Consulta: subjectFacets:"Economics"
Registros recuperados: 176
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 01:04:08

La diversidad de actividades económicas de los grupos domésticos rurales en la valoración del riesgo por parte de las microfinancieras.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Sánchez González, Carmen Lissette.
El microcrédito  es un servicio que las personas de bajos ingresos utilizan  para contrarrestar su condición de pobreza ya que, cuando se encuentra a su alcance,  pueden poner en marcha proyectos y/o actividades de tipo económico que contribuyen a mejorar sus ingresos. A pesar de que la importante función del microcrédito ha sido objeto de  amplio reconocimiento, incluso por parte  de organismos nacionales e internacionales, la cobertura en la atención de clientes sigue siendo muy limitada. La falta de cobertura, por parte de las Instituciones Microfinancieras (IMF), resulta particularmente aguda en el caso del sector rural como resultado de las complejas condiciones del mismo y de la restringida capacidad de las instituciones microfinancieras.  No...
Palavras-chave: Actividades económicas; Riesgo; Microcrédito; Microfinanzas; Microfinancieras; Economical activities; Risk; Microcredit; Micro financial; Economía; Maestría; Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/663

The Economic Impacts of Pollinator Declines: An Approach to Assessing the Consequences
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kevan, Peter G; University of Guelph; pkevan@uoguelph.ca; Phillips, Truman P; University of Guelph; truman@uoguelph.ca.
Since agricultural activities were first recorded, there have been shortages of pollinators. Today it seems that pollination systems in many areas of agriculture are threatened by the inadequacy or lack of sustainable managed, indigenous, or imported pollinators. Pollinator shortages can adversely affect crop production and commodity markets. This paper presents an economic model than can be used to measure some of the economic impacts of pollinator deficits on traded commodities. This economic analysis indicates that consumers of a commodity affected by a pollinator deficit may suffer because the commodity costs more and becomes less available. At the same time, although the producers of the affected commodity may experience crop declines, they may also...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agricultural sustainability; Economics; Food prices; Pollinator abundance; Pollinator availability; Pollinator deficit; Pollinator diversity; Pollinator force; World food supply; Trade.
Ano: 2001

Economic Factors Affecting Diversified Farming Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bowman, Maria S.; Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley; maria.s.bowman@berkeley.edu; Zilberman, David; Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley; zilber11@berkeley.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Diversified farming systems; Economics.
Ano: 2013

Integrating local knowledge and science: economic consequences of driftwood harvest in a changing climate
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Jones, Chas E; International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks; chas@chasjones.com; Kielland, Knut; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks; kkielland@alaska.edu; Hinzman, Larry D; International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks; ldhinzman@alaska.edu; Schneider, William S; Oral History Department, University of Alaska Fairbanks; wsschneider@alaska.edu.
The integration of local knowledge and science represents an opportunity to enhance the understanding of interrelations among climate, hydrology, and socioeconomic systems while providing mutual benefits to scientists and rural communities. Insight from rural Alaskans helped to identify a social-ecological threshold used to model potential driftwood harvest from the Yukon River. Information from residents of Tanana, Alaska, was combined with scientific data to model driftwood harvest rates. Modeling results estimated that between 1980 and 2010, hydrologic factors alone were responsible for a 29% decrease in the annual wood harvest, which approximately balanced a 23% reduction in wood demand because of a decline in number of households. The...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Climate; Driftwood; Economics; Flood; Hydrology; Large woody debris; Local knowledge; Participatory research; Social-ecological model; Threshold.
Ano: 2015

Genetically Modified Crops and the Agroecosystem: Comments on "Genetically Modified Crops: Risks and Promise" by Gordon Conway
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Pimentel, David; Cornell University; dp18@cornell.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.); GM crops; Agriculture; Biotechnology; Economics; Ecosystems; Genetic engineering; Herbicides.
Ano: 2000

Perspectivas da economia extrativista vegetal na Amazônia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: HOMMA, A. K. O.
A importância econômica do extrativismo vegetal na Região Norte; Especulação teórica sobre a dinâmica do extrativismo vegetal na Amazônia; As perspectivas do extrativismo vegetal na Amazônia; Reservas extrativistas; O futuro da economia extrativa na Amazônia; Conclusões.
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Extrativismo; Reserva extrativista; Brasil; Protected forests.; Economia; Exploração Florestal; Mercado; Produto Florestal.; Amazonia; Economics; Forest products; Marketing; Resource management.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/997354

Retorno proporcionado pela cultura do maracujá em consórcio com guaraná e pupunha, na região de Manaus.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FONSECA, C. E. L. da; CORRÊA, M. P. F.; TEIXEIRA, S. M.; ESCOBAR, J. R.; OLIVEIRA, M. G. C. de.
Baseados na hipotese de que o emprego de consorcios entre culturas perenes e semi-perenes proporcionam melhor aproveitamento de areas de plantio, alem de diversos beneficios tecnicos e de retorno mais rapido do capital aplicado na fase de implantacao e manutencao inicial dos cultivos perenes, passou-se a estudar a interacao dos cultivos de maracuja com pupunha e guarana.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Paullinia cupana var; Sorbilis; Consorciacao; Brasil; Amazonas; Peach palms.; Análise Econômica; Bactris Gasipaes; Guaraná; Maracujá; Passiflora Edulis; Pupunha.; Economics; Intercropping.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/665184

O futuro não é mais o que costumava ser.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LOPES, M. A.
Na primeira metade do século 20, o poeta e pensador francês Paul Valéry afirmava que "o problema do nosso tempo é que o futuro não é mais o que costumava ser". Essa frase atravessou o tempo para encontrar no presente uma realidade à qual se ajusta com perfeição.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Coronavírus; Covid-19; Pandemia; Conhecimento científico; Pesquisa; Método de Pesquisa; Economia; Pandemic; Economics; Research.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1123551

O cultivo do guarana no Amazonas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GARCIA, T. B.; NASCIMENTO FILHO, F. J. do.
Informacoes sobre a producao de mudas de guarana e recomendacoes tecnicas de cultivo, tais como: producao de mudas, tratos culturais no viveiro, transporte das mudas, custo de producao de mudas de estacas enraizadas, plantio definitivo, preparo do solo, tratos culturais no plantio definitivo, floracao e frutificacao, colheita, secagem, beneficiamento, comercializacao, usos, composicao quimica, coeficiente tecnico para implantacao do guaranazal.
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Paullinia cupana var; Sorbilis; Cultivo; Brasil; Amazonas; Manaus; Cultivation; Management crop; Harvest; Processing; Análise Econômica; Colheita; Composição Química; Implantação de Cultura; Mercado; Processamento; Secagem; Semente; Chemical composition; Drying; Economics; Marketing; Plant establishment.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/666583

Núcleo Piloto de Informação e Gestão Tecnológica para a Agricultura Familiar Território do Sisal: relatório final de consultoria nacional.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GUIMARÃES FILHO, C.
OBJETIVO DA CONSULTORIA: Apoio à implantação e operacionalização do núcleopiloto de informação e gestão tecnológica para a agricultura familiar DO Território do Sisal-BA. PERÍODO DE EXECUÇÃO: 26/06/2007 a 26/12/2007. O trabalho inicial da consultoria foi direcionado para um melhor reconhecimento da área do Núcleo Piloto do Território do Sisal e contatos com pessoas e instituições envolvidas no projeto Uma visão mais verticalizada da missão dessa consultoria foi obtida através de leitura analítica do projeto de implantação dos Núcleos Piloto de Informação e Gestão Tecnológica e dos relatórios dos consultores Doris Sayago e Jean Phillipe Tonneau. As informações foram complementadas com reuniões técnicas mantidas com a coordenadora do projeto Petula...
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento Territorial; Bahia; Território do Sisal; Development rural and socoiology; Agricultura Familiar; Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/857412

Avaliação econômica dos resultados de um ensaio de adubação em seringueira na Fazenda Três Pancadas, Camamu-Bahia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CARTIBANI, M. M. B.; REIS, E. L.; SANTOS, F. F.
Buscou-se encontrar os tratamentos de adubação, cujo emprego, pelo produtor, proporcionasse maior retorno ao capital investido. Pelos resultados alcançados, pode-se inferir, sob critérios puramente econômicos, que maiores rendimentos podem ser alcançados com a prática da adubação com presença de fósforo, que proporcionam retornos econômicos da ordem de até 39% para cada unidade de capital investido.
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Bahia; Rubber tree; Fertilizers aplication.; Adubação; Análise Econômica; Espécie; Hevea; Seringueira; Solo.; Economics; Soil.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/665092

Sistema de produção para guaraná - Estado do Amazonas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EMBRAPA. Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal da Amazônia Ocidental (Manaus, AM).
Sistema de produção para a cultura do guaraná - a)produção de mudas: propagação do guaranazeiro, enraizamento de estacas, tratos culturais no viveiro, coeficientes técnicos para produção de mudas a partir de plantas enraizadas; b) planejamento para o plantio: condições edafoclimáticas, preparo do solo, plantio no local definitivo, tratos culturais, floração e frutificação, colheita, despolpamento, secagem, comercialização, usos, composição química. Coeficientes técnicos para implantação de 1ha de guaraná.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Paullinia cupana var; Sorbilis; Brasil; Amazonas; Production; Harvest; Processing.; Colheita; Composição Química; Economia; Guaraná; Processamento; Secagem; Semente; Sistema de Produção.; Drying; Economics; Chemical composition; Seeds.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/666040

A suinocultura brasileira e as tendências mundiais.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TALAMINI, D. J. D.; SANTOS FILHO, J. I. dos.
bitstream/item/155245/1/final8437.pdf
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Economia mundial; Suinocultura; Desenvolvimento econômico; Swine; Economics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1063441

Resultados preliminares do consorcio de guarana, pupunha e maracuja na regiao de Manaus.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FONSECA, C. E. L. da; CORREA, M. P. F.; OLIVEIRA, M. G. C. de; ESCOBAR, J. R.
A utilizacao de sistemas de consorcio, alem do aspecto ecologico, objetiva conseguir retorno rapido ao investimento de implantacao, diversificar a dieta, fixar o homem a terra e reduzir os riscos de condicoes climaticas adversas e de flutuacao de mercado. A instalacao do experimento foi escalonada no tempo.
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Paullinia cupana var; Sorbilis; Consorciacao; Brasil; Amazonas; Peach palms.; Análise Econômica; Bactris Gasipaes; Guaraná; Maracujá; Passiflora Edulis; Pupunha.; Economics; Intercropping.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/665182

A importância estratégica do potássio para o Brasil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: KINPARA, D. I.
ABSTRACT: This paper presents the strategic importance of potassium (K) in Brazil, focusing four aspects: the function in the plant; the K content of Brazilian soil; the different K forms; and its demand in the Brazilian agricultural system. The K is not a structural element of plants, but it participates in many biochemical plant processes, like carbohydrates and proteins synthesis, showing its economical importance in terms of production. A major problem in Brazilian soils is the leaching process due to the rain regimes. Since k is a very soluble ion in the soil profile, it must be replaced in regular basics to the culture. There are five sources of K, all them of high solubility. Less soluble K compounds have been studied as a way to minimize the...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Socioeconomia; Brasil; Socioeconomic; Demand.; Cerrado; Demanda; Exportação; Fertilizante; Importação; Mercado; Potássio.; Brazil; Economics; Exports; Fertilizers; Markets; Imports; Potassium.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568191

Custo de producao de mudas de cafe na Embrapa Cerrados.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PEREIRA, G.; SAMPAIO, J. B. R.; SILVA, J. C. P. da; NAZARENO, R. B.; DIAS, J. N.
bitstream/CPAC-2010/23696/1/doc-35.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: SOCMIA200; Coffee; Cuttings; Socioeconomia: Estudo de viabilidade economica e social.; Coffea Arábica; Café; Cerrado; Custo de Produção; Economia; Estimativa; Muda; Viveiro.; Economics; Production costs.; Prices.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567027

Custo de produção, geração de caixa e retorno sobre o investimento: uso de indicadores simplificados na integração em suínos e aves.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MIELE, M.; FISCHER, A.
bitstream/item/225646/1/Cot544-2Ed-final.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Finanças; Avicultura; Suinocultura; Custo de produção; Economia agrícola; Indicador econômico; Aviculture; Swine production; Production costs; Economics.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1069030

Palestras e resumos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FÓRUM DE BELÉM "DESAFIOS PARA A PESQUISA FLORESTAL NA AMAZÔNIA", 1999, Belém, PA.
bitstream/item/57859/1/Oriental-Doc72.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Manejo florestal; Floresta sustentável; Belém; Pará; Brasil; Forest policies; Sustainability.; Economia Florestal; Pesquisa Florestal; Política Florestal.; Amazonia; Forest management; Economics; Research.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/393926

Anais...
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SEMINÁRIO SOBRE DIAGNÓSTICO DOS PROJETOS DE MANEJO FLORESTAL NO ESTADO DO PARÁ - FASE PARAGOMINAS, 1996, Paragominas.
bitstream/item/63492/1/CPATU-Doc106.PDF
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Manejo florestal; Projeto; Paragominas; Pará; Brasil; Projects; Diagnosis.; Diagnostico; Economia Florestal; Reflorestamento.; Amazonia; Economics; Forest management; Reforestation.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/393836

Nações se desenvolvem aprendendo a lidar com a complexidade.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LOPES, M. A.
Rupturas e mudanças profundas que marcam este tempo não deixam dúvidas de que estamos imersos no que se pode chamar de a "era da complexidade", em que aspectos importantes da vida e da sociedade se tornam cada vez mais interconectados e interdependentes.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Sistemas complexos; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Desenvolvimento Socio-Econômico; Economia; Economics; Economic sustainability; Sustainable development.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1123809

The Australian mariculture industry: Finfish, molluscs and crustaceans.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baker, J; Kenway, M.
Australia's interest in mariculture has been comparatively recent when compared with the developments in many other Pacific countries. Two exceptions are native oysters, cultivated for food since the late 1880's, and pearl oysters which have been cultured, particularly in the northern part of Australia, following the initial work of Saville-Kent.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Australia Coasts; Crustacea; Tridacna gigas; Mytilus edulis planulatus; Pinctada maxima; Ostrea angasi; Crassostrea gigas; Saccostrea commercialis; Mollusca; Coryphaena hippurus; Lates calcarifer; Pisces; Marketing; Economics; Research programmes; Aquaculture development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1499.pdf

Analyse des stratégies de contrôle dans une pêcherie gérée par l’effort de pêche : le cas de la pêcherie de coquilles Saint-Jacques de la baie de Saint-Brieuc
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Gallic, Bertrand; Fifas, Spyros; Lesueur, Marie; Roncin, Nicolas; Ropars-collet, Carole.
Since a report by the European Court of Auditor in December 2007, EU officials have been suggesting that the failure of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) results from too much non compliance and a weak and inefficient enforcement system. As a result, a stakeholder consultation was organised EU-wide, and a new control regulation has been presented by the European Commission in autumn 2008. The objective of the paper is to discuss the reality and the scope of this assertion in the situation of a French coastal fishery managed through effort control (the Saint-Brieuc scallop fishery). Key outlines of the French control strategy are presented for the first time, based on an extensive work with the key stakeholders (national and regional administrations and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Contrôle; Fraude; Pêcheries; Économie; Aménagement; Control policy; Fraud behavior; Economics; Fisheries management.
Ano: 2010
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00480/59148/61776.pdf

