Consulta: subjectFacets:"Ecosystem"
Registros recuperados: 60
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 05:55:39

Developmental Disorders as Pathological Resilience Domains
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wallace, Rodrick; ; wallace@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu.
Ecosystem resilience theory permits novel exploration of developmental psychiatric and chronic physical disorders. Structured psychosocial stress, and similar noxious exposures, can write distorted images of themselves onto child growth, and, if sufficiently powerful, adult development as well, initiating a punctuated life course trajectory to characteristic forms of comorbid mind/body dysfunction. For an individual, within the linked network of broadly cognitive psysiological and mental subsystems, this occurs in a manner almost exactly similar to resilience domain shifts affecting a stressed ecosystem, suggesting that reversal or palliation may often be exceedingly difficult. Thus resilience theory may contribute significant new perspectives to the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Chronic disease; Cognition; Comorbidity; Developmental disorder; Ecosystem; Resilience.
Ano: 2008

Sustainable Development of the Boreal Forest: Interaction of Ecological, Social, and Business Feedbacks
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Chapin, F. Stuart; University of Alaska; fffsc@aurora.uaf.edu; Whiteman, Gail; Queen's University; whiteman@nsi-ins.ca.
Humans are an integral component of ecosystems, just as the products of ecosystems are critical to social systems. To understand the future state of the boreal forest, we must understand the ecological, social, economic, and business interactions that link ecological and social systems into a common regional system, as well as the feedbacks that govern changes in these interactions. We analyze the negative feedbacks that promoted a sustainable interaction between ecological and social systems prior to the development of business systems, which are dominated by positive feedbacks that have reduced the sustainability of the boreal system. We suggest a minimum set of interactions that are required to improve the sustainability of a business-based boreal system.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Boreal forest; Business; Consumerism; Ecosystem; Feedback; Social system; Sustainability.
Ano: 1998

Resilience and Restoration of Lakes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Carpenter, Stephen R; University of Wisconsin-Madison; srcarpen@wisc.edu; Cottingham, Kathryn L; ; cottingh@nceas.ucsb.edu.
Lake water quality and ecosystem services are normally maintained by several feedbacks.  Among these are nutrient retention and humic production by wetlands, nutrient retention and woody habitat production by riparian forests, food web structures that cha nnel phosphorus to consumers rather than phytoplankton, and biogeochemical mechanisms that inhibit phosphorus recycling from sediments.  In degraded lakes, these resilience mechanisms are replaced by new ones that connect lakes to larger, regional economi c and social systems.  New controls that maintain degraded lakes include runoff from agricultural and urban areas, absence of wetlands and riparian forests, and changes in lake food webs and biogeochemistry that channel phosphorus to blooms of nuisance...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecological economics; Ecosystem; Eutrophication; Lake; Resilience; Restoration; Watershed.
Ano: 1997

Change and Identity in Complex Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cumming, Graeme S; University of Florida; cummingg@wec.ufl.edu; Collier, John; University of KwaZulu-Natal; collierj@ukzn.ac.za.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Resilience; Identity; Adaptive cycle; Limitation; Replacement; Random walk; Evolution; Ecosystem; Economy; Society; Social-ecological system; Metamodels.
Ano: 2005

Endangered species management and ecosystem restoration: finding the common ground
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Casazza, Michael L; U.S. Geological Survey; mike_casazza@usgs.gov; Overton, Cory T; U.S. Geological Survey; coverton@usgs.gov; Bui, Thuy-Vy D; U.S. Geological Survey; tbui@usgs.gov; Hull, Joshua M; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of California, Davis; josh_hull@fws.gov; Albertson, Joy D; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Joy_Albertson@fws.gov; Bloom, Valary K; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Recovery Branch; valary_bloom@fws.gov; Bobzien, Steven; East Bay Regional Park District; sbobzien@ebparks.org; McBroom, Jennifer; Invasive Spartina Project; jtmcbroom@spartina.org; Latta, Marilyn; California State Coastal Conservancy; marilyn.latta@scc.ca.gov; Olofson, Peggy; San Francisco Estuary Invasive Spartina Project; prolofson@spartina.org; Rohmer, Tobias M; Invasive Spartina Project; Olofson Environmental Inc.; toby@spartina.org; Schwarzbach, Steven; U.S. Geological Survey; steven_schwarzbach@usgs.gov; Strong, Donald R; Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis; drstrong@ucdavis.edu; Grijalva, Erik; University of California, Davis; ekgrijalva@ucdavis.edu; Wood, Julian K; Point Blue Conservation Science; jwood@pointblue.org; Skalos, Shannon M; U.S. Geological Survey; sskalos@usgs.gov; Takekawa, John; National Audubon Society; jtakekawa@audubon.org.
Management actions to protect endangered species and conserve ecosystem function may not always be in precise alignment.  Efforts to recover the California Ridgway&amp;#8217;s Rail (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus; hereafter, California rail), a federally and state-listed species, and restoration of tidal marsh ecosystems in the San Francisco Bay estuary provide a prime example of habitat restoration that has conflicted with species conservation.  On the brink of extinction from habitat loss and degradation, and non-native predators in the 1990s, California rail populations responded positively to introduction of a non-native plant, Atlantic cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora).  California rail populations were in substantial decline when the non-native Spartina...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Endangered; Restoration; California Ridgway&amp;#8217; S Rail; Spartina.
Ano: 2016

Океанографические условия и экологические проблемы Керченского пролива
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Еремеев, В. Н.; Иванов, В. А.; Ильин, Ю. П.
Изложены основные особенности океанографического режима Керченского пролива, в том числе ветрового волнения, колебаний уровня моря, системы течений и водообмена, ледового режима, гидрохимических условий, транспорта наносов. Выделены существующие и потенциальные экологические проблемы, связанные с зарегулированием водообмена через пролив. Это дает основу для предварительного качественного анализа возможных последствий антропогенного вмешательства в сложную морскую экосистему, в частности – строительства дамбы в Тузлинской промоине.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Экосистема; Керченский пролив; Ветровое волнение; Уровень моря; Течения; Водообмен; Ледовый режим; Транспорт наносов; Эвтрофикация; Ecosystem; The Kerch Strait; Wind disturbance; Sea level; Currents; Water exchange; Ice; Alluviums transport; Eutrophication Eutrophication Ice Water exchange Sea level Eutrophication Ice Sea level http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2734 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3782 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34115.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/150

Seagrass ecosystems
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Phillips, R. C.; Milchakova, N. A.
The seagrass ecosystem is defined as a unit of biological organization comprised of interacting biotic and abiotic components. The structural components are shelter and food and feeding pathways and biodiversity. Functional components include the rate of nutrient cycling, the rate of energy flow, and biological regulation. Healthy intact seagrass ecosystems provide services since they relate to the health, stability and well-being of the environment in which they live, but also to that of human populations.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Seagrass; Ecosystem; Production; Nutrient cycling; Energy flow; Biological regulation; Ecosystem services; Морские травы; Экосистема; Поток энергии; Биологическая регуляция; Экосистемные услуги Ecosystems Energy flow Ecosystems Energy flow http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2482 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2569.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/42

