Consulta: subjectFacets:"Experimental economics"
Registros recuperados: 50
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 05:36:22

Advancing the understanding of behavior in social-ecological systems: results from lab and field experiments
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Janssen, Marco A; Arizona State University; Marco.Janssen@asu.edu; Lindahl, Therese; Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Science; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; therese.lindahl@beijer.kva.se; Murphy, James J; Nankai University; University of Alaska Anchorage; Chapman University; murphy@uaa.alaska.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Behavioral economics; Common-pool resources; Experimental economics; Public goods; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2015

Sharing as risk pooling in a social dilemma experiment
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cherry, Todd L.; Appalachian State University; Center for International Climate and Environmental Research (CICERO); cherrytl@appstate.edu; Howe, E. Lance; University of Alaska Anchorage; elhowe@uaa.alaska.edu; Murphy, James J.; University of Alaska Anchorage; Nankai University; Chapman University; murphy@uaa.alaska.edu.
In rural economies with missing or incomplete markets, idiosyncratic risk is frequently pooled through informal networks. Idiosyncratic shocks, however, are not limited to private goods but can also restrict an individual from partaking in or benefiting from a collective activity. In these situations, a group must decide whether to provide insurance to the affected member. We describe results of a laboratory experiment designed to test whether a simple sharing institution can sustain risk pooling in a social dilemma with idiosyncratic risk. We tested whether risk could be pooled without a commitment device and, separately, whether effective risk pooling induced greater cooperation in the social dilemma. We found that even in the absence of a commitment...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Experimental economics; Idiosyncratic risk; Income smoothing; Insurance; Lab experiment; Public goods; Resource sharing; Risk pooling; Social dilemma; Social-ecological systems; Team production.
Ano: 2015

Economic Behavior in the Face of Resource Variability and Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: McAllister, Ryan R J; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; ryan.mcallister@csiro.au; Tisdell, John G; University of Tasmania; John.Tisdell@utas.edu.au; Reeson, Andrew F; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; andrew.reeson@csiro.au; Gordon, Iain J; CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences; The James Hutton Institute (Current Address); iain.gordon@csiro.au.
Policy design is largely informed by the traditional economic viewpoint that humans behave rationally in the pursuit of their own economic welfare, with little consideration of other regarding behavior or reciprocal altruism. New paradigms of economic behavior theory are emerging that build an empirical basis for understanding how humans respond to specific contexts. Our interest is in the role of human relationships in managing natural resources (forage and livestock) in semiarid systems, where spatial and temporal variability and uncertainty in resource availability are fundamental system drivers. In this paper we present the results of an economic experiment designed to explore how reciprocity interacts with variability and uncertainty. This behavior...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agistment; Experimental economics; Grazing; Investment game; Livestock mobility; Nomadism; Reciprocity; Trust game.
Ano: 2011

The Relation Between Income and Hunting in Tropical Forests: an Economic Experiment in the Field
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cardenas, Juan Camilo; Universidad de los Andes; jccarden@uniandes.edu.co.
Hunting in tropical forests is both a major cause of biodiversity loss and an important food source for millions of people. A question with important policy implications is how changes in income level affect how much people hunt. This study, which was carried out in an indigenous community in the Amazon, explored the relation between income and consumption of wild meat using an economic experiment in the form of a lottery, and involved the local people, not only as experimental subjects, but also in the interpretation of results. The results suggested that an increase in steady employment, rather than in income alone, may lead to the substitution of non-hunted foods for wild meat. The kind of social learning that participation in this type of economic...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Amazon; Economic development; Experimental economics; Hunting; Income; Lottery; Participatory research; Tropical forest; Wild meat.
Ano: 2006

Can the Threat of Economic Sanctions Ensure the Sustainability of International Fisheries? An Experiment of a Dynamic Non-cooperative CPR Game with Uncertain Tipping Point
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Selles, Jules; Bonhommeau, Sylvain; Guillotreau, Patrice; Vallee, Thomas.
Complex dynamic systems such as common-pool resource systems can undergo a critical shift at a given threshold, the so-called tipping point, which potentially requires substantial changes from the management system. We present in this research a framed laboratory experiment design to examine how the threat of economic sanctions influences the strategic management of a common-pool resource. We use the context of the East Atlantic bluefin tuna international fishery as it has been the archetype of an overfished and mismanaged fishery until a dramatic reinforcement of its regulations followed the threat of a trade ban. We consider endogenous threats and examine their effects on cooperation through harvest decisions taken in the context of non-cooperative game...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Experimental economics; Fisheries management; International fisheries; Policy making; Tipping points.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00623/73488/72786.pdf

