Consulta: subjectFacets:"Environmental regulation"
Registros recuperados: 29
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 18:14:11

Editorial: Impacts of Marine Litter
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Luisa; Beiras, Ricardo; Galgani, Francois; Panti, Cristina; Borja, Angel.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plastics; Nanoplastics; Microplastics; Environmental regulation; Ecotoxicology; Aquatic biota.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00491/60231/63602.pdf

The Effect of Environmental Regulation on the Locational Choice of Japanese Foreign Direct Investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirkpatrick,   Colin; Shimamoto,   Kenichi.
This paper assesses the impact of environmental regulation in host countries on Japanese foreign direct investment (FDI) decision-making. It tests the pollution haven hypothesis using data on national environmental regulation standards and Japanese inward FDI in five dirty industries (iron and steel industry, non-ferrous metals industry, chemicals industry, paper and pulp industry, non-metallic products industry). The results do not support the pollution hypothesis. On the contrary, inward Japanese FDI appears to be attracted to countries which have committed themselves to a transparent and stable environment regulatory environment, suggesting that the quality of the regulatory framework in terms of its certainty and transparency has a greater influence on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Foreign direct investment; Japanese multinationals; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Q56; F21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30584

The Potential Cost to New Zealand Dairy Farmers from the Introduction of Nitrate-Based Stocking Rate Restrictions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Neal,   Mark; Fulkerson,   William; Levy,   Gil; Wastney,   Meryl; Thorrold,   Bruce S.; Palliser,   Chris; Beukes,   Pierre; Folkers,   Chris.
Introducing a stocking rate restriction is one possible course of action for regulators to improve water quality where it is affected by nitrate pollution. To determine the impact of a stocking rate restriction on a range of New Zealand dairy farms, a whole-farm model was optimised with and without a maximum stocking rate of 2.5 cows per hectare. Three farm systems, which differ by their level of feed-related capital, were examined for the changes to the optimal stocking rate and optimal level of animal milk production genetics when utility was maximised. The whole-farm model was optimised through the use of an evolutionary algorithm called differential evolution. The introduction of a stocking rate restriction would have a very large impact on the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Dairy farms; Whole-farm model; Evolutionary algorithm; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; Q52; C61.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25620

Border Enforcement and Firm Response in the Management of Invasive Species
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ameden,   Holly A.; Cash,   Sean B.; Zilberman,   David.
This analysis presents a theoretical model of firm response to border enforcement and evaluates both the intended and unintended effects under two enforcement regimes:  destruction versus treatment of contaminated shipments.  The results indicate that importers may respond to increased inspection by reducing shipments and decreasing due care.  In response to increased pest populations, firms may reduce shipments and increase due care, indicating that an enforcement response may not be necessary.  The analysis reveals the importance of the nature of the due-care technology, as well as the relationships underlying the probability of detection, in determining the effects of enforcement.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Border enforcement; Environmental regulation; Invasive species; Trade and environment; F18; L51; Q17; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37112

Intel's XL Permit: A Framework for Evaluation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boyd,   James; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Mazurek,   Janice V.
The paper develops a framework to evaluate permits granted to firms under the Environmental Protection Agency's Project XL -- with emphasis on the novel air permit granted to the Intel Corporation. We describe the permit, the process that created it, and the types of costs and benefits likely to arise from this type of "facility-specific" regulatory arrangement. Among other things, the paper describes the permit's impact on environmental quality, production costs, transaction costs, and Intel's strategic market position. The paper also considers how an estimate of the costs and benefits -- both to Intel and society -- might be estimated. While facility-specific regulation typically conjures images of production cost savings as processes are re-engineered...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Project XL; Tailored regulation; Environmental regulation; Cost-benefit analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L51; Q28; L63; K32.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10666

A Reconsideration of Environmental Federalism
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oates,   Wallace E.
This paper provides a review and assessment of the debate over environmental federalism-the issue of the roles of different levels of government in environmental management. The paper begins with the presentation of three benchmark cases that provide a framework for thinking about the issue. It then offers a review, first of the theoretical literature and second of some new, provocative empirical literature on the race to the bottom. The paper contends that there remains, under certain circumstances, an important role for decentralized government in the setting of environmental standards and the design of regulatory programs. The central government, in addition to setting standards for "national" pollutants, has a fundamental contribution to make in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental federalism; Environmental management; Environmental policy; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; H1; H7.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10460

