Consulta: subjectFacets:"Energy"
Registros recuperados: 143
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 11:29:51

Predicción de cambios de peso de bovinos pastoreando en trópico: desarrollo y aplicación de un modelo de simulación.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Ortega Navarro, Gilberto Carlos.
El presente estudio comprendió tres etapas, que consistieron en 1 (Capítulo 1), desarrollar un modelo para predecir la ganancia de peso vivo vacío (GPV) de toros pastoreando praderas en zonas tropicales con y sin complemento alimenticio (MCPV); 2 (Capítulo 2), realizar un análisis de sensibilidad del modelo desarrollado descrito en el capítulo dos, utilizando las técnicas uno a la vez y multi pasos, y 3 (Capítulo 3), realizar un análisis comparativo de las predicciones de ganancia de peso de toros  ayunados (GPAp) utilizando el MCPV y modelo del NRC, éste último, considerando la energía metabolizable (MNRC EM) y proteína metabolizable (MNRC PM). En el capítulo uno, se describe el procedimiento que se siguió para la construcción del modelo, utilizando las...
Palavras-chave: Bos indicus; Tropical; Energía; Sensible; Magnitud de entrada; NRC; Energy; Input magnitude; Doctorado; Ganadería.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/524

El cambio en las actividades agrícolas del pueblo de San Miguel Tocuila, Texcoco, Estado de México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Hernández Rodríguez, Cuitláhuac Víctor.
Debido a  la persistencia de las actividades agrícolas en el cambio urbano de la población de San Miguel Tocuila, se planteó conocer el papel fundamental que desempeña el autoabasto en la satisfacción de las necesidades básicas de la familia campesina, para entender su dinámica y estrategias de adaptación. Para obtener los datos necesarios se examinaron como base empírica 30 unidades de análisis de este pueblo que pertenece al municipio de Texcoco (Estado de México), con la intención de ubicar sus componentes y características, mismas que explicaron el modelo hipotético con criterios de selección. De igual manera se aplicaron diversos instrumentos de investigación tales como la guía de observación, encuesta, genealogía y el guión de la entrevista, las...
Palavras-chave: Autoabasto; Familia; Energía; Persistencia; Self supply; Family; Energy; Persistence.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/358

Estrategias nutricionales para mejorar la respuesta productiva de cerdos en engorda.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Martínez Aispuro, José Alfredo.
El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo reducir y/u optimizar la concentración de algunos nutrimentos en las dietas de cerdos de engorda que puede resultar benéfica en la formulación de raciones. Se realizaron 3 experimentos para evaluar el nivel de lisina, el uso de alcaloides y xilanasas en dietas para cerdos de engorda. En el experimento 1 se determinaron los niveles óptimos biológicos (NOB) de lisina total para cerdos en las etapas de crecimiento y finalización en el comportamiento productivo, las características de la canal, y la concentración de urea en plasma. El NOB para ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), conversión alimenticia, y ganancia de carne magra fue 0.88% de lisina total; mientras que el NOB para consumo de alimento fue 0.961% de lisina total....
Palavras-chave: Lisina; Alcaloides; Dietas con baja proteína; Xilanasas; Energía; Proteína; Lysine; Alkaloids; Low protein diets; Xylanase; Energy; Protein; Ganadería; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2159

Predicción de cambios de peso de bovinos pastoreando en trópico: desarrollo y aplicación de un modelo de simulación.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Ortega Navarro, Gilberto Carlos.
El presente estudio comprendió tres etapas, que consistieron en 1 (Capítulo 1), desarrollar un modelo para predecir la ganancia de peso vivo vacío (GPV) de toros pastoreando praderas en zonas tropicales con y sin complemento alimenticio (MCPV); 2 (Capítulo 2), realizar un análisis de sensibilidad del modelo desarrollado descrito en el capítulo dos, utilizando las técnicas uno a la vez y multi pasos, y 3 (Capítulo 3), realizar un análisis comparativo de las predicciones de ganancia de peso de toros  ayunados (GPAp) utilizando el MCPV y modelo del NRC, éste último, considerando la energía metabolizable (MNRC EM) y proteína metabolizable (MNRC PM). En el capítulo uno, se describe el procedimiento que se siguió para la construcción del modelo, utilizando las...
Palavras-chave: Bos indicus; Tropical; Energía; Sensible; Magnitud de entrada; NRC; Energy; Input magnitude; Doctorado; Ganadería.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/524

Resource Transitions and Energy Gain: Contexts of Organization
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Tainter, Joseph A; USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; jtainter@fs.fed.us; Allen, T. F. H.; University of Wisconsin-Madison; tfallen@facstaff.wisc.edu; Little, Amanda; University of Wisconsin-Madison; amlittle@students.wisc.edu; Hoekstra, Thomas W; USDA Forest Service, Inventory  and  Monitoring Institute; thoekstra@fs.fed.us.
Energy gain constrains resource use, social organization, and landscape organization in human and other living systems. Changes in energy gain have common characteristics across living systems. We describe these commonalities in selected case studies involving imperial taxation, fungus-farming ants, and North American beaver, and propose a suite of hypotheses for the organization of systems that subsist on different levels of energy gain. Organizational constraints arising from energy gain predict changes to settlement and organization in postcarbon societies.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Roman Empire; Beaver; Complexity; Energy; Energy gain; Fungus-farming ants; Leaf-cutting ants; Living systems; Organization; Renewable resources; Resources; Solar energy.
Ano: 2003

National Climate Change Policies and Sustainable Water Management: Conflicts and Synergies
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Pittock, Jamie; Australian National University; jamie.pittock@anu.edu.au.
Even in the absence of climate change, freshwater ecosystems and the resources they provide for people are under great pressure because of increasing demand for water and declines in water quality. The imminent onset of climate change will exacerbate these impacts, placing even greater pressure on already stressed resources and regions. A plethora of national climate change policies have been adopted that emphasize structural adjustment in the energy sector and increasing carbon sinks. To date, most public debate on water has focused on the direct impacts of climate change on hydrology. However, there is growing evidence that climate change policies themselves may have substantial additional and negative impacts on freshwater resources and ecosystems and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Conservation; Energy; Governments; Policies; Rivers.
Ano: 2011

The Energy-Water Nexus in Texas
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Stillwell, Ashlynn S.; The University of Texas at Austin; Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering; ashlynn.stillwell@mail.utexas.edu; King, Carey W.; The University of Texas at Austin; Center for International Energy &amp; Environmental Policy; careyking@mail.utexas.edu; Webber, Michael E.; The University of Texas at Austin; Department of Mechanical Engineering; webber@mail.utexas.edu; Duncan, Ian J.; The University of Texas at Austin; Bureau of Economic Geology; duncani@beg.utexas.edu; Hardberger, Amy; Environmental Defense Fund; ahardberger@edf.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Energy; Policy; Texas; Water.
Ano: 2011

ISOSTERIC HEAT, ENTROPY, AND GIBBS FREE ENERGY OF PUMPKIN SEEDS (Cucurbita moschata)
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Teixeira,Luciana P.; Andrade,Ednilton T. de; Devilla,Ivano A.
ABSTRACT To maintain seed and soil quality of pumpkin, energy knowledge associated with processing and storage stages is strategic for the optimization of the thermodynamic processes needed for product stabilization. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine isosteric heat, differential entropy, and Gibbs free energy within a temperature range from 20 to 70° C, and relative air humidity levels between 10.75 and 85.11%. The study was based on empirical data for water activity determination. As a result, we verified that as moisture content decreased, the integral isosteric heat of the product increased from 2502.35 to 6231.17 kJ kg-1, differential entropy raised from 1.18 to 12.43 kJ kg-1 K-1, and Gibbs free energy ranged from -243.84 to -432.59 kJ...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Quality; Energy; Thermodynamic properties; Oil.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162018000100097

Biogás: uma alternativa de energia no meio rural.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALVES, S. de M.; MELO, C. F. M. de; WISNIEWSKI, A.
bitstream/item/59482/1/Miscelanea-4.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Construção; Biodigester; Biofertilizer; Construction.; Biogás; Biofertilizante; Biodigestor; Energia; Pesquisa.; Energy; Research.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/378021

Mistura múltipla: uma alternativa de baixo custo para suplementação alimentar do gado na época da seca.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LOPES, H. O. da S.; PEREIRA, E. A.; SOARES, W. V.; PEREIRA, G.
bitstream/item/99607/1/comtec-69.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Digestible; Forrageira; Mistura múltipla; Protein; Savanna; Supplementary feeding.; Cerrado; Custo; Gado de Corte; Nutrição Animal; Proteína; Seca; Suplemento Alimentar.; Animal nutrition; Forage.; Beef cattle; Energy.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/982765

Construcao de coletor solar de baixo custo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SEIXAS, J.; FOLLE, S. M.
bitstream/item/99117/1/comtec-14.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Solar collector; Aspectos econômicos; Collector; Construção; Costs; Fontes alternativas.; Coletor Solar; Cerrado; Custo; Construção Rural; Energia Solar.; Energy; Solar energy.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/549320

Caracterização dos resíduos da madeira de Eucalyptus dunnii como fonte de energia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PEREIRA, J. C. D.; SCHAITZA, E. G.; HIGA, A. R.
bitstream/CNPF-2009-09/16583/1/pesq-andam-36.PDF
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Resíduos; Fonte alternativa; Eucalyptus dunnii; Residues; Production.; Energia; Madeira; Produção.; Energy; Wood.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/290831

MILHO, sorgo e energia: programas de pesquisa.
Provedor de dados: 14
A breve resenha, que ora se faz, dos programas em andamento e de tecnoJogias já desenvolvidas pelo CNPMS, tem o proposito nao si de prestar contas, relativamente aos esforços que vem empreendendo e aos rumos que vem dando a seus programas de pesquisa, mas também de reconhecer subsidias que possibilitem ao CNPMS, cada vez mais, orientar suas pesquisas na direção dos problemas que realmente vêm comprometendo o desenvolvimento das culturas de milho e sorgo, da agricultura em geral e também dos problemas que dizem respeito ao uso da energia no Brasil. Além disto, busca antecipar-se, oferecendo ao agrícuitor brasileiroalternativas tecnica e economicamente viáveis, alem de socialmente desejaveis e que lhes possibilitem ajustar-se, rapidamente, a novas situacoes....
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Maize.; Energia; Milho; Programa de Pesquisa; Sorghum Bicolor; Sorgo; Zea Mays.; Energy; Research.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/476685

Efeito da granulometria sobre o conteúdo energético do milho para frangos de corte.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ZANOTTO, D. L.; GUIDONI, A. L.; ALBINO, L. F. T.; BRUM, P. A. R. de; FIALHO, F. B.
bitstream/item/58543/1/CUsersPiazzonDocuments218.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Broiler.; Energia; Frango de Corte; Granulometria; Milho; Nutrição.; Energy; Corn; Nutrition.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/434878

Biogás: na sua fazenda a baixo custo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALENCAR, J. de.
Tipo: Artigo de periódico
Palavras-chave: Meio rural; Farm; Biogás; Energia; Energy.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/589871

Relatório técnico anual do Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados 1980-1981.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EMBRAPA. Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria dos Cerrados (Planaltina, DF).
bitstream/item/131340/1/relatorio-05.pdf
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: CPAC; Aspecto socio-economico; Fonte alternativa; Plant diseases; Natural pastures; Feed crops; Management; Socioeconomic organization; Diffusion of research; Flood plains.; Agricultura; Conservação; Cerrado; Deficiência Hídrica; Difusão de Tecnologia; Energia; Doença de Planta; Fertilidade; Floresta; Manejo; Irrigação; Mecanização; Pesquisa; Pastagem Nativa; Planta Forrageira; Recurso Hídrico; Recurso Natural; Sistema de Produção; Várzea.; Solo; Agriculture; Forests; Energy; Irrigation; Research; Mechanization; Natural resources; Soil conservation; Soil management; Soil water deficit; Soil; Technology; Soil fertility; Water resources.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/548809

Parâmetros qualitativos de genótipos de capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) estudados para a produção de energia através da biomassa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: QUESADA, D. M.; BODDEY, R. M.; REIS, V. M.; URQUIAGA, S.
bitstream/CNPAB-2010/32086/1/cit008.pdf
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Elephant grass; Production.; Biomassa; Capim Elefante; Energia; Gramínea Forrageira; Produção.; Forage grasses.; Biomass; Energy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/627821

Utilização da energia e da proteína pelos peixes.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ROTTA, M. A.
Utilização da energia dietética; Fatores que afetam as exigências em energia e proteína nos peixes; Espécie; Fase de produção; Temperatura da água; Condição fisiológica; Salinidade da água; Interação com outros nutrientes; Processos tecnológicos de preparação das dietas; Comparação entre peixes e animais terrestres.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Aquacultura; Protein.; Energia; Peixe; Nutrição; Proteína.; Aquaculture; Fish; Energy; Nutrition.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/810728

MACAÚBA: sistema produtivo para produção de óleo e energia no Semiárido: programa 30: Nordeste/Vale do Jequitinhonha.
Provedor de dados: 14
O Prosa Rural desta semana fala sobre a macaúba e o desenvolvimento de um sistema produtivo para a produção de óleo e energia, em regiões semiáridas. A pesquisadora Simone Fávaro, da Embrapa Agroenergia e o pesquisador Humberto Umbelino, da Embrapa Meio-Norte são alguns dos convidados do programa. Eles falam sobre os estudos da Embrapa para viabilizar a recomendação de um sistema de cultivo da macaúba para a região do Semiárido Nordestino. No programa, você vai conhecer o potencial da macaúba para a produção de óleo e energia.
Tipo: Prosa Rural (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Região semiárida; Energia; Macaúba; Óleo; Bioenergia; Oils; Energy; Bioenergy.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1124117

A Conservative Model for Nonlinear Dynamics in a Stratified, Rotating Fluid
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Filatoff, Nicolas; Carton, Xavier.
We present a set of equations describing the nonlinear dynamics of flows constrained by environmental rotation and stratification (Rossby numbers Ro∈[0.1,0.5] and Burger numbers of order unity). The fluid is assumed incompressible, adiabatic, inviscid and in hydrostatic balance. This set of equations is derived from the Navier Stokes equations (with the above properties), using a Rossby number expansion with second order truncation. The resulting model has the following properties: 1) it can represent motions with moderate Rossby numbers and a Burger number of order unity; 2) it filters inertia-gravity waves by assuming that the divergence of horizontal velocity remains small; 3) it is written in terms of a single function of space and time (pressure,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Incompressible and Stratified Fluids; Intermediate Model; Rossby Number; Burger Number; Conservation Properties; Energy; Potential Vorticity.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00600/71195/69561.pdf

