Consulta: subjectFacets:"F1"
Registros recuperados: 59
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 08:41:38

Central Banks’ Interest Rate and International Trade in BRIC Countries: Agriculture vs. Machinery Industry?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Borodin,   Konstantin; Strokov,   Anton.
The paper investigates interrelations between the dynamics of national central banks’ interest rates and international trade within the BRIC countries. It shows that countries with lower interest rates experience growth of the share of machinery industry exports rather than agriculture and food products, and, on the contrary, in countries with higher interest rates the share of agriculture and food exports increases and the share of machinery industry products declines. The investigation has shown that a relative shift in the interest rate can affect the specialization of countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Central banks’ interest rate; Exports; Specialization; Agribusiness; F1.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115528

Implicaciones de NAFTA, TLCUEM y de la integración de China a la OMC en el mercado de la berenjena: una perspectiva de equilibrio espacial
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guajardo,   Ramon; Rios,   Maricela.
Este artículo estudia el impacto de NAFTA, TLCUEM y de la integración de China a la OMC en el mercado mundial de la berenjena. Los impactos son medidos en términos de cambios en los flujos comerciales y en los precios. Se especificó y estimó un modelo de equilibrio espacial con precios endógenos y se simularon escenarios alternativos: con y sin la operación de los tratados y la integración de China a la OMC. Los resultados mostraron que la operación de estos tratados crea desviación de comercio. Además, la integración de China a la OMC aun con libre comercio mundial no impacta al mercado mundial de la berenjena.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Modelos de equilibrio espacial; Mercado de la berenjena; Programación cuadrática; Liberación comercial.; Agricultural and Food Policy; C6; D4; F1; N5.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57282

Food Quality Standards in Equilibrium Models: A Discussion of Current Modeling Approaches
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nolte,   Stephan; Rau,   Marie-Luise.
Throughout recent year food quality standards have become a ubiquitous phenomenon that nationally and globally influences agri-food markets. With equilibrium models commonly used in the quantitative analysis of market and trade effects, we review possible approaches to modeling standards existent in the literature, elaborate the reasoning behind them and discuss their suitability to reflect "real world" situations. While the modeling approaches identified may respectively depict a specific situation, they may not be appropriate in others. That is they capture certain effects of standards only. With increasing ability to account for the various effects of standards, the modeling approaches become more complex and the data requirements increase.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food quality; Standards; Modeling approaches; Equilibrium models; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; F1; C6; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25653

INTEGRATION AND INTERDEPENDENCE IN THE U.S. AND CANADIAN LIVE CATTLE AND BEEF SECTORS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Linda M.; Marsh,   John M.
The live cattle and beef markets of Canada and the United States are well integrated and highly interdependent, but in an unequal fashion. This paper assesses the role of trade agreements and domestic policies in increasing market integration and analyses the impact of remaining barriers to integration. In this paper, we use integration in the context of forming or blending markets into a whole. When the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (CFTA) was implemented in 1989, tariffs on both live cattle and beef were reduced and within a few years many were eliminated. In 1996, the United States imported 1.5 million head of slaughter and feeder cattle from Canada, nearly a sixfold increase in the number of cattle imported prior to CFTA, which numbered...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Live cattle trade; U.S. cattle and beef; Canadian cattle and beef; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29171

The Philippine Bakery Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woods,   Mollie; Thornsbury,   Suzanne.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Trade; Bakery; Philippines; Bakery Ingredients; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; D4; F1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52381

MOVING TOWARD A SINGLE MARKET IS HARD: TRADE TENSIONS IN THE CANADIAN-U.S. CATTLE AND BEEF MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Linda M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: SPS (sanitary and phytosanitary agreement); Technical barriers; U.S. cattle and beef trade; Canada cattle and beef; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29235

Italy and China Agri-Food Trade: Integration, Similarity and Competition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Antimiani,   Alessandro; Henke,   Roberto.
The paper looks at the increasing integration of China into the world market, with a specific focus on agricultural and food trade and on the Italian market. Agricultural trade among Italy and China has been limited to secondary products, especially originated in the livestock sector. However, in the last decade exchanges have been constantly increasing and the set of products changing deeply. Specifically, Italian exports to China have been specialising towards the typical "Made in Italy" processed products, showing a potential market for Italian agricultural and food products. In order to test the opportunity and the risks of the integration of China into the world agro-food markets, some similarity indices have been calculated, with refer to two...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International trade; Similarity index; Agri-food trade; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25283

IMPORT DEMAND FOR DISAGGREGATED FRESH FRUITS IN JAPAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmitz,   Troy G.; Seale,   James L., Jr.
Using annual Japanese fresh fruit import data from 1971 to 1997, this study analyzes the import patterns of Japan's seven most popular fresh fruits by implementing and testing a general differential dmand system that nests four alternative import demand specifications.  When tested against the general system using the five-good case (bananas, grapefutis, oranges, and lemons and aggregating pineapples, berries, and grapes), the analysis rejects the Almost Ideal Demand System and National Bureau of Research specifications but does not reject Rotterdam and Central Bureau of Statistics models.  When estimated using the six-good case (bananas, grapefuits, oranges, lemons, and pineapples and aggregating berries and grapes), the analysis rejects all...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Almost Ideal Demand System; Consumer demand; Fruit; Import demand; Japan; Rotterdam; Demand and Price Analysis; C3; F1; Q0.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15081

