Consulta: subjectFacets:"Food Security and Poverty"
Registros recuperados: 2.001
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 02:45:23

Taking a multiple-use approach to meeting the water needs of poor communities brings multiple benefits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); International Water and Sanitation Centre; Global Water Partnership (GWP).
This briefing was produced by International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre, the Technical Committee of the Global Water Partnership (GWP) and the GWP Advisory Center at IWMI. It draws primarily on research from the Multiple Use Systems (MUS) project and the Productive Uses of Water Thematic Group (Prodwat) (see references for further reading). The brief complements Catalyzing Change, the GWP handbook for developing IWRM and water efficiency strategies and plans, and the associated policy and technical briefs. Single-use approaches to water development and management do not reflect the realities of poor people’s water use. People use domestic water supplies for activities such as irrigating backyard...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water use; Domestic water; Irrigation water; Poverty; Water supply; Drinking water; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113060

LAND QUALITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AND FOOD SECURITY: BIOPHYSICAL PROCESSES AND ECONOMIC CHOICES (PowerPoint Presentation)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiebe,   Keith D.
PowerPoint presentation
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32974

Implications of Transgenic Rice for Farm Households' Nutritional Vulnerability: Projections for Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liang,   Yan; Reaves,   Dixie Watts; Norton,   George W.
This paper employs multivariate regression to forecast the calorie intake of Bangladeshi farm households in the hunger season based on the household income, production, and demographic composition in the current (post harvest) season. Nutritional vulnerability profiles are derived from the estimation of ex ante mean and variance of future consumption. The results show the income increase induced by introducing transgenic rice will reduce each individual household's probability of suffering a future consumption shortfall and its vulnerability. The overall vulnerability profile of farm households improves in Bangladesh.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9748

The economic value of releasing parasitoid for the control of maize stemborers in East and Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kipkoech,   Anderson Kipruto; Schulthess,   Fritz; Yabann,   Wilson K.; Maritim,   Henry K.; Muchugu,   Erick; Mithofer,   Dagmar.
The braconid larval parasitoid Cotesia flavipes Cameron was introduced from Asia into East and Southern African region starting in 1993 to control the invasive exotic maize stemborer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). A quasi-experiment was constructed using farmers that applied sublethal dosages of pesticide in assessing the counterfactual for the impact of the establishment of the introduced parasitoid in five countries in the region. Logistic regression method was used to estimate the probability that farmers’ would inadvertently exclude parasitoids in their maize field. Thereafter the propensity score matching method was used to find corresponding farmers excluding parasitoids among those who did not for yield comparison. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Benefit-cost; Biological control; Impact assessment; Maize; Stemborers; Parasitoids; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51679

Food and Nutritional Insecurity and its Determinants in Food Surplus Areas: The Case Study of Punjab State
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sidhu,   R.S.; Kaur,   Inderpreet; Vatta,   Kamal.
The incidence and depth of food and nutritional insecurity has been estimated and its determinants in a food-surplus area, viz. the state of Punjab, have been studied. The consumption expenditure has been found to be directly associated with the levels of income/assets in both rural and urban areas. The study has revealed that the food and nutritional insecurity prevails even in the food-surplus areas, with low-income households being more vulnerable to it. The access to food determined by the level of income and family-size has been found as the most important factor influencing food and nutritional security in food-surplus areas. Increase in production alone does not ensure food and nutritional security. The study has suggested that income and employment...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47365

IMPACTS OF THE NORTHEAST INTERSTATE DAIRY COMPACT ON SUPPLY, RETAIL PRICES AND THE WIC PROGRAM: AN INTRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nicholson,   Charles F.; Wang,   Qingbin; Lass,   Daniel A.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31607

Achieving food security in China: Implications of WTO accession
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Ronald C.
The results of a three-year study of the implications of China's accession to the WTO for its agricultural sector and policy options to maximise the benefits of the trade reforms are reported. The most important message from the study is that macro-economic and other non-agriculture specific policies can do much to improve the outcome for rural households and thereby improve food security. These policies include the promotion of urban development in inland areas and gradual reform of monetary policy. However, agricultural policies need further reform, including abandoning of price support and regional self-sufficiency policies, reform of monopolistic agricultural marketing and distribution activities, and reform of the state grain storage system....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58402

ON THE EMPIRICAL FINDING OF A HIGHER RISK OF POVERTY IN RURAL AREAS: IS RURAL RESIDENCE ENDOGENOUS TO POVERTY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.
Research shows households are more likely to be poor in rural versus urban America. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who choose rural residence have unmeasured attributes related to human impoverishment? To address this, two models are estimated using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data. A single equation Probit model of household poverty replicates the well-documented finding of higher poverty risk in rural places. However, a two-stage instrumental variables approach accounting for residential choice finds no measured effect of rural location on poverty. Results suggest failure to correct for endogenous rural residence leads to over-estimation of the "rural effect".
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Endogeneity; Households; Instrumental variables; Poverty; Rural; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18917

DYNAMICS OF POVERTY AND FOOD SUFFICIENCY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ribar,   David C.; Hamrick,   Karen S.
This study examines dynamics in poverty and food insufficiency using newly available longitudinal data from the 1993 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation SIPP) and the follow-on Survey of Program Dynamics (SPD). The study uses these data to characterize the incidence and dynamics of poverty and food problems for the entire U.S. population and for different subgroups. It also estimates multivariate, discrete-choice regression models to examine the factors associated with transitions into and out of poverty and food insufficiency, and it analyzes the empirical results in the context of a life-cycle model of income and food consumption. Results indicate that the incidence of food insufficiency in the United States is low-less than 3 percent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food sufficiency; Food insufficiency; Food security; Food insecurity; Poverty; Well-being; Hunger; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33851

EFFECTS OF EBT CUSTOMER SERVICE WAIVERS ON FOOD STAMP RECIPIENTS: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirlin,   John A.; Logan,   Christopher.
Most State agencies are now using electronic benefits transfer (EBT) systems to issue food stamp benefits. To promote operational efficiency, some States have received waivers of certain rules governing EBT use. An exploratory study was conducted to ascertain the effects of these waivers on food stamp recipients. The results show that two of the waivers-those allowing recipients to select their own personal identification numbers and to receive EBT training by mail rather than in person-cause new food stamp recipients in waiver States to have more difficulties in using the electronic system than new recipients in nonwaiver States. Further, the difficulties are more apparent among the elderly or disabled. However, the problems tend to disappear as new users...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: EBT; New recipients; Customer service; Vulnerable subgroups; Recipient satisfaction; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33843

Cereal Marketing and Household Market Participation in Ethiopia: The Case of Teff, Wheat and Rice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebremedhin,   Berhanu; Hoekstra,   Dirk.
Teff, wheat and rice are becoming important market oriented crops in Ethiopia. This study aims at analyzing the market participation of farm households, market actors, market channels and determinants of household market participation for these crops. Results are based on analysis of data collected from community and household surveys in three districts in three regional states of the country in 2005. Analysis of descriptive information and econometric analysis are used. About 65 - 77% of households produce these market oriented commodities, on about 27 – 44% of the total cultivated area. About 47 – 60% of the produce of these market oriented commodities is sold.  The important market places for producers of these commodities are the district town markets...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52102

Education, Employment and Social Inclusion within the European Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laselle,   Laurence; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Employment and social inclusion have been regular themes in the agenda of the European Union for the past fifteen years. From a soft coordinated approach mainly focused on the fight against unemployment, the European Union has moved towards a more coordinated but still voluntary strategy for its Member States and this agenda now has multiple economic, social and environmental objectives. A constant feature of these strategies has been the use of education and training policies, in particular for young people who are at risk of social exclusion. This paper reviews the relevant agenda of the European Union and presents the concept of second chance schools initiated by the European Commission in 1995. It seeks to understand how the elements associated with...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: European Union; European Commission; Education; Social Inclusion; Second chance schools; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123542

USAID Contributes to Building National Capacity to Strengthen Food Security: An Example from Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Staatz,   John M.; Weber,   Michael T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads May 2008-July 2009: 13.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11333

FOOD SAFETY IN FOOD SECURITY AND FOOD TRADE: OVERVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Unnevehr,   Laurian J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16572

Toward a Research Agenda to Promote Household Access to Food in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Molla,   Daniel.
The objective of this report is to review available evidence on the potential to  promote access to food for vulnerable groups in Ethiopia through two main methods: food transfer  programs, and appropriate policies influencing the food marketing system. These issues are  examined with a view to identifying priority issues for analysis under the MEDAC/MSU/USAID Food  Security Project in Ethiopia. In particular, the report presents trends in food aid and food  production in Ethiopia, and provides preliminary evidence of the possible disincentive effects of  food aid on agricultural production incentives and investments in the food marketing system;  discusses the costs and benefits of various food aid transfer programs, and highlights major  unresolved...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Food aid; Food production; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q18.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55591

Relationship Quality and Innovation Capacity of Chains: The Case of the Traditional Food Sector in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gellynck,   Xavier; Kuhne,   Bianka; Weaver,   Robert D.
The purpose of the paper is to explore how the perceived relationship quality is related to the innovation capacity in chains of the traditional food sector. Based on suggestions from theory and previous studies, empirical evidence is drawn from a survey of 90 traditional food chains including 270 chain partners from three European countries in four traditional food product categories. Heterogeneity across these chains is first examined based on cluster analysis that identifies three distinct clusters interpreted as reflecting three levels of intensity in innovation capacity: high, medium, and low. Next, we define measures of the chain relationship quality through characteristics such as trust, conflict and reputation. Results suggest that various aspects...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation capacity; Chain relationship quality; Traditional food products; SMEs; Different chain relationship directions; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121841

THEFT AND RURAL POVERTY: RESULTS OF A NATURAL EXPERIMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fafchamps,   Marcel; Minten,   Bart.
This paper investigates the relationship between theft and poverty in rural areas. Following a disputed presidential election, fuel supply to the highlands of Madagascar was severely curtailed in early 2002, resulting in a massive -- if temporary -- increase in poverty. This situation constituted a natural experiment of the effect of poverty on theft. Using original survey data collected in June 2002 at the height of the crisis, we find that crop theft increases with poverty and that an increase in law enforcement personnel reduces cattle theft, a form of organized crime. Results suggest that theft is used by some of the rural poor as a risk coping strategy. Increased transport costs led to a rise in cattle and crop theft, suggesting that isolation raises...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25902

Biofuels, Growth and Agricultural Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Msangi,   Siwa.
Global projections for increasing food demand combined with increasing demand for energy from all sources – including crop-based biofuels – point towards greater stress on food systems and their supporting ecosystems. In many parts of the world, increasing household incomes has translated into increasing demands for energy, of which transportation fuel comprises a fast-growing share. Accompanying the world’s steady population growth is an increasing demand for food and the necessary feedstuffs to fuel the requisite increases in livestock production. The combination of these two trends will inevitably lead to greater stresses and demands on the natural resource base and eco-systems that underlie the world’s food and energy production systems – such as land...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Agriculture; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51723

Sécurité alimentaire en Afrique de l’Ouest : Enjeux et Eléments Stratégique pour sa Réalisation.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango; Staatz,   John M.
The situation analysis and perspectives on food security West Africa shows a widening gap between the needs of consumption and nutrition and food availability at Global countries, households and individuals. Low gains productivity in food production and import capacity are the major constraints to the achievement of security Food in the region. The agricultural growth becomes the prerequisite for improving the food situation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; West Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q18; Q17; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58546

Rethinking Impact: Understanding the complexity of poverty and change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: ILAC Initiative; PRGA Program; ILRI.
Summary of workshop on Rethinking Impact: Understanding the complexity of poverty and change. March 26–28, 2008, Cali, Colombia
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Impact; CGIAR; Workshop; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52537

Um Estudo sobre a Pobreza Rural com Abordagem Multivariada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Neder,   Henrique Dantas.
É realizada a aplicação de uma metodologia para a construção de um índice de pobreza multivariada abrangendo um conjunto de variáveis que vão além do conceito de insuficiência de renda (considerado em medidas de pobreza unidimensionais), incluindo condições domiciliares, de saneamento, de mercado de trabalho e de educação. Comparam-se os resultados obtidos por esta metodologia e aqueles obtidos pela construção de um índice de pobreza unidimensional para os anos de 1995 e 2004, considerando-se as Unidades da Federação do Brasil. O principal aspecto relevante encontrado é que os indicadores de pobreza multivariada têm um ordenamento bastante distinto para as Unidades da Federação quando comparados com o ordenamento do indicador de pobreza baseado na...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pobreza rural; Desenvolvimento rural; Pobreza multivariada; Indicadores sociais; Rural poverty; Rural development; Multivariate poverty; Social indicators; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106087

Analysis of Factors Influencing Adoption of Dairy Technologies In Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Makokha,   Stella Nabwile; Karugia,   Joseph Thuo; Staal,   Steven J.; Oluoch-Kosura,   Willis.
Indicators of poverty in western Kenya show high poverty levels. The area has low dairy development yet the potential for dairy development is quite high. Dairy farming has the potential to reduce poverty by increasing incomes and reducing unemployment. This paper reports factor interrelationships in dairy adoption with a view to understanding factors that influence adoption. The binary probit model was used to analyse data from 1575 households. Contrary to findings from similar studies elsewhere, some factors had a negative association with adoption, thus unfolding a unique adoption process. The association between the factor interactive affects and technology adoption highlighted the importance of exploring factor interrelationships. The widely held...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Factor interrelationship; Spatial factors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52094

Poverty Targeting, Resource Degradation and Heterogeneous Endowments – A Micro-Simulation Analysis of a Less Favored Ethiopian Village
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuiper,   Marijke H.; Ruben,   Ruerd.
Persistent and widespread poverty in less favored areas (LFAs) is attributed to fragile natural resources and poor markets. Limited assets may keep households outside the reach of poverty policies targeted at LFAs. We explore in a stylized manner the role of heterogeneous household assets for (1) policies aimed at poverty reduction; (2) within-village income inequality; (3) soil erosion. With a farm-household microsimulation model we analyze for each household in a remote Ethiopian village three sets of policies: technology improvement, infrastructure investment, and off-farm employment through migration or cash for work (CFW) programs. Combating poverty with a single policy, migration reduces the poverty headcount most. Because of self-selection, CFW...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Less-favored areas; Farm households; Poverty; Erosion; Micro-simulation; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C6; Q12; Q56.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25340

Does supplementary food program help children during the crisis? Evidence from Indonesian Panel Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Satriawan,   Elan.
This study evaluates the effectiveness of supplementary food program that was aimed to help the children to maintain their health when facing the 1997/98 economic crisis in Indonesia. To do so we apply difference-in-difference method for two different kinds of sample: unmatched and matched one. The results from unmatched (using pooled OLS and fixed-effect) and matched (average treatment effect based on propensity scores) tend to be consistent: during 1997/98 crisis, children who were exposed to the program have better nutritional status relative to those who were not. Yet with matching sample we manage to produce higher estimated program effect on nutritional status of the treated children. This result may suggest that the use of matched sample may even...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21210

Rift Valley Fever: An Economic Assessment of Agricultural and Human Vulnerability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hughes-Fraire,   Randi; Hagerman,   Amy D.; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Gaff,   Holly.
This research focused on the assessment of the U.S. agricultural sector and human vulnerability to a Rift Valley Fever (RVF) outbreak and the implications of a select set of alternative disease control strategies. Livestock impact assessment is done by using an integrated epidemic/economic model to examine the extent of RVF spread in the Southeast Texas livestock population and its consequences plus the outcome of implementing two different control strategies: emergency vaccination and larvicide vector control separately plus when they are used simultaneously. Human impact assessment utilized an inferential procedure, which comprises of a cost of illness calculation to assess the dollar cost of human illnesses and deaths, as well as a Disability Adjusted...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rift Valley Fever; Outbreak; Welfare; Vaccination; Larvicide.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98629

Smallholder Cash Cropping, Food Cropping and Food Security in Northern Mozambique: Summary, Conclusions and Policy Recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Cash cropping; Food cropping; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56022

Levies on Agricultural Commodities: Who Benefits? A Rapid Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mwiinga,   Billy; Shawa,   Julius J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Shaffer,   James D.
This report provides an initial assessment of the impact of agricultural commodity  taxes levied by local district authorities on the national objectives of food security, poverty  alleviation and economic growth. A study was undertaken to provide government with a better  understanding of the effects of the grain levy on the national policy objectives of promoting  food security, poverty alleviation, and economic growth in Zambia.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural commodity taxes; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54469

Nonfarm Employment and Poverty Reduction in Rural Ghana: A Propensity-Score Matching Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Owusu,   Victor; Abdulai,   Awudu.
This article investigates the impact of nonfarm employment on farm household income and way out of poverty, using farm household data from Brong-Ahafo region of Ghana. A propensity score matching model is used to evaluate the impact participating in both wage and self-employment. Separate estimates are also provided for males and females. The results from the study show that nonfarm employment has a positive and robust effect on farm household income and a negative and significant effect on the likelihood of being poor. Self-employment was found to have much higher impacts than wage employment, reflecting the fact that most employment opportunities in the rural areas are in the former sector.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Non-farm employment; Poverty; Matching; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51363

The Effect of Distance and Road Quality on Food Prices, Marketing Margins, and Traders' Wages: Evidence from Zaire
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minten,   Bart; Kyle,   Steven C.
Major investments in infrastructure rehabilitation have been undertaken by govemments, development banks and donors in developing countries in recent decades. In Sub-Saharan Africa roaddeterioration isperceivedtobeoneofthemaincausesforthelimitedsupplyresponseafter price liberalization in agricultural markets. Studies of the quantitative effects on marketing margins are rare. This analysis shows that the wholesale -producer food price margin is strongly influenced by the quality of the road infrastructure. Evidence from Zaire shows that food prices decrease faster than transportation costs increase and that traders' wages are higher on bad roads. A trader's model incorporating uncertainty in input costs is used to explain this phenomenon.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121304

Smallholder Heterogeneity and Maize Market Participation in Southern and Eastern Africa: Implications for Investment Strategies to Increase Marketed Food Staple Supply
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Boughton,   Duncan; Jayne,   Thomas S.
In many African countries, as well as in other parts of the world where a significant part of the rural population is poor and food insecure, policymakers face what is called the food price dilemma. On the one hand, they need to provide farmers with incentives to increase the quantity of marketed food staples to feed a growing population, especially in rapidly growing urban centers where unrest can be politically destabilizing. On the other hand, because staple foods account for a large portion of total household expenditures for both urban and rural households, policymakers also are drawn to policies that lower the retail price of staple foods for consumers. Achieving both objectives – increasing marketed supplies of food staples while maintaining low...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Maize; Africa; Food security; Food supply; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118473

AN OPERATIONAL TOOL FOR EVALUATING POVERTY OUTREACH OF DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PROJECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Henry,   Carla; Lapenu,   Cecile.
Development institutions and projects frequently seek to target poorer segments of the population. Yet, existing methods for evaluating their outreach are generally unsuited to most operational settings, since they are either too costly and cumbersome (e.g., detailed income or household surveys), or they produce results that are not comparable between villages or regions within a country (e.g., participatory poverty appraisals). This paper presents a new and operationally suitable method to measure the poverty of clients of development projects in relation to the general population of nonclients. The method was developed in response to demands by donors and development practitioners for a low-cost evaluation instrument that could be used as a regular...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16443

ASSESSING FOOD PRODUCTION POTENTIALS IN THE FINAL STATE OF STATIONARY POPULATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Adolf.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13347

The Impact of ‘Rice for the Poor’ on Household Consumption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pangaribowo,   Evita Hanie.
This study investigates the impact of the 'Rice for the Poor' program - an almost universal program of Indonesian Social Safety Net (SSN) Programs launched in 1998. The general aim of the program was to mitigate the decrease of household nutrition well-being. The program has provided highly subsidized rice for poor households. Using the Indonesian Family Life Survey, this study implements propensity score matching combined with difference in difference method. It is revealed that the program has increased households' consumption on nutrient-rich, animal source food though aid-fungibilty was also present.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact evaluation; ‘Rice for the Poor’; Nutrient-rich food; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124358

POVERTY, FOOD SECURITY, AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16346

THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM, AND FOOD INSUFFICIENCY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gundersen,   Craig; Oliveira,   Victor.
The ability of food stamps to ameliorate food insufficiency in the U.S. is estimated with self-selection models which incorporate the systematic differences between eligible food stamp participants and non-participants.  The analysis is performed with a sample of eligible households from the 1992 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20839

Public Spending and Poverty Reduction in an  Oil-Based Economy: The Case of Yemen
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chemingui,   Mohamed Abdelbasset.
This study is part of a collaborative project between the International Food Policy Research Institute and the Arab Planning Institute in Kuwait on public policy and poverty reduction in the Arab region. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of an increase in public spending in priority areas on economic growth and poverty reduction in Yemen. To accomplish this objective, the study builds a dynamic Computable General Equilibrium model to provide a baseline scenario of changes in the economy and poverty levels in Yemen during the period 1998-2016. Alternative scenarios are then compared to isolate the specific impact of several policies on poverty. The scenarios assume an increase in public spending devoted to three priority areas (agriculture,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42412

Impacto dos rendimentos de aposentadoria e pensão na redução da pobreza rural
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maia,   Alexandre Gori; Oliveria,   Marcelli Mariano; Ballini,   Rosangela; Dedecca,   Claudio Salvadori.
Este trabalho analisa o impacto dos rendimentos de aposentadoria e pensão sobre a redução da pobreza no Brasil. Mais especificamente, a análise terá como foco as diferenças existentes entre as famílias das áreas urbanas e rurais do país, nos anos de 1995 e 2006. A hipótese central é de que as aposentadorias e pensões cumprem importante papel no rendimento das famílias mais pobres e das áreas rurais, contribuindo principalmente para a redução da pobreza nas regiões mais precárias do país. Esta dependência teria ainda aumentado no período analisado devido, sobretudo, à vinculação dos rendimentos de aposentaria e pensão ao salário mínimo e aos ganhos reais observados por este no período.------------------------This papers analyzes the impacts of retirement...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rendimento de aposentadoria e pensão; Pobreza rural; Distribuição de renda; Retirement pensions; Rural poverty; Income distribution; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108073

PROBLEMS IN BREAKING THE POVERTY CYCLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cizon,   Francis A.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17533

The Cost of Food Self-Sufficiency and Agricultural Protection in South Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beghin,   John C.; Bureau,   Jean-Christophe; Park,   Sung Joon.
As part of its food security policy, South Korea has been pursuing food self-sufficiency using high tariffs and high administrative prices in key agricultural and food markets. Using a dual approach to trade and trade restrictiveness indices, we analyze the impact of these market distortions on welfare and trade volume. Then, we compute optimum distortions, which minimize the welfare cost of observed self-sufficiency and production objectives. We rationalize these optimum distortions to what could be claimed as legitimate protection under a "food security" (FS) box in World Trade Organization negotiations. FS-box protection is sensitive to changes in the definition and the extent of the FS objectives. We show that FS via production targets and reliance on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural distortions; Food security; Korea; Protection; Targeting; WTO negotiations; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24879

Intensity of Food Stamp Use and Transient and Chronic Poverty: Evidence from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Atasoy,   Sibel; Mills,   Bradford F.; Mykerezi,   Elton.
The relationship between food assistance and inter-annual family poverty dynamics is examined using data from the 1995-2003 Panel Study of Income Dynamics. We generate expenditure-based poverty measures to examine the determinants of transient and chronic poverty, with particular focus on the differential role that Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation may have on each dimension of poverty. Results indicate that transient poverty accounts for a larger share of economic hardship than chronic poverty. Both dimensions of poverty are reduced at nearly the same rate by additional months of FSP participation. In general, the determinants of chronic and transient poverty are not found to differ significantly; both aspects of poverty appear to be correlated with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6541

CROSS-COUNTRY TYPOLOGIES AND  DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES TO  END HUNGER IN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Xiaobo; Johnson,   Michael; Resnick,   Danielle; Robinson,   Sherman.
A key motivation behind this study is to explore the many patterns of interactions between economic and non-economic factors in sub-Saharan Africa (hereafter referred to as Africa) in order to map out a typology of different types of country situations and thus, corresponding future options to develop strategies to end hunger and poverty in the region. The study builds on the earlier work of Irma Adelman and Cynthia Morris who argued that economic development is a dynamic, multi-faceted, nonlinear, and malleable process, a process explained by the many complex interactions between social, economic, political and institutional changes. As in Adelman and Morris, we use factor analysis to reduce a large number of variables into a manageable set of key...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60175

Higher Food Prices Can Take a Bite Out of SNAP Benefits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanson,   Kenneth; Andrews,   Margaret S.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124065

LE PROGRAMME COMMUNAUTAIRE DE GARDERIE AU GUATEMALA: UN CIBLAGE EFFICACE DE L'AIDE ALIMENTAIRE DANS LES REGIONS URBAINES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16517

Proposition de méthodologie pour l’élaboration des plans de sécurité alimentaire de trois cercles test
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.
Presidence De La Republique; Republique Du Mali Un Peuple Un But Une Foi; Commissariat A La Securite Alimentaire; Comite Technique De Coordination Des Politiques De Securite Alimentaire; Secretariat Technique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55589

The Persistence of Poverty in Rural China: Applying an Ordered Probit and a Hazard Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glauben,   Thomas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Wang,   Xiaobing.
The present study investigates the analysis of poverty persistence of Chinese farm households in the well-off Zhejiang province in the southeast. We firstly apply an ordered probit model examining household, farm, and regional characteristics affecting the probability that households are chronically poor. In addition, we apply a hazard approach to identify the risk of falling into and climbing out of poverty. Results indicate that there are increasing chances to climb out of poverty over time, and that the risk of falling into poverty seems to decrease after the household spent some time outside poverty.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty persistence; China; Rural population; Hazard analysis; Dynamics; Food Security and Poverty; C23; D1; I32; R29.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25249

Does Agriculture Help Poverty and Inequality Reduction? Evidence from Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Viet Cuong,   Nguyen.
This paper measures impacts of production of crops, forestry, livestock and aquaculture on household welfare, poverty and inequality in rural Vietnam using fixed-effects regressions. Data used in this paper are from Vietnam Household Living Standard Surveys 2002 and 2004. It is found that impact estimates of the production of crops and forestry on per capita income and consumption expenditure are not statistically significant. Impact estimates of the livestock production are positive and statistically significant for per capita income, but not statistically significant for per capita expenditure. However, the aquacultural production has positive and statistically significant impacts on both income and expenditure. As a result, the aquacultural production...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Farm households; Welfare; Poverty; Inequality; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; I32; Q12; O13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118576

Food security in Uganda: a dilemma to achieving the millennium development goal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ssewanyana,   Sarah N.; Kasirye,   Ibrahim.
The status of food security in Uganda is worrying. The share of Ugandans suffering from food insecurity measured in terms of caloric intake is alarmingly high with low rates of income poverty. Based on the 2005/06 Uganda National Household Survey data, the study provides insights into access to food at household level. More importantly, the study shows that average caloric intake stood at 1,970 calories per person per day, which is below the minimum caloric requirement of 2,200 calories. As such, a population of 17.5 million Ugandans in 3.1 million households were unable to meet the minimum caloric requirement in 2006. This raises questions on whether Uganda will be able to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 1: halving extreme poverty and hunger...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Caloric intake; Famine; Ssewanyana; Food prices; EPRC; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113614

ARE THE TOTAL DAILY COST OF FOOD AND DIET QUALITY RELATED: A RANDOM EFFECTS PANEL DATA ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carlson,   Andrea; Dong,   Diansheng; Lino,   Mark.
There is a common perception that healthy food costs more than less healthy food. In this study we use a demand model for diet quality, rather than the quantity of food. Since in our data, total daily cost and diet quality are both calculated from the foods chosen, we account for the fact that cost is endogenous. We find that while total daily food cost is statistically significant in relation to diet quality, the degree of association is very small. Hence, it does not appear that cost alone prevents individuals in the United States from purchasing a healthy diet. Other factors such as food culture and environment, health behaviours, and demographics are more important. Our findings suggest that the choice to consume a healthy diet is very complicated.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Diet cost; Cost of food; Food culture; Diet quality; HEI-2005; Random effects model; Demand model; NHANES; MPED; CNPP Food Prices Database; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; C3.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116395

A gyermekkori elhízás és az élelmiszercímke összefüggéseinek marketing szempontú vizsgálata
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szucs,   Robert Sandor.
Afiatalkorúak célcsoportja a piac leginkább befolyásolható szegmensét jelenti. Kutatásaink szerint a fiatalok fele nem fordít különösebb figyelmet az egészséges táplálkozásra, s a fiataloknak csupán egyharmada érti az élelmiszercímke jelöléseit. Súlyosbítja a helyzetet, hogy magas zsír-, só-, cukortartalmú élelmiszereket (például gyorséttermi láncok termékei, kóla, chips) népszerűsítenek. Ahazai élelmiszercímke-szabályozásban mindenképpen célszerű figyelembe venni más országok gyakorlatát, különös tekintettel az Egyesült Államok élelmiszercímkéire, valamint a Magyar Nemzeti Szívalapítvány elképzeléseire. Az elmaradás eredménye a 20%-ban túlsúlyos, egészségügyi problémákkal küzdő fiatal nemzedék!...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Élelmiszercímke; Gyermek- és fiatalkori elhízás; Magas zsír-; Só-; Cukortartalmú élelmiszer; Fogyasztóvédelem; Food label; Child and youth obesity; Foods with high fat; Salt and sugar content; Consumer protection; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99197

Managing Client Information: Feedback Loop Lessons From Latin America
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cohen,   Monique; Wright,   Katie.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23744

World water demand and supply, 1990 to 2025: scenarios and issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seckler,   David; Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Molden,   David J.; de Silva,   Radhika; Barker,   Randolph.
Presents two alternative scenarios of water demand and supply for 118 countries over the 1990 to 2025 period and develops indicators of water scarcity for each country and for the world as a whole. This study is the first step in IWMI's long-term research goal: to determine the extent and depth of water scarcity, its consequences for individual countries and what can be done about it.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Water balance; River basins; Basin irrigation; Water use efficiency; Water supply; Water requirements; Domestic water; Water scarcity; Water demand; Water shortage; Irrigated farming; Productivity; Food security; Recycling; Rice; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61108

Farmers’ Perceptions and Willingness to Pay for Metarhizium-based Biopesticide to Control Cotton Bollworms in Benin (West Africa)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adetonah,   Sounkoura; Coulibaly,   Ousmane; Nouhoheflin,   Theodore; Kooyman,   C.; Kpindou,   D.
The study assesses farmers’ perceptions and willingness to pay for a biopesticide developed from Metarhizium anisopliae a fungi. A sample of 400 conventional and organic cotton producers was randomly selected in cotton producing zones in Benin and interviewed for their perceptions on the efficacy of the biopesticide and the likely prices they are willing to pay for the product to control a major pest like Helicoverpa armigera or cotton bollworm causing substantial crop losses. An econometric model (Logit) is used to identify factors highly likely to affect farmer’s willingness to purchase the product. The results show that Helicoverpa armigera or cotton bollworm is perceived by farmers as the most severe pest with losses reaching up to 100%. Farmers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biopesticides; Cotton bollworms; Farmers survey; Benin; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52128

Institutional factors affecting irrigation performance in Pakistan: research and policy priorities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa; Firdousi,   G.R.
The strong irrigation tradition has sustained the broad based community interest in irrigation. The result is a very complex institutional milieu in which a set of formally established irrigation rules and organizations exists side by side with an intricate set of social institutions. The two sets act like a dual system often in conflict with each other. The authors, while analyzing the present institutional barriers, have highlighted the importance of irrigation rules and procedures in the institutional framework.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Performance evaluation; Institutions; Poverty; Legislation; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113726

The Maputo Market Study: Research Methods
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Research methods; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55997

Poverty and Agricultural Growth: Chile in the 1990s
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.; Anriquez,   Gustavo.
This paper analyzes the roles of agriculture in reducing poverty. Following the methodology proposed by Lopez (2002), three channels by which agricultural growth reduces poverty are tested: (i) its effects on the real wage of unskilled workers (and/or its possible effect in reducing their unemployment); (ii) the direct impact of agricultural growth on the income of poor farmers; and, (iii) the effect on real food prices. The paper concludes that the pro-poor role of agricultural expansion is dramatic. Agricultural growth tends to improve all measures of poverty significantly with head count falling around 7.3% as a consequence of a 4.5% increase in agricultural output. An important result is that while the economy-wide effects taking place via food prices...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Chile; Poverty; Rural development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12013

THE ROLE OF PRODUCTION METHODS IN FRUIT PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR: HYPOTHETICAL VS ACTUAL CONSUMERS’ PREFERENCES AND STATED MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moser,   Riccarda; Raffaelli,   Roberta; Notaro,   Sandra.
In recent years, concerns for potential risks on human health related to the overuse of chemical pesticides have encouraged research of alternatives production methods as integrated pest management (IPM) and organic agriculture. Consumer preferences for these practices or for new product characteristics often have been evaluated using stated preference techniques such as Choice Experiment (CE). Nevertheless, it has been found that in these surveys respondents generally report higher hypothetical than real willingness to pay, providing the existence of the so-called “hypothetical bias”. While the presence of this bias has been widely reported in Contingent Valuation, its investigation in CE is still at the beginning. Moreover, in most of the cases, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fruit purchasing behaviour; Production methods; Mitigation practices; Hypothetical bias; Real choice experiment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C35; Q18; D12; C93.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116426

Gaps and Opportunities for Agricultural Sector Development in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bias,   Calisto; Donovan,   Cynthia.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Agricultural development; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56058

DECOMPOSIÇÃO DOS FATORES DE CRESCIMENTO PRÓ-POBRE: EVIDÊNCIAS PARA A ZONA RURAL BRASILEIRA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Freitas,   George Alberto de; Carvalho,   Rosemeiry Melo; Campos,   Roberio Telmo.
O crescimento econômico de longo prazo é condição sine qua non para uma população garantir seu bem-estar e o de suas gerações futuras. Porém, muitas vezes o fluxo de renda em uma economia específica é insuficiente para proporcionar uma vida digna de modo que todos estejam inclusos na sociedade do consumo. Outras vezes há renda suficiente, mas nem toda sociedade se beneficia dos frutos gerados por esta. Este trabalho busca diagnosticar os fatores de crescimento através da decomposição dos índices de pobreza, identificando os fatores que influenciaram o crescimento econômico e a desigualdade de renda no Brasil entre 1995 e 2005. O modelo utilizado permite identificar se o crescimento econômico foi pró-pobre ou não. A análise foi realizada em âmbito nacional,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pobreza rural; Crescimento pró-pobre; Brasil; Rural poverty; Pro-poor growth; Brazil; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108844

LOW-INCOME CALIFORNIA FOOD-SHOPPING HABITS: A STUDY BASED ON HISPANIC WIC PARTICIPANTS SURVEYS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gradziel,   Patricia; Matthews,   James R.; Punia,   Mandeep.
A shopping-habits survey was completed at selected California WIC clinic sites.  Although the survey was given to WIC program participants from all racial or ethnic groups, tests revealed that a representative sample was obtained only from members of the Hispanic population, who make up the largest ethnic group served by the California WIC Program.  Consequently, the study presented herein is restricted to the shopping habits of Hispanic California WIC Program participants.  This study identified the specific brand preferences of the WIC population for the cereals and juices offered by the California WIC Program and to find out if families with two or more people on WIC would be able to handle buying larger quantities of the same food in one shopping trip,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27951

Communicating Ethical Arguments to Organic Consumers: A Study Across Five European Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Naspetti,   Simona; Zanoli,   Raffaele.
Additional ethical claims were tested with mock organic egg labels in five EU countries. The attitudes towards the advertising labels were assessed by multiple copy testing measures. A total of 156 individual responses were analysed. The study confirms the difficulty of conducting advertising research in a multicultural framework, and shows that additional local/ regional claims can reinforce the appeal of organic products.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Cross-cultural advertising; Ethical values; Consumer attitudes; Organic food; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121946

SMALLHOLDER AFRICAN AGRICULTURE:   PROGRESS AND PROBLEMS IN  CONFRONTING HUNGER AND POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Resnick,   Danielle.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60178

Identifying the Drivers of Sustainable Rural Growth and Poverty Reduction in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jansen,   Hans G.P.; Siegel,   Paul B.; Pichon,   Francisco.
Published as Drivers of sustainable rural growth and poverty reduction in Central America: Honduras case study. Vols. 1 and 2. Gray Cover Report No. 3193-HN Washington, DC: The World Bank. Published as Jansen, Hans G.P.; Siegel, Paul; Pichon, Francisco. 2006. Understanding the drivers of sustainable rural growth and poverty reduction in Honduras. World Bank en breve No. 87 Pp. 1-4.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58378

IMPACTS OF THE NORTHEAST INTERSTATE DAIRY COMPACT ON THE WIC PROGRAM: EVIDENCE FROM BOSTON AND HARTFORD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Qingbin; Anne,   Zooyob; Halbrendt,   Catherine K.; Nicholson,   Charles F.; Sung,   Jaimie.
This paper examines the impacts of the Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact (Compact) on the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program using an autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) model and data from Boston and Hartford.  While the results for Boston indicate that the difference between the net fluid milk price paid by WIC program and the forecasted fluid milk price with no Compact in effect was not significant over the period of July 1997 to June 1998, the results for Hartford suggest that the net price paid by WIC was significantly greater than the forecasted price with no Compact in effect over the same period.  A similar analysis of the changes in markups suggests that the increase in the net fluid milk price paid by the WIC program in Hartford was...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31608

Education and Knowledge Transfer: A Priority for the Future
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akintunde,   Ogundeji Abiodun.
This is an Executive Interview with Lucas Vokurda, Research Coordinator School of Agriculture and Technology, INHOLLAND University, Netherlands
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Research; Capacity building; Knowledge transfer; Chain management; Food Security and Poverty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44904

Prevalence and drivers of seed and pollen-mediated geneflow in sorghum: implications for biosafety regulations and policy in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mgonja,   Mary A.; Okello,   Julius Juma; Mwangi,   Stephen G.; Manyasa,   Eric; Ouma,   James Okuro; Godiah,   Lawrence; Alumira,   Jane; Kibuka,   J.
This paper uses a random sample of 881 farmers drawn from eastern and western Kenya to examine the prevalence and drivers of seed and pollen mediated geneflow in the two major sorghum growing regions. It employs both qualitative and quantitative techniques to assess farmers’ awareness of wild sorghum varieties, the practices they use in maintaining varietal purity and the conditioners of their success in maintaining the purity of cultivated varieties. The study finds that, among others, cultural differences, agro-climate and poverty affect the awareness, practices used in maintaining varietal purity and farmers’ success in doing so. These findings have implication for biosafety and policy in Kenya due to the clamour to introduce genetically modified...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cultivated sorghum; Prevalence of wild sorghum varieties; Geneflow; Varietal purity; Biosafety; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51901

ROAD DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Chan-Kang,   Connie.
Since 1978, China has adopted a series of economic reforms leading to rapid economic growth and poverty reduction. National Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew at about 9 percent per annum from 1978 to 2002, while per capita income increased by 8 percent per annum. The post-reform period was also characterized by an unprecedented decline in poverty. However, income inequality has worsened between coastal and interior provinces as well as between rural and urban areas. A number of factors contributed to this widening disparity in regional development in China, including differences in natural resources endowments, and infrastructure and human capital development. When the policy reforms began in 1978, China was poorly endowed with transportation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60182

Local and Regional Food Aid Procurement: An Assessment of Experience in Africa and Elements of Good Donor Practice.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; del Castillo,   Anne Marie.
This report discusses the potential for procurement of food aid in local/regional markets to improve the effectiveness of response to food emergency victims. The paper examines the relevance of local/regional procurement (LRP) to donors and the rationale for using it, reviews LRP’s efficiency relative to in-kind food aid and to local prices in the markets in which it occurs (focusing on Africa), proposes a classification of risks involved in LRP, discusses a range of potential LRP modalities, and closes by proposing a framework of guiding principles, information systems, and operational procedures for responsible and effective LRP.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Food policy; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54562

HOUSEHOLD MODELING FOR THE DESIGN OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Insufficient access to assets is the main determinant of poverty.  We analyze the role of access to assets in explaining household labor allocation strategies, sources of income, levels of income achieved, and poverty headcount ratios among classes of Mexican rural households.  To assess the gains from asset redistribution, we both measure the direct income effects from redistribution and simulate the general equilibrium effects of redistribution in a computable non-separable household model.  Results show that land redistribution allows to achieve both equity and efficiency gains. However, there are economies of scale in self-employment in microenterprise, human capital assets for labor market participation, and social capital for international migration,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25121

What makes exit from poverty: Investigation of smallholder women livestock farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen; Farrington,   John.
Shaheen Akter and John Farrington..."What makes exit from poverty ....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Women and livestock; Livelihood Strategies; Asset-base Framework; Bangladesh; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; O1; O3; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51165

O Impacto Económico de Variedades de Mandioca Tolerantes à Doença da Podridão Radicular sobre a Segurança Alimentar no Litoral de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McSween,   S.; Walker,   Thomas S.; Salegua,   Venancio Alexandre; Pitoro,   Raul.
Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique Directorate of Training, Documentation, and Technology Transfer
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Coastal Mozambique; Cassava brown streak disease; Nikwaha; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55862

FOOD, WATER AND SECURITY: WHAT ARE THE CONNECTIONS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dupont,   Alan.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123867

DEMAND FOR BREAKFAST CEREALS: WHOLE GRAINS GUIDANCE AND FOOD CHOICE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ishdorj,   Ariun; Jensen,   Helen H.
When using household-level data to examine consumer demand it is common to find that consumers purchase only a subset of the available goods, setting the demand for the remaining goods to zero. Ignoring such censoring of the dependent variables can lead to estimators with poor statistical properties and estimates that lead to poor policy decisions. In this paper we investigate household demand for four types of breakfast cereals, such as whole grain ready-to-eat, non-whole grain ready-to-eat, whole grain hot and non-whole grain hot cereals, using a censored Al- most Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and estimate the parameters of the model via Bayesian methods. Using household level scanner data (ACNielsen Homescan) we find that demand for all types of breakfast...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: AIDS model; Bayesian econometrics; Censored; Cereals; Whole grains; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C11; C34; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116445

Reconsiderando la metodología FAO sobre el cálculo del número de personas que pasan hambre en el mundo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morales-Opazo,   Cristian; Barreiro-Hurlé,   Jesús.
FAO measure of undernourishment is calculated based on three main parameters: dietary energy supply (DES), minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER), and the coefficient of variation of dietary energy consumption (CV). In the current implementation of this methodology, the DES and the MDER change over time, as would be expected. The CV, however, remains constant. However, we expect the CV to change over time and be a function of income and prices. This paper discusses why the CV should change in response to changes in these variables, and suggests a practical way to estimate changes in the CV over time in the absence of survey data.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Prices; Consumption; Undernourishment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; E21; O11; O19.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120198

Impacts of Selected Title I Provisions of the Senate Committee Farm Bill
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Westhoff,   Patrick C.
This report examines selected provisions of Title I of the “Food and Energy Security Act of 2007,” as approved by the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37851

Use of household food insecurity scales for assessing poverty in Bangladesh and Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Zeller,   Manfred.
An important dimension of poverty is access to food. Household food security implies access to the food needed for a healthy and productive life. Lack of access to and/or impaired utilization of food contribute to household food insecurity. This study compares the usefulness of a standardized food insecurity scale for determining the food insecurity status of rural and urban households in Bangladesh and Uganda, and for predicting poverty status. The analysis uses data from the IRIS Composite Survey Household Questionnaire (2004), which consists of 1,587 households (approximately 800 households in each country). The coping mechanisms adopted in the presence of food shortages represent the building blocks for the development of the scale (7 items). In order...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity scale; Poverty; Bangladesh; Uganda; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; I32; O11; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57164

Population and Sustainability: Understanding Population, Environment, and Development Linkages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clay,   Daniel C.; Reardon,   Thomas.
The triple challenge of rapid population growth, declining agricultural productivity, and natural resource degradation are not isolated from one another; they are intimately related. However, strategic planning and development programming tend to focus on individual sectors such as the environment, agriculture, and population; they do not explicitly take into account the compatibilities and inconsistencies among them. Farm households and their livelihood strategies are at the core of the intersectoral linkages approach advocated in this chapter. Three key aspects of the population-environment-development debate are discussed: first, the finding that inconsistencies between public and individual household behavior regarding childbearing and family planning...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Rwanda; Population; Sustainability; Environment; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q56.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57055

DIETARY DIVERSITY AS A FOOD SECURITY INDICATOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoddinott,   John; Yohannes,   Yisehac.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15972

THE INFLUENCE OF ATTRIBUTE CUTOFFS ON CONSUMERS’ CHOICES OF A FUNCTIONAL FOOD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ding,   Yulian; Veeman,   Michele M.; Adamowicz,   Wiktor L.
This study investigates evidence of non-compensatory preferences by incorporating attribute cutoffs into the modeling of consumer choices in the context of food with health-related attributes (omega-3 content) that may be associated with fortification or may result from genetic modification (GM). Data for this study were collected through a nation-wide internet-based survey drawn from a representative panel of Canadian households maintained by a major North American marketing firm. In addition to querying respondents on their perceptions and attitudes regarding food and health, choices of canola oils are elicited using a stated choice experiment in which product alternatives are identified based on attributes of price, country of origin, omega-3 content...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Decision strategy; Attribute cutoff; Functional food; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C25; C93; D1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116423

The Participatory Market Chain Approach: Stimulating pro-poor market-chain innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bernet,   Thomas; Devaux,   Andre; Thiele,   Graham; Lopez,   Gaston; Velasco,   Claudio; Manrique,   Kurt; Ordinola,   Miguel.
Innovation in the food and agriculture sector is frequently short-circuited by a lack of trust and communication between actors in the market chain. To overcome these problems and stimulate innovation, the Participatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA) brings together small farmers, market agents, and service providers for an intense process of facilitated interaction. The PMCA uses a flexible three-stage participatory process to improve communication, build trust, and facilitate collaboration among participants so that they can jointly identify, analyze, and exploit new market opportunities. The PMCA focuses on innovation in products, technologies, and ways of working together. By carefully selecting market chains and partners, and building in social...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Market; Chain; Approach; Participatory; PMCA; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52532

Oportunidades de Desenvolvimento do Sector Familiar de Cajú e sua Relação com a Segurança Alimentar na Província de Nampula, Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mole,   Paulo Nicua.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Cashew; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56044

The Structure and Behavior of Vegetable Markets Serving Lusaka: Main Report.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe.
Rapid growth in urban populations and renewed growth in per capita incomes in  Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are creating major opportunities for local farmers by driving rapid growth in domestic market demand for food. At the same time, these trends plus rising income are putting enormous stress on the supply chains that these farmers rely on to respond to this increasing demand: demand for marketed food is likely to grow more than 5% per year on the continent, doubling marketed volumes in 12-14 years. Currently, fresh produce marketing systems are the biggest users of public marketing infrastructure, and have been most severely affected by the lack of investment in these systems across much of the continent. This lack of investment has led to an exploding...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Produce; Vegetable markets; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93006

Rolle der agrarökonomischen Forschung für Armutsbekämpfung in Entwicklungsländern
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brümmer,   Bernhard; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan; Qaim,   Matin.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97698

The Theory and Practice of Performance Indicators for Sustainable Food Security: A Checklist Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Runge,   C. Ford; Gonzalez-Valero,   Juan.
This article proposes a set of sustainability indicators based on a combination of economic, social and health data that meet three tests:  the indicators are simple, measurable and capable of being extended to workers in the field.  They result from a scoring model which ranks the progress of agricultural projects in three key areas:  (1) sustaining improvements in agricultural productivity while minimizing negative impacts on soil and water quantity and quality or biodiversity; (2) sustaining expected farm-level profits while minimizing worker health and safety risks; and (3) sustaining improvements in rural economic and social conditions while distributing these benefits widely.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117537

Etude sur la transmission des fluctuations et le calcul des prix de parité à l’importation: cas pratique du riz et du maïs au Sénégal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ndiaye,   Mouhamadou; Niang,   Moussa.
Calculation of maize and rice parity prices in Senegal.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Senegal; Markets; Parity prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62166

Global Food Security: Implications for Australia - Record of a seminar conducted by the Crawford Fund for International Agricultural Research, Parliament House, Canberra, 28 May 1996
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117730

Tourism, Economic Expansion and Poverty in Nicaragua: Investigating Cointegration and Causal Relations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vanegas,   Manuel, Sr.; Croes,   Robertico.
Replaced with revised version of paper 09/10/07.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7306

LINKING LAND QUALITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiebe,   Keith D.
Land quality and land degradation affect agricultural productivity, but quantifying these relationships has been difficult. Data are limited, and impacts are sensitive to the choices that farmers make. Summarizing new research by economists, soil scientists, and geographers, this report explores the extent to which land quality and land degradation affect agricultural productivity, how farmers' responses to land degradation are influenced by economic, environmental, and institutional factors, and whether land degradation poses a threat to productivity growth and food security. Results suggest that land degradation does not threaten food security at the global scale, but does pose problems in areas where soils are fragile, property rights are insecure, and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Land quality; Land degradation; Soil erosion; Agricultural productivity; Food security; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34073

Evaluation, Learning and Change in Research and Development Organizations: Concepts, Experiences, and Implications for the CGIAR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Horton,   Douglas; Galleno,   Viviana; Mackay,   Ronald.
2nd edition
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Learning; Evaluation; Change; ISNAR; Research; CGIAR; Development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52540

Estimating Cost of Conflict and Increasing Food Security In Southern Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gupta,   Rajorshi Sen; Kibriya,   Shahriar R.; Price,   Edwin.
In order to meet humanitarian assistance programs, donor organizations like WFP need to procure food either locally or import it. Internal conflict may pose significant barriers to local and regional procurement programs like P4P. We develop a methodology to estimate the cost of conflict using a microeconomic setting. We examine the use of forward contracts to procure locally and derive a) what price should be paid to the suppliers, b) how should contracts be designed so that agents relinquish conflict and sign P4P contracts.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104003

Food Aid Targeting in Ethiopia: A Study of Household Food Insecurity and Food Aid Distributions
Provedor de dados: 31
Grain Marketing Research Project, Ministry of Economic Development and Cooperation, Addis Ababa
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54958

Food for the Future: Opportunities for a Crowded Planet
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Tim.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123924

COMMENTS ON IMPROVING FOOD ACCESS TO POOR AND VULNERABLE GROUPS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11653

Faire Face à la Crise Alimentaire de l'Afrique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eicher,   Carl K.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads October 2008 - June 2009: 9; Q18.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54763

The Public and Private Sectors–Partners To End Hunger in America (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: O'Brien,   Douglas.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62069

REDUCING POVERTY AND PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT: THE OVERLOOKED POTENTIAL OF LESS-FAVORED LANDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Garrett,   James L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16377

Mitigation options and policies in agricultural sector: a theoretical model and application
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ervola,   Asta; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Agriculture’s impact on climate change is unambiguous although its role is multifaceted as it is a source of greenhouse gases but also a sink. It’s feasibility to mitigate climate change has raised interest, but thorough studies about the net benefits of the mitigation practices are needed. The aim of this paper is to analyse the social net benefits of barley cultivation on three different soil types in Finland (clay, silt and organic) by using an integrated economic and ecological model. We ask whether it would be privately or socially profitable to allocate some of barley cultivation permanently for alternative land uses or cultivation systems, when production costs, GHG emissions and surface water quality impacts are taken into account. We compare the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109320

Smallholder Agriculture, Wage Labour, and Rural Poverty Alleviation in Mozambique: What Does the Evidence Tell Us?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Benfica,   Rui M.S.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Smallholder agriculture; Commercial agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56041

Explaining Poverty in Uganda: Evidence from the Uganda National Household Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kraybill,   David S.; Bashaasha,   Bernard.
The broad aim of the research was to establish a tool for identifying cost effective poverty alleviation strategies in Uganda.  The objectives were to test hypotheses on causes of poverty in Uganda and to develop a poverty simulation model for policy analysis.  Data for 9,710 households from the 2002/2003 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) was used to estimate a semi-log econometric model. The model included 19 households’ level characteristics and 8 community level characteristics as explanatory variables.  The dependent variable was the natural logarithm of household consumption per adult equivalent.  The model was estimated at both national and regional (5 regions) by weighted least squares with robust variance.  The results identified 8...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9537

Le mali, l'université de l'état de Michigan (MSU) et l'USAID : 14 ans de partenariat pour la sécurité alimentaire
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Dione,   Josue; Staatz,   John M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 9.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11306

Sustainability in the Food Sector: A Consumer Behaviour Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grunert,   Klaus G.
Consumers have, through their food choices, a major role in bringing about more sustainable food production. However, this presupposes that differences in sustainability are communicated to consumers. Even if food products are eco-labelled and consumers are motivated to support sustainability, a number of potential barriers may prevent consumers from using the information to make sustainable choices. Six such barriers are discussed in this paper.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Consumer behaviour; Hierarchy of effects; Eco-labels; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121943

SIX BILLION AND COUNTING: POPULATION GROWTH AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leisinger,   Klaus M.; Schmitt,   Karin; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16589

USING LINKED HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL DATASETS TO EXPLAIN CONSUMER RESPONSE TO BSE IN CANADA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Xin; Maynard,   Leigh J.; Butler,   J.S.
Household-level Canadian meat purchases from 2002-2008 and the Food Opinion Survey conducted in 2008 were used to explore consumer responses to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) at the national level in Canada. Three measures of beef purchased were used to understand consumers‟ reaction under food risk. A random effects Logit model was applied to test whether any beef was purchased during a given month. Consumption in terms of unit purchases was measured with a random effects Negative Binomial model and consumption in terms of beef expenditure was measured with a standard random effects model. In this study, household heterogeneity in actual meat purchases was partially explained using data from a self-reported food opinions survey. Of special...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: BSE; Food safety; Food opinion survey; Consumer behavior; Canada; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116404

TARGETING OUTCOMES REDUX
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.; Grosh,   Margaret; Hoddinott,   John.
This paper addresses the contested issue of the efficacy of targeting interventions in developing countries using a newly constructed comprehensive database of 111 targeted antipoverty interventions in 47 countries. While the median program transfers 25 percent more to the target group than would be the case with a universal allocation, more than a quarter of targeted programs are regressive. Countries with higher income or governance measures, and countries with better measures for voice do better at directing benefits toward poorer members of the population. Interventions that use means testing, geographic targeting, and self-selection based on a work requirement are all associated with an increased share of benefits going to the bottom two quintiles....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16434

Food Security and Nutrition Implications of Intrahousehold Bias: A Review of Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Pena,   Christine; Nishida,   Chizuru; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Slack,   Alison.
The success of development policy depends on the ability to successfully anticipate the response of individuals to changing incentives. Often, however, actual responses differ from anticipated responses. One important reason for this divergence is a poor understanding of how rights, responsibilities, and resources are allocated within institutions such as the household. The insights derived from intrahousehold research between the late 1970s and the mid-1980s on the determinants of food and nutritional status served as an important catalyst for the general development of the intrahousehold approach to development policy analysis. Despite serving as a building block for the wider study of intrahousehold resource allocation, there has not been an in-depth...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42682

Mudanças nos Padrões dos Rendimentos de Agregados Familiares Rurais em Moçambique de 1996 a 2002 e suas Implicações para a Contribuição da Agricultura para a Redução da Pobreza
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Mather,   David; Tschirley,   David L.; Walker,   Thomas S.; Cunguara,   Benedito; Payongayong,   Ellen M.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56067

Transmission des fluctuations et calcul des prix de parité à l’importation du riz et du maïs au Burkina.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pale,   Eric.
During the first quarter of 2008, the nominal prices of major food items have reached their highest level in nearly 50 years, while prices reached their actual level record in nearly 30 years. Indeed, prices of agricultural products rose sharply in 2006 and 2007 reported an increase more marked in the first quarter of 2008. The FAO food price index rose an average of 8% in 2006 compared to the year earlier and 24% in 2007 compared to 2006. The increase in the average index for first three months of 2008 compared to first quarter 2007 was 53%. Soaring persistent price is mainly due to vegetable oils, which rose to more than 97% during the same period, followed by cereals (87%), dairy (58%) and rice (46%). According to the latest report published by the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Burkina Faso; Maize; Rice; Parity Price; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93026

Willingness to Pay for Traceable Meat Attributes: A Meta-analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cicia,   Gianni; Colantuoni,   Francesca.
Several researches evaluated consumers’ Willingness To Pay (WTP) for each meat traceable attribute, generating a great deal of information in this regard, although specific to the conditions of each study. In light of this, WTP estimates for traceability characteristics differ across the literature, leading sometimes to contrasting interpretations. Seeking a full, meaningful statistical description of the findings of a collection of studies, the meta-analysis allows us to analyze consistency across studies and control for factors thought to drive variations in WTP estimates. The meta-analysis has been conducted using 23 studies that, in aggregate, report 88 valuations for WTP. Our results, aside from releasing unconditional information on the WTP for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Meta-analysis; Food traceability; Willingness to Pay; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97028

EXPLAINING CHILD MALNUTRITION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
This paper draws on the experience of the 1970-95 period to (1) elucidate some of the main causes of child malnutrition in developing countries; (2) undertake projections of how many children are likely to be malnourished in the year 2020 given current trends; and (3) identify priority actions for reducing malnutrition the most quickly in the coming decades. The analysis is based on country fixed-effects multivariate regression using data from 63 countries. The paper finds four "underlying" determinants to be key factors: health environments, women's education, women's relative status, and per capita food availability. Two "basic" determinants are also found to be important: per capita national incomes and democracy. Due to data scarcities, the role of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94515

Impact Assessment as Shared Learning
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   Paul N.
Increased attention directed towards evidence-based aid clearly dominates evaluation discussions within the development community. All development agencies, but particularly non-governmental organizations (NGO), struggle with the requirements for rigorous impact assessments of their project/program interventions. Given the serious operational obstacles confronting impact assessments, any successful integration of impact assessments into ongoing and new NGO programs can gain from the adoption of a shared learning model centered on organizational leadership, people, technology and knowledge. Integrated impact assessment, as shared learning, requires a cultural change within the NGO initiated and maintained by the organization’s leadership.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact assessment; Learning organization; Evaluation; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50739

POLÍTICAS DE SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA RECIENTES EN AMÉRICA LATINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Almeida Filho,   Niemeyer; Ortega,   Jorge.
Este artículo hace un análisis sobre la evolución reciente que han tenido las políticas de seguridad alimentaría en América Latina. Así mismo, pretende mostrar la naturaleza de estas políticas y aportar nuevos elementos para discutir sus limitaciones y potencialidades. El orden de los secciones corresponde a distintos niveles de determinación que operan en las políticas de seguridad alimentaría. En la primera sección se discutirá el tema de las jerarquías la acción del Estado y de las políticas sociales. Se abordará el proceso de regulación social y el rol del Estado, pudiéndose evaluar los límites políticos a las acciones sociales En la segunda sección, se profundizará en la política de seguridad alimentaría como tal. Para esto se mostrará tanto su...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Seguridad alimentaría; Políticas sociales; América Latina; Social policies; Latina America; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106111

Sustainability in irrigated agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Svendsen,   Mark.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Agriculture; Irrigation efficiency; Sustainability; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52782

Australia Recognises the Needs and the Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gallus,   Chris.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123925

Assuring Food and Nutrition Security in the Time of AIDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Stuart; Kisamba-Mugerwa,   Wilberforce; Loevinsohn,   Michael.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45775

Targeting the poor and smallholder farmers: empirical evidence from Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houssou,   Nazaire; Zeller,   Manfred.
This paper develops low cost, reasonably accurate, and simple models for improving the targeting efficiency of development policies in Malawi. Using a stepwise logistic regression (weighted) along with other techniques applied in credit scoring, the research identifies a set of easily observable and verifiable indicators for correctly predicting whether a household is poor or not, based on the 2004-05 Malawi Integrated Household Survey data. The predictive power of the models is assessed using out-of-sample validation tests and receiver operating characteristic curves, whereas the model’s robustness is evaluated by bootstrap simulation methods. Finally, sensitivity analyses are performed using the international and extreme poverty lines. The models...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Poverty targeting; Proxy means tests; Out-of-sample tests; Bootstrap; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I32; C15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57988

FOOD AID TARGETING, SHOCKS AND PRIVATE TRANSFERS AMONG EAST AFRICAN PASTORALISTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lentz,   Erin C.; Barrett,   Christopher B.
Public transfers of food aid are intended largely to support vulnerable populations in times of stress. We use high frequency panel data among Ethiopian and Kenyan pastoralists to test the efficacy of food aid targeting under three different targeting modalities, food aid's responsiveness to different types of shocks, and its relationship to private transfers. We find that self-targeting food-for-work or indicator-targeted free food distribution more effectively reach the poor than does food aid distributed according to community-based targeting.  Food aid flows do not respond significantly to either covariate, community-level income or asset shocks, nor to idiosyncratic, household-level income or asset shocks.  Rather, food aid flows appear to respond...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20247

IFPRI's first 10 years
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farrar,   Curtis.
Curtis Farrar surveys the initial ten years of IFPRI, beginning with the genesis of the new institute, the early years, its entry into the CGIAR System, its growth in the CGIAR. He looks at the findings and recommendations of IFPRI's First External Program Review and finally describes IFPRI in its tenth year. The author utilized, as source material, documents of the CGIAR, principally the verbatim and summary reports of CGIAR meetings, reports of TAC meetings, and files of supporting documents in each case, in the CGIAR Secretariat Library at the World Bank. In addition, he used the official files of IFPRI, including minutes and supporting documentation for meetings of the Board of Trustees and its committees, and records and documentation for external...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: International Food Policy Research Institute -- History; Research institutes; CGIAR Food policies; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42908

Abstracts:  Proceeding of National Seminar on "Integrated Rural Development and Management: Issues, Strategies and Policy Options"
Provedor de dados: 31
This document is a collection of 157 abstracts received during the National Seminar on "Integrated Rural Development and Management: Issues, Strategies and Policy Options" held at the IRDM Faculty Centre of Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University during 17-18 December, 2010
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainable Agriculture; Rural Health; Rural Education; Women and Child Education; Human Resource Development; Rural Development Administration; Corporate Social Responsibility; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98255

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF JOINT DECISIONS ON FOOD STAMP PROGRAM, TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES, AND LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Jensen,   Helen H.
This study examines the interaction between Food Stamp Program (FSP) and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program participation, provides a model of joint decisions made by households on FSP, TANF, and labor force participation, and explains why households choose different alternatives. We use the first Survey of Program Dynamics (SPD) longitudinal data and the 1998 SPD experimental data files. The modeling component consists of estimating equations to predict the probability of particular choices made by households. The households choose the alternative that gives the highest utility. The results show that the program parameters do matter. Variations across states in payment standards, benefit reduction rates, and income disregards help to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Labor force participation; Food Stamp Program; FSP; TANF; Temporary Assistance for Needy Families; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18638

Institutional Learning and Change in the CGIAR: Summary Record of the Workshop Held at IFPRI, Washington, DC, February 4-6, 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
This report summarizes the papers presented and the discussions that took place at the workshop on Institutional Learning and Change in the CGIAR held at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in Washington, D.C. from February 4–6, 2003. The workshop brought to together researchers, donors, and practitioners to develop a strategy for promoting a culture and set of practices conducive to institutional learning and change (ILAC) within the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) system.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CGIAR; ILAC; Institutional; Learning; Change; IFPRI; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52539

2020 GLOBAL FOOD OUTLOOK: TRENDS, ALTERNATIVES, AND CHOICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Paisner,   Michael S.; Meijer,   Siet; Witcover,   Julie.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15916

Integrating Small Scale Farmers into Bread Wheat Marketing Chain through Contract Farming in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Getaneh,   Wubalem; Bekabil,   Fufa.
The treatment effect censored regression model results of this study showed that educational level, value of agricultural equipment and number of oxen owned affected the participation decisions of the farmers in bread wheat contract farming significantly. The most important factors that determine gross margin obtained from bread wheat production were contract farming experience, the number of oxen owned and participation in contract farming. However, technical efficiency differences and management practices followed were not the reasons for differences in gross margin between the participant and non-participant farmers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contract farming participation; Gross margin and Treatment effect model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52101

Evaluating the efficiency of a N-input tax under different policy scenarios at different scales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petsakos,   Athanasios; Jayet,   Pierre-Alain.
Nitrate pollution from agriculture is an important environmental problem, caused by the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers. The internalization of this externality, via a tax on mineral nitrogen, could lead to a second best solution, reducing nitrate emissions. Several authors suggest that a reduction in agricultural support could produce similar results. In this paper we examine the effects of a nitrogen levy on nitrate pollution from agriculture in northern France under two different policy scenarios corresponding to (i) the Agenda 2000 and (ii) the Luxembourg reform of 2003, including the 2006 arrangement. The analysis aims at revealing what synergies or conflicts are created between a fertilizer levy and the policy scenarios, with respect to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop model; Mathematical programming; Nitrogen response curves; Nitrate pollution; Nitrogen tax; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109397

A Profile of the Free State Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia; Phaladi,   Sepitle Frans.
The Free State agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 4.2% of the Free State value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 2.3% of the population in the Free State is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is being...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size; And Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58053

THE DYNAMICS OF INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT IN RURAL CANADA: THE RISK OF POVERTY AND EXCLUSION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vera-Toscano,   Esperanza; Phimister,   Euan; Weersink,   Alfons.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28020

Environmental Conservation and Food Security in Developing Countries: Bridging the Disconnect
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ajayi,   Olu Clifford; Matakala,   Patrick.
In many developing countries, environmental issues are often sacrificed for immediate food production requirements because of perceived tradeoff between two.  Some production systems exist however that offers opportunities for achieving the two seemingly divergent objectives because they have the characteristics to produce joint outputs; food production and environmental conservation, but their adoption in farming communities is socially sub-optimal despite proven technological success.  Using natural resource economics framework, this study highlights the reasons for the low adoption of such technologies taking Agroforestry technologies as a case study and, uses externality theory to provide environmental economic logic for developing incentives to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Externalities; Agricultural Policy; Agricultural technology; Sustainability; Ecosystem services; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25636

AN ANALYSIS OF THE RETIREMENT-CONSUMPTION PUZZLE FOR FOOD-AT-HOME AND AWAY-FROM-HOME EXPENDITURES IN GERMANY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Drescher,   Larissa S.; Roosen,   Jutta.
According to Ando and Modigliani (1957), consumers pass different stages of a lifecycle with different impact on demand. The criticism that the life-cycle theory neglects generational effects and concentrates on ageing effects only has led to the application of the cohort analysis which decomposes not only age, but also period and cohort effects. Following these ideas, this paper presents results of a cohort analysis on food-at-home and away-from-home consumption covering 25 years of German consumption data. Special attention is given to the retirement-consumption puzzle which is the unanticipated drop in consumption after retirement. Results of seemingly unrelated regressions indicate that there are significant age, period and cohort effects of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cohort analysis; Retirement-consumption puzzle; Food-at-home expenditures; Food-away- from-home expenditures; Germany; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D91; E21; J10.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116441

Soaring food prices and food security in LIFDCs: The case of Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agostinucci,   Guido; Loseby,   Margaret.
The paper examines the effects of the phenomenon of soaring world food prices in a typical Low Income Food Deficit Country (LIFDC), Nepal. Steep rises in the prices of agricultural products are rare in Nepal and the outcomes of events on international markets have been exacerbated by a number of factors both of local and international origin, leading to a decline of the food security status of the most vulnerable households.  The paper begins with a brief account of the recent evolution of rising commodity prices on world markets, providing global statistics for major agricultural products. A detailed analysis of the internal causes that have led, at the same time, to substantial increases in food prices in the Nepalese domestic market  follows, and the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61605

Pathways out of poverty through secondary crops and private sector processing as well as institutional arrangements in Viet Nam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anh,   Dao The; Thinh,   Le Duc; Binh,   Vu Trong; Huan,   Dao Duc.
In Viet Nam, the diversification of CGPRT crops is the main thrust of poverty alleviation in remote and mountainous areas with new opportunities in the market. However, the sustainable development of these commodity chains is in question due to the lack of integrated policy for value chain development and assuring the participation of the poor in the value chains. Two case studies of cassava and maize commodity chains respectively in Yen Bai and Son La provinces suggest ways to encompass these challenges of diversification.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7357

Can't Get Ahead for Falling Behind: Development Policy, Poverty, and Relief Traps
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Carter,   Michael R.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93764

Comparing Food and Cash Transfers to the Ultra Poor in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Nasreen,   Mahbuba; Hoddinott,   John; Bryan,   Elizabeth.
Bangladesh has some social safety net programs that transfer food to the poor, some that transfer cash, and some that provide a combination of both. This study evaluates the relative impacts of food and cash transfers on food security and livelihood outcomes among the ultra poor in Bangladesh. The programs impacts are evaluated according to various measures, including how well transfers are delivered; which transfers beneficiaries prefer; how accurately the programs target the extremely poor; effects on food security, livelihoods, and women’s empowerment; and cost effectiveness. The report identifies what has and has not worked in food and cash transfers and recommends ways of improving these programs. This study will be valuable to policymakers and others...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Safety net programs; Food security; Women empowerment; Poverty reduction; Cash transfers; Cost effectiveness; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92803

POLICY REFORMS AND POVERTY IN THE MEXICAN EJIDO SECTOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   Benjamin; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; Diehl,   Todd.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16791

Household Food Security in Rural Areas of Nepal: Relationship between Socio-economic Characteristics and Food Security Status
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maharjan,   Keshav Lall; Khatri-Chhetri,   Arun.
One of the main development goals of Nepal is to reduce the number of chronically undernourished people all over the country by half by the year 2015. In consonance to this, this study examines food security and its relationship with socio-economic characteristics among rural households in the remote western mountains of Nepal. Accordingly, the relationship between household's resource endowment and food security status was analyzed based on the calorie requirement for all household members according to their sex and age. The food security measures applied in this paper are Head Count Method, Food Insecurity Gap, and Squared Food Insecurity Gap to capture successively more detailed aspects of the food insecurity status of the household. It was found that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Calorie; Socio-economic characteristics; Rural households; Nepal; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25624

GROWTH, INEQUALITY, AND POVERTY IN LATIN AMERICA: A CAUSAL ANALYSIS, 1970-94
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25097

Pathways out of poverty through maize and job's tear in Lao People's Democratic Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Douangsavanh,   Linkham; Bouahom,   Bounthong.
This working paper provides a more in-depth study focused on specific areas in Luang Prabang and Vientiane provinces as a continuation of the first phase study, which was a review of the history of production, marketing,consumption and policy related to secondary crops and non-secondary crops produced in Lao People's Democratic Republic. As maize and Job's tear are the most important secondary crops in Lao PDR, this study will focus on field investigations regarding the potentials and constraints in farming production, marketing and the processing industry of these crops.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32729

THE NUTRITIONAL TRANSITION AND DIET-RELATED CHRONIC DISEASES IN ASIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popkin,   Barry M.; Horton,   Susan; Kim,   Soowon.
The nutritional transition currently occurring in Asia is one facet of a more general demographic/nutritional/epidemiological transition that accompanies development and urbanization. The nutritional transition is marked by a shift away from relatively monotonous diets of varying nutritional quality toward an industrialized diet that is usually more varied, includes more preprocessed food, more food of animal origin, more added sugar and fat, and often more alcohol. This is accompanied by shift in the structure of occupations and leisure toward reduced physical activity, and leads to a rapid increase in the numbers of overweight and obese. The accompanying epidemiological transition is marked by a shift away from endemic deficiency and infectious diseases...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16447

Liberalization of Staple Crops: Lessons from the Mexican Experience in Maize
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yunez-Naude,   Antonio; Serrano-Cote,   Valeria.
In this paper we inquire why after more than 25 years of domestic agricultural reforms in Mexico and 15 years of trade liberalization of maize under NAFTA –a non-competitive crop and the major staple in Mexico–domestic production of this field crop has increased. We present new empirical evidence showing that, as expected, maize prices in Mexico dropped until 2006 and have experienced a process of convergence with USA prices, and maize imports from the USA increased. However, despite lower prices, maize production in Mexico rose and has experienced a positive structural change since 1992, two years before the beginning of NAFTA’s implementation. Based on the heterogeneity of maize production in Mexico, three possible explanations are proposed to explain...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Domestic and Trade Liberalization; Price Convergence; Structural Change.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50827

Food-Security Status and Food-Purchase Decisions of Low-Income Households in Tennessee
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tegegne,   Fisseha; Godwin,   Sandria L.; Speller-Henderson,   Leslie; Dirkson,   Margo.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26738

HUNGER, POLITICS, ECONOMICS, AND TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   D. Gale.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17082

Improving agricultural productivity for poverty alleviation through integrated service provision with public-private sector partnerships: examples and issues.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hussain,   Intizar; Perera,   L.R.
Enduring low agricultural productivity is one of the major causes of rural poverty in South Asia. Based on a review of recent empirical studies, this paper focuses on three key questions: (1) why is agricultural productivity low in the region?; (2) what are the key constraints and opportunities for enhancing agricultural productivity; and (3) what are the effective mechanisms to improve access to key productivity enhancing technologies, factors and services. Two major points raised in the paper are: (a) improved management of land and water is important for increasing productivity, but equally important is farmers' access to non land and water-related inputs and services, which through their complementary relationships with water, increase the productivity...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Crop production; Productivity; Constraints; Poverty; Farmers’ associations; Public sector; Private sector; Models; Food security; Sugarcane; Rice; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92408

A REGIONAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF THE WELFARE IMPACT OF CASH TRANSFERS: AN ANALYSIS OF PROGRESA IN MEXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.; Harris,   Rebecca Lee.
Using a regionally disaggregated computable general equilibrium model, we analyze the differential welfare impacts of a cash transfer program targeted at rural areas. The direct effect of the transfers decreases regional income differentials, but the indirect effects depend on how the program is financed. Financing the program with a more efficient tax system is also less regressive and has favorable urban impacts. The less efficient instruments result in relatively higher incomes in all rural regions, but are more regressive. The increasing share of urban poverty highlights the shortcomings of rural targeting and raises the issue of horizontal equity.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: General equilibrium; Targeted transfers; Regional impacts; Tax incidence; Food Security and Poverty; D3; D58; D60; H2; O10; O54; R13.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16303

BRIDGING RESEARCH, POLICY, AND PRACTICE IN AFRICAN AGRICULTURE: Progress and problems in confronting hunger and poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omamo,   Steven Were.
Policy research on African agriculture is long on prescriptions for what needs to be done to spur agricultural growth but short on how such prescriptions might be implemented in practice. What explains this state of affairs? What might be done to correct it, and, most important, how? This paper addresses these questions via a comprehensive review and assessment of the literature on the role and impact of research in policy processes. Six major schools of thought are identified: the rational model; pragmatism under bounded rationality; innovation diffusion; knowledge management; impact assessment; and evidence-based-practice. The rational model—with its underlying metaphor of a “policy cycle” comprising problem definition and agenda setting, formal decision...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60180

FOOD SECURITY IN BRAZIL: CAN "LULA" KEEP HIS PROMISE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager; Rosen,   Stacey L.
Brazil, a country with a population of more than 170 million, has embarked on a path to eradicate hunger and poverty.  President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (commonly known as "Lula") declared as his goal to cut the number of hungry people to zero during his presidency.  Poverty and hunger afflict a large proportion of the population in part because of highly skewed income distribution.  The poorest income quintile (20 percent of the population) owned 2.2 percent of the national income while the richest quintile owned about two-thirds in 1998.  Using USDA/ERS food security models, we measure food availability and access, calculate the number of hungry people, and estimate income growth required to eradicate food insecurity.  According to the ERS food...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22049

A Profile of the Gauteng Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia.
The Gauteng agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 0.46% of the Gauteng value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 0.61% of the population in Gauteng is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is being dominated by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size; And Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58056

Factors Contributing to Zambia’s 2010 Maize Bumper Harvest
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Chapoto,   Antony.
Key Points • Zambia’s maize crop grew by 48% between the 2009 and 2010 harvests, leading to the largest crop recorded in recent history. • Yield growth accounted for 59% of the maize production growth between 2009 and 2010. Expansion of area planted to maize explains an additional 23%, while the remaining 18% can be attributed to a rise in the ratio of harvested to planted land. • Favourable weather conditions contributed 47% of the maize yield growth between 2009 and 2010, whilst, 25% came from increased fertilizer use from both the private and public sectors, and 23% from area expansion. The remaining 5% can be attributed to hybrid seed use and improved management. • Due to favorable weather conditions in both 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons, maize...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97034

Agricultural Research and Development, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heisey,   Paul W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33685

Responsibility and Sustainability in a Food Chain: A Priority Matrix Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caracciolo,   Francesco; Gorgitano,   Maria Teresa; Lombardi,   Pasquale; Sanino,   Giuliana; Verneau,   Fabio.
This paper shows the results of empirical research conducted to assess the sustainability of a typical food supply chain, suggesting feasible solutions to satisfy inter-dimensional requisites of durable development. The analysis was conducted with reference to the supply chain of the San Marzano tomato (SMZ), a typical local food. The product is endowed with an origin certification label (PDO), meeting demand within high-value market niches. The SMZ is a flagship product in the Italian region of Campania and has benefited from several regionally funded interventions, such as genetic research and support for the application for EU certification of origin). Two key findings emerged from the research. First, the results allowed us to define a Stakeholder...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: PDO product; Sustainability assessment; Food chain management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q01; Q20; Q50.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121950

THE ROLE OF RAINFED AGRICULTURE IN THE FUTURE OF GLOBAL FOOD PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Cai,   Ximing; Cline,   Sarah A.; Nakagawa,   Naoko.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16053

Negotiating a Trade Agreement with the EU: Estimated Poverty Impacts in Ecuador
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wong,   Sara.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97462

WIC AND THE RETAIL PRICE OF INFANT FORMULA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor; Prell,   Mark A.; Smallwood,   David M.; Frazao,   Elizabeth.
Rebates from infant formula manufacturers to State agencies that administer the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) support over one-quarter of all WIC participants. However, concerns have been raised that WIC and its infant formula rebate program may significantly affect the infant formula prices faced by non-WIC consumers. This report presents findings from the most comprehensive national study of infant formula prices at the retail level. For a given set of wholesale prices, WIC and its infant formula rebate program resulted in modest increases in the supermarket price of infant formula, especially in States with a high percentage of WIC formula-fed infants. However, lower priced infant formulas are available to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WIC program; Infant formula; Cost-containment; Rebates; Food package costs; Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women; Infants; And Children; Child nutrition; Food assistance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33873

Possible causes of poverty within a group of land reform beneficiaries in the midlands of KwaZulu-Natal: Analysis and policy recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shinns,   L.H.; Lyne,   Michael C.
This study investigates possible causes of poverty afflicting a community of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal. The 38 beneficiary households had previously been clustered into four groups displaying different symptoms of poverty. Linear Discriminant Analysis was used first to distinguish households that were relatively income and asset "rich" from those that were relatively income and asset "poor", and second to distinguish households that were relatively income poor but "asset rich" from those relatively asset poor but "income rich". In the first analysis it was found that "rich" households could be distinguished from "poor" households using just two indicator variables; gender of the household head and family size. Larger,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31720

Assessing the Vulnerability of Agricultural Households to Macroeconomic Shocks: Evidence from Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rubio,   Gloria M.; Soloaga,   Isidro.
This paper uses cross-sectional data from Mexico before and after the 1994 peso crisis to analyze rural household vulnerability to macroeconomic shocks. The study suggests that agricultural households are less vulnerable than non-agricultural households. The impacts vary depending on type of production and specialization level. Among agricultural households, those with a higher proportion of corn and bean production for self-consumption fared better than households which engaged in stronger market participation. Although the decline in their monetary income and consumption was more or less similar to that of the more market-oriented agricultural households, they were better able to shield their total income and consumption as well as their food expenditures.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic shocks; Household vulnerability; Mexico; Rural poverty; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12007

Soil Fertility Management And Maize Productivity In Malawi: Curvature Correct Efficiency Modeling And Simulation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tchale,   Hardwick; Sauer,   Johannes.
We assess the level and determinants of relative technical efficiency of maize-based smallholder farmers using a translog stochastic frontier (TL) model and a symmetric generalized Barnett production function (SGB), both of which are tested for economic regularity conditions. In addition, we conduct a bootstrapping procedure in order to infer about the probability distributions and significance of the relative efficiency values for farmers using different soil fertility management options. The results indicate that higher levels of relative technical efficiency obtain when farmers use integrated soil fertility options compared to the use of chemical fertilizer only. The consistency of the results across the two models increase the robustness of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholder agriculture; Relative technical efficiency; Soil fertility management; Malawi; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52077

Promoting micro-irrigation technologies that reduce poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
According to research done by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), one-third of the world’s population will face absolute water scarcity by the year 2025. Among the worst hit will be regions in Asia, the Middle-East and Sub-Saharan Africa, home to some of the largest concentrations of rural poverty in the world. Policymakers, researchers, NGOs, and farmers are pursuing various technical, institutional and policy interventions to meet this challenge. Micro-irrigation technologies, commonly in use in water scarce areas of developed countries, constitute one such intervention with the ability to use water more efficiently in irrigated agriculture. These technologies can improve productivity; raise incomes through crop yields and outputs; and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Technology; Drip irrigation; Rural women; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113058

LA MUJER: LA CLAVE DE LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15896

National Conference on Irrigation for Food Security Voluume 1; Proceedings on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, EMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Climate change; River basins; Water shortage; Irrigated farming; Water quality; Tanks; Aquatic plants; Rice; Food insecurity; Water resource management; Zero tillage; Weed control; Agroforestry; Canals; Surface runoff; Remote sensing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118419

The Relationship Between Poverty, Inequality, and Growth in the Rural Ethiopia: Micro Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gelaw,   Fekadu.
This paper attempted to analyses the dynamic relationship between the three development objectives: inequality, growth and poverty. Given the vast majority of the population (about 85 percent) is living in the rural area and poverty being higher in rural than in urban Ethiopia, the Government’s focus on rural development can be acceptable if the country is to achieve its poverty reduction targets in near future. Contrary to this, the result of study shows that there has been no promising reduction in poverty in the past. The study used five rounds data collected from 18 rural villages through Ethiopian Rural Household Survey. FTG poverty measures, Gini index and General Entropy classes of inequality measures were calculated. Fixed Effect estimation was...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51915

TARGETING POVERTY THROUGH COMMUNITY-BASED PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS: A CROSS-DISCIPLINARY ASSESSMENT OF RECENT EXPERIENCE IN SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Since the transition to democracy, South African public works programs are to involve community participation, and be targeted to the poor and women. This paper examines the targeting performance of seven programs in Western Cape Province, and analyzes the role of government, community-based organizations, trade unions, and the private sector in explaining targeting outcomes. These programs were not well-targeted geographically in terms of poverty, unemployment, or infrastructure. Within localities, jobs went to the poor and unemployed, though not always the poorest. They did well in reaching women, despite local gender bias. Targeting guidelines of the state are mediated by diverse priorities that emerge in programs with multiple objectives, local...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16458

THE ROLE OF RELEVANT BASIC EDUCATION IN ACHIEVING FOOD SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vandenbosch,   Tom; Nanok,   Tutui; Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31843

Conceptualizing Informality: Regulation and Enforcement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
The informality discourse is large, vibrant and expanding fast. But there is a certain conceptual incoherence to the literature. New definitions of informality compete with old definitions leading to a plethora of alternative conceptualisations. While some individual studies may apply a tight definition consistently, the literature as a whole is in a mess. This paper proposes that informality and formality should be seen in direct relation to economic activity in the presence of specified regulation(s). Relative to the regulation(s), four conceptual categories that can help frame the analysis are: (A) regulation applicable and compliant, (B) regulation applicable and non-compliant, (C) regulation non-applicable after adjustment of activity and (D)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48926

Rising Food Prices Intensify Food Insecurity in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosen,   Stacey L.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123991

O SETOR CONFECÇÕES DE VESTUÁRIO E ACESSÓRIOS: ESTRATÉGIAS COMPETITIVAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alves,   Rozane.
O objetivo do artigo é apresentar algumas evidências empíricas do setor de confecções de vestuário e acessórios. Pretende-se analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelas empresas de Confecção do Brasil, para fazer frente às mudanças provocadas pela reestruturação produtiva após 1990. Os  procedimentos metodológicos realizados envolveram a discussão das estratégias de produção, a utilização de novas tecnologias, a organização, o gerenciamento, a comercialização, as alianças, as parcerias e as associações entre as empresas de confecção e os potenciais resultados, assim como o levantamento de dados secundários da indústria e a análise dos dados da PINTEC (2005), divulgados em agosto de 2007. O processo foi alvo de intenso de debate entre os economistas e a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Reestruturação Produtiva; Estratégias Competitivas; Setor de Vestuário; Restructuring Productive; Competitive Strategies; The Clothing Industry; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109997

Recent Developments in the Rwandan Agriculture: The Challenges of Attaining Food Security and Abolishing Absolute Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jose,   Ariyappillil Mathai.
The paper intends to take stock of the situation in the agricultural sector of Rwanda. The main purpose is to identify the gaps in the efforts so far; and subsequently to consider new policy interventions that are needed to achieve the goal of eliminating the ‘Fear of Want’. The sector’s performance is crucial in achieving the MDGs in the country. Noteworthy is that the largest part of Rwandan population agriculture is a livelihood and for the policy makers the sector is continuing to be a development problem. This paper analyzes the links between agriculture, food security and poverty reduction in Rwanda based on available secondary data. It is done in light of two important happenings in the country development scenario after the completion of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52131

Trading out of Poverty: WTO Agreements and the West African Agriculture. A Report of the Food Security II Cooperative Agreement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nouve,   Kofi; Staatz,   John M.; Schweikhardt,   David B.; Yade,   Mbaye.
This report is a brief survey of WTO agreements and their implications for the West African economies (including Chad). The study reviews the positions of West African countries on various WTO issues and compares these positions with positions expressed by major trade partners, particularly the Cairns Group, the European Union, Japan, Sub-Sahara Africa, and the United States.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; World trade organization; Poverty; West Africa; International trade; Market access; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 29; F0.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54573

Does SNAP Decrease Food Insecurity? Untangling the Self-Selection Effect
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Golla,   Anne Marie.
Self-selection by more food-needy households into the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly called the Food Stamp Program) makes it difficult to observe positive effects of the program in survey data. This study investigates self-selection and ameliorative program effects by examining households’ food security month by month for several months prior to initial receipt of SNAP benefits and for several months after joining the program. Two-year panels are constructed by matching the same households interviewed in the Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement in 2 consecutive years using data from 2001 to 2006. Food security is observed to deteriorate in the 6 months prior to beginning to receive SNAP benefits and to improve...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity; Food stamps; Food security; Hunger; Very low food security; SNAP; Longitudinal analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55955

Spatial Disadvantages or Spatial Poverty Traps: Household Evidence from Rural Kenya.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The goals of this study are: 1) to determine the relative importance of spatial factors in explaining household wealth; 2) to identify the spatial characteristics of the chronically poorest, the consistently well off, and households escaping from poverty as well as descending into poverty; 3) to determine effects of compound disadvantages on the likelihood of chronic poverty; and 4) to assess the evidence of spatial poverty traps (SPTs).  Quantitative analysis is conducted using panel data collected from 1275 households, each surveyed four times with a structured questionnaire over an 11 year period from 1997 to 2007. We identified four distinct groups. The chronically poor are defined as households remaining consistently in the bottom third (tercile) of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Kenya; Spatial; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54560

Determinants of Youth Poverty: A Zip Code Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Misra,   Kaustav; Debertin,   David L.
Estimation of Gini coefficients for various age groups indicates that Kentucky youth population is at risk. The paper determines the factors affecting youth poverty, employing Zip Code data. Analysis of outcomes provides suggestions for the policymakers to limit youth poverty in Kentucky.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Youth; Poverty; Zip Code; Gini coefficient; Lorenz curve; Logit model; Food Security and Poverty; I32; I39; R11.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34899

A Profile of KwaZulu-Natal: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of KwaZulu-Natal. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15611

A Study of the Role of Livestock in Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blench,   Roger; Chapman,   Robert; Slaymaker,   Tom.
The current document examines how livestock features in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) prepared by Heavily Indebted Poor Countries as they seek concessional lending from the World Bank and IMF.  An assessment has been made of the overall importance of livestock to the country's economy and to its population, especially the poor, and how accurately the PRSP reflects this. A ranking is given based on the quality of data presented in the PRSP and the degree to which considered and detailed strategies are put forward for reducing poverty through livestock-related measures.  Detailed case studies are presented for five countries: Niger, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Laos and Pakistan. These explore the role of livestock within the country and in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23776

Technical Efficiency Analysis of Nigerian Cassava Farmers: A Guide for  Food Security Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asogwa,   B.C.; Umeh,   Joseph Chinedu; Ater,   P.I.
This study analyzed relationship between techn ical efficiency and socio-economic variables of cassava farmers in Nigeria. Data were collected from randomly sampled 360 cassava farmers in Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics comprising mean, minimum value, maximum value and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, which comprised correlation and regression. The findings of the s tudy indicated that a significant relationship exists between technical efficiency and cassava output (0.542), farm income (0.612), processing cost (- 0.414), gari yield (0.608), gross margin (0.483), farming experience (0.278), education (0.699) and extension contact (0.585) of the sampled cassava farmers in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Nigerian cassava farmers; Food security policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25473

Africa’s Food and Nutrition Security Situation: Where Are We and How Did We Get Here?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Efforts and initiatives to combat hunger and malnutrition in Africa are gaining momentum at all levels—local, national, continental, and international. To design and implement effective strategies for action, it is vital that we have a clear understanding of the problems and options. In this 2020 discussion paper, Todd Benson reviews the extent of food and nutrition insecurity across Africa. He assesses recent patterns and trends, exploring where significant progress has occurred, or not, and why. The differences between food and nutrition security, and how they are linked, are clarified. Benson examines the key direct and indirect determinants and consequences of food and nutrition insecurity in the African context and offers a menu of actions and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42272

Food and Nutrition Security in Developing Countries: A Case Study of City of Varanasi in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mishra,   Sunita.
Safety of the street foods is an important aspect in the field of nutrition security. A study was conducted in the city of Varanasi in India. It was observed that about 42% of the working man and women in the age group of 25-45, and 61% of the students in the age group of 14-21, consume foods from the street vendors in the day at least once. About 23% of working women prefer to have food from street vendors rather carrying food from home to the work place. About 82 % of people of all age groups prefer to go to street vendors against only 18% only who prefer to go to the restaurant in the evening. About 57% working man and women are concerned about the cleanliness and hygiene of the vendors while the rest are not concerned about these aspects.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk analysis; Safety handling; Food control; Codex; Street vendor; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25000

Opportunities for African Small Farmers in Ethical Foods Markets: An Entrepreneurial Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amanor-Boadu,   Vincent.
Income growth in many countries is fuelling expansion of the ethical consumer segment and creating an unprecedented opportunity for small African farmers. The challenge is how to organize these farmers to seize the opportunities being offered by the emerging market. We argue in this paper that the development of entrepreneurial perspectives on small farmers’ realities could help alleviate the current economic challenges confronting them. We suggest increased engagement between researchers and academics with producers in entrepreneurial ventures to seize these opportunities. This is new model of economic development focuses on microeconomic solutions through entrepreneurial initiatives. We believe the agricultural economics profession’s ability to engage...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethical Foods; Farmers; African; Markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52215

THE GROWING PLACE OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS IN WORLD FOOD IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Steinfeld,   Henning; Ehui,   Simeon K.; Courbois,   Claude B.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102529

Impact of irrigation on poverty and environment in Ethiopia. Draft Proceeding of the Symposium and Exhibition held at Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 27th -29th November, 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Loulseged,   Makonnen; Yilma,   Aster Denekew.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Crop management; Irrigated farming; Rainfed farming; Irrigation systems; Food security; Water harvesting; Institutions; Environmental effects; Public health; Malaria; GIS; Remote sensing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118410

On Intra-Annual Poverty in the U.S.: Prevalence, Causes and Response to Food Stamp Program Use
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mykerezi,   Elton; Mills,   Bradford F.
Poverty measurement with data whose reference period is one year masks family exposure to poverty that only lasts for part of the year. We use quarterly expenditure data and decomposable severity of poverty indexes to quantify consumption-based intra-annual poverty, determine its causes and its response to federal food assistance. Results show that twice as many households are poor for at least one quarter then would be classified as poor with annual consumption data. Severity indexes indicate that intra-annual poverty accounts for over one third of the total annual severity of poverty. The common determinants of intra-annual and annual poverty include low human capital, unemployment and minority status. Changes in family size during the year affect...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49095

A Profile of the Mpumalanga Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia; Scheepers,   Kabelo.
Mpumalanga’s agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 3.5% of Mpumalanga value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 2.3% of the population in Mpumalanga is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is being dominated by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size and Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58058

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE &lt;Chinese version&gt;
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barghouti,   Shawki; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16036

The U.S. Produce Traceability Initiative: Analysis, Evaluation, and Recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Porter,   Justin K.; Baker,   Gregory A.; Agrawal,   Narendra.
The IFAMR is the Official Journal of the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association: www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Produce Traceability Initiative (PTI); Fresh produce industry; Food safety; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Public Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114643

Treadle pump irrigation and poverty in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adeoti,   Adetola I.; Barry,   Boubacar; Namara,   Regassa E.; Kamara,   Abdul B.; Titiati,   Atsu.
Treadle pump (TP) technology has been promoted by Enterprise Works Worldwide (EWW) as an alternative to the traditional rope and bucket irrigation that is necessary to overcome the challenge of uncertain and inadequate rainfall for agricultural production. The aim is to improve output, increase incomes and reduce poverty among farm households. This study examines the strategies used for dissemination of the TP and the dynamics of its adoption and impacts, with a special focus on poverty reduction. The results of the study reveal that time and labor savings for irrigation, increased size of irrigated areas and lack of fuel requirements are the attractive features of the TP for those who adopt it. Adoption of TP increases land and labor productivities; and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Manual pumps; Irrigation systems; Water lifting; Poverty; Farm income; Gender; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44520

Nutritional status and access to clean fuels: Evidence from South Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Gupta,   Parul.
Indoor air pollution due to solid fuels is among the ten most important risk factors in global burden of disease leading to respiratory diseases, anaemia, blindness and other disorders. This study examines the correlations between fuel choice and the nutritional status of children. We also explore if factors such as income, kitchen location and education play any role in conditioning fuel choice. Our results suggest that the choice and use of fuel has long lasting effects on the growth and health of children. It is also associated with a higher frequency of respiratory disorders. We find that agricultural households predominantly use unclean fuels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Stunting; Indoor air pollution; Fuel choice; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103728

Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Agricultural Development in the Caribbean: The Conflict and Convergence Dilemma
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   Carlton George.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Poverty and Sustainable Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45598

Positiv externality of honey production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vanyi Arvane,   Georgina; Csapo,   Zsolt; Karpati,   Laszlo.
Bee-keeping and honey production has a long history in Hungary. Honey is an important and healthy food of people and it can be consumed without any human processing. The honey production has important role, too. Some researchers say that if honey bee will extinct the humanity in the world would also extinct. It is true since plant pollination by honey bees is very important. It is confirmed by researchers’ studies that plant pollination by honey bees has significant positive external impacts on potential yields in orchards. Although the contribution of honey production to the GDP in Hungary is only a few per cent, other benefits play more important role. One of them is the positive external effect – mentioned above – and the other is the contribution to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Honey production; Honey bees; Pollination; Economic values; Positive externality; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109313

Cornell-SEWA-WIEGO 2008 Dialogue - Ahmedabad and Delhi Compendium of Personal and Technical Notes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bali,   Namrata; Basu,   Kaushik; Bhorat,   Haroon; Carre,   Francoise; Chen,   Martha Alter; Fields,   Gary S.; Jhabvala,   Renana; Kanbur,   Ravi; Lund,   Francie; Unni,   Jeemol; Valodia,   Imraan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51152

Food Insecurity, Health Restriction and Poverty Among French Adults: Implications for Public Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caillavet,   France; Touazi,   Djilali; Darmon,   Nicole.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114326

The Value of Accurate Crop Production Forecasts.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Rashid,   Shahidur.
Crop production forecasts are widely recognized as an important input into food balance sheets and for anticipating production shortfalls. However, the role of accurate crop production forecasting systems in mitigating food price instability and transitory food insecurity is often under-appreciated. This paper explains how crop production forecasting systems affect price instability and risks, and how they can be improved to stabilize the food system.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Forecasts; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis; C10; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97032

Identifying the food insecure: the application of mixed-method approaches in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chung,   Kimberly; Riely,   Frank Z.; Ramakrishna,   Jayashree; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food supply -- India; Food supply -- Statistical methods; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42909

Poverty and the Environment: Exploring the Relationship between Household Incomes, Private Assets, and Natural Assets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Narain,   Urvashi; Gupta,   Shreekant; van 't Veld,   Klaas.
Using purpose-collected survey data from 537 households in 60 different villages of the Jhabua district of India, this paper investigates the extent to which rural households depend on common-pool natural resources for their daily livelihood. Previous studies have found that resource dependence- defined as the fraction of total income derived from common-pool resources-strongly decreases with income. Our study finds a more complex relationship. First, for the subsample of households that use positive amounts of resources, we find that dependence follows a U-shaped relationship with income, declining at first but then increasing. Second, we find that the probability of being in the subsample of common-pool resource users follows an inverse U-shaped...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10694

Welfare Effects of Food Miles Labels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caputo,   Vincenzina; Vassilopoulos,   Achilleas; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.; Canavari,   Maurizio.
We assessed the consumer welfare effects of two generic food miles labels: carbon dioxide (CO2) emission label and number of miles label. Using data from a choice experiment, our results generally suggest that a mandatory labeling policy for either type of label would have a positive welfare effect on both informed and uninformed consumers. However, a label informing consumers about the number of miles the food product has travelled provides greater positive welfare effects than a label informing consumers about the amount of CO2 emission.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Welfare effect; Generic food miles labelling programs; Choice experiment; Italy.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109314

Vulnerability to risk among small farmers in Tajikistan: results of a 2011 survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Wolfgramm,   Bettina.
Tajikistan is judged to be highly vulnerable to risk, including food insecurity risks and climate change risks. By some vulnerability measures it is the most vulnerable among all 28 countries in the World Bank’s Europe and Central Asia Region – ECA (World Bank 2009). The rural population, with its relatively high incidence of poverty, is particularly vulnerable. The Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR) in Tajikistan (2011) provided an opportunity to conduct a farm-level survey with the objective of assessing various dimensions of rural population’s vulnerability to risk and their perception of constraints to farming operations and livelihoods. The survey should be accordingly referred to as the 2011 PPCR survey. The rural population in Tajikistan is...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farmers; Tajikistan; Survey; Risk; Climate change; Tajikistan’s agriculture; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119833

Trends in Real Food Prices in Six Sub-Saharan African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Mukumbu,   Mulinge; Duncan,   John; Staatz,   John M.; Howard,   Julie A.; Lundberg,   Mattias K.A.; Aldridge,   Kim; Nakaponda,   Bethel; Ferris,   John N.; Keita,   Francis; Sanankoua,   Abdel Kader.
The objectives of the study are: to assess the direction and magnitude of changes in real staple food prices since the implementation of food sector policy reforms in Africa; to identify the major factors affecting changes in these food prices; and to assess the resulting effects of food system reform on household food security.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 9; R11.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54695

ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRIVATE FOOD STANDARDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giraud-Heraud,   Eric; Grazia,   Cristina; Hammoudi,   Abdelhakim.
This paper provides an original theoretical framework to better understand the raise of private quality standards in agrifood chains. Reasons for the development and conditions for the effectiveness of private quality standards are identified, by investigating firms’ strategic behaviour and, more precisely, both interactions among processing/retailing firms and upstream producers and the role of consumers’ behaviour. Considering different levels of consumers risk perception, we show that the incentive for firms to develop a more stringent private standard may increase with the level of the regulated minimum quality standard. Moreover, setting a private standard may reduce the risk of consumer dissatisfaction while increasing the marketed quantity....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Private quality standards; Vertical relationships; Risk perception; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; L1; L15; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116408

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Overview, by Per Pinstrup-Andersen; Farmer-based agroecological technology, by Jules Pretty; Conventional research-based technology, by Prabhu L. Pingali; Modern biotechnology, by Calestous Juma; Modern technology for African agriculture, by Jennifer Thomson; Information and communications technologies, by Nuimuddin Chowdhury; GIS, GPS, and remote sensing, by Uwe Deichmann and Stanley Wood; Alternative energy sources, by R.K. Pachauri and Pooja Mehrota; Food irradiation, by Morton Satin
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16030

TRADE INSECURITY AND FOOD SECURITY: AFTER SEATTLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Runge,   C. Ford; Senauer,   Benjamin.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14374

Food Security and Food Aid Distribution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shapouri,   Shahla; Rosen,   Stacey L.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33651

Does Negative Information Always Hurt Meat Demand? An Examination of Avian Influenza Information Impacts on U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mu,   Jianhong H.; McCarl,   Bruce A.
Consumers’ consumption patterns could be affected by food safety information, however, it is more important to consider where the food safety issue occurs. If the food safety issue happens in other countries, in other words, it outbreaks out of the target market, negative information may be beneficial; in contrast, if the food safety issue occurs within the market, results may consistent with previous studies. Based on this assumption, this paper reinvestigates the impacts of AI media coverage and BSE cases on the demand of meat in U.S. market. Estimated results provide supports for our assumption, i.e., AI information has positive effect on poultry and turkey demands in short term, and BSE affect beef demand negatively.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza media coverage; AI human case; BSE announcements; AIDS model; Meat demand; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116450

O Programa de Segurança Alimentar “Direto no Campo” do Município de Araraquara-SP: um Instrumento de Desenvolvimento Local
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuranaga,   Alcir Antonio; Ferrante,   Vera Botta; Almeida,   Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo; Bergamasco,   Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereia.
O trabalho apresenta um caso concreto de formação de uma rede de capital social em torno da temática da segurança alimentar local. Toma como princípio que a segurança alimentar deve ser tratada de maneira ampla, de forma a abarcar não somente as condições de saúde das pessoas, de higiene dos alimentos e da autenticidade da produção, mas também a melhora das condições de renda e emprego de pequenos agricultores. Este trabalho mostra que num município paulista desenvolve-se um programa de segurança alimentar nessa amplitude, com a comercialização de produtos agrícolas em varejões populares distribuídos em pontos comerciais estratégicos. Este caso, ocorrido no centro da produção canavieira e do cinturão citrícola paulista mostra como mecanismos institucionais...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultura Familiar; Políticas Públicas; Segurança Alimentar; Varejões Populares; Capital Social; Agrarian Familiar Activities; Publics Political; Security Food; Popular Fair; Social Capital; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103105

STRENGTHENING PROPERTY RIGHTS FOR THE POOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bruce,   John W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16568

The Food Security Role of Agriculture in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adenew,   Berhanu.
This study analyses income, expenditure and food consumption data in Ethiopia to help explains the country's high probability of national food consumption shortfalls. The study argues that to reach the goal of increased national food security, it is necessary to improve market functioning, invest in infrastructure which reduces food transaction costs, provide incentives for increased production through strong support for producers, and, most importantly of all, reform current land tenure arrangements.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Food insecurity; Rural development; Rural poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12012

Objective and Subjective Impediments to the Use of Food Stamps by Food-Insecure Households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ejimakor,   Godfrey; Acharaeke,   Obinna.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8560

GOVERNANCE AND FOOD SECURITY IN AN AGE OF GLOBALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Robert L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16242

Are Tomato-Spotted Wilt Virus Management Tactics Good Enough?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awondo,   Sebastain Nde; Fonsah,   Esendugue Greg; Riley,   David G.
Management of tomato-spotted wilt virus is complex and requires more than one treatment for near optimum results. We investigated tomato and pepper growers’ perception on the effectiveness of tactics using Bayesian Logistic regression. The perceived chance that each tactics will control the disease was about a coin toss.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tomato-spotted wilt virus; Pest and disease management; Bayesian logistic regression; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119790

Monitoring Poverty without Consumption Data: an Application Using the Albania Panel Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Azzarri,   Carlo; Carletto,   Calogero; Davis,   Benjamin; Zezza,   Alberto.
In developing countries poverty is generally measured with expenditure data. Such data are difficult and costly to obtain and it is generally recommended to collect them every 3-5 years. In between surveys, however, there is a clear need to provide policymakers with information for the monitoring of poverty trends. The paper reviews several such methods and compares the poverty estimates and trends resulting from their application to a panel dataset for Albania. The results are broadly consistent across methods and point to an overall improvement in welfare conditions over time, although the magnitude of the changes differs by locale, with urban areas showing a larger improvement than their rural counterparts.  However, given the sensitivity of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Welfare; Asset index; Poverty measurement; Poverty monitoring.; Food Security and Poverty; O12; O18; O47; R11.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23809

Adoption and impacts of microirrigation technologies: Empirical results from selected localities of Maharashtra and Gujarat states of India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Namara,   Regassa E.; Upadhyay,   Bhawana; Nagar,   Rashmi K.
This report analyzes the economics of alternative microirrigation technologies ranging from low-cost drip and sprinkler systems to the capital-intensive systems, the determinants of adoption of microirrigation technology, the poverty outreach of the different microirrigation systems, and the sustainability implications of microirrigation adoption.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation systems; Microirrigation; Models; Poverty; Rural women; Cropping systems; Food security; Economic aspects; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44543

A REVIEW OF FOOD SUBSIDY RESEARCH AT IFPRI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farrar,   Curtis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16584

Agriculture for Food and Nutrition Security: A Must For Achieving the Millennium Development Goals in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dittoh,   Saa; Abizari,   Abdul-Razak; Akuriba,   Margaret A.
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) underscore an overriding importance of human development for sustained economic, social, political and other development, and nutrition is the beginning of human development. Nutrition has, however, not been viewed as a development imperative in many African countries. Agricultural and health policies, projects and programmes and the conduct of agricultural and health research in most African countries do not consider nutrition to any significant degree.  The paper argues that food production, poverty, malnutrition and health are very intricately linked and the result of that linkage is probably the most important determinant of development and, thus, the realization of the MDGs in Africa.  It also argues that it is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52217

How effective are food for education programs? : A critical assessment of the evidence from developing countries.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Sarah W.; Gilligan,   Daniel O.; Lehrer,   Kim.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: School children; Food; Developing countries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48852

WHY IS U.S. POVERTY HIGHER IN NONMETROPOLITAN THAN METROPOLITAN AREAS? EVIDENCE FROM THE PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.
In the United States, low-income people are not evenly distributed across the rural-urban landscape. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who "choose" to live in rural areas have unmeasured attributes related to poverty? To address this question, I use data from nine waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to track economic well-being and rural/urban residential choice among a sample of 6,461 householders. A series of multivariate regression models are estimated in which the dependent variable is a householder's income to need and explanatory variables are individual attributes and place-level factors, including whether the county of residence is nonmetropolitan (nonmetro). First I estimate an ordinary least squares (OLS) model which...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Poverty; Residential mobility; Omitted variable bias; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18904

Assessing Rural Women Food Producers Capacity to Adopt Modern ICTs – A case Study of the Mfantsiman District of Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sampong,   D.D.; Egyir,   Irene Susana; Yaw,   Osei-Asare.
The traditional way of information dissemination has been through people; the modern way is through the electronic media – improved information and communication technologies (ICTs).  For effectiveness, modern ICTs should help women to improve on their income generating capacity.  Issues of level of resource capacity of women, information needed, and current sources of such information become important.  This study sought to investigate the issues above with respect to rural women food producers in the Mfantsiman District of Ghana.  Simple descriptive statistics and econometric models were employed in the data analysis of 91 randomly selected respondents.  The results of the study showed that: In general, the women food producers were aged, subsistence...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Information and communication Technology; Ghana; Women; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52149

Effects of Poverty on Deforestation: Distinguishing Behavior from Location
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   Suzi; Pfaff,   Alexander S.P.; Cavatassi,   Romina; Davis,   Benjamin; Lipper,   Leslie; Sanchez,   Arturo; Timmins,   Jason.
We summarize existing theoretical claims linking poverty to rates of deforestation and then examine this linkage empirically for Costa Rica during the 20th century  using an econometric approach that addresses the irreversibilities in deforestation. Our data facilitate an empirical analysis of the implications for deforestation of where the poor live. Without controlling for this, impacts of poverty per se are confounded by richer areas being different from the areas inhabited by the poor, who we expect to find on more marginal lands, for instance less profitable lands.  Controlling for locations' characteristics, we find that poorer areas are cleared more rapidly.  This result suggests that poverty reduction aids forest conservation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Use; Deforestation; Poverty; Climate Change; Development; Costa Rica.; Food Security and Poverty; I32; O13; Q51; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23792

Agricultural Diversification and Rural Industrialization as a Strategy for Rural Income Growth and Poverty Reduction in Indochina and Myanmar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goletti,   Francesco.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural diversification; Economic aspects; Indochina; Economic policy; Poverty alleviation; Myanmar; Meat industry and trade; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97385

Investing in Agriculture for Growth and Food Security in the ACP Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoet,   Jakob; Stamoulis,   Kostas G.; Deuss,   Annelies.
Countries in the ACP region will face significant challenges in the years to come as they try to step up economic growth, deal with increasingly integrated world markets and meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), especially those focused on hunger and poverty. These efforts will take place in the face of declining external assistance and many competing demands on resources. The analysis in the paper shows that agriculture and rural economic activities are essential for growth, poverty reduction and food security especially for the poorer countries in the region. However trends in public resource mobilisation for agriculture and rural development (in terms of both domestic spending and Official Development Assistance) do not reflect that important...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: ACP countries; Hunger; Agriculture; Rural development; Food security; Resource mobilisation.; Food Security and Poverty; F35; H54; H55; Q18; R11; O12.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23802