La Mer : hommes - richesses - enjeux
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ifremer - Ena, -.
Chapters in Volume 1:    -  Law of the sea and international straits   - Trends in the French merchant fleet   - International shipping   - Safety and rescue at sea, the case of yachting   - Marine research and economic development   - The respective roles played at sea by the state and local authorities   - Social trends in populations linked to the sea: commercial seafarers   - Future perspectives for marine leisure activities   - French ports, outlook for the year 2000  Chapters in Volume 2:    - European organisation in terms of seafood   - The role of the sea in the development of the DOM/TOM (French overseas départements and territories)   - France's international policy and naval and maritime resources   - Naval strategies of the major powers   -...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Geopolitics; Seafood; Technologies; Scientific research; Marine leisure activities; Ports; Merchant fleet; Safety; Shipping; International policy; Europe; Economics; Politics; France; Sea; Ocean Mondial; Essai In Situ; Technologie; Recherche Scientifique; Port; Sauvetage; Plaisance; Securite; Transport Maritime; Commerce Maritime; Flotte; Droit De La Mer; Politique; Economie; Milieu Marin.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/rapport-1027.pdf

Eléments de réflexion pour l'évaluation économique de la filière d'élevage de la coquille Saint Jacques (1992)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dao, Jean-claude; Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Paquotte, Philippe.
This document is made from reports of a working group joining together JFREMER biologists and economics to shape an economic evaluation of scallop Pecten maximus aquaculture. It lays out the synthesis of al1 available data on french scallop fisheries and market and takes stock of the farming technical results. The study also approaches the difficulties to implement this farming techniques and the problems linked with the development of a new aquacultural activity. This work contributes to determine the right research fields to cany out, to identify the projects which will be submitted to an economic analysis and to define the measures to take in order to allow an efficient technical transfer as well as a good sectorial survey
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Coquille Saint-Jacques; Aquaculture; Marché; Economie; Développement.; King scallop; Aquaculture; Marketting; Economics; Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00080/19084/16679.pdf

Les preimpregnes dans le nautisme
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bernay, P.
Preimpregnated reinforcements (prepregs) in the nautical industry represent an opportunity for naval construction and an alternative method of fabricating composite structures. There prepregs include fibres, resins, their hardeners and a certain number of additives. One may consider them to be semi-products. Their characteristics allow the highest levels of performance and reliability to be attained.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Economics; Ship technology; Ship design; Safety devices; Composite materials; Enjeu économique; Nautique; Haute performance; Stratifié; Préimprégné.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1068.pdf

The seafood markets in the northern mediterranean countries
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Paquotte, Philippe; Guillard, Valerie.
A brief survey of the sea-food markets for the northern Mediterranean countries is presented, i.e. for Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. Then a comparative study between the markets belonging to the European Union is completed. Three of these countries (France, Italy and Spain) are characterised by a huge deficit in their external sea-products trade. Greece is almost balanced, but Portugal has been importing increasingly more over the last few years. About 45% of the imports come from the European Union. After many years of increasing value, we can now see a stabilisation in the fish price. Since 1977, the consumption of fresh products has been receding in favour of frozen and processed products. Cultured salmon and shrimp which...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Economics; Consumption; International trade; Sea products; SEM; Economie; Consommation; Commerce extérieur; Produits de la mer.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/acte-4055.pdf

Le problème mondial actuel des pêches maritimes (1949)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Gall, Jean.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Economics; Fishing gear; Catching; Fishes; Commercial species.
Ano: 1949
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1949/publication-2207.pdf

Perspectives d'exploitation des petits bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthou, Patrick.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Brittany; Bivalvia; Economics; Trade; Conservation; Catching; Stock; Fisheries; Manche Occidentale; Bretagne Sud; Bivalvia; Valorisation; Methode Capture; Gestion Stock; Exploitation.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/rapport-2208.pdf

Diagnostic technico-économique et aide à la gestion d'entreprise en aquaculture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Calleja, P; Paquotte, Philippe.
Formal accounting sheets usually turn out being unappropriate to identify the technical or managerial elements causing the financial situation of an enterprise and to imagine the future of that enterprise as well. That is the reason why, as it has been widely developed in agriculture, a technico-economic approach linking the physical flows related to the activity of the enterprise and the resulting financial flows should be a better answer to the need of vigilance on husbandery practices and to the need of projection in the future. The realization of a computerized simulation tool taking into account some relevant technical, biological and economic criteria makes it possible to assess the consequences of investment decisions on the cash-flow and on the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Simulation tool; Management; Economics; Aquaculture; SEM; Outil de simulation; Gestion; Économie; Aquaculture.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/acte-4033.pdf

Dix ans de production en ecloserie de mollusques bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leborgne, Y.
SATMAR has developed techniques and methods allowing a production of over 100 million spat per year at a size from 2 to 10 millimetres. Among the 13 species concerned by this production, 3 of major importance are the oysters Crassostrea gigas, Ostrea edulis and the Japanese little neck clam, Ruditapes philippinarum . The hatchery production could easily be doubled if the market would increase. Current research tend to increase the quality of the products by means of genetics and to lower the costs by improving the nursery phase.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Costs; Marine aquaculture; Economics; Hatcheries; Aquaculture enterprises; Ecloserie; Production commerciale; Mollusques bivalves.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1184.pdf

開発途上国における家畜糞尿からのバイオガス生産とその展望
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Ishibashi, Kenichi; Day, Donald L; Zhang, Ruihong; Hironaka, Kazunori; Koaze, Hiroshi.
Fuel, feed, and fertilizer are critical resources that often must be imported. Especially for agriculturalists in developing countries, the high cost of these resources and high interest rates create significant economic problems.     These economic problems, the decreased availability of renewable sources of fuel, and the need for pollution control and fertilizer conservation have forced people to look for new sources of these resources. Methane fermentation technology is one alternative that has received widespread interest in developing countries because it converts locally available byproducts into fuel, feed, and fertilizer. Through a microbial process, agricultural waste material and byproducts can be converted into valuable products. This conversion...
Palavras-chave: Biogas; Anaerobic digestion; Livestock waste; Digester tank; Economics; バイオガス; 嫌気性消化; 家畜糞尿; 消化槽; 経済性.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/1884

Emerging Africa: The Case of Ghana
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Kwasi Fosu, A.
The growth record of Ghana has been one of unevenness, as Table I.1 and Figure I.1 clearly indicate. With a reasonably high GDP growth in the 1950s and early 1960s, the Ghanaian economy began to experience a slowdown in GDP growth as of 1964. Growth was turbulent during much of the period since the mid-1960s and only began to stabilize by 1984. In 1966, 1972, 1975-1976, 1979, 1980-1983, the growth rate was negative. The years in which negative growth was experienced generally coincide with change in government and sometimes with policy changes or reversals. Negative growth was first recorded during the time of the first coup d’etat, with a forceful transfer of authority from the dictatorial Nkrumah regime to the military headed by General Ankrah. The...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/448

The industrial tuna fishing activity in the western Indian Ocean, report for the year 1999 : Impact on the economy of Seychelles
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Commetant, B.
The fishing industry of the Seychelles economy has from its outset been one of the main traditional economic activities and stands to remain an important pillar of the country's economy. It is a valuable source of revenue in terms of earnings from licence fees issued, fishing vessels and companies' expenditures on local purchases of goods and services in addition to creating job opportunities notwithstanding the important amount of foreign currency that it earns the country. At the end of 1999 and throughout the last decade, Port Victoria maintained its position as the principle tuna port in the Indian Ocean. This was partly due to Seychelles central position in the Western Indian Ocean and its close proximity to the tuna fishing grounds. The port...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Tuna fisheries; Economics.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5137

The industrial tuna fishing activity in the western Indian Ocean: Impact on the economy of Seychelles, report for the year 2004
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Marguerite, M.A.; Baker, C.
Fishing has traditionally played an important role in the socio-economic development of the country, providing an important source of exports and foreign exchange earnings, job creation, government revenue and most of all an important source of animal protein for the population. With the emergence of Port Victoria as a major tuna landing and transshipment center in the region coupled with the country's venture in tuna canning activity, the importance of the fisheries sector has grown even further to establish itself as a major economic activity, an important source of foreign exchange earnings and contributor to the country's wealth generation. The Industrial Tuna Fishing Activity in Seychelles has since its outset been an important source of foreign...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5133

The industrial tuna fishing activity in the Western Indian Ocean, Report for the year 2000: Impact on the economy of Seychelles
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Marguerite, M.A.
Fishing has traditionally played an important role in the socio-economic development of the country providing an important source of exports and foreign exchange earnings, job creation, government revenue and most of all an important source of animal protein for the population. With the emergence of Port Victoria as a major tuna landing and transshipment center in the region coupled with the country's venture in tuna canning activity, the importance of the fisheries sector has grown even further to establish itself as a major source of foreign exchange earnings and contributor to the country's wealth generation. The Industrial Tuna Fishing Activity in the Western Indian Ocean has since its outset been an important source of revenue for the Seychelles...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5136

The industrial tuna fishing activity in the western Indian Ocean: Impact on the economy of Seychelles, report for the year 1997
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Marguerite, M.
Since the beginning of the industrial tuna fishing activity in the Western Indian Ocean by foreign fishing vessels, Seychelles has benefited substantially, and Port Victoria is now considered the major tuna transshipment port in the region. This activity represents a major source of foreign exchange inflows in the Seychelles's economy not only in terms of earnings from the issue of fishing licenses to foreign fishing vessels to fish in our EEZ, but also in term of these vessels expenditure on local purchases of goods and a number of shore based services which is consumed when these vessels call in port. Through the use of these shore-based services a number of job opportunities are created for Seychellois nationals as well as other spillover effects on the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economics; Tuna fisheries; Fishing licenses.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5138

The industrial tuna fishing activity in the western Indian Ocean: Impact on the economy of Seychelles, report for the year 2003
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Marguerite, M.
Fishing has traditionally played an important role in the socio-economic development of the country, providing an important source of exports and foreign exchange earnings, job creation, government revenue and most of all an important source of animal protein for the population. With the emergence of Port Victoria as a major tuna landing and transshipment center in the region coupled with the country's venture in tuna canning activity, the importance of the fisheries sector has grown even further to establish itself as a major economic activity, an important source of foreign exchange earnings and contributor to the country's wealth generation. The Industrial Tuna Fishing Activity in Seychelles has since its outset been an important source of foreign...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Tuna fisheries; Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5134

The industrial tuna fishing activity in the western Indian Ocean report for the year 2002: Impact on the economy of Seychelles
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Marguerite, M.A.
Fishing has traditionally played an important role in the socio-economic development of the country, providing an important source of exports and foreign exchange earnings, job creation, government revenue and most of all an important source of animal protein for the population. With the emergence of Port Victoria as a major tuna landing and transshipment center in the region coupled with the country's venture in tuna canning activity, the importance of the fisheries sector has grown even further to establish itself as a major economic activity, an important source of foreign exchange earnings and contributor to the country's wealth generation. The Industrial Tuna Fishing Activity in Seychelles has since its outset been an important source of revenue for...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5135

THE ECONOMICS OF TRACTORS IN SOUTH ASIA
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: Binswanger, H.P.
Palavras-chave: Economics; Manpower; Threshers; Cropping patterns; Taxes; Investment; Reclamation; Field preparation; Statistics; Yields.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3924

Methods for assessing the impacts of natural resource management research
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: B.
Palavras-chave: Watersheds; Soil degradation; Watershed management; Assets; Policies; Land resources; Water quality; Economics; Water harvesting; Investment.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4231

Theory testing (hypothesis testing) in agricultural economics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meszaros,   Sandor.
According to Karl Popper, economics and agricultural economics should be deemed scientific if the theories (hypotheses) are subject to strict tests. The testing of agro-economic theories goes back 50 years in the USA, Canada, Europe, and Japan, and these methods are becoming increasingly part of educational research methodology. In fact, the author of this paper teaches this very subject at Debrecen University, and for this reason has endeavoured to provide an overview on current trends in this field. The present overview first discusses the role of testing in the research process (cognition), and then analyses the various classification methods (types) of testing. It deals in detail with the application of the (microeconomic) production-theory in...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Theory testing; Hypotheses testing; Economics; Agricultural economics; Production-theory; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46658

Trade-offs between conflicting animal welfare concerns and cow replacement strategy in out-wintering Scottish suckler herds
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vosough Ahmadi,   Bouda; Morgan,   Colin A.; Stott,   Alistair W.
Since decoupling of the CAP, many Scottish suckler cow farms are facing financial difficulties. In response, many farmers are out-wintering extensively managed suckler cows to minimise production costs. These systems are of animal welfare concern. A range of trade-offs between animal welfare indicators and between animal welfare and farm profitability can be identified. A Dynamic Programming (DP) model was developed to study these trade-offs. Two herds were modelled assuming their feeding regimes were either low (LHERD) or high (HHERD). The objective of the DP was to maximise the expected net margin from a current cow and its successors over an infinite time horizon. Preliminary results showed that the rate of voluntary culling was higher in HHERD than in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Beef cow; Economics; Dynamic programming; Animal welfare.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61122

JOHNE'S  DISEASE ON U.S. DAIRY OPERATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
One objective of the NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was to assess dairy producer awareness of Johne's disease, estimate national and regional  herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection, estimate  economic losses due to Johne's disease on dairy operations, and describe use of recommended preventive  measures on U.S. dairy operations.  Data were collection from U.S. dairy operations with at least 30 milk cows in 20 states representing 79.4 percent of  U.S. dairy cows via questionnaires administered to dairy managers and blood  samples collected from milk cows by Veterinary Medical Officers and Animal Health Technicians. Sera were tested for antibodies to M. paratuberculosis using a commercially available ELISA. Results showed lack of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Johne's disease; M. paratuberculosis; Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32763

AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE WHOLE-FARM IMPACT OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olson,   Kent D.; Elisabeth,   Pascal.
The full impact of an investment in a management information system (MIS), such as precision agriculture (PA), comes from improved managerial decision making throughout the whole farm and not just from improvements in a specific part of the farm.  This study was conducted to determine whether the adoption of PA had a positive impact on whole-farm profitability. To overcome problems of simultaneity and self-selection in the adoption decision of PA, this study used a two stage econometric model using data from farms in Southwest Minnesota. The PA adoption decision was evaluated in the first stage, and the impact of adopting PA was evaluated in the second stage. The whole farm rate of return to assets (ROA) was used to measure the impact of PA. For all 212...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Precision agriculture; Economics; Adoption; Profitability; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22119

FEASIBILITY OF A SHEEP COOPERATIVE FOR GRAZING LEAFY SPURGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sell,   Randall S.; Nudell,   Daniel J.; Bangsund,   Dean A.; Leistritz,   F. Larry; Faller,   Timothy.
This report presents an economic feasibility study of a 5,000 head, cooperatively owned, sheep operation for leafy spurge control.  The objectives were 1) determine the return on investment of the cooperative, 2) determine the proposed structure of the cooperative, and 3) ascertain the amount of capital investment required by members in the cooperative. Three sheep flock management alternatives were initially considered for the cooperative.  These were 1) winter lambing, 2) spring lambing, and 3) fall lambing.  The fall lambing scenario was determined to be infeasible because of logistics associated with gathering and transportation of pregnant ewes and lack of grazing pressure on leafy spurge throughout the grazing season.   The total capital investment...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Leafy Spurge; Cooperative; Weed Control; Sheep Grazing; Economics; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23270