PRICING STRATEGY UNDER MONOPOLY CONDITIONS: AN EXPERIMENT FOR THE CLASSROOM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Robert G.; Beil,   Richard O., Jr.
This classroom experiment allows students to explore pricing strategies available to the monopolist.  Students are given full information about their costs but know nothing about demand except that it is simulated by the instructor.  They submit their price-asked and quantity-offered records on one day and receive the quantity-sold response from the instructor on the next day, continuing this routine until they discover the profit-maximizing price and quantity.  One of the objectives is to demonstrate that search strategies based on economic principles (MC=MR) can be more efficient than trial-and-error.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Games; Monopolistic; Teaching; Demand and Price Analysis; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15420

The Effect of Information Choice and Discussion on Consumers' Willingness-to-Pay for Nanotechnologies in Food
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roosen,   Jutta; Bieberstein,   Andrea; Marette,   Stephan; Blanchemanche,   Sandrine; Vandermoere,   Frederic.
We evaluate the impact of different information sequences on participants’ hypothetical willingness to pay (WTP) for food produced using nanotechnology. In three treatment groups, information on the health, societal, or environmental impact linked to nanotechnology was revealed in different sequences: an imposed order, a chosen order, and a chosen order after a discussion among participants. Results show that information choice is important. While in the imposed order, the first information revealed has no effect on WTP, the information chosen first has a strong impact. Discussion has no further impact. Health information was a priority and significantly decreased WTP, while societal and environmental information did not significantly influence WTP.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Discussion; Experimental economics; Food nanotechnology; Information choice; Willingness to pay; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117398

An experimental study of wine consumers’ willingness to pay for environmental characteristics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bazoche,   P.; Deola,   C.; Soler,   Louis-Georges.
The reduction of pesticides use is becoming a priority for the public authorities in many countries. We conducted an experiment with wine consumers to see whether end-consumers value the dissemination of information about environmentally-friendly production practices. The experiment was devised to (i) evaluate whether there is a premium for environmentally-friendly wines, (ii) determine whether or not consumers are sensitive to label owners who implement and guarantee the environmental actions, (iii) and assess the impact of public messages about the consequences of pesticide use. Some 139 participants were divided randomly into two groups. One group had no specific information about the current state of pesticide use in farming. The other group was given...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Wine; Effect of information; Experimental economics; Environment; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43651

Optimal Institutional Mechanisms for Funding Generic Advertising: An Experimental Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Kent D.; Schmit,   Todd M.; Kaiser,   Harry M.
Given the uncertain legal status of generic advertising programs for agricultural commodities, alternative voluntary funding institutions are investigated hat could provide a high level of benefits to producers. This experimental study simulates key economic and psychological factors that affect producer contributions to generic advertising. The results suggests that producer referendum play a critical role in increasing contributions and that producer surplus is maximized by a Provision Point Mechanism instituted by producer referendum with thresholds ranging from 68% to 90%, and expected funding from 47% to 77% of the time, depending on the level of advertising effectiveness.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Generic commodity advertising; Experimental economics; Producer referendum; Provision point mechanism; Marketing.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122106

Matching Grants and Charitable Giving: Why People Sometimes Provide a Helping Hand to Fund Environmental Goods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kotani,   Koji; Messer,   Kent D.; Schulze,   William D.
Matching grants are a prevalent mechanism for funding environmental, conservation, and natural resource projects. However, economists have largely been silent regarding the potential benefits of these mechanisms at increasing voluntary contributions. To examine the behavioral responses to different match levels, this research uses controlled laboratory experiments with generically framed instructions and introduces a general-form matching-grant mechanism, referred to as the proportional contribution mechanism (PCM). Results show that contributions are positively correlated with both the match and the induced value of the public good even when a dominant strategy is free-riding. An implication of this partial demand revelation result is that manifestations...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Matching grants; Public goods; Charitable giving; Voluntary contributions; Experimental economics; Warm glow; Helping hand; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90843

Generating Revenues from WTP for Ecosystem Restoration: An Auction Experiment on Public Goods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Elizabeth C.; Swallow,   Stephen K.
Research on public good auctions is intended to initiate development on new approaches to finance public goods, beyond government and philanthropic efforts. The researchers evaluate the potential to identify economic value for a subset of ecosystem services and markets that have the potential to provide for them. Empirical analysis focuses on public valuation for three specific types of ecosystem activities (bird habitat, sea grass restoration and shellfish restoration) in coastal Virginia. Data was collected using a field experiment employing an experimental auction approach with mechanisms to reduce free riding often seen in the experimental economics literature. These incentive mechanisms are applied to individual restoration activities and willingness...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Valuation; Public goods; Ecosystem services; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61654

Social Norms and Behavior in the Local Commons Through the Lens of Field Experiments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardenas,   Juan-Camilo.
Behavior in the local commons is usually embedded in a context of regulations and social norms that the group of users face. Such norms and rules affect how individuals value material and non-material incentives and therefore determine their decision to cooperate or over extract the resources from the common-pool. This paper discusses the importance of social norms in shaping behavior in the commons through the lens of experiments, and in particular experiments conducted in the field with people that usually face these social dilemmas in their daily life. Through a large sample of experimental sessions with around one thousand people between villagers and students, I test some hypothesis about behavior in the commons when regulations and social norms...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social norms; Regulations; Cooperation; Collective action; Common-pool resources; Experimental economics; Field experiments.; Public Economics; D71; Q0; Q2; C9; H3; H4.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91168