Smallholder Income Diversification in Zambia: The Way Out of Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bigsten,   Arne; Tengstam,   Sven.
This paper investigates the relationship between income diversification and income change within Zambian smallholder households, and investigates what the constraints of income diversification are in this group. A panel data set of roughly 7000 smallholder farmer households interviewed in 2001 and 2004 is used. Different combinations of the four main income generating activities – farm income, agricultural wage work, non-agricultural wagework, and own-business income – are analyzed.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Zambia; Africa; Smallholder; Income; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54490

FROM PAPER TO PLASTIC BY 2002: RETAILERS' PERSPECTIVE ON ELECTRONIC BENEFIT TRANSFER SYSTEMS FOR FOOD STAMPS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quinones,   Ana R.; Kinsey,   Jean D.
The Food Stamp Program (FSP) is working under the deadline of October 1, 2002, to  coordinate a change from the current paper disbursement system of paper food stamps to an electronic transfer system of benefits, known as EBT.  The Food and Nutrition Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture has been studying the effectiveness of differing vehicles for benefit dispersal since the inception of the FSP in the 1960's.  The merits of a direct cash payment have been compared to those of the paper system by the USDA and an array of professional groups and research organizations.  The adoption of the electronic benefit transfer (EBT) system engenders a new set of questions about the effects of EBT on benefit recipients, retailers and the administering...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14338

The Challenge of Reaching Transparency: ‘T-readiness’ of Enterprises and Sector Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fritz,   Melanie; Schiefer,   Gerhard.
Discussions on the safety and quality of food as well as growing interest in the sustainability of the production, distribution and consumption of food have contributed to the emergence of ‘transparency’ as a critical success factor for the food sector. However, reaching transparency for different stakeholders from different backgrounds and cultural identities is a dynamic process which depends on certain capabilities of enterprises and organizations along the food value chain but also on the realization of a fitting communication scheme within the sector. This discussion asks for the identification and utilization of an indicator that could identify deficiencies and support enterprises and the sector in reaching a level of transparency that could serve...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97020

The Outlook for Agriculture and Rural Development in the Americas 2011 -2012
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: ECLAC; FAO; IICA.
Since late 2010 and continuing into 2011, price volatility, in relation to basic agricultural commodities, has occupied center stage on the agendas of decision makers.  An additional concern has been uncertainty about a new global economic crisis in the wake of the macroeconomic difficulties experienced in the economies of several European countries and the United States.  In recent months, this situation has been compounded by the food crisis in the Horn of Africa --a reminder of the extremely vulnerable conditions under which broad segments of the world population continue to live.  This third edition of Outlook for Agriculture and Rural Development in the Americas: a Perspective on Latin America and the Caribbean is an informational and analytical tool...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119195

The Pattern of Livelihoods in a Typical Rural Village Provides New Perspectives on Botswana's Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moepeng,   Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Botswana’s average economic growth rate of about 8 per cent during 1985-2005 is one of highest in the world. A major contributor of this growth was mining which, in 2005/06, had a 41.4 per cent share of GDP. Various government welfare and empowerment programmes indicate that redistribution of the mineral wealth is widespread in Botswana. This article will show that the pattern of livelihoods in a typical rural village has changed and provide new perspectives on Botswana’s development. In particular, the article will show that contrary to expectations, agriculture is no longer a major source of income to the rural economy but income transfers from out migrants members of rural based households. It will also be shown that the proportion of the rural...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Rural poverty; Agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123548

Farming a way out of poverty: forgotten crops and marginal populations in Asia and the Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
This regional workshop was held to discuss the findings and implications from 16 case studies dealing with the role of secondary crops in rural poverty alleviation. Part of these case studies were based on field results obtained in the framework of the project "Identification of pulling factors for enhancing the sustainable development of diverse agriculture in selected Asian countries (AGRIDIV)" implemented by CAPSA in collaboration with eight countries. Other cases were developed in a co-operative research effort with other countries and regional/international organizations in order to achieve a wider presentation of the diversity that characterizes the Asia-Pacific region.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7321

Bringing the Poor into a Growth Agenda: What Role for Africa’s Rural Nonfarm Economy?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven.
Distributed as: Appendix 1. Background Paper for Agriculture and Lands. African Ministers Meeting, April 2009. Prepared under the Food Security III Cooperative Agreement (GDG-A- 00-02-00021-00) between the Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Growth; Poor; Food security; Food Security and Poverty; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57446

RURAL AND FARMER FINANCE: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Poulton,   Colin; Kydd,   Jonathan.
A wide range of institutional models and financial products are currently serving, or attempting to serve, the poor's demands for savings and loan services. However, very few of these operate in lower density rural areas or in areas where there has not already been some agriculturally based growth in the rural economy, and virtually none are (a) operating in the conditions faced by the majority of poor farmers in sub Saharan Africa and (b) offering financial products that adequately address farmers' needs for seasonal finance for food crop production. This is partly due to the high costs and risks in the supply of such services, but may also reflect high risks and relatively low returns for borrowers investing in agriculture. However, loan products are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10924

Paving the Way for Development: The Impact of Road Infrastructure on Agricultural Production and Household Wealth in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ulimwengu,   John M.; Funes,   Jose; Headey,   Derek D.; You,   Liang.
Given its vast land resources and favorable water supply, the Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC) natural agricultural potential is immense. However, the economic potential of the sector is handicapped by one of the most dilapidated transport systems in the developing world (World Bank, 2006). Road investments are therefore a high priority in the government's investment plans, and those of its major donors. Whilst these are encouraging signs, very little is known about how the existing road network constrains agricultural and rural development, and how these new road investments would address these constraints. To inform this issue the present paper primarily employs GIS-based data to assess the impact of market access on agricultural and rural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Infrastructure; Market access; Road and river transport; Agricultural production; Poverty.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49292

Prospects for adopting system of rice intensification in Sri Lanka: A socioeconomic assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Namara,   Regassa E.; Weligamage,   Parakrama; Barker,   Randolph.
Today, there is an increasing worldwide interest in assessing the potential for maintaining or increasing rice yields by reducing or eliminating the use of chemicals and by decreasing irrigation requirements. The System of Rice  Intensification (SRI) first developed in Madagascar and now being tested in many countries, is an example of such an approach. The system is based largely on organic farming principles and additional requirements for spacing and the transplanting of seedlings.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Models; Rice; Paddy fields; Irrigated farming; Rain-fed farming; Poverty; Farmers; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44561

LA INVESTIGACION AGRICOLA Y LA REDUCCION DE LA POBREZA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16341

HIV/AIDS, FOOD SECURITY AND RURAL LIVEHOODS: UNDERSTANDING AND RESPONDING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loevinsohn,   Michael; Gillespie,   Stuart.
There is hardly need these days to repeat that HIV/AIDS is devastating African societies and economies, threatening the hard-won human development gains of the past several decades. The changes to the development landscape wrought by AIDS demand a review of existing development actions at many levels, from households seeking to secure viable livelihoods, to policymakers attempting to better understand and internalize the implications of AIDS for their own sectoral goals and strategies. In this paper, we describe processes of understanding and responding that are needed for HIV/AIDS to be effectively addressed. Key concepts of resistance and resilience are illustrated through a discussion of the two-way interactions between food insecurity and HIV/AIDS, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16390

Access to Affordable, Nutritious Food Is Limited in “Food Deserts”
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele.
A small percentage of U.S. households live in “food deserts,” where access to a supermarket or large grocery store is a problem. Low-income households often leave food deserts to shop where food prices are lower. Business costs, along with characteristics of potential customers, affect where stores locate.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122142

Linking Farmers to Markets: The Case of Grain Marketing Information in Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Odendo,   Martins; De Groote,   Hugo.
Market liberalization created a situation where there are no guaranteed grain prices, no central information source and the need for marketing information increased. Unfortunately, most farmers have little or no access to marketing information. This study evaluates farmers’ perceptions of importance of marketing information; identifies farmers’ sources of grain marketing information; determine farmers’ confidence in and use of marketing information; and assesses determinants farmers’ willingness (WTP) to pay for marketing information. Data used in this study were generated using a structured questionnaire in a survey that covered a random sample of 120 households in traditionally grain surplus-and deficit zones of Kenya. The data were analyzed by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmer; Grains; Logit; Markets.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52144

The Role of Livestock in Economic Development and Poverty Reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Upton,   Martin.
This paper reviews the diverse and changing roles of livestock as they relate to the process of economic development and poverty reduction, departing from the premise that livestock production plays an important role in contributing to the livelihoods of most of the world's poor and in meeting the fast growing demand for livestock products in the developing countries. It is argued that investment in livestock raises farm production by extending the area of land utilised, diversifying productive activity for crop cultivators or intensifying production, and that changes from grassland-based systems to mixed farming systems and thence to landless production systems represent stages of increasing intensity.  The author draws on New Institutional Economics...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pro-poor livestock policy; Livelihoods; Economic development; Poverty alleviation; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23783

Policy-oriented Research Impact Assessment (PORIA) Case Study on The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the Mexican PROGRESA Anti-poverty and Human Resource Investment Conditional Cash Transfer Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Behrman,   Jere R.
The objective of this study is to attempt to characterize the influence and impact of IFPRI in relation to the Mexican PROGRESA/Oportunidades anti-poverty and human resource program with its conditional cash transfers (CCT)-conditional on specific investments in education, health, and nutrition. The paper first describes PROGRESA/Oportunidades and estimates of the impact and benefits-to-costs of this program; then discusses the challenges in assessing the influence and impact of IPRRI on and through PROGRESA/Oportunidades; and then presents the information sources used in this study to attempt to identify the influence and impact of IFPRI on PROGRESA/Oportunidades including interviews with 39 key informants as well as various published and unpublished...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56130

Food Security in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Boughton,   Duncan; Donovan,   Cynthia.
This paper provides a systematic definition of food security, focusing on its different dimensions; examines the nature and magnitude of the different dimensions of food insecurity in developing countries; discusses the difficult tradeoffs that policy makers face in trying to address food security’s multiple dimensions simultaneously; and explores promising new approaches to address food insecurity. The geographic focus is on Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where the majority of the world’s food insecure people live.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Poverty; Food policy; Economic development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O13; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49227

PARTICIPATION AND POVERTY REDUCTION: ISSUES, THEORY, AND NEW EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoddinott,   John; Adato,   Michelle; Besley,   Timothy; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15973

PL480 Food Aid: We Can Do Better
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Maxwell,   Daniel G.
Fifty years ago, President Eisenhower signed the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 into law as US Public Law 480. This article addresses how food aid can become a more effective tool for reducing poverty and hunger and reducing costs without sacrificing any benefits to US agriculture.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94012

Assessing Consumer Preferences for Country-of-Origin Labeling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loureiro,   Maria L.; Umberger,   Wendy J.
In this paper, we assess consumer willingness to pay for a mandatory country-of-origin labeling (COOL) program applied to beef ribeye steaks, chicken breasts, and pork chops, all labeled as “Certified U.S.” products. A consumer survey was mailed in spring and early summer 2003 to households in the continental United States.  Results indicate that consumers are in general very concerned about food safety issues, viewing U.S. meats as the safest among the selection of countries considered.  Nevertheless, consumer willingness to pay for Certified U.S. products is relatively small, although above the expected implementation costs associated with a mandatory labeling program.  This finding coincides with the fact that only 36% of the sample favored consumers...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Consumer preferences; Country-of-origin labeling; Dichotomous choice; Willingness to pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; D12; Q13.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43712

Globalisation, Development and Poverty in the Pacific Islands: The Situation of the Least Developed Pacific Island Nations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Under pressure from external forces, involvement of Pacific Island nations in processes of globalisation and associated structural adjustment policies is being accelerated. Conditional aid and financial assistance from Bretton Woods' institutions and their 'relatives' such as the Asian Development Bank, as well as advice from donor countries, have played a significant role in these processes. these processes combined with reduced foreign aid and internal socioeconomic dynamics have resulted in major social conflicts and tensions in the Pacific Islands. Poverty in some Pacific Island nations, such as in the Solomon Islands, is already more serious than in Asia, including Bangladesh, and the situation is deteriorating with proportionall school enrolments...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pacific Island nations; Globalisation; Human Poverty Index (HPI); Human Development Index (HDI); Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100208

Poverty Comparisons with Endogenous Absolute Poverty Lines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.; Arndt,   Channing.
The objective of measuring poverty is usually to make comparisons over time or between two or more groups. Comm on statistical inference methods are used to determine whether an apparent difference in measured poverty is statistically significant. Studies of relative poverty have long recognized that when the poverty line is calculated from sample survey data, both the variance of the poverty line and the variance of the welfare metric contribute to the variance of the poverty estimate. In contrast, studies using absolute poverty lines have ignored the poverty line variance, even when the poverty lines are estimated from sample survey data. Including the poverty line variance could either reduce or increase the precision of poverty estimates, depending on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty measurement; Bootstrap; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; I32; C13; 012.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25775

CONCEPTUAL CHALLENGES IN POVERTY AND INEQUALITY:ONE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIST'S PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
The last thirty years in the analysis of inequality and poverty, especially in developing countries, has seen two phases-a phase of conceptual advancement, followed by a phase of application and policy debate. Both phases were exciting and useful in their own way, but the applied phase has significantly exhausted the potential of the conceptual advances of two decades ago, and new advances have been few and far between. However, there is now a need, and an opening, for a new phase of conceptual advances, advances that will make use of shifting methodological terrain in mainstream economics, and that will answer emerging policy questions that would otherwise have no easy answers (or, perhaps, too easy answers).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7242

EARLY CHILDHOOD NUTRITION AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glewwe,   Paul; Jacoby,   Hanan G.; King,   Elizabeth.
Early childhood nutrition is thought to be an important input into subsequent academic achievement. This paper investigates the nutrition-learning nexus using a unique longitudinal data set, which follows a large sample of Philippine children from birth until the end of their primary education. We find that malnourished children perform more poorly in school, even after correcting for the effects of unobserved heterogeneity both across and within households. Part of the advantage that well-nourished children enjoy arises from the fact that they enter school earlier and thus have more time to learn. The rest of their advantage appears to stem from greater learning productivity per year of schooling rather than from greater learning effort in the form of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94525

The Food Aid and Food Security Analysis System: Jamaica Technical Manual
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Mohanty,   Samarendu; Smith,   Darnell B.; Meyers,   William H.; Batres-Marquez,   S. Patricia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18648

US Seafood Exports and HACCP Regulatory System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Xiaoqian; Saghaian,   Sayed H.
This study investigates how the implementation and standards harmonization of HACCP regulation affects U.S. seafood exporting based on the method of Gravity Model and Spatial Error model. The analysis includes top 32 countries that importing seafood from U.S. The results indicate that HACCP standards benefit U.S. seafood exporting in the long time period but do not have significant impact in the short term period. Moreover, the way of performance standards is better for HACCP implementation and standards harmony.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: HACCP; U.S. seafood exports; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103504

Analysis of the Constraints to the Development of a Domestic Improved Seed Potato Industry in Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Marthe.
This paper outlines proposed research, using concepts of New Institutional Economics, to identify the factors constraining the emergence of a market for domestically produced improved seed potatoes in Mali.  It uses the Principal –Agent model to outline how to investigate the feasibility of developing a domestic seed potato industry in Mali by applying the concepts of efficient contract designs and other institutional arrangements. This research will contribute to the literature on: (a) contract and institutional design in the context of asymmetric information and uncertainty typical of agricultural markets in low-income countries and (b) design of improved seed production systems, particularly for clonal crops, in developing countries. The Malian potato...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Principal-agent model; Seed systems; Mali; Agricultural technology development; Input markets; Contracting; Potatoes; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D82; L14; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50351

CREATING A CHILD FEEDING INDEX USING THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEYS: AN EXAMPLE FROM LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Menon,   Purnima.
Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for five Latin American countries (seven data sets) were used to explore the feasibility of creating a composite feeding index and to examine the association between feeding practices and child height-for- age (HAZ). Urban/rural differences were also examined. The data sets used were Bolivia, 1994 and 1998; Colombia, 1995; Guatemala, 1995 and 1999; Nicaragua, 1998; and Peru, 1996. The variables used to create the index were: breastfeeding (whether the mother is currently breastfeeding the child); use of baby bottles in the previous 24 hours; dietary diversity (whether the child received selected food groups in the previous 24 hours); food group frequency (how many days the child received selected food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16452

Soil Degradation: A Threat to Developing-Country Food Security by 2020?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Scherr,   Sara J.
While there is growing appreciation for our soil re sources and the need to as sure sustain ability in their management, we do not as yet fully understand where, when, and how soil degradation affects food security; how important this problem is relative to other constraints in developing countries; and what policy and other actions to take to mitigate adverse effects of soil degradation. Until relatively recently, there has been a dearth of research on this topic, leading to uninformed dialogues and debates and leaving policymakers some what at a loss about whether and what to do to address soil degradation threats to food security. In this comprehensive paper, Sara J. Scherr lucidly explains why and when soil degradation should be of particular concern...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42277

THE ROBUSTNESS OF POVERTY PROFILES RECONSIDERED
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tarp,   Finn; Simler,   Kenneth R.; Matusse,   Cristina; Heltberg,   Rasmus; Dava,   Gabriel.
Poverty measures and profiles are used increasingly to guide antipoverty policies in low- income countries. An essential element in these analyses is the specification of a poverty line. However, there are many different methods for setting poverty lines, and different methods can yield strikingly different results, with correspondingly different policy implications. Using recent household survey data from Mozambique, this paper explores the differences that occur using the most common poverty line methodologies, the Food Energy Intake (FEI) and the Cost of Basic Needs (CBN) methods, over different levels of geographic specificity. We find that regional and provincial rankings of Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke poverty indices are not robust to the method of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16403

The Impact of Alternative Agro-Industrial Investments on Poverty Reduction in Rural Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Sambo,   Liria.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Poverty reduction; Mozambique; Agro-industrial investment; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56055

Theme Overview: Agricultural Productivity and Global Food Security in the Long Run
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alston,   Julian M.; Pardey,   Philip G.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93976

FOOD FROM PEACE: BREAKING THE LINKS BETWEEN CONFLICT AND HUNGER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.; D'Costa,   Jashinta.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16232

Desafíos para la vi sión 2020 en América Latina: la alimentación y la agricultura desde 1970
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garrett,   James L.
Uno de los ele men tos nece sarios para proyec tar una visión del futuro con siste en entender dónde hemos estado antes. Como parte de la inicia tiva de la visión 2020 del IFPRI, en varios seminarios region ales cele bra dos en Amé rica Latina, Asia Meridi onal y África al Sur del Sahara se reunieron inves tigadores, anal istas, auto ridades de nivel nor mativo y espe cial is tas técnicos para for mular estrate gias region ales des tinadas a erra di car el ham bre y la mal nutrición en el año 2020 y, al mismo tiempo, pro teger el medio ambi ente. En el docu mento de tra bajo No. 6 se pre sentaron la visión 2020 y el plan de acción para Amé rica Latina. Una ver sión ante rior de ese docu mento, pre parada para el semi nario lati noamericano, per mitió...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42279

Rapport Conjoint OMA/PROMISAM Sur les Marchés Céréaliers et les Perspectives de leur évolution au cours de la soudure : Campagne 2006-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cereal market; Mali; Food security; Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q12.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57060

Helping women respond to the global food price crisis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Bassett,   Lucy; Usnick,   Michael; Pandolfelli,   Lauren; Morden,   Cheryl; Alderman,   Harold.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48928

The Economics of Smallholder Maize Production in Zimbabwe: Implications for Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rohrbach,   David D.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads October 2008 - July 2009: 29.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54060

SOME NOTES ON THE LIVELIHOODS OF THE URBAN POOR IN KABUL, AFGHANISTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hunte,   Pamela A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14638

Some Households Leaving SNAP Still Face Food Shortfalls
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124168

Food miles, Carbon footprinting and other factors affecting our trade (Power Point)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saunders,   Caroline M.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97621

The Economics of "Robin Hood" Food Subsidy Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wittenberg,   J.I.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9032

Some Characteristics of Pro-poor Growth, and Policy Implications for Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.
Resultados das investigações do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Pro-poor growth; Poverty reduction; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55227

Child Undernutrition, Household Poverty and National Income in Developing Countries: Quantile Regression Results
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Block,   Steven A.; Masters,   William A.; Bhagowalia,   Priya.
The eradication of child undernutrition and extreme poverty are important objectives for most societies. Countries with higher national incomes usually improve in both dimensions, but not always at the same rate. Using quantile regression, we show that poverty rates tend to decline with increased income at a roughly constant elasticity. In contrast, while the prevalence of child underweight declines at that same elasticity where it is most widespread, the elasticity becomes smaller as underweight becomes less prevalent. This finding suggests a need for increasingly targeted interventions to achieve a given reduction in undernutrition as its prevalence declines.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global poverty; Millennium development goals; Underweight; Weight-for-height; Income elasticity of bodyweight; Income elasticity of poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61323

GENERATING DISAGGREGATED POVERTY MAPS: AN APPLICATION TO VIET NAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Geographic targeting is often recommended as a way to improve the impact of social spending and infrastructure investments on rural poverty. Previous research shows that such targeting is not very accurate unless the geographic units are small. Household surveys, however, rarely allow the estimation of poverty rates for more than 5-10 regions in a country. This study develops a method for generating disaggregated poverty maps and applies the method to Viet Nam. First, the relationship between rural poverty and 25 household indicators is estimated using household survey data. Then, census data on those same indicators are used to estimate the poverty rates for each of the 543 rural districts in Viet Nam. The results indicate that poverty is concentrated in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102528

2009 Global Hunger Index; The Challenge of Hunger: Focus on Financial Crisis and Gender Inequality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Grebmer,   Klaus; Nestorova,   Bella; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Fertziger,   Rebecca; Fritschel,   Heidi; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Yohannes,   Yisehac.
Published by Welt Hunger Hilfe; International Food Policy Research Institute and Concern Worldwide
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56194

Feeding America: The Food Bank Perspective (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Braley,   George.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51582

Saving a Staple Crop: Impact of Biological Control of the Banana Skipper on Poverty Reduction in Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bauer,   Marcia; Pearce,   David; Vincent,   David P.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113227

Measuring Food Insecurity: The Frequency and Severity of "Coping Strategies"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maxwell,   Daniel G.
Defining and interpreting food security, and measuring it in reliable, valid and cost-effective ways, have proven to be stubborn problems facing researchers and programs intended to monitor food security risks. This paper briefly reviews the conceptual and methodological literature on food insecurity measurement, describes a particular method for distinguishing and measuring short-term food insecurity at the household level, and discusses ways of generalizing the method. The method developed enumerates the frequency and severity of strategies relied on by urban households when faced with a short-term insufficiency of food. This method goes beyond more commonly-used measures of caloric consumption to incorporate vulnerability elements of food insecurity as...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42669

HOW DOES THE HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE HELP TO SHAPE THE FOOD AND NUTRITION POLICY RESEARCH AGENDA?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Oshaug,   Arne.
Food as a human right was first laid down 50 years ago in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The last 10 years, in particular, have witnessed an increased recognition of the importance of the human rights approach for designing policies and interventions that promote food and nutrition security, as evidenced by the highly visible role given to human rights at the 1996 World Food Summit. But, given that the design of effective policies and interventions is based on good analysis and information, what are the implications of the human rights approach for the food and nutrition policy research agenda? This is the question we address in this paper. We note several implications of the human rights perspective in terms of (1) new research areas, (2) new...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94855

THE IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC INVESTMENT FOR REDUCING RURAL POVERTY IN MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF THAILAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Jitsuchon,   Somchai; Methakunnavut,   Nuntaporn.
This study estimates the impacts of different types of government expenditure on agricultural growth and rural poverty in Thailand. The results show that, despite Thailand’s middle-income status, public investments in agricultural R&amp;D, irrigation, rural education, and infrastructure (including roads and electricity), still have positive marginal impacts on agricultural productivity growth and rural poverty reduction. Additional government spending on agricultural research and development improves agricultural productivity the most and has the second largest impact on rural poverty reduction. Investments in rural electrification reduce poverty the most and have the second largest growth impact. These two investments dominate all others and are win-win...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60171

Rural Poverty and China's Entry to WTO: Present Knowledge, Unresolved Issues and China's Policy Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Begins by considering trends in the incidence of rural poverty in China, comparing China and India. Although the incidence of rural poverty in China declined generally, such poverty is still a matter for concern, especially now that China has joined the WTO. There is concern about the possible impact of China’s WTO entry on its rural poverty and its ability to adopt policies to address it. Recent international studies of such poverty in China by bodies such as the World Bank, OECD, ADB and IFPRI are outlined and reviewed critically with these economic issues in mind. The most recent study by Anderson and others suggests that China’s agriculture will be forced to undertake more structural adjustment than forecast in earlier studies. The Chinese policies to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; China; Economic; Reform; Rural poverty; WTO; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105582

A REVIEW OF FOOD SECURITY AND HUMAN NUTRITION ISSUES IN NEPAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shively,   Gerald E.; Gars,   Jared; Sununtnasuk,   Celeste.
Nepal faces multiple development challenges, including chronic and widespread food insecurity and adult and child malnutrition. Due to population growth, agricultural stagnation and a range of institutional failures, the threat of a serious food crisis in Nepal is substantial. The recent scaling back of WFP assistance means that food security conditions in some parts of Nepal will undoubtedly worsen in the near future. This paper presents a brief review of topics and available evidence regarding food security, malnutrition and related subjects in Nepal. It is intended to document important source material and provide an overview of topics for non-specialists or those moving into new areas of concern.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Health; Nutrition; Nepal; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; I12; I31; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116190

Groundwater markets and water use efficiency: The case of Karnataka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deepak,   S.C.; Chandrakanth,   Mysore G.; Nagaraj,   N.
Research highlight based on a paper titled “Groundwater markets promoting efficiency in water use in agriculture in Karnataka.”
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water market; Groundwater extraction; Water use efficiency; Wells; Crop production; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Pricing; Models; Policy; India; Karnataka; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53070

Socioeconomic Distance as a Determinant of Female Autonomy and Child Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baylis,   Katherine R.; Kandpal,   Eeshani.
We quantify the impact of network-based learning and influence on measures of female power and child nutrition in rural India. Empowering women to have greater say in child rearing may generate greater and more lasting benefits to children than nutrition supplementation. While researchers have used proxy reports or correlates like caste to trace networks, we map networks by surveying friends of respondents. We use participation in a women's education program to identify increases in female power, as well as stronger and more diverse networks. We study the ways in which networks affect individuals, namely learning and influence. Finally, we characterize the benefits of using survey data rather than proxies to identify networks. Our results linking networks...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61666

Buyer Market Power and Vertically Differentiated Retailers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Shinn-Shyr; Rojas,   Christian; Lavoie,   Nathalie.
We consider a model of vertical competition where downstream firms (retailers) purchase an upstream input from a monopolist and are able to differentiate from each other in terms of quality. Our primary focus is to study the effects of introducing a large retailer, such as a Wal-Mart Supercenter, that is able to lower wholesale prices (i.e. buyer market power). We obtain two main results. First, the store with no buyer market power responds to the presence of the large retailer by increasing its quality, a finding that is consistent with recent efforts by traditional retailers to enhance shoppers’ buying experience (i.e. quality). Second, the presence of a large retailer causes consumer welfare to increase. There are, however, two reasons for the increase...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Buyer market power; Vertical differentiation; Wal-Mart; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Marketing; D43; L13; L81; M31; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57165

IFPRI PERSPECTIVES - Volume 23, 4th Quarter, 2001
Provedor de dados: 31
Headlines:  PROGRESA Breaks for Cycle of Rural Poverty; Education and Agricultural Research Reduce Rural Poverty in China; Crop Mix, Not Subsidies, Determines Fertilizer Use; Macroeconomic Shocks Affect Poverty, Income Distribution.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16509

Zambian Smallholder Behavioral Responses To Food Reserve Agency Activities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.
More than two decades after the initiation of agricultural market reforms in eastern and southern Africa (ESA), governments in the region are increasingly using parastatal grain marketing boards (GMBs) and/or strategic grain reserves (SGRs) to directly influence the prices faced by farmers and consumers (Jayne, Chapoto, and Govereh 2007). In Zambia, the government through the Food Reserve Agency, an SGR/GMB, purchased nearly 400,000 MT of maize from smallholders in 2006/07 and 2007/08, or more than 50% of the maize marketed by this group.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Smallholder; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120764

U.S. Food Aid and Agricultural Cargo Preference Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bageant,   Elizabeth R.; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Lentz,   Erin C.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/20/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Aid Policy; Cargo Preference; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61250

Food Aid Monetization in West Africa: How to Make It More Effective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Diskin,   Patrick K.; Estes,   Nancy.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads May 2008 - June 2009: 10.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11455

MALNUTRITION AND FOOD INSECURITY PROJECTIONS, 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garcia,   Marito.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16379

Journal Frontmatter
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes front cover and editorial information.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117943

Le marché de bestiaux du gouvernorat de Sidi Bouzid: un levier de développement rural du Centre tunisien
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Selmi,   Salah; Elloumi,   Mohamed; Allagui,   Leila; Chouaibi,   Walid.
L’élevage ovin est une activité traditionnelle dans toutes les régions de la Tunisie et surtout le Centre et le Sud. Sur le plan national et jusqu'à une date récente seule la viande bovine retenait l'attention des pouvoirs publics et les opérateurs privés. Face aux enjeux actuels de satisfaction des besoins du pays en viandes rouges et la mise à niveau de la filière des ovins, on assiste à un processus de développement du secteur qui connaît une restructuration du cheptel et une intensification de la production en intégrant les cultures fourragères ainsi qu’une mise à niveau des marchés de bestiaux. Dans le gouvernorat de Sidi Bouzid où l’élevage ovin occupe une place de choix dans l’économie régionale, les systèmes de production agricole connaîssent une...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52000

Food Insecurity and Vulnerability in Latin America and the Caribbean
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gordillo,   Gustavo; Winters,   Paul C.; Corral,   Leonardo.
This paper examines how Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) nations have proceeded in addressing the issues of food insecurity and vulnerability in response to the 1996 Rome Declaration on World Food Security. The data suggests that while the food insecurity situation has improved in LAC over the past few years, many nations are worse off in terms of food insecurity than they were at the beginning of the 1990s. Nations that reduced food insecurity tend to be those who have effectively reduced poverty and have increased social spending. While some regional initiatives have occurred to address regional food insecurity issues, additional national and international policy responses are required in the Latin American Region.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity; Vulnerability; Latin America and the Caribbean; World Food Summit; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12900

Access to Land, and Poverty Reduction in Rural Zambia: Connecting the Policy Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Zulu,   Ballard; Kajoba,   Gear; Weber,   Michael T.
It might be considered unlikely that inadequate access to                         land would be one of                         the major causes of rural poverty in Zambia. However,                         evidence presented in this paper                         shows that economically viable arable land is not in great                         abundance in Zambia after                         considering the current situation with respect to access to                         road infrastructure and access to                         services and markets. In fact, access to land is already a                         major problem for large segments of                         the rural population in Zambia. Moreover, depending of future...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: AGRICULTURE; ZAMBIA; LAND; POVERTY; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Q13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54493

Commercialisation des Céréales et Sécurité Alimentaire au Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Marthe; Deme,   Kadiatou; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Traore,   Abdramane; Staatz,   John M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cereal markets; Mali; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Q13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57066

International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Fan,   Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment; Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46015

A POLICY AGENDA FOR PRO POOR AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Kydd,   Jonathan; Morrison,   Jamie; Urey,   Ian.
Economic growth has been low and the incidence and numbers of poor people remain very high in some parts of the world, notably in sub Saharan Africa and some parts of South Asia. Projections for poverty reduction suggest that these regions are likely to continue to hold very large numbers of very poor rural people in the foreseeable future. Theoretical arguments and empirical evidence suggest that in poor agrarian economies both the processes of structural change within national economies and micro-economic relations within rural economies give agriculture (and particularly intensive cereal based growth) a pre-eminent and unique role in economic development and in poverty reduction. However, reliance on pro-poor agricultural growth as the main weapon...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10923

Assessing the Feasibility of Implementing the Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP) Through an Electronic Voucher System in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Bwalya,   Richard; Kamwanga,   Jolly; Wamulume,   Mukata.
A number of problems plague the current Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP), including: late delivery of inputs; distribution of standardized inputs that may not be appropriate for all agro-ecological zones or soil types; crowding out of private sector; poor targeting, and; high cost to the government treasury.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Poverty; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123210

Sen's Theory of Entitlement and the Deprivation of Females: An Assessment with Indian Illustrations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Roy,   Kartik C.; Ghose,   Ananda.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Amartya Sen; Economic deprivation; Female; Poverty; Economic status of women; Tribal Santals; India.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91375

RURAL POVERTY AND THE PROBLEM OF INCREASING FOOD PRODUCTION ON SMALL FARMS:  THE CASE OF COLOMBIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rochin,   Refugio I.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32210

A PROFILE OF POVERTY IN EGYPT: 1997
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Jolliffe,   Dean; Sharma,   Manohar P.
This paper presents a profile of poverty in Egypt for 1997. It assesses the magnitude of poverty and its distribution across geographic and socioeconomic groups, provides information on the characteristics of the poor, illustrates the heterogeneity among the poor, and helps identify empirical correlates of poverty. The poverty profile is constructed using data from the recently completed Egypt Integrated Household Survey, a nationwide, multiple-topic household survey, carried out by the International Food Policy Research Institute in coordination with the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation and the Ministry of Trade and Supply. Reference poverty lines that take into account regional differences in food and nonfood prices, age and composition of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94863

Ensuring Impact : Reaching the Poorest While Building Financially Self-Sufficient Institutions, and Showing Improvement in the Lives of the Poorest Families: Summary of Article Appearing in Pathways Out of Poverty: Innovations in Microfinance for the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simanowitz,   Anton; Walter,   Alice.
This paper is about microfinance and its contribution to the eradication of poverty for millions of the world's poorest people. The Millennium Development goals set a critical challenge of halving absolute poverty in the world by 2015.  Microfinance can make an important contribution to these goals by reducing income poverty, vulnerability, and empowering women to choose when and how to access other development services such as health and education.  Donors should invest in poverty-focused microfinance as a key part of their Millennium Development strategies. Practitioners should explore how to ensure that programs become more effective in working with the poorest.  The paper demonstrates the fallacy that microfinance cannot be an appropriate strategy for...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23745

Revisiting Malthus in Light of Agricultural Biotechnology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mock,   J.N.; Epperson,   James E.
While the population of the world is continually growing, there are doubts that the food supply will be sufficient to keep pace.  Although 14% of the world is undernourished today, an exponentially increasing population could be catastrophic if agricultural production lags too far behind.  This paper attempts to forecast agricultural yield given the recent advent of genetically modified crops as a means to see whether this technology has the potential to help supply the world with food in the future.  Through regression, a model was developed to make predictions of corn yields as a case study on how biotechnology might affect future agricultural production.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Yield; Future; Prediction; Model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45613

GHG Mitigation Policies in Livestock Sectors:  Competitiveness, Emission Leakage and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golub,   Alla A.; Henderson,   Benjamin B.; Hertel,   Thomas W.
Recent research on livestock’s role in climate change has raised awareness about contribution that livestock climate policies can make to global mitigation efforts, and has increased the likelihood that mitigation policies will eventually be imposed on the sector. This study investigates effects of GHG mitigation policies on livestock sectors emissions and production by regional sector under a range of global mitigation polices that are broadly aligned with the different responsibilities of developed and developing countries under the UNFCCC. The study also examines emission leakage effects, impacts on food security in developing countries, and the implications of large informal livestock sectors in regions such as Sub Saharan Africa.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; C68; Q15; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103425

WIC Infants Less Likely To Be Exclusively Breastfed
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiehen,   Laura.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121437

IS PROGRESA WORKING? SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS OF AN EVALUATION BY IFPRI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; McClafferty,   Bonnie.
Programa Nacional de Educacion, Salud y Alimentacion (PROGRESA) is one of the major programs of the Mexican government aimed at developing the human capital of poor households. Targeting its benefits directly to the population in extreme poverty in rural areas, it aims to alleviate current poverty through monetary and in-kind benefits, as well as reduce future levels of poverty by encouraging investments in education, health, and nutrition. This document summarizes 24 months of extensive research by the International Food Policy Research Institute designed to evaluate whether PROGRESA has been successful at achieving its goals. The evaluation analyzes what has been the impact of PROGRESA on education, health, and nutrition as well as in other areas, such...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16418

BIOPHYSICAL LIMITS TO GLOBAL FOOD PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Penning de Vries,   Frits W.T.; van Keulen,   Herman; Rabbinge,   R.; Luyten,   J.C.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16325

A Profile of the Eastern Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia.
The Eastern Cape agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 1.7% of the Eastern Cape value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 2.9% of the population in the Eastern Cape is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size and Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58051

IMPACTS OF LARGE SCALE EXPANSION OF BIOFUELS ON GLOBAL POVERTY AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cororaton,   Caesar B.; Timilsina,   Govinda R.; Mevel,   Simon.
This paper analyzes the impact of expansion in biofuels on the global economy, income distribution and poverty. It utilizes simulation results of two World Bank models: a global computable general equilibrium (CGE) model integrated with biofuels, land-use, and climate change modules, and a global income distribution model that utilizes household survey data of 116 countries. The first model simulates the effects over time of large scale expansion of biofuels on resource allocation, output prices, commodity prices, factor prices, and household income of the different countries and regions in the world. The second model uses these results recursively to calculate the impact on global income distribution and poverty. The results from the CGE model indicate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91279

Hedonic and Utilitarian Motives for Consumers’ Learning Processes: The GDA Food Label
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Puspa,   Jofi; Kuhl,   Rainer.
As one of the stimuli flows in the food market the GDA-labeling was established in 2007. The original concept of introducing this label was to provide information that may bring about more healthy eating patterns. Four years after launching it seems relevant to understand how well the consumers have adopted to that information. Consumer learning that occurs through exposure to external sources of information such as GDA-labeling can happen consciously or subconsciously, on a high involvement level or due to the presence of more conducive situation. Therefore understanding learning process and its substantiations such as utilitarian and hedonic motives are salient issues. This study has aims to understand learning process of GDA-label and to determine two...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Motivation; Nutrient-Labeling; Attitude; Intentional behavior; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116429

Front Materials
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes: Front Cover, Table of Contents, Editorial Information
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104625

SUSTENANCE AND SECURITY: AUSTRALIA’S MULTI-LAYERED APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Downer,   Alexander.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123862

FOOD SECURITY UPDATE: THE FOOD INDUSTRY'S RESPONSE TO ENSURING FOOD SECURITY AND SAFETY  (PowerPoint Presentation)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Applebaum,   Rhona S.
POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33506

Scaling up Kudumbashree--collective action for poverty alleviation and women's empowerment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kadiyala,   Suneetha.
This paper discusses the factors that enabled and constrained the scaling up of a multisectoral poverty alleviation program called Kudumbashree, initiated by the government of Kerala (GOK), India, in 1998 to eradicate poverty by 2008. It also discusses some potential threats to and trade-offs of scaling up Kudumbashree. This report draws primarily upon the available literature and qualitative data collected during a five-day visit to Kudumbashree in March 2003. In 1991, the GOK, along with UNICEF, initiated the Community-Based Nutrition Program (CBNP) in Alleppey town to improve the health and nutritional status of children and women. CBNP facilitated collective action by forming and developing the capacity of three-tiered community development societies...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Scaling up; Collective action; Poverty alleviation; Women; Empowerment; Community-driven development (CDD); Government policy; Gender; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60400

Monitoring of Public Spending in Agriculture in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chilonda,   Pius; Olubode-Awosola,   Femi; Minde,   Isaac J.; Njiwa,   Daniel; Govereh,   Jones.
Public resources are limited and have competing demands, hence prioritization will be critical. Policymakers want to know what public spending on agriculture sector will have the largest impact on the poor and how the resources should be allocated among the different sub-sectors. This brief examines the SADC region’s progress toward meeting the commitments made by African Heads of State and Government in the 2003 Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and Food Security to allocate at least 10 percent of national budgetary resources to agricultural sectors. Further, to build understanding of the challenges and opportunities facing governments as they strive to meet this target, the results of case studies of public expenditures on agriculture in Malawi and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Public spending; Agriculture; Southern africa; Malawi; Zambia; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51663

The Food versus Fuel Debate: Implications for Consumers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Harrison,   R. Wes.
The effects of biofuel production on commodity prices and their transmission to retail food prices are discussed. Factors driving higher commodity prices are tight global supplies and increased demand of corn ethanol in the short term. Evidence suggests that higher corn prices contribute to food price inflation for some food items. These include eggs, poultry, pork, beef and milk. The findings imply that food price inflation for these items is related to increased production of corn ethanol, primarily because of high oil prices. Higher oil prices also increase fuel and energy costs, which increase marketing costs for all food categories.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Food prices; Ethanol; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q420; Q130.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53094

DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-2BB: "FOOD DEMAND, FOOD POLICY, AND FOOD MARKET ISSUES"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jonk,   Yvonne.
These papers investigate issues in food demand, food processing, and food markets.  Policy issues are examined, both in the context of the food stamp program in the domestic market and the industrial policy options in the food sector in emerging Central European economies.  The Effect of an Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) System on Food Expenditure of Food Stamp Recipients: Evidence from the Maryland Statewide Implementation, J. William Levedahl. Incorporating Nutrients in Food Demand Analysis, Jonq-Ying Lee, Mark G. Brown, Rebecca H. Chung, Frank F. Chiang. Price Founded Tests for Market Integration: Fish Markets in France, Frank Asche,  Daniel V. Gordon, Rognvaldur Hannesson. A Dynamic Model of the Food Processing Sector in the New Market Economies of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20896

Gender analysis and reform of irrigation management: concepts, cases, and gaps in knowledge; Proceedings of the Workshop of Gender and Water, 15-19 September 1997, Habarana, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gender; Privatization; Irrigation management; Women in development; Property rights; Water scarcity; Developing countries; Agricultural production; Water resources; Water rights; Poverty; Policy; Economic aspects; Land tenure; Legislation; Rice; Water users' associations; Irrigated farming; Planning; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118416

CLIMATE CHANGE, AGRICULTURE AND POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.; Rosch,   Stephanie D.
Even though much has been written about climate change and poverty as distinct and complex problems, the link between them has received little attention. Understanding this link is vital for the formulation of effective policy responses to climate change. In this article, we focus on agriculture as a primary means by which the impacts of climate change are transmitted to the poor, and as a sector at the forefront of climate change mitigation efforts in developing countries. In so doing, we offer some important insights that may help shape future policies as well as ongoing research in this area.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91437

SIGNIFICANCE OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN WORLD ECONOMY AND POSITION OF HUNGARY IN IT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiss,   Istvan.
This article intends to introduce the significance of wheat production in world economy and role of Hungary in it on the basis of statistic database of FAO. Importance of wheat production in world economy is proven by its share of 15% from 1500 million hectares arable land in the world. This rate is equivalent to 225 million hectares of wheat area based on FAO figures for 2009. From its world economy significance viewpoint, on the basis of some significant features it sets order of ranks among wheat producing countries, accompanied by Hungary too. Setting of rank orders is based on the quantity of wheat produced by countries, cultivated area and exported, imported wheat quantity. As regards wheat export in 2008, Hungary was placed as 11. in the world while...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Plant production; Wheat; Quantity produced; Export; Import; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104650

EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS – SUPPORT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM AND RURAL AREAS IN SERBIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Subic,   Jonel; Vasiljevic,   Zorica; Ivanovic,   Sanjin.
The paper presents three mini-projects that have been implemented by The Institute of Agricultural Economics – Belgrade in the 2006–2008 period. Those were special educational projects in agriculture and rural development, whereas extension activities were concentrated onto three topics: farm management, support of rural development and improvement of small farms. Implementation of projects took place on the territory of the South Banat County and some Belgrade city communes. The projects intended to solve current problems of sustainable agriculture and rural development. Within the projects there were identified priorities related to investments, strategic planning and tourism. Educational activities were aimed at a number of holders or members of their...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Education; Rural areas; Tourism; Investments; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91114

Household Food Security in the United States, 2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-five percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2008, meaning that they had access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households (14.6 percent) were food insecure at least some time during the year, including 5.7 percent with very low food security—meaning that the food intake of one or more household members was reduced and their eating patterns were disrupted at times during the year because the household lacked money and other resources for food. Prevalence rates of food insecurity and very low food security were up from 11.1 percent and 4.1 percent, respectively, in 2007, and were the highest recorded since 1995, when the first national food security...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; SNAP; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55953

Invasive Species and Biosecurity: Cost of Monitoring and Controlling Mediterranean Fruit Flies in Florida
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pierre,   Raphael; Spreen,   Thomas H.; Moss,   Charles B.
The growing movement of people and goods that started in the closing years of the twentieth century has increased the possibility of the accidental or intentional introduction of biohazards that can affect agricultural production in the United States.  This study examines the ex ante decision between the deployment of monitoring devices (traps) versus the use of countermeasures to control Mediterranean fruit flies in Florida.  To examine this tradeoff, this study outlines a mathematical model to study the effectiveness of traps and the cost of treatment.  The empirical results presented in this study indicate that additional parameterization efforts are needed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biohazards; Conditional probability; Cost of eradication; Density functions; Food Security and Poverty; C60; Q12; Q57.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43770

A Global Hunger Index: Measurement Concept, Ranking of Countries, and Trends
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiesmann,   Doris M.
Progress in combating hunger and undernutrition has been lagging for decades. Best practices to fight hunger and undernutrition have been available for a long while, but lack of political will among leaders and a lack of political power among the poor have hampered their implementation. Since indices have proven to be powerful tools for advocacy and are able to capture multifaceted phenomena, the Global Hunger Index (GHI) was developed to increase attention to the hunger problem and mobilize the political will to speed up urgently needed progress in the fight against hunger. The GHI captures three dimensions of hunger: insufficient availability of food, shortfalls in the nutritional status of children, and child mortality, which is to a large extent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Hunger; Undernutrition; Child malnutrition; Child mortality; Food availability; Indicators; HIV/AIDS; Conflict; War; Developing countries; Countries in transition; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55891

Agriculture and poverty: Farming for food or farming for money?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
The dualistic nature of the South African economy manifests itself to a large extent in the agricultural sector, where ownership and access to land was previously reserved and is still mainly controlled by white farmers. This has contributed to the huge disparities in the income levels of black and white agricultural households. In this paper two South African household surveys are used to analyse agricultural inequality using various decomposition techniques. It is found that inequalities within agriculture are higher and more pronounced along racial lines than inequalities among non-agricultural households. Agricultural inequalities also differ structurally from those in the rest of society and are explained largely by differences in the ownership of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Poverty; Inequality; Household income sources; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10122

Unpacking the Links Between Women's Empowerment and Child Nutrition Evidence Using Nationally Representative Data From Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Menon,   Purnima; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Soundararajan,   Vidhya.
This paper examines the relationship between gender inequality and nutrition using direct indicators of empowerment such as mobility, decision-making power, and attitudes towards verbal and physical abuse. Our approach draws on the theory of the household as a utility maximizing unit that uses women’s status and characteristics as inputs to produce a final good, child health. Indices that capture distinct dimensions of women’s empowerment are used as explanatory variables along with controls for age and sex of the child, maternal height and education. Results from Logit models indicate that a greater degree of women’s empowerment is associated with better long term nutritional status of children. Attitudes towards domestic violence have a significant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Gender; Domestic violence; Empowerment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61273

Disability Is an Important Risk Factor for Food Insecurity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123999

Risk Analysis in Selected European and International Food Chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ameseder,   Christoph; Haas,   Rainer; Fritz,   Melanie; Schiefer,   Gerhard.
The purpose of this study is to assess and evaluate the most important risks in selected European and international food chains from the perspective of the buying company. The primary objective is to identify the “non-acceptable” risks in terms of damage potential and likelihood of occurrence of value chains in the sectors grain, meat, fruit and vegetable, and olive oil. Data was collected by each partner of the European research project “e-trust” (FP6-CT-2006-043056) by conducting 81 qualitative expert interviews with business leaders in Europe (Austria, Germany, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Spain) as well as in Brazil, Turkey, and the USA. The study focuses on a wider supply chain or network perspective for the risk assessment. Methodically the assessed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk; Risk analysis; Supply chain; Food; Risk map; Risk classification; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58708

Complementarities and differences in adoption: an application of hazard models to two technologies in Madagascar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Butler,   J.S.; Moser,   Christine M.
This paper explores the adoption of two agricultural technologies, how their patterns of adoption differ, and the relationship between them.  The first technology, the System of Rice Intensification, has been studied previously and high rates of disadoption were observed in some areas.  The second technology is off-season cropping, the practice of growing crops (primarily potatoes) in the rice fields during the winter season after the rice harvest.   The rates of adoption of off-season cropping were much higher than for SRI and very little disadoption was observed.  Through this study we are trying to understand the factors that might explain the differences in adoption and how the adoption of and experience with one technology affects the likelihood of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Hazard models; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61381

HOW FAR SHOULD THE GOVERNMENT GO IN PROVIDING A MINIMUM LEVEL OF NUTRITION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoagland,   G. William.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17588

Child Care Practices Associated with Positive and Negative Nutritional Outcomes for Children in Bangladesh: A Descriptive Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kumar Range,   Shubh K.; Naved,   Ruchira Tabassum; Bhattarai,   Saroj.
Children are the most vulnerable among the malnourished population of Bangladesh. Child and maternal care practices are now being considered as important complements to increasing household income or targeted food interventions to address child growth needs. In Bangladesh, as elsewhere, many children, even in poor households, do well nutritionally, whereas others do not. This study attempts to identify characteristics of the existing child and the maternal care environment that could be used as a basis for designing policies and programs to improve the nutritional status of children. For the present study, all children between 6-18 months of age were selected from a nutrition survey of a cross section of 741 households conducted by the IFPRI Bangladesh...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Health; Child Care; Human Growth; Children; Nutritional Status; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97297

THE FOOD FOR EDUCATION PROGRAM IN BANGLADESH: AN EVALUATION OF ITS IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; del Ninno,   Carlo.
The Government of Bangladesh launched the innovative Food for Education (FFE) program in 1993. The FFE program provides a free monthly ration of rice or wheat to poor families if their children attend primary school. The goals of this program are to increase primary school enrollment, promote attendance, reduce dropout rates, and enhance the quality of education. This paper presents the findings of a recent International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) evaluation of the FFE program that demonstrates the extent to which these goals were met. This evaluation uses primary data collected from multiple surveys covering schools, households, communities, and foodgrain dealers. The authors first examine the performance of the FFE program, showing that it...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16395

Características dos Agregados Familiares Rurais nas Zonas Afectadas pelas Cheias do Ano 2000 no Centro e Sul de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Arlindo,   Pedro; Weber,   Michael T.; Tschirley,   David L.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Rural households; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56040

Middlemen, Non-Profits, and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chau,   Nancy H.; Goto,   Hideaki; Kanbur,   Ravi.
In many markets in developing countries, especially in remote areas, middlemen are thought to earn excessive profits. Non-profits come in to counter what is seen as middlemen's market power, and rich country consumers pay a "fair-trade" premium for products marketed by such non-profits. This paper provides answers to the following five questions. How exactly do middlemen and non-profits divide up the market? How do the price mark up and price pass-through differ between middleman and non-profits? What is the impact of non-profits entry on the wellbeing of the poor? Should the government subsidize the entry of non-profits, or the entry of middlemen?  Should wealthy consumers in the North pay a premium for fair trade products, or should they support fair...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Middlemen; Non-profits; Poverty; Market Access; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis; F15; I32; L3.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55931

SUBSÍDIO À ELABORAÇÃO DA AGENDA 21 LOCAL: DIAGNÓSTICO PARTICIPATIVO DO BAIRRO DO BENFICA, FORTALEZA, CEARÁ
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garcia,   Maria De Fatima; Araujo,   Rogerio Cesar Pereira.
A grande concentração de pobreza nas principais metrópoles brasileiras originou aquilo que ficou conhecido como espaço dual: de um lado, a cidade formal, que concentra os investimentos públicos e, de outro, a cidade informal excluída dos benefícios equivalentes. Em razão das desigualdades sociais geradas por esse modelo de cidade, o conceito de gestão partilhada dos espaços públicos ganhou evidência, o qual tem como objetivo promover o desenvolvimento local sustentável. Neste sentido, este artigo apresenta os resultados do diagnóstico participativo do bairro do Benfica, em Fortaleza-CE, que se constitui na primeira etapa para a construção de uma Agenda 21 Local.-------------------------------The great concentration of poverty in the main Brazilian...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agenda 21; Diagnóstico participativo; Desenvolvimento local sustentável; Participative assessment; Sustainable local development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108157

LAND AND FOOD SUPPLY PROBLEMS IN BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aziz,   Fahima.
This paper will study the problems of food supply and analyze the reasons for the slow growth in the production of foodgrains [in Bangladesh].  The foodgrain distribution system will also be addressed and its role in the food shortage problem of Bangladesh.  Past evidence shows that landlordism has obstructed the incentives of the peasants and has depressed the maximum productivity of owner-operated farms.  This paper will briefly discuss the history of land reform and the measures undertaken to bring about tenancy reforms in Bangladesh.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13674

Road Development, Economic Growth, and Poverty Reduction in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Chan-Kang,   Connie.
In 1978, China initiated its economic and agricultural policy reforms. The ensuing rapid economic growth led to transportation shortages and congestion problems and increased the demand for roads. Since 1985 the government has given high priority to road development, particularly the construction of high-quality roads such as highways and freeways. While the construction of high-quality roads has taken place at a remarkably rapid pace, the construction of lower-quality and mostly rural roads has been slow. This study evaluates the contribution of roads to economic growth and poverty reduction in China. It disaggregates road infrastructure into different classes of roads to account for quality, and then estimates the impact of road investments on overall...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Roads; Economic aspects; China Infrastructure (Economics); Government policy; Rural poor; 1976–2000; China; Economic policy; 2000 conditions; Regional disparities; Economic conditions; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37892

Gender, Food Security and Livelihoods: The Case of Plan Ghana And Sissala
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bediako,   J.A.; Debrah,   Kofi.
The study was used by Plan International to formulate a common Nutrition Action Plan for its food and nutrition security interventions in developing countries. The aim was to get insight into the food and nutrition security as well as livelihoods status at the household and community level of the people of Sissala. Specifically the study focused on the contribution made by Plan interventions to improve livelihoods, the food and nutrition security of households and communities, the impact on gender and to identify indicators for monitoring and evaluation. The survey was carried out in three centrally placed communities selected to ensure an even coverage of Plan Ghana activities in the Sissala West District of Ghana. Data was collected at community and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Ghana; Livelihoods; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52180

Global Macroeconomic Developments and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonilla,   Eugenio Diaz.
In the second half of the 1990s, a series of developments led to a renewed academic and policy interest in the intersection of macroeconomic policy and poverty issues in developing countries. The focus of that work was domestic macroeconomic policies. This paper, however, focuses on the international dimension and discusses the links between global macroeconomic conditions and poverty in developing countries since the 1960s. Of course, when analyzing policy impacts, both domestic and international aspects must be considered. However, debates about domestic policies, macro or otherwise, and their impacts on poverty cannot provide an accurate analysis of developing countries’ alternatives and predicaments if they ignore the role, in many cases overwhelming,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Macroeconomics; Poverty; Development; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42324

Perception de la Dégradation des Terres et Adoption des Technologies de Conservation des Eaux et des Sols au Nord du Burkina Faso : le cas du Zaï et des Cordons Pierreux
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kinane,   Modeste  L.; Kone,   Michel; Sidibe,   Amadou.
This study is based on data collected from 141 family-type farms in the Yatenga province in Burkina Faso. A probit approach is used to analyze the effect of perception of land degradation and other factors on the adoption of zaï and stone rows. The results of the estimation show that the availability of organic matter from small ruminants is determinant for the adoption of both zaï and stone rows. Although most of farmers are aware of the causes and consequences of land degradation, this factor does not significantly impact on farmers’ decision to invest in SWC measures. Opportunities do exist for making more efficient use of local sources of nutrients, such as small ruminants’ organic matter in combination with locally accepted SWC measures. This may...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Technology adoption; Stone rows; Zai; Yatenga; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52192

MERCANTILIZAÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA E INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR NO SUL DO BRASIL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anjos,   Flávio Sacco dos; Caldas,   Nadia Velleda; Hirai,   Wanda Griep.
O artigo se propõe a estabelecer a conexão existente entre o processo de mercantilização na agricultura e a insegurança alimentar, considerando como base empírica pesquisa recente realiza no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O trabalho explora o tema do autoconsumo desde a perspectiva da agricultura familiar, baseando-se em dados e informações obtidos em estudo de caso realizado em quatro territórios da geografia gaúcha. Os autores buscam demonstrar que a mercantilização da agricultura e do meio rural afeta, em graus distintos, mas inexoravelmente, ao conjunto de famílias rurais. O padrão de desenvolvimento agroexportador promove a exacerbação da especialização regional e mantém submetidas as explorações a uma dinâmica no qual o objetivo essencial passa a ser a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar; Mercantilização; Insegurança alimentar; Family farming; Mercantilization; Food insecurity; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113195

AN EVALUATION OF ETHNICITY AND LINGUISTIC BACKGROUNDS AS WIC FOOD SELECTION DETERMINANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matthews,   James R.
The federally funded Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program issues redeemable food instruments (or vouchers) to low-income mothers and their small children who demonstrate nutritional need. Not all such food instruments are actually redeemed. Both ethnicity and home language preferences were found to be significantly correlated with individuals’' WIC food instrument redemption likelihood. However, these correlations provided little indication that any food type (except cheese for Asians) is more or less culturally acceptable to any particular ethnic or language group. Regardless of ethnicity, persons who show English as their family language preference tend to have lower food instrument redemption rates than do those who prefer to speak any other...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27408

Being Poor, Feeling Poorer: Combining Objective and Subjective Measures of Welfare in Albania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carletto,   Calogero; Zezza,   Alberto.
As shown empirically for many transition economies, even small changes in assumptions on economies of size and adult equivalence scales are likely to produce significant changes in the analysis of poverty and its distribution across households and individuals. Since such exercises are then used to orient and prioritize policy actions (e.g. the targeting of scarce social assistance resources) it is important to refine our understanding of the extent to which poverty measures and the resulting profiles are sensitive to specific assumptions. In this paper we investigate how combining objective and subjective measures of welfare can provide insights that are helpful in addressing these questions, particularly with respect to the presence of economies of scale...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Poverty Measurement; Subjective Poverty; Equivalence Scales; Economies of Scale in Consumption; Albania.; Food Security and Poverty; I31; I32; O52; D60.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23801

2008 Farm Act Makes It Easier for Food Assistance Households To Save
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andrews,   Margaret S.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122817

Deregulation of the Maize Marketing System of Swaziland and Implications for Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mashinini,   Nkosazana N.; Obi,   Ajuruchukwu; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
Recent shortfalls in the supply of maize in the Kingdom of Swaziland have exacerbated the country's growing food insecurity and led to fresh calls for full deregulation of the maize marketing system. The proponents of deregulation believe that it eliminates inefficient production and service units by transferring resources to their best alternative uses. While the theoretical foundations for that position are not questionable, no studies have to date explicitly investigated the effects of the current arrangements and the potential effects of full deregulation. This paper reports on a study that examined the welfare effects of the regulation of the country's maize industry and considered the likely impacts of full deregulation of the industry. Using a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; D6; F13; I3; L5; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25511

Effect of NAFTA on Mexico's Income Distribution in the Presence of Migration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garduno-Rivera,   Rafael.
This paper asks how NAFTA affected income distribution within Mexico considering changes in internal migration. Trade liberalization should theoretically increase the income of low-skilled workers in low-skilled labor-abundant developing countries. Thus, by increasing the wages of poorer workers, one might expect that trade will decrease income disparity. However, anecdotal evidence indicates that NAFTA increased the gap between rich and poor in Mexico. Understanding the distributional effects of NAFTA on regional income is particularly important in countries with high levels of geographic inequality, such as Mexico. Because trade may affect wages differently across regions within the country, accurate trade welfare measures must incorporate intra-national...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income Distribution; Regional Disparities; Trade Liberalization; Internal-Migration; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61895

The Distribution Of Child Nutritional Status Across Countries And Over Time
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Chen,   Susan E.; Masters,   William A.
Malnutrition is manifested in various degrees of both underweight and overweight, with large differences and rapid changes in their prevalence and severity.  This paper introduces a new approach to characterizing the distribution of a population’s nutritional status, to help analyze changes in that distribution over time and across countries.  Our method draws on the poverty literature to construct Foster-Greer-Thorbecke measures for the incidence and severity of under- and overweight, based on deviations in either direction from the median of a healthy population.  We apply this median-based measure to the nutritional status of over 400,000 preschool children, as measured in 130 DHS surveys covering 53 countries over a period from 1986 to 2006.  Unlike...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6167

THE EFFECTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SMALLGROUP AND TREE PLANTING PROGRAM ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN NYERI DISTRICT, KENYA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kinuthia,   Emmanuel K.
Household poverty and food insecurity in Kenya is a major challenge especially in rural areas. The situation has been exacerbated by poor economic performance, nationwide drought and the global financial crisis. Nevertheless, numerous efforts are being made both by the government and non-governmental organizations to mitigate the situation in rural areas notably in Nyeri district which is a relatively poor district in central province with poverty rate standing at 30% (CBS, 2008). Nyeri district has been a target of a non-governmental organization, The International Smallgroup and Tree Planting Program (TIST). Its objective is to help locals increase their income and conserve environment by planting trees. Farmers are increasingly joining the program...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117709

DIETARY DIVERSITY AS A FOOD SECURITY INDICATOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoddinott,   John; Yohannes,   Yisehac.
Household food security is an important measure of well-being. Although it may not encapsulate all dimensions of poverty, the inability of households to obtain access to enough food for an active, healthy life is surely an important component of their poverty. Accordingly, devising an appropriate measure of food security outcomes is useful in order to identify the food insecure, assess the severity of their food shortfall, characterize the nature of their insecurity (for example, seasonal versus chronic), predict who is most at risk of future hunger, monitor changes in circumstances, and assess the impact of interventions. However, obtaining detailed data on food security status—such as 24-hour recall data on caloric intakes—can be time consuming and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16474

SCHOOL SUBSIDIES FOR THE POOR: EVALUATING A MEXICAN STRATEGY FOR REDUCING POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schultz,   T. Paul.
This paper assesses how the Programa Nacional de Educacion, Salud, y Alimentacion (PROGRESA) program has affected the school enrollment of Mexican youth in the first 15 months of its operation. PROGRESA provides poor mothers in poor rural communities with education grants, if their children attend school regularly. Enrollment rates are compared between groups of poor children who reside in communities randomly selected to participate in the initial phase of the PROGRESA program and those who reside in other comparably poor (control) communities. Preprogram comparisons document how well the randomized design is implemented, and double-differenced estimators are reported over time within this panel of children. Probit models are then estimated for the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16409

THE ROLE OF LABELLING IN CONSUMERS’ FUNCTIONAL FOOD CHOICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zou,   Ning Ning (Helen); Hobbs,   Jill E.
Given the credence nature of functional food attributes labelling plays a key role in allowing consumers to make informed choices about foods with enhanced health attributes. The degree to which a particular jurisdiction permits health claims for food products and the type of allowable health claim influence the information set available to consumers. In Canada the regulatory environment governing health claims for functional food products is somewhat more restrictive than in other jurisdictions, including the United States. Food manufacturers therefore also use visual imagery to suggest a health benefit, such as the picture of a red heart to imply that a product has heart health benefits. The paper characterizes these labelling strategies as “partial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discrete choice experiment; Latent class model; Health; Labelling; Omega-3; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116421

MARKETING CHARACTERISTICS OF TOKAJWINE SPECIALITIES BASED ON FACTOR AND CLUSTER ANALYSES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karpati,   Laszlo; Szakal,   Zoltan.
The marketing kind of analysis in the domestic and international markets of Tokaj’s wine speciality has not happened yet. The present research scientific method supportedly defines the consumers of Tokaj’s wine speciality and it determinates the overlay receipt. The basis of the questionnaire research at the wine consumers cirlce is a representative sample of 1179 people. It confirms the truthfulness with factos and cluster dissection. On the hungarian market 5 sections can be devided, which has been determined by the earning category, the wine savvy and the referene price interval. TokajWine Specialities named “late vintage” are also available. This name can be confusing for the consumer, some do not understand in what they differ from other Tokaj Wine...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Marketing Characteristics; Tokaj Wine; Specialities; Factor Analyses; Cluster Analyses; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53552

Trade Policy Reforms in the Cereals Sector of the SADC Region: Implications on Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mutambatsere,   Emelly.
This study evaluates the welfare implications of tariff reforms in the cereals sector of the SADC region. Applying the global simulation model (GSIM), a multi-country partial equilibrium model, to the cereals industries of thirteen SADC countries, the study computes price and welfare effects of tariff reforms on different economic groups in each coun try, and evaluates responsiveness to external supply shocks. Results indicate that on net, elimination of intra-regional tariffs is welfare reducing for the region - a robust result as ind icated by the sensitivity tests. South Africa emerges as the sole beneficiary of intra-regional tariff elimination, with positive net welfare gains attained through higher producer surplus; whereas the rest of SACU...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tariff reforms; SADC; Cereals markets; GSIM model; Welfare effects; Trade diversion; Food security; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25380

DOES FOOD SAFETY CONFLICT WITH FOOD SECURITY? THE SAFE CONSUMPTION OF FOOD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kinsey,   Jean D.
This paper concludes by saying no, food safety and security reinforce each other. It combines food safety and food security into the concept of  "safe food consumption." Unsafe food consumption occurs when food contains known substances that lead to short or long term illness or death (botulism) and suspect substances that are believed to lead to delayed diseases (pesticides). It also occurs when hunger or over eating contribute to long-term illness and shorter life expectancy.     The costs of illnesses related to obesity are six to fourteen times as great as the costs attributed to food born illnesses caused by microbial contamination. The implications for health care costs due to Type 2 Diabetes alone make this a health crisis in slow motion.   Obesity...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14326

A Preliminary Assessment of the Potential Role of Information and Communication Technology in Support of Poverty Alleviation Policies for Rural Populations--AGRI-ICT Project Report
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bourgeois,   Robin.
This working paper summarizes the results of a structured collective exercise where participants first presented their country reports and experience. A cross-country comparison was then conducted, item by item in order to identify common and specific problems. A brainstorming approach enabled to discuss possible solutions and strategies to be further tailored for each country. Finally, in a follow up step these strategies were synthesized into a more comprehensive framework intended to provide basic guidelines for other Asian and Pacific countries in the field of ICT to support decision-making for poverty alleviation in rural areas where poor populations rely on the CGPRT sector.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Information technology; Information services; Training programmes; Food Security and Poverty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32660

ANTI-POVERTY DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD STAMP PROGRAM BENEFITS: A PROFILE OF 1975 FEDERAL PROGRAM OUTLAYS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kletke,   Marilyn G.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30534

FOOD AID TO NEEDY COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Witt,   Lawrence.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17541

METTRE FIN A LA FAMINE EN AFRIQUE: SEULS LES PETITS AGRICULTEURS PEUVENT Y PARVENIR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Michael; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16176

Working-Age Adult Mortality, Orphan Status, and Child Schooling in Rural Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
During the last decade, the Zambian government has dramatically increased expenditures on primary and secondary schooling, and enrollment rates have risen dramatically. At the same time, Zambia has faced the challenge of rising HIV prevalence and the possibility that recent gains in long-term human capital development could be eroded if households which suffer the death of a working-age (WA) adult pull their children out of school due to family labor shortages or financial constraints. This paper uses panel survey data from rural Zambia to measure the impact of WA adult mortality and morbidity on primary school attendance and school advancement, and separately tests the extent to which orphan status affects these schooling outcomes. There are five...
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Adult Mortality; Orphan; Schooling; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120740

Rural development as provision of local public goods: Theory and evidence from Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramzow,   Andreas.
Since the beginning of the 1990s a new rural development policy, which has later been called the "new rural paradigm" by the OECD, has received increasing attention in the European Union (EU) and elsewhere. It is expected that these policy measures attenuate social and economic problems in rural areas on a broader basis than the agricultural sector alone. They support local stakeholders like non-governmental organizations, local governments and local businesses in implementing local development strategies that are based on endogenous potentials and spatial interaction. Polish rural inhabitants, suffering among many other issues, from a lack of nonagricultural jobs, an unfavorable business environment and an insufficient public infrastructure, pinned high...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92313

Input Use and Conservation Investments among Farm Households in Rwanda: Patterns and Determinants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clay,   Daniel C.; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Mpyisi,   Edson; Reardon,   Thomas.
One of the Government of Rwanda’s key post-war policy objectives has been to increase agricultural productivity and ensure food security by promoting a transition from semi-subsistence production and marketing practices to intensive production and highly commercialized agricultural markets. The government wants farmers to increase land and labor productivity through the use of modern inputs, thereby generating substantial surpluses which can be sold to pay for inputs and generate increases in farm incomes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Rwanda; Inputs; Conservation; Households; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q12.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57053

POLICY OPTIONS TO STABILIZE FOOD SUPPLIES: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHERN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trueblood,   Michael A.; Shapouri,   Shahla; Henneberry,   Shida Rastegari.
For the southern Africa region, both a grain stocking program and an import insurance program would have reduced food supply variability more than historical food aid during 1970-95. The stocking program and the import insurance program would have been less expensive than food aid from a donor point of view. These options may be attractive policy alternatives for donors and countries in other regions, given the decline in food aid budgets in recent years and projections of rising global food gaps.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Supply stabilization; Food aid; Southern Africa Development Community (SADC); Grain stocks; Import insurance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33703

Analysis of consumer habits and attitudes on the Hungarian beef and rabbit market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szakaly,   Zoltan; Szigeti,   Orsolya; Szente,   Viktoria.
As a consortium partner the authors took part in a research project aiming at the development of high added value, healthy and environment friendly animal products. From among the products developed by the consortium (rabbit meat, omega3-fatty acid enriched beef, goose liver from non forcible feeding, selenium-, vitamin-E and natural color enriched eggs) the present study describes the results concerning beef and rabbit meat. The given products are chosen because they are produced in and exported from Hungary in considerable quantities and their competitiveness can be further improved. In order to able to map the consumer preferences a 300 count nationwide, representative, questionnaire based survey was designed and performed. Actual products were tested...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Rabbit; Consumer preferences and attitudes; Nutritional benefits; Consumption frequency; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49229

POVERTY AND THE DETERIORATION OF NATURAL SOIL CAPITAL IN THE PERUVIAN ALTIPLANO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinton,   Scott M.; Quiroz,   Roberto.
The most severe challenges to sustainable development occur where many poor people struggle to eke out a living from marginal lands.  In some cases, high human populations on fragile lands have led agricultural productivity to deteriorate (García-Barrios and García-Barrios, 1990, Mink, 1993, Zimmerer, 1993), but likewise intensification in some locales has led to sustainable productivity increases (Boserup, 1965, Tiffen, et al., 1994).  These mixed results beg closer inquiry, in order to understand how contrary outcomes can come about.  For the context of Peru's chilly high plain surrounding Lake Titicaca, this paper examines changes in the stock of natural capital in agricultural soils, how that came about, and what policy tools might contribute to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11693

The Building Block Simulation Approach to Program Assessment: The Case of Agriculture Canada's Meat Hygiene Program, 1970-1984
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brinkman,   George L.
For many decades a major emphasis in public policy has been the assurance of food safety and security. Measurement of the economic returns to these programs is often difficult and challenging. In many cases the difficulty in obtaining data and the sheer complexity of the issues make the use of traditional econometric and programming approaches impractical for assessing these activities. This paper presents a summary of an innovative method for measuring benefits and costs of hard-to-assess programs and activities, such as those that deal with food safety, meat inspection and quality assurance. The building block approach described here for measuring benefits and costs was developed as an alternative method for measuring returns to meat inspection,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45732

INSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO ALLEVIATE RURAL POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gilmour,   C. Edwin.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1968
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17860

Measuring Irrigation Water Efficiency with a Stochastic Production Frontier: An Application for Citrus Producing Farms in Tunisia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhehibi,   Boubaker; Lachaal,   Lassaad; Elloumi,   Mohamed; Messaoud,   Emna B.
The objective of this paper is to propose an alternative measure of irrigation water efficiency based on the concept of input- specific technical efficiency, which contracts with measures previously used in the literature. The proposed methodology is applied to a randomly selected sample of 144 citrus growing farms located in Nabeul (Tunisia). A stochastic production frontier approach, based on Battese and Coelli’s (1995) inefficiency effect model, is used to obtain farm-specific estimates of technical and irrigation water efficiency. In addition, a second-stage regression approach is used to identify the factors influencing irrigation water efficiency differentials across citrus growing farms. Results indicate that technical efficiency ranges from a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Citrus; Efficiency; Tunisia; Water; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52166

THE POTENTIAL OF TECHNOLOGY TO MEET WORLD FOOD NEEDS IN 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oram,   Peter A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16330

A Life Case of Hardwick, Vermont - Approach to Improve Long Term Sustainability for Small and Medium-Sized Farms and Rural Communities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liang,   Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen).
This paper presents a success story of a rural community adopting multifunctional farm operation to achieve long term sustainability and profitability.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional farm operation; Food system; Local food; Hardwick Vermont; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Q0.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103687

Future Food Scarcities? Global Causes, Local Consequences, October  23, 2008, University of Minnesota, Summary
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ghosh,   Koel; Rush,   Jeff; Kinsey,   Jean D.; Jore,   Lisa.
On October 23, 2008, The Food Industry Center in collaboration with the Center for International Food and Agricultural Policy presented the symposium, “Future Food Scarcities? Global Causes, Local Consequences.” Leaders from the food industry, academia and the public sector discussed the causes and consequences of rising food prices and their impact on food supplies, food companies, consumption, health and public policy in the United States and around the globe.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47507

THE ECONOMICS OF POVERTY AND THE POVERTY OF ECONOMICS:  A CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.
In this world of plenty, almost half of the world's six billion people live on two dollars a day or less and the number living on less than one dollar a day has increased over the past fifteen years (World Bank 2000). Between one third and one half suffer under nutrition due to insufficient intake of calories, protein or critical micronutrients such as vitamin A, iodine and iron. More than one child in five lives in acute poverty. Why does such unnecessary injustice continue to disfigure a rich, technologically advanced world and what can be done to care for the poor and thereby to care for and honor God, as the Gospels instruct us?  In attempting to answer those questions, at least partly, this paper offers some insights from recent research in economics,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; O1; I1; A1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14747

Free-riders or victims:  Women's nonparticipation in irrigation management in Nepal's Chhattis Mauja Irrigation Scheme.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zwarteveen,   Margreet Z.; Neupane,   Nita.
Examines multiple factors in women's involvement/non-involvement in irrigation in the Chhattis Mauja irrigation scheme in Nepal. Includes an empirical analysis of the livelihood strategies of farm households, documentation of the level and nature of participation of women and men in the water users' organizations, analysis of women's access to irrigation services, and an examination of the need and desirability of increasing the participation of woman in the scheme organization.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Farmer-managed irrigation systems; Irrigation programs; Privatization; Water users' associations; Irrigated farming; Irrigation canals; Water delivery; Water allocation; Water distribution; Maintenance; Gender; Women in development; Farmers; Female labor; Agricultural manpower; Households; Family labor; Living standards; Social aspects; Agricultural production; Villages; Social organization; Performance evaluation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52731

Biosecurity, Terrorism, and Food Consumption Behavior: Using Experimental Psychology to Analyze Choices Involving Fear
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.; Wansink,   Brian; Turvey,   Calum G.
How would a possible food safety scare influence food consumption? Using techniques from experimental psychology, a study of 103 lunchtime participants suggests that a food scare--avian influenza--would decrease consumption of the affected food by 17% if the subjects believed it was naturally occurring, and by 26% if they believed it was the result of terrorism. While individual consumption decreased, very few eliminated all consumption of the affected food. We argue that experimental psychology is essential when attempting to study behavior in food safety where hypothetical scenarios and surveys would not capture the emotional nature of the response.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Experimental psychology; Food safety; Terrorism; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50085

Household Food Security in the United States, 2004
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.
Eighty-eight percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2004, meaning that they had access, at all times, to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households were food insecure at least some time during that year. The prevalence of food insecurity rose from 11.2 percent of households in 2003 to 11.9 percent in 2004, and the prevalence of food insecurity with hunger rose from 3.5 percent to 3.9 percent. This report, based on data from the December 2004 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure households participated in Federal and community...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33596

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF POVERTY AND INCOME INEQUALITY IN RURAL WEST VIRGINIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Sousa,   Semoa C.B.; Gebremedhin,   Tesfa G.; Smith,   Dennis K.; Colyer,   Dale.
Ordinary and two-stage least square regressions were used to examine the major determinants of poverty and income inequality with cross-sectional data of 38 rural counties of West Virginia. The empirical findings confirm the possibility of simultaneity between poverty and income inequality and poverty level is the main determinant of increased levels of income inequality. The proportions of population in welfare, population of age 65 or older, female-headed households, people unemployed, and the level of inequality contributed to increased poverty levels. The proportion of employment shares in finance, insurance and real estate, and per capita income contributed to reduced poverty levels. But, per capita income, the proportion of human capital stock, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20536

Food Calorie Intake under Grain Price Uncertainty: Evidence from Rural Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pan,   Suwen; Fang,   Cheng; Rejesus,   Roderick M.
This study evaluates the effects of grain output price uncertainty on the farm income of rural households and, consequently, how this uncertainty influences caloric intake through changes in farm income. Using a rural household data set, augmented with output price uncertainty measures calculated from historical time-series data, we find that grain output price uncertainty tends to decrease crop production income of rural households. In addition, we find that higher crop income from production increases calorie intake of rural households. Taken together, these results suggests  that output price uncertainty during the production process may tend to reduce caloric intake of rural Nepalese households since the price uncertainty negatively affects the crop...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Calorie Intake; Price Uncertainty; Nepal; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; D12; O13; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6198

Indicators
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   John; Andrews,   Margaret S.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122870

UNCOMMON OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY: AN AGENDA FOR SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16364

Can the world feed itself? Some insights from growth theory
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Irz,   Xavier T.; Roe,   Terry L.
This paper develops a two-sector growth model incorporating the essential distinguishing features of agriculture, including the reliance of production on a natural resource base as well as on industrially produced inputs, the low income elasticity of demand for food and the life-sustaining function of food consumption. In this framework, the ability of an economy to supply an adequate supply of food to a growing population can be related to the existence of a steady state. This property is used to define a simple analytical criterion upon which to assess the long-term food situation of a closed economy. This sustainability condition relates all the dynamic parameters of the economy: rates of technological change in the two sectors, rate of population...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54213

Malawi’s Maize Marketing System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Ricker-Gilbert,   Jacob; Mangisoni,   Julius H.
National food security in Malawi depends on improving the performance of maize markets. Ensuring that grain is consistently available at tolerable prices is crucial for consumers’ food security. At the same time, surplus producing farmers need to receive farm-gate prices consistently above production costs to intensify the use of fertilizer and other productivity enhancing technologies in a sustainable manner. These concerns give rise to the classic food price dilemma for policy makers in Malawi: how to keep prices low enough to ensure low income consumers’ access to food while keeping prices high enough to promote farm production incentives. These tensions cannot be avoided but they can be relieved through reducing food marketing margins, which shrink the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Malawi; Maize; Marketing; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62162

WHAT THE RESEARCH SAYS ABOUT SPATIAL VARIATIONS IN FACTORS AFFECTING POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mosley,   Jane M.; Miller,   Kathleen K.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18922

Evaluating the Cost of Poverty Alleviation Transfer Programs: An Illustration Based on PROGRESA in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.; Perez,   Raul; Vera-Illamas,   Hadid.
One of the common criticisms of poverty alleviation programs is that the high share of administrative (nontransfer) costs substantially reduces the programs’ impact on poverty. But very little empirical evidence exists on program costs. For example, a recent extensive international review of targeted poverty alleviation programs in developing countries could find data on costs for only 32 out of the 111 program reviewed. Even then, the numbers available were not always comparable. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the cost structure of a program recently introduced in Mexico, called PROGRESA. Our analysis shows how cost data can be used as the basis for an evaluation of the cost efficiency of anti-poverty programs. It cautions, however, that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cost efficiency; Poverty alleviation; Human capital; Mexico; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59284

Conflict, Aid and Poverty: Cause, Effect and Prediction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kibriya,   Shahriar R.; Bessler,   David A.; Price,   Edwin; Sen Gupta,   Rajorshi.
Recent studies and reports suggest that foreign aid/intervention has been somewhat futile in eradicating conflict. In this study, we develop a simultaneous donor/recipient model of foreign aid and terrorism. Thereafter, we extend our theoretical propositions through a machine learning algorithm of inductive causation. We find that terrorism increases foreign aid, however foreign assistance is futile in mitigating terrorism. Additionally, socio-economic factors influence foreign aid given by the donors. But foreign assistance is unsuccessful in enhancing the livelihoods of the underprivileged. We conclude that foreign aid policies need to be more efficient.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61898

The Doha Round and Food Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach: Technical Annex
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leudjou,   Roland R.
This document is the technical annex to the full paper “The Doha Round and Food  Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach”  which is available separately.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123134

Food Security and Biofuels Development: The Case of China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dong,   Fengxia.
Biofuels production is expanding rapidly all over the world, driven by rising crude oil prices, the desire of countries to be energy independent, and concerns about climate change. As developed countries, especially the United States, are expanding biofuels production, developing countries are expanding their biofuels industries as well, to power their growing economies. However, developing countries must address the food security issue when they develop biofuels. As China is a developing country with rapid economic growth, population growth, significant demand for fuels, and food security concerns, it serves as a good example for studying the opportunities and challenges faced by developing countries under current conditions. This study analyzes the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Food security; China; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7699

Philippine Rice and Rural Poverty: An Impact Analysis of Market Reform Using CGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cororaton,   Caesar B.
This paper looks at how Philippine trade reform which consists of tariff reduction and elimination of quantitative restrictions (QR) on rice imports will affect poverty within two world trade scenarios: Doha and free world trade. The impact of Doha is very small and generates biased effects against agriculture. The impact of Philippine trade reform within the Doha agenda magnifies this biased effect, making rural households worse-off compared to urban households. However, eliminating rice QR generates a set of effects where consumer price reduction dominates nominal income decline. Thus, real income improves and poverty declines across household groups, but the net effects are lower in rural than in urban households. The impact of a free world trade...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rice; Impact analysis; Agriculture; Poverty; Computable general equilibrium CGE; Trade reform; Doha agreement; Free trade; Rural households; Urban households; Consumer prices; Philippines; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; F1; I3; N5; O5; Q0; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58578

Low-Income Countries Are Most Responsive to Income and Food Price Changes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muhammad,   Andrew; Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121015

ACHIEVING FOOD SECURITY IN A COST EFFECTIVE WAY: IMPLICATIONS OF DOMESTIC DEREGULATION AND REFORM UNDER LIBERALIZED TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jha,   Shikha; Srinivasan,   P.V.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16134

A Typology of Food Security in Developing Countries under High Food Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; You,   Liangzhi; Fan,   Shenggen.
The recent surge in food prices around the world may reverse the gains of reducing hunger and poverty in the recent years. This paper employs factor and sequential typology analysis using data for 175 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to four measures of food security: utilization, availability, accessibility and stability. Nine indicators are used for this study: calories intake, protein intake, fat intake, food production, the ratio of total exports to food imports, soil fertility, length of growing period, coefficient of variation of length of growing period and urbanization. The analysis first identifies 5 distinct food security groups characterized by food intake then further split these groups based on similarities and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Factor analysis; Agricultural potential; Typology; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C0; F0; O1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51043

MEASURING CAPACITY AND WILLINGNESS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION IN FRAGILE STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Michael; Branchflower,   Andrew; Moreno-Torres,   Magui; Besancon,   Marie.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12820

Are Staple Foods Becoming More Expensive For Urban Consumers In Eastern And Southern Africa? Trends in Food Prices, Marketing Margins, and Wage Rates in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Donovan,   Cynthia; Chapoto,   Antony.
The world food and financial crises threaten to undermine the real incomes of urban consumers in eastern and southern Africa. This study investigates patterns in staple food prices, wage rates, and marketing margins for urban consumers in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia between 1993 and 2009. There is high correlation among wage rate series for various government and private sector categories. We find that average formal sector wages rose at a faster rate than retail maize meal and bread prices in urban Kenya and Zambia between the mid-1990s and 2007. Although the 2007/08 food price crisis partially reversed this trend, the quantities of staple foods affordable per daily wage in urban Kenya and Zambia during the 2008/09 marketing season were still...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Food security; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Q11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53451

BIOFORTIFICATION, AN ALTERNATIVE TO REDUCE FOOD INSECURITY AND ITS ADVERSE EFFECTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A HONDURAS CASE STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perez Suarez,   Salomon.
Food insecurity can generate nutritional problems such as iron deficiency anemia, which in countries like Honduras is a moderate public health problem. The AgroSalud project is enhancing the iron content of beans and rice in order to improve the iron intake of vulnerable groups, especially children under five years and pregnant women. Iron- biofortified rice and beans together can reduce the deficit in iron intake by more than a 100% depending on the age group, farmer adoption and other variables. This, in turn, would increase the number of healthy (disability-adjusted life years, DALYs) years that the Honduran population could live.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Biofortification; Iron; Rice; Beans; Honduras; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Z00.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116449

Orange-Flesh Sweet Potato - Promising Partnerships for Assuring the Integration of Nutritional Concerns into Agricultural Research and Extension
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Low,   Jan W.; Uaiene,   Rafael N.; Andrade,   Maria Isabel; Howard,   Julie A.
Research Results from the Department of Policy Analysis MARD-Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Sweet potato; Malnutrition; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55215

Using Rural Household Income Survey Data to Inform Poverty Analysis: An Example from Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Walker,   Thomas S.; Boughton,   Duncan; Tschirley,   David L.; Pitoro,   Raul; Tomo,   Alda.
This paper demonstrates that income survey data can be very informative in explaining the variation across households in the incidence and severity of absolute poverty using a rural household income data set for Mozambique. Results from regression analysis of the sources of variation are used to simulate the impact of alternative agricultural interventions or strategies on rural poverty. Complementarities in the insights gained from consumption expenditure and income surveys may justify the collection and analysis of both types of information, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, the one region of the world where the incidence of poverty is increasing.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty analysis; Household income surveys; Agricultural development; Millenium Development Goals; Mozambique; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; C21; I3; O13; O2; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25676

DISCUSSION: FOOD STAMPS: PROGRAM PARAMETERS AND STANDARDS OF LIVING FOR LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hiemstra,   Stephen J.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30229

Impact of Tax Reforms on Household Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matovu,   John Mary; Twimukye,   Evarist P.; Nabiddo,   Winnie; Guloba,   Madina.
The Uganda government has since 1987 initiated a sequence of tax reforms to address the fiscal challenges facing the country. This paper uses a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to analyze the welfare effects of tax reforms on households and the impact of these challenges on production and firm activities. The findings are consistent with previous studies which found that the introduction of VAT was indeed a progressive policy reform. Zero rating all food items and agricultural products mainly benefit the low income households whose consumption basket is mainly food items. In a quest for further sources of revenue by overtaxing the rich, this could generate further revenues albeit lower savings and investments by this group. Finally, over-reliance...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE); Twimukye; Nabiddo; Taxation; Tax base; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54801

Staple food prices in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tanzania; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58555

FOOD AND NUTRITION IN HYDERABAD. Current Knowledge and Priorities for Action in an Urban Setting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Natalia; Garrett,   James L.; Vardhan,   Vishnu.
This report provides an overview of the food and nutrition security situation in the city of Hyderabad. The empirical evidence reviewed in this paper was collected primarily through: (i) electronic bibliographic searches, (ii) informational meetings with key actors in Hyderabad, (iii) data from the second National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2) completed in 1998/9, and (iv) qualitative and quantitative studies conducted in selected communities in Hyderabad.  The review presents a conceptual model of food and nutrition security that it then uses to frame an exploration of the conditions and causes of food insecurity and malnutrition in Hyderabad.  The report also describes food and nutrition programs operating in Hyderabad. It concludes by highlighting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6369

EXPLAINING THE FOOD STAMP CASH-OUT PUZZLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Breunig,   Robert; Dasgupta,   Indraneel; Gundersen,   Craig; Pattanaik,   Prasanta.
Empirical studies have shown that food stamp participants spend a higher proportion of their benefit on food than they would with an equivalent amount of cash. Our study demonstrates that this result can be explained by the decision-making behavior of multi-adult households. Multi-adult households spend a higher proportion of their food stamp benefit than they would with an equivalent amount of cash. In contrast, single-adult households show little difference in food spending between food stamps and an equivalent amount of cash. Because over 30 percent of food stamp participants are in multi-adult households, switching from food stamps to cash may reduce food purchases of these needy households. If that is indeed the case, the use of food stamps and other...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Cash transfers; Cash-out puzzle; Welfare stigma; Cournot model; Intra-household distribution; Engel curves; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33869

Risk aversion and sustainable maize production in Nigeria: Some challenges and prospects for agricultural and economic development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olarinde,   Luke O.; Manyong,   Victor M.
This paper determines the degree or extent of farmer’s risk aversion that affects sustainable maize production in Northern Nigeria. Using a ridge regression analysis, a measure of risk aversion was derived for each individual farmer in a model of safety-first behaviour from a cross-sectional survey of 350 maize producers in northern Nigeria. The distribution of the degree of risk aversion shows a high skewness towards the risk averters (high risk farmers) and centered around 1.20, and standard deviation of 0.37. This distribution is then explained by a set of specific variables that characterize the farmers’ behaviour in the study area using a Tobit model. Susceptibility to risk was found to be highly premised on the socioeconomic factors (e.g. age of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Nigeria; Risk aversion; Tobit model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52080

Summary of the Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
This report provides an overview of the Functional Food and Nutraceuticals (FFN) survey. The FFN survey was conducted by Statistics Canada on behalf of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. The objective of the survey was to produce new statistical information on the functional food and nutraceutical sector and a profile of firms engaged in functional and/or nutraceutical-related activities in Canada.  It begins with a look at the structure of the Canadian FFN industry, then reviews the labour and capital inputs, the business relationships and intellectual property rights and ends with the impact of regulations in the Canadian FNN industry. Charts, figures and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize the information and to provide baseline...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52703

Estimating Poverty Over Time and Space: Construction of a Time-Variant Poverty Index for Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cavatassi,   Romina; Davis,   Benjamin; Lipper,   Leslie.
This paper presents the construction of a spatially explicit, nationally disaggregated measure of poverty over time in Costa Rica. The paper first describes the two possible methods considered for the construction of a poverty map: principal component analysis (PCA) versus small area estimation. Next, reasons for choosing PCA and a description of its application both at one point in time (1973) and over time are presented together with the resulting poverty maps. The methodology applied represents a methodological innovation in that the resulting poverty map is time variant rather than concentrated in a single moment in time. A comparison of the results obtainable using various techniques and a discussion on the relative merits of the various options...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty Mapping; Principal Component Analysis; Time-variant Poverty Index; Small-area Estimation.; Food Security and Poverty; C43; I32; C31.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23791

Who Eats Yellow Maize? Some Preliminary Results of a Survey of Consumer Maize Meal Preferences in Maputo
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Maize; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56017

Intensifying agricultural sustainability: An analysis of impacts and drivers in the development of ‘bright spots’
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Noble,   Andrew D.; Bossio,   Deborah A.; Penning de Vries,   Frits W.T.; Pretty,   Jules N.; Thiyagarajan,   T.M.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Farming systems; Sustainable agriculture; Productivity; Investment; Thailand; Palestine; Latin America; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91818

Secondary crops based farming systems and their integration with processing in Lampung, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siregar,   Masdjidin; Nagai,   Naoko; Suryadi,   Muhammad.
This report is the outcome of the second phase of the AGRIDIV project in Indonesia. The goal of this second phase study is to examine the performance of farming, marketing and processing of CGPRT crops at two study dry land that have different cropping patterns. The two selected sites were Siswa Bangun and Restu Baru village. The results would by no means represent a national average. Hence, the description of farming, marketing and processing of those crops given here forms a source of in-depth quantitative and qualitative information that might have wider validity. Findings relate to maize and cassava commodity systems.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: FOOD CROPS; FARMING SYSTEMS; MARKETING; PROCESSING; DIVERSIFICATION; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96622

WASPA Asia: wastewater agriculture and sanitation for poverty alleviation in Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wastewater irrigation; Health hazards; Poverty; Sanitation; Development projects; Asia; Kolkata; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91467

FOOD SAFETY IN FOOD SECURITY AND FOOD TRADE; CASE STUDY -- BEEF INDUSTRY IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Colin G.; Waldron,   Scott A.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16553

Exploring the Impacts of Risk Communication Policies on Welfare: Theoretical Aspects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stefani,   Gianluca; Valli,   Carlotta.
The aim of this paper is to explore possible measures to assess welfare changes resulting from alternative risk communication policies drawing on previous work on welfare losses due to incorrect risk perceptions. A review of the literature analysing models of risk information processing point out the role of Bayesian updating processes in modelling changing risk perceptions. On the other hand welfare analysis of the consequences of action undertaken under ignorance suggest possible measures of the benefits of improved risk communication. An illustrative example of welfare losses due to poor information is provided using the classical data set on milk contamination in Ohau (Hawaii). Welfare measures are obtained comparing the real observed behaviour with an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24989

IMPACT OF IFPRI'S POLICY RESEARCH ON RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND FOOD SECURITY IN BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babu,   Suresh Chandra.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16578

Fish, Aquaculture and Food Security: Sustaining Fish as a Food Supply
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kearney,   Robert.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124081

THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward.
My paper is divided in two parts. In the first I will attempt to provide a brief overview of the world food situation, with an emphasis on what has happened during the 1970's - the decade when many observers thought we were headed for a Malthusian crisis. In the second part I will discuss the factors likely to affect the world food situation in the 1980's and beyond.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13665

Finding a sustainable linkage between the emerging farmer and formal markets: The case of pick ‘n pay and the Zanyokwe farmers in the eastern Cape of South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bediako,   J.A.; Debrah,   Kofi.
A major problem confronting rural and emerging farmers is the marketing of their products. Most of the farmers encountered depend on the local or village markets which are often saturated or purchases are not backed by effective demand to make sales meaningful for the desired benefits. Small scale South African farmers have not been able to access the formal sector to sell their goods. There are several reasons for this which is linked to the nature of the historical evolution of the South African agricultural sector and in particular the food production system. Recently, it has been argued that the small scale farmers are not able to meet the standards that are set by the formal sector and are therefore responsible for their own exclusion by producing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51993

Improving Child Nutrition for Sustainable Poverty Reduction in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alderman,   Harold; Behrman,   Jere R.; Hoddinott,   John.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45776

Innovation Systems and Technical Efficiency in Developing-Country Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mekonnen,   Dawit Kelemework; Spielman,   David J.; Fonsah,   Esendugue Greg.
The paper uses a stochastic frontier analysis of production functions to estimate the level of technical efficiency in agriculture for a panel of 29 developing countries in Africa and Asia between 1994 and 2000. In addition, the paper examines how different components of an agricultural innovation system interact to determine the estimated technical inefficiencies. Results show that the mean level of technical efficiency among the sampled countries was about 86 percent, with some modest increases during the period in question. These results suggest that there is room for significant increases of production through reallocations of existing resources. Despite significant variation among countries, these results also indicate quite a number of least...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural innovation systems; Technical efficiency; Developing country agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119788

How to Realize Breakthrough in WTO Doha Negotiations?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhou,   Jian-Ming.
Originally published by ‘Africa Link’ (www.africalink.ch/), Headquarters in Switzerland, at (http://www.africalink.ch/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=12993%3Ahow-torealize- breakthrough-in-wto-doha-negotiations&amp;catid=49%3Abusiness-andeconomy&amp; Itemid=58 =en)
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Breakthrough; WTO; Doha negotiations; Agriculture; Non-agricultural market; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F; K; O; P; Q; R.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97047

THE WORLD FOOD CRISIS--PERIODIC OR PERPETUAL?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hathaway,   Dale E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17729

POVERTY, POLICY, AND THE MACROECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: LeBlanc,   Michael.
This report is an empirical inquiry into how poverty is changed by the macroeconomy.  The analysis suggests low real wage rates and not the unemployment rate are the most important determinant of poverty in the long run.  Changes in output and unemployment primarily affect cyclical or shortun poverty.  The empirical results weaken the belief that output growth acting alone will significantly and permanently reduce poverty in the United States.  Instead, the results suggest combining economic growth strategies with targeted interventions that may lie outside the traditional sphere of monetary and fiscal policy.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Unemployment; Wages; Economic growth; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33584

Has Imported Rice Crowded-out Domestic Rice Production in Ghana? What has Been the Role of Policy?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asuming-Brempong,   Samuel; Osei-Asare,   Yaw Bonsu.
Commercial rice imports have accounted for approximately 61%, food aid in rice accounted for about 2%, and domestic rice accounted for some 37% per annum of rice consumption in Ghana over the four years between 2000 and 2003. Compared to the 1990s, these figures show a gradual decline in the share of local rice production in the total quantities of rice consumed in the country. On the other hand, the proportion of food aid in rice consumed has remained relatively constant over the period, while the proportion of commercial imports has increased steadily. Using the Engel-Granger residual-based co-integration test, a market integration analysis was explored for imported rice and domestic rice which compared a central market for imported rice and five key...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ghana; Market integration Policy; Rice; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52002

Inclusion of Low Income Sectors in Latin American Agribusiness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Metzger,   Michael D.; Ickis,   John; Leguizamon,   Francisco; Flores,   Juliano.
We examine three case studies on agribusiness ventures that have included low income sectors (LIS) into value creation activities to reduce poverty in Latin America. While the goal for each agribusiness is economic profit, we find that this goal is not inconsistent with wealth creation among LIS. We use the agribusiness chain analytical framework to identify the roles played by LIS in the ventures studied, and we explore the ways in which LIS inclusion has influenced the performance of the agribusiness chains and contributed to their competitiveness.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Poverty reduction; Latin America; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93339

Promoting Fertilizer Use in Africa: Current Issues and Empirical Evidence from Malawi, Zambia, and Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minde,   Isaac J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Crawford,   Eric W.; Ariga,   Joshua; Jones,   Govereh.
It is generally agreed that increasing agricultural productivity                         is critical to stimulating the rate of economic growth in Africa.                         There are many important and often complementary                         determinants of agricultural productivity. In this brief and the                         full paper it draws from, the focus is on fertilizer and                         improved seed, without intending to imply that they are the                         only or most significant productivity  determinants.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Fertilizer; Africa; Malawi; Zambia; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54509

Food Assistance Landscape September 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor.
USDA administers 15 domestic food assistance programs that serve an estimated 1 in 5 Americans at some point during the year. Each program targets specific populations with different nutritional needs. These programs work individually and in concert to provide a nutritional safety net for children and low-income adults. The Economic Research Service (ERS) is responsible for conducting studies and evaluations of USDA's food assistance programs, focusing on the benefits of improved diets and food choices, factors that influence diet and nutrition, and program outcomes. This report uses preliminary data from USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS), the agency responsible for administering the Nation's food assistance programs, to examine trends in the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33891

POVERTY AND LIVELIHOOD ENTITLEMENT, HOW IT RELATES TO AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31856

Efficient Refuge policies for Bt cotton in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Singla,   Rohit; Johnson,   Phillip N.; Misra,   Sukant K.
This study examined the efficient refuge policies for Bt cotton for three cotton growing regions in India. This was accomplished by developing a single-pest, dual-toxin biological model simulating bollworm resistance to the Bt toxin and synthetic pyrethroids, followed by formulating profit functions for Bt and non-Bt cotton for a representative producer in each region. Profits received in subsequent periods were considered in the regulatory model in order to choose a refuge constraint (static problem) or a sequence of refuge policies (dynamic problem) for each region that maximize discounted profits received over 15 years, subject to various economic and biological constraints. Dynamic solutions for the regulatory problem were derived for each region using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61751

A Socio-Economic Survey in the Province of Nampula: Agricultural Marketing in the Smallholder Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55987

THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTY IN VIETNAM AND THE POTENTIAL FOR TARGETING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Baulch,   Bob.
This paper combines household survey and census data to construct a provincial poverty map of Vietnam and evaluate the accuracy of geographically targeted anti-poverty programs. First, the paper estimates per capita expenditure as a function of selected household and geographic characteristics using the 1998 Vietnam Living Standards Survey. Next, these results are combined with data on the same household characteristics from the 1999 Census to estimate the incidence of poverty in each province. The results indicate that rural poverty is concentrated in ten provinces in the Northern Uplands, two provinces of the central Highlands, and two provinces in the Central Coast. Finally, Receiver Operating Characteristics curves are used to evaluate the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16224

Impact of a Commodity Price Spike on Poverty Dynamics: Evidence from a Panel of Rural Households in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balagtas,   Joseph Valdes; Bhandari,   Humnath; Mohanty,   Samarendu; Cabrera,   Ellanie; Hossain,   Mahabub.
In this paper we assess the effects of the dramatic rise in agricultural commodity prices during 2007-2008 on income dynamics and poverty among rural households in Bangladesh. We use data from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of rural households in Bangladesh collected in four waves in 1988, 2000, 2004, and 2008. Nargis and Hossain (2006) analysed income dynamics and poverty incidence for the first three waves, finding a declining trend in both the incidence and depth of poverty, aided by in particular by human capital development and the off-farm labor opportunities. Here we update the analysis to include data collected in 2008, at the height of the aforementioned spike in agricultural prices. We find that various measures of rural poverty...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income; Commodity price spike; Rural households; Bangladesh; Panel data; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124225

Impact of Off-farm Income on Food Security and Nutrition in Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babatunde,   Raphael O.; Qaim,   Matin.
Reducing food insecurity in the developing world continues to be a major public policy challenge, and one that is complicated by the lack of a generalized comprehensive strategy for dealing with it. Around 854 million people are undernourished worldwide, many more suffer from micronutrient deficiencies, and the absolute numbers tend to increase further, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. Recent food price hikes have contributed to greater public awareness of hunger related problems, also resulting in new international commitments to invest in developing country agriculture. Whereas agriculture-led growth played an important role in reducing food insecurity and transforming the economies of many Asian and Latin American countries, the same has not yet...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm households; Food security; Micronutrients; Child anthropometry; Off-farm income; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97332

The Influence of Clusters on the Competitiveness of Hog Production: The Example of Northwestern Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deimel,   Mark; Arens,   Ludwig; Theuvsen,   Ludwig.
In recent decades the northwestern part of Germany (Weser-Ems region) has come to focus on intensive pork production. This has led to public outrage about the disposal of biological waste, farmers’ complaints about the high cost of leasing land, soaring risks of animal diseases, and the decreasing popularity of intensive animal husbandry. However, despite these problems, due to a beneficial cluster structure, the region is a successful market participant. To shed some light on the relationship between network relationships in clusters and competitiveness, an empirical survey was undertaken to compare this pork-intensive region with non–pork-intensive regions. Bi- and multivariate analyses reveal a better access to knowledge and information on the part of...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Pork production; Cluster structures; Competitiveness; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121855

Use and management of grain protectants in China and Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chudleigh,   Peter D.
Project PHT/1990/035, ‘Integrating Grain Protectants into Storage Pest Management’ was supported by ACIAR for nearly four years from 1992 to 1995. The project was based in China and Australia. Project activity within Australia included the further enhancement of an expert system that had been developed by CSIRO. Three main activities took place within the project in China: assessing the extent of resistance to the most commonly used grain protectant, malathion; determining the rates of fenitrothion and deltamethrin that might be used under Chinese storage conditions in order to improve the range of protectants available for Chinese grain storage; and adaptation for, and extension of, an Australian expert system in China. Resistance to malathion was...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Grain protectants; Pest management; Grain storage; China; Australia; High benefits; Investment analysis; High impact; Net present value; Benefit-cost analysis; Internal rate of return; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47693

Poverty program participation and employment in timber-dependent counties
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berck,   Peter; Costello,   Christopher; Hoffmann,   Sandra A.; Fortmann,   Louise.
This paper uses cointegrated time-series methods to evaluate the effect of timber employment on participation in a major poverty program-Aid to Families with Dependent Children-Unemployed Parent (AFDC-UP). The study is conducted for major timber-producing counties in California. It is shown that a two-sector structural model can be solved to produce an error-correction model. An error-correction model is estimated with time series on state and county AFDC-UP caseload, state employment, county nontimber employment, and county timber employment. Utilizing tests on the cointegrating space, it is shown that there is no long-run relationship between poverty and timber employment in 10 of the 11 counties studied.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Afdc; Economic conditions; Employment; Poverty; Timber; Time-series analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43913

PUBLIC SPENDING AND POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heltberg,   Rasmus; Simler,   Kenneth R.; Tarp,   Finn.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15992

The Impacts of Trade Barriers and Market Interventions on Maize Price Predictability: Evidence from Eastern and Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Jayne,   Thomas S.
There is continuing debate in east and southern Africa about the effects of food market reform on the welfare of small-scale farmers and low-income consumers. At the center of this debate is the perception that food prices have become more unstable in countries that have liberalized their staple food markets, thereby exacerbating the plight of poor consumers and farmers. This perception has led many governments in the region to shun an open maize borders policy and pursue a variety of food marketing and trade policy tools to stabilize food prices. Unfortunately, there remains a dearth of empirical evidence on the effects of alternative food marketing and trade policies, including that of liberalization, on price stability and predictability. Assessments of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Maize; Trade; Markets; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56798

Caribbean Food Import Demand:  Influence of the Changing Dynamics of the Caribbean Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Walters,   Lurleen M.; Jones,   Keithly G.
Using FAO data for 1961-2009, this study characterizes the trends in Caribbean food imports and uses the Central Bureau Statistics demand system to estimate import demand parameters.  The findings and policy implications of the study are evaluated in the context of Caribbean food security concerns.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Caribbean; Food imports; Import demand parameters; Central Bureau Statistics demand system; Food security; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q17.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119724

Phase Space Reconstruction from Economic Time Series Data: Improving Models of Complex Real-World Dynamic Systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffaker,   Ray G.
Failure of economic models to anticipate the global financial crisis illustrates the need for modeling to better capture complex real-world dynamics. Conventional models—in which economic variables evolve toward equilibria or fluctuate about equilibria in response to exogenous random shocks—are ill-equipped to portray complex real-world dynamics in which economic variables may cycle aperiodically along low-dimensional ‘strange attractors’. We present a method developed in the physics literature—‘phase space reconstruction’—that reconstructs strange attractors present in real-world dynamical systems using time series data on a single variable. Phase space reconstruction provides pictures of real-world dynamics that can guide model specification
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Phase space reconstruction; Time series data; Economic dynamics; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97021

The Role of Risk Attitude in Preference Rankings of Vaccine Use for Foot and Mouth Disease Eradication in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hagerman,   Amy D.; McCarl,   Bruce A.; Lin,   Hen-I.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61766

DOES FOOD AID REALLY DISCOURAGE FOOD PRODUCTION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohapatra,   Sandeep; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Snyder,   Donald L.; Biswas,   Basudeb.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28369

CONSUMER INTENTIONS OF BUYING POULTRY MEAT UNDER PERCEIVED BIOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL OR TECHNOLOGICAL RISK IN FINLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heikkila,   Jaakko; Pouta,   Eija; Forsman-Hugg,   Sari; Makela,   Johanna.
The study focuses on various types of food safety risks: biological (zoonoses), chemical (chemical treatment of the meat) and technological (use of genetically modified feed). The emphasis was on how the perceived risks affect the purchase intentions in the case of broiler meat. In the case of each risk products the attitude-level variables had importance in explaining the buying intentions. The heterogeneity of the respondents regarding the purchase intentions of risk products was analysed by latent class logistic regression that included all three risk products. About 60% of the respondents belonged to the group of risk avoiders in which the purchase intention of risk food was significantly lower than in the second group of risk neutrals in which 64% of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Broiler; Consumer behaviour; Risk; Food safety; Consumer heterogeneity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C25; D12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116403

CAN FAO's MEASURE OF CHRONIC UNDERNOURISHMENT BE STRENGTHENED?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Nai Ken,   Logan.
In its Sixth World Food Survey released at the 1996 World Food Summit, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reported that 841 million people in developing countries are chronically undernourished. This number and its country- and regional-level disaggregations have proved tremendously useful to countless aid agencies and researchers. In the context of a recent wave of new nationally-representative household food consumption and expenditure data, this paper examines the estimation methodology underlying this food insecurity indicator, which relies on national aggregate measures of food availability and distribution. The paper finds that the measure is methodologically biased toward national food availability and does not fully...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94868

DETERMINANTS OF FOOD SECURITY IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feleke,   Shiferaw T.; Kilmer,   Richard L.; Gladwin,   Christina H.
The study investigates the relative importance of supply-side and demand-side factors of household food security through a logistic regression analysis applied to data collected from 247 sample households in Southern Ethiopia. Among the nine factors included in the model, seven were identified as statistically significant determinants of household food security: technological adoption, farming system, farm size, land quality, household size, per capita aggregate production and access to market.  Among these, technological adoption, farming system, farm size, and land quality are supply-side factors.  Household size, per capita aggregate production, and access to market are demand-side factors.  Based on the magnitude of their partial effects on the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22010