Energy balance of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae fed on animal or vegetable protein based compounded feeds
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jimenez Yan, L; Brito, A; Cuzon, Gerard; Gaxiola, G; Garcia, T; Taboada, G; Soto, L; Brito, R.
L. vannamei postlarvae are normally raised with a protein dense diet (50% protein) rich in fishmeal. Part of the protein is utilized for energy purpose instead of protein synthesis. Based on a previous energy partitioning study, the effects of two isoenergetic compounded feed treatments - animal protein (AP) and vegetable protein and carbohydrates (VPC) - upon growth efficiency and energy budget of shrimp postlarvae and early juveniles were determined. Recovered energy (RE) or production (P) after 50 days trial was similar (2 J day(-1)) in both treatments, from PL14 to PL19. However, early juveniles discriminated between animal protein (116 J day(-1)) and vegetable protein and carbohydrates (88 J day(-1)). The difference in respiration indicated a higher...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shrimp; Physiology; Vegetable protein; Animal protein; Energy; Juvenile; Postlarvae.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1879.pdf

High environmental stress and productivity increase functional diversity along a deep‐sea hydrothermal vent gradient
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alfaro Lucas, Joan Manel; Pradillon, Florence; Zeppilli, Daniela; Michel, Loic; Martinez‐arbizu, P; Tanaka, H; Foviaux, M; Sarrazin, Jozee.
Productivity and environmental stress are major drivers of multiple biodiversity facets and faunal community structure. Little is known on their interacting effects on early community assembly processes in the deep sea (&gt;200 m), the largest environment on Earth. However, at hydrothermal vents productivity correlates, at least partially, with environmental stress. Here, we studied the colonization of rock substrata deployed along a deep‐sea hydrothermal vent gradient at four sites with and without direct influence of vent fluids at 1700 m depth in the Lucky Strike vent field (Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, MAR). We examined in detail the composition of faunal communities (&gt;20 µm) established after two years and evaluated species and functional patterns. We...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Colonization; Community assembly; Energy; Environmental filtering; Functional beta-diversity; Species beta-diversity.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00641/75342/76070.pdf

Microalgues marines : les enjeux de la recherche
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Muller-feuga, Arnaud.
Industrial potentialities related to biotechnology of microalgae are examined, highlighting a wide spectrum of applications which concern principally nutrition, health, environment and energy. The french situation of research on microalgae, especially at Ifremer, is assessed, showing that the main axis are fine chemistry, aquaculture, environment, bio-process engineering. It covers the majority of the applications, but leaves in shade certain important aspects such as human food and CO2 fixation. Concerning the general approach, some significant improvements can be expected from a more accurate control of bacteriological and genetic quality of cultures. About the industrial aspects, a national initiative seems in progress. The variety of potential...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Process engineering; Energy; Environment; Health; Food; Aquaculture; Biotechnology; Microalgae; Génie des procédés; Energie; Environnement; Santé; Alimentation; Aquaculture; Biotechnologie; Microalgues.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/rapport-1092.pdf

Effect of an herbivorous diet on energy balance of Litopenaeus vannamei at selected ontogenetic stages
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maldonado, Carlos; Cuzon, Gerard; Guzman, Emilio; Brito, Roberto; Soto, Luis; Arena, Leticia; Gaxiola, Gabriela.
Herbivorous (20% vegetable protein, 40% carbohydrate) and carnivorous diets (40% marine animal protein, 20% carbohydrate) were experimentally tested to assess their effect on the energy balance and energetic substrates utilized by postlarvae (PL's /15 days) and juvenile shrimp (3-6 g) of Litopenaeus vannamei. Postlarval stage 60 (PL60, early juveniles) shrimps fed HeD and CaD diets, then late juveniles (3-6 g) acclimated to the same diets were tested for their respective energy partitioning potential. No significant differences (p&gt;0.05) on growth were obtained in early juveniles (mean final wet weight of 0.19 g). However in late juvenile stages a significant difference (p&lt;0.05) in growth rate was observed. In terms of energy partitioning, both early...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Energy; Juveniles; Metabolism; Protein sources; Shrimp.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-7402.pdf

Possible link between prey quality, condition and growth of juvenile hake (Merluccius merluccius) in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Harmelin Vivien, Mireille; Mahe, Kelig; Bodiguel, Xavier; Mellon, Capucine.
The energy value of the main prey and the growth of juvenile hake in the Gulf of Lions were analysed to determine whether fish condition could be linked to difference in prey quality and resulted in growth difference. Large differences in energy content (15.6 to 23.6 kJ g(-1) DW) among prey types were recorded with low values found in amphipods and natantid shrimps, intermediate values in euphausiids and mysids, and high values in fish. High condition in juvenile hake was linked to the consumption of prey with high energy content. However, no difference in fish growth was observed by the analysis of otolith micro-increments.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Merluciidae; Merluccius merluccius; Hake; Mediterranean Sea; Energy; Condition; Otolith microstructure.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00092/20332/18611.pdf

Spatial and temporal characteristics of wind and wind power off the coasts of Brittany
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bentamy, Abderrahim; Croize-fillon, Denis.
The main objective of this paper is to thoroughly examine the remotely sensed wind characteristics around the coasts of Brittany as well as some more specific areas. The offshore wind power potential is then assessed. To achieve this objective, information on wind speed and direction with sufficient spatial and temporal sampling under all weather conditions and during day and night is required. This study uses more than 12 years (December 1999–December 2012) of consistent remotely sensed data retrieved from the ASCAT and QuikSCAT scatterometers to estimate the conventional moments and associated wind distribution parameters. The latter are comparable to wind observations from meteorological stations. Furthermore, combining in-situ and scatterometer wind...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Wind; Energy; Scatterometer; Remote sensing; Brittany.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00175/28648/28552.pdf

Molecular cloning and seasonal expression of oyster glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase genes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bacca, Helene; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Daniel, Jean-yves; Delaporte, Maryse; Pouvreau, Stephane; Van Wormhoudt, A; Moal, Jeanne.
To investigate the control at the mRNA level of glycogen metabolism in the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas, we report in the present paper the cloning and characterization of glycogen phosphorylase and synthase cDNAs (Cg-GPH and Cg-GYS, respectively, transcripts of main enzymes for glycogen use and storage), and their first expression profiles depending on oyster tissues and seasons. A strong expression of both genes was observed in the labial palps and the gonad in accordance with specific cells located in both tissues and ability to store glucose. Cg-GPH expression was also found mainly in muscle suggesting ability to use glycogen as readily available glucose to. supply its activity. For seasonal examinations, expression of Cg-GYS and Cg-GPH genes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Regulation; Oyster; Glycogen; Expression; Gene; Energy; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalve.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-435.pdf

Nutrient flux associated with the emergence of Quesada gigas Olivier (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in an urban ecosystem
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Aoki,C; Lopes,FS; de Oliveira,AMR; Souza,FL de; Marques,MR.
Large-bodied arthropods, such as cicadas, can be able to reallocate significant amounts of nutrients during adult emergence. Evidence suggests that Quesada gigas Olivier emergence constitutes an important nutrient flux from belowground to aboveground. The purpose of this study was to estimate the amount of nitrogen, proteins, and lipids resulting from the emergence of Q. gigas in an urban ecosystem in Central Brazil. Adult specimens captured from September to November 2006 were weighed and submitted to biochemical analysis. Population density was approximately 4,200 individuals per hectare. Mean individual dry mass was 1.03 g and contained 12.6% proteins, 8.4% lipids, and 5% nitrogen. Total biomass input from the species was 4.3 kg ha-1 y-1, with a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Annual cicada; Biomass; Energy; Nutrient cycling; Chain feed.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2011000400004

Potencialidades de la energía mar en función de la obtención de energía eléctrica para el desarrollo de la industria pesquera en Cuba
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Vega Desdín, F.M.; Fernández Vila, L.J.; Viamonte Fernández, J.L.; Díaz Díaz, J.E.
Estudios oceanográficos realizados en aguas marinas cubanas han permitido identificar grandes diferencias de temperatura en la distribución vertical de las aguas oceánicas adyacentes; estos gradientes térmicos pueden utilizarse para la generación de energía eléctrica a partir del uso de energía térmica marina. Esta tecnología tiene ventajas secundarias, debido a que el agua fría bombeada desde las profundidades es rica en sustancias nutritivas y sin agentes patógenos la que puede ser utilizada en el cultivo de especies marinas. Otras fuentes de energía marina que pueden ser utilizadas como generadoras de energía eléctrica se relacionan con las mareas y la intensidad de las corrientes marinas, sobre todo en canales y pasas donde los flujos se incrementan.
Tipo: Preprint
Palavras-chave: Energy; Energy; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2565.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3603

Internal tides in the northern South China Sea from 20-day in-situ mooring observations in 1998.
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Cai, Yang; Guo, Pu; Fang, Wendong.
20-day in-situ ADCP current and CTD data are used to investigate the characteristics and energy of the internal tides in the northern South China Sea (NSCS). The results show that the O1, K1, M2 and S2 constituents of internal tides are energetic and diurnal constituents (O1 and K1) are dominating. In the observational period, the current vectors of these four constituents all rotate clockwise and the maximum semi-major axe of internal tidal ellipses is more than 14 cm/s. The variation of ocean temperature shows that the internal tides present obvious quasi-diurnal oscillation and the average amplitude reaches 50 m. Furthermore, these internal tides carry high energy and appear to be intermittent. The maximum values of KE (PE) during the observational...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Internal tides; In situ measurements; Energy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5844

Caracterização energética de pellets in natura e torrificados produzidos com madeira residual de Pinus
Provedor de dados: 190
Autores: Protásio, Thiago de Paula; Trugilho, Paulo Fernando; de Siqueira, Humberto Fauller; de Melo, Isabel Cristina Nogueira Alves; Andrade, Carlos Rogério; Guimarães Junior, José Benedito.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar pellets torrificados e in natura,produzidos a partir da madeira residual de Pinus, destinados ao uso bioenergético. A compactação da madeira residual de Pinus sp. oriunda de serraria foi realizada em uma peletizadora com matriz plana de 8 mm. As torrefações foram realizadas em forno elétrico, tipo mufla, estabilizado em temperaturas finais de 220 °C e 250 °C por 30 min. Foram determinadas as seguintes propriedades nos pellets: densidades aparente e energética unitárias, densidades a granel e energética do granel, composição química imediata (materiais voláteis, cinzas e carbono fixo), poder calorífico superior e umidade. Observou-se aumento do poder calorífico superior e redução do teor de umidade nos pellets...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recursos Florestais; Engenharia Florestal; Energia da Biomassa Florestal. Densificação; Tratamento térmico; Biomassa florestal; Energia Densification; Heat treatment; Forestry biomass; Energy.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/843

Production and evaluation of lignocellulosic residue briquettes
Provedor de dados: 190
Autores: Paula, Luana Elis de Ramos e; Trugilho, Paulo Fernando; Rezende, Raphael Nogueira; Assis, Claudinéia Olímpia de; Baliza, Ana Elisa Rodarte.
This study aimed to produce and evaluating the briquettes made from residues of plant biomass and test different times and temperatures. The material utilized was composed of wood processing residues (wood shaving and sawdust), coffee bean parchment and coffee tree stem, beam stem and pod, soybean stem and pod, rice husk, corn leaf, stem, straw and cob and sugar cane straw and bagasse. Briquetting was performed at a pressure of 150 Bar. Different times were tested for briquetting sawdust from wood and different temperatures for rice husk and parchment coffee. For evaluation of the briquettes quality, the apparent relative density, compression resistance and combustion index were determined. The results indicated that the briquetting time and temperature...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Biomass; Briquetting Energia; Biomassa; Briquetagem.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/253

An Analysis of the Link between Ethanol, Energy, and Crop Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tokgoz,   Simla; Elobeid,   Amani E.
Replaced with revised version of paper 12/06/06.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural markets; Energy; Ethanol; Renewable fuels; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18453

A mezőgazdasági épületek és háztartások energiaköltségének csökkentése fontos a versenyképességben és a megélhetésben
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Herczeg,   Rahel Sara; Suveges,   Peter.
A globális hőmérséklet-növekedés környezeti változásokhoz, a tengerszint emelkedéséhez, a csapadék mennyiségének és térbeli eloszlásának megváltozásához, szélsőséges időjárási viszonyokhoz vezet. Állat- és növényfajok kipusztulásának sebessége jelentősen nő. Bizonyos betegségek könnyebben elterjedhetnek. E fel¬sorolt hatásokból látható, hogy a mezőgazdaságot közvetlenül érinti a klímaváltozás. Fontos tehát, hogy a mezőgazdasági üzemek maguk is tegyenek a káros hatások enyhítéséért.  Lehetséges megoldás a biomassza tüzelése, amely a mezőgazdasági rendeltetésű épületek és háztartások energiaköltségeit jelentősen mérsékli. Tanulmányunk olyan megoldást dolgoz ki, melyben a hő előállításához szükséges energia költsége teljes mértékben megszűnik, ami energiaerdő...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Energia; Költség; Megtakarítás; Mezőgazdasági üzem; Háztartás; Energy; Costs; Savings; Agricultural plants; Households; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92418

Impact of United States Corn-based Ethanol Production on Land Use
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sobowale,   Folakemi; Dicks,   Michael R.; Campiche,   Jody L.
The purpose of this research was to determine whether indirect land use occurs and if so to what extent.  Indirect land use is a change from non-cropland to cropland (e.g. deforestation) that may occur in response to increasing scarcity of cropland.  As farmers worldwide respond to higher crop prices in order to maintain the global food supply and demand balance, pristine lands are cleared and converted to new cropland to replace the crops for feed and food that were diverted elsewhere to biofuels production. We examine the impact of corn-based ethanol production in the United States on land use in other countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Energy; Biofuel; Pristine lands.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98854

A importância da energia para o setor agropecuário: uma abordagem do modelo VECM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alves,   Yony Brugnolo; Costa,   Gilberto Fernandes Da; Ribeiro,   Joao Gabriel; Parre,   Jose Luiz; Alves,   Alexandre Florindo.
O presente trabalho investigou, com as metodologias de causalidade segundo Granger e VECM, a relação entre o PIB Agropecuário brasileiro e as variáveis consumo de energia do setor, maquinário agrícola, rebanho bovino e produção de grãos no período de 1970 a 2005. O consumo de energia foi enfatizando devido à agropecuária ser produtora e consumidora desta. Os resultados apontam uma grande relação, no curto prazo, entre o PIB e o consumo de energia. Quando se considera o conjunto das variáveis encontrou-se evidência de causalidade segundo Granger, evidenciando a importância das variáveis selecionadas como variáveis explicativas do PIB agropecuário. --------------This study used Granger causality and VECM methodologies, to investigate the relationship between...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energia; PIB Agropecuário; VECM; Causalidade segundo Granger; Energy; Agricultural GDP; VECM; Granger Causality; Agribusiness; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108096