Multilateral Trade Agreements and Market-Based Environmental Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Carolyn; Hoffmann,   Sandra A.; Yoshino,   Yutaka.
We review the legal provisions of the WTO regime that have important implications for national, market-based environmental policies. We evaluate those provisions for their effects on a member country's ability and incentives to design economically efficient environmental policies. International trade institutions do not recognize the polluter pays principle, posing some challenges for unilateral policies addressing cross-border pollutants and leakage. Nor do they recognize the economic equivalence of emission tax and permit regimes, leading to different potential constraints on policy design and leaving some environmental policies open to influence by protectionist motives. As many legality issues have yet to be disputed and resolved, opportunities exist...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Environment; WTO; GATT; Market-based policies; Environmental Economics and Policy; F1; Q38.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10758

A Framework for Estimating U.S. WTO Domestic Support to 2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quiroga,   Jose.
The framework allows comprehensive and consistent measurement and classification of U.S. domestic support to 2015 under different assumptions. Projections of future U.S. domestic support patterns are made with estimates published in the USDA Agricultural Baseline Projections. We also use information from the OECD, FAPRI, NASS, and our own estimates. We present key elements and an overview of our analytical framework, assumptions of a baseline scenario, and some analytical results and observations arising from our analysis. The baseline scenario extends the classification of programs in WTO notifications to 2015. The framework consists of 65 spreadsheets, which are grouped into 4 analytical stages: calculation of program estimates by commodity; calculation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; AMS; De minimis; Domestic support; WTO; Framework; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1; Q17; Q18; F13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25412

MFA Quotas Elimination: the Case of Cotton Yarn in Greece -  a Multi-Market vs. a Single Market Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dadakas,   Dimitrios; Katranidis,   Stelios D.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade; Multi-Market; Welfare; International Relations/Trade; D6; F1; C0.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21390

Philippine Rice and Rural Poverty: An Impact Analysis of Market Reform Using CGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cororaton,   Caesar B.
This paper looks at how Philippine trade reform which consists of tariff reduction and elimination of quantitative restrictions (QR) on rice imports will affect poverty within two world trade scenarios: Doha and free world trade. The impact of Doha is very small and generates biased effects against agriculture. The impact of Philippine trade reform within the Doha agenda magnifies this biased effect, making rural households worse-off compared to urban households. However, eliminating rice QR generates a set of effects where consumer price reduction dominates nominal income decline. Thus, real income improves and poverty declines across household groups, but the net effects are lower in rural than in urban households. The impact of a free world trade...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rice; Impact analysis; Agriculture; Poverty; Computable general equilibrium CGE; Trade reform; Doha agreement; Free trade; Rural households; Urban households; Consumer prices; Philippines; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; F1; I3; N5; O5; Q0; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58578

Old and new partners: similarity and competition in the EU foreign trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Antimiani,   Alessandro; Henke,   Roberto.
The paper analyses the trade relationships among EU- 15 members and some emerging partners: the NMS, Turkey and China. The EU enlargement to 10 countries has modified quite remarkably the features of agri-food trade in Europe. Some of the NMS, such as Poland, Hungary and the Check Republic, contribute to a large extent to the international agri-food trade and, since the beginning of the process of EU accession, have modified dramatically the exchanges with the EU- 15. More recently, other countries are facing new relationships with the EU: Turkey and China. Turkey is a large Mediterranean country and, as a candidate to the EU accession, enjoys a differential treatment in the agri- food trade relationships with the EU. China can be considered as a new...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; F1; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10082

Agricultural trade liberalisation in the Doha Round: impacts on Spain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Philippidis,   George.
Whilst there is a growing literature of computable general equilibrium (CGE) studies examining the impacts of the current Doha Proposals, estimates for the EU are highly aggregated (i.e., EU15). Employing a detailed baseline scenario and a plausible Doha outcome, we examine the long run costs for the European Union, in particular focusing on Spain. Moreover, we implement recent CAP reforms through explicitly modelling of CAP mechanisms to provide greater credibility in assessing the long run asymmetric budgetary and welfare impacts on EU member states. Our estimates forecast resource substitution effects between Spanish agro-food sectors and resource shifts from agro-food activities into manufacturing and services production. In Spain, the impacts of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Doha Round; Spain; EU; CAP; Computable General Equilibrium.; F1; F13; F17; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28790

Food Protection for Sale
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Rigoberto A.; Matschke,   Xenia.
This article tests the Protection for Sale (PFS) model using detailed data from U.S. food processing industries from 1978 to 1992 under alternative import demand specifications. All empirical results support the PFS model predictions and previous empirical work qualitatively. Although welfare weights are very sensitive to import demand specification, a surprising result is that we obtain weights between 2.6 and 3.6 for domestic welfare using import slopes or elasticities derived from domestic demand and supply functions. In contrast, results based on import slopes or elasticities from directly specified import demands (including the Armington model) yield the usual, unrealistically large estimates for the domestic welfare weight. We contend that the latter...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade protection; Tariffs; Lobbying; Political economy; Food manufacturing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Political Economy; F13; F1; L66; C12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25195