A Whole Farm Analysis of the Influence of Auto-Steer Navigation on Net Returns, Risk, and Production Practices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shockley,   Jordan M.; Dillon,   Carl R.; Stombaugh,   Timothy S.
A whole farm economic analysis was conducted to provide a detailed assessment into the economic, risk, and production implications due to the adoption of auto-steer navigation. It was determined that auto-steer navigation was profitable for a grain farmer in Kentucky with net returns increasing up to 0.90% ($3.35/acre). Additionally, the technology could be used in reducing production risk. Adoption of the technology also alters production practices for optimal use.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; Farm management; Mean-variance; Precision agriculture; Simulation; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty; C61; C63; D81; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100640

Influence of Course Delivery Method and Proctoring on Performance in Introductory Economics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wachenheim,   Cheryl J.
This work was published in the Review of Agricultural Economics.  See Wachenheim, C.J. 2009. Final Exam Scores in Introductory Economics Courses: Effect of Course Delivery Method and Proctoring. Review of Agricultural Economics 31(3), pp. 640-652.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Online; Assessment; Education; Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103165

Economic Efficiency of Compost Production: The Case of Israel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kan,   Iddo; Ayalon,   Ofira; Federman,   Roy.
This paper presents a comprehensive economic analysis of recycling organic wastes through composting. A mathematical programming model is developed to examine the optimal level of compost production from sources of organic municipal solid waste, livestock manure and wastewater-treatment sludge. The model incorporates the spatial nature of the problem by referring to the locations of the sources for raw organic matter, of the composting plants and agricultural regions. Agricultural demand for compost is derived using estimated production functions for 42 crops, price elasticity of the vegetative agricultural outputs, and farmers' stated willingness to utilize compost. The model accounts for the costs of waste collection, compost production, transportation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Compost; Economics; Livestock-Manure; Mathematical-Programming; Municipal-Solid-Waste; Waste-Water-Treatment-Sludge.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42831

ECONOMIC ISSUES IN AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shoemaker,   Robbin A.; Harwood,   Joy L.; Day-Rubenstein,   Kelly A.; Dunahay,   Terry; Heisey,   Paul W.; Hoffman,   Linwood A.; Klotz-Ingram,   Cassandra; Lin,   William W.; Mitchell,   Lorraine; McBride,   William D.; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge.
Agricultural biotechnology has been advancing very rapidly, and while it presents many promises, it also poses as many questions. Many dimensions to agricultural biotechnology need to be considered to adequately inform public policy. Policy is made more difficult by the fact that agricultural biotechnology encompasses many policy issues addressed in very different ways. We have identified several key areas — agricultural research policy, industry structure, production and marketing, consumer issues, and future world food demand — where agricultural biotechnology is dramatically affecting the public policy agenda. This report focuses on the economic aspects of these issues and addresses some current and timely issues as well as longer term issues.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Economics; Adoption; Patents; Research policy; Markets; Market segmentation; Identity preservation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33735

Issues at the Forefront of Public Policy for Environmental Risk: Comments for the American Meteorological Society's Annual Policy Colloquium
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacAuley,   Molly K.
The lay of the policy land for addressing and managing environmental risk includes the hillock of the precautionary principle, the mountain of the practice and ethics of monetary valuation, and the tectonic plates of real-world innovations in markets and trading exchanges for nonmarketed environmental goods. This paper offers an overview of these contemporary and as yet unresolved issues and asks how each might be addressed in disparate environmental risks such as lightning, climate change, and severe weather. The overview focuses on issues that may be of interest to the American Meteorological Society's annual policy colloquium.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Risk; Environment; Public policy; Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q00; D89.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10494

An Exploratory Assessment of the Economic Impact of Forage Options for Beef Production on Smallholder Farms in the Red Soils Region of China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacLeod,   Neil D.; Wen,   Shilin; Hu,   Mingwen.
The rapidly growing beef cattle herd of the Peoples Republic of China is largely carried as small numbers of animals on smallholder farms. These enterprises have traditionally focussed on cereal and vegetable crops. Limited plantings of specialised forages combined with a poor knowledge of ruminant nutrition by sm allholder farmers represent a serious challenge to establishing genuinely sustainable beef enterprises for this sector. Government policy to promote beef cattle production on smallholder farms is now focussing on the use of new forages and improved feeding practices. The paper draws on some economic insights from an Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project that is exploring options for integrating the planting and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Forages; Red Soils Region; China; Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; 03; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25588

Using SAM's to account for distortions in non-market economies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Irma; Berck,   Peter; Vujovic,   Dusan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic conditions; Economic development; Economics; Equilibrium; Investments; Sam.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43741

Optimisation methods for assisting policy decisions on endemic diseases
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stott,   Alistair W.
Endemic disease of animals is an economic problem as it deprives humans of scarce resources that might otherwise satisfy human wants. Optimisation methods identify the strategies that minimise this economic problem. Given the potentially vast extent of the deprivation, not only in terms of lost wealth but also in terms of animal welfare, human health and environmental damage, this subject offers great benefits to decision-makers from the individual farm to the global level. This paper uses examples to illustrate the basic economic principles concerned. It shows how these principles may be extended to deal with current limitations in theory and practice. Lack of data is a common problem that may be dealt with by using computer simulation, theoretical...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Decision analysis; Optimisation; Modelling; Endemic disease; Knowledge transfer; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46000

BEEF '97, PART III: REFERENCE OF 1997 BEEF COW-CALF PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT AND DISEASE CONTROL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
The NAHMS Beef '97 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's cow-calf population for education and research.  The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically-valid sample yielding 2,713 producers from 23 states.  The 23-state target population represented 85.7 percent of U.S. beef cows on January 1, 1997, and 77.6 percent of U.S. beef operations.  Federal and state Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) and Animal Health Technicians (AHT's) collected data for this report on-farm from March 3, 1996, through May 23, 1997, from 1,190 operations that had five or more beef cows on January 1, 1997.   Contact For This Paper: David Dargatz
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Breeding; SPA; Price impact; Environment; Weaning; Economics; Disease; Johne's; Marketing; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32744

Management of reproduction in Scottish suckler herds
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stott,   Alistair W.; Gunn,   George J.; Varo Barbudo,   Antonio.
A survey of the management of reproduction on 66 Scottish suckler herds calving in spring 2003 was analysed using multiple regression. The predicted mean value of suckled calves produced was £237/cow (SE 1.8). The regression coefficients of the predictors was 0.74 (0.05), 15 (3.9) and 248 (16.5) for date of first calving, average number of 21-day calving periods (calving spread) and proportion of cows barren respectively. Improving each predictor by 1 SD had the combined potential to improve predicted calf value by £64/cow, over 80% of the current typical gross margin for this type of enterprise. Bull care had a significant influence on calving spread and number of biosecurity measures taken had a positive influence on the proportion of cows barren....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef cow; Fertility; Economics; Management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36871

Economic Potential of Using High Tunnel Hoop Houses to Produce Fruits and Vegetables
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donnell,   Jeri; Biermacher,   Jon T.; Upson,   Steve.
Abstract Hoop house plasticulture has been promoted as a production technology that allows fruit and vegetable crops to be grown in the cool season months in early spring and late fall.  At this time little information regarding the economics of hoop house plasticulture is available.  Two fruit and vegetable production systems were developed for growing conditions in south-central Oklahoma.  The first system has a spinach crop followed by field tomato, and the second system has annually produced strawberry followed by yellow and zucchini squash.  Crop production data were collected in a three-year randomized and replicated experiment.  The objectives were (1) to determine the expected cost of production for each crop and systems, (2) to determine the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Breakeven prices; Economics; Fruits and vegetables; Hoop houses; Plasticulture; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98840

Economic Potential of Substituting Legumes for Synthetic Nitrogen in Warm Season Perennial Grasses used for Stocker Cattle Grazing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kering,   Maru K.; Biermacher,   Jon T.; Reuter,   Ryan; Butler,   Twain; Springer,   Job D.; Rogers,   James K.; Blanton,   John, Jr.; Bouton,   Joe H.; Guretzky,   John A.
Stocker cattle grazing warm season perennial grasses is an important economic activity in the southern Great Plains.  Substantial increases in the price of nitrogen fertilizer is negatively affecting forage producers’ profitability.  Two alternative nitrogen management systems that use annual and perennial legumes have been developed for bermudagrass pastures.  The goal of the study is to determine if the legumes systems are more profitable than the conventional practice of applying synthetic sources of nitrogen.  Results of the two-year grazing study show that the legume systems could not compete economically with the common practice.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economics; Grazing; Legumes; Bermudagrass; Nitrogen fertilizer; Stocker cattle; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56525

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLING LEAFY SPURGE WITH SHEEP; SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bangsund,   Dean A.; Nudell,   Daniel J.; Sell,   Randall S.; Leistritz,   F. Larry.
Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.), a widely established exotic, noxious, perennial weed, is a major threat to rangeland and wildland in the Upper Great Plains.  Chemical, biological, and cultural control methods have limitations in their applicability and effectiveness in treating leafy spurge.  However, many of the constraints prohibiting the use of herbicides, tillage, and biological controls do not apply to sheep grazing.  Sheep grazing, while known to be effective in controlling leafy spurge since the 1930s, has lacked widespread adoption as a leafy spurge control.  A deterministic, bioeconomic model, incorporating relationships between sheep grazing and leafy spurge control, grass recovery, and forage use by cattle, was developed to evaluate the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Leafy Spurge; Weed Control; Sheep Grazing; Economics; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23373

Biotechnology's Potential Contribution to Global Wood Supply and Forest Conservation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
Over the past 30 years, industrial plantation forests have become a major supplier of industrial wood. There are several reasons for this, including the improved economics of planted forests due to biotechnological innovations, the increases in natural forest wood costs due to increasing inaccessibility, and rising wood costs from natural forests due to new environmental restrictions related to logging. Forestry today is on the threshold of the widespread introduction of biotechnology into its operational practices. In many cases, the biotechnology likely to be introduced is simply an extension of that being utilized in agriculture, such as herbicide-tolerant genes. However, biotechnology in forestry also is developing applications unique to forestry,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Breeding; Forestry; Tree plantations; Timber; Fiber; Genes; GMOs; Industrial wood; Economics; Benefits; Costs; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q21; Q23; Q16; O32; L73.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10708

Economics, Area Studies and Human Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
This paper suggests that area studies and economics have a better chance to be married successfully if we shift our attention from the exclusive emphasis on economic growth towards improvements in human development, especially the much broadened version of that concept. Different areas are shown to differ substantially in terms of the choices they make among the various independent dimensions of well-being and the various indicators within each dimension.  The particular characteristics of each area play an important role in determining the choices societies make and the extent to which they are constrained by their initial conditions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Human Development; Area Studies; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; O1; O2; O5.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52333

Productivity and Economic Effects of Antibiotics Used for Growth Promotion in U.S. Pork Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miller,   Gay Y.; Algozin,   Kenneth A.; McNamara,   Paul E.; Bush,   Eric J.
Public health experts are concerned about the diminishing efficacy of antibiotics.  Some have called for a ban on growth-promoting antibiotics in animal agriculture.  This study identifies the contribution of growth-promoting antibiotics in the grower/finisher phase of U.S. pork production.  With National Animal Health Monitoring System swine data, relationships are estimated between growth-promoting antibiotic use and productivity.  Results indicate improvements in average daily gain (0.5%), feed conversion ratio (1.1%), and mortality rate (reduced 0.22 percentage points); these productivity improvements translate into a profitability gain of $0.59 per pig marketed, or an improvement of 9% in net profits associated with growth promotion antibiotics.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Economics; Growth promotants; Productivity; Resistance; Swine; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43146

Producer Preference for Land-Based Biological Carbon Sequestration in Agriculture: An Economic Inquiry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
This study was intended to develop an understanding of producer preference for land-based carbon sequestration in agriculture. We conducted a mail survey to elicit producer choice to provide marketable carbon offsets by participating in different carbon credit programs characterized by varying practices. Based on a quantitative analysis, we found that: 1) the market price for carbon offsets could increase producer participation in carbon sequestration; 2) producers perceived differentially different but correlated private costs for adopting carbon sequestering practices, depending on production attributes; and 3) relatively high carbon prices would be needed to stimulate producer provision of carbon offsets by land-based carbon sequestration activities. A...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas; Carbon sequestration; Producer stated preferences; Agriculture; Economics; Carbon offsets; Carbon markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q54; Q52; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104512

Economic analysis of automatic flood irrigation for dairy farms in northern Victoria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armstrong,   Dan P.; Ho,   Christie K.M.
Interest in automatic flood irrigation is strong, given the labour and lifestyle benefits it can provide. An economic analysis of three automated flood irrigation systems for a dairy farm in northern Victorian indicated that automatic irrigation can be a profitable labour saving investment in many cases. However, profitability was sensitive to the amount and value of the labour saved. Pneumatic and timer systems were good investments regardless of the area they were installed to service. The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system was a good investment when more than 50 ha were serviced by the system. Irrigation water savings are unlikely to have a significant effect on the profitability of automatic irrigation, particularly if the price of...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming systems; Automatic irrigation; Economics; Farm Management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120911

What's Advertising Content Worth? Evidence from a Consumer Credit Marketing Field Experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bertrand,   Marianne; Karlan,   Dean S.; Mullainathan,   Sendhil; Shafir,   Eldar; Zinman,   Jonathan.
Firms spend billions of dollars each year advertising consumer products in order to influence demand. Much of these outlays are on the creative design of advertising content. Creative content often uses nuances of presentation and framing that have large effects on consumer decision making in laboratory studies. But there is little field evidence on the effect of advertising content as it compares in magnitude to the effect of price. We analyze a direct mail field experiment in South Africa implemented by a consumer lender that randomized creative content and loan price simultaneously. We find that content has significant effects on demand. There is also some evidence that the magnitude of content sensitivity is large relative to price sensitivity....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics of advertising; Economics &amp; psychology; Behavioral; Economics; Cues; Microfinance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing; D01; M31; M37; C93; D12; D14; D21; D81; D91; O12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47038

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART III: BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. Data for Part III: Beef Cow/Calf Health &amp; Health Management were collected by federal and state veterinary officers (VMO's) in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states between January 4 and February 28, 1993. These 18 states represented 70 percent of the U.S. beef cow inventory. Participating producers had five or more beef cows or beef replacement heifers and fifty percent or more of their 1992 calf crop...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calves; Breeding; Calving; Calf crop; Replacement heifers; Economics; Sales; Disease; Parasites; Pinkeye; Scours; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32748

An Economic Assessment of Competing Technologies for Coastal Restoration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Hua; Caffey,   Rex H.; Petrolia,   Daniel R.
In the wake of Hurricane Katrina, the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) was established to integrate programs for habitat restoration and infrastructure protection. The Authority has begun aligning the state’s coastal spending to reflect increasing public interest in the restoration of surface acreage.  Concurrent with these changes, programmatic emphasis has been placed on rapid land building (RLB) techniques that rely on mechanical dredges and sediment conveyance pipelines to build new land. The apparent costs and benefits of this approach are increasingly compared in the scientific community to more traditional and natural methods of restoration, such as freshwater diversions (DIV). Given limited state and federal budgets for...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coastal Restoration; Wetland; Economics; Benefit-Cost; Marsh Creation; Freshwater Diversion; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119740