Проблема переноса водных организмов судами и некоторые подходы к оценке риска новых инвазий
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Александров, Б. Г.
Сделан обзор проблемы переселения водных организмов в Мировом океане с балластными водами судов. Представлены предварительные результаты базовых биологических исследований в акватории Одесского порта в рамках Международной программы (IMO/GEF/UNDP) «ГлоБалласт» по выявлению экзотических видов. Анализируется метод оценки риска инвазий с балластными водами судов в портовые акватории. Обосновываются некоторые рекомендации по его совершенствованию. Обсуждаются некоторые подходы к прогнозированию видового состава вероятных вселенцев на примере экосистемы северо-западной части Черного моря.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Балластные воды; Инвазия; Вселенцы; Экосистема; Черное море; Оценка риска; Ballast water; Invasion; Introduced species; Ecosystem; Black Sea; Risk assessment Ecosystems Introduced species Ecosystems http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2482.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/63

Современные междисциплинарные модели экосистемы Черного моря
Provedor de dados: 13
Autores: Иванов, В. А.; Любарцева, С. П.; Михайлова, Э. Н.; Шапиро, Н. Б.
Обсуждается наш опыт моделирования экосистемы Черного моря. Трехкомпонентная модель экосистемы (планктон, биоген, детрит) объединяется с трехмерной гидротермодинамической моделью для исследования причинно-следственных связей между вынуждающими физическими силами и биогеохимической изменчивостью в приустьевой зоне Дуная. С учетом механизма физического переноса, фотосинтеза, смертности планктона, оседания и реминерализации детрита решаются уравнения типа адвекция-диффузия-реакция. Чтобы изучить влияние метеорологических условий на состояние экосистемы, было проведено три численных эксперимента: при отсутствии ветра и слабом (5 м/с) северо-восточном и северо-западном ветре. Была разработана объединенная трехмерная крупномасштабная модель Черного моря,...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Экосистема; Трехмерное численное моделирование; Верхний квазиоднородный слой; Азотный цикл; Приустьевая зона Дуная; Черное море; Ecosystem; 3D numerical modeling; Upper mixed layer; Nitrogen cycle; Danube’s mouth zone; The Black Sea Nitrogen cycle Ecosystems Nitrogen cycle Ecosystems http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27938 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2482.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://repository.ibss.org.ua/dspace/handle/99011/167

Bibliografia de recursos naturais da Amazônia brasileira.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LOPES, A. de S. A.; VAZ PEREIRA, I. C.
bitstream/item/145920/1/BIBLIOG-RECURSOS-NATURAIS.pdf
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Natural resource; Ecosystem; Hydrography; Fishery; Energetic resource; Navigation.; Climatologia; Ecossistema; Hidrografia; Hidrologia; Limnologia; Navegação; Meteorologia; Pesca; Recurso Energético; Recurso Natural; Solo.; Amazonia; Climatology; Hydrology; Meteorology; Soil.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/373224

Ecossistema de pastagem cultivada na Amazônia brasileira.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FALESI, I. C.
A pesquisa foi realizada em áreas com pastos de idades diferentes, desde meses de idade (formação) ate 11 anos, tomando-se a área com floresta natural como elemento de comparação (testemunha). Foram coletadas amostras de solos de 0-20 cm em cada uma dessas áreas, alem da coleta de perfis pedagógicos ate a uma profundidade de 1,50 m. Apos a obtenção das analises no laboratório, constatou-se que vários nutrientes e índices ou valores, sofreram acréscimos quando o solo foi cultivado com pastagem, melhorando portanto, as suas propriedades químicas. Os elementos que mais se evidenciaram, foram: cálcio, magnésio, fosforo, alumínio, e os índices de pH, V (saturação de bases), S (soma de bases) e saturação de alumínio. Os quadros de analises e gráficos constantes...
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Sown pasture; Ecosystem; Fertility.; Clima; Ecologia; Ecossistema; Fertilidade; Geologia; Pastagem Cultivada; Topografia; Solo; Vegetação.; Amazonia; Ecology; Geology; Climate; Topography; Soil; Vegetation.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/385693

O Bioma Caatinga representado na cultura popular nordestina.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALBUQUERQUE, S. G. de.
Algumas características da Caatinga; Efeito das secas vs. efeito do sobreuso; Desmitificação vs. valorização de forregtias; Ave-símbolo do Semi-Árido; Romantismo vs. ecologia; Previsão meteorológica; Músicas que se inserem no zoneamento agroecológico; Músicas que valem como considerações finais.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Característica; Recursos naturais; Música popular; Nordeste; Região semi-árida; Characteristics; Pasture; Popular music; Ecosystem; Northeast; Semi-arid region; Bioma Caatinga; Natural resource.; Recurso natural; Caatinga; Ecossistema; Ecologia; Pastagem Nativa; Vegetação.; Ecology; Natural resources; Vegetation.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/134545

Ecossistema de pastagens cultivadas: algumas alterações ecológicas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DANTAS, M.
bitstream/item/59398/1/Miscelanea-1.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Alteração química; Alteração física; Alteração biológica; Trópico úmido; Brasil; Sown pasture; Ecosystem; Forest; Chemical alteration; Physical alteration; Biological alteration.; Ecossistema; Ecologia; Floresta; Pastagem Cultivada.; Amazonia; Ecology.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377597

Zoneamento ambiental da Borda Oeste do Pantanal: Maciço do Urucum e adjacências.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, J. dos S. V. da.
Avaliação integrada do Maciço do Urucum e adjacências - procedimentos e diretrizes; Geologia; Geomorfologia; Arqueologia; Climatologia; Recursos hídricos; Pedologia; Vegetação e uso da terra; Fauna; Socioeconomia; Aptidão agrícola das terras, Potencial erosivo; Unidades ambientais naturais e unidades ambientais socioeconômicas.
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Zoneamento ambiental; Brasil; Ecosystem; Environmental zonning; Natural resource; Ecossistema; Meio Ambiente; Recurso Natural; Brazil; Pantanal; Environment.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/803001

Conservacao e uso sustentavel da biodiversidade nas zonas aridas e semi-aridas do Brasil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: OLIVEIRA, M. C. de; MAIA, E. M. M.
Caracteristicas das zonas aridas e semi-aridas do Brasil, biodiversidade nas zonas aridas e semi-aridas, estado de conservacao, conservacao in situ de ecossitemas, especies e recursos geneticos no Brasil, estrategias de conservacao ex situ da biodiversidade no Brasil, uso atual e potencial de biodiversidade nas regioes semi-aridas do Nordeste do Brasil, analise critica sobre o uso sustentavel da biodiversidade no Brasil.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Nordeste; Regiao Semi-arida; Ecosystem; Northeast; Semi-arid region; Ecossistema; Biodiversidade; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Biodiversity; Sustainable development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132747