The economics of trade, biofuel, and the environment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hochman,   Gal; Sexton,   Steven E.; Zilberman,   David.
The introduction of renewable biofuels was associated with global food crisis and unintended environmental consequences. This paper incorporates energy environment and agricultural sector to the classic Hecksher-Ohlin model to address these issues. A household production function model was introduced to model consumer energy choices and concern about externalities related to climate change and open space. The conceptual model links energy and food markets and derives guidelines for the development of climate change and land-use policies. The results suggest that globalization and capital  flows increase demand for energy, leading to decline in food production, increase in food prices, and loss of environmental land. Globally optimal outcomes may require...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Biofuel; Environment; Globalization; Capital flows; Technical changes; Household production; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D1; F1; Q4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59254

The effect of biofuel on the international oil market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hochman,   Gal; Rajagopal,   Deepak; Zilberman,   David.
This paper derives a method to quantify the impact of biofuel on fuel markets, assuming that these markets are dominated by cartel of oil-rich countries, and that prices in these countries are set to maximize the sum of domestic consumer and producer surplus, leading to a wedge between domestic and international fuel prices. We model this behavior by applying the optimal export tax model (henceforth, the cartel-of-nations model) to the fuel markets. Using data from 2007 to calibrate the model, we show that the introduction of biofuels reduces global fossil fuel consumption and international fuel prices by about 1% and 2%, respectively. We identify large differences between the effects of introducing biofuels using the cartel-of-nations model, in contrast...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy; OPEC; Biofuel; Fuel; Carbon savings; Optimal export tax model; Cheap oil; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F1; Q4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59170

WHEAT IN CHINA: SUPPLY, DEMAND, AND TRADE IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rozelle,   Scott; Huang,   Jikun.
The future role of China in world wheat markets is a compelling and important issue for producers in the Northern Plains. Some analysts have estimated that China will continue to demand large quantities of imported wheat. Others have forecast that China will gradually move to a position where domestic supply will meet the nation's demand for wheat. China's own economists also have conflicting views. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences researchers have predicted that the nation will remain at least self-sufficient and could be a large exporter. China's net imports of grain decreased steadily between 1989 and 1993. Moreover, despite large imports in 1994 and 1995, China has had an overall agricultural trade surplus with the United States during most of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China wheat; China trade; Supply; Demand; International Development; F1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29178

Agricultural Efficiency Gains and Trade Liberalization in Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   Khalid H.A.; Babiker,   Babiker Idris.
The traditional agriculture in Sudan occupies 60% of the total cultivated land and employs 65% of the agricultural population. Nevertheless, it is characterized by its low crop productivity, which is mainly driven by low technical efficiency, while drought and civil conflicts threaten most of its areas countrywide.  Therefore, it has contributed only an average of 16% to the total agricultural GDP during the last decade. This paper addresses from an empirical point of view the sectoral and macroeconomic implications of agricultural efficiency improvement in Sudan and assesses the efficiency gains under the assumption of trade liberalization. Efficiency improvement experiments are implemented by augmenting the efficiency parameters of labor, capital, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural efficiency; Liberalization; Sudan SAM; CGE analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; D2; D5; D6; E1; E2; F1; F2; H2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112786

A 2004 Social Accounting Matrix for Israel: Documentation of an Economy-Wide Database with a Focus on Agriculture, the Labour Market, and Income Distribution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   Khalid H.A.; Flaig,   Dorothee; Luckmann,   Jonas; Grethe,   Harald.
This document describes the Israeli Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the year 2004, developed by the Agricultural and Food Policy Group at the University of Hohenheim. The SAM is a part of a larger research project which aims to analyse several economic, trade, and labour policies in the context of economic integration of agriculture between Israel and the West Bank. Data are obtained from various sources in Israel. Sources include the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics (ICBS), the Central Bank of Israel (CBI), and the Israeli Tax Authority (ITA). Data from sources outside of Israel are used to fill-in some gaps in the domestic reports. External sources include the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: SAM; IO Table; CGE; Database; Israel.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Labor and Human Capital; C6; C8; D1; D3; D5; D6; E2; E6; F1; F2; H2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110156

EVALUATING THE IMPACTS OF THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE'S PRELIMINARY IMPOSITION OF TARIFFS ON  U.S. IMPORTS OF CANADIAN LIVE CATTLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brester,   Gary W.; Marsh,   John M.; Smith,   Vincent H.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Import tariffs; Cattle price effects; International Relations/Trade; D4; F1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29248

Technical Barriers to Interstate Trade: Noxious Weed Regulations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gopinath,   Munisamy; Min,   He; Buccola,   Steven T.
We focus on regulations controlling the spread of noxious weeds, especially the trade effects of regulatory differences across U.S. states. We specify a gravity model for each state’s seed, nursery product, and commodity trade with each other state. Within the gravity model, we examine the role of cross-state regulatory congruence arising from ecological and agronomic characteristics and interest-group lobbying. A spatial-autoregressive Tobit model is estimated with a modified expectation-maximization algorithm. Results show that weed regulatory congruence positively affects interstate trade. By fostering cross-state regulatory differences, consumer and commodity-producer lobbying reduce the value of interstate trade by about two percent per annum.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Interstate trade; Invasive species; Rent-seeking; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; F1; H7; Q5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100527