The Optimal Minimum Wage for Poverty Minimization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goto,   Hideaki.
The effects of a minimum wage on employment and on poverty have been studied in the literature. This paper characterizes the poverty minimizing minimum wage, and shows how it depends on productivity, inequality and the degree of labor market competitiveness.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Labor productivity; Market competitiveness; Minimum wage; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; D6; I32; J38; J64.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51160

IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION: THE INCIDENCE OF POVERTY AND FOOD SECURITY POLICIES IN SRI LANKA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mendis,   Patrick.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14180

Planificando pela Seca em Moçambique: Balanceando os Papéis da Ajuda Alimentar e dos Mercados de Alimentos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56027

Traditional Maize Storage Systems and Staple-Food Security in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armah,   Paul W.; Asante,   Felix A.
Ghana is self-sufficient in the production of maize, the major staple food for many low-income Ghanaians, yet staple maize-availability projections in Ghana do not include insecurity problems in the post-harvest season caused by poor storage, distribution difficulties, and high prices. This study uses the concept of food "security-storage" relationships or an "availability-gap" to refer to the ability of poor Ghanaians to access stored maize in the post-harvest season. This estimated "availability-gap" measures available maize needed to raise food consumption of the poorest Ghanaians to the minimum nutritional requirement during the post-harvest season. However, maize price is usually highest in the post-harvest season when maize is not easily available....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8575

Poverty Dynamics: Measurement and Understanding from an Interdisciplinary Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Addison,   Tony; Hulme,   David; Kanbur,   Ravi.
This paper introduces a significant new multi-disciplinary collection of studies of poverty dynamics, presenting the reader with the latest thinking by a group of researchers who are leaders in their respective disciplines. It argues that there are three main fronts on which progress must be made if we are to dramatically deepen the understanding of why poverty occurs, and significantly improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction policies. First, poverty research needs to focus on poverty dynamics — over the life-course, across generations and between different social groups. Second, there is a need to move efforts to measure poverty dynamics beyond mere income and consumption to more multidimensional concepts and measures of poverty. This is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty dynamics; Multidimensional concepts and measures; Interdisciplinary approaches; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51107

Poverty in Malawi, 1998
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd; Machinijili,   Charles; Kachikopa,   Lawrence.
This paper presents the poverty analysis of the 1997-98 Malawi Integrated Household Survey. The analysis developed basic needs poverty lines, using consumption-based measures of welfare to classify households and individuals as poor and nonpoor. Because consumption data were not of uniform quality across sample households, the analysis made adjustments to derive a more accurate assessment of the incidence of poverty across the country. The analysis provides poverty and inequality estimates for Malawi's population. About 65 percent were unable to meet their basic needs, and poverty was deep and pervasive. The distribution of household welfare was closely examined within the context of the Malawi Poverty Reduction Strategy to guide government action in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Southern Africa; Africa South of Sahara; Poverty; Poverty Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60940

Zambian Smallholder Behavioral Responses To Food Reserve Agency Activities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Myers,   Robert J.
More than two decades after the initiation of agricultural market reforms in eastern and southern Africa (ESA), governments in the region are increasingly using parastatal grain marketing boards (GMBs) and/or strategic grain reserves (SGRs) to directly influence the prices faced by farmers and consumers. In Zambia, for example, the government through the Food Reserve Agency, a SGR/GMB, purchased nearly 400,000 metric tons (MT) of maize from smallholders in 2006/07 and 2007/08, or more than 50% of the maize marketed by this group. This marked a sharp increase in the level of FRA purchases: between its establishment in 1996 and the 2005/06 marketing year, FRA’s annual maize purchases only once exceeded 100,000 MT. Then in 2010/11, the FRA purchased more than...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food Security Smallholder; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120768

Ethics and International Debt: A View from Feminist Economics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Julie A.
Feminist scholars examine not only the gendered impacts of development programs whose design has been influenced by disciplines such as economics, but also the gendered biases that permeate the models and methods of the disciplines themselves. This essay draws on aspects of feminist critiques of economics, philosophy, psychology, law, and finance to analyze the way in which international debt is discussed. Feminist critiques raise serious questions about the rational choice framework that often undergirds scholarly discussions of “agents,” “contract,” “ethics,” and “capital and debt.”
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37708

AJAE Appendix: Does Participation in the Food Stamp Program Increase the Prevalence of Obesity and Health Care Spending?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyerhoefer,   Chad D.; Pylypchuk,   Vuriy.
The material contained herein is supplementary to the Article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, forthcoming.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7045

Remittances, Inequality and Poverty: Evidence from Rural Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   J. Edward; Mora,   Jorge; Adams,   Richard H., Jr.; Lopez-Feldman,   Alejandro.
Remittances
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Remittances; Inequality; Poverty; Mexico; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60287

FOOD CHOICE, NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION AND FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS: AN EXPERIMENTAL AUCTION EMPLOYING BREAD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hellyer,   Nicole Elizabeth; Fraser,   Iain; Haddock-Fraser,   Janet.
In this paper we present the results of an experimental auction conducted to examine the influence of nutritional information on food choice and in particular estimate consumer willingness to pay for bread that contains functional ingredients which is used to make sandwiches. We find that consumers are willing to pay more for a whole grain and whole grain granary bread sandwich than other bread types. We also find that consumers do react positively to the provision of nutritional and health benefit information but that this effect occurs regardless of whether we supply specific or nonspecific health benefit information. We discuss information provision and health policy implications that emerge from our analysis.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Functional foods; Bread; Willingness-to-pay; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D44; I1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116424

Tariffs and quotas that lower prices and raise welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumers; Economics; Equilibrium; Import; Quotas; International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47254

Physical and virtual global food reserves to protect the poor and prevent market failure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Torero,   Maximo.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47662

ASSESSING THE DEGREE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: A PILOT PROJECT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bezuneh,   Mesfin; Yiheyis,   Zelealem; Del Rosario,   Pedro-Juan; Ortiz,   Luis.
The concept of food insecurity at the household and individual levels has been an area of extensive research in the late 1980s by individual researchers and public agencies. This work culminated in the development of the US Food Security Survey Module (FSSM), which is now seem to be the  standard methodology of determining household food’s security status, at least in countries with developed economies. One of the purposes of this study is to adapt the FSSM in the context of a less developed economy, and thereby assess the prevalence of food insecurity and hunger. The module was administered as a pilot in a household survey of 110 low-income families in the Dominican Republic. This study found that 93% of the respondent were food-insecure, some more so...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security Survey Model; Food Insecurity; Survey; Low income families; Household survey; CAES; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36971

Food Pricing Policy and Rural Poverty: Insights from Maize in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mghenyi,   Elliot W.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This study estimates the effects on poverty resulting from maize price changes associated with the operations of the maize marketing board in Kenya. We consider both supply and demand responses and the accompanying adjustments in rural labor markets in estimating a second order approximation to equilibrium income changes. We then use stochastic dominance techniques to generate poverty rankings between the distribution of income with the effects of the government marketing operations and the distribution of counterfactual incomes. This approach effectively addresses concerns regarding the sensitivity of poverty estimates to the type of poverty measure used. Results indicate that the price-elevating effects of government maize marketing operations have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Income transfers; Maize policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; C22; O2; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25466

ARE THE POOR TOO POOR TO DEMAND HEALTH INSURANCE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahuja,   Rajeev; Jutting,   Johannes Paul.
Community based micro insurance has aroused much interest and hope in meeting health care challenges facing the poor.  In this paper we explore how institutional rigidities such as credit constraints impinge on demand for health insurance and how insurance could potentially prevent poor households from falling into poverty trap.  In this setting, we argue that the appropriate public intervention in generating demand for insurance is not to subsidise premium but to remove these rigidities (easing credit constraint in the present context).  Thus from insurance perspective as well, our analysis highlights the importance of having appropriate savings and borrowing instruments for the poor.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Micro-insurance; Micro-credit; Credit constraint; Demand for insurance.; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25821

Food security: a mean variance approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Irma; Berck,   Peter; Gordon,   Kathryn.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic conditions; Food supply; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43305

Comparative Analysis of the Impact of World Bank Root and Tuber Expansion Programme on Poverty Alleviation of Peri-Urban and Rural Communities in Benue State, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ater,   P.I.; Umeh,   Joseph Chinedu; Lawal,   W.L.
This study examined in 2005 t he impact of World Bank Expanded Programme for Root and Tuber Production (RTEP) on the poverty alleviation of peri-urban and rural communities in Benue State, Nigeria. It aimed at delineating causal effect disparity in poverty alleviation of two major producer communities. Data were collected from two hundred and eight (208) respondent s randomly drawn from ten (10) typically rural and ten (10) peri-urban communities. Simple descriptive statistics (percentages) and discriminant function analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The discriminant function was fitted on the poverty alleviation score to analyze causal and effect relationship. The study found disparities in valued output, quality of life, income and a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: World Bank; Poverty Reduction programme valued output; Discriminant Function; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25484

ELIMINATING HUNGER IN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Ardis Armstrong.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17653

INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN THE NORTHERN UPLANDS OF VIETNAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
In the context of the economic development, income diversification is sometimes defined as the process by which households switch from growing low-value staple food crops to growing a mix of food crops and higher-value commercial crops (crop diversification) and from farming to non-farm activities (non-farm diversification).  The literature on income diversification has measured trends, identified determinants, and speculated on the constraints to diversification, but there has been relatively little analysis of the contribution of diversification to income growth.  This paper uses household survey data from 1993 and 1998 to quantify the contribution of crop diversification and non-farm diversification to the growth of household income in the northern...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22029

Global Food Price Volatility and Spikes: An Overview of Costs, Causes, and Solutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Tadesse,   Getaw.
Since the 2007–08 food crisis, many thoughtful analyses have addressed the causes and impacts of high and volatile international food prices and proposed solutions to the crisis. These studies have covered global as well as local food price dynamics and policy reactions. The food price problem is, however, far-reaching, and its impacts are wide and interrelated. The price formation mechanism has become highly complex and dynamic. Policy actions are politically and economically sensitive. This situation calls for continuous and comprehensive assessments of the problem to provide timely and evidence-based knowledge for policy makers. This paper reviews existing evidence and theories and presents new thoughts and insights from analyses to enlighten the course...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Prices; Volatility; Poverty; Food policy; Speculation; Economic crises; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; I38; O13; O16; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120021

Rice Trade Policies and Their Implications for Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Durand-Morat,   Alvaro; Wailes,   Eric J.
There is a strong linkage between the behavior of the rice market and the state of food security in many regions around the world, particularly in Asia, as made evident in the 2007-08 commodity crisis. Rice is a staple for the majority of the population in Asia, where roughly 60% of the close to one billion undernourished people live (FAO, 2010). As Timmer (2010) states, “it is impossible to improve food security in the short run or long run without providing adequate supplies of rice that are accessible to the poor” (p. 2). The rice crisis of 2007-08 showed the crucial role of export and import policies on the behavior of the rice market and its consequences for price stability and food security. Market fundamentals could only explain a minimal part of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rice; Trade; Policies; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103818

Food Insecurity, Family Structure and Agricultural Productivity: the role of Social Capital in Nigeria.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuku-Shittu,   Oluyemisi; Liverpool-Tasie,   Lenis Saweda O.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/21/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61883

EVOLUÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS DE POBREZA DO NORDESTE ENTRE 1995 E 2005.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sobel,   Tiago Farias; Goncalves,   Michela B. Camboim; Costa,   Ecio de Farias.
Existe um amplo consenso entre cientistas, políticos, pesquisadores e intelectuais de todo o mundo de que a redução da pobreza deve ser vista como uma das prioridades das políticas públicas. Deste modo, a mensuração do nível de pobreza se torna alvo de um intenso debate, na medida em que é necessário primeiramente identificar onde ela está localizada para, em seguida, ter-se condições de combatê-la. Hoje no Brasil esta preocupação se torna mais evidente quando as análises enfocam o espaço econômico do Nordeste, pois esta região é reconhecidamente a mais carente do país. Ao mesmo tempo, é sabido que a partir de meados de 1994 uma nova realidade política foi imposta ao país, acarretando em uma série de conseqüências sobre a população nacional e,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Medidas de Pobreza; Nordeste; Políticas Públicas Nacionais; Poverty Measures; Northeast; National Public Politics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110067

The Impacts of Prime-Age Adult Mortality on Rural Household Income, Assets, and Poverty in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; HIV; AIDS; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56071

Poverty and Inequality in the First Decade of South Africa's Democracy: What Can be Learned from Panel Data?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aguero,   Jorge M.; Carter,   Michael R.; May,   Julian.
Using a longitudinal survey of South African households over the 1993-2004 period, this paper evaluates changes in income distribution since the end of apartheid. Inequality amongst these households has markedly increased this period as initially better off households consistently improved their economic well-being. Sharp increases in measured poverty over the first half of this period were partially reversed by later improvements for some poor households. Comparisons between actual and "market-generated" income distributions suggest that these improvements were driven in part by government transfer programs. Nonetheless, the chronically poor remain a significant fraction of the total poor, and 60% of those households that were poor in 1993 are still poor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12621

MEASURING ACCESS TO FOOD IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager; Rosen,   Stacey L.
The participants at the food summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1996 pledged to reduce the number of hungry by half by 2015.  Measuring and quantifying food insecurity is a crucial component of making progress towards that goal.  This paper presents one possible approach towards measuring what share of the population might be affected by food insecurity and to what extent.  A food security threshold can be calculated as the sum of the cost of a food basket and the cost of other basic necessities.  This food security threshold can then be compared to available income.  We calculated two food security threshold levels, one based on a representative healthy food basket and one based on a low-cost healthy food basket.  The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19716

Livestock based livelihoods and pathways out of poverty: the case of smallholder farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen.
This paper evaluates livelihoods of smallholder livestock farmers who were beneficiaries of a poverty alleviation programme involving longer term intervention towards building the strength of stakeholders such as government department, NGOs, village organisations and women beneficiaries. Data are drawn from a survey of 400 women farmers in 2006 and 2008. These farmers have been the members of BRAC, a well known NGO in Bangladesh. Poverty profiles, transition matrices and regression analysis drawn from asset-base framework are used to analyze data. A number of key questions related to poverty transition through livestock based activities, heterogeneity in livelihood choice and its impact on household welfare, extent of poverty reduction using different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Women and livestock; Livelihood Strategies; Asset-base Framework; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty; O1; O3; Q13; Q55.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108935

AN ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET FOR FOOD STAMPS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bryant,   W. Keith.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13566

Evidence of non-linear price transmission between maize markets in Mexico and the US
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Araujo-Enciso,   Sergio Rene.
The present work provides evidence that non linear co-integration between Mexico and the US maize prices exists, at country and regional level. The models suggest that Mexican prices adjust at changes in US prices. Despite asymmetry was statistically rejected, it is likely that it might occur for thriving parameters different that zero in the error correction term. The results suggest on which way the research might be improved in order to assess such co-integration relationship accurately.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Co-integration; Asymmetric price transmission; Vector error correction model; Error      correction term; Loading parameter; Mexico; US; Maize; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C32; Q11; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51366

Segurança Alimentar e Agricultura Familiar: Análise dos Programas Municipais de Araraquara-SP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Almeida,   Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo; Gomes,   Thauana Paiva; Bergamasco,   Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereia; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando.
O presente trabalho analisa as políticas públicas de segurança alimentar como instrumentos de desenvolvimento nos espaços locais e regionais voltados ao objetivo de elevar as condições de renda e de emprego na agricultura familiar. Mostra que mecanismos institucionais desenvolvidos a partir de políticas públicas participativas podem promover o desenvolvimento rural local e regional com possibilidades de inclusão social. Tal constatação reforça a hipótese de que alternativas institucionais podem levar os agricultores familiares (assentados ou dos fluxos agroindustriais tradicionais) a compor efetivamente a agenda política local. Nesse sentido, discorre sobre os programas municipais de Araraquara-SP, centralizados sob a gestão da Coordenadoria de...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas; Programas Locais de Segurança Alimentar; Agricultura Familiar; Instrumentos de Inclusão Social; Gestão Centralizada.Public Policies; Local Programs of Alimentary Security; Family Agriculture; Social Inclusion Tools; Centralized Administration.; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107864

Promoting Food Security in Rwanda through Sustainable Agricultural Productivity: Meeting the Challenges of Population Pressure, Land Degradation, and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clay,   Daniel C.; Byiringiro,   Fidele Usabuwera; Kangasniemi,   Jaakko; Reardon,   Thomas; Sibomana,   Bosco; Uwamariya,   Laurence; Tardif-Douglin,   David.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 15.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11425

Migration, Household Composition, and Child Welfare in Rural Northeast Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cameron,   Michael P.; Lim,   Steven.
In many developing countries the composition of rural households is influenced by the migration of adult household members to urban locations in search of employment. Children may be left in the care of their mother alone, or in the care of grandparents when both parents have migrated. Using representative data from a household survey conducted in rural Northeast Thailand in 2003, this paper investigates whether household composition has any effect on the welfare of children, as measured by anthropometric measurements including height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height. Our findings suggest that household types other than nuclear families result in some significantly worse child nutritional outcomes. The implication is that governments should...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Migration; Household composition; Children; Thailand; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I31; O15; O18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98508

How robust are indicator based poverty assessment tools over time? Empirical evidence from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Edig,   Xenia; Schwarze,   Stefan; Zeller,   Manfred.
Eradicating poverty is one of the most urgent concerns of development policies. Organisations aiming at reducing poverty need simple and stable tools to detect poor households. Using data from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, this study aims to test first whether two indicators sets for poverty assessment found in 2005 are still capable in predicting absolute poverty and second, if the indicator composition remains robust over time. Data from two household surveys were used: In 2005 we surveyed 264 households in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi to obtain indicators of poverty and to derive the daily per capita consumption expenditures. In total 280 indicators were sampled. Two different multivariate regression models were fit to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty assessment; Poverty indicators; Robustness over time; Indonesia; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I32; R15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51674

Disease Emergence and Food Security: Global Impact of Pathogens on Sustainable Aquaculture Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Walker,   Peter J.
Aquaculture is one of the most rapidly developing sectors of global food production, contributing significantly to socio-economic development by providing food security and export earnings from high-value products. The importance of the industry to the expanding world population is underscored by the growing gap between supply and demand for seafood. However, rapid growth in aquaculture has been accompanied by increasing problems with disease, and disease is now seen as a very significant threat to sustainable production and trade. During the past decade, disease has devastated prawn farming in Asia and Latin America, with annual losses of up to US$3 billion. Devastating losses have also hit the salmon farming industries of Europe and North America, the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124074

MEASURING CHILDREN'S FOOD SECURITY IN U.S. HOUSEHOLDS, 1995-99
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Bickel,   Gary.
The capacity to accurately measure the food security status of children in household surveys is an essential tool for monitoring food insecurity and hunger at the most severe levels in U.S. households and for assessing programs designed to prevent or ameliorate these conditions. USDA has developed a children's food security scale to meet this measurement need. The scale is calculated from 8 questions in the 18-item food security survey module that ask specifically about food-related experiences and conditions of children. The scale measures the severity of food insecurity among children in surveyed households and identifies - in the most severe range of the scale - households in which children have been hungry at times because of a lack of household...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33801

FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION RESEARCH SMALL GRANTS PROGRAM:  EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF 2002 RESEARCH GRANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiehen,   Laura.
This report summarizes research findings from the Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Small Grants Program. The Economic Research Service created the program in 1998 to stimulate new and innovative research on food assistance and nutrition issues and to broaden the participation of social science scholars in these issues. The report includes summaries of the research projects that were awarded 1-year grants in summer and fall 2001. The results of these research projects were presented at the October 2002 Small Grants Program conference. The projects focus on food insecurity and hunger, nutritional status and diet quality, Federal food assistance program participation, and the role of private-sector organizations in the provision of food assistance. Some...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Nutrition; Vulnerable populations; Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Hungry; Food assistance; Food spending; Well-being; Food Stamp Program; Food stamps; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33829

Determinants of Income Diversification among Fishing Communities in Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olale,   Edward; Henson,   Spencer J.; Cranfield,   John A.L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income Diversification; Fish worker; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61259

Inquérito ao Sector Familiar da Província de Nampula: Comercialização Agrícola
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55988

The Determination of National Retail and Wholesale Prices of Infant Formula
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levedahl,   J. William; Reed,   Albert J.
Changes in both retail and wholesale infant formula prices can affect the ability of WIC to supply infant formula to participants. This paper constructs a joint relationship that links national wholesale and retail infant formula prices to economic and policy variables. This joint framework provides a richer interpretation of current issues and questions associated with these markets than frameworks intent on explaining either retail or wholesale prices alone.  We show how this framework can be implemented empirically, and demonstrate how it can be used to obtain empirical estimates of retail and wholesale price flexibilities with respect to rebates, and with respect to changes in WIC participation. Both have implications for cost containment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Women; Infant and Children Program; Infant formula rebates; Price analysis; Food Security and Poverty; I38; D40.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19274

Bailout with white revolution or sink deeper?: groundwater depletion and impacts in the Moga District of Punjab, India.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.; Sharma,   Bharat R.; Eriyagama,   Nishadi.
Moga District in Punjab, India, is a microcosm of the twin story of irrigation-induced growth and stress. The groundwater consumptive water use in agriculture exceeds the recharge by a substantial margin. Rice production contributes to a major part of this difference. The groundwater depletion is so critical that diversifying agriculture is the only way forward for sustainable agricultural growth. Reducing the rice area and intensifying milk production will be a win-win situation for both the farmers and the area reeling with a groundwater crisis.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Groundwater depletion; Groundwater irrigation; Water use; Rice; Wheat; Milk production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108672

TRADE POLICY, FOOD PRICE VARIABILITY, AND THE VULNERABILITY OF LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.; Preckel,   Paul V.; Reimer,   Jeffrey J.
We utilize a global trade model to generate distributions of commodity and factor prices  based on observed uncertainty in rice production.  This is done for three trade policy regimes. We then  assess their impact on domestic price variability and the likelihood of marginal households falling into  poverty in four countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20692

Report on Long Term Challenges and Opportunities for Future Competitiveness and Prosperity of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Industry - Chapter 1: Primary Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
This report is the first chapter of the final report prepared by the Federal/Provincial/Territorial (FPT) Working Group (WG) on Economic Analysis at the request of FPT Assistant Deputy Ministers (ADMs), in a joint FPT effort to study the challenges and opportunities facing the agriculture and agri-food sector.  The report is a compilation of data and information that presents a snapshot of the Canadian primary agricultural sector in relation to the financial position of farms and the challenges and opportunities facing the sector. It finalizes the analysis of the FPT WG by expanding and updating the information that was previously published in a Progress report on AAFC Online in February, 2006.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Primary agriculture; Structural change; Performance of farms; Farm family income; Aggregate cash income; Net farm income; Profitability; Productivity growth; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52707

ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE NEW FOOD STAMP PROGRAM ON SELECTED FOOD COMMODITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Chung L.; Fletcher,   Stanley M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27463

THE WORLD FOOD PROBLEM - AN OVERVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mosemann,   A.H.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17531

Towards a joint regional agenda for the alleviation of poverty through agriculture and secondary crop development: proceedings of the regional meeting, Bangkok, 21-22 November 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
This document is a record of the Regional Meeting of the above, co-ordinated and implemented by CAPSA, which was held in Bangkok, 21-22 November 2007. The Meeting aimed to determine research priorities for improving the accuracy of policies and programmes addressing rural poverty through agriculture in member countries. Also it aimed to strengthen regional collaboration and information sharing. This volume provides a record of the presentations and discussion of the meeting.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT; POVERTY; RURAL POPULATION; AGRICULTURE; RESEARCH; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96659

PREMIUMHANDELSMARKEN IM LEBENSMITTELEINZELHANDEL - EINE IMAGEANALYSE AM BEISPIEL VON REWE FEINE WELT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Frank,   Kerstin; Obermowe,   Tim; Spiller,   Achim.
Aktuellen Beobachtungen im deutschen Lebensmitteleinzelhandel (LEH) zufolge treten die Handelsunternehmen mit der Einführung von Premiumhandelsmarken bzw. Genusshandels-marken (als sehr jungen Premiumhandelsmarkentyp) in direkte Konkurrenz zu entsprechen-den Herstellermarken und stellen Themen wie Qualität und Zusatznutzen in den Vordergrund. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit liegt zum einen in der thematischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Begriff der „Premiumhandelsmarke“ sowie speziell der „Genusshandelsmarke“ und ihren Besonderheiten in der Praxis. Die Handelsmarke „REWE Feine Welt“ (RFW) wird aufgrund ihrer herausragenden Imagepolitik in diesem Rahmen repräsentativ für Premiumhandelsmarken ausgewählt. Zum anderen wird im Rahmen der Imageanalyse der Frage...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Lebensmitteleinzelhandel; Deutschland; Premiumhandelsmarke; Genusshandelsmarke; Imageanalyse; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114724

Biotechnology and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mitchell,   Lorraine.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33633

FOOD ASSISTANCE LANDSCAPE MARCH 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
One in five Americans participates in at least one of USDA's food and nutrition assistance programs during the year. In fiscal 2005, an estimated 55 percent of USDA's budget supported the programs that provide children and low-income people with access to food, a healthful diet, and nutrition education. The Economic Research Service (ERS) is responsible for conducting studies and evaluations of USDA's food assistance programs. This report uses preliminary data from USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) to examine trends in the food assistance programs through fiscal 2005 (October 1, 2004, to September 30, 2005). It also discusses a recent ERS study that examined patterns of entry into and exit from the Food Stamp Program.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33889

The contribution of female non-farm income to poverty reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seebens,   Holger.
There is a widely held view that off-farm income in developing countries tends to reduce poverty, leading to the conclusion that policies should focus on the further diversification of income options of rural households. However, much off-farm employment might be initiated rather as a survival strategy but as a sustainable way to reduce poverty in the long run. Using a rich data set from Tanzania, this study examines the potential income increases generated by off-farm income with a particular focus on off-farm income contributed by women. The findings indicate that women’s contributions to household income through off-farm activities are limited and smaller as compared to those of men. Investigating the possible reasons, fetching water and collecting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income diversification; Off-farm employment; Women; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; D1; D6; J22; J4.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51762

Measuring the poverty impact of ACIAR projects: a broad framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pearce,   David.
This report sets out some broad ideas about how poverty evaluation could be conducted for ACIAR research projects. As with good benefit–cost analysis, there are good practices that need to be observed when undertaking poverty analysis. While poverty is a broad concept, and can be addressed through many means, these need to be grounded in some common understanding of the economics of poverty. This report is concerned mostly with quantitative evaluation, in the same sense that current ACIAR project evaluations are quantitative. That is, it is concerned with saying something about the order of magnitude of the effects of the project. Of course, qualitative analysis is important, and in most cases is a prelude to quantification — there is little point...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Poverty evaluation; Benefit-cost analysis; Poverty analysis; Economics of poverty; Quantitative evaluation; Analytical; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47697

Why projections on China's future food supply and demand differ
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Agcaoili-Sombilla,   Mercedita C.
This article analyses the macroeconomic assumptions, demand and supply parameters, and structures of the models used in projecting China's future food supply, demand and trade. Projections vary greatly, from China being self- sufficient in grain to being a net importer of 369 million metric tons of grain in 2030. The differences stem mainly from the approaches chosen to model China's grain production and, in particular, the combined effects of land decline and yield growth. The article also points out improvements needed in future work on modelling China's grain economy, which include accounting for the links between agriculture and other sectors, technical change in the livestock industry and infra- structure constraints on grain imports.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118013

Poverty, AIDS, Orphanhood, Gender, and Child Schooling in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of the Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
There is growing concern that the HIV/AIDS epidemic may reduce long-term human capital development through reductions in child schooling in SSA, thus severely limiting the longterm ability of orphans and their extended families to escape poverty. In response, some have called for targeted schooling subsidies for orphans and other children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS, on the assumption that such children are under-enrolled. This paper provides an overview of the data sources used by existing empirical studies that test for orphan schooling deficits and the methodological challenges that they face. It then reviews the empirical evidence on the effects of orphan status or adult mortality on child schooling, as well as the prevalence of orphans in SSA and...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Child schooling; Poverty; Sub-Saharan Africa; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119319

Global Hunger Index: The Challenge of Hunger 2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Grebmer,   Klaus; Fritschel,   Heidi; Nestorova,   Bella; Olofinbiyi,   Tolulope; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Yohannes,   Yisehac.
The 2008 Global Hunger Index (GHI) shows that the world has made slow progress in reducing food insecurity since 1990, with dramatic differences among regions and countries. In the nearly two decades since 1990, some regions — South and Southeast Asia, the Near East and North Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean — have made significant headway in improving food security. Nevertheless, the GHI remains high in South Asia. The GHI is similarly high in Sub-Saharan Africa, where progress has been marginal since 1990. The GHI level in the world as a whole remains serious. The countries with the most worrisome hunger status and the highest 2008 GHI scores are predominantly in Sub-Saharan Africa, with the Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Burundi,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45914

CONSUMPTION INSURANCE AND VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY: A SYNTHESIS OF THE EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH, ETHIOPIA, MALI, MEXICO, AND RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15981

RURAL, URBAN COOPERATION IS THE KEY TO AN ADEQUATE FUTURE FOOD SUPPLY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Judice,   Jackie.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33514

Prospects for India’s Cereal Supply and Demand to 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhalla,   G.S.; Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Kerr,   John M.
IFPRI’s “2020 Vision Initiative for Food Agriculture, and the Environment” is intended to develop a shared vision on how to meet future world food needs while reducing poverty and protecting the environment. It brings together divergent schools of thought on these issues, working on the principle that divergent views can generate a constructive dialogue that will ultimately lead to a consensus for action. The current paper on projected supply and demand for cereals in India, and the possibility of an emerging cereal gap of serious proportions by the year 2020, is a useful illustration of the kind of constructive dialogue IFPRI hopes to encourage. It responds to several quite recent developments, notably the rapid expansion of India’s industrial and service...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42274

URBAN AND RURAL DIFFERENCES IN UTILIZATION OF STATE EARNED INCOME TAX CREDIT PROGRAMS: MINNESOTA'S EXPERIENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hirasuna,   Donald P.; Stinson,   Thomas F.
This paper examines utilization rates of Minnesota's earned income tax credit program by households on welfare from 1992 through 1999. We examine urban and rural differences in the rate of filing an income tax return and receiving the earned income tax credit. Tabulations show that urban areas have the lowest utilization rates, but are catching up in both income tax filing rates and earned income credit receipt rates. Regression analyses identify correlates to urban-rural differences. A modeling exercise examines how urban and rural households might respond to a 10 percent increase in the credit. Finally, policy suggestions are offered, which are relevant to urban and rural areas and are appropriate for other states.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18912

A Profile of the North West Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia; Bothloko,   Constance.
The North West agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 2.6% of the North West value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 1.7% of the population in the North West is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities to ensure growth in agricultural industries. This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size; And Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58055

THE IMPORTANCE OF FINANCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT FOR GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12886

Opportunities and Investment Strategies to Improve Food Security and Reduce Poverty in Mali through the Diffusion of Improved Agricultural Technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foltz,   Jeremy D.
This document reviews the potential agricultural technologies that exist or can feasibly be produced to help promote poverty reduction and food security in Mali in the next 5 to 10 years. Overall there are a plethora of good technologies either available, in the pipeline, or feasible with a small amount of research effort. In many cases succeeding in poverty reduction and increasing food security will not be about choosing the exact right technology, but about helping farmers access and know about a panoply of available technologies from which they can choose the  right one to maximize their future potential.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97141

Subcontracting Systems and Assistance Programs: Opportunities for Intervention
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mead,   Donald C.
Because of the role which parent firms can play in identifying recipients, in  specifying the nature of the assistance needed and in providing some required functions directly  themselves in tandem with the activities supported by the aid program, subcontracting systems can  provide a particularly cost-effective way of supplying aid to small producers.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural finance; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads December 2008-July 2009: 8; Q14.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54747

Booming Hydrocarbon Exports, De-Agriculturalization and Food Security in Trinidad and Tobago
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hosein,   Roger.
During the 1970s the Trinidad and Tobago (T&amp;T) economy experienced an oil boom because of increases in the level and production of crude oil and in the price each barrel of crude oil fetched on the international market. In the late 1990s to the present, the T&amp;T economy has benefited from another hydrocarbon boom.  This paper traces the trends in export agriculture, sugar and domestic agriculture during the first and second oil booms. Using the falling share of labour employed in a sector as a reflection of de-industrialization, the analysis reveals that during the first oil boom all three components of the agricultural sector were de-industrialized although in the period until 1993 these same sectors showed clear signs of re-industrialization....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Trinidad and Tobago; Food security; Dutch Disease; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36801

An Analysis of the Recent Evolution of Mali’s Maize Subsector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Amadou Sekou.
In most developing countries, historically, the main strategy for improving the food sector has focused on increasing farm-level production. But in recent years, with the emphasis on value chain analysis, there has been much more focus on subsector studies, demand-driven approaches, and improving vertical coordination to assure product quality to final consumption markets. Millet, sorghum, and later rice were the traditional leading three cereal crops produced and consumed in Mali. Maize has trailed them for more than two decades, but from mid 1990s on, it has been produced and consumed in much larger quantities. Given the potentials of maize, developing and better organizing its subsector has the potential to not only increase revenues for maize farmers,...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Value chain; Mali; Cereals; Food security; Agricultural marketing; Livestock feed; Industrial organization; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; L11-Production; Pricing; And Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms; N57-Africa; Oceania; O17-Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements; O33-Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes; Q12-Micro Analysis of Farm Firms; Farm Households; And Farm Input Markets; Q13-Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness; Q18-Agricultural Policy; Food Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101316

Factors Contributing to Recent Increases in Food Commodity Prices (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trostle,   Ronald.
Presentation to USDA Economists Group, Washington, DC, 10 June 2008
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food prices; Commodities; Biofuels; Crop production; Food demand; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43902

Wetlands, agriculture and poverty reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCartney,   Matthew P.; Rebelo,   Lisa-Maria; Senaratna Sellamuttu,   Sonali; De Silva,   Sanjiv.
In many places, growing population, in conjunction with efforts to increase food security, is escalating pressure to expand agriculture within wetlands. The environmental impact of wetland agriculture can have profound social and economic repercussions for people dependent on ecosystem services other than those provided directly by agriculture. If wetlands are not used sustainably, the functions which support agriculture, as well as other food security and ecosystem services, are undermined. This report synthesizes findings from multidisciplinary studies conducted into sustainable wetland agriculture by IWMI and partners in Africa and Asia. It highlights the value of wetland agriculture for poverty reduction as well as the need for more systematic planning...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Agriculture; Productivity; Ecosystems; Poverty; Food security; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113010

ASYMMETRY IN RAW MILK SAFETY PERCEPTIONS AND INFORMATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR RISK IN FRESH PRODUCE MARKETING AND POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Knutson,   Ronald D.; Currier,   Russell W.; Ribera,   Luis A.; Goeringer,   L. Paul.
Scientific evidence clearly indicates that consumption of raw milk carries substantial disease-inducing health risks. While federal U.S. policy mandates that milk moving in interstate commerce be pasteurized; within 41 of 50 states, raw milk can be obtained for consumption. Warning labels notwithstanding, a segment of U.S. consumers pays higher prices for higher-risk raw milk than for either organic or conventional milk. The behavioral factors leading to raw milk consumption are explored. The paternalistic regulatory options for reducing the risk associated with drinking raw milk are identified. Implications for fresh produce sold directly from farms to consumers or through farmers markets are drawn.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Raw milk; Pasteurization; Health risks; Behavioral economics; Bounded rationality; Paternalistic regulations; Public health; HACCP; GLOBALG.A.P.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; A12; A13; A14; D11; D18; D46; D71; D78; D82; I18; K23; K32; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116440

Analyzing Parental Influence on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maschkowski,   Gesa; Hartmann,   Monika; Grebitus,   Carola.
Most parents are aware of fruits and vegetables being healthy for children, but children's and adolescents's dietary intake of F&amp;V is still below the recommendations. The question to be investigated is: what fills the gap between parents' nutritional knowledge and children's diet? A mixed methods research was conducted to study parental perspective of children nutrition. Parental information needs were explored conducting a content analysis of 178 nutrition questions posed by parents 2008 contacting the helpdesk of a public funded consumer website. Each question was coded for main and sub topics, worries and fears, using a standardized coding form. Based on this study a questionnaire was developed inquiring parental knowledge, attitudes and perceived...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116413

Assessing Development Strategies and Africa's Food and Nutrition Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heidhues,   Franz; Atsain,   Achi; Nyangito,   Hezron Omare; Padilla,   Martine; Ghersi,   Gerard; Le Vallee,   Jean-Charles.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45765

Renda e activos de agregados familiares rurais em Moçambique, 2002-2005: É possível sustentar o desenvolvimento a favor dos pobres?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Cunguara,   Benedito; Boughton,   Duncan.
Mozambique made impressive reductions in poverty from 1996 to 2002. The national poverty rate, as documented by the National Household Consumption Survey Inquérito aos Agregados Familiares (IAF) expenditure surveys in those years, fell from 69.4% in 1996/97 to 54.1% in 2002/03. Consistent with the IAF expenditure survey results, Trabalho de Inquerito Agricola (TIA) rural household income surveys showed that mean and median rural household income per adult equivalent increased by 65% and 30% respectively from 1995/96 to 2001/02, and that all income quintiles shared in the income growth. Yet in spite of these impressive gains in household welfare, the majority of the country’s population remained below the poverty line in 2002/03 (51.5% in urban areas, 55.3%...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97146

Possible impacts of the transformation of water infrastructure on productive water uses: The case of the Seokodibeng village in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ladki,   Marvan; Seshoka,   Jetrick; Faysse,   Nicolas; Levite,   Herve; van Koppen,   Barbara.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water users’ associations; Water supply; Social participation; Land use; Water use; Villages; History; Domestic water; Irrigation water; Food security; Sanitation; Cost recovery; Project management; Pipes; Water balance; Livestock; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92656

WHAT'S THE BUZZ? WHAT'S A HAPPENIN'?: REFLECTIONS ON THE WORLD FOOD SUMMIT - FIVE YEARS LATER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyers,   William H.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13349

Impacts of Selected Title I Provisions of the Senate Committee Farm Bill
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Westhoff,   Patrick C.
This report examines selected provisions of Title I of the “Food and Energy Security Act of 2007,” as approved by the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37972

STUNTED CHILD - OVERWEIGHT MOTHER PAIRS: AN EMERGING POLICY CONCERN?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garrett,   James L.; Ruel,   Marie T.
Objective: This paper explores the global prevalence of an emerging phenomenon-the coexistence of a stunted child and an overweight mother in the same household. It also tests whether this phenomenon is associated with a country's level of economic development and urbanization. Policy directions for public nutrition are highlighted. Design: Data from 36 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were used (23 in Africa, 8 in Latin America, and 5 in Asia). Stunting was defined as height-for-age &lt; - 2 SD of the reference population and maternal overweight as a body mass index (BMI) of &gt; 25 kg/m2. World Bank and United Nations figures were used for GNP per capita (our indicator of economic development) and for level of urbanization, respectively. Descriptive...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16442

Pro-poor intervention strategies in irrigated agriculture: lessons from the Asian experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Irrigated agriculture has contributed greatly to food security in Asia - and irrigation projects present new opportunities for reducing poverty. This requires that projects deliberately tilt towards the poor. Moreover, policymakers, implementers and managers need to adopt an integrated approach when using irrigation as a pro-poor intervention strategy. With the right institutional and technical conditions, an effective incentives structure and proper implementation and management practices, pro-poor irrigation projects can make a significant difference to poverty in the region.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Poverty; Women; Water rights; Water allocation; User charges; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113057

Overcoming Asian Poverty: What Australia is Doing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Downer,   Alexander.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124429

FIGHTING FAMINE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: STEPS OUT OF THE CRISIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15909

Irradiation of Produce Imports: Small Inroads, Big Obstacles
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferrier,   Peyton Michael.
Fruit and vegetable imports to the U.S. have been growing, but fumigation, 25 the main treatment for quarantine pests on fruit and vegetables, faces an uncertain regulatory climate.Irradiation can act as an alternative treatment for foodborne pests, but it requires labeling and large investments in facilities. Though some consumers remain wary of the process, irradiated specialty products have gained a foothold where few alternative treatments are available.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121097

A COMPARISON OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD-SECURITY STATUS AND DIETARY INTAKE OF FOOD BOX RECIPIENTS IN MIDDLE TENNESSEE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Godwin,   Sandria L.; Tegegne,   Fisseha; Speller-Henderson,   Leslie.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27958

CRITICAL LINKAGES: LIVELIHOODS, MARKETS AND INSTITUTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Poole,   Nigel D.; Morrison,   Jamie; Kydd,   Jonathan; Urey,   Ian.
The benefits of livelihoods thinking and approaches are widely recognised. This paper focuses on an important gap in much of the conceptualisation and application of "livelihood approaches", a lack of emphasis on markets and their roles in livelihood development and poverty reduction. The omission is important as it can lead to failure to identify and act on market opportunities and constraints and on related institutional issues. The paper explores these arguments in more detail and suggests ways in which they may be addressed before concluding with a brief illustration of the application of the paper's arguments to a desk study on rural market development in Africa.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10919

“Pick the Tick” The Impact of Health Endorsements on Consumers’ Food Choices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mueller,   Simone C.; Umberger,   Wendy J.
To determine the efficiency of health-related endorsements in influencing consumer choice we report findings from two separate, unique discrete choice experiments (DCEs) involving fresh packaged beef steaks and seafood. In addition to quality and production-related attributes, the beef and seafood products also displayed a health endorsement: the Australian National Heart Foundation “Pick the Tick” certification. Another, more recently introduced health claim, “2 Serves a Week” was also included in the seafood experiment. Consumer awareness of the “Pick the Tick” certification was higher than any other extrinsic claim considered in the experiments. Furthermore, in both experiments, “Pick the Tick” had the highest impact and value relative to other...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Health claims; Food labelling; Discrete choice experiment; Beef; Seafood; Visual presentation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116436

SHOULD REGIONAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE BE A POLICY PRIORITY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Diao,   Xinshen; Bahta,   Yonas Tesfamariam.
We develop a detailed trade analysis to assess the potential impacts of a free trade agreement (FTA) on the agricultural sector of Southern African countries. We do this by combining the use of a partial equilibrium analysis with bilateral trade data at the four-digit Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) level for 193 agricultural industries in 14 Southern African countries. Results show that the overall welfare effects of a FTA would be positive but small in most countries. Largest benefits would go to countries with a regional comparative advantage for agriculture, while still being inefficient producers of regionally traded commodities. No direct gains for importing countries are expected because a FTA would increase imports from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional trade agreement; Southern Africa; Agricultural trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F15; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51734

Household Food Security in the United States, 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2006, meaning that they had access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households (10.9 percent) were food insecure at least some time during the year. About one-third of food insecure households (4.0 percent of all U.S. households) had very low food security—meaning that the food intake of one or more adults was reduced and their eating patterns were disrupted at times during the year because the household lacked money and other resources for food. Prevalence rates of food insecurity and very low food security were essentially unchanged from those in 2005. The typical food-secure household spent 31 percent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55966

The Economics of Health Behavior and Vitamin Consumption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schroeter,   Christiane; Anders,   Sven M.; Carlson,   Andrea; Rickard,   Bradley J.
Conventionally, fruits and vegetables have been the major source of micronutrients. However, with the rising availability of nutritional supplements, U.S. consumers no longer need to rely on food alone for their nutritional needs. Time-pressured consumers with limited cooking skills and nutrition knowledge may find it easier to take vitamin supplements. The objective of this paper is to determine the impact of lifestyle, diet behavior including vitamin supplement consumption, and food culture on diet quality outcomes as measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI) and total energy intake. We use the 2003-04 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the relationship between HEI and caloric intake. Further, our specific...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vitamins; Supplements; Fruits and vegetables; NHANES; Health production; Healthy Eating Index - 2005; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I1; H2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116391

DO FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IMPROVE HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY?: RECENT EVIDENCE FROM THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Jensen,   Helen H.
Food assistance programs play an important role in meeting the basic needs of low income households. This paper examines the interaction among food stamps, labor force participation and food insecurity status of low-income households under different program design and economic conditions. A simultaneous equation model with three probit equations links the program, work force participation and outcome. Results based on the Survey of Program Dynamics data suggest that Food Stamp Program participation is more responsive to changes in the program benefits than to changes in unemployment rate or nonlabor income; food insecurity status is more responsive to changes in the food program benefit or unemployment rate, than to nonlabor income.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Food security; Hunger; And welfare programs; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22219

USING A CHOICE EXPERIMENT TO ESTIMATE THE DEMAND OF HUNGARIAN FARMERS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND AGROBIODIVERSITY DURING ECONOMIC TRANSITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Birol,   Ekin; Kontoleon,   Andreas; Smale,   Melinda.
Hungarian home gardens are small farms that are repositories of agrobiodiversity and provide food security during economic transition. We use a choice experiment to test the hypothesis that farmer demand for home gardens will decrease as markets develop with European Union accession. Data represent 22 communities with varying levels of market and social infrastructure. We find that farmers located in more economically developed communities choose to be less dependent on small farms for food and prefer lower levels of agrobiodiversity. Findings indicate that the survival of small farms is jeopardized by economic change, but point to some conservation policy options.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Agrobiodiversity; Home gardens; Choice experiment; Multi-functional agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31937

Food Access and Food Security – An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonanno,   Alessandro; Li,   Jing.
This paper analyzes the effect of access to different types of food outlets on households’ food insecurity levels. Two years (2004 and 2005) of Current Population Survey – Food Security Supplement data are matched with MSA-level data on store counts of Wal-Mart Supercenters, small food stores (small grocery stores and convenience stores), medium and large grocery stores, and convenience stores associated with gas stations. Endogeneity of food stores’ location is accounted for to eliminate spurious correlation between households’ food security status and food access. Preliminary results indicate that, before accounting for endogeneity bias, the presence of Wal-Mart supercenters appears to be associated to higher levels of households’ food insecurity, while...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Access; 2-Stage Residual Inclusion; Wal-Mart; Convenience Stores; Grocery Stores; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Q18; L81; P46.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103218

THE DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF U.S. FOOD AID
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Mohapatra,   Sandeep; Snyder,   Donald L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28362

The Human Right to Food as a U.S. Nutrition Concern, 1976-2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.
For 30 years, U.S. food and nutrition scientists and policymakers concerned with food and nutrition have explored the possibility of making the human right to food (HRF) the moral and legal cornerstone of U.S. domestic and international initiatives in this area. The U.S. government has consistently opposed formal right-to-food legislation, labeling it as overly burdensome and inconsistent with constitutional law. In contrast, anti-hunger advocates have favored a rights-based framework as a way to hold government accountable for improving the nutritional situation of its poorest citizens and for saving lives and preventing malnutrition in developing countries. The U.S. government has continually expanded food and nutrition assistance at home and abroad, but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Human rights; Right to food; Malnutrition; Social welfare; United States; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42368

Welfare and Distribution Effects of Water Pricing Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruijs,   Arjan.
In this paper, distribution and welfare effects of changes in block price systems are evaluated. A method is discussed to determine, for a Marshallian demand function, equivalent variation in case of a block price system. The method is applied to analyze welfare and distribution effects of changing water prices in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. Results show that there is a trade off between average welfare and income distribution. A pro-poor price system may result in lower average welfare than a flat price system, but in higher individual welfare for the poor. Moreover, there is a trade off between revenues for the water company and income distribution. Even though pro-poor price systems may not be as good for average welfare as flat price systems,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water demand; Welfare economics; Equivalent variation; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D63; Q25; Q56.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7441

ON BOXES, CONTENTS AND USERS: FOOD SECURITY AND THE WTO NEGOTIATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diaz-Bonilla,   Eugenio; Thomas,   Marcelle; Robinson,   Sherman.
An important component of the current debate about agriculture trade negotiations is whether further liberalization of trade and agricultural policies may help or hinder food security in WTO member countries. These concerns were formulated first, in Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture negotiated during the Uruguay Round, which indicated that negotiations should take into consideration, among other things, "non trade concerns"; and in its preamble, which mentioned as examples of those concerns, "food security and the need to protect the environment". They were also reaffirmed in the Doha Declaration, which declares that "the long-term objective" is "to establish a fair and market-oriented trading system through a program of fundamental reform", and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16266

HEALTH FACTOR IN SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION, GERMAN EXAMPLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lorinczi,   Krisztian.
Consumer lifestyle and health are relevant factors to understanding consumption preferences. The number of lifestyle diseases has dramatically increased worldwide. The main cause for these diseases is the change in lifestyle; including a lack of attention to physical activity and good nutrition. Health and lifestyle are important factors by purchase decision process. In accordance with these, I examine the consumer behaviour toward soft drinks with special regards to healthy lifestyle and the state of health. My examinations can be considered mainly as a qualitative research among German students, which can serve as a basis for further analyses and research, however, the conclusions and experience gained from it are worthy of consideration. I...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Soft drink; Health; Marketing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53539

ROOTS AND TUBERS FOR THE 21st CENTURY: TRENDS, PROJECTIONS, AND POLICY OPTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Scott,   Gregory; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Ringler,   Claudia.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16340

SMALLHOLDER INCOME AND LAND DISTRIBUTION IN AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Yamano,   Takashi; Weber,   Michael T.; Tschirley,   David L.; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Neven,   David; Chapoto,   Antony; Zulu,   Ballard.
This paper provides a micro-level foundation for discussions of income and asset allocation within the smallholder sector in Eastern and Southern Africa, and explores the implications of these findings for rural growth and poverty alleviation strategies in the region.  Results are drawn from nationally-representative household surveys in five countries between 1990 and 2000:  Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Mozambique, and Zambia.  The paper shows that farm sizes in most of Africa are declining over time; that farm sizes are declining at a faster rate for households at the low end of the land size distribution; that Gini coefficient measures indicate that farm sizes within the small-farm sectors are generally more inequitably distributed than in Asia and Latin...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 15.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19692

Poverty Alleviation in the Horticulture Sector: Insights from Uganda and Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Achterbosch,   Thom J.; Allbritton,   Amanda; Quang,   Dang Viet; Eaton,   Derek J.F.; de Jager,   Andre; Meijerink,   Gerdien W.; Njue,   Evelyn; Ssonko,   Robinah; Stallen,   Marcel; Wertheim-Heck,   Sigrid; van Wijk,   Siebe.
There is increasing insight into how household poverty in rural and peri-urban areas is affected by developments in the markets for fruit, vegetables and flowers. This study extends the knowledge, and feeds into the debate on agricultural growth policies. Based on a positive outlook on the growth of horticultural production and distribution and marketing in the low income countries of Uganda and Vietnam, this paper asks whether poor and vulnerable groups in society share in the benefits of the foreseen economic expansion. Primary survey data is collected on the differentiated position of low-income households in different supply structures (with varying levels of vertical coordination) and markets (national, regional and international markets). The data...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7908

PRIVATE LABELS: A MECHANISM FOR FULFILLING CONSUMER DEMAND FOR HEALTHY FOOD?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weaver,   Robert D.; Moon,   Yongma.
As consumer preferences rapidly evolve with respect to health-related attributes of food, many have questioned the performance of the conventional food industry to fulfill new demand. As the structure of the industry has shifted toward conditions where retailers have access to and incentive to respond to rapidly changing information concerning consumer preferences, it is relevant to consider the conditions under which retailers will offer private labeled healthy food products not available from national brand manufacturers. This paper presents a theory of the dynamic, stochastic decision of retailers to offer private label products that are close substitutes to national brands. Within the context of salient features of healthy foods, we examine the role of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Private labels; Store brands; Health claims; Functional food; Real options; Product cannibalization; Food choice; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116397

A Profile of the North West Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of the North West. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15614

Implementing a Human Rights Approach to Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McClain-Nhlapo,   Charlotte.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45766

Spatial Patterns of Rural Poverty in the Sao Francisco River Basin, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Torres,   Marcelo; Vosti,   Stephen A.; Bassoi,   Luis H.; Howitt,   Richard E.; Maneta,   Marco P.; Rodrigues,   Lineu N.; Wallender,   Wesley W.; Young,   Julie A.
Information on the spatial distribution of poverty can be useful in designing geographically targeted rural poverty reduction programs. This paper uses recently released município-level data on rural poverty in Brazil to identify and analyze spatial patterns of rural poverty in the São Francisco River Basin (SFRB).  Moran's I statistics are generated and used to test for spatial autocorrelation, and to prepare cluster maps that locate rural poverty 'hot spots' and 'cold spots.'  Research results demonstrate that rural poverty is spatially correlated in some parts of the SFRB, and where correlated, worse-off (better-off) municípios tend to be located next to worse-off (better-off) municípios.  The policy implications of these results are discussed, as are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9733

Risk Belief, Producer Demand, and Valuation of Improved Irrigations: Results from Field Experiments in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muamba,   Francis; Kraybill,   David S.
This paper systematically estimates the potential benefit of introducing improved irrigation schemes in Mt. Kilimanjaro to help rain dependent farmers cope with the risks of climate change. The study uses Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to elicit farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for eliminating the risks of crop loss by accessing improved irrigation schemes. Data for the analysis were gathered using a double bounded survey from over 200 randomly-sampled farmers in 15 villages. The study makes a contribution to the applied welfare literature and should also be useful for policymakers in Africa. The policy contribution consists of valuation of improved irrigation in the presence of climate change risks. The applied welfare contribution consists of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to Pay; Climate Change; Irrigation; Risk Belief; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12; Q18; Q25; Q51; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61653

The Food Stamp Scheme in Sri Lanka: Costs, Benefits, and Options for Modification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Edirisinghe,   Neville.
Many developing countries attempt to assist low-income households to improve their nutritional intake by providing direct or indirect income transfers. The latter are more common and usually take the form of price subsidies on a range of staple foods. Direct transfers, such as issues of food coupons, are not as widely used as price subsidies. In this regard, the case of Sir Lanka is somewhat unusual, for over four decades it followed a policy of subsidizing food prices, and during the late 1970s, this policy was replaced by a direct transfer scheme in the form of food stamp program.  An analysis of the former food subsidy scheme of Sri Lanka was the subject matter of IFPRI Research Report 13, The Impact of Public Foodgrain Distribution on food Consumption...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Sri Lanka; Food Relief; Economic aspects; Government policies.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42173

MICROCREDIT AND THE POOREST OF THE POOR: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM BOLIVIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Navajas,   Sergio; Schreiner,   Mark; Meyer,   Richard L.; Gonzalez-Vega,   Claudio; Rodriguez-Meza,   Jorge.
We construct a theoretical framework that puts the social worth of a microfinance organization (MFO) in terms of the depth, worth to users, cost to users, breadth, length, and scope of its output. We then analyze evidence of depth of outreach for five MFOs in Bolivia. Most of the poor households reached by the MFOs were near the poverty line—they were the richest of the poor. Group lenders had more depth of outreach than individual lenders. The urban poorest were more likely to be borrowers, but rural borrowers were more likely to be among the poorest.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28334

Food Insecurity, Diet Quality, and Body Weight: Inter-Relationships and the Effect of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duffy,   Patricia A.; Zizza,   Claire A.; Zhu,   Min; Kinnucan,   Henry W.; Tayie,   Francis A.
Using data from the 1999-2002 rounds of the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), the inter-relationships between food insecurity, diet quality and body mass index (BMI) were examined.  The impact of smoking and alcohol consumption behaviors were also examined.  The relationship between BMI and food insecurity was found to be sensitive to the specification of control variables, such as age, income, and race and ethnicity.  Smoking was directly associated with lower BMI for both men and women; while alcohol consumption was directly associated with lower BMI only for men.  Smoking negatively affected food insecurity and diet quality, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI).  For women, these indirect effects were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6155

AN EVALUATION OF THE USDA FOOD SECURITY MEASURE WITH GENERALIZED LINEAR MIXED MODELS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Opsomer,   Jean D.; Jensen,   Helen H.; Pan,   Suwen.
Over the last decade, new information has been developed and collected to measure the extent of food insecurity and hunger in the United States. Common measurement of the phenomenon of hunger and food insecurity has become possible through efforts of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to develop a set of survey questions that can be used to obtain estimates of the prevalence and severity of food insecurity. This paper takes a closer look at the measurement of food insecurity and the effect of household variables on measured food insecurity. The effects of demographic and survey-specific variables on the food insecurity/hunger scale are evaluated using a generalized linear model with mixed effects. Data come from the 1995, 1997, and 1999 Food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity; Household hunger; Rasch model; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18507

SCHOOL MILK DEMAND – INTERACTION BETWEEN POLICY AND OTHER FACTORS: SOME PRELIMINARY FINDINGS OF A REGIONAL PROJECT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Christoph,   Inken B.; Peter,   Guenter; Rothe,   Andrea; Salamon,   Petra; Weber,   Sascha A.; Weible,   Daniela.
Given the recent steadily declining consumption of school milk in Germany, a research project was set up by the German Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, in affiliation with other institutions, to retrieve quantifiable information on the different influencing factors and to provide approaches for improving the school milk demand. Main objectives are to evaluate impacts of factors like price, attitudes and habits (especially consumption habits), social background, gender, economic situation, knowledge, product range and distribution form, as well as of nutritional education measures. Primary schools in North Rhine Westphalia were selected by stratified random sampling. Price impacts are derived by an experiment in which the price...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: School milk; Demand subsidy; Price experiment; Multilevel analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C02.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116415

CAUSES OF HUNGER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cohen,   Marc J.; Reeves,   Don.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16378

Poverty, Inequality, and Geographic Targeting: Evidence from Small-Area Estimates in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.; Nhate,   Virgulino.
Typical living standards surveys can provide a wealth of information about welfare levels, poverty, and other household and individual characteristics. However, these estimates are necessarily at a high level of aggregation, because such surveys usually include only a few thousand households, with coarse spatial stratification. Larger databases, such as national censuses, provide sufficient observations for more disaggregated analysis, but typically collect very little socioeconomic information. This paper combines data from the 1996–97 Mozambique National Household Survey of Living Conditions with the 1997 National Population and Housing Census to generate small-area (subdistrict) estimates of welfare, poverty, and inequality, with the associated standard...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Inequality; Poverty mapping; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59594

Empirical Analysis of Agricultural Growth and Unemployment in Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ayinde,   Opeyemi Eyitayo; Ayinde,   Kayode; Memudu,   I. J. B.; Ojehomon,   V.I.
Unemployment which has been identified as the major cause of poverty is a worldwide economic problem. Poverty alleviation has been a great concern to developing countries. The economic burden of unemployment on a society necessitates this study. Consequently, this study analyses the Nigerian agricultural growth rate, its contributions, and examines the linkage and dimension of agricultural growth and unemployment rates. Collected time series data were analyzed with the aid of t – test, Duncan Multiple Range test, Granger Causality test and regression analysis.   Results showed that Nigerian agricultural growth rate has an inverse relationship with unemployment and re – establish the Cobweb supply theory. In addition, increase in agricultural growth...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cobweb supply theory; Granger Causality test; Nigeria; Unemployment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52147

Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Indochina: Lessons from East Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.
"September 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-27).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: East Asia -- Economic conditions; Poverty.; Exports -- East Asia; Agricultural development; Vietnam; Viet Nam; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97534

Removing border protection on wheat and rice: effects on rural income and food self-sufficiency in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mai,   Yinhua.
In this paper, I use the Monash Multi-Country model – a dynamic Computable General Equilibrium model of China, Australia and the Rest of the World – to analyse the effects of removing border protection on wheat and rice in China. The analysis points to the possibility that removing border protection on wheat and rice may lead to an increase in rural income in China. This is mainly due to the following two factors. First, removing border protection on wheat and rice not only leads to a contraction in agricultural activities, but also leads to an expansion in manufacturing and services activities. Second, on average, rural households in China obtain over half of their income from manufacturing and services activities.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: CGE modelling; China; Rural income; Wheat and rice; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118533

The Economics of Natural Disasters - Implications and Challenges for Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Haen,   Hartwig; Hemrich,   Gunter.
A large and growing share of the world's poor lives under conditions in which high hazard risk coincides with high vulnerability. In the last decade, natural disasters claimed 79,000 lives each year and affected more than 200 million people, with damages amounting to almost US $ 70 billion annually. Experts predict that disasters will become even more frequent and their impact more severe, expecting a five-fold global cost increase over the next fifty years, mainly due to climate change and a further concentration of the world's population in vulnerable habitats. The paper argues that in order to mitigate disaster impact on poor population groups, development policy and disaster management need to become mutually supportive. Focusing on challenges...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25320

Associations between Poverty and Socio-economic Variables in a Typical Tswana Rural Village: New Insights
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moepeng,   Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell,   Clement A.
This paper reports on and analyzes primary survey data obtained from a survey of household heads on the rural village of Nshakazhogwe, a typical rural village in northeast Botswana. It examines the associations between the incidence of poverty of household heads in this village and the values of several socio-economic variables. The socio-economic variables considered are the age of the household head, the level of their educational attainment, their gender, the number of sources from which they obtain their income, whether or not they have some wage employment, whether they receive income transfers privately or from the government, whether they conduct a home business and whether or not they obtain income from sales of livestock, crops or natural...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Poverty; Incidence of Poverty; Household heads; Gender; Education; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123546

BEYOND GATEWAY CITIES: ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING AND POVERTY AMONG MEXICAN IMMIGRANT FAMILIES AND CHILDREN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crowley,   Martha L.; Lichter,   Daniel T.; Qian,   Zhenchao.
Our main objective is to better understand how new residential patterns have reshaped patterns of poverty among America's growing Mexican-origin population. We use data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Samples (IPUMS) to document recent changes in poverty rates among native-born and foreign-born Mexicans living in the Southwest and in new regions where many Mexican families have resettled. Our analysis focuses on how changing patterns of employment (e.g., in construction and food processing industries) have altered the risk of poverty among Mexican families and children. We demonstrate that the Mexican population dispersed widely throughout the United States during the 1990s. Perhaps surprisingly, Mexican workers, especially new immigrants, had...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18906

Agricultural Growth, Poverty Reduction and Millennium Development Goals in Africa: Outcomes of AAAE Conference
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nambiro,   Elizabeth; Omare,   Musa N.; Nkamleu,   Guy Blaise.
This report is a summary of emerging issues affecting African agriculture, recent experiences and policy proposals that can guide interventions in improving the sector’s productivity. Agriculture is at the centre of rural poverty reduction in Africa and urgent measures are needed to increase farm yields and incomes in order to stem collapse of economies and societies.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: AAAE; African Association of Agricultural Economists; Millennium development goals in Africa; Agricultural policies; Agricultural research systems; Poverty reduction; Agricultural productivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q010; Q130; Q170; Q180; Q560.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50144

Feeding the Cities and Greenhouse Gas Emissions - Beyond the Food Miles Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Cara,   Stephane; Fournier,   Anne; Gaigne,   Carl.
In this paper, we study the impact of urbanization on the location of agricultural production and the GHG emissions related to transportation activities. We develop an economic geography model where the location of agricultural activities and urban population are endogenous. We show that increasing agricultural yields induce the spatial concentration of agricultural production in the least urbanized region if agricultural transport costs are relatively low and in the most urbanized region otherwise. In addition, interregional trade in agricultural commodities is desirable to reduce GHG emissions, except when urban population is equally split between cities. However, the market may induce too much agglomeration of agricultural production when yields are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Urbanization; Agriculture location; Transport; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q10; Q54; R12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114350

A Test of the New Variant Famine Hypothesis: Panel Survey Evidence from Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Chapoto,   Antony; Myers,   Robert J.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/04/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Food security; Rural livelihoods; New variant famine hypothesis; Zambia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51485

How pro-poor are participatory watershed management projects?: An Indian case study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kurian,   Mathew; Dietz,   Ton.
This report draws on a survey and case study evidence from 28 watershed management groups in Haryana to argue that participatory watershed management projects need not necessarily safeguard the interests of poorer rural households.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Watershed management; Participatory management; Poverty; Farm income; Labor; Households; Women; Forest management; Dams; Irrigated farming; Case studies; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44542

THE DEMAND FOR FOOD QUALITY IN RUSSIA AND ITS LINKAGE TO OBESITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staudigel,   Matthias.
This study analyses whether Russian households differ in their choice of food quality when they differ in their number of overweight and obese members. Using survey data from the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS) for the years 1995-2005, households are classified into three weight groups. Quality elasticities of expenditures are estimated by a fixed-effects panel model regressing unit values of several food groups on expenditures and a set of household characteristics. Coefficients for each weight group are received by including interaction terms of expenditures and weight group dummies. A set of Wald tests is applied to test for slope heterogeneity across weight groups. Descriptive statistics reveal that obese households actually purchase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Unit values; Quality choice; Quality elasticity; Obesity; Russia; RLMS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C23; D12; I10; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116444

Plans communaux de sécurité alimentaire et leur relation avec les PDSEC, le PNSA et les Banques de céréales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Traore,   Abdramane; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Mali; Cereal banks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Q10; Q12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57143

THE CHALLENGES OF POVERTY REDUCTION WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO RURAL POVERTY AND AGRICULTURE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31850

A Multi-Criteria Approach to Assessing PDOs/PGIs: An Italian Pilot Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Galli,   Francesca; Carbone,   Anna; Caswell,   Julie A.; Sorrentino,   Alessandro.
The paper contribute to the assessment of PDO/PGI schemes by building an approach to measuring the actual performance of the PDO/PGI products in relation to the objectives of the European Regulation 510/2006. This is done through a multi-criteria ex-post analysis that compares the performance of different PDO/PGI products with respect to multiple criteria. The research presented, based on a small sample of Pdo cheese products in Italy, can be considered a pilot study that develops a comparative evaluation of the performance of PDO cheeses: i) relative to the different objectives of the schemes, ii) by using a set of suitable and informative indicators that can help to evaluate the effectiveness of a wide number of PDOs/PGIs with respect to the regulation’s...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Protected Designations of Origin (PDO); Protected Geographical Indications (PGI); Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis; Cheese; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121944

Options pour la croissance économique du Mali à travers l’application des sciences et technologies à l’agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kelly,   Valerie A.; Carpenter,   Janet; Easterling,   Tom; Kone,   Moctar; McCornick,   Peter G.; McGahuey,   Mike.
Recognizing that science and technology research (S&amp;T) is one of many inputs into the broader development process, USAID/Mali, via its Initiative to End Hunger in Africa, requested an assessment of the current S&amp;T situation in Mali. USAID asked the assessment team to produce a comprehensive strategic options plan for a Malian S&amp;T agenda that would identify priority short-term actions to stimulate uptake of S&amp;T results likely to make significant contributions to the attainment of Mali’s broad development goals, while simultaneously developing a coherent longer-term action plan to maintain and improve the human, physical, and financial capital needed to generate future streams of S&amp;T results. The scope of work for the assessment team...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mali; Growth; Technology; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57069

Improving Food Security in Africa: Highlights of 25 Years of Research, Capacity-Building, and Outreach.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Food Security Group at Michigan State University.
Decades of research have led to substantially improved understanding of the nature of food insecurity. A combination of economic growth and targeted programs resulted in a steady fall (until the food crisis of 2007/08) in the percentage of the world’s population suffering from undernutrition (from 20% in 1990/92 to 16% in 2006). Yet over a billion people still face both chronic and/or transitory food insecurity due to long-standing problems of inadequate income, low-productivity in agricultural production and marketing, and related problems of poor health and absence of clean water. Assuring adequate food security for such a large share of the world’s population is increasingly challenging due to continuing resource degradation driven by a combination of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Research; Capacity building; Outreach; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55050

Achieving Food Security in Mali: Key Issues and Investment Needs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Staatz,   John M.
A key role for USAID and its partners is to identify how their resources can best contribute to increasing the capacity of the private and public sectors in Mali to scale up their investments, and increase the impact of those investments, in relation to the food security dimensions of availability, access, utilization and stability. To fulfill this role will involve identifying opportunities presented in the Malian agricultural sector investment plan (PNISA) to address critical needs in each of these dimensions, the types of investment that will best address the needs, and the set of resources and skills that will enable Malian organizations and entrepreneurs to implement those investments successfully and at scale. Even with increased resources, however,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97139

On the Empirical Finding of a Higher Risk of Poverty in Rural Areas: Is Rural Residence Endogenous to Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.
Includes: On the Empirical Finding of a Higher Risk of Poverty in Rural Areas: Is Rural Residence Endogenous to Poverty?:COMMENT, by Thomas A. Hirschl; On the Empirical Finding of a Higher Risk of Poverty in Rural Areas: Is Rural Residence Endogenous to Poverty?: REPLY, by Monica Fisher. Research shows people are more likely to be poor in rural versus urban America. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who choose rural residence have unmeasured attributes related to human impoverishment? To address this question, two models are estimated using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data. A single equation Probit model of individual poverty replicates the well-documented finding of higher poverty risk in rural places. However, an instrumental variables...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Endogeneity; Instrumental variables; Omitted variable bias; Poverty; Rural; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31219

Sécurité alimentaire en Afrique Sub-saharienne: Quelle Stratégie de Réalisation?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango.
The analysis of the situation and perspectives on food security in Sub-Saharan Africa shows a growing gap between consumption and nutrition needs and food availabilities at the national, household and individual levels. The frailty of gains of productivity in food production and import capacities constitutes a major constraint to the realization of food security in the region. The growth of the agricultural sector becomes the prerequisite for food security improvement. However, the increase in agricultural productivity faces serious natural constraints such as climate contingencies, soil fertility and water control; socio-economic constraints such as the lack of capitalization, institutional weaknesses, lack of rural infrastructure and the frailty of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55455

Food Stamp Benefits Provide Fiscal Stimulus
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanson,   Kenneth.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123225

Food Insecurity and Vulnerability in Nepal: Profiles of Seven Vulnerable Groups
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lovendal,   Christian Romer.
This report documents the main findings of vulnerable group profiling work in Nepal. It identifies the characteristics and investigates the vulnerability for seven particular livelihood groups, notably marginal farm households in the Terai, in the hills and in the mountains, agricultural labour households in the Terai, porters in the hills and mountains, rural service castes, and poor urban workers in the informal economy in the Kathmandu Valley. Based on this analysis, it considers how these people cope during times of insufficient food production and/or earnings, and proposes actions that could be taken to reduce their vulnerability to becoming food insecure in the future.   Most of the research on poverty in Nepal during the past decades has focused...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Vulnerability; Food Insecurity; Vulnerable Groups; Livelihoods Profiling; Nepal; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23793

Rôle de Banques de céréales dans le dispositif de stockage de céréales au Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango; Diarra,   Salifou Bakary.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cereal banks; Food security; Emergency; Mali; Cereal stocks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57058

Food Security Strategies for the Republic of Fiji
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foraete,   Hiagi M.
The most challenging food security issues for Fiji toward 2010 are sustaining domestic food production levels in line with food demands and market potential, and continuing the transition from subsistence to semi-subsistence and commercial agriculture. The objectives of this study are to assess food security problems, identify effective strategies and formulate appropriate policy options for solving the respective problems. The main study subjects are food security risk-coping mechanisms and institutions, and government policies and action plans to improve food security.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32704

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND POVERTY REDUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16331

Most Infant Formula Purchased Through WIC
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor; Frazao,   Elizabeth.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122154

Are Staple Food Markets in Africa Efficient? Spatial Price Analyses and Beyond
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rashid,   Shahidur; Minot,   Nicholas.
Paper to be presented at the Comesa policy seminar “Food price variability: Causes, consequences, and policy options" on 25-26 January 2010 in Maputo, Mozambique under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Markets Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sub saharan Africa; Food security; Food prices; Markets; Efficiency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58562

Início Tardio da Campanha de Comercialização Agrícola 2009/10: Preços Altos Dominam a Comercialização
Provedor de dados: 31
Resultados das Investigações do SIMA-Departamento de Estatística e Departamento de Análise de Políticas MINAG - Direcção de Economia – Dpto. Estatística
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97037

Production, Processing and Marketing of potato in Karnataka, India- An Economic Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhajantri,   Shrinivas.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) popularly known as ‘The king of vegetables’, is grown in more than 100 countries in the world. Karnataka is one of the important Potato growing state in the country grown mainly in the districts of Hassan, Belgaum, Chikkaballapur and Kolar. The study was conducted to analyze Production, Processing and Marketing of Potato in Karnataka. The study reveals that Hassan district alone account for more than 41 percent potato production in the state. However production (0.40%) and productivity (9.22%) in the district during the last 5 years has shown insignificant growth rate. In Belgaum district potato production and productivity has increased with a growth rate of 5.23 and 10.26 percent which is significant. The potato processing...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Potato; Production; Processing; Marketing; Economic; Analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113945

Labor Market Competitiveness  and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goto,   Hideaki.
How does labor market competitiveness frame the impact of greater labor productivity and lower inequality on poverty? Specifically, does greater competitiveness increase the impact of higher labor productivity and lower inequality on poverty reduction? In a simple model, we show that there is complementarity between competitiveness and productivity – the greater is one, the larger is the impact of the other. This suggests that improving labor market competitiveness is worthwhile not only for its own sake, but because it improves the transmission mechanism from productivity increases to poverty reduction. We also derive precise conditions under which there is a similar complementarity between equality and competitiveness in poverty reduction.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Labor productivity; Market competitiveness; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; D6; I32; J2; J64.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51159

Economic Analysis of Options for Food Aid Policy in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boland,   Michael A.; Brautigam,   Alena.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; Food policy; Latin America; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93348

Networking in Meat Production Systems: The Influence of Cooperative Structures on Farmers’ Participation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deimel,   Mark; Theuvsen,   Ludwig.
Against the background of increasing competitive pressures and growing requirements with regard to food quality and safety, the significance of network-wide collaboration in food production has been pointed out in recent years. With this in mind, it is the objective of this paper to analyse pig farmers’ network participation in general and to explore whether cooperative structures in food supply chains influence the type as well as the quality of farmers’ network relations. Our results show that cooperative structures influence pig fattening farmers’ network participation concerning relationship quality with slaughterhouses as well as farmers’ choice of network partners for information exchange and consultancy. Furthermore, the results show that farmers...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Information exchange; Meat production; Network relationships; Relationship quality; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121843

Domestic Supply and Consumption Patterns of Coarse Grains, Pulses, Roots and Tuber Crops in Asia and the Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
Rural poor populations in Asia and the Pacific live mainly in disadvantaged areas, isolated, lacking infrastructure, with harsh climatic and ecological conditions. Coarse grains, pulses, roots and tubers (CGPRT crops) often offer one of the limited options for development under these circumstances. Information on the situation of these crops in national economies is limited and becomes a constraint in the design of pro-poor measures for this target group with an objective of poverty alleviation. This monograph presents and analyzes long-term trends and the evolution of CGPRT crops in ESCAP countries. Its comprehensive, yet detailed, coverage of crops and countries make it a reference for researchers, students and analysts involved with the development of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Coarse grains; Grain legumes; Root crops; Tubers; Supply; Consumption; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32730

Why Are Zambian Farmers Not Harvesting All Their Maize?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shipekesa,   Arthur M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
1. According to nationally representative Crop Forecast Survey data, over the past 10 years farmers have harvested between 55 and 90 percent of the area that they planted to maize. 2. In the 2009/10 and 2010/11 crop years, over 80 percent of the maize area planted by small- and medium-scale farmers was harvested, mainly due to favorable weather. 3. In 2010/11, the ratio of harvested to planted maize area was highest in Luapula, Northern and Eastern (all over 90%), and lowest in Western (56%) and Southern Province (70%). 4. The main reasons provided by Zambian farmers for not harvesting all their area planted to maize are: (i) wilting due to drought (50.6%); (ii) crop failure due to lack of fertilizer (25.6%); and (iii) floods, heavy rains, and water...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Maize; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113647

ETHIOPIA: THE URBAN FOOD-FOR-WORK PROJECT
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15915

Welfare Impacts of Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Trade Reforms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laborde,   David; Martin,   William J.; van der Mensbrugghe,   Dominique.
The variability of protection rates within sectors is frequently particularly high in agriculture relative to non-agriculture. Standard aggregation procedures ignore the variability within sectors, and underweight the importance of highly protected sectors. It therefore seems likely that they underestimate the potential benefits of agricultural trade reform relative to non-agricultural reform. This study examines this question using a new procedure for aggregating trade distortions. It finds that the key impact of using better aggregators is to increase the benefits of both agricultural and non-agricultural reform. It finds that using optimal aggregation procedures increases the measured importance of agricultural trade reform relative to non-agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Nonagricultural trade; Trade distortions; Tariffs; Aggregation; World Trade Organization; WTO; Trade reform; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F13; F14; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103958

Les Marges De Commercialisation Et L’équité Du Commerce Des Produits Alimentaires Au Togo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koffi-Tessio,   Egnonto M.; Tossou,   Kokou A.; Homevoh,   Etsri.
Face à l'inefficacité et l'inefficience des systèmes de commercialisation en ASS, la présente étude tente d’évaluer les marges commerciales et l’équité du commerce du maïs, du sorgho, du gari, de la tomate, de l’oignon, du poisson et du bétail au Togo. Elle conclut que les circuits commerciaux du pays s’intègrent dans un système commercial régional qui se traduit par des flux ouverts sur les pays voisins (Bénin, Ghana, Burkina) et lointains (Niger, Gabon). L’analyse des marges a permis de constater que le commerce des produits alimentaires est en général viable. Toutefois, les marges nettes demeurent modestes. L’analyse de l’équité révèle que la distribution des bénéfices sur les tronçons, n’est pas équitable. Certains acteurs amassent d’énormes profits...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Marges commerciales; Équité du commerce; Sécurité alimentaire; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52125

Consumer Perception of Sorghum Variety Attributes in the Lake Zone Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mafuru,   January M.; Norman,   David W.; Fox,   J.S.
Many sorghum varieties have been developed by research institutes in an effort to address food security problems in the semi-arid areas of Tanzania. Although sorghum is better adapted to drier areas than maize, farmer adoption rates for sorghum varieties are always lower than that of maize. In addition, maize based food is more acceptable to urban consumers than sorghum based food. In this study consumer evaluated quality attributes of sorghum ugali based on different varieties in order to determine marketing potential relating to the different improved sorghum varieties. A total of 231 consumers, randomly selected from urban and rural areas participated in a food panel to evaluate ugali prepared from five sorghum varieties (three improved, two local)....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Consumer perception; Conjoint analysis; Sorghum varieties; Tanzania; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52079

Mali's Agricultural Sector: Trends and Performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Kelly,   Valerie A.
This selective brief on Mali’s agricultural sector trends and performance focuses on cereal, livestock and fisheries production. We also review recent developments in the fertilizer sector given the importance of sustainable intensification to reduce pressure on natural resources. We begin with a thumbnail sketch of Mali’s agricultural sector.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97137

Brazil Agriculture Policy Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quiroga,   Jose; Brooks,   Jonathan; Melyukhina,   Olga.
In June 2005, OECD members met with senior government officials from Brazil to discuss Brazilian agricultural policies and future directions, as a part of a comprehensive agricultural policy review. Ongoing dialogue with Brazil on policy issues is important to fostering a better understanding of global challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. Results of the review will be published by the OECD in 2005. This policy note provides a preview of key findings.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: OECD; Policy issues; Reforms; Economy; Macroeconomic stabilization; Structural reforms; Trade liberalization; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52068

Nutritional &amp; Health Claimed Products Market Development in Serbia: Exploration of Findings Obtained from In Depth Interviews
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stojanovic,   Zaklina; Ognjanov,   Galjina; Dragutinovic-Mitrovic,   Radmila.
The main objective of this paper is to present the most relevant findings obtained from in depth interviews with processors and retailers about the N&amp;H claimed products market in Serbia. In our research we addressed the following set of topics: motivations and barriers to offer N&amp;H claimed products at domestic market and perception of consumer demand toward N&amp;H claimed products in Serbia. Significant differences between Serbia and other WBC are explored. Statistical testing includes nonparametric test based on two independent samples (Mann- Whitney test). Findings support overall conclusion that this market segment in Serbia is underdeveloped and rather producer than consumer driven.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: N&amp;H products market; Motivations; Barriers; Consumer demand; Development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q13; D21.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116446

Caloric Sweetened Beverage Taxes: The Good Food/Bad Food Trap
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Robbin S.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beverage Taxes; Obesity Prevention; Public Health Strategies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; H; H2; H25.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117138

RE-ENGINEERING THE WELFARE SYSTEM - A STUDY OF ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES TO THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM: FINAL REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bell,   Loren; Pachikara,   Susan; Williams,   Susan Schreiber; Gabor,   Vivian.
All States in a recent study undertook at least one "re-engineering" activity in their Food Stamp Programs (FSPs) as a result of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA). In addition, 35 States implemented changes in 3 or more re-engineering categories, while 24 States planned changes for fiscal year (FY) 2000 in 2 or more categories. PRWORA dramatically changed the systems that provide cash assistance and food stamps to low-income Americans. Along with mandatory changes in food stamp eligibility, States were given greater flexibility to administer their programs to meet their unique needs. While States had begun changing the way program services were delivered before passage of welfare reform legislation, PRWORA...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: PRWORA; Service delivery; Structure; Casework; Accessibility; Client tracking; Monitoring; Conforming; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33885

Agricultural Efficiency Gains and Trade Liberalization in Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   Khalid H.A.; Babiker,   Babiker Idris.
The traditional agriculture in Sudan occupies 60% of the total cultivated land and employs 65% of the agricultural population. Nevertheless, it is characterized by its low crop productivity, which is mainly driven by low technical efficiency, while drought and civil conflicts threaten most of its areas countrywide.  Therefore, it has contributed only an average of 16% to the total agricultural GDP during the last decade. This paper addresses from an empirical point of view the sectoral and macroeconomic implications of agricultural efficiency improvement in Sudan and assesses the efficiency gains under the assumption of trade liberalization. Efficiency improvement experiments are implemented by augmenting the efficiency parameters of labor, capital, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural efficiency; Liberalization; Sudan SAM; CGE analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; D2; D5; D6; E1; E2; F1; F2; H2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112786

Farmer Acceptance of Genetically Modified seeds in Germany: Results of a Cluster Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gyau,   Amos; Voss,   Julian; Spiller,   Achim; Enneking,   Ulrich.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cluster analysis; German farmers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q2.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92552

TRAJETORIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO:REVISITANDO O PASSADO PARA REPENSAR O FUTURO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cazella,   Ademir Antonio; Goncalves,   Diogo Alvim; Cerdan,   Claire.
Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar em que medida os problemas da pobreza e da degradação ambiental da região de São Joaquim, em Santa Catarina, vêm sendo historicamente gerenciados pelos agentes de planejamento e gestão do desenvolvimento regional. Para tanto, recuperamos a trajetória do desenvolvimento desde a colonização até hoje. A partir desta trajetória, investigamos os recursos (naturais e humanos) mobilizados para impulsionar as estratégias de desenvolvimento adotadas ao longo do tempo. As reflexões sobre o histórico e cenário atual da região levaram à conclusão de que os problemas destacados não representam uma prioridade nas agendas de planejamento do desenvolvimento regional. As conseqüências socioambientais do desenvolvimento regional são...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento; Gestão; Ecossistemas; Socioambiental; Development; Management; Ecosystems; Nature-society; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109800

Climate Change and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Darwin,   Roy.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33645

Increased SNAP Benefits Provide Countercyclical Boost
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanson,   Kenneth; Morrison,   Rosanna Mentzer.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124210

The Influence of Market Barriers and Farm Income Risk on Non-Farm Income Diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olale,   Edward; Nazli,   Hina.
Empirical evidence shows that non-farm income diversification is associated with higher welfare among farm households. However, most studies have ignored market barriers and farm income risk in explaining income diversification behaviour. This study develops an analytical framework that includes both market barriers and farm income risk, in addition to other factors, in explaining income diversification behaviour. The analytical framework is used to test the hypotheses that: market barriers reduce the intensity of non-farm income diversification; and farm income risk increases the intensity of non-farm income diversification. The results confirm the hypotheses, suggesting that market barriers and farm income risk are key factors in explaining income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market barriers; Farm income risk; Income diversification; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60915

Labor requirements and profitability of alternative soil fertility replenishment technologies in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ajayi,   Olu Clifford; Akinnifesi,   Festus K.
Low soil fertility is a major concern in agricultural productivity and development policy discourse in sub-saharan Africa. The problem is exacerbated by government withdrawal from fertilizer input markets and the inability of private sector operators to fill the gap. This warranted a search for other nutrient sources to supplement chemical fertilizers. Based on field data collected in Zambia, this study assessed the labor inputs implications of “improved tree fallows”, continuous maize cropping with and without mineral fertilizer and, evaluated the financial profitability of the different land use systems. Results show that agroforestry-based land use systems are more profitable (NPV between $233 and $309 per ha) than farmers’ practice of continuous maize...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Improved tree fallows; Financial analysis; Production economics; Southern Africa; Sustainable agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52185

Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia: The Case of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54713

Die Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik der EU: Die Wirkungen von Direktzahlungen aus entwicklungspolitischer Perspektive
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brümmer,   Bernhard; Fahlbusch,   Markus.
In der Diskussion über die Fortführung der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik nach 2014 spielen die entkoppelten Direktzahlungen eine dominierende Rolle. Während sich die Debatte innerhalb der EU vor allem um die langfristige Begründung solcher Direktzahlungen dreht, steht aus Sicht der internationalen Handelspartner stärker die Frage im Vordergrund, inwieweit von den formal entkoppelten Zahlungen nicht doch Produktions- und damit Handelswirkungen ausgehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden in der vorliegenden Studie zunächst die theoretischen Wirkungen, die von formal entkoppelten Direktzahlungen auf die Erzeugung von Agrargütern ausgehen können, erörtert. Anschließend wird mit Hilfe einer empirischen Analyse der Handelsströme bei ausgewählten Agrarprodukten im Export...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Handelsanalyse; Politikfolgenabschätzung; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F-13; F-14; Q-11; Q-13; Q-17; Q-18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123355

Compte rendu de la Réunion sur la Proposition du Programme de Renforcement des Capacités de sécurité alimentaire au niveau des communes, cercles et régions du PASIDMA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Presidence De La Republique; Republique Du Mali Un Peuple Un But Une Foi; Commissariat A La Securite Alimentaire; Comite Technique De Coordination Des Politiques De Securite Alimentaire; Secretariat Technique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55813

The Food Costs of Healthier School Lunches
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Newman,   Constance.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture proposed and adopted a new set of meal pattern requirements for the National School Lunch Program that will allow schools to claim 6 cents more in lunch reimbursement rates. This study analyzes the food costs of school menus in 2005 that met many of the proposed requirements. Overall, schools that served more, and more diverse, non-starchy vegetables had higher average food costs, and schools that served menus with lower calories had lower food costs. The food costs of school lunch menus that met the combined standards for dark green vegetables, orange vegetables, other vegetables, lowfat/fat-free milk, and fruit averaged 9 cents more per meal in 2005 dollars when other major factors that could affect food choices are...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: National School Lunch Program (NSLP); Food assistance; Nutrition; School food service; NSLP costs; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123310

Is Increased Global Price Volatility Here to Stay? Implications for the World's Poorest (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50605

Identification des besoins d’information des utilisateurs pour le développement des échanges dans la sous région OA. Rapport du SIMA/Niger
Provedor de dados: 31
Reports (in French) on Stakeholders' Market Information Needs to Engage in Regional Trade. Niger
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information; Niger; Agriculture; Food security; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57265

INDUSTRIALIZATION AS A POVERTY POLICY: TOWARD A MICRO ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bryant,   W. Keith.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1968
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13346

Impact of Natural Resource Conservation Policies on Household Consumption Around Zambian National Parks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tembo,   Gelson; Bandyopadhyay,   Sushenjit; Pavy,   Jean-Michel.
Key Policy Points - Game Management Areas (GMAs) in Zambia aim to combine nature conservation with economic empowerment of rural households and communities. - We find evidence of consumption gains from living in GMAs and from participating in natural resource management through Community-Resource Boards (CRBs) and Village Action Groups (VAGs). - However, these benefits are unevenly distributed. Only GMAs with limited alternative livelihoods (Bangweulu and South Luangwa) exhibit significant consumption benefits. Also, the benefits accrue mainly to the relatively well off while the poor do not gain even if they participate. - Resources from ZAWA to CRBs seldom reach the VAGs. Richer, more educated community members participate at CRB or higher level while...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Policy; Natural resources; Conservation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q18; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55055

How Can Safety Nets Do More with Less? General Issues with Some Evidence from Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Zeller,   Manfred.
This paper reviews design features by which safety nets might do more with less. It reviews the current evidence on their success in practice–including three brief reviews of southern Africa experience–and suggests a role for future policy research in furthering the goal of designing safety nets that reduce poverty in a cost-effective way. In doing so, the paper highlights a tension between the large gaps in our knowledge about the design of safety nets and the demand for short-run answers in this area.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Southern Africa; Welfare Economics; Safety Nets; Research; Poverty Alleviation; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97304

INTRODUCING NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR HOUSEHOLDS WITH MALNUTRITION: AN ETHIOPIAN CASE STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yigezu,   Yigezu A.; Sanders,   John H.
Many developing regions have excellent potential agricultural resources. However, historically population has become so concentrated on such small holdings that acute poverty and malnutrition now predominate. The food scientists’ response to the chronic nutritional problem has often been subsidized bio-fortification with nutritional supplements or more recently cultivars with higher nutrient levels. Where much of the population is in this inadequate nutrition category as in highland Ethiopia, the supplements are neither financially feasible nor sustainable. The cultivars can provide a few critical nutrients but are not a comprehensive solution. To improve nutrition, it is necessary to increase income so that an increased quality and quantitative diet can...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Agricultural technologies; Striga resistance; Inorganic fertilizers; Tied-ridges; Marketing strategies; Inventory credit; Nutrition; Income; Capped-lexicographic utility.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; O33; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36813

Making Information and Communication Technologies Work for Food Security in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bertolini,   Romeo.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45768

Science and Poverty: An Interdisciplinary Assessment of the Impact of Agricultural Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Adato,   Michelle; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Agricultural research has greatly increased the yields of important staple food crops, and for many people this has meant more food availability and trade opportunities. Yet many people in rural areas in developing countries still live in abject poverty. Therefore, policymakers, donors, and researchers are refocusing their priorities away from simply producing more food to making sure that agricultural research benefits the poor in particular. How can we ensure that new agricultural technologies are appropriate for the different groups of people who most need assistance? Furthermore, how can we assess whether these new technologies actually reduce poverty? This report provides valuable answers by synthesizing lessons learned from seven case studies from...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42566

International trade, regional integration and food security in the Middle East
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: DeRosa,   Dean A.
Against the background of increasing interest in closer economic relations in the Middle East, the contribution that greater integration of markets might make to improving food security in the region is investigated, using a quantitative framework for gauging the reduction in instability of market supplies for cereal, meat, and dairy commodities under regional cooperation schemes versus more general policies to increase the integration of Middle East markets with markets in Western Europe and the world at large. Nondiscriminatory trade liberalization yields the greatest improvements in food security, but expansion of intra-regional trade relations also result in improved food security, except in the case of wheat and other cereals because of already...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51812

Is there an Intrahousehold Flypaper Effect? : Evidence from a School Feeding Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacoby,   Hanan G.
Are public transfers targeted toward children largely neutralized by the household, as the theory of altruism implies, or is there an intrahousehold “flypaper effect” whereby such transfers “stick” to the child? This paper studies the impact of a school feeding program on child caloric intake in the Philippines. Because children are interviewed on school days and nonschool days, and because some schools offer a feeding program and others do not, the dietary impact of the program is identified under mild restrictions. The empirical results confirm an intrahousehold flypaper effect; indeed, they indicate virtually no intrahousehold reallocation of calories in response to the feeding program. In poorer households, however, children’s gains from the program...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Philippines; Resource Allocation; School Children; Food; Child Feeding; Resource Allocation; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97293

Impact of Agricultural Research on Poverty Alleviation: Conceptual Framework With Illustrations From the Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   John M.; Kolavalli,   Shashidhara.
This paper reviews the literature on the subject of the role of improved agricultural technology in alleviating poverty in developing countries. Focusing primarily on improved cultivars produced by the international agricultural research system, it shows how new technology combines with other socioeconomic and institutional factors to determine poverty alleviation outcomes. Technology’s role in alleviating poverty is both indirect and partial; technology alone cannot overcome poverty, nor can continued poverty be blamed on improved technology. The review is organized into three parts in addition to the introduction and conclusion. Part I introduces poverty (Chapter 2) and the achievements of agricultural research (Chapter 3).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42826

PRISAS/INSAH-MSU-USAID Sahel Regional Food Security Project: Results and Impact
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dione,   Josue; Tefft,   James F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 8.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11369

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebremedhin,   Tesfa G.
Although world food and agricultural production, based on current trends, will be sufficient to meet demand in the decades ahead, the world still faces a serious food crisis, at least as perilous and life-threatening for millions of poor people as those of the past. To this end, the main objective of this paper is to illuminate the world food situation and to provide a critical analysis of the core causes of world food insecurity by identifying the various misconceptions surrounding our understanding of hunger, starvation, and poverty. A clear and deeper awareness of the real causes of hunger and malnutrition in poor countries is imperative to enable and challenge policy makers and planners to lay the groundwork at the grass-roots level for appropriate...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food distribution; Food security; Food supply; Hunger; Malnutrition; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14663

PUBLIC SPENDING AND POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heltberg,   Rasmus; Simler,   Kenneth R.; Tarp,   Finn.
Poverty reduction strategies often highlight public spending to improve health and education, focusing on investments in human capital among poorer members of society. In addition, debt relief programs such as the enhanced Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative often require increased spending on health and education in return for debt cancellation. Mozambique's poverty reduction strategy is closely integrated with the government expenditure program, yet up to now little is known about the extent to which public spending is targeted toward the poor in Mozambique. This paper assesses whether public expenditures on education and health are successful at reaching the poorer segments of the Mozambican population. Standard nonbehavioral...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16462

ON THE TARGETING AND REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFICIENCIES OF ALTERNATIVE TRANSFER INTRUMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.; Skoufias,   Emmanuel.
We show how the so-called distributional characteristic of a policy instrument can be additively decomposed into two components: one that captures the targeting efficiency of the instrument, the other its redistributive efficiency. Using these measures, we provide an interpretation of the commonly used leakage and undercoverage rates (and other indices based on these concepts) within standard welfare theory. Essentially, one can interpret such indices as special (and restrictive) cases of the targeting efficiency index. As well as failing to capture the relative redistributive efficiencies of policy instruments, they also implicitly assume a set of value judgments consistent only with the commonly used poverty gap. For illustrative purposes, we present an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16470

MORE THAN FOOD IS NEEDED TO ACHIEVE GOOD NUTRITION BY 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Bhattarai,   Saroj; Immink,   Maarten; Kumar,   Shubh K.; Slack,   Alison.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16332

FOOD PURCHASING OF DIFFERENT HOUSEHOLD TYPES IN TIMES OF RESTRICTED BUDGET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yildiz,   Juliane.
The second German National Nutrition Survey (NVS II) provides current data for the German population. From this study, data of food purchasing in times of restricted budget will be used for a secondary analysis. In a second step qualitative interviews will be conducted in which indepth information will be gained on consumers’ motives, attitudes, fears and response strategies (to a decreased household budget) regarding food purchases.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116396

Avaliação dos Impactos dos Programas de Monetização de Trigo e Óleos Comestíveis Não Refinados do Título II em Moçambique, 1997-2007.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Zavale,   Helder; Tschirley,   David L.
De 1997 a 2007, os programas de monetização do Título II da Agência Americana para o Desenvolvimento Internacional (USAID) venderam mais de $200 milhões de trigo e óleos vegetais não refinados destinados à ajuda alimentar em Moçambique. Este estudo tem três objectivos: 1) documentar as lições aprendidas dos programas passados de monetização em Moçambique; 2) identificar os efeitos desejados e indesejados da monetização em Moçambique; e 3) documentar sucessos indirectos em resultado da utilização da monetização em Moçambique, se os houver. Os programas de monetização em Moçambique implementados até 1997 tiveram efeitos positivos sobre o desenvolvimento de mercados e contribuíram para a segurança alimentar num período crítico. Durante os períodos...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97057

Zero Tillage for Weed Control in India: the Contribution to Poverty Alleviation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Corbishley,   James; Pearce,   David.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113172

Indicators
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parker,   Timothy S.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122969

Linkages between government spending, growth, and poverty in rural India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Thorat,   Sukhadeo.
This research report on India addresses an important policy issue faced by policymakers in many developing countries: how to allocate public funds more efficiently in order to achieve both growth and poverty-reduction goals in rural areas. This research is particularly important at a time when many developing countries are undergoing substantial budget cuts as part of macroeconomic reforms and adjustment. The econometric model employed in this research includes a broad range of government expenditure items. It traces their effects on productivity growth and poverty alleviation and ranks them, exploring the potential trade-offs and complementarities of the two goals. Of the various investments weighed, the report finds that investments in rural roads and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Rural poor; India; Domestic Economic assistance; Public investments; Government spending policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37898

Food Aid as Surplus Disposal? The WTO, Export Competition Disciplines and the Disposition of Food Aid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardwell,   Ryan T.; Fridfinnson,   Brooke; Rude,   James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7714

Gendered Impact of Irrigated Rice Schemes’ Governance on Farmers’ Income, Productivity and Technical Efficiency in Benin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kinkingninhoun-Medagbe,   Florent M.; Diagne,   Aliou; Agboh-Noameshie,   Afiavi R.; Adegbola,   Patrice Ygue.
Collective actions groups have many advantages and are sometimes essential, yet they can reinforce or perpetuate inter-and intra-gender inequalities when their functioning is left entirely subject to internal community dynamics and they are not well managed. This is well illustrated by the case of Koussin-Lélé rice scheme in the central Benin. This paper apply inequality indices and frontier production function to data from a sample of male and women rice farmers to analyze the gender inequalities in access to land and the governance of the groups, and their gender-differentiated impacts on farmers' productivity, technical efficiency and income. The results show that women are particularly discriminated against with regards to access to land, with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gender; Land distribution; Rice; Technical efficiency; Productivity; Income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52156

Income Growth in Developing Countries Can Increase U.S. Agricultural Exports
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager; Muhammad,   Andrew; Rada,   Nicholas E.
Developing and middle-income countries are becoming increasingly important export markets for high-value agricultural products due to population, urbanization, and income growth. The U.S. agricultural export sector is well placed to meet the increasing demand for high-value food products, such as meat, dairy products, and prepared foods. In many developing countries, agricultural productivity growth is the strongest driver of income growth.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121240

Locating the poor: Spatially disaggregated poverty maps for Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Samad,   Madar; Anputhas,   Markandu.
This report presents the results of subnational poverty estimation using aggregate poverty statistics and how they can help policy interventions. In particular, they estimate the poverty map across the DS division level in Sri Lanka. The poverty map depicts the proportion of households below the poverty line, which is based on household expenditure for food for obtaining the minimum calorie requirement.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Mapping; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44546

How Accurate is Participatory Wealth Ranking (PWR) in Targeting the Poor? A Case Study from Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Feulefack,   Joseph; Neef,   Andreas.
PWR is a participatory poverty assessment method that uses the ratings of local reference groups concerning the relative poverty status of households in their community. This paper assesses the accuracy of PWR in predicting absolute (income) poverty, and compares PWR with three other poverty assessment methods. Using a village census in 8 villages located in three of the six divisions of Bangladesh, 1660 households have been scored using the PWR method. A randomly selected subsample of 320 households was interviewed with a questionnaire employing the Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) method. The data allow the identification of households that have per-capita expenditures below the international poverty line of 1 dollar a day. Our results show that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Participatory wealth ranking; Poverty targeting; Bangladesh; LSM; Food Security and Poverty; I3; C8.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25237

Programme de renforcement des capacités de planification des actions de sécurité alimentaire au niveau des régions, des cercles et des communes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Presidence De La Republique; Republique Du Mali Un Peuple Un But Une Foi; Commissariat A La Securite Alimentaire; Comite Technique De Coordination Des Politiques De Securite Alimentaire; Secretariat Technique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55818

SATISFACTION OF THE EMPLOYED IN FOOD BUSINESSES AND SUCCESS OF FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grujic, Radoslav; Grujic, Slavica; Durasinovic, Pejo; Pavlovic, Pero.
Efficiency of food safety management system application, such as HACCP system, depends on personnel employed in a company (salary, social status, job stability, superiors’ relation toward workers and relationship among workers themselves, knowledge background, etc). Results presented in this paper are the results of surveys conducted in food businesses in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A special part of the research is related to employees’ social status and employees’ opinion of their status in a company.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: HACCP; Employees’ social status; Efficiency of HACCP system application.; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; J28; L23; L66; M11; UDC: 664.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92357

Not by Bread Alone: The Next Food Revolution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sere,   Carlos.
Livestock contribute to the livelihoods of 70% of the world’s poor, including farmers, traders and labourers. The next food revolution will dramatically expand production and consumption of animal products in the developing world. This revolution, however, also threatens the livelihoods of these poor livestock keepers. Public international research can mitigate this threat and thus contribute to addressing broad developmental goals of sustainable poverty reduction, food security and enhanced livelihoods. The ‘livestock revolution’ can provide tremendous opportunities to relieve poverty and hunger worldwide, and could increase the ability of millions of poor people to move out of a subsistence existence and to join the market economy. But the competitive...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124006

FOOD STAMPS: PROGRAM PARAMETERS AND STANDARDS OF LIVING FOR LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Mark G.; Johnson,   Stanley R.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30240

Deforestation in Indonesia: A Household Level Analysis of the Role of Forest Dependence and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Purnamasari,   Ririn S.
Paper removed for revision at request of author - 09/20/07.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tropical deforestation; Agricultural extensification; Land use change; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10353

IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON HOUSEHOLD WELFARE: ASSESSING THE CASE OF SAMURDHI PROGRAM IN SRI LANKA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thibbotuwawa,   R.M.M.I.; Printhika,   B.L.D.S.; Jayasinghe-Mudalige,   Udith K.; Udugama,   J.M.M.
Household Income &amp; Expenditure Survey (2006/07) data were used to estimate the impacts of ‘Samurdhi’ – the largest state-sponsored microfinance program in Sri Lanka – on the status of household income, health, education, and food and non-food consumption. Propensity Score Matching was used to minimize selection bias. Propensity scores were estimated using a Probit Model to match “treated” households with “control” group to identify the impacts. The results show that Samurdhi possesses a significant impact on household welfare on income, consumption and education, despite the inefficiencies and political interferences associated with distribution of intended services.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Household welfare; Propensity Score Matching; Samurdhi Poverty Alleviation Program.; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124320

HYBRID RICE TECHNOLOGY FOR FOOD SECURITY IN THE TROPICS: CAN THE CHINESE MIRACLE BE REPLICATED IN THE SOUTHEAST ASIA?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janaiah,   Aldas; Hossain,   Mahabub; Casiwan,   C.B.; Ut,   T.T.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11835

O Desafio Do Saláio Minimo: Considerações Teóricas E Práticas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Low,   Jan W.; Boughton,   Duncan; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco; Mole,   Paulo Nicua; Massingue,   Jaquelino.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56053

HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN THE UNITED STATES, 2001
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year 2001. The rest were food insecure at least some time during the year, meaning they did not always have access to enough food for active, healthy lives for all household members because they lacked sufficient money or other resources for food. The prevalence of food insecurity rose from 10.1 percent in 1999 to 10.7 percent in 2001, and the prevalence of food insecurity with hunger rose from 3.0 percent to 3.3 percent during the same period. This report, based on data from the December 2001 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33865

COMIDA PARA LA EDUCATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15904

Global food crisis; Monitoring and assessing impact to inform policy responses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd; Minot,   Nicholas; Pender,   John L.; Robles,   Miguel; von Braun,   Joachim.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54045

Understanding and Reducing Child Malnutrition in Mali: Interim Research Findings for the Project on Linkages between Child Nutrition and Agricultural Growth (LICNAG)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Kelly,   Valerie A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 8.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11462

VOLUNTARY RESTRICTIONS ON TELEVISION ADVERTISING FOR CARBONATED SOFT DRINKS: THE IMPACT ON CONSUMER DEMAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berning,   Joshua P.
The health implications and costs associated with increasing levels of obesity are a widespread global issue. In the United States, there is a growing interest in identifying methods to reduce obesity levels. Particular focus has been given to advertisements for unhealthy foods, especially advertisements directed at young children as a number of studies conclude that advertising influences the perceptions, requests and short-term consumption behavior of young children. Recently, several of the largest global food producers began voluntary selfregulation of their advertisements to children under the age of 12. The group of participants includes the two largest carbonated soft drink (CSD) manufacturers. We estimate the demand for CSDs in the US over 15...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Advertising restrictions; Demand system; Carbonated soft drinks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116418

The Role of Exchange Rates and Domestic Policies on Global Rice Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jamora,   Nelissa; Valera,   Harold Glenn; Matriz,   Mary Joanne; Molina,   Imelda; Mohanty,   Samarendu.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61681

Irrigation, poverty and inequality in rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Qiuqiong; Dawe,   David; Rozelle,   Scott; Huang,   Jikun; Wang,   Jinxia.
This paper examines the impact of irrigation on rural incomes, poverty and the income distribution in rural China. The relationship between irrigation and income is examined using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis. A simulation approach is used to explore the impact of irrigation on poverty incidence. To uncover the effect of irrigation on the income distribution, inequality is decomposed by source of income, by group according to access to irrigation and by estimated income flows as a result of specific household characteristics. The results show that irrigation increases income and reduces poverty and inequality.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Inequality; Irrigation; Poverty; Rural China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118443

Will Consumers Pay a Premium for Clone-free labeled Meat products?  Evidence from the 2009 Sunbelt Agricultural Exposition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Ghangela; Jennings,   Shauntez; Ibrahim,   Mohammed; Whitehead,   Jackie.
This paper examines consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for clone-free meat labels. Data were collected at the Sunbelt Agricultural Exposition (Ag Expo) in Moultrie, Georgia using a consumer survey instrument. Survey results show that majority (59.45%) of the respondents said they were willing to pay for clone-free labels. Results suggest that bid amount, gender and education are factors that influence WTP for clone-free labels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to pay; Clone-free; Label; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57269

Ex-Ante Adoption of New Cooking Banana (Matooke) Hybrids in Uganda Based on Farmers' Perceptions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kenneth,   Akankwasa; Gerald,   Ortmann; Edilegnaw,   Wale; Wilberforce,   Tushemereirwe.
ABSTRACT  Despite the research efforts to introduce the newly developed, improved banana ’Matooke’ hybrids to the farming communities in Uganda, to date no attempt has been made to document the likelihood of farmer adoption of these hybrid bananas in Uganda. The paper has analyzed farmers’ perceptions regarding the newly developed improved Matooke hybrid banana attributes in Uganda to ex ante understand farmers’  likelihood of adoption of these varieties. Descriptive statistics and data reduction techniques (like factor analysis) were used to define the potential explanatory variables affecting adoption. Following this, a Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression model was applied to estimate the effect of farmers’ perceptions about the hybrid banana...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Keywords: Banana (Matooke) hybrids; Ex-ante; Farmers’ Perceptions; ZIP Models; Uganda; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123302

Potential Consequences of Intra-Regional Trade in Short-Term Food Security Crises in Southeastern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Nielson,   Hunter; Govereh,   Jones; Dorosh,   Paul A.
A report prepared by Michigan State University for the World Bank under contract No. 7144132, Strengthening Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa through Trade Liberalization and Regional Integration
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Trade; Emergency; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55376

BANGLADESH - ROLLING UP OUR SLEEVES: RESEARCH ON THE FRONT LINES
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15890

POPULATION: PAST GROWTH AND FUTURE CONTROL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Poleman,   Thomas T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6845

Alert at Maradi: Preventing Food Crises in West Africa by Using Price Signals
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Araujo,   Claudio; Araujo-Bonjean,   Catherine; Brunelin,   Stephanie.
The aim of this paper is to exploit grain price data to detect the warning signs of looming food crises in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger. Firstly we identify which markets play a leading role at the national and regional level. The second step consists of identifying crisis periods and characterizing price movements during the period proceeding a crisis. This analysis leads to the identification of early warning indicators whose relevance is tested using panel data qualitative choice models. The results show that monitoring price movements on "leading markets" during crucial periods of the year can help in forecasting future crises.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Niger; Early warning systems; Discrete choice panel model; Food Security and Poverty; Q18; C25; D40; O18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114226

Measures of Poverty and Inequality: A Reference Paper
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper discusses various measures of poverty and inequality found in the literature. Inequality measures discussed include the range, the variance, the coefficient of variation, the standard deviation of logarithms, the Gini coefficient, Theil's Entropy measure and Atkinson's inequality measure. Of these the mean log deviation, the Theil index and the coefficient of variation have come to be known as the Generalised Entropy class of inequality measures. As far as poverty indicators are concerned the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke measures, a class of generalised decomposable poverty measures, have become very popular in the literature. The paper also discusses some Stata do-files that were written in order to calculate poverty and inequality measures, with...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15623

Non-Credit Services of Group-Based Financial Institutions: Implications for Smallholder Women’s Honey Income in Arid and Semi Arid Lands of Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otieno,   Peter Shimon; Nyikal,   Rose Adhiambo; Mugivane,   Fred Inuani.
This paper analyses the effect of non-credit services of joint liability credit institutions on smallholder women beekeepers’ honey income. The non-credit services offered to the beekeepers are mainly enterprise development services (training on marketing, business, production and subsector analysis). The study uses cross-sectional data from a survey of women beekeepers participating in group-based credit programmes; the survey was conducted in September 2005 in Makueni district of Kenya. The findings indicate that the number of enterprise development related trainings attended by women beekeepers that are offered by the group-based financial institutions positively and significantly influence honey income. The results confirm that non-credit services...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Credit; Finance; Honey; Makueni; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52152