Matéria orgânica nos ecossistemas de floresta primária e pastagens na Amazônia Central.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TEIXEIRA, L. B.; BASTOS, J. B.
bitstream/item/31996/1/CPATU-BP99.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Nitrogenio total; Campo experimental de Zootecnia da UEPAE Manaus; Amazonas; Brasil; Forest; Ecosystem; Pasture; Kykuyo grass; Total nitrogen.; Brachiaria Humidicola; Biomassa; Capim Quicuio; Ecossistema; Floresta; Matéria Orgânica; Pastagem.; Amazonia; Biomass; Organic matter.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/381129

Pesquisa para agricultura auto-sustentável: perspectivas de política e organização na Embrapa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FLORES, M. X.; QUIRINO, T. R.; NASCIMENTO, J. C.; RODRIGUES, G. R.; BUSCHINELLI, C.
A necessidade de uma agricultura auto-sustentável; Sustentabilidade no conctexto da agricultura brasileira; Regiões de agricultura intensiva; Regiões de fronteira agrícola; O desafio; A EMBRAPA e a pesquisa agrícola auto-sustentável; Política de pesquisa em agricultura auto-sustentável; Diagnósticos de recursos naturais e de riscos de degradação; Suporte tecnológico para a política de agricultura auto-sustentável; Pesquisa para a exploração auto-sustentável da bacia amazônica; As dimensões sócio- políticas da agricultura auto-sustentada.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Preservação; Politic; Ecosystem; Preservation.; Agricultura; Ecossistema; Política.; Agriculture.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/108264

EXtreme ecosystem studies in the deep OCEan: Technological Developments. EXOCET/D
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sarradin, Pierre-marie; Sarrazin, Jozee; Cadiou, Jean-francois; Olu, Karine; Desbruyeres, Damien; Rigaud, Vincent; Drogou, Jean-francois; Lecornu, Fabrice; Rolin, Jean-francois; Vuillemin, Renaud; Cambon-bonavita, Marie-anne; Sauter, E; Von Juterzenka, K; Boetius, A; Santos, Rs; Colaco, Ana; Pascoal, A; Oliveira, Paulo; Shillito, Bruce; Zal, F; Schultz, A; Taylor, P; Lane, D; Loke, Rob; Du Buf, H; Waldmann, C; Cormack, A; Sanfilippo, L; Masson, M.
The general objective of EXOCET/D is to develop, implement and test specific instruments aimed at exploring, describing, quantifying and monitoring biodiversity in deep-sea fragmented habitats as well as at identifying links between community structure and environmental dynamics. Onboard experimental devices will complement the approach, enabling experiments on species physiology. The EXOCET/D working fields include: video and acoustic imagery, in situ analysis of physico-chemical factors, quantitative sampling of macroand micro-organisms, in vivo experiments, integration of multidisciplinary data, implementation on European deep-submersibles and a final phase of technical and scientific validation
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Deep sea; Ecosystem; Imagery; In situ analysis; Faunal sampling; Submersibles; Observatory.
Ano: 2004
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3600.pdf

Evolution of upper layer temperature in the Bay of Biscay during the last 40 years
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Michel, Sylvain; Vandermeirsch, Frederic; Lorance, Pascal.
The temperature evolution over the past 40 years in the Bay of Biscay (North-East Atlantic) is investigated from an in situ data analysis, completed with a satellite SST (Sea Surface Temperature) analysis over the last 20 years. The in situ dataset is an interannual version of the BoByClim climatology, covering the Bay of Biscay area with a 10-km horizontal resolution and a 5-m vertical step. The satellite dataset is the European COastral Sea Operational Observing and Forcast System Program (ECOOP) daily analysis, covering the IBIROOS (Iberian-Biscay-Irish Sea) area with a 4-km resolution. The study area (43 degrees N-50 degrees N/12 degrees W-1 degrees W) extends over the intersection of the domains covered by these two analyses. In the 0-200 m layer of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Upper layer; Climatic change; Air sea flux; Ocean circulation model; Satellite and in situ measurements; Ecosystem; Bay of Biscay.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/11166/7519.pdf

Suivi des espèces envahissantes marines à Saint-Pierre et Miquelon. Année 2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sellier, Marion; Poitevin, Pierre; Goraguer, Herle; Faure, Jean-marie; Goulletquer, Philippe.
This work, conducted in 2013 , is a first monitoring of marine invasive species in Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago. In global changing context on coastal ecosystems , accentuated by direct or indirect effects of human activities, it became essential to implement a survey on marine invasive species on Saint-Pierre and Miquelon shoreline. Fukui traps and tunicates collectors implemented on different stations as well as the timely completion of observational dives , have established the following conclusions : several non native species were detected within the local marine ecosystem. This species , such as Carcinus maenas , Ciona intestinalis , Botryllus schlosseri , Caprella mutica , etc. ... threaten some local marine ecosystems and some local...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Espèces marines invasives; Saint-Pierre et Miquelon; Aquaculture; Écosystème; Marine invasive species; Saint-Pierre and Miquelon; Aquaculture; Ecosystem.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00175/28635/27118.pdf

The Channel habitat atlas for marine resource management (CHARM): an aid for planning and decision-making in an area under strong anthropogenic pressure
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, C. S.; Carpentier, Andre; Vaz, Sandrine; Coppin, Franck; Curet, L.; Dauvin, J. -c.; Delavenne, Juliette; Dewarumez, J. -m.; Dupuis, L.; Engelhard, G.; Ernande, Bruno; Foveau, A.; Garcia, C.; Gardel, Laure; Harrop, S.; Just, R.; Koubbi, P.; Lauria, Valentina; Meaden, G. J.; Morin, Jocelyne; Ota, Y.; Rostiaux, Emilie; Smith, R.; Spilmont, N.; Verin, Yves; Villanueva, Ching-maria; Warembourg, Caroline.
The eastern English Channel, the narrow channel of water separating northern France and southeast England is an area of intense human use of the array of resources concentrated into its relative small area. The vulnerability of living resources and their habitats brought together French and British maritime experts within a common project (called CHARM): to create an atlas of marine resource habitats in the eastern English Channel so as to provide planners and decision-makers with the necessary information to help managing the use of its living and non-living resources. This multidisciplinary and richly illustrated atlas provides abundant information on the legal framework and physical environment; benthic invertebrates, fish and their habitats; fishing...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Eastern English Channel; Dover Strait; Benthos; Fish; Habitat; Ecosystem; Marine spatial planning; Fisheries; Legislation; Trophic network; Food web; GIS; Geographic Information System.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/11169/7523.pdf