Sources of the rural-urban productivity disparities and the policy implications on rural development in Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Hanho; Gopinath,   Munisamy.
This paper investigates the effect of trade cost changes on the spatial productivity distribution in Korea. Data on gross value added and primary factors for 163 spatial units during 2000-2005 are assembled to estimate local TFP using a value-added function. In our application, we control for agglomeration economies so as to identify factors shifting the regional raw-productivity distribution over time. The TFP estimation results show that the Korean regional economy exhibits constant returns to scale, along with significant localization economies. We find that and trade costs reduction and infrastructure improvement significantly shift to the right all percentile values of the regional productivity distribution, while amenity does not affect the movement...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agglomeration economies; Spatial productivity distribution; Trade cost; Community/Rural/Urban Development; F1; R3.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94896

THE CHINESE MARKET FOR U.S. PORK EXPORTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hayes,   Dermot J.
China feeds twenty-two percent of the world's population on seven percent of its arable land. In contrast, the U.S. and Canada own seventeen percent of the world's arable land, but feed only five percent of its people. As China's income increases, its people will demand more livestock products, including poultry, dairy, beef, and eggs, and more alcohol. Potential Chinese import demand for pork is examined in this paper. The question facing Chinese policymakers is whether to follow their current policy of food self-sufficiency or allow imports of pork muscle and variety meats. Projections of Chinese production and consumption indicate that, by the year 2007, China could import up to 9.1 million metric tons (product weight equivalent) of pork. The current...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China trade; Livestock; Feedgrains; Meat; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29173

PERFECT SUBSTITUTES: A NOTE ON THE ALCHIAN-ALLEN HYPOTHESIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vedrashko,   Alexander; Smith,   Vincent H.
Alchian and Allen hypothesized that a country will export high rather than low quality goods. Here we show that if the inherent attributes of the commodities are identical the country will only export the high-quality good.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Transport costs; Patterns of trade; Product quality; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29245

NORTH AMERICAN AND THE WORLD GRAIN MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   D. Gale.
The increase in world grain production in the past half-century was unparalleled in the history of the world. In that same period, the absolute increase in the world's population exceeded that of all previous history--it more than doubled. The supply of grain more than kept up with the rapid growth of demand--the per capita supply of calories in developing countries increased by 27 percent between the early 1960s and the early 1990s while the real price of grain in international markets declined by at least a third. The expansion of grain production since 1960 has been largely achieved through higher yields--the substitution of other inputs for land. Consequently the roles of land and the diminishing returns to land have been significantly attenuated by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: World grain; Comparative advantage; Diminishing returns; Price variability; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29177

Public Expenditure and International Specialisation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brulhart,   Marius; Trionfetti,   Federico.
It is widely recognised that public-sector purchasers tend to discriminate in favour of domestic suppliers. We study the consequences of home-biased public procurement on international specialisation. In the theoretical analysis we find two effects. First, a country will specialise in the sector for which it has relatively large home-biased procurement (the "pull" effect). Second, home-biased procurement can counter agglomeration forces and thereby attenuate the overall degree of international specialisation (the "spread" effect). Our empirical analysis, conducted on input-output data for the European Union, yields supporting evidence for the pull effect and some support for the spread effect. Es ist hinlänglich bekannt, dass Käufer aus dem öffentlichen...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Public expenditure; International specialisation; Economic geography; European Union; Input-output analysis; Public Economics; H5; F1; R3; R15.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26299

CHANGING CANADIAN GRAINS POLICIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR MONTANA'S GRAIN INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Linda M.
In Canada many changes have been made, and more are pending, to their grain transportation policies. This package of policy changes has two offsetting impacts on freight rates for Canadian grain producers. The removal of transportation subsidies on grain for export offshore has roughly doubled the cost of transporting grain for the Canadian producer. In addition, the change in pooling points will increase freight rates even more for producers in the eastern part of the prairies. Whether federally owned grain hopper cars are sold to the railways, or to an association of Canadian producers, the cost of the sale is likely to be born by producers through increased freight rates over a number of years. In addition, Canadian producers will bear the cost of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Canada wheat; Montana wheat; Grain policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; F1.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29172

NAFTA, GATT, AND AGRICULTURE IN THE NORTHERN ROCKIES AND GREAT PLAINS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Vincent H.
Over the past seven years, the U.S. government has been involved in trade negotiations that have led to one bilateral and two multilateral agreements whose provisions have substantive implications for U.S. agricultural trade. The first of these sets of trade negotiations led to the bilateral Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement (CFTA). The second resulted in the current multilateral General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) which was implemented on January 1, 1995. The third set of negotiations, initiated under the Bush Administration, led to the multilateral North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was approved by Congress in November 1993 and implemented on January 1, 1994. The three agreements signed by the U.S. since the late 1980's...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: NAFTA; GATT; Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q1; F1.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29175