Value Sharing and Food System Dynamics for Milk, Tomato, and Cereals Food Chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bertazzoli,   Aldo; Ghelfi,   Rino; Rivaroli,   Sergio; Samoggia,   Antonella.
The aim of the paper is to analyse value sharing and food system dynamics of milk, tomato, and cereals food chains, so to explore the agro‐food enterprises capacity to be competitive and sustainable. The paper is based on the functionalist approach of Malassis and the notion of the system of the General Systems Theory. The methodology is aimed at creating a consolidated financial statement for each food chain so to re‐create the chain value and identify how this is shared among the different food chain stages. The analysis is carried out on primary and secondary data: around 2400 financial statements concerning 480 enterprises from 2003 to 2007 and stakeholders’ interviews. Results show that value is usually created in the processing and distribution...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food chain; Value system; Economic performance; Potato; Fruit; Cheese.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101285

Economic Consequences of Pollinator Declines: A Synthesis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bauer,   Dana Marie; Sue Wing,   Ian.
This paper surveys the literature on pollinator declines and related concerns regarding global food security. Methods for valuing the economic risks associated with pollinator declines are also reviewed. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) approach is introduced to assess the effects of a global catastrophic loss of pollinators. There appears to be evidence supporting a trend towards future pollinator shortages in the United States and other regions of the world. Results from the CGE model show economic risks to both direct crop sectors and indirect non-crop sectors in the economy, with some amount of regional heterogeneity.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Pollinators; Food security; Valuation; Computable general equilibrium modeling; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95903

IWRM and Food Security Project in Kafue Basin: Process Documentation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chisaka,   Jonathan.
The purpose of this report is to show the process of the intervention made through the implementation of the IWRM and Food Security Demonstration Project in Zambia. The report gives details of the project processes, showing the steps the project went through, the outcomes and its impact on the communities where it was implemented. The report is the result of a number of field visits made to the completed project sites, the sources of information have been; focus group meetings, interviews, discussions with key informants, beneficiaries the youth, male and female stakeholders and reviews of project activity reports, and direct observations. Therefore, what is presented here is a cumulative “factual and real time” opinion as to what has been observed and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Project planning; Project management; Water storage; Pumping; Wells; Participatory management; Leadership; Water policy; Central government; Local government; Irrigation water; Zambia; Kafue River Basin; Katuba; Namwala; Chibombo; Agribusiness; Community; Rural; Urban Development; Crop Production; Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics; Land Use; Production Economics; Research and Development; Emerging Technologies; Research Methods; Statistical Methods; Resource; Energy Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Community involvement; Tech Change.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91805

To Target or Not to Target? The cost efficiency of indicator-based targeting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houssou,   Nazaire; Zeller,   Manfred.
This paper assesses the cost efficiency of indicator-based targeting. Using household survey data from Malawi, we examine whether an indicator-based targeting of the poor is more target- and cost-efficient than the currently used mechanisms for targeting agricultural subsidy programs in the country.  There is compelling evidence in favor of targeting Malawi’s poor based on the newly developed system. An indicator-based targeting system appears to be more target- and cost-efficient than the 2000/01 Starter Pack and the 2006/07 Agricultural Input Subsidy Program (AISP). While the Starter Pack and the AISP transferred about 50% of total transfer, under an indicator-based system, about 73% of transfers are delivered to the poor. Likewise, under an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Poverty targeting; Validation tests; Cost efficiency; Development policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C01; C13; I32.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61007

Desempenho do Sector Algodoeiro ao Nível da Machamba em Nampula: Situação Actual e Perspectivas para o seu Melhoramento
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitoro,   Raul; Govene,   Olivia; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco; Tschirley,   David L.; Boughton,   Duncan.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56051

VIVRES POUR L'EDUCATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15912

Does the structure of agricultural science and technology policy system matter in developing country agricultural productivity growth trends? Evidence from Kenya and Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mugunieri,   Godiah Lawrence; Obare,   Gideon A.; Omamo,   Steven Were.
Paper to be presented at the IAAE Conference
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural science and technology; Policy system; Developing countries; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; C22; O12; O33.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50538

Compétitivité de la filière anacarde au Bénin: une analyse des effets aux prix de référence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oloukoi,   L.; Adegbola,   Patrice Ygue.
La politique agricole du Bénin connaît depuis quelques années, de profonds changements. En effet, les différentes imperfections du marché et les risques liés à la monoculture ont amené l’Etat à opter pour une diversification agricole. Ainsi, neuf (09) filières dont la filière anacarde sont identifiées comme prioritaires. Cette étude utilise la Matrice d’Analyse des Politiques (MAP) pour évaluer la compétitivité des différents segments de la filière anacarde au Bénin. A cet effet, une enquête quantitative est menée auprès des différents acteurs à savoir 198 producteurs, 61 commerçants et 7 transformateurs. Les résultats issus de l’étude montrent que les systèmes de production, de commercialisation et de transformation de la filière sont tous compétitifs....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51998

THE DECLINE IN FOOD STAMP PROGRAM PARTICIPATION IN THE 1990'S
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilde,   Parke E.; Cook,   Peggy; Gundersen,   Craig; Nord,   Mark; Tiehen,   Laura.
The Food Stamp Program saw an unprecedented decline in participation from 27.5 million participants in 1994 to 18.2 million participants in 1999.  A strong economy and changes in social welfare programs drove this change.  An econometric model with State-level data calculated that 35 percent of the caseload decline from 1994 to 1998 was associated with changing economic conditions and 12 percent with program reform and political variables.  Household-level data from the Current Population Survey lead to the conclusion that 28 percent of the total change in participation was associated with a decrease in the number of people with low income (below 130 percent of the poverty line)and 55 percent was due to a decline in the proportion of low-income people who...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Welfare reform; Economic conditions; Caseload dynamics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33793

Determinants and Measurements of Food Insecurity in Nigeria: Some Empirical Policy Guide
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amaza,   P.S.; Umeh,   Joseph Chinedu; Helsen,   J.; Adejobi,   A.O.
This study aims at identifying and analyzing food security measures in Borno State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was applied on 1,200 households. Cost-of-Calories (COC) method and Logit model are used as analytical techniques for the study. Based on the recommended daily energy levels of 2,250 kcal, food insecurity line (s) for the households is N23, 700.12 or US $176.87 per adult equivalent per year. Over 58% of the sample households are therefore food insecure. Major determinants of this food insecurity factors are, household size, gender, educational level, farm size and type of household farm enterprise. Policy measures directed towards the provision of better family planning should be given adequate attention and priority by the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Determinants; Food Security; Policy Guide; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25357

Pathways to Improved Profitability and Sustainability of Cotton Cultivation at Farm Level in Africa: an Approach to Addressing Critical Knowledge Gaps
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kelly,   Valerie A.; Boughton,   Duncan; Magen,   Benjamin B.
In 2009, the World Bank published a comparative study of cotton sector reforms, based on detailed case studies carried out during 2007/08 in nine of Africa’s main cotton producing countries. The purpose of the study was to draw practical insights from the diversity of experiences in institutional reforms of cotton sectors and to better understand the strengths and weaknesses of the different types of sectors operating in Africa, the likely effects of specific types of policy change, and the possible ways forward.  This paper develops a concept note for additional research that would address the perceived weaknesses of the earlier work. The underlying hypothesis of the proposed study is that technology research, farmer training, and policy and institutional...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Cotton; Sustainability; Profitability; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101163

An assessment of crop water productivity in the Indus and Ganges River Basins: current status and scope for improvement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cai,   Xueliang; Sharma,   Bharat R.; Matin,   Mir Abdul; Sharma,   Devesh; Gunasinghe,   Sarath.
The Indus and Ganges River Basin, being the most populous in the world, is under extreme pressure to sustain food security. Production resources including water are being exploited to various levels from underdevelopment to heavy overexploitation. This report provides a bird’s eye view of the basin and focuses on the nexus between agricultural production and water consumption, making it possible to pinpoint the areas with high/low water productivity and identify the factors behind this, which helps to promote informed decision making in light of environmental sustainability.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water productivity; Crops; Yields; Rice; Wheat; River basins; Models; Remote sensing; Evapotranspiration; Mapping; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112970

Toward Improved Maize Marketing and Trade Policies to Promote Household Food Security in Central and Southern Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Abdula,   Danilo Carimo; Weber,   Michael T.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Maize; Marketing; Trade; Mozambique; Household; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56065

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
This 2009 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  Charts and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators.  The 2009 report begins with a special feature which describes indicators to benchmark competitiveness of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food sector at the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agri-food; Competitiveness; Consumers; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59885

Trade Liberalization in the South African Livestock Industry: implications for rural development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oyewumi,   Olubukola Ayodeju; Jooste,   Andre; Britz,   Wolfgang; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
Livestock farming is an important facet of agriculture and livelihood in South Africa. It forms the essence of rural agriculture contributing food, socio-economic stability, employment and income. After the liberalization of the agricultural sector and phasing out of past protection mechanisms South Africa introduced a process of tariff reform. Furthermore, a system of tariff rate quotas was introduced in compliance with WTO regulations. A partial equilibrium comparative static model was used to investigate the impact of further liberalization in the livestock industry of South Africa, particularly in meat products using four policy scenarios. Specific emphasis was given to the liberalization of the current TRQ regime. The implication of the results are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51997

Evaluating the Impact on Market Performance of Investments in Market Information Systems: Methodological Challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Kizito,   Andrew M.; Weber,   Michael T.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Evaluating the impact on market performance of investments in agricultural market information systems (MIS) face several methodological challenges.  These fall into two broad categories:  (a) defining the dimensions of market performance to measure (which is a function of whom the MIS is designed to serve) and identifying reliable indicators of those performance dimensions, and (b) identifying the causal effects of the MIS.  The determination of causal effects in turn requires establishing a credible baseline, measuring “treatment effects” (i.e., the effects on economic behavior of receiving improved information from an MIS), dealing with problems of endogenous placement of treatment, and interpreting the validity of stakeholders’ statements and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information services; Impact assessment; Market transparency; Food policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C81; D80; H43; N57; 013; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108184

CERTIFYING ELIGIBILITY IN THE NATIONAL SCHOOL LUNCH PROGRAM:  FOOD ASSISTANCE RESEARCH BRIEF
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gundersen,   Craig; Morrison,   Rosanna Mentzer; Ghelfi,   Linda M.
Each school day, millions of U.S. children receive free or reduced-price meals provided through the National School Lunch Program (NSLP). Recent studies have indicated that many students who are not eligible for free or reduced-price NSLP meals are receiving the meals. How large is this certification error problem? Would stricter certification procedures deter many eligible students from participating?
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33841

The Food Assistance Landscape: FY 2006 Annual Report
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor.
Federal expenditures for USDA’s food assistance programs totaled almost $53 billion in fiscal 2006, a 4-percent increase over the previous fiscal year. This was the sixth consecutive year in which food assistance expenditures increased and the fourth consecutive year in which they exceeded the previous historical record. The five largest food assistance programs—the Food Stamp Program, the National School Lunch Program, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the Child and Adult Care Food Program, and the School Breakfast Program—accounted for 95 percent of USDA's total expenditures for food assistance. This report uses preliminary data from the Food and Nutrition Service to examine trends in the programs at the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program; FANRP; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; School Breakfast Program; Child and Adult Care Food Program; WIC; Food assistance programs; ERS; USDA; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7204

A Typical Scene: Five Exposures to Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Over the past decade, I have been involved with an “Exposure and Dialogue Program” (EDP), which literally exposes analysts and policy makers to the lived reality of poor women’s lives by getting them to spend a few days experiencing that life. After each EDP, participants are encouraged to write up their experiences in the form of “personal” and “technical” notes. This compendium brings together the personal notes I did for my five exposures.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exposures to Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48921

Développement agricole et malnutrition infantile: qu'en savons nous?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Penders,   Christopher L.; Staatz,   John M.; Tefft,   James F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 12.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11276

The Changing Food Assistance Landscape: The Food Stamp Program in a Post-Welfare Reform Environment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gundersen,   Craig; LeBlanc,   Michael; Kuhn,   Betsey A.
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) dramatically transformed and continues to transform the food assistance landscape in the United States. The Act cut more funds from the Food Stamp Program than it did from any other program, through reductions in benefits per person and restrictions in eligibility. Despite these cuts, food stamps now have a more prominent role in the post-welfare reform social safety net because the largest cash-assistance entitlement program, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), was replaced with the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, a nonentitlement program. This leaves the Food Stamp Program as one of the only remaining entitlement programs available to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food stamps; Transfer payments; Food consumption; Nutrition; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33993

The use of operations research as a tool for monitoring and managing food-assisted maternal/child health nutrition (MCHN) programs: An example from Haiti
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loechl,   Cornelia U.; Ruel,   Marie T.; Pelto,   Gretel H.; Menon,   Purnima.
This report describes the methods and results of an operations research undertaken to assess the effectiveness of World Vision (WV)’s food assisted maternal and child health and nutrition (MCHN) program in the Central Plateau region of Haiti. The research had three main objectives: (1) to assess the effectiveness of implementation and operations of the program relative to plans; (2) to assess the quality of delivery of the various services; and (3) to explore the perceptions of different stakeholders (i.e., beneficiaries and field implementers) regarding program operations and service delivery and the motivational factors that may affect staff’s performance and job satisfaction. The overall goal was to identify constraints to effective operations; it was...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Caribbean; Latin America and the Caribbean; Operations research; Nutrition programs; Food aid; Children; Maternal and infant welfare; Assessment; Health and hygiene; Haiti; Developing Countries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59691

Developing Income Proxy Models for USAID Mission in Kenya: A Technical Report
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Mathenge,   Mary K.
This paper details the specific procedures utilized to develop the income proxy method for the USIAD/Kenya mission, reports on the performance of the method, and brings together in one place each part of the package needed to implement the method. The next section provides general background on income proxy methods; section III reports briefly on the Tegemeo/MSU Tampa full income survey that formed the basis for development of the proxy method; section IV provides details on model development, including definition of income components, the types of proxy variables tested, and the performance of the models; section V assesses model performance, and section VI touches on how the models can be used.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Income Proxy Model; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55154

BUMPER CROPS, PRODUCER INCENTIVES AND PERSISTENT POVERTY: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD AID PROGRAMS IN BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Shahabuddin,   Quazi; Aziz,   Md. Abdul; Farid,   Naser.
Food aid has played a useful role in Government of Bangladesh efforts to increase food security in the last three decades, adding to foodgrain availability, supplying wheat for targeted distribution to poor households, and helping to finance development projects and programs. However, sustained increases in domestic production of both rice and wheat have increased the likelihood of disincentive effects arising from continued large inflows of food aid. The analysis shows that if good rice harvests continue so that real rice prices remain at their levels of 2000, and if international wheat prices return to their average 1995-99 levels, then public wheat distribution may need to be cut to levels below the current amount of food aid received (650 thousand tons...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16218

Organic Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings From a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.; Davis,   Kristin E.; Negash,   Martha; Gezahegn,   Ayele.
Agriculture in Ethiopia is changing. New players, relationships, and policies are influencing the ways in which information and knowledge are used by smallholders. While this growing complexity suggests opportunities for Ethiopian smallholders, too little is known about how these opportunities can be effectively leveraged to promote pro-poor processes of rural innovation. This paper examines Ethiopia’s smallholder agricultural sector from an innovation systems perspective to understand the changing roles, responsibilities, and interactions of diverse actors in relation to smallholder livelihoods. The paper uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research tools to paint a picture of the innovation landscape at both the system and local levels....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Agricultural development; Innovation; Technology; Social networks; Social learning; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52096

Cereal price instability in Ethiopia: An examination of sources and policy options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shahidur,   Rashid; Meron,   Assefa.
Managing food price instability is a long standing policy challenge, which, with mixed experiences of agricultural price policy reforms, has re-emerged as a contemporary policy issue. This is particularly true for Ethiopia, where managing food price stability continues to be a formidable policy challenge. The objective of this paper is to examine the underlying causes of cereal price instabilities and to assess the policy options to manage them. It undertakes three tasks: (a) analyzes the sources and degree of cereal price instability, (b) discusses the viability of various policy options, and (c) critically reviews the country’s past, ongoing, and emerging policies for food price stabilization. The results show that the determinants of price...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cereal; Policy; Price instability; Ethiopia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51999

Irrigation impacts on income inequality and poverty alleviation: policy issues and options for improved management of irrigation systems.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattarai,   Madhusudan; Sakthivadivel,   Ramasamy; Hussain,   Intizar.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Policy; Income; Poverty; Social aspects; Economic aspects; Water allocation; Irrigation canals; Irrigated farming; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92694

World Food Survey - A Report from F.A.O.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McMillan,   R.B.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1946
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8387

VARIETY DEMAND WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF AN AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLD MODEL WITH ATTRIBUTES: THE CASE OF BANANAS IN UGANDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Edmeades,   Svetlana; Smale,   Melinda; Renkow,   Mitch; Phaneuf,   Daniel J.
Ugandan smallholder farmers produce the nation's major food crop using numerous banana varieties with distinctive attributes, while coping with important biotic constraints and imperfect markets. This empirical context motivates a trait-based model of the agricultural household that establishes the economic association between household preferences for specific variety attributes (yield, disease and pest resistance, and taste), among other exogenous factors, and variety demand, or the extent of cultivation. Six variety demands are estimated in reduced form, each in terms of both plant counts ("absolute" or levels demand) and plant shares ("relative" demand). Two salient findings emerge from the analysis: 1) the determinants of both absolute and relative...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Variety demand; Variety attributes; Agricultural household model; Bananas; Uganda; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60323

Food Security II Cooperative Agreement: Project Fact Sheets (1995/96 version)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Michael T.
Individual project fact sheets.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads June 2008 - June 2009: 6; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54696

The Effects of Agricultural Policy Reform on Poverty in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brooks,   Jonathan; Melyukhina,   Olga.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15752

Breaking the Links Between Conflict and Hunger in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.
International humanitarian relief and development operations provide opportunities to build peace and create sustainable food security, especially in situations where operations are carried out with explicit frameworks attending to human rights and sustainable livelihoods. Achieving lasting peace is a complex proposition because there is no single set of causes of conflict or a sure way to remove them.  Nevertheless, there are food and agricultural policy actions that can foster peaceful outcomes that promote food security.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45856

Forestry and Livelihoods: Is there a Future? An FAO Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: El-Lakany,   M. Hosny.
Given the large number of people in both developed and developing countries who rely on forest products and services for subsistence and income, forestry plays a big part in securing sustainable livelihoods. Thus FAO is placing greater emphasis on linking livelihoods, poverty alleviation and food security in its forestry program of work. Although not a panacea, the contributions of forests and trees outside forests to achieving the Millennium Development Goals could be significant, especially if the sector were more fully integrated into wider national development strategies.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124420

Income Poverty Effects of Expansion and Policies in Cash Cropping Economies in Rural Mozambique: An Economy-wide Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benfica,   Rui M.S.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Marketing; Cash crop; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56070

Food Insecurity Less Prevalent in Canada Than in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124167

Compte Rendu de la Reunion du Comite Technique de Coordination des Politiques de Securite Alimentaire
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
PRESIDENCE DE LA REPUBLIQUE, REPUBLIQUE DU MALI UN PEUPLE UN BUT UNE FOI, COMMISSARIAT A LA SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE; COMITE TECHNIQUE DE COORDINATION DES POLITIQUES DE SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE; SECRETARIAT TECHNIQUE
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55815

Poverty Persistence and Transitions in Uganda: A Combined Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lawson,   David; McKay,   Andrew; Okidi,   John A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30555

Understanding Linkages among Food Availability, Access, Consumption, and Nutrition in Africa: Empirical Findings and Issues from the Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diskin,   Patrick K.
This paper starts with the unsurprising observations that (1) having enough food available at national and local levels is necessary but not sufficient for ensuring that households have adequate access to food; (2) having adequate household access to food is necessary but not sufficient for ensuring that all household members consume an adequate diet; and (3) consuming an adequate diet is necessary but not sufficient for maintaining a healthy nutritional status. Recognizing that the links from food availability to access to consumption to nutritional status are not automatic, the challenge for policy makers and analysts concerned with achieving food and nutrition security is to understand how these variables are linked to one another, how closely they are...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 14; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54707

Demand-driven and Cost Effective Production: What the Farmers Ought to know. A case of Local Chicken Enterprise in Masindi District-Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alum,   W.; Kanzikwera,   R.; Sanginga,   Pascal.
Most African communities depend on agriculture for both income generation and food security and yet farming has faced and is still confronted with a lot of production and market related hardships. Despite all these constraints, farmers are stuck on agriculture as it’s the only definite way of earning a living. The mistake farmers and other agricultural practitioners continuously make is to produce first and look for the market later. This is where buyers and the middle men in particular exploit and a conclusion is eventually made by the producer that,” there is no money in agriculture.” Farmers including those who want to reap from agriculture need to first change their attitudes towards it and secondly produce what the markets are demanding at particular...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52093

MODELING THE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED IMPORTATION OF FRESH PRODUCE FROM EMERGING SUPPLY SOURCES TO THE UK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mwebaze,   Paul; Monaghan,   J.; Revell,   Brian J.; Hare,   M.; MacLeod,   Alan; Spence,   N.
The risk of non-indigenous pests entering the UK via international trade in fresh produce is increasing. Suppliers of fresh produce to UK and EU multiple retailers are utilising new procurement areas for fresh produce importation to reduce their costs of production. The objective of this paper is to identify current and future supply sources for UK fresh produce importers and examine the extent to which they provide invasion pathways. The hypothesis that increased importation of fresh produce from new sources outside the EU could increase the risks of non-indigenous pests is tested in a bio-economic model in which the number of species detections per unit of imports is a function of the number of inspections per unit of imports and country of origin, while...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Quarantine pests; Pathways; Trade.; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43963

Agricultural Trade Flows among Developing Countries: Do Regional Preferential Trade Agreements make a Difference?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tembo,   Gelson; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Regional integration through trade is recognized as one way to foster economic growth and poverty reduction. This paper uses the gravity model and 11-year panel data (1996-2006) on Southern African Development Community (SADC) member countries to study Zambia’s regional agricultural trade flows and the impact of the SADC Trade Protocol (SADC-TP). Zambia’s volume of trade is significantly related to most of the standard gravity variables. The results indicate that Zambia has been largely trading below potential, especially with respect to exports. There have been improvements in Zambia’s trade flows during the SADC-TP period but only with a few countries. Further improvements will require re-examining protocol implementation and individual countries’...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Southern Africa; Regional trade; Gravity analysis; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C23; C51; F12; F14; F15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51733

A Discriminant Analysis of Factors Associated with The Adoption Of Certified Organic Farming By Smallholder Farmers in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kisaka-Lwayo,   Maggie.
Discriminant analysis was used to identify the characteristics that distinguish between fully-certified organic, partially-certified organic and non-organic farmers in Umbumbulu district, KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa (SA) during October- November 2004. 200 farmers interviewed were drawn by purposively selecting the 151 members of the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organisation (EFO), and by random sampling 49 non-organic farmers in wards neighbouring EFO. Results from the two estimated discriminant functions suggested that farmers with higher household sizes, incomes, input costs per hectare and number of chickens owned, locations further from innovators and less risk aversion were more likely to be certified as organic. Household location should be considered in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Organic; Discriminant Analysis; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52155

Food Programs, Family Demographics and Food Security of Children
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Jermisha D.; Wheelock,   Gerald; Jones,   Hezekiah.
Replaced with revised version of paper 01/27/06.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35371

Structure, Coûts Des Transactions Et Integration Spatiale Des Marches Des Produits Alimentaires Au Togo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koffi-Tessio,   Egnonto M.; Sedzro,   Kossi; Tossou,   Kokou A.; Yovo,   Koffi.
Le présent travail évalue d'une part la structure des coûts de transaction des principaux produits commercialisés au Togo (maïs, sorgho, oignon, gari, tomate, poisson, volaille et gros bétail), et d'autre part le niveau de l'intégration du marché de maïs qui est devenu le produit dominant dans le système de production, de consommation et de commercialisation au Togo. L'analyse des coûts de transaction réalisée à partir des données primaires a débouché sur le constat global que les coûts de transport représentent le facteur le plus déterminant dans les coûts de transaction. L'analyse de l'intégration du marché de maïs réalisée au moyen de la technique de co-intégration et du modèle de Ravallion appliqués sur des séries de prix a permis de dresser trois...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Marche; Couts transaction; Integration; Co-integration; Securite alimentaire; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52187

HOW EFFECTIVELY DO PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS TRANSFER BENEFITS TO THE POOR? EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15959

TRACING THE IMPACTS OF FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS ON AGRICULTURE AND CONSUMERS: A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanson,   Kenneth; Golan,   Elise H.; Vogel,   Stephen J.; Olmsted,   Jennifer.
Changes in food assistance policy can have impacts on economic activity and household income across the economy. Using a Computable General Equilibrium model focusing on food assistance, we found that both a hypothetical cut in food stamp benefits and a hypothetical cash-out of the Food Stamp Program led to reductions in food demand and farm production. In addition, this hypothetical cut in food stamp benefits resulted in a decline in transfer income for low-income households that was not compensated for by increased labor income. The cash-out triggered general equilibrium effects that led to higher taxes and reductions in labor income, chiefly for high-income households. The Food Assistance Computable General Equilibrium model includes modeling...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: General equilibrium analysis; Computable general equilibrium model; Food stamps; Food stamp cash-out; Food assistance policy; Agricultural linkages; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33831

From Pasture Land to Farm Plots, Triggers and Motivations for Land Use Changes in Afar, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kotu,   Bekele Hundie.
Communal land use system has existed in pastoral Afar (as in many other pastoral areas) since time of immemorial accommodating the interests of different user groups. This form of land use system, which has adapted to the harsh environment in which herders raise their livestock, enables efficient utilization of scattered pastoral resources since it accommodates constant mobility of livestock. In contrast to the mobile way of life, which characterizes pastoralism, farming as a sedentary activity is only marginally present in the lowlands of the Afar region. However, the traditional land-use system in Afar is changing nowadays if favor farming because of various reasons. This paper explains such changes mainly based the data collected through a household...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use; Pastoralists; Farming; Drought; Afar; Ethiopia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51276

Food Safety, Market Power and Private Standards: An Analysis of the Emerging Strategies of Food Operators
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Charlier,   Christophe; Valceschini,   Egizio.
Together with expected implications on food safety, the European Regulation 178/2002 has important consequences shaping the agrifood sector. This regulation gives latitude to operators in front of specific food safety objectives and promotes self‐control. Private standards are a way of addressing this problem. The paper shows that as soon as producers and retailers have different private standards, a problem of coordination among operators has to be solved. This coordination is important for the sanitary aims but involves strategic aspects too. The coordination problem is tougher when the standards developed by producers and retailers can be considered as two substitutes, even if each operators considers that a coordination of their practices shall be...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Private standards; Food safety; Operators responsibility; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97227

THE CURRENT AND FUTURE WORLD FOOD SITUATION: IS THERE AN EMERGING FOOD SHORTAGE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senauer,   Benjamin; Stevens,   Stanley C.
This paper gives an overview of the current and projected food situation in the U.S. and the world.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14394

GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abel,   Martin E.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13942

DO DEVELOPED EXPORTING COUNTRIES CONTRIBUTE TO FOOD SECURITY? THE CASE OF THE EC
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmitz,   P. Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13351

A Dietary Assessment of the U.S. Food Supply: Comparing Per Capita Food Consumption with Food Guide Pyramid Serving Recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kantor,   Linda Scott.
Most American diets do not meet Federal Food Guide Pyramid dietary recommendations. On average, people consume too many servings of added fats and sugars and too few servings of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, lean meats, and foods made from whole grains compared with a reference set of Food Guide Pyramid serving recommendations appropriate to the age and gender composition of the U.S. population. In addition, while the healthfulness of diets has improved over time, the pace of improvement has been uneven. For example, while Americans consumed record amounts of fruits and vegetables in 1996, consumption of caloric sweeteners also reached a 27-year high. This report is the first dietary assessment to use ERSís time-series food supply data to compare...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food; Food consumption; CSFII; Food Guide Pyramid; Dietary Guidelines for Americans; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34079

THE FOOD CHALLENGE IN THE SENEGALESE RURAL ECONOMY AN ANALYSIS OF THE DOMESTIC CEREALS PROMOTION POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gaye,   Matar.
Since the colonial era, the expansion of the Senegalese economy was greatly sustained by the agricultural sector in which more than three-fourths of the total population were involved.  A 2.3 percent average annual growth of total production during the sixties matched the speed at which the agricultural population was growing and the rural economy was engaged in a kind of equilibrium path.  During the late sixties and early seventies, the situation began to change with an agricultural production growth rate dropping to the neighborhood of 1.3 percent against 2.8 percent for total population.  Such a situation which is prevailing at the present time is seriously striking if we know that the agricultural sector should produce not only enough food for a...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11168

Anatomy of Stigmatized Behavior: Peer Influence and Relative Concern
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xi.
This paper is based on an ongoing joint work with David Sahn and Xiaobo Zhang.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social Stigma; Peer Influences; Relative Concern; Blood Donation; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; JEL: I32; J22; D13; D63.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103644

LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DEL HAMBRE Y DEL DERECHO A LA ALIMENTACIÓN EN LAS AGENDAS POLÍTICAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Viveros,   Jose Luis; Almeida Filho,   Niemeyer.
América Latina y el Caribe es la única región en desarrollo que puede acabar con el hambre en nuestra generación. Tiene 52,4 millones de personas subnutridas (10% de población) y 9 millones de niños con desnutrición crónica, pero también es la principal productora mundial de alimentos y tiene recursos financieros, naturales, humanos e institucionales para hacer del hambre un recuerdo del pasado. Es básicamente un problema de desigualdad en el acceso a los recursos, y tiene serias implicaciones económicas (retraso en crecimiento y déficit de competitividad) y políticas (desencanto con la democracia, auge del populismo, y violación de los derechos). En este trabajo se presentan los notables avances de la lucha contra el hambre y el derecho a la alimentación...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hambre; Derecho a la alimentación; América Latina; Políticas de Seguridad Alimentaria; Hunger; Rights Laws; Latin America; Food Security Policies; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109439

Smallholder Commercialization Trends as Affected by Land Constraints in Zambia: What are the Policy Implications?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Though Zambia has considerable agricultural potential, the sector’s contribution to growth and poverty reduction has been limited. The sector remains one of the most important employers of labour and remains the main source of livelihood for most rural households in Zambia. Thus key development challenge facing Zambian agriculture over the past two decades has been how it can effectively contribute to poverty reduction and broad-based economic growth. Agricultural commercialisation and surplus production, as revealed by nationally representative farm surveys, in the country has remained concentrated with only about 5% of Zambia’s small- and medium-scale farmers produce half of the marketed surplus. Meanwhile at least half of the smallholder farms sell...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Land Economics; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123219

Besoins en informations des grossistes pour une augmentation du volume des échanges en Afrique de l’Ouest.
Provedor de dados: 31
Reports (in French) on Stakeholders' Market Information Needs to Engage in Regional Trade. Mali
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information; Guinea; Mali; Senegal; Agriculture; Food security; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57264

Profil de pauvreté et filets de sécurité des riziculteurs dans les zones d’introduction des NERICA au Togo : cas de la région des plateaux
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Komi,   Tsogonnin.
Cette étude vise à évaluer l’état de pauvreté des riziculteurs en vue d’apprécier leurs capacités de gestion des risques auxquels ils sont exposés. Une enquête a permis de collecter des données dans 14 villages sur un échantillon de 183 ménages riziculteurs dans la région des plateaux au Togo. La formule de Foster Greer et de Thorbecke (FGT) a été utilisée pour calculer les indicateurs de pauvreté au sein de ces ménages. Les indicateurs de pauvreté sont élevés et témoignent l’extrême pauvreté qui règne au sein de ces ménages. L’incidence de la pauvreté, la profondeur de la pauvreté et la sévérité de la pauvreté sont respectivement 92,59%, 14,90% et 7,51% pour les producteurs de NERICA contre 96,15%, 32,50% et 12,73% pour les autres producteurs. Les...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pauvreté; Dépenses de consommations; Ménage; NERICA; Risque; Filets de sécurité; Poverty; Consumer expenditure; Household; NERICA; Risk; Safety nets; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97091

The Challenge of Hunger: The 2008 Global Hunger Index.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Grebmer,   Klaus; Fritschel,   Heidi; Nestorova,   Bella; Olofinbiyi,   Tolulope; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Yohannes,   Yisehac.
With high food prices threatening the food security of millions of vulnerable households around the world, hunger and malnutrition are back in the headlines. The world is making only slow progress in reducing food insecurity, according to the Global Hunger Index (GHI). Some regions—in particular South and Southeast Asia, the Near East and North Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean—have made significant headway in combating hunger and malnutrition since 1990, but in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the GHI remains high. Moreover, progress in Sub-Saharan Africa since 1990 has been marginal. The GHI is a tool developed by IFPRI for regularly tracking the state of global hunger and malnutrition. This year’s index reflects data until 2006—the most...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Hunger; Undernutrition; Child mortality; Malnutrition in children; Food availability; Indicators; HIV/AIDS; Conflict war; Developing countries; Transitional economies; Countries in transition malnutrition measurement evaluation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46014

Social Assistance Programs and Outcomes: Food Assistance in the Context of Welfare Reform
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Jensen,   Helen H.
Replaced with revised version of paper 10/10/06.  Original 2003 title: DO FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IMPROVE HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY? RECENT EVIDENCE FROM THE UNITED STATES
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Food security; Labor; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18579

Seguridad Alimentaria y Estrategias Sociales: Su Contribución a la Seguridad Nutricional en Áreas Urbanas de América Latina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sanchez-Grinan,   Maria Ines.
América Latina sufre actualmente un cambio de su perfil demográfico y de salud humana. Setenta y cinco por ciento de la población de la región vive ahora en las zonas urbanas; hay más gente pobre en las ciudades que en el campo. Cuarenta por ciento de la población urbana es pobre y 6 millones de niños, muchos de ellos de las zonas urbanas, padecen malnutrición. Los pobres del sector urbano consumen más alimentos preparados de bajo costo, con alto contenido de grasas y azúcares, que los del sector rural y pueden llevar una vida más sedentaria. Como consecuencia, a medida que avanza la urbanización, más y más personas son víctimas de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, como la cardiopatía. Los pobres del sector urbano sufren lo peor del mundo...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42278

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF FOOD SUBSIDY REFORM IN EGYPT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gutner,   Tamar L.
Egypt has a large food subsidy program that has created a relatively effective social safety net, but it has also drained budgetary resources and proved to be poorly targeted toward the poor. Discussions about reforming the system to improve its effectiveness have run into extreme political sensitivities surrounding the issue of food subsidies. Egypt, therefore, well illustrates the quandaries that policymakers and others contemplating food subsidy reform face in developing countries. This study examines the political economy of food subsidy reform in Egypt and discusses the economic and political advantages and disadvantages of nine possible reforms. The study concludes that the reforms that have the greatest chance of success are those that reduce the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94518

Productivity, Health and Inequality in the Intrahousehold Distribution of Food in Low-Income Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitt,   Mark M.; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.; Hassan,   Md. Nazmul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7480

Promoting Food Security in Rwanda Through Sustainable Agricultural Productivity: Meeting the Challenges of Population Pressure, Land Degradation, and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clay,   Daniel C.; Byiringiro,   Fidele Usabuwera; Kangasniemi,   Jaakko; Reardon,   Thomas; Sibomana,   Bosco; Uwamariya,   Laurence; Tardif-Douglin,   David.
The horror of genocide and civil war have turned the world's attention to Rwanda over the last year. But before and beyond that conflict, there was hunger and the slow grinding poverty of small holder agriculture meeting with severe land scarcity and degradation. This report is about reversing the spiraling decline of the land and the economy in rural Rwanda. Three things conspire to accelerate this decline: unsustainable land use practices, insufficient non-farm employment, and rapid population growth. We focus on the forces behind productivity decline in Rwandan agriculture. This report examines how erosion, organic input use, soil conservation investments, use of fertilizer and lime, and land use strategies affect productivity. We then examine what...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 54.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54054

Globalization and Poverty in Senegal: A Worst Case Scenario?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maertens,   Miet; Colen,   Liesbeth; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
There is no consensus about how globalization –trade and foreign investments – affects poverty reduction. Using household survey data, this study contributes to the empirical literature on globalization and poverty by analyzing the household-level implications of increased foreign investments and trade in the horticulture sector in Senegal. In many aspects this represents what many would consider a “worst-case scenario”. Stringent rich country standards are imposed on exports and the supply chain is controlled by a single multinational company with extreme levels of supply base consolidation, full vertical integration and complete exclusion of smallholder suppliers. We analyze and quantify income and poverty effects under these “worst-case conditions” and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade; FDI; Poverty; Vertical coordination; Modern supply chains; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F2; J43; O12; Q12; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51668

Tea Farming Enterprise Contribution to Smallholders’ Well Being In Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mwaura,   Francis; Muku,   Ogise.
Poverty reduction among smallholders has remained a major priority for the Kenyan government. Efforts have been geared to have a streamlined agri-business system like emulated by the tea sub-sector. In the smallholder tea sub-sector, farmers are organized to private companies, owns factories, engage in produce assembling, processing, contract experts for profession services, have micro-financing institutions serving them, and procure fertilizer from overseas in bulk to distribute it to its members. While the success of the organization and operations are visible the impact of the enterprise returns are unknown. The paper discusses the tea farming enterprise contribution to the well being of the smallholders’ tea farmers in central and western highlands of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52127

Poverty status and the impact of social networks on smallholder technology adoption in rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liverpool-Tasie,   Lenis Saweda O.; Winter-Nelson,   Alex.
Despite recent traces of economic growth, Ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world. Though about 80% of its population is engaged in agriculture, agricultural productivity remains low and extremely vulnerable to climatic conditions.  The adoption and use of modern technologies is generally accepted as a potential vehicle out of poverty for many but  adoption rates in the country remain low with the nature of the adoption process largely unstudied (Spielman et al, 2007). This paper studies the impact of social networks in the technology adoption process in rural Ethiopia. In particular it tests for the presence of social learning effects. In addition to geographic networks, it considers the role played by other networks with more...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social learning; Persistent poverty; Technology adoption; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O33; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49357

The Role of Non-Farm Incomes in Reducing Rural Poverty and Inequality in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; Zhu,   Nong.
China's record in reducing rural poverty has been nothing short of spectacular and should be a source of lessons for other countries. Rural poverty reduction is generally sought in the role of agriculture in contributing to farm incomes. However, non-farm employment in rural areas can also be a major contributor. Using detailed household survey data from Hubei province, we simulate the counterfactual of what rural households' incomes, poverty, and inequality would be in the absence of access to non-farm sources of income. Results show that, without non-farm employment, rural poverty would be much higher and deeper, and that income inequality would be higher as well. We find that education, proximity to town, neighborhood effects, and village effects are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Non-farm income; Inequality; Poverty; China; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; D63; O15; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25043

WHY IS CHILD MALNUTRITION LOWER IN URBAN THAN RURAL AREAS? EVIDENCE FROM 36 DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Ruel,   Marie T.; Ndiaye,   Aida.
While ample evidence documents that urban children generally have better nutritional status than their rural counterparts, recent research suggests that urban malnutrition is on the rise. The environment, choices, and opportunities of urbanites differ greatly from those of rural dwellers--from employment conditions to social and family networks to access to health care and other services. Given these differences, understanding the relative importance of the various determinants of child malnutrition in urban and rural areas--and especially whether they differ--is key to designing context-relevant, effective program and policy responses for stemming malnutrition. This study uses Demographic and Health Survey data from 36 developing countries to address the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16441

Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh: Progress and Determinants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub; Naher,   Firdousi; Shahabuddin,   Quazi.
For Bangladesh food security was synonymous with achieving self-sufficiency in rice production and stabilization in rice prices. The country has made good progress in increasing rice production through technological progress, facilitated by private sector investment in small scale irrigation. But, it is difficult to sustain the progress made in view of the growing pressure of population on scarce land resources. Domestic food grain production remains susceptible to floods and droughts thereby perpetuating the threat of major production shortfalls, inadequate food availability, and vulnerability from fluctuation in prices. The availability of other foods has not increased, and the progress in nutritional outcome has remained slow. Forty percent of the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Food security; Nutrition; Poverty; Safety nets; Natural disasters; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110131

Scavenging Poultry for Poverty Alleviation: A review of experiences with a focus on Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Islam,   S.M. Fakhrul; Jabbar,   Mohammad A.
Report prepared for International Livestock Research Institute.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115925

Using a Direct Measure to Monitor Hunger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33783

WORLD FOOD--LOOKING BEYOND THE CRISIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: West,   Quentin M.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17830

Poverty and inequality profile of households in the Northern Province of South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rwelamira,   Juliana K.; Phosa,   M.M.; Makhura,   Moraka T.; Kirsten,   Johann F.
The paper gives an overview of the socio-economic profile of access to resources and social behaviour of rural households of the Northern Province of South Africa. It is based on the survey conducted in 24 villages covering 586 households. The preliminary results reflect a number of disparities among men and female household heads and their occupations. Women farmers tend to dominate the agricultural sector, while men are predominantly in the service and industry sectors. Also, male headed households have more members than female headed households, which are mostly single parents and have higher percentage of members under fifteen (reflecting high fertility rates). Unemployment is rife, coupled with a significant number of old (retired) people, and more...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54214

Is There a Nexus between Poverty and Environment in Rural India?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattacharya,   Haimanti; Innes,   Robert.
This paper presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between rural poverty and environmental change using district-level data from South, Central and West India.  Unlike prior works, this study puts the hypothesis of bi-directional link between poverty and environment to econometric test. Environmental change is measured using a satellite-based vegetation index. Consonant with the dominant view in the literature, the evidence suggests that rural poverty spur vegetation degradation. The results also indicate that the vegetation degradation spurs rural poverty but the magnitude of the effect varies across sub regions classified on the basis of geographic and climatic factors. Thus these results provide evidence in support of existence of a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21201

Texto Bàsico de Economia Agrícola: Su importancia para el Desarrollo Local Sostenible
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zúniga-González,   Carlos Alberto.
The present works is part of my doctoral dissertation for getting title of Doctor of Philosophy with major in Science and Specialization in the Economics of Agriculture and Local Development.  The research hypothesis was: “If agricultural and forest activities apply agricultural economics, then it highlights the important element for sustainable local development, useful for the policy maker and decisions taker”.        Therefore, the study makes emphasis in the importance for applying agricultural economics to the forest and agricultural activities. The agricultural economics basic text is an elemental document for the agricultural economics curricular component; it is a component for the agricultural and economic science careers.    The academic...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Economics; Sustainable Local Development; Data Envelopment Analysis.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; O11; O12; O38; P51; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/111604

A Perspective on Food Security in the United States (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carlson,   Steven.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50597

Perspectives d’évolution des marches céréaliers pour la campagne de commercialisation 2005/06
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diarra,   Salifou Bakary; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
The 2005 – 2006 marketing campaign was difficult because of the drought that occurred in all countries in the region. As a result, the price of sorghum, millet, maize and rice soared. State actions to improve cereals supply through tax-exempt rice imports did not achieve the expected outcomes. Rice has been the main contributing factor to the rise of cereals price. The low levels of stocks of rice in the world and the supply in fertilizers below expectations along with a decrease in productivity have contributed to the rise of rice prices at the national level.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cereal market; Outlook; Mali; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q11.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57068

Economic and Social Impacts of Self-Help Groups in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deininger,   Klaus W.; Liu,   Yanyan.
We use a combination of pipeline comparison, propensity score matching, and double differences to evaluate economic and social impacts of a large community driven development program in India. While we find positive empowerment and nutritional effects for households in program areas, allowing heterogeneity of program impact yields additional insights. First, social and economic empowerment increased equally for participants and non-participants in program areas, pointing towards positive externalities. Second, nutritional benefits were more pronounced for new participants than for members of pre-existing self-help groups who joined the program. Third, evidence of higher consumption -but not income or asset formation- by new and converted participants...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6482

Medição do Impacto dos Activos Públicos e Privados Sobre a Renda de Culturas de Agregados Familiares em Moçambique Rural, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
This paper aims to better understand the determinants of household crop income, by using the TIA panel household survey of 2002-2005 to measure the impact of various private and public assets on crop income. We build upon Walker et al.’s (2004) analysis of TIA02 crop income by utilizing the econometric advantages of panel econometrics to obtain improved estimates of the impact of various private and public assets on crop income. Our principal focus is to measure the effect on household crop income of factors which are assumed to have a positive effect on crop productivity and profitability, including: private assets such as landholding; household use of improved inputs (fertilizer, animal traction) and diversification into tobacco or cotton; and access to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97038

Sources of Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Richard H., Jr.; He,   Jane J.
Throughout the developing world, policy makers are interested in devising new strategies for improving income distribution and reducing poverty. In large part, the choice of such strategies depends on an improved understanding of the sources of income inequality. Why do certain types of incomes go to different set of people? And what roles do variables such as education and migration play in improving income distribution and in lifting people out of poverty?   This work attempts to answer these questions for rural Pakistan by analyzing a three-year panel data set collected in collaboration with four research institutes in Pakistan. This extensive series of household interviews enables the authors to examines many dynamic income-related issues that cannot...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Income distribution; Pakistan; Rural poor; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37909

INTEGRAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS AGRO-FLORESTAIS AO FOMENTO FLORESTAL E A SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alves,   Arlete Maria Da Silva.
Nas últimas décadas, o crescimento populacional e a necessidade crescente de terras agrícolas e produtos florestais, levaram a redução de florestas e da biodiversidade, á insegurança alimentar e pobreza em muitos países. As plantações e gestão florestais podem contribuir para o atendimento das crescentes necessidades das sociedades contemporâneas por produtos florestais e para a preservação ambiental, para redução da pobreza e para a segurança alimentar, se promoverem o aumento da produção no setor com geração de emprego e renda para trabalhadores e comunidades rurais e produtos essenciais (madeireiros e não madeireiros), seguindo tecnologias e normas ambientais adequadas. Programas de fomento florestal têm sido implementados com o fim de fornecer madeira...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sistemas Agro-florestais (SAFs); Segurança Alimentar; Fomento Florestal; Pequenos e Médios Produtores Rurais; Agro-forestry Systems (SAFs); Food Security; Out-grower Schemes; Small and Medium Rural Producers; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114167

Strengthening food policy through gender and intrahousehold analysis: impact assessment of IFPRI multicountry research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jackson,   Cecile.
This assessment focuses on IFPRI’s research program, Strengthening Food Policy through Intrahousehold Analysis,” within the Food Consumption and Nutrition Division (FCND). The program was initiated in 1992, formally began in 1994, and was completed in 2003. Research undertaken in the program was complex, involving work in several countries and taking on challenging new research issues of great potential policy relevance, within a rapidly changing environment. The objectives of the program were to document intrahousehold resource allocation patterns; develop economic models and data collection methods necessary to investigate determinants of intrahousehold resource allocations; establish the relevance of these patterns and models for food policy; evaluate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56137

Tajikistan’s Vulnerability to Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi.
Tajikistan is classified by the World Bank as one of the CIS countries that are most vulnerable to climate change risks. This paper provides a closer look at a set of variables that determine Tajikistan’s vulnerability to risk in general and to climate change risk in particular. After presenting some background information on Tajikistan (Chapter 1), we provide a conceptual introduction to vulnerability and discuss some quantitative approaches to vulnerability assessment that have been recently applied in the literature (Chapters 2-4). We then use official statistical data for Tajikistan to assess quantitatively a range of basic variables that are recognized in the literature as determinants or drivers of vulnerability (Chapter 5). These variables include...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Tajikistan; Climate change; Vulnerability; Land management; Food insecurity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120259

Micro and Small Enterprise Baseline Survey in Central and Northern Mozambique - Summary of Survey Objectives, Methodology and Contents
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Micro-enterprise; Small-enterprise; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56020

Representative Characteristics of Rural Households in Areas of Central and Southern Mozambique Affected by the 2000 Floods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Arlindo,   Pedro; Weber,   Michael T.; Tschirley,   David L.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Rural households; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56039

Multivariate Typology of Farm Households Based on Socio-Economic Characteristics Explaining Adoption of New Technology in Rwanda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bidogeza,   J.C.; Berentsen,   Paul B.M.; De Graaff,   J.; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.
The challenge for agricultural policymakers and planners, particularly in the context of Rwanda with high population density and consequently food insecurity, is how to enable farmers to adopt new technology. It is known that adoption of new technology may vary among farm households because of socio-economic characteristics. This paper intends to typify farm households in Rwanda based on the exploration of factors explaining adoption of new technology. Ultimately, typical farms obtained from the typology will be used, later as basis to develop representative mathematical programming models. Multivariate statistical techniques offer the means of creating such typologies, particularly when an in-depth database is available. This multivariate analysis...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52107

Standards as Barriers and Catalysts for Trade and Poverty Reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maertens,   Miet; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
The importance of food standards in global agricultural trade has increased strongly, but the effects are uncertain. Several studies argue that these standards imposed by high-income countries diminish the export opportunities for developing countries and concentrate the benefits of trade with processing and retailing companies and large farms, thereby casting doubt on the development impact of international agricultural trade.  Other argue that the standards can be catalysts for growth.  In this paper we critically review the arguments and empirical evidence on the link between increasing food standards, developing country exports and welfare in those countries.  We conclude that the evidence is often weaker as claimed.  We also provide new insights from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25772

Does microfinance reduce rural poverty? Evidence based on household panel data from northern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berhane,   Guush; Gardebroek,   Cornelis.
This paper evaluates the long-term impact of microfinance credit from the intensity of participation in borrowing. We use a four-round panel data set on 351 farm households that had access to microfinance in northern Ethiopia. Over the years 1997-2006, with three-year intervals, households are observed on key poverty indicators: improvements in annual consumption and housing improvements. The relatively long duration in the panel enables to measure household poverty changes between consecutive periods and see the long-run effects of exposure to microfinance from the intensity of participation borrowing. The fixed-effects model is innovatively modeled to account for potential selection biases due to both time-invariant and time-varying unobserved individual...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Treatment effects; Trend model; Panel data; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51472

Analyzing the Effects of Conflicts on Food Security in Developing Countries: An Instrumental Variable Panel Data Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hitzhusen,   Frederick J.; Jeanty,   Pierre Wilner.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/31/06.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Unbalanced Panel data; Instrumental variable; Civil war; Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21483

Nicaragua: Without structural changes there´ll be no sustainable reduction of rural poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perez,   Francisco Jose.
This is a contribution of the ENVIO-NITLAPAN. The author is member of the scientific council of the RCASAE, and he is a senior researcher of the CAU NITLAPAN.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty Reduction Strategies; Agriculture and Development; Food Security and Poverty; E24; E23; D43; D72.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113038

Alternative Approaches To Locating The Food Insecure: Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence From South India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chung,   Kimberly; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Ramakrishna,   Jayashree; Riely,   Frank Z.
This paper reports on two methods used for identifying alternative indicators of chronic and acute food insecurity. A need for alternative indicators exists since many of the "benchmark" or "gold standard" indicators (such as household income or dietary intake) are too cumbersome to be of practical use in food aid targeting. The ideal alternative indicator should be statistically reliable, yet straightforward to collect and analyze. The study uses data collected in four villages in the Indian Semi-Arid Tropics to illustrate two methods for identifying the alternative indicators. A qualitative methodology included ethnographic case studies of at-risk households, participatory mapping of vulnerable households within a community, food charts, and seasonality...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42666

Understanding Persistent Food Insecurity: A Paradox of Place and Circumstance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mammen,   Sheila; Bauer,   Jean W.; Richards,   Leslie.
Survey data from a USDA-funded multi-state longitudinal project revealed a paradox where rural low-income families from states considered prosperous were persistently more food insecure than similar families from less prosperous states. An examination of quantitative and qualitative data found that families in the food insecure states were more likely to experience greater material hardship and incur greater housing costs than families in the food secure states. Families in the food insecure states, however, did not have lower per capita median incomes or lower life satisfaction than those in the food secure states. A wide range of strategies to cope with food insecurity reported by families in both food insecure and food secure states was examined using...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Persistent food insecurity; Rural low-income families; Food coping strategies; Family Ecological systems; Material hardship; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; I32.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42168

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Financial Stress, and Childhood Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burgstahler,   Rebecca; Gundersen,   Craig; Garasky,   Steven B.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the largest nutritional assistance program addressing food insecurity in the United States. Due to the program’s reach, SNAP has been called upon to address other nutrition-related challenges facing low-income Americans, including childhood obesity. This study considers the effect of SNAP participation on child weight outcomes after controlling for household financial stress, an important determinant of child overweight status that disproportionately affects low-income households. Using data from the Survey of Household Finances and Childhood Obesity and instrumental variable methods, we find that SNAP participation is negatively associated with obesity among eligible children.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Food Stamp Program; Financial stress; Childhood obesity; Poverty; Nutrition; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123311

URBAN LIVELIHOODS AND FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN GREATER ACCRA, GHANA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Levin,   Carol E.; Armar-Klemesu,   Margaret; Ruel,   Marie T.; Morris,   Saul Sutkover; Ahiadeke,   Clement.
The rapid growth of cities in developing countries in recent years has given rise to wide-spread and increasing urban poverty, raising questions about how the urban poor cope with the special challenges they face. How do they earn their livelihoods? How does the urban environment affect food security and nutrition and the ability of the urban poor to care for their children? Which groups are most vulnerable, and what can be done to reduce vulnerability?  Urban Livelihoods and Food and Nutrition Security in Greater Accra, Ghana, Research Report 112, offers a compelling case study of the impact of urban life on the livelihoods, food security, and nutritional status of the poor in Accra. The authors use a mix of qualitative information and detailed household...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16538

Pathways out of Poverty in Western Kenya and the Role of Livestock
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kristjanson,   Patricia; Krishna,   Anirudh; Radeny,   Maren; Nindo,   W.
The objectives of the study were to obtain a better understanding of households' pathways into, and out of, poverty, with poverty defined from the communities' own perspective. The authors used a community-based methodology called the 'stages of progress' approach to assess household poverty dynamics in 20 communities and for over 1,700 households representing two different ethnic groups in Western Kenya. The proportion of households that had managed to escape poverty over the last 25 years was ascertained, as well as the proportion of households that had fallen into poverty during the same period. The major reasons for movements into or out of poverty were elicited at both the community and household-level, and in particular, the role that livestock play...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Livestock; Western Kenya; Vihiga District; Siaya District; Stages of progress; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23779

A Socio-Economic Survey in the Province of Nampula: Cotton in the Smallholder Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Cotton; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55990

Transparency in Food: A Challenge for Research and Sector Initiatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schiefer,   Gerhard.
Transparency in the Food Sector and especially towards consumers is an issue which receives increasingly attention in public and research. There is widespread agreement that the present state of transparency is not sufficient and needs engagement by research and the sector to move forward. A Strategic Research Agenda on Transparency (SRA) identifies opportunities and challenges for research to contribute to improvements in transparency supporting consumers’ trust in food and the society’s interest in food that is safe and considers the evolving environmental and social concerns
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Transparency; Food chains; Research; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121851

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE FOR OVERCOMING RURAL POVERTY IN ROMANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salasan,   Cosmin; Fritzsch,   Jana.
Topical literature sees agriculture's ability to provide food and cash income as a major role in poverty reduction. However, it can only be a driving force for economic development for very poor countries. Economic indicators confirm that Romania is not a very poor country, although poverty has been an issue. During recent years, Romania has progressed successfully in reducing poverty. On the one hand, this can be attributed to its positive overall economic development. On the other hand, agriculture has served as a social safety net for many millions of people. Now the agricultural sector is dominated by subsistent and semi-subsistent farm households headed by persons of retirement age without formal agricultural training. Only 40% of the utilised...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91907

Dynamic Pathways into and out of Poverty: A Case of Small Holder Farmers in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banda,   Diana J.; Hamukwala,   Priscilla; Haggblade,   Steven; Chapoto,   Antony.
The study surveyed 127 households from Central, Eastern, Luapula, Northern, and Southern Provinces of Zambia. The primary objective was to explore life-trajectory patterns and key drivers of welfare change. Households were classified based on long term poverty dynamics i.e., how they perceived their welfare compared to that of their parents with the major focus being on households that were better off (BO) than both the parents (parents of head and spouse) and those that were worse off (WO) than both parents were. Poverty was mainly defined from the communities' own perspectives and entailed exploring reasons perceived by participants for decline or improvement in people’s well-being in their communities. The hypotheses that factors such as household...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Poverty; Small Holder Farmers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113649

Investigating the Sources of Agricultural Growth in Africa: Factor Accumulation, Total Factor Productivity, and Technology Absorption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkamleu,   Guy Blaise.
This paper investigates sources and determinants of agricultural growth in Africa, concentrating on the growth path during the last three decades. The analysis employs the broader framework provided by empirical growth literature and recent developments in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) measurement to search for fundamental determinants of growth in African agriculture. One main contribution and new findings in this analysis is the quantification of the contribution of the productivity growth and the contribution of different inputs such as land, labor, tractor and fertilizer in the agricultural growth. Growth accounting computation highlights the fact that factor accumulation rather than TFP accounts for a large share of agricultural output growth and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Growth accounting; TFP; Factor accumulation; Capital absorption; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; N50; O47; D24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52108

A Positive Path for Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa: Options and Challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosen,   Stacey L.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
African Governments and international donors are focused on improving the region’s ability to grow food to mitigate projected long-term deterioration in food security. An ERS study shows that improving grain yields is the key to reducing food insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Investment and technology adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa will be a challenge.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121893

External Impact Assessment of IFPRI's 2020 Vision For Food, Agriculture, And The Environment Initiative
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Robert L.
The 2020 Vision initiative of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) was launched late in 1993, at a time of growing global complacency regarding international food security questions. The first phase of the 2020 Vision initiative (1993–96) featured the development of an innovative forward-looking partial equilibrium model of the international food and agriculture sector; the hosting of an extensive series of high profile conferences, workshops, and regional meetings; the publication and distribution of numerous substantive discussion papers, policy briefs, and regional synthesis papers; and the regular publication of a topical newsletter. The goal was to refocus attention on current and future challenges in areas such as food security,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42481

Supermarkets, farm household income and poverty: Insights from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rao,   Elizaphan J.O.; Qaim,   Matin.
Expansion of supermarkets in developing countries is increasingly providing opportunities for farmers to participate in modern supply chains. While some farmers are excluded by stringent supermarket requirements, there are important gains for participating farmers. However, studies analyzing income effects of high-value chains use approaches that either show no causality or ignore structural differences between farmers in different channels. Using endogenous switching regression and data from a survey of vegetable growers in Kenya, we account for systematic differences and show that participation in supermarket chains yields 50% gain in household income leading to 33% reduction in poverty. Supermarket expansion is therefore likely to have substantial...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Per capita income; Sample selection; Endogenous switching regression; Kenya; Africa; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95771

Designing Strategies to Support a Transformation of Agriculture in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molla,   Daniel; Gebre,   Hagos; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Shaffer,   James D.
The paper consists of three parts. The first part of the paper is a review of  agricultural performance in Ethiopia over the past forty years. The second part diagnoses  agricultural system performance and food security problems in Ethiopia and discusses some  tentative practical strategies for promoting an agricultural transformation, and with it,  increased productivity, income growth, and food security over the long run. The third part  describes the general approach to promoting an agricultural transformation and food security for  Ethiopia. It is conceptual and procedural. It draws from the lessons of economic history and  theory applied to the current situation in Ethiopia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55593

PRICE REACTIONS AND ORGANIC PRICE PREMIUMS FOR PRIVATE LABEL AND BRANDED MILK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Yan; Dimitri,   Carolyn; Jaenicke,   Edward C.
Using Nielsen Homescan data set from 52 markets in the United States, this paper assesses the price interactions among the four fluid milk categories (organic private label, organic national brand, non-organic private label and non-organic national brand), how demographic variables and product properties in a market affect milk prices, and the impacts of private label and organic milk market shares on milk prices. We find several types of price competition exist among the four milk categories, including for example symmetric cooperative (non-organic private label vs. non-organic branded milk) and asymmetric dominant-fringe (both organic branded vs. organic private label and non-organic national brand vs. organic national brand. We also find that the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D43; Q13; C30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116388

THE 2005 GULF COAST HURRICANES' EFFECT ON FOOD STAMP PROGRAM CASELOADS AND BENEFITS ISSUED
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanson,   Kenneth; Oliveira,   Victor.
In fall 2005, Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma devastated areas along much of the Gulf Coast resulting in large increases in food stamp caseloads and benefits issued. In November 2005, the number of people receiving food stamps reached a record 29.7 million, or about 4 million more participants than just 3 months earlier. Most of the increase in caseloads occurred in the Gulf Coast States that were hardest hit by the hurricanes—Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. The hurricanes’ impact on caseloads in these States, in terms of both magnitude and duration, varied widely. States that received large numbers of evacuees from hurricane-affected areas also experienced disproportionate increases in caseloads relative to the other States. This...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Disaster Food Stamp Program; Food stamp caseloads; Food stamp benefits issued; Hurricanes; Gulf Coast States; Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program; FANRP; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7259

U.S. Import Demand for Tilapia from Selected FTAA Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ligeon,   Carel; Bayard,   Budry; Clark,   Joy M.; Jolly,   Curtis M.
Seafood consumption in the U.S. has increased over the period 1990 to 2003.  A large percentage of the seafood consumed in the U.S. is imported. The most important seafood products imported to the U.S. are shrimp, Atlantic salmon, tilapia, catfish, crayfish, mussels and a mixture of mollusks.  In 2003, the U.S. imported 199 million pounds of tilapia and tilapia products, at a value of $241.2 million, a 38% increase from the previous year.  The seafood market has been considered an important foreign exchange earner for the Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM), and Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) member countries. Jamaica is the only CARICOM country that exports tilapia products from aquaculture sources to the U.S.  In 2003, Jamaica exported 39,950...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Tilapia; Sea-food; Almost-Ideal-Demand-System; Import; FTAA countries; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36805

MARKET ISSUES PERTAINING TO POVERTY REDUCTION IN LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Donald J.
The extent to which Latin America can pull itself out of persistent poverty in the foreseeable future depends, in an important manner, on how successful the region will be in achieving sustainable growth in its rural economies.  A good strategy for sustainable growth in rural Latin America is to make sure that the market works for the poor.  The purpose of this paper is twofold.  First, it is to lay out some of the issues important to the successful functioning of the key markets in rural Latin America, including labor market, financial market, land market, and agricultural factor and product markets.  Second, it is to present policy suggestions regarding how to ensure that the market works for the rural poor.  While governments should continue their...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14171

Options for World Trade Organization Involvement in Food Aid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Linda M.
WTO members have presented diverse positions on food aid issues to the current round of negotiations on agriculture. Some members desire increased disciplines on food aid, while others are adamant that the WTO needs to fulfill past promises and meet the current need to increase the food security of developing countries. Underlying this debate are questions about the role of the WTO in food aid issues. It is proposed that a new, more cohesive institution for food aid be adopted to partner with the WTO.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Food aid; Food security; WTO negotiations on agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23913

Microeconomics of Technology Adoption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foster,   Andrew D.; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
There is an emerging consensus among macro-economists that differences in technology across countries accounts for the major differences in per-capita GDP and the wages of workers with similar skills across countries. Accounting for differences in technology levels across countries thus can go a long way towards understanding global inequality. One mechanism by which poorer countries can catch up with richer countries is through technological diffusion, the adoption by low-income countries of the advanced technologies produced in high-income countries. In this survey, we examine recent micro studies that focus on understanding the adoption process. If technological diffusion is a major channel by which poor countries can develop, it must be the case that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technology adoption review; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O10; O13; O33.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56760

Irrigated agriculture, water pricing and water savings in the Lower Jordan River Basin (in Jordan)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Venot,   Jean-Philippe; Molle,   Francois; Hassan,   Yousef.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farming systems; Irrigated farming; Water conservation; Groundwater; Water policy; Water rates; Water costs; Pricing; Cost recovery; Economic impact; Jordan; Lower Jordan River Basin; Jordan Valley; Amman-Zarqa Basin; Yarmouk Basin; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91468

Targeting Assistance to the Poor and Food Insecure: A Review of the Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lundberg,   Mattias K.A.; Diskin,   Patrick K.
Targeting involves the identification and selection of certain groups or households or even individuals, and the distribution of benefits (or costs) to them. Targeting is required because governments face resource constraints, and because households have different needs: some are poorer and more food insecure than others. In general, the managerial costs of targeting increase with its narrowness or intended accuracy, and these costs may exceed the savings achieved by targeting. The benefits of targeting arise precisely because it reduces the size of the target population, and the cost of narrower targeting includes the unintentional exclusion of some of the target population. The literature highlights several factors common to successful public works...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads June 2008-July 2009: 21; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54705

Elixir or opiate? An assessment of minor irrigation policies in North Bengal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shah,   Tushaar.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Agricultural development; Farmer managed irrigation systems; Social aspects; Organizations; Farmers’ associations; Subsidies; Policy; Participatory management; Governmental interrelations; Small scale systems; Performance evaluation; Economic aspects; Deep tube wells; Shallow tube wells; Lift irrigation; Rural development; Poverty alleviation; Pumps; Technology transfer; Cooperatives; Mechanization; Institutions; Leadership; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92706

Doha scenarios, trade reforms, and poverty in the Philippines: A CGE Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cororaton,   Caesar B.; Cockburn,   John; Corong,   Erwin L.
The paper examines the possible impact of Doha agreement on Philippine poverty. Using a detailed CGE analysis, the agreement is observed to depress world demand for Philippine agricultural exports, and thus slightly increase poverty, especially among rural households. However, an ambitious full trade liberalization scenario, which involves free world trade and domestic liberalization, leads to increased industrial exports that favor urban households. These impacts are driven primarily by domestic trade liberalization, as free world trade favors the agricultural sector by increasing the cost of competing agricultural imports.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Doha agreement; Computable general equilibrium (CGE); Free trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59825

Food aid distribution in Bangladesh: leakage and operational performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Rashid,   Shahidur; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Zohir,   Sajjad.
Donors support a number of targeted food-based programs in Bangladesh that are widely credited with providing poor people access to food and improving their food security. However, inefficiency in the food distribution system may be hindering the realization of the full benefits of these programs. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) conducted a comprehensive study of the efficiency of food distribution in food aid-supported programs in Bangladesh. The study has three components: (1) food discharge at harbors, (2) the public food distribution system, and (3) food distribution to program beneficiaries. The capacity and efficiency of the food distribution system was assessed from entry ports to targeted beneficiaries. The study identified...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Food distribution; Leakage; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60392

Pathways into and out of Poverty:  A Study of Household Wealth Dynamics in Rural Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muyanga,   Milu; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Burke,   William J.
For the past half-century, African governments and development agencies have experimented with a series of alternative approaches for addressing rural poverty, each giving way to a new paradigm as the persistence of poverty created disillusionment with prevailing approaches. These broad strategies included ‘growth and trickle down’ in the 1960s; basic human needs and state-led integrated rural development in the 1970s; structural adjustment and economic liberalization in the 1980s and 1990s; and, since 2000, a heterodox mix of donor budget support to empower government ownership in the design of participatory poverty reduction strategies, and resurgent interest in agricultural development. However, rural poverty in most of Sub-Saharan Africa appears to be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Assets; Shocks; Intergenerational transfers; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103377

Gender Contribution and Constrains to Rural Agriculture and Household Food Security in Kenya: Case of Western Province
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omwoha,   J.N.
This study examined the contribution of gender with special emphasis on women farmers towards rural agriculture as well as factors constraining access to rural agricultural production and consequently household food security in Western Province of Kenya. Data were collected from a total of 161 women farmers, 32 women groups as well as 254 individual males farmers engaged in small-scale production of various food crops in Western Province in Kenya for a period of 1 year. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews administered to the sampled individual farmers and women groups. Outputs from individual farm productions were used as a measure of agriculture production. Comparisons were made between exclusively female owned farms, women groups and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Gender; Kenya; Women Cooperatives; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52148

The Doha Round and Food Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leudjou,   Roland R.
In the framework of the new round of trade liberalization launched in Doha, paragraph 13 of the Development Declaration states that members will support special and differential treatment to accommodate development, including food security. This article simulates scenarios of multilateral tariff reduction from the WTO December 2008 draft modalities on agriculture for the Cameroon dairy sector. Using the Global Simulation Model, the analysis shows a substantial increase in world and domestic consumer prices, as the reduction of bound tariffs does not affect the applied tariffs given the high "binding overhang". As a consequence, consumers' welfare decreases.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer welfare; Dairy products; Domestic consumer prices; Global simulation model (GSIM); Multilateral tariff reduction; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123133

HUMAN RESOURCES/RURAL POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pulver,   Glen C.; Mason-Jenkins,   Gayle.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17648

The family farm in a globalizing world: The role of crop science in alleviating poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lipton,   Michael.
The topic of family farms has been gaining prominence in the academic, policy, and donor communities in recent years. Small farms dominate the agricultural landscape in the developing world, providing the largest source of employment and income to the rural poor, yet smallholders remain highly susceptible to poverty and hunger. With the advance of globalization and greater integration of agricultural markets, the need for increases in agricultural productivity for family farms is particularly pressing. Raising productivity and output of small farmers would not only increase their incomes and food security, but also stimulate the rest of the economy and contribute to broad-based food security and poverty alleviation. In this paper, Michael Lipton builds an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42256

FOOD SECURITY, POVERTY, AND ECONOMIC POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; Richards,   Alan.
In MENA, household food insecurity, which is closely related to poverty and undernourishment, is most severe in rural areas and concentrated within Iraq, Sudan, and Yemen. 25% of the MENA population may be poor and 7% undernourished. The key to increased national and household-level food security is pro-poor growth, driven by export-oriented, labor-intensive sectors. Agricultural sector policies should be subordinate to the pro-poor growth goal and not to the goal of food self-sufficiency. Such a strategy requires conflict resolution; macroeconomic stability; physical and human capital accumulation; reliance on markets and the private sector, and diffusion of ecologically friendly farming practices.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Middle East and North Africa; Food security; Poverty; Agriculture; Development strategy; Food Security and Poverty; O13; O53; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16274

Tax evasion and widening the tax base in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sennoga,   Edward B.; Matovu,   John Mary; Twimukye,   Evarist P.
Uganda still lags behind in its tax collections at the domestic level. For most of the commodities the tax collection effort is not more than 5 percent relative to the statutory rate of 18 percent. This results into a situation where the government has to rely a lot on foreign financing. From the analysis, there is a lot of improvement where URA can be able to increase its tax effort. this could be achieved by targeting commodities that are under-taxed and excluding food items for equity purposes. Increasing domestic collection would also result into less over reliance on taxing a few commodities especially fuel which is interlinked with a lot of other sectors and could indeed harm growth in the long-run. We also find that the tax effort on imports is...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Taxation; Tax base; Domestic taxes; Import duty; Sennoga; Twimukye; Matovu; EPRC; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54802

A Profile of the KwaZulu-Natal Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia; Buthelezi,   D.J.
The KwaZulu-Natal agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 3.9% of the KwaZulu-Natal value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 2.5% of the population in KwaZulu-Natal is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size; And Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58054

Faciliter l’adoption d’interventions de securite alimentaire dans le secteur des aliments de rue et dans les champs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karg,   Hanna; Drechsel,   Pay; Amoah,   Philip; Jeitler,   Regina.
This chapter discusses the implementation challenges of the WHO Guidelines on safe wastewater use pertaining to the adoption of the so-called ‘post-treatment’ or ‘non-treatment’ options, like safer irrigation practices or appropriate vegetablewashing in kitchens. Due to limited risk awareness and immediate benefits of wastewater irrigation, it is unlikely that a broad adoption of recommended practices will automatically follow revised policies or any educational campaign and training. Most of the recommended practices do not only require behaviourchange but might also increase operational costs. In such a situation, significant efforts are required to explore how conventional and/or social marketing can support the desired behaviour-change towards the...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Restaurants; Public health; Social behaviour; Wastewater irrigation; Vegetables; Guidelines; West Africa; Ghana; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124376

Two Sides of the Same Coin? Analysis of the Web-Based Social Media with Regard to the Image of the Agri-Food Sector in Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boehm,   Justus; Kayser,   Maike; Spiller,   Achim.
Never before has food been as safe and secure as it is today, but simultaneously, society has become increasingly critical towards agricultural and food related issues. This two-sided development between society and agribusiness will be analyzed using Framing Theory. A quantitative semantic analysis was applied to evaluate the web-based social media in Germany. 50,931 web posts were collected covering 21 issues identified as relevant for the agri-food sector. The results show that all contentious issues are mainly framed in a two-sided way. The modern productivity-driven industry is judged as a negative development, trends returning to a more natural food production are seen as positive.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agri-food industry; Framing; Image; Issue management; Social media; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97029

The Privatization of Poverty Alleviation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Viravaidya,   Mechai.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124434

POVERTY AND PLACE: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF RURAL POVERTY LITERATURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Bruce A.; Jensen,   Leif.
Poverty rates are highest in the most urban and most rural areas of the United States, and are higher in non-metropolitan (nonmetro) than metropolitan (metro) areas, yet rural poverty remains relatively obscured from mainstream political and popular attention. This fact has motivated considerable research by rural social scientists on the relationship between poverty and place generally, and rural-urban differences in poverty, in particular. We provide a critical review of the literature on rural poverty, paying particular attention to methodogical and statistical challenges facing quantitative analyses. This body of research confirms the higher prevalence of poverty in nonmetro areas, and finds that while both compositional (individual) and contextual...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18913

Technical efficiency and environmental pressures of pig farms in Hungary
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Latruffe,   Laure; Desjeux,   Yann; Fogarasi,   Jozsef; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Ferto,   Imre.
Pig farming is one of the strongest polluters of water resources due to its intensive production techniques and slurry rejection. Several European countries have already introduced environmental regulations aiming at reducing the pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources, but not yet Hungary. This paper investigates how Hungarian pig farms would be affected if such regulations are to be enforced. We calculate farm technical efficiency separately for two types of pig production systems – namely farrowing only and farrow-to-finish farms (FAFI farms) and finishing only farms (FI farms) – using 2001 data on pig activity and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We then investigate whether environmental regulations would affect the farms’ technical...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; DEA; Pig farms; Nitrate pollution; Hungary; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109385

MULTIFUNCTIONAL AGRICULTURE: AN ENGINE OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Randall,   Alan.
The historical role of agriculture in economic geography and recent conceptual developments – including multifunctional agriculture (MFA), the new economic geography, amenity-driven growth, and the “world is flat” and “creative class” hypotheses – are examined, and recent empirical research in North America and Europe is reviewed, in order to assess the potential for MFA as an engine of regional economic growth. Ideal MFA policy corrects market failures and is mostly amenity-augmenting. It has the capacity to enhance opportunities for farmers on urban fringe; stimulate growth in high-amenity rural regions accessible to cities that offer opportunities for high-value work; and generate growth in relatively remote high-amenity regions. The scope for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional agriculture; Regional economic development; Agglomeration; Amenity driven growth; Peri-urban areas; Fiscal transfers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91106

Understanding Vulnerability to Food Insecurity Lessons from Vulnerable Livelihood Profiling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lovendal,   Christian Romer; Knowles,   Marco; Horii,   Naoko.
The Food Security and Agricultural Projects Analysis Unit (ESAF) of FAO has undertaken a number of pilot studies to develop a methodology for understanding why certain groups of people are vulnerable to becoming food insecure.  The studies use the sustainable livelihoods approach adopted for food security analysis and are primarily based on qualitative information collection.  The objective of these studies is to inform policy and programming decisions for reducing vulnerability to food insecurity.  Drawing from these experiences and those of other FAO units involved in similar work, this paper identifies key lessons learnt and makes recommendations for strengthening future work on food security and vulnerability analysis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Vulnerability; Vulnerable groups; Food security; Livelihoods; FIVIMS; Food Security and Poverty; Q12; R20; O20.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23794

FORCES AFFECTING THE WORLD FOOD SITUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: West,   Quentin M.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1968
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17877

Biotechnology and the Quest for Food Security: Panacea, Panoply or Palliative?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ryan,   James G.
Biotechnology can help confer traits in crops and livestock that enhance yields and quality and reduce costs, often with attendant benefits to the environment. In economic terms biotechnology offers the potential of substantially reducing the research time and costs of genetically enhancing crops and livestock. Biotechnology is viewed as a way of substantially lifting yield potentials in much the same way as conventional breeding did with the dwarfing genes leading to the Green Revolution in rice and wheat in the 1960s. To realise this potential for developing countries will require more explicit attention to their priorities and an array of complementary investments and policies. These include an increased focus on ‘orphan crops’ and traits of particular...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123929

Sustainable Relations in International Development Cooperation Projects: The Role of Organizational Climate
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rota,   Cosimo; Zanasi,   Cesare.
The importance of the human side of project management to assess the success of international development project has not been fully considered yet. An analysis of the literature on the project success definition, focused on the success criteria and success factors, was carried out. The organization’s effectiveness, in terms of Relations Sustainability, emerged as a criteria integrating the “time, cost, performance” approach to define a project success. Based on previous research contributions on the factors influencing the organization’s effectiveness, the paper expands the analysis of the influence of Organizational Climate on the Relation Sustainability between project manager and project team involved in international cooperation for development. The...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Relations sustainability; Organizational climate; Organizational effectiveness; Project management; Project success; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121845

Halving Hunger: Meeting the First Millennium Development Goal through "Business as Unusual"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen.
In 2000, the world’s leaders set a target of halving the percentage of hungry people between 1990 and 2015. This rather modest target constitutes part of the first Millennium Development Goal, which also calls for halving the proportion of people living in poverty and achieving full employment. However, the effort to meet the hunger target has swerved off track, and the world is getting farther and farther away from realizing this objective. The goal of halving hunger by 2015 can still be achieved, but business as usual will not be enough. What is needed is “business as unusual”—a smarter, more innovative, better focused, and cost-effective approach to reducing hunger.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Developing countries; Developing countries; Economic policy; Hunger; Developing countries; Millennium Development Goals (MDG); Policies; Poverty; Developing countries; Rural development; Developing countries; Social protection; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92808

MINŐSÉG A SERTÉSHÚSVERTIKUMBAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nabradi,   Andras.
Sokan és sokszor hangoztatják a minőségi termékelőállítás fontosságát, a mi-nőség fokozását, de kevesebben térnek arra ki, hogy végül is mit célszerű fokozni, milyen minőséget indokolt előállítani, mert eltérő minőségkategóriák léteznek az értéklánc folyamatában. Más a megítélés a termelőnél, más a feldolgozónál és teljesen más lehet a forgalmazónál. A végső „minőségellenőr” végül is a fogyasz-tó. Kérdés csupán az, hogy a fogyasztói értékítélet mennyire jelenik meg az ér-téklánc korábbi szakaszainál, ki mit tehet, illetve tesz a minőség növelése érde-kében. Szinte feltáratlan mindezek mellett a minőség költségeinek kérdésköre, a gazdaságilag optimális minőség. A tanulmány problémafelvető a sertéshúsverti-kumban, de hasonló és részletesebb vizsgálatok...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Minőség; Minőségköltség; Minőségi kategóriák; Gazdaságilag optimális minőség; Értéklánc; Quality; Quality expenditure; Quality categories; Economically optimal quality; Value chain; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57677

2006 Global Hunger Index: A Basis for Cross-Country Comparisons
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiesmann,   Doris M.
Indices can be powerful tools for international monitoring and advocacy, and if used in international rankings, can help foster a sense of healthy competition among countries. With this in mind, IFPRI's Global Hunger Index (GHI) was designed to help mobilize political will and promote good policies by ranking countries and illustrating trends. It captures three dimensions of hunger: insufficient availability of food, shortfalls in the nutritional status of children, and child mortality, which is to a large extent attributable to undernutrition. Accordingly, the index includes the following three equally weighted indicators: the proportion of people who are food energy deficient as estimated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43380

PARTICIPATION AND POVERTY REDUCTION: ISSUES, THEORY, AND NEW EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoddinott,   John; Adato,   Michelle; Besley,   Timothy; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
This paper examines the relationship between community participation and the efficacy of interventions designed to reduce poverty. We develop some simple analytics that are used to structure a review of the extant literature and motivate the analysis of the impact of participation on the efficacy of public works interventions in South Africa. These analytics suggest that because communities possess informational advantages unavailable to outsiders, community participation offers the prospect of lowering the cost of antipoverty interventions. In cases where the outcomes of interventions are difficult to measure, community participation is attractive because it is more likely to produce a set of outcomes actually desired by the community. However, this...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16457

Enhancing Linkage between Military and Agro-Food Industry Sectors in Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Sounghun.
The Ministry of National Defense (MND) is the biggest governmental consumer in the Korean agro-food sector. In 2006, the quantity of purchased agricultural products was about 260 thousand tons and the MND spent about 300 billion won for this purchase. The purpose of this paper is to review the current status of the food purchase system of MND and to suggest renewed roles of MND and the agro-food sector for better alliance. After evaluating the current food purchase system of MND, two main roles of MND were suggested: offering opportunities for Korean agro-food suppliers to sell their high-quality products and developing a purchase system to promote competition among suppliers. As the roles of the agro-food sector, stable supplying of cheap agro-food and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agro-food industry; Food purchase system of the Ministry of National Defense; Linkages; Korea; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45685

Que Colheita e Preços Esperar para a Época de Comercialização Agrícola 2005/06? Expectativas dos Comerciantes de Pequena Escala no Centro e Norte de Moçambique.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Equipe Tecnica do SIMA.
Resultados das Investigações do SIMA-Dest e Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economia
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55247

Innovative approaches to agricultural water use for improving food security in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Inocencio,   Arlene; Sally,   Hilmy; Merrey,   Douglas J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Water use; Food security; Water resources; Water supply; Rain; Water harvesting; Wetlands; Food production; Groundwater management; Urbanization; Recycling; Effluents; Waste waters; Water reuse; Water demand; Crop production; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92701

Mali’s Food Security Challenges: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Staatz,   John M.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Mali has a high incidence of malnutrition. The fourth Demographic and Health survey reports that in 2006 the incidence of wasting, stunting and underweight children under 5 years of age was 13.8%, 37.9% and 24.5% respectively in rural areas, and 12%, 24% and 25% respectively in urban areas. While malnutrition is found in all regions of Mali, the regions of Timbuktu and Sikasso have higher than average levels for all three indicators, while the region of Kidal has high levels of wasting. For a detailed analysis of food security indicators see Ward (2010).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97138

Integrated land use modelling of agri-environmental measures to maintain biodiversity at landscape level
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schonhart,   Martin; Schauppenlehner,   Thomas; Schmid,   Erwin.
Integrated land use models (ILM) are increasingly applied tools for the joint assessment of complex economic-environmental farming system interactions. We present an ILM that consists of the crop rotation model CropRota, the bio-physical process model EPIC, and the farm optimization model FAMOS[space]. The ILM is applied to analyze agri-environmental measures to maintain biodiversity in an Austrian landscape. We jointly consider the biodiversity effects of land use intensity (i.e. nitrogen application rates and mowing frequencies) and landscape development (e.g. provision of landscape elements) using a rich indicator set and region specific species-area relationships. The cost-effectiveness of agri-environmental measures in attaining alternative...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Integrated farm land use modeling; Biodiversity indicators; Agri-environmental policy; Landscape elements; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109401

Expanding the Agricultural Finance Frontier: A Kenyan Case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kibaara,   Betty; Nyoro,   James K.
Agriculture is the mainstay of the Kenyan Economy. However, agriculture has experienced low productivity over the years. Poor access to agricultural finance has been identified as a contributing factor to low crop productivity. Kenyan agriculture has undergone some fundamental changes which have profoundly affected agricultural financial services. In addition, most financiers shy away from lending to the agricultural sector because of the covariant risks related to rain-fed agriculture. Given this background, we undertake a comparative analysis of emerging models of agricultural finance that have expanded the agricultural finance frontier to the smallholder farmers. Key findings indicate that demand for farming credit takes the highest proportion of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52109

DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN EGYPT: 1997
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Poverty profiles are a useful way of summarizing information on the levels of poverty and the characteristics of the poor in a society. They also provide us with important clues to the underlying determinants of poverty. However, important as they are, poverty profiles are limited by the bivariate nature of their informational content. The bivariate associations typical in a poverty profile can sometimes be misleading; they beg the obvious question of the effect of a particular variable conditional on the other potential determinants. While there may be certain contexts where unconditional poverty profiles are relevant to a policy decision (see Ravallion 1996), often one would be interested in the "conditional" poverty effects of proposed policy...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94512

Public Goods, Hysteresis, and Underinvestment in Food Safety
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Nganje,   William E.; Acharya,   Ram N.
Despite the economic damage inflicted by a foodborne disease outbreak, firms at all points in the supply chain appear to be reluctant to invest in the necessary food safety technologies and practices. We argue that these investments are subject to both hysteretic and public good effects, and construct a theoretical model of food safety investment, calibrated to describe the 2006 E. coli outbreak in California spinach. Both effects are found to induce delays in food safety investments, but the public good effect dominates. We suggest a number of policy options that improve incentives to contribute to the public good.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Hysteresis; Investment; Public goods; Real options; Simulation; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57627

Conflict, Food Price Shocks, and Food Insecurity: The experience of Afghan households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Revised version submitted December 2012.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Afghanistan; Food security; Conflict; Nutrition; Poverty; Spatial distribution; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D12; I3.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123323

Intersectoral management of river basins; Proceedings of an International Workshop on "Integrated Water Management in Water-Stressed River Basins in Developing Countries: Strategies for Poverty Alleviation and Agricultural Growth," Loskop Dam, South Africa, 16-21 October 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; River basins; Watercourses; Poverty; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Water policy; Water use efficiency; Political aspects; Water allocation; User charges; Privatization; Water users' associations; Water scarcity; Investment; Financing; Institutional constraints; Water law; Gender; Social aspects; Conflict; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118386

FOOD SAFETY IN FOOD SECURITY AND FOOD TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Overview, by Laurian J. Unnevehr; Food safety as a public health issue for developing countries, by Fritz K. Kaferstein; Mycotoxin food safety risk in developing countries, by Ramesh V. Bhat and Siruguri Vasanthi; Trends in food safety standards and regulation: implications for developing countries, by Julie A. Caswell; Food safety issues in international trade, by Spencer Henson; Balancing risk reduction and benefits from trade in setting standards, by John Wilson and Tsunehiro Otsuki; Case study: Guatemalan raspberries and cyclospora, by Linda Calvin, Luis Flores, and William Foster; Case study: Kenyan fish exports, by Richard O. Abila; Case study: the shrimp export industry in Bangladesh, by James C. Cato and S. Subasinge; Case study:...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16033

The microeconomics of food security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chavas,   Jean-Paul.
This article develops a dynamic microeconomic model of food security under uncertainty, with special focus on the relationships between food demand, nutrition and human survival. It investigates the influence of entitlements on malnutrition, hunger and starvation under uncertainty. It develops useful insights on the links between food security and a number of policy instruments commonly used in dealing with malnutrition and starvation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117786

Investing in agriculture to overcome the world food crisis and reduce poverty and hunger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47661

Financing agricultural inputs in Northern Togo through an inventory credit system: an economic analysis of institutional response
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Konlambigue,   Abdou.
Agricultural intensification is widely seen as a condition sine-qua-non for enhanced food security and as a major driver for overall economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this process, the financial system has an important role to play, especially to finance agricultural inputs. However in SSA, the financial institutions initiated by governments and donors have in general not lived up to the expectations, in particular not for the agricultural sector, because of inappropriate design and weaknesses in implementation. Even the microfinance institutions which were supposed to support the small-scale farmers have deflected for their goals due to the risks that the agricultural sector represents. To date, the economic research tends to concentrate on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Financing; Agricultural inputs; Inventory credit; Togo; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52100

Public Food Distribution System and Food Security of the Poor: The Indian and Chinese Experience Compared
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhou,   Zhang-Yue; Gandhi,   Vasant P.
The idea of food security has been circulating for a long time and the right to adequate food and to be free from hunger has been repeatedly affirmed and reaffirmed in a number of documents adopted by the United Nations. Despite the enormous efforts in the past decades by various international organisations, government and non-government organisations, unfortunately, today there are still more than 800 million people throughout the world, most of them in developing countries, who do not have enough food to meet their basic nutritional needs. Among the 800 million, more than 30 percent are from India and China. It is these poor people who have great difficulty in obtaining an adequate food for basic human requirements and who need to be helped by the public...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123746

Fresh Meat and Traceability Labelling: Who Cares?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stranieri,   Stefanella; Banterle,   Alessandro.
Within the framework of European food safety measures, Reg. 1760/2000 and 1825/2000 have introduced mandatory traceability and relevant labelling into the beef sector. The paper analyses whether information on meat labels can be considered a useful instrument for consumers, facilitating the verification of quality. The purpose of the paper is, first, to evaluate whether meat information is used during food purchase, and secondly, by focussing on specific meat information, to assess consumer interest in some mandatory and voluntary information cues and to identify the determinants affecting the use of such cues. Data were collected by a telephone questionnaire in a survey conducted in the Lombardy region of northern Italy. The sample consisted of 1,025...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Traceability; Meat; Consumer preferences; Logit analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58710

Entrepreneurship and Income Inequality in Southern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kimhi,   Ayal.
This paper uses inequality decomposition techniques in order to analyze the consequences of entrepreneurial activities to household income inequality in Southern Ethiopia. A uniform increase in entrepreneurial income reduces per capita household income inequality. This implies that encouraging rural entrepreneurship may be favorable for both income growth and income distribution. Such policies could be particularly successful if directed at the low-income, low-wealth, and relatively uneducated segments of the society.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47505

LES DEFIS: SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE ET CULTURES DE RENTE POUR L'EXPORTATION -- PRINCIPALES ORIENTATIONS ET AVANTAGES COMPARATIFS DE L'AGRICULTURE EN R.D. CONGO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31841

Looking Ahead: Long-Term Prospects for Africa’s Agricultural Development and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Cline,   Sarah A.; Li,   Weibo; Sulser,   Timothy B.; Valmonte-Santos,   Rowena A.
Sub-Saharan Africa is the only developing region in the world where food insecurity has worsened instead of improved in recent decades. In this discussion paper, Mark W. Rosegrant, Sarah A. Cline, Weibo Li, Timothy B. Sulser, and Rowena A. Valmonte-Santos show that this discouraging trend need not be a blueprint for the future. The research contained in this discussion paper was conducted in preparation for the IFPRI 2020 Africa conference “Assuring Food and Nutrition Security in Africa by 2020: Prioritizing Actions, Strengthening Actors, and Facilitating Partnerships,” held in Kampala, Uganda, April 1–3, 2004. The authors examine the implications of several different policy scenarios based on IFPRI’s International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42255

Institutions for integrated water-resources management in river basins: A synthesis of IWMI research.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kurian,   Mathew.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basin development; Water resource management; Poverty; Irrigation management; Farmers’ associations; Institutional development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92518

Control of Newcastle Disease in Village Chickens
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Centre for International Economics.
Between 1983 and 1992, the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) invested A$3 million in research to find a vaccine that could provide protection from Newcastle disease in chickens and be applied in village environments in developing countries. A further $160 000 was invested in follow up projects which ended in 1996. Village chickens often provide the only source of protein to poor villagers living in remote areas and Newcastle disease frequently devastates unvaccinated village flocks. The ACIAR-sponsored research was highly successful in developing a heat resistant vaccine (HRV4) which could be readily used in the field by coating it onto chicken feed. The vaccine was commercialised by an Australian company which subsequently...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Newcastle disease; Chickens; Poultry; Vaccine; Malaysia; Vietnam; ACIAR; Australia; Developing country; Village; Africa; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47190

What Is the Impact of Non-Contributory Pensions on Poverty? Estimates from Brazil and South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrientos,   Armando.
This paper considers the impact of cash transfer programmes for the old in Brazil and South Africa on poverty among households with older people. Using datasets collected specifically for the purpose, the paper constructs conditional and unconditional estimates of the poverty reduction capacity of these programmes. The paper finds that non-contributory pensions have a measurable and significant impact upon poverty reduction and poverty prevention in the two countries studied.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Pensions; South Africa; Brazil; Food Security and Poverty; H55; I32; I38; J14.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30556

THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHILD NUTRITIONAL STATUS ACROSS COUNTRIES AND OVER TIME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Chen,   Susan E.; Masters,   William A.
Malnutrition is manifested in various degrees of both underweight and overweight, with large differences and rapid changes in their prevalence and severity. This paper introduces a new approach to characterizing the distribution of a population’s nutritional status, to help analyze changes in that distribution over time and across countries. Our method draws on the poverty literature to construct Foster-Greer-Thorbecke measures for the incidence and severity of under and overweight, based on deviations in either direction from the median of a healthy population. We apply this median-based measure to the nutritional status of over 400,000 preschool children, as measured in 130 DHS surveys covering 53 countries over a period from 1986 to 2006. Unlike...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Underweight; Overweight; Malnutrition; Poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I12; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6147

Recensement des besoins d’information des opérateurs économiques pour une augmentation du volume des échanges entre la Guinée, le Mali, le Niger et le Sénégal
Provedor de dados: 31
Reports (in French) on Stakeholders' Market Information Needs to Engage in Regional Trade. Guinea
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information; Guinea; Mali; Senegal; Agriculture; Food security; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57263

The 2011 Surplus in Smallholder Maize Production in Zambia: Drivers, Beneficiaries, &amp; Implications for Agricultural &amp; Poverty Reduction Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Burke,   William J.; Shipekesa,   Arthur M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
In 2011, Zambia recorded its second consecutive record-breaking maize harvest, and aggregate maize production levels in 2011 were more than double the average level from 2006 to 2008. The expansion in maize production over the period corresponds with the scaling up of the Government of the Republic of Zambia's (GRZ) two flagship agricultural sector programmes. These are: (i) maize purchases at pan-territorial, above-market prices through the Food Reserve Agency (FRA); and (ii) subsidized fertilizer distribution through the Fertilizer Support Programme and its successor, the Farmer Input Support Programme (FSP/FISP). More than 90% of GRZ funding for Poverty Reduction Programmes is devoted to the FRA and FSP/FISP, yet there has been no major reduction in...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Maize; Zambia; Poverty; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118477

Appraising the Poverty Outreach of Microfinance: A Review of the CGAP Poverty Assessment Tool (PAT)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simanowitz,   Anton.
Assessment of the poverty level of microfinance clients is important for both practitioners and donors.  For practitioners, increased understanding of the target market and whether it is being reached can help in the design of financial services better suited to the needs of different groups of clients.  For donors seeking to ensure the most effective use of their scarce resources for combating poverty, poverty assessment is used to assist in making decisions on resource allocation.  While there is much evidence that microfinance can be a critical input towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and the reduction of poverty (Littlefield et al. 2003), the impacts of microfinance are not automatic.  To achieve significant directs impacts on...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23743

Characteristics of Low-Income Households With Very Low Food Security:  An Analysis of the USDA GPRA Food Security Indicator
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
This Economic Information Bulletin describes characteristics of low-income households that had very low food security in 2005. The U.S. Department of Agriculture monitors the food security of low-income households to assess how effectively the Government’s domestic nutrition assistance programs meet the needs of their target populations. USDA seeks to reduce the prevalence of very low food security among low-income households as part of its strategic plan under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Very low food security; Hunger; Food stamp program; School lunch program; WIC; GPRA; ERS; USDA; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59030

ARE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE STAMP POLICIES COST-EFFECTIVE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Mouzon,   Olivier; Requillart,   Vincent; Soler,   Louis-Georges; Dallongeville,   Jean; Dauchet,   Luc.
In many countries, consumption of fruits and vegetables (F&amp;V) is below recommended levels. We quantify the economic and health effects of F&amp;V stamp policy designed for low income consumers. The analysis combined two models: an economic model which predicts how F&amp;V consumption is affected by a change in policy and a health model which evaluates the impact of a change in F&amp;V consumption in terms of death avoided (DA) and life-years saved (LYS). Finally we computed the costs per DA and LYS as the ratio between the taxpayer cost of the policy and the number of DA and LYS. The main findings of the present study are: (1) F&amp;V stamp policy has a positive and significant impact on the consumption of small F&amp;V consumers of the targeted...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost-effectiveness analysis; Fruits and Vegetables; Health Impact Assessment; Health Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D61; I18; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116416

Transmission des fluctuations et calcul des prix de parité à l’importation du riz et du maïs en Côte d'Ivoire
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Noel,   M. Kouable.
The main purpose of the study is to measure the level of influence exercised by the recent outbreak world prices of rice and maize, the prices of local products (rice and corn), also how to assess the competitiveness of local products has been affected by this increase in West Africa
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ivory coast; Maize; Rice; Parity prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93024

Determinants of Selected Agricultural Export Crops in Nigeria: An Ecm Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yusuf,   Sina A.; Yusuf,   W.A.
This study examines the factors that determine the export performance of three major agricultural exportable commodities of cocoa, rubber and palm-kernel in the context of liberalization. Using time series data covering thirty three years and to avoid spurious result, error correction model was applied in the analysis. The unit root test is in line with the a priori expectation that macroeconomic variables are not stationary at their level. Virtually all the variables tested were differenced once before attaining stationarity. Each of the three equations indicated that the dependent variables cointegrated with their arguments at 1 percent level. There is the existence of short term and long term equilibrium relationships between the dependent variables and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural exports; Cointegration; ECM; Nigeria; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52181

A Profile of the Northern Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of the Northern Cape. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15612

SECOND FOOD SECURITY MEASUREMENT AND RESEARCH CONFERENCE, VOLUME II:  PAPERS
Provedor de dados: 31
The Second Food Security Measurement and Research Conference (23-24, 1999) was co-sponsored by the U. S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service and Economic Research Service and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National Center for Health Satistics.  The conference was the second in a series and was attended by researchers from government, academia, and the private sector.  The conference was part of an ongoing program of Federal food security research, the goal of which has been to establish a stable measurement strategy to assess annual the food security status of the U. S. population.  This report is volume 11 of a two-volume set and contains a set of research papers that conference participants prepared to provide...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Food assistance; Nutrition monitoring; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33883

Strengthening Africa's Capacity to Design and Implement Strategies for Food and Nutrition Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babu,   Suresh Chandra; Rhoe,   Valerie; Temu,   Andrew; Hendriks,   Sheryl L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45771

FOOD FROM PEACE: BREAKING THE LINKS BETWEEN CONFLICT AND HUNGER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.; D'Costa,   Jashinta.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16205

Consumer Market for Functional Foods in South Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Barcellos,   Marcia Dutra; Lionello,   Rafael Laitano.
This study aims at investigating the consumer market for functional foods (FF) in Porto Alegre, South Brazil. Functional food is any healthy food claimed to have a health-promoting or disease-preventing property beyond the basic function of supplying nutrients. Health has been named as the most significant trend and innovation driver in the global food and drinks market. Brazil is one of the leading countries in food production and consumption, and the market for functional foods have been growing 10% per year, three times more than the market for conventional foods. Although this food category is considered mature in some developed markets (such as in Japan, in the Nordic countries and in the U.S), it is still unknown for many consumers, especially those...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Functional foods; Consumer market; Attitudes; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121853

Chutes brutales des prix des céréales improbables en ce début de campagne de commercialisation 2007/08
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cereal prices; Rapid price fall; Food security; Mali; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q11.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57059

Evolution of the Rural Economy in Post-War Mozambique: Insights from a Rapid Appraisal of Monapo District of Nampula Province
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Rapid appraisal; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56015

Operational Models for Improving the Targeting Efficiency of Agricultural and Development Policies: A systematic comparison of different estimation methods using out-of-sample tests
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houssou,   Nazaire; Zeller,   Manfred.
Accurate targeting is key for the success of any development policy. While a number of factors might explain low targeting efficiency such as governance failure, political interference or lack of political will, this paper focuses on improving indicator-based models that identify poor households and smallholder farmers more accurately.    Using stepwise regressions along with out-of-sample validation tests and receiver operating characteristic curves, this paper develops proxy means tests models for rural and urban Malawi. The models developed have proved their validity in an independent sample and therefore, can be used to target a wide range of development policies to the poor. This makes the models a potentially interesting policy tool for the country.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Poverty targeting; Predictions; Proxy means tests; Out-of-sample tests; ROC curve; Bootstrap; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C01; C13; C51; C52; I3; I32; Q14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51454

TRADE IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY: ANALYSIS ON FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN RURAL CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chang,   Min; Sumner,   Daniel A.
We simulate several alternative scenarios to access the impact of border liberalization on household food security in rural China. We find that most Chinese farmers derive most their income from sources other than grain marketing and buy a significant amount of staple grain. Opening the border to more import of grain resulting in lower the domestic price is likely to improve the general level of food security for rural farm households in China.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20322

Rural Household Labour Demand, Contract Choice, Hoarding Cost and Poverty: Evidence from Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gathungu,   E.; Musyoka,   M.P.
This study determines the factors that influenced contract choice, labour demand and examines the existence of labour hoarding practice in Western region of Kenya. Data from Egerton University’s Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy and Development was used for the analysis.. A two step Heckman model was employed to estimate the extent of engagement in daily and semi-permanent contracts conditional on choice of contract. Results from the study show that casual and semi-permanent contracts are substitutes.  Family labour negatively influences engagement in daily and semi-permanent contracts hence it is a substitute to the two forms of the contracts. Increase in wages paid to casual contracts is negative and significant to the extent of daily contract...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Kenya; Labour; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52159

Global Economic Crisis Threatens Food Security in Lower Income Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosen,   Stacey L.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
Economic downturn reduces import capacity and heightens food insecurity in developing countries.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122562

ASSESSMENT OF WIC COST-CONTAINMENT PRACTICES; EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirlin,   John A.; Cole,   Nancy; Logan,   Christopher.
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides both nutrition education and supplemental foods containing nutrients determined by nutritional research to be lacking in the diets of pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women, infants, and children. State WIC agencies have implemented practices designed to reduce the cost of food packages containing these prescribed foods. For instance, one of the WIC program's primary cost-saving practices is negotiating rebate contracts with manufacturers of infant formula. Additional practices include limiting authorized vendors to stores with lower food prices; limiting approved brands, package sizes, forms, or prices; and negotiating rebates with food manufacturers or...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WIC Program; Cost-containment; Food-item restrictions; Vendor restrictions; Manufacturers' rebates; Food package costs; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33823

IS DIETARY DIVERSITY AN INDICATOR OF FOOD SECURITY OR DIETARY QUALITY? A REVIEW OF MEASUREMENT ISSUES AND RESEARCH NEEDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.
Although dietary diversity is universally recognized as a key component of healthy diets, there is still a lack of consensus on how to measure and operationalize it. This paper focuses on the issues of dietary diversity in developing countries. It also draws upon experience from developed countries to address the following questions: 1. How is dietary diversity conceptualized, operationalized, and measured, and how does it relate operationally to dietary quality? 2. Is there an association between dietary diversity and nutrient adequacy in developing countries? Between dietary diversity and child growth? 3. What is the relationship between household-level dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors and food security? 4. What key measurement issues need to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16386

Benefit-Cost Analysis and Socio-Economic Considerations of Trypanosomiasis Control and Treatment in Northern Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wahab,   S.; Asuming-Brempong,   Samuel.
The paper estimates the cost of tsetse control and treatment of trypanosomiasis and the benefits involved, using benefit-cost analysis. It also estimates the extent to which socio-economic characteristics of farmers affect the use of tsetse control techniques, using a maximum Likelihood-Binary Logit model. The results show that farmers will benefit if they invest in control and treatment of the disease. We find that the farmer accepting the challenge that the tsetse fly is a threat to cattle production, the number of dependants the farmer has, and the farmer agreeing that the bite of the tsetse fly causes the nagana disease are significant factors that affect adoption of control practices including the use of prescribed drugs. Our findings suggest that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52878

DOES FOOD AID STABILIZE FOOD AVAILABILITY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.
This paper explores the empirical relationship between U.S. food aid flows per capita and nonconcessional food availability per capita in PL 480 recipient economies.  The evidence suggests PL 480, while modestly progressive in its distribution, is if anything procyclical in recipient economies.  Food aid fails to stabilize food availability.  Both increased domestic food production – i.e., agricultural development – and commercial trade appear more effective than food aid in advancing food security objectives through the stabilization of food availability per capita in low-income economies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14757

Pakistan's Cotton and Textile Economy: Intersectoral Linkages and Effects on Rural and Urban Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cororaton,   Caesar B.; Orden,   David.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Textile industry; Cotton Trade; Poverty; Economic Conditions; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47659

Agricultural Value Chain Development in West Africa – Methodological framework and case study of mango in Benin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Melle,   Cathelijne; Coulibaly,   Ousmane; Hell,   Kerstin.
Globalization and competitiveness of agricultural commodities could have significant potential benefits for food security and poverty reduction in West Africa. Participation in global trade and economy is potentially important but not enough to ensure benefits at all levels of the chains and equitable distribution of income for each participant. Efficiency is key in the commodity value chain, but effective support functions and services, infrastructure, legal and policy environment are important. This paper presents the framework of value chain concept and analysis, as a guide to enhance competitiveness of commodities at national, regional or global level. The paper applies the value chain framework to a case study on mango in Benin, West Africa. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Benin; Mango; Value chain; West Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51994

Food Security II Cooperative Agreement: Project Fact Sheets (1994 version)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Michael T.
Individual project fact sheets.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 5; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54726

Poverty Mapping in Rural Syria for Enhanced Targeting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szonyi,   Judit A.; de Pauw,   Eddy; La Rovere,   Roberto; Aw-Hassan,   Aden.
Poverty maps allow assessing the well-being of rural population in a spatial context and identifying poverty hotspots. The maps can be used for regional policy analysis as they help in identifying areas where the rural poor live and where rural poverty is determined by the endowment and quality of natural resources and by population pressure. Natural resource endowment was assessed in the study by calculating an Agricultural Resource Index based on the availability of different major agricultural resources. Income per-capita was calculated by using census data, adjusted by the rural population density. The results show that the better income areas of Syria are located in the irrigated or higher-rainfall areas, but lower-income pockets exist due to the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty maps; Resource endowment; Agricultural income distribution; GIS; Syria; Food Security and Poverty; C21; C8; D3; I3; R0.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25564

FOOD FOR EDUCATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15895

The Long-Term Food Outlook for India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohanty,   Samarendu; Alexandratos,   Nikos; Bruinsma,   Jelle.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18646

Food Security Strategies for the Kingdom of Tonga
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Halavatau,   S.M.; Halavatau,   N.V.
The study objective was to assess the food security situation in Tonga and the problems faced, to identify effective strategies and to help formulate appropriate policy options for solving respective problems. Food security at the national, regional and household levels is most vulnerable to natural disasters of tropical cyclones, droughts, pest outbreaks, or a combination of these threats. The study also found that unless key players in many of the research areas and information needs are identified, the chance to implement many of the desired activities is very slim. It was also evident that there might be a possibility for regional cooperation on strategies for food security or on aspects like coping systems or involvement of youths in food production.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32700

Collective Action to Secure Property Rights for the Poor: A Case Study in Jambi Province, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Komarudin,   Heru; Siagian,   Yuliana L.; Colfer,   Carol.
This study presents an approach to analyzing decentralized forestry and natural resource management and land property rights issues, and catalyzing collective action among villages and district governments. It focuses on understanding the current policies governing local people’s access to property rights and decision making processes, and learning how collective action among community groups and interaction among stakeholders can enhance local people’s rights over lands, resources, and policy processes for development. The authors applied participatory action research in two villages, one each in the Bungo and Tanjabbar districts of Jambi province (Sumatra), Indonesia, to facilitate identification of priorities through phases of planning, action,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Decentralization; Natural resource management; Forest; Collective action; Property rights; Action research; Indonesia; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44363

Agricultural technology, productivity and employment: Policies for poverty reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thirtle,   Colin G.; Piesse,   Jenifer; Gouse,   Marnus.
This paper begins by arguing that agricultural economics has an important contribution to make to the economic transition of the new democratic South Africa. Policies are required to reduce unemployment, poverty and inequality, but does the work of agricultural economists provide the policy makers with the information necessary to make the correct choices?  In this context, we update our recent work on technology, efficiency and productivity in South African agriculture, for both the commercial and smallholder sub-sectors. For the commercial sector, this means extending the total factor productivity index and estimates of the demand for labour. For the smallholder sector, there are new results on the impacts of GM cotton and white maize on output and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31719

Understanding the U.S. Generic Advertising System and Its Role in Information Management Among Commodities and Food Systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Ronald W.
Understanding the U.S. Generic Advertising System and Its Role in Information Management Among Commodities and Food Systems
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Generic promotions; Checkoff; Demand; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97023

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Flores,   Luis; Mather,   David.
Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Central america; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93029

Do defaults matter? Willingness to pay to avoid GM food vis-à-vis organic and conventional food in Denmark, Great Britain and Spain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Costa-Font,   Montserrat; Tranter,   Richard B.; Gil,   Jose Maria; Jones,   Philip J.; Gylling,   Morten.
The introduction and communication of new technologies in the food industries has given rise in the past to some scientific uncertainty that hampers informed choice. Here we draw upon the case of Genetically Modified (GM) technology and, in particular, on different types of GM food, to investigate consumers’ behavioural reactions to GM food as well as their willingness to pay for avoiding GM food in three EU countries, Denmark, GB and Spain in 2007. Our unique contribution lies in that our empirical analysis concerns two food products containing different characteristics. In particular, we compare consumers’ reactions to cornflakes (to represent a processed food) and tomatoes (to represent a 'fresh' food) juxtaposed with GM and conventionally produced...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified food; Consumer behavior; Choice models; Denmark; Great Britain; Spain; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91750