Analyse des résultats d'une ferme d'élevage de crevettes sur 20 années : SODACAL 1984-2004. "Elasticité" de la capacité de production d'un écosystème bassin crevetticole
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Della Patrona, Luc.
SODACAL prawn farm which was set up as a pilot farm for the development of a prawn industry in New Caledonia, saw its production exponentially rise from 1984 to 1992 (to 400 t/year, then experienced a sharp drop in 1993 (250 t/year) which carried on until 1997, and finally rose back to a stabilizing level around 400 t/year until 1999. The study analyses the difficulties observed before and during the drop of production. Among them, mortality outbreaks, other biological perturbations (benthic mat clearing and crab and fish mortality) and focus on the noxious state of the bottom (reduced and smelling sulfide hydrogen). It particularly shows that Syndrome 93 outbreaks could be observed on this farm from 1990. The analysis highlights the particular climatic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: New Caledonia; Zootechny; Climate; Ecosystem; Lethal factor; Mortality; Production; Pond culture; Shrimp culture; Climat; Facteur léthal; Bassin élevage; Zootechnie; Dysfonctionnement; Production; Nouvelle Calédonie; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-718.pdf

Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Henley, Sian F.; Cavan, Emma L.; Fawcett, Sarah E.; Kerr, Rodrigo; Monteiro, Thiago; Sherrell, Robert M.; Bowie, Andrew R.; Boyd, Philip W.; Barnes, David K. A.; Schloss, Irene R.; Marshall, Tanya; Flynn, Raquel; Smith, Shantelle.
The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes within the Southern Ocean regulate regional primary production and biological carbon uptake, primarily through iron supply, and support ecosystem functioning over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we assimilate existing knowledge and present new data to examine the biogeochemical cycles of iron, carbon and major nutrients, their key drivers and their responses to, and roles in, contemporary climate and environmental change. Projected increases in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Southern Ocean; Biogeochemistry; Primary production; Iron; Nutrients; Carbon; Ecosystem; Ocean acidification.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81113.pdf

L'ostréiculture en baie de Bourgneuf. Relation entre la croissance des huîtres  Crassostrea gigas et le milieu naturel : synthèse de 1986 a 1995
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barille-boyer, Anne-laure; Haure, Joel; Baud, Jean-pierre.
The oyster growth has been studied for a 10 year period, from 1986 to 1995, in four locations of the bay of Bourgneuf (French Atlantic Coast). The relations between oysters growth and the main molluscs stocks (cultivated oysters and wild mussels) or environmental factors (hydrobiology, currents, climatology) are analysed to understand the functioning of this shellfish ecosystem. As the water renewal time is about two months, primary production is essentially autochtonal. Phytoplankton development is controlled by the nutrients brought by the river Loire. An important part of the microalgac is composed by the microphytobenthos resuspended by west wind. High seston concentrations, measured on the North of the bay (150 mg/1 as an average), have a negative...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystème conchylicole; Modèle global de croissance; Baie de Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas; Ecosystem; Shellfish culture; Global growth model; Bay of Bourgneuf; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/rapport-1633.pdf

La production chez les crustacés. Rôle dans les écosystèmes et utilisations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Khmeleva, N; Goloubev, A.
This monograph is the first to state by a systematic research the rules which control the production of the organic losses in shape of eggs and exoskeletons during the life of Crustacea. The weight and the energy content of the material thrown out are the chief criteria selected to characterize the germinal production, relative to the egg-mass, and the exuvial production, relative to the organic fraction of the exoskeleton. The determination of these parameters, at the level of the organism or of the population, takes into account the systematic position of the animals, the duration of their intermolt periods, fecundity and other indices in relation to environmental factors. The loss of matter and energy with reproduction and molting(studied for different...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Energy content; Weight; Organic losses; Egg; Ecosystem; Crustacea.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/rapport-1665.pdf

Impact of climatic and anthropogenic changes on living resources in the Bay of Biscaye
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
Fisheries and aquaculture are of major importance to the coastal communities throughout the Bay of Biscaye. Almost half of French fishermen rely on catches from the Bay which achieve and estimated first sale value of more than €525m annually. Moreover, emblematic species such as eels have an additional economic as weil as social value for coastal communities. Similarly, the main French shellfish rearing areas are located within the Bay of Biscaye. They contribute predominantly to the yearly spat (mussel &amp; oyster) recruitment, used to sustain the entire French shellfish industry. These activities have a direct impact on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. Meanwhile, drastic environmental changes have been reported over the last 30 years, including a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Solea solea; Living resources; Ecosystem; Biodiversity; Impacts; Climate change.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/acte-3488.pdf

Ecosystem approach to fisheries: a brief overview and some considerations for its application in ICCAT
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fromentin, Jean-marc; Fonteneau, Alain; Restrepo, Victor.
During the last SCRS plenary meeting, the sub-committee on environment suggested to present a document on the ‘Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries’ (EAF). This document firstly recalls the general scientific and institutional background of EAF, then we propose a synoptic view of EAF, including four main domains: governance, exploitation, resources and impacts on ecosystems. The way that EAF is tackled within the various tuna commissions is then summarised. Finally, we rapidly examine the way the SCRS could cope with EAF issues and we suggest to merge the sub-committee on environment with this on by-catch into a single subcommittee on ecosystem.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Resources; Exploitation; Governance; Environment; By-catch.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30334/28809.pdf

Strengths and Weaknesses of the Management and Monitoring of Deep-Water Stocks, Fisheries, and Ecosystems in Various Areas of the World-A Roadmap Toward Sustainable Deep-Water Fisheries in the Northeast Atlantic?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Large, Philip A.; Agnew, David J.; Alvarez Perez, Jose Angel; Barrio Frojan, Christopher; Cloete, Rudi; Damalas, Dimitrios; Dransfeld, Leonie; Edwards, Charles T. T.; Feist, Stephen; Figueiredo, Ivone; Gonzalez, Fernando; Gil Herrera, Juan; Kenny, Andrew; Jakobsdottir, Klara; Longshaw, Matt; Lorance, Pascal; Marchal, Paul; Mytilineou, Chryssi; Planque, Benjamin; Politou, Chrissi-yianna.
Scientific interest in deep-water marine resources has increased dramatically over the last 10-20 years as management bodies have sought advice on how to manage deep-water fisheries and protect deep-water ecosystems. The strengths and weaknesses of the management and monitoring of deep-water stocks, fisheries, and ecosystems in various areas of the world are described, with the objective of informing the EU FP7 DEEPFISHMAN project so that it can fulfill its primary aim, which is to develop strategic options for a short-and long-term management and monitoring ecosystem-based framework for the northeast Atlantic. To provide a baseline, the current monitoring and management regime in the northeast Atlantic is reviewed, followed by a brief description of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Deep-water; Fisheries; Ecosystem; Monitoring; Management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00142/25321/24803.pdf