The Effect of Relative Prices and Exchange Rates on Domestic Market Share of U.S. Red-Meat Utilization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Keithly G.
Trade-related factors influencing the decline in domestic market share of U.S. red meats were investigated. The study are to examine the effects of relative meat price changes (domestic and imported), the relative U.S. dollar values and their volatilities, and the effect that BSE has had on U.S. red-meat trade. The results show that the relative meat price and exchange rate indices as well as their volatilities significantly affect the U.S. market share of its total meat utilization. The BSE dummy variable has an expected positive sign, though it was statistically insignificant.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Red meats; Market share; Relative price index exchange rates; Panel estimation; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; C23; F1; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25424

Export Growth In India: Has FDI Played a Role?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sharma,   Kishor.
Export growth in India has been much faster than GDP growth over the past few decades. Several factors appear to have contributed to this phenomenon including foreign direct investment (FDI). However, despite increasing inflows of FDI especially in recent years there has not been any attempt to assess its contribution to India's export performanceone of the channels through which FDI influences growth. Using annual data for 1970-98 we investigate the determinants of export performance in India in a simultaneous equation framework. Results suggest that demand for Indian exports increases when its export prices fall in relation to world prices. Furthermore, the real appreciation of the rupee adversely effects India's exports. Export supply is positively...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exports; Commercial policy; Export subsidies; Foreign direct investment; Exchange rates and India; F21; International Relations/Trade; F1; F13; F14.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28372

GRAIN QUALITY AND NORTH AMERICAN HARD WHEAT EXPORTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Past debate on competition and quality in international wheat markets has focused on class and country of origin as the salient source of differentiation. This study analyzes changes in demand for both wheat classes and grades. Comparisons are made between Canadian and U.S. hard wheats, principal competitors in the hard wheat market. Both countries are dominant producers of Hard Red Spring Wheat (HRS in the United States and Canadian Western Red Spring [CWRS] in Canada); the United States is the dominant producer of Hard Red Winter (HRW); and both countries are large producers of durum (Hard Amber Durum [HAD] in the United States and Canadian Western Amber Durum [CWAD] in Canada). Due to the indigenous similarities among these wheats, the competitive...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Grain quality; Wheat exports; Wheat markets; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29249

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THE FTAA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Colyer,   Dale.
Paper presented at the 24th West Indies Agricultural Economics Conference, Granada, July 19-12, 2002.  Environmental issues have become important in trade agreement negotiations.  NAFTA explicitly includes environmental provisions and they are affecting ongoing WTO and FTAA negotiations.  The final role of the environment in the FTAA is uncertain, given opposition by most of the members.  The draft FTAA agreement does not contain a separate section on the environment, but a U.S. position paper indicates that environmental provisions are important and that U.S. negotiators will seek to incorporate environmental concerns into specific chapters such those on investment and agriculture.   The large number and varied economic and environmental conditions of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International trade; Trade agreements; Agricultural trade; Environment; Trade and environment; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; F1; F13; F15; F18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19107

The sensitivity of trade flows to trade barriers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raimondi,   Valentina; Olper,   Alessandro.
This study analyzes the sensitivity of trade flows to trade barriers from gravity equations, using different econometric techniques recently highlighted in the literature. Specifically, we compare a benchmark OLS fixed effects specification a la Feenstra (2002) with three emerging estimation methods: the standard Heckman correction for selection bias, to account for zero trade flows; the Eaton and Tamura (1994) Tobit estimator, to solve limited-dependent variable issues; and, finally, the Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood (PPML) technique, to correct for the presence of heteroskedasticity. Our gravity model includes trade among 193 exporter and 99 importer countries, in 18 food industry sectors. The paper achieves two goals: First it provides estimates of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gravity model; Food Trade; Substitution elasticity; Trade liberalization; International Relations/Trade; F1; F13; F14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50658

A graphical analysis of the functioning of tariff rate quotas: market access and welfare effects for exporting countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laroche Dupraz,   Catherine; Matthews,   Alan.
This paper analyses the economics of tariff rate quotas assuming a large importing country and several different suppliers with differing levels of competitiveness. Eleven theoretical situations are distinguished according to the way the quota is allocated to exporters, the level of constraint imposed by the quota and the relative competitiveness of export suppliers. A graphical analysis is developed and the effects of tariff rate quotas on market access and welfare gains for exporters are discussed in the eleven cases.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Tariff rate quotas; Quota rents; Market access; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7210

Common Ground Between Free-Traders and Environmentalists
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Sacheti,   Sandeep; Zhao,   Jinhua.
We use a North-South model with property right differences and resource dynamics to study the effects of trade on resource use and welfare. Autarky is likely to Pareto-dominate free trade in the long run when the environment is quite fragile, and the result is reversed when the environment is quite resilient. Trade may cause an environmentally poor country to drag down" its richer trading partner; in this case, both countries degrade their stocks when these would be preserved under autarky. Alternatively, trade may enable the environmentally richer country to pull up" its partner; in this case both countries preserve their stocks when these would be degraded under autarky. These results rationalize the positions of environmentalists and free-traders. The...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; D5; F1; O2; Q2.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25042