Can market power be estimated?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hyde,   Charles Evan; Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Equilibrium; Marketing; Supply and demand; Marketing.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47275

JOB OPPORTUNITIES FOR AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS AT NON-LAND GRANT COLLEGES: RESULTS OF A SURVEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hyde,   Jeffrey; Lovejoy,   Stephen B.
This paper provides information about the nonagricultural academic job market to students and administrators in Agricultural Economics departments.  Particularly, we report the results of a survey sent to 295 non-Land Grant economics departments which met our criteria of offering only a Bachelor's degree in Economics.  Of the 101 returned surveys, 45% indicated that they would consider hiring an Agricultural Economist to fill a faculty position within their department.  These schools indicated that they place greater value on teaching-related experiences than research publications in prospective faculty members.  We propose the implementation of mentoring programs within Agricultural Economics departments.  Such programs would allow students to learn...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Academic job market; Agricultural economist; Economics; Teaching; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28656

The economic impact of climate change in Namibia. How climate change will affect the contribution of Namibia’s natural resources to its economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reid,   Hannah; Sahlen,   Linda; Stage,   Jesper; MacGregor,   James.
The IPCC recognises Africa as a whole to be “one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change because of multiple stresses and low adaptive capacity. Climate change is likely to exacerbate the dry conditions already experienced in southern Africa. And when rainfall does come, it is likely to be more intense, leading to erosion and flood damage. This will affect the poor most, with resulting constraints on employment opportunities and declining wages. But at present these predictions gain little policy traction in southern African countries. The multilateral climate change process is complicated and slow, and policymakers often see serious action on climate change as a domestic ‘vote loser’. One way to raise climate change concerns...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economics; Namibia; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37922

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF HERBICIDE CONTROL OF LEAFY SPURGE (EUPHORBIA ESULA L.) IN RANGELAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bangsund,   Dean A.; Leitch,   Jay A.; Leistritz,   F. Larry.
Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.), a widely established exotic, noxious, perennial weed, is a major threat to the viability of commercial grazing and beneficial outputs of wildlands in the Upper Great Plains.  Herbicide treatments are often recommended based upon measures of physical control rather than on economic criteria.  Considering the wide geographic variation of leafy spurge infestations, the range of herbicide control alternatives, and the long-term consequences this weed creates, a need exists to assess the economics of herbicide control.  A deterministic, bioeconomic model was developed to evaluate the economic viability of current herbicide control strategies for leafy spurge.  Only under liberal assumptions and optimistic projections does...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Leafy spurge; Herbicides; Control; Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23314

THE INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL LAND USE PATTERNS ON RURAL AMENITY VALUES AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR GROWTH MANAGEMENT: EVIDENCE FROM A CONTINGENT CHOICE SURVEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnston,   Robert J.; Bauer,   Dana Marie; Swallow,   Stephen K.
This paper reports on a contingent choice study in which residents of a rural Rhode Island community were asked to express their preferences for packages of growth management outcomes, where surveys presented both spatial and non-spatial attributes of growth management outcomes. Survey results provide insight on the extent to which estimated willingness to pay (WTP) for marginal changes in specific landscape features or land uses may be influenced by spatial considerations.  Results also characterize the potential impact of spatial context on public preferences and WTP for coordinated packages of growth management outcomes. Keywords: Land Use, Spatial, Contingent Choice, Growth Management, Economics, Valuation
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Spatial; Contingent Choice; Growth Management; Economics; Valuation; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21766

Tariffs and quotas that lower prices and raise welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumers; Economics; Equilibrium; Import; Quotas; International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47254

The Economics of Harvesting and Transporting Hardwood Forest Residue for Conversion to Fuel Ethanol:  A Case Study for Minnesota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrolia,   Daniel R.
Forest residues are being considered as potential feedstock for a biomass-to-ethanol facility in Minnesota (USA), using residues from major wood-producing counties in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.  Results indicate that marginal residue costs delivered to a conversion facility would be $56-80/Mg for a small (95-189 MM liters) plant, and about $81/Mg for a larger (379 MM liters) plant.  Output beyond these levels would involve substitution of lower-cost market pulpwood as the plant feedstock because of relatively high marginal residue costs.  Sensitivity analysis indicates that either a 20-percent increase or decrease in the quantity of available residue would impact marginal cost estimates by no more than $15/Mg.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Economics; Ethanol; Residue supply; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14020

Net benefits from alternative feral goat management strategies in the western NSW rangelands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khairo,   Salahadin A.; Hacker,   Ronald B.
The western NSW rangeland is the pastoral zone of NSW, with increasing abundance and distribution of feral goats (Capra hircus). Feral goats are generally viewed as agricultural pests impacting on agricultural production and natural resources but they are also valuable economic resources that generate income for many pastoralists. This paper presents an economic analysis of alternative feral goat management strategies in the western NSW rangelands. We used benefit‐cost analysis to evaluate the Net Present Value (NPV) and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) of feral goat management strategies including do‐nothing, opportunistic harvesting, ‘value added goats’ and establishment of goat‐proof fencing on representative properties in the Bourke, Cobar and Broken Hill...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economics; Feral goat; Management; Policy; NSW; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124322

Enhancing Critical Thinking in Economics Using Team-Based Learning
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Espey,   Molly.
While critical thinking may be difficult to define, development of critical thinking skills is a principle goal of education, particularly higher education.  It is vital that college graduates can question assumptions, synthesize information, evaluate evidence, draw inferences, and make reasoned arguments.  Critical thinking skills do not improve without practice; effective teaching methods engage students with course material and each other, challenging them to think through issues and problems relevant to the real world.  Engagement or problem solving alone, however, does not guarantee improved critical thinking.  This study evaluates the impact of one alternative teaching method, team-based learning, on students’ perceptions of the development of...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic Education; Economics; Education; Pedagogical; Pedagogy; Teaching; Teaching of Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; A200; A220.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123521

Giving credit to the microlenders. Formal microlending, credit constraints and adverse selection: a case study of shrimp farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andersson,   Camilla I.M.; Holmgren,   Erik; MacGregor,   James; Stage,   Jesper.
Smallholder farmers have long been denied access to formal credit, largely because of the high administrative fees associated with loans. A possible solution to this problem, which has become increasingly popular, is the use of microcredit financing, where innovative means of securing the loans, such as peer monitoring, are used. This paper examines the effectiveness of formal microcredit schemes as compared to the traditional informal credit sources in a rural shrimp farming district of Bangladesh. We compare the two types of credit by studying the technical and allocative efficiencies of the two groups of borrowers. The findings suggest that farmers using both types of microcredit have difficulty accessing credit, often over-utilising labour in order to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Bangladesh; Shrimp Farming; Fisheries; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37921

EVALUATING EXTENSIVE SHEEP FARMING SYSTEMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stott,   Alistair W.; Vosough Ahmadi,   Bouda; Morgan-Davies,   Claire; Dwyer,   Cathy M.; Goddard,   Pete; Phillips,   Kate; Milne,   Catherine E.; Kupiec-Teahan,   Beata; Ringrose,   Sian; Waterhouse,   Tony.
Data from each of 5 commercial, extensive sheep farms in Cumbria, UK were used as parameters in a linear program (LP) representing labour and grazing management in such farming systems. The LP maximised ewe enterprise gross margin subject to constraints dictated by the labour availability and land types on each farm. Under the assumptions used, labour availability and price restricted ewe numbers well below those observed in practice on 2 farms i.e. land resources were adequate for the farming system practiced. On two other farms stocking levels and hence returns were limited by the availability of forage and hence feed input prices relative to output. On one farm, greater grassland productivity was the key determinant of system performance. It was...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Extensive; Sheep; Economics; LP.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61123

Energy and Chemicals from Native Grasses: Production, Transportation and Processing Technologies Considered in the Northern Great Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiffany,   Douglas G.; Jordan,   Brendan; Dietrich,   Erin; Vargo-Daggett,   Becca.
Production of biomass from native prairie species offers the opportunity to produce energy and chemicals while providing substantial ecological services in the Northern Great Plains.  This paper analyzes the application of rapid pyrolysis to produce bio-oil, which has the potential for use as a low-grade fuel oil or as a source for extraction of valuable chemicals.  Yields of bio-oil, the quantities of extractable chemicals, and chemical prices drive the economics of this concept, which has a more extensive track record utilizing wood chips.  A spreadsheet model was developed to determine gross margins available to defray costs to extract and refine such chemical products as hydroxyacetaldehyde, phenol, formic acid, acetic acid and various resins....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Prairie grasses; Pyrolysis; Economics; Chemicals; Energy; Bio-oil; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13838

Open Access and Extinction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berck,   Peter.
Published in Econometrica, v.47:4, July 1979, p.877-882
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biology; Conservation; Economics; Fish; Mathematical models; Natural resources.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37690

REFERENCE OF 1996 U.S. REGIONAL SHEEP HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wineland,   Nora.
In 1995, the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collaborated with the Research and Education Division of the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) in developing a needs assessment tool to identify the most important health and productivity factors for the sheep industry. In collaboration with the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), a statistically designed producer sample was selected to provide estimates for the United States sheep population in the 48 contiguous states.   The NAHMS/ASI questionnaires were mailed to 19,807 sheep operations in January 1996; data were received and summarized from 5,174 respondents. It was estimated that in the 48 contiguous states, there were approximately 8,433,400 sheep as of January...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Sheep; Health; Disease; Death; Morbidity; Mortality; Economics; Predators; Vaccinations; Antibiotics; Income; Worms; Reproduction; Profitability; Regions; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32751

Economic Analysis of Options for Food Aid Policy in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boland,   Michael A.; Brautigam,   Alena.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; Food policy; Latin America; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93348

Factors Affecting Beef Cow-Herd Costs, Production, and Profits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ramsey,   Ruslyn; Doye,   Damona G.; Ward,   Clement E.; McGrann,   James M.; Falconer,   Lawrence L.; Bevers,   Stanley J.
Cow-herd standardized performance analysis (SPA) data for Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico were used to determine economic factors affecting cow-herd costs, production, and profitability.  Total cost was defined as the financial cost associated with raising a calf through the weaning stage; production, as pounds weaned per exposed female; and profits, as a rate of return on assets.  Variable affecting one of more performance measures included herd size; pounds of feed fed; real estate, machinery, and breeding-stock investments; calving percentage; death loss; and breeding-season length.  Management variables were especially important for financial costs and profitability of the cow-herd operation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Cattle; Costs; Cow-calf; Economics; Production; Profits; Return on assets; Production Economics; Q120.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43687

NATIONAL IMPACTS OF CHANGES IN LIVESTOCK DISEASE SURVEILLANCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hillberg Seitzinger,   Ann; Paarlberg,   Philip L.; Mathews,   Kenneth H., Jr.
This research estimates the U.S. economic welfare effects of livestock disease surveillance.  One type of surveillance considers livestock diseases already in the United States.  Annual national economic welfare increases $1.4 billion on average compared with a Federal surveillance budget for endemic diseases of $300 million annually. Other surveillance deals with reducing the risk of foreign animal diseases entering and becoming established. The estimated annual gain to producers from surveillance for foreign animal diseases is $401 million dollars.  Consumers experience additional benefits of $170 million annually.  Total annual benefits are $571 million versus a foreign animal disease surveillance budget of $165 million.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Livestock disease; Surveillance; Economics; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Q10; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97837

Homo Agricola considered as Homo Economicus and Homo Politicus
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zawojska,   Aldona.
The paper is of descriptive character and is based on literature review. It reviews the concept of homo economicus and homo politicus in the history of economic thought and tries to discover their characteristics in homo agricola. As demonstrated, one component of homo agricola can be of economic and another one of political nature. Those components can be separated or can be together. Agricultural economists, however, in their sophisticated mathematical models seem to reduce farmers’ behaviour to economic behaviour or rather to self-interested homo economicus. Institutional economics, social economics and socio-economics are closer to actual human nature, than homo economicus. The further research challenge before agricultural academia is to develop the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economics; Politics; History of economic thought; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Q1; A13; P4; B0.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90835

A HAZAI TEJTERMELŐ TEHENÉSZETEKBEN ALKALMAZOTT TARTÁS- ÉS ÜZEMELTETÉSTECHNOLÓGIÁK ÉRTÉKELÉSE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Atkos,   Istvan.
Az elvégzett értékelés alátámasztja a szakirodalmakban is olvasható véleményeket, miszerint ma már csak a kényelmes fekhelyű színszerű istállókban, kötetlenül tartott és magas fokon automatizált fejőállásokban fejt állományokkal van esély a versenyképes, fenntartható tejtermelésre, feltételezve természetesen a korszerű fajtát és az igényes takarmányozást. Ennek a tartás-1 és üzemeltetés-technológiai2 korszerűségi követelménynek csak a színszerű istállóban, almozott kötetlen tartás és a színszerű istállókban almozatlan kötetlen tartás tudnak eleget tenni. Közülük az alommentes változat – amellyel elsősorban a prognosztizált klímaváltozás miatt kell foglalkozni – még további vizsgálatokat is kíván. Építési, hőszigetelési, klimatizálási és üzemeltetési...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Tartás- és üzemeltetéstechnológiák; Etológia; Ergonómia; Környezetvédelem; Ökonómia maintenance and operation technologies; Ethology; Ergonomics; Environmental protection; Economics; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57712

Ex-Ante Evaluation of Nutrition and Health Benefits of Biofortified Cassava Roots in Nigeria: The Dalys Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Manyong,   Victor M.; Bamire,   A.S.; Sanusi,   I.O.; Awotide,   D.O.
Cassava is a major staple that supplies more than 50% of daily energy to more than 200 million persons in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Cassava roots are known to be low in micronutrients such as vitamin A, iron, and zinc. Micronutrient deficiencies threaten the lives of millions of poor households and those located in remote rural areas of SSA often not targeted by fortification programmes. This paper presents results from an ex-ante evaluation of nutrition and health benefits of increased vitamin A status of cassava roots through biofortification for at-risk-target-groups using the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) approach. Results showed that Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) causes an annual loss of about 553,000 years of “healthy” life in Nigeria with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cassava; Biofortification; DALYs; Economics; Health; Nigeria; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9542

Organic farming in Australia: An economist's perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marshall,   Graham R.
Organic agriculture has emerged as an important contributor of ideas in the continuing Australian search for sustainable farming systems. Recognising this, choices arise over the need for government intervention to foster the development of organic approaches to agriculture. Even when the choice is to not intervene directly, an understanding of factors behind how voluntary conversion to this way of farming would help governments, farmer organisations and agribusiness to meet the demands of converting farmers for knowledge, inputs and services. The aim in this paper is to assist informed resolution of these questions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Organic agriculture; Alternative agriculture; Aggregation economies; Diversification; Economics; Externalities; Conservatiuon; Farm Management.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9676

Changes in Management Can Improve Returns from Cambodian Upland Crops
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farquharson,   Robert J.; Sareth,   Chea; Somrangchittra,   Chapho; Martin,   Robert J.; Haigh,   Bruce M; Scott,   J. Fiona; Sopheap,   Ung.
Farming systems research for wet-season non-rice upland crops in Cambodia is being conducted with the overall aim of poverty reduction and food security for farmers in the Provinces of Battambang and Kampong Cham. Some of these cash crops exhibit low and variable incomes, especially when grown in the early wet season. Cambodian farmers may borrow money to buy crop inputs and often sell their produce to companies and traders from neighbouring countries, hence they are price takers. Some new crop technologies are evaluated which relate to soil and crop fertility management interacting with climatic factors. The DSSAT crop simulation model is used to predict outcomes from alternative management strategies. Bio-economic analyses are conducted to assess the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Upland crops; Cambodia; Technology; Economics; Simulation; Risk; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25602

AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF WETLAND MITIGATION IN NORTHWEST MINNESOTA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sip,   Robert L.; Leitch,   Jay A.; Meyer,   Aaron J.
The economic efficiency of wetland mitigation in Minnesota's Red River Valley was examined using the Minnesota Routine Assessment Method on ten wetland case studies to rate the functions of impacted and replacement wetlands.  Secondary sources were used to assign dollar values to wetland functions of impacted and replacement wetlands.  Mitigation costs for projects ranged from $279 to $4,171 per acre.  Estimated annual social values ranged from $207 to $1,027 per acre for impacted wetlands and from $268 to $927 per acre for replacement wetlands.  Social values of replacement wetlands exceeded the social value of impacted wetlands in seven cases. Values of replacement wetlands were 1.8 to 4 times greater than the values of impacted wetlands due to 2-to-1...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wetland(s); Mitigation; Economics; Values; Minnesota; Red River; Wetland Conservation Act; Minnesota Routine Assessment Method; Restoration; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23477

ECONOMICS OF PRODUCING FOR AN IDENTITY-PRESERVED (IP) GRAIN MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gustafson,   Cole R.
Demand for identity-preserved (IP) crops produced by Northern Plains farmers is increasing.  Buyers are willing to pay a premium for grains that can be guaranteed to possess a unique characteristic.  Several general crop management practices apply to crops raised for IP.  These include greater investment in segregated storage facilities, more meticulous production, isolation, added cleaning/sorting, documentation, greater testing, additional marketing, and risks of liability.  To illustrate, the economics of producing certified seed for sale to other farmers is used as an example of IP grain production.  Many of the concepts and specific practices of certified seed production are applicable to most IP crops raised.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Identity-preserved; Crop production; Economics; Marketing; Certified seed; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23651

Rapid Effective Trace-Back Capability Value in Reducing the Cost of a Foot and Mouth Disease Event
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hagerman,   Amy D.; Looney,   J. Chris; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Anderson,   David P.; Ward,   Michael P.
This study evaluates how the availability of animal tracing affects the cost of a hypothetical Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) outbreak in the Texas High Plains using alternative tracing scenarios. To accomplish this objective, the AusSpread epidemic disease spread model (Ward et al., 2006) is used to simulate a High Plains FMD outbreak under different animal tracing possibilities. A simple economic costing module (Elbakidze, 2008) is used to determine the savings in terms of animal disease mitigation costs from rapid, effective trace-back. The savings from increased traceability are then be compared to the cost of a functional National Animal Identification System (NAIS). Initial results indicate that rapid, effective tracing reduces the overall cost of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Traceability; Foot and Mouth Disease; Economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56500

Hybrid Rice: Economic Assessment of a Promising Technology for Sustainable Food Grain Production in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Azad,   Md Abdus Samad; Mustafi,   B.A.A.; Hossain,   Mahabub.
Hybrid rice, one of the viable and proven technologies has been considered as a new frontier to increase rice production for meeting growing demand for staple food in Bangladesh. Using farm survey data this paper examines comparative profitability of hybrid and inbred rice cultivation and estimates a Stochastic Frontier Function to determine the effect of key variables on farm efficiency. Results show that hybrid rice gives substantially higher yield as well as net return compared to inbred rice which leads to increase and sustainable growth of food grain production. Analysis of Stochastic Frontier model shows hybrid rice farms are technically more efficient than inbred.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hybrid Rice; Technology; Economics; Food Self-sufficiency; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5987

Transgenic Trees: Implementation and Outcomes of the Plant Protection Act
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
The responsibility for protecting U.S. agriculture from pests and diseases is assigned by the Federal Plant Pest Act (FPPA) to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the Department of Agriculture. The Plant Protection Act (Title 7 U.S.C. Sections 7701 et seq.) gives Aphis statutory authority over genetically modified organisms (GMO), in effect assigning to APHIS a related responsibility of determining whether a genetically altered plant, crop, or tree is likely to pose unacceptable risks to the environment. Although APHIS has considerable experience with crop plants, it has only limited experience with trees. Yet the possible benefits of applying genetic engineering to trees are substantial and include industrial wood production and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forestry; Biotechnology; Transgenic; Tree plantations; Timber supply; Genes; GMOs; Industrial wood; Economics; Regulations; Costs; Benefits; Conservation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q21; Q23; Q16; O32; L73.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10629

The Economics of Harvesting and Transporting Corn Stover for Conversion to Fuel Ethanol: A Case Study for Minnesota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrolia,   Daniel R.
Corn stover harvest and transport cost functions were estimated for two harvest operations for a proposed biomass-to-ethanol conversion facility located in southern Minnesota, USA.  This work presents an alternative methodology to estimating corn stover quantities and harvest costs at the county level, taking into account county-specific yields, transportation distances, erosion constraints, machinery specifications, and other key variables.  Monte Carlo simulation was also used to estimate the probability distribution of costs under alternative assumption on key parameters whose values vary widely in the literature.  Marginal stover cost for 50MM gal/year of ethanol output was estimated at $54/dt ($0.77/gal ethanol) for the more intensive harvest method...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Corn stover; Economics; Ethanol; Lignocellulose; Monte Carlo; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14213

Healthy Competition in the Animal Health Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buhr,   Brian L.; Holtkamp,   Derald; Sornsen,   Steve.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Pharmaceutical Industry; Five Forces; Animal Health; Veterinary; Competition; Economics; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries; Q13; Q18; L11; L22; L2; L66.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104213

The Impact of Spatial Heterogeneity in Land Use Practices and Aquifer Characteristics on Groundwater Conservation Policy Cost
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Willis,   David B.; Stovall,   Jeff; Johnson,   Jeffrey W.; Rainwater,   Ken; Barbato,   Lucia S.; Mulligan,   Kevin; Fish,   Ernest B.
Estimation of agricultural policy cost for a given level of groundwater conservation requires the establishment of an accurate baseline condition.  This is especially critical when the benefits and cost of any conservation program are generally estimated relative to the status quo policy or baseline situation.  An inaccurate baseline estimate will lead to poor estimates of potential water conservation savings and agricultural policy cost.   Over a 60-year planning horizon per acre net present value is as much as 29.8% higher for a study area when aquifer characteristics are assumed to be homogenous and set to their average area value than when the heterogeneity in aquifer characteristics is explicitly modeled.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Aquifer Modeling; Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98843

Economics of Global Warming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Robert.
This paper conveniently skips any controversy associated with the science of climate change. On the assumption that greenhouse gas emissions are causing climate change that is detrimental to humanity, the paper focuses on some economic dimensions of the issue which seem to be poorly understood by Australian media commentators, policy analysts, interest groups and the political parties. Using a neoclassical welfare economics framework the paper explores the costs and benefits of greenhouse gas abatement with reference to the findings of the Stern Report, the setting of greenhouse gas targets by Australian political parties, the danger of the government “picking winners” and the emerging carbon theory of value. The paper concludes with a brief review of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Economics; Targets; Policy; Carbon tax; Cap and trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6006

BEEF, '97, PART IV: CHANGES IN THE U.S. BEEF COW-CALF INDUSTRY, 1993-1997
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
Section 1 of this report shows demographic changes of the U.S. beef cow-calf industry from a historical perspective from data provided by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and Census of Agriculture.  Results of two NAHMS national studies in Section II complete the overview of change in the U.S. beef cow-calf industry during the 5-year period from 1993 to 1997.  NAHMS, CHAPA Phase I included data collected from 2,539 cow-calf operations in the 48 continental states via telephone during the fall of 1992.  Subsequent data collection was done on operations in 18 states and from producers with five or more beef cows and 50 percent or more of their calf crop born between January 1 and June 30 (spring calving)  The 18 states represented 70...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Demographics; Identification; Economics; Marketing; Weaning; Morbidity; Mortality; Nutrition; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32755

ANALYSES OF ORGANIZATION AND MILK PRODUCTION ECONOMICS ON FARMS IN MONTENEGRO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cetkovic,   Jasmina; Despotovic,   Aleksandra; Cimbaljevic,   Miroslav.
Original scientific paper
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Milk production; Organizational-economic aspects; Production volume; Economics; Profitability; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Q12; D13.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123955

IMPORTANCE OF INCOME IN COW-CALF MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collected data on management practices and cow-calf herds as a source of family income from a representative sample of cow-calf producers from 23 of the leading cow-calf states.  Overall, 2,713 producers with one or more beef cows participated in the NAHMS Beef '97 Study, representing 85.7 percent of the beef cows and 77.6 percent of the beef cow operations in the United States as of January 1997. Producers whose cow-calf herds were the primary source of family income were more productive than those whose herds were a supplemental source of income. Cow-calf herds were the primary source of income for 14 percent of the producers and provided supplemental income for 69 percent of the producers....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Production; Income; Dehorning; Castration; Vaccinations; Breeding; Calving; Semen testing; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32792

Firm-specific information, product differentiation, and industry equilibrium
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perloff,   Jeffrey M.; Salop,   Steven.
Where consumers have imperfect information about specific firms’ prices and lack information about the market, firms have informational market power. In general, improving the consumer’s information about each firm’s price will not necessarily lower average market price. We show, however, that certain types of improvements will lower price. Moreover, a reduction in barriers to entry (e.g., capital costs) will lower price-holding information constant. Where a significant number (but not all) consumers have perfect information, single-price equilibria are impossible.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Competition; Consumers; Consumers' preferences; Consumer education; Mathematical models; Demand elasticity; Economics; Equilibrium; Marketing; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47003

A Note on a One-sided, Chebychev-type Inequality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berck,   Peter; Hihn,   Jairus M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Statistics.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37701

Economic impact of switching to once-a-day milking on a dairy farm in northern Victoria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armstrong,   Dan P.; Ho,   Christie K.M.
1449-5937
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming systems; Once-a-day milking; Economics; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121471

Economics of controlling a spreading environmental weed
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chalak,   Morteza; Pannell,   David J.
Weeds can cause significant problems to natural ecosystems. Although there have been numerous studies on the economics of weed control, relatively few of these studies have focused on natural ecosystems. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by assessing the cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive range of control strategies for blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans) in natural environments in Australia. We developed a stochastic dynamic simulation model and a deterministic dynamic optimisation model. The stochastic model calculates the expected net present value (NPV) of a range of control strategies, including any combination of treatment options. The optimisation model identifies the treatment combination that maximises NPV. Both models represent the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environment; Economics; Weed; Stochastic; Optimisation; Management; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108416

Economic analysis of automatic flood irrigation for dairy farms in northern Victoria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armstrong,   Dan P.; Ho,   Christie K.M.
Interest in automatic flood irrigation is strong, given the labour and lifestyle benefits it can provide. An economic analysis of three automated flood irrigation systems for a dairy farm in northern Victorian indicated that automatic irrigation can be a profitable labour saving investment in many cases. However, profitability was sensitive to the amount and value of the labour saved. Pneumatic and timer systems were good investments regardless of the area they were installed to service. The supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system was a good investment when more than 50 ha were serviced by the system. Irrigation water savings are unlikely to have a significant effect on the profitability of automatic irrigation, particularly if the price of...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming systems; Automatic irrigation; Economics; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120865

Analysis on Peasants’ Diet Condition and Food Safety Awareness in Northern Jiangsu -From the Perspective of Economics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xie,   Xinyi; Tu,   Baojun; Ma,   Jing.
Taking three counties in northern Jiangsu (Suining, Ganyu and Sihong) as the respondents, the economic principles of food safety issues of rural areas in northern Jiangsu are described from three aspects which are information asymmetry, food supply and food safety issue and food consumption and food safety issue. From the two aspects-adverse selection of consumers and opportunistic behaviors of producers, the paper introduces the influence of food safety issues of rural areas in northern Jiangsu are put forward; First, improve consumers’ knowledge of food safety; second. Normalize the behavior of main bodies of production and management; Third, improve the current situation of information asymmetry of food safety ; fourth, accelerate economic construction...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Northern Jiangsu; Rural areas; Food safety; Economics; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101901

Biological Control of Giant Reed (Arundo donax): Economic Aspects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seawright,   Emily K.; Rister,   M. Edward; Lacewell,   Ronald D.; Sturdivant,   Allen W.; Goolsby,   John A.; McCorkle,   Dean A.
Arundo donax is a large, invasive weed consuming large quantities of water in the riparian area of the Texas Rio Grande Basin.  With water availability a concern to the area, the USDA-ARS is investigating biological control agents to increase available water, creating a benefit to both the region’s economy and society in general.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Arundo donax; Giant Reed; Water; Economics; Invasive; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46740

Developing Ecotourism for the Survival of Sea Turtles
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Wilson,   Clevo.
Discusses generally why humans should bother to conserve sea turtles. In doing so, it considers both economic and non-economic reasons and outlines threats to the existence of sea turtles and ways in which tourism may either contribute to the conservation or decline of their populations. Turtle-based ecotourism at Mon Repos in southern Queensland is described. As a result of a survey conducted by the authors, it is shown that turtle-based ecotourism at Mon Repos has positive social (indirect) consequences for the conservation of sea turtles. Furthermore, it is argued that ecotourism operations at Mon Repos have positive direct impacts on the sustainability of populations of sea turtles. However, using a simple model, it is demonstrated that this impact is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Economics; Ecotourism; Sea Turtles; Sustainable Tourism; Wildlife Conservation.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48008

Ethics and Agriculture: A Teaching Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diebel,   Penelope L.
Ethics and agriculture is a complex debate, but one in which agricultural economics students must be prepared to participate.  There are many links between economics and ethic or moral philosophy.  Classroom teaching tends to focus on discussion of issues involving behavioral ethics and disregards the teaching of philosophical ethics and its application in agricultural economics.  A discussion is presented regarding the ethical context we have inherited in agricultural economics.  I offer some broad moral philosophy concepts and an argument for providing students with tools to develop a philosophical ethics perspective of agricultural economics.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economics; Ethics; Philosophy; Teaching; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46565

ESTIMATED COSTS AND RETURNS FOR CATFISH FARMS WITH RECIRCULATING PONDS ALONG THE UPPER TEXAS COAST
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambregts,   Johannes Adrianus; Griffin,   Wade L.; Lacewell,   Ronald D.; Davis,   James T.; Clary,   Gregory M.
Cost, returns, and economies of scale for small, medium and large catfish farms with recirculating ponds are presented for the upper Texas coast. Internal rates of return are 0.150, 0.183 and 0.219, respectively. Total investment is higher than farms with static ponds but investment per unit production capacity is 7 percent to 16 percent lower. Average total cost per pound is between $0.565 and $0.541, (11 percent –20 percent lower than farms using current technology). These results have implications for regional comparative advantage of catfish production as well as incentive for adoption of new technology in conventional ponds.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Catfish; Economics; Off-flavor; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15045