Using Environmental Benefit-Cost Analysis to Improve Government Performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farrow,   Scott; Toman,   Michael.
In this paper we first describe the legal and administrative basis of mandates that variously require and eschew economic measures for environmental management. We then summarize the steps involved in benefit-cost analysis and what can and cannot be accomplished with such information. Our basic conclusion is that while the approach is not perfect, benefit-cost analysis has a solid methodological footing and provides a valuable performance measure for an important governmental function, improving the well-being of society. However, benefit-cost analysis requires analytical judgements which, if done poorly, can obfuscate an issue or worse, provide a refuge for scoundrels in the policy debate. We conclude the article with specific suggestions for both the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Benefit-cost analysis; Environmental regulation; Regulatory reform; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; D61; H43.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10598

Environmental Regulations and Agricultural Competitiveness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Colyer,   Dale.
The cost of meeting environmental regulations can be a critical factor in determining the competitiveness of a product, since the cost advantages of producers in one country are often very slim. The existence of negative externalities means that prices are lower than would prevail if all costs where included in the prices of the products. Additional costs associated with new regulations have an effect on the continued importance of a country's agricultural exports. Governments often assist their agricultural sectors in overcoming the disadvantages through subsidies, tax breaks, technical assistance or other means. This assistance increasingly takes the form of green payments, which are currently exempt from the WTO limits imposed on domestic subsidies....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Agricultural trade; Competitiveness; Environment; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23846

Environmental Governance, Globalisation and Economic Performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Increasing globalisation of economic activity and accompanying economic growth have been factors in the worldwide loss of natural environments and biodiversity loss, and these losses have accelerated since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, Emissions of many types of pollutants and wastes from human activity are rising globally and are exceeding the capacity of natural environments to absorb and neutralize them. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the quality and size of some natural sinks for neutralizing them (such as forests) are declining. Consequently, these wastes are accumulating in many environments and pose a growing threat to human welfare and to sustainable economic development. There are, for instance, global concerns about...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental economics; Environmental governance; Environmental law; Environmental regulation; Globalisation; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Transboundary pollution; Transboundary natural resources.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55341

'Green' Preferences as Regulatory Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brennan,   Timothy J.
We examine the suggestion that if consumers in sufficient numbers are willing to pay the premium to have power generated using low-emission technologies, tax or permit policies become less necessary or stringent. While there are implementation difficulties with this proposal, our purpose is more fundamental: can economics make sense of using preferences as a regulatory instrument? If“"green" preferences are exogenously given, to what extent can or should they be regarded as a substitute for other policies? Even with green preferences, production and consumption of polluting goods continues to impose social costs not borne in the market. Moreover, if green preferences are regarded as a policy instrument, the "no policy" baseline would require a problematic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Preference change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; B4; D6.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10787

Enforcing Environmental Regulation: Implications of Remote Sensing Technology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacAuley,   Molly K.; Brennan,   Timothy J.
We review economic models of environmental protection and regulatory enforcement to highlight several attributes that are particularly likely to benefit from new enforcement technologies such as remote sensing using satellites in space. These attributes include the quantity and quality of information supplied by the new technologies; the accessibility of the information to regulators, regulatees, and third parties; the cost of the information; and whether the process of information collection can be concealed from the observer. Satellite remote sensing is likely to influence all of these attributes and in general, improve the efficacy of enforcement.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; New technologies; Remote sensing; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q28.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10464

Monitoring of compliance in Australian conservation contracts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crowe,   Bronwyn; White,   Benedict; Pannell,   David J.; Lindner,   Robert K.
Government and non-government conservation agencies have long-term goals and objectives to provide environmental services, such as conserving the biodiversity of Australian native vegetation. In addition to national parks and reserves, private lands are often included in conservation programs to achieve these objectives. Formal contracts are entered into between the private landholder and the conservation agency to provide environmental services, or more commonly to provide inputs that are likely to lead to environmental services. The paper examines the costs and benefits of monitoring these conservation contracts when biodiversity change is stochastic.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Compliance; Monitoring; Enforcement; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5990