Consumers’ willingness to pay for food safety: the case of mycotoxins in milk
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sckokai,   Paolo; Moro,   Daniele; Cuomo,   Enrica.
European statistics show that one of the most widespread source of health risks related to food is mycotoxins. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the Italian consumers’ perception of the mycotoxins’ risk and, more specifically, their willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a hypothetical bottle of milk obtained by cows in which the feed ration contains maize certified for the ‘good practices’ that reduce such risk. For this purpose, a web-based stated choice (SC) experiment involving a representative sample of 973 Italian consumers has been carried out and WTP has been measured using the panel data version of a Random Parameters Logit (RPL) model. The results show that Italian consumers are willing to pay a rather high average price premium for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Mycotoxins; Willingness to pay; Mixed logit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C35; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116411

Accessing rural finance: The rural financial market in Northern Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dufhues,   Thomas.
During the transition of the Vietnamese economy, adaptation of the financial system was one of the most challenging reforms. A major task of this reform was to expand the financial system’s outreach to the newly emerging private sector and household economies, especially in rural areas. Therefore, state-owned financial intermediaries such as the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) and the Vietnam Bank for the Poor (VBP) have been established. Despite general successes in terms of credit outreach, certain population groups, particularly the poorest, which are often identical to ethnic minorities, seem to have been bypassed by both banks. Furthermore, the strategy pursued by national rural financial policy has focused mainly on credit...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92327

Indexing participation in the market economy through factor analysis: Implications for food security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Makhura,   Moraka T.; Goode,   M.F.; Coetzee,   Gerhard K.
The paper aims to determine patterns used by emerging farmers to participate in the market economy. The eight components of participation (six crop sales, livestock sales and off-farm earnings) were subjected to factor analysis. The results indicate that there are five sources of market participation; viz. sales of staples, cash crops, snacks, livestock and off-farm earnings. That is, participation in the market through one of the sources may or may not be preconditioned by another source. Implications for food security are that commercialisation of both maize and beans should be promoted to ensure starch and protein intake respectively, while cotton and vegetables will provide income and employment, livestock as a food risk management base, and off-farm...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54446

Food Security Assessment: Why Countries Are at Risk
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shapouri,   Shahla; Rosen,   Stacey L.
Food insecurity in many low-income, developing countries is projected to intensify unless steps are taken to reverse the performance trend of key contributing factors: agricultural productivity, foreign exchange earnings, and population growth. For the poorest countries, an increase in agricultural productivity is the key to improving food security. In these countries, imports play a small role in the domestic food supply because of limited foreign exchange availability. This study evaluates availability and distribution of food and analyzes their trends through 2008 by projecting food gaps to maintain per capita consumption, meet nutritional needs, and fulfill requirements stemming from unequal food distribution.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Developing countries; Productivity; Foreign exchange availability; Import capacity; Income distribution; Population growth; Nutritional requirements; Per capita consumption; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33614

Causes of Household Food Insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kidane,   Habtom; Alemu,   Zerihun Gudeta; Kundhlande,   Godfrey.
The main objective of the study is to examine the determinants of households’ food security using a logistic regression procedure. Initially the model was fitted with eleven factors of which six were found to be significant and all had the expected signs. These include farm land size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result obtained was further analyzed to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational level of household heads give relatively higher changes in the probably of food security. On the other hand, simulations...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9540

CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS AND THEIR IMPACT ON CHILD WORK AND SCHOOLING: EVIDENCE FROM THE PROGRESA PROGRAM IN MEXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Parker,   Susan W.
The worsening degradation of natural resources urgently requires the adoption of more sustainable management practices. This need has led to growing interest and investment in monitoring systems for tracking the condition of natural resources. Although grounded in concepts of sustainability, the application of monitoring systems has progressed little beyond the identification and measurement of large numbers of potentially interesting indicators. Most monitoring activities are also passive and do not lead to the changes needed to rectify the problems they identify. Too often monitoring becomes an end in itself and an expensive claim on public funds. This study is concerned with the design of monitoring systems that have direct relevance for the management...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16472

Globalization, Growth and Distribution: Framing The Questions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
In the last two decades, across a range of countries high growth rates have reduced poverty but have been accompanied by rising inequality. This paper is motivated by this stylized fact, and by the strong distributional concerns that persist among populations and policy makers alike, despite the poverty reduction observed in official statistics where growth has been sufficiently high. This seeming disconnect frames the questions posed in this paper. Why the disconnect, and what to do about it? It is argued that official poverty statistics may be missing key elements of the ground level reality of distributional evolution, of which rising inequality may be an indirect indicator. Heterogeneity of population means that there may be significant numbers of poor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51105

THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE'S RESEARCH PROGRAM ON RURAL FINANCE POLICIES FOR FOOD SECURITY FOR THE POOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alwang,   Jeffrey Roger; Puhazhendhi,   V.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16582

A Global Model for Agriculture and Bioenergy: Application to Biofuel and Food Security in Peru and Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elbehri,   Aziz; McDougall,   Robert; Horridge,   Mark.
This paper describes a global model for agriculture and bioenergy (GLOMAB) that incorporates biomass, biofuels and bioelectricity sectors into the GTAP-Energy model by expanding the global GTAP database, production and consumption structures. Biofuels are separated between first- generation (sugar ethanol, starch ethanol) and second- generation (cellulosic ethanol) biofuels and associated biomass feedstocks (maize, sugar cane, crop residues, woody biomass). Beside biofuels, the model also incorporates bioelectricity (as separate form conventional electricity) which competes for the same biomass feedstocks with cellulosic ethanol sector (agricultural residues, woody biomass). With this broad-based representation of the bioenergy system likely to prevail...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Renewable Energy; Biomass; Agricultural Markets; Computable General Equilibrium (CGE); Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C68; Q18; Q42; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51914

Health Insurance and Joint Off‐Farm Labor Allocation Decisions of Farm Families
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Antoni,   Jeremy M.; Mishra,   Ashok K.
Contact author to request a copy of this paper.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Health insurance coverage; Endogeneity; Copula; Off-farm labor supply; Dependence; Bivariate tobit; Coupled farm programs payments; Decoupled farm program payments; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; C34; I13; J12; J22; J38; J43; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119646

Where to From Here?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Michael J.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124453

Competitiveness and revealed comparative advantage in the SADC maize industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mutambatsere,   Emelly.
This paper evaluates the production and trade trends for maize and maize products in southern Africa, individual countries’ revealed comparative advantages in producing these products, and the expected implications of freer trade in this sector. The analysis employs mainly annual bilateral trade data for the period 1996-2004, evaluated using comprehensive descriptive measures and the Revealed Comparative Advantage index. Results indicate that at least half of the countries in the SADC region are deficit producers of maize and maize products, and that only South Africa is a net exporter of all products considered. Substantial cross-hauling is observed, and the bulk of locally produced products are traded regionally, with over 90% regional bias for half of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51996

Do Food Prices Affect Food Security? Evidence from the CPS 2002-2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gregory,   Christian A.; Coleman-Jensen,   Alisha.
In this paper, we estimate the effect of food prices on food insecurity for SNAP recipients using data from the Current Population Survey and the recently published Quarterly Food At Home Price Database. We form a local food price index based on amounts of food for a household of four as established by the Thrifty Food Plan. We use an econometric model that accounts for the endogeneity of SNAP receipt to food insecurity and for household-level unobservables. We find that the average effect of food prices on the probability of food insecurity is positive and significant: an increase of one standard deviation in the price of our food basket is associated with an increase in food insecurity of between 1.3 and 2  percentage points for SNAP households. These...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food price; Food insecurity; SNAP; Discrete factor model; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; I38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103265

The effect of childhood obesity on social welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szucs,   Robert Sandor; Csapo,   Zsolt.
The young generation is the most influenced and vulnerable segment of the market. Food with high level of fat, sugar and/or salt are popularised for this segment. At the same time nearly 7 people die of obesity or from complications of obesity in Hungary each hour - one every 9 minutes. Approximately 119 million Americans, or 64.5 percent, of adult Americans are either overweight or obese. 17.5 million obese young persons live in the European Union. The result is the drastic elevation of the hygienic expenses. The average health care cost of overweight persons is higher by 42% than normal bodyweight ones. Per capita spending on fast foods is unbelievable and rising. The value of average spending was 2.5 € in 2002. Fast food sales continue to boom despite...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fast food; Childhood obesity; Cost; Youth; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109404

A Profile of the Limpopo Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia; Ramathoka,   Mabu; Masekoameng,   Abel.
The Limpopo agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 2.7% of the Limpopo value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 1.1% of the population in Limpopo is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is being dominated by the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size and Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58059

THE LONG RUN OUTLOOK FOR WORLD FOOD PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Lee R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14104

THE GROWING ELDERLY CROWD AND THEIR FOOD HABITS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kinsey,   Jean D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14069

Wildlife Conservation in Zambia: Impacts on Rural Household Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez,   Ana; Richardson,   Robert B.; Tschirley,   David L.; Tembo,   Gelson.
FOOD SECURITY RESEARCH PROJECT,  LUSAKA, ZAMBIA
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Tourism; Conservation; Household income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Q18; Q26; Q27; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55053

Economics of Groundwater Irrigation in Nepal:  Some Farm-Level Evidences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhandari,   Humnath; Pandey,   Sushil.
This article examines the economics of groundwater irrigation and shallow tubewell (STW) ownership decision making, using farm-level data collected from 324 households in Nepal.  STW irrigation generated a significant positive effect on rice yield and farmers’ incomes.  Based on a probit model, the farm size, land fragmentation, access to electricity, and access to credit were found to significantly influence farmers’ decisions to own STWs.  Although the water market benefited poor farmers, it is too small and monopolistic.  Policy reforms needed to make groundwater accessible to the poor majority include effective credit programs, investments in rural electrification, and public sector support for promoting suitable pumping technologies
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Groundwater irrigation; Probit model; Shallow tubewell; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; C25; O33.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43759

Changes in Rural Household Income Patterns in Mozambique, 1996-2002, and Implications for Agriculture’s Contribution to Poverty Reduction.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Mather,   David; Tschirley,   David L.; Walker,   Thomas S.; Cunguara,   Benedito; Payongayong,   Ellen M.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household; Income; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56066

THE COST OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION TRANSFER PROGRAMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THREE PROGRAMS IN LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caldes,   Natalia; Coady,   David P.; Maluccio,   John A.
A common criticism of antipoverty programs is that the high share of administrative (nontransfer) costs substantially reduces their effectiveness in alleviating poverty. Yet there is surprisingly little hard empirical evidence on such programs' costs. A recent international review of targeted poverty alleviation programs in less developed countries found cost information--which was rarely comparable between studies--for fewer than one-third of the programs examined. Improved information and a better understanding of the costs of such programs are crucial for effective policymaking. This study proposes and implements a methodology for a comparative analysis of the level and structure of costs of three similar poverty alleviation programs in Latin America,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16419

DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY IN U.S. CONSUMER RESPONSIVENESS TO CARBONATED SOFT-DRINK MARKETING PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rhodes,   Charles.
Using three years of Nielson Homescan and advertising data from 16 major metropolitan areas across the U.S. to construct a panel data set that follows weekly consumer purchasing behavior, this paper investigates the impact of marketing activities on a representative cross-section of U.S. consumers. Because many consumers do not participate in the market week-in and week-out, I apply Heckman’s econometric selection model to recover the impact of pricing, advertising, and promotion on a wide range of consumer segments. Reduced-form estimates of consumer responsiveness to these marketing activities reveal different effects across consumer segments, which have numerous implications for marketing policy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbonated soft drink; Marketing-mix models; Demographic segmentation; Econometric selection models; Nielsen panel data; Food marketing policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; L66; M38.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116419

Can Subjective Measures for Rapid Assessment of Rural Poverty and Inequality be Useful in Botswana?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moepeng,   Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Although middle income countries such as Botswana are credited with reliable data that are used in poverty measures, it is sometimes argued that the time lags between data generations or surveys are too wide. The Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) in Botswana takes place every 10 years.  The major constraints are capacity and budget considerations. In this article, we propose two subjective measures that have been successfully used elsewhere for adaptation in Botswana. We use data from Nshakazhogwe village case study to test whether these alternative measures of poverty and deprivation are correlated with objective measures of economic deprivation. The Pearson Chi-square tests of independence are applied to examine the independence and the...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Rural Poverty; Chi square test; Heads of Household; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123547

The Determinants of Household Income and Consumption in Rural Nampula Province: Implications for Food Security and Agricultural Policy Reform
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household income; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55994

Promouvoir les échanges commerciaux pour réduire la pauvreté : les accords de l’ OMC et l’agriculture en Afrique de l’ Ouest. Un rapport de l’ Accord de Coopération no. II sur la sécurité alimentaire
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nouve,   Kofi; Staatz,   John M.; Schweikhardt,   David B.; Yade,   Mbaye.
Ce rapport est une vue d’ensemble sommaire des accords commerciaux de l’ OMC et de leurs implications pour les pays de l’ Afrique de l’ Ouest (ainsi que le Tchad). L’étude décrit les positions adoptées par les pays de l’ Afrique de l’ Ouest sur divers enjeux des négociations commerciales de l’ OMC, tout en comparant ces positions avec celles exprimées par les grands partenaires commerciaux, notamment l’ Union Européenne, le Japon, les U.S.A. et le reste de l’ Afrique Subsaharienne.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: World Trade Organization; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 7; F0.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54574

Livestock Policies for Poverty Alleviation: Theory and Practical Evidence from Africa, Asia and Latin America
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pica-Ciamarra,   Ugo.
Increasing population, income growth and urbanization in developing countries are boosting the demand for food of animal origin. This trend, which has been dubbed the ‘'Livestock Revolution'’, provides significant opportunities for poverty reduction, an estimated 42 percent of the poor worldwide being dependent on livestock as part of their livelihood. This paper presents a framework for pro-poor livestock policy analysis and investigates whether policy makers in eighteen developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America are tapping into the pro-poor opportunities offered by livestock sector development. The paper argues that, given a functional macroeconomic and institutional framework, livestock policies would be pro-poor if they included: (i)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23772

WORLD FOOD PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mosher,   A.T.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1967
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17572

A COMPARATIVE THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM AS OPPOSED TO CASH TRANSFERS ON THE DEMAND FOR FOOD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Phillips,   Kathryn S.; Price,   David W.
Comparative analysis of food demand expansion of a cash program, as compared to the food stamp program, is important for measuring trade-offs between goals of raising farm income and increasing food expenditures of the poor.  A theoretical basis for assessing food demand impacts under each program is presented.  Two effects are analyzed: 1) The effect on food demand of the individual household and 2) The effect of food demand at the aggregate level.  Both indifference curve analysis and psychological need level theory are used.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32419

Rapid Reconnaissance of Coarse Grain Production and Marketing in the CMDT zone of southern Mali: field work report of the IER-CSA-PROMISAM team December 13-19, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
This report presents principal findings of a rapid reconnaissance undertaken in December, 2009 as preparation for more detailed marketing studies to be undertaken in the context of PROMISAM II’s applied research program on promoting food security in Mali. The objective of the reconnaissance was to explore changes in cereal production and marketing patterns as an input to the design of a forthcoming study of changes in the structure, conduct and performance of the coarse grain sector in Mali. To facilitate discussions with farmers and traders an interview guide was prepared. The first section of this report synthesizes the principal findings, while the annex presents detailed field notes from the study together with the interview guide.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; MALI; Food policy; Grain; Production; Marketing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q12; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62226

Transmission des fluctuations et calcul des prix de parité à l’importation/exportation dans la sous-région. Approche méthodologique
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Parity price; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57250

Water Quality Trading in the Presence of Discrete Abatement Costs: An Experimental Analysis of Contract Length and the Timing of Investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Luke; Vossler,   Christian A.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61810

CHILD GROWTH, SHOCKS, AND FOOD AID IN RURAL ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamano,   Takashi; Alderman,   Harold; Christiaensen,   Luc J.M.
Over the past decades child stunting in Ethiopia has persisted at alarming rates.  While the country experienced several droughts during this period, it also received enormous amounts of food aid, leading some to question the effectiveness of food aid in reducing child malnutrition.  Using nationally representative household surveys from 1995-96 and controlling for program placement, we find that children between 6 and 24 months experienced about 0.9 cm less growth over a six-month period in communities where half the crop area was damaged compared to those without crop damage.  Food aid was also found to have a substantial effect on growth of children in this age group.  Moreover, on average the total amount of food aid appeared to be sufficient to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25838

FOOD SECURITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: EVIDENCE FROM THE "UNION ECONOMIQUE ET MONÉTAIRE OUEST-AFRICAINE (UEMOA)"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koffi-Tessio,   Egnonto M.
In Sub-Saharan Africa food security will remain a major issue as cereals production is decreasing and their import prices are increasing. If food security involves food availability, accessibility, stability and the utilization of food in a nutritious manner by households, it is important to examine food production stability and consumption diversification as important determinants of food security. This paper examines these relationships in the UEMOA countries. The results indicate relatively stable food productions and weak consumption diversification. As a result the food security levels in the union are overall moderate or low. Thus agricultural policies should focus on existing and potential opportunities that enhance food production and consumption...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54879

A Simplified Method for Assessing Dietary Adequacy in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rose,   Donald; Tschirley,   David L.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food consumption; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56034

Outlook for Fish to 2020: A Win-Win-Win for Oceans, Fisheries and the Poor?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Mahfuzuddin.
The world has observed an unprecedented rise in production, consumption and trade of fish during last three decades. Developing countries as a whole supply nearly 75% of the fish, and represent 50% of the value of global fish trade. At a time when receipts from traditional agricultural exports have been declining, export earnings from fish seem to be paying the food imports bills in many low-income food-deficient countries. While these trends are likely to continue to 2020, questions are being raised about the integrity of world’s oceans and fisheries, and the true role of fisheries in eliminating poverty and improving nutritional security of the poor. This paper reviews the changing structure of fish supply, demand and trade, and investigates the impact...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124077

QUE NOS PUEDEN DECIR LOS MAPAS DE POBREZA PARA LA PROGRAMACION DE LA ASISTENCIA EN ALIMENTOS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16492

POVERTY IMPACTS OF MULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.; Preckel,   Paul V.; Cranfield,   John A.L.; Ivanic,   Maros.
Poverty reduction is an increasingly important consideration in the deliberations over multilateral trade liberalization. However, the analytical procedures used to assess the impacts of multilateral trade liberalization on poverty are rudimentary, at best. Most poverty studies have focused on a single country using detailed household survey data. When it comes to multi-country, global trade liberalization analyses, researchers are forced to resort to a discussion of average, or per capita effects, suggesting that if per capita real income rises, then poverty will fall. As we show in this paper, such an inference can be misleading. Our paper combines results from a newly available international, cross-section consumption analysis for 1996, with earnings...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28697

Reflection on All Africa Conference on Assuring Food and Nutrition Security in Africa by 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otim,   John Joseph.
The momentum generated by the Kampala 2020 All Africa Conference output together with the follow up activities have had positive impact on many African governments, regional institutions and internationally. Among its many positive outcomes, the Conference has served to put the issues of food and nutrition security squarely on the African development Agenda by underscoring its critical role in healthy lives, in particular the management of HIV/AIDS. It also recognized that food and nutrition security is inextricably linked not just to traditional agriculture but also development in education, natural resources management, infrastructures, market information systems, micro and macro-economic conditions and trade. Of significant importance is the accelerated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9531

REBUILDING AFTER WAR: MICRO-LEVEL DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY REDUCTION IN MOZAMBIQUE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.; Mukherjee,   Sanjukta; Dava,   Gabriel; Datt,   Gaurav.
This report-part of an extensive body of work IFPRI undertook on the state of poverty in Mozambique at the end of a long period of war-zeroes in on the question of what determines living standards and poverty in Mozambique. It aims to identify those public policy interventions that are likely to reduce poverty the most. The authors examine household and community characteristics linked to poverty and develop a microeconometric model to measure the influence of education, employment, demographics, agricultural technology, and infrastructure on consumption. Although the results of this research are directed to policymakers in Mozambique, those concerned with other low-income countries will find the analytical methods and findings useful, especially the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16524

FOOD AID FOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdulai,   Awudu; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Food aid remains significant for food availability in many low-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa, helping to reduce the gap between food consumption needs and supply from domestic production and inventories and commercial imports. Food aid remains a contentious subject, however, and there have been many recent pleas for more effective use of the resource. This study explores how food aid might be used for domestic food market development to facilitate poverty alleviation and economic growth. There are obvious risks to using food aid for market development, just as there have been in using food aid to try to stimulate agricultural development. Because food aid necessarily expands local food supply, it needs to be well targeted if adverse producer price...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16170

The Livestock Revolution: A Pathway out of Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vercoe,   John E.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124023

Aid and Australian Aid Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattacharya,   Debesh.
Few issues of economic development arouse such deep emotions or controversies as the role of the foreign sector. Most orthodox economists believe that foreign aid, investment, technology and transnational corporations (TNC) are important contributory factors to economic development. On the other hand, the neo-Marxist paradigm suggests that the present system revolving around the foreign sector represents the continuation of domination over the developing by developed countries. Foreign aid, investment, technology and TNC are regarded as tools of neo-imperialism, the devices by which developed countries continue to retain control over the economies of the ex -colonies. The role of foreign aid in economic development is also criticised by some extreme right...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12284

What Kind of Agricultural Strategies Lead to Broad-Based Growth: Implications For Country-Led Agricultural Investment Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Boughton,   Duncan.
Without renewed attention to sustained agricultural productivity growth, most small farms in developing countries will become increasingly unviable economic and social units. Sustained agricultural productivity growth and poverty reduction will require progress on a number of fronts, most importantly increased public goods investments to agriculture; a policy environment that supports private investment in input, output, and financial markets and provision of key support services; a more level global trade policy environment; supportive donor programs; and improved governance. Subsidies, if they are focused, appropriately conceived, effectively implemented, and temporary, can play a complementary role but should not – based on both the Asian and African...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural strategies; Investment programs; Feed The Future; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107459

POVERTY IN THE WEST: CHANGING FORTUNES FROM 1990-2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crandall,   Mindy S.; Weber,   Bruce A.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27993

The Impacts of Wildlife Conservation Policies on Rural Household Welfare in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez,   Ana; Richardson,   Robert B.; Tschirley,   David L.; Tembo,   Gelson.
KEY POLICY POINTS • Tourism is increasingly important in Zambia as a vehicle for economic growth, and has been identified as a key sector for poverty reduction due to its potential to generate off-farm income and employment in rural areas. Growth in arrivals and receipts in Zambia has outpaced average growth rates for developing countries. • Tourism in Zambia relies mostly on the stock of natural resources, including the protected area system which includes national parks and game management areas (GMAs). Co-management agreements between Zambia Wildlife Authority (ZAWA) and rural communities present opportunities and threats for households living in GMAs. • Households living in GMAs have lower average income than households in other rural areas. Yet we...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wildlife conservation; Rural households; Zambia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53453

The Food Problem and the Evolution of International Income Levels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gollin,   Douglas; Parente,   Stephen L.; Rogerson,   Richard.
This paper examines the effect of agricultural development on a country’s overall development and growth experience. In most poor countries, large fractions of land, labor, and other productive resources are devoted to producing food for subsistence needs. This “food problem” can delay a country’s industrial development for a long period of time, causing its per capita income to fall far behind the world leader. Once industrialization begins, this trend is reversed. The extent to which a country catches up to the leader depends primarily on factors that affect productivity in non-agricultural activities: agricultural productivity is thus largely irrelevant in the very long run. But in the short run, a country that experiences large improvements in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic growth; Subsistence; Food problem; Agricultural technology; Long-run growth; Food Security and Poverty; E130; O400; O410; Q100.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28416

Symptoms of poverty within a group of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal: Analysis and policy recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shinns,   L.H.; Lyne,   Michael C.
This study identifies different dimensions of poverty affecting the current and future well-being of households within a community of land reform beneficiaries in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal. A census survey of the beneficiary households was conducted in May 2002 to gather data on poverty indicators. Principal Component Analysis was used to construct an index of the standard of housing, which was then combined with variables measuring other symptoms of poverty (income, wealth and health) in a Cluster Analysis of the households. The analysis revealed five clusters representing four distinct groups of poverty; households relatively income and asset rich, households relatively income rich but asset poor, households relatively asset rich but income poor and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9476

What Can We Learn from Best Practices Regarding Food Chain Transparency?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molnar,   Adrienn; Van Lembergen,   Katrien; Gellynck,   Xavier; Sebok,   Andras; Berczeli,   Attila.
This paper reports on food chain transparency. The research specifically aims to investigate best practices. Therefore, inductive research was conducted, starting with the identification of best practices. Further, underlying patterns were investigated to derive hypotheses and to develop a theoretical framework. These were confronted with literature findings which resulted in the validation of the hypotheses and the theoretical framework. Overall it can be concluded that several types of food chain transparency exist, whereas the different types represent a hierarchy of transparency domains, and that the basis mainly applies to information quality. In addition, it is shown that performance indicators measure directly or indirectly the success of...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Inductive research; Best practices; Transparency; Food chain; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122030

The Controversy of Exchange Rate Devaluation in Sudan: An Economy-wide General Equilibrium Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   Khalid H.A.
The international Monitory Fund (IMF) has been working with Sudan since 1997 to implement macroeconomic reforms including a managed float of the exchange rate (EXR). The IMF sees the EXR flexibility as key to safeguard and rebuild foreign exchange reserves and essential to meet the international reserve target in Sudan. However, the authorities in Sudan are concerned that greater exchange rate flexibility could contribute to inflationary pressures. In addition, a review of literature focusing on the exchange rate policies in Sudan reflects huge ambiguity about its outcome.  This calls for additional empirical investigations that provide economy wide assessments of the various possible scenarios that could be adopted in the Sudanese context. Accordingly,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Devaluation; Sudan; CGE analysis; Inflation; Sudanese pound; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; A1; C6; C8; D1D5; D6E6; F1H3.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112971

Canadian Consumer Concerns About Food Safety Issues and Confidence in Food Products: Comparison of Beef and Pork
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muringai,   Violet; Goddard,   Ellen W.
In examining consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for food attributes, one approach is to use economic experiments, sometimes associated with consumers sensory testing. In this particular research project different types of pork chops are examined to identify consumer WTP for pork chop credence attributes such as traditionally raised, Canadian Pork labelled or identified as coming from a farm with on farm food safety accreditation (CQA). However, the results of the research are only useful for the national industry if the participants’ values can be extrapolated to the Canadian population. The participants in the research completed a survey that was similar in many respects to a national on-line survey completed in Canada two months earlier. Comparing the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61878

POVERTY MAPPING WITH AGGREGATE CENSUS DATA: WHAT IS THE LOSS IN PRECISION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Baulch,   Bob.
Spatially disaggregated maps of the incidence of poverty can be constructed by combining household survey data and census data. In some cases, however, statistical authorities are reluctant, for reasons of confidentiality, to release household-level census data. This paper examines the loss in precision associated with using aggregated census data, such as village- or district-level means of the data. We show analytically that using aggregated census data will result in poverty rates that are biased downward (upward) if the rate is below (above) 50 percent and that the bias approaches zero as the poverty rate approaches zero, 50 percent, and 100 percent. Using data from Vietnam, we find that the average absolute error in estimating provincial poverty rates...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16219

Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers in Latin America: The Case of Bolivia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krakowski,   Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26106

Demand Versus Supply of Foodgrains in India: Implications to Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goyal,   S.K.; Singh,   J.P.
The present paper addresses the issues namely (i) the present food supply and the trend for future, (ii) shift in food consumption pattern over years and (iii) food demand projection for the next three decades in the context of food security. The analysis reveals that increase in cereal production (mainly rice and wheat) but decline in the percentage share of coarse grains and pulses in total foodgrains production is witnessed since 1960s. India’s total foodgrain production has increased at an annual growth rate of 2.68 per cent since 1960-61. The increase in foodgrain production is mainly due to increase in yield (growth rate being 2.44 per cent as against growth rate of area being 0.17 per cent per annum during 1960-61 to 1998-99). To project the future...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6948

COMPETITION VS. QUALITY IN AN INDUSTRY WITH IMPERFECT TRACEABILITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rouviere,   Elodie; Soubeyran,   Raphael.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Entry; Externality; Minimum Quality Standard; Quality; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; L15; L5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116407

Global Water and Food Security: Emerging Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Cline,   Sarah A.; Valmonte-Santos,   Rowena A.
Feeding the world’s population is an ongoing challenge that incorporates issues such as economic growth and equity, sustainable natural resource management, agricultural research and technology innovation, and effective institutions and governance. Many emerging factors will affect our ability to address this challenge into the future, as we respond to population growth, resource degradation and scarcity, climate change and so on. To a large extent, agricultural production growth will depend on irrigation, but the future of irrigation water supplies is increasingly constrained by competition for water from other sectors. Declining water quality, falling groundwater tables, and growing environmental demands for water are further constraints, and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124464

Micro and Small Enterprises in Central and Northern Mozambique: Results of a 1996 Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56023

Can Information Costs Affect Consumer Choice?—Nutritional Labels in a Supermarket Experiment—
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiesel,   Kristin; Villas-Boas,   Sofia Berto.
This paper investigates whether information costs under currently regulated nutritional labeling prevent consumers from making healthier food choices. We implement five nutritional shelf label treatments in a market-level experiment. These labels reduce information costs by highlighting and summarizing information available on the Nutritional Facts Panel. Following a difference-in-differences and synthetic control method approach, we analyze weekly store-level scanner data for microwave popcorn purchases from treatment and control stores. Our results suggest that consumer purchases are affected by information costs. Implemented low calorie and no trans fat labels increase sales. In contrast, implemented low fat labels decrease sales, suggesting that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutritional labeling; Information cost; Scanner data; Market-level experiment; Difference-in-differences; Synthetic control method; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C93; D01; D18; D83; L51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116433

Food Insecurity in Households With Children Increased in 2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coleman-Jensen,   Alisha; Nord,   Mark.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122153

Trade in Food Staples: Promoting Price Stability and Food Security through Intra-Regional Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Published by Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Trade; Africa; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54504

A MINŐSÉGMENEDZSMENT A HAZAI BAROMFI-FELDOLGOZÁSBAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mikaczo,   Andrea.
A vizsgálatok alapján megállapítható, hogy a magyar baromfi-feldolgozó iparág megfelelően teljesíti mind a hazai, mind az EU-s előírásokat, követelményeket. Az élelmiszerbiztonsági előírásoknak való megfelelés valamennyi érintett vállalkozásban elsődleges szempont. A magas minőségi színvonal elérésére és teljesítésére irányuló további módszereket, mint pl. az integrált menedzsment irányítási rendszereket is alkalmazzák a vállalkozások, de az ezekre való törekvést nem a vállalat belső igénye, hanem a piac indukálja. Remélhetőleg a jövőben egyre több élelmiszeripari vállalkozás ismeri fel az ISO 22000 szabvány alkalmazásának előnyeit, ami ötvözi a HACCP és az ISO 9001 alkalmazását, és kifejezetten az élelmiszeripari termelésre specializált szabványként...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Élelmiszerbiztonság; Minőség; Menedzsment; Irányítási rendszer; Food security; Quality; Management; Control system; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57665

Cairo Evaluation Clinic: Thoughts on Randomized Trials for Evaluation of Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karlan,   Dean S.
We were asked to discuss specific methodological approaches to evaluating three hypothetical interventions. This article uses this forum to discuss three misperceptions about randomized trials.  First, nobody argues that randomized trials are appropriate in all settings, and for all questions.  Everyone agrees that asking the right question is the highest priority.  Second, the decision about what to measure and how to measure it, i.e., through qualitative or participatory methods versus quantitative survey or administrative data methods, is independent of the decision about whether to conduct a randomized trial.  Third, randomized trials can be used to evaluate complex and dynamic processes, not just simple and static interventions.  Evaluators should aim...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Program evaluation; Randomized control trial; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; B41; O12; H43; J08; H54; D73; D12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51913

Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers in Lateinamerika: Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krakowski,   Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26113

Insights from the Guatemalan food system: an application of exploratory spatial data analysis techniques for food security analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Zeller,   Manfred.
The achievement of food security for all remains one of the main development objectives worldwide. Most commonly, non-spatial models are developed for either explaining the underlying determinants of food insecurity and undernourishment or for predicting their changes, so as for identifying vulnerable groups for targeting support. Such approach ignores geographic determinants and the spatial dependency of food security and nutrition outcomes. This paper seeks to address this issue. We use nationally representative data from Guatemala, which faces high and rising rates of undernourishment and child stunting in spite of the efforts engaged on their reduction. Through exploratory spatial data analysis and overlay techniques, some elements embedded in the food...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food-system; Spatial; Guatemala; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51488

DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE: 1996-97
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Simler,   Kenneth R.; Mukherjee,   Sanjukta; Dava,   Gabriel.
This report presents an analysis of the structural determinants of living standards and poverty in Mozambique, which is based on nationally-representative data from the first national household living standards survey since the end of the civil war: the Mozambique Inquérito Nacional aos Agregados Familiares Sobre As Condições de Vida (MIAF), or National Household Survey on Living Conditions. Poverty in Mozambique is predominantly a rural phenomenon and is pervasive, with over two-thirds of the population falling below the poverty line. The degree of regional variation of poverty within the country is striking. Poverty levels are highest in Sofala, Tete, and Inhambane Provinces, where over 80 percent of the population lives below the poverty line, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16427

Investment analysis of plum brandy production – methodology approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hadelan,   Lari.
The major prerequisite of successful entrepreneurship venture is quality of decision-making process. Decision in investment is the most important financial decision. It is a part of both long-term business planning process and strategic business definition. Using available investment appraisal methods, entrepreneur should make positive or negative investment decision. Within the development of the economic theory and the practice many of methods made decision-making process rational and gave the scientific and practical base for successful project evaluation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48344

The Establishment of an Organic Farmers’ Market as a Training Case Study and Research for Graduate Students of Organic Agriculture at the University of Palermo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schifani,   Giorgio; Inglese,   Paolo; Noto,   Francesca; Migliore,   Giuseppina.
Despite the modest regional consumption of organic products, Sicily is one of the most important European regions in surface area per number of companies active in organic farming. The University of Palermo, as early as 2000, to promote the development and success in this industry, the Faculty of Agriculture, introduced two major degree programs in "Organic Farming". The objective of these courses is to train graduates who are technically capable of supporting the organic farmers market, to promote and facilitate the expansion of the consumption of organic products, and to create employment opportunities for young graduates. At the end of 2009, in the area of these activities, a training and research program involved numerous students in the creation of an...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Critical consumption; Solidarity Purchase Groups; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121949

Conclusions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peacock,   Jim.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123937

Facing Alternative Futures: Prospects for and Paths to Food Security in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Cline,   Sarah A.; Li,   Weibo; Sulser,   Timothy B.; Valmonte-Santos,   Rowena A.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45762

An Empirical Analysis of County-Level Determinants of Small Business Growth Poverty in Appalachia: A Spatial Simultaneous-Equations Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebremariam,   Gebremeskel H.; Gebremedhin,   Tesfa G.; Schaeffer,   Peter V.
In this paper we develop an autoregressive spatial simultaneous equations model to investigate the county-level determinants of small business growth and median household income in Appalachia during the period 1990-2000. Our GS2SLS and GS3SLS estimation results indicate significant spatial spillover effects and conditional convergence in counties of Appalachia during the study period.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35465

Climate variability, climate change and agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quiggin,   John C.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97266

Food and Nutritional Security in Bangladesh: Going beyond Carbohydrate Counts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bose,   Manik Lal; Dey,   Madan Mohan.
The progress towards achieving household nutritional food-security in Bangladesh has remained slow. So far the food security is cereal-based (mainly rice) and food basket has not yet diversified towards high nutritive/ quality food. This article has examined the expenditure inequalities in the dietary pattern and incidence of poverty in Bangladesh by using household income, expenditure and food consumption survey data. Results have shown wide-spread inequalities in income and expenditure distribution. Among food items, the inequalities have been found very low for cereals and high for livestock and horticulture commodities and various types of fish species in both rural and urban areas. The analysis of food poverty, its depth and severity has revealed a...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47329

Constraints to the Development of Commodity Exchanges in Africa:  A Case Study of ZAMACE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The development of agricultural commodity exchanges in Africa has become an increasingly popular strategy for addressing some of the ills plaguing African food  markets, including poorly developed risk management systems, high transaction costs, and limited price discovery. However, despite substantial support from donors and, in some cases, national governments, commodity exchanges in most African countries are having difficulties getting off the ground. While previous studies (Rashid, Winter-Nelson, and Garcia 2010) highlight the fact that low trade volumes passing through African commodity exchanges limit their development, the question of why exchanges are thinly traded remains poorly understood. Using the Zambian Agricultural Commodity Exchange...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Commodity exchange; ZAMACE; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107461

CAN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE MARGINAL LANDS CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVING FOOD SECURITY IN THE SAHELIAN AFRICAN COUNTRIES: AN EVIDENCE FROM THE BAS-FOND RICE PRODUCTION IN MALI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dimithe,   Georges; Bernsten,   Richard H.; Staatz,   John M.; Sanogo,   Ousmane; Coulibaly,   B.S.; Simpara,   M.
To improve national food security, successive Mali governments have always focused on expanding and intensifying production in the government-managed irrigation schemes (Office du Niger), which account for about 50% of domestic rice production.  Because the cost of expanding and  rehabilitating those schemes is high, the government is looking for complementary cost-effective ways to achieve this goal.  The government could increase domestic rice supply by investing in improving the farmer-managed inland valley swamps.  Although the government has paid little attention to those marginal lands, farmers have been growing rice in these areas using traditional technologies.  This paper used data from a survey of 334 bas-fond farmers and secondary data to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11669

A Hedonic Metric Approach to Estimating the Demand for Differentiated Products: An Application to Retail Milk Demand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gulseven,   Osman; Wohlgenant,   Michael K.
This article introduces the Hedonic Metric (HM) approach as an original method to model the demand for differentiated products. Using this approach, initially we create an n-dimensional hedonic space based on the characteristic information available to consumers. Next, we allocate products into this space and estimate the elasticities using distances. What distinguishes our model from traditional demand models such as Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and Rotterdam Model is the way we link elasticities with product characteristics. Moreover, our model significantly reduces the number of parameters to be estimated, thereby making it possible to estimate large number of differentiated products in a single demand system. We applied our model to estimate the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hedonic Metrics; Distance Metrics; Rotterdam Model; Almost Ideal Demand System; Differentiated Products; Milk Demand.; Food Security and Poverty; C30; C80; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91675

Adoption and impacts of zero tillage as a resource conserving technology in the irrigated plains of South Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Erenstein,   Olaf; Farooq,   Umar; Malik,   R.K.; Sharif,   Muhammad.
The recent stagnation of productivity growth in the irrigated areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia has led to a quest for resource-conserving technologies that can save water, reduce production costs and improve production. The present synthesis of two detailed country studies confirmed widespread adoption of zero tillage (ZT) wheat in the rice-wheat systems of India’s Haryana State (34.5% of surveyed households) and Pakistan’s Punjab province (19%). The combination of a significant “yield effect” and “cost-saving effect” makes adoption worthwhile and is the main driver behind the rapid spread and widespread acceptance of ZT in Haryana, India. In Punjab, Pakistan, adoption is driven by the significant ZT-induced cost savings for wheat...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Zero tillage; Rice; Wheat; Water conservation; India; Pakistan; Haryana; Punjab; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91816

The Allocation of Advertising and Research Dollars in the Florida Orange Juice Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Mark G.; Spreen,   Thomas H.
This study considers the allocation of Florida citrus‐grower money between advertising and research programs to maximize grower revenue net of program costs. The allocation depends on the impact of advertising on demand and the impacts of research on the cost of production and supply. A number of studies have estimated the impact of advertising on OJ demand, but little is known about the impact of research. Research on citrus greening, a disease that has no known cure, is examined in the present study. There are no past studies to reliably gauge the impact of this research. The approach taken here is to ask if a given amount of research dollars is needed to reduce average production costs by certain amount, then what should be spent on advertising based on...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Orange juice; Returns to research; Advertising; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91140

PRÓ-POBRE OU EMPOBRECEDOR: QUAL ACONTRIBUIÇÃO DO CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO PARA ALAGOAS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tejada,   Cesar Augusto Oviedo; Jacinto,   Paulo De Andrade; Bezerra,   Luciane De Araujo; Santos,   Anderson Moreira Aristides Dos.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre crescimento econômico e a pobreza para as microrregiões do estado de Alagoas, utilizando dados do Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano para os anos 1991 e 2000. Buscou-se analisar em que medida o crescimento econômico tem se revelado um instrumento relativamente eficaz de combate à pobreza do ponto de vista qualitativo, ou seja, se esse crescimento pode ser considerado pró-pobre. Para tanto, foi estimada a elasticidade da pobreza em relação ao crescimento econômico para as microrregiões alagoanas, que apresentou uma relação negativa entre a pobreza e crescimento econômico. Em seguida foi construída a curva “crescimento-pobreza” para as microrregiões de Alagoas. E os resultados indicam que na maioria...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crescimento pró-pobre; Pobreza; Alagoas; Pro-poor growth; Poverty; Alagoas; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108622

Privatisation and Poverty: The Distributional Impact of Utility Privatisation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bayliss,   Kate.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30663

COMPARATIVE PRODUCER COSTS OF GAP AND GHP STANDARDS: CAN THE PLAYING FIELD BE MADE LEVEL?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paggi,   Mechel S.; Yamazaki,   Fumiko; Ribera,   Luis A.; Knutson,   Ronald D.; Anciso,   Juan; Palma,   Marco A.; Noel,   Jay E.
A number of microbial contamination incidents have continued to raise questions regarding the safety of the U.S. food supply with calls for improved food safety control initiatives and standards by both the private and public sectors. As a reaction to these incidents, there have been increased efforts to enhance food safety by the government and industry groups. Increasingly, process standards are being specified that recommend or prescribe Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) standards for production, Good Handling Practices (GHP) standards for handling products, and Good Management Practices (GMP) for responsibilities in overseeing production and handling operations. A primary concern is the potential that the costs associated with implementing food safety...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Citrus; Fresh produce; And regulatory costs; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116406

The Livestock Revolution: A Pathway from Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Downer,   Alexander.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124005

Innovations in Insuring the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Innovations in Insuring the Poor: Overview, by Ruth Vargas Hilland Maximo Torero; Risk, Poverty, and Insurance, by Stefan Dercon; Microinsurance for Health and Agricultural Risks, by Richard Leftley; Sustainability and Scalability of Index-Based Insurance for Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods, by Ulrich Hess and Peter Hazell; Intelligent Design of Index Insurance for Smallholder Farmers and Pastoralists, by Michael R. Carter; Experience with Weather Index-based Insurance in India and Malawi, by Xavier Gine; Providing Weather Index and Indemnity Insurance in Ethiopia, by Eyob Meherette; Index-based Livestock Insurance in Mongolia, by Oliver Mahul, Nathan Belete, and Andrew Goodland; Health Insurance for the Rural Poor: Evidence from Cambodia, by David I....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Health risks; Welfare; Income growth; Poor households; Agricultural risks; Financial instruments; Social protection policies; Drought; Flood; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59689

Demand for Maize Hybrids, Seed Subsidies, and Seed Decisionmakers in Zambia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smale,   Melinda; Mason,   Nicole M.
The successful development and diffusion of improved maize seed in Zambia during the 1970s–80s was a major achievement of African agriculture but was predicated on a government commitment to parastatal grain and seed marketing, the provision of services to maize growers, and a pan-territorial pricing scheme that was fiscally unsustainable. Declining maize output when this system was dismantled contributed to the reinstatement in 2002 of subsidies for maize seed and fertilizer through the Fertilizer and Farmer Input Support Programs (FISP). In the meantime, seed liberalization has led to an array of new, improved maize varieties, most of which are hybrids. This analysis explores the determinants of demand for first-generation (F1) hybrid maize seed in...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Maize; Seed subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123555

What are the social impacts of land use restrictions on local communities? Empirical evidence from Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andam,   Kwaw S.; Ferraro,   Paul J.; Holland,   Margaret B.
Global efforts to reduce deforestation rely heavily on protected areas and land use restrictions.  The effect of these restrictions on local communities is currently the subject of heated debate among conservation and development experts.  Measuring the social impacts of protected areas is difficult because the effects cannot be isolated from other factors, given the nonrandom placement of protection.  We address this problem by applying a quasi-experimental approach to establish the counterfactual (“what would have been the socioeconomic outcome if a protected area had not been established?”).  We use matching methods to measure the impacts of pre-1980 protected areas in Costa Rica on socioeconomic outcomes in 2000.  In 2000, neighboring communities near...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Forest conservation; Social impacts; Quasi-experimental methods; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C14; O13; Q23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51783

Impact of Climate Change on Poverty in Laos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kyophilavong,   Phouphet; Takamatsu,   Shinya.
The climate change is global problems. It is predicted to have more severe impact on developing country which most of population are poor. The main impact of climate change on poverty is changing crop productivity and commodity prices. However, there are few studies on the relationship between climate change and poverty. Therefore, this study will use Laos which has a high share of agriculture sector on GDP and high poverty rates as a case study to assess the impact the climate change on national wide-economy and climate change using CGE model. The preliminary result shows that climate change has serious impact of Lao economy in term of declining GDP. On the other hand, the micro-simulation indicates that the impact on poverty was negligible. This is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103999

Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty: The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Grameen Bank; Rural poor; Bangladesh; Small business; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44445

A CHOICE-EXPERIMENT BASED ANALYSIS OF PROTECTION MOTIVATION THEORY: HEALTH RELATED BEHAVIOR OF CONSUMERS WITH CELIAC DISEASE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Jing; Steiner,   Bodo E.
The underlying components of protection motivation theory (PMT; Rogers 1983) are explored through choice experiment-based analysis within a random utility framework, to account for some of the motivational, cognitive, and affective processes that likely affect celiacs’ propensity to use a novel health-risk reducing product. Those four groups of variables that are aimed to capture threat appraisal and coping appraisal processes as part of the standard PMT (Rogers 1975, 1983; Floyd et al. 2000) are found to contribute significantly to explaining the adaptive response of celiacs. Self-assessed vulnerability and perceived product efficacy form a most significant part of respondents’ threat appraisal process. Standard socio-demographic and lifestyle...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Celiac disease; Protection motivation theory; Choice experiments; Confidence; Risk perceptions; Vulnerability; Efficacy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D03; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116454

POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND SPILLOVER IN MEXICO'S EDUCATION, HEALTH, AND NUTRITION PROGRAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Handa,   Sudhanshu; Huerta,   Mari-Carmen; Perez,   Raul; Straffon,   Beatriz.
This report provides an evaluation of the community-level effects of the Programa Nacional de Educacion, Salud, y Alimentacion (PROGRESA) using household-level data from various rounds of PROGRESA’s evaluation sample (the Encuesta de Evaluacion de los Hogares [ENCEL] surveys). These surveys, along with the Encuesta de CaracterRsticas Socioecon\micas de los Hogares (ENCASEH) 1997 survey, are a valuable source of information on household- and community-level characteristics before and after the implementation of the program. Other reports in the evaluation series have focused on the direct effects of PROGRESA, using the control and treatment groups in the ENCELS. The objective of this report is slightly different, in that it explores the possible spillover...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16437

"DEVELOPMENT BOX" AND SPECIAL AND DIFFERENTIAL TREATMENT FOR FOOD SECURITY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: POTENTIALS, LIMITATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Wobst,   Peter; Grote,   Ulrike.
At the Ministerial Conference in Doha, WTO member countries acknowledged the need to further correct the prevailing restrictions and distortions in agricultural world markets. The Ministerial Declaration of Doha reaffirms the commitment of creating a fair agricultural trading system that will recognize the special needs of developing countries and foster their full integration and participation in agricultural world trade. It has been widely discussed who the winners and losers of further trade liberalization may be, considering particular country groups such as the Cairns Group or the group of Net Food Importing Developing Countries. Although many developing countries may gain from both increased access to OECD markets and the elimination of own trade...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18759

The Effects of the Food Reserve Agency on Maize Market Prices in Zambia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.
Over the last decade, governments in eastern and southern Africa have become increasingly involved in grain marketing via strategic reserves and marketing boards. Kenya, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Zambia all have one or both of these entities, and their level of involvement in grain marketing has generally increased in recent years. Yet, to date, relatively little is known about how the resurgent activities of strategic grain reserves and marketing boards are affecting market prices. This paper estimates the effects of the Zambia Food Reserve Agency’s (FRA) activities on maize market prices in the country.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food Security; Maize; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120771

Peer Effects in Employment: Results from Mexico's Poor Rural Communities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Araujo,   Caridad; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Empirical evidence has shown that off-farm non-agricultural (OFNA) employment offers a major pathway from poverty for rural populations. However, the pattern of participation in these activities is heterogeneous across categories of individuals and poorly understood. We explore the role of spillovers from peers on an individual's participation in formal and informal OFNA employment using village census data for rural Mexico. We test and reject the possibility that peers' decisions could be proxying for unobserved individual, village-level, or individual-type effects. We find that peers' participation in OFNA employment has a large impact on an individual's ability to engage in this type of employment, both formal and informal, even after controlling for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25059

Market Potential for U.S. Distillers' Grains Exceeds Likely Supply Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoffman,   Linwood A.; Dohlman,   Erik.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120967

Smallholder Income and Land Distribution in Africa: Implications for Poverty Reduction Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Yamano,   Takashi; Weber,   Michael T.; Tschirley,   David L.; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Neven,   David; Chapoto,   Antony; Zulu,   Ballard.
This paper provides a micro-level foundation for discussions of income and asset allocation within the smallholder sector in Eastern and Southern Africa, and explores the implications of these findings for rural growth and poverty alleviation strategies in the region. Results are drawn from nationally-representative household surveys in five countries between 1990 and 2000: Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Mozambique, and Zambia. The paper addresses five major points: (1) why geographically-based poverty reduction or targeting strategies-e.g., focusing on marginal areas-is likely to miss a significant share of the poor in any particular country regardless of targeting efficiency in these areas; (2) why current enthusiasm for community-driven development approaches...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54047

LOCAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, SPATIAL CONCENTRATIONS OF POVERTY, AND POVERTY DYNAMICS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crandall,   Mindy S.; Weber,   Bruce A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18916

Food Price Spikes and Strategic Interactions between the Public and Private Sectors:  Market Failures or Governance Failures.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.
When food prices shoot over import parity, this often leads to social and political unrest and even the toppling of governments. If markets behaved efficiently and in the absence of trade barriers, food prices should not exceed the price in world markets plus the cost of importing it to domestic markets (i.e., import parity). However, food prices routinely soar above import parity in several countries of East and Southern Africa, causing widespread hunger and asset depletion among the poor.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97142

NAREA Awards
Provedor de dados: 31
NAREA Outstanding Master's Thesis Award, NAREA Master's Thesis Award of Merit, NAREA Distinguished Member Awards, NAREA Award for Outstanding Public Service Through Economics, and NAREA's Journal Article of the Year for 2008
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55555

Credible Duck Food Safety Certification: Results of a Field Experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ifft,   Jennifer; Roland-Holst,   David W.; Zilberman,   David.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104028

SECOND FOOD SECURITY MEASUREMENT AND RESEARCH CONFERENCE, VOLUME I: PROCEEDINGS
Provedor de dados: 31
The Second Food Security Measurement and Research Conference (February 23-24, 1999) was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service and Economic Research Service and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National Center for Health Satistics.  The conference was the second in a series and was attended by researchers from government, academia, and the private sector.  The conference was part of an ongoing program of Federal food security research, the goal of which has been to establish a stable measurement strategy to assess annually the food security status of the U. S. population.  This report is volume 1 of a two-volume set and contains abbreviated proceedings of all presentations and remarks by discussants...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Food assistance; Nutrition monitoring; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33809

Liquid bio-fuels in Hungary: effects and contradictions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bai,   Attila.
The increase of living standard requires ever more energy, despite energy saving measures. Domestic growth was 100 PJ between 2000 and 2006, and 77% of the total utilization was imported (Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2008). Sustainability was endangered not only in our energy and commerce policy. Our domestic natural conditions are suitable for plant production; however, the stagnation of the domestic population and decreasing livestock numbers restrict inland marketing. Therefore, significant surpluses from year to year had to be stored and sold abroad, and the fact that the interventional purchase of corn and the expected stringent new EU regulation of the sugar beet sector, make the strategic significance of these branches uncertain. The...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48341

Has Kenyan Farmers’ Access to Markets and Services Improved? Panel  Survey Evidence, 1997-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chamberlin,   Jordan; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This report uses panel data on 1,267 smallholder households to monitor changes in their access to markets and services. We find that Kenyan smallholders’ proximity to infrastructure, markets, and services has improved markedly over the last decade. These improvements, however, have not been uniformly distributed over either time or space. Farmers in high-potential areas of the country continue to enjoy closer proximity to most kinds of markets and services compared to low-potential areas, but the greatest relative improvements over the 1997-2007 period have been in areas of medium and low potential. We also distinguish between public and private investments in examining changes in smallholders’ access to markets. Changes deriving from public investments...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Markets; Food security; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q18; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58545

Transmission des hausses des prix internationaux des produits alimentaires en Afrique de l’Ouest : Leçons de la crise de 2007-2008 pour l’expansion de la production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Boubacar Cisse; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Staatz,   John M.; Cisse,   Moussa; Adjao,   Ramziath.
CONFERENCE INTERNATIONALE SUR LES BIOCARBURANTS EN AFRIQUE : Les biocarburants, facteur d’insécurité ou moteur de développement (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 10-12 Novembre 2009)
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Price transmission; Agriculture; Africa; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57244

Food or Fuel? Choices and Conflicts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elam,   Thomas E.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Corn Prices; Biofuels Policy; Tax Credits; RFS; Food versus Fuel; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q28; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94664

The Impact of Agricultural Technology Adoption on Poverty: The case of NERICA rice varieties in Benin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adekambi,   Souleimane Adeyemi; Diagne,   Aliou; Simtowe,   Franklin; Biaou,   Gauthier.
This study examines the relationship between agricultural technology adoption and poverty with a focus on New Rice varieties for Africa (NERICA). The NERICAs  are a group of rice varieties developed by the Africa Rice Centre during the 1990s, resulting from the inter-specific crosses between the Oryza sativa high yielding rice species from Asia and the locally adapted and multiple-stress resistant Oryza glaberrima African rice species. They are believed to provide great hope for African agriculture. Introduced in Benin in 1998, there has been no published analysis on the impact of their adoption by farmers.  The paper uses the counterfactual outcomes framework of modern evaluation theory to estimate the Local Average Treatment Effect (LATE) of NERICA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: NERICA; Poverty; Agricultural technology; Impact assessment; Local Average Treatment Effect; Benin; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C210; Q160; I390.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51645

Benefit-Cost Assessment of Different Homestead Vegetable Gardening on Improving Household Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asaduzzaman,   Md; Naseem,   Anwar; Singla,   Rohit.
Homestead vegetable gardening can play a significant role in improving food security for the resource poor rural households in developing country like Bangladesh. The present study quantifies costs/benefits of traditional and developed homestead vegetable production systems, and analyzes the underlying factors contributing to food security. The result suggests that developed gardening has better performances in terms of calorie intake and economic performances over traditional but the optimal calorie intake with least-cost technology could be a feasible livelihood strategy for resource poor people. The result also suggests that education, sex, and garden area have significant effect on food security. The occupation and family size are also positively...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104525

THE FUTURE OF FISH: ISSUES AND TRENDS TO 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.; Wada,   Nikolas; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Meijer,   Siet; Ahmed,   Mahfuzuddin.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15906

WIC Participation Patterns:  An Investigation of Delayed Entry and Early Exit
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacknowitz,   Alison; Tiehen,   Laura.
USDA’s Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutritious foods, nutrition counseling, and referrals to health and other social services to low-income women and their infants/children up to age 5. Despite the health benefits of WIC participation, many eligible women do not participate during pregnancy, and many households exit WIC when a participating child turns 1 year old. The authors of this report use the first two waves of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B) to understand these transitions into and out of WIC. Findings show that households that are more economically advantaged are more likely to delay entry into the program or exit after a child turns 1 year old. Some of the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women; Infants; And Children; WIC; Participation dynamics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102759

Stabilité relative des prix liée à la forte demande pour le stockage en début de campagne
Provedor de dados: 31
The marketing year 2009/10 is characterized by exceptionally high prices for coarse grains compared to last year. Facts contributing to these increase are studied.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mali; Coarse grain; Prices; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93032

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN RURAL UGANDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Zhang,   Xiaobo; Rao,   Neetha.
Using district-level data for 1992, 1995, and 1999, the study estimated effects of different types of government expenditure on agricultural growth and rural poverty in Uganda. The results reveal that government spending on agricultural research and extension improved agricultural production substantially. This type of expenditure had the largest measured returns to growth in agricultural production. Agricultural research and extension spending also has the largest assessed impact on poverty reduction. Government spending on rural roads also had substantial marginal impact on rural poverty reduction. The impact of low-grade roads such as feeder roads is larger than that of high-grade roads such as murram and tarmac roads. Education's effects rank after...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Monitoring development outcomes; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60317

Nutrition Mapping in Tanzania: An Exploratory Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.
For effective decision-making, policymakers and program managers often need detailed information about the welfare of the population, including knowledge about which specific areas are most affected by poverty and undernutrition. Household sample surveys are an important source of information, yet because the typical sample size is only a few thousand observations, the information is only useful for inferences at high levels of aggregation, such as the nation or large regional units. In contrast, data sources with wider coverage, such as national censuses, rarely capture detailed information on welfare levels. Recently small-area estimation techniques have been applied to the study of poverty to produce estimates of poverty, or poverty maps, for small...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition mapping; Malnutrition; Anthropometry; Small area estimation; Tanzania; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55899

2nd Forum on Irrigation and water for sustainable development: 15 –16 December, 2008 Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa,   Teklu; Balcha,   Yodit.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Irrigation management; Irrigation water; Irrigated farming; Irrigation systems; Supplemental irrigation; Land management; Land use; Investment; Case studies; Government policy; Rural poverty; Groundwater; Small scale systems; Socioeconomic development; Economic aspects; Economic growth; Income; Water management; Water resources development; Water harvesting; Water supply; Public policy; Agricultural production; Developing countries; Public-private cooperation; History; Case studies; River basins; Crop production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118411

Welfare Impacts of Rural to Urban Water Transfers: An Equilibrium Displacement Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pritchett,   James G.; Davies,   Stephen P.; Fathelrahman,   Eihab; Davies,   Amalia.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61842

High food prices: The what, who, and how of proposed policy actions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Asenso-Okyere,   Kwadwo; Fan,   Shenggen; Gulati,   Ashok; Hoddinott,   John; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Ruel,   Marie T.; Torero,   Maximo; van Rheenen,   Teunis; von Grebmer,   Klaus.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48293

Eude sur : identification des besoins d’information des operateurs économiques pour le développement des échanges en Afrique de l’ouest. rapport de synthèse
Provedor de dados: 31
Reports (in French) on Stakeholders' Market Information Needs to Engage in Regional Trade. West Africa synthesis report.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information; West Africa; Agriculture; Food security; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57267

Agriculture and The Challenge to Reduce Poverty in East Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lazaro,   Evelyne A.; Makindara,   Jeremia R.
The three East African (EA) countries Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda have a population of about 95 million people and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of USD 34.2 billion. In recent years efforts has been made among the three East African countries, towards forging economic and regional co-operation by establishing the East African Community (EAC). The premise for economic and regional co-operation has been underpinned for the need for a common market and boost regional trade. The ultimate goal of these efforts is to achieve one of the international development objectives of increasing growth to 7% a year that is required to reduce income poverty. One of the challenges that East African countries need to tackle in the face of globalisation is the ability to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52104

Comparative Analysis of the Safe Training Performance about Farmers Use Pesticide -Sichuan Province of China as an example
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wenting,   Song; Xinhong,   Fu; Deping,   Xiong; Yan,   Wang; Lian,   Huang.
The Ministry of Agriculture of People’s Republic of China put in practice in non-hazardous food production and high-toxicity pesticides elimination, which aim at human, food and environmental safety. To investigate 491 farmers in Sichuan Province, the paper analyzes comparatively training content, fixed-point samples, different areas and training influence. The training content focuses on pesticide purchase, label reading, personal protection, container disposal, sprayer maintenance and sprayer cleaning. The results of SPSS statistical software show that there is a significant difference in 30 fixed-point samples between before and after training, and each index has obvious performance. And the results of component score and comprehensive scores of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Training performance; Farmers; Pesticide; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49973

Pro-poor irrigation management transfer?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute,   IWMI-TATA Water Policy Program.
Driven largely by financial pressures, many governments are transferring full or partial management responsibility for irrigation systems from government agencies to farmers organized into Water User Associations (WUAs). In most cases, improving the situation of poor farmers has been a secondary aim of this reform. But there is increasing evidence that Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) can actually negatively impact the situation of poor farmers—and, in extreme cases, can even cause the collapse of irrigation schemes. New research assessed two different IMT programs: The Gujarat Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) program, one of the first IMT programs in India, and the Andhra Pradesh Farmers’  Management of Irrigation Systems (APFMIS) program,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Privatization; Poverty; Farmers associations; Water users associations; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113066

An Analysis of Major Determinants of Poverty in Agriculture Sector in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jan,   Dawood; Chishti,   Anwar F.; Eberle,   Phillip R.
Replaced with revised version of paper 05/21/08.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6241

THE IMPACT OF IMPROVED MAIZE GERMPLASM ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION: THE CASE OF TUXPENO-DERIVED MATERIAL IN MEXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bellon,   Mauricio R.; Adato,   Michelle; Becerril,   Javier; Mindek,   Dubravka.
This study documents how poor small-scale farmers in lowland tropical Mexico use improved maize germplasm and how this contributes to their well-being. It does this by assessing both the direct adoption of improved varieties and examining the process of their “creolization.” By exposing improved varieties for replanting, and in some cases promoting their hybridization with landraces, either by design or by accident, farmers produce what they recognize as “creolized” varieties. Our key hypothesis is that poor farmers benefit from improved germplasm through creolization. Creolization provides farmers with new options, as they deliberately modify an improved technology generated by the formal research system to suit their own circumstances and needs....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agricultural research; Sustainable livelihoods; Vulnerability; Agricultural extension; Maize germplasm; Creolization; Mexico; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16471

Food Security in Africa: An Agriculturalist’s Perception
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paterson,   A.G.
The level of food security in Africa is mainly dependent on climate, poverty, national security, infrastructure and efficiency of production. Efforts at improving food security have been aimed at providing food aid which has been a disincentive to commercial producers and detracted from, the real need for their development. Aid in the form of cash to the destitute will be a far great incentive to local development, production and consequently food security. The role of commercial producers in food security has been underplayed and will contribute the major input to the three dimensions of food security, namely food supply at national and local levels, stability in supply and providing physical and economic access to food. Efforts by government who have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6954

Food and financial crises: Implications for agriculture and the poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47663

FOOD SECURITY IN KINSHASA, COPING WITH ADVERSITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31848

FOOD DECISION, INFORMATION AND PERSONALITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loheac,   Youenn; Combris,   Pierre; Issancou,   Sylvie.
This study introduce measures of personality traits in an experiment which associate willingness to pay for food and sensory analysis tools in order to explore potential links between personality and food decisions. Measure of personality traits comes from experimental economics (risk aversion and time preference) and from psychology (sensation seeking and impulsivity). We introduce them in the analysis of behaviours of participants in their food decisions (purchase intent, willingness to pay, reaction to new information), and underline some significant links.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food decision; Information; Experimental methods; Risk aversion; Time preference; Personality traits; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C91; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116434

POLICY INTERVENTION AND POVERTY IN RURAL AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swaminathan,   Hema; Findeis,   Jill L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18914

Empirical Analysis of Food Assistance Program Participation: A Case Study of West Virginia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tekle,   Ahadu T.; Gebremedhin,   Tesfa G.
This study aims at examining the relationship between macroeconomic and policy variables and food stamp program participation in West Virginia. Static and dynamic econometric models are employed. Results indicate that macroeconomic conditions significantly explain food stamp program participation. Results could be helpful to welfare programs in West Virginia.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35339

Sector Familiar Agrícola, Mercado de Trabalho Rural e Alívio da Pobreza Rural em Áreas com Abundancia de Terras em África: Evidência de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Benfica,   Rui M.S.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Smallholder agriculture; Commercial agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56042

Sulphur test KCl-40 and growth of the Australian canola industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Two Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) projects in the mid-1980s (Projects 8328 and 8804) funded research at the University of New England to help better understand and improve phosphorus and sulfur management in tropical agricultural systems. As tropical agriculture expands into more marginal land and production systems intensify, the demands for soil phosphorus and sulfur increase.  Major outcomes of the research were a better understanding of the nutrient dynamics in South-East Asia and the development of a new and more reliable soil test for available sulfur. The new test (KCl-40) more accurately measured the sulfur available to plants, as it was able to measure the sulfur held within organic matter. A spin-off from the...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Sulfur; Canola; Australia; Soil; Phosphorus; Nutrient dynamics; South-east Asia; KCl; Livestock; Economic evaluation; Yield; NSW; WA; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47501

Giving Chance to Indigenous Knowledge In Developing Sustainable Nutrition Improvement Interventions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kondwani,   Charles Nanchukwa.
A study was conducted in Nsanje district in Malawi to find out the potential of locally available resources in coming up with sustainable nutrition interventions. 60% of malnourished children had their nutrition states improved within twelve days of feeding on locally available foods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52213

Media Analysis on Volatile Markets’ Dynamics and Adaptive Behavior for the Agri-Food System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Davier,   Zazie; Heyder,   Matthias; Theuvsen,   Ludwig.
The volatility of agricultural markets has increased remarkably in recent years. In spite of this, the way in which supply chain actors perceive market volatility has only rarely been analyzed. This paper seeks to close this research gap by presenting empirical findings about how the volatility of agricultural markets is perceived, how increasing market volatilities are being explained, and what adaptations to the volatile external environments are being suggested. Based on a large-scale media analysis, we have identified perceptions, which vary greatly over time, especially with regard to the perception of the threats and opportunities volatility creates for farms and firms and the most frequently identified reasons for volatile prices
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Media analysis; Public discourse; Shared assumptions; Volatility; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97024

Household Food Security in the United States in 2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coleman-Jensen,   Alisha; Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
An estimated 85.5 percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2010, meaning that they had access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households (14.5 percent) were food insecure at least some time during the year, including 5.4 percent with very low food security—meaning that the food intake of one or more household members was reduced and their eating patterns were disrupted at times during the year because the household lacked money and other resources for food. The prevalence rate of very low food security declined from 5.7 percent in 2009, while the change in food insecurity overall (from 14.7 percent in 2009) was not statistically significant. The typical...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; SNAP; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118021

Policy Space for Mexican Maize: Protecting Agro-biodiversity by Promoting Rural Livelihoods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wise,   Timothy A.
Since the introduction of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, traditional maize farmers in Mexico have faced difficult economic conditions. In barely more than a decade, as many as one million farmers may have abandoned their land under economic pressure from rising imports, low prices for maize and other traditional crops, weak local and regional demand, and large reductions in public sector support for agriculture. The losses are environmental as well as economic. With the loss of traditional maize, there has been a documented loss of the agricultural biodiversity of which these farmers and their ancestors have been stewards for centuries. With maize trade scheduled to be fully liberalized under NAFTA in 2008, many farm groups are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37278

Operational Poverty Targeting by Means of Proxy Indicators - The Example of Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johannsen,   Julia; Zeller,   Manfred.
The measurement of per capita daily expenditures which are compared with a monetary poverty line is the most widely used approach regarding poverty assessment. It is, however, based on the implementation of time and cost-intensive household surveys and, therefore, not an operational method for targeting poor households with development services. The paper shows how to identify an alternative poverty assessment tool for Peru. It consists of a maximum of 15 powerful predictors of per-capita household expenditures selected out of a wide range of indicators from different poverty dimensions such as education, assets and housing characteristics. By applying the maximizing-R-squared regression technique to identify the best 5 to 15 predictors, we avoid an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty indicators; Targeting; Expenditure predictions; Percent point function; Peru; Food Security and Poverty; I3; C8.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25492

THE INFLUENCES OF AVIAN INFLUENZA, BSE, AND H1N1 INFLUENZA ON ATTITUDINAL CHANGES IN MEAT SAFETY ISSUES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hsu,   Jane Lu; Liu,   Kang Ernest; Lee,   Hwang-Jaw; Huang,   Min-Hsin; Hung,   Kelsey  Jing-Ru.
Consumption patterns for chicken and eggs have changed since the outbreak of the H5N1 avian influenza (AI) throughout the world, but its potential impact on demand has not been thoroughly unveiled. Our study examines some important factors influencing behavioral changes and estimates their marginal effects by employing the censored regression model to survey data in Taiwan. Results showed that risk perceptions, overall knowledge and some socio-demographic characteristics were profound in determining changes in consumption of chicken and eggs. Public health education programs informing consumers about the AI threat may reduce their negative perceptions; therefore, consumption of chicken and eggs would not be decreased significantly enough to damage related...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Knowledge; Risk perceptions; Censored regression model; Taiwan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C21; D12; M30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116405

Water for rural development:  Background paper on water for rural development prepared for the World Bank
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molden,   David J.; Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Hussain,   Intizar.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigation management; Rural development; Water resources development; Small scale systems; Land management; Groundwater; Environment; Health; Water policy; Institutions; Food consumption; Water supply; Water demand; Water allocation; Crop yield; Cereals; Water scarcity; Food production; Food security; Crop production; Population growth; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92777

Adoption of Improved Maize and Common Bean Varieties in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopes,   Helder.
Household adoption of new agricultural technologies, including improved maize and bean varieties in Mozambique, is still relatively low. As a result, the average maize and common bean production remains low. This study identifies factors that are associated with households’ adoption of improved maize and bean varieties, using Trabalho de Inquérito Agrícola (TIA) 2007 data and the probit model to estimate the likelihood of household adoption of improved varieties of maize and common beans at both the national and regional levels. At the national level, the results indicate that household head’s education, access to extension services and credit are associated with the household’s adoption decision. However, association membership is negatively associated...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97838

Food Calorie Intake and Food Security under Grain Price Inflation: Evidence from Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pan,   Suwen; Fang,   Cheng; Sanogo,   Issa; Mutuc,   Maria Erlinda M.
A comprehensive analysis of food demand and nutrient consumption using recent, representative household survey data from Malawi is presented. Expenditure and price elasticities have been estimated for 20 food groups using a quadratic almost ideal demand system based on 4 income groups identified by the Goldfeld-Quandt tests. Although the current boom of maize price provides an opportunity to rethink development strategies that diversify the commodity sectors, developing countries will not necessarily benefit from this change absent significant improvements in production capacities and trade infrastructures. Malawi is likely to suffer from higher commodity prices in the short-run.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Goldfeld-Quandt tests; A quadratic almost ideal demand system; Malawi; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; D12; O13; R21; R31; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103266

China's Growth Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Headey,   Derek D.; Kanbur,   Ravi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51156

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND THE STRUCTURAL CHANGE OF DIETARY INTAKE IN HUNGARY: A PANNEL STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Ferto,   Imre; Marreiros,   Cristina.
Typically, big changes in the economic system lead to alterations on the disposable income of families and thus on their spending for different type of products, including food. These may imply, in the long run, a structural modification of the quality of diet of the population. After the fall of the socialist system, in the past two decades Central and Eastern European countries, including Hungary, went through a profound, and sometimes difficult transition of their political and economic systems, shifting from a centralized planned economy to an open market economy, and more importantly, the European Union integration. Economic change in lower-income and transitional economies of the world appears to coincide with increasing rapid social change. With...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transition economy; Food consumption patterns; Cluster analysis; Logit analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116402

RECENT FOOD-STAMP CASELOAD CHANGES IN TENNESSEE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tegegne,   Fisseha; Muhammad,   Safdar; Ekanem,   Enefiok P.; Singh,   Surendra P.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27641

Measuring the Impact of Public and Private Assets on Household Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income; Mozambique; Africa; Food security; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56073

Bringing pumps to people: giving the poor better access to groundwater irrigation: sustainable approaches and options for eastern India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute,   IWMI-TATA Water Policy Program.
The State government has a vital role to play in developing groundwater resources to help improve the lot of the poorest people in eastern India's rural communities. Many States have tried to achieve this over the past 50 years through centrally planned public tube-well programs. Recently published research says that most of these efforts have failed to bring irrigation or improved livelihoods to the poor. This research shows how policy makers can have a significant positive impact on poverty reduction by removing pump subsidies and opening pump markets to international competition. Subsidies and import restrictions have kept pump prices in India artificially inflated, by more than 35-45%, over those of neighbouring Pakistan and Bangladesh. If a 'shock...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Groundwater irrigation; Pumps; Tube wells; Energy; Electricity supplies; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113062

EDUCATION AND POVERTY IN MICHIGAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jessup,   Gerald O.
In the United States as a whole, 21.4% of the families have incomes below $3,000 while in Michigan, only 15.7% fall below this line.  Poverty in Michigan is definitely not as severe as that which exists in many states of the deep South and in Appalachia.  In Michigan, there are about 314,000 families or 1,256,000 people who have incomes or live in families with incomes below $3,000 per year.  The poor exist in every county of every state.  Poverty for the purposes of discussion was defined as existing when a family of four had an income of $3,000 or less.  Seven hypotheses describing the relationship between lack of resources and poverty were considered.  One of these is the relationship between poor educational systems and low income.  This relationship...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11254

A Profile of the Free State Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of the Free State. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15616

Agricultural Growth and Poverty Reduction: The Case of Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soloaga,   Isidro.
Poverty levels have been diminishing in Mexico since the late 90's, although several regions still show high levels of poverty, and they are extremely high in some rural areas. This paper have addressed the issue of the linkages between sectoral growth (urban/rural) and poverty levels. It was found that although both types of growth impacted negatively on poverty levels in Mexico, rural growth seems to have a higher power in improving consumption per capita of the poorest among the poor people. Moreover, the only inter-sector linkage found was the one that connects rural growth with urban poverty for those people above the food -poverty line but below the moderate poverty line. Exploring plausible channels, we have found that rural growth enhances equality...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; O5; E2; J43.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25277

Staple food prices in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ariga,   Joshua; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Njukia,   Stephen.
Prepared for the COMESA policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58559

Commodity Price Volatility and Nutrition Vulnerability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Verma,   Monika; Hertel,   Thomas W.
In this paper we examine the impact of commodity price volatility on nutritional attainment of households at the nutritional poverty line in Bangladesh. We focus on the first two moments of the distribution of nutrition and consider the differential impacts across socio-economic groups within the country. We also examine the direction and magnitude of the shift in these moments as a result of implementation of special safeguards measures aimed at preventing import surges.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Price volatility; Calories; Vulnerability; Food consumption; Poverty; Household data; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49344

Smallholder marketed surplus and input use under transactions costs: maize supply and fertilizer demand in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arega,   D.A.; Manyong,   Victor M.; Omanya,   G.; Mignouna,   H.D.; Bokanga,   M.; Odhiambo,   George D.
This paper assessed the effects of transactions costs—relative to price and non-price factors—on smallholder marketed surplus and input use in Kenya. A selectivity model was used that accounts not only for the effects of fixed and variable transactions costs but also for the role of assets, technology, and support services in promoting input use and generating a marketable surplus. Output supply and input demand responses to changes in transactions costs and price and non-price factors were estimated and decomposed into market entry and intensity. The results showed that while transactions costs indeed have significant negative effects on market participation, cost-mitigating innovations—such as group marketing—are also emerging to mitigate the costs of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Commercialization; Marketed surplus; Fertilizer use; Transactions cost; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52074

Industry Speaks Strategies for Solving the Food Inflation Problem
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Neves,   Marcos Fava.
This article addresses some of the partial truths and misinformation in media reporting over the booming food prices debate. Many studies are only linking biofuels to the inflation cause, while ignoring several other factors such as the growth of the world population, economic development and income distribution. An overview of the causes is discussed and 10 strategies proposed which policy makers, governments, and organizations can adapt to move the world forward towards long-term sustainability.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food crisis; Bio-fuels; Strategy; Sustainability; Problem solving; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q16; Q27.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53731

Toward Improved Marketing and Trade Policies to Promote Household Food Security in Central and Southern Mozambique: 2007 Update
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Abdula,   Danilo Carimo.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Marketing; Trade; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56068

Government responses to the world food crisis 2007-08: A political economy perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maas,   Sarah; Matthews,   Alan.
This paper examines the performance of African agri-food exports to the EU market over the first decade of the new millennium. The EU is Africa’s single largest export market absorbing just half of all African agri-food exports. Countries are grouped according to the preferential trade regime they enjoy to enter the EU market: North African countries under EuroMed agreements; least developed African countries under the Everything but Arms arrangement; other African countries under the Cotonou Agreement; and South Africa under its Trade, Development and Cooperation Agreement. Despite these preferences, Africa appears to be losing market share. A shift-share analysis confirms that, with the exception of the African Mediterranean countries, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; EU; Agricultural exports; Market access; Preference agreements; Food Security and Poverty; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114664

NUTRITION AND POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16166

SNAP Benefits and Eating Out: Wise Choices Required
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Biing-Hwan; Carlson,   Andrea.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122151

Rural and Urban Dynamics and Poverty: Evidence from China and India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Chan-Kang,   Connie; Mukherjee,   Anit.
The rural and urban sectors of an economy are interconnected economically, financially, and socially. Ideally, resources such as capital and labor should move freely between these two sectors. In an undistorted economy, marginal returns to production factors should be equal. As a result, labor productivity and consequently per capita income should be the same. Many have argued that there should not be any distinction between rural and urban sectors. Indeed, there has been a growing interest in the development literature on the linkages between rural and urban development (DfID 2003). However, the relationship between urban and rural sectors in many developing countries is still characterized by an economic dualism, in other words, by the coexistence of a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Urban-rural linkages; Poverty; China; India; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59598

Assessing Africa's Food and Nutrition Security Situation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45777

More Market, Less Poverty, But Also More Sustainable Land Use?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gandonou,   Esaie; Burger,   Kees.
The main question in this research is to what extent agriculture on fragile slopes would become more sustainable if the farmers were given more possibilities for selling their products and acquiring production resources. An empirical study conducted in northern Benin demonstrates that a more accessible market does not lead to substantial increase in soil erosion control measures. The results indicated clearly that a closer market has positive effects on the yields of grain, and provides farmers with more opportunities to grow other, more commercial, crops or to undertake other profitable activities. Investments in an improved infrastructure can therefore contribute to improved agricultural returns, and these higher returns increase the attractiveness of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7915

Botswana's Development: Its Economic Structure and Rural Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moepeng,   Pelotshweu T.; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Botswana was among the highest growing economies in the world during 1985-2005 and achieved a reduction in its overall incidence of poverty from 60 per cent in 1985/86 to 30 per cent in 2002/03. The incidence of rural poverty in Botswana decreased from 55 per cent in 1985/86 to 40 per cent in 1992/93, however, it increased to 45 per cent in 2002/03. The reversal of gains in rural poverty reduction has motivated this study. An analysis of Botswana’s overall economic performance, demographic changes and movements and policy responses contribute to the understanding of the occurrence of the incidence of rural poverty in Botswana. In conclusion, it is found that Botswana’s rural and non-rural economy might appear to be characterised by dualism using the...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Botswana; Poverty; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123545

Does Healthy Food Cost More in Poor Neighborhoods? An Analysis of Retail Food Cost and Spatial Competition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hatzenbuehler,   Patrick L.; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; O'Neil,   Carol E.
The organization of the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, retail food industry was analyzed to determine whether spatial competition influenced the cost and availability of food items. Using a spatial competition gravity variable, the costs of two separate market baskets were analyzed in January 2009, and the factors influencing spatial competition were determined. Store type (chain or supercenter) was found to be the most significant determinant of food costs, validating findings of past studies. Although food was not found to be more expensive in low-income areas, results suggest that residents in low-income and rural areas have disincentives to purchase affordable, available healthy food due to the spatial organization of their local food market.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Retail food cost; Food availability; Spatial retail competition; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123312

WHAT CAN POVERTY MAPS TELL US FOR FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMMING?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16498

Food Aid and the WTO: Can New Rules Be Effective?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardwell,   Ryan T.
A new Agreement on Agriculture from the Doha Development Agenda negotiations is certain to contain binding rules on food aid shipments. Negotiating parties are concerned that food aid has been used as a form of export competition policy, and they seek the use of coercive WTO legislation to prevent the disposal of surplus agricultural commodities as food aid. Current Uruguay Round food aid guidelines are contrasted with the most recent Doha Development Agenda proposals, and the prospective effectiveness of new rules is assessed. Food aid rules will be difficult to enforce within the WTO’s Dispute Settlement Understanding. Also, exogenous policy changes in donor countries are reducing the relevance of rules that target food aid as a means of surplus...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Development economics; Export competition; Food aid; WTO; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; O13; O19; Q17; F13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6313

The Contribution of Tourism to Economic Growth and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richardson,   Robert B.
Many developing countries have managed to increase their participation in the global economy through development of international tourism. Tourism development is increasingly viewed as an important tool in promoting economic growth, alleviating poverty, and advancing food security. This briefing note aims to review the relationship between tourism and poverty reduction, and to explore how investment in tourism development in Mali may contribute to national development goals. Numerous studies have demonstrated that tourism can play a significant role in balanced sustainable development, and that it can be effectively harnessed to generate net benefits for the poor (UNWTO, 2002). Tourism is a principal export for 83% of developing countries, and it is the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97140

Food insecurity and childhood obesity: beyond categorical and linear representations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuku-Shittu,   Oluyemisi; Gundersen,   Craig; Garasky,   Steven B.
Previous work on the relationship between food insecurity and childhood overweight has lead to a wide array of answers – some have found a positive relationship, others no relationship, and still others a negative relationship. This previous work has shared one thing in common – all have used parametric models. In this paper we move beyond parametric models by using non-parametric models. With data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and a wide array parametric methods, we find evidence across different samples of a positive relationship, no relationship, and a negative relationship between childhood overweight and food insecurity. When we turn to non-parametric methods, however, this ambiguity across samples is not...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6163

Perspectives on the Performance of Agriculture in South Africa since 1994 and implications for its Role in Achieving Sustainable Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vink,   Nick; van Rooyen,   Johan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108005

Reflections on Poverty and Prospects for Growth in the Mozambican Rural Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Marrule,   Higino Francisco; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Strasberg,   Paul J.; Tschirley,   David L.; Weber,   Michael T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 10.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11329

Food retail provisioning, dietary behavior and weight outcomes in North Carolina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adu-Nyako,   Kofi; Okafor,   Ralph.
Aspects of the built environment may be contributing to the upward trend in obesity through constrained availability and affordability of healthful foods. The neighborhood food environment factors such as the availability of food retail stores is increasingly being recognized as playing an important role in health behaviors and health outcomes. We examine the local availability of retail food stores and their influence on the risk of obesity in North Carolina. Data on food stores were linked through county codes to individual data from the BRFSS data and multilevel modeling was employed to assess their associations with BMI. In regressions that included fruit and vegetable servings, and food store types as explanatory variables, our result show that BMI...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Environment; Dietary Behavior; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56474

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: IS SRI LANKA REALLY AN EXCEPTION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mendis,   Patrick.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14052

Comportamento dos Mercados Grossistas de Grão de Milho Branco Durante o Ano 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdula,   Danilo Carimo.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56052

Impact of the food safety policies on the reduction of poverty in Tunisian rural areas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khaldi,   Raoudha; Dhraief,   Mohamed Zied; Haddad,   Samia; Rached,   Zouhair; Padilla,   Martine.
The observed trend of decreasing poverty in Tunisian rural areas, where agriculture is still dominated by family and where illiteracy rate and family size are high, questions may be raised about the economic policies adopted by the state. This article puts the analyses of these policies in the framework of food safety issue as food and poverty are tightly related and as food safety objective is multi-sectorial and multi-disciplinary. In economic development plans, food safety objective took the place of self-sufficiency. The analysis of food safety policy is based on a macro-economic analysis of the offer (policies of production pricing and subsidizing, investment policies) and demand (Policies of consumption subsidies and consumer prices) as well as the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Rural area; Structure adjustment; Food safety; Agricultural and food policies.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7928

"This Woman's Work" in a "Man's World": A Feminist Analysis of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sciullo,   Nick J.
Published in Whittier Law Review, v.28, 2006
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; Feminism; Farm Security and Rural Investment Act; 2002; Sciullo; Law; Womyn; International agriculture; Covered commodities; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Public Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37239

CAUSES OF HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY IN KOREDEGAGA PEASANT ASSOCIATION, OROMIYA ZONE, ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haile,   H.K.; Alemu,   Zerihun Gudeta; Kudhlande,   G.
The main objective of the study was to examine the determinants of households' food security using a logistic regression procedure. The model was initially fitted with eleven factors, of which six were found to be significant, and all exhibited the expected signs. These include farmland size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result was analyzed further to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant determinant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational levels of household heads lead to relatively greater probability of food security. On the other hand,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28074

TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND THE STRUCTURE OF POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.; Ivanic,   Maros; Preckel,   Paul V.; Cranfield,   John A.L.
“"Globalization increases poverty"” is a common assertion made by critics of globalization. The proliferation of low-wage jobs and higher food prices are some of the arguments brought forward in support of this argument. One of the hallmarks of globalization is the systematic dismantling of barriers to trade. Advocates of trade liberalization – particularly industrialized country agriculture reform – argue that the ensuing rise in world prices for agriculture products will boost rural incomes, thereby reducing poverty in the poorest countries, where the bulk of world poverty resides. Who is right? The goal of this paper is take a systematic look at the structure of poverty across a range of developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28691

Breaking the "Fertilizer Poverty" and Food Insecurity Traps in Smallholder Maize Based Farming System in Southern Africa: Experiences and Lessons from Soil Fertility Network/Economics and Policy Working Group (EPWG)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mekuria,   Mulugetta; Waddington,   Stephen R.; Siziba,   Shephard.
Smallholder farmers in southern Africa face acute food insecurity because the productive capacity of their soils has declined. These resource-poor farmers increasingly cannot afford mineral fertilizers Farmers mentioned the lack of fertilizers for their depleted soils as the most important constraint- "Empty Soils, stomachs and pockets." In response to this challenge, Soil Fert Net researchers in southern Africa have developed and promoted a range of "best-bet" soil fertility management technological (SFMT) options for farmers. This paper presents a review of financial, adoption, institutional and policy analysis undertaken by EPWG members on the use of SFMT by smallholders. Financial and risk analysis tools, selected econometric models and policy analysis...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Policy briefs; Policy analysis matrix; Markets; Cropping systems; Legumes; N fertilizer; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9515

Collaborative supply chain initiatives as devices to cope with income variability in the Scottish red meat sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar; Leat,   Philip M.K.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether collaborative supply chain initiatives may help to provide income stability for farmers, focussing the analysis on the red meat supply chain in Scotland. Collaborative supply chains may contribute with two elements to attain higher income instability: first, greater demand stability and market access, and second, less variability in the price received for carcasses, as the produced output fits better the required specifications (i.e., no lost premia). The analysis of a survey applied to Scottish red meat producers showed that farmers that are part of a producers’ club do not differ from other farmers in their perception of marketing problems (e.g., price stability, etc.). However, in terms of their marketing...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Income instability; Producers’ clubs; Red meat sector; Scotland.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61105

Global Market Shocks and Poverty in Vietnam: The Case of Rice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coxhead,   Ian A.; Linh,   Vu Hoang; Tam,   Le Dong.
World food prices have experienced dramatic increases in recent years. These “shocks” affect food importers and exporters alike. Vietnam is a major exporter of rice, and rice is also a key item in domestic production, employment and consumption. Accordingly, rice price shocks from the world market have general equilibrium impacts and as such, their implications for household welfare are not known ex ante. In this paper we first present a simple framework for understanding the direct and indirect welfare effects of a global market shock of this kind. Second, we quantify the transmission of the price shock from global indicator prices to domestic markets. Third, we then we use an applied general equilibrium (AGE) model to simulate the effects of domestic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Vietnam; Rice; Poverty; Price transmission; General equilibrium; Microsimulation; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; I32; D58; Q17.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116706

SHAPING GLOBALIZATION FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Introduction, by Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Sherman Robinson; The nature of disagreements, by Ravi Kanbur; Growth and poverty, by Manohar Sharma, Sam Morley and Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla; Trade and food security, by Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and Marcelle Thomas; Nutrition, by Julie Babinard and Per Pinstrup-Andersen; High-value agriculture, by Christopher Delgado, Nicholas Minot and Nikolas Wada; Food safety and food quality, by Laurian J. Unnevehr; Technological change, by Peter B.R. Hazell; Intellectual property rights and agricultural R&amp;D, by Philip G. Pardey and Brian D. Wright; Environment, by Stanley Wood; Democracy and civil society, by Marzia Fontana and Yukitsugu Yanoma; Conflict and food insecurity, by Ellen Messer and Marc J. Cohen;...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16029

Institutional arrangements for land drainage in developing countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Freisem,   Claudia; Scheumann,   Waltina.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Drainage; Infrastructure; Irrigable land; Farmer participation; Financing; Land reclamation; Flood control; Irrigated farming; Social aspects; Economic aspects; Environment; Case studies; Operations; Maintenance; Waterlogging; Salinity; Productivity; Food security; Institutional constraints; Communal irrigation systems; Water users' associations; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92776

PERSPECTIVAS PARA UNA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA MUNDIAL: UN ANALISIS CRITICO DE ANTERIORES PROYECCIONES Y PREDICCIONES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCalla,   Alex F.; Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16324

Development Strategies and Food and Nutrition Security in Africa : An Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heidhues,   Franz; Atsain,   Achi; Nyangito,   Hezron Omare; Padilla,   Martine; Ghersi,   Gerard; Le Vallee,   Jean-Charles.
hunger and malnutrition. If we are to succeed, it is vital that food and nutrition security strategies be both sound and able to be implemented. Ultimately, strategies deficient in either of these two areas will be ineffectual. Lessons from past strategies provide a valuable resource in the design of future strategies, yet there is a dearth of programmatic information and rigorous evaluations of the approaches used in the past. With this in mind, the authors of this 2020 discussion paper—Franz Heidhues, Achi Atsain, Hezron Nyangito, Martine Padilla, Gérard Ghersi, and Jean-Charles Le Vallée— review the multitude of approaches and strategies for achieving food and nutrition security in Africa within the context of development over the past four decades....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42270

POLICY REFORM, MARKET STABILITY, AND FOOD SECURITY; PROCEEDINGS OF A CONFERENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL TRADE RESEARCH CONSORTIUM
Provedor de dados: 31
Contact for this paper:  Laura Bipes, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, 1994 Buford Avenue, 232 ClaOff, St. Paul, MN 55108.  This volume contains the main papers that were presented at an IATRC symposium which focused on Policy Reform, Market Stability, and Food Security.  It was held June 26-27, 1998 in Alexandria, Virginia and was co-sponsored by the Center for International Food and Agricultural Policy, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota.  Papers included are:  Asian Economic Crisis and the Long-Term Global Food Situation, by Mark Rosegrant and Claudia Ringler; The New Policy Environment for Food Aid: The Challenge of Sub-Saharan Africa, by Cheryl Christensen; Poverty and Undernutrition in South Asia, by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14538

Network Governance at the Firm and Network Level: Goals, Routines, and Social Mechanisms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ziggers,   Gerrit Willem; Gagalyuk,   Taras; Hanf,   Jon Henrich.
This article contributes to the general understanding of governance in networks and the achievement of private and common goals. Integrating transaction costs and social network theory, a simple integrated framework is provided for understanding why firms collaborate and under which conditions they establish durable networks that succeed in achieving goals. Network theory is extended by explicitly distinguishing between firm and network level governance, and by identifying governance mechanisms that adapt, coordinate, and safeguard customized exchanges. This way issues as how networks evolve, how they are governed, and ultimately, how collective outcomes might be generated can be better comprehended. This is especially relevant to policy planners and those...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Network governance; Social network theory; Governance mechanisms.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101286

Developing Poverty Assessment Tools Based on Principal Component Analysis: Results from Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Uganda, and Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Houssou,   Nazaire; Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Schwarze,   Stefan; Johannsen,   Julia.
Developing accurate, yet operational poverty assessment tools to target the poorest households remains a challenge for applied policy research. This paper aims to develop poverty assessment tools for four countries: Bangladesh, Peru, Uganda, and Kazakhstan. The research applies the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to seek the best set of variables that predict the household poverty status using easily measurable socio-economic indicators. Out of sample validations tests are performed to assess the prediction power of a tool. Finally, the PCA results are compared with those obtained from regressions models. In-sample estimation results suggest that the Quantile regression technique is the first best method in all four countries, except Kazakhstan. The PCA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty assessment; Targeting; Principal component analysis; Bangladesh; Peru; Kazakhstan; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty; H5; Q14; I3.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25396

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN AID, POLICIES AND STATE INSTITUTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xayavong,   Vilaphonh; Gounder,   Rukmani; Obben,   James.
This paper re-examines the theoretical aid-growth nexus by expounding on the issues relating to policies designed for aid delivery and the lack of aid recipient's state institutional capability to enforce policy conditionality. Two propositions have been demonstrated to explain why policy conditionality attached to aid might not always promote sustainable economic growth in Least Developed Countries. First, the model has simulated that a stable aid flow contributes to economic growth even when aid is fungible. Second, the model has also simulated that unstable aid inflow impairs the favourable effect of stable aid inflow. It is suggested that the contribution of aid to economic growth depends not only on the ability of aid to increase investment in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Foreign Aid; Economic Growth; Policies; State Institutions; Food Security and Poverty; D72; D9; F35; H30.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23704

Socio-economic Determinants of the Performance of Informal Women Co-operatives in Enugu state, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Opata,   Patience I.; Nweze,   Noble Jackson.
Paper to be presented for International Conference of Women in Africa and African Diaspora (WAAD) at Yaradua Conference Centre Abuja, August 3-11, 2009
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Women; Credit and Savings; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51554

Integrated research, education and extension projects with children (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saltos,   Etta.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60362

A Game Theoretic Approach to Analyse Cooperation between Rural Households in Northern Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gerichhausen,   M.; Berkhout,   Ezra D.; Hamers,   H.J.M; Manyong,   Victor M.
To improve the livelihood of the poor in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) much attention has been paid to the development of new agricultural technologies. We hypothesize that farmers can also improve their livelihood through cooperation. Partial cooperation, in which knowledge is shared or bargaining power improved, is relatively common in SSA, while cooperation where all resources are fully shared, which we address, has rarely been investigated. An important pre-requisite to establish such cooperation, is the need for a fair division rule for the gains of the cooperation. This paper combines linear programming and cooperative game theory to model the effects of cooperation of (individual) households on income and farm plans. Linear programming establishes...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperations; Linear Programming; Nigeria; Livelihood; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52146

A Methodology for Estimating Household Income in Rural Mozambique Using Easy-to-Collect Variables
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Rose,   Donald; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Household income; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56037

LAND QUALITY, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AND FOOD SECURITY AT LOCAL, REGIONAL, AND GLOBAL SCALES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiebe,   Keith D.
Econometric and simulation analyses indicate that land degradation does not threaten agricultural productivity growth and food security at the global level, but problems exist in some areas.  Improving market performance could reduce erosion-induced yield losses to 0.1 percent per year and the number of hungry people in less-developed countries by 5 percent over 10 years.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land quality; Agricultural productivity; Food security; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22015

Aflatoxin Redux: Does European Aflatoxin Regulation Hurt Groundnut Exporters from Africa?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xiong,   Bo; Beghin,   John C.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/02/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Standards; Aflatoxin; Maximum Residues Limit; Groundnut; Gravity equation; Africa; Market access; EU; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q17; F13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61314

Farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo state
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ajao,   A.O.; Ogunniyi,   L.T.
The climate is changing and global mean temperatures have increased this is expected to have profound effects on food security. Long-term changes in climate will disproportionately affect tropical regions, meaning poor farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa will likely bear the brunt of adverse impacts. Adaptation plays an important role in reducing vulnerability to climate change and is therefore critical and of concern in developing countries, particularly in Africa where vulnerability is high because ability to adapt is low. This study examined farmers’ strategies for adapting to climate change in Ogbomoso agricultural zone of Oyo State of Nigeria. One hundred and fifty farmers were interviewed to obtain information from using a multistage sampling procedure....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate; Probit; Mulchin; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; GA; IN.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116378

Micro e Pequenas Empresas no Centro e Norte de Moçambique: Resultados de um Inquérito realizado em 1996
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Mead,   Donald C.; Arlindo,   Pedro.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56024

ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA DE DADOS ESPACIAL DA INCIDÊNCIA DE POBREZA NA ILHA DE SANTIAGO DE CABO VERDE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baptista,   Antonio Jose Medina dos Santos; Santos,   Cristiane Marcia.
Combater a pobreza sempre foi um objetivo presente em grande parte das políticas publicas implementadas em Cabo Verde. Esse tema tem despertado atenção da comunidade de investigadores, que ao longo do tempo enriqueceram o acervo de documentos de analise da pobreza. O presente artigo teve a pretensão de analisar a incidência da pobreza em Cabo Verde especificamente na identificação de cluster de pobreza e indicação da dependência espacial da incidência da pobreza na Ilha de Santiago. Os resultados permitiram evidenciar a existência de padrões espaciais distintos em relação à incidência da pobreza. Os vizinhos tendem a apresentar valores semelhantes entre, si e diferentes das demais localidades relativamente mais afastadas. Uma das principais conclusões do...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pobreza; Cabo Verde; Heterogeneidade espacial; Dependência espacial; Poverty; Cape Verde; Space heterogeneity; Spatial dependence; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113180

Food Insecurity and Its Determinants in Asia and the Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Southgate,   Douglas; Coxhead,   Ian A.
In Asian-Pacific developing countries, the prevalence of food insecurity has diminished dramatically in the past generation. Despite this, many millions continue to suffer from persistent or periodic food insecurity. The causes of food insecurity are both structural and market-related, including influences of public policy on market operations. The most vulnerable populations are those that simultaneously experience both these forms of insecurity. The places they inhabit tend to have poor-quality land, are exposed to climatic and other environmental risks, or both. These same populations either have relatively weak links with the non-food economy, in which higher wages and better income-earning opportunities make food self-sufficiency less important, or...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92221

PATHWAYS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN MADAGASCAR: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE CRITICAL TRIANGLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Lapenu,   Cecile; Minten,   Bart; Ralison,   Eliane; Randrianaivo,   Desire; Randrianarisoa,   Jean Claude.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15983

THE U.S. ROLE IN THE FOOD AID PICTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shapouri,   Shahla; Rosen,   Stacey L.; Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/14/04.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20265

Desafios Para Garantir a Concorrência e Reduzir os Custos No Sistema Alimentar de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Santos,   Ana Paula.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56025

Maintaining Access to Modern Science to Serve the Poor: A Case Study with Rice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Ken S.
Modern biology is generating revolutionary advances in genetic knowledge and our capacity to change the genetic make up of crops and livestock. Much of this new science is proprietary, owned both by the private sector and increasingly by advanced public sector researchers, leading to a concern by many, and expressed by Serageldin (past chair of the CGIAR): that the progressive monopolization of knowledge – and the increasing marginalization of most of the world’s population – is skewing the new science to the benefits of the rich and excluding the poor. The poor of the world deserve the best that science has to offer. Consequently, national and international public sectors in the developing world will have to play a key role, in accessing proprietary tools...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123936

FOOD SECURITY IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES AND CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wehrheim,   Peter; Wiesmann,   Doris M.
Most methodological materials and analyses of food security pertain to the classical developing countries of the world. In this paper we discuss the question what pattern of food insecurity has developed across the transition countries? And, are there specific characteristics of food insecurity in the transition economies which can be attributed to the legacy of the socialist era? We argue that various legacies from the socialist system are decisive for today's economic and social environment in which food insecurity in these countries arises and has to be tackled. We discuss how the standard conceptual framework for the analysis of food security has to be adapted to take the specific characteristics of transition countries into account. Furthermore, we...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18760

EVALUATING TRIPLE-ISSUED FOOD VOUCHERS AS A CALIFORNIA WIC PROGRAM MARKETING TOOL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matthews,   James R.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27622

Farmers' Post-Harvest Grain Management Choices under Liquidity Constraints and Impending Risks: Implications for Achieving Food Security Objectives in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gabriel,   Abebe H.; Hundie,   Bekele.
The purpose of this paper is to explore into the relationships between farmers' post-harvest grain management practices/capacities on the one hand, and liquidity constraints and impending risks on the other, in the context of achieving food security objective at household and national levels. The findings are primarily based on a household survey data from 300 randomly selected major food grain producing peasant households in three rural districts of Ethiopia. Results indicate that farmers perceived post-harvest grain loss as an imminent risk, and that instant sales of grains after harvest are triggered by temporary but immediate liquidity preferences to meet various obligations in the absence of or limited sources of cash other than crops sales, and by an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Post-harvest; Liquidity; Risk; Grain loss; Grain sales; Price fluctuations; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q12; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25716

Improving Production and Marketing to Enhance Food Security in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Abdula,   Danilo Carimo; Weber,   Michael T.
Research Results of the Policy Analysis Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Maize; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55248

Trade Liberalisation and Poverty in Bangladesh: A General Equilibrium Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nahar,   Bodrun; Siriwardana,   Mahinda.
This paper uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to investigate the impact on poverty of trade liberalisation in Bangladesh. The simulation results show that the complete removal of tariffs favours export oriented sectors in the economy. With trade liberalisation, rural and urban areas experience an overall reduction in poverty in the short run. However, a marginal increase in the poverty gap and poverty severity for urban areas is projected, implying that the poor become poorer in urban areas. Moreover, poverty incidences vary among various socio-economic groups. In the short run, poverty incidence increases for rural landless and urban illiterate and low-educated household groups. In contrast, the long run results highlight that trade...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade Liberalisation; Poverty; Bangladesh; Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model.; International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47629

Online-Survey of Keepers of Rare Animals or Plants about their Activities and Attitudes in Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Efken,   Josef.
Zusammenfassung: Ziel der Studie ’Online-Befragung von ErhalterInnen seltener Nutztiere oder Nutzpflanzen zu Ihren Aktivitäten und Einstellungen’ ist es, erstmalig für Deutschland beziehungsweise den deutschsprachigen Raum diesen Personenkreis zu charakterisieren. Dazu wurde eine Online-Befragung durchgeführt, die sich mit Hilfe von einschlägig bekannten Organisationen gezielt an interessierte Personen richtete. Es konnten detaillierte Erkenntnisse über Einstellungen und Ausgestaltung des Engagements gewonnen werden sowie über Art und Umfang der unmittelbaren Erhaltung seltener Nutzpflanzen beziehungsweise Nutztiere: Es werden verschiedenste Arten und Rassen beziehungsweise Sorten erhalten. Vermarktungsaspekte sind wichtig und ’Erhalten durch Essen’ wird...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Genetische Ressourcen; On Farm Management; Online-Befragung; Genetic resources; On-farm management; Online survey; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; H44; Q13; Q57.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102644

Thrifty Food Plan, 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carlson,   Andrea; Lino,   Mark; Juan,   WenYen; Hanson,   Kenneth; Basiotis,   P. Peter.
The Thrifty Food Plan (TFP), a fundamental part of the U.S. food guidance system and the basis for maximum food stamp allotments, has been revised by USDA’s Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), with assistance from USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service (FNS), Economic Research Service (ERS), and Agricultural Research Service (ARS). The TFP provides a representative healthful and minimal cost meal plan that shows how a nutritious diet may be achieved with limited resources. The Plan assumes that all purchased food is consumed at home. The TFP was last revised in 1999. The newly revised (2006) TFP differs from, and improves upon, the previous TFP in a number of ways. The 2006 TFP: • Is based on the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans as well as...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Thrifty Food Plan; USDA Food Plans; Diet Quality; Food Stamps; Cost of Food; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42899

L’impact socio-économique du VIH/SIDA sur les familles rurales ET SUR l’éducation des jeunes AU CAMEROUN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkendah,   Robert.
Au Cameroun comme dans beaucoup d’autres pays en Afrique subsaharienne, les recherches sur le VIH/SIDA se sont confinées dans les zones urbaines et ignorant en quelque sorte les zones rurales. C’est ainsi que ses liens avec l’agriculture et le développement rural n’ont reçu que peu d’attention en raison, dit-on, du manque des données et de la faible prévalence de la maladie dans les zones rurales par rapport aux zones urbaines. Pourtant, les liens réciproques entre la pandémie du VIH/SIDA et le développement rural est aujourd’hui reconnu par tous. La communauté internationale, y compris le Cameroun, cherche à mesurer l’impact de cette maladie sur la population rurale dont les jeunes occupent souvent une place importante. La présente communication vise à...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52130

AGEING AND CONSUMPTION – THE IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE ON FOOD EXPENDITURE PATTERNS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anders,   Sven M.
Populations in most developed countries are ageing while fertility is declining. Policy makers and researchers expect this demographic shift to induce major shifts in most Western societies, economies and public policies. Moreover, changing requirements, demands and public health pressures (e.g. diabetes) of ageing populations are expected are likely to alter food expenditure patterns for various goods categories, including food products. The objective of this paper is to investigate to what extent household's food expenditure patterns shift around retirement age and what role changes in time use spend on home production play in this context. More specifically this paper reviews literature relevant to economic literature that has evolved around Modigliani...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Life-cycle hypothesis; Retirement consumption puzzle; Food expenditure; Canada; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116442

Food Security in Africa: With Main Reference to Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Silas,   Omolo; De Wolff,   John.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6996

Does the Participation in the Microcredit Programs Increase Consumption of Participating Households? The Case of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   M. Jahangir Alam.
This paper assesses empirically the impact of the participation in the microcredit program of the Grameen Bank on consumption of participating households.  A household level survey was carried out for collecting data (N=521). The results of the empirical estimations indicate that the participation of a household in the microcredit program of the Grameen Bank increases consumption of participating households significantly. But there is non-linearity in the increasing trend in consumption of participating households. The consumption level goes up gradually with the increase in the membership duration up to five years of membership, but the growth rate starts declining after that period of membership.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microcredit; Consumption; Impact Assessment; Grameen Bank; Bangladesh; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46545

Can Low-Income Americans Afford a Healthy Diet?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golan,   Elise H.; Stewart,   Hayden; Kuchler,   Fred; Dong,   Diansheng.
Low-income households that receive maximum food assistance benefits usually can afford a healthy diet; others may have more difficulty.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122581

Poverty, Livestock and Household Typologies in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maltsoglou,   Irini; Taniguchi,   Kiyoshi.
Agriculture and livestock are key components of the livelihoods of the poor. Livestock make a substantial contribution to household livelihood's’ and currently sustain the livelihoods of an estimated 700 million rural poor in developing countries. In Nepal, poverty levels are extremely high and more than 80% of the population relies on the agriculture sector for employment and income generation.   In this context, it is important to be able to understand the link between poverty and livestock and the possible impact of livestock policies on the poor. The aim of the analysis presented in this paper is twofold: firstly, to gain an in-depth understanding of the features that characterize the poor in Nepal so as to determine the role livestock plays in and for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nepal; Livestock; Household Typologies; Poverty Reduction; Rural Livelihoods and Income Sources.; Food Security and Poverty; Q12; R20; O12.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23808

Planning for Drought in Mozambique: Balancing the Roles of Food Aid and Food Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56026

POVERTY, POLICY AND PLACE: HOW POVERTY AND POLICIES TO ALLEVIATE POVERTY ARE SHAPED BY LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blank,   Rebecca M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18920

FOOD STAMP BENEFITS AND CHILD POVERTY IN THE 1990s
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jolliffe,   Dean; Tiehen,   Laura; Gundersen,   Craig; Winicki,   Joshua.
In 2000, 8.8 million children received food stamps, making the Food Stamp Program a crucial component of the social safety net. Despite its importance, little research has examined the effect of food stamps on children's overall well-being. Using the Current Population Survey from 1989 to 2001, we consider the impact of food stamps on three measures of poverty - the headcount, the poverty gap, and the squared poverty gap. These measures portray the incidence, depth, and severity of poverty. We find that in comparison to the headcount measure, food stamp benefits lead to large reductions in the poverty gap and squared poverty gap measures. We then simulate the effects of several changes in the distribution of food stamps and find that a general...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food stamps; Children; Poverty; Current Population Survey; Sample design; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33833

Pengembangan agribisnis berbasis palawija di Indonesia: perannya dalam peningkatan ketahanan pangan dan pengentasan kemiskinan: prosiding seminar nasional, Bogor, 13 Juli 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
This book is a proceeding of a national seminar on the development of secondary crops-based agribusiness in Indonesia: its role in improving food security and poverty alleviation. The seminar was initiated by UNCAPSA and Indonesian Centre for Food Crops Research and Development (ICFORD). It was attended by farmers, agribusiness players, researchers, agricultural scientists and policy planners. Aspects discussed cover a wide domensions including research and development, strategy/policy and programmes to develop agroindustrial sector, marketing and trade, success stories, as well as problems faced by farmers.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: AGROINDUSTRIAL SECTOR; FOOD CROPS; MARKETS; MARKETING; PROCESSING; FOOD SECURITY; POVERTY; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96658