Economic Assessment of Selected Resource Management Techniques in Marginal Upland Agriculture: Integrated Report and Proceedings of a Workshop, held in Seoul, Korea, May 20-22, 1998
Provedor de dados: 31
Economic Assessment of Selected Resource Management Techniques in Marginal Upland Agriculture, by Min-Jae Kim; Message of the Executive Secretary, United Nation Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, by Adrianus Moo; Opening Statement, by Sangwoo Park Opening Statement, by Haruo Inagaki; Opening Statement, by Kyuyong Suh; Current Status and Future Tasks in Marginal Upland Agriculture, by Sangwoo Park; Economic Assessment of Selected Management Practices for Efficient Use of Saline-Sodic Water in Arid and Semiarid Subtropical India, by Mahander Singh; Irrigated Ecosystem in India - Sustainability Issues, by R. L. Yadav; Economic Assessment of Selected Resource Management Techniques in Marginal Upland Agriculture of Mawlasnai, Meghalaya;...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Marginal farms; Upland areas; Resource management; Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32736

Marion Clawson's Contribution to Forestry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
Marion Clawson passed away in April 1998 at the age of 92. He was a giant in the field of resource and environmental economics who devoted the last decade and one-half of his professional career to forest and forest related issues. He produced over 30 professional books and hundreds of papers. This paper presents a broad overview of his career as an economist, with a focus on his work in and influence on forestry and forest policy. From the early 1970s through to his last professional book in 1983, and his final professional contributions in the mid 1990s, Clawson devoted most of his professional efforts to forest issues. His influence on forests and forest policy was substantial, especially in the context of public policy toward America's publicly owned...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marion Clawson; Forest; Economics; Resources; Policy; Timber; Recreation; History; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; B31; Q10; Q20; Q23; Q24; Q26; Q28.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10755

Weed Invasions: To Control or Not to Control?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cacho,   Oscar J.; Wise,   Russell M.; Hester,   Susan M.; Sinden,   Jack A.
When a weed invasion is discovered a decision has to be made as to whether to attempt to eradicate it, contain it or do nothing. Ideally, these decisions should be based on a complete benefit-cost analysis, but this is often not possible. A partial analysis, combining knowledge of the rate of spread, seedbank longevity and economic-analysis techniques, can assist in making the best decision. This paper presents a model to decide when immediate eradication of a weed should be attempted, or whether weed control should be attempted at all. The technique is based on identifying two 'switching points': the invasion size at which it is no longer optimal to attempt eradication, and the invasion size at which it becomes optimal not to apply any form of control. It...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Invasive species; Eradication; Containment; Economics; Weed control; Switching point; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12908

Economics of controlling invasive species: a stochastic optimisation model for a spatial-dynamic process
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chalak,   Morteza; Pannell,   David J.; Polyakov,   Maksym.
Invasive species are significant threats to biodiversity, natural ecosystems and agriculture leading to large worldwide economic and environmental damage. Spread and control of invasive species are stochastic processes with important spatial dimensions. Most economic studies of invasive species control ignore spatial and stochastic aspects. This paper covers this gap in the previous studies by analysing a spatially explicit dynamic process of controlling invasive species in a stochastic setting. We show how stochasticity, spatial location of infestation and control can influence the spread, control efficiency and optimal control strategies. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between economic parameters and stochastic spatial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Spatial; Dynamics; Invasive; Economics; Stochastic; Optimisation; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103325

Why industrial policies fail: limited commitment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
The strategic effects of subsidies on output and subsidies on investment differ substantially in dynamic models where a government's commitment ability is limited. Output subsidies remain effective even as the period of commitment vanishes, but investment subsidies may become completely ineffective. This difference has been obscured because most existing models of strategic trade policy are static.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumers; Economics; Equilibrium; Export subsidies; Investments; Trade agreements; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47044

A Corn Stover Supply Logistics System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morey,   R. Vance; Kaliyan,   Nalladurai; Tiffany,   Douglas G.; Schmidt,   David R.
Published in Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 26(3): 455‐461, 2010.  American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Corn stover; Economics; GHG emission; Logistics; Roll press compaction; Tub grinding; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91342

The Potential Effects of Climate Change on the Productivity, Costs, and Returns of U.S. Dairy Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Climate change could affect the costs and returns of livestock production by altering the thermal environment of animals thereby affecting animal health, reproduction, and the efficiency by which livestock convert feed into retained products (especially meat and milk).  In the United States, concentrated livestock operations are located in a variety of climatic regions, suggesting that the industry could adapt to future changes in temperature and weather patterns resulting from global warming.   However, this adaption could be costly.  We use nationally representative data on dairy producers coupled with finely-scaled climate data to empirically examine how producers’ costs, returns, and production systems vary across U.S. regions as a function of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Dairy; Temperature humidity index; Economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q5.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103461

Optimal control of a stochastic biological invasion
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chalak,   Morteza; Pannell,   David J.
Although there have been numerous studies on the economics of weed control, relatively few of these studies have focused on natural ecosystems. The aims of this papers are: A) to identify the combination of control options that is optimal for blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans) in Australian natural ecosystems, B) to assess whether an integrated control strategy is superior to chemical-only strategies, C) to evaluate the economic net benefits of specific biologically oriented control methods (a rust and grazing by goats), D) to determine how changes in model parameters affect the optimal control strategy. To address these aims, a stochastic dynamic simulation model and a stochastic dynamic programming model are developed. The results indicate that, while an...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environment; Economics; Weed; Stochastic; Optimisation; Management; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124373

FEASIBILITY OF A SHEEP COOPERATIVE FOR GRAZING LEAFY SPURGE - SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sell,   Randall S.; Nudell,   Daniel J.; Bangsund,   Dean A.; Leistritz,   F. Larry; Faller,   Timothy.
This report presents an economic feasibility study of a 5,000 head, cooperatively owned, sheep operation for leafy spurge control.  The objectives were 1) determine the return on investment of the cooperative, 2) determine the proposed structure of the cooperative, and 3) ascertain the amount of capital investment required by members in the cooperative. Three sheep flock management alternatives were initially considered for the cooperative.  These were 1) winter lambing, 2) spring lambing, and 3) fall lambing.  The fall lambing scenario was determined to be infeasible because of logistics associated with gathering and transportation of pregnant ewes and lack of grazing pressure on leafy spurge throughout the grazing season.   The total capital investment...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Leafy Spurge; Cooperative; Weed Control; Sheep Grazing; Economics; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23201

The effect of tariffs in markets with vertical restraints
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fargeix,   Andre; Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Competition; Economics; Equilibrium; Marketing; Mathematical models; Monopolies; Tariff; Welfare economics; Marketing; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47040

Challenges and Issues in the Next Decade: A Proactive Role for Agricultural and Resource Economists
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armbruster,   Walter J.
Economic and environmental challenges in the global economy raise significant issues that require public policy and private sector attention over the next decade. Price volatility, invasive species, sustainable biofuels production, and climate change all affect our agricultural and resource base and its future. Agricultural and resource economists must provide analyses of public policy and private sector strategies based on innovative research that integrates insights across disciplinary boundaries. Proactive communication of the results to decision makers can make a difference in how these important societal issues are addressed and help to shape the future.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; Environment; Policy research; Communication; Agricultural and Food Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49860

Environmental economics and valuation: towards a practical investment framework for Catchment Management Authorities in New South Wales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farquharson,   Robert J.; Hill,   Christine M.; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.; Tracey,   Jacqueline.
The Catchment Management Authorities in New South Wales have programs that are collectively investing $436 million over four years to achieve catchment-wide natural resource/environmental improvements. In this paper, we consider the question of how to best allocate these resources so as to increase the well-being of the public within catchments and the state. We consider the current approaches used by CMAs and make a case for Benefit-Cost Analysis as an alternative means of assessing ex ante questions of priority setting at the catchment level and for project appraisal. A major issue for BCA is the estimation of potential benefits from project investments, particularly the estimation of values that catchment communities and those living outside the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental; Economics; Choice modelling; Non-use values; Investment framework; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10404

Der biologische Landbau in Österreich – Entwicklungen und Perspektiven
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Freyer,   Bernhard; Eder,   Michael; Schneeberger,   Walter; Darnhofer,   Ika; Kirner,   Leopold; Lindenthal,   Thomas; Zollitsch,   Werner.
Until now, organic farming in Austria saw its largest growth in the period between 1994 and 1998. The following factors all contributed to Austria achieving the highest percentage of organic farms in Europe: the early addition of guidelines for organic crop production and animal husbandry to the Austrian Codex Alimentarius, the government support for organic farms during and after conversion through compensatory payments, favourable market conditions through the entrance of supermarket chains, the establishment of a marketing company, an active policy by the organic associations and the development of advisory services. However, this dynamic development has not persisted in the late nineties. Whether the crises in conventional production will provide...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Production; Economics; Market; Conversion; Direct payments; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98995

The potential contribution of forage shrubs to economic returns and environmental management in Australian dryland agricultural systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Monjardino,   Marta; Revell,   Dean; Pannell,   David J.
In face of climate change and other environmental challenges, inclusion of perennial forage shrubs in Australian agricultural systems has the potential to deliver multiple benefits: increased whole-farm profitability and improved natural resource management. The profitability of shrubs was investigated using MIDAS (Model of an Integrated Dryland Agricultural System), a bio-economic model of a mixed crop/livestock farming system. We found that including forage shrubs could increase farm profitability by over 20% for an optimal 10% of farm area in shrubs. The impact of shrubs on whole-farm profit accrues primarily through the provision of a predictable supply of “out-of-season” feed, thereby reducing supplementary feed costs, and through the deferment of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Whole-farm modelling; Economics; Perennial species; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51537

Final Exam Scores in Introductory Economics Courses: Effect of Course Delivery Method and Proctoring
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wachenheim,   Cheryl J.
There is a small but growing body of research exploring student learning in online courses. The current study compares student performance on the final exam in introductory economics courses taught online and in the classroom and considers the effect of proctoring the final exam. Students who took a course in the classroom did better on a proctored final exam than those taking the course online.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cheating; Economics; Online delivery; Proctored exams; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6890

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR DAIRY COW CULLING MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
Due to a lack of national information about cull dairy cows, the USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy '96 Study investigated culling management practices. Operations included in the study represented 83.1 percent of U.S. milk cows. Most dairy cows were culled for reasons associated with their inability to profitably produce high-quality milk and calves; reasons for culling were not usually related to ill health or systemic disease. Results showed that almost all cull dairy cows in the US are intended for beef slaughter, as only about 4.4 percent were sent to other dairy operations. Nearly 77 percent of cows intended for beef slaughter were sent to markets, auctions, and sale barns, while 22 percent were sent straight to slaughter...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Economics; Culling; Transportation; Milk; Marketing; Disease; Slaughter condemnation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45494

Economics of controlling invasive species: optimal control and stability of ecological-economic system
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chalak,   Morteza; Ruijs,   Arjan; Hemerik,   Lia; van der Werf,   Wopke; van Ierland,   Ekko C.
Natural enemies such as herbivores that are introduced to reduce invasive plants can spill over into nature, threaten indigenous species and impose significant costs. We develop a bioeconomic model to analyse the optimal control management strategy of an introduced herbivore that has spilled over from a managed system to a natural area. Cost-effective control strategies are analysed that reduce the spillover effects of herbivores on endangered plants species to reduce the risk of extinction and increase benefits obtained from the ecosystem. We consider two competing indigenous plant species as the representatives of the plant community. Only one of these species is consumed by introduced herbivore. We show that the optimal level of controlling herbivores...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economics; Biological agent; Externality; Spillover; Control; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124374

ECONOMICS OF BIOMASS GASIFICATION/COMBUSTION AT FUEL ETHANOL PLANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiffany,   Douglas G.; Morey,   R. Vance; De Kam,   Matthew J.
Published in Applied Engineering in Agriculture,  Vol. 25(3): 391‐400
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Biomass; Economics; CHP; Emissions; Process heat; Electricity production; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93632

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART II: BEEF COW/CALF REPRODUCTIVE AND NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. Data for Part II: Nutritional &amp; Reproductive Management Practices, were collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) from beef producers in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states from November 9 through December 4, 1992. These 18 states represented 70 percent of the U.S. beef cow inventory. Participating producers had five or more beef cows or beef replacement heifers and fifty percent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calving; Replacement heifers; Economics; Culling; Disease; Weaning; Identification; Marketing; Supplements; Implants; Nutrition; Parasites; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32766

REFERENCE OF 1996 U.S. SHEEP HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wineland,   Nora.
In 1995, the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collaborated with the Research and Education Division of the American Sheep Industry Association (ASI) in developing a needs assessment tool to identify the most important health and productivity factors for the sheep industry. In collaboration with the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), a statistically designed producer sample was selected to provide estimates for the United States sheep population in the 48 contiguous states. The NAHMS/ASI questionnaires were mailed to 19,807 sheep operations in January 1996; data were received and summarized from 5,174 respondents. It was estimated that in the 48 contiguous states, there were 82,040 operations with sheep as of 1995;...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Sheep; Health; Disease; Death; Morbidity; Mortality; Economics; Predators; Vaccinations; Antibiotics; Income; Worms; Reproduction; Profitability; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32743

Forest resources and rural livelihoods in the north-central regions of Namibia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacGregor,   James; Palmer,   Charles; Barnes,   Johnathon.
Forestry
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Forestry; Markets; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37919

The Pleasures and Pitfalls of Interdisciplinary Research in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duffy,   Patricia A.; Guertal,   Elizabeth A.; Muntifering,   Russell B.
Increasingly, interdisciplinary research is being touted as a way to solve real-life problems of interest to the taxpayers who support research at public universities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the benefits of interdisciplinary agricultural research involving economists and natural scientists, to discuss problems associated with carrying out this type of work and to offer some suggestions on how such research can be facilitated. Mutual trust and ongoing relationships can lead to better timing of collaboration and more satisfaction for all parties. Open communications are also important for success in collaboration. Within the border university environment, it is important for tenure and promotion committees to be able to properly evaluate...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinary research; Agriculture; Economics; Agribusiness; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90414

Cash Wheat Marketing: Strategies for Real People
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brorsen,   B. Wade; Anderson,   Kim B.
A new paradigm is needed in extension marketing programs. Attempts to help producers time the market, either through cask sales or futures trading, appear to be of little benefit. Marketing extension programs need to place less emphasis on outlook and futures trading and more emphasis on simple marketing strategies that people really use. An empirical example of strategies for Oklahoma wheat producers shows selling cash wheat at harvest and participating in government programs as the preferred marketing strategy.  Implications for extension programs in other states are that extension programs can help producers decide whether to store their grain and whether to participate in farm programs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; Efficient markets; Extension; Forward contracts; Hedging; Price analysis; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62351

ECONOMICS AND THE RESUMPTION OF COMMERCIAL WHALING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conrad,   Jon M.; Bjorndal,   Trond.
There is now strong scientific evidence that several species of baleen whale and possibly the sperm whale, have recovered to levels that would support commercial harvest. The stock of fin whales (Balaenoptera physatus) off the eastern coast of Iceland and the minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the Northeast Atlantic, off the coast of Japan and in the Southern Ocean are prime candidates for commercial harvest. Should commercial whaling be resumed? If so, what role should economics play in determining the level of harvest and management policies?  A bioeconomic model for baleen whales is developed and applied to the stock of minke whales in the Northeast Atlantic. A delay-difference equation is used to model the population dynamics and an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Whaling; Rnlnke abide; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7269