Variation in Environmental Regulations in California and Effects on Dairy Location
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sneeringer,   Stacy E.; Hogle,   Regina.
In recent decades, urban encroachment and increasing environmental regulation have impacted California’s dairy industry. A complicated set of environmental legislation affects dairies in the state, and can differ depending on location, creating the possibility for within-state pollution havens. This article details the regional, state, and federal environmental regulation of California’s dairy industry, and examines data to see if it matches a hypothesis of regulation affecting dairy location. Using county-year data, we show evidence of changing dairy location within the state matching times of local legislative action. The Central Valley gained production, while the more regulated and urban-affected Los Angeles area lost. Large dairies have increased by...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Pollution haven; California; Dairy; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45667

Environmental regulation and international trade patterns for agro-industrial under a South-North Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feix,   Rodrigo Daniel; Miranda,   Silvia Helena Galvao de; Barros,   Geraldo Sant'Ana de Camargo.
This paper aims at examining the relation between the international trade and the environment, particularly focused on sensitive agribusiness sectors. It consists on an empirical test to the conflicting positions supported by economists, some following the traditional approach (trade-off or neoclassical), while others supporting the Porter’s hypothesis, which considers that impacts of the stricter environmental regulation can benefit the trade competitiveness. A Heckscher-Ohlin- Vanek model was applied to net exports as the dependent variable. The agricultural products analyzed were total agriculture, rice, maize, soybean, wheat, dairy and swine; run for 97 countries, divided as developing and developed, in a cross-section approach. This modeling allows...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade; Environmental regulation; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44329

Cleaning Up the Nuclear Weapons Complex: Exploring New Approaches
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Probst,   Katherine N.; Pilling,   Carolyn A.; Dunn,   Karen T.
In recent years, policy experts have increasingly decried the "piecemeal" approach to environmental protection embodied in existing laws and regulations. This paper analyzes one aspect of the call for more integration: the feasibility and advisability of developing an integrated approach to regulating the cleanup of the nation's nuclear weapons complex. The Cold War has left an unprecedented set of difficulties at sites across the country where vast quantities of hazardous and radioactive materials must be properly managed. Regulatory fragmentation--particularly the phenomenon of multiple regulators and regulations driving the allocation of resources in an uncoordinated fashion--is nowhere more evident than in the current statutory and regulatory framework...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nuclear weapons complex; Integration; Environmental law; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; H56; K32; Q28.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10765

On the Dynamics of Competing Energy Sources
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
We characterize the dynamics of energy markets in which energy is derived from polluting (fossil) and clean (solar) resources. The analysis is based on geometric optimal control considerations. An important feature of solar energy technologies is that their cost of supply is predominantly due to upfront investment in capital infrastructure (rather than to actual supply rate) and this feature has important implications for the market allocation outcome. In particular, it gives rise to a threshold behavior in that solar energy is adopted only when the price of fossil energy exceeds a certain threshold. Under this condition solar technologies will (eventually) dominate energy supply by driving fossil energy altogether out of the energy sector. A tax on fossil...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fossil and solar energy; Characteristic curves; Price thresholds; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93127

LOCATION OF PRODUCTION AND ENDOGENOUS WATER QUALITY REGULATION: A LOOK AT THE U.S. HOG INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Metcalfe,   Mark R.
This paper examines the effect of state regulation of water quality on the location of hog production across states in the US. A qualitative measure is developed from states' water quality legislation in 1994 and 1998. No evidence is found that increased stringency is detrimental to hog production.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hog production; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21631

Location of Production and Endogenous Water Quality Regulation: A Look at the U.S. Hog Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Metcalfe,   Mark R.
The U.S. hog industry is experiencing and increase in both the average size and geographical concentration of feeding operations.  These increases have caused attention to focus on the environmental consequences of hog production and on the regulations imposed to limit these consequences.  This study examines the effect that differences in state water quality regulations have on the location of hog production in the U.S. Farm size is an important characteristic and therefore this analysis is conducted separately on small and large farms in order to examine the differences in effects by sized of operation.  Results suggest greater water quality regulatory stringency has no effect on the location of hog production.  The amount of production on small feeding...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hog industry; Environmental regulation; Location of production; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18430