Wells and welfare in the Ganga Basin:  Public policy and private initiative in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shah,   Tushaar.
This report analyzes how public policies designed to promote groundwater development over the past 50 years have failed in their promise, and how initiative by private agents can generate the social welfare the region needs so direly. The report outlines a five-pronged strategy for attacking eastern India's rural poverty through fuller utilization of its groundwater resources.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: River basins; Groundwater management; Groundwater development; Groundwater irrigation; Pumps; Tube wells; Public policy; Poverty; Social aspects; Flood water; Water market; Waterlogging; Electricity supplies; Energy; Pricing; Rural development; Villages; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44570

Major Forces and Factors Shaping Global Markets: The Emerging Agricultural World
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brookins,   Carole L.
The world is producing greater opportunity for more people than ever before in the history of mankind. The global agri-food system is dynamic, not static. In order to understand the future trends and potentials for utilizing and improving our agri-food system, it is critical to focus on forces that will improve both productivity and policy to meet the demands of the ever-changing global market. This paper identifies five major trends that will impact the global economy and create structural change in commodity markets.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Energy; Environment; Farm policy; Food safety; Information technology; Infrastructure gaps; Trade logistics; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62280

Discussion: Exchange Rates, Energy Policy and Outcomes in Agricultural Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosson,   C. Parr, III.
These three invited papers examine the role that exchange rates may have in influencing commodity prices, input prices and farm income. The papers arguably represent one of the most important recent attempts to quantify and explain these new linkages. As U.S. and world agriculture moves from a period of high output prices to a period of lower prices, understanding the impact of macroeconomic variables on farm input costs and farm income will become more important. Further, it will be equally important for policy makers to undertake appropriate market interventions in order to have maximum effectiveness should this period of cost-price-squeeze continue to intensify. Each of the papers has something significant to contribute to the understanding and debate...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Exchange rates; Macropolicy; Markets; Trade; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Marketing; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F42.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53098

Market Interactions, Farmer Choices, and the Sustainability of Growing Advanced Biofuels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jiang,   Yong; Swinton,   Scott M.
Advanced biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol are of great interest for their potential to supply a significant portion of U.S. fuel needs plus advantages over corn grain-based ethanol.  The sustainability of agriculture-based advanced biofuels depends on how farmers would respond in providing biomass feedstock, yet economic behavior by farmers has been under recognized by the science community.  Focusing on markets and policy incentives, this research shows that farmers are unlikely to convert current grain cropland to grow a dedicated cellulosic biomass crop such as switchgrass.  However, the financial incentives to harvest cellulosic biomass provided by the 2008 farm bill may stimulate corn production due to demand for corn grain for feed and ethanol and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Energy; Advanced biofuels; Corn; Land use; Switchgrass; Cellulosic ethanol; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43634

Fundamental Economics of Depletable Energy Supply
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krautkraemer,   Jeffrey A.; Toman,   Michael.
In this paper, we first present and discuss the basic logic underlying all neoclassical economic theories of "optimal" energy supply: maximization of the present value of some stream of economic returns. We then discuss how the economic theory of optimal resource depletion has evolved since Hotelling's classic 1931 article. We also consider the power of the theory to support improved empirical understanding of actual behavior. Our discussion of empirical literature indicates that this work has so far provided only limited empirical understanding.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Depletable resources; Energy; Intertemporal optimization; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10842

Avaliação da viabilidade técnica e econômica da utilização de biomassas como fonte energética alternativa em fornos industriais
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lima,   Lilian Maluf de; Oliveira,   Ana Maria Kefalas; Carletti,   Paulo de Tarso Filho; Ferrari,   Renata Cristina; Caixeta,   Jose Vicente Filho.
This study, conducted along the year 2003, was held in the environment of a cement company plant located in the São Paulo State. That industry has used carbon black as predominant energetic source which besides resulting a huge emission of gases (CO and CO2) into the atmosphere, has been more expensive than some other alternatives of biomass sources. Taking into consideration the location of that plant, there was a large supply of available biomass to be used as alternative fuel for industrial ovens. Several biomasses were analyzed and it was concluded that the sugar cane bagasse and residues of wood (sawdust and woodchips) were the most appropriate alternatives to such an industry.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Energy; Transport; Optimization; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55310

A Study Evaluation Model and Index System of Industrial Resource and Energy Consumption in Small Towns
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tong-sheng,   Zhang.
Based on the principles of hierarchy, representativeness, operability and completeness, 10 indices are selected from 3 aspects of resource consumption, energy consumption and environmental emissions during small town development.  Comprehensive evaluation index system for industrial source-energy saving and pollution reducing in small towns in constructed. According to the fuzzy mathematical method, qualitative calculation model of two-level hierarchical structure is constructed. Among them, the first-level model focuses on each specific evaluation index. It calculates the membership degree of region to resource-energy and pollution reducing in evaluation index set, and sorts the calculation results. The second-level model focuses on the first-level...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Small towns; Resource; Energy; Energy saving; Pollution reducing; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93239

Choice of optimum feedstock portfolio for a cellulosic ethanol plant  – A dynamic linear programming solution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kumarappan,   Subbu; Ivanic,   Rasto.
When the lignocellulosic biofuels industry reaches maturity and many types of biomass sources become economically viable, management of multiple feedstock supplies – that vary in their yields, density (tons per unit area), harvest window, storage and seasonal costs, storage losses, transport distance to the production plant – will become increasingly important for the success of individual enterprises. The manager’s feedstock procurement problem is modeled as a multi-period sequence problem to account for dynamic management over time. The case is illustrated with a hypothetical 53 million annual US gallon cellulosic ethanol plant located in south west Kansas that requires approximately 700,000 metric dry tons of biomass. The problem is framed over 40...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cellulosic ethanol; Feedstock; Switchgrass; Miscanthus; Corn stover; Optimization; Biofuels; Biomass; Energy; Renewable; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49407

Energy and Chemicals from Native Grasses: Production, Transportation and Processing Technologies Considered in the Northern Great Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiffany,   Douglas G.; Jordan,   Brendan; Dietrich,   Erin; Vargo-Daggett,   Becca.
Production of biomass from native prairie species offers the opportunity to produce energy and chemicals while providing substantial ecological services in the Northern Great Plains.  This paper analyzes the application of rapid pyrolysis to produce bio-oil, which has the potential for use as a low-grade fuel oil or as a source for extraction of valuable chemicals.  Yields of bio-oil, the quantities of extractable chemicals, and chemical prices drive the economics of this concept, which has a more extensive track record utilizing wood chips.  A spreadsheet model was developed to determine gross margins available to defray costs to extract and refine such chemical products as hydroxyacetaldehyde, phenol, formic acid, acetic acid and various resins....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Prairie grasses; Pyrolysis; Economics; Chemicals; Energy; Bio-oil; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13838

The effect of biofuel on the international oil market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hochman,   Gal; Rajagopal,   Deepak; Zilberman,   David.
This paper derives a method to quantify the impact of biofuel on fuel markets, assuming that these markets are dominated by cartel of oil-rich countries, and that prices in these countries are set to maximize the sum of domestic consumer and producer surplus, leading to a wedge between domestic and international fuel prices. We model this behavior by applying the optimal export tax model (henceforth, the cartel-of-nations model) to the fuel markets. Using data from 2007 to calibrate the model, we show that the introduction of biofuels reduces global fossil fuel consumption and international fuel prices by about 1% and 2%, respectively. We identify large differences between the effects of introducing biofuels using the cartel-of-nations model, in contrast...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; OPEC; Biofuel; Fuel; Carbon savings; Optimal export tax model; Cheap oil; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F1; Q4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59170

Improving performance and financial viability of irrigation systems in India and China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
China and India face similar challenges in managing their irrigation economies. Both are developing nations with large agricultural populations, high population densities and a high proportion of agriculture under irrigation. Both are facing challenges in financing existing irrigation systems in the face of broader economic reforms. And in both countries, groundwater provides a particular challenge since it is a major source of irrigation, but with accelerating declines in both quantity and quality. Problems in financing surface irrigation systems, worries about continued groundwater table declines along with cost implications for both farmers and the energy industry, and a range of other issues have raised serious concerns over the future sustainability...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation systems; Groundwater irrigation; Energy; Cost recovery; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113015

Interdependencies in the Energy-Bioenergy-Food Price Systems: A Cointegration Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ciaian,   Pavel; Kancs,   d'Artis.
The present paper examines a long-run relationship between the energy, bioenergy and food prices. In the recent years the bioenergy production has increased significantly around the world. The increase has been driven by rising energy prices as well as by environmental policies aiming at reducing the harmful effects of conventional sources of energy, such as climate change. Bioenergy, in turn, affects agricultural markets, because it uses agricultural commodities as inputs. The theoretical model we develop predicts that, because of price inelastic food demand, the agricultural price increase may be substantial. The empirical findings confirm the theoretical hypothesis that energy prices do affect prices of agricultural commodities. However, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Bioenergy; Crude oil; Renewable fuel; Cointegration; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C14; C22; C51; Q11; Q13; Q42.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61009

Modeling International Trends in Energy Efficiency and Carbon Emissions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stern,   David I.
This study uses a stochastic production frontier to model energy efficiency trends, in 85 countries over a 37 year period. No structure is imposed on technological change over time, although differences in technology level across the countries are modelled as a stochastic function of explanatory variables. These variables are selected by a literature survey and a theoretical model of energy-efficient technology choice.   An improvement in a country’s energy efficiency is measured as a reduction in energy intensity, while holding constant that economy’s mix of inputs and outputs. All other things remaining constant, the country using the least energy per unit output is on the global best-practice frontier. The model is used to derive decompositions of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Energy; Efficiency; Carbon; Emissions; Technological change; Between estimator; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; O33; O47; Q43; Q54; Q55; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94950

Integrated Management of the Blue Nile Basin in  Ethiopia: Hydropower and Irrigation Modeling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Block,   Paul J.
Ethiopia is at a critical crossroads with a large and increasing population, a depressed national economy, insufficient agricultural production, and a low number of developed energy sources. The upper Blue Nile basin harbors considerable untapped potential for irrigation and hydropower development and expansion. Numerous hydrologic models have been developed to assess hydropower and agricultural irrigation potential within the basin, yet often fail to adequately address critical aspects, including the transient stages of large-scale reservoirs, relevant flow retention policies and associated downstream ramifications, and the implications of stochastic modeling of variable climate and climate change. A hydrologic model with dynamic climate capabilities is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Dams; Water resources development; Hydrologic model; Energy; Climate variability; Climate change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42413

Household Energy Demand and the Equity and Efficiency Aspects of Subsidy Reform in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olivia,   Susan; Gibson,   John.
The proper design of price interventions requires consideration of equity and efficiency effects. In this paper, budget survey data from 29,000 Indonesian households are used to estimate a demand system for five energy sources, which is identified by the spatial variation in unit values (expenditures divided by quantities). We correct for the various quality and measurement error biases that result when unit values are used as proxies for market prices. The price elasticities are combined with tax and subsidy rates to calculate the marginal social cost of price changes for each item. The results suggest that even at high levels of inequality aversion there is a strong case for reducing the large subsidies on gasoline and kerosene, supporting the reforms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand elasticities; Energy; Fuels; Subsidies; Unit Values; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D12; Q31.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25745

The Effect of Increased Energy Prices on Agriculture: A Differential Supply Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moss,   Charles B.; Livanis,   Grigorios T.; Schmitz,   Andrew.
The increase in energy prices between 2004 and 2007 has several potential consequences for aggregate agriculture in the U.S. We estimate the derived input demand elasticities for energy as well as capital, labor, and materials using the differential supply formulation. Given that the derived input demand for energy is inelastic, it is more price-responsive than the other inputs. The results also indicate that the U.S. aggregate agricultural supply function is responsive to energy prices.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Differential input demand; Concavity constrained; Energy; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C30; Q11; Q42.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100514

ALTERNATIVAS PARA A GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA RENOVÁVEL NO BRASIL: A OPÇÃO PELA BIOMASSA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marconato,   Mariane Silva; Santini,   Giuliana Aparecida.
Durante muito tempo, os recursos fósseis e hídricos foram os grandes propulsores da civilização e da economia. O Brasil também se apoiou nessas fontes energéticas para o desenvolvimento de atividades industriais, agrícolas, de serviços e da própria sociedade. Entretanto, vive-se hoje uma crise no abastecimento energético, em função da problemática geopolítica, econômica e ambiental em torno da extração e comercialização desses recursos, uma vez que possuem ainda, caráter não renovável, portanto, finito na natureza. Os escassos investimentos governamentais e a abertura econômica do setor energético resultou no fim do monopólio energético, o que favoreceu a implantação de sistemas alternativos, na maioria, advindos da biomassa. Dentre esses, destaca-se a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energia; Fóssil; Hídrico; Renovável; Biomassa; Energy; Fossil; Water; Renewable; Biomass; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112629

The Future of Renewable Electricity in Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buckman,   Greg; Diesendorf,   Mark.
If long-term greenhouse gas emissions in Australia are to be reduced, renewable energy is likely to be critical. This is particularly so if deep cuts are eventually implemented. Current government policies ( including emissions trading and electricity, the feed-in tariffs announced in 2008), are likely to have only modest impacts on renewable electricity generation in Australia at least until 2020. Australia’s renewable electricity base will remain narrow with little solar technologies’ contribution before 2020. This will not provide an adequate basis for delivering long-term deep cuts to Australia’s greenhouse emissions nor for achieving major greenhouse gas emission reductions at least cost.   The future of Australia’s renewable electricity rests mainly...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Renewable electricity; Energy; Greenhouse emissions; Emissions trading; Renewable portfolio standard; Feed-in tariff.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94879

Examining the Evolving Correspondence Between Petroleum Prices and Agricultural Commodity Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campiche,   Jody L.; Bryant,   Henry L.; Richardson,   James W.; Outlaw,   Joe L.
Over the last few years, the production of renewable fuels has increased dramatically.  Rising oil prices, limited supplies of fossil fuel, and increased concerns about global warming have created a growing demand for renewable energy sources.  Both the ethanol and biodiesel industries have experienced tremendous growth in the past few years.  The production of these fuels is highly dependent on the availability of agricultural feedstocks.  This research examined the covariability between crude oil prices and corn, sorghum, sugar, soybeans, soybean oil, and palm oil prices during the 2003-2007 time period.  Johansen cointegration tests revealed no cointegrating relationships during the 2003-2005 time frame.  However, corn prices and soybean prices were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Ethanol; Biodiesel; Renewable fuels; Crude oil prices; Cointegration; Demand and Price Analysis; Q11; Q13; Q42.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9881