THE EFFECTS OF INFORMATION ON CONSUMER DEMAND FOR BIOTECH FOODS:  EVIDENCE FROM EXPERIMENTAL AUCTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tegene,   Abebayehu; Huffman,   Wallace E.; Rousu,   Matthew C.; Shogren,   Jason F.
Consumers' willingness to pay for food products decreases when the food label indicates that a food product is produced with the aid of modern biotechnology. This bulletin presents empirical evidence on consumers' willingness to pay for biotech foods based on the presence or absence of labels advising that the food was prepared with the aid of biotechnology. The authors designed and conducted an experimental auction to elicit consumers' willingness to pay for "genetically modified" (GM)-labeled and standard-labeled foods under different information regimes. The evidence gathered for vegetable oil, tortilla chips, and potatoes shows that labels matter. In particular, under all information treatments, consumers discounted food items labeled "GM" by an...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Biotech; Bioengineering; Biotechnology; Food labels; Auctions; Experimental economics; Random nth price; Willingness to pay; Demand and Price Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33577

Can Calibration Reconcile Stated and Observed Preferences?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Norwood,   F. Bailey.
Hypothetical bias is a pervasive problem in stated-preference experiments.  Recent research has developed two empirically successful calibrations to remove hypothetical bias, though the calibrations have not been tested using the same data or in a conjoint analysis.  This study compares the two calibrations in a conjoint analysis involving donations to a public good.  Results find the calibrations are biased predictors of true donations but that calibrated and uncalibrated models together provide upper and lower bounds to true donations.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Calibration; Experimental economics; Forecasting; Hypothetical bias; Public goods; Stated preference; Voluntary contributions; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q51; H41.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43735

Business Dynamics and Informal Contracts: Experimental Evidence from the Cowpea Street Food Sector in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otoo,   Miriam; Fulton,   Joan R.; Wu,   Steven Y.; Ibro,   Germaine.
We use field experiments in Niger to investigate the nature and efficiency of contractual structures in market transactions between kossai vendors and cowpea grinders (key input suppliers). Three contractual structures were employed: gift contract, standard price contract and discretionary bonus contract (most incomplete). Gift contracts and standard price contracts involve an upfront payment of grinding fees where discretionary bonus contracts involve payment after the quality of service is observed.   Gift contracts were found to be the most ex-ante efficient with the highest acceptance rates. Discretionary bonus contracts (most incomplete) were the most ex-post efficient that is, resulted in the highest quality. Our results suggest that the degree of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Incomplete contracts; Street food vendors; Experimental economics; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61458

The Choice of Fish Species: An Experiment Measuring the Impact of Risk and Benefit Information
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marette,   Stephan; Roosen,   Jutta; Blanchemanche,   Sandrine; Verger,   Philippe.
An experiment was conducted in France to evaluate the impact of health information on consumer’s choice. Fish have positive and negative health attributes, and we focus on fish species of diverging risk-benefit ratios. Successive messages revealing risks (methylmercury) and benefits (omega-3s), along with consumption recommendations, were delivered to experiment participants. Results show significant differences in reaction among participants depending on the sequencing order of information on risks and benefits. The results of the experiment are combined with a partial equilibrium model to determine the value of information. Acknowledging adjustments of equilibrium prices, health information is shown to have significant value to consumers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Fish consumption; Health information; Nutrition; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36701

Using Experimental Economics to Measure Social Capital and Predict Financial Decisions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karlan,   Dean S.
Questions remain as to whether results from experimental economics games are generalizable to real decisions in non-laboratory settings. Furthermore, important questions persist about whether social capital can help solve seemingly missing credit markets. I conduct two experiments, a Trust game and a Public Goods game, and a survey to measure social capital. I then examine whether behavior in the games predicts repayment of loans to a Peruvian group lending microfinance program. Since the structure of these loans relies heavily on social capital to enforce repayment, this is a relevant and important test of the games, as well as of other measures of social capital. I find that individuals identified as "trustworthy" by the Trust game are in fact less...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trust game; Experimental economics; Microfinance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; B4; C9; D8; O1.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28429

EXPERIMENTAL EXAMINATION OF A THIN MARKET: PRICE BEHAVIOR IN A DECLINING TERMINAL MARKET REVISITED
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Robert G.; Turner,   Steven C.
Perceived characteristics of thin markets are described and approaches to furthering their study are suggested.  Design features of a laboratory thin market, patterned after a typical livestock marketing situation, are described.  Price bias and variation from a "thick" private negotiation market with 22 traders is compared to that from a "thin" auction market with 8 traders.  No systematic price bias was found in any of the markets.  Price variation was actually lower in the thin auction market.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Auction; Experimental economics; Price discovery; Thin market; Marketing.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15328