Etude et modélisation des mécanismes impliqués dans la croissance de l'huître perlière, Pinctada margaritifera, au sein de l'écosystème conchylicole du lagon de l'atoll de Takapoto (Polynésie Française)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pouvreau, Stephane.
L'huître perlière, Pinctada margaritifera (Linné, 1758) var. cumingi (Reeve), productrice de perles noires, fait l' objet d'une aquaculture florissante en Polynésie Française. Afin de pérenniser cette activité, un programme de recherche (le PGRN) a été lancé, en 1990, sur l' atoll de Takapoto. L' un des thèmes de ce programme réside dans l'étude de la capacité trophique d'un lagon soumis à une activité de perliculture. A cet égard, un modèle déterministe expliquant la croissance et la reproduction de P. margaritifera à partir des paramètres du milieu (notamment la nourriture disponible) a été mis au point. La construction de ce modèle a impliqué : ( 1) l'analyse de l'hydrobiologie du lagon; (2) l'étude de la physiologie de P. margaritifera; (3) le sui vi...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Huîtres perlières; Pinctada margaritifera; Physiologie; Croissance; Reproduction; Hydrobiologie; Atoll; Lagon; Écosystème; Réseau trophique; Modélisation; Capacité trophique; Polynésie française; Bivalves; Pearl oyster; Pinctada ma rgaritifera; Physiology; Growth; Reproduction; Hydrobiology; Atoll; Lagoon; Ecosystem; Trophic web; Modelling; Carrying capacity; French Polynesia.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00034/14558/11856.pdf

New applications of hydroacoustic methods for monitoring shallow water aquatic ecosystems: the case of mussel culture grounds
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Brehmer, Patrice; Gerlotto, François; Guillard, Joelle; Sanguinede, Fabien; Guennegan, Yvon; Buestel, Dominique.
The development of acoustics tools and methods for monitoring anthropized ecosystems represents a new field for the application of acoustics. Monitoring such an environment was not possible with single vertical echo sounders, due to the fact that the artificial structures and the natural targets were not distinguishable. Monitoring data were collected along the French Mediterranean coastline, during five short surveys of mussel culture longline areas. Both the Reson Seabat 6012 multibeam sonar (455 kHz) and the Simrad SR 240 omnidirectional sonar (23.75 kHz) were used for target detection. The former tools allow accurate allocation of the different types of echoes to artefacts, fish schools and scattered fish. The school characteristics collected included...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Artificial reef; Mussel longline; Fish school; Monitoring; Multibeam sonar.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-574.pdf

Production of shellfish production models
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacher, Cedric.
The first definition we could give to model is quite general : a model is any representation of the real world or what it is supposed to be at a given moment ; it clearly depends on the knowledge about reality or part of it ; as an abstraction it is necessary based on concepts and assumptions. This paper deals with mathematical modls only and among them, those which try to simulate biological mechanisms (for about 15 years however, other mathematicial approaches have been developping such as adaptative strategies, adapted from economics). Simulation alloxs to study dynamical behaviour of the elements of the ecosystem (which we denoted the real world) defined by the modeliser. Then two main purposes may be reached by the model :  - prediction and management...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mathemical model; Ecosystem; Management; Aquaculture.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12635/9523.pdf

Micronekton distribution in the southwest Pacific (New Caledonia) inferred from shipboard-ADCP backscatter data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Receveur, Aurore; Kestenare, Elodie; Allain, Valerie; Ménard, Frédéric; Cravatte, Sophie; Lebourges-dhaussy, Anne; Lehodey, Patrick; Mangeas, Morgan; Smith, Neville; Radenac, Marie-hélène; Menkes, Christophe.
Acoustic data are invaluable information sources for characterizing the distribution and abundance of mid-trophic-level organisms (micronekton). These organisms play a pivotal role in the ecosystem as prey of top predators and as predators of low-trophic-level organisms. Although shipboard-ADCP (acoustic Doppler current profiler) acoustic backscatter signal intensity cannot provide an absolute biomass estimate, it may be a useful proxy to investigate variability in the distribution and relative density of micronekton. This study used acoustic recordings data spread across 19 years (1999–2017) from 54 ADCP cruises in New Caledonia’s subtropical EEZ (exclusive economic zone) to assess seasonal and interannual variabilities and spatial distribution of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Micronekton; Southwest Pacific ocean; SEAPODYM; Acoustic; Ecosystem.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00609/72078/70794.pdf

Phytoplankton competition and coexistence: Intrinsic ecosystem dynamics and impact of vertical mixing
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Perruche, Coralie; Riviere, Pascal; Pondaven, Philippe; Carton, Xavier.
This paper aims at studying analytically the functioning of a very simple ecosystem model with two phytoplankton species. First, using the dynamical system theory, we determine its nonlinear equilibria, their stability and characteristic timescales with a focus on phytoplankton competition. Particular attention is paid to the model sensitivity to parameter change. Then, the influence of vertical mixing and sinking of detritus on the vertically-distributed ecosystem model is investigated. The analytical results reveal a high diversity of ecosystem structures with fixed points and limit cycles that are mainly sensitive to variations of light intensity and total amount of nitrogen matter. The sensitivity to other parameters such as remineralisation, growth...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Water mixing; Dynamical system; Phytoplankton; Competition; Ecosystem; Modelling.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7334.pdf

TRANSMER, hydrodynamic model for medium- and long-term simulation of radionuclides transfers in the English Channel and southern North Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bailly Du Bois, Pascal; Dumas, Franck.
TRANSMER hydrodynamic model simulates dispersion of dissolved substances in seawater at the scale of the English Channel and the south of the North Sea with a mesh size of one kilometre and a time step of 30 minutes. This model evaluates the medium- and long-term consequences of releases of soluble pollutants in the marine ecosystem under normal or accidental conditions, at a very low computation cost (it takes less than one hour to simulate one year). It has been qualitatively and quantitatively validated by 1400 measurements of 125Sb in seawater in the English Channel and the North Sea. Budgets of measured and simulated radionuclide quantities are balanced for theses seas. The correlation factor between individual measurements in seawater and calculation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pollutant; Ecosystem; Radionuclides; Dispersion; Dissolved substances; Hydrodynamic model.
Ano: 2005
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-552.pdf

Impact des facteurs anthropiques et naturels sur le fonctionnement de quelques populations halieutiques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Prouzet, Patrick.
Researcher since 1974 at CNEXO (National Centre for Exploration of the Oceans), then at IFREMER (French Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), I have at the same time brought to the work of researching the dynamics of exploited ichthyologic populations actions for enhanced improvement and transfer of knowledge to help managers and stakeholders administer these resources and restore them if needed.  This activity led me to play a double role: that of the expert who is asked to set up "a truth judgment" on a given subject or according to a specific question, and that of the scientist faced with the judgment of his peers who strives not to go against his knowledge (i.e., that which is subject to the criticism of the scientific community). This change of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Ichthyology; Populations dynamics; Halieutics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-2167.pdf