The Greening of Development Economics: A Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Mathis,   Mitchell; Nelson,   Peter.
Although ignored for decades, environmental issues now attract considerable attention in the literature on economic development. This paper describes research on environmental issues in seven topic areas that historically have been at the heart of development economics: the role of the state, economic growth, trade and industrialization, relations between rich and poor countries, structural adjustment and stabilization, population change, and the objectives and strategies of development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environment; Development; Economics; Literature review; International Development; B20; N01; O1; O13; Q20.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10662

Forestry in the Next Millennium: Challenges and Opportunities for the USDA Forest Service
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Binkley,   Clark S.
Throughout the globe, forestry faces predictable trends associated with the transition from reliance on natural forests to ones created through human stewardship. Laid over the ordinary economics of this transition are increases in the values of the environmental services that forests provide. The three general approaches to forest management--natural forest management, plantation forest management, and preserve management--are evaluated in this economic context. The USDA Forest Service has interesting opportunities to apply each approach, but doing so will require profound organizational changes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forestry; Forest Service; Economics; Environment; Timber; Forest plantations; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; H41; H42; Q23; Q28.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10912

Economics of controlling a spreading environmental weed
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chalak-Haghighi,   Morteza; Pannell,   David J.
Weeds can cause significant problems to natural ecosystems. Although there have been numerous studies on the economics of weed control, relatively few of these studies have focused on natural ecosystems. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by assessing the cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive range of control strategies for blackberry (Rubus anglocandicans) in natural environments in Australia. We developed a stochastic dynamic simulation model and a deterministic dynamic optimisation model. The stochastic model calculates the expected net present value (NPV) of a range of control strategies, including any combination of treatment options. The optimisation model identifies the treatment combination that maximises NPV. Both models represent the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environment; Economics; Weed; Stochastic; Optimisation; Management; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58886

2010 Michigan Dairy Farm Business Analysis Summary
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wittenberg,   Eric; Wolf,   Christopher A.
This report summarizes the financial and production records of 90 dairy farms from throughout Michigan in 2010. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from milk and dairy animal sales. The records came from Michigan State University’s TelFarm project and the Farm Credit Service system in Michigan. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. The average herd included here is larger than would be the average dairy herd in Michigan. Average values are reported in the summary tables and discussion that follows but one should be aware that considerable variation across herds exists in virtually every measure.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Economics; Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Production Economics; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119115

PUBLIC SECTOR PLANT BREEDING IN A PRIVATIZING WORLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thirtle,   Colin G.; Srinivasan,   Chittur S.; Heisey,   Paul W.
Intellectual property protection, globalization, and pressure on public budgets in many industrialized countries have shifted the balance of plant breeding activity from the public to the private sector. Several economic factors influence the relative shares of public versus private sector plant breeding activity, with varying results over time, over country, and over crop. The private sector, for example, dominates corn breeding throughout the industrialized world, but public and private activities in wheat breeding differ widely in Western Europe, different regions of the United States, Canada, and Australia. Public sector involvement in plant breeding may have benefits to society that the private sector's activities may not, fostering greater sharing of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Plant breeding; Economics; Public sector; Private sector; Research policy; Biotechnology; Intellectual property; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33775

MARKETING PRACTICES IN BEEF COW-CALF OPERATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Beef '97 Study collected data on the marketing practices of 2,713 beef cow-calf producers representing 85.7% of all beef cows as of January 1, 1997, in 23 leading cow-calf states. Of the operations included in the study, 67.4% sold steer calves, and 52.1% sold heifer calves for slaughter in the year preceding the study. By number of operations, auction was the most common method of selling steers (84.9% of operations) and private treaty was the second most popular marketing method (10.4% of operations). By number of steers sold, private treaty was the most common marketing method. For operations selling either steer or heifer calves, smaller operations were more likely to use auctions as a marketing...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Weaning; Auctions; Income; Forward pricing; Futures contracts; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32793

Can the Private Sector be Competitive and Contribute to Development through Sustainable Agricultural Business? A Case Study of Coffee in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kilian,   Bernard; Pratt,   Lawrence; Jones,   Connie; Villalobos,   Andres.
Latin America's coffee market continues in economic crisis. Sustainable coffee production and certification is one option for economic recuperation and social and environmental sustainability for the region's coffee producers. This paper explores four viable certification processes (Organic, Fair Trade, Rainforest Alliance, and Utz Kapeh) by first defining their requirements. Then, an assessment of microeconomic impacts is given, where the production processes of sustainable and conventional coffee are evaluated and compared. Finally, the paper presents their future relevance and entrepreneurial potential by considering long-term market perspectives. Information about sustainable production in Latin America was gathered through primary sources in...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Sustainable coffee; Certification; Economics; Central America; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8149

Ecotourism/Wildlife based Tourism as Contributor to Nature Conservation with Reference to Vanni, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
After discussing definitions of ecotourism, outlines possible economic and conservational benefits from developing ecotourism or wildlife-based tourism. Identifies possible economic benefits for local communities but also outlines possible economic costs to such communities. Observations are made on the potential of developing ecotourism in the Giant’s Tank/Mannar area. A sufficient market does not always exist for wildlife-based tourism to make it economically viable. Therefore, market analysis should be undertaken before promoting the development of wildlife-based tourism in a locality. A checklist is provided to give some guidance in market appraisal. It is observed that even non-consumptive wildlife-based tourism can have adverse environmental...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Ecotourism; Local communities; Nature conservation; Sri Lanka; Wildlife-based tourism.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48956

The Law and Economics of Geographical Indications: Introduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Herrmann,   Roland; Marauhn,   Thilo.
The granting and promotion of Geographic Indicators has become an important component of European Union agricultural policy. The granting of exclusive rights enforced by law, however, is a controversial policy. It is controversial both within the EU and with the EU’s trading partners. The protection of geographical indications has thus become a major issue in international law and trade policy, and the widespread use of geographical indications is subject to ongoing discussion. The paper provides an introduction to the Special Section of the Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, which deals with the legal and economic controversies surrounding the EU’s policies on Geographic Indicators. A brief summary of each of the papers in the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; European Union; Geographic Indicators; Law; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48789

NSW Great Artesian Basin water market assessment pre and post auction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schalk,   Tara; Hill,   Christine M.; Flavel,   Noel J.
The NSW Cap &amp; Pipe the Bores Program is a jointly funded Commonwealth and State initiative that operates within the Australian Government's Great Artesian Basin Sustainability Initiative framework. Under the Water Sharing Plan for the NSW Great Artesian Basin Groundwater Sources 2008, 70 per cent of the water savings made since 1999 shall be retained in the aquifers of the Basin to improve pressures and provide for groundwater dependent ecosystems. The remaining 30 per cent of the water savings may be released to extractive users over the term of the Water Sharing Plan to facilitate the continued economic and social welfare of regional western NSW. As the first step in this water release, part of the water savings from the Cap &amp; Pipe the Bores...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water auction; Economics; Great Artesian Basin; Groundwater; Cap &amp; Pipe the Bores; Water Sharing Plan.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59157

ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF CAP-AND-TRADE CLIMATE POLICY ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS: A POLICY SIMULATION WITH FARMER PREFERENCES AND ADAPTATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible local impacts of cap-and-trade climate policy on agricultural producers in the Northern Plains. This study explicitly considers farmer behavior with respect to agricultural opportunity in carbon offset provision and ability of adaptation to mitigate the production cost impact under a cap-and-trade climate policy. Based on empirically estimated farmer behavior models, a policy simulation with agricultural census data identifies farmer acreage enrollment in carbon offset provision, carbon offset supplies and revenues, the production cost impacts of carbon prices, and impacts on net farm income and their distributions among heterogeneous farmers. Our analysis find that: 1) farmer ex ante preferences in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas; Cap-and-trade; Climate change; Agricultural impact; Economics; Carbon offsets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91278

A Comparison of Grassland Management Systems for Beef Cattle Using Self-Contained Farmlets: Effects of Contrasting Nitrogen Inputs and Management Strategies on the Farm Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laws,   J.A.; Williams,   Robert J.; Pain,   B.F.
The financial implications of manipulating nitrogen (N) inputs and management strategies for beef production systems were assessed. One-hectare grassland farmlets were grazed to a target sward height by beef steers; herbage surplus to grazing requirements was cut for silage. Three systems were compared: ‘CN’, conventional mineral N application to a grass monoculture and broadcast slurry; ‘TN’, tactical mineral N application at fortnightly intervals to a grass monoculture with slurry injection and the early housing of cattle; ‘GC’, a mixed grass/white clover sward with no mineral N addition and slurry injection. Comparisons were made on two contrasting soil types: a freely-draining sandy loam (site 1) and a poorly drained clay (site 2). Financial budgets...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmlets; Systems; Beef cattle; Nitrogen; Slurry; Animal production; Economics; UK; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6962

Partial Factor Productivity, Agronomic Efficiency, and Economic Analyses of Maize in Wheat-Maize Cropping System in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amanullah; Almas,   Lal K.
Getting maximum benefits from cereals do not lie in reducing N-rate and its number of splits but lowering cost per unit cereal production through higher yields. Field experiments were conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) at the New Developmental research Farm of NWFP (Northwest Frontier Province) Agricultural University Peshawar-Pakistan during 2002-03 and 2003-04 in order to investigate effects of variable rates of N and its time of application on the partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), net returns (NR), value-cost ratio (VCR) and marginal returns (MR). The 2 x 3 x 6 factorial experiment was designed having two plant densities (D1 = 60,000 and D2 = 100,000 plants ha-1) and three N levels (N1 = 60, N2 = 120 and N3 = 180 kg N ha-1)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Zea mays L.; Planting density; Nitrogen; Agronomic efficiency; Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46747

Economics of alternative growth path, time of calving and breed type combinations across southern Australian beef cattle environments: grass finishing at the Victorian experimental site
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Graham,   John G.; Quinn,   Helen; Davies,   Brian Lloyd; Griffith,   Garry R.
The Beef CRC “Regional Combinations” project and its biophysical outcomes have been described in a range of journal articles and project reports. In this project, different combinations of beef cattle genetics, growth/nutritional pathways and calving seasons were examined across a number of sites in southern Australia for achievement of targeted market specifications. The information provided in these papers and reports allows identification and evaluation of the most profitable regional beef cattle production systems. The focus of this paper is on the Victorian experimental site, where the cattle were finished to slaughter weight on pasture. A range of breed types was included with emphasis on high retail beef yield and high intramuscular fat. Two...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Breed; Growth path; Economics; Evaluation; Australia; Farm Management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121468

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLING LEAFY SPURGE WITH SHEEP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bangsund,   Dean A.; Nudell,   Daniel J.; Sell,   Randall S.; Leistritz,   F. Larry.
Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.), a widely established exotic, noxious, perennial weed, is a major threat to rangeland and wildland in the Upper Great Plains.  Chemical, biological, and cultural control methods have limitations in their applicability and effectiveness in treating leafy spurge.  However, many of the constraints prohibiting the use of herbicides, tillage, and biological controls do not apply to sheep grazing.  Sheep grazing, while known to be effective in controlling leafy spurge since the 1930s, has lacked widespread adoption as a leafy spurge control.  A deterministic, bioeconomic model, incorporating relationships between sheep grazing and leafy spurge control, grass recovery, and forage use by cattle, was developed to evaluate the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Leafy Spurge; Weed Control; Sheep Grazing; Economics; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23113

Demand for High-value Secondary Crops in Developing Countries: The Case of Potatoes in Bangladesh and Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bouis,   Howarth E.; Scott,   Gregory.
Secondary crops are of increasing interest to policymakers and planners in developing countries because of a desire to diversify economic activities and because of their proven potential to raise farm incomes and rural employment. To assess this potential, basic information on the demand characteristics for these crops is required. But, given the large number of possible crops to be studied, policy analysts require an estimation procedure that is less data-intensive and time-intensive than standard econometric estimation procedures. In this paper, a relatively new, low-cost procedure, based on demand for food characteristics, is applied, illustrating its usefulness for analysis of demand for potatoes in Bangladesh and Pakistan. In Asia, the potato should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Methodology; Pakistan; Potatoes; Economic aspects; Crop diversification; Price Maintenance; Asia; Bangladesh; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97300

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART V: QUALITY ASSURANCE PROFILE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with USDA:APHIS:VS to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences about the nation's cow/calf population. Data for Part V: Quality Assurance Profile were collected by federal and state veterinary officers (VMO's) in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states between January 1 and January 31, 1994. The average...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calves; Weaning; Value; Economics; Disease; Scours; Calf crop; Mortality; Calving problems; Parasites; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32767

Sustainable financing of protected areas in Cambodia: Phnom Aural and Phnom Samkos wildlife sanctuaries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grieg-Gran,   Maryanne; de la Harpe,   Derek; McGinley,   John; MacGregor,   James; Bond,   Ivan.
In order to increase protected area revenue, and as part of a drive for national economic development, the Cambodian government is starting to issue economic concessions in 'sustainable development zones' of of protected areas. The Phnom Aural and Phnom Samkos wildlife sanctuaries cover nearly 600,000 ha and are important for biodiversity conservation and environmental services. They are home to about 30,000 people who rely on subsistence agriculture, cattle raising, and collection of non-timber forest products for their livelihoods. Under the Cardamom Mountains Wildlife Sanctuaries Project, a joint project of the Cambodian Ministry of Environment and Fauna and Flora International, zoning plans have been developed for both sanctuaries through participatory...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Markets; Economics; Natural Resources; Cambodia; Wildlife; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37920

Managing Dairy Heifer Growth Investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolf,   Christopher A.; Hadrich,   Joleen C.; Vandehaar,   M.J.
Accelerated prepubertal growth rates can lower heifer raising costs but may put heifers at risk for impaired mammary development and have been found to be detrimental decreased to milk production in the first lactation. The tradeoff between heifer raising costs and milk production loss is examined in a capital budgeting model. Monthly annuity net present value of a heifer investment through the first lactation is assessed for heifers calving at 20, 22, 24, 26 and 28 months of age. A 24 mo AFC base case strategy with 9009.5 kg subsequent first lactation milk yields $7.34 in returns per month. Accelerated growth resulted in higher returns ($12.77/mo for 20 mo AFC; $9.86/mo for 22 mo AFC) when milk production is not affected as total raising costs decline...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Heifer growth; Economics; Investment; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7429

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-PRODUCING U.S. DAIRY HERDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Animal Health Monitoring Systems (NAHMS) Dairy +96 Study of dairy herds in 20 states examined herd management practices that varied between high-producing (top 25%) and low-producing (bottom 25%) U.S. dairy herds. Only 100% Holstein herds were included in the study. Within four size categories (30-99 cows, 100-199 cows, 200-499 cows, 500 or more cows) herds were ranked by milk production per cow. High-producing herds were more likely to use Dairy Herd Improvement Association records or an on-farm computer system than low-producing herds. High-producing herds were also more likely to feed a total mixed ration, use forage test results in balancing feed rations, use bovine somatotropin (bST) and/or systematic prostaglandins, and vaccinate against...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Economics; Holsteins; Production; Diseases; Vaccinations; Culling; Feed; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32750

DOWN MARKET EFFECTS IN BEEF COW-CALF HERDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
In 1995 and 1996, prices for weaned calves were at the lowest point for the current cattle market cycle. The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Beef ,97 Study examined the effects of the down market on beef cow-calf herd management practices. Most producers did not alter management practices in response to the down market. Among producers who made changes, costs were cut largely in the area of herd health management. Specific management practices in which costs were cut included decreases in use of vaccinations (7.4% of operations), herd medications (7.7% of operations), individual cow medications (5.0% of operations), and veterinary services (14.1% of operations). Other ways that producers altered management practices in response to the down...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Vaccinations; Medications; Veterinarians; Culling; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32794