Interfuel Substitution: A Meta-Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stern,   David I.
Interfuel substitutability has been of longstanding interest to energy economists and policy makers. However, there has been no quantitative meta-analysis of this literature.   This research report fills this gap by analysing a broad sample of studies of interfuel substitution in the industrial sector, manufacturing industry or sub-industries, and macro-economy of a variety of developed and developing economies. The primary study sample size has been included in the meta-regression to control for publication bias.   At the industrial level, results for the shadow elasticities of substitution between coal, oil, gas, and electricity for forty-six primary studies show that, except for gas-electricity and coal-electricity, there are easy substitution...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Energy; Substitution; Elasticity; Interfuel; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D24; Q40.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94882

Environmental Security and its Implications for China’s Foreign Relations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mochizuki,   Junko; Zhang,   ZhongXiang.
China’s emerging standing in the world demands a major rethinking of its diplomatic strategies. Given its population size, geographical scale, economic power and military presence, China is poised to play a larger political role in the twenty-first century, and is thus perceived by the international community to have greater capacities, capabilities and responsibilities. At the same time, environmental stresses caused by China’s energy and resources demands have become increasingly evident in recent years, urging China to cultivate delicate diplomatic relations with its neighbors and strategic partners. Tensions have been seen in areas such as transboundary air pollution, cross-border water resources management and resources exploitation, and more recently...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Acid Rain; Climate Change; Energy; Environmental Security; Transboundary Air Pollution; Water Resource Management; Asia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q34; Q48; Q42; Q53; Q54; Q56; Q58; O13; P28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102508

Energy efficiency, innovation, and job creation in California
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roland-Holst,   David W.
Global climate change poses significant risks to the California economy. Recognizing and responding to these threats, Governor Schwarzenegger signed Executive Order #S-3-05 (Schwarzenegger 2005) which called for a 30 percent reduction below business-as-usual of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 and 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050. In September 2006, the California legislature passed and Governor Schwarzenegger signed into law the historic Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), which mandates a first-in-the-nation limit on emissions that cause global warming. In June 2006, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) released a “Draft Scoping Plan” – the policy roadmap to meet the emissions reduction target of 169 Million Metric Tons of Carbon (MMTCO2)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Sustainability; Climate change; Economic policy; Energy policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46718

How Market Efficiency and the Theory of Storage Link Corn and Ethanol Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mallory,   Mindy L.; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Irwin,   Scott H.
In this article we use the theories of market efficiency and supply of storage to develop a conceptual link between the corn and ethanol markets and explore statistical evidence for the link. We propose that a long-run no-profit condition is established in distant futures markets for ethanol, corn, and natural gas and then use the theory of storage to define an inter-temporal equilibrium among these prices. The relationship shows that under certain conditions, future price expectations will influence current spot prices and that a short-term relationship between input and output prices will exist. This short-term relationship will contain fixed costs. We demonstrate validity of the theory using a structural price model and then by means of time-series...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Arbitrage; Cointegration; Corn; Energy; Ethanol; Futures; Price-analysis; Storage.; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97611

Reducing the environmental footprint of pig finishing barns
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobson,   Larry D.; Schmidt,   David R.; Lazarus,   William F.; Koehler,   Robert.
Written for presentation at the 2011 ASABE Annual International Meeting Sponsored by ASABE Gault House, Louisville, Kentucky August 7 – 10, 2011
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Swine Housing; Energy; Emissions; Environmental Footprint; Economic Viability; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122609

Returns in Commodities Futures Markets and Financial Speculation: A Multivariate GARCH Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Manera,   Matteo; Nicolini,   Marcella; Vignati,   Ilaria.
This paper analyses futures prices for four energy commodities (light sweet crude oil, heating oil, gasoline and natural gas) and five agricultural commodities (corn, oats, soybean oil, soybeans and wheat), over the period 1986-2010. Using CCC and DCC multivariate GARCH models, we find that financial speculation is poorly significant in modelling returns in commodities futures while macroeconomic factors help explaining returns in commodities futures. Moreover, spillovers between commodities are present and the conditional correlations among commodities are high and time-varying.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Commodities; Futures Markets; Financial Speculation; Multivariate GARCH; Financial Economics; C32; G13; Q11; Q43.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122868

Bringing pumps to people: giving the poor better access to groundwater irrigation: sustainable approaches and options for eastern India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute,   IWMI-TATA Water Policy Program.
The State government has a vital role to play in developing groundwater resources to help improve the lot of the poorest people in eastern India's rural communities. Many States have tried to achieve this over the past 50 years through centrally planned public tube-well programs. Recently published research says that most of these efforts have failed to bring irrigation or improved livelihoods to the poor. This research shows how policy makers can have a significant positive impact on poverty reduction by removing pump subsidies and opening pump markets to international competition. Subsidies and import restrictions have kept pump prices in India artificially inflated, by more than 35-45%, over those of neighbouring Pakistan and Bangladesh. If a 'shock...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Groundwater irrigation; Pumps; Tube wells; Energy; Electricity supplies; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113062

Factors Affecting Direct and Indirect Energy Use in U.S. Corn Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Musser,   Wesley N.; Lambert,   Dayton M.; Daberkow,   Stan G.
The recent volatility of energy prices has numerous policy implications for agriculture. A better understanding of the factors associated with energy consumption as related to crop production management decisions and technology use may provide insight about how producers might respond to program or market incentives targeting energy use in particular, and soil and water conservation in general. Adoption of minimum tillage could reduce erosion and improved fertilizer management practices could reduce nitrogen runoff. Energy costs may be reduced with adoption of reduced tillage technology, improved drying and irrigation systems, or more careful attention to the application and timing of fertilizers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Fuel; Nitrogen; Farm management; Technology; Crop Production/Industries; Q12; Q40.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21063

Dynamic adjustments in the Dutch greenhouse sector due to environmental regulations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Verreth,   Daphne M.I.; Emvalomatis,   Grigorios; Bunte,   Frank H.J.; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.
Horticultural firms are dependent on energy to produce, while policy makers focus on reducing the use of energy and investment in energy-saving technologies. The paper aimed to asses Dutch greenhouse farmers‘ responses to policies that would affect prices of different energy inputs. The farmer’s behaviour is modelled in two steps: firms are assumed to maximize profit at given energy use level, and firms are assumed to minimize the discounted sum of energy costs. The model is estimated using farm survey data spanning the period 2001-2008. Short-run and long-run elasticities with respect to prices and investments in energy-using technology are estimated. The greenhouse sector shows a fast adjustment of energy capital towards its long-run equilibrium. This...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse horticulture; Energy; Dynamic duality; Adjustment costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; C51; C61; D92; Q12; Q18; Q48.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99364

Dynamic and static behaviour with respect to energy use and investment of Dutch Greenhouse firms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Verreth,   Daphne M.I.; Emvalomatis,   Grigorios; Bunte,   Frank H.J.; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.
Dutch greenhouse horticultural firms are energy-intensive and major emitters of greenhouse gases. This paper develops a theoretically consistent model that is able to describe the greenhouse firms` behaviour regarding energy use and investments in energy technology. The behaviour of the firm is modelled using a combination of a dynamic cost function and a static profit function framework. This paper derives the optimal quantity of energy and energy capital from the link between these two functions. The model is applied to a panel of 97 Dutch greenhouse firms over the period 2001-2008. The results show that most Dutch greenhouse firms shift from being net electricity users to net electricity producers in the long run. Investing in energy capital contribute...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse horticulture; Energy; Dynamic duality; Short-run marginal cost; Adjustment costs; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123508

Understanding the Underlying Fundamentals of Ethanol Markets: Linkages between Energy and Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tokgoz,   Simla; Elobeid,   Amani E.
This study analyzes the impact of price shocks in three input and output markets critical to ethanol: gasoline, corn, and sugar. We investigate the impact of these shocks on ethanol and related agricultural markets in the United States and Brazil. We find that the composition of a country's vehicle fleet determines the direction of the response of ethanol consumption to changes in the gasoline price. We also find that a change in feedstock costs affects the profitability of ethanol producers and the domestic ethanol price. In Brazil, where two commodities compete for sugarcane, changes in the sugar market affect the competing ethanol market.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural markets; Energy; Ethanol; Renewable fuels; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q11; Q18; Q42.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9795

Climate Change, Energy Demand and Market Power in a General Equilibrium Model of the World Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roson,   Roberto; Bosello,   Francesco; De Cian,   Enrica.
Future energy demand will be affected by changes in prices and income, but also by other factors, like temperature levels. This paper draws upon an econometric study, disentangling the contribution of temperature in the determination of the annual regional demand for energy goods. Combining estimates of temperature elasticities with scenarios of future climate change, it is possible to assess variations in energy demand induced (directly) by the global warming. We use this information to simulate a change in the demand structure of households in a CGE model of the world economy, in a set of assessment exercises. The changing demand structure triggers a structural adjustment process, influencing trade flows, regional competitiveness of industries and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Energy; Computable General Equilibrium Models; Imperfect Competition; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D58; F12; Q43; Q54.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9095

Economic Competitiveness of Bioenergy Production and Effects on Agriculture of the Southern Region
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: English,   Burton C.; Torre Ugarte,   Daniel de la; Walsh,   Marie E.; Hellwinckel,   Chad M.; Menard,   R. Jamey.
The economic competitiveness of biobased industries is discussed by comparing the South relative to other regions of the United States and biomass as a feedstock source relative to fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum.  An estimate of the biomass resource base is provided.  Estimated changes in the agricultural sector over time resulting from the development of a large-scale biobased industry are reported, and a study on the potential to produce electricity from biomass compared with coal in the southern United States is reviewed.  A biobased industry can increase net farm income and enhance economics development and job creation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biobased industries; Biomass; Cofire; Energy; Ethanol; Lignocellulosic; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q41; R15; Q11.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43775

Understand the energy demand behaviours for a sustainable management of the natural resources in Cameroon.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkendah,   Robert.
In order to fall under a prospect for sustainable management of the natural resources in Cameroon, this communication tries, using a 1996 survey carried out from 400 households in the towns of Yaounde, Mbalmayo and Ebolowa, to understand the demand behaviours of the urban households, with respect to the various sources of energy. The work aims to highlight the place of the firewood like source of energy. The results obtained confirm the important place of the firewood in its various forms like source of energy in urban areas and thus indicating a threat on the future of the natural resources, in particular forest, in Cameroon. The income-elasticity analysis showed that, contrary to "modern" fuels that are the oil and the gas which are normal goods, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Household surveys; Demand; Income-elasticity; Natural resources; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7927

The Impact of Energy Markets on the EU Agricultural Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tokgoz,   Simla.
The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of crude oil prices on the EU agricultural sector in an era when the biofuels sector is expanding because of policy initiatives and the desire to find alternative fuel sources. To this end, first a baseline is set up for the EU ethanol, grain, and dried distillers grains markets. In the next step, two different scenarios are run. The first scenario incorporates a 10-Euros-per-barrel increase in the EU crude oil price with the ethanol import tariffs in place. The second scenario incorporates the same shock with the ethanol import tariffs removed. In the first scenario, higher crude oil prices increase ethanol consumption, production, and therefore grain prices. In the second scenario, the impact of trade...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic models; Energy; Trade analysis and policy.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47051

AGRICULTURAL PRICE VOLATILITY UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE: The Impact of Multiple Objectives on Commodity Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuss,   Sabine; Havlik,   Petr; Szolgayova,   Jana; Obersteiner,   Michael; Schmid,   Erwin.
Agricultural price volatility has moved to the forefront of research efforts and political discussion, where much work is already being undertaken with respect to the impact of fluctuations in input prices (e.g. fertilizer, feed and energy). In this paper we also want to take into account the impact of climate change on prices via increased volatility in crop yields. In addition, we analyze the impact of having multiple objectives competing for the land on which crops are grown. In particular, we want to address the concerns that have been voiced about biofuel targets and calls for prioritization of food security.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Food security; Food price volatility; Optimization under uncertainty; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12; Q18; Q28; C61; D81.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122539

BIO-ENERGY FROM WINERY BY-PRODUCTS: A NEW MULTIFUNCTIONAL TOOL FOR THE ITALIAN WINE DISTRICTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Begalli,   Diego; Codurri,   Stefano; Gaeta,   Davide.
This paper aims to investigate if the legislation will allow the production of energy from winery by-products and how this can contribute to multifunctionality of the wine makers’ income. A medium size winery was selected and an anaerobic digestor process was simulated using the company’s data. The main methods of financial evaluation were studied to create information to see if the project concepts were valid. The results highlight the positive level of earnings that the project will generate due to the high level of methane included in the pressings that could be transformed in energy, the short period needed for obtaining methane and the recent substantial level of government support both in Green Certificates and financing of the initial cost of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Winery by-products; Multifunctionality; Energy; Wine district; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57492

Market Structure and the Penetration of Alternative Energy Technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
Energy market prices ignore external effects, hence miss-allocate energy generation between (polluting) fossil fuels and (clean) solar technologies. Correcting the failure requires understanding the market allocation forces at hand. An important feature of solar energy is that its cost of supply is predominantly due to upfront investments in capital infrastructure (rather than to the actual supply rate) and this feature has far reaching implications for the market allocation outcome. Studying the market allocation process, we specify the conditions under which solar technologies penetrate the energy sector. The framework is then used to analyze policy regulation in the form of taxing fossil energy and subsidizing investments in solar energy. The first...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Solar technologies; Fossil fuels; Price thresholds; Regulation; Environmental damage; Learning by doing; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Marketing; C61; Q42; Q58.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47174

Macroeconomic and welfare consequences of high energy prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Twimukye,   Evarist P.; Matovu,   John Mary.
The current wave of volatile international oil process coupled with the low hydro-energy generation continues to exert negative impacts on the Ugandan economy. This paper analyzes the extent to which changes in energy prices affect the economy and examines policy options that can be undertaken to circumvent the negative effects. The impact of higher oil prices takes a large toll on all sectors including agriculture, manufacturing and services. With the existing loses in productivity of generating hydro electricity, this has exacerbated the energy crisis. The combined output loss for the manufacturing sector due to increase in fuel prices and a shortage of electricity is estimated at 2 percent on annual basis. While the government has title control on the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Oil; Energy; Hydro-electricity; Public investment; Twimukye; Matovu; EPRC; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54803