The Political Economy of Environmental Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oates,   Wallace E.; Portney,   Paul R.
This paper provides a review and assessment of the extensive literature on the political determination of environmental regulation. A promising theoretical literature has emerged relatively recently that provides models of the political interaction of government with various interest groups in the setting of environmental standards and the choice of regulatory instruments. A large empirical literature supports such models, finding evidence of the influence of interest groups but also evidence that net social benefits are often an important determinant of environmental policy choices. We then take up the issue of environmental federalism and the large and growing theoretical literature that addresses the competitive "race to the bottom." The paper concludes...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Environmental management; Environmental policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; H1.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10849

SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES: HOW SHOULD GOVERNMENT COORDINATE FARM REGULATIONS AND POLICY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Larry A.
Agricultural sustainability is an evolving process ever-seeking a balance between society's economic, environmental and social demands.  Governmental policy and regulations while attempting to correct adverse externalities, have at times within themselves created adverse externalities.  Failures often lie within the policies themselves, but poor coordination among government agencies is also at fault.  This paper outlines a number of coordination issues and attempts to show how the empowerment of communities through ecosystem management is a partial solution to environmental degradation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Government policy; Regulation; Sustainability; Ecosystem management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15437

Regulatory Tailoring, Reliability, and Price Volatility with Stochastic Breakdowns
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gruenspecht,   Howard K.
Although real-world energy supply systems are subject to stochastic failures, the impacts of proposed regulations affecting these systems have typically been evaluated using non-stochastic models. This paper develops an energy market model that explicitly allows for stochastic failures and demonstrates they play an important, or even dominant, role in determining the market impacts of environmental regulations that tailor product specifications to address local or regional conditions, such as fuel-formulation requirements specific to certain regional markets within the United States. While traditional non-stochastic analyses view the tailoring of regulatory requirements by location as an efficiency-enhancing alternative to a -one size fits all- regulatory...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Reliability; Boutique fuels; Gasoline price spikes; Stochastic failures; Environmental regulation; Tailored regulation; Demand and Price Analysis; Q2; Q4.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10781

A SUSTENTABILIDADE DAS RESERVAS EXTRATIVISTAS PELA PERSPECTIVA DA ECONOMIA ECOLÓGICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cavalcanti,   Francisco Carlos Da Silveira; Maciel,   Raimundo Claudio Gomes; Mangabeira,   Joao Alfredo De Carvalho; Reydon,   Bastiaan Philip.
As Reservas Extrativistas (RESEX) são áreas de domínio público, com uso concedido às populações extrativistas tradicionais, cuja subsistência baseia-se no extrativismo e na agricultura de subsistência e na criação de animais de pequeno porte, e têm como objetivos básicos proteger os meios de vida e a cultura dessas populações, e assegurar o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais da unidade. Porém, o aumento da área para agropecuária dentro das reservas vem aumentando e, assim, o desmatamento. O presente estudo tem como objetivo promover uma reflexão sobre a regulamentação ambiental e suas conseqüências, bem como sobre a organização popular como instrumento capaz de deter o desmatamento na Amazônia. Neste sentido, as RESEX, resultado da luta política e...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustentabilidade; Reservas Extrativistas; Economia Ecológica; Amazônia; Regulamentação ambiental; Sustainability; Extractivist Reserves; Ecological Economics; Amazon; Environmental regulation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113395

Environmental Regulations of Land-use and Public Compensation: Principles with Swiss and Australian Examples
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seidl,   Irmi; Tisdell,   Clement A.; Harrison,   Stephen R.
This paper discusses regulation of rural land-use and compensation, both of which appear to have become more common but also more disputed. The implications of contemporary theories in relation to this matter are examined. Coverage includes the applicability of new welfare economics, the relevance of the neoclassical theory of politics, and the implications of contemporary theories of social conflict resolution and communication. Examining case studies of Swiss and Australian regulation of the use of rural properties and the ensuing conflicts, it is found that many decisions reflect a mixture of these elements. Rarely, if ever, are social decisions in this area made solely on the basis of welfare economics, for instance social cost-benefit analysis. Only...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia; Compensation for takings; Conservation; Environmental regulation; Property rights; Rural land-use; Switzerland; Welfare economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48366