Methods of Change and Financial Performance of Dairy Farms Before and After a Switch to Management Intensive Grazing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Philip Eugene.
Interest in Management Intensive Grazing (MIG) of dairy cattle has increased during the last 2 decades. Most dairy producers utilizing MIG were former confinement or non-intensive pasture operations while the others started their operation with MIG. While research publications tout the financial and other benefits of MIG, often comparing them to non-MIG dairies, and anecdotal evidence in popular farm press has shown MIG in a favorable light, comparing a MIG dairy farm to itself before and after the management switch has not been a subject of research scrutiny. Knowing the potential impact of a switch to MIG prior to making a management decision to do so would be a significant piece of information for a dairy farm to understand if contemplating such a...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Dairy; Grazing; Economics; Pasture; Management; Farm; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Q10; Q12; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56008

Economic Impacts of Establishing Short Rotation Woody Crops to Support Energy Production in Minnesota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lazarus,   William F.; Tiffany,   Douglas G.
The utilization of short rotation woody crops (SRWC) to produce wood on marginal crop and pasture land could greatly enhance the production of wood for various uses in Minnesota with utilization for energy being of current interest. SRWC involves the more intensive application of inputs on more valuable land than naturally regenerated forests that currently supply the bulk of the forest products industry in Minnesota. Breeding efforts to improve productivity and disease resistance in hybrid poplar species are making the technology of SRWC competitive with agricultural uses of marginal land. This study models the economic impact of a potential shift in use of the land resource by replacing production of hay and pasture that provides feed for cow-calf beef...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hybrid Poplar; SRWC; IMPLAN; Economics; Energy; Ethanol; OSB; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46869

Hedging with a housing starts futures contract
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berck,   Peter; Rosen,   Kenneth T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Equilibrium; Future trading.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43307

Adjustment under different trade strategies: a mean-variance analysis with a CGE model of the Yugoslav economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Irma; Berck,   Peter; Labus,   Miroljub; Vujovic,   Dusan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Commerce; Economics; Equilibrium; Sam.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43667

Measuring the Value of Changes in Ecosystem Services from Agriculture: Economic Contributions to Multidisciplinary Research (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinton,   Scott M.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58990

Managing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrients for Switchgrass Produced for Bioenergy Feedstock in Phosphorus-Deficient Soil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haque,   Mohua; Biermacher,   Jon T.; Kering,   Maru K.; Guretzky,   John A.
There is limited information available explaining the agronomic and economic relationships between yield and nitrogen and phosphorus applications to growing switchgrass produced in phosphorus-deficient soils.  The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on feedstock yield and measures of expected total cost, gross revenue, net return, and breakeven price of feedstock  produced in phosphorus-deficient soils in the southern Great Plains. Data were collected from a three-year, two-location agronomic field study conducted in south-central Oklahoma. Two discrete nitrogen treatments (0 and 134 kg ha-1) and four discrete phosphorus treatments (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) were randomly assigned to small plots...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioenergy feedstock; Economics; Phosphorus-deficient soils; Nitrogen; Switchgrass; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119765

Trade-offs between conflicting animal welfare concerns and cow replacement strategy in out-wintering Scottish suckler herds
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vosough Ahmadi,   Bouda; Morgan,   Colin A.; Stott,   Alistair W.
Since decoupling of the CAP, many Scottish suckler cow farms are facing financial difficulties. In response, many farmers are out-wintering extensively managed suckler cows to minimise production costs. These systems are of animal welfare concern. A range of trade-offs between animal welfare indicators and between animal welfare and farm profitability can be identified. A Dynamic Programming (DP) model was developed to study these trade-offs. Two herds were modelled assuming their feeding regimes were either low (LHERD) or high (HHERD). The objective of the DP was to maximise the expected net margin from a current cow and its successors over an infinite time horizon. Preliminary results showed that the rate of voluntary culling was higher in HHERD than in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef cow; Economics; Dynamic programming; Animal welfare; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51078

How Would Cap-and-Trade Climate Policy Affect Agricultural Producers in North Dakota? An Economic Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
The purpose of this study is to examine the possible impacts of cap-and-trade climate policy on agricultural producers in North Dakota.  In this study, we focused on carbon sequestration potential and production cost impacts of carbon prices, and explicitly considered farmer preferences and adaptation behavior to estimate the benefits and costs of greenhouse gas cap-and-trade.  Based on empirically estimated farmer behavior models, a policy simulation with agricultural census data identified farmer acreage allocation for carbon sequestration, carbon offset supplies and revenues, the production cost impacts of carbon prices, and impacts on net farm income and their distributions among heterogeneous farmers.  Our analysis found that: 1) farmer ex ante...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cap-and-trade; Climate change; Agricultural impacts; Economics; Carbon sequestration; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98170

Identifying the Impact of Weather Variation on Crop Yield in the Northern Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Weather; Production; Crop yield; Agriculture; Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104508

On the Economics of Precision Agriculture: Technical, Informational and Environmental Aspects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anvec,   Tihomir; Whelan,   Brett; McBratney,   Alex.
The paper presents an integrated framework of biophysical and economic modelling as a novel approach towards precision agriculture research. A theoretical economic model determining the optimal number of precision agriculture management units within a given field of land is presented. The model is expanded to account for the value of the research information provided be the precision agriculture researchers. Since the inherent environmental values associated with precision agriculture are often omitted from the economic analysis, an attempt is made to incorporate these values into the model. The versions of the model are empirically tested using the data available.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economics; Precision agriculture; Environment; Information; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58362

A HAZAI MEZŐGAZDASÁGI VÁLLALKOZÁSOK MENEDZSMENTJE EURÓPAI ÖSSZEHASONLÍTÁSBAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szekely,   Csaba; Palinkas,   Peter.
Az Európai Unió versenykörnyezete a mezőgazdasági vállalkozások gazdálkodásának színvonalát tekintve is megközelítően azonos feltételeket kíván meg az egyes országok gazdasági szereplőitől. Ebben a tekintetben a magyar gazdaságok – rövid, másfél évtizedes múltjuk következtében – sok szempontból hátrányosabb helyzetűek a régebbi tagállamok gazdaságaihoz, és részben az egy időben csatlakozott országok mezőgazdasági vállalkozásaihoz képest, annak ellenére, hogy a „nagyüzemi” gazdálkodás időszakában még sok helyen mintának tekintették mezőgazdasági üzemeink gazdálkodási, szervezési gyakorlatát. A tervezés, szervezés, gazdálkodás magas színvonala a múltban gyökerezett és folyamatosan megújult: több évszázadra vezethető vissza a gazdálkodással foglalkozó...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Menedzsment; Gazdálkodás; Finanszírozás; Kooperáció; EU összehasonlításmanagement; Economics; Finance; Cooperation; EU comparisons; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57717

Gastrointestinal Parasites in Free-Range Chicken Raised under Extensive System from the Northeast of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Saraiva,DJ; Campina,ACC; Gonçalves,FCS; Melo-Viegas,D; Santos,ACG; Nogueira,RMS; Costa,AP.
ABSTRACT Brazilian poultry production is growing, mainly due to the cost and benefit that chicken meat provides. The importance of free-range chickens and the susceptibility, to which they are exposed, makes it necessary to know about gastrointestinal parasites and the consequences that large infections can cause for them as such as weight loss. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in free-range hens raised in an extensive regime in the municipality of Santa Rita, state of Maranhão, Brazil. The studied population was composed of adult chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) acquired from slaughterhouses in the region. The gastrointestinal organs of each chicken were separated and subsequently conditioned in flasks...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cestoda; Economics; Gallus gallus domesticus; Helminthe fauna; Nematoda.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2021000100315

Evolution and perspective of the temperate fruit crops in São Paulo state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: Tecchio,Marco Antonio; Bettiol Neto,José Emilio; Barbosa,Wilson; Tucci,Maria Luiza Sant'ana.
This work was carried out to show the current situation of the temperate fruit crops in São Paulo state, Brazil, with an emphasis on grapes, peaches, apples, plums, nectarines and pears crops. Current economic data of crops, major growing regions, main cultivars produced, as well as the new technologies generated by research are presented. Regarding the grape crop, a decrease in the national production as well as in the major growing states was observed. The main grapes growing centers in São Paulo state are presented, highlighting its peculiarities regarding cultivars, cultural crop management and current researches. A trend has been observed toward increasing Niagara Rosada grape growing area rather than the fine table grape cultivars. It was also...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Temperate fruit crops; Economics; Diagnosis; Cultural management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452011000500018

Improving grassland profitability in the Mid-continental USA by breeding for improved forage digestibility: lessons learned and applications to South American grasslands
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Vogel,Kenneth Paul; Miranda,Cesar Heraclides Behling.
In the early 1970's research was initiated by the cooperative USDA-ARS and University of Nebraska grass breeding program to develop perennial grasses adapted to the mid-continental USA with improved forage quality. The initial breeding and animal evaluation work focused on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) but has since expanded to several other warm-and cool-season perennial grasses. The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) test was selected as the measure of forage quality that was used in the breeding work because of its previous successful application on improving bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon). In all of the grass species that we have studied to date, there is genetic variability for IVDMD and forage yield. IVDMD is a heritable trait with narrow...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Digestibility; Economics; Forage; Grasses; Pasture; Quality.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982009001300017

การเคลื่อนไหวทางเศรษฐกิจภาคเกษตรกรรมของประเทศไทย
Provedor de dados: 106
Palavras-chave: Economic dynamics; Agricultural business; Thailand; Economics; ข้าวโพด; เศรษฐกิจภาคการเกษตร.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/4439

Accuracy and precision of phytonematode sampling plans
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Abd-Elgawad, Mahfouz Mohamed Mostafa.
Sampling accuracy and precision are basic to nematode research and rational management decision. Taylor's Power Law is used to determine sample size. The published power law parameters are used here differently to define levels of reliability associated with a fixed, cost-determined, sample size. Such levels may provide the decision-maker with more informative data on sampling methods and their reliabilities. Instead of solving for unknown sample number, the rearranged equation to solve for sampling accuracy permitted the use of exact Student’s t-values. The t-values for confidence limits and standard normal variate were used. Both statistical techniques resulted in identical confidence band, in terms of being below, at, or above the economic threshold...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Action thresholds; Berseem clover; Citrus; Economics; Nematode distribution; Rice.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4371

Economic analysis of cucumber and lettuce intercropping under greenhouse in the winter-spring
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Rezende,Bráulio L. A; Cecílio Filho,Arthur B; Barros Júnior,Aurélio P; Porto,Diego R. Q; Martins,Maria Inez E. G.
The economical analysis complements the evaluation of the intercrop systems efficiency, considering besides the physical production of crops, the price of products according to their quality classification and time of the year. Intercropping systems of lettuce and cucumber in two plant populations under greenhouse were economically evaluated in winter-spring, in Jaboticabal City, São Paulo State, Brazil. The total operating cost (TOC) of cucumber and lettuce as sole crop and intercropping were estimated, as well as gross revenue (GR) and operating profit (OP). The labor for the crops was the component with greater participation in the TOC of crops in intercropping and single crop. Greater GR and OP were observed in intercrops established by transplanting...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lactuca sativa; Cucumis sativus; Economics; Agronomic efficiency.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652011000200028

Acid and enzymatic hydrolysis to recover reducing sugars from cassava bagasse: an economic study
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Woiciechowski,Adenise Lorenci; Nitsche,Saul; Pandey,Ashok; Soccol,Carlos Ricardo.
The objective of this work was to study the acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of cassava bagasse for the recovery of reducing sugars and to establish the operational costs. A statistical program "Statistica", based on the surface response was used to optimize the recovery of reducing sugars in both the processes. The process economics was determined considering the values of reducing sugars obtained at laboratory scale, and the operations costs of a cylindrical reactor of 1500 L, with flat walls at the top and bottom. The reactor was operated with 150 kg of cassava bagasse and 1350 kg of water. The yield of the acid hydrolysis was 62.4 g of reducing sugars from 100 g of cassava bagasse containing 66% starch. It represented 94.5% of reducing sugar recovery. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cassava bagasse; Hydrolysis; Acid; Enzyme; Reducing sugars; Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000300018

Early switch/early discharge opportunities for hospitalized patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus complicated skin and soft tissue infections in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Furtado,Guilherme H.; Rocha,Jaime; Hayden,Ricardo; Solem,Caitlyn; Macahilig,Cynthia; Tang,Wing Yu; Chambers,Richard; Figueiredo,Maria Lavínea Novis de; Johnson,Courtney; Stephens,Jennifer; Haider,Seema.
ABSTRACT  Background: Early antibiotic switch and early discharge protocols have not been widely studied in Latin America. Our objective was to describe real-world treatment patterns, resource use, and estimate opportunities for early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics and early discharge for patients hospitalized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus complicated skin and soft-tissue infections.  Materials/methods: This retrospective medical chart review recruited 72 physicians from Brazil to collect data from patients hospitalized with documented methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus complicated skin and soft tissue infections between May 2013 and May 2015, and discharged alive by June 2015. Data collected included clinical...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: IV-to-PO switch; Length of stay; Clinical criteria; Antibiotic therapy; Economics.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000200086

Grain Quality, Nutrient use Efficiency, and Bioeconomics of Maize under Different Sowing Methods and NPK Levels
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Rehman,Abdul; Farrukh Saleem,M; Ehsan Safdar,Muhammad; Hussain,Safdar; Akhtar,Naeem.
Finding more efficient ways to fertilize crops will reduce N losses and increase nutrient uptake. A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, during 2006 and repeated in 2007. The crop was planted in three different geometrical arrangements, viz. flat sowing (rows spaced 75 cm), ridge sowing (ridges spaced 75 cm), and strip planting (double row strips spaced 120 cm with 30 cm between rows in a strip); NPK was applied in four different combinations (0-0-0 control, 200-100-100 low dose,250-125-125 medium dose, and 300-150-150 high dose kg ha-1). Both fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) and N use efficiency (NUE) were significantly lower with the high fertilizer dose (300-150-150 kg NPK ha-1)...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient; NPK; Efficiency; Economics; Planting methods; Maize.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000400014

A comparative cost analysis for using compost derived from anaerobic digestion as a peat substitute in a commercial plant nursery
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Restrepo,Adriana P; García García,José; Moral,Raúl; Vidal,Fernando; Pérez-Murcia,María D; Bustamante,María Á; Paredes,Concepción.
A.P. Restrepo, J. Garcia-Garcia, R. Moral, F. Vidal, M.D. Pérez-Murcia, M.A. Bustamante, and C. Paredes. 2013. A comparative cost analysis for using compost derived from anaerobic digestion as a peat substitute in a commercial plant nursery. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2): 253-264. The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of using compost made from anaerobically digested cattle slurries in a commercial nursery. Using a comparative cost analysis, commercial peat substrate growing media has been partially substituted with increasing proportions of compost (25, 50 and 75% v/v of compost). This experiment was intended to establish the conditions under which the use of these composts is feasible and competitive relative to commercial peat, at both...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Anaerobic digestion; Costs; Economics; Growing media; Peat; Seedling production.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200002