EXPERIMENTAL MARKETS USING THE ELECTRONIC MARKET PLACE (EMP)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fackler,   Paul L.; McNew,   Kevin.
A computer system for implementing electronic markets on networks of personal computers is described.  The program allows a researcher or teacher to design market simulations to meet a variety of goals, and records a complete set of market activities for analysis.  Illustrations of example markets are provided, and the classroom application of market simulations in teaching agricultural economics is discussed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Computer software; Experimental economics; Simulations; Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15094

Behavioral Economic Concepts To Encourage Healthy Eating in School Cafeterias:  Experiments and Lessons From College Students
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.; Wansink,   Brian; Mancino,   Lisa; Guthrie,   Joanne F.
Changing small factors that influence consumer choice may lead to healthier eating within controlled settings, such as school cafeterias. This report describes a behavioral experiment in a college cafeteria to assess the effects of various payment options and menu selection methods on food choices. The results indicate that payment options, such as cash or debit cards, can significantly affect food choices. College students using a card that prepaid only for healthful foods made more nutritious choices than students using either cash or general debit cards. How and when individuals select their food can also influence food choices. College students who preselected their meals from a menu board made significantly different food choices than students who...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Behavioral economics; Healthy eating; Diet quality; Food choices; School meal programs; Experimental economics; ERS; USDA.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56489

Do Fishermen Have Different Attitudes Toward Risk? An Application of Prospect Theory to the Study of Vietnamese Fishermen
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nguyen,   Quang; Leung,   PingSun.
Field experiment and household survey data are combined to investigate whether working in a risky occupation such as fishing makes fishermen have different risk preferences than individuals in other occupations. Prospect theory is utilized as the main analytical framework and a structural model approach is developed to simultaneously correlate the parameters of the utility function under prospect theory with other socioeconomic variables. The key finding is that working in fishing makes economic agents less risk averse than others. Fishermen also tend to be less sensitive to probability weighting changes in the experiment. It is possible that fishermen have adapted to their unique environment by using specific heuristics for decision making under...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Prospect theory; Risk behavior; Vietnamese fishermen; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57624

Risikowahrnehmung und Verbrauchervertrauen nach einem Lebensmittelskandal - Eine experimentelle Studie
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bocker,   Andreas; Albrecht,   Silke.
An expected utility model with Baysean information processing that explains the extent of consumer reaction to a food scare by the degree of supplier differentiation with respect to reliability is put to an experimental test. The empirical results offer no support for the theoretical prediction that post food scare consumer trust in a particular supplier decreases with an increasing degree of differentiation. While gender and personal experience with a food poisoning contribute significantly to the explanation of the individual level of consumer trust after the – hypothetical – food safety incident, perceived characteristics of the specific risk factor listeriosis chosen for this study had by far the biggest impact.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Trust; Consumer behaviour; Food safety; Experimental economics; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98910

Expected Utility or Prospect Theory Maximizers? Results from a Structural Model based on Field-experiment Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bocqueho,   Geraldine; Jacquet,   Florence; Reynaud,   Arnaud.
We elicit risk preferences of French farmers in a field experimental setting under expected utility theory and cumulative prospect theory. We use two different estimation methods, namely the interval approach and the estimation of a random preference model. On average, farmers are risk averse and loss averse. They also exhibit an inverse S-shaped probability weighting function, meaning that they tend to overweight small probabilities and underweight high probabilities. We infer from our results that CPT explains farmers’ behaviour better than EUT in the context of our experiment. We also investigate how preferences correlate with individual socio-demographic characteristics. We find that education and agricultural innovation are negatively linked with risk...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk preferences; Field experiment; Experimental economics; Prospect theory; Risk and Uncertainty; C91; D81; J16; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114257

Health Information and the Choice of Fish Species: An Experiment Measuring the Impact of Risk and Benefit Information
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marette,   Stephan; Roosen,   Jutta; Blanchemanche,   Sandrine; Verger,   Philippe.
Replaced with revised version of paper 06/10/07.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Fish consumption; Health information; Nutrition; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18425

An Experimental Examination of Target Based Conservation Auctions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boxall,   Peter C.; Perger,   Orsolya; Packman,   Katherine.
Conservation auctions (CA) are typically employed to increase the provision of Ecological Goods and Services (EG&amp;S) for achieving environmental goals. This paper exmaines the ability of a CA to meet an environmental target. Previous research on this topic used the number of contracts as a target rather than some specified environmental goal. We used experimental economic methods benchmarked to a wetlands restoration case study to examine a target constraint that must be met by bidders rather than a budget constraint. However, since no budget constraint is employed, agencies with limited resources might have to use other auction design procedures to ensure that financial outlays to pay winning bidders are not too high while meeting the target....
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Conservation auctions; Environmental target; Experimental economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q52; Q58; D44.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121624