ENERGIAS RENOVÁVEIS: FUTURO DO PLANETA E INCLUSÃO SOCIAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pacheco,   Carlos Thadeu.
Atualmente, cerca de 5% de toda a energia produzida no planeta é de fonte renovável. O grande mercado energético brasileiro e mundial poderá dar sustentação a um imenso programa de geração de emprego e renda a partir da produção do biodiesel. Mais do que opções de matérias-primas, existem diferenças importantes com relação aos conhecimentos tecnológicos utilizados para a produção e consumo de biodiesel e derivados de petróleo, que os configuram como trajetórias tecnológicas distintas e concorrentes no mercado de combustíveis.-----------------------------------Currently, about 5% of all the energy produced in the planet it is of renewable source. The great Brazilian and world-wide energy market iwill be able to give to sustentation to an immense program of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Produção; Consumo; Petróleo; Energético; Production; Oil; Energy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108167

Energy and Economic Development: An Assessment of the State of Knowledge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Toman,   Michael; Jemelkova,   Barbora.
Energy development is an integral part of enhanced economic development. The fact that expanded provision and use of energy services is strongly associated with economic development leaves open how important energy is as a causal factor in economic development, however; and energy development competes with other opportunities for scarce capital and opportunities for policy and institutional reform. In this paper we first give a brief conceptual discussion that seeks to identify the channels through which increased availability of energy services might be a key to stimulating economic development along different stages of the development process. We then examine some empirical work to see what evidence it might provide regarding possible channels of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Economic development; Productivity; Poverty alleviation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q41; Q43.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10685

Emissions Trading and the Convergence of the Australian Electricity and Transport Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reedman,   Luke J.; Graham,   Paul W.
Bottom up partial equilibrium modelling of the energy sector has tended to focus on the electricity sector given its typically large share of total emissions, the deregulation of that market in many countries and the relatively well understood technology options. In contrast, this paper employs a model of the energy sector to investigate the proportion electricity and transport may contribute given the relative cost of abatement in those sectors, for specified emission targets. A related issue is the potential convergence of the two sectors through greater uptake of electrically powered transport.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Emissions trading; Electricity and transport; Integrated modelling; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6042

The effect of biofuel on the international oil market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hochman,   Gal; Rajagopal,   Deepak; Zilberman,   David.
This paper derives a method to quantify the short- to medium-run impact of biofuel on fuel markets, assuming that these markets are dominated by cartel of oil-rich countries, and that prices in these countries are set to maximize the sum of domestic consumer and producer surplus, leading to a wedge between domestic and international fuel prices. We model this behavior by applying the optimal export tax model (henceforth, the cartel-of-nations model) to the fuel markets. Using data from 2007 to calibrate the model, we show that the introduction of biofuels lowered global gasoline and diesel consumption and international fuel prices by about 1% and 2%, respectively. We identify large differences between the effects of introducing biofuels using the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; OPEC; Biofuel; Fuel; Carbon savings; Optimal export tax model; Cheap oil; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F1; Q4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61722

The Impact of Demographic and Structural Change on Transport Use
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ballingall,   John; Steel,   Doug.
The 2002 New Zealand Transport Strategy states that in the long run, economic development and transport activity need not be directly related. This implies that a degree of „decoupling‟ is required – that economic development needs to occur without similar growth in transport. Before evaluating the possible impacts of policies that may be introduced to achieve decoupling, it is vital to consider what might happen to the relationship between economic development and transport over the next 50 or 100 years. Two key factors that are likely to impact upon this relationship in the future are demographic change and structural change. This paper suggests that in the absence of any policy change, some decoupling of economic development and transport may take place...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transport; Economic development; Decoupling; Demographics; Energy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97782

Energy-Based Economic Development: Mapping the Developing Country Context
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carley,   Sanya; Desai,   Sameeksha; Bazilian,   Morgan.
Energy-based economic development (EBED) can provide economic, social and environmental benefits related to national economic development and sustainable growth activities. As both policy and research interests in responsible mechanisms for economic development grow, EBED benefits are becoming increasingly attractive to planners in both developed and developing countries. The incentives, trade-offs, and payoffs for developing countries, however, are not well documented. To help address that gap, this paper identifies the general scope and role of EBED in a developing economy context, and outlines opportunities and challenges for decision-makers.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic Development; Energy; Developing Countries; Sustainable Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O10; O13; O21; Q48.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123278

The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shapouri,   Hosein; Duffield,   James A.; Wang,   Michael Q.
Studies conducted since the late 1970s have estimated the net energy value (NEV) of corn ethanol. However, variations in data and assumptions used among the studies have resulted in a wide range of estimates. This study identifies the factors causing this wide variation and develops a more consistent estimate. We conclude that the NEV of corn ethanol has been rising over time due to technological advances in ethanol conversion and increased efficiency in farm production. We show that corn ethanol is energy efficient as indicated by an energy output:input ratio of 1.34.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Net energy balance; Corn production; Energy; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34075

Institutional settings and livelihood strategies in the Blue Nile Basin: Implications for upstream/downstream linkages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haileslassie,   Amare; Hagos,   Fitsum; Mapedza,   Everisto; Sadoff,   Claudia W.; Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Gebreselassie,   Solomon; Peden,   Don.
Through rapid assessment of existing literature and review of policy and other official documents, the report synthesizes the existing knowledge and gaps on policies and institutions and identifies key research issues that need in-depth study. The report provides an overview of the range of key livelihoods and production systems in the Blue Nile Basin (BNB) and highlights their relative dependence on, and vulnerability to, water resources and water-related ecosystem services. It also makes an inventory of current water and land related policies and institutions in the BNB, their organizational arrangements, dynamics and linkages and key policy premises. It highlights the major problems in institutional arrangements and policy gaps and makes suggestions for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basins; Water policy; Institutions; Institutional development; Farming systems; Mixed farming; Cereals; Sorghum; Irrigated farming; Vegetables; Pastoralism; Poverty; Water supply; Sanitation; Labor; Ecosystems; Energy; Water power; Watershed management; Water harvesting; Legal aspects; Environmental policy; Water users associations; Irrigation programs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91871

Strategic Resource Dependence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gerlagh,   Reyer; Liski,   Matti.
We consider a situation where an exhaustible-resource seller faces demand from a buyer who has a perfect substitute but there is a time-to-build delay for the substitute. We  that find in this simple framework the basic implications of the Hotelling model (1931) are reversed: over time the stock declines but supplies increase up to the point where the buyer decides to switch. Under such a threat of demand change, the supply does not reflect the true current resource scarcity but leads to increased future scarcity, felt during the transition to the substitute supplies. The analysis suggests a perspective on costs of oil dependence.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Dynamic Bilateral Monopoly; Markov-Perfect Equilibrium; Depletable Resources; Energy; Alternative Fuels; Oil Dependence; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D4; D9; O33; Q40.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44222

Efficiency Improving Fossil Fuel Technologies for Electricity Generation: Data Selection and Trends
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lanzi,   Elisa; Verdolini,   Elena; Hascic,   Ivan.
This paper studies innovation dynamics in efficiency improving electricity generation technologies as an important means of mitigating climate change impacts. Relevant patents are identified and used as an indicator of innovation. We find that patenting in efficiency improving technologies has mostly been stable over time, with a recent decreasing trend. We also find that majority of patents are first filed in OECD countries and only then in non-OECD or BRIC countries. Conversely, non-OECD and BRIC countries apply for patents that are mostly marketed domestically. This result shows that there is significant technology transfer in the field of efficiency improving technologies for electricity production. This flow of know-how is likely to contribute to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Technological Innovation; Energy; Patents; Fossil Fuels; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q32; Q4; Q55.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99688

The energy-irrigation nexus
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute,   IWMI-TATA Water Policy Program.
Electricity subsidies for farmers are an expensive legacy of past development policies. The result is overuse of both energy and water in groundwater-irrigated agriculture—threatening the financial viability of the power sector and the future of the groundwater resource itself, along with the livelihoods of the millions who depend on it. The most popular solution is the metered tariff, promoted by international donors and many of India’s state governments. But metering is the ideal solution only if the cost of metering and billing 14 million scattered, small users in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh is ignored. Easier, more feasible and more beneficial in the short run in many parts of South Asia would be the use of a rational flat tariff, which avoids the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water management; Energy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113065

Energy efficiency and appliance replacement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: LaFrance,   Jeffrey T.
Engineering models generally find that most consumers are unwilling to adopt energy  efficient appliances, even though the financial returns are positive. It is commonly thought that this is either due to market imperfections such as an incomplete credit market, very high intertemporal consumer discount rates, or irrational behavior. This paper presents a more sanguine explanation based on a model of rational dynamic choice in an uncertain environment. A random utility model (RUM) with consumer preferences that depend on the quality mix of energy-using appliances predicts that under plausible conditions - including the consumer's intertemporal discount rate equal to the real market rate of return on risk free investments - it may well be optimal for...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Appliances; Consumers' preferences; Econometric models; Efficiency; Energy; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120462

Economic Impacts of Establishing Short Rotation Woody Crops to Support Energy Production in Minnesota
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lazarus,   William F.; Tiffany,   Douglas G.
The utilization of short rotation woody crops (SRWC) to produce wood on marginal crop and pasture land could greatly enhance the production of wood for various uses in Minnesota with utilization for energy being of current interest. SRWC involves the more intensive application of inputs on more valuable land than naturally regenerated forests that currently supply the bulk of the forest products industry in Minnesota. Breeding efforts to improve productivity and disease resistance in hybrid poplar species are making the technology of SRWC competitive with agricultural uses of marginal land. This study models the economic impact of a potential shift in use of the land resource by replacing production of hay and pasture that provides feed for cow-calf beef...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hybrid Poplar; SRWC; IMPLAN; Economics; Energy; Ethanol; OSB; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46869

Total Factor Productivity Growth when Factors of Production Generate Environmental Externalities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vouvaki,   Dimitra; Xepapadeas,   Anastasios.
Total factor productivity growth (TFPG) has been traditionally associated with technological change. We show that when a factor of production, such as energy, generates an environmental externality in the form of CO2 emissions which is not internalized because of lack of environmental policy, then TFPG estimates could be biased. This is because the contribution of environment as a factor of production is not accounted for in the growth accounting framework. Empirical estimates confirm this hypothesis and suggest that part of what is regarded as technology’s contribution to growth could be attributed to the use of environment in output production.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Total Factor Productivity; Sources of Growth; Environmental Externalities; Energy; Environmental Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; O47; Q20; Q43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50405

Energy, Environment and the Sustainability of Economic Development in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fang,   Xingming; Hu,   Xiaoping; Wang,   H. Holly.
Whether the high economic growth of China is sustainable is the matter of interest to the public, government and academic circle of China and meanwhile it catches the attention of the world because the development of China has been exerting increasing impact on the world economy.  Since the high economic growth of China has been promoted by heavy and chemical industry (HCI) to a great extent, which resulted in high consumption of energy resource, high consumption of mineral resources and high emission of pollutants (the “triple highness”), the sustainability of high economic growth of China depends on a sustainable growth road for China’s HCI and effective control on the “triple highness”.  We find that the contributing factors of the “triple highness” are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Energy; Resource; Pollution; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O10; O11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6274

Climate change risk and response
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kahrl,   Fredrich; Roland-Holst,   David W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; Sustainability; Climate change; Risk; Economic conditions; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46721

Effects of the Dietary Inclusion of Xylanase on the Performance and Jejunum Morphometry of Meat-Type Quails
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Grecco,ET; Marcato,SM; Oliveira,TMM; Stanquevis,CE; Grieser,DO; Perine,TP; Finco,EM; Benites,MI.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the supplementation of two xylanase products to diets with reduced metabolizable energy fed to meat-type quails during the starter phase (1-14 days). A completely randomized experimental design in a 2 x 3 + 1 factorial arrangement two reduced metabolizable energy (ME) diets, inclusion or not of xylanase, and a control diet with no enzyme addition) was applied, totaling seven treatments with five replicates of 45 quails each. At 14 days of age, jejunum segments were collected for morphometry evaluation. No interaction between the studied factors were detected for performance and jejunal morphometry parameters. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion were not influenced by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbohydrases; Energy; Enzymes; Intestine; Quail production.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000400313

Characterization and Digestibility of Detoxified Castor Oil Meal for Japanese Quails
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Santos,PA dos; Ludke,MCMM; Ludke,JV; Rabello,CBV; Santos,MJB dos; Torres,TR.
ABSTRACT These experiments were performed to determine the chemical composition, coefficients of nutrient and energy metabolizability, amino acid composition, and cytotoxicity of different castor oil meals subjected to different detoxification processes and added to the diet of Japanese quails. In the trial, 180 46-d-old female Japanese quails were distributed according to a completely randomized design into five treatments and with replicates of six bird each. The treatments consisted of following detoxification methods of castor oil meal: Castor oil meal A (CMA) - recovery in alcohol at 80 °C for 20 minutes and drying at 80 °C; castor oil meal B (CMB) and C (CMC) - recovery in alcohol at 80 °C for 6 minutes, neutralization with 5% NaOH, and drying under...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alternative food; Poultry; Cytotoxicity; Digestibility; Energy.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015001000065

Hybrid Phytase and Carbohydrases in Corn and Soybean Meal-Based Diets for Broiler Chickens: Performance and Production Costs
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Bavaresco,C; Krabbe,E; Gopinger,E; Sandi,AJ; Martinez,FN; Wernik,B; Roll,VFB.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using 500 FTU/kg of hybrid phytase (created from three bacteria - Natuphos E), with or without xylanase and glucanase (560 TXU/kg; 250 TGU/kg) - Natugrain TS, in corn and soybean meal-based diets, with nutritional reductions in metabolizable energy (ME), Ca, and available phosphorus (AP), on performance parameters and production costs in broiler chickens. The 1875chickens were housed in boxes and distributed among 5 treatments with 15 replicates of 25 chickens each. The experiment included a positive control (the diet of which met the nutritional requirements of the birds), two negative controls (with ME reductions of 70 and 100 kcal/kg, and fixed reductions in Ca [0.16%] and AP [0.15%]), and two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Calcium; Cost; Energy; Enzyme; Phosphorus.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000100319

Diets formulated on total or digestible amino acid basis with different energy levels and physical form on broiler performance
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Maiorka,A; Dahlke,F; Penz,AM; Kessler,AM.
We studied the effects of two different systems of expressing amino acid requirements (total - TAA or digestible - DAA), two energy levels (2,900 or 3,200 kcal of ME/kg) and two physical forms (mash or pellet) on the performance of male broilers from 21 to 42 d of age. Diets formulated on DAA basis improved feed conversion (p&lt;0.001) and the conversion of consumed ME into body weight gain (p&lt;0.001). Birds fed 3,200 kcal ME/kg presented better feed conversion (p&lt;0.001), higher abdominal fat deposition (p&lt;0.001) and worse conversion of consumed ME into body weight gain (p&lt;0.001) as compared to birds fed 2,900 kcal ME/kg. Birds fed pelleted feed had higher feed intake (p&lt;0.001), higher weight gain (p&lt;0.001), better feed conversion...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Digestible aminoacid; Energy; Ideal protein; Pellet.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2005000100008