Tariff Equivalent of Technical Barriers to Trade with Imperfect Substitution and Trade Costs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yue,   Chengyan; Beghin,   John C.; Jensen,   Helen H.
The price-wedge method yields a tariff-equivalent estimate of technical barriers to trade (TBT). An extension of this method accounts for imperfect substitution between domestic and imported goods and incorporates recent findings on trade costs. We explore the sensitivity of this revamped tariff equivalent estimate to its determinants (substitution elasticity, preference for home good, trade cost, and the reference data chosen). We use the approach to investigate the ongoing U.S.-Japan apple trade dispute and find that removing the Japanese TBT would yield limited export gains to the United States. We then draw policy implications of our findings.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SPS; WTO; Technical barriers; Japan; Trade cost; International Relations/Trade; F1; F18; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24765

A PERSPECTIVE ON OREGON WHEAT GROWERS' INTERESTS IN THE MILLENNIUM ROUND OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Linda M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wheat and wheat trade; GATT; WTO; Seattle; Agricultural trade; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29252

PUBLIC POLICY IN VERTICALLY RELATED MARKETS: A COURNOT OLIGOPOLY-OLIGOPSONY MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Desquilbet,   Marion; Guyomard,   Herve.
We use a partial equilibrium two-country model, with two vertically related markets, with perfect competition in the primary good sector and with a fixed number of processing firms in each country, characterized by a Cournot behavior upstream and downstream. In the first stage of the game, the government of the exporting country chooses the level of price instruments on both goods. The targeting principle is used to characterize optimal intervention in presence of a minimum revenue constraint towards primary producers. Keywords: vertically related markets, imperfect
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vertically related markets; Imperfect competition; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; F1; H2; L1; Q1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21561

IMPORTANCE OF THE PROCESSED FOOD SECTOR FOR THE U.S. AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Devadoss,   Stephen.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Processed food trade; Processed food; U.S. agricultural industry; Agribusiness; Q1; F1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29246

Tomato Wars: A Discussion of How International Trade, Structural Changes, and Competitiveness Affect the North American Produce Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Estes,   Edmund A.
The demand for a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, including fresh market tomatoes, has increased significantly over the past decade because of greater convenience in use, improved selection, and rising health and diet concerns.  As U.S. demand for tomatoes and other horticultural crops strengthens, inexperienced domestic and international suppliers believe they can compete effectively within U.S. markets.  Free trade agreements have reduced monetary barriers to trade, but remaining impediments, such as institutional and competitive market constraints, represent significant challenges for southern U.S. growers.  This paper discusses points addressed by VanSickle, Eastwood, and Woods concerning trade and horticultural market development.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fruits; Marketing; NAFTA; Trade; Vegetables; F1; L1; L2; Q17; R3.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43207

A NEW LOOK AT THE TRADE VOLUME EFFECTS OF REAL EXCHANGE RATE RISK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Kai-Li; Barrett,   Christopher B.
This paper takes a new empirical look at the longstanding question of the effect of exchange rate volatility on international trade flows by studying the case of Taiwan's exports to the United States from 1989-1998.  In particular, we employ sectoral level, monthly data and a multivariate GARCH-M estimator with corrections for leptokurtic errors that is consistent with the core hypothesis that traders' forward contracting behavior might be affected by exchange rate risk.  We find that real exchange rate risk has insignificant effects in most sectors, although agricultural trade volumes appear highly responsive to real exchange rate volatility.  These results differ significantly from those obtained using more conventional and restrictive modeling...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; F1; F3.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14751

The effect of biofuel on the international oil market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hochman,   Gal; Rajagopal,   Deepak; Zilberman,   David.
This paper derives a method to quantify the short- to medium-run impact of biofuel on fuel markets, assuming that these markets are dominated by cartel of oil-rich countries, and that prices in these countries are set to maximize the sum of domestic consumer and producer surplus, leading to a wedge between domestic and international fuel prices. We model this behavior by applying the optimal export tax model (henceforth, the cartel-of-nations model) to the fuel markets. Using data from 2007 to calibrate the model, we show that the introduction of biofuels lowered global gasoline and diesel consumption and international fuel prices by about 1% and 2%, respectively. We identify large differences between the effects of introducing biofuels using the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; OPEC; Biofuel; Fuel; Carbon savings; Optimal export tax model; Cheap oil; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F1; Q4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61722

CHILE'S WHEAT TRADE ENVIRONMENT: THE ECONOMICS OF PRICE BANDS, IMPORT TARIFFS AND POLICY TRANSPARENCY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Vincent H.; Goodwin,   Barry K.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wheat trade; Chile; Price bands; GATT; WTO; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29251

International Competition and Environmental Expenditures: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Manufacturing Plants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaiser,   Kai; Schulze,   Gunther G.
This paper analyzes environmental expenditures in Indonesia - a significant newly industrializing economy - reported at the plant level comprising all 23 thousand manufacturing establishments with more than 20 employees. Since compliance is barely enforced, pollution abatement expenditures are effectively voluntary in nature. This allows us to test whether foreign owned firms expend more due to a technology that adheres to stricter Western standards or whether the predominant effect is that both foreign and domestic exporting companies are more environmentally conscious due to better technology transfer or green consumerism in the Western countries. If so, this would contradict conventional wisdom that environmental expenditures reduce competitiveness and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental regulation; Competitiveness; Multinational enterprises; Green consumerism; Export performance; Indonesia; Environmental Economics and Policy; F1; Q1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26255