Fear or Greed? Duty or Solidarity? Motivations and Stages of Moral Reasoning: Experimental Evidences from Public-Goods Provision Dilemmas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyer,   Leandro Fredrico Ferraz; Braga,   Marcelo Jose.
As economists increasingly recognize the limits of the canonical self-interest assumption, the lack of a theory of human valuation that clearly specifies what determines an individual’s utility judgments renders the prediction of behavior in social dilemmas virtually impossible.  In this study, we examined the explanatory power of a structuralist-constructivist theory of adult development and this theory’s analytical significance to the understanding of behavioral diversity in situations where individual and collective interests collide. Experimental results suggest that the theoretical constructs built into the selected theory provide a reliable basis for predicting participants’ behavior when presented with two different collective-action dilemmas under...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social dilemmas; Experimental economics; Sociocognitive and moral reasoning; Adult development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C72; C92; D74.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53249

Fear or greed? Duty or solidarity? Motivations and the development of sociocognitive and moral reasoning: experimental evidences from public-goods provision dilemmas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyer,   Leandro Fredrico Ferraz; Braga,   Marcelo Jose.
The paper presents results connecting the participant’s motivations and behaviors in a step-level give some dilemma with the constructs in a selected theory of adult personality systems development including value judgment and moral reasoning.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Public-goods; Experimental economics; Psychosocial development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C72; C92; D74.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51339

AN EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS APPROACH TO ANALYZING PRICE DISCOVERY IN FORWARD AND SPOT MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krogmeier,   Joseph L.; Menkhaus,   Dale J.; Phillips,   Owen R.; Schmitz,   John D.
Laboratory experiments are used to generate data that facilitate investigation of pricing behavior in forward and spot markets.  Results suggest a tendency for prices in a spot market to converge to levels higher than those in a forward market.  The difference in these market environments is the supply schedule.  Buyers in a spot market are aware that supply is inelastic and become relatively aggressive bidders.  Forward markets have a relatively elastic supply schedule and buyers fare better. This may motivate firms to promote forward markets and/or vertically integrate in the procurement of inputs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Forward market; Price discovery; Spot market; Marketing.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15065

Developing Environmental Service Policy for Salinity and Water: Experiments with Regulations and Markets Linking Watersheds with Downstream Water Users
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nordblom,   Thomas L.; Reeson,   Andrew; Whitten,   Stuart M.; Finlayson,   John D.; Kelly,   Jason A.; Hume,   Iain H.
Shortfalls in water supplies are perhaps the greatest practical NRM policy concern in Australia today, looming larger in many minds than the great international debates on greenhouse gasses, climate change and biodiversity. Because forest land cover uses more water than any other, wide expansion of upstream tree plantations can significantly reduce water yields upon which downstream urban, agricultural and wetlands depend. We consider the economic efficiency and equity (profitability and distributional) consequences of upstream land use change. The ‘environmental services’ of concern in our study are the mean annual quantities and qualities (volumes and salt concentrations) of water flowing from upper parts of a catchment to the downstream interests...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Land use; Rival water uses; MBI; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6249

Mixed Tournaments, Common Shocks, and Disincentives: An Experimental Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wu,   Steven Y.; Roe,   Brian E.; Sporleder,   Thomas L.
Two well-known hypotheses from the literature on tournaments are that (1) tournaments can filter out common shocks thereby reducing agents’ risk exposure; and (2) disincentive effects can arise when a tournament scheme is administered on a group of mixed ability agents.  While handicapping and/or the creation of homogeneous groups have been suggested as mechanisms for mitigating disincentive effects, it is often impractical to use handicapping schemes and nearly impossible to create a completely homogeneous labor force.  Hence, contract administrators who intend to use tournaments to elicit effort must be able to assess the positive effects of tournaments (eliminate common shocks) against the negative effects (disincentive effects).  Using economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mixed tournaments; Incentives; Relative performance contracts; Experimental economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C91 D01; D81; D82; D86.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9703

Does tendering conservation contracts with performance payments generate additional benefits?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schilizzi,   Steven; Breustedt,   Gunnar; Latacz-Lohmann,   Uwe.
Policy makers aiming to get private landholders to supply non-marketed environmental services may need to provide efficient economic incentives. Two ideas have been explored to achieve this: linking contract payments to environmental outcomes and submitting the contracts to competitive tender. This paper investigates whether there are any gains to be had by combining the potential benefits of both approaches. Landholders’ risk aversion to only partially controlled outcomes may offset incentive effects if the fall in participation outweighs any increases in individual effort. Controlled lab experiments were designed on the basis of a theoretical model and were run in two countries, with varying rates of payments linked to environmental outcomes. Results...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conservation tenders; Auctions; Incentive contracts; Agricultural policy; Environmental policy; Market-based instruments; Experimental economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; C92; D44; D82; D86; H57; Q24; Q28.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100883