The Integration of Tomato Markets in Ghana with and without Direct Trade Flows
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ihle,   Rico; Amikuzuno,   Joseph.
Spatial market equilibrium theory views trade flow as the driving force behind market integration. We assess spatial price transmission between domestic tomato markets in Ghana to ascertain whether spatial price transmission veritably depends on direct trade between markets, or whether other forces drive market integration. We analyze a unique data set on tomato trade consisting of semi-weekly price and trade flow data for the five most important Ghanaian markets for fresh tomato, which represents one of the most important commercially produced and consumed vegetables in the country. A regime-dependent vector error correction model is proposed to investigate this question, and the results are compared with those of a linear vector error correction model....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Keywords— spatial market integration; Regime-dependent vector error correction model; Information flow; Ghana; Tomato.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; JEL: C32; Q11; Q13; F14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51402

Evaluating the 1996 EU food aid reform:  Did it really lead to better targeting?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maas,   Sarah.
The paper analyses the 1996 EU food aid reform and addresses the question of its impact on improving EU food aid allocation in terms of reaching those countries which are most vulnerable to food insecurity. Using a two-stage regression model the analysis finds that EU food aid in kind is increasingly targeted towards developing countries affected by food insecurity. Most importantly, characteristics such as low calorie supply and balance-of-payments difficulties gained in importance in EU food aid allocation during the recent years. However, even though progress is noticeable, the results suggest a lack of coordination between the EU and other food aid donors which exacerbates food aid variability and may lower aid effectiveness.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: EU food aid; Policy reform; Political economy; Two-stage model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; O13; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51618

Smallholder Cashew Development Opportunities and Linkages to Food Security in Nampula Province, Mozambique: Summary of Findings and Implications for Policy, Research and Extension Efforts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mole,   Paulo Nicua.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Cashew; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56043

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE FOOD ASSISTANCE CHOICES OF FOOD NEEDY FAMILIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattarai,   Gandhi Raj; Duffy,   Patricia A.
A bivariate probit model was used to determine public and private food assistance participation among the population below 125 percent poverty level, using the Current Population Survey data. Food stamp use and food pantry use were complements. Household income, food insecurity status, household structure, and rural residence affected participation decisions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35175

Regional Differences in Use of Food Stamps and Food Pantries by Low Income Households in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duffy,   Patricia A.; Bhattarai,   Gandhi Raj; Irimia-Vladu,   Marina.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of food stamps and private food assistance in different regions of the country during 1999, a year when food stamp use dropped to its lowest point in the recent past.  Our results show that impoverished families in the South are less likely than those in other regions to obtain private food assistance, although they are more likely than those in the West or Midwest to use food stamps.  Low-income families in the Northeast are also more likely than those in the West or Midwest to use food stamps.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity; Food stamps; Food pantries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19420

Developments In World Dairy Markets, 2002-2006--Implications For The U.S. Dairy Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
This discussion paper summarizes important points from other Babcock Institute discussion papers dating between 2002 and 2006.  The author pulls out points from what he feels are important discussion papers and relates them to the U.S. dairy industry.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Diary Trade Issues; Country Study Issues; Developments in the Diary Industries of Mexico Argentina and Brazil; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37384

EVALUATION OF THE 2006/7 AGRICULTURAL INPUT SUBSIDY PROGRAMME, MALAWI. FINAL REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Chirwa,   Ephraim; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Slater,   Rachel; Boughton,   Duncan.
This report evaluates the 2006/7 Malawi Government Agricultural Input Subsidy Programme (AISP). The main objective of the evaluation is to assess the impact and implementation of the AISP in order to provide lessons for future interventions in growth and social protection. The evaluation combined qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis. Quantitative data were collected through a national survey in 2007 of 2,491 households who were previously interviewed in the 2004/05 Integrated Household Survey, a survey of retail shops selling inputs in six districts and data on stocks and sales from manufacturers, large-scale importers and dealers of fertilizers and seeds. The quantitative data was triangulated by qualitative data from focus...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97143

Agricultural Growth, Poverty, and Nutrition in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie; Thurlow,   James.
Rapid economic growth has failed to significantly improve poverty and nutrition outcomes in Tanzania. This raises concerns over a decoupling of growth, poverty, and nutrition. We link recent production trends to household incomes and caloric availability using a dynamic computable general equilibrium and micro-level poverty and nutrition modules. Results indicate that the structure of economic growth—not the level—is currently constraining the rate of poverty reduction in Tanzania. Agricultural growth has been driven by larger-scale farmers that are less likely to be poor. Growth has further been concentrated in crops grown in only a few regions of the country. Slow expansion of food crops and livestock also explains the weak relationship between...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Poverty; Nutrition; Computable general equilibrium modeling; Tanzania; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95974

Does Limited Access at School Result in Compensation at Home? The Effect of Soft Drink Bans in Schools on Purchase Patterns Outside of Schools
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Rui; Kristin,   Kiesel.
This paper investigates the effects of banning soft drinks in schools on purchases outside of school. We utilize unique household-level and store-level data sources in combination with time-series and cross-sectional variation of state-level regulations in a difference-in-differences (DD) approach. We detect a decrease in the overall trend in sales, but observe this downward trend in households with and without children, as well as in states with and without regulation. Controlling for advertising allows us to further reject that leading brands intensify their advertising efforts and target children to potentially offset their reduced presence at schools. Finally, we find no evidence of substitution effects among possible beverage product alternatives. Our...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Soft drink bans; Soft drink consumption; Scanner data; Schools; Regulation; Difference-in-differences; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; D18; L51; C93.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116417

THE ROLE OF SCHOOLING IN THE ALLEVIATION OF RURAL POVERTY IN ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woldehanna,   Tassew.
The impact of education on farmers' choice of activities and household welfare are modelled and estimated using farm household data for rural Ethiopia.  We find that education has significant effects on household welfare. Schooling increases the adoption of new technologies and facilitates entry into highly profitable farm and non-farm activities, all of which may increase welfare and help farm households escape out of income poverty.  An additional year of schooling in a household increases the welfare by 8.5 percent.  These findings provide a rationale to governments and donor organisations to include the expansion of rural schooling (through encouragement of parents to send their children to school) in their policy reform as a means of reducing material...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Education; Welfare; Poverty and rural Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25877

A Profile of the Northern Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia; Uchezuba,   David Ifeanyi; Bashi,   Molao.
The Northern Cape agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 7% of the Northern Cape value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 5.4% of the population in the Northern Cape is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size; And Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58052

WIC AND THE NUTRIENT INTAKE OF CHILDREN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor; Gundersen,   Craig.
After controlling for self-selection bias, participation in the WIC program (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children) has a significant positive effect on children's intakes of iron, folate, and vitamin B-6.  Iron is one of the five nutrients targeted by the program, the others being protein, calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin C.  Folate and vitamin B-6, along with zinc, were recommended by a 1991 USDA study as nutrients that the program should also target.  The data set used, the 1994-96 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals, reflects the dramatic increase during the 1990's in the number of children in the program.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WIC; Nutrient intake; Self-selection bias; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33803

FIGHTING RURAL POVERTY IN LATIN AMERICA: NEW EVIDENCE AND POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valdes,   Alberto; Lopez,   Ramon E.
We synthesize recent case studies on rural poverty in six Latin American countries, plus two thematic studies. We find that the return to education in farming is surprisingly small; land redistribution increases total farm output, but has mixed effects on income; and urban economic growth significantly reduces rural poverty.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21581

TIERING INCREASES CACFP SPONSORS' ADMINISTRATIVE TASKS:  FOOD ASSISTANCE RESEARCH BRIEF
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ghelfi,   Linda M.
The two-tiered meal reimbursement system instituted in 1997 within the child care homes portion of the Child and Adult Care Food Program added new duties for sponsoring organizations. Is the reimbursement of sponsors' administrative costs adequate now that tiering has added income status determination and accounting to their duties? As the number of sponsors declines, is the CACFP readily accessible to family child care homes?
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33825

Drought and Famine Relationships in Sudan: Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Teklu,   Tesfaye; von Braun,   Joachim; Zaki,   El Sayed.
Sudan experienced severe food shortage and famine during the 1970s and 1980s. For a country known for its vast agricultural resources, this is both unfortunate and ironic. This research report explores the basic factors that contributed to the recurrence of this phenomenon and identifies policies and actions for avoiding famines and achieving sound and sustainable food policies.  The study demonstrates the complexity of policy for prevention, which encompasses macroeconomic reform, promotion of agricultural production and technological change, market development, employment promotion, and interventions for health and nutrition. The researchers extensively investigated all theses aspects from primarily field data gathered before and after the 1984-85...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Famine; Sudan; Droughts; Food relief; Government policy; Drought relief; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42119

Rising demand for livestock products in India: nature, patterns and implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vasant,   P. Ghandi; Zhang-Yue,   Zhou.
With a large population and recent growth in consumer income, India’s demand for food has increased. However, research continues to emphasise basic foods, and the demand for livestock products remains poorly understood. This study examines the demand for livestock products by Indian consumers using national sample survey data. The study shows that there has been a rapid rise in the demand for livestock products in India. Within the livestock products group, milk and milk products hold the dominant share. Our analysis further suggests that India’s rapid rise in the demand for livestock products may far outpace its domestic supply. Implications are discussed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Livestock products; Demand and supply; India; Trade implications; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114421

Rural Development and Poverty Reduction: Is Agriculture Still Key?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anriquez,   Gustavo; Stamoulis,   Kostas G.
This paper examines the relationship between rurality and poverty, and the role the agricultural sector can play in rural development, poverty reduction, and overall development. The historical views regarding the role of the primary sector in development are presented, and then using original data, the paper argues that there was an historical misjudgment against the primary sector that served as a foundation for anti-agricultural bias in public policy until the late 80’s. Finally, this paper explains how under certain conditions territorial/regional development strategies may prosper, but in other conditions, particularly in the least-developed countries rural space, agriculture is still necessarily the starting point for rural development.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Agricultural growth; Poverty reduction; Production linkages; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10; O10; O13.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112591

Do equal land and water rights benefit the poor? Targeted irrigation development:  The case of the Andhi Khola Irrigation Scheme in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Etten,   Jacobijn; van Koppen,   Barbara; Pun,   Shuku.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation programs; Water rights; Poverty; Households; Surveys; Water allocation; Water distribution; Water users’ associations; Farmers; Landlessness; Land ownership; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92697

Analysis of poverty and its covariates among smallholder farmers in the eastern Hararghe highlands of Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bogale,   Ayalneh; Korf,   Benedikt.
This paper analyses the extent and determinants of rural household poverty in the eastern highlands of Ethiopia. We study 216 households using a household consumption expenditure approach. We are particularly interested in the effects of location-specific and institutional factors (networks) in determining the probability of being poor. Our findings suggest that poverty is location-specific, depends on access to irrigated land (not land per se) and access to non-farm income. Results also indicate that household wellbeing is negatively affected by household size, and positively affected by age of household head. Involvement in governance, social and production related networks is also found to be strongly associated with the probability of a household be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural poverty; Ordered probit; Institutional factors; Eastern Hararghe; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51469

Is There Persistence in the Impact of Emergency Food Aid? Evidence on Consumption, Food Security, and Assets in Rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gilligan,   Daniel O.; Hoddinott,   John.
The primary goal of emergency food aid after an economic shock is often to bolster short-term food and nutrition security. However, these transfers also act as insurance against other shock effects, such as destruction of assets and changes in economic activity, which can have lasting deleterious consequences. Although existing research provides some evidence of small positive impacts of timely food aid disbursements after a shock on current food consumption and aggregate consumption, little is known about whether these transfers play a safety net role by reducing vulnerability and protecting assets into the future. We investigate this issue by exploring the presence of persistent impacts of two major food aid programs following the 2002 drought in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Treatment effects; Propensity score matching; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55895

Irrigation against rural poverty: an overview of issues and pro-poor intervention strategies in irrigated agriculture in Asia; Proceedings of National Workshops on Pro-Poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigated Agriculture in Asia, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Vietnam [9-10 August 2001, Colombo, Sri Lanka]
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Water resources; Poverty; Sustainability; Rural development; Irrigated farming; Performance evaluation; Case studies; Large scale systems; Surface irrigation; Water use efficiency; Water scarcity; Water policy; Productivity; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118406

SOCIAL CAPITAL AND POVERTY REDUCTION: TOWARD A MATURE PARADIGM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Robison,   Lindon J.; Siles,   Marcelo E.; Schmid,   A. Allan.
Introduction  The purposes of this paper are: (1) to introduce the social capital paradigm; (2) to present evidence that social capital has an important role in poverty reduction; and (3) to suggest several policy prescriptions for building and using social capital to reduce poverty.  The social capital paradigm includes social capital, networks, socio-emotional goods, attachment values, institutions, and power.  Social capital is a person or group's sympathy for others.  Social capital resides in sympathetic relationships that can be described using networks.  One reason to value social capital is because it can produce economic benefits and if neglected, economic disadvantages.  Another reason to value social capital is because it can be used to produce...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10941

SUPERMARKET CHARACTERISTICS AND OPERATING COSTS IN LOW-INCOME AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: King,   Robert P.; Leibtag,   Ephraim S.; Behl,   Ajay S.
Some hypothesize that poor consumers pay more for food because stores that serve them have higher costs.  We assess how supermarket characteristics and operating costs differ with the percentage of sales from food stamp redemptions.  Results do not support the hypothesis that costs are higher for stores serving the poor.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20361

Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa: New Estimates from Household Expenditure Surveys
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Alderman,   Harold; Aduayom,   Dede.
Reducing food insecurity in the developing world continues to be a major public policy challenge, and one that is complicated by lack of information on the location, severity, and causes of food insecurity. Such information is needed to properly target assistance, evaluate whether progress is achieved, and develop appropriate interventions to help those in need. This research report explores a new method of measuring food insecurity using food data collected as part of household expenditure surveys. Such surveys are routinely undertaken by numerous national governments throughout the developing world, but in the past the resulting food data remained largely unexploited for the purposes of measuring food insecurity. Using data from 12 Sub-Saharan African...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Africa; Sub-Saharan; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37885

Getting More “Bang for the Buck”: Diversifying Subsidies Beyond Fertilizer and Policy Beyond Subsidies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Black,   J. Roy.
Input subsidies are the single greatest expenditure under poverty reduction programs in Zambia. Yet maize yields continue to fall well short of international standards. One major reason appears to be the yield limiting effects of acidity, which is highly common on Zambian soils. We suggest a diversification of the input subsidy scheme beyond fertilizer to include inputs that reduce acidity and raise the yield response to fertilizer application. We further discuss specific recommendations for diversifying productivity investments to put more emphasis on extension and agronomic research.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Marketing; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123209

AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO DEFINING AND  ASSESSING POVERTY THRESHOLDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blaylock,   James R.; Smallwood,   David M.
This paper introduces a new method for defining poverty lines based on an individual' s self-evaluation of the household's present situation.  The proposed method focuses on the minimum household income necessary to purchase food supplies evaluated by society to be barely adequate.  The method is especially useful for evaluation and comparing poverty thresholds derived from different methods.  It is also valuable for comparing the official U.S. poverty guidelines across households of different sizes.  The approach can be extended to include estimation of thresholds differentiated by various household characteristics and comparison of thresholds across these characteristics.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32536

Inquérito ao Sector Familiar da Província de Nampula: O Algodão na Economia Camponesa
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Cotton; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55992

Business orientation and the food security status of small scale producers in the Venda region, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: le Roy,   L.J.P.; van Rooyen,   C.J.; D'Haese,   Luc; de Winter,   A.
Questions addressed in this paper are: How to determine the food status of rural households; and does an agribusiness orientation enhance the food security status of farm families. A study was conducted on two groups of small scale black farmers in the Venda region: one group, agribusiness directed and generally more progressive towards technology, produces mangos and other subtropical fruits (cash crop farmers); the other group concentrates on locally consumed and sold vegetables (food crop farmers). Their food status was quantitatively determined by means of household energy, protein and fat balances and food security determinants were identified. More than 80% of the households had a negative balance for energy, protein or fat. Business orientation and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54201

Enhancing food and livelihood security in the context of the food and financial crisis: challenges and opportunities for small scale rainwater harvesting and conservation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baiphethi,   Mompati N.; Viljoen,   Machiel F.; Kundhlande,   Godfrey; Ralehlolo,   N.G.
The world recently experienced the food and financial crisis. The food crisis was an indicator of the challenges towards sufficiently feeding an increasing world population. Food production through rainfed and irrigated agriculture account for the bulk of the freshwater used globally but the water is still sufficient to meet the MDG goal on hunger reduction. Agricultural water management is thus an important challenge for feeding humanity; creates the need to find sustainable methods of managing water that will include all water users. Some of these methods include rainwater harvesting which has great potential in increasing food production as compared to irrigation. This paper aims to identify challenges and opportunities for small scale rainwater...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Livelihoods; Rainwater harvesting; Household; Yield; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96640

RICE MARKET LIBERALIZATION AND POVERTY IN VIET NAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Goletti,   Francesco.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16534

Managing Food Security Action Programs in Botswana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asefa,   Sisay.
In its 1986 study of poverty and hunger, the World Bank defined food security as  “assess by all people at all times to enough food for active and healthy life.” Based on this  definition, about a quarter of Africa’s population or more than 100 million people are food  insecure, i.e., do not consume enough food to allow for an active and healthy working life. In  seven countries, Ethiopia, Zaire, Uganda, Mozambique, Zambia, and Somalia, about 40% of the  population are food insecure, constituting more than half of the region’s population.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Poverty and hunger; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads October 2008-June 2009: 14; Q18.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54735

Economic Efficiency of Smallholder Irish Potato Producers in Kenya: A Case of Nyandarua North District
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nyagaka,   Daniel; Obare,   Gideon A.; Nguyo,   Wilson.
With declining Irish potato production trends in Kenya this paper identifies and analyses factors that influence the economic efficiency of smallholder Irish potato producers in Kenya by drawing on data from random sample of 130 smallholder farmers from Nyandarua North district. A dual stochastic parametric decomposition technique is used to disaggregate economic efficiency components and a two-limit Tobit model is used to derive efficiency indices as a function of a vector of socio-economic characteristics and institutional factors. Empirical results show decreasing returns to scale in production. The mean economic efficiency is 0.39 with a range of 0.12 - 0.66. Education, access to extension, access to credit and membership in a farmers association...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Productivity; Stochastic frontier functions; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D12; D24; O33; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49917

The Effect of Farm Labor Organization on IPM Adoption. Empirical Evidence from Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beckmann,   Volker; Irawan,   Evi; Wesseler,   Justus.
This paper examines the effect of labor organization on integrated pest management (IPM), using cross section data collected from a participatory farming system survey of 157 durian growers in Chanthaburi, Thailand, in 2005. In contrast to many studies of IPM adoption, this work uses the form of farm labor organization as an endogenous factor for identifying the rate of IPM adoption among durian growers. The instrumental variables method was employed to econometrically relate a set of alleged variables as instruments of labor organization to the rate of IPM adoption. Results show that, among others, farms employing hired labor have a significantly lower adoption rate of IPM.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Labor Organization; IPM Adoption; 2SLS; Farm Labor; Agricultural Extension; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q16; J2; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55767

The global groundwater situation: overview of opportunities and challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shah,   Tushaar; Molden,   David J.; Sakthivadivel,   Ramasamy; Seckler,   David.
Groundwater offers us few but precious opportunities for alleviating the misery of the poor; but it poses many—and daunting—challenges of preserving the resource itself. A big part of the answer is massive initiatives to augment groundwater recharge in regions suffering depletion; but, in the ultimate analysis, these cannot work without appropriate demand-side interventions. The water vision of a world that future generations will inherit will have to be the one in which groundwater plays its full developmental, productive and environmental role but in a sustainable manner; and the framework of action to realize this vision will mean eschewing the current free-for-all in groundwater appropriation and use, and promoting a more responsible management of this...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Groundwater resources; Groundwater depletion; Water scarcity; Water shortage; Poverty; Rural development; River basins; Sustainability; Waterlogging; Salinity; Aquifers; Water pollution; Pumps; Recharge; Water harvesting; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113506

Targeting of and outreach to the poor by rural development nonprofit organizations in Cameroon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balgah,   Roland Azibo; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud.
The importance of nonprofit organizations such as rural development organizations, farmers associations and common initiative groups as drivers of change in rural areas has been generally recognized in the economics of nonprofit organizations. While the economic theories attempt to explain the formation and functioning of nonprofit organizations, the targeting and outreach performance of these organizations has received little attention and at best is empirically divergent. Using the example of a nonprofit rural development organization in North West Cameroon, this paper analyzes the relative poverty of beneficiaries and non beneficiaries of its small scale fish farming program as a proxy for targeting efficiency. Poverty is measured through multiple...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nonprofit organizations; Targeting; Poverty; Cameroon; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; L31; I30; O18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93079

Combating chronic poverty in Uganda: towards a new strategy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ssewanyana,   Sarah N.
Using a panel of 3,572 households in the Northern Uganda Social Action Fund (NUSAF) region interviewed in 2004 and in 2008, the paper provides new evidence on chronic poverty in Uganda. While progress in reducing poverty rates has been impressive from 64.6 percent to 52.2 percent, the levels remain high with a significant number of persistently poor households. Four in every ten households are chronically poor of which 44.9 percent are living in extreme chronic poverty. About 37.8 percent of the households are living in transient poverty of which 67.4 percent escaped poverty during the panel period. The substantial movements out of poverty can perhaps be explained largely by the relative return of peace in the region that enabled households to engage in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Chronic poverty; Poverty dynamics; Panel data; Uganda; Northern Uganda; EPRC; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101713

EFFECTS OF FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION PROGRAMS ON NUTRITION AND HEALTH, VOLUME 1, RESEARCH DESIGN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hamilton,   William L.; Rossi,   Peter H.
This is the first of four reports in the "Nutrition and Health Outcome Study," which assesses the effects of USDA's food assistance and nutrition programs on nutrition and health outcomes. This report reviews the research designs available to evaluators for assessing the effect of USDA's food assistance and nutrition programs. The random assignment experiment is the "gold standard" design for such an evaluation. Where random assignment is impossible, quasi-experimental designs are used to infer what would have happened to program participants if the program had not existed. Eight types of quasi-experimental design are identified as having been used in evaluations of food assistance and nutrition programs, although none can guarantee unbiased estimates of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: USDA’s food assistance and nutrition programs; Nutrition and health outcomes; Research design; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33805

Valuing water in irrigated agriculture and reservoir fisheries:  A multiple-use irrigation system in Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renwick,   Mary E.
Although irrigation projects often provide water for more than crop irrigation, water allocation and management decisions often do not account for nonirrigation uses of water. Failure to account for the multiple uses of irrigation water may result in inefficient and inequitable water allocation decisions. Decision-makers often lack information on the relative economic contributions of water in irrigation and nonirrigation uses. This report addresses this problem. It examines the relative economic contributions of irrigated agriculture and reservoir fisheries in the Kirindi Oya irrigation system, located in southeastern Sri Lanka. The results of the analysis indicate the importance of both irrigated paddy production and reservoir fisheries to the local...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Water management; Irrigation programs; Irrigated farming; Rice; Production costs; Income; Economic evaluation; Water allocation; Water delivery; Fisheries; Reservoirs; Productivity; Crop production; Models; Family labor; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44569

Effects of Market Reform on Access to Food by Low-Income Households: Evidence from Four Countries in Eastern and Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Rubey,   Lawrence; Tschirley,   David L.; Mukumbu,   Mulinge; Chisvo,   Munhamo; Santos,   Ana Paula; Weber,   Michael T.; Diskin,   Patrick K.
This report analyzes the effects of grain market reform and food subsidy elimination in Eastern and Southern Africa on access to food for low-income consumers. The report also assesses the potential to use "self-targeted commodities" to improve vulnerable groups access to food though market development strategies and food aid programs. While much research has been devoted to understanding how producers and traders would respond to reform of staple food markets, relatively little is known about the potential or actual responses by consumers. The report presents recent findings from six household-level surveys in urban areas of Zimbabwe, Kenya, Zambia, and Mozambique between 1991 and 1994. Secondary data from South Africa and Malawi are also presented where...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 12.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54052

Can health warnings and nutritional information lower welfare?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perloff,   Jeffrey M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Benefit-cost analysis; Competition; Health; Monopolies; Nutrition; Welfare economics; Food Security and Poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47006

The Impact of Global Cotton Markets on Rural Poverty in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Orden,   David; Salam,   Abdul; Dewina,   Reno; Nazli,   Hina; Minot,   Nicholas.
The incidence of rural poverty in Pakistan increased during the late 1990s after having declined during the 1980s and early 1990s. A number of structural factors have been identified as contributing to rural poverty in Pakistan. Among them are low levels of health and education spending and the unequal of farmland distribution. These structural factors help explain the levels of poverty in Pakistan, but not the increase in poverty in the late 1990s. One hypothesis is that the increase in rural poverty is the result of an adverse trend in world commodity prices, particularly cotton, a major commercial crop, and other agricultural commodities such as wheat, rice, and sugar. The overall objective of this paper is to measure the impact of changes in world...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21381

Food Security in Southwest Pacific Island Countries; Proceedings of a Workshop Held in Sydney, Australia, December 12-13, 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simatupang,   Pantjar; Fleming,   Euan M.
This proceedings is a record of a regional workshop on "Food Security in the Southwest Pacific Island Countries", convened to discuss the findings and strategies achieved in a two-year research project "Food Security Strategies for Selected South Pacific Island Countries". The national experts of the participating countries: Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Vanuatu, presented reports of their country studies and the commentators from each country provided additional information.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32711

THE ROLE OF FOOD FOR PEACE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berg,   Sherwood O.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1961
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17625

Animal Disease Pre-Event Preparedness versus Post-Event Response:  When is it Economic to Protect?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elbakidze,   Levan; McCarl,   Bruce A.
We examine the economic tradeoff between the costs of pre-event preparedness and post-event response to the potential introduction of an infectious animal disease.  In a simplified case study setting, we examine the conditions for optimality of an enhanced pre-event detection system considering various characteristics of a potential infectious cattle disease outbreak, costs of postevent response actions.  We show that the decision to invest in pre-event preparedness activities depends on such factors as probability of disease introduction, disease spread rate, relative costs, ancillary benefits, and effectiveness of mitigation strategies.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Animal disease; Economic balance; Mitigation strategies; Preparedness; Response; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Q1; Q18; D81.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43768

The Role of Agriculture in Central and Eastern European Rural Development: Engine of Change or Social Buffer?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahrens,   Heinz; Balint,   Borbala; Baltag,   Grigore; Bezlepkina,   Irina V.; Blaas,   Gejza; Bojnec,   Stefan; Borisova,   Victoria; Brelik,   Agnieszka; Cimpoies,   Dragos; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan; Danilowska,   Alina; Drlik,   Jan; Fock,   Theodor; Gallerani,   Vittorio; Galushko,   Viktoriya; Golemanova,   Antoaneta; Greif,   Franz; Hager,   Astrid; Hann,   Chris; Horska,   Hana; Huirne,   Ruud B.M.; Jansik,   Csaba; Jechlitschka,   Kurt; Kinnucan,   Henry W.; Kirschke,   Dieter; Krypa,   Nada; Malik,   Mykola; Matsibora,   Tetyana; Mishev,   Plamen Dimitrov; Nedyalkov,   Anton; Oskam,   Arie J.; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.; Petrick,   Martin; Pelse,   Modrite; Petrikov,   Alexander; Raggi,   Meri; Ratinger,   Tomas; Revishvili,   Zurab; Rodionova,   Galina; Samoggia,   Antonella; Sarris,   Alexander H.; Savastano,   Sara; Sedik,   David J.; Senczyszyn,   Jaroslaw; Spesna,   Daniela; Tritten,   Christian; Tyran,   Ewa; Valentinov,   Vladislav; Viaggi,   Davide; Wegener,   Stefan; Weingarten,   Peter; Zmija,   Janusz.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93023

IS A PUBLIC REGULATION OF FOOD PRICE VOLATILITY FEASIBLE IN AFRICA? AN ARCH APPROACH IN KENYA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maitre d'Hotel,   Elodie; le Cotty,   Tristan; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The 2007-2008 food crisis and current food price swings led economists to re-evaluate the potential for policy instruments to manage food price volatility. Many developing countries recently pursued price regulation policies, but the difficulties of these policies in promoting price stability is not fully understood. In particular, the ability of a stabilization policy to lower food price volatility does not depend on the nature of the policy instrument only, but also on the institutional conditions of its implementation. Kenya is a particularly interesting case as it is characterized by a rather long tradition of public intervention, and by the persistence of highly volatile prices. The consistency of the policy use appears to be key factor influencing...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Volatility; Predictability; Consistency; Food; Policy; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; D84; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122551

SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE A KINSHASA: UN FACE A FACE QUOTIDIEN AVEC L'ADVERSITE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31855

INUNDACIONES, ASISTENCIA EN ALIMENTOS Y MERCADOS DE ALIMENTOS EN BANGLADESH: LIDIANDO CON UNA EMERGENCIA NACIONAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: del Ninno,   Carlo; Dorosh,   Paul A.; Smith,   Lisa C.; Roy,   Dilip.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16512

Smallholder Income and Land Distribution in Africa: Implications for Poverty Reduction Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Yamano,   Takashi; Weber,   Michael T.; Tschirley,   David L.; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Chapoto,   Antony; Zulu,   Ballard; Neven,   David.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 15.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11295

Food QUALITY VERIFICATION: WHO DO CONSUMERS TRUST?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hobbs,   Jill E.; Innes,   Brian G.; Uzea,   Adrian D.
Food markets are increasingly characterized by an array of quality assurances with respect to credence attributes, many of which relate to agricultural production methods. A variety of organizations are associated with these quality assurance claims, including private, third party and public sector organizations. How do quality verifications from different sources affect consumer food choices? Who do consumers trust for assurances about credence attributes? This paper draws upon two recent studies to explore Canadian consumer attitudes toward environmental quality claims in a bread product and animal welfare quality claims in a pork product, along with attitudes toward quality verification from different sources. Analysis from two discrete choice...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Animal welfare; Environment; Quality verification; Heterogeneity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q13; Q18; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116425

THE UNIVERSITY'S ROLE IN PROGRAMS ON RURAL POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bishop,   Charles E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1968
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17866

WATER AND FOOD TO 2025: POLICY RESPONSES TO THE THREAT OF SCARCITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Cai,   Ximing; Cline,   Sarah A.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15901

THE TRANSITION IN THE CONTRIBUTION OF LIVING AQUATIC RESOURCES TO FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williams,   Meryl J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16354

Natural Resources, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wiebe,   Keith D.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33608

An Analysis of Food Safety Events on Consumers’ Confidence and Consumers Attitude towards Preparedness of U.S. Food System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hill,   Jessica I.; Bharad,   Abhishek Bhagwat; Harrison,   R. Wes; Kinsey,   Jean D.; Degeneffe,   Dennis J.
Every year hundreds of food recalls are made due to contamination. The main focus of this paper is to examine the effects of specific food events on consumers’ confidence in food safety as well as their preparedness regarding the United States food system. The food events studied in this are major food-borne illnesses outbreaks and recalls that have occurred since May 2008. The three events chosen included: the salmonella outbreak in jalapeno and Serrano peppers occurring in 2008, the salmonella outbreak in peanut butter occurring in 2009, and the E.coli outbreak in Nestle cookie dough occurring in 2009. An ordered probit model was used to measure the effects that these specific foodborne illnesses had on consumers’ confidence. The results revealed that...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Food system; Food recalls; Ordered probit; Consumer confidence; Consumer attitudes; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123174

DEMAND FOR TANF IN MISSISSIPPI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swindell,   James W., Jr.; Martin,   Steven W.; Reinschmiedt,   Lynn L.; Hudson,   Darren.
The federal to state devolution of welfare programs accent the need for state and local policy makers to anticipate aggregate welfare demand.  Pooled regression analysis using six years of county-level Mississippi TANF data identified effects of rurality, education, unemployment, poverty levels, and family structure on caseload numbers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21680

Developing a Research and Action Agenda for Examining Urbanization and Caregiving: Examples from Southern and Eastern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Engle,   Patrice L.; Menon,   Purnima; Garrett,   James L.; Slack,   Alison.
The UNICEF-expanded model for nutrition is used to analyze the circumstances of care in urban environments. The model postulates that there are six major types of care behaviors: feeding and breast-feeding, food preparation and handling, hygiene behavior, psychosocial care, care for women, and home health practices. These behaviors require the resources of education and knowledge of the caregivers, the physical and mental health of caregivers, autonomy in decisionmaking, time availability, and the social support of the family and community in order to ensure adequate care for the child. This paper describes each of these constraints, and two of the behaviors (feeding and health care utilization) in urban and rural areas. Data from Demographic and Health...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Child Feeding; Food handling; Urban health; Urbanization; Education; Research; Gender; Health and Nutrition; Education; Childcare and work; Livelihoods; Urban programming; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97296

Principais Lições Do Seminário Sobre Perspectivas Para Comercialização Agrícola E Segurança Alimentar Em Moçambique Para O Ano Comercial 2004/2005.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mabota,   Anabela; Arlindo,   Pedro; Paulo,   Antonio M.; Donovan,   Cynthia.
Resultados das Investigações do SIMA-Dest e Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economia
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55246

25 Years of Food Policy Research: Reflections by Per Pinstrup-Anderson
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per.
On the occasion of IFPRI's 25th anniversary, the author has selected a few subjects where the Institute has made an important and recognized contribution to food policy research, either by itself or, more frequently, with others. In each case the topic has broad application and the research includes innovative conclusions or methodology. This has necessarily meant looking more to the past than the present, although in many cases the work is continuing and promises a good deal more, in addition to what has already been achieved. He addresses IFPRI's accomplishments and the influence it has had on the development community’s views on policy issues and the nature of development in general. These areas are discussed: Global Food Trends, Food Subsidies, Markets...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: International Food Policy Research Institute -- History; Environmental policies; Globalization Food security; Subsidies; Trade; Food policies; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42888

Agricultural Research and Poverty Alleviation: Some International Perspectives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ryan,   James G.
Invited paper for the John L. Dillon AO Commemorative Day on ‘Agricultural Research: Challenges and Economics in the New Millenium’ The University of New England, Armidale NSW Australia, September 20, 2002
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118375

The 30-Year Challenge: Agriculture's Strategic Role in Feeding and Fueling a Growing World
Provedor de dados: 31
To develop this report, Farm Foundation drew on the insights of leaders from business, government, non-governmental organizations and academia. We began with a small group of individuals whose discussions defined the 30-year challenge in six broad categories: 1. global financial markets and recession, 2. global food security, 3. global energy security, 4. climate change, 5. competition for natural resources, and 6. global economic development. Farm Foundation then invited a broader group of leaders to explore each of the six categories, identifying critical strategic problems, alternative strategies and potential policies. Those discussions are the basis of this report. The topics and options presented here are not intended to be inclusive; rather they are...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45719

National Conferencs on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, Volume 3; Proceeding of the Policies, Institutions and Data Needs for Water Management, BMICH, Colomba June 9-11, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Water governance; Organizations; Institutions; Water policy; Water rights; Irrigation management; Participatory management; Farmers organizations; Capacity building; Irrigation efficiency; Water demand; Water supply; Irrigation schemes; Operations; Maintenance; Groundwater management; Models; Economic analysis; Food security; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118415

Prospects of Feed Crops in Southeast Asia: Alternatives to Alleviate Poverty Through Secondary Crops' Development; Proceedings of the Regional Workshop Held in Bogor, Indonesia, September 14-15, 2004
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lokollo,   Erna M.; Hutabarat,   Budiman.
Opening Address, by Yap Kioe Sheng; Prospects of Feed Crops in Southeast Asia: Alternatives to Alleviate Poverty through Secondary Crops' Development, by Erna M. Lokollo and Budiman Hutabarat; The Status and Prospects of Feed Crops in Indonesia, by Dewa K.S. Swastika, Made O.A. Manikmas, Bambang Sayaka, and Ketut Kariyasa; Comments on Country Report of Indonesia: "Prospect of Feed Crops in South East Asia: Alternatives to Alleviate Poverty through Secondary Crops' Development", by Kusuma Diwyanto;  Prospects of Feed Crops in Malaysia, by Tunku Mahmud bin Tunku Yahya and Sarmin bin Sukir;  Comments on Prospects of Feed Crops in Malaysia, by Ibrahim bin Che Embong;  Status and Prospects of Feed Crop Production in the Philippines, by Danilo C. Cardenas and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Feed Crops; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32728

Household Food Security in the United States, 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2005, meaning that they had access, at all times, to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households were food insecure at least some time during that year. The prevalence of food insecurity declined from 11.9 percent of households in 2004 to 11.0 percent in 2005, while the prevalence of very low food security remained unchanged at 3.9 percent. This report, based on data from the December 2005 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure households participated in Federal and community food...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Food spending; Food pantry; Hunger; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7243

TRANSLATING LATENT TRENDS IN FOOD CONSUMER BEHAVIOR INTO NEW PRODUCTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gellynck,   Xavier; Kuhne,   Bianka; Van Wezemael,   Lynn; Verbeke,   Wim.
For successful product development it is important to explore the latent changes in consumer behavior prior to the product development process. The identification of a latent trend before the manifestation moment can be achieved by trend analysis. Trend analysis delivers insights that explore the future in order to identify prospective consumers and new product ideas, but also includes a feeling for the currents in market and technology. Hence, the aim is to identify emerging weak signals in consumer behavior that have potential as large revenue opportunities when implemented into new products. Therefore, the objective of our paper is to provide a novel tool for this identification and how the identified trends can be translated into new products. Until...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: New Product development; Trend analysis; Novel trend implementation tool; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; M31; O31; O32.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116422

Poverty in India and Indian States: An Update
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav.
A complete and updated series on poverty measures for India is presented spanning the period 1951–1994. The series are presented at the all-India level as well as for 15 major states, and for rural and urban sectors separately. Key features of the evolution of poverty in India are described.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; India; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97044

RURAL CHILDREN AT A GLANCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rogers,   Carolyn C.
The number of children in nonmetropolitan (nonmetro) areas increased by 3 percent between 1990 and 2000, compared with a 16-percent increase in metropolitan (metro) areas. A number of nonmetro counties lost population in the 1990s due to outmigration of young families, and the small increase in the number of nonmetro children may reflect that. Although rural child poverty rates declined in the 1990s, they remain higher (21 percent) than the rates for urban children (18 percent). In 2003, 2.7 million rural children under 18 were poor, representing 36 percent of the rural poor. The geographic distribution of child poverty—-heavily concentrated in the South—-is important for targeting poverty reduction policies and programs in nonmetro areas.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33899

Who Gained and Who Lost from Zambia's 2010 Maize Marketing Policies?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonde,   Chewe; Mason,   Nicole M.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Zambia's record-breaking maize harvest of nearly 2.8 million metric tons (MT) in 2010 is a major achievement and a testimony to what input subsidies, output price incentives, and favorable weather can do to elicit a major supply response. Maize-growing smallholders harvested more than in previous years and so have more to eat. Public markets are currently well stocked with maize grain, to the benefit of urban consumers and maize-buying rural households. Farmers who were able to sell their crop to the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) at K65,000 per 50-kg bag, a price well above market levels, have clearly benefited from the bumper crop and FRA‟s involvement in maize marketing. The FRA‟s high buy price and purchase of nearly 900,000 MT of maize are also likely to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Marketing; Agricultural policy; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99610

Indicators for March 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124084

Etude sur les besoins en information des operateurs (importateurs/exportateurs) et des moyens de dissémination. Senegal.
Provedor de dados: 31
Reports (in French) on Stakeholders' Market Information Needs to Engage in Regional Trade. Senegal
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information; Senegal; Agriculture; Food security; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57266

Sensitivity of welfare effects estimated by equilibrium displacement model: a biological productivity growth for semi-subsistence crop in Sub-Sahara African market with high transactions costs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takeshima,   Hiroyuki.
This paper discusses the application of the equilibrium displacement model (EDM) to estimate ex-ante the welfare effects of biological productivity growth for semi-subsistence crop and its impact on poverty reduction. The conventionally used EDM is compared with an alternative model (alternative EDM) that reflects arguably more realistic assumptions for African semi-subsistence crops, such as the shape and shift of supply curve, significant margins due to high transportation costs between farmgate and consumption market, as well as between different consumption markets, and the degree of precisions of estimated structural parameters. The application to the dataset for Benin cassava farmers provides an example that the conventional EDM may significantly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Equilibrium displacement model; Pivotal shift; Cassava; Semi-subsistence; Market margins; Double buffering; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C65; D13; D31; D60; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49287

Regulation of the Electricity Industry in Bolivia: Its Impact on Access to the Poor, Prices and Quality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bojanic,   Antonio; Krakowski,   Michael.
This paper takes stock with the results of utility privatization in Bolivia. This paper deals with the process of structural reforms in this country and the specific results that have to date been accomplished in the electricity industry. It is mostly interested in exploring whether the reformation of this industry contributed to lessen poverty levels and whether in light of the obtained results, a reversal or a continuation of the reform process should take place. The paper shows that coverage of electricity users has grown faster in urban areas ever since the establishment of regulation. Although it is not argued that regulation has caused the increase in electricity consumers, the data does show that a comparatively faster urban growth rate of users...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Regulation; Poverty Reduction; Bolivia; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics; L51; O20; O54.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26201

MEETING TOMORROW'S GLOBAL FOOD NEEDS--A MORAL IMPERATIVE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tweeten,   Luther G.
Percentage increments in global crop and livestock yields are slowing. Percentage increments in global food demand may outstrip growth in food supply, causing food prices to rise to year 2040.  Fortunately, the world seems headed for zero population growth by year 2100 and developed nations face no great economic, technological, or environmental hurdles in feeding themselves well.  Sub-Saharan Africa and selected other developing countries face severe food security problems, however, but none severe enough to justify cutbacks in food production to bring world population in line with global carrying capacity.  Food security is within reach of any country willing to address its socioinstitutional constraints and adopt the proven standard economic model.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28335

Growth and Prosperity: Still the Best Ways of Reducing Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cutbertson,   Sandy.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124436

What are the Dynamic Effects of Fertilizer Subsidies on Household Well‐being? Evidence from Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ricker-Gilbert,   Jacob; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This study uses household level panel data from Malawi to measure the contemporaneous and dynamic impacts of fertilizer subsidies on different indicators of household well‐being. Well‐being is measured in this paper using indicators contained in available survey data, such as area cultivated, maize production, asset wealth, respondent‐stated adequacy of food consumption and respondent-stated life satisfaction. The study uses fixed effects and instrumental variable methods to control for endogeneity caused by the non‐random distribution of targeted fertilizer subsidies. Results indicate that the quantity of subsidized fertilizer acquired by a household has a positive contemporaneous effect on area planted, area planted to maize and maize production at the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96650

OBESITY AND HYPERBOLIC DISCOUNTING: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Hamilton,   Stephen F.; Pofahl,   Geoffrey M.
Behavioral economists maintain that addictions such as alcoholism, smoking and over-eating represent examples of present-bias in decision making that is fundamentally irrational. In this article, we develop a model of present bias and apparently hyperbolic discounting that is fully consistent with rational behavior. We construct an experiment to test our hypothesis and to determine whether discount rates differ for individuals who engage in behaviors that could endanger their health. Our results show that discount functions are quasi-hyperbolic in shape, and that obesity and drinking are positively related to the discount rate. Anti-obesity policy, therefore, would be best directed to informing individuals as to the long-term implications of short-term...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Addiction; Discounting; Experiments; Hyperbolic; Obesity; Time-inconsistency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C91; D12; D91; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116410

IMPACT OF ACCESS TO CREDIT ON INCOME AND FOOD SECURITY IN MALAWI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diagne,   Aliou.
The paper departs from the standard practice that takes the estimated marginal effects of either the amount of credit received or membership in a credit program as measures of the impact of access to credit on household welfare. The marginal effects of the formal credit limit variable on household welfare, controlling for the credit limit from informal sources as well as the credit demanded from both sources, measure the marginal effects of access to formal credit. The main finding of the paper is that access to formal credit, by enabling households to reduce their borrowing from informal sources, has marginally beneficial effects on household annual income. However, these effects are very small and do not cause any significant difference between the per...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94865

Food Aid Targeting in Ethiopia: A Study of Household Food Insecurity and Food Aid Distributions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clay,   Daniel C.; Molla,   Daniel; Habtewold,   Debebe.
This paper examines the efficiency of food aid targeting in rural Ethiopia based on  empirical evidence from a survey of a nationally representative sample of 4,166 farm households  conducted by the Grain Market Research Project (GMRP) of MEDAC in collaboration with the Central  Statistical Authority (CSA). The survey was administered in June 1995 and covered the 12-month  period from the beginning of the 1995 meher harvest to the beginning of the 1996 meher harvest.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55600

Agricultural Recovery and Individual Land Tenure: Lessons from Central Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54714

Spatial and Regional Dimensions of Food Security in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Longabaugh,   Steven; Tschirley,   David L.
Zambia’s population clusters tightly in cities along the north-south line of rail  and in the primarily rural areas of Eastern Province (Figure 1). Staple food consumption and purchases are similarly concentrated in these heavily  populated clusters (Figures 4 and 5). Across the border, several high-density population centers lie close to the Zambian border — in the copperbelt cities of southern DRC, in the highlands of southern Tanzania, in Malawi and in Zimbabwe (Figure 2). This results in sizeable potential food markets for Zambian farmers across the border in southern DRC and, intermittently, in Zimbabwe and Malawi. Zambia’s staple food production and sales likewise cluster spatially in three main areas: along the line of rail, in the large commercial...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Africa; Staple food production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q18; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58544

Natural Resource Management, Food Security and Rural Development in Zambia: Moving From Research to Action
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simasiku,   Phyllis; Chapoto,   Antony; Richardson,   Robert B.; Sichilongo,   Mwape; Tembo,   Gelson; Weber,   Michael T.; Zulu,   Alimakio.
More effective policies are needed to improve access and secure rights to land  and other natural resources for various stakeholders, particularly smallholder  farmers. Service delivery at all levels of governance needs to be restructured and strengthened in order to promote and improve economic development and management of natural resources in both open and protected areas. New strategies are needed for protecting and developing natural resource areas based on appropriate resource management systems that promote broad-based participation and sharing of benefits, and offer potential for more effective  community-based natural resource management. Improvements are needed in natural resource policy and law review processes in order to take better advantage...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Rural development; Natural resource management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q16; Q18; Q27; Q30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58543

When speculation matters
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Robles,   Miguel; Torero,   Maximo; von Braun,   Joachim.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49999

Groundwater policy: issues and alternatives in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moench,   Marcus.
This paper reviews policy-related issues discussed in recent conferences that will affect groundwater development and management efforts in South Asia. Emphasis is given to policy issues surrounding emerging groundwater depletion and quality concerns, and issues concerning the equitable development of groundwater for poverty alleviation. The paper outlines the range of services that depend on groundwater resources and outlines the range of services that depend on groundwater resources to provide these services, and the complications stemming from the fragmented approach taken to water management throughout the region. A range of responses dealing with the management of the physical system is identified. In conclusion , the paper discusses institutional...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Groundwater management; Groundwater extraction; Water policy; Monitoring; Environment; Poverty; Aquifers; Case studies; Salinity; Salt water intrusion; Water quality; Pollution; Water market; Water use efficiency; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113620

Impediments to Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Scale Maize Milling Enterprises in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Orefi,   Abu.
The maize milling industry is highly characterised by continuous growth in maize milling and retailing margins in real terms (Traub and Jayne, 2004) despite the benefits and opportunities brought about by the deregulation of the South African maize market in 1997. This may be indicative of the inability of small and medium-scale maize milling enterprises (SMSMMEs) to emerge and compete with large-scale maize millers. This paper examines the constraints faced by SMSMMEs in South Africa. Data were collected with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Millers were asked to identify the various challenges facing their enterprises. Some key constraints identified were; high transport costs, high maize prices, brand name establishment and government policies...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Enterprises; Maize; Milling; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52123

Counting India’s Food Insecure Is Complicated
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tandon,   Sharad; Landes,   Maurice R.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120839

What Are the Economic Welfare Effects of Local Food Marketing? Exploring Impacts with the Case of Colorado Apples
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hu,   Wenjing; Onozaka,   Yuko; Thilmany,   Dawn D.
This paper explores the welfare changes as a result of changes in prices and quantities of Colorado labeled apples relative to domestically produced apples, using equilibrium displacement model with two-regions: Colorado State and the rest of the United States. The results showed that in the short run producers would lose $300, while in the long run producers would increase supply to capture $263,000 in increased surplus.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Local food marketing; Marketing channel; Market segmentation; Equilibrium displacement model; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103500

Ecosystem Services and Food Security: Economic Perspectives on Environmental Sustainability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richardson,   Robert B.
Food security in developing countries depends in part on the sustainable use of natural resources. Food security is usually examined through three dimensions, namely the availability, access, and utilization of food. Ecosystems directly and indirectly support each of these dimensions through the provision of critical ecosystem services that facilitate agricultural production, create income- generating opportunities, and provide energy for cooking. However, in some cases, household uses of natural resources undermine particular elements of  food security, hindering national poverty reduction strategies and threatening the sustainability of critical ecosystem functions. I examine the role of ecosystem services in rural food security through the lens of its...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental sustainability; Ecosystem; Food security; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98782

LA GOBERNABILIDAD Y LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA EN LA EPOCA DE LA GLOBALIZACION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Robert L.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16350

LAND TENURE AND FOOD SECURITY: A REVIEW OF CONCEPTS, EVIDENCE, AND METHODS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Wiebe,   Keith D.
This paper attempts to build on a conceptual analysis of both land tenure and food security to set various links in a dynamic framework that captures both the effects of access to resources on food security and the effects of food security on access to and use of resources. This framework is used to examine a range of issues arising in empirical research and to discuss their implications for future research related to land policy and food policy. The paper first reviews the conceptual literature on both land tenure and food security and suggests a new conceptual framework that incorporates the dynamic linkages between the two. Second, it reviews the existing empirical literature to raise for discussion a number of issues that mediate suggested linkages and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture--Economic aspects--Research; Food supply--Research; Land research--Methodology; Land tenure--Research; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12752

Poverty and the Rural Non-Farm Economy in Oromia, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van den Berg,   Marrit; Kumbi,   Girma Earo.
The rural non-farm sector has gained increasing importance over the past decades. In much of Africa, this has had limited effect on the poor, who face entry barriers to non-farm activities. As a result, the nonfarm economy does not reduce poverty but increases inequality instead. Some, but not all, evidence for Ethiopia, however, contradicts this general pattern: the poor do participate in the nonfarm economy, but apparently this does not lift them out of poverty. The present paper analyses the relation between non-farm income and inequality in Oromia, the largest state of Ethiopia, where most households rely on rainfed agriculture for their livelihood. The traditional development approach of providing technology and infrastructure to increase agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; J23; J32; O15; Q12.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25689

Rising Food Prices and Declining Food Security: Evidence from Afghanistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna.
In Afghanistan, the 2007/08 rapid rise in wheat prices impacted urban and rural household food security, with observed declines in food consumed, calories, protein, and dietary diversity. Households traded off quality for quantity, moving away from micronutrient-rich foods like meat, fruit, and vegetables toward staples. Food price shocks can exacerbate chronically low levels of nutrient intake in countries with large populations living in poverty with generally poor diets.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121011

Zimbabwe Food Security Success Story: Maize Market Reforms Improve Access to Food Even While Government Eliminates Food Subsidies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Rubey,   Lawrence; Chisvo,   Munhamo; Weber,   Michael T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads June 2008-July 2009: 10.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11326

WHAT IS IT CONSUMERS REALLY WANT AND WHY? THE CASE OF FAT IN MILK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andersen,   Laura M.; Smed,   Sinne.
In this paper we investigate preferences for fat in milk through a structural characteristics model. The data includes information about daily purchases and social and demographic characteristics of approximately 2500 households. We find that consumers who prefer milk with a very high fat content can be reached both by information and prices, while consumers who prefer milk with a moderate to high fat share are not influenced by information, but are price sensitive. This is of great importance since these households drink a lot of milk and thereby get a considerable amount of fat through milk
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fat in milk; Characteristics model; Hedonic prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116455

Poverty Comparisons with Absolute Poverty Lines Estimated from Survey Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.; Arndt,   Channing.
The objective of measuring poverty is usually to make comparisons over time or between two or more groups. Common statistical inference methods are used to determine whether an apparent difference in measured poverty is statistically significant. Studies of relative poverty have long recognized that when the poverty line is calculated from sample survey data, both the variance of the poverty line and the variance of the welfare metric contribute to the variance of the poverty estimate. In contrast, studies using absolute poverty lines have ignored the poverty line variance, even when the poverty lines are estimated from sample survey data. Including the poverty line variance could either reduce or increase the precision of poverty estimates, depending on...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty measurement; Bootstrap; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55894

Criteria to monitor the poverty alleviation, empowerment and institutional performance of equity-share schemes in South African agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gray,   B.C.; Lyne,   Michael C.; Ferrer,   Stuart R.D.
This paper extends a previous study in South Africa aimed at developing methodology for assessing the performance of equity-share schemes. The previous study proposed four broad criteria to measure performance: poverty alleviation; empowerment and participation; institutional arrangements and governance; and financial performance. This paper does not aim to assess the performance of existing equity-share schemes but to develop a methodology for the first three criteria based on empirical analysis of data gathered in 2004 from a land reform project in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal and seven established equity-share schemes in the Western Cape. Poverty alleviation is measured using a transition matrix of households grouped by four different symptoms of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31701

Principaux facteurs qui affectent l’état nutritionnel et de santé des enfants exposés à l’aflatoxine au Bénin: Application du model Probit
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Allomasso,   R.; Coulibaly,   Ousmane; Glitho,   I.; Hell,   Kerstin.
Une enquête diagnostique a été conduite en zones agro-écologiques côtière et guinéenne du Bénin pour évaluer le niveau d’exposition à l’aflatoxine d’origine alimentaire et l’état nutritionnel et de santé des enfants de moins de 5 ans. La régression multiple et une analyse économétrique (Probit) ont été effectuées pour identifie les principaux facteurs qui affectent l’état nutritionnel et de santé de ces enfants. Les résultats de l’analyse du sang montrent que presque tous les enfants (99%) sont testés positifs à l’aflatoxine avec un taux moyen de concentration de 0,56 pg/ml de sang. Les principaux facteurs socioéconomiques dont le revenu hebdomadaire du ménage, la superficie de culture emblavée et le niveau d’éducation formelle font diminuer la...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Facteurs; Aflatoxine; Santé; État nutritionnel; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52212

A Multi-level Analysis of Public Spending, Growth and Poverty Reduction in Egypt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Al-Riffai,   Perrihan; El-Said,   Moataz; Yu,   Bingxin; Kamaly,   Ahmed.
The overarching objective of this report is to use a multi-level analysis approach to assess the effects of various government spending on growth and poverty reduction and their trade-offs between these two goals and to offer future policy options to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The study involves analyses and simulations at the different levels: household, sector/region as well as macro levels. Different analytical tools are used at the different levels. Analyses at the different levels are initially executed independently, but final synergy is drawn through an integrated macro-micro framework. This new approach has enabled us to gain new knowledge as well as new policy insights. The study confirmed previous studies that universal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42813

Implementing a Simplified Method for Predicting Dietary Adequacy in Mozambique: A User's Manual
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rose,   Donald.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food consumption; Diet; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56036

Household Food Security in the United States, 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2007, meaning that all household members had access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life. The remaining households (11.1 percent) were food insecure at least some time during the year. About one-third of food-insecure households (4.1 percent of all U.S. households) had very low food security—meaning that the food intake of one or more adults was reduced and their eating patterns were disrupted at times during the year because the household lacked money and other resources for food. Prevalence rates of food insecurity and very low food security were essentially unchanged from those in 2005 and 2006. The typical food-secure household spent 35 percent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56483

Winner Takes (Almost) All: How WIC Affects the Infant Formula Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor.
USDA's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children— commonly known as WIC—is the largest purchaser of infant formula in the United States. Each State awards a sole-source contract to a formula manufacturer to provide its product to WIC participants. As a result, WIC participants can only redeem their WIC voucher for formula made by the manufacturer that holds the contract for that State.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121014

Climate Volatility and Poverty Vulnerability in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Syud Amer; Diffenbaugh,   Noah S.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Ramankutty,   Navin; Rios,   Ana R.; Rowhani,   Pedram.
Climate volatility will increase in the future, with agricultural productivity expected to become increasingly volatile as well. For Tanzania, where food production and prices are sensitive to the climate, rising climate volatility can have severe implications for poverty. We develop and use an integrated framework to estimate the poverty vulnerabilities of different socio-economic strata in Tanzania under current and future climate. We find that households across various strata are similarly vulnerable to being impoverished when considered in terms of their stratum’s populations, with poverty vulnerability of all groups higher in the 21st Century than in the late 20th Century. When the contributions of the different strata to the national poverty changes...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate; Volatility; Poverty vulnerability; Tanzania; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49358

A Perspective on Food Security in the United States (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carlson,   Steven.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50609

THE ROBUSTNESS OF POVERTY PROFILES RECONSIDERED
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tarp,   Finn; Simler,   Kenneth R.; Matusse,   Cristina; Heltberg,   Rasmus; Dava,   Gabriel.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15978

An Illustrated Guide to Research Findings from USDA's Economic Research Service
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Economic Research Service.
This book contains a sampling of recent ERS research illustrating the breadth of the Agency’s research on current policy issues: from biofuels to food consumption to land conservation to patterns of trade for agricultural products. What you won’t find in this collection is any mention of economists’ favorite analytic tools (regression analyses, for example, and coefficients of variation). We wanted this guide to highlight results, not process. Even so, the findings on display here are all based on rigorous and robust application of such tools as well as use of the latest econometric techniques.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Policy; Risk Management; Food Consumption; Food Nutrition Assistance; Conservation Policy; Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs; Food Security; Agricultural Productivity in the U.S.; Farm Structure; Rural Population; Environmental Interactions; Invasive Species Management; Bioenergy; Global Food Markets; NAFTA; Organic Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58341

A general equilibrium analysis of alternative scenarios for food subsidy reform in Egypt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; El-Said,   Moataz.
"September 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-29). Published as Lofgren, H. and M. El-Said. 2001. Food subsidies in Egypt: reform options, distribution and welfare. Food Policy 26: 65-83.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food policies; Subsidies--Egypt; Equilibrium (Economics)--Models; Consumption (Economics); Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97528

IS ORGANIC FOOD A QUALITY ATTRIBUTE OR A PRODUCT CATEGORY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Denver,   Sigrid; Christensen,   Tove.
The present study investigates the relationships between consumer categorization of organic versus non-organic food products, consumers’ underlying perceptions of organic food, and their propensity to consume organic foods. A choice experiment is used to test these relations in a case study involving consumer preferences for attributes relating to milk. First and foremost, we find a strong link between how consumers categorize food and their organic profile. Second, our study supports earlier findings which indicate that certain socio-demographic variables are important drivers of organic demand together with beliefs in organic foods possessing positive attributes. Third, we find that knowledge concerning a claim stating that milk from grazing cows is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic demand; Separability; Perception of organic foods; Mixtures of logit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116389

HUMAN CAPITAL, MARKET IMPERFECTIONS, POVERTY, AND MIGRATION: EVIDENCE FROM ALBANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Germenji,   Etleva; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
The most dramatic recent immigration in Europe is the influx of more than 700,000 Albanians, about a quarter of the total Albanian workforce, in the 1990s.  The vast majority migrated illegally. This paper analyses the determinants of Albanian migration based on a unique representative survey of rural households. The study confirms that migrants are mostly young, male, and single. Regional variations in migration reflect a combination of cultural and economic factors, including migration costs. However, we find that migrants do not come from the poorest rural households.  Moreover, education has a positive, albeit non-linear, effect on the likelihood of migration. Migration is negatively related with household access to alternative income sources and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31865

Supply Chain Competences: The Case of the Traditional Food Sector in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molnar,   Adrienn; Kuehne,   Bianca; Sebok,   Andras; Gellynck,   Xavier.
Since over the last twenty years the reduction of trade barriers, the increasing liberalisation, the advancement in ICT have determined a growth in the horizontal and vertical competition among firms in the chain. Therefore, today more than ever they are pressured to develop appropriate strategies in order to become more competitive (Montgomery and Porter, 1993; Grant, 1996; Porter, 1996). However, firms nowadays no longer compete as independent entities, but as chains (Fearne, 1998; Van der Vorst et al., 1998; Sahay, 2003; Green and Inman, 2005; Green et al., 2006; Hult et al., 2007; Ketchen and Hult, 2007; Sezen, 2008) and consequently, the dynamic and mutually dependent character of relations in these chains cause a challenge for these firms towards the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supply chain; Food sector; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121998

MOVING FORWARD WUTH COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING: INDICATORS AND RESEARCH PRIORITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Brown,   Kenneth H.; Caulfield,   Laura E.
For a number of reasons, progress in improving child feeding practices in the developing world has been remarkably slow. First, complementary feeding practices encompass a number of interrelated behaviors that need to be addressed simultaneously. Child feeding practices are also age-specific within narrow age ranges, which add to the complexity of developing recommendations and measuring responses. Finally, the lack of clear international recommendations for some aspects of complementary feeding has prevented the development of universal indicators to define optimal feeding. Without appropriate measurement tools, the design and evaluation of programs to improve complementary feeding practices cannot move forward. The present paper is the first systematic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16417

Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven.
Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and corridor development programs.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107458

Rural-urban food, nutrient and virtual water flows in selected West African cities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Drechsel,   Pay; Graefe,   Sophie; Fink,   Michael.
Impacts of increasing population pressure on food demand and land and water resources have sparked interest in nutrient and water balances and flows at a range of scales. In IWMI Research Report 115, it was tried for the first time to quantify rural-urban food flows for selected cities in Ghana and Burkina Faso to analyse their dependency on food supplied from rural vs. peri-urban vs. urban farming. Both, the urban nutrient and water footprints are closely interlinked. Currently, 80-95 percent of the domestic water used and the nutrients consumed go to waste without treatment or resource recovery. The economic dimensions are significant. Options to reduce the environmental burden by closing the rural-urban water and nutrient cycles are discussed.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food consumption; Water quality; Nutrients; Urban agriculture; Food production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44518

Human Milk: An Invisible Food Resource
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hatloy,   Anne; Oshaug,   Arne.
Human milk is a food that meets all conditions for an infant's nutrition security and is the most important food for more than 10 percent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa (children less than three years of age). Statistics on production of human milk at local and national levels are lacking for Africa. In this paper, the quantity of human milk production in Mali, Senegal, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe is estimated. The annual production in the urban and rural areas in a county in Mali is estimated at 13 and 17 kilograms per capita, respectively. National annual median production is estimated to be between 144,000 (Mali) and 1.3 million metric tons (Nigeria), and production per capita between 8 (Zimbabwe) and 15 kilograms per year (Mali). In Sub-Saharan...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Food Security; Human Nutrition; Public health; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97292

THE DETERMINANTS OF FOOD STAMP PROGRAM PARTICIPATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Epperson,   James E.; Huang,   Chung L.; Fletcher,   Stanley M.; Scearce,   W. Keith.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29498

Consumption Growth and Agricultural Shocks in Rural Madagascar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thomas,   A.-C.; Gubert,   F.; Frahan,   Bruno Henry de.
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of rainfall and agricultural shocks on consumption growth in Madagascar. We are also interested in the impact of local endowments in infrastructures and social services on consumption growth. To achieve this goal, a micro model of household consumption growth is estimated thanks to household panel data collected by the Reseau des Observatoires Ruraux (ROR) between 1999 and 2004. Additional data sources include the 2001 communes census organized by the Ilo program of Cornell University. Altogether these different data sources make an unusually rich data set, at least when considered with developing country standards. We use panel data fixed effect estimation technique to remove unobserved household and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risks; Growth; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43610

Do the Poor Pay More for Food? Item Selection and Price Differences Affect Low-Income Household Food Costs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaufman,   Phillip R.; MacDonald,   James M.; Lutz,   Steve M.; Smallwood,   David M.
Low-income households may face higher food prices for three reasons: (1) on average, low-income households may spend less in supermarkets--which typically offer the lowest prices and greatest range of brands, package sizes, and quality choices; (2) low-income households are less likely to live in suburban locations where food prices are typically lower; and (3) supermarkets in low-income neighborhoods may charge higher prices than those in nearby higher income neighborhoods. Despite the prevailing higher prices, surveys of household food expenditures show that low-income households typically spend less than other households, on a per unit basis, for the foods they buy. Low-income households may realize lower costs by selecting more economical foods and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34065

THE IMPACT OF IMPROVED MAIZE GERMPLASM ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION: THE CASE OF TUXPENO-DERIVED MATERIAL IN MEXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bellon,   Mauricio R.; Adato,   Michelle; Becerril,   Javier; Mindek,   Dubravka.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15989

Gender issues and women's participation in irrigated agriculture:  The case of two private irrigation canals in Carchi, Ecuador
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bastidas,   Elena P.
Defines the degree of women's involvement in irrigated agriculture and water users associations in two private irrigation canals in Ecuador and identifies factors that limit their involvement. Analyzes the effects of intra-household dynamics and the women's urban/rural backgrounds on participation.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Women in development; Gender; Labor; Privatization; Households; Irrigated farming; Irrigation canals; Water users' associations; Participatory management; Water allocation; Case studies; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44576

Behavioral Economics, Food Assistance, and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.
While there is mixed evidence of the impact of food assistance programs on obesity, there is general agreement that the food-insecure are at higher risk of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Food assistance programs, originally designed to overcome a lack of available food, now need to confront a very different problem: how to provide for the food-insecure while encouraging healthy lifestyles. This paper examines the potential to address these competing needs using traditional economic policies (manipulating information or prices) versus policies engaging behavioral economics and psychology.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Behavioral economics; Food insecurity; Obesity; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10220

Land Sovereignty and Tree-Planting in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Betz,   Michael R.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Trees; Tree planting; Uganda; Land; Land rights; Sovereignty; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103534

Relations with the Third World: Views on the North-South Dialogue and Food Security - The United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanrahan,   Charles E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50857

Staple Food Prices in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rashid,   Shahidur.
Prepared for the COMESA policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25‐26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q18; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58552

Tracing the Poverty Impact of Market Reforms in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; Bhuiyan,   Nazmul; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper analyse the impact of market reforms on poverty in Bangladesh. To estimate the poverty impact at household level, a binary logit model has been estimated with two latest waves of  household income and expenditure data from Bangladesh. The results show that a significant improvement has been made in reducing poverty in the recent decades. As a net importing country, liberalization might has direct impact on household’s real income through the changes of real rice prices. The results also show that net rice buyer households are poorer than net rice sellers. So, decreased rice prices in domestic markets induced by liberalization have benefited the net rice buyers in Bangladesh, hence poverty declines.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market reforms; Poverty; Bangladesh; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123758

Emergency Needs Assessments and the Impact of Food Aid on Local Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; McGlinchy,   Megan; Staatz,   John M.; Tschirley,   David L.
This desk study is designed to assist WFP and other humanitarian agencies in  understanding markets as they relate to emergencies, particularly the assessment of the impacts  of emergencies and food aid deliveries on local commodity markets.  In this work, we will focus  on the impact of actual food commodity distribution on commodity markets, one of the most common  emergency response alternatives.  However, the report widens the debate to assist humanitarian  agencies in seeing the link between actions taken by and with households and individuals during  and after an emergency, the effects those actions have on markets, but also effects that market  structure and performance may have in mitigating food insecurity.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54566

Anticipating and Responding to Drought Emergencies in Southern Africa: Lessons from the 2002-2003 Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Nijhoff,   Jan J.; Arlindo,   Pedro; Mwiinga,   Billy; Weber,   Michael T.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This paper examines the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency response in southern Africa through the lens of the 2002/03 food crisis in the region. The authors outline improvements in information and operational procedures needed to enhance the response to future events. They also discuss national and regional trade regime changes that would reduce the need for emergency response, and consider what lessons the 2002/03 crisis may have for the role of Strategic Grain Reserves (SGRs).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Drought; Emergency; Southern Africa; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54564

Food Insecurity Up in Recessionary Times
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andrews,   Margaret S.; Nord,   Mark.
U.S. food insecurity was at a record-high level in 2008; following the less severe 2001 recession, food insecurity continued to worsen through 2004.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122561

The Role Of Rural Women In Labor And Decision Making For Buffalo Enterprise In Egyptian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soliman,   Ibrahim.
This article investigated the rural woman share in labor use her role and in decision-making. of the expenditure pattern of the income generated from the milk activity from Egyptian buffaloes on the conventional Egyptian farm. The analysis dealt with answering the following questions: Who receives this income? What are the channels through which this income is spent (Consumption versus investment and saving)? The study focused upon the share of the farmer’s wife, the farmer himself, both together, other adult women members and other adult men members of the household. The study relied upon cross section seasonal data generated from a purposive sample survey conducted in three villages of Governorates (Sharkia and Gharbia) in Egyptian Nile Delta, in the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Density of family labor used; Opportunity Cost of Labor; Opportunity Cost of Rural Women's labor; Expenditure Pattern of Farm income; Role of Women Spending the Generated Income; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/208994

The impact of support for imports on food security in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rusastra,   I Wayan; Napitupulu,   Togar Alam; Bourgeois,   Robin.
This study on the impact of import support on food security was conducted in eight developing countries -including Indonesia- that were facing food insecurity and were recipients of subsidized exports and food aid. In Indonesia, the analysis of import flows in comparison with overall production and consumption data led to the selection of the three import substitute commodities, soybean, sugar and milk, that were the focus of this study. The objective of the study was to provide an analysis of the national impact of export support measures on food security, by taking into account their impact on the producers and consumers of the three commodities.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: IMPORTS; EXPORTS; FOOD; ECURITY; SOYBEANS; SUGAR; MILK; FOOD AID; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96656

POBREZA E DESIGUALDADE DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA ENTRE FAMÍLIAS RESIDENTES NA ZONA RURAL DE MATO GROSSO (2004 E 2006)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pereira,   Benedito Dias; Faria,   Alexandre Magno; Silva,   Gerson Rodrigues; Zavala,   Arturo Zavala; Freitas,   Aprigio Guilherme.
O presente trabalho estuda a desigualdade da distribuição de renda, assim como a pobreza das famílias residentes nas áreas rurais de Mato Grosso, em 2004 e 2006, com base nos microdados da PNAD do IBGE. Desempenhando importante função na análise, decompõe-se aditivamente o coeficiente de Gini por fontes de rendimento, para se identificar a contribuição relativa de uma determinada fonte de renda na desigualdade de renda total. Dentre os principais resultados encontrados, verifica-se que há elevada desigualdade na distribuição de renda entre as famílias rurais mato-grossenses. Destaca-se, ademais, que renda advinda das atividades agrícolas contribui para aumentar essa desigualdade. Por sua vez, os indicadores de pobreza, entre 2004 e 2006, sugerem incremento...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desigualdade; Distribuição; Pobreza; Inequality; Distribution; Poverty; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113982

TARGETING THE POOR IN MEXICO: AN EVALUATION OF THE SELECTION OF HOUSEHOLDS FOR PROGRESA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Davis,   Benjamin; de la Vega,   Sergio.
This report reevaluates PROGRESA’s targeting methods since the program began adding beneficiary households through a process called “densification.” The authors first evaluate PROGRESA’s accuracy in targeting both at the community and household levels. Second, they evaluate the targeting in terms of its impact on poverty alleviation relative to other feasible methods assuming the same total budget. The first step is accomplished by comparing PROGRESA’s method to an alternative selection method based on household consumption. For the second task, the costs associated with different schemes are compared for their effects on the budget available for poverty alleviation. Schemes considered include uniform transfers that involve no targeting, targeting based on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16463

The Impact of CAFTA on Poverty, Distribution, and Growth in El Salvador
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morley,   Samuel A.; Nakasone,   Eduardo; Pineiro,   Valeria.
In this paper we develop a dynamic CGE model to examine the impact of CAFTA on production, employment and poverty in El Salvador. We model four aspects of the agreement: tariff reductions, quotas, changes in the rules of origin for maquila and more generous treatment of foreign investment. The model shows that CAFTA has a small positive effect on growth, employment and poverty. Tariff reduction under CAFTA adds about .2% to the growth rate of output up to 2020. Liberalizing the rules of origin for maquila has a bigger positive effect on growth and poverty mainly because it raises the demand for exportables produced by unskilled labor. We model the foreign investment effect by assuming that capital inflows go directly to capital formation. This raises the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CAFTA; El Salvador; Growth; Poverty; CGE model; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42356

Analyse des prix de parité en Afrique de l’Ouest : Le cas du riz depuis la crise de 2007-2008. Rapport de synthèse provisoire.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Boubacar Cisse; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Staatz,   John M.
ATELIER REGIONAL DE VALIDATION DE L’ETUDE SUR LES PRIX DE PARITE DU RIZ EN AFRIQUE DE L’OUEST
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Parity price; Rice; Mali; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57243

A BERNOULLIAN'S GUIDE TO THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Godden,   David P.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9146

ORGANIZATION FOR BREAKING THE POVERTY CYCLE IN RURAL AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Esser,   George H., Jr.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17527

Mudanças no Mercado e na Produção para Melhorar a Segurança Alimentar em Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Abdula,   Danilo Carimo; Weber,   Michael T.
Resultados de pesquisa do Departmento de Análise de Políticas, MINAG, Direcção de Economia
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Maize; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55249

Poverty and livelihoods in rural South Africa: Investigating diversity and dynamics of livelihoods. Case studies in Limpopo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perret,   Sylvain R.; Anseeuw,   Ward; Mathebula,   F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60885

National School Lunch Program Participation Up 57 Percent Since 1969
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Musiker,   Melissa.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124088

The Farmers' Plea to Environmentalists
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Avery,   Dennis T.
This paper critically examines linkages between alternative farming practices and environmental quality. Environmental impacts of high-yield farming are contrasted to those of low-yield farming. Traditional low-yield farming systems, while being promoted by environmental groups, have resulted in massive famine, higher cancer rates, soil erosion, and losses in wildlife habitat. Organic farming and other low-yield systems are land intensive and invade marginal farmland, thereby destroying wildlife habitat and biodiversity. Low-yield farming has not and cannot produce enough food to meet the food needs of the world’s population. By contrast, high-yield farming minimizes land use for food production and increase the availability of land for wildlife habitat...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: High-yield farming; Environmental quality; Wildlife habitat; Biodiversity; Population growth; Hunger; Free trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90375

Impacts of agricultural trade liberalization on poverty: sensitivity of results to factors mobility among sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gerard,   Francoise; Piketty,   Marie-Gabrielle.
The Purposes of this paper are twofold (i) to evaluate changes in welfare gains and their distribution due to trade liberalization when imperfect labor markets are considered, (ii) to evaluate the impact of the recent reforms of the European agricultural policy on the world welfare. The results of two versions of a dynamic world computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, using the GTAP database version 6 are compared. In the first version, a standard world CGE approach is followed with perfect labor mobility across sectors. In the second version we assume that labor shifts freely within the aggregated sectors -agriculture, manufactures, services- but not across them .After a brief description of the two versions, changes in welfare, represented not only...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7903

Japan Agriculture Policy Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gilmour,   Brad; Gurung,   Rajendra Kumar.
Japan, with a population of about 125 million, is a major importer of agricultural products. Japan's mountainous topography limits the area available for farming, with a total cultivated land area of around 4.8 million hectares. Farm holdings are small, averaging just over 1.5 hectares.  Japan has producer support levels among the highest in OECD, driven in part by food security concerns and memories of food shortages during World War II and its aftermath. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF) has used a combination of border measures, domestic policies including direct budgetary payments, regulation and mandated administrative processes to support domestic production.  This policy note first provides an overview of the policies that...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Japan; Agricultural policy; Demographic change; Adjustment; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46671

IFPRI FORUM, JUNE 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Transforming Ideas Into Action; Food Security When the Fighting Stops; High-level food safety meeting; A safe space to discuss GM; Policy process puzzles; Giving water rights their due; James Morris, executive director, World Food Programme; Biofortification; Out of the economic doldrums; The G8 and rural poor people: time for better global governance;
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16503

Main problems of agriculture and rural areas in Poland in the period of transformation and integration with European Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zegar,   Jozef St.; Florianczyk,   Zbigniew.
Problems currently observed in Polish agriculture have different origins. Some of them have an historical background, while others are related to systemic transformation and forthcoming accession to the European Union. Most of the problems are common for all the candidate countries and most of them are also observed in the developed economies. Identification of these problems is the main purpose of this article. Special attention is paid to natural, human and capital resources available in rural areas. Possible development paths are pointed out. The article also covers most of the opportunities that may help overcome rural development problems in Poland in the wake of forthcoming accession, and their limitations.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Agricultural incomes; Human capital; Sustainable development; EU enlargement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; 01; Q01; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122354

AGRICULTURE IN CANADA: WHO WILL GROW THE FOOD?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerohl,   Mel L.; Unterschultz,   James R.
Key issues in the current agricultural debate include the future of family farms, levels of government support for farms, the roles of marketing institutions and the effect of new trade arrangements. In part, these issues have arisen because of recent price volatility, but the agricultural debate has also raised basic questions: Can farming in Canada survive, and if so, what will the new farms look like? The future of farming is approached through evidence on land values and assessments of alternative land use. The future structure of farms is approached through a review of farm size, location and product mix. Farm sizes are increasingly bi-modal, with small farms relatively insulated from farm markets, and large specialized farms dependent on the market...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36394

Poverty Effects of the Minimum Wage: The Role of Household Employment Composition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fields,   Gary S.; Han,   Baran; Kanbur,   Ravi.
sector employment, uncovered sector employment, and unemployment. The impact of these labor market adjustments on absolute poverty will depend on how the pattern of employment composition changes within households and on how income is shared within households. An earlier paper (Fields and Kanbur, 2007) focused on the income-sharing dimension of the problem. The present paper focuses on household employment composition. For a particular structure of the labor market— one with good jobs, bad jobs, unemployment, and adult and youth workers— and with a particular model of how the sectoral patterns of employment are translated into household employment composition, we analyze the impact of minimum wages on a class of absolute poverty measures. The precise...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Minimum wage; Poverty; Labor market; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51147

SOME URBAN FACTS OF LIFE: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Garrett,   James L.
This review of recent literature explores the challenges to urban food and nutrition security in the rapidly urbanizing developing world. The premise of the manuscript is that the causes of malnutrition and food insecurity in urban and rural areas are different due primarily to a number of phenomena that are unique to or exacerbated by urban living. These areas include (1) a greater dependence on cash income; (2) weaker informal safety nets; (3) greater labor force participation of women and its consequences for child care; (4) lifestyle changes, particularly diet and exercise patterns; (5) greater availability of public services, but questionable access by the poor; (6) greater exposure to environmental contamination; and (7) governance by a new, possibly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94521

Effects of the CDM on Poverty Eradication and Global Climate Protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rubbelke,   Dirk T.G.; Rive,   Nathan.
In an impure public good model we analyze the effects of CDM transfers on poverty as well as on the global climate protection level. We construct an analytical model of a developing and an industrialized region, both of which independently seek to maximize their utility – a function of private consumption, domestic air quality, and global climate protection. They do so by distributing their finite expenditures across (1) the aggregate consumption good, (2) end-of-pipe pollution control technologies, and (3) greenhouse gas abatement. Based on our analytical findings, we develop two sets of simulations for China in which we vary the rate of the CDM transfer. The simulations differ by the assumption of China’s domestic air quality policy – the first assumes a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ancillary Benefits; CDM; Climate Policy; Impure Public Goods; Transfers; Abatement Technology; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q54; H23; H41; O33.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46650

The supermarket revolution in developing countries: Policies for "competitiveness with inclusiveness"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reardon,   Thomas; Gulati,   Ashok.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47660

ARER Guidelines for Manuscript Submission
Provedor de dados: 31
Inside back cover
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55554

THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH LED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH ON POVERTY REDUCTION IN AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thirtle,   Colin G.; Lin,   Lin; Piesse,   Jenifer.
Twenty percent of the world population, or 1.2 billion live on less than $1 per day; 70% of these are rural and 90% in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa.  Research led technological change in agriculture generates sufficient productivity growth to give high rates of return in African and Asia and has a substantial impact on poverty, currently reducing this number by 27 million per annum, whereas productivity growth in industry and services has no impact.  The per capita "cost" of poverty reduction by means of agricultural research expenditures in Africa is $144 and in Asia $180, or 50 cents per day, but this is covered by output growth.  By contrast, the per capita cost for the richer countries of Latin America is over $11,000.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Productivity; Poverty Reduction; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; 011; 013; 015.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25834

MEXICO - PROGRESA: BREAKING THE CYCLE OF POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16025

MODELING THE EFFECTS OF THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM ON PARTICIPATING HOUSEHOLDS' PURCHASES: AN EMPIRICAL APPLICATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Chung L.; Fletcher,   Stanley M.; Raunikar,   Robert.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30116

Alternative to Disincentive Rice Producer Prices in Madagascar: Case Study in Alaotra Prefecture and Bongolava Prefecture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ralandison,   Tsilavo; Shiratake,   Yoshiharu.
This study identifies the reasons for low producer prices of rice that have not covered its production costs for many years in Madagascar. The following points will be discussed: the farmers’ marketing conditions and the rural rice market structure, including the functions of each intervening trader preceding rice distribution in urban centers. The study also assesses current functions of the agricultural farmer cooperative: an organization expected to enable the establishment of fair trade in the domestic rice market. The data come from interviews conducted with 120 farmers, 20 traders, and the survey of the overall cooperative associations in two prefectures and main rice suppliers of the capital city. The analysis reveals that farmers were often...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Madagascar; Markets; Rice; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52005

Agricultural land tax and farm-level resource use and output supply response
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olubode-Awosola,   Femi.
This study develops and uses a programming model for farm-level resource use and output supply response to estimate the effects of agricultural land tax in South Africa: A case study of Free State, a region of extremely large commercial farms that gained their size and economic heft during the apartheid years of aggressive subsidies, favorable tax treatment, lucrative state grants and gifts, and all manner of financial assistance. The results indicate that changes in land use and output supply are marginal. The highest effects are observed on irrigated farming. Relevant policy responses raised by the findings are discussed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural land tax; Farm-level; Resource use; Output supply; Land reform; South Africa; Case study; Programming model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51664

Attacking Poverty: What is the Value Added of a Human Rights Approach?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51113

Can we keep up with the demand? Emerging trends in global rice consumption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jamora,   Nelissa; Valera,   Harold Glenn; Molina,   Imelda; Matriz,   Mary Joanne; Mohanty,   Samarendu.
Poster
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61680

Politiques D’ajustement Et Securite Alimentaire En Afrique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mulubay,   Fidele Tshingombe.
Dans la majorité des pays africains, les stratégies mises en place ,ces dernières années, pour réaliser  l’objectif de sécurité alimentaire,  se sont inscrites dans la ligne de pensée des politiques d’ajustement sous monitoring  des Institutions Financières Internationales et qui, au fil des années , ont pris différentes formes en passant de la version PAS à la version DSCRP. La présente étude, qui se base sur l’expérience congolaise, vise dans un premier temps à analyser l’impact que peut avoir ce type des politiques sur la réalisation de la sécurité alimentaire nationale, et dans un second temps de prospecter une politique alternative qui permettrait au pays de tirer bénéfice de la prospérité mondiale pour mieux concourir à la réalisation de la sécurité...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52214

HOW IMPORTANT ARE DIFFICULT ENVIRONMENTS TO ACHIEVING THE MDGS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Branchflower,   Andrew; Hennell,   Sarah; Pongracz,   Sophie; Smart,   Malcolm.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12821

How Best to Target the Poor? An operational targeting of the poor using indicator-based proxy means tests
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houssou,   Nazaire; Zeller,   Manfred; Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Johannsen,   Julia; Schwarze,   Stefan.
This paper seeks to answer an operational development question: how best to target the poor? In their endeavor, policy makers, program managers, and development practitioners face the daily challenge of targeting policies, projects, and services at the poorer strata of the population. This is also the case for microfinance institutions that seek to estimate the poverty outreach among their clients. This paper addresses these challenges. Using household survey data from Uganda, we estimate four alternative models for improving the identification of the poor in the country. Furthermore, we analyze the model sensitivity to different poverty lines and test their validity using bootstrapped simulation methods.  While there is bound to be some errors, no...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Poverty assessment; Targeting; Proxy means tests; Validations; Bootstrap; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95780

Does the Food Stamp Program Affect Food Security Status and the Composition of  Food Expenditures?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pan,   Suwen; Jensen,   Helen H.
This article considers interaction among participation in the Food Stamp Program (FSP), food security status, and the composition of food expenditures. A quadratic almost ideal demand system with a bootstrapping two-step method of estimation is applied to data from the Current Population Survey–Food Security Supplement data and used to estimate the model and account for endogeneity between the FSP participation and food insecurity. The results show that FSP participation is endogenously related with food security status and significantly affects total food expenditure and food-away-from-home expenditures.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food away from home; Food insecurity; Food stamps; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Q18; R21; I32.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45043

DO CROWDED CLASSROOMS CROWD OUT LEARNING ? EVIDENCE FROM THE FOOD FOR EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arends-Kuenning,   Mary; Ahmed,   Akhter U.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16511

A Blueprint for Reform of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zahrnt,   Valentin.
As the Doha negotiations are at a dead end, this paper takes a step back to address the future direction of WTO disciplines in agriculture. It puts members’ negotiating positions and the draft modalities with their ever growing list of exceptions aside to focus on three fundamental questions. First, which agricultural policy instruments should be permitted or prohibited by WTO disciplines so as to best account for the manifold effects of agriculture on societies’ welfare? Second, how should inefficient agricultural policies be treated as long as their removal is politically infeasible? And third, how can the WTO facilitate agricultural policy reform beyond establishing maximum thresholds for distorting policies? The paper argues for moving from the current...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47798

Impacts of Rising Food Prices on Poverty and Welfare in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vu,   Linh; Glewwe,   Paul.
In 2007 and 2008, international prices of rice and other grains sharply increased, raising fears that poor households in developing countries would become poorer. Yet, these fears often ignored that many of these poor households were food producers. This study examines the impact of rising food prices on welfare in Vietnam. Our results show that, overall, higher food prices raised the average Vietnamese household’s welfare. However, higher food prices made most households worse off. Average welfare was found to increase because the average welfare loss of households whose welfare declined (net purchasers) was smaller than the average welfare gain of those whose welfare increased (net sellers).
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food prices; Poverty; Rice prices; Vietnam; Welfare; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105512

Impact of rural poverty reduction strategies: The case of smallholders in Sierra Leone
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sammeth,   Frank; Lakoh,   Alpha; Michel,   Baudouin; Hites,   Gisele; Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio.
The present analysis, which exploits one of the first empirical data collected from smallholders in Sierra Leone since the end of the civil war, compares the impact of two poverty reduction strategies targeting smallholders in Sierra Leone: support to rice production is compared with support to coffee and cocoa production in terms of sustainable income generation and contributing to macroeconomic stability and growth. Supporting rice production is intended to help the country regain self-sufficiency in its traditional principle staple. This will help towards improving food security and reducing dependency on volatile world market prices which, for example, with respect to the recent global spike has had dramatic effects on the lowest incomes.  Support to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Poverty; Official Development Assistance; Sierra Leone; Food Security and Poverty; O1; Q1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113211

Impact of Improved Maize Germplasm on Poverty Alleviation: The Case of Tuxpeno-Derived Materials in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bellon,   Mauricio R.; Adato,   Michelle; Becerril,   Javier; Mindek,   Dubravka.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7658

IFPRI PERSPECTIVES - Volume 22, 3rd Quarter, 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Headlines: Agricultural Research and the Poor; Raising Livestock Can Raise Incomes in Viet Nam; Spreading the Word on Gender Research; Investigating How Collective Action and Property Rights Affect Poverty and Environment.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16488

Determinants of Household Poverty Dynamics in Rural Regions of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baiyegunhi,   L.J.S.; Fraser,   Gavin C.G.
Poverty has always been studied in a world of certainty. However, if the aim of studying poverty is not only improving the well-being of households who are currently poor, but also preventing people from becoming poor in the future, a new forward looking perspective must be adopted. For thinking about appropriate forward-looking anti-poverty interventions (i.e. interventions that aim to prevent or reduce future poverty rather than alleviate current poverty), the critical need then is to go beyond a cataloging of who is currently poor and who is not, to an assessment of households’ vulnerability to poverty. This study analyses a panel dataset on a representative sample of 150 rural households interviewed in 2007 and 2008 in the Amathole District...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Vulnerability; Poverty dynamics; Risks; Rural households; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97078

Regional Inequality In China: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Kanbur,   Ravi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
China’s spectacular growth and poverty reduction has been accompanied by growing inequality which threatens the social compact and thus the political basis for economic growth and social development. The regional dimension of inequality— rural/urban, inland/coastal and provincial—dominates in a country as large as China, and especially with its particular history. The three of us have been researching Chinese regional inequality for over a decade. In a series of papers which have been published in peer reviewed journals, we have been involved in a systematic investigation into the nature and evolution of regional inequality in China. The object of this volume is to bring together a selection of these papers by us and our co-authors, so that researchers and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; China; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51157

LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF EARLY CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alderman,   Harold; Hoddinott,   John; Kinsey,   Bill.
This paper examines the impact of preschool malnutrition on subsequent human capital formation in rural Zimbabwe using a maternal fixed effects-instrumental variables (MFE-IV) estimator with a long-term panel data set. Representations of civil war and drought "shocks" are used to identify differences in preschool nutritional status across siblings. Improvements in height-for-age in preschoolers are associated with increased height as a young adult and number of grades of schooling completed. Had the median preschool child in this sample had the stature of a median child in a developed country, by adolescence, she would be 4.6 centimeters taller and would have completed an additional 0.7 grades of schooling.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16436

A Case Study of Regulation in Zambia’s Cotton Sector.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Kabwe,   Stephen.
Cotton is an unquestioned success of Zambia’s turn towards a market economy. After privatization in late 1994, seed cotton production rose from 32,000 metric tons (mt) to about 180,000 mt a decade later (three-year averages centered on 1994 and 2005). The number of farmers involved in the sector grew similarly, yields trended upwards (though slowly), and the country dramatically improved the quality of its lint, becoming the outstanding performer  in Sub-Saharan Africa in this regard by the mid-2000s. Yet the sector has experienced two serious crashes since reform, both involving rampant credit default by farmers supported with seasonal input credit by ginning companies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Cotton; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62145

Linking Emergency Response to Need in “Food Emergencies”
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Staatz,   John M.; Donovan,   Cynthia.
When an emergency occurs, agencies must make quick decisions on how to help people facing severe food insecurity. This paper addresses the challenges of designing appropriate responses that are linked to identified needs of affected households and individuals. The primary goal of any response is to save lives now and protect the food security of households and individuals now and in the future. However, instrumental goals and the specific means of achieving them are varied, and must be responsive to the setting in which the emergency occurs. The paper conceives the costs and benefits of a response as the product of how efficiently a resource is delivered (resource transfer efficiency) and the effectiveness of the resource and its mode of delivery in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Food policy; Food aid; Emergency response; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54561

Decoupled Payments to EU Farmers, Production, and Trade: An Economic Analysis for Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald; Noleppa,   Steffen; Schwarz,   Gerald.
After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and trade effects of this policy and its compatibility with WTO international trade rules. A survey of the literature suggests that the system of direct payments in its present form has effects which are analogous to a subsidization of agricultural land. Thus, they act to increase production and trade. Furthermore we quantify the total economic cost of production of selected commodities in the European Union and compare them to the price at which EU production is sold in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: European Union; Common Agricultural Policy; WTO rules; Decoupled payments; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59853

Gender and Poverty: New Evidence from 10 Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Pena,   Christine.
This paper presents new evidence on the association between gender and poverty based on an empirical analysis of 11 data sets from 10 developing countries. The paper computes income- and expenditure-based poverty measures and investigates their sensitivity to the use of per capita and per adult equivalent units. It also tests for differences in poverty incidence between individuals in male- and female-headed households using stochastic dominance analysis. Stochastic dominance analysis reveals that differences between male- and female-headed households among the very poor are not sufficiently large that one can conclude that one is unambiguously worse- or better-off, except for a few exceptions. When we use the method of endogenous bounds, persons in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender; Household resource allocation; Households; Poverty; Rural population; Developing Countries; Ghana; Bangladesh; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97310

UK parliamentary inquiry into global food crisis: call for evidence: How to better manage water so that 9 billion people can be fed equitably, healthily, safely and sustainably by 2050
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chartres,   Colin J.
Invited submission from the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) to the United Kingdom Parliament on 2 June 2009.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Research institutes; Agricultural research; Policy; Water resource management; Irrigated farming; Rainfed farming; Farming systems; Food security; Water productivity; Water scarcity; Population growth; Water reuse; Food production; Water use; Biofuels; Urbanization; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91800

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND POVERTY REDUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16233

Alternative Approaches for Moderating Food Insecurity and Price Volatility in Zambia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Dradri,   Simon; Haggblade,   Steven.
• Maize production varies widely from year to year, given Zambia’s heavy dependence on rainfed cultivation. Thus consumers face wide swings in availability of their primary food staple. • Typical public responses include increased food aid inflows, government commercial imports and stock releases, and tight controls on private sector trade. While intended to improve domestic supply, these public responses can inadvertently exacerbate price instability and food insecurity for Zambian consumers. • Two key private sector responses – private cross-border maize trade and consumer substitution of alternate food staples (such as cassava) for maize - can also help to moderate food consumption volatility. • Together, private imports and increased cassava...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Zambia; Food Security and Poverty; Q20.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54630

Farm to School: A Market Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watson,   Marissa C.; Cesar,   Escalante; Ames,   Glenn C.W.; Wolfe,   Kent; Kane,   Sharon P.
This paper explores the potential for the National Farm to School Program to effectively engage with Georgia’s public schools in order to reduce local food insecurity and improve the quality of nutrition provided to students.  A survey was conducted with the specific goals of assessing:  first, the current and future impact Farm to School has and will potentially have on the Georgia economy through schools purchase of local foods; second, the potential market for farmers; third, school administrators willingness to buy local food by Georgia; forth, the level of infrastructure available within schools to prepare fresh, whole foods; and fifth, the perceived opportunities and challenges to buying and preparing local food.  University of Georgia collaborated...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm to School; Georgia; Local foods; Public schools; Survey data for local buying; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119776

Targeting Research for Enhanced Impact on Poverty in Marginal Areas: The Representative Case of the Dry Areas of Syria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: La Rovere,   Roberto; Aw-Hassan,   Aden.
Agricultural research in marginal dry areas can contribute to reducing poverty through the development of technological, institutional and policy options for poor farmers by addressing diversified opportunities and development pathways. This paper analyzes the diversity of rural livelihood strategies in the Khanasser Valley in northwest Syria, an area representative of marginal drylands. We experimentally define an operational classification of household typologies based on their different livelihood strategies, capabilities, and opportunities by applying a Sustainable Livelihoods framework. Livelihoods diversity has implications on where and how research must be targeted to have impact on poverty. Households less endowed in land and natural resources and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact; Livelihoods; Marginal Areas; Poverty; Syria; D1; I3; O3; Q12; Q16; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25722

The 2004 Niger Food Crisis: What Role Can Price Discovery Play in Famine Early Warning Systems?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vitale,   Jeffrey D.; Bessler,   David A.
The 2005 food crisis centered in Niger received worldwide attention and extensive media coverage. Crops suffered from poor rainfall and were plagued by locusts throughout the growing season. Malnutrition flourished with the sudden disruption in food supplies. One-fifth of Niger's children suffered from moderate to severe forms of malnutrition by the summer of 2005. In an era of increased awareness and the introduction of famine early warning systems, the development community was left wondering why they were for the most part caught off guard by the food crisis. This paper tests whether market prices and price discovery could have played an active role in detecting the food crisis.  Directed acyclic graphs are used to test whether price discovery...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21316

DO HEALTH CLAIMS MATTER FOR CONSUMER PREFERENCE ON TEA BEVERAGE? EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FROM TAIWAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Sheng-Hung; Chen,   Hsin-Fan; Wang,   Hui-Cheng.
This paper aims to identify consumer preference for tea drinking products in Taiwan by applying conjoint analysis and investigate whether health claims as attributes would influence consumer’s choice behavior. From 1 July to 31 August 2005, 620 consumers of tea drinking products participated in the choice-based conjoint experiment, which conducted in the city of Taipei, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung in Taiwan. The data were collected in supermarket using questionnaire for personal interviews. Overall, the estimated individual models fit the data well using Conditional Logit Model. Regarding the result of “Original Tea”, consumer’s order ranking of tea category is green tea, oolong tea, and black tea. The most importance on the standard that health claims...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tea Drinking Products; Consumer Preference; Health Claims; Conjoint Analysis; Conditional Logit Model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116428

IMPACT OF GLOBAL COTTON MARKETS ON RURAL POVERTY IN BENIN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Daniels,   Lisa.
World cotton prices have fallen by about 40 percent over the last two years, focusing attention on the effect of subsidies for cotton growers in depressing prices. This paper combines farm survey data from Benin with assumptions about the decline in farm- level prices to estimate the direct and indirect effects of cotton price reductions on rural income and poverty in Benin. The results indicate that there is a strong link between cotton prices and rural welfare in Benin. A 40 percent reduction in farm-level prices of cotton results in an increase in rural poverty of 8 percentage points in the short-run and 6- 7 percentage points in the long run. Based on the estimated marginal propensity to consume tradable goods, the consumption multiplier is in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16213

National Conference on Water, Food Security and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, Volume 2: Proceedings of the Water Quality, Environment and Climate Change, BMICH, Colombo June 9-11, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Wetlands; Environmental flows; Assessment; Water allocation; Case studies; Rivers; Farming systems; Models; Groundwater; Aquifers; Domestic water; Rainfed farming; Climate change; Wastewater irrigation; Rice; Food security; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118404

ERADICATING MALNUTRITION -- INCOME GROWTH OR NUTRITION PROGRAMS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Alderman,   Harold.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16182

AIDS AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Piot,   Peter; Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Gillespie,   Stuart; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16179

Bioproducts Development Survey: Analysis of the Summary Results
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sparling,   David; Cranfield,   John A.L.; Henson,   Spencer J.; Laughland,   Pamela.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sparling; Bioproducts; Bioproduct Development Survey; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52704

Livestock to 2020: The Next Food Revolution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Steinfeld,   Henning; Ehui,   Simeon K.; Courbois,   Claude B.
The combined per capita consumption of meat, eggs, and milk in developing countries grew by about 50 per cent from the early 1970s to the early 1990s. As incomes rise and cities swell, people in the developing world are diversifying their diets to include a variety of meats, eggs, and dairy products. This trend toward diversified eating habits is likely to continue for some time to come and it has led to considerable controversy about the risks and opportunities involved. Some observers fear that greatly increased demand for feed grains will raise the price of cereals to the poor. Others are concerned that higher concentration of livestock production near cities adds to pollution. Still others worry about the public health effects of increased consumption...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42276

The Role of Infrastructure in Mitigating Poverty Dynamics: The Case of an Irrigation Project in Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sawada,   Yasuyuki; Shoji,   Masahiro; Sugawara,   Shinya; Shinkai,   Naoko.
Although it is known that access to physical infrastructure enhances household welfare, there are hardly any micro-econometric studies that analyze the role of infrastructure in mitigating chronic and transient poverty. This paper aims to bridge this gap in the existing literature by evaluating the impact of a large-scale irrigation project implemented in Sri Lanka.  We extend the seasonal consumption smoothing model of Paxson (1993) by introducing endogenous credit constraints.  We collected unique household-level monthly panel data over a period of two years.  According to the point estimates, with irrigation accessibility, per capita food and non-food consumption expenditures increase by around 20% and 45%, respectively, on average, and the probability...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty Reduction; Role of Infrastructure; Monthly Panel Data; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty; O16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51461

Equity Within and Between Nations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi; Spence,   A. Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55932

PENSIONERS AND FOOD INTAKE PATTERNS IN A TRANSITION ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Florkowski,   Wojciech J.; Moon,   Wanki; Beuchat,   Larry R.; Resurreccion,   Anna V.A.; Paraskova,   Pavlina; Jordanov,   Jordan; Chinnan,   Manjeet S.
Using nationwide food consumption survey data collected in Bulgaria in 1997, this study examines how food intake patterns of the unemployed and pensioners differ from patterns of the employed.  During transition, the unemployed and pensioners are particularly vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies and chronic diseases resulting from unbalanced and unhealthy diets as well as food shortage.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transition; Social welfare policy; Food intake pattern; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21590

TRADE POLICIES AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watkins,   Kevin; von Braun,   Joachim; Diaz-Bonilla,   Eugenio; Gulati,   Ashok.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16184

The Impact of an Experimental Nutritional Intervention in Childhood on Education among Guatemalan Adults
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maluccio,   John A.; Hoddinott,   John; Behrman,   Jere R.; Martorell,   Reynaldo; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Stein,   Aryeh D.
Early childhood nutrition is thought to have important effects on education, broadly defined to include various forms of learning. We advance beyond previous literature on early childhood nutrition on education in developing countries by (1) using unique longitudinal data from a nutritional experiment with lifetime educational measures; (2) avoiding confounding the estimates by excluding potentially endogenous right-side variables; and (3) using estimators that allow for nonnormal distributions. Our results indicate significantly positive, and fairly substantial, effects of the randomized intervention a quarter century after it ended: increased grade attainment by women, via increased likelihood of entering and completing primary school and some secondary...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Early childhood nutrition; Education; Nutritional intervention; Guatemala; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55896

Milk Farmers' Risk Attitudes: Influence of the Dairy Processing Company
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Belhenniche,   Geoffroy; Duvaleix-Treguer,   Sabine; Cordier,   Jean.
European market deregulation is destabilizing the economic environment of French farmers leading to an increase in market risks. In the dairy sector, the 2003 CAP reform has lead to major changes (removal of export subsidies and increase in the European milk quota). The dairy supply chain is now coping with higher production and price risks. The dairy supply chain is thinking of new management tools in order to both maintain stability in dairy farm income and secure supply to industrial facilities. One solution may be to strengthen marketing contracts. In this perspective, the knowledge of dairy farmers' risk attitudes is necessary. The goal of this paper is to provide empirical insight into: dairy farmers‘ perceptions of risk and risk management, and the...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Market Risk; Farmers' risk perceptions; Expected utility framework; Risk preference elicitation; Dairy Sector; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58711

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ON POVERTY USING THE SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS FRAMEWORK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15926

STOP OR GO? HOW IS THE UK FOOD INDUSTRY RESPONDING TO FRONT-OF-PACK NUTRITION LABELS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Van Camp,   Debra; Souza Monteiro,   Diogo M.; Hooker,   Neal H.
Food nutrition labels have been used for over a decade to aid consumers in making more informed diet choices and to potentially reduce societal costs from diet-related diseases and health conditions. While there is some evidence of the effectiveness of nutrition labels in changing consumption patterns, the scale of such improvements have been marginal. This has led certain government agencies to consider alternative forms of nutrition information. One such approach is front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labels which provide simple, easily accessible information on a limited number of key nutrients. The use of FOP labels may facilitate healthier diets by influencing consumer behaviour and by providing an incentive for industry to formulate healthier products....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Front-of-pack; Nutrition labelling; Traffic light; Guideline daily allowance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18; L66; L81.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116400

CONSUMPTION INSURANCE AND VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY: A SYNTHESIS OF THE EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH, ETHIOPIA, MALI, MEXICO, AND RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
This paper synthesizes the results of five studies using household panel data from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Mali, Mexico and Russia, which examine the extent to which households are able through formal and/or informal arrangements to insure their consumption from specific economic shocks and fluctuations in their real income. Building on the recent literature of consumption smoothing and risk sharing, the degree of consumption insurance is defined by the degree to which the growth rate of household consumption covaries with the growth rate of household income. All the cases studies show that food consumption is better insured than nonfood consumption from idiosyncratic shocks. Adjustments in nonfood consumption appear to act as a mechanism for partially...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Consumption; Ethiopia; Income; Mali; Mexico; Poverty; Risk-sharing; Russia; Vulnerability; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16424

The 1990's global grain situation and its impact on the food security of selected developing countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Friedberg,   Mark; Thomas,   Marcelle.
"February 1997." Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-25).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Grain production; Food security -- Developing countries; Grain -- Prices; Africa -- Economic conditions; Asia -- Economic conditions; Latin America -- Economic conditions; Middle East -- Economic conditions; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97691

STATE USE OF FUNDS TO INCREASE WORK SLOTS FOR FOOD STAMP RECIPIENTS: REPORT TO CONGRESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Botsko,   Christopher; Gabor,   Vivian; Schreiber,   Susan; Pachikara,   Susan.
Since passage of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, most States have retargeted services in the Food Stamp Employment and Training (E&amp;T) Program to able-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWDs).  The Balanced Budget Act more than doubled funding to States for USDA's Food Stamp E&amp;T Program.  The law requires States to send at least 80 percent of the funding on services that can fulfill the work requirement imposed by welfare reform legislation in 1996 on ABAWDs.  ABAWDs must either work at least 20 hours per week or participate in a qualifying employment and trainig activity.  This report fulfills the Act's mandate to USDA to examine and report on how States use the new funds to create work opportunities for ABAWDs and if this is done in an efficient...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamps; ABAWDs Employment and Training; Workfare; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33875

Gender Issues in Rural Eastern India Revealed by Field Interviews: Tribal and Non-Tribal Responses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Roy,   Kartik C.
Reports responses to interviews conducted in three rural villages in Eastern India in January 2000 as well as replies to questions asked at a forest meeting in West Bengal of groups/persons interested in rural women and development. The questions were designed to provide information on gender-bias and possible reasons for it, especially any economic reasons. These interviews supplemented detailed questionnaires directed to wives in these villages. Interviews were conducted with Kondhs in a village (Badala) west of Dashapalla in Orissa, with Santals in an all Santal village, (Bandhgora) in the Midnapore region of West Bengal and with Santals and scheduled caste Hindus in a mixed village, (Sadanandapur) in the same region. The results highlight significant...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic discrimination; Education; Female status; Gender; Health; Hinduism; India; Kondhs; Santals; Social discrimination; Theories of the family.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D1; J12; J15; J16; Z13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123549

WOMEN: THE KEY TO FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15887

Factors Associated with Farm Households’ Movement Into and Out of Poverty in Kenya: The Rising Importance of Livestock.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Freeman,   H. Ade; Kristjanson,   Patricia.
This study explores the dynamics of poverty in Kenya.  The study specifically examines how initial conditions, household decisions, and other factors that may change over time affect poverty.  Dynamic relationships are identified between behavioral variables, exogenous shocks at one point in time, and indicators of household welfare in subsequent years.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Kenya; Poverty; Livestock; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54563

APPROACHES TO MEASURING CONSUMER BENEFITS FROM FOOD SAFETY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Ravenswaay,   Eileen O.; Hoehn,   John P.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Consumer benefits; Cost/benefit analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25941

System Dynamics in Food Quality Certifications:  Development of an Audit Integrity System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Albersmeier,   Friederike; Schulze,   Holger; Spiller,   Achim.
Due to the complex structure of certification schemes the risk of flaws and scandals is generally high. It has further increased by several developments during the last years. With regard to their potential effects, it is questionable whether the certification approaches are actually able to detect deficiencies within the system and thus prevent crises which may lead to its breakdown. Hence, the ability of a standard to meet its objectives of food quality and safety needs to be enforced. In this contribution we launch the implementation of a controlling tool which automatically monitors audit quality based on information of the respective data bases. By analysing possible negative influences, opportunistic behaviour can thus be detected.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Certification; Quality assurance systems; Risk oriented auditing approach; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91143

Bioenergy and Food Security Modeling Income Effects in a Partial Equilibrium Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schneider,   Uwe A.; Llull,   Christian; Havlik,   Petr.
Bioenergy has been politically promoted as a means to mitigate air pollution, climate change, and scarcity of fossil energy sources. This study addresses the question whether increased agricultural incomes from bioenergy production will improve food security despite increasing food prices. We use a small partial equilibrium to analyze bioenergy policies. Through an iterative procedure, income changes are used to shift food demand curves until equilibrium. Our results show that despite global reductions in food production, undernourishment may decrease in certain locations, where bioenergy production occurs.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Bioenergy policy; Income changes; Partial equilibrium model; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44176

Transparency Solutions for Increasing Trust along the Food Chain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sebok,   Andras; Berczeli,   Attila; Molnar,   Adrienn; Van Lembergen,   Katrien; Gellynck,   Xavier.
The concept of products having designated country of origin was investigated. It was established that a coherent approach can be developed by systematic organisation and structuring of the available information. A working definition was developed for identification of successful practices in food transparency. Several successful solutions for increasing transparency along the food chain were identified. The lessons learned from these solutions can be used for better understanding of the problems related to the transparency of claims and statements on food products having designated country of origin and for increasing the transparency about the validity of such statements and claims
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transparency; Successful practices; Country of origin food; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122013

CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND FUTURE FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valin,   Hugo; Havlik,   Petr; Mosnier,   Aline; Obersteiner,   Michael.
Discussions on climate change increasingly emphasize the contribution of agricultural activities to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions. In this paper, we investigate from a supply to demand side perspective the stress between food demand and climate change challenges up until 2030. We examine how more stringent climate change mitigation policies could alter agricultural markets and put at risk the nutrition possibilities of populations. We use for this purpose GLOBIOM, an applied partial equilibrium model covering, at the world scale and a fine grid resolution, the main land-based sectors: agriculture, forestry and bioenergy. For this exercise, the model is fully linked to a semi-flexible endogenous demand system with non-linear Engel’s curves. Our...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C61; Q11; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116392