Multidisciplinary Observing in the World Ocean's Oxygen Minimum Zone Regions: From Climate to Fish - The VOICE Initiative
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Garcon, Veronique; Karstensen, Johannes; Palacz, Artur; Telszewski, Maciej; Aparco Lara, Tony; Breitburg, Denise; Chavez, Francisco; Coelho, Paulo; Cornejo-d'Ottone, Marcela; Santos, Carmen; Fiedler, Bjoern; Gallo, Natalya D.; Gregoire, Marilaure; Gutierrez, Dimitri; Hernandez-ayon, Martin; Isensee, Kirsten; Koslow, Tony; Levin, Lisa; Marsac, Francis; Maske, Helmut; Mbaye, Baye C.; Montes, Ivonne; Naqvi, Wajih; Pearlman, Jay; Pinto, Edwin; Pitcher, Grant; Pizarro, Oscar; Rose, Kenneth; Shenoy, Damodar; Van Der Plas, Anja; Vito, Melo R.; Weng, Kevin.
Multidisciplinary ocean observing activities provide critical ocean information to satisfy ever-changing socioeconomic needs and require coordinated implementation. The upper oxycline (transition between high and low oxygen waters) is fundamentally important for the ecosystem structure and can be a useful proxy for multiple observing objectives connected to eastern boundary systems (EBSs) that neighbor oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). The variability of the oxycline and its impact on the ecosystem (VOICE) initiative demonstrates how societal benefits drive the need for integration and optimization of biological, biogeochemical, and physical components of regional ocean observing related to EBS. In liaison with the Global Ocean Oxygen Network, VOICE creates a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oxygen minimum zones; Oxycline; Ocean observing system; Multidisciplinary; Readiness level; Ecosystem.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00659/77112/78546.pdf

Poissons et invertébrés au large des côtes de France. Indicateurs issus des pêches scientifiques. Bilan 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bertrand, Jacques; Cochard, Marie-laure; Coppin, Franck; Leaute, Jean-pierre; Lobry, Jeremy; Mahe, Jean-claude; Morin, Jocelyne; Poulard, Jean-charles; Rochet, Marie-joelle; Schlaich, Ivan; Souplet, Arnauld; Trenkel, Verena; Verin, Yves; SIH-C.
The integration of fishing management into the ecosystemic approach has been recommended for many years by international consultative bodies; it is also written into international conventions and agreements. The implementation of the ecosystemic approach involves the development of programmes for monitoring exploited ecosystems in order to measure the effects of management steps. Plotting the results of these observations for operational reasons requires formalizing summary performance indicators.  IFREMER has carried out halieutic observation campaigns for some twenty years along the coasts of France from oceanographic ships and chartered ships. The objective of these campaigns is to produce abundance indices of species that are of halieutic interest....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Indicating; Scientific survey; Scientific research; Fishing; English Channel; Bay of Biscay; France; Shellfish; Fish; Invertébrés; Poissons; Ecosystème; Indicateur; Campagne océanographique; Recherche scientifique; Pêche halieutique; Pêche; Mer du nord; Golfe de gascogne; Manche; France.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/rapport-2327.pdf

Emergence of biodiversity research and main progress from Ifremer
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Desbruyeres, Daniel; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Research needs and interests on biodiversity have drastically increased since the Rio Conference (1992). The main conclusions from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA, 2001) carried out by the UN and the demonstration of the critical role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystems services have strengthened research interests on biodiversity. Moreover, the systemic approach generalization, complex system modeling, confluence of thematic prompting new scientific concepts, and multi-scalar – multifunctional approach have induced significant changes to the scientific context. A review of major advances on biodiversity monitoring and research resulting from Ifremer programs will be presented considering deep sea as well as coastal ecosystems and associated...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modelisation; Operational monitoring; Benthic habitat mapping; Ecosystem; Research; Marine biodiversity; Modélisation; Surveillance opérationnelle; Cartographie; Ecosystèmes; Recherche; Biodiversité marine.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/acte-6829.pdf

Blue fishing and aquaculture: threats, obstacles and opportunities
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
On estime à l'heure actuelle que la consommation de poisson par habitant devrait doubler d'ici à 2030, comme elle l'a fait entre 1973 et 2003. Que devons-nous faire pour mieux préserver (voire accroître) les réserves de poisson, qui sont en diminution constante ? Qu'en est-il de l'aquaculture ? Peut-elle répondre à cette demande croissante, et si oui quel en sera l'impact environnemental ? Comment les pays pauvres peuvent-ils en particulier exiger des sociétés qui la pratiquent de prendre en charge les frais supplémentaires liés à une production d'aquaculture durable ?
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biodiversiy; Ecosystem; Aquaculture; Fisheries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-6210.pdf

Knowledge for Society. How to limit impacts on marine biodiversity ?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe.
At the present time, it has been determined that the average fish consumption per inhabitant should double by the year 2030, as it did between 1973 and 2003. Hence, what should we do to better preserve (if not increase) fish stocks that are constantly decreasing? How should aquaculture be considered? Can it meet this growing demand, and if so, what will be its environmental impact? How could developing countries ask aquaculture companies to take care of the extra costs linked to a sustainable aquaculture production?
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Impact; Ecosystem; Biodiversity.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/acte-6209.pdf

Suivi des espèces envahissantes marines à Saint Pierre et Miquelon. Année 2014
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sellier, Marion; Poitevin, Pierre; Goraguer, Herle; Faure, Jean-marie; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Initiated in 2013, the present work carried out in 2014 extends the monitoring network focusing on marine invasive exotic species in Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago. In a global context of coastal ecosystems’ changes, accentuated by direct or indirect effects of human activities, it became essential to implement a monitoring survey and to track the expansion of marine invasive species along Saint-Pierre and Miquelon shoreline. Fukui traps and tunicates collectors deployed on different stations as well as the timely completion of observational dives, have provided the following conclusions: several invasive species were again reported within the local marine ecosystem. Those species, i.e., Carcinus maenas, Caprella mutica, Ciona intestinalis,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine Invasive species; Saint-Pierre and Miquelon; Aquaculture; Ecosystem; Espèces marines invasives; Saint-Pierre et Miquelon; Aquaculure; Ecosystème.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00312/42303/41635.pdf

Simplified Transformation of Ostreococcus tauri Using Polyethylene Glycol
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sanchez, Frédéric; Geffroy, Solene; Norest, Manon; Yau, Sheree; Moreau, Hervé; Grimsley, Nigel.
Ostreococcus tauri is an easily cultured representative of unicellular algae (class Mamiellophyceae) that abound in oceans worldwide. Eight complete 13–22 Mb genomes of phylogenetically divergent species within this class are available, and their DNA sequences are nearly always present in metagenomic data produced from marine samples. Here we describe a simplified and robust transformation protocol for the smallest of these algae (O. tauri). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment was much more efficient than the previously described electroporation protocol. Short (2 min or less) incubation times in PEG gave &gt;104 transformants per microgram DNA. The time of cell recovery after transformation could be reduced to a few hours, permitting the experiment to be...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Chlorophyta; Prasinophyte; Mamiellophyceae; Ostreococcus; Plankton; Picoeukaryote; Ecosystem; Bioluminescence; Promoter; Luciferase; Gene expression.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00500/61170/64639.pdf

A framework for selecting a suite of indicators for fisheries management
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rice, Jake; Rochet, Marie-joelle.
We develop a framework for the objective selection of a suite of indicators for use in fisheries management. The framework encompasses eight steps, and provides guidance on pitfalls to be avoided at each step. Step I identifies user groups and their needs, featuring the setting of operational objectives, and Step 2 identifies a corresponding list of candidate indicators. Step 3 assigns weights to nine screening criteria for the candidate indicators: concreteness, theoretical basis, public awareness, cost, measurement, historic data, sensitivity, responsiveness, and specificity. Step 4 scores the indicators against the criteria, and Step 5 summarizes the results. Steps 3-5 offer technical aspects on which guidance is provided, including scoring standards...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Scoring; Objectives; Indicators; Guidelines; Framework; Ecosystem; Criteria.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-484.pdf