Accuracy of Nonlinear Formulation of Broiler Diets: Maximizing Profits
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Gonçalves,CA; de Almeida,MA; Faria-Júnior,MJA; Pinto,MF; Garcia-Neto,M.
Nutritionists need to make commercial decisions about the optimal nutrient content broiler feeds. In order to demonstrate that broiler prices may influence dietary nutrient density, this study developed quadratic feed intake and weight gain equations, according to broiler sex and feeding phase, to be applied in a nonlinear feed formulation model. Four hundred and eighty Cobb broilers were allotted to a completely randomized experimental with six treatments, each with four replicates of 10 birds each, from 1 to 56 days old. Treatments consisted of diets containing 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100, 3200, or 3300 kcal metabolizable energy (ME)/kg and constant nutrient to ME ratio. A nonlinear version of the PPFR feed formulation software (http://www.fmva.unesp.br/ppfr)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Excel; Mathematical modeling; Nutrition; Response surface.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000200173

Effect of energy levels of diets formulated on total or digestible amino acid basis on broiler performance
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Maiorka,A; Dahlke,F; Santin,E; Kessler,AM; Penz Jr.,AM.
This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and carcass and breast yields of broilers fed two different energy levels (3,200 or 2,900 kcal ME/kg) and two ways of expressing amino acid requirements (total - TAA or digestible - DAA) between 21 and 42 days of age. The results showed that broilers fed the diet containing 3,200 kcal ME/kg had higher weight gain (P=0.015), better feed conversion (P=0.001), and higher abdominal fat deposition (P=0.001) as compared to those fed the diet containing 2,900 kcal ME/kg. Diets formulated on DAA basis promoted higher weight gain (P=0.043), better feed conversion (P=0.010) and better conversion of ME intake into weight gain (P=0.007) as compared to those formulated on TAA basis. The results of this study suggest...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amino acid; Broilers; Energy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2004000200003

The influence of behavioral enrichment on dry food consumption by the black tufted-ear marmoset, Callithrix penicillata (Mammalia: Callithricidae): a pilot study
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Vilela,Janice de M. V.; Miranda-Vilela,Ana L.; Stasieniuk,Erika Von Z.; Alves,Gabriela M.; Machado,Felipe N.; Ferreira,Walter M.; Saad,Flávia M. de O. B.; Machado,Paulo A. R.; Coelho,Camila C. G. M.; Silva,Natascha A. M. da.
Stereotyped behaviors in captive primates are often caused by unsuitable conditions. Environmental enrichment has been used to reduce these behaviors, and also to increase the frequency of behaviors appropriate to the species. In this pilot study we evaluated whether behavioral enrichment influences food intake by the black tufted-ear marmoset, Callithrix penicillata (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812), by calculating energy maintenance requirements. We evaluated 16 individually housed, healthy adult black tufted-ear marmosets, randomly divided into two treatment groups, one with behavioral enrichment and one without. The enrichment techniques included structural aspects, such as placing fixed and mobile objects in the cage and supplying dry foods in an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Animal welfare; Energy; Nutrition; Maintenance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702012000100001

Variability of δ13C and δ15N in three zooplankton species from the Upper Paraná River floodplain
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Santana,Ana R. A.; Lansac-Tôha,Fabio Amodêo; Benedito,Evanilde.
This study evaluated the isotopic composition of three zooplankton species - Notodiaptomus amazonicus (Wright, 1935), Moina minuta Hansen, 1899 and Bosmina hagmanni Stingelin, 1904 - from the Upper Paraná River floodplain. We predicted that there would be isotopic variability among species in the different sampled environments. Samplings were conducted in three lakes from the Baía subsystem and in two lakes from the Paraná subsystem. At each location, some abiotic variables were measured, and zooplankton (3 to 4) and phytoplankton (3) samples were taken. The species sampled did not present significant differences between subsystems; however, they were different among the lakes, with variations of about 10.8‰ for δ13C and 5.8‰ for δ15N. The isotopic values...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food web; Limnology; Phytoplankton; Energy; Stable isotopes.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702009000400017

Early weaning and concentrate supplementation on the performance and metabolic profile of grazing lambs
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Fernandes,Sergio Rodrigo; Monteiro,Alda Lúcia Gomes; Dittrich,Rosangela Locatelli; Salgado,Jordana Andrioli; Silva,Cláudio José Araújo da; Silva,Marina Gabriela Berchiol da; Beltrame,Olair Carlos; Pinto,Pedro Henrique Nicolau.
This study was designed to investigate the effect of early weaning and concentrate supplementation on performance and metabolic profile of lambs in four production systems on pasture: suckling lambs not supplemented until slaughter; suckling lambs supplemented with concentrate in creep feeding until slaughter; early weaned lambs not supplemented until slaughter; early weaned lambs supplemented with concentrate until slaughter. Performance was assessed by average daily gain (ADG) and body condition score (BCS) measurements. Metabolic profile was delineated by measuring serum albumin, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, glucose and aspartate aminotransferase. Weaning reduced ADG by 92 g/d and the ADG for weaned and suckling lambs were 113 g/d and 205 g/d,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Average daily gain; Concentrate feed; Energy; Growth; Protein; Suckling.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000500029

Energy requirement for maintenance and gain for two genotypes of quails housed in different breeding rearing systems
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Jordão Filho,José; Silva,José Humberto Vilar da; Silva,Cidinei Trajano; Costa,Fernando Guilherme Perazzo; Sousa,Janaína Maria Batista de; Givisiez,Patrícia Emília Naves.
This study aimed to estimate the energy requirements for maintenance and gain of Japanese and European quails under growth housed in two rearing systems: floor pens and cages. To determine maintenance requirements, two experiments were conducted with birds housed in cages in environmental chambers (experiment 1) and in floor pens at room temperature conditions (experiment 2). The experimental design was completely randomized with four levels of feed supply (100, 75, 50 and 25%) and four repetitions. Energy requirements for maintenance were estimated by the comparative slaughter method through a feeding trial. In experiment 1, 64 Japanese and European quails per treatment were housed in cages of climatic chambers at 18, 24, and 28 °C, while in experiment 2,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Breeding system; Energy; Modeling; Temperature.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011001100019

Nutritional management and disease prevention in healthy dogs and cats
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Fascetti,Andrea J.
Healthy animals normally eat sufficient food to satisfy their energy requirements. It is one of the jobs of the nutritionist to ensure that all other nutrient needs have been met when animals stop eating because they have met their energy needs. While dogs and cats are members of the biological order Carnivora, scientific observation and research support that differences in their metabolism and nutritional requirements exist. However, the goal in feeding both species is the same; to optimize the health and well-being of the individual. This approach results in dietary recommendations that will vary from individual animal to animal, based on a variety of factors that include the animal's signalment, occupation and environment. Feeding approaches vary...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Canine; Energy; Feline; Nutrition.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001300006

Body composition and energy and protein requirements of grazing Nelore steers
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Almeida,Vitor Visintin Silva de; Queiroz,Augusto César de; Silva,Fabiano Ferreira da; Silva,Robério Rodrigues; Oliveira,Aline Cardoso; Souza,Danilo Ribeiro de.
This experimentwas carried out with the objective of determining the energy and protein requirements of grazing Nellore steers. Twenty four Nellore steers (average 371 ± 14 kg of BW and 26 months old) were used. Four steers were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment (reference group), serving as a reference for the subsequent study. The remaining 20 animals were weighed and distributed in a randomized complete block design with four levels of supplementation offers: 0.0 (mineral mixture - control), 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9% BW, with five replications. The supplements, based on ground corn, soybean meal and/or urea, were previously balanced to achieve an average daily gain of 350, 650 and 850g, respectively, for the different levels of supplementation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Protein; Requirements; Zebu cattle.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982009000700026

Metabolizable energy and amino acids relationships with the soluble fractions of protein and fiber of vegetable feed ingredients
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Bellaver,Claudio; Zanotto,Dirceu Luís; Guidoni,Antônio Lourenço; Brum,Paulo Antônio R. de.
To estimate nutrient and energy digestion with animal from in vitro variables it is necessary to control factors that may interfere on digestion such as: source and concentration of digestor substance, as well as the origin and processing of test ingredients. In this study there were performed five laboratory assays, two with poultry and finally regression equations were established based on variables generated with twelve vegetable ingredients. The results showed that there is greater solubility of proteins with NaOH than with KOH. On average, both alkali produced better discrimination of soluble protein with concentration of 0.02% (range of 68.61%) in relation to a concentration of 0.2% (range of 37.97%). Considering interaction between alkali and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Prediction equations; Energy; Total dietary fiber; Nitrogen solubility; Fiber solubility; Alkali digestion; Pepsin digestion.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982004000900013

Prediction equations to estimate the demand of energy and crude protein for maintenance, gain and egg production for laying Japanese quails
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Jordão Filho,José; Silva,José Humberto Vilar da; Costa,Fernando Guilherme Perazzo; Sakomura,Nilva Kazue; Silva,Cidinei Trajano; Chagas,Nalberlania Alves.
The study was conducted to estimate requirements of energy and crude protein for maintenance, weight gain and egg production of Japanese quails in the period of 67 to 107 days of age. Two experiments were performed: one, to determine the requirements for maintenance of protein, and the other, for energy. Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four dietary levels of offer and four replicates of six birds. The diets offered were: ad libitum (100%), 75%, 50%, and 25% consumption ad libitum (below maintenance). The methodology used to estimate the demand for maintenance was the comparative slaughter. For estimation of the requirement for weight gain, eight groups of 15 quails were reared separately, fed ad libitum and housed under 22...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Egg production; Energy; Modeling; Protein.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011001100020

Xylanase for meat-type quails from 15 to 35 days old
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Grecco,Érica Travaini; Marcato,Simara Márcia; Oliveira-Bruxel,Taciana Maria de; Stanquevis,Caroline Espejo; Grieser,Daiane de Oliveira; Finco,Eline Maria; Zancanela,Vittor; Ferreira,Mariana Fátima Zanon.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of two xylanases in the diet of meat-type quail on performance, morphology of the intestinal mucosa, metabolization of nutrients, and carcass yield. The experimental design was a completely randomized 2×3+1 factorial arrangement [two metabolisable energy reductions (70 and 140 kcal/kg), with or without the inclusion of two xylanases (A and B), plus a control treatment without xylanase), totalling seven treatments with five replicates and 42 quail each. Total excreta were collected at 28 days of age to determine the metabolisable coefficients of dry matter, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and gross energy (GE). There was no interaction between the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbohydrases; Carcass yield; Energy; Enzymes; Quail production.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982019000100509

A time-energy analysis of daytime surface activity in degus, Octodon degus
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: Kenagy,G.J.; Vásquez,Rodrigo A.; Nespolo,Roberto F.; Bozinovic,Francisco.
We present an analysis of time and energy allocation in a day-active caviomorph rodent, the degu, Octodon degus, in central Chile. We quantified components of surface activity in the field on a daily basis in individual degus near the time of the summer solstice, when conditions of heat and aridity were also at a seasonal extreme, in order to answer the following questions. Does the absolute time available for surface activity limit performance? Does the allocation of time and energy for locomotion place a functionally significant limitation on overall energy balance and performance? Degus spent about 2/3 of their above-ground time foraging; they remained stationary about 88 % of the time, walked around slowly about 10 %, and were running rapidly from one...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Time; Energy; Activity; Central Chile.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2002000100014

Temporal dynamics of milk composition of the precocial caviomorph Octodon degus (Rodentia: Octodontidae)
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: VELOSO,CLAUDIO; KENAGY,G.J.
During lactation, both the nutritional and energetic requirements of suckling change gradually. These changes normally are accompanied by modifications in chemical composition of the milk. We investigated the temporal course of milk composition during lactation in a precocial caviomorph rodent, the "degu" (Octodon degus) under laboratory condition. Female degus were kept in laboratory during gestation and lactation and fed with commercial food pellets. Milk was collected at three stages of lactation: early (days 5-8, n = 12), middle (days 15-21, n = 7) and late (days 26-40, n = 6), and analyzed for protein, carbohydrates, lipids, ash, total solids and energy. On average, carbohydrates decreased from 3.1 ± 0.3 % (early) to 1.1 ± 0.3 % (late) during...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Degu; Precocial; Lactation; Energy; Lipids; Milk composition.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2005000200008

DRYING AND ISOTHERMS OF SUGAR CANE BAGASSE - DOI: 10.13083/1414-3984/reveng.v23n2p128-142
Provedor de dados: 107
Autores: Joyce Maria Gomes da Costa; Jefferson Luiz Gomes Corrêa; UFLA; Bruno Elyeser Fonseca; Flávio Meira Borém; Soraia Vilela Borges.
Sugarcane is nowadays considered an important source of energy. One of its products is sugarcane bagasse. Bagasse is largely used as a boiler fuel. The goal of this work was to study bagasse drying in a fixed bed and its desorption isotherm. Air was used as drying agent at 40, 50 and 60 ºC at flow rate of 0.9 m s-1. Desorption isotherms were also obtained at 40 and 50 ºC. Several models from literature were tested with regards to their fit to fixed bed drying and desorption isotherm data. The best adjustments were obtained with Modified Page 2 model for drying kinetics and both the Jaafar and Michalowski model and modified Henderson 2 model for the desorption isotherm.
Tipo: Artigo Avaliado por Pares
Palavras-chave: ENGENHARIA AGRÍCOLA; PROCESSAMENTO DE PRODUTOS AGRÍCOLAS biomass; Drying; Energy.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.seer.ufv.br/seer/index.php/reveng/article/view/504

Energy potential of sugar cane biomass in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Rípoli,Tomaz Caetano Cannavam; Molina Jr.,Walter Francisco; Rípoli,Marco Lorenzzo Cunali.
Brazil is a developing tropical country with abundant biomass resources. Sugar cane (Saccahrum spp.) is primarily produced to obtain sugar and alcohol. Presently sugar cane is burned before harvest. If the cane were not burned before harvest, the trash (tops and leaves) could be collected and burned to produce steam to generate electricity, or be converted into alcohol fuel and decrease the severe air pollution problems caused by sugar cane burning. Based upon logical assumptions and appropriate data, we estimate the number of people that could be served each year by this biomass if its energy was converted into electricity. From trash and bagasse, 7.0x10(6) and 5.5x10(6) people y-1 could be served, respectively.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sugar cane; Biomass; Energy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162000000400013