PREVALENCE AND REFORM OF STATE TRADING IMPORTERS IN WORLD GRAIN MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Linda M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: State trading enterprises; Agricultural trade; World grain markets; International Relations/Trade; F1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29241

PATTERNS AND DETERMINANTS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE COSTS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olper,   Alessandro; Raimondi,   Valentina.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/16/07.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade costs; Gravity; Processed Foods; Geography; Infrastructure; Trade Policy; Inequality; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade; F1; F13; F14.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9799

CHANGING STRUCTURES IN THE BARLEY PRODUCTION AND MALTING INDUSTRIES OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buschena,   David E.; Gray,   Richard S.; Severson,   Ethan.
Substantial changes have taken place recently in the regulation of agricultural trade in North America. The effect of these changes on trade in agricultural commodities is of particular interest to producers and policymakers in the Northern Plains and Rockies region. In this paper, we discuss specifically the malt barley production, malting, and brewing industries in light of these new  trade agreements and their ramifications. We evaluate the incentives that free trade provides for mergers between barley malting firms, and then we assess the consequences of these mergers on the realized gains from trade for consumers, barley producers, and malting firms. The globalization of markets has fundamentally changed the world in which economic agents operate....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Malting barley; Industry concentration; Free trade agreement; Industrial Organization; Q1; F1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29168

Markets Adapt to China's Changing Diet
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gale,   H. Frederick, Jr.; Henneberry,   Shida Rastegari.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: China; Meat; Consumption; Prices; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Q1; F1; P2.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94711

The Impact of The European Enlargement and CAP Reforms on Agricultural Markets. Much Ado about Nothing?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Beghin,   John C.; Dong,   Fengxia; Elobeid,   Amani E.; Fuller,   Frank H.; Matthey,   Holger; Tokgoz,   Simla; Wailes,   Eric J.
We analyze the effects of the 2004 CAP reform and EU enlargement on European and world agricultural markets. We compare the results from a CAP reform only and a CAP reform plus enlargement scenarios to a no-enlargement baseline implementing Agenda 2000 CAP policies. We utilize the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute's policy analysis model to simulate the effects of CAP reform and EU enlargement on production, consumption, and trade for the EU, its New Member States (NMS), and major players in world agricultural markets. The model is a partial-equilibrium model of world agricultural markets including important producer and consumer countries in world livestock and products, dairy, grains, oilseeds and products, cotton and sugar markets. Each...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: CAP; Trade reform; Policy reform; Enlargement; New member states; European Union; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing; F1; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25618

Oil and Agriculture in the Post-Separation Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   Khalid H.A.
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), which was signed by the government of Sudan and the Sudanese People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) ended more than 20 years of civil war. According to the CPA, the Sudan’s government has 50% of the oil exploited from the wells existing in the south in addition to the oil produced from the northern wells. The latter represents about 30% of the total oil production in Sudan. In January 2011, the people in southern Sudan have voted for separation from the Sudan and in July 2011 the Republic of South Sudan was officially announced as Africa’s newest state.  Now the CPA period is over and the south possesses its entire production of oil, but need to use the export infrastructure that exists in the north to export it. For...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Oil; Agriculture; Sudan; South Sudan; Separation; CGE modelling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; C6; D5; D6; F1; F2; H5; N5.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122341

FDA Refusals of Food Imports by Exporting Country Group
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buzby,   Jean C.; Regmi,   Anita.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; F1; I18; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94706

FOOD AID AND COMMERCIAL INTERNATIONAL FOOD TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.
1. This paper was commissioned by the Trade and Markets Division of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to address the relationship between food aid and commercial international food trade as background to an anticipated OECD study on the export competition aspects of food aid.  The terms of reference for this study call for "a critical review of the existing literature on the potential use of food aid as an export support policy or, alternatively, the potential that food aid bears implications similar to those of export supporting policies."     2. This paper can be summarized as follows.  Food aid has multiple objectives, modalities and effects and there has been significant movement over time in each of these areas....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; O1; Q17; F1; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14742

WHEAT QUALITY AND WHEAT YIELDS: TRADE-OFFS AMONG PRICE, YIELD, PROFIT, AND RISK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Vincent H.
In this report, important wheat quality attributes and their links to varietal differences are identified, and their technical and economic importance to the milling and baking industries is examined. Wheat class and grading systems used in the United States and other countries are described, and the relationships between wheat classes and wheat varieties and between physical and wholesomeness attributes and grades are identified. The per bushel prices received by farmers' for their wheat depend on the classes and grades of wheat they produce. However, wheat classes and, to some degree, grades are linked to varietal choices and those choices also affect average per acre yields and year-to-year yield variability. Therefore, this report also examines the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Grain trade; Grain quality; Wheat trade; Wheat quality; U.S. wheat; International Relations/Trade; F1; Q1.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29174