Equity judgments and context dependence: Knowledge, efficiency and incentives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schilizzi,   Steven.
Distributional equity concerns are often at least as important as economic efficiency and ecological sustainability in environmental and natural resource management policies. Until recently, however, economists have shied away from tackling equity issues, primarily because equity appeared as a slippery concept, varying across people and circumstances. This study takes this context-dependence of equity judgments as a starting point and shows that such dependence, far from being random, is systematic. A series of controlled laboratory treatments with University students were designed to investigate the role on distributional equity judgments of such context factors as knowledge of one’s position in society, how the existence of equity-efficiency tradeoffs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Equity; Fairness; Resource allocation; Environmental policy; Experimental economics; Welfare economics; Public choice; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics; C92; D03; D63; H23; Q56; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100887

Managing Saline Groundwater Impacts from Irrigation - Designing and Testing Emissions Trading in Coleambally Irrigation Area
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Whitten,   Stuart M.; Khan,   Shahbaz; Collins,   Drew; Ward,   John; Robinson,   David.
Irrigated agriculture often leads to recharge to local and regional groundwater systems greater than what the systems can absorb, resulting in the development of shallow watertables causing salinity and waterlogging. Policy based on emissions trading offers one option for effective management of existing recharge externalities if effective property rights to diffuse emissions can be defined. In this paper we combine the conclusions drawn from biophysical research with economic principles underpinning emissions trading to present such a system. Allocation of net recharge contracts to irrigation farms will internalize the costs associated with saline aquifer impacts. Irrigators may reduce their compliance costs by creating or purchasing credits that reduce...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Salinity; Irrigation; Recharge; Tradable emissions; Cap and trade; Hydrologic-economic modelling; Experimental economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9975

Using Experimental Auctions for Marketing Applications: A Discussion
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lusk,   Jayson L.
The present article discusses general issues associated with experimental auctions and their relative advantages and disadvantages over other marketing research techniques.  Experimental auctions create an active market environment with feedback where subjects exchange real goods and real money, which is not generally the case with other methods.  The article also discusses four experimental design issues associated with experimental auctions: auction mechanism, market feedback and bidder affiliation, demand reduction and wealth effects, and multiple attribute valuation. Each of these experimental design issues, if not properly controlled, have the potential to create serious flaws in marketing recommendations.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Auctions; Experimental economics; Marketing; Valuation; Willingness-to-pay; D44; C92; Q13; M31.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43210

Chapter 06: EXPERIMENTAL AUCTIONS TO MEASURE WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR FOOD SAFETY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fox,   John A.; Shogren,   Jason F.; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Kliebenstein,   James B.
This book was originally published by Westview Press, Boulder CO, 1995.
Tipo: Book Chapter
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Experimental economics; Auctions; Willingness to pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25986

Auctioning Conservation Contracts and Evaluating the Risk Attitudes of Farmers: Economic Experiments in Japan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sasaki,   Hiroki; Fujie,   Takeshi; Kawasaki,   Kentaro; Inoue,   Norikazu; Koito,   Kentaro.
Agri-environmental programs in Japan have generally been promoted through the provision of fixed payments for certain environment-friendly farming and management practices. However, the auctioning of agrienvironmental contracts is a noteworthy alternative for the furtherance of such programs. Conservation auctions are used to enhance the cost-effectiveness of public expenses and have been employed in practice as well as tested in various pilot projects in some countries. This study uses an experimental economics method to factor the risk attitude of participants into a comparison of uniform price (UP) auctions and discriminatory price (DP) auctions. Although some studies have compared fixed payments, UP auctions, and DP auctions, the superiority or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation auction; Experimental economics; Risk attitude; Environment-friendly farming; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109400

A CLASSROOM EXPERIMENT ON OLIGOPOLIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Robert G.; Beil,   Richard O., Jr.
This experiment demonstrates principles of decision-making in dynamic oligopolies, especially the difficulties in forming and maintaining cartels. As an illustration of firm behavior under imperfect competition, the game distinguishes between procedurally rational choices and substantively rational decisions in the context of collusive, Cournot, and competitive equilibria. The paper discusses results from an actual classroom exercise and suggests some additional variations in institutional details. Instructions for students and a spreadsheet program for producing payoff tables are provided in the appendices.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Teaching; Experimental economics; Oligopoly; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15353

Consumer Willingness to Pay for Genetically Modified Food Labels in a Market with Diverse Information: Evidence from Experimental Auctions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Wallace E.; Shogren,   Jason F.; Rousu,   Matthew C.; Tegene,   Abebayehu.
With the continuing controversy over genetically modified (GM) foods, some groups advocate mandatory labeling of these products, while other groups oppose labeling. An important issue is how GM labels affect consumers' willingness to pay for these food products in the market. Using a statistically based economics experiment with adult consumers as subjects, we examine how willingness to pay changes for three food products--vegetable oil, tortilla chips, and potatoes--when GM labels are introduced. Participants in the experiments discounted GM-labeled foods by approximately 14% relative to their standard-labeled counterparts. The evidence also showed that sequencing of food labels affects willingness to pay, and that randomizing treatments is an important...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer demand; Corn chips; Experimental economics; Food labels; Genetic modification; GM foods; Laboratory auctions; Potatoes; Vegetable oil; Willingness to pay; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31071