Variação de diferentes tempos de revolvimento em secador de camada fixa para café - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v32i4.3670
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Greco, Marcelo; Corpo de Bombeiros - Toledo; Campos, Alessandro Torres; UFVJM Diamantina/MG; Klosowski, Elcio Silvério; PPGAM/GPEA/Unioeste Marechal Cândido Rondon/PR.
Objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar a eficiência energética na secagem de café (Coffea arábica L.) em secador de camada fixa, empregando-se diferentes combinações de tempo de revolvimento. O experimento foi realizado no mês de julho de 2004, no município de Jesuítas – Estado do Paraná. O secador, dotado de um sistema mecânico com pás, promovia o revolvimento rotatório do produto a diferentes intervalos de tempo. A temperatura do ar de secagem foi de 75 &amp;plusmn; 5&amp;deg;C. A ventilação e a secagem mantiveram-se contínuas no teste. Observou-se que a eficiência energética média foi de 12,3 MJ kg-1, não sendo verificadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Para o modelo de secador utilizado recomenda-se a utilização do sistema de...
Palavras-chave: 5.03.03.01-5 processamento do café; Energia; Eficiência; Secagem Pré-Processamento de Produtos Agrícolas coffee processing; Energy; Efficiency; Drying.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/3670

Valor nutricional do farelo de algodão para a tilápia do nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i1.505
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Kleemann, Geisa Karine; UNESP; Barros, Margarida Maria; UNESP; Pezzato, Luiz Edivaldo; UNESP.
Determinou-se a composição química dos farelos de algodão 28,0; 38,0 e 46,0% de proteína bruta e os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) pela tilápia do Nilo da matéria seca, proteína, aminoácidos, energia, lipídeo e minerais. Os CDA foram determinados, usando-se dieta-referência purificada, contendo 0,1% do indicador óxido de crômio-III. As rações-teste continham 60,0% da dieta-referência e 40,0% dos alimentos em estudo. Os resultados mostraram diferença (p &lt; 0,05) entre os CDA dos nutrientes dos farelos de algodão. Os CDA dos três farelos de algodão foram: matéria seca = 53,45 a 54,32%; proteína = 71,56 a 74,81%; energia = 53,80 a 58,60%; lipídeo = 85,37 a 89,11%; fósforo = 33,75 a 34,50%; cálcio = 41,21 a 43,75%; ferro = 62,02 a 79,85%;...
Palavras-chave: 5 5.04.00.00-2 Zootecnia aminoácidos; Digestibilidade; Energia; Peixe; Minerais; Proteína digestível 5 5.04.00.00-2    Zootecnia amino acids; Digestibility; Energy; Fish; Minerals; Protein availability.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/505

Carcass morphometry of crossbred steers subjected to different nutritional strategies in the growing and finishing phases - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i2.17904
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Rezende, Pedro Leonardo de Paula; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Restle, João; Universidade Federal do Tocantins; Padua, João Teodoro; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Fernandes, Juliano José de Resende; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Lino, Fabíola Alves; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Guimarães, Tiago Pereira; Universidade Federal de Goiás.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of different nutritional strategies in growing and finishing phases on the carcass morphometry of 24 crossbred steers, ½ Holstein/Zebu, slaughtered at 15 months of age and 395.0kg live weight. In the growing phase, animals were maintained grazing on Brachiaria brizantha, receiving two levels of energy supplementation in quantities equivalent to 0.5 or 1.0% live weight. Then, animals were finished in feedlot receiving diets composed of 50 or 80% concentrate. The percentage of primary cuts was not influenced by feed levels in the growing and finish phases. The high supplementation level in the growing phase resulted in a higher (p &amp;lt; 0.05) carcass length (134.48 vs. 131.43 cm). The food levels did not...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: 5.04.00.00-2 arm perimeter; Conformation; Carcass length; Cushions thickness; Energy; Supplementation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/17904

Energy use and CO2 emissions of eggplant production in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay.
The energy use and CO2 emissions of eggplant production in the Philippines were analyzed from data collected from 202 eggplant farmers randomly selected from the two major producing provinces of Pangasinan and Quezon, Philippines. Accordingly, the input and output energy of eggplant production were 77,342.09 MJ/ha and 233,905.50 MJ/ha, respectively. Diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer contributed the largest share of energy used in eggplant production. Most of the input energy was utilized in preharvest operations among which the application of fertilizer and water irrigation consumed the largest energy. The energy ratio and energy productivity were 3.02 and 0.51 kg/MJ, respectively. Direct and indirect forms of energy constituted 60.93% and 39.07%,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy in Agriculture eggplant; Carbon; Energy; Greenhouse gases; Global warming potentials.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3453

Transport Efficiency of Straw for Energy Utilization
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Zitnak, Miroslav.
Nowadays, straw is increasingly used in the world, not only within animal production but also as a source of energy. The technology of straw collection by baling into big bales has many advantages, the use of which is, however, restricted by an ineffective handling when transporting from fields.  Currently used balers enable collecting of all types of stalky materials. Picked-up mass is cut and pressed in the baler as necessary. Balers are able to increase the baling pressure by more than 25 %. It follows that bales are reaching higher weights, i.e. the specific weight of bales and energy contained in them is increasing, too.  Baling and transport of straw bales significantly influences the economic efficiency of heat generation from this product....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Transport efficiency; Straw bales; Energy.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3128

Fuel and Physiochemical Properties of Mango (Mangifera indica) Seed Biodiesel and Its Blends with Diesel
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Oyelaran, Olatunde Ajani.
The aim of this work is to measure the fuel properties of mango seed biodiesel and its blends with diesel fuel. The oil was extracted by soxhlet extraction method the high Free Fatty Acid ( FFA) value of the oil produced necessitated, acid pretreatment prior to base transesterification with methanol using sodium hydroxide as catalyst which resulted into a considerable reduction of the FFA value from 3.3% to 0.9% and a biodiesel yield of 25.84%. The produced biodiesel was washed, dried and blended 10% (B10) 20% (B20) and 30% (B30) with diesel. They were evaluated following the ASTM and EN protocols. The result obtained shows that the kinematic viscosity at 40ranges between 2.86 and 4.32 cts, flash point ranges between 73 and 145 with the acid number ranging...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Bio-fuel; Agricultural waste to wealth Biodiesel  Fatty Acids Ethyl Esters  Fuel properties Transesterification  Extraction  Pretreatment  Mango seed.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4445

Waste to energy technologies for solid waste management a case study of Uganda
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Miito, Gilbert John; Banadda, Noble.
Municipal solid waste management is one of the major environmental problems of developing countries. Investments in solid waste management would not only translate into jobs and income but also a cleaner environment. Over years a number of solid waste management technologies have been carried out in many developing parts of the world. Some were successful in generating lasting impacts on the improvement of solid waste management, however, many technologies failed due to unsustainability. This is partly attributed to differences in waste characteristics between developed countries and the less developed countries and the resource constraints in less developed countries. On the other hand, less developed countries are also known for being energy deprived and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: WASTE MANAGEMENT solid waste; Energy; Sustainable; Sub-Saharan Africa; Biomass; Uganda.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3767

Optimization of convective drying process for Persian shallot using response surface method (RSM)
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Amiri Chayjan, Reza; Fealekari, Mosayeb.
Abstract: Optimization of convective drying process of Persian shallot was investigated using dependent variables of effective moisture diffusivity (Deff), specific energy consumption (SEC), shrinkage and color changes.  The central composite design (CCD) was selected for design and optimization of the process.  The second-order polynomial models with transformed responses were developed from experimental data to generate three dimensional response surfaces and contour plots.  Experiments were performed at air temperatures of 40°C, 55°C and 70°C, air velocities of 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 m/s and slice thicknesses of 2, 4, and 6 mm in triplicate.  Based on response surface and desirability functions, the optimum conditions for Persian shallot drying were: air...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Color; Diffusivity; Energy; Central composite design; Shrinkage.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2807

Comparison of the Energy and Economic Balance of Crop Production
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Voltr, Vaclav.
The article deals with the connection between energy and economic indicators of crop production in the Czech Republic. Herein, a procedure for the determination of energy inputs and outputs from production based on soil-climatic conditions is outlined. For basic arable crops, other possibilities using the production in the energy sector as well as in relation to soil-climatic conditions are evaluated. The article reviews the production and economic parameters of crop production for potential energy use, such as natural production, energy production, electricity and operational profit. The maximum production parameters are achieved by sugar beet and, consequently, maize for silage. Other energy-efficient crops are alfalfa and clover, but with technological...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Crops; Operating margin; Soil-climatic condition; Maise; Alfalfa.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5502

Measured Energy use in a Greenhouse with Tomatoes Compared to Predicted use by a Mechanistic Model Including Transpiration
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Sven Nimmermark.
In regions with a colder climate the use of heat energy for climatization of greenhouses can be significant. Beside outdoor temperatures and climate also transpiration affects the use of heat energy since heating and ventilation or dehumidification may be required in order to keep the humidity in the greenhouse below levels which may lead to plant diseases. A reliable model is a powerful tool to predict energy use for greenhouse cultivation. Thus, a mechanistic model including transpiration and energy use for dehumidification and hourly output data was developed from an older simpler model. To be reliable, modelled data must fit with real data. The aim of the present study is to compare measured and modelled use of heat energy. Thus, energy use for a...
Palavras-chave: Greenhouses; Energy; Measurements; Modelling.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3100

Effect of cereal stubble management on the combine harvester performance and energy requirements
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Jokiniemi, Heikki Tapani.
Combine harvesting is one of the most energy consuming field operations in arable farming. The power demand of combine harvester depends strongly on the mass flow through the machine, and one approach to reduce the energy consumption is thus increasing the stubble height in harvesting. In this study, the energy saving possibilities by increased stubble height and different straw management in cereal harvesting were examined. In addition to combine harvesting, the mulching of the tall stubble with a tractor powered rotary mower after the harvest was investigated. The results indicated an energy saving of 22%–24% in combine harvesting of spring wheat “Quarna” when the stubble height was increased from 13 cm to 35 cm, and 17% with 13 cm stubble when the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Combine harvesting; Cereal; Stubble height; Energy; Fuel consumption; Stubble mulching.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3360

Improving the performance of mechanical stirring in biogas plant by computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Mohammadrezaei, Rashed; Zareei, Samira; Behroozi-Khazaei, Nasser.
Stirring of material in biogas plant needs to be done to provide desirable contact between microorganisms and substrate which can improve digestion process. In the present study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to determine a suitable mechanical stirrer for biogas plant and simulate the flow pattern. In order to select optimum design of impeller, three types of impeller including six-blade turbine, four-blade turbine and six-flat-blade disc turbine were evaluated. Simulations were undertaken utilizing Fluent 15.0 software with a multiple reference frame approach via standard k-ε turbulence model under steady-state conditions. According to the simulation results, six-blade turbine impeller is more appropriate than the two other impellers. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Biogas; Stirrer Anaerobic digestion  cow manure  flow pattern  simulation  stirred tank.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4183

CFD Model of Regenerative Heat Exchanger
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Kic, Pavel.
This paper is focused on the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of regenerative heat exchanger suitable for animal houses. Buildings used for housing of animals in farms with intensive breeding, like poultry or pig houses, are characterized by high generation of heat inside, partly produced by animals, and in the case of small young animals, supplemented also by heating. On the other side these buildings need intensive ventilation which causes big losses of energy by exhausted air. A good way how to reduce heat losses can be the use of technical systems of heat recovery. There are two principal constructions of heat exchangers for heat recovery. There are either recuperative or regenerative heat exchangers. Industrially produced heat exchangers,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Animal houses; Ventilation; Energy; Parameters; Czech Republic.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3137

Investigation of low cost solar collector for drying vegetables in rural areas
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Eke, Akachukwu Ben.
Despite the numerous solar dryers reported by researchers in Nigeria, farmers in Zaria Nigeria continue to dry tomato by traditional open sun drying method, the inherent problems associated with this method notwithstanding.  Therefore this research is aimed at investigating suitable solar collector material that is available, affordable and can easily be worked on by rural farmers.  Metal, wood, cement and mud which are commonly available local materials were used to fabricate four types of solar dryers and the dryers were mounted truly facing south.  Sliced tomato samples were used for performance test of the dryers.  Moisture content of the samples, dryer temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and solar radiation were monitored at 2 hours intervals. ...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bio-Resources Engineering Solar; Energy; Collector; Crop; Drying; Drying efficiencies.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/1964

PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE SOLID FUEL USING ORANGE PEELS AND CORN COBS FOR ENERGY SUPPLY
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Aliyu, Mohammed; Mohammed, Ibrahim Shaba; Usman, Mohammed; Dauda, Solomon Musa; Igbetua, Igbetua Joshua.
Abstract: This study presents investigation of orange peels and corn cobs being some of the numerous biomass wastes in Nigeria to determine their characteristics through briquetting technology. This is part of the efforts geared towards production of fuel product from agro-waste biomass and a more environmentally friendly fuel that can be used as an alternative fuel to the commonly used fossil fuel that has brought about global warming threatening our environment and the earth. This effort is also to reduce our over-dependence on the use of fuel-wood so as to reduce its consequences on climate change and other consequences on the environment. In the process, orange peels and corn cobs were collected from within the environment of Chanchaga and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Biomass; Proximate Analysis; Ultimate Analysis; Ignition time; Water boiling test.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5640

Energy use pattern in production of Sugar Beet in west Azerbaijan province of Iran
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: shahgholi, Gholamhossein; Mesri Gundoshmian, Tarhom; Molaie, Faezeh; Eskandari, Orooj.
With regard to the limitation of energy resources, especially non-renewable sources and increasing trend of energy consumption in agriculture, energy management in this sector is important. The purpose of this study was assessing energy productivity, input and output energy, energy efficiency and output-input energy ratio of sugar beet production in west Azerbaijan province of Iran. To achieve these objectives, statistical data about cultivation area, sugar beet yield in 2010 were acquired from the agricultural research center of west Azerbaijan province. Also data about cultivation methods, implements and machinery in use were obtained from sugar beet farmers by questionnaire. According to the results, total energy consumption in sugar beet production was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sugar beet; Energy; Direct energy; Energy ratio.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4326

Environmental performance of farmer-level corn production systems in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay; Dela Cruz, Renita S. M.; Antolin, Ma Cecilia R.
Four corn production systems at farmer-level of operation were evaluated. Environmental performance such as energy use, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emission (GHG) and carbon efficiency were determined. Data were collected from 60 corn producing farmers using survey questionnaires and face to face interview. The input energy to produce an output energy of 69,714.06 and 73,029.60 MJ/ha for sun drying and mechanical drying, respectively, were 22,346.27, 31, 469.75, 22, 399.05 and 31,522.53 MJ/ha for systems 1 (manual harvesting and sun drying), 2 (manual harvesting and mechanical drying), 3 (mechanical harvesting and sun drying) and 4 (mechanical harvesting and mechanical drying), respectively.  The highest energy input was observed for system 4...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering; Energy and Environmental Engineering corn; Carbon; Energy; Global warming potential; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3568