IMPACTS OF EGYPTIAN SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ON DIETARY PATTERN AND ADEQUACY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soliman,   Ibrahim; Eid,   Nafissa.
Health and nutrition status including dietary adequacy are basic components of the human development and indicators for welfare in a certain community. The study focused upon how far a socio-economic environment would affect the dietary pattern and adequacy in Egypt. The current dietary pattern was compared with that before the economic reform adjustment, i.e. before 1986. Dietary adequacy of energy and protein was assessed to define the poverty line among urban and rural populations. The investigated changes in the socio-economic environment were income level, distribution, growth and price level by region; as well as demographic features of the household. Finally, the study discussed policy implications on both micro and macro level and provided...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Energy and protein intake; Energy and protein requirements; Dietary Adequacy; Dietary Pattern; Income and Dietary Pattern; Vulnerable groups; Income Distribution; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107278

PERSISTENT POCKETS OF EXTREME AMERICAN POVERTY: PEOPLE OR PLACE BASED?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Partridge,   Mark D.; Rickman,   Dan S.
Over the past four decades almost 400 U.S. counties have persistently had poverty rates in excess of 20 percent. These counties are generally characterized by weak economies and disadvantaged populations. This raises the hotly debated question of whether poverty-reducing policies should be directed more at helping people or helping the places where they reside. Using a variety of regression approaches, including geographically weighted regression analysis, we consistently find that local job growth especially reduces poverty in persistent-poverty counties.  We also find that persistent-poverty counties do not respond more sluggishly to exogenous shocks, nor do they experience more adverse spillover effects from their neighboring counties.  Finally, we...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Persistent poverty; Economic development policies; Place-based policies; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18907

Food Marketing and Pricing Policy in Eastern and Southern Africa: Lessons for Increasing Agricultural Productivity and Access to Food
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Jones,   Stephen P.
This study surveys the empirical record of grain marketing and pricing policy in selected Eastern and Southern Africa countries. The paper addresses five key issues with major implications for food policy in Africa: (a) why the anticipated supply response to market liberalization has not yet occurred; (b) why the common assumption of state taxation of farmers to support a cheap food policy does not apply in most of these countries; (c) why the temporary successes of the state-led approach to stimulating smallholder grain production were unsustainable; (d) why the elimination of government food subsidies associated with market reform has not adversely affected consumers; and (e) why marketing board deficits have risen rather than declined after the reforms...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food marketing; Pricing policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads June 2008 - June 2009: 10; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54694

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Flores,   Luis; Mather,   David.
Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Guatemala; Nicaragua; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90991

Internationalization and Firm Performance in Agribusiness: Empirical Evidence from European Cooperatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heyder,   Matthias; Makus,   Christian; Theuvsen,   Ludwig.
The ongoing internationalization of markets has become a major issue also for companies of the agribusiness. Nevertheless, neither the degree of internationalization of agribusiness firms nor the internationalization-performance relationship in the agribusiness sector have been analyzed thoroughly so far. To help fill this void, we use panel data compiled from annual reports and balance sheets to investigate the internationalization as well as the internationalization-performance relationship of 21 leading European cooperatives in the dairy and meat sectors. Our results indicate that internationalization has a significant positive impact on firm performance.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Internationalization; Firm performance; Cooperatives; Dairy industry; Meat industry; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121847

Agricultural production in Greater Sekhukhune: the future for food security in a poverty node of South Africa?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Drimie,   Scott; Germishuyse,   T.; Rademeyer,   L.; Schwabe,   Craig.
This paper argues that within the range of complementary activities necessary to secure the food security of marginalised groups in South Africa in places such as Greater Sekhukhune, the aspect of agricultural production is often neglected. A comprehensive approach to food security should focus on exploiting opportunities around increasing local food availability through production, as well as stimulating food accessibility by, for example, supporting small enterprises through micro-credit, and supporting food utilisation through education. In this way a range of options is created that vulnerable people can adopt to promote their livelihoods beyond survivalist strategies. This paper explores the issue of agricultural production within Greater Sekhukhune...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Agricultural production; Household surveys; Greater Sekhukhune; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55045

A Review of Household Poultry Production as a Tool in Poverty Reduction with Focus on Bangladesh and India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dolberg,   Frands.
This Working Paper for the South Asia regional hub of the Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative presents the case for using poultry, in very small units of 5-10 adult birds, as a means of alleviating the poverty of rural women in the region. Policies and procedures that affect the success of such initiatives are examined.  The author draws on personal experience and an extensive literature review. The main focus of the paper is a review of what is known as the Bangladesh Model. Emphasising that this is not a static model, the author explains its evolution by Bangladesh’'s largest NGO, BRAC, working with the government department responsible for livestock services. The main feature of the model is that the supply of inputs and services are turned into income...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pro-poor livestock policy; Livelihoods; Poultry; Poverty alleviation; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23762

International agricultural research for food security, poverty reduction, and the environment: What to expect from scaling up CGIAR investments and “Best Bet” programs.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Fan,   Shenggen; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; CGIAR; Food prices; Poverty reduction; Hunger; Agricultural research food security; Environment Agricultural innovation; Agricultural development; Climate change; Agricultural biodiversity; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46016

Energy Usage in Regional Food Production (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Pamela A.; Bowen,   Esther; Govis,   Julia; Schuble,   Todd.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108298

WORLD TRADE ISSUES AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roe,   Terry L.; Gopinath,   Munisamy.
While economic growth has lifted more people from poverty than in any prior period, world market shocks of the 1970s and 1980s have caused a massive realignment in country policies, and future growth in population and income are expected to place heavy burdens on world resources.  Recently, it has been suggested that a food crisis may be forthcoming as food production per capita has stagnated, risking a reversal of the long-term decline in the real price of food.  This paper focuses on food security in this context, and concludes that a rise in the real price of food is likely, but not of a magnitude to create a food crisis.  Nevertheless, those already in poverty may be placed at additional risk of nutritional deprivation.  Policies for alleviating this...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14425

Reducing poverty through integrated management of groundwater and surface water
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Global Water Partnership (GWP Advisory Center).
The full poverty-fighting potential of existing irrigation schemes is not being realized—largely because of inequitable water distribution and unsustainable land and water management practices. An integrated water resources management (IWRM) approach reveals opportunities to reduce poverty and improve overall agricultural productivity and sustainability in these systems. Research in India and Pakistan has highlighted one such opportunity—integrated management of surface water and groundwater—that has great potential for water-short systems with variable groundwater resources. By considering groundwater availability and quality when allocating surface water, water managers could improve the situation of millions of poor farmers with inadequate access to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Groundwater management; Irrigation management; Domestic water; Poverty; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113059

Rising food prices: What should be done?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48930

Towards a Diagnostic Instrument to Identify Improvement Opportunities for Quality Controlled Logistics in Agrifood Supply Chain Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Vorst,   Jack G.A.J.; van Kooten,   Olaf; Pieternel,   A. Luning.
Western-European consumers have become not only more demanding on product availability in retail outlets but also on other food attributes such as quality, integrity, and safety. When (re)designing food supply-chain networks, from a logistics point of view, one has to consider these demands next to traditional efficiency and responsiveness requirements. The concept ‘quality controlled logistics’ (QCL) hypothesizes that if product quality in each step of the supply chain can be predicted in advance, goods flows can be controlled in a pro-active manner and better chain designs can be established resulting in higher product availability, constant quality, and less product losses. The paper discusses opportunities of using real-time product quality information...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Logistics; Supply Chain Management; Product Quality; Information 1; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121848

Does the World Need U.S. Farmers Even if Americans Don’t?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hendrickson,   Mary K.; James,   Harvey S., Jr.; Heffernan,   William D.
We consider the implications of trends in the number of U.S. farmers and food imports on the question of what role U.S. farmers have in an increasingly global agrifood system. Our discussion stems from the argument some scholars have made that American consumers can import their food more cheaply from other countries than it can produce it. We consider the distinction between U.S. farmers and agriculture and the effect of the U.S. food footprint on developing nations to argue there might be an important role for U.S. farmers, even if it appears Americans don’t need them. For instance, we may need to protect U.S. farmland and, by implication, U.S. farmers, for future food security needs both domestic and international. We also explore the role of U.S....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92642

Is Foreign Aid Beneficial for Sub-Saharan Africa?  A Panel Data Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armah,   Stephen E.; Nelson,   Carl H.
Significant ambiguity surrounds the magnitude and sign of the effect of foreign aid on economic growth. Foreign aid can potentially augment scarce domestic capital to spur growth but foreign aid can also remove positive incentive to build wealth, stalling growth. This paper characterizes the effect of foreign aid on the growth of Sub-Saharan African countries after correcting endogeneity problems that plague the estimation. Foreign aid is found to be growth promoting given good governance and using fixed effects in a static panel framework. Data from twenty-one Sub-Saharan African countries spanning 1995-2003 was used in the estimation. The finding of a significant foreign aid-growth relationship is pertinent because it suggests that increased aid to Sub...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6356

Are the Poor Protected from Budget Cuts? Evidence for Argentina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ravallion,   Martin.
Macroeconomic adjustment programs often emphasize the need to protect social spending from cuts, and to protect pro-poor spending in particular. But does this happen in practice during fiscal contractions? The paper presents evidence for Argentina. Using aggregate time series data the paper first finds that social spending was not protected historically, although more "pro-poor" social spending was no more vulnerable. Turning next to new data for an externally-financed workfare scheme introduced in response to a macro crisis, the paper finds that this program was far better targeted than other social spending. However, it appears that the program still had to assure that a small but relatively well-protected share of its benefits went to the non-poor. This...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fiscal incidence; Social spending; Budget cuts; Argentina; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics; E62; H22; I38.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44429

Using panel data to estimate the effect of rainfall shocks on smallholders food security and vulnerability in rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Demeke,   Abera Birhanu; Zeller,   Manfred.
Ethiopia's agriculture is predominantly rainfed and hence any irregularity in weather conditions has adverse welfare implications. Using panel data, this paper analyzes the effect of rainfall shocks on Ethiopian rural households' food security and vulnerability over time while controlling for a range of other factors. To this end, we generated a time-variant household food security index which is developed by principal components analysis. Based on the scores of the index, households were classified into relative food security groups and their socioeconomic differences were assessed. The exploratory results show that compared to the less secured households, the more secured ones have male and literate household heads, tend to have a greater number of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Principal components analysis; Rainfall; Panel data; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; C13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57994

Yield Variability and Agricultural Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reimer,   Jeffrey J.; Li,   Man.
We examine how changes in yield variability affect the welfare of cereal grain and oilseed buyers and producers around the  world. We simulate trade patterns and welfare for 21 countries with a Ricardian trade model that incorporates bilateral trade costs and crop yield distributions. The model shows that world trade volumes would need to increase substantially if crop yield variability were to rise. Net welfare effects, however, are moderate so long as countries do not resort to policies that inhibit trade, such as export restrictions or measures to promote self-sufficiency in crops. Low-income countries suffer the most from increases in yield variability, due to higher bilateral trade costs and lower-than-average productivity.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crops; Geography; Grains; Trade liberalization; Yield variability; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55543

Insights from Poverty Maps for Development and Food Relief Program Targeting: An Application to Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Poverty mapping applies models of household welfare developed from detailed household consumption and expenditure surveys to the extensive but less detailed data from national censuses. A poverty map for Malawi, developed by drawing upon information from the 1997–98 Malawi Integrated Household Survey with the 1998 Malawi Population and Housing Census, provides aggregate estimates of household welfare and poverty at a highly disaggregated level—down to the level of local government wards. Given the close association between welfare and food security in most Malawi households, such a detailed poverty map can be of considerable value to development and relief organizations, as they plan and target activities to improve the ability of poor households to cope...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty mapping; Food security; Malawi; Food relief; Targeting; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55897

FOREWORD: Special Issue on the Economics of Food Assistance Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123322

Price Reductions Have Little Effect on Fruits and Vegetable Consumption by Low-Income Americans
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dong,   Diansheng; Lin,   Biing-Hwan.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124213

GENERATING FOOD SECURITY IN THE YEAR 2020: WOMEN AS PRODUCERS, GATEKEEPERS, AND SHOCK ABSORBERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Lynn R.; Feldstein,   Hilary Sims; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Pena,   Christine; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16375

FAO Regional Programme on Pro-Poor Policy Formulation Dialogue and Implementation at the Country Level; Inception Workshop - India; 14-15 December 2007; New Delhi; Report of the Workshop
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47372

Food Security Policy and the Competitiveness of Agriculture in the Sahel: A Summary of the "Beyond Mindelo" Seminar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Minot,   Nicholas.
This report summarizes the results of the USAID-sponsored Beyond Mindelo conference  on food security policy and the competitiveness of agriculture in the Sahel.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads October 2008 -  July 2009: 21; Q18.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54739

ASSESSMENT OF WIC COST-CONTAINMENT PRACTICES:  FOOD ASSISTANCE RESEARCH BRIEF
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaufman,   Phillip R.
In an effort to ensure the best use of available funds and to provide benefits to all eligible individuals, State agencies responsible for carrying out the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children(WIC) have implemented one or more cost-containment practices. Do these practices adversely affect WIC participants'food consumption, access to authorized food stores, program participation, and related factors to the extent that overall nutrition and health goals are undermined?
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33855

Mozambique Food Security Success Story
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Weber,   Michael T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 15.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11278

Exploring the Relations, Bargaining Forms and Dynamics of the EU Food Supply Chain under the Perspective of the Key Actors: Evidence from Greece and Denmark
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Galanopoulos,   Konstantinos; Karantininis,   Konstantinos; Mattas,   Konstadinos; Karelakis,   Christos.
The objective of this paper is to offer qualitative and quantitative insights on the perceptions of the actors in the EU food supply chain on a broad spectrum of topics that characterise its operation and conduct, highlighting also potential differences in North and South European countries. Issues explored pertained to actors’ relations with up- and downstream partners, the future dynamic and challenges of the food sector, the influence of policy intervention and attitudes towards genetically modified products (GMPs) and organic production. For this purpose, a total of 34 food supply chain actors in Denmark and Greece were interviewed using a semi-structured interview process. A comparative analysis of the interviews pinpointed many similarities in the...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food supply chain structure; Vertical integration; Stakeholders’ survey.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121947

Quality perception of PDO beef producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barreira,   Maria Madalena; Brandao,   A.R.W.; Lemos,   Jose Pedro Cardoso; Fontes,   Magda Aguiar.
Food quality from a consumer perspective includes sanitary aspects as well as nutrition, but also taste, aspect, integrity and the particularity of products. But quality at the consumer level can only be achieved if quality is respected throughout the whole chain. An analysis is undertaken using as a case study Portuguese producers of two types of PDO beef. Results, using multivariate data analysis, show that the main attributes for a quality beef at the producers` level are: feeding, finishing, specific quality, age at slaughter, breed and transport. Results also suggest that producers have distinct quality perceptions on PDO beef.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Quality; Beef; Protected Designation of Origin; Producers` quality Perception; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Q13; M31.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56768

Impactos de Mortalidade de Adultos Rurais no Rendimento, Bens, e Pobreza em Moçambique: Análise com Dados do Painel do TIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Mather,   David.
Resultados da Investigação do Departamento de Estatística e do Departamento de Políticas, Direcção de Economia, MINAG
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy Mozambique; HIV/AIDS; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55256

ARE WOMEN OVERREPRESENTED AMONG THE POOR? AN ANALYSIS OF POVERTY IN TEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Pena,   Christine.
This paper presents new evidence on the proportion of women in poverty in ten developing countries. It compares poverty measures for males and females and male- and female-headed households, and investigates the sensitivity of these measures to the use of per-capita and per-adult equivalent units and different definitions of the poverty line. While poverty measures are higher for female-headed households and for females, the differences are significant in only a fifth to a third of the datasets. Due to their low population share, the contribution of female-headed households to aggregate poverty is less than that of females. Stochastic dominance analysis reveals that differences between male- and female-headed households, and between males and females, are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16439

Confronting the Silent Challenge of Hunger: A Conference Synthesis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Rubey,   Lawrence; Reardon,   Thomas; Staatz,   John M.; Weber,   Michael T.
This report is a synthesis of views presented at the Confronting the Silent Challenge of Hunger USAID Conference, June 28-29, 1994. The purposes of the conference were to provide information to assist AID in defining and articulating its development strategy related to agriculture and food security, to identify issues of consensus for incorporation into future AID strategy, and to identify critical issues of ongoing debate which need to be resolved.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 8; F35.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54699

Designing Regional Systems of Biotechnology Regulation A Transaction Cost Approach to Regulatory Governance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Birner,   Regina; Linacre,   Nicholas A.
Many developing countries are currently in the process of designing regulatory systems that should make it possible to use the potential of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for agricultural development, while at the same time managing the risks for food safety and the environment that are potentially associated with these technologies. In view of the considerable costs associated with biotechnology regulation and the scarcity of biosafety specialists, there are processes in various regions of the developing world to establish regional systems of biotechnology regulation. So far, there are major knowledge gaps as to how regional systems of biotechnology regulation can be designed to be effective and efficient and to fulfill principles of good...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional biotechnology regulation; Regulatory federalism; Transaction cost economics; European Union; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52218

A Profile of the Limpopo Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality, and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of Limpopo. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15607

CULTIVATING NUTRITION: A SURVEY OF VIEWPOINTS ON INTEGRATING AGRICULTURE AND NUTRITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levin,   Carol E.; Long,   Jennifer; Simler,   Kenneth R.; Johnson-Welch,   Charlotte.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16001

SEASONAL UNDERNUTRITION IN RURAL ETHIOPIA: MAGNITUDE, CORRELATES, AND FUCNTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferro-Luzzi,   Anna; Morris,   Saul Sutkover; Taffesse,   Samson; Demissie,   Tsegaye; D'Amato,   Maurizio.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16531

Policy and Institutional effects on market participation by smallholder rice farmers: case studies in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Toure,   Ali; Bamba,   Ibrahim; Diagne,   Aliou; Harouna,   Kore; Cisse,   Youssouf; Kabore,   Daniel.
Rice sector contributes significantly to secure households with regard to their food needs but also to the creation of employments and income generation. The sector development and its evolution over the years have been marked by various policies and approaches. These development stages of the sector constitute nothing but the impact of the number of factors such as the rice policies put in place. A collaborative multi-country pilot study on policy and institutional arrangements effects on irrigated rice production and commercialization was conducted by WARDA and its country partners of Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. In-depth surveys were carried out at both village and household levels to collect qualitative and quantitative data on irrigated rice...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52097

Market-Oriented Strategies to Improve Household Access to Food: Experience from Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Staatz,   John M.; Shaffer,   James D.; Weber,   Michael T.; Chisvo,   Munhamo; Mukumbu,   Mulinge.
The objectives of this report are to identify market-oriented strategies to alleviate both chronic and transitory food insecurity, and to examine the interactions between short-run targeting mechanisms and longer-run strategies designed to alleviate the chronic causes of inadequate access to food. The main premise of the report is that sustained improvements in household access to food in Sub-Saharan Africa require the development of more reliable food and input markets that (a) create incentives to adopt cost-reducing investments at various stages in the food system; and (b) offer incentives for rural households to shift from a subsistence-oriented pattern of production and consumption to more productive systems based on specialization and gains from...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 12.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54056

POVERTY, LIVELIHOOD AND CLASS IN RURAL SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: May,   Julian; Carter,   Michael R.
Using data from a national living standards survey undertaken in late 1993, this paper disaggregates and explores the economics of livelihood generation and class in rural South Africa in an effort to contribute to the ongoing and vociferous debate in South Africa about poverty and its alleviation. Pursuant to the suggestion of participants in a recent participatory poverty assessment, this paper analyzes what might be termed the class structure of poverty. After exploring the range of claiming systems and livelihood tactics available in rural South Africa, the paper offers a first look at who the poor are by disaggregating the rural population into discrete livelihood strategy classes. Non-parametric regression methods are used to then estimate and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12622

EFFECTS OF FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION PROGRAMS ON NUTRITION AND HEALTH, VOLUME 2, DATA SOURCES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Logan,   Christopher; Fox,   Mary Kay; Lin,   Biing-Hwan.
This is the second of four reports completed by Abt Associates Inc., under the contract "The Nutrition and Health Outcome Study." This report is an evaluation of various data sources for their potential for analyzing the impacts of USDA's food assistance and nutrition programs (FANPs). Data sources are evaluated against three criteria: coverage of both program participants and nonparticipants; identification of participants and determination of eligibility among nonparticipants; and availability of impact measures. Each data source is classified into one of four categories: principal, potential, recognized, and insufficient. Principal and potential sources are discussed and profiled in this report.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: USDA Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs; Data sources; Program participation; Nutrition outcomes; Health outcomes; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33791

ASIAN FOOD REQUIREMENTS: A REVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hefford,   R.K.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1963
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22941

HOW AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AFFECTS URBAN POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Fang,   Cheng; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
This paper develops a framework to measure the impact of agricultural research on urban poverty. Increased investments in agricultural R&amp;D can lower food prices by increasing food production, and lower food prices benefit the urban poor because they often spend more than 60% of their income on food. Application of the framework to China shows that these food price effects are large and that the benefits for the urban poor have been about as large as the benefits for the rural poor.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; China; Agricultural research; Urban; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16123

Renegotiating the Food Aid Convention: Background, Context, and Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoddinott,   John; Cohen,   Marc J.
The current global agreement governing food aid—the Food Aid Convention (FAC)—will expire in 2007. It has come under heavy criticism as has the diffuse set of broader food aid governance institutions that has emerged in the last 50 years. These institutions are characterized by overlapping mandates, differing degrees of authority and legitimacy, varied levels of transparency in decision-making, and problematic representation of the major stakeholders. A number of issues are likely to arise during the course of negotiations over a new FAC. These include its objectives; the nature of commitments— whether to express them in tonnage, value, or nutritional terms; the level of commitments and their distribution among donor countries; monitoring and enforcement...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food aid; International agreements; International organizations; Humanitarian assistance; Human rights; Local purchase; Triangular transaction; Development assistance; Trade agreements; Grain trade; Code of conduct; Needs assessment; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42424

Increasing the Effective Participation of Women in Food and Nutrition Security in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Smith,   Lisa C.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45774

Implications of Trade Liberalization on Food Security of Low-income Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trueblood,   Michael A.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33705

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF A FOOD SECURITY COMMODITY RESERVE: COMMODITY VS. CASH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   C. Edwin; Westcott,   Paul C.; Hoffman,   Linwood A.; Lin,   William W.; Rosen,   Stacey L.
The cost of operating the Food Security Commodity Reserve as a commodity reserve was compared with the cost of a cash reserve to purchase food aid supplies only in the period of need.  Preliminary simulation results reveal the cash reserve to be less costly in almost all cases.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Agricultural policy; Stocks; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21622

SOURCES AND UTILIZATION OF FOODSTUFFS IN BELARUSIAN HOUSEHOLDS: RESULTS OF THE GRODNO HOUSEHOLDS SURVEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmitz,   Susanne; Brosig,   Stephan; Degtiarevich,   Josif J.; Degtiarevich,   Irina J.; Grings,   Michael.
The paper is a documentation of a (non-representative) survey on the food situation of households in the Grodno region, Belarus. It covers the year between September 2000 and August 2001. The focus of the survey was on the sources of food in the households (purchase, own production, and receipt in non-monetary transactions between households) and on the utilization (consumption, feed use, sale, unpaid transfers to other households, and spoilage). The paper describes the survey design and the scope and quality of the compiled data set and it presents results of descriptive analyses. The survey households consume a well balanced diet based on potatoes and vegetables as the main staple food. 75 percent of the households use small land plots for food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Belarus; Grodno; Foodstuffs; Food; Nutrition; Diet; Household survey; Weissrussland; Belarus; Grodno; Ernährung; Nahrungsmittel; Haushaltsbefragung; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; R20; I30.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92018

Smallholder Cash-Cropping, Food-Cropping and Food Security in Mozambique's Cotton Belt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Strasberg,   Paul J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 12.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11346

Reforming the EU's Common Agricultural Policy: Health Check, Budget Review, Doha Round
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zahrnt,   Valentin.
Policy-makers are quarrelling about the future of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). France intends to conclude a CAP reform during its 2008 EU Presidency before a thorough Budget Review is due in 2009 that will revise CAP spending. The Doha Round of WTO negotiations might necessitate further decisions on agricultural tariff cuts at any time. This Policy Brief provides recommendations for agricultural policy reform in the EU. It argues, first, that all measures that distort market prices and production should be abolished. This includes production quotas, land set-asides, storage aids, export refunds, output payments, and area payments. Second, the Single Farm Payment (SFP), which provides income support to farmers independently of their current...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CAP; EU; Multifunctionality; Subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47838

A Profile of Mpumalanga: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of Mpumalanga. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15618

China's future: trade for sustainable food (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gale,   H. Frederick, Jr.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60375

THE IMPACT OF HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ATTRIBUTES OF SALMON CHOICE IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brett,   Daniel F.; Melo,   Oscar.
In recent years, U.S. consumers have increasingly sought information about the health implications of their food purchases, as well as the environmental and social impact of the food production process. While this growing consumer demand has helped facilitate the development of several seafood certification programs, no accessible public or private data shows that U.S. shoppers are willing to pay a premium for certified seafood. To estimate whether a price premium exists for current and forthcoming certifications for wild and farmed salmon producers, and to better understand U.S. consumers’ preferences for salmon, we surveyed a representative sample of 955 shoppers from the United States. We then conducted a conjoint analysis on their willingness to pay...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116398

Some Households No Longer Eligible for SNAP Have Unmet Food Needs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coleman-Jensen,   Alisha; Nord,   Mark.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121021

Synthesis of IWMI work in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pant,   Dhruba; Samad,   Madar.
The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) has been working in Nepal since 1986 with the objective of undertaking research in water management and to strengthen the research capabilities of concerned government agencies. The research helped to develop appropriate mechanisms for providing support to Farmer-Managed Irrigation Systems (FMIS) and the initiation of participatory irrigation management (PIM). The river basin studies helped policy formulation for integrated planning and management of water resources besides the methodological contribution through the development of appropriate tools for water management studies. It also contributed to enhancing the capabilities of agency officials and local researchers through their involvement in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Irrigation systems; Privatization; Farmer managed irrigation systems; River basin management; Water users associations; Policy; Groundwater management; Gender; Women; Capacity building; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95762

Climate change and poverty in Africa: Mapping hotspots of vulnerability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thornton,   Philip K.; Jones,   Peter G.; Owiyo,   Tom; Kruska,   Russell L.; Herrero,   Mario; Orindi,   Victor; Bhadwal,   Suruchi; Kristjanson,   Patricia; Notenbaert,   An; Bekele,   Nigat; Omolo,   Abisalom.
Climate change and increasing climate variability threaten the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), and some of the worst effects on human health and agriculture will be in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in vulnerable regions. The relationships between climate change and the vulnerability of resource-poor croppers and livestock keepers and their resilience to current and future climate variability need to be better understood. This paper describes the generation of information that combines projected climate change in agricultural systems with vulnerability data. The results of the analysis, in terms of vulnerable people particularly at risk for deleterious effects of climate change, are being used for impact assessment, targeting and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural system; Vulnerability; Targeting; Impact assessment; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56966

Traceability and Demand Sensitiveness: Evidences from Italian Fresh Potatoes Consumption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caracciolo,   Francesco; Cembalo,   Luigi.
When a traceability system takes place, either when mandatory or voluntary, many questions arise that need to be addressed and answered. One of the firsts concerns whether it introduces new costs with no gain in efficiency or, on the contrary, the system efficiency increases lowering costs and, as a consequence, market price of the good in hand. Among others, another issue that only rarely is addressed regards the effect of a price change on the final market. The objective of this paper was to simulate the effect on fresh Italian vegetables market of prices change due to a newer traceability procedure, focusing on early potato. Reasons why early potato was the main object of our study will be explained in detail later in the paper. Moreover, this study...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Traceability; Early potato; Censored demand system estimation; Sample selection approach.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101287

Characteristics Associated with Prime-Age Mortality in Eastern and Southern Africa: Evidence from Zambia and Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Kirimi,   Lilian; Kadiyala,   Suneetha.
Campaigns to prevent the spread of HIV require accurate knowledge of the characteristics of those most likely to contract the disease. Studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1980s generally found a positive correlation between socioeconomic characteristics such as education, income, and wealth and subsequent contraction of HIV. As the disease has progressed, the relationship between socioeconomic status and HIV contraction may have changed, although there is little evidence to support this. An emerging strand of the literature on the AIDS epidemic in Africa posits that poverty is increasingly associated with the spread of the disease. However, this conclusion is somewhat contentious, as other recent studies find mixed evidence of a poverty-AIDS...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Hiv/aids; Food security; Zambia; Kenya; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56782

Poverty reduction through improved agricultural water management; Proceedings of the Workshop on Pro-poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigated Agriculture in Asia Islamabad, Pakistan, 23-24 April 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigated farming; Poverty; Food security; Households; Income; Drought; Forest policy; Natural disasters; Land ownership; Groundwater; Water market; Water balance; Legislation; Tube wells; Institutional development; Crop production; Wages; Economic aspects; Tillage; Water harvesting; Public policy; Surface water; Labor; Exports; Public sector; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118414

Early-warning Mechanism of Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xiao,   Shunwu.
Necessity of establishing the early-warning mechanism of food security is introduced, which is mainly shown in five aspects. First is the particularity of China's national and food condition: China has large population and immense consumption base. Once food insecurity occurs in an all-round way, China could not buy all the food needed from the international market. The second aspect is the importance of food as a commodity: food is the most basic means of subsistence for human being, playing a role of social "stabilizer". It is also the basis of the national economy. The third aspect is the fluctuation of food supply: inter-annual variation of grain production is significant in China; and early-warning information of food security is needed in order to...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Early-warning mechanism; Law; China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55904

The Effects of the Food Reserve Agency on Maize Market Prices in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.
This policy synthesis estimates the effects of the Zambia Food Reserve Agency’s (FRA) activities on maize market prices in the country. The FRA, a government parastatal strategic food reserve/maize marketing board, buys maize at a pan-territorial price that typically exceeds wholesale market prices in major maize producing areas. It then exports the maize or sells it domestically at prices determined by tender, at auction, or administratively. In deficit production years, the Agency often imports maize and sells it to select large-scale millers at below-market prices.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Maize; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120766

COMPETING FOR SCARCE LAND: FOOD SECURITY AND FARMLAND PRESERVATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tweeten,   Luther G.
Projections indicate the world is entering a new era of tighter food supply relative to demand than in recent decades.  Although urban areas in the U.S. occupy only 3 percent of the nation's land, the average state supplies too small a share of global food needs to motivate it to preserve land for food security.  Citizens like open spaces, but scenic areas are preferred to farmland.  Thus, if preserving land for future needs is important, the issue must be addressed at the national and international level as well as the state level.  Statistical analysis indicates most U.S. farmland transferred to other uses has been the result of unprofitability of farming rather than the result of urban encroachment.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28325

Welfare Changes from the U.S. Ethanol Tax Credit: The Role of Uncertainty and Interlinked Commodity Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baker,   Mindy L.
A model of the corn, soybean, and wheat markets calculates welfare effects of the U.S. ethanol tax credit. Crop yields are uncertain, and demand consists of feed, food, energy, and exports. Modeling uncertainty in crop yields allows the valuation of deficiency payments as options. Disaggregating demand records who benefits from the tax credit and by how much; incorporating linked crop markets captures indirect effects important for determining the transfer from consumers to producers. There is $600 million in net welfare loss, increased taxpayer liability, and a large transfer from consumers to farmers. A brief comparison of recent literature is included.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biofuel; Commodity; Ethanol; Tax credit; Uncertainty; Welfare.; Risk and Uncertainty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45627

EFFECTS OF FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION PROGRAMS ON NUTRITION AND HEALTH: VOLUME 4, EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE LITERATURE REVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fox,   Mary Kay; Hamilton,   William L.; Lin,   Biing-Hwan.
This report provides a summary of a comprehensive review and synthesis of published research on the impact of USDA's domestic food and nutrition assistance programs on participants' nutrition and health outcomes. The outcome measures reviewed include food expenditures, household nutrient availability, dietary intake, other measures of nutrition status, food security, birth outcomes, breastfeeding behaviors, immunization rates, use and cost of health care services, and selected nonhealth outcomes, such as academic achievement and school performance (children) and social isolation (elderly). The report is one of four volumes produced by a larger study that includes Volume 1, Research Design; Volume 2, Data Sources; Volume 3, Literature Review; and Volume 4,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dietary intake; Food expenditures; Nutrient availability; Nutrient intake; Nutritional status; Nutrition and health outcomes; USDAs food assistance and nutrition programs; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33871

Food Self-Sufficiency, Comparative Advantage, and Agricultural Trade: A Policy Analysis Matrix for Chinese Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fang,   Cheng; Beghin,   John C.
We assess the comparative advantage and protection of China's major agricultural crops using a modified Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and 1996 to 1998 data. We consider the following commodities: early indica rice, late indica rice, japonica rice, south wheat, north wheat, south corn, north corn, sorghum, soybean, rapeseed, cotton, tobacco, sugarcane, and a subset of fruits and vegetables. Consistent with the intuition of the simple Heckscher-Ohlin model, the results strongly suggest that China has a comparative advantage in labor-intensive crops, and a disadvantage in land-intensive crops. Specifically, land-intensive grain and oilseed crops are less socially profitable than fruits and vegetables. Within the grain sector, high quality rice and high quality...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Agriculture; Comparative advantage; Protection; DRC; EPC; Agricultural trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18422

A Profile of the Western Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Income, Inequality, and Unemployment from 2000 till 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Elne; Punt,   Cecilia.
The Western Cape agricultural sector is a dynamic and livelihood sustainable sector. Approximately 3.9% of the Western Cape value added gross domestic product comes through agriculture and 3% of the population in the Western Cape is working in this sector. There is thus a need for macro-economic research in order to investigate potential and current challenges and opportunities.  This paper examines several of these challenges namely demographic compositions, unemployment, income distribution, poverty and inequality. It will provide results from the Labour Force Surveys from 2000 until 2007 with a more in-depth look into 2007. Population and labour force statistics provide the foundation for further analysis. This paper indicates that unemployment is being...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demographic Trends and Forecasts; Labor Force and Employment; Size; And Structure; Agricultural Labor Markets; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J21; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58050

Quantifying the impact of in-field rainwater harvesting (IRWH) production techniques on household food security for communal farmers in Thaba Nchu, Free State Province
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baiphethi,   Mompati N.; Viljoen,   Machiel F.; Kundhlande,   Godfrey; Botha,   J.J.; van Rensburg,   L.D.
The paper investigates the impact of employing in-field rainwater harvesting (IRWH) production techniques on household food security for communal farmers in Thaba Nchu, by estimating the minimum area of land that a representative household needs to cultivate in order to meet its requirements. First, using a poverty datum line for South Africa, annual income required by an average household for food and other basic necessities (shelter and clothes) is calculated, given a specific level of non-farm income for a typical household in the study area. Second, the caloric requirement for an average household's is estimated by using the daily caloric requirement of each member of the household. The household uses its income from non-farm sources to purchase food...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31741

Diagnóstico da Estrutura, Comportamento, e Desempenho dos Mercados Alimentares Rurais de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56019

Food Security and Economic Growth in the Sahel: A Summary of the September 1989 Cereals Workshop
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Agostino,   Victoire C.; Staatz,   John M.
This paper summarizes the empirical research results presented and related discussions  at the USAID-sponsored Workshop on Food Security and Economic Growth in the Sahel, held in  Washington, D.C., September 6-8, 1989. This workshop focused on regional trade and food security  policy dialogue in anticipation of the CILSS/Club du Sahel seminar on that topic scheduled in  November. Special emphasis was given to involve participants who have conducted empirical  research in Mali, Senegal, and Niger.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Sahel regional trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Downloads December 2008 - June 2009: 5; Q18.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54737

More Americans Relied on Food Assistance During Recession
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andrews,   Margaret S.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121434

Developing effective institutions for water resources management:  A case study in the Deduru Oya Basin, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Somaratne,   Pallewatte G.; Jinapala,   Kiribandage; Perera,   L.R.; Ariyaratne,   Badugodahewa Ranjith; Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa; Makin,   I.W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basins; Water resource management; Water lifting; Wells; Domestic water; Population; Economic aspects; Income; Irrigation programs; Institutions; Policy; Groundwater; Agricultural development; Fish farming; Pumps; Ecology; Water supply; Drought; Poverty; Land use; Water scarcity; Natural resources; Agricultural production; Cropping systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92665

FOOD AID EFFECTIVENESS: "IT'S THE TARGETING, STUPID!"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.
In the 1992 United States presidential campaign, Bill Clinton and his staff regularly invoked the forceful reminder "It's the economy, stupid!" in order to maintain a tight focus on the core issue that would ultimately decide their electoral success or failure.  This initially seemed reductionist to many observers, because a presidential campaign is a complex affair, with myriad issues and pressures confronting the candidate every day.  But Clinton and his staff were ultimately proved correct.  Most of the important issues that could ignite or derail their campaign did boil down to the economy, and their famous, ruthless focus proved highly successful.    This paper advances the argument that similar focus on issues of targeting are essential if food aid...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Q18; O1; I1.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14754

THE FOOD SECURITY DEBATE IN WEST AFRICA FOLLOWING THE WTO AGREEMENTS ON AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nouve,   Kofi; Staatz,   John M.
This paper examines the environment within which West African countries are designing their regional self-reliance food security strategy following the Uruguay Round Agreements on Agriculture (URAA). The self-reliance strategy combines regionally-coordinated domestic food production with food imports. Three aspects of the URAA-food security linkages were emphasized in this study. First, while the regional model may increase efficiency in regional food production and distribution systems, it may also restrain the flexibility and/or the effectiveness of using tariff protection when needed. Second, a formal test of structural change in food availability suggests that there have been increases in average per capita food supply in the post-URAA  period. Third,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11746

Information and Firms’ Search Behavior
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aker,   Jenny; Tack,   Jesse B.
Information and communications technologies (ICTs) have spread rapidly over the past decade.  There has been considerable interest in the effect of such technology on search costs, search behavior and welfare outcomes, particularly in developing countries.  This paper investigates the impact of a new search technology, mobile phones, on traders’ search and marketing behavior in Niger.  We construct a novel theoretical model of sequential search, in which traders engage in optimal search for the maximum sales price, net transport costs. The model predicts that the introduction of a new search technology, such as mobile telephones, will increase traders’ reservation sales prices and the number of markets over which they search. To test the predictions of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Information; Information Technology; Search Costs; Niger; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; O1; O3; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103404

Food Stamps and Obesity: What We Know and What It Means
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele; Ralston,   Katherine L.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122955

Making rural households’ livelihoods more resilient. The importance of social capital and the underlying social networks.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Dufhues,   Thomas; Beuchelt,   Tina; Fischer,   Isabel; Fritzsch,   Jana; Wolz,   Axel; Reinsberg,   Klaus; Kasarjyan,   Milada; Korff,   Rudiger.
Although interest in the structure and relational features of social capital and its underlying networks has grown since the early 1990s, the terms do not embody any ideas that are really new to sociologists, but are indeed rather new to economists. Until the 1950s, land, labour, and financial capital (i.e., levels of investment) were seen as being relevant for economic growth. Then technology (physical capital) was added to the list. In the early 1960s, convincing empirical evidence showed that labour without know-how and entrepreneurial skills (human capital) limit the potential of the other production factors. Today, labour and skills are usually simultaneously addressed when talking of human capital. In development economics, and more recently in...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93010

Technical Compendium: Descriptive Agricultural Statistics and Analysis for Zambia in Support of the USAID Mission’s Feed the Future Strategic Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Chapoto,   Antony; Kabwe,   Stephen; Tembo,   Solomon; Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Lubinda,   Rebecca; Chiwawa,   Harrison; Mataa,   Mebelo; Heck,   Simon; Nthani,   Dorothy.
This technical compendium was developed to serve two interrelated purposes: 1.To assist in the development of USAID Zambia’s Feed the Future (FtF) strategy by providing a broad empirical analysis of the current conditions and historical trends shaping Zambia’s agricultural and food sector; and 2. To serve as a technical reference for organizations tasked with designing and implementing programs associated with FtF.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Feed the Future; FtF; Statistical analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104016

China’s water pricing reforms for irrigation: effectiveness and impact
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liao,   Yongsong; Gao,   Zhanyi; Bao,   Ziyun; Huang,   Qingwen; Feng,   Guangzhi; Xu,   Di; Cai,   Jiabin; Han,   Huijing; Wu,   Weifeng.
Irrigation occupies a central position in China’s crop production. However, due to low per capita water resources, much worse, unevenly distributed over regions and time and the rapid increase of water diversions to non-irrigation sectors, irrigation water shortages have become a very serious problem. Without the adoption of effective measures this problem may even threaten China’s food security. Currently, irrigation efficiency is very low in general, irrigation water prices cannot fully recover water supply costs, and irrigation facilities are aging due to the lack of funding for O&amp;M (operation &amp; maintenance). Since water prices are regulated by the government, and not determined by the market, water prices did not work effectively in water...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water rates; Pricing; Price policy; Cost recovery; Farmers attitudes; Water rights; Water market; Water supply; User charges; Irrigation water; Water allocation; Irrigation management; Participatory management; Water conservation; Institutions; Organizations; Water users associations; Cereals; Yields; Models; Labor; Cost benefit analysis; Irrigation requirements; Investment; Groundwater management; Wells; Irrigation canals; Food security; Legal aspects; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91872

The Effects of Sugarcane Production on Food Security, Health, and Nutrition in Kenya: A Longitudinal Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kennedy,   Eileen T.
This research report by Eilleen T. Kennedy is part of a major IFPRI effort to assess the effects of the commercialization of agriculture on production, consumption, and nutritional status of rural people in Africa, Asia, and Central America countries. It reports on the continuation of survey work first undertaken at the request of the government of Kenya in 1983. The original survey work was analyzed in Research Report 63, Incomes and Nutrition Effects of the Commercialization of Agriculture in Southwestern Kenya. The follow-up study described in this report a rare opportunity to examine longitudinal data on a group of farmers in three periods: before they entered a contract arrangement for growing a commercial crop- sugarcane; during the period before...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sugarcane industry; Kenya; South Nyanza district; Agriculture; Economic aspects; Food supply; Cost and standard living; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42165

Child Health and Well-Being Differ for Metro and Nonmetro Low-Income Households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farrigan,   Tracey L.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122824

Fundamentals of Price Analysis in Developing Countries' Food Systems: A Training Manual to Accompany the Microcomputer Software Program 'MSTAT'
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goetz,   Stephan J.; Weber,   Michael T.
In market-oriented economies, agricultural markets and marketing  functions become increasingly important as the food system evolves. This paper  focuses on how selected dimensions of markets and marketing functions can be  studied and evaluated in Third World settings.  The specific purpose of this  paper is to review fundamental price and related market analysis techniques  which are and can be used in developing country food system applications. In so  doing the objective is also to focus on identifying food system problems,  techniques for improved interpretation of price analysis results and means of  dealing with the all too common problem of data limitations. A second purpose  of this paper is to serve as a "Training Manual" to accompany "MSTAT."
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; MSTAT; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads December 2008 - June 2009: 5; C88.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54742

How Important is Economic Geography for Rural Non-Agricultural Employment?  Lessons from Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jonasson,   Erik; Helfand,   Steven M.
By paying particular attention to the local economic context, this paper analyzes rural non-agricultural employment and earnings in non-agricultural jobs. The empirical analysis is based on the Brazilian Demographic Census, allowing for disaggregated controls for the local economy. Education stands out as one of the key factor for shaping employment outcome and earnings potential. Failure to control for locational effects can lead to biased estimation of the importance of individual and household-specific characteristics. The empirical results show that local market size and distance to population centers have a significant impact on both non-agricultural employment prospects and earnings.  The impact, however, is quantitatively larger for employment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural non-agricultural employment; Economic geography; Brazil; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; Q1; R1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51150

The Role of Food from Natural Resources in Reducing Vulnerability to Poverty: A Case Study from Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mithofer,   Dagmar; Waibel,   Hermann; Akinnifesi,   Festus K.
Vulnerability to poverty is a major problem in the rural areas of Sub Saharan Africa. Rural Households are confronted with various covariate and idiosyncratic shocks and are often severely constrained in coping with such events. They frequently resort to food from natural resources such as indigenous fruits during times of crisis. The availability of such food sources is increasingly at risk due to deforestation and biodiversity loss. The objective of this paper is to quantify the contribution of indigenous fruit trees towards reducing vulnerability to food insecurity and poverty. The methodology used is a multi-period stochastic household income model. The data were collected in a case study in Zimbabwe using detailed monthly income and expenditure...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vulnerability; Poverty; Food security; Seasonal fluctuations; Wild food resources; Zimbabwe; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25264

Determinants of adoption and intensity of use of balanced nutrient management systems technologies in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akinola,   Adebayo A.; Arega,   D.A.; Adeyemo,   Remi; Sanogo,   Diakalia; Olanrewaju,   Adetunji S.; Nwoke,   C.; Nzigaheba,   G.; Diels,   J.
As part of a major effort to address soil fertility decline in West Africa, a project on Balanced Nutrient Management Systems (BNMS) has since 2000 been implemented in the northern Guinea savanna (NGS) of Nigeria. The project has tested and promoted two major technology packages, including a combined application of inorganic fertilizer and manure (BNMS-manure) and a soybean/maize rotation practice referred to as BNMS-rotation.  This study employed Tobit model to examine factors that influence the adoption and intensity of utilization of BNMS technologies in the NGS of Nigeria. Results showed that less than 10% of the sample households adopted at least one of the two components of the technology package by the end of 2002.  However, by 2005 the adoption of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adoption; BNMS-manure; BNMS-rotation; Northern Guinea Savanna (NGS).; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52007

The Impact of Country-of-Origin Information on Consumer Perception of Environment-Friendly Characteristics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cicia,   Gianni; Cembalo,   Luigi; Del Giudice,   Teresa; Scarpa,   Riccardo.
The intense process of internationalization of the food market is giving rise to new competitive scenarios. Growing market shares on the part of new export countries, along with other consumer and retail issues, impose different marketing policies for agri-food products. In particular, greater consumer awareness of environmental and health issues is changing the structure of demand for fresh products. In the past, the country of origin and a good quality/price ratio were the main strategic strengths for gaining and maintaining international market shares. Nowadays, market shares are gained by moving towards new product attributes, namely environmental friendliness and food safety. This paper draws attention to new, more successful marketing strategies. The...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Competitiveness strategies; German cherry tomato market; Environmentally friendly; Fresh vegetables; Mixed Nested Logit; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121849

Irrigation and Water for Sustainable Development; Proceedings of the Second Forum December 15-16, 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa,   Teklu; Balcha,   Yodit.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Irrigation management; Supplemental irrigation; Land management; Investment; Case studies; Public sector; Private sector; Cooperation; Government policy; Rural poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118400

Forests, Wood and Livelihoods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Byron,   Neil Holland.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124424

Building public-private partnerships for agricultural innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartwich,   Frank; Tola,   Jaime; Engler,   Alejandra; Gonzalez,   Carolina; Ghezan,   Graciela; Vazquez-Alvarado,   Jorge M.P.; Silva,   Jose Antonio; Espinoza Arellano,   Jose de Jesus; Gottret,   Maria Veronica.
Public-private partnerships are a new way of carrying out research and development (R&amp;D) in Latin America's agricultural sector. These partnerships spur innovation for agricultural development and have various advantages over other institutional arrangements fostering R&amp;D. This report summarizes the experiences of a research project that analyzed 125 public-private research partnerships (PPPs) in 12 Latin American countries. The analysis indicates that several types of partnerships have emerged in response to the various needs of the different partners. Nevertheless, public-private partnerships are not always the most appropriate mechanism by which to carry out R&amp;D and foster innovation in agriculture. Sometimes, it is more efficient to...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Innovations; Latin American; Public-private sector cooperation; Agricultural Research; Intellectual property; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46707

WHAT DOES FOOD AND WATER HAVE TO DO WITH WAR?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Tim.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123853

Market Development and Food Demand in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Jikun; Rozelle,   Scott.
This paper seeks to understand how market imperfections affect the behavior of consumers in China's rural economy. A theoretical and empirical model is developed and estimated using a household-level data from six counties in Hebei Province. The results show that market development plays an important role in explaining food consumption behavior in China. As the market develops, farmers demand less grain and vegetables and consume more meat, fruit, and other food products after control for income and price effects. Moreover, the elasticities of demand also change as farm households begin to rely more on rural markets. The results of this paper suggest that a government concerned about the welfare of its rural population may want to be paying a more active...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42673

Private irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa; Regional Seminar on Private Sector Participation and Irrigation Expansion in sub-Saharan Africa, Proceedings 22-26 October 2011, Accra, Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Privatization; Irrigated farming; Financing; Irrigation systems; Gender; Women; Government managed irrigation systems; Farmer managed irrigation systems; Rice; Horticulture; Technology transfer; Pumps; Drip irrigation; Filtration; Capacity building; Urban agriculture; Poverty; Water users associations; Agricultural credit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118418

Food Security Assessment: Regional Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shapouri,   Shahla; Rosen,   Stacey L.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33683

Food security and poverty in the era of decentralization in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Food security enhancement is one of the main objectives of agricultural development. In Indonesia, agricultural and rural development, such as food security and the reduction of poverty and the number of food-insecure households, is being determined by the changing dynamics of the international economy and the domestic strategic environment. The studies contained in this working paper provide an analysis of the current status and suggest future policy directions for poverty reduction strategies in the context of decentralization in Indonesia. The study was conducted in three parts, they examine the achievement made in rural and agricultural development and poverty alleviation. Part 1 and 2 directly address food security and poverty. Part 3 focuses on the...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: FOOD SECURITY; POVERTY; DECENTRALIZATION; RURAL DEVELOPMENT; HOUSEHOLDS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96657

MEN WITHOUT SAWMILLS: MASCULINITY, RURAL POVERTY, AND FAMILY STABILITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sherman,   Jennifer.
Using ethnographic and interview data, this paper explores the impacts of economic strain and job loss on the construction and experience of masculinity, as well as the effects of threats to masculine identity on family stability in a rural American community. It looks at these issues specifically with reference to the high correlation between poverty and single parenting, in order to better understand the causal mechanisms responsible for this link in a rural setting. It challenges the mainstream argument that it is women’s marriage choices that are mainly responsible for this correlation. Building on and extending the work of previous researchers, the paper argues that men’s experiences with masculinity in times of economic and labor market stress...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18905

ENDING HUNGER IN AFRICA: ONLY THE SMALL FARMER CAN DO IT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Johnson,   Michael.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15914

Milk Market Integration between Hungary and Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Falkowski,   Jan; Ferto,   Imre.
In this paper we test the retail milk price integration between two countries, Poland and Hungary. Conventional linear cointegration methods do not reveal any relationship between the two prices, therefore we apply Gonzalo and Pitakaris (2006) method to test the linear cointegration null against the threshold cointegration with an exogenous threshold variable alternative hypothesis. Our results show, that the Hungarian Forint – Polish Zloty exchange rate is econometrically an appropriate threshold variable, the linearity null is rejected, and the two alternative regimes may be characterised with different long-run equilibrium relationships. Corresponding trade data however questions the economic appropriateness of the selected threshold variable. Further...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Horizontal integration; Milk market; Threshold cointegration; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91809

Strategies to Promote Market-Oriented Smallholder Agriculture in Developing Countries: A Case of Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omiti,   John M.; Otieno,   David Jakinda; McCullough,   Ellen B.; Nyanamba,   Timothy O.
Smallholder Agriculture is key to livelihoods of many rural households in developing and transition economies. In Kenya, small farms account for over 75% of total agricultural production and nearly 50% of the marketed output. Despite favourable trends in global development drivers such as rising population, per capita incomes and emerging urban dietary preferences, most smallholder farmers remain poor. This study sought to characterize agricultural commercialization trends, identify and prioritize constraints to participation in markets, analyse determinants of percentage of output sold, and explore strategies to promote market-oriented production. A participatory Rapid Rural Appraisal approach, household survey and a Truncated Regression model were used....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholder Agriculture; Market Participation; Commercialization; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52105

ASSET FUNCTIONS AND LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES: A FRAMEWORK FOR PRO-POOR ANALYSIS, POLICY AND PRACTICE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Anderson,   Simon; Clark,   Susanne; Keane,   Bernadette; Moguel,   Julieta.
Building upon the current emphasis on the importance of assets in increasing the productivity and reducing the vulnerability of poor peoples' livelihoods, a conceptual framework is developed that relates the functions and attributes of poor peoples' assets to their livelihood status and strategies. The framework promotes more integrated consideration of different assets held by the poor, and hence facilitates analysis for policy, capacity building and technological interventions to expand livelihood opportunities for the poor. The application of the conceptual framework  is illustrated with preliminary analysis of small livestock keeping by campesinos in south east Mexico.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10918

Smallholder Income Diversification in Zambia: The Way Out of Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bigsten,   Arne; Tengstam,   Sven.
1) One can achieve poverty reduction in rural areas of Zambia by both growth and inequality reduction, but growth must be the main driver; 2) Rural income growth does not come from agriculture alone so options to diversify income are very important and should be pursued; 3) But careful attention is required to focus on improved endowments and reduced constraints facing households trying to improve agriculture directly as well as trying to improve possibilities of income diversification away from agriculture; and 4) Land per labourer, education, and location (market access and infrastructure) are key dimensions to understand and figure out how to improve.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Zambia; Small holder; Poverty; Income; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Q20.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54637

Policy Responses to Volatile Prices and Food Security (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Wayne.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50596

FRAGILE STATES: DEFINING DIFFICULT ENVIRONMENTS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Torres,   Magui Moreno; Anderson,   Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12822

DOES ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY DEPEND ON PLACE OF RESIDENCE? ASSET POVERTY ACROSS THE RURAL-URBAN CONTINUUM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.; Weber,   Bruce A.
This paper uses Panel Study of Income Dynamics data for 1989, 1994, and 1999 to examine why some U.S. households are asset poor; that is, why households have insufficient resources to invest in their future or to sustain household members at a basic level during times of economic disruption. The study contributes to an improved understanding of asset poverty's correlates by examining the influence of place of residence; the extant literature has focused on individual-level explanations. We estimate a random-effects logistic model of the probability that an individual is asset poor at a given point in time as a function of household-level (e.g. age, gender, race of the household head and family structure) and place-level (regional and rural-urban continuum)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18911

The world food situation: New driving forces and required actions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim.
The world food situation is currently being rapidly redefined by new driving forces. Income growth, climate change, high energy prices, globalization, and urbanization are transforming food consumption, production, and markets. The influence of the private sector in the world food system, especially the leverage of food retailers, is also rapidly increasing. Changes in food availability, rising commodity prices, and new producer–consumer linkages have crucial implications for the livelihoods of poor and  food-insecure people. Analyzing and interpreting recent trends and emerging challenges in the world food situation is essential in order to provide policymakers with the necessary information to mobilize adequate responses at the local, national, regional,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: World food situation; Globalization; Food security; Agricultural production; Markets; Food prices; Climate change; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55645

HET VOEDSELVRAAGSTUK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31832

Economic and institutional efficiency of the National Agricultural Advisory Services’ Programme: The case of Iganga District,
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okoboi,   Geofrey; Muwanika,   Fred Roland; Nyende,   Majidu; Mugisha,   Xavier.
This paper examines the technical and institutional efficiency of the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) programme implementation in Iganga district. The Cost Effective Analysis (CEA) and stochastic frontier analysis methods were used to examine technical efficiency while expenditure tracking and FGD methods were applied to assess institutional efficiency. The analysis demonstrates that NAADS interventions have not had a significant impact on the output, productivity and income of the farmers in Iganga district. Moreover, NAADS programme faces implementation weaknesses such as nepotism that affects the selection of beneficiaries as well as enterprises, to the extent that some farmers are apathetic about the success or failure of NAADS...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAADS; Expenditure tracking; EPRC; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113622

INFORMAL SECTOR AND SOCIAL POLICY Compendium of Personal and Technical Reflections Cornell-SEWA-WIEGO Exposure and Dialogue Program Oaxaca, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bali,   Namrata; Basu,   Kaushik; Bery,   Suman; Bhorat,   Haroon; Carre,   Francoise; Chen,   Martha Alter; Fields,   Gary S.; Kanbur,   Ravi; Levy,   Santiago; Lund,   Francie; Unni,   Jeemol; Valodia,   Imraan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51178

Avaliação das Necessidades dos Utentes do SIMA
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56049

FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL SECURITY IN THE SLUMS OF HYDERABAD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Community Studies Team; Chennamaneni,   Ramesh.
The case-studies presented in this report are a preliminary survey of the food and nutrition security situation in low-income communities in the emerging Megacity of Hyderabad. Understanding current conditions of food and nutrition security and their determinants, and how these are changing in the face of evolving employment opportunities and population composition is essential for a sustainable and inclusive growth of the city. This research attempted to provide contextual information on some of these issues by conducting qualitative and quantitative research in three urban slums of Hyderabad—Rahmath Nagar, Papi Reddy, and Addagutta. The report explores the conditions and environment in each slum by providing information on livelihoods, infrastructure,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6392

Trade Reform and the Poor in Morocco: A Rural-Urban General Equilibrium Analysis of Reduced Protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans.
"January 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-21).. Published, in 2000, in Wassim Shahin and Ghassan Dibeh (eds.), Earnings inequality, unemployment, and poverty in the Middle East and North Africa. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, pp. 52-77.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social accounting.; Equilibrium (Economics); Welfare economics.; Morocco.; Tariff -- Mathematical models.; Trade liberalization; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97543

Local Impacts of a Global Crisis - Food Price Transmission and Poverty Impacts in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cudjoe,   Godsway; Breisinger,   Clemens; Diao,   Xinshen.
This paper takes a local perspective on global food price shocks by analyzing food price transmission between regional markets in Ghana. It also assesses the impacts of food price increases on various household groups. Taking the recent global food crisis as an example, we find that prices for domestic staples are highly correlated with prices for imported rice. However, price transmission between pairs of domestic regional markets is limited; it is complete for local rice and maize only when more rigorous cointegration analysis is applied. Our findings also show the important role of seasonality in the determination of market integration and price transmission. The welfare effect for households as consumers appears relatively modest at the aggregate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crisis; Price transmission; Cointegration analysis; Household model; Ghana; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q13; R20.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51089

Mountains of Maize, Persistent Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Mason,   Nicole M.; Burke,   William J.; Shipekesa,   Arthur M.; Chapoto,   Antony; Kabaghe,   Chance.
The past two years are a tribute to Zambian farmers; they have responded admirably to government efforts to promote maize production. But ironically, rural poverty remains stubbornly high despite the fact that the government has spent over 2% of the nation’s gross domestic product in supporting maize production and subsidizing inputs for farmers. Why is it that maize production has increased so impressively without making a serious dent in rural poverty? And what are the lessons for the new government?
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Maize; Poverty; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118476

INTERSTATE VARIATION IN WIC FOOD PACKAGE COSTS: THE ROLE OF FOOD PRICES, CASELOAD COMPOSITION, AND COST-CONTAINMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   David E.; Leibtag,   Ephraim S.
Food prices within States affect average monthly costs of State food benefits packages provided by the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) more than variations in WIC caseload composition do. In addition, cost-containment practices by State WIC agencies provide different levels of cost savings in different areas, which also contributes to interstate variation in benefits package costs. This study is one of the few to examine the degree to which food prices, caseloads, and cost containment practices influence costs of State WIC food benefits packages. Because few data exist on the actual food items that WIC participants purchase, the study used a scanner dataset of supermarket transactions and other sources to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WIC program; Cost-containment; Food package costs; Food prices; WIC foods; WIC caseloads; Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women; Infants; Children; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33811

Poverty, Livestock and Household Typologies in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maltsoglou,   Irini; Taniguchi,   Kiyoshi.
Agriculture and livestock are key components of the livelihoods of the poor. Livestock make a substantial contribution to household livelihood's’ and currently sustain the livelihoods of an estimated 700 million rural poor in developing countries. In Nepal, poverty levels are extremely high and more than 80% of the population relies on the agriculture sector for employment and income generation.   In this context, it is important to be able to understand the link between poverty and livestock and the possible impact of livestock policies on the poor. The aim of the analysis presented in this paper is twofold: firstly, to gain an in-depth understanding of the features that characterize the poor in Nepal so as to determine the role livestock plays in and for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Livestock; Income; Nepal; Home consumption; Cash income; Household typologies; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23784

Quem Come Milho Amarelo? Alguns Resultados Preliminares de um Inquérito sobre as Preferências dos Consumidores de Farinha de Milho na Cidade de Maputo
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Maize; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56018

Syngenta and Sustainability: Implications for Corporate Strategy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rankin,   Amber; Boehlje,   Michael.
This poster was inspired by a case study developed by Syngenta, a global crop protection and seed company, in collaboration with Purdue University.  As a company dedicated to promoting innovation, delivering value, and being a leader in its industry, Syngenta faces both challenges and opportunities with respect to the sustainability debate. This poster presents the major issues of sustainability in a global context, in an agribusiness context, and finally in the specific case of Syngenta.  The concluding discussion represents the perspectives of a group of agribusiness professionals that discussed this case study in an executive education program on the Purdue University campus.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Strategy; Agribusiness; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61309

IS THE EU SUGAR POLICY REFORM LIKELY TO INCREASE OBESITY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonnet,   Céline; Requillart,   Vincent.
National Health authorities recommend a decrease in the consumption of ’added’ sugar. At the same moment, a reform of the Common Organisation of the Sugar Market will lead to a decrease by more than 30% of the sugar price in the EU. Using the example of the soft drink industry, this paper investigates the impact of that reform on the consumption of sugar sweetened beverages. Because the soft drink industry as well as the retail industry are both highly concentrated, using structural econometrics model, we first estimate models of vertical relationships between the beverage industry and the retail industry. After selecting the ’best’ model of vertical relationships, we then simulate the impact of the decrease in sugar price on prices and consumption for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vertical contracts; Two part tariffs; Competition; Manufacturers; Private labels; Retailers; Differentiated products; Soft drinks; Non nested tests; Sugar CMO; Passthrough; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116414

THE POTENTIAL OF AGROECOLOGY TO COMBAT HUNGER IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Altieri,   Miguel A.; Rosset,   Peter; Thrupp,   Lori Ann.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16207

Approche méthodologique. Analyse de la compétitivité et l'évolution des avantages comparatifs dans la sous-région.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Boubacar Cisse; Crawford,   Eric W.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mali; Food security; Rice; Maize; West Africa; Competivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q12; Q18; Q17; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58550

Does Income Really Matter? Nonparametric and Parametric Estimates of the Demand for Calories in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdulai,   Awudu; Aubert,   Dominique.
This study employs both nonparametric and parametric methods to examine the influence of household expenditure and other demographic variables on household consumption of calories in Tanzania, using recent survey data. Under each estimation strategy we employ, we find significant and positive relationship between household expenditure and calorie consumption. Even with an estimation strategy that ensures consistent estimates in the presence of measurement error, the calorie-expenditure elasticity is 0.46, a finding that is consistent with the traditional view that, increases in household income will improve calorie intake and help alleviate inadequate nutrition.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24863

ONE KIND OF FREEDOM: POVERTY DYNAMICS IN POST-APARTHEID AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carter,   Michael R.; May,   Julian.
The legacy of apartheid had much to do with the extraordinary levels of inequality and human insecurity found by the first ever nationally representative living standards survey undertaken in South Africa in 1993. Drawing on a 1998 re-survey of households in the 1993 study, this paper explores whether this legacy has been superseded, or whether apartheid's end has been only one kind of freedom that has left households in a poverty trap from which they cannot escape. The evidence indicates that significant numbers of South African poor are trapped in chronic, structural poverty, lacking the assets and entitlements needed to successfully escape poverty over time.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12667

Integrated Report: Food Security Strategies for Selected South Pacific Island Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simatupang,   Pantjar; Fleming,   Euan M.
This working paper is a summary of the results of the research project "Food Security Strategies for Selected South Pacific Island Countries" which are published separately in four country study reports and a workshop proceedings. The "SouthPIC" project was formulated based on observation that, although historically there is little evidence of chronic food shortage in the South Pacific island countries, some new emerging trends may have gradually eroded the adaptive strength of the national food security systems in the region. The general objectives of this project are to analyze food security conditions in selected South Pacific island countries and to formulate appropriate policy options for their food security strategies.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Research projects; Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32661

A plot of one's own: gender relations and irrigated land allocation policies in Burkina Faso
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zwarteveen,   Margreet Z.
Discusses the potential opportunities and pitfalls of introducing market forces into the process of water allocation. Proposes several preconditions for beneficial privatization of water allocation and argues for a more sophisticated form of analysis than that generally allowed by proponents of basic needs or of free market approaches.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Women in development; Gender; Land use; Land management; Policy; Female labor; Households; Irrigated farming; Social impact; West Africa; Burkina Faso; Dakiri; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61114

PERSISTENT POVERTY ACROSS THE RURAL-URBAN CONTINUUM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miller,   Kathleen K.; Weber,   Bruce A.
Persistent poverty is overwhelmingly rural and is very geographically concentrated.  We have redefined the USDA ERS persistent poverty classification to include metropolitan counties meeting the 20 percent or higher poor criterion and we extend the time period through the 2000 Census. With this updated definition, there are 382 counties that have had poverty rates of 20 percent or more in each decennial census between 1960 and 2000. These persistent poverty counties are overwhelmingly rural (95 percent) and disproportionately rural (16 percent of nonmetro counties versus 2 percent of metro). The local economic environment in persistent poverty counties is much less favorable than in the nation as a whole. Per capita income is lower and unemployment rates...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18910

More Than Just Food: The Diverse Effects of Food Assistance Programs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jensen,   Helen H.; Wilde,   Parke E.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I18; I38; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95752

Institutional Learning and Change: An initiative to promote greater impact through agricultural research for poverty alleviation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watts,   Jamie; Horton,   Douglas.
The ILAC Initiative consists of an evolving community of individuals committed to increasing the contributions of agricultural research to sustainable poverty reduction around the world. ILAC promotes research, methodology development and capacity development to increase understanding of agricultural change processes and increase the effectiveness of interventions to stimulate pro-poor innovation. This paper presents a broad overview of ILAC, including its background, origins and evolution, objectives and activities.  It also presents the initiative’s central hypothesis and a set of guiding questions. Theoretical frameworks that show promise for increasing understanding of issues related to capacities to learn, facilitate innovation, and contribute to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural; Research; ILAC; Pro-poor; Innovation; Farmers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52536

The potential gains from geographical targeting of anti-poverty programs in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kraybill,   David S.; Bashaasha,   Bernard.
Governments do not have enough resources to make anti-poverty programs available to everyone in many African countries. Targeting the poorest populations could increase the efficiency of available program resources. Anti-poverty programs could target either households or geographical areas. This study compares the potential poverty reduction impact of these two approaches in Uganda. The impact of various policy changes on the poverty rate in Uganda is simulated using the estimated parameters of an econometric model of household consumption. The policies examined are family-planning, increased primary school attendance, increased secondary school attendance, expansion of formal employment and micro-enterprise expansion. The results reveal gains in poverty...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Geographical targeting; Household targeting; Policy simulation; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57020

O Papel do Mercado de Trabalho, Microempresas, e Agricultura na Reducao da Pobreza Rural em Mocambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Benfica,   Rui M.S.
Resultados das investigações do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55220

Development and Dissemination of Improved Cassava Varieties in Uganda: Analysis of Adoption Rates, Variety Attributes and Speed of Adoption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abele,   Steffen; Twine,   Edgar; Ntawuruhunga,   Pheneas; Baguma,   Yonah; Kanobe,   Charles; Bua,   Anthony.
The transition out of extreme poverty and hunger in agrarian economies requires an understanding of how new agricultural technologies are adopted by poor farmers. In Uganda, improved germplasm from the cassava breeding program has generated new varieties that are increasingly being grown by farmers. Although considerable success has been achieved in adoption of these varieties in general, there is increasing pressure on breeding and technology dissemination programs to improve the targeting of their efforts. This paper identifies the specific cassava varieties adopted thus far and their desirable and undesirable attributes. In addition, it determines the adoption rates of these varieties and the factors that have influenced the speed of adoption of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Cassava; Breeding; Adoption; Variety Attributes; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52198

How Can Economists Help Clear Landmines and Unexploded Ordnance?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marsh,   Dan.
Millions of mines lie in or on the ground in 62 countries resulting in thousands of deaths and injuries each year. Most mines are cleared using probes and hand held mine detectors; although sniffer dogs and a variety of machines are becoming more common. Clearing landmines is very expensive with costs often reaching US$10 per square metre; over US$1.5 billion has been spent on clearing mines since 1992. Most of the organisations involved in mine clearance have concentrated on technical aspects and put less emphasis on the most cost effective way of getting the job done. This paper reviews the contribution that economists can make in the area of humanitarian mine clearance and describes the development of a software package and manual designed to help...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mine Clearance; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Software Model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98503

National and International Agricultural Research and Poverty: Findings in the case of wheat in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chan-Kang,   Connie; Fan,   Shenggen; Qian,   Keming.
The objective of this paper is to assess the economic and poverty impact of wheat research in China and the contribution of CIMMYT.  Our results show that wheat research conducted by China and CIMMYT contributed significantly to increases in wheat production in China.  These research benefits amounted respectively to 1.1 billion and 6.1 billion US dollars (measured in 2000 constant price) in 1982 and 1998.  These represent 11.9 to 22.7 percent of the total value of wheat production.  The impact of CIMMYT breeding research through direct sowing or use as breeding material is not very significant in China.  However, these results may mask important variations across provinces within China.  Offspring of CIMMYT varieties are mostly planted in Southwestern and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22185

Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production in Asian Countries: Evidence from Panel Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lee,   Jaehyuk; Nadolnyak,   Denis A.; Hartarska,   Valentina M.
We analyze the impact of climate change on agricultural production in 13 Asian countries for 1998-2007 estimating country-level FE panel model using climate variables. Higher summer temperature and rainfall increase production, higher fall temperature decreases it in Southeast Asia, and increase in annual temperature decreases agricultural production in Asian countries.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Production; Food security; Asia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119808

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH IS THE KEY TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN LOW-INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16362

Rural Investments to Accelerate Growth and Poverty Reduction in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thurlow,   James; Kiringai,   Jane; Gautam,   Madhur.
Kenya’s economy is relatively diverse, with both agricultural and industrial potential. However, the economy has performed poorly over the last decade, and poverty and inequality have risen. This paper examines the impact of alternative growth paths and rural investments on poverty using an economy-wide model. It finds that if Kenya continues along its current growth path, its economy will have to grow by more than 10 percent per year over the coming decade to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of halving poverty by 2015. Therefore, Kenya must search for alternative sources of poverty-reducing growth. The results of the model indicate that poverty is unlikely to decline significantly without an acceleration of agricultural growth. Growth in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Rural investment; Poverty; Inequality; Kenya; Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42376

THE EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE SYSTEM - FINDINGS FROM THE PROVIDER SURVEY, VOLUME II: FINAL REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ohls,   James; Saleem-Ismail,   Fazana; Cohen,   Rhoda; Cox,   Brenda.
Findings of the first comprehensive government study of the Emergency Food Assistance System (EFAS) suggest that public and private food assistance may work in tandem to provide more comprehensive food assistance than either could provide by itself. Five major types of organizations (emergency kitchens, food pantries, food banks, food rescue organizations, and emergency food organizations) operate in the EFAS. About 5,300 emergency kitchens provide more than 173 million meals a year, and 32,700 food pantries distribute about 2.9 billion pounds of food a year, which translates into roughly 2,200 million meals. Despite substantial amounts of food distributed by the system, the EFAS remains much smaller in scale than the Federal programs. This study, which...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food pantry; Emergency kitchen; Food bank; Food rescue organization; Emergency food organization; TEFAP; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33797

Ecosystems for water and food security. [Background paper]
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agroecosystems; Agriculture; Food security; Food production; Water scarcity; Water management; Water productivity; Wetlands; Water use; Decision making; Environmental flows; Developing countries; Hunger; Poverty; Fisheries; Climate change; Agroforestry; Biodiversity; Rangelands; Livestock; Rainfed farming; Policy; Landscape; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124386

Why Have Some Indian States Performed Better Than Others at Reducing Rural Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Ravallion,   Martin.
Rural poverty rankings of Indian states in 1990 were very different from 1960. This unevenness in progress allows us to study the causes of poverty in a developing rural economy. We model the evolution of various poverty measures, using pooled state-level data for the period 1957-91. Differences in trend rates of poverty reduction are attributed to differing growth rates of farm yield per acre, and differing initial conditions; states starting with better infrastructure and human resources saw significantly higher long-term rates of poverty reduction. Deviations from the trend are attributed to inflation (which hurt the poor in the short term) and shocks to farm and nonfarm output.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42664

Micronutrient Malnutrition, Obesity, and Chronic Disease in Countries Undergoing the Nutrition Transition: Potential Links and Program/Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eckhardt,   Cara L.
Background: The nutrition transition occurring in many developing countries may invite the misconception that diets are moving entirely away from undernutrition toward problems of excess. But despite the sufficiency of energy in these countries, diet quality is poor and micronutrient deficiencies often remain. In this context, micronutrient deficiencies may actually contribute to the development and severity of diet-related chronic diseases. Objectives: This paper discusses the potential long-term effects of micronutrient malnutrition in early childhood on obesity and related disease outcomes. The links between early micronutrient malnutrition, stunting, and subsequent short adult stature— emerging risk factors for obesity and associated chronic...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Diet quality; Micronutrient malnutrition; Obesity; Chronic disease; Cancer; Adults; Children; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55889

DETERMINANTS OF THE DEMAND FOR ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL FRESH MILK IN GERMANY– AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schrock,   Rebecca.
An increasing number of studies deals with consumer decisions regarding organic food, but only a few provide quantitative estimates of price and income elasticities. This paper contributes to the existing literature by providing own-price elasticity estimates as well as an analysis of the sociodemographic determinants of demand for organic milk. The analysis is based on the GfK Consumer Scan Scanner panel dataset on food purchases of German households covering a sample period of four years from 2004 to 2007. A two-step estimation procedure is applied. First, a probit regression examines which household characteristics affect the probability to buy organic milk. Second, a fixed-effects panel regression determines factors that have an impact on the quantity...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic milk; Household Panel; Probit Analysis; Fixed-Effects-Panel Analysis; Price elasticity; Private-labels; Germany; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C23; C24; C25; D12; M31; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116387

High Food Prices and Developing Countries: Policy Responses at Home and Abroad
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardwell,   Ryan T.; Barichello,   Richard R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Trade; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54970

Evaluating the Impact of Biofortification: A Meta-analysis of Community-level Studies on Quality Protein Maize (QPM)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gunaratna,   Nilupa S.; De Groote,   Hugo; McCabe,   G.P.
Biofortification, or the genetic improvement of the nutritional quality of food crops, is a promising strategy to combat undernutrition, particularly among the rural poor in developing countries. However, traditional methods of impact assessment do not apply to biofortified crops as little or no yield increases are expected. Significant progress has been made to develop maize varieties with improved protein quality, collectively known as quality protein maize (QPM). Evidence for the impact of QPM at the community level, as demonstrated by randomized, controlled studies, was evaluated using meta-analysis. A new and generalizable effect size was proposed to quantify the impact of QPM on a key outcome, child growth. The results indicated that consumption of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact assessment; Biofortification; Meta-analysis; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44166

HUNGER SIGNS IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackmore,   John.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14246

WORKING WOMEN IN AN URBAN SETTING: TRADERS, VENDORS, AND FOOD SECURITY IN ACCRA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levin,   Carol E.; Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Armar-Klemesu,   Margaret; Ruel,   Marie T.; Morris,   Saul Sutkover; Ahiadeke,   Clement.
Data collected from a 1997 household survey carried out in Accra, Ghana, are used to look at the crucial role that women play as income earners and in securing access to food in urban areas. One-third of the households surveyed are headed by women. For all households, women's labor force participation is high, with 75 percent of all households having at least one working woman. The high number of female-headed households and the large percent of working women in the sample provide a good backdrop for looking at how women earn and spend income differently than men in an urban area. Livelihood strategies for both men and women are predominantly labor based and dependent on social networks. For all households in the sample, food is still the single most...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94523

Post Welfare Reform, the Poorest Children Receive Lower Benefits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Todd,   Jessica E.; Newman,   Constance.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121974

Rural Finance Policies for Food Security of the Poor: Methodologies for a Multicountry Research Project
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Babu,   Suresh Chandra; Broca,   Sumiter; Diagne,   Aliou; Sharma,   Manohar P.
The objective of IFPRI's multicountry research program on rural financial policies for food security of the poor is to identify policies and institutional arrangements that help the poor integrate themselves into sustainable savings and credit systems such that they have an increased capacity to invest, bear risk, and smooth consumption. The focus of the research on policy and program design and their effects on household investment and consumption requires field data collection at the institutional and household level. This paper presents the underlying conceptual framework and various methodological approaches that have been reviewed and tested by the team at IFPRI and at collaborating institutions. Methodologies are presented for analysis at the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Developing Countries; Financial Institutions; Households; Economic Aspects; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97308

Impacts of Prime Age Adult Mortality on Rural Household Income, Assets, and Poverty in Mozambique: Analysis with the TIA Panel Data Set
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Mather,   David.
Research Results from the Department of Statistics and the Policy Department, MINAG-Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy Mozambique; HIV/AIDS; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55254

Cassava Commercialization in Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kambewa,   Emma.
Malawi continues to rely on maize for household food security. Policies to enhance food security continue to target maize production. Traditionally production and use of cassava was localized in lakeshore areas until the past two decades when maize production was increasingly affected by rainfall variability. Cassava as an alternate food crop has rapidly gained popularity and commercialization of the cassava sector is steadily taking off. Policy and institutional support to diversify the food security basket and promote the diversified applications of cassava in non-food sector has propelled cassava production in nontraditional growing areas. Production has more than quadrupled over the last decade with production of sweet cassava rapidly expanding in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97033

Natural Resource Management, Food Security, and Rural Development in Zambia: Moving From Research Evidence to Action Proceedings of the Public Forum
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simasiku,   Phyllis; Chapoto,   Antony; Richardson,   Robert B.; Sichilongo,   Mwape; Tembo,   Gelson; Weber,   Michael T.; Zulu,   Alimakio.
Natural resource use, including land, and rural population location is an   important topic for Zambia's development strategy. Among other efforts, the   Government of Zambia (GRZ) has designated 22% of total land area, as Game   Management Areas (GMAs) for human settlements and wildlife conservation.   Other GRZ programmes seek to improve food security and agricultural   productivity, including the use and improvement of conservation farming   techniques. GRZ is currently reviewing policies in the agricultural, forestry,   fisheries, wildlife and land sectors. Research in these fields has much to  contribute to effective management of MAs, increased agricultural productivity and improved welfare, especially for the rural population.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Africa; Natural resources management; GMA; Wildlife management policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q34.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58518

What Factors Account for State-to-State Differences in Food Security?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bartfeld,   Judi; Dunifon,   Rachel; Nord,   Mark; Carlson,   Steven.
States differ in the extent to which their residents are food secure—meaning that they have consistent access to enough food for active, healthy living. The prevalence of food security in a State depends not only on the characteristics of households in the State, such as their income, employment, and household structure, but also on State-level characteristics, such as average wages, cost of housing, levels of participation in food assistance programs, and tax policies. Taken together, an identified set of household-level and State-level factors account for most of the State-to-State differences in food security. Some State-level factors point to specific policies that are likely to improve food security, such as policies that increase the supply of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Very low food security; State predictors of food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7086

Innovation Trajectories in Honduras’ Coffee Value Chain. Public and Private Influence on the Use of New Knowledge and Technology among Coffee Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartwich,   Frank; Fromm,   Ingrid; Romero,   Gustavo.
In this paper, results from a study on the use of improved coffee production technology schemes among smallholder coffee producers in three prominent coffee producing regions in Honduras are presented. The impact of various schemes (trajectories) in which different agents influence the producers’ decision to use new technologies was analyzed. In particular, there are differences in the influence of a) private coffee buying organizations and b) government and public development agencies on the innovation behavior of coffee growers. Drawing from network data that depict the internal and outbound connectedness of producers in three village communities in main coffee producing zones in Honduras, tools of social network analysis were applied to find out how...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Coffee production; Innovation; Upgrading; Social networks; Honduras; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97027

Spatial Patterns of Food Staple Production and Marketing in South East Africa: Implications for Trade Policy and Emergency Response
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Longabaugh,   Steven; Tschirley,   David L.
This paper aims to develop and test methods for spatial mapping of population, food production, consumption, and marketed quantities in Africa. As an initial, exploratory exercise, the paper examines the spatial pattern of population, food production, consumption, and trade in the three countries of Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique. This largely descriptive initial work will lay the empirical foundations for future analytical work modeling regional trade flows of food staples. By mapping population, food production, and trade flows, the paper aims to help policy makers better understand and anticipate spatial interactions in staple food markets. Through visual presentation of market information, these spatial mapping tools offer prospects for animating an...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Production; Marketing; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54553

STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE USDA FOOD INSECURITY INDEX
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Opsomer,   Jean D.; Jensen,   Helen H.; Nusser,   Sarah M.; Drignei,   Dorin; Amemiya,   Yasuo.
This paper reviews the statistical properties of the model used to obtain estimates of the prevalence and severity of poverty-linked food insecurity and hunger in the United States. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has annually sponsored data collection efforts to obtain information on food insecurity and hunger since 1995. The assessment of household food insecurity is based on a one-parameter logistic item response model, also referred to as a Rasch model, and applied to a series of 18 questions reported in the Current Population Survey Food Security Module. The paper was used as the basis for discussions concerning future directions of research on the food insecurity measure. This report was originally released in July 1999.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18442

Can Process Conditionality Enhance Aid Effectiveness? The Role of Bureaucratic Interest and Public Pressure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hefeker,   Carsten; Michaelowa,   Katharina.
Can process conditionality really enhance poverty reduction in developing countries? This question is addressed in the framework of a politico-economic model considering political distortions both on the recipient and on the donor side. It turns out that process conditionality is a very useful tool to raise the welfare of the poor as long as the international aid organizations hold all necessary information to assess the political situation in recipient countries and to select the true representatives of the poor into a participatory process. If they do not hold this information or if other bureaucratic interests reduce their incentive to acquire this information, process conditionality loses its effectiveness in achieving the desired objective.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty reduction; Process conditionality; Political economy of international organizations.; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy; D72; D73; F35; O19.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26389

Relationship between Income-poverty and Food insecurity in Rural Far-western Mid-hills of Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maharjan,   Keshav Lall; Joshi,   Niraj Prakash.
For the purpose of this study, sample was selected through stratified random sampling from Baitadi district, which falls in rural Far-western Hills of Nepal. Both income and consumption measures of poverty revealed that problem of poverty is more severe in Melauli, which is relatively remote village devoid of transportation, communication, market, and other developmental services. Education, occupation, gender of household head, and family size are found to be the most important factors that affect income-poverty as well as consumption-poverty (food insecurity). Caste and landholding size has a significant effect on food insecurity. Households with illiterate head, head engaged in laboring, female-head, larger family size, Occupational Caste household, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income-poverty; Consumption-poverty; Baitadi district; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51462

Could Behavioral Economics Help Improve Diet Quality for Nutrition Assistance Program Participants?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Just,   David R.; Mancino,   Lisa; Wansink,   Brian.
Findings from behavioral and psychological studies indicate that people regularly and predictably behave in ways that contradict some standard assumptions of economic analysis. Recognizing that consumption choices are determined by factors other than prices, income, and information illuminates a broad array of strategies to influence consumers’ food choices. These strategies expand the list of possible ideas for improving the diet quality and health of participants in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food Stamp Program; the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC); and the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Behavioral economics; Food consumption; Obesity; Food stamps; National School Lunch Program; Nutrition assistance; WIC; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6391

India’s water future to 2025-2050: business-as-usual scenario and deviations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Shah,   Tushaar; Turral,   Hugh; Anand,   B.K.
With a rapidly expanding economy many changes are taking place in India today. The business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, which assumes the continuation of current trends of key water demand drivers, will meet the future food demand. However, it leads to a severe regional water crisis by 2050, where many river basins will reach closure, will be physically water-scarce and will have regions with severely overexploited groundwater resources. While the alternative scenarios of water demand show both optimistic and pessimistic water futures, the scenario with additional productivity growth is the most optimistic, with significant scope for reducing future water demand.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water demand; Water supply; Population growth; Crop production; Crop yield; Groundwater; Irrigation; Food security; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44522

The CGIAR at a Crossroads: Assessing the role of international agricultural research in poverty alleviation from an innovation systems perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ekboir,   Javier M.
Globalization, technical change and migration are changing the dynamics of poverty and food production. These factors, combined with a better understanding of the nature of complex processes, are also changing the nature of scientific research, the roles researchers can play in poverty alleviation and the niches in which the CGIAR can operate. While keeping strong breeding and research programs, the CGIAR should devote increasing resources to better characterize the dynamics of poverty, redefine the networks it will use to promote the use of scientific information to foster innovation, link local innovators and researchers with international scientific networks, and help to build innovative capabilities in developing countries. These capabilities should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CGIAR; Innovation; Agricultural research; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52534

IMPACTS OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON AGRICULTURE AND POVERTY IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Jikun; Rozelle,   Scott; Xu,   Zhigang; Li,   Ninghui.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23681

WORLD NEEDS FOR FOOD AND FIBER: SOME ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF SCIENCE REQUIREMENTS, RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT, AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abel,   Martin E.
This paper addresses itself to three aspects of world food and fiber needs and the protection of the ecosystem. The first is to distinguish between food and fiber needs of the world on the one hand, and the production of food and fiber in developing countries as part of a long-term process of economic development on the other. The second area of attention is the role of science and technology in the process of agricultural modernization and development. Finally, we will look at a class of problems dealing with socially costly externalities associated with agricultural development and the use of new technologies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13929

Conceptualizing Economic Marginalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51111

THE EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE SYSTEM - FINDINGS FROM THE CLIENT SURVEY; EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Briefel,   Ronette; Jacobson,   Jonathan; Clusen,   Nancy; Zavitsky,   Teresa; Satake,   Miki; Dawson,   Brittany; Cohen,   Rhoda.
During a typical month in 2001, food pantries served about 12.5 million people, and emergency kitchens served about 1.1 million people. Food pantries and emergency kitchens play an important role in feeding America's low-income and needy populations. These organizations are part of the Emergency Food Assistance System (EFAS), a network run largely by private organizations with some Federal support. This report presents findings from a national study of EFAS clients, which surveyed clients who received emergency food assistance from selected food pantries and emergency kitchens. The study finds that food pantries and emergency kitchens serve a diverse clientele, but that almost three-fourths of those served are food insecure. The majority of EFAS households...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Emergency food; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Community kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Food bank; Emergency food organization; Hunger; Food insecurity; Food security; Food assistance; Faith-based organization; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33861

AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF POVERTY AND INCOME INEQUALITY IN WEST VIRGINIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Desousa-Brown,   Semoa; Gebremedhin,   Tesfa G.
OLS and 2SLS regressions and cross-sectional county data are used to examine the major determinants of poverty and income inequality in rural counties of West Virginia. The empirical findings confirm the possibility of simultaneity between poverty and income inequality. Poverty is the main determinant of increased levels of income inequality.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20223

Food Aid, External Trade and Domestic Markets: Implications for Food Security in Darfur
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Subran,   Ludovic.
In the last decade, internal conflict has greatly hindered market transactions across regions of Sudan, especially transactions between Darfur and the Rest of Sudan. Food aid has helped to offset not only the absence of commercial inflows of grain, but also reductions in Darfur’s cereal production. This paper explores the determinants of cereal prices in Sudan utilizing a simple partial equilibrium framework for wheat and sorghum, the country’s two main food staples. We also present econometric evidence on the lack of integration of sorghum markets between Darfur and central Sudan, along with quantitative estimates of the impacts of food aid on market prices in the region. The paper concludes with a discussion of national food policy and the paradox of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51453

Features of Urban Food and Nutrition Security and Considerations for Successful Urban Programming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Garrett,   James L.
In this paper we discuss the wide disparities that exist in childhood malnutrition, food insecurity and livelihoods within urban areas which, when combined with the mobility of urban residents, add to the complexity of designing, targeting and implementing urban programmes. Livelihood security in urban areas is dependent on cash income, especially for food expenditures, and hence employment.  For women, employment brings about the need for support with childcare; we analyse a programme that provides the double benefit of delivering affordable and reliable childcare for extended hours, and allowing women to secure a more formal employment and obtaining employment benefits. Other factors that need to be considered in shaping urban programmes include land and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Urban food security; Food expenditures; Employment; Childcare; Urban programming; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12002

Pathways out of poverty through cassava, maize and soybean in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nareenat,   Roonnaphai.
This phase II covers the case study survey and interviews with farmers growing cassava, soybean and maize in the major producing areas, namely cassava farmers in Nakhonratchasima, soybean farmers in Sukhotai and maize farmers in Nakhonsawan, with the major objectives of studying the returns of diverse farming involving three CGPRT and other crops. Opportunities and constraints for the farm families are analysed together with the related industries and marketing systems in the survey areas. Furthermore, analysis of related institutional support and policy suggestions to promote and expand sustainable diverse farming are also conducted.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32692

Maize Exportation Threat to Rural Food Security? Results of a Survey of Rural Households in Northern Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: SIMA, Research Team.
Research results from SIMA-Department of Statistics and Department of Policy Analysis MADER-Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Maize; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55225

Transmission des fluctuations et calcul des prix de parité à l’importation du riz en et du maïs en Guinée
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diakite,   Yacouba.
Calculation of maize and rice parity prices in Guinea.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Guinea; Parity prices; Markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62167

Poverty and Employment in Timber-Dependent Counties
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berck,   Peter; Costello,   Christopher; Fortmann,   Louise; Hoffmann,   Sandra A.
One of the most controversial aspects of federal and state policies aimed at protecting old-growth ecosystems has been the potential impact of job losses on local economies. A fundamental question for historically timber-dependent communities is whether these policies will result in local economic stagnation and enduring pockets of poverty. In this paper, we examine the long-run impact of changes in timber-related employment on other types of employment and participation in major federal poverty programs. We use monthly, multi-county time series data to estimate a vector autoregressive model of the experience of northern California counties during the 1980s and 1990s. We find that employment base multiplier effects of timber employment on other types of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forest policy; Poverty; Employment; Time series; Food Security and Poverty; Q23; O15; R11; R15.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10831

A Farm Gate-to-Consumer Value Chain Analysis of Kenya’s Maize Marketing System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirimi,   Lilian; Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Karin,   Francis; Muyanga,   Milu; Sheahan,   Megan; Flock,   James; Bor,   Gilbert.
Based on the findings of this study, the following actions are proposed for consideration by the Government of Kenya: 1. Raise public investment in maize seed breeding and agronomic research to make it possible for improvements in smallholder crop productivity. Based on research evaluating the returns to alternative investments in agriculture, public expenditures in maize seed breeding and agronomy may constitute the single most important investment to promote broad-based productivity growth and poverty reduction in Kenya. 2. Explore options for improving public and private extension programs to enable farmers to adopt improved farm technologies generated from point 1. 3. Examine options for bringing more land in Kenya under potential cultivation by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Maize; Marketing; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101172

Forward
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clements,   R.J.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124055

THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF A FISCAL FOOD POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard.
This paper examines the health effects of a fiscal food policy based on a combination of fat taxes and thin subsidies. The fat tax is based on the saturated fat content of food items while the thin subsidy is applied to select fruit and vegetable items. The policy is designed to be revenue neutral so that the subsidy exactly offsets the revenue from the fat tax. A model of food demand is estimated using Bayesian methods that accounts for censoring and infrequency of purchase (the problem of unit values is also discussed). The estimated of demand elasticities are used to compute nutrient elasticities which demonstrate how consumption of specific nutrients changes based on price changes in particular foods from the fiscal policy. Results show that while the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bayesian estimation; Censoring; Fat tax; Infrequency of purchase; Nutrient elasticities; Obesity; Thin subsidy; Unit values; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D30; D60; H20; I10; I30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116394

The Impact of Regional Food Cost Differences on the TFP Recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Ge; You,   Wen; Carlson,   Andrea; Lin,   Biing-Hwan.
The Thrifty Food Plan (TFP) adapts a national average price and stipulates that all foods should be prepared at home (FAH). Our purpose was to calculate the TFP with regional prices and add Food Away From Home (FAFH) into the TFP model. Measures were calculated and compared across the TFP, the regional models with FAFH, and low-income consumers’ diet pattern. The preliminary results indicated that considering moderate FAFH in the TFP yielded similar nutrient and food group composition as the TFP with FAFH added in it, while  greatly increased the practicality and adaptability of the recommendations. However, the regional TFP costs are all larger than the TFP with FAFH cost. These findings  may be used by nutrition educators to develop healthful FAFH...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional; Food Cost; The TFP; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61643

Review on Suitability of Available LCIA Methodologies for Assessing Environmental Impact of the Food Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amani,   Pegah; Schiefer,   Gerhard.
Production, processing, distribution, and consumption of a wide variety of products in the food sector have different ranges of environmental impacts. Methodologies used in environmental impact assessment differ in which set of impact categories is covered and which models are used to assess them. In the food sector, life cycle assessment results are mostly presented without any clear distinction of the principles applied to selecting the relevant methodology. In this paper, the most relevant life cycle impact assessment methodologies are determined from the list of recommended methodologies published recently in the international reference life cycle data system (ILCD) handbook. The range of the relevant impacts covered is considered as the main indicator...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food chain sustainability; Environmental impact; Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA); LCIA methodologies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121858

Consumer valuation of health attributes in food
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smed,   Sinne; Hansen,   Lars Garn.
In modern societies consumers often face a trade-off between health and taste, the latter which encourages consumption of fatty, salty and sweet foods, whereas health awareness discourages consumption of the same food. The resulting diet, often rich in calories, sweeteners and fat constitutes a threat to public health as poor nutrition has been linked to several types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis as well as overweight and obesity. In this study we use the hedonic model as an outset to model consumer valuation of nutritional and non-nutritional characteristics of food consumption in a consistent way, accounting for that nutrients might influence utility both through health and through taste. This implies that a given...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hedonic model; Taste; Health; Food consumption; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116390

PEST MANAGEMENT AND FOOD PRODUCTION: LOOKING TO THE FUTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yudelman,   Montague; Ratta,   Annu; Nygaard,   David F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16210

Implementing Physical and Virtual Food Reserves to Protect the Poor and Prevent Market Failure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Torero,   Maximo.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49997

Consumer incentives to comply with nutritional recommendations – an economic approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dejgaard Jensen,   Jorgen; Hansen,   Aslak H.; Fagt,   Sisse; Velsing Groth,   Margit.
Inappropriate diets have been found to cause long-term health problems in most industrial and post-industrial countries worldwide. Despite the existence of dietary guidelines in many countries – and widespread familiarity with these guidelines – large shares of the populations do not comply with these guidelines. The objective of the paper is to investigate economic explanations for non-compliance quantitatively, focusing on consumers’ perceived value of reduced freedom of choice, if they should comply with the dietary recommendations. The paper establishes and econometric simulation model for Danish food consumers, which is used for calculating these economic welfare losses, as well as the contribution to these losses from individual recommendations....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutritional guidelines; Compensating variation; Econometric model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; I12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116432

Should I Make or Should I Buy? Innovation Strategies and Governance Structures in the Italian Food Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pascucci,   Stefano; Royer,   Annie; Bijman,   Jos.
This paper analyses the “make or buy” decision of food firms applied to innovation strategy using 389 Italian food firms data from the Unicredit 2007 database. We develop a set of hypothesis from three theoretical perspectives such as transaction cost economics, strategic management and resource-based view. Our paper aims at highlight whether or not different firm’s features can be linked to the decision to make or buy. We found out that these two decisions are positively interlinked. Moreover we also found out that it is difficult to indicate a clear-cut behaviour for the Italian food firms if we refer to making or buying decisions. We discuss these results and use them to bring some interesting outcomes to discuss managerial implications and/or policy...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation determinants; Technology sourcing; Innovation.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121856

Household Food Insecurity, Rapid Food Price Inflation and the Economic Downturn
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jacobs,   Peter T.
How did the upsurge in food price inflation in 2007-2009 and the 2008-2009 economic down affect experiences of household hunger according to recent Generalized Household Surveys? Findings from the 2008 round of the GHS, a large nationally representative survey conducted annually by the official statistical agency, show an unsurprising rise in household experiences of hunger in the order of 2-3 percentage points. But this merely captured the early onset of two intersecting crises, excluding the dramatic rise in job losses recorded even as the recovery got underway. An in-depth exploration of this dataset and comparing its findings to similar household cohorts for the 2006 and 2007 rounds of the GHS show that female-headed households suffered more than...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96436

Food in the Third World: Past Trends and Projections to 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paulino,   Leonardo A.
In 1977, IFPRI published Research Report 3, Food Needs of Developing Countries: Projections of Production and Consumption to 1990, which presented an assessment of the current and prospective food situation of developing market economies. The study covered major food crops (cereals, roots and timbers, pluses, and groundnuts) in 82 countries and used 10960-75 data on cereals from USDA and noncereals from the FAO. It made trend-bases projections of food production and consumption into the future, which pointed to a possible gross deficit of 120-145 million metric tons by the end of the current decade. The report also called attention to the special food problem of the low income countries in Asia and Sub-Saharan African “Whose major option is to increase...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42176

Policy Analysis for Sustainable Land Management and Food Security in Ethiopia: A Bioeconomic Model with Market Imperfections Food Security in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holden,   Stein T.; Shiferaw,   Bekele A.; Pender,   John L.
Soil fertility and the lack of fertilizer use in Africa are frequently discussed topics. The problems of land degradation and low agricultural productivity, which result in food insecurity and poverty, are particularly severe in the rural highlands of Ethiopia. In many areas, a downward spiral of land degradation and poverty appears to be occurring. Finding solutions to these problems requires identifying effective entry points for farmers, governments, and civil society organizations, and understanding the potential impacts and tradeoffs that are likely to arise from alternative interventions. This report seeks to improve that understanding, using a bioeconomic model of land management and agricultural production developed for a community that is fairly...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Ethiopia; Food supply; Sustainable agriculture; Sustainable development; Government policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37890

RETHINKING FOOD AID TO FIGHT HIV/AIDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Stuart; Kadiyala,   Suneetha.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15960

Cover and Contents Pages
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes:  Front Cover, Editorial Information, Contents Page, Editorial Board, Association Officers, Executive Committee
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55552

Farm Productivity and Rural Poverty in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Ravallion,   Martin.
To what extent do India’s rural poor share in agricultural growth? Combining data from 24 household sample surveys spanning 35 years with other sources, we estimate a model of the joint determination of consumption-poverty measures, agricultural wages, and food prices. We find that higher farm productivity brought both absolute and relative gains to poor rural households. A large share of the gains were via wages and prices, though these effects took time. The benefits to the poor were not confined to those near the poverty line.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm income; India; Rural poor; Prices; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97041

Buying Power of WIC Fruit and Vegetable Voucher Varies Across the Country
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kumcu,   Aylin.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121020

Beyond the Tipping Point: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Urbanization and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beall,   Jo; Guha-Khasnobis,   Basudeb; Kanbur,   Ravi.
By many estimates, the world has just crossed the point where more than half the world’s population is urban, a trend driven by rapid urbanization in developing countries. Urban centers offer economies of scale in terms of productive enterprise and public investment. Cities are social melting pots, centers of innovation and drivers of social change. However, cities are also marked by social differentiation, poverty, conflict and environmental degradation. These are all issues that not only matter to cities but also lie at the heart of development. As such the time is right to consider afresh the relationship between cities and development. This paper introduces a significant new collection of multidisciplinary papers focused on urbanization and its...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51179

Targeting and Calibrating Educational Grants for Greater Efficiency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; de Janvry,   Alain.
Using grants programs to induce poor parents to send their children to school has received considerable attention as an instrument to break the inheritance of poverty. Yet, the cost of these programs tends to be quite high so that increasing their efficiency is an important issue that needs to be researched. We use the educational component of Progresa in Mexico to explore alternative targeting and calibrating schemes to achieve this purpose. We show that targeting on risk of non-enrollment instead of targeting on poverty, as currently done, would be implementable and create huge efficiency gains. To start with, this would concentrate grants on secondary school since attendance to primary school is virtually universal, saving 55% of the educational budget....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25111

Technology, preferences and the sustainable intensification of agricultural production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Russell,   Noel P.; Omer,   Amani A.; Pascual,   Unai.
This paper addresses the relationship between agrobiodiversity conservation and sustainable agricultural intensification. A stylised theoretical model is used to explore the conditions by which both agrobiodiversity and conventional input intensification may increase through optimal adjustments of input use in biodiversity poor agroecosystems. The model shows that this result can arise in quite general circumstances where there is (1) an agricultural production technology that allows a positive relationship between ecological integrity of a given agricultural area and agricultural productivity in that area, and (2) decision maker preferences that recognise this positive relationship and generate resource allocation decisions that support it. While increase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agrobiodiversity; Sustainable agricultural intensification; Ecosystem services; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51743

DOES URBAN AGRICULTURE HELP PREVENT MALNUTRITION? EVIDENCE FROM KAMPALA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Levin,   Carol E.; Csete,   Joanne.
Previous research has suggested that urban agriculture has a positive impact on the household food security and nutritional status of low-socioeconomic status groups in cities in Sub-Saharan Africa, but a formal test of the link between semisubsistence urban food production and nutritional status has not accompanied these claims. This paper seeks to redress this gap in the growing literature on urban agriculture through an analysis of the determinants of the nutritional status of children under five in Kampala, Uganda, where roughly one-third of all households in the sample engage in some form of urban agriculture. When controlling for other individual child, maternal, and household characteristics, these data indicate that urban agriculture has a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94866

TRICKLING DOWN: DOES LOCAL JOB GROWTH REDUCE POVERTY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crandall,   Mindy S.; Weber,   Bruce A.
Was local job growth a significant determinant of poverty reduction between 1990 and 2000? This research takes advantage of newly available data and techniques to explore the job growth on tract-level poverty reduction. Spatial corrections to the model allow for more accurate identification of the significant determinants of poverty reduction across the United States. Results indicate that job growth is a highly significant predictor of poverty reduction, though its effect is modest. While spatial models didn't materially affect the regression coefficients, significant gains in model explanatory power were seen when using a spatial model as compared to OLS.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18915

COST-EFFECTIVE SAFETY NETS: WHAT ARE THE COSTS OF REACHING THE POOR?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16502

Looking beyond the plot: The nutritional impact of fertilizer policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Marissa; Santos,   Paulo.
This paper evaluates one indirect impact of fertilizer policy, the nutritional gains due to increased food production. We look specifically at the case of Malawi’s Targeted Input Program and show that benefitting from the program during its entire duration could have led to gains substantial gains in human capital.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Targeted Input Program; Height-for-age z-score; Fertilizer subsidies; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61358

IFPRI FORUM, March 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  New Challenges, New Structure; A Level Playing Field for Poor Farmers; U.S. Senators meet on world hunger; Nutrition goes mainstream; Research with ear to the ground; Looking to women; Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director General, World Health Organization; New board chair; Location, location, location; The forest frontier; Famine in Ethiopia: When Markets Don't Work;
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16516

FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION RESEARCH SMALL GRANTS PROGRAM: EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF 2000 RESEARCH GRANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
This report summarizes research findings from the Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Small Grants Program. The Economic Research Service created the program in 1998 to encourage new and innovative studies of food security, hunger, and public- and private-sector efforts to alleviate these problems among low-income residents of the United States through food and nutrition assistance. The report includes summaries of the second set of small grants, which were awarded for 1-year research projects in the summer and fall of 1999.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Nutrition; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33867

Participation of the Latino/Hispanic Population in the Food Stamp Program (FSP)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muhammad,   Safdar; Tegegne,   Fisseha; Ekanem,   Enefiok P.; Appleton,   Nathaniel; Pearson,   Lou.
The Hispanic population is growing rapidly in the U.S. generally and in the southern states particularly. This rapidly growing population is characterized by high poverty rates among children and the elderly compared to other races. The Hispanic population is also less educated, characterized by low income, lacks English language proficiency, and has a need for public assistance. Hispanic total and household participation in the FSP increased rapidly, especially in metro counties. The increase in participation is about three times that of the total population. Participation of Hispanic children in the program was also much higher than for adults. The growing Hispanic population with special needs and requirements and rising participation in the FSP will...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26748

Agriculture Productivity Growth: Is the Current Trend on the Track to Poverty Reduction?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Ivanic,   Maros; Ludena,   Carlos E.; Hertel,   Thomas W.
In this study we evaluate the effect of annual productivity growth in agriculture over the 1991-2001 period on poverty in eleven developing countries. We compare this with the optimal pattern of productivity growth of comparable cost with the sole goal of maximizing poverty reduction. This comparison reveals that regional agricultural development is a viable option in the fight for poverty reduction.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19152

FIGHTING FAMINE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA: STEPS OUT OF THE CRISIS &lt;Japanese edition&gt;
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16177

Trade, Standards and Poverty. Evidence from Senegal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maertens,   Miet; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
The debate on trade and poverty is reinforced by recent studies on the role of standards. It is argued that increasing standards act as trade barriers for developing countries and cause further marginalization of the poor. This paper is the first to quantify income and poverty effects of such high-standards trade and to integrate labor market effects, by using company and household survey data from the vegetable export chain in Senegal. We find that exports have grown sharply despite increasing standards, resulting in important income gains and poverty reduction. Our estimates indicate that poverty is 14 % points lower due to vegetable exports. Tightening food standards induced a shift from smallholder contract-based farming to large-scale integrated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade; Poverty; Standards; Vertical coordination; Contract farming; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; F14; F16; I3; Q12; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7924

See the future feed change (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tutwiler,   M. Ann.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60380

FUNCTIONAL FOODS AS DIFFERENTIATED PRODUCTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonanno,   Alessandro.
Food products providing health benefits beyond nutrition, or functional foods, draw consumers’ attention and promise growth opportunities for innovator food manufacturers. European functional food manufacturers may be facing future challenges, mainly due to the European Union Regulation (EC) No.1924/2006 regulating food products’ health-claims. However, in spite of the interest shown by academics to understand the acceptance of these products no study exists that analyzes the profitability of functional foods. Using a relatively novel methodology – an adaptation of the LA/AIDS model by means of Pinkse Slade and Brett’s (2002) distance metric (DM) method – this article treats functional foods as differentiated products and provides estimates of demand and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Functional Foods; Differentiated Products; Distance Metric; Yogurt; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; L15; L25; L66.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116420

An overview of the development challenges and constraints of the Niger Basin and possible intervention strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Namara,   Regassa E.; Barry,   Boubacar; Owusu,   Eric S.; Ogilvie,   Andrew.
The Niger River Basin covers 7.5% of the African continent and is shared between nine riparian countries. The human population of the basin is growing at an average annual rate of about 3%, which makes the Niger River Basin one of the areas with the highest fertility rates in the world. The desert margin is expanding; climate change is negatively impacting rainfall; and urbanization, industrialization, and the human and livestock population are threatening the quantity and quality of available water resources. The basin population already suffers from chronic poverty. Based on a literature review, this paper suggests some key water-related and other interventions that are capable of easing the basin's development challenges.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basin development; Poverty; Social aspects; Climate change; Agriculture sector; Water governance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118299

Globalization, Urbanization and Nutritional Change in the Developing World
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mendez,   Michelle A.; Popkin,   Barry M.
Urbanization and globalization may enhance access to non traditional foods as a result of changing prices and production practices, as well as trade and marketing practices. These forces have influenced dietary patterns throughout the developing world. Longitudinal case study data from China indicate that consumption patterns closely reflect changes in availability, and that potentially obesogenic dietary patterns are emerging, with especially large changes in rural areas with high levels of urban infrastructure and resources. Recent data on women from 36 developing countries illustrate that these dietary shifts may have implications for overweight/obesity in urban and rural settings. These data emphasize the importance of developing country policies that...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dietary patterns; Developing countries; Overweight; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12001

Hunger in the World: Costs and Benefits of Remedies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyers,   William H.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93728

AN INTEGRATED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF VEGETABLE AND FISHPOND TECHNOLOGIES ON POVERTY IN RURAL BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hallman,   Kelly K.; Lewis,   David J.; Begum,   Suraiya.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15940

ARE URBAN POVERTY AND UNDERNUTRITION GROWING? SOME NEWLY ASSEMBLED EVIDENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Ruel,   Marie T.; Garrett,   James L.
The population of the developing world is becoming more urban. Are poverty and undernutrition beginning to relocate to urban areas as well? We use survey data on poverty (from 8 countries) and on child undernutrition (from 14 countries) to address this question. Using data from the past 15-20 years, we find that in a majority of countries the absolute number of poor and undernourished individuals living in urban areas has increased, as has the share of poverty and undernourishment coming from urban areas. Given these trends and the current stock of knowledge as to the levels, determinants, and solutions to urban poverty and undernutrition, we argue for more research on these issues.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94522

Forests’ Role in the Fight Against Poverty and for Peace and Prosperity in Asia and the Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaimowitz,   David.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124397