Poissons et invertébrés au large des côtes de France : Indicateurs issus des pêches scientifiques. Bilan 2002
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bertrand, Jacques; Cochard, Marie-laure; Coppin, Franck; Le Pape, Olivier; Mahe, Jean-claude; Morin, Jocelyne; Poulard, Jean-charles; Rochet, Marie-joelle; Schlaich, Ivan; Souplet, Arnauld; Trenkel, Verena; Verin, Yves.
The scientist community, the fishing organisations and all involved parties show a growing interest in an integrated project management of the sea space exploited by fishing communities. A key to reach such a target is to make available reliable and precise scientist data on the different components of the fishing systems.  For about twenty years, and in its mission to support the development of an integrated management for a sustainable use of marine resources, Ifremer has been organising monitoring campaigns of fishery resources along the shores of France. These campaigns aim at providing abundance indicator on species of interest. They consequently provide an essential knowledge base to characterize and trace the status of exploited fish and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Indicating; Oceanographical campaign; Scientific research; Fishing halieutic; Fishing; English Channel; Bay of Biscay; France; Invertebrate; Pisces; Ecosystème; Indicateur; Campagne océanographique; Recherche scientifique; Pêche halieutique; Pêche; Mer du nord; Golfe de gascogne; Manche; France; Invertebrate; Pisces.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-1091.pdf

Modeling energy flow in a large Neotropical reservoir: a tool do evaluate fishing and stability
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Angelini,Ronaldo; Agostinho,Angelo Antonio; Gomes,Luiz Carlos.
Recently, there is an increasing perception that the ecosystem approach gives important insights to support fisheries stock assessment and management. This paper aims to quantify energy flows in the Itaipu Reservoir (Brazil) and to simulate increase of the fishing effort of some species, using Ecopath with Ecosim software, which could allow inferences on stability. Therefore, two steady-state Itaipu models were built (1983-87 and 1988-92). Results showed that: a) there are no differences between models, and results on aging trends do not vary over time indicating that fishery does not alter the ecosystem as a whole; b) results of fisheries simulations are approximate to mono-specific stock assessment for the same species and periods; c) many authors...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ecopath; Food web; Fisheries; Ecosystem; Simulation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252006000200011

Coastal and Marine Ecosystems-- Angola
Provedor de dados: 20
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO),World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC),Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN),World Resources Institute,International Food Policy Research Institute,Global Maritime Boundaries Database (GMBD),The International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME),
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Country profile; Angola; Ecosystem; Ecosystems.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/570

Land Use Change and Ecosystem Valuation in North Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngugi,   Daniel; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Bergstrom,   John C.
This study seeks to forecast land use change in a North Georgia ecosystem, and estimate the economic value of the ecosystem using benefit transfer techniques. We forecast land use change based on a structural time series model and a simple growth rate model.  The study suggests a lower bound willingness to pay value of about USD 16,000 per year to ensure compliance with fishing and drinking water quality standards with regard to fecal coliform bacteria and dissolved oxygen. Conservation efforts are likely to cost less than the cost of defensive behavior or ecosystem restoration.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Economic value; North Georgia; Land use; Water quality; Structural time series; Benefit transfer; Forecasting.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; Q53; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46853

RESOURCE EXPLOITATION, BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL EVENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
We study the management of a natural resource that supports ecosystems as well as human needs.  The reduction in the resource base poses a threat of occurrence of catastrophic ecological events, such as the sudden collapse of the natural habitat, that lead to severe loss of biodiversity.  The event occurrence conditions involve uncertainty of various types, and the distinction among these types affects the optimal exploitation policies.  When uncertainty is due to our ignorance of some aspects of the underlying ecology, the isolated equilibrium states characterizing optimal exploitation for many renewable resource problems become equilibrium intervals, giving rise to hysteresis phenomena.  Events triggered by genuinely stochastic environmental conditions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Resource management; Event uncertainty; Biodiversity; Extinction; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14996

Selecting a Land Conservation Reserve for Local or Regional Ecosystem Health with Development: Amphibian Metapopulation and Residential Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Swallow,   Stephen K.; Paton,   Peter.
Establishing habitat corridors has been an important strategy in many conservation practices.  Nonetheless, the existing literature has ignored the role habitat corridors could play in reserve network design.  Based on modern ecological theory, the effectiveness of a reserve system largely depends on its connectivity, but it is less clear how recent spatial modeling of reserve network design improves the connectivity of the reserve system as required by population persistence in a highly fragmented, heterogeneous landscape.  This study explicitly incorporates the idea of habitat corridor into optimal reserve design, an approach which might significantly reduce the uncertainty brought by land use change or a source-sink habitat matrix.  More importantly, by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nature reserve; Ecosystem; Spatial configuration; Amphibian; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19440

Land Use Change, Benefit Transfer and Ecosystem Valuation in North Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngugi,   Daniel; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Bergstrom,   John C.
This study seeks to forecast land use change in a North Georgia ecosystem, and estimate the economic value of the ecosystem using benefit transfer techniques. We forecast land use change based on a structural time series model and a simple growth rate model.  The study suggests a lower bound willingness to pay value of about USD 16,000 per year to ensure compliance with fishing and drinking water quality standards with regard to fecal coliform bacteria and dissolved oxygen. Conservation efforts are likely to cost less than the cost of defensive behavior or ecosystem restoration.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Economic value; North Georgia; Land use; Water quality; Structural time series; Benefit transfer; Forecasting; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q51; Q53; Q57; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47110

Ecosystem Services and Food Security: Economic Perspectives on Environmental Sustainability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richardson,   Robert B.
Food security in developing countries depends in part on the sustainable use of natural resources. Food security is usually examined through three dimensions, namely the availability, access, and utilization of food. Ecosystems directly and indirectly support each of these dimensions through the provision of critical ecosystem services that facilitate agricultural production, create income- generating opportunities, and provide energy for cooking. However, in some cases, household uses of natural resources undermine particular elements of  food security, hindering national poverty reduction strategies and threatening the sustainability of critical ecosystem functions. I examine the role of ecosystem services in rural food security through the lens of its...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental sustainability; Ecosystem; Food security; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98782

Invasive Weeds, Wildfire, and Rancher Decision Making in the Great Basin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kobayashi,   Mimako; Harris,   Thomas R.; Rollins,   Kimberly S.
In this article, a numerical stochastic dynamic programming model (SDP) is developed to characterize the decision problem of a rancher operating on rangelands in northern Nevada that are affected by invasive annual grasses and wildfire.  The model incorporates decisions about herd size management of a cow-calf operation and fuels treatment to reduce the size of rangeland wildfires.  Currently, high transactions costs to obtain permits to implement land treatments on federally-owned rangelands appear to limit rancher involvement.  The results of the model suggest that ranch income motives alone are likely insufficient for private ranchers to adopt preventative land treatments.  The current treatment cost ($20 per acre at the minimum) appears to be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stochastic dynamic programming; Cow-calf operation; Rangeland; Ecosystem; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49365