Voluntary Approaches to Transitioning from Competitive Fisheries to Rights-Based Management: Bringing the Field into the Lab
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Knapp,   Gunnar; Murphy,   James J.
This paper describes a novel experiment designed to examine how rent dissipation may occur in fisheries in which the right to participate is limited and fishermen compete amongst themselves for shares of an exogenous total allowable catch. We demonstrate that rent dissipation may occur through multiple mechanisms, and that the heterogeneity of fishermen has important implications for how rent dissipation occurs and the extent to which different individuals may benefit from the implementation of rights-based management. We apply this approach to investigate the concept of voluntary rights-based management under which managers divide the total allowable catch between two separate fisheries, and fishermen may choose between fishing for a guaranteed individual...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Experimental economics; Fisheries; Rights-based management; IHQ; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90837

WHEN SELF-INTEREST IS SELF-DEFEATING: THE PUBLIC GOODS EXPERIMENT AS A TEACHING TOOL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Robert G.; Beil,   Richard O., Jr.
This simple classroom experiment demonstrates many of the behavioral phenomena associated with the voluntary provision of a public good.  The mechanics of the game are explained in detail and complete instructions are provided, as well as suggestions for follow-up lectures.  Influences such as anonymous voting, persuasion, returns to free-riding, and duration of association can be explored in connection with concepts of incentives, individual rationality, and group welfare.  A number of variations and extensions can be used to incorporate prisoners' dilemmas, incentive compatible mechanisms, negative externalities, and Coasian bargaining.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Teaching; Experimental economics; Public goods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15171

External Validity of Hypothetical Surveys and Laboratory Experiments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chang,   Jae Bong; Lusk,   Jayson L.; Norwood,   F. Bailey.
We compare the ability of three preference elicitation methods (hypothetical choices, non-hypothetical choices, and non-hypothetical rankings) and three discrete-choice econometric models (the multinomial logit, the independent availability logit, and the random parameter logit) to predict actual retail shopping behavior in three different product categories (ground beef, wheat flour, and dishwashing liquid).  Overall, across all methods, we find a reasonably high level of external validity.  Our results suggest that the non-hypothetical elicitation approaches, especially the non-hypothetical ranking, outperformed the hypothetical choice experiment in predicting retail sales.  We also find that the random parameter logit can have superior predictive...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Choice experiments; Experimental economics; External validity; Field experiment; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43600

Incorporating Fairness Motives into the Impulse Balance Equilibrium and Quantal Response Equilibrium Concepts: An Application to 2x2 Games
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tavoni,   Alessandro.
Substantial evidence has accumulated in recent empirical works on the limited ability of the Nash equilibrium to rationalize observed behavior in many classes of games played by experimental subjects. This realization has led to several attempts aimed at finding tractable equilibrium concepts which perform better empirically; one such example is the impulse balance equilibrium (Selten, Chmura, 2008), which introduces a psychological reference point to which players compare the available payoff allocations. This paper is concerned with advancing two new, empirically sound, concepts: equity-driven impulse balance equilibrium (EIBE) and equity-driven quantal response equilibrium (EQRE): both introduce a distributive reference point to the corresponding...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fairness; Inequity aversion; Aspiration level; Impulse balance; Quantal Response; Behavioral economics; Experimental economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C72; C91; D01; D63.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50740

The Effective Use of Limited Information: Do Bid Maximums Reduce Procurement Cost in Asymmetric Auctions?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hellerstein,   Daniel; Higgins,   Nathaniel.
Conservation programs faced with limited budgets often use a competitive enrollment mechanism. Goals of enrollment might include minimizing program expenditures, encouraging broad participation, and inducing adoption of enhanced environmental practices. We use experimental methods to evaluate an auction mechanism that incorporates bid maximums and quality adjustments. We examine this mechanism’s performance characteristics when opportunity costs are heterogeneous across potential participants, and when costs are only approximately known by the purchaser. We find that overly stringent maximums can increase overall expenditures, and that when quality of offers is important, substantial increases in offer maximums can yield a better quality-adjusted result.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation auctions; Conservation Reserve Program; CRP; Bid caps; Experimental economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90850