International Competition and Environmental Expenditures: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Manufacturing Plants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaiser,   Kai; Schulze,   Gunther G.
This paper analyzes environmental expenditures in Indonesia - a significant newly industrializing economy - reported at the plant level comprising all 23 thousand manufacturing establishments with more than 20 employees. Since compliance is barely enforced, pollution abatement expenditures are effectively voluntary in nature. This allows us to test whether foreign owned firms expend more due to a technology that adheres to stricter Western standards or whether the predominant effect is that both foreign and domestic exporting companies are more environmentally conscious due to better technology transfer or green consumerism in the Western countries. If so, this would contradict conventional wisdom that environmental expenditures reduce competitiveness and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Competitiveness; Multinational enterprises; Green consumerism; Export performance; Indonesia; Environmental Economics and Policy; F1; Q1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26255

Monitoring of Compliance in Western Australian Conservation Contracts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crowe,   Bronwyn; White,   Benedict; Pannell,   David J.
Contracting with private landholders for labor towards production of environmental services (payment for actions) or the environmental services themselves (payment for outcomes) is reliant on the environmental organization’s ability to monitor and assess the environmental outcomes provided. Inaccurate and costly assessment reduces the cost effectiveness of the contract. Different assessment technologies will have different impacts on the cost effectiveness and optimal contracting choice of the environmental organization. The paper compares the influence of field assessment by a local expert, and remote assessment via satellite imagery, on the optimal contracting decision for the Western Australian wheat belt.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Environmental; Compliance; Monitoring; Enforcement; Environmental regulation; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91155

Changes in Manure Management in the Hog Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; McBride,   William D.; Ribaudo,   Marc.
In recent years, structural changes in the hog sector, including increasing farm size and regional shifts in production, have altered manure management practices. Over the same period, changes to the Clean Water Act, new state regulations, and increasing local conflicts over odor have influenced manure management decisions. This study uses data from two national surveys of hog farmers to examine how hog manure management practices vary with the scale of production and how these practices evolved between 1998 and 2004.  The findings provide insights into the effects of structural changes and recent policies on manure management technologies and practices, the use of nutrient management plans, and manure application rates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hog production; Manure management; Structural change; Environmental regulation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6071

Calculating the Costs of Environmental Regulation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pizer,   William A.; Kopp,   Raymond J.
Decisions concerning environmental protection hinge on estimates of economic burden. Over the past 30 years, economists have developed and applied various tools to measure this burden. In this paper, developed as a chapter for the Handbook of Environmental Economics, we present a taxonomy of costs along with methods for measuring those costs. At the broadest level, we distinguish between partial and general equilibrium costs. Partial equilibrium costs represent the burden directly borne by the regulated entity (firms, households, government), including both pecuniary and nonpecuniary expenses, when prices are held constant. General equilibrium costs reflect the net burden once all good and factor markets have equilibrated. In addition to partial...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social cost; Cost-benefit; Cost-effectiveness; Environmental regulation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q20; Q28; H41; L50; D58.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10762

FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: A SUMMARY OVERVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carriker,   Roy R.
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), which was signed into law on January 1, 1970, has come to be regarded as the first major piece of federal legislation to call for comprehensive attention to environmental concerns in the United States. During the two decades following enactment of NEPA, Congress adopted and then refined major legislation on nearly every aspect of environmental quality concerns: air pollution, water pollution, drinking water quality, hazardous waste management, wildlife protection, pesticide use, and several related problem areas. Current arguments for environmental regulatory reform are a phase in the continuing evolution of this body of federal environmental policy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental policy; Environmental regulation; Regulatory reform; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15231

'Second-Best' Adjustments to Externality Estimates in Electricity Planning with Competition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Krupnick,   Alan J.
A number of state public utility commissions are using "social costing" methods to consider externalities in electricity resource planning. The most comprehensive and formal method is the use of monetary place-holders in the financial evaluation of new investments and potentially in system dispatch to reflect quantitative estimates of externality values. This approach necessarily must take existing environmental and social regulation as given. Furthermore, regulated utilities face increasing competition from electricity generators outside their service territory who may not be affected by social costing. The lack of universal and uniform social costing places PUC actions soundly in the realm of "second-best policy" and they may have unintended consequences...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Second-best; Environmental regulation; Electricity regulation; Environmental adders; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q48; L51.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10753