Land Use Change and Ecosystem Valuation in North Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ngugi,   Daniel; Mullen,   Jeffrey D.; Bergstrom,   John C.
A model of land allocation at the aggregate watershed level was developed assuming profit/net benefit maximization under risk neutrality. The econometric land use model was analyzed as an equation by equation SURE model as all the independent variables were the same for both equations. In analyzing effect of land use change on water quality, we took year 2005 as our baseline and postulated three land use scenarios. We applied Benefit Transfer techniques to value water quality changes resulting from land use change and estimated lower bounds for WTP to improve water quality to meet the FCB criterion for drinking water supply and fishing waters and BOD (DO) criteria for fishing waters. Water quality modeling revealed that land use change would result in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Economic value; North Georgia; Land use; Land use change; Fish; Water quality; Structural time series; Willingness to pay; Benefit transfer; Forecasting; Vector autoregression; Upper Chattahoochee River; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6119

The Economic Impact of Global Climate Change on Mediterranean Rangeland Ecosystems: A Space-for-Time Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleischer,   Aliza; Sternberg,   Marcelo.
Global Climate Change (GCC) can bring about changes in ecosystems and consequently in their services value.  Here we show that the urban population in Israel values the green landscape of rangelands in the mesic Mediterranean climate region and is willing to pay for preserving it in light of the expected increasing aridity conditions in this region.  Their valuation of the landscape is higher than that of the grazing services these rangelands provide for livestock growers.  These results stem form a Time-for-Space approach with which we were able to measure changes in biomass production and rainfall at four experimental sites along an aridity gradient.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Ecosystem; Choice modeling; Landscape; Biomass; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15001

RESOURCE EXPLOITATION, BIODIVERSITY LOSS AND ECOLOGICAL EVENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
We study the management of a natural resource that supports ecosystems as well as human needs.   The reduction in the resource base introduces a threat of occurrence of catastrophic ecological events, such as the sudden collapse of the national habitat that lead to severe loss of biodiversity.  The event occurrence conditions involve uncertainty of various types, and the distinction among these types affects the optimal exploitation policies.  When uncertainty is due to our ignorance of some aspects of the underlying ecology, the isolated equilibrium states characterizing optimal exploitation for many renewable resource problems become equilibrium intervals.  Events triggered by genuinely stochastic environmental conditions maintain the structure of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem; Resource management; Event uncertainty; Biodiversity; Extinction; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14981

MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN CROP PROTECTION
Provedor de dados: 100
Autores: Levins,Richard; Miranda,Ileana.
In the present work, the models of dynamics ecological populations were described. The development of the models, in order to describe these populations was presented. They have evolved from an independent way to the models that represent the evaluation of epidemiology in humans. The differential equations that describe the relationships prey-predator, crop-pest and migration effect were shown. It was also described the possibility to represent these models by means of equations in difference and computerized simulation systems. The interconnection between a mathematical model and the ecosystem stability according to the biological parameters was showed. Ecological questions that can be answered analyzing the models were approached.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Mathematical models; Prey; Predator; Migration; Ecosystem.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1010-27522007000100001

A new Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystem from Gondwana with the description of a new sauropod dinosaur
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Calvo,Jorge O.; Porfiri,Juan D.; González-Riga,Bernardo J.; Kellner,Alexander W.A.
A unique site at the northern area of Patagonia (Neuquén, Argentina) reveals a terrestrial ecosystem preserved in a detail never reported before in a Late Cretaceous deposit. An extraordinary diversity and abundance of fossils was found concentrated in a 0.5 m horizon in the same quarry, including a new titanosaur sauropod, Futalognkosaurus dukei n.gen., n.sp, which is the most complete giant dinosaur known so far. Several plant leaves, showing a predominance of angiosperms over gymnosperms that likely constituted the diet of F. dukei were found too. Other dinosaurs (sauropods, theropods, ornithopods), crocodylomorphs, pterosaurs, and fishes were also discovered, allowing a partial reconstruction of this Gondwanan continental ecosystem.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dinosauria; Titanosauria; Ecosystem; Taphonomy; Upper Cretaceous; Gondwana; Patagonia; Argentina.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000300013

The study of biotic interactions in the Brazilian Cerrado as a path to the conservation of biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: DEL-CLARO,KLEBER; TOREZAN-SILINGARDI,HELENA MAURA.
Abstract: As a focus for conservation efforts, biodiversity has received increased attention in the last fifty years. Searching for patterns in biodiversity, researchers have suggested studies including: ecological communities, cladistics classifications, hierarchical compositions of different levels of organization, and groups of taxonomically related species. Here, we propose that the study of the biodiversity of interactions may present a new perspective in the efforts to conserve biodiversity, especially in endangered ecosystems like the tropical savannas. We suggest that Cerrado, like other tropical savannas, is a particularly important ecosystem in which we can direct efforts to explain what determines the major part of variation in the outcomes of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ant-plant interactions; Ecosystem; Tropical savanna; Veredas.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000600614

Fungos anaeróbios do rúmen de bovinos e caprinos de corte criados em pastagens tropicais
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Abrão,F.O.; Barreto,S.M.P.; Geraseev,L.C.; Duarte,E.R.
The presence of anaerobic fungi structures was evaluated in ruminal juice of beef goats and beef cattle raised in the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The strains were collected from 18 Anglo-Nubian crossbred male goats and 23 Nellore crossbred steers during the dry period of the year. Physical-chemical characteristics of the juice were evaluated and direct examination with KOH digestion was performed for anaerobic fungi detection. Structures of these fungi were detected in samples of 14 (77.8%) goats and 17 (73.9%) steers. The monocentric fungi frequency (56.5%) was significantly higher in cattle than polycentric fungi frequency (26.1%). This study is the first report of anaerobic ruminal fungi in these ruminants in Brazil and showed high prevalence of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Beef goat; Beef cattle; Ecosystem; Anaerobic fungi; Semi-arid.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352010000300036

From ecosystems to human welfare: the role and conservation of biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Zhang,Zhenguo; Zhou,Jun.
ABSTRACT:  Biodiversity plays a key role in human welfare by providing agricultural, economic, and health benefits. However, following the industrial revolution, the rapid expansion of the human population and subsequent economic activities have caused a dramatic loss in global biodiversity, resulting in significant disturbances to ecosystems and our own living conditions. Accordingly, the conservation of biodiversity has become one of the most important challenges for humanity. The vast numbers of plants, animals, and microorganisms, the enormous genetic diversity of these species and the different ecosystems to which these organisms belong are all part of a biologically diverse planet. A substantial proportion of the world’s biodiversity has been...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Agriculture; Conservation; Genetics; Human welfare.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000500400