Linking Policies for Biodiversity Conservation with Advances in Behavioral Economics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Global biodiversity loss and its consequences for human welfare and sustainable development have become major concerns.  Economists have, therefore, given increasing attention to the policy issues involved in the management of genetic resources.  To do so, they often apply empirical methods developed in behavioral and experimental economics to estimate economic values placed on genetic resources.  This trend away from almost exclusive dependence on axiomatic methods is welcomed.  However, major valuation methods used in behavioral economics raise new scientific challenges. Possibly the most important of these include deficiencies in the knowledge of the public (and researchers) about genetic resources, implications for the formation of values of supplying...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Behavioral economics; Contingent valuation; Experimental economics; Travel cost method.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55087

AUCTIONING OUTCOME-BASED CONSERVATION CONTRACTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Latacz-Lohmann,   Uwe; Schilizzi,   Steven; Breustedt,   Gunnar.
This paper explores two ideas to enhance the performance of agri-environmental contracting schemes: linking contract payments to environmental outcomes and putting the contracts up for tender. This paper investigates whether there are any gains to be had by combining the benefits of both approaches. Controlled lab experiments were run in two countries, systematically varying the rate at which payments are linked to environmental outcomes. This paper clarifies the conditions under which the benefits from combining tenders with incentive payments outweigh the costs.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation tenders; Auctions; Incentive contracts; Agricultural policy; Environmental policy; Market-based instruments; Experimental economics; Auktionen; Ausschreibungsverfahren; Agrar-Umweltverträge; Agrar-Umweltpolitik; Anreizverträge; Experimentelle Ökonomie; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Political Economy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114523

Risk Preferences and Demand for Insurance in Peru: A Field Experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Galarza,   Francisco B.; Carter,   Michael R.
This paper reports the results of behavioral economic experiments conducted in Peru to examine the relationship amongst risk preferences, loan take-up, and insurance purchase decisions. This area-based yield insurance can help reduce people's vulnerability to large scale covariate shocks, and can also lower the loan default probability under extreme negative covariate shocks. In a context of collateralized formal credit markets, we provide suggestive evidence that insurance may help reduce the fear of losing collateral that prevents potential borrowers from taking loans. Framing these experiments to recreate a real life situation, we started with a Baseline Game where subjects had to choose between a fallback production project and an uninsured loan. We...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Area-yield insurance; Credit; Covariate risk; Idiosyncratic risk; Risk aversion; Experimental economics; Peru; Risk and Uncertainty; C93; D81.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61871

Keep It Down: An Experimental Test of the Truncated k-Double Auction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doyon,   Maurice; Rondeau,   Daniel; Mbala,   Richard.
The introduction of a centralized institution for trading production rights in quota-regulated agricultural sectors can dramatically improve the flow of information among market participants and increase efficiency. On the other hand, prevailing conditions in these small markets can provide sellers with a market advantage, yielding high quota prices that impose important financial costs on quota holders and limit the entry of new producers into the industry. In this paper, we modify the normal allocation rule of the k-double auction (kDA) to counter thin market conditions and to favor buyers who bid low prices. In laboratory experiments, we test the “truncated” kDA (T-kDA) against a regular kDA for its ability to affect buyer and seller behavior and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: K-double auction; Experimental economics; Truncated; Efficiency; Commodity market; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90829

Health Benefits and Uncertainty: An Experimental Analysis of the Effects of Risk Presentation on Auction Bids for a Healthful Product
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shaw,   W. Douglass; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.; Silva,   Andres.
Experimental subjects receive a different presentation of a food product's potential health risk reductions if people habitually eat it, and then asked to bid for the product. Results suggest that the bids vary across the groups that receive differing risk information.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Health risks; Experimental economics; Auctions; Uncertainty; Risk and Uncertainty; D81; I12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23961

The Development of the Willingness to Cooperate: Collective-Action under the Light of the Constructivist Conception of Adult Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyer,   Leandro Fredrico Ferraz; Braga,   Marcelo Jose.
The paper presents experimental results connecting the participant’s behaviors in a common-pool resource dilemma, including communication and sanctioning conditions, with the constructs in a selected theory of adult personality systems development including value judgment and moral reasoning.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Commons dilemma; Experimental economics; Institutional analysis; Psychosocial development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C72; C92; D74.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51340

Should we combine incentive payments and tendering for efficiently purchasing conservation services from landholders?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schilizzi,   Steven; Breustedt,   Gunnar; Latacz-Lohmann,   Uwe.
Policy makers aiming to get private landholders to provide non-marketed environmental services need to provide efficient economic incentives. Two ideas have been explored to achieve this: linking contract payments to environmental outcomes and putting the contracts up for tender. This paper investigates whether there are any gains to be had by combining the benefits of both approaches. Landholder risk aversion may offset incentive effects if the fall in participation outweighs any increases in individual effort. Using controlled lab experiments in two countries and across four subject groups, and systematically varying the rate at which payments are linked to uncertain outcomes, this paper clarifies the conditions under which incentives overcome...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation tenders; Auctions; Incentive contracts; Agricultural policy; Environmental policy; Market-based instruments; Experimental economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59159