Exigências Líquidas e Dietéticas de Energia, Proteína e Macroelementos Minerais de Bovinos de Corte no Brasil
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Silva,Fabiano Ferreira da; Valadares Filho,Sebastião de Campos; Ítavo,Luís Carlos Vinhas; Veloso,Cristina Mattos; Valadares,Rilene Ferreira Diniz; Cecon,Paulo Roberto; Paulino,Pedro Veiga Rodrigues; Moraes,Eduardo Henrique Bevitori Kling de.
Foram utilizados dados parciais ou totais de vários experimentos sobre exigências nutricionais de bovinos, nos quais foi usada a técnica do abate comparativo, abate de uma amostra representativa dos animais experimentais no início do período de alimentação e determinação da composição do corpo vazio. Os conteúdos de gordura, proteína, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na e K retidos no corpo dos animais de cada grupamento racial foram estimados por meio de equações de regressão do logaritmo do conteúdo corporal de proteína, gordura, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na e K, em função do logaritmo do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ). As exigências líquidas de proteína, energia, Ca, P, Mg, Na e K foram obtidas a partir de equação Y' = b. 10ª. Xb-1, sendo "a" e "b" o intercepto e coeficiente...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eficiência de utilização de energia; F1; Holandês; Mestiço; Novilhos inteiros; Requerimento; Zebu.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982002000300029

Environmental and genetic effects on the lactation curves of four genetic groups of crossbred Holstein-Zebu cows
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Glória,Joana Ribeiro da; Bergmann,José Aurélio Garcia; Quirino,Célia Raquel; Ruas,José Reinaldo Mendes; Pereira,Jonas Carlos Campos; Reis,Ronaldo Braga; Coelho,Sandra Gesteira; Silva,Martinho de Almeida e.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of genetic group and environmental factors, including farm of origin, season of calving and lactation number, on the individual lactation curves of 1,010 Holstein-Gyr, Guzerat-Holstein, Holstein-Nellore, and Holstein-Zebu F1 cows on the experimental farms of the Agricultural Research Company in Minas Gerais (Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, EPAMIG). Least squares analysis and the incomplete gamma function were used to investigate differences in early milk yield, peak milk yield, time from onset to the lactation peak, persistency, total milk yield and lactation duration. The highest early yields were observed for Holstein-Gyr and Holstein-Zebu, and the lowest were observed for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bovine; F1; Incomplete gamma function.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012001100002

Curvas de lactação de quatro grupos genéticos de mestiças Holandês-Zebu
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Glória,Joana Ribeiro da; Bergmann,José Aurélio Garcia; Quirino,Célia Raquel; Ruas,José Reinaldo Mendes; Matos,Carlos Rafael Araújo de; Pereira,Jonas Carlos Campos.
Modelaram-se curvas de lactação a partir de 1.340 lactações de vacas F1 dos grupos Holandês-Gir, Holandês-Guzerá, Holandês-Nelore e Holandês-azebuado com controles leiteiros realizados a cada 14 dias, provenientes de duas fazendas. O manejo nutricional era à base de pastagens no verão e silagem de milho e cana-de-açúcar com ureia no inverno, e ração concentrada na ordenha, de acordo com a produção. A função Gamma Incompleta foi utilizada para estimação dos parâmetros das curvas, da produção no pico da lactação, do tempo entre o início da lactação e o pico, da persistência e da produção total de leite. Dentro de cada grupo genético, curvas foram modeladas para as várias ordens de lactação. Coeficientes de determinação ajustados foram superiores a 90% para a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bovinos; F1; Gamma Incompleta.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001000009

Estudo técnico e econômico de um sistema de produção de leite com gado mestiço F1 Holandês-Zebu
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Moraes,A.C.A.; Coelho,S.G.; Ruas,J.R.M.; Ribeiro,J.C.V.C.; Vieira,F.A.P.; Menezes,A.C.
Avaliaram-se a viabilidade técnica e a rentabilidade de um sistema de produção de leite com gado mestiço, mediante análise de custos e receitas da atividade e avaliação da rentabilidade. Os dados foram obtidos de uma unidade experimental da EPAMIG, situada no município de Felixlândia, MG, e referem-se a dois períodos iguais de um ano cada. As variáveis analisadas foram: rentabilidade nos períodos de análise, custo de cria do bezerro e sua importância sobre a receita da atividade. A viabilidade do sistema foi demonstrada pela rentabilidade de 20,2% no ano 1 e 37,6% no ano 2; a venda dos bezerros à desmama representou 25% da receita total.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gado de leite; Sistema de produção; F1; Rentabilidade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352004000600008

Intake, milk production and weight change curves for lactating Holstein x Zebu cows under grazing
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Santos,S.A.; Valadares Filho,S.C.; Detmann,E.; Ruas,J.R.M.; Prados,L.F.; Mariz,L.D.S.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate feed intake and develop lactation and weight change curves for Holstein x zebu cows under grazing. Eighteen F1 cows were used, divided into three treatments; 6 were Holstein x Gir (HGI), 6 were Holstein x Guzerat (HGU), and another 6 were Holstein x Nelore (HNE), under the feeding conditions of pasture plus concentrate with 22% of crude protein (CP). To estimate individual feed intake at pasture, 2 markers were used: titanium dioxide to estimate fecal dry matter (DM) excretion, and the indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF) to estimate individual pasture intake. The Wood (1967) model was used to evaluate milk yield and the parameters were estimated for each genetic group, as follows: HGI =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Crossbreeding; F1; Lactation; Tropical grasses.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000300827