Application of PFC3D to simulate a planetary ball mill
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Chen, Ying; Guzman, Leno; Potter, Simon; Khan, Majibur.
Planetary ball mill is a versatile machine which has been used for grinding different types of materials for size reduction and lately for hemp decortication. PFC3D, software employing the discrete element method (DEM), was used to simulate the power and energy requirement of grinding hemp for fibre using a planetary ball mill. The simulation was facilitated through a series of hemp grinding tests using the planetary ball mill to examine the power draw of the mill. The test results identified that grinding speed had a significant effect on the power draw of the mill. The power draw data were used to calibrate the discrete element parameters for different grinding speeds. Using the calibrated parameters, one was able to predict the kinetic energy and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural machinery; Bioprocessing PFC3D; Discrete element model (DEM); Hemp; Planetary ball mill; Power; Energy; Kinetic; Friction.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2986

Effects of temperature and time on oil extraction from some Nigerian indigenous fresh water microalgae species
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Asoiro, Felix Uzochukwu; Okonkwo, Wilfred Ifeanyi; Akubuo, Clement Onyeaghala; Nweze, Nkechinyere O.; Anyanwu, Cosmas Ngozichukwu.
This study determined the effects of temperature and time on oil extraction from indigenous freshwater microalgae– Dictyosphaerium, Chlorella, Desmodesmus and Cosmarium species, cultured in fifteen 2-litre column photobioreactors (PBR) (three per specie).  Growth and specific growth rates for the mixotrophic&gt;autotrophic cultivation of the species. Oil was extracted from the dried microalgae species at temperatures ranging from 40 to 120 °C at 20 oC intervals and times ranging from 30 to 210 minutes at 30 minutes’ intervals, by accelerated solvent extraction method. Extraction temperature, time and type of microalgae species had significant effect (p &lt; 0.05) on oil yield (temperature &gt; time &gt; type of species).  As extraction temperature and time...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Bioresources engineering; Biotechnology; Energy; Renewable energy; Agriculture. oil yield; Dictyosphaerium spp; Desmodesmus subspicatus; Chlorella lewinii; Cosmarium spp; Growth rate.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5247

Energy use and CO2 emissions of sweet potato production in Tarlac, Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay; Dela Cruz, Renita SM.; R. Antolin, Ma. Cecilia.
In this study, the energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of sweet potato production in Tarlac, Philippines were evaluated. Data were collected from 180 farmers using structured survey questionnaires and face to face interview. Accordingly, the total input and output energy of sweet potato production was 29326.78 and 53885.90 MJ ha-1, respectively. Chemical fertilizers and diesel fuel provided the biggest portion of the total energy consumption in sweet potato production. The energy use efficiency, specific energy and energy productivity was 1.84, 1.95 MJ kg-1 and 0.51 kg MJ-1. Indirect and non-renewable forms of energy dominated the share of the total input energy. The total GHG emission of sweet potato production was 1432.18 kg CO2eq ha-1 (0.095 kg...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering; Energy and Environmental Engineering sweet potato; Energy; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3461

Drying characteristics and energy requirement of drying cowpea leaves and jute mallow vegetables
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Mutuli, Gibson Peter; Mbuge, Duncan.
Thin layer drying of cowpea leaves (Vigna unguiculata) and jute mallow (Corchurus olitorious L) (African leafy vegetables) was studied at different temperatures (40oC -100oC) in a convective laboratory dryer. The study determined the drying characteristics of the vegetables, the maximum drying temperature and the drying energy requirements. Moisture content of the African leafy vegetables was determined on dry basis and the data were used to calculate moisture ratios and drying curves were plotted. The drying occurred in the falling rate period. The experimental data were fitted to fourteen thin layer drying models and the most appropriate drying model determined using correlation coefficient, mean square error and standard error of estimate. The model...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Africa leafy vegetables; Thin layer drying; Moisture content; Energy; Modeling.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3368

Batch anaerobic digestion of banana waste - energy potential and modelling of methane production kinetics
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Khan, Muhammad Tahir; Brulé, Mathieu; Maurer, Claudia; Argyropoulos, Dimitrios; Müller, Joachim; Oechsner, Hans.
Different fractions of banana (stalk, peel, and flesh) as well as the whole unpeeled banana were studied in a laboratory Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) assay. After completion of 35-day digestion at 37°C in 2L-reactors, specific methane yields reached 0.256, 0.322, 0.367 and 0.349 m³/kg VS (volatile solids) for stalk, peel, flesh, and unpeeled banana respectively. Considering the country of Uganda, East Africa, the collection of peels and stalks from banana production would yield a theoretical potential of about 60 GWh of electrical energy per year in biogas plants. In order to verify the suitability of banana fractions to the biogas process, their chemical composition was analyzed, and their methane production kinetics was estimated with exponential...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy biogas; Anaerobic digestion; BMP assay; Model; Energy; Methane; Waste.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3244

CFD Model of Regenerative Heat Exchanger
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Pavel Kic.
This paper is focused on the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of regenerative heat exchanger suitable for animal houses. Buildings used for housing of animals in farms with intensive breeding, like poultry or pig houses, are characterized by high generation of heat inside, partly produced by animals, and in the case of small young animals, supplemented also by heating. On the other side these buildings need intensive ventilation which causes big losses of energy by exhausted air. A good way how to reduce heat losses can be the use of technical systems of heat recovery. There are two principal constructions of heat exchangers for heat recovery. There are either recuperative or regenerative heat exchangers. Industrially produced heat exchangers,...
Palavras-chave: Animal houses; Ventilation; Energy; Parameters; Czech Republic.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3137

Design a cutter prototype to separate date palm leaflets from fronds (Rachis)
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Ismail, Nahed Khairy.
This study was carried out, at Dept. of Agric. Eng., Faculty of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt during 2014 spring season, to design and evaluate a cutting prototype performance and production as a date palm leaves components (fronds, leaflets and spines).  The tested treatments include saw speed (167.5, 251.2, 334.9 and 418.7 rad s-1), saw teeth inner spacing (4, 5 and 8 mm) and feeding speed ratio (1:1, 1:1.25, 1:1.67 and 1:2.50).  The study concluded that the optimum operation conditions of saw speed of 334.9 rad s-1, saw teeth inner spacing of 8 mm and 1:1.25 feeding speed ratio achieved cut fronds productivity of 1051.5 m h-1, cut leaflets and spines productivity of 183.86 kg h-1, cutting leaflets efficiency of 99.32%, leaflet losses of 0.68 %, frond...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Engineering-Bio-system Engineering Date palm leaves; Leaflet; Frond; Efficiency; Circle saw; Losses; Energy.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4043

Energy Analysis of Three Rice Cultivar using different Production  Methods, case study: Iran
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Vahedi, Adel.
Beyond 66% of the world population are using Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as staple food which is considered one of the most popular cereals crop ranked after wheat and corn. Both mechanized and conventional methods are being applied in Iran to grow rice. This study performed an analysis of the energy consumed to produce rice in Mazandaran province, Iran, based on the following indices: energy efﬁciency, energy productivity, net energy gain, speciﬁc energy, direct and indirect energy, renewable and non-renewable energy. The cultivars of rice frequently cultivated in Iran comprise native and high yield cultivars. Face to face interviews and ﬁeld survey were conducted to collect the initial data. Given the literature and benefiting from the data collected in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Efﬁciency; Productivity; Methods; Rice.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6007

Measured Energy use in a Greenhouse with Tomatoes Compared to Predicted use by a Mechanistic Model Including Transpiration
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Nimmermark, Sven.
In regions with a colder climate the use of heat energy for climatization of greenhouses can be significant. Beside outdoor temperatures and climate also transpiration affects the use of heat energy since heating and ventilation or dehumidification may be required in order to keep the humidity in the greenhouse below levels which may lead to plant diseases. A reliable model is a powerful tool to predict energy use for greenhouse cultivation. Thus, a mechanistic model including transpiration and energy use for dehumidification and hourly output data was developed from an older simpler model. To be reliable, modelled data must fit with real data. The aim of the present study is to compare measured and modelled use of heat energy. Thus, energy use for a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Greenhouses; Energy; Measurements; Modelling.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3100

Energy expenditure due to forage intake and walking of grazing cattle
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Di Marco,O.N.; Aello,M.S.
The relative increment in daily maintenance requirement by physical activity was estimated in free-grazing cattle. The effects of forage harvesting and walking were measured and expressed as an index in relation to the value of energy expenditure of animals in corrals. All indices were obtained from experiments conducted in Balcarce (Argentina) from 1993 to 1995. Energy expenditure of Aberdeen Angus steers was estimated by the 14C-entry rate technique, on animals standing still in a corral, grazing at two different biting rates or walking at four different speeds. Information on time spent on grazing and distance traveled was obtained from the literature. These estimations indicate that the maintenance cost of cattle in corrals could be increased on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Energy; Activity cost; Maintenance requirement; Grazing cost; Walking cost.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352001000100017

Performance of Nellore calves in tropical pasture consuming different types of concentrated supplements
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Vedovatto,M.; Meirelles,M.B.; D’Oliveira,M.C.; Diogo,J.M.S.; Morais,M.G.; Abreu,C.L.; Cortada Neto,I.M.; Franco,G.L.
ABSTRACT The use of different types of concentrated supplements on the performance of Nellore calves grazing Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu in the dry season was evaluated. The experiment was conducted on 24 ha divided into 12 paddocks. Seventy-two calves with initial body weight (BW) 176±14kg for 140 days of experiment were used. Evaluated treatments included: Mineral, Salt+urea (mineral with 30% urea), Protein (supplementation with 45% crude protein (CP) and 46% total digestible nutrients (TDN)); and Protein+energy (with 28% CP and 73% TDN). The Mineral, Salt+urea, and Protein were offered ad libitum, and the Protein+energy 5g/kg BW. Protein+energy showed the highest (P&lt; 0.05) intake (3.66g/kg BW) followed by the Protein (1.61), Salt+urea (0.36), and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Multiple mixes; Protein; Urochloa brizantha cv. marandu.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000100267

Caloric density of Loricariichthys platymetopon (Osteichthyes, Loricariidae) in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Garcia,Daniela Aparecida; Benedito,Evanilde; Takeda,Alice Michiyo.
This study analyzed the muscle energy content (caloric density) of L. platymetopon captured at different sites of the Upper Paraná River floodplain, and potential relationships between the content and various environmental variables (water temperature, oxygen dissolved in water, food availability, relative numeric abundance) and biological variables (body size and reproductive cycle). Quarterly samplings from September 2006 to June 2007 in the lakes and rivers resulted in a sample of 739 specimens, whose muscle caloric density was determined using a calorimeter. Differences between the caloric averages of the males and females and among the different stages of gonadal development were not significant. Caloric density varied over time and space, with two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy; Detritivorous fish; Direct calorimetry; Muscle; Floodplain.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132010000500015

Application of n-dodecane as an oxygen vector to enhance the activity of fumarase in recombinant Escherichia coli: role of intracellular microenvironment
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Zhang,Sen; Song,Ping; Li,Shuang.
Abstract The effect of the intracellular microenvironment in the presence of an oxygen vector during expression of a fusion protein in Escherichia coli was studied. Three organic solutions at different concentration were chosen as oxygen vectors for fumarase expression. The addition of n-dodecane did not induce a significant change in the expression of fumarase, while the activity of fumarase increased significantly to 124% at 2.5% n-dodecane added after 9 h induction. The concentration of ATP increased sharply during the first 6 h of induction, to a value 7600% higher than that in the absence of an oxygen-vector. NAD/NADH and NADP/NADPH ratios were positively correlated with fumarase activity. n-Dodecane can be used to increase the concentration of ATP...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oxygen vector; Energy; Fusion protein; Expression; Redox metabolism.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000300662

ESMAP Technical Paper
Provedor de dados: 121
Autores: Joint UNDP; World Bank Energy Sector Managemente Assistance Programme.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Energy; Sector; Management; Assitance; Programme.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.flacso.org.ec/biblio/shared/biblio_view.php?bibid=114993&tab=opac&oai:flacso.org.ec:114993

Ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Abril,Diana; Abril,Alejandro.
Ethanol is the liquid combustible that has become the most promising alternative substitute for gasoline because of the experience gained in its production, the possibility of mixing it with gasoline in different proportions, the possibility of using the existing gasoline distribution infrastructure, and the fact that major changes in engines are not required for its use. Lignocelluloses offer great potential as a biomass source for ethanol production, although their use still requires in-depth analysis with an objective and holistic focus that includes present and future technologic implications. The present article reviews current knowledge about the characteristics and sources of vegetable biomass, as well as the development and possibilities for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alcoholic fermentation; Energy; Ethanol; Lignocellulosic ethanol; Vegetable biomass.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202009000200003

Visceral metabolism and efficiency of energy use by ruminants
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Kozloski,Gilberto Vilmar; Rocha,João Batista Teixeira da; Ciocca,Maria de Lourdes Santorio.
The visceral system (liver and portal-drained viscera) represents an interface between diet and the animal, and it acts as the main site of regulation of nutrients that are used for maintenance, growth, lactation, reproduction, and physical activities of animals. However the functions carried out by visceral organs have, however, a significant energetic cost and are influenced by a variety of factors, such as the level of feed intake and diet composition, among others. As a result, variable quantities of substances are metabolized by them and, thus, the pattern and the quantity of nutrients available to the peripheral tissues can be quite different from those absorbed at the intestinal lumen. Probably, the major source of variation in the efficiency of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Portal- drained viscera; Liver; Metabolism; Energy; Efficiency.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782001000500030

Ingredients derived from the slaughter of bovines in dog food
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Loureiro,Karina De Carli; Haese,Douglas; Kill,João Luís; Pires,Achicine Furno; Fernandes,Danieli Rankel; Colnago,Geraldo Luiz; Lucas,Wendius Henrique; Gama,Gabriela Oliveira.
ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the nutritional levels, apparent digestibility coefficients, and faecal characteristics of dogs fed with four by-products from bovine slaughter: testicles, residue sirloin steak, trachea, and liver. Ingredients were processed and packed in tins for heat treatment in autoclaves. For the digestibility and faeces quality, ingredients were mixed with a reference diet (commercial food) in the proportion of 30g kg-1 test ingredient and 70g kg-1 reference diet (as dry matter). Ten adult dogs were distributed in double Latin block squares (5x5) with five treatments and five periods, totalling ten repetitions per treatment. The residue sirloin steak presented the highest levels of essential (414.2g kg-1 of dry matter) and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Foods; Digestibility; Energy; Nutritional levels.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000600601