MODELO DE INVESTIGAÇÃO DAS REDES DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR BASEADAS NA AGROINDUSTRIALIZAÇÃO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR EM ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Almeida,   Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo; Bergamasco,   Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereia; Ferrante,   Vera Botta; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando.
Os caminhos deste trabalho estão articulados ao percurso de análise dos Projetos Agroindustriais Familiares nos contextos regional e/ou local sendo que o objeto de nossa reflexão reporta-se a uma temática de investigação bastante recente na literatura especializada no Brasil, qual seja a da valorização dos espaços locais e da capacidade de ação dos agentes aí presentes nos processos de geração de alternativas para o desenvolvimento econômico, social e ambiental. Em nossa hipótese, estas iniciativas constituem redes de segurança alimentar tratada da maneira ampla e são apontadas como uma das alternativas para a reversão das conseqüências sociais, econômicas e ambientais desfavoráveis do meio rural. Impulsiona a geração, direta e indireta, de novos postos de...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Segurança Alimentar; Agroindústrias Familiares; Políticas Públicas; Food security; Family agribusiness; Public politicies; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113962

Impact of Trade Liberalization and World Price Changes in Bangladesh: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; Buysse,   Jeroen; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Nolte,   Stephan; Wailes,   Eric J.; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper analyzes the impact of trade liberalization and changes in world prices of agricultural commodities in Bangladesh using single country CGE model. Since the agricultural sector is sensitive to overall employment, household welfare and food security, the analysis focuses on the changes in agricultural production, consumption, household income and welfare. The results show that trade liberalization increases the welfare of all household groups while world market price increases decrease welfare. It means that although trade liberalization generates a welfare increase for households but this is dependent on the relative level of world commodity prices. Our results are based on the analysis of aggregate household groups, so it may be of future...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Static; CGE; Trade policy; World prices; Agricultural commodities; Bangladesh; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123724

Agricultural Globalization in Reverse: The Impact of the Food Crisis in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Adjao,   Ramziath.
Background paper for the Geneva Trade and Development Forum Crans-Montana, Switzerland September 17-20, 2008
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Globalization; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55466

Food Ethics, Traceability and the Regulatory State: Private Governance and Civil Society Trajectories
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barling,   David.
The agri-food sector has undergone both rapid public regulation and private standards setting in the past two decades engendering new forms of governance of food supply chains. Food safety has been at the forefront of these reforms, but increasingly food standards reflect a range of ethical concerns about food production and supply. The communication of standards with ethical implications to consumers relies upon labelling and marketing but is underpinned by schemes of certification and audit, which in turn entail effective systems of traceability of food products. Traceability reaches from food production and movement through the supply chain to the form of the food’s consumption. A feature of contemporary governing has been the development of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58709

The Food Security Equation: What is the Role of Gender and Social Amenities in this Paradigm? A Focus on Rural Households in Yala division, Siaya district, Kenya.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oluoch-Kosura,   Willis; Otieno,   David Jakinda; Marenya,   Paswel Phiri.
Food security remains a key challenge to the development efforts of most poor nations.  This study investigated the significance of gender (denoted by number of male, female and children in a household) and social amenities in the food security equation.  Frequency of food-related illnesses in a household was used as proxy for food security situation, while the entitlement/food utilization side of the equation was represented by the number of male and female children in the household, main source of domestic water, distance to nearest health center, means of transport accessible, household sanitation and level of awareness on basic food preparation and handling methods.  Both descriptive and econometric models were used for analysis of primary data from a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9517

FLOODS, FOOD ASSISTANCE AND FOOD MARKETS IN BANGLADESH: COPING WITH A NATIONAL EMERGENCY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Roy,   Dilip; Dorosh,   Paul A.; del Ninno,   Carlo.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16513

How to Feed 10 Million Mouths
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1947
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8305

The 1990s in Latin America: Another Decade of Persistent Inequality, but with Somewhat Lower Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szekely,   Miguel.
This paper processes 76 household surveys from 17 Latin American countries to document changes in poverty and inequality during the 1990s, and performs an analysis of the effect of economic reforms on inequality and poverty by using an expanded data base of 94 surveys spanning the 1977-2000 period. We show that there is no country in Latin America where inequality declined during the 1990s. Poverty declined in 10 or 11 out of the 17 countries for which household surveys are available to us, depending on the poverty measured used. Persistently high inequality inhibited further poverty reduction. One important factor contributing to the persistently high inequality level is financial liberalization. Trade liberalization and slight inequality-reducing effect.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Poverty; Latin America; Food Security and Poverty; D31; O12; O54.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43997

PERU: COMMUNITY KITCHENS
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15910

The Estimation of Food Demand Elasticities in Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pomboza,   Ruth; Mbaga,   Msafiri Daudi.
Changing consumer and market demands is an important driver behind the challenges and opportunities that are facing the agriculture and agri-food sector in Canada and that will influence the sector's profitability and competitiveness in the future. It is therefore important to understand developments in the consumer demand for agriculture and agri-food products. The report provides updated demand elasticities for fourteen food groups in Canada. The estimates are useful for conducting analysis of the changing structure of the agriculture and agri-food sector and can help quantify the impacts that changes in economic variables and policies that impact those economic variables might have.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food; Demand; Demand analysis; Elasticities; Price elasticities; Cross price elasticities; Income elasticities; Price; Econometric; Modelling; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Public Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52705

Changing Face of the Agri-Food Market: A Farmers Response and Possible Solutions from a Provincial Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matoti,   Bongiswa; Vink,   Nick; Bienabe,   Estelle.
The rise of supermarkets, together with large-scale food manufacturers, has deeply transformed agri-food markets in many countries. This expansion has been evident in South Africa as well. Increasing attention has been and is being paid to the growth of supermarkets in countries outside of North America and Europe. Numerous studies have been carried out in developing countries, including South Africa. However, these studies, while identifying the growth of supermarkets and the changes in supply chains, notably downstream, that have been caused by this growth, have made relatively little progress in documenting the impacts at producer level and in identifying issues that need to be addressed. There is a special need for studies on how farmers and supporting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52098

VALIDATING OPERATIONAL FOOD SECURITY INDICATORS AGAINST A DYNAMIC BENCHMARK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Christiaensen,   Luc J.M.; Boisvert,   Richard N.
Food security indicators used in practice are static in nature, thereby foregoing the key dimension of food security.  This study develops an explicitly forward-looking food insecurity indicator and relative to this dynamic benchmark, we evaluate the performance of three readily available indicators: an agricultural production, a dietary diversity, and a coping strategy index.  Calculation of our "gold standard" indicator, using panel data of 274 households from Mali, shows that neglecting the future may lead to substantial underestimation of a population's food insecurity. However, when compared to our "gold standard", the alternative indicators all identify most of the food insecure, with the coping strategy index displaying the most predictive power....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21781

Trade liberalization and food security in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pyakuryal,   Bishwambher; Thapa,   Y.B.; Roy,   Devesh.
Among South Asian countries, Nepal has liberalized most extensively during the 1980s and 1990s on both fronts, domestic and external. Nepal is a least developed country with a gross national product of US $235 per capita in 2001 and second lowest per capita wealth in the world. In South Asia, Nepal has the lowest per capita income, highest dependence of population on agriculture and second highest poverty rate. At the same, on an average, Nepal has the lowest tariffs in South Asia and has taken several steps to downsize its public distribution system and remove a host of agricultural subsidies. This twin scenario where the lowest per capita income country is perhaps also the most liberalized makes for an interesting case for policy analysis. This paper...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59827

Food Security - Global Trends and Region Perspective with Reference to East Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chang,   Ching-Cheng; Hsu,   Shih-Hsun.
The sharp increase in global food prices during 2007‐2008 has triggered the awareness of food insecurity problems and their impacts on the low income, food‐deficit countries many of which are located in the East Asian countries. The food‐security situation was good in relative terms given that the percentage of carbohydrates consumed is slightly lower than the world average while proteins and fats consumption are higher than that of other regions. The food security in East Asia is largely driven by domestic production performance, and despite the doubling of import volume during the last decade, Asia remains the least dependent of all regions on food imports. Nevertheless, the rising energy costs and grain prices induced by the increasing demand of grains...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103418

AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW AND SYNTHESIS OF PREFERRED RESEARCH METHODS IN THE MSU FOOD SECURITY PROJECT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.
The purpose of this study was to review the design and implementation of food security research in Mali, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Zimbabwe during the first and selected later phases of the Food Security in Africa Cooperative Agreement between Michigan State University and the U.S. Agency for International Development. This paper discusses principles and techniques for designing research, formulating questions and developing questionnaires, conducting the field work, and disseminating the findings. The primary objective was to learn from the experiences of prior researchers and to synthesize the research methods that this project has found to be effective and which may be useful to future researchers in the development and execution of policy-relevant...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10966

Impact of Income on Calorie and Nutrient Intakes: A Cross-Country Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard; Balcombe,   Kelvin George.
The relationship between income and nutrient intake is explored. Nonparametric, panel, and quantile regressions are used. Engle curves for calories, fat, and protein are approximately linear in logs with carbohydrate intakes exhibiting diminishing elasticities as incomes increase. Elasticities range from 0.10 to 0.25, with fat having the highest elasticities. Countries in higher quantiles have lower elasticities than those in lower quantiles. Results predict significant cumulative increases in calorie consumption which are increasingly composed of fats. Though policies aimed at poverty alleviation and economic growth may assuage hunger and malnutrition, they may also exacerbate problems associated with obesity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Calorie and nutrient consumption; Food and nutrition policy; Income elasticities; Nonparametric; Panel; Quantile regression.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C11; C14; C21; C23; O10; O47; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103647

Achieving sustainable food security and poverty reduction through consumer cooperatives in Hyderabad
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Helmerich,   Juliana; Moid,   Ma; Hanisch,   Markus; Wulf,   Bernd.
The Old Town of Hyderabad is characterized by a great number of low-income households, poor infrastructure and limited access to basic amenities, subsequently resulting in high crime rates. In this very traditional and religious society, the majority of the women in the Bastis of the old town face restrictions, discrimination and inequality as well as the struggle for basic nutritional intake every day. To help them with their daily responsibilities and add value to their lives the Confederation of Voluntary Associations (COVA) has initiated self-organized self-help groups (SHG), which encourage these women to save money so that, further down the line, they can take a loan. This micro-credit approach has been successfully implemented in rural areas. In...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36910

SOBRE A QUEDA DA POBREZA E DA DESIGUALDADE NO AGRÍCOLA/RURAL BRASILEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA ENTRE 1992 E 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Figueiredo,   Nelly Maria Sansigolo De; Helfand,   Steven M.; Correa,   Angela Maria Cassavia Jorge; Branchi,   Bruna.
Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar a evolução da renda, da pobreza e da desigualdade na agricultura brasileira a partir dos anos 1990, por Unidade da Federação (UF). Especificamente visa: determinar a velocidade da queda da pobreza nesse período; avaliar os relacionamentos entre renda, pobreza e desigualdade; identificar a existência de padrões específicos, segundo as UF e cortes populacionais, definidos com base em critérios de origem principal da renda do domicílio (atividades agrícolas e não agrícolas) e local da residência (rural ou urbana). Como hipótese de trabalho considera-se que o conjunto de observações é composto pelos domicílios com certo grau de especialização na atividade agrícola, razão pela qual não fazem parte da amostra aqueles com...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desigualdade; Pobreza; Agricultura; Inequality; Poverty; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109072

Globalization of food and agriculture and the poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Diaz-Bonilla,   Eugenio.
The economic impact of globalization, particularly on poverty, and the changes in agri-food markets have received much attention in recent years. However, the intersection of these two trends has been neglected. The present volume fills this gap by focusing on the way globalization of agri-food systems affects the world’s poor and its impact on food and nutrition security in developing countries. Rather than offering a single policy prescription or simplistic messages about globalization being 'good' or 'bad', the book acknowledges the complexity of the subject by including a variety of policy and research perspectives. The contributors analyse in details the links between poverty and globalization. They examine the different interactions between the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Developing countries; Rural poor Globalization; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46012

Title Etude sur la transmission des fluctuations et le calcul des prix de parité du riz et du maïs au Niger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Addoh,   Sani Laouali; Ousmane,   Salifou Sanda.
Calculation of rice and maize parity prices in Niger.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Niger; Food policy; Parity price; Marketing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q18; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62164

ARE DETERMINANTS OF RURAL AND URBAN FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS DIFFERENT? SOME INSIGHTS FROM MOZAMBIQUE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garrett,   James L.; Ruel,   Marie T.
Undernutrition of children 0-60 months old in Mozambique is much higher in rural than in urban areas. Food security is about the same, although substantial regional differences exist. Given these outcomes, we hypothesized that the determinants of food security and nutritional status in rural and urban areas of Mozambique would differ as well. Yet we find that the determinants of food insecurity and malnutrition, and the magnitudes of their effects, are very nearly the same. The difference in observed outcomes appears primarily due to differences in the levels of critical determinants rather than in the nature of the determinants themselves.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94520

Urban agriculture and urban poverty alleviation: South African debates
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rogerson,   Christian M.
Growing international attention has focussed on the potential role of urban agriculture in poverty alleviation. The aim in this paper is to analyse the existing challenge of urban poverty in South Africa and examine the potential role of urban agriculture as a component of a pro-poor urban development strategy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54788

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System
Provedor de dados: 31
This 2008 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  The 2008 report begins with a special feature describing recent developments in global commodity markets when prices rose dramatically over the past year. It continues by reviewing each segment of the system, going upstream from consumers to food distribution, food, beverage and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agri-food; Gross Domestic Product; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Farm income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46805

Asset-Poor Women in India and the Relevance of Amartya Sen's Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Amartya Sen; Gender inequality; India; Poverty; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91377

AID TO DEVELOPING-COUNTRY AGRICULTURE: INVESTING IN POVERTY REDUCTION AND NEW EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Cohen,   Marc J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16203

Sharp decline in the food self-sufficiency ratio in Japan and its future prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kako,   Toshiyuki.
Japan‘s food self-sufficiency ratio was 79% in 1960, and this ratio compares favorably with that of other advanced countries with similar farmland endowments. But it fell most rapidly of all major developed countries in the last 45 years, and became the lowest among countries with more than 100 million in population.  In this paper, the mechanisms of the decline in the food self-sufficiency ratio in the last 45 years were examined, and it was pointed out that epoch making events such as drastic change of dietary habits under a rapid economic growth and drastic appreciation of the yen against the US dollar were major causes of the sharp decline in the food self-sufficiency ratio. Some preliminary examinations regarding the future food self-sufficiency ratio...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: The food self-sufficiency ratio; Dietary habit; Appreciation of the yen; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51570

How to increase food security in North Korea?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiss,   Judit.
In North Korea, in conformity with the still prevailing Juche ideology, food self-reliance seems to be the main objective in order to increase food security. The only option for boosting domestic food supply is to intensify agricultural and food production, as the possibilities for an extensive production increase are rather limited, due to natural, climatic and ecological conditions. The article analyses those less energy-intensive, less costly, but more cost efficient and environmentally friendly farming methods and practices, which might lead to sustainable self-sufficiency via sustainable productivity. Though technical developments have a vital role in increasing labour productivity and yields, a conducive economic environment is also essential for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: North Korean agriculture; Food security; Self-reliance; Intensifying agricultural production; Increasing yields; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48100

Food Spending Declined and Food Insecurity Increased for Middle-Income and Low-Income Households From 2000 to 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
From 2000 to 2007, median spending on food by U.S. households declined by 12 percent relative to the (rising) cost of USDA’s Thrifty Food Plan, and by 6 percent relative to the (rising) Consumer Price Index (CPI) for Food and Beverages. Over the same period, the national prevalence of very low food security increased by about one-third, from 3.1 percent of households in 2000 to 4.1 percent in 2007. The deterioration in food security was greatest in the second-lowest income quintile, in which the prevalence of very low food security increased by about half. These estimates, based on data from the nationally representative Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement, are corroborated by corresponding declines in food expenditures by middle- and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food spending; Food expenditures; Food security; Food insecurity; Consumer expenditure survey; Current population survey food security supplement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56627

Causes and countermeasures for the food crisis in developing countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lu,   Yu-si; Huang,   Wen-an.
We analyze the causes of food crisis in developing countries according to the global food crisis at present.  Finally, we put forward some relevant policy suggestions for coping with the food crisis.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Food crisis; Contradiction between human and land; Biofuel; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53434

How Can Micro-Level Household Information Make a Difference for Agricultural Policy Making: Selected Examples from the KAMPAP Survey of Smallholder Agriculture and Non Farm Activities for Selected Districts in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Argwings-Kodhek,   Gem; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Nyambane,   Gerald G.; Awuor,   Tom; Yamano,   Takashi.
Agriculture forms the foundation of Kenya’s economy. However, the information base on agriculture % including basic indicators on farmers’ input, production, and marketing behavior, household food consumption patterns, etc. % is weak and largely outdated. Agricultural policy is largely made on the basis of conventional wisdom about the way things work. In a dynamic, evolving economy, long-standing perceptions may become increasingly inconsistent with current reality, particularly when the system has been exposed to dramatic changes such as structural adjustment, market liberalization, and the advent of new technology. In such a setting, entrenched perceptions about the way farmers, traders and consumers actually behave may lead to unintended and even...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Agricultural policy; Food security; Household; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q12.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57056

Effects of Ill Health and Weather Variability on Savings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ndirangu,   Lydia K.
This paper examines the effects of households’ shocks on saving behaviour. It investigates the possibility that households save ex ante to buffer against adverse weather and health shocks. The relatively high prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS in Kenya combined with rain fed agriculture implies great uncertainty for rural livelihoods. Adopting a methodology previously used on cross-sectional data (Paxson, 1992), the paper examines the level of households precautionary behaviour. This is done by estimating the marginal propensity to save out of transitory income over a period of 18 months. The results show that while households may exhibit some level of prudence, the marginal propensity to save out of transitory income is about a third of what the permanent income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Household; Shocks; Savings; HIV/AIDS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52151

Evaluation de la diffusion et de l’adoption des variétés de riz NERICA en Guinée
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diagne,   Aliou; Sogbossi,   Marie-Josee; Diawara,   Sekou; Diallo,   Abdoulaye Sadio; Barry,   Alpha Bacar.
L’objectif de la présente étude est d’évaluer la diffusion et l’adoption des variétés de riz NERICA en Guinée cinq années après leur introduction. Les données collectées en 2002 sont relatives à  1535 paysans choisis dans 79 villages des quatre régions naturelles de la Guinée. L’approche d’estimation du taux d’adoption utilisée dans ce papier se fonde sur les théories modernes  d’évaluation au niveau micro-économique des impacts d’interventions politiques.  Nos résultats montrent que 39% de la population guinéenne connaissaient au moins une variété NERICA en 2001 avec 23% pour le taux d’adoption observé au sein de la population de riziculteurs. Plusieurs facteurs socio-économiques déterminent les taux de diffusion et d’adoption. Par ailleurs bien que le...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mots clés Riz; NERICA; Diffusion; Adoption; Average Treatment Effect; Guinée; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52153

Rice Production Response in Cambodia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; Fan,   Shenggen.
This paper analyzes how Cambodian farmers and the government can respond to the rise of rice price. The study estimates rice production response in Cambodia using the Cambodia Socio-Economic Surveys (CSES) conducted in 2004 and 2007. The results indicate that agricultural productivity is far from its potential and can be increased substantially by using modern technology and inputs such as fertilizers and irrigation. Our findings also suggest that the Cambodian government needs to design its investment strategy to relax constraints in rural infrastructure such as transportation and electricity in order to increase its agricultural production and productivity and boost farmers’ income.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production response; Government investment; Price; Rice; Cambodia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; C21; O13; Q1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51042

Rethinking Impact: Understanding the complexity of poverty and change; Key issues discussed at the workshop
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kristjanson,   Patricia; Lilja,   Nina K.; Watts,   Jamie.
This paper presents six key issues from the Rethinking Impact: Understanding the complexity of poverty and change Workshop (RIW) held in Cali, Colombia, March 26–28, 2008. The workshop discussed how agricultural and natural-resources research can be more effective in generating solutions for poverty alleviation and improving gender, social inclusion and equity, and how such research can be brought into the mainstream and how its impact can be assessed. A diverse group of over 60 participants (42% women) from 33 organizations (54% CGIAR and 46% non-CGIAR) attended the meeting. In this paper, we do not purport to represent a consensus of opinion among this diverse group, but rather our perspectives as the meeting organizers. These ‘take home messages’ were...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: RIW; Cali; Workshop; Impact; Key messages; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52538

AVOIDING CHRONIC AND TRANSITORY POVERTY: EVIDENCE FROM EGYPT, 1997-99
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Ahmed,   Akhter U.
This paper uses a panel data of 347 households in Egypt to measure changes in household consumption between 1997 and 1999 and to identify causes behind the changes. Per capita consumption decreased for the households during this time and, while not dramatic, it occurred at all points along the distribution. Over the two-year period, the number of households that fell into poverty was over twice as large as the number of households that climbed out of poverty. About two-thirds of overall poverty was chronic (average consumption over time was below the poverty line), and almost half of all poor were always poor. We use quantile regression methods to identify the factors that explain total, chronic, and transitory poverty. While our analysis ably documents...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16455

The MSU Food Security Project in Mali: 14 Years of Partnership between Mali-MSU-USAID
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Dione,   Josue; Staatz,   John M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 10.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11385

DRIVERS OF FRAGILITY: WHAT MAKES STATES FRAGILE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vallings,   Claire; Moreno-Torres,   Magui.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12824

Obesity in the Midst of Unyielding Food Insecurity in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosen,   Stacey L.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124026

Restricted Opportunities, Personal Choices, Ineffective Policies: What Explains Food Insecurity in Oregon?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Edwards,   Mark Evan; Weber,   Bruce A.; Bernell,   Stephanie L.
This study examines the extent to which household demographics, local economic and social conditions, and federal food security programs explain the likelihood of household food insecurity in Oregon. Between 1999 and 2001, Oregon had the highest average rate of hunger in the nation and ranked in the top five states with respect to food insecurity. Statistical analyses using a multivariate logit model reveal that food insecurity is influenced by much more than demographics and individual choices. County-level factors such as residential location (urban versus rural) and housing costs significantly affect the likelihood that families will be food insecure.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food insecurity; Food stamps; Hunger; Rural residence; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8615

Food Crises and Food Markets: Implications for Emergency Response in Southern Africa.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Concern about humanitarian crises in southern Africa, especially in light of the surge in world food prices since 2007, has been accompanied by calls for direct government action in food markets. This paper reviews how Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique handled private food markets during the food crises of 2001/02, 2002/03, and 2005/06, which may provide important lessons for the management of future crises. Lack of trust between government and traders can lead to behavior that undermines the interests of each and harms consumers and farmers; Malawi and Zambia have persistently fallen into this trap while Mozambique has partially avoided it. Empirical policy analysis can make an important contribution to resolution only within a consultative process involving...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Southern Africa; Malawi; Mozambique; Zambia; Markets; Emergency response; Trust; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54559

LES FEMMES OU LA CLEF DE LA SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15893

Effects of Global Climate Change on Nigerian Agriculture: An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Apata,   Temidayo Gabriel; Ogunyinka,   A.I.; Sanusi,   R.A.; Ogunwande,   S.
This paper presents an empirical analysis of the effects of global warming on Nigerian agriculture and estimation of the determinants of adaptation to climate change. Data used for this study are from both secondary and primary sources. The set of secondary sources of data helped to examine the coverage of the three scenarios (1971-1980; 1981-1990 and 1991-2000). The primary data set consists of 1500 respondents’ but only 1250 cases were useful. This study analyzed determinants of farm-level climate adaptation measures using a Multinomial choice and stochastic-simulation model to investigate the effects of rapid climatic change on grain production and the human population in Nigeria. The model calculates the production, consumption and storage of grains...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Economic consequences; Farm level productivity; Average Rainfall; Nigeria; Food Security and Poverty; D6; D91; E21; O13; Q01; Q2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91751

A Evoluçao da Economía Rural no Periodo Pos-Guerra: Liçoes duma Missao de Sondeio no Distrito de Monapo na Provincia de Nampula
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Rapid appraisal; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56016

AN OPERATIONAL METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE POVERTY OUTREACH PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: RESULTS FROM FOUR CASE STUDIES IN AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Henry,   Carla; Lapenu,   Cecile.
Many development projects seek to reach the poorest in the provision of agricultural inputs, extension, credit, education, and many other services.  However, low-cost and reliable methods for assessing whether a project reaches the poor are lacking at present.  In this paper, we present an operational method that was designed during a two-year research project from 1999-2001 with the support of an international donor-coordination office.  The objective of the research was to develop and test a new method that could be later used by development practitioners to assess the poverty level of beneficiaries of development projects that target the poor in relation to the general population in the intervention area.  The method constructs a poverty index using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Targeting; Evaluation; Principle component analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25907

Gendered impact of NERICA Adoption on Farmers’ Production and Income in Central Benin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agboh-Noameshie,   Afiavi R.; Kinkingninhoun-Medagbe,   Florent M.; Diagne,   Aliou.
Today, development and dissemination of new technologies constitute an important strategy for agricultural intensification, poverty reduction and food security in developing countries. Rice is an important source of farmers’ income and foreign currencies in developing countries. Although women play a vital role in rice production, they have not been adequately involved in technology generation activities until recently. The New Rices for Africa (NERICA) were developed by Africa Rice Center (WARDA) in 1994 and disseminated starting in 1997 in some Sub-Saharan African countries including Benin in collaboration with National Agricultural Partners. This paper use econometric method based on Local Average Treatment effect (LATE) to estimate the gendered impact...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52082

AGE DIFFERENCES AND MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS ON FOOD STAMP PROGRAM PARTICIPATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lim,   So Yeong; Chen,   Susan E.; Waldorf,   Brigitte S.
This study examines Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation patterns with an emphasis on macroeconomic effects and age differences. Entry into and exit out of the program are examined with data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation 2004 panel using probit techniques. The results indicate that young adults easily enter the FSP but quickly move out. Older people are hesitant to enter the FSP but they stay on longer compared to their younger counterparts. The estimation results confirm the common belief that economic dynamics and FSP participation are negatively related. When the unemployment rates rise, the likelihood of entry and continuation on food stamps increases. This study also documents that the macroeconomic effects on FSP transitions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food stamps; Age; Macroeconomy; Transition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; I38; J64.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108558

THE EARNINGS EFFECTS OF MULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.; Ivanic,   Maros; Preckel,   Paul V.; Cranfield,   John A.L.
Poverty reduction is an increasingly important consideration in the deliberations over multilateral trade liberalization. However, the analytical procedures used to assess the impacts of multilateral trade liberalization on poverty are rudimentary, at best. Most poverty studies have focused on a single country using detailed household survey data. When it comes to multi-country, global trade liberalization analyses, researchers are forced to resort to a discussion of average, or per capita effects, suggesting that if per capita real income rises, then poverty will fall. As we show in this paper, such an inference can be misleading. Our paper combines results from a new international, cross-section consumption analysis, with earnings data from household...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28700

GOOD CARE PRACTICES CAN MITIGATE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF POVERTY AND LOW MATERNAL SCHOOLING ON CHILDREN'S NUTRITIONAL STATUS: EVIDENCE FROM ACCRA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Levin,   Carol E.; Armar-Klemesu,   Margaret; Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Morris,   Saul Sutkover.
This study uses data from a representative survey of households with preschoolers in Accra, Ghana to (1) examine the importance of care practices for children’s height-forage z-scores (HAZ); and (2) identify subgroups of children for whom good maternal care practices may be particularly important. Good caregiving practices related to child feeding and use of preventive health services were a strong determinant of children’s HAZ, specially among children from the two lower income terciles and children whose mothers had less than secondary schooling. In this population, good care practices could compensate for the negative effects of poverty and low maternal schooling on children’s HAZ. Thus, effective targeting of specific education messages to improve...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94517

AJAE Appendix: Is There Persistence in the Impact of Emergency Food Aid? Evidence on Consumption, Food Security and Assets in Rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gilligan,   Daniel O.; Hoddinott,   John.
The material contained herein is supplementary to the article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, May 2007, Volume 89, Issue 2.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7414

A COMPARISON OF FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS IN MEXICO AND THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gundersen,   Craig; Yanez,   Mara; Valdes,   Constanza; Kuhn,   Betsey A.
The social safety nets in Mexico and the United States rely heavily on food assistance programs to ensure food security and access to safe and nutritious foods. To achieve these general goals, both countries' programs are exclusively paid for out of internal funds and both target low-income households and/or individuals. Despite those similarities, economic, cultural, and demographic differences between the countries lead to differences in their abilities to ensure food security and access to safe and nutritious foods. Mexico uses geographic and household targeting to distribute benefits while the United States uses only household targeting. U.S. food assistance programs tend to be countercyclical (as the economy expands, food assistance expenditures...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food assistance programs; Social safety net; Targeting methods; Macroeconomy; Poverty; Progresa; DICONSA; FIDELIST; LICONSA; DIF; Food Stamp Program; WIC; The National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33859

NUTRITION AND FOOD AID -- DIFFERENT MODALITIES, DIFFERENT IMPACTS: LESSONS FROM ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16499

Forest Product Markets, Forests and Poverty Reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Belcher,   Brian M.
There is a new and increasing emphasis on poverty alleviation and livelihoods improvement in forestry, representing both a challenge and an opportunity. This paper briefly reviews the evolution of the ‘livelihoods’ issue, analyses the concept of ‘poverty alleviation’ and discusses means by which forestry can contribute to livelihoods improvement. It focuses on the contributions of forest products and markets, questioning the typical timber vs nontimber dichotomy. The role and the potential of a forest product is determined more by the socioeconomic and environmental context of the production, processing and marketing system than by the physical characteristics of the product itself. This is important as new opportunities arise through increased control of...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124400

Measuring food security: Definitional sensitivity and implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bashir,   Muhammad Khalid; Schilizzi,   Steven.
Six methods for measuring food security are identified from the literature. The dietary intake method (DIM) and the food insecurity experienced-based measurement scales (FIEMS), the two most commonly used, were empirically tested using 1152 rural households in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Results show significant differences in the measurement of food insecure households: 22.9% with DIM vs. 4.7% with FIEMS. A slight change in the food security definition resulted in significant differences. With slight definitional changes, 6.5% of the sample households appeared food insecure using DIM and only 1.1% using FIEMS. Given its high definitional sensitivity, food security must be carefully defined according to country specific conditions and should reflect...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Measurement; Vulnerability analysis; Value at risk; Conditional value at risk; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124227

Peer Effect, Risk-Pooling and Status Seeking: Which Matters to Gift Spending Escalation in Rural China?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
This paper is based on our ongoing joint work with Ravi Kanbur. Xi Chen is grateful to Ravi Kanbur for invaluable comments, guidance and encouragement. For comments and suggestions, please direct correspondence to Xi Chen at xc49@cornell.edu.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social Network; Peer Effect; Risk-pooling; Status Seeking; Gift-giving; Ceremony; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; I32; J22; D13; D63.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103643

Effect of contract farming on productivity and income of small holders: The case of tea production in north-western Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saigenji,   Yoshiko; Zeller,   Manfred.
This paper examines potential of contract farming as a rural development tool by revealing its effect on productivity and income of small holders in tea production in north-western Vietnam. In the present research, three economic analyses are applied. First, the technical efficiency of tea production is estimated by using stochastic frontier model. The results show that contract farming achieved significantly higher technical efficiency compared to non-contract farming. Second, logit model is investigated to determine the influential socio-economic characteristics of households for contract participation. The model indicates that social relationship of households, such as the membership in the communist party, play an important role in contract...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contract farming; Tea; Vietnam; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; C21; D24; O12; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51681

The Future of Small Farms for Poverty Reduction and Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Poulton,   Colin; Wiggins,   Steve; Dorward,   Andrew.
The people operating small farms in developing countries have to cope with the risks of these small businesses and have long faced heavy challenges. Today, these challenges are particularly severe, and the aspirations of young people on small farms have changed. Globalization and the integration of international markets are stimulating intense competition, offering some opportunities but also new risks. In light of these pressures and others, many of the world’s millions of small farmers are simply not making it. Indeed, half of the world’s undernourished people, three-quarters of Africa’s malnourished children, and the majority of people living in absolute poverty live on small farms. The transformation of the small-farm economy is one of the biggest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42254

U.S. Food Aid: It’s Not Your Parents’ Program Any More!
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.
Much has changed in the 50 years since modern food aid began with the enactment of U.S. Public Law 480 in 1954. Yet contemporary policy debates often become derailed by failures to appreciate the significant changes that have already occurred. This paper identifies the most important of these changes and explains how these set the stage for further desirable changes to U.S. food aid programs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Humanitarian assistance; Hunger; Poverty; Safety nets; Surplus disposal; Trade promotion; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57696

Why are Fresh Produce Prices So Unstable in Lusaka? Insights for Policy and Investment Priorities.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Tschirley,   David L.
Daily quantities of tomato, rape and onion entering Soweto market in Lusaka fluctuate dramatically. The market does a remarkable job of moderating the impact on prices of these unstable quantities, through stabilizing mechanisms such as short-term storage of tomato and rape by traders and consumers, longer-term storage of onion by traders, direct sourcing of rape from farm areas by retail traders, and exportation of tomato and onion outside Lusaka. Yet even with these stabilizing mechanisms, wholesale prices are highly variable, with negative effects on farmers and consumers. Reducing variability requires investments in four areas: (a) improved control of production environments by farmers through irrigation, better access to inputs and greater agronomic...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Produce; Zambia; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93009

Medição do Impacto dos Bens Públicos e Privados sobre os Rendimentos Familiares Provenientes de Culturas em Moçambique Rural, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56804

Global Markets and Rural Poverty: Do the Rural Poor Gain or Lose from Globalization?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thomas,   Clive Y.; Davis,   Carlton George.
The paper advances the view that if global markets "worked" as theory suggests, then the answer to the question posed would be in the affirmative. Six reasons are given why this does not occur, namely: (1) the prevalence of trade manipulation; (2) the nature of markets in poor countries; (3) exceptions to neoclassical efficient market theory; (4) theoretical and empirical inconclusiveness regarding the relation between open trade policies and growth; (5) income inequality; and (6) the institutional framework of global trade. Trade in food and the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) for food security and poverty reduction illustrate the arguments and the paper concludes with some recommendations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Market and/or policy failure; Millennium Development Goals (MDG); Neoclassical economics market efficiency theory; Poverty and food insecurity; Rent seeking behavior; Rural poor; Special and differential treatment; WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AOA); Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15713

Technical Efficiency of Resource Conserving Technologies in Rice Wheat Systems: Case of Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khong,   Tien Dung; Pede,   Valerien O.; Sumalde,   Zenaida M.; McKinley,   Justin D.; Mohanty,   Samarendu.
This study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of farmers engaged in rice-wheat cropping systems in India using Resource Conserving Technologies (RCTs) such as zero-tillage and direct seeding, under the intervention of the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) project primarily funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The goal of the project is to alleviate hunger and malnutrition as well as increase income and food security for poor farmers living in South Asia.  The Resource Conserving Technologies (RCTs) are being promoted as part of conservation agriculture supported by the project. These technologies are designed to reduce the strain agricultural production has on two critical natural resources: water and soil. The RCT...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103652

AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF WIC, THE INFANT FORMULA REBATE PROGRAM, AND THE RETAIL PRICE OF INFANT FORMULA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Prell,   Mark A.
This report develops an economic model that provides the theoretical framework for the econometric analyses presented in the report's companion volume, WIC and the Retail Price of Infant Formula (FANRR-39). The model examines supermarket retail prices for infant formula in a local market area, and identifies the theoretical effects of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and its infant formula rebate program. Special attention is given to the rebate program's sole-source procurement system by which a single manufacturer becomes a State's "contract brand"-the State's one supplier of formula to WIC infants-in exchange for paying rebates to WIC. When a manufacturer's brand is designated a State's contract brand,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WIC program; Infant formula; Cost containment; Rebates; Food package costs; Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women; Infants; Children; Child nutrition; Food assistance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33879

TOO POOR TO BE STEWARDS?  RURAL POVERTY AND SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinton,   Scott M.
Sustaining natural resource stocks especially those underpinning the capacity to produce food is key to most definitions of sustainable development.  Yet troubling evidence has surfaced of instances where the rural poor were forced to sacrifice long-term sustainability for the sake of near-term survival (Mink 1993; Figueroa 1998).  Are such cases special ones, or is rural poverty a driving factor in causing soil erosion, overgrazing, deforestation, and degradation of other natural resources?  This paper argues that natural resource sustainability in developing countries is not the result of a direct cause-effect relationship, but rather is engendered by a web of causal factors.  Untangling that web entails separating out strands for poverty from those for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11694

A gender performance indicator for irrigation:  Concepts, tools and applications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Koppen,   Barbara.
Although gender issues are today a priority on the agendas of irrigation policy makers, interventionists, farm leaders and researchers, there is still a considerable gap between positive intentions and concrete action. An important but hitherto ignored reason for this is the lack of adequate generic concepts and tools that are policy-relevant and can accommodate the vast variation in irrigation contexts worldwide. The Gender Performance Indicator for Irrigation (GPII) aims to fill this gap. In any particular scheme, this tool diagnoses the gendered organization of farming and gender-based inclusion or exclusion in irrigation institutions. It informs irrigation agencies what they themselves can do for effective change-if necessary. The tool also identifies...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Gender; Women; Irrigation management; Water management; Policy; Decision making; Performance evaluation; Indicators; Irrigated farming; Farming systems; Case studies; Water users' associations; Leadership; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44562

Asymmetric Response of Nutrient Intakes to Cereal Price Changes among the Poor in China: Implications for the Effect of Cereal Price Subsidies on the Poor’s Nutrient Intakes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shimokawa,   Satoru.
Previous studies commonly assume that the effects of introducing and ending cereal price subsidies on the poor’s nutrient intakes are symmetric. We question the assumption of symmetry and show that the poor’s nutrient intakes respond asymmetrically to declines and increases in the price of cereal in China. Our results imply that introducing cereal price subsidies can increase the poor’s total energy intake by increasing their calorie intakes from fat and protein, and that ending such subsidies would insignificantly affect the poor’s total energy intake; however, it may further increase their calorie intakes from fat and protein.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food price subsidy; Nutrition; Poverty; Asia; China; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I38; O12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51661

LINKAGES BETWEEN POVERTY AND LAND MANAGEMENT IN RURAL  UGANDA: EVIDENCE FROM THE UGANDA NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD  SURVEY, 1999/00
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Ssewanyana,   Sarah N.; Edward,   Kato; Nkonya,   Ephraim M.
This study investigates the impacts of rural poverty on farmers' land management decisions, crop production and incomes, based upon analysis of data from the 1999/2000 Uganda National Household Survey. We find that the impacts of rural poverty on land management, crop production and income depend upon the type of poverty (i.e., what asset or access factor is constrained) and the type of land management considered. Ugandan households that are poorer in terms of access to land use labor more intensively and are less likely to use several land management practices and inputs, though among households that do use non-labor inputs, land-poor households use many of these inputs more intensively. As a result, land-poor households obtain higher value of crop...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Land management; Rural poverty; Land degredation; Household income; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60329

The Livestock Revolution: A Pathway from Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Tim.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124003

Lack of Sherpas for a GMO Escape Route in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carrau,   Javier Guillem.
Published in German Law Journal, Volume 10, Number 8, 2009, pages 1169-1199
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90607

African Regional Integration: Implications for Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Dijk,   Michiel.
This report looks at the African regional trade, regional integration agreements (RIAs) and the implications for food security. An overview is presented on the present state of African regional integration and the determinants of regional trade in agriculture and food commodities. In particular the study focuses on eight target countries, related RIAs and a set of strategic food commodities. The evidence presented in this study shows that African countries have made progress in opening up agriculture and food trade with partner countries. With, the exception of Ghana, Tanzania and Mozambique, the effective applied tariff rates for regional trade partners are substantially lower than the (MFN) rates applied to world trade partners. Nonetheless, regional...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Regional integration agreements; Africa; Food security.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101645

Food Security and Efficacy of the Intervention Mechanism in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Prahadeeswaran,   M.; Ramasamy,   C.; Selvaraj,   K.N.
Rice and wheat are the two major foodgrains in India and their level of production determines the country self-sufficient. Forecasts on cereals supply range from 250 to over 300 million tones in the country by the year 2020. Mere availability of foodgrains is not a sufficient condition to ensure food security but also necessary that the poor have sufficient means to purchase food. Poor economic access leads to food security and it has been checked by the government mechanism through the operation of Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) and foodgrains are distributed at subsidized prices to the people living Below Poverty Line (BPL). It is a safety net to more than 330 million poor and those nutritionally at risk and an important delivery channel with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Targeted Public Distribution System; Fair Price Shops; Minimum Support Price; Monte Carlo Technique; Food Security and Poverty; J21; H4; H5; O2; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25465

Pride of the South: Risk Analysis for Marine Biosecurity in Fiordland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sinner,   Jim; Roberts,   Bethany; Piola,   Richard.
This paper describes a model used to assess alternative scenarios for managing the marine biosecurity risk to Fiordland from vessel traffic. Scenarios are assessed in terms of risk reduction per dollar spent. To keep the analysis manageable, we focus on vessel risks from hull fouling, as this is considered the primary pathway of vessel-related spread. Our analysis includes evaluation of the costs and benefits of different types of vector treatment as well as the possibility of continued vessel monitoring and control of pest populations in Bluff Harbour to reduce the risk of vector infection.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fiordland; Marine biosecurity; Risk reduction; Benefit cost analysis; Management options; Bluff; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97162

Lessons Learned from 25 Years of Food Security Research, Capacity-Building, and Outreach.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Food Security Group at Michigan State University.
Decades of research have led to substantially improved understanding of the nature of food insecurity. Until the food crisis of 2007/08, a combination of economic growth and targeted programs resulted in a steady fall in the percentage of the world’s population suffering from under-nutrition (from 20% in 1990/92 to 16% in 2006). Yet over a billion people still face both chronic and/or transitory food insecurity due to long-standing problems of inadequate income, low-productivity in agricultural production and marketing, and related problems of poor health and absence of clean water. Among regions of the world, the greatest number of the food insecure lives in South Asia, while Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest proportion of population that is food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Research; Capacity building; Outreach; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55047

Paperless Food Assistance: The Impact of Electronic Benefits on Program Participation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Atasoy,   Sibel; Mills,   Bradford F.; Parmeter,   Christopher F.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Electronic Benefits; Program Participation; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I38; C23; C25.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60964

Estimating Utility-Consistent Poverty Lines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arndt,   Channing; Simler,   Kenneth R.
The “Cost of Basic Needs” (CBN) approach to drawing consumption-based poverty lines is widely applied and lays credible claim to being the best practice for estimating poverty measures. Unfortunately, a growing mass of evidence indicates that poverty estimates obtained under the CBN approach are often demonstrably utility inconsistent. Here, we introduce an information theoretic approach for estimating utility-consistent poverty lines. An example of the approach is provided for the case of Mozambique. The approach represents a powerful addition to the poverty analyst’s tool kit and enhances the attractiveness of the CBN approach for practical poverty measurement problems.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty lines; Entropy estimation; Revealed preferences; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59591

Food Expenditures Away From Home by Type of Meal and by Facility
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Miaoru; Kasteridis,   Panagiotis P.; Yen,   Steven T.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61744

Gender Inequality, Development and UNDP's Social Valuation Indices: HDI, GDI and GEM with Particular Reference to India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Roy,   Kartik C.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: India; Gender Inequality; Rural and urban poverty.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91376

EDUCATION - TREATMENT FOR POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bottum,   J. Carroll.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1965
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17393

THE DISTINCT IMPACT OF FOOD STAMPS ON FOOD SPENDING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilde,   Parke E.; Ranney,   Christine K.
The Southworth hypothesis predicts that inframarginal food stamp recipients should choose the same bundle of goods, whether they receive coupons or cash. Empirical research has contradicted this prediction. Here, we present a model that retains some attractive features of the Southworth hypothesis, while relaxing the key assumption that appears to be incorrect. In particular, we allow different forms of benefits to have distinct effects on desired, or unrestricted food spending. Two categories of previously commonly used empirical models are evaluated as special cases of our more general model. We estimate this model using data from two cash-out experiments.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31002

Food Security: An Insurance Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Konandreas,   Panos A.; Huddleston,   Barbara; Virabongsa,   Ramabgkura.
The International Food Policy Research Institute’s early efforts have shown dramatically what an immense food problem the Third World and the globe generally face over the next decades. Solution to that problem requires a major commitment of resource and the political will to back up that commitment on the part of developing and developed countries alike. But, even if that commitment is made, it is becoming increasingly apparent that lack of purchasing power in the hands of the poor not only stands in the way of reaching the objective f adequate diets for all, but may also prevent latent demand from making itself felt through remunerative prices, production may ot grow at the rate required to meet the true food needs of the world’s population a decade or...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Underdeveloped areas; Food supplies; Insurance; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42224

Managing Global Climate Change An Executive Interview with Carole Brookins
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jose,   H. Douglas.
Carole Brookins is an international consultant known for her work as a policy and trade strategist on issues concerning the global political economy and its effect on the food and agriculture sector. She currently serves on the board of several corporate and non- profit organizations concerned with global food system issues and is currently helping to develop solutions which can offset the effects of global climate change through the reduction and management of carbon emissions—an issue of increasing importance in future food marketing and world trade. This interview was conducted by Doug Jose is a Professor and Extension Farm Management Specialist in the Department of Agricultural Economics at the University of Nebraska- Lincoln and host of the Market...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Global climate change; Food marketing; Carbon Exchange Market; Transportation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53806

HOW FAR WILL THE GOVERNMENT GO IN PROVIDING A MINIMUM LEVEL OF INCOME?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bawden,   D. Lee.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17589

Food Security Analysis and Policies for Transition Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wehrheim,   Peter; Wiesmann,   Doris M.
This article explores the characteristics of food security in the context of economies in transition. These special characteristics derive from the “legacies” of socialist systems, both economy-wide ones and others specific to the agriculture and the food sector. Food insecurity in transition countries is considered predominantly “transitory”, while social safety nets dating back to the socialist years provide some cushion. Market failures and other institutional constraints are prevalent, inhibiting the process towards improvement of the food security situation. Conflict takes a heavy toll in terms of hunger and malnutrition in economies in transition and macro level factors are at work to determine food security outcomes. At the same time, socialist...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Poverty; Malnutrition; Transition countries; Agriculture; Agricultural policy; Safety nets; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112604

Growth Options and Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia: A Spatial Economywide Model Analysis for 2004-15
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Ghautam,   Madhur; Keough,   James; Chamberlin,   Jordan; You,   Liangzhi; Puetz,   Detlev; Resnick,   Danielle; Yu,   Bingxin.
Also published as EDRI-ESSP Policy Working Paper No. 2: Xinshen Diao; Alejandro Nin Pratt; Madhur Ghautam; James Keough; Jordan Chamberlin; Liangszi You; Detlev Puetz; Danielle Resnick; Bingxin Yu. 2005. Growth options and poverty reduction in Ethiopia: a spatial, economywide model analysis for 2004-15.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty alleviation; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; Millennium Development Goals; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Disaggregation; Household surveys; Ethiopia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58383

Sit down at the ballgame: How trade barriers make the world less food secure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rutten,   Martine; Meijerink,   Gerdien W.; Chant,   Lindsay.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114653

Managing Global Climate Change An Executive Interview with David Lobell
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jose,   H. Douglas.
Many of the world’s poorest regions could face severe crop losses in the next two decades because of climate change, according to Dr. David Lobell, a Senior Research Scholar at Stanford University in the program on Food Security and Environment. The average world temperature is increasing slightly says Lobell and a one-degree Celsius increase over time greatly impacts climatic growing conditions. Unfortunately, agriculture is also the human enterprise most vulnerable to changes in climate. Understanding where these climate threats will be is central to our efforts in fighting hunger and poverty over the coming decades. Dr. Lobell outlines some of the challenges that lie ahead and steps researchers are taking to combat the issues. This interview was...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Environment; Climate threats; Hunger and poverty; Global warming; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q10; Q27.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53805

Foreign Development Assistance to Agriculture and Food Security in Africa in the last Decade: Lessons for Tomorrow
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ehui,   Simeon K.; Okike,   Iheanacho.
There are well-founded fears that it is unrealistic to expect Africa to achieve the Millennium Development Goal 1 (MDG1) to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger and to halve the proportion of people who suffer hunger by 2015.  Recent efforts of African governments to meet the MDG1 have resulted in a number of initiatives including the Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme (CAADP) framework that calls for 6% agricultural growth rates, the Maputo Declaration calling for 10% of total public spending to be on agriculture, and the 2006 Abuja Declaration calling for an increase in fertilizer use from 8 – 50 kg/ha by 2015.  CAADP estimates that an average investment of US$18 billion/year will be required to trigger sufficient agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Millenium Development Goals; Agriculture; Farmer; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52204

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND PRO POOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA: POTENTIAL AND POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kydd,   Jonathan; Dorward,   Andrew; Morrison,   Jamie; Cadisch,   Georg.
There is widespread concern at continuing, and indeed deepening, poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, and the lack of processes of rapid and broad based economic growth to combat this. There is also debate about the role agriculture in driving pro-poor economic growth with some arguing that it has a critical role in this while others see it is as largely irrelevant. This paper examines these arguments. We summarise and critique what we term the Washington Consensus on Agriculture (a consensus that appears to be eroding) and alternative positions opposing investment in agriculture. We suggest that both sets of arguments pay insufficient attention to important institutional issues in development, and, having taken these into account, we conclude that agriculture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10920

Can Cash Transfers Promote Food Security in the Context of Volatile Commodity Prices? A Review of Empirical Evidence.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Magen,   Benjamin B.; Donovan,   Cynthia; Kelly,   Valerie A.
This working paper synthesizes the theoretical and empirical literature on the use of cash transfers in response to food crisis situations, with particular attention to their use in situations that are exacerbated by volatile, often inflationary, commodity prices. The paper is designed for policymakers who are wondering if cash transfers might be an appropriate instrument in the context of 2008’s unstable commodity prices for both food and energy, but are unfamiliar with the literature and discussions surrounding the cash vs. food debate. After defining some key terms and presenting a brief review of the theory behind cash transfer use, the paper synthesizes evidence from studies that have evaluated past cash transfer programs. While the focus is on...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Food security; Commodity; Price; Food Security and Poverty; Q11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54557

Sustainable School Food Procurement in Large K–12 Districts: Prospects for Value Chain Partnerships
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conner,   David S.; Izumi,   Betty T.; Liquori,   Toni; Hamm,   Michael W.
Many scholars and activists are interested in the potential for school-based childhood nutrition programs to positively impact the U.S. agri-food system. This paper explores efforts of a national K–12 school food collaborative to procure more sustainably grown and healthful food products. After a review of literature on transaction cost theory and school food procurement, the paper examines the potential of strategic partnerships in a value chain framework to meet procurement change goals. Results from a qualitative study of two participating school districts suggest that partnerships can offer potential solutions to recurring procurement barriers found in previous research.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: School meals; Supply chains; Transaction costs; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123317

The impact of HIV/AIDS on food security and household vulnerability in Swaziland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Masuku,   Micah B.; Sithole,   M.M.
This study investigated the impact of HIV/AIDS on food security and household vulnerability in Swaziland. Personal interviews with 847 selected farming households revealed an increase in sales of crops and livestock to finance funerals and healthcare, a decrease in expenditure on agricultural inputs, and an increase in expenditure on medical bills and funerals. Most households were vulnerable to food insecurity. The affected households therefore need assistance in order to maintain food production and security, including support in the form of agricultural inputs such as fertilisers and seeds through the markets and special arrangements to allow them access to affordable inputs. Therapeutic feeding and home based care will be needed for the chronically ill...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Impact; HIV/AIDS; Food security; Household vulnerability; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53384

Multifunctionality of Agriculture: An Inquiry Into the Complementarity Between Landscape Preservation and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brunstad,   Rolf Jens; Gaasland,   Ivar; Vardal,   Erling.
Without support, the levels of agricultural public goods will fall short of the demand in high cost countries like Norway, Finland and Iceland. However, as demonstrated in this paper using Norway as a case, the current support and agricultural activity is far out of proportions from a public goods perspective. Model simulations show that at most 40% of the current support level can be defended by the public good argument. Furthermore, the present support, stimulating high production levels, is badly targeted at the public goods in question. Since agricultural land is a major component of both food security and landscape preservation, thus giving rise to a high degree of cost complementarities between the two public goods, it would be more efficient to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Landscape preservation; Public goods; Agricultural policy; Numerical model; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24470

Africa's Food Crisis: Conditioning Trends and Global Development Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adesina,   Akinwumi A.
African countries continue to face deepening food crises which have been accentuated by the global food, energy and financial crises. This situation is part of a long term structural problem: decades of under-investments in agricultural sector and poor policies of support for smallholder farmers who form the bulk of the farming population. The inability of these farmers to achieve a supply response when commodity prices were high and market access was less of a problem suggests that there are multiple sets of binding constraints that continue to limit the potential of agricultural growth to reduce food security and poverty on the continent. What the continent needs is a smallholder-based green revolution that can help raise agricultural productivity and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53199

Local Food Marketing as a Development Opportunity for Small UK Agri-Food Businesses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hingley,   Martin; Boone,   Julie; Haley,   Simon.
Local Food Marketing as a Development Opportunity for Small UK Agri-Food Businesses
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Local food; Marketing; Small-business development; UK; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97022

THE COST OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION TRANSFER PROGRAMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THREE PROGRAMS IN LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caldes,   Natalia; Coady,   David P.; Maluccio,   John A.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16007

Climate change and food security to 2030: a global economy-wide perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valenzuela,   Ernesto; Anderson,   Kym.
The effects of climate change on agriculture raise major food security concerns. We use a global economy-wide model to assess the effects on farm product prices of expected yield changes. Also modelled is an expected adverse effect of higher temperatures and humidity in the tropics on the productivity of unskilled workers in developing countries. Given the degrees of uncertainty about plausible effects of climate change, our modelling accounts for a range of yield productivity and labor shocks. The results entail consequences for international agricultural prices, national food consumption, self sufficiency, net farm income and economic welfare.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Crop and labor productivity growth; Global economy-wide model projections; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; D58; F17; Q17; Q24; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117616

Food Security in Afghanistan: Household-level Evidence from the 2007-08 Food Price Crisis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Replaced with revised version of paper 10/20/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; High food prices; Nutrition; Poverty; Afghanistan; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D12; I3.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61139

Effects of Livelihood Assets on Poverty Status of Farming Households’ in Southwestern, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lawal,   Justina Oluwayemisi; Omonona,   Bolarin T.; Oyinleye,   O.D.
Poverty as a multi-dimensional phenomenon is determined by a wide range of factors one of which is the non-equity in distribution and scarcity of assets in development opportunities. The eradication of poverty in rural Nigeria remains a hard challenge for the country to overcome despite the various poverty eradication programmes implementation at different levels of government. This study examined the effects of farmers’ household livelihood assets on poverty. Primary data were collected using well structured questionnaire from 135 farming households in Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Foster Greer Theobecke (FGT) weighted poverty index and Logit regression model. The result shows that poverty...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Farming household; Livelihood assets; Logit; Nigeria; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114392

The changing egg demand in Canada: do advertising and health message contents matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hailu,   Getu; Goddard,   Ellen W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116427

The effects of international remittances on poverty, inequalities, and development in rural Egypt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Richard H., Jr.
Many low-income people, especially those from poor rural areas, seek to improve their lives by immigrating in search of work and income, increasingly moving across national borders and further afield. In recent years, the remittances they earn have come to have an important effect on the economies of many developing countries, profoundly affecting poverty, income distribution, and rural economic development in the villages from which the migrated. The results of this study compliment the findings of other IFPRI studies on poverty alleviation, income sources, and rural development. The study uses primary household data from small area of rural Egypt in a innovative way to address such vital questions as who immigrates, how remittances affect poverty and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Egypt; Finance; Emigrant remittances; Rural poor; Income distribution; Alien labor; Egyptian; Economic conditions; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42132

The Impact of State Marketing Board Operations on Smallholder Behavior and Incomes: The Case of Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Despite the resurgence of parastatal marketing boards and strategic grain reserves over the last decade in eastern and southern Africa, there is little empirical evidence about how their activities affect smallholder input use and cropping decisions. This paper uses panel survey data from 1997-2007 on Kenyan smallholders to investigate the effect of Kenya’s National Cereal Produce Board (NCPB) activities on farm-gate maize price expectations, output supply, and factor demand.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Marketing; Smallholder; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120742

THE IMPACT OF “ONE VILLAGE ONE PRODUCT (OVOP)” ON HOUSEHOLD INCOME – IMPLICATIONS ON FOOD SECURITY: THE CASE OF BVUMBWE OPERATION AREA, THYOLO DISTRICT, MALAWI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chidumu,   Juliana Immaculate.
Malawi is among the most poor and food insecure countries in the world according to UNDP’s Human Development Report (2004). Agriculture is the driving force of the economy of Malawi and the backbone to food security. The government of Malawi introduced a program called One Village One Product (OVOP) in 2003 whose major objective is poverty reduction by bringing economic independence into the communities. However, no effort had been made to evaluate the program and its activities hence creating an information gap. This study was therefore conducted in OVOP operation area of Bvumbwe in Thyolo district, Malawi to assess the impact of One Village One Product (OVOP) program on households’ farm income and its implications on food security. Primary data was...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93993

RICE FITS: PROMOTING PRODUCTS FOR GOOD NUTRITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banville,   Anne.
Paper and PowerPoint Presentation
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32885

Effects of Income Distribution on Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosen,   Stacey L.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33717

Vertical and Spatial Integration of Grain Markets in Ethiopia: Implications for Grain Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Negassa,   Asfaw; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The major objective of this study was to assess the performance of grain markets in  Ethiopia at the individual market levels and for groups of markets which are spatially linked. By  examining the nature of relationships among producer, wholesale, and retail prices in individual  markets and among different markets, the study is also aimed at improving the understanding of  the grain market operation under the emerging new grain market structure.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Grain markets; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55598

Does Where You Live Make You Fat? Obesity and Access to Chain Grocers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Susan E.; Florax,   Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder,   Samantha D.
This paper investigates the role that aspects of the physical environment play in determining health outcomes in adults as measured by body mass index (BMI).  Using spatial econometric techniques that allow for spatial spillovers and feedback processes, this research specifically examines how differing levels of access to large chain grocers has on individual health outcomes.  While other studies have investigated the impact of proximity to food retailers, the point-coordinate data used in this paper is uniquely suited to spatial econometric estimation at the individual level.  In addition to modeling spatial dependence and allowing for unobserved neighborhood effects, the flexibility of the model is increased by incorporating potential spatial...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Body mass index; Obesity; Spatial dependence; Obesogenic environments; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C31; D12; I12; I18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53838

FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION RESEARCH SMALL GRANTS PROGRAM:  EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF 2001 RESEARCH GRANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tiehen,   Laura.
This report summarizes research findings from the Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Small Grants Program. The Economic Research Service created the program in 1998 to stimulate new and innovative research on food assistance and nutrition issues and to broaden the participation of social science scholars in these issues. The report includes summaries of the research projects that were awarded 1-year grants in summer and fall 2000. The results of these research projects were presented at the 2001 Small Grants Program conference. The projects focus on food insecurity and hunger, nutritional outcomes, and the causes and consequences of food assistance program participation. Some projects focus on specific populations,such as people living in the rural...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Nutrition; Vulnerable populations; Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Hungry; Food assistance; Food spending; Well-being; Food Stamp Program; Food stamps; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33815

Classification and influence of agricultural information on striga and stemborer control in Suba and Vihiga Districts, Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Njuguna,   Esther M.; Amudavi,   David Mulama; Khan,   Zeyaur R.; Mbogoh,   Stephen G.; Nyikal,   Rose Adhiambo; Karugia,   Joseph Thuo.
This paper reports on findings of a study to examine the sources used by farmers in search of agricultural information on striga and/or stemborers control technologies and factors that influence acquisition of such information in Western Kenya region. A random sample of 476 households in Suba and Vihiga districts were interviewed and 15 information pathways were identified.  Using principle component analysis (PCA) to derive few latent variables that encapsulate maximum variance in the pathways, two components (latent variables) proxying for ‘agricultural knowledge’ were extracted.  Type I-knowledge (first component) loaded heavily with sources that had ‘group’ information searching. Type II-knowledge (second component) loaded heavily with sources...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural information; Improved technology; Striga; Stemborers; Control technologies; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52081

ACHIEVING URBAN FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garrett,   James L.
Contents:  Overview, by James L. Garrett; An urbanizing world, by Martin Brockerhoff; Rural-urban interdependence, by Cecilia Tacoli; Urbanizing livelihoods and labor markets, by Arjan De Haan; Feeding the cities:  food supply and distribution, by Olivio Argenti; The hidden significance of urban agriculture, by Luc J.A. Mougeot; Urbanization and the nutrition transition, by Barry M. Popkin; Urban women:  balancing work and childcare, by Partrice L. Engle; Threats to urban health, by Carolyn Stephens; Programming for urban food and nutrition security, by Timothy R. Frankenberger, James L. Garrett, and Jeannie Downen;
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16037

Food Consumption for the Poor: A Supply or an Income Issue? Evidence from Less-favored Regions in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhu,   Jing; Hare,   Denise; Zhong,   Funing.
The world food crisis has brought about heated discussions on policy responses and actions to achieve future stability and security in food consumption for the poor. While many viewing it as a supply proglem and propose to cope with it by incrasing self-supply, there are also propostitions of viewing it more as an income problem. This paper has taken the experience of China into study. Being the most populous nation in the world and with rural low-income and low food consumption groups still a noticeable portion in the rural area, China has devoted strenuous efforts by utilizing various policy approaches. This paper has estimated empirically the impact of different policy measures, i.e., the predominantly used traditional policy aimed at increasing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food consumption; Food production policy; Food security; Less-favored regions; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18; Q01.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61342

Characteristics of Low-Income Households With Very Low Food Security: An Analysis of the USDA GPRA Food Security Indicator
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark.
This bulletin describes characteristics of low-income households that had very low food security in 2005. The U.S. Department of Agriculture monitors the food security of low-income households to assess how effectively the Government’s domestic nutrition assistance programs meet the needs of their target populations. In 2005, 12.6 percent of low-income households—those with annual incomes less than 130 percent of the Federal poverty line—had very low food security. USDA seeks to reduce that prevalence rate as one of its strategic planning goals established under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA). To achieve the USDA food security target, the food security of households with incomes that are less than 130 percent of the poverty line (less...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food and nutrition assistance; Food security; Government Performance and Results Act; GPRA; Federal poverty line; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6387

Technological Progress for Sustaining Food-Population Balance: Achievement and Challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25316

Large-Scale Modelling of Global Food Security and Adaptation under Crop Yield Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuss,   Sabine; Havlik,   Petr; Szolgayova,   Jana; Schmid,   Erwin; Obersteiner,   Michael.
Concerns about future food security in the face of volatile and potentially lower yields due to climate change have been at the heart of recent discussions on adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector. While there are a variety of studies trying to quantify the impact of climate change on yields, some of that literature also acknowledges the fact that these estimates are subject to substantial uncertainty. The question arises how such uncertainty will affect decision-making if ensuring food security is an explicit objective. Also, it will be important to establish, which options for adaptation are most promising in the face of volatile yields. The analysis is carried out using a stochastic version of the Global Biosphere Management Model (GLOBIOM)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food price volatility; Optimization under uncertainty; Adaptation; Land use change; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114347

UNDERSTANDING THE FOOD STAMP BENEFIT FORMULA: A TOOL FOR MEASURING THE COMPONENT EFFECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilde,   Parke E.
This report develops an accounting tool for measuring how the average benefit amount in the U.S. Food Stamp Program is affected by each major component of the rules that determine the benefit level. This tool is used to compare the benefits received by different subpopulations, distinguished by poverty level, demographic makeup, household size, and region of the country. This simple decomposition complements more complex tools, such as microsimulation methods, which help policy analysts understand and evaluate the effects of detailed Food Stamp Program regulations.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; Benefit formula; Income; Household size; Poverty status; Deductions; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33877

LESS POVERTY IN EGYPT? EXPLORATIONS OF ALTERNATIVE PASTS WITH LESSONS FOR THE FUTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans.
In this paper, the impact of alternative development strategies on growth and poverty is assessed in an economywide framework, using Egypt as a case study. The analysis is guided by the following question: By pursuing a development strategy different from the one actually pursued since the late 1970s, could Egypt’s government significantly have improved the status of its poor? To address this question, a dynamic, recursive, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model is used to simulate Egypt’s economy for the period 1979-1997. The model is built around a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for 1979. The base scenario incorporates Egypt’s evolving policy regime and changes in Egypt’s external environment, including a gradual transition toward an economy with...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16265

HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN THE UNITED STATES, 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2003, meaning that they had access, at all times, to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households were food insecure at least some time during that year. The prevalence of food insecurity, 11.2 percent of households, was not statistically different from the 11.1 percent observed in 2002. The prevalence of food insecurity with hunger was unchanged at 3.5 percent. This report, based on data from the December 2003 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure households participated in Federal...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Food pantry; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33835

WIC AND THE DEMAND FOR FOOD BY THE HISPANIC COMMUNITY IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lanfranco,   Bruno A.; Ames,   Glenn C.W.; Huang,   Chung L.; Stegelin,   Forrest E.
Income elasticities of demand were estimated for nine aggregate food categories for a sample of Hispanic consumers.  In general, the demand for food appears to be relatively inelastic with respect to income, although the situation may be quite different when more disaggregated food categories are considered.  Government subsidies received by households may also impact the demand for specific food groups.  Although not conclusive, the results of this study indicate that Hispanic households participating in the WIC program consume more fruits, milk and pork, and less total fats, beverages, and chicken than households not participating in the income transfer programs.  The results for food stamps were less conclusive.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26528

FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION RESEARCH SMALL GRANTS PROGRAM: EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF 2003 RESEARCH GRANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
This report summarizes research findings from the Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Small Grants Program. The Economic Research Service created the program in 1998 to stimulate new and innovative research on food assistance and nutrition issues and to broaden the participation of social science scholars in these issues. The report includes summaries of the research projects that were awarded 1-year grants in summer and fall 2002. The results of these research projects were presented at the November 2003 Small Grants Program conference. The projects focus on food assistance and child well-being, food insecurity and hunger, the dynamics of food assistance program participation, obesity, and the role of community factors in dietary intake and food...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Nutrition; Vulnerable populations; Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Hungry; Food assistance; Food spending; Well-being; Food Stamp Program; Food stamps; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33849

Developing Income Proxy Models for Use by Title II-funded NGOs in Kenya: A Technical Report for NGOs and USAID/Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Mathenge,   Mary K.
This paper details the specific procedures utilized to develop the income proxy method for Kenya NGOs, reports on the performance of the method, and brings together in one place each part of the package needed to implement the method. The next section provides general background on income proxy methods; section III reports on the full income survey that formed the basis for development of the proxy method; section IV provides details on model development, including definition of income components, the types of proxy variables tested, and the performance of the models, while section V briefly explains how the models are to be used. Finally, section VI provides an overview of the rural economy in the study zone based on the detailed income data set collected...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Income Proxy Model; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55153

PUBLIC POLICY, FOOD MARKETS AND HOUSEHOLD COPING STRATEGIES IN BANGLADESH: LESSONS FROM THE 1998 FLOODS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: del Ninno,   Carlo; Dorosh,   Paul A.; Smith,   Lisa C.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15952

Access to Land and Poverty Reduction in Rural Zambia: Connecting the Policy Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Zulu,   Ballard; Kajoba,   Gear; Weber,   Michael T.
Key Policy Message: - Despite having relatively low population densities, inadequate access to land is one of the major causes of rural poverty in Zambia. - The apparent paradox of inadequate access to land for many rural households in a country of low population density is partially reconciled when taking into account that economically viable arable land requires at least some degree of access to basic services, water, road infrastructure, and markets. The basic public investments to make settlement economically viable have yet been made in many areas of Zambia. - Depending of future land allocation policy, access to good quality land with a market potential may become increasingly beyond the reach of many small-scale farm households, making it more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Land; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Q18; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55054

An Introduction to Nutrition-Agriculture Linkages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chung,   Kimberly.
Agricultural development is now expected to proceed in a way that maximizes opportunities to improve health and nutrition. Accordingly, the term “nutrition-agriculture linkages” describes the set of relationships that shows the mutual  dependence of nutrition, health and agriculture. Changes in nutrition or health status are expected to affect agricultural production; conversely changes in the agricultural sector can have significant effects on individual health and nutritional status. Most development professionals, however, are sectoral specialists. Some are trained in nutrition or agriculture, but very few will be trained in both. It is therefore difficult to begin discussions on nutrition-focused agricultural programs and policies. How do we begin to...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Agriculture; Mozambique; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121859

Prospects for BT Cotton In Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitoro,   Raul; Walker,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Swinton,   Scott M.; Boughton,   Duncan; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco.
Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique Directorate of Training, Documentation, and Technology Transfer
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Mozambique; Food security; Bio Technology; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53461

Expenditure response to increases in in-kind transfers: Evidence from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beatty,   Timothy K.M.; Tuttle,   Charlotte.
This is the 50,000th paper submitted to AgEcon Search!
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122873

Impacts of Economic Liberalization on Food Demand and Dietary Adequacy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soliman,   Ibrahim; Eid,   Nafissa.
Paper included in Proceeding of First International Conference on Towards an Arab African Strategy for Safe Food and Better Nutrition, University of Alexandria, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria, Egypt, 1992
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101220

Determinants of Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
Crop income is the predominant source of income for most rural Mozambican households, accounting for 73% of rural household income on average in 2002, and greater than 80% of the total income of the poorest 40% of rural households. While the Government of Mozambique recognizes the need to improve agricultural productivity, there is little empirical evidence to date suggesting what mix of public and private assets would best foster improved agricultural productivity in rural Mozambique. This paper aims to better understand the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique, by using the TIA panel household survey of 2002-2005 to measure the impact of various private and public assets on crop income. We build upon Walker et al.’s (2004) analysis...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Crop income; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121861

FOOD INSECURITY ISSUES: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON CALIFORNIA WIC DATA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matthews,   James R.
Rural California WIC participants tend to show a slightly lower propensity to redeem WIC-issued food instruments than urban California WIC participants do.  In addition to possible food availability problems associated with rural locations, the presence or absence of cultural factors, especially foreign language backgrounds, may also help to explain this difference.  Limited English-speaking WIC participants seem somewhat more likely to redeem their food vouchers than primarily English-speaking WIC participants do.  This condition seems to be as prevalent in rural California areas as it is for the urban-dominated California WIC population as a whole.  Nevertheless, WIC food instrument redemption rate analysis, together with geographic information systems,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26504

Climate change and Hunger: Responding to the Challenge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parry,   Martin; Evans,   Alex; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Wheeler,   Tim.
Published by the World Food Programme, the International Food Policy Research Institute, the New York University Center on International Cooperation, the Grantham Institute at Imperial College London, and the Walker Institute, University of Reading (United Kingdom).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56193

Are small Sub-Sahara African farmers willing to pay for vegetative propagated orange fleshed sweetpotato planting material? Evidence from Central Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Labarta,   Ricardo A.
This paper evaluates farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the vegetative propagated orange fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) planting material that is many times considered as a public good. Famers’ WTP for OFSP vines was elicited by conducting a real choice experiment (RCE) among 121 small sweetpotato growers in central Mozambique with prior experience growing OFSP but with no participation in OFSP vine distributions in the previous 3 years of the experiment. Results reveals a higher farmers’ willingness to pay for OFSP varieties (US$0.07-0.12) compared to the non-orange planting material (US$ 0.03) and compared to the traditional subsidized price of clean sweetpotato vines (US$ 0.06) used in Mozambique. These results may encourage formation of a network of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49447

ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION TARGETED PROGRAMMES AND HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: A CASE STUDY OF INDIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dev,   Mahendra; Ravi,   C.; Viswanathan,   Brinda; Gulati,   Ashok; Ramachander,   Sangamitra.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16129

Institutional design principles for accountability in large irrigation systems.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Merrey,   Douglas J.
Argues that single irrigation systems managed by autonomous system-specific organizations accountable to their customers, perform better and are more sustainable than those managed by agencies dependent on the government, or by agencies responsible for multiple systems. Selected cases are reviewed and the plausibility of this hypothesis established. General recommendations are made for policy makers designing irrigation reform programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Government-managed irrigation systems; Large-scale systems; Organizational design; Water users' associations; Water users; Farmers' associations; Farmer participation; Sustainability; Water rights; Performance evaluation; Performance indexes; Participatory management; Privatization; Policy; Research methods; Case studies Nepal; Sri Lanka; Indonesia; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52732

FOOD STAMP PROGRAM IMPACT ON RESOURCE USE: TEXAS COMPARED WITH THE U.S., FISCAL YEAR 1974
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Paul E., Jr.; Perrin,   John.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30537

Classification and Regression Trees, CART: A User Manual For Identifying Indicators of Vulnerability to Famine And Chronic Food Insecurity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yohannes,   Yisehac; Webb,   Patrick.
Over the past decade, the increasing power and reliability of microcomputers and the development of sophisticated soft ware designed specifically for use with them has led to significant changes in the way that socioeconomic data are collected and analyzed. The venue of the computations has shifted from off-site main frames, dependent on highly trained operators and significant capital investment in supporting equipment, to desk top and lap top computers, dependent only on the occasional availability of electricity. This means that it is now feasible to quickly transfer new statistical techniques between IFPRI and IFPRI’s collaborators in developing countries, that data manipulation costs of policy analysis have been substantially reduced, and that a new...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42482

INONDATION, AIDE ALIMENTAIRE ET MARCHES ALIMENTAIRES AU BANGLADESH: REPONDRE A UNE URGENCE NATIONALE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: del Ninno,   Carlo; Dorosh,   Paul A.; Smith,   Lisa C.; Roy,   Dilip.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16501

SNAP Efficacy and Food Access – A Nationwide Spatial Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonanno,   Alessandro; Ghosh,   Gaurav S.
As the public expenditure for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) - formerly the Food Stamp Program (FSP) - increases, improving the effectiveness of the policy becomes pivotal to limit further surges in public spending. Along with social stigma, transaction costs, associated in part to the accessibility and proximity to food outlets, are the main deterrent to program participation. This study presents an empirical assessment of the relationship between food access and FSP participation among eligible population. The analysis uses county-level data for the continental U.S., distinguished by different stores formats (grocery stores, convenience stores and a non-traditional, low-priced alternative, Wal-Mart Supercenters) accounting for the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Stamps; Food Access; Spatial modelling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18; L81; C21.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116437

How Globalisation and Competition Policy Inhibit Poverty Reduction: The Case of the South African Wine Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ewert,   Joachim; Henderson,   Jeffrey.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30686

Trends in the Production, Trade, and Consumption of Food-Legume Crops in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akibode,   Comlanvi Sitou.
Food legumes in Sub-Saharan Africa play a vital role by being a source of livelihood for millions of people; and offer tremendous potential to contribute to the alleviation of malnutrition among resource-poor farmers. They contribute to the sustainability of cropping systems and soil fertility. Cowpea and dry beans are the two main food legume crops grown in Sub-Saharan Africa. Area harvested under all food legumes was more than 20 million ha in 2006-08, representing 28% of the global food legume area harvested. Yields are low compared to other developing and developed countries; however they have increased at an annual rate of 1.6% with an increase in production of 3.9% per year. The region has stayed a net importer over the period. Price has increased 5%...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security; Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114247

A TIME OF PLENTY, A WORLD OF NEED: THE ROLE OF FOOD AID IN 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Webb,   Patrick.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16381

Is there Need for more Transparency and Efficiency in Cause‐related Marketing?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Langen,   Nina; Grebitus,   Carola; Hartmann,   Monika.
The popularity of ethical consumption increases. This has motivated firms to increasingly implement Cause‐related Marketing (CrM) campaigns in Germany. But research reveals that especially German consumers are sceptic with regard to the amount of money spent for the good ‘cause’ by the enterprises. This can be explained by the small share of information provided by CrM campaigns to consumers. In consequence, this can reduce consumers’ willingness to purchase CrM products. Therefore, this study analyses whether the efficiency and transparency of a CrM campaign are important for consumers. The share of money reaching the cause relative to the product price consumers’ pay is taken as a proxy for efficiency while transparency is understood as the open...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Keywords: Cause‐related Marketing; Transparent labelling; Donations efficiency; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121840

Poverty and health behaviour: Comparing socioeconomic status and a combined poverty indicator as a determinant of health behaviour
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aue,   Katja; Roosen,   Jutta.
Studies in the area of health economics and public health have shown that low socioeconomic status (SES) and poverty are related to lower levels of health. Attempts to explain these differences have often made reference to the observation that poor health behaviours cluster in low SES respectively poverty groups. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the defining concept of SES and its appropriate measurement. Therefore data from the German Socio-Economic Panel are used to analyse the relationship between two multidimensional measurements to describe a) poverty respectively b) a low SES and health behaviour, including dietary behaviour, weight status and health behaviour in general. This study shows that both multidimensional indicators...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Social inequality; Diet; BMI; Health behaviour; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I1; I3.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116401

ARE THE WELFARE LOSSES FROM IMPERFECT TARGETING IMPORTANT?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Coady,   David P.
We evaluate the size of the welfare losses from using alternative “imperfect” welfare indicators as substitutes for the conventionally preferred consumption indicator. We find that whereas the undercoverage and leakage welfare indices always suggest substantial losses, and the poverty indices suggest substantial losses for the worst performing indices, our preferred welfare index based on standard welfare theory suggests much smaller welfare losses. We also find that we cannot reject the hypothesis that the welfare losses associated with using the better performing alternative indicators are zero. In the case of our preferred welfare index, this reflects the fact that most of the targeting errors, i.e., exclusion and inclusion errors, are highly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16448

Mikronährstoffmangel? Ein gesundheitsökonomischer Bewertungsansatz
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zimmermann,   Roukayatou; Stein,   Alexander J.; Qaim,   Matin.
Micronutrient malnutrition is a serious problem in many developing countries. Recently, agricultural technologies have been discussed as a complement to other intervention programs. Plant breeding, targeted at developing staple foods with higher contents of essential vitamins and trace minerals, could benefit the poor in particular. Yet, the economic repercussions of such innovations are still unclear. Because traditional models of technology assessment are inappropriate to capture the specific ramifications, we suggest a health economics approach. Herein, micronutrient malnutrition is understood as a phenomenon that causes health costs through diseases and premature deaths. Details of the methodology are discussed within an ex ante study of Golden Rice in...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Micronutrient malnutrition; Agricultural technology; Vitamin A; Golden Rice; Health effects; Philippines; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97429

Take off the heater: Utility effect and food environment effect in food consumption decisions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lombardini-Riipinen,   Chiara; Lankoski,   Leena.
In this paper, we describe individual food consumption decisions as driven by a utility effect and a food environment effect. To outline the utility effect, we first develop a new theoretical model of individual food consumption. Next, we introduce the food environment effect by showing how the food environment can affect food consumption decisions and how this can skew the resulting food consumption vector. Finally, we analyse manipulations of the food environment as a potential form of policy intervention. Our key result is that the food environment has several entry points in food consumption decisions and that libertarian paternalistic manipulations of the food environment can be effective, easily implemented, well-accepted and low-cost intervention...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Behavioural economics; Bounded rationality; Bounded self-control; Cognitive biases; Food choice; Food consumption; Food environment; Food intake; Health; Identity; Social norms; Visceral factors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D03; D11; I18; Z13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116431

Processed Chili Peppers for Export Markets: A Capital Budgeting Study on the AgroFood Company
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shelaby,   Ayman A.; Semida,   Wael M.; Warnock,   Daniel F.; Hahn,   David E.
The AgroFood Company, which currently exports fresh chili peppers to European clients, desires to expand the product mix offered. The company, as it expands its production of fresh peppers for export, has an increasing supply of grade 2 peppers that are unmarketable in Egypt. However, an attractive market for processed frozen chili peppers exists in Europe. To expand their client base, capitalize on a value added product, and minimize product waste, the AgroFood Company desires to develop processing practices for chili peppers produced in Egypt. The AgroFood Company would like to identify its options in the processed pepper market. An analysis of the company, competition, consumer, market channel, and conditions, provides insight into possible solutions to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Decision case; Horticulture; Agriculture economics; Chili pepper production; Protected vegetable production; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100877

Poverty, property rights and land management in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Birungi,   Patrick; Hassan,   Rashid M.
This study investigates the impact of poverty, social capital and land tenure on the adoption of soil fertility management (SFM) and conservation technologies in Uganda. Considering four land management technologies (fallowing, terracing and inorganic and organic fertilizers), the study estimates a multinomial logit model to link farmers’ characteristics to the choice of technologies. The findings show that investments in land management are driven by factors such as land tenure security, level of poverty and participation in community organizations (social capital), and, most importantly, that household level poverty reduces the probability of adoption of most of the technologies, while social capital and land tenure security increase it. The findings...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Social capital; Property rights; Soil fertility management; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93881

INSTITUTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF TRADE LIBERALISATION AND POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Kydd,   Jonathan; Poulton,   Colin.
Trade policy liberalisation requires institutional change, in the sense of a change in the rules of the game. The question is whether these changes produce "superior institutions" judged in terms of a reduction of transactions costs; improved coordination; stronger strategic commitment to investing in needed specific assets; and allocative efficiency. In conventional approaches to the analysis of liberalisation, changed institutional arrangements are studied, but they tend to be considered in the category of "practical details": important but not especially intellectually interesting. In contrast, this paper argues for a parallel approach to the study of the effects of liberalisation on the rural poor, in which institutional matters are central. A broad...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10921

EFFECTS OF FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION PROGRAMS ON NUTRITION AND HEALTH: VOLUME 3, LITERATURE REVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
This report provides a comprehensive review and synthesis of published research on the impact of USDA's domestic food and nutrition assistance programs on participants' nutrition and health outcomes. The outcome measures reviewed include food expenditures, household nutrient availability, dietary intake, other measures of nutrition status, food security, birth outcomes, breastfeeding behaviors, immunization rates, use and cost of health care services, and selected nonhealth outcomes, such as academic achievement and school performance (children) and social isolation (elderly). The report is one of four volumes produced by a larger study that includes Volume 1, Research Design; Volume 2, Data Sources; Volume 3, Literature Review; and Volume 4, Executive...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dietary intake; Food expenditures; Nutrient availability; Nutrient intake; Nutritional status; Nutrition and health outcomes; USDA; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33863

US and German Consumer Preferences for Ground Beef Packaged Under a Modified Atmosphere
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grebitus,   Carola; Jensen,   Helen H.; Roosen,   Jutta.
Consumers' preferences for meat quality attributes such as color influence their purchasing decisions. Better understanding of consumer preferences can help meat processors and others attain effective product development and marketing and inform public policy decisions on nutrition and food safety education. Modified atmosphere packaging extends the shelf-life of fresh meat and, with the inclusion of carbon monoxide, achieves dramatic color stabilization. The value that US and German consumers' place on ground beef packaging techniques was quantifies by means of non-hypothetical choice experiments. The studies' results can benefit food producers and retailers who make decisions about investing in new packaging methods by providing quantitative measures of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ground beef; Modified atmosphere packaging; Carbon monoxide; Consumer purchasing decisions; Preferences; Willingness to pay; Cross-country study; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116412

Economic benefits to Papua New Guinea and Australia from the biological control of banana skipper (Erionota thrax)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Waterhouse,   Doug F.; Dillon,   Birribi; Vincent,   David P.
Larvae of the butterfly Erionota thrax, the banana skipper, destroy the leaves of bananas by eating them and forming massive protective rolls of leaf tissue. They were first observed in north-western Papua New Guinea in 1983 and over the next 6 years spread throughout the mainland at the rate of up to 500 km/year.  E. thrax has also spread across the ocean to the east, to invade New Britain, Duke of York and New Ireland islands, and possibly Bougainville.  As the banana skipper spread, it destroyed an average of some 60% of banana leaves, leading to both a serious delay in fruit maturation and reduced weight of banana bunches. Previous successful biological control of E. thrax when it invaded Mauritius, Hawaii, Guam and Saipan encouraged Papua New Guinea...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Erionota thrax; Banana skipper; Moth; Larvae; Benefit-cost ratio; Net present value; Banana; Papua New Guinea; PNG; Australia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47653

FOOD STAMP PROGRAM PARTICIPATION:  AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lane,   Sylvia; Kushman,   John E.; Ranney,   Christine K.
This article addresses the questions of who, among eligible low-income consumers, participates in the Food Stamp Program and which variables are influential in determining whether eligible persons will participate.  Variables found to be statistically significant in the probit analysis were the number of adult equivalents in the household, the number of persons 65 or older in the household, whether the household head had more than a high school education, whether the household owned a home, whether the household resided in Ohio, whether the household head was employed, whether the household had only unearned income, whether the household did not have any income either earned or unearned, whether the household received public assistance, the monthly...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32487

Determinants of change in house-hold level of consumption and poverty in Uganda, 1992/93 - 1999/00
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benin,   Samuel; Mugarura,   Samuel.
Recent estimates showing increase in the incidence of poverty in Uganda has kindled interest in understanding the factors that cause changes in poverty, as the reversal of the positive trend in the 1990s threatens the government’s poverty eradication plan of reducing poverty to a level below 28% by 2014. Using a household and community panel dataset, this paper analyzes the factors contributing to change in household-level consumption and poverty.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty reduction; Household; Economic aspects; Economic assistance; Consumption; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55407

Élőállat-nyomonkövetés újszerűlehetősége a víziszárnyas-ágazatban
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Toth,   Agnes; Asvanyi,   Balazs; Asvanyi-Molnar,   Noemi; Sipos-Kozma,   Zsofia; Turcsan,   Zsolt; Sziget,   Jeno; Febel,   Hedvig.
Az RFID egyedjelölési technológia kiépítését megelőző felmérések elvégzésekor meghatározásra került a jelölés egyedsűrűsége, valamint az RFID alapú egyedjelölési rendszer kiépítése során felmerülő költségtényezők. A tanulmány alapján megállapítható, hogy pecsenyekacsák esetében az állomány minimum 11-12%-át, hízott kacsáknál minimum 14-15%-át, pecsenyelibáknál minimum 12-13%-át, hízott libáknál minimum 14-15%-át kellene megjelölni a reprezentatív mintaelemszám elérése érdekében. A költségkalkuláció eredményei szerint a jelölés egyedsűrűségének függvényében a bevezetés évében 198-199 Ft többletköltséget jelentene egyedenként a rádiófrekvencián alapuló nyomon követési rendszer bevezetése, a példánkban említett vállalkozás számára. A rendszer bevezetését...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Víziszárnyas-ágazat; Nyomon követhetőség; Rádiófrekvencián alapuló azonosítás (RFID); Aquatic poultry; Trackability; Radio frequency identification (RFID); Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99172

Can Small Farmers Survive, Prosper, or be the Key Channel to Cut Mass Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lipton,   Michael.
The paper reviews the role of small farms in development and poverty reduction in countries (or regions within a country) with persistent mass poverty. It discusses the arguments supporting the importance of agricultural development for poverty and argues that initial success in reduction of mass poverty requires prior agricultural developments. It explores in particular the role of smallscale farming and policy requirements to ensure the competitive advantage of small farms.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Agriculture; Agricultural development; Small-scale farming; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110129

The impact of the EU GMO policy on the competitiveness of the livestock industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kruppa,   Bertalan.
The stringent GMO policy of the EU adversely affects the competitiveness of the member states’ livestock industries, in particular the poultry and pig sectors. This arises from the fact that the EU animal industry is highly dependent on the import of feedstuffs sourced from pro-GMO countries. The import is expected to face increasing difficulties especially due to two elements of the EU GMO policy: the prolonged approval process of new GM varieties and the zero tolerance threshold towards GMOs that have not yet received authorization. To overcome this problem the study recommends actions including the speeding up of the authorization process and the introduction of a tolerance level for unapproved GMOs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: EU GMO policy; Zero tolerance threshold; Asynchronous authorisation; Soybean imports; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93125

Designing Market-based Approaches to Short and Long-run Emergency Assistance in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: SIMA,   Technical Team.
Resultados das investigações do Projecto de Segurança Alimentar em Moçambique MAP-Direcção de Economía-Dpto. Estatística
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Emergency assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55205

Foreword
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andrew,   Neil.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124396

Factors Contributing to Zambia's 2010 Maize Bumper Harvest
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Chapoto,   Antony.
Zambia’s maize crop grew by roughly 48% between the 2009 and 2010 harvests, leading to the largest crop recorded in recent history. The 2009 maize harvest was also very good, making the 48% rise in 2010 even more remarkable. The forces driving that increase, however, remain widely debated. Many in government and media have attributed the recent production increase to the government’s fertilizer subsidy program as well as to the state’s recent efforts to raise maize prices through the operations of the Food Reserve Agency. Others have argued that the bumper harvest is partially due to the adoption of conservation farming techniques by farmers. Still others attribute the maize production growth mainly to favorable weather. Unfortunately, none of these claims...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97036

EL PROGRAMA DE GUARDERIAS COMMUNALES DE GUATEMALA: FOCALIZACION EFECTIVA DE LA AYUDA EN ALIMENTOS EN AREAS URBANAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16494

FOOD –RELATED COMMUNICATION IN HUNGARIAN POPULAR PRESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feher,   Orsolya; Hajdu,   Istvanne.
The poster analyses some characteristic features of Hungarian food –trade communication. It is obvious, that the communication is often misleading, and tries to follow some trends, without a well-defined strategy. In last years we seen an increasing importance of food supplements.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Media analysis; Statistics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116451

Supply Response of Export Crops in Zambia: The Case of Coffee
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mofya-Mukuka,   Rhoda; Abdulai,   Awudu.
1) Export diversification has long been at the centre of Zambia’s economic diversification policies. This article focuses on the coffee sector as a potentially important source of export diversification and examines its supply response to changes in various incentives. 2) Zambian coffee exhibits asymmetric short-run supply adjustments to long-run equilibrium such that production rises significantly after prices rise while changing little after prices fall. 3) The fact that coffee in Zambia is mainly grown for export, the changes in real exchange have the most significant effect on supply in that a depreciation in the Zambian Kwacha leads to an increase in coffee supply.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Coffee; Export; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123556

Using a Modified Payment Card Survey on Chinese Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Fair Trade Coffee: Would the Starting Point Matter
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Shang-Ho; Hu,   Wuyang.
Coffee consumption in China is increasing rapidly over the recent years. This study offers one of the few initial attempts to not only understand general consumption behavior associated with Chinese coffee, but to explore the viability of niche markets for coffee with the credence attribute “fair trade”. A modified payment card approach was adopted as the consumer willingness to pay elicitation method. Survey results of 564 consumers from the city of Wuhan, China suggest a positive attitude toward coffee as an alternative drink and a willingness to pay a premium for “fair trade” coffee. This study also explores and describes the potential impact of starting point bias, which has been relatively well documented in the dichotomous choice literature but has...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coffee; Fair trade; Payment card; Starting point bias; Willingness to pay; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D12; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103720

GROWTH, INEQUALITY, AND POVERTY  IN RURAL CHINA: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC INVESTMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Zhang,   Linxiu; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
In the past two decades, China has achieved world renown for reducing rural poverty. However, it is becoming harder to reduce poverty and inequality further in China, even though its economy continues to grow. This report compares the impact specific rural public investments can have on promoting growth and reducing poverty and inequality. Returns to these investments are calculated for the nation as a whole and for three economic zones in the west, central, and coastal regions of the country. Government expenditures that have the highest impact on poverty and growth include education, agricultural research and development, and rural infrastructure (roads, electricity, and telecommunications). Notably, spending on irrigation and anti-poverty loans had...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16523

Abstracts of Selected Papers, NAREA Annual Meetings, Burlington, Vermont, June 7-10, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55550

The Effects of the Food Stamp Program on Energy Balance and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parks,   Joanna C.; Smith,   Aaron D.; Alston,   Julian M.
The Food Stamp Program (FSP) administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the cornerstone of the U.S. federal income and food safety net policy. The FSP has subsidized the food budget for millions of American households for over forty years, spending more than $60 billion per year in recent times. Prior research has demonstrated that women who participate in the FSP are more likely to be overweight or obese than eligible non-participants. This finding raises the concern that the additional income provided by FSP benefits induces participants to eat significantly more calories and gain weight, contributing to the U.S. obesity epidemic. Previous studies of the FSP have yielded mixed results. In this study we develop new conceptual and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program (FSP); Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Obesity; Body mass index (BMI); Nutrition assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18; H53; I12; I18; I38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103537

ESTIMATING ELIGIBILITY AND PARTICIPATION IN WIC:  FOOD ASSISTANCE RESEARCH BRIEF
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor; Blaylock,   James R.
Each year, the United States Department of Agriculture estimates the number of people eligible to participate in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the number who will likely participate, and the expected cost of food. These estimates are used in developing budget requests for WIC, which is funded by appropriations law on an annual basis. If the number of people eligible and likely to participate in WIC is underestimated, the result is a shortage of funds available to fully serve them. If the number of WIC eligibles and participants is overestimated, an inefficient allocation of funds across programs occurs. Estimation of eligibility and participation is a complex process, due to data limitations, varying...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33881

PROBLEMS IN DELIVERING FOOD TO LOW INCOME URBAN AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Dale L.
Many urban areas present problems of great magnitude to the distributor of foods. Congested streets, narrow roadways, lack of off street parking hamper efficient handling of loads. The author examines this problem and outlines possible solutions for the consideration of distributors.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27027

HIV/AIDS and Agrarian Livelihoods in Zambia: a Test of the New Variant Famine Hypothesis.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Chapoto,   Antony; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Myers,   Robert J.
1. Consistent with the New Variant Famine (NVF) hypothesis, the negative impact of drought on crop output and output per hectare is further exacerbated where HIV prevalence rates are relatively high, particularly in the low- and medium rainfall zones of the country (agro-ecological regions I and II). 2. HIV prevalence rates and AIDS-related mortality rates in Zambia are highest in the lowest rainfall and most drought-prone zone of the country (agro-ecological region I). 3. Only for districts in agro-ecological region I do we find evidence of a robust negative effect of HIV/AIDS on agrarian livelihood indicators. Relatively stable food production zones and/or areas with relatively low HIV prevalence rates appear to be less vulnerable to the adverse effects...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Zambia; HIV/AIDS; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q20.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54629

A Profile of the Western Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of the Western Cape. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15619

Staple food prices in Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58558

The Economics of Biotechnology (Gmos) and the Need for A Regional Policy: The Case for COMESA Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minde,   Isaac J.; Kizito,   Mazvimavi.
Many countries in the world have adopted genetically modified organisms as products that can have great beneficial impact on agriculture, industry and trade. However, to date for the whole of Africa, only South Africa has commercialized genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Realizing the high transactions costs—particularly in trade that may underlie different countries having varying policy stances on biotechnology, COMESA (COMESA—Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, is a regional grouping of 20 countries. In the context of this study, Tanzania is also included although it is not a COMESA member. This is because it belongs to the Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA) of which nine countries...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biosafety; Biotechnology; Africa; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52150

IWRM and Rural Livelihood Project in Dzimphutsi: Process documentation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Koppen,   Barbara; Shaba,   Stalin.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Multiple use; Project planning; Project management; Participatory management; Community involvement; Dams; Irrigation schemes; Irrigated farming; Fish ponds; Livestock; Domestic water; Villages; Water scarcity; Institution building; Water users; Impact assessment; Malawi; Dzimphutsi Village; Mtendere Irrigation Scheme; Nkudzi River; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91814

Welternährung: Qualität und Quantität!
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98118

Linking Safety Nets, Social Protection, and Poverty Reduction - Directions for Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Lund,   Francie.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45767

Consumers’ Valuation of GMO Segregation Programs in Japan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matsumoto,   Shigeru.
The contingent valuation method was used to elicit Japanese consumers’ willingness-to-pay for genetically modified organism (GMO) segregation programs.  The results revealed that most consumers pay nonnegligible premiums for products produced under strict GMO-segregation programs.  However, we found that the premium did not vary by the threshold level of GMO content in the product.  We further found that a government certification did not increase the premium for GMO-segregation programs.  Therefore, an additional mandatory regulation to reduce GMO contaminations would not be worthwhile because such a regulation would incur substantial enforcement costs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation method; Genetically modified organism segregation; Willingness-to-pay; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; D12; M31; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43760

Up in Smoke?: Tobacco Production’s Effect on Childhood Stunting in Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wood,   Benjamin.
Growing attention on the developing world’s potential for export led growth has naturally flowed into the agricultural sector. I examine the effects of Malawian crop adoption on childhood health to determine the effects of transitioning to cash crops in risky food markets. Preliminary results indicate that cash crop households had higher levels of childhood stunting, which may suggest providing additional support for food crop production.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103627

Food Security Strategies for Vanuatu
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Welegtabit,   Shadrack R.
This report describes and analyzes food security conditions and policies in Vanuatu. The national food security systems are dualistic in nature, and the rural and urban food security systems are weakly related. Household food security in rural areas is primarily determined by access to arable land and fishery resources, whereas in urban areas household food security is primarily determined by access to employment. Household food security has been a concern in both rural and urban areas. Both under nutrition and over nutrition are highly relevant indicators that nutritional food security is an important issue in the country.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32666

Labor-intensive public works for food security: Experience in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Teklu,   Tesfaye; Webb,   Patrick.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45871

URBAN CHALLENGES TO FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY: A REVIEW OF FOOD SECURITY, HEALTH, AND CAREGIVING IN THE CITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Garrett,   James L.; Morris,   Saul Sutkover; Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Oshaug,   Arne; Engle,   Patrice L.; Menon,   Purnima; Slack,   Alison; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
No developing country can afford to ignore the shift in the locus of poverty, food insecurity, and malnutrition from rural to urban areas it is now experiencing. This review of recent literature explores the urban face of food and nutrition security in a more comprehensive, integrated way than most previous efforts. The review is organized around a conceptual framework that identifies food insecurity, inadequate caring behaviors, and poor health as the primary causes of malnutrition. It discusses current knowledge in eight areas that require the special attention of policymakers, development practitioners, and program administrators who wish to improve urban food and nutrition security: • the sources and cost of food; • incomes and employment; • urban...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94860

Gender, Agricultural Commercialization, and Collective Action in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Elisabeth; Qaim,   Matin.
With the commercialization of agriculture, women are increasingly disadvantaged because of persistent gender-disparities in access to productive resources. Farmer collective action that intends to improve smallholder access to markets and technology could potentially accelerate this trend. Here, we use survey data of small-scale banana producers in Kenya to investigate the gender implications of recently established farmer groups. Traditionally, banana has been a women’s crop in Kenya. Our results confirm that the groups contribute to increasing male control over banana. While male control over banana revenues does not affect household food security, it has a negative marginal effect on dietary quality. We demonstrate that the negative gender implications...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender; Collective action; Market access; Agricultural technology; Household food security and nutrition; Kenya; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D71; J16; O12; O13; O31; Q13.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121229

Pigeonpea improvement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ryan,   James G.
This study was commissioned by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) to evaluate the economic impact of two projects (8201 and 8567) for which ACIAR provided support from 1982–89. These projects were aimed at the improvement of the grain yield potential of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) using modern plant breeding, along with associated physiological, agronomic, processing and socioeconomic research. The commissioned organisation in Australia was the University of Queensland. The partners were: Fiji (Ministry of Primary Industries, Native Land Development Corporation); Indonesia (Central Research Institute for Food Crops, Agency for Agricultural Research and Development); India (Indian Council for Agricultural Research,...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Pigeonpea; ACIAR; Economic impact; Yield; Plant breeding; Fiji; Indonesia; India; Thailand; Australia; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47498

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and Nutrient Intakes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xiaowen; Yen,   Steven T.
The socioeconomic determinants of Food Stamp Program participation and the effects of program participation on nutrient intakes are investigated, using data from the 2003–04 and 2005–06 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). An endogenous switching regression system of equations is estimated, which includes protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium and iron. Participation in the FSP is found to play an important role in nutrient intakes. Socio-demographic variables such as income, household size and presence of children are also found to affect individuals’ decisions on program participation and nutrient intakes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49529

RETHINKING FOOD AID TO FIGHT AIDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kadiyala,   Suneetha; Gillespie,   Stuart.
HIV/AIDS is a slow-moving, devastating shock that kills the most productive members of society, increases household dependency ratios, reduces household productivity and caring capacity, and impairs the intergenerational transfer of knowledge.  It is socially invisible, complicated by silence, denial, stigma, and discrimination.  While it affects both rich and poor, it is the poor who are most severely impacted.  Though it affects both sexes, it is not gender neutral.    Though AIDS is far more than just another health problem, many development organizations have yet to undertake thorough analyses of its impact on what they do and how they do it.  Even fewer have actually changed their policies and procedures to adjust to the new realities.    In the era...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16430

Participation in Conservation Programs by Targeted Farmers:  Beginning, Limited-Resource, and Socially Disadvantaged Operators' Enrollment Trends
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nickerson,   Cynthia J.; Hand,   Michael S.
Beginning, limited-resource, and socially disadvantaged farmers make up as much as 40 percent of all U.S. farms. Some Federal conservation programs contain provisions that encourage participation by such “targeted” farmers and the 2008 Farm Act furthered these efforts. This report compares the natural resource characteristics, resource issues, and conservation treatment costs on farms operated by targeted farmers with those of other participants in the largest U.S. working-lands and land retirement conservation programs. Some evidence shows that targeted farmers tend to operate more environmentally sensitive land than other farmers, have different conservation priorities, and receive different levels of payments. Data limitations preclude a definitive...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Conservation programs; Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP); Conservation Reserve Program (CRP); Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP); Beginning farmers; Limited-resource producers; Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55641

NUTRITION SECURITY IN URBAN AREAS OF LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sanchez-Grinan,   Maria Ines.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16328

Staple Food Trade in the COMESA Region: The Need for a Regional Approach to Stimulate Agricultural Growth and Enhance Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nijhoff,   Jan J.
COMMON MARKET FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA Twenty Fourth Meeting of the Trade and Customs Committee Nairobi, Kenya 2-4 November, 2009
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Grain; Trade; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q18; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62227

Food policy and poverty in Indonesia: a general equilibrium analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Warr,   Peter G.
Rice is Indonesia’s staple food and accounts for large shares of both consumers’ budgets and total employment. Until recently, Indonesia was the world’s largest importer, but rice import policy is now highly protectionist. Since early 2004, rice imports have been officially banned. Advocates of this policy say it reduces poverty by assisting poor farmers. Opponents say it increases poverty, stressing negative effects on poor consumers. This paper uses a general equilibrium model of the Indonesian economy to analyse the effects of a ban on rice imports. The analysis recognises 1000 individual households, including allmajor socioeconomic categories, disaggregated by expenditures per person. It takes account of effects on each household’s real expenditure and...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: General equilibrium; Rice imports; Trade policy; Indonesia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118588

Heterogeneous Impacts Of Cooperatives On Smallholders’ Commercialization Behavior: Evidence From Ethiopia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bernard,   Tanguy; Gabre-Madhin,   Eleni Z.; Taffesse,   Alemayehu Seyoum.
This paper examines the impact of marketing cooperatives on smallholder commercialization of cereals using detailed household data in rural Ethiopia. We use the strong government role in promoting the establishment of cooperatives to justify the use of propensity score matching in order to compare households that are cooperative members to similar households in comparable areas without cooperatives. The analysis reveals that while cooperatives obtain higher prices for their members, they are not associated with a significant increase in the overall share of cereal production sold commercially by their members. However, these average results hide considerable heterogeneity in the impact across households. In particular, we find smaller farmers tend reduce...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52161

Escaping from Hunger: Research to help farmers in semi-arid Kenya to grow enough food
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lee,   Brian.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118693

Responding to Economic Shocks in Ghana: The Agricultural Sector as a Social Safety Net
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sarpong,   Daniel Bruce; Asuming-Brempong,   Samuel.
The objective of this paper is to document, assess and characterize the role Ghana's agriculture has played as a safety net when the urban labor market suffered economic shocks. The study explores how agriculture influences non-agricultural dependent households. Specific attention is given to the implicit value of the informal insurance role that rural households play in supporting family members who lose jobs acquired after migrating to urban areas. The paper analyses Ghanaian agriculture's social security role in the late 1980s and 1990s. This well documented period in Ghanaian economic literature, coincides with both natural and macro policy shocks and the policy measures taken to cope with the shocks.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Ghana; Labor; Migration; Rural development; Safety nets; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12009

Poverty, Household Food Security, and Nutrition in Rural Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alderman,   Harold; Garcia,   Marito.
Designing strategies and policies that will alleviate poverty and improve household food security and nutritional well being is one of the most important challenges facing government policymakers in developing countries. The choice of strategies and policies depends in large part on understanding the dynamics of poverty, especially the mechanisms by which households acquire and spend income and cope with cries such as poor harvest or loss of employment. This work by Harold Alderman and Marito Gracia represents IFPRI's first comprehensive analysis of the longitudinal data on 800 households collected between 1986 and 1989 in Pakistan. This unique data set enables researchers to examine the temporal dimensions of food security, income and labor dynamics,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Pakistan; Rural poor; Health behavior; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37963

The Role of Media Outreach and Program Modernization in the Growth of the SNAP Caseload
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dickert-Conlin,   Stacy; Fitzpatrick,   Katie; Tiehen,   Laura.
This research seeks to understand the role of information, in the form of media campaigns, and changes in transaction costs, in the form of online applications and call centers, in the growth in county-level SNAP caseloads. We find that SNAP radio advertisements are associated with a small increase in the SNAP caseload, though the magnitude of the estimates are sensitive to the econometric specification.  The SNAP television ads, which were run only in 2006, are negatively correlated with caseloads.  We find evidence of endogeneity in the placement of the advertising campaigns, leading to a positive bias in the estimated effect of the radio ad campaigns and a negative bias in the estimated effect of the TV ad campaigns. We also find the modernization...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; SNAP; Food stamps; Food assistance; Outreach; Advertising; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; H53; I3.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103215

Implementing Rural-Urban Disaggregated Food Demand in a Partial Equilibrium Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason-D'Croz,   Daniel; Magnan,   Nicholas; Msangi,   Siwa; Leroy,   Laetitia.
Global general and partial equilibrium models focused on the agricultural sector can help policy makers do ex-ante analysis by providing a variety of macro-level outcomes, such as changes in flows of international trade, and changes in the supply, demand, and prices of globally traded commodities. IFPRI’s IMPACT model (International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade) model is one such model. Since its inception nearly 20 years ago the model has evolved to inform increasingly complex and nuanced policy issues, such as the explicit modeling of water use and the productive response of agriculture to climate change.  However, on the demand side it has remained a fairly blunt instrument.  One oft mentioned shortcoming of global...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Partial Equilibrium Models; Disaggregated Food Demand; IMPACT model; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103859

Conflict, Food Insecurity, and Globalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messer,   Ellen; Cohen,   Marc J.
We explore how globalization, broadly conceived to include international human-rights norms, humanitarianism, and alternative trade, might influence peaceful and food-secure outlooks and outcomes. The paper draws on our previous work on conflict as a cause and effect of hunger and also looks at agricultural exports as war commodities. We review studies on the relationships between (1) conflict and food insecurity, (2) conflict and globalization, and (3) globalization and food insecurity. Next, we analyze country-level, historical contexts where export crops, such as coffee and cotton, have been implicated in triggering and perpetuating conflict. These cases suggest that it is not export cropping per se, but production and trade structures and food and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Hunger; Conflict; War; Globalization; Export cropping; Coffee; Cotton; Sugar; Human-rights; Right-to-food; Fair trade; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55898

THE EFFECT ON DIETARY QUALITY OF PARTICIPATION IN THE FOOD STAMP AND WIC PROGRAMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilde,   Parke E.; McNamara,   Paul E.; Ranney,   Christine K.
Participants in the Food Stamp Program consume more meats, added sugars, and total fats than they would in the absence of the program, while their consumption of fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products stays about the same. Participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) consume significantly less added sugars, which may reflect the substitution of WIC-supplied juices and cereals in place of higher sugar soft drinks and cereals. These findings come from a study of low-income Americans using the Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition assistance programs; Food intake; Dietary quality; Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII); Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33837

WIC AND BREASTFEEDING RATES:  FOOD ASSISTANCE RESEARCH BRIEF
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oliveira,   Victor.
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) promotes breastfeeding as the preferred method for feeding infants. The breastfeeding rates among women participating in WIC, although improving, continue to be significantly lower than the Healthy People 2010 target established by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services—that at least 75 percent of women initiate breastfeeding and at least 50 percent continue breastfeeding for at least 6 months. WIC faces several challenges in increasing breastfeeding among program participants.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33807

Macroeconomic Crises And Poverty Monitoring: A Case Study for India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Ravallion,   Martin.
Assessment of the welfare impacts of low-frequency events, such as macroeconomic crises and stabilizations, are often confounded by sampling and nonsampling errors that generate fluctuations in household survey-based welfare indicators; they are also limited by our ability to explain fluctuations in terms of other available data. Basing policy on short-term movements in welfare indicators can thus be hazardous. There was a sharp increase in India's poverty measures in the aftermath of the mid-1991 crisis and the ensuing stabilization reforms. However, only one-tenth of the increase in measured poverty is explicable in terms of the variables one would expect to transmit the shock. Poverty measures soon returned to their pre-reform levels, belying the notion...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42678

Striga Management through Herbicide Resistance: A Public-Private Partnership in Action
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woomer,   Paul L.; Savala,   Canon N.
Striga is an indigenous parasitic weed that attacks cereals and other crops in Africa.  In maize croplands alone, Striga infests over 2.3 million ha resulting in 1.6 million tons of grain loss worth US $383 million annually.  An innovative approach to controlling the parasite was to induce herbicide resistance in maize and to coat the seed with herbicide to provide chemical protection from infection.  This breakthrough that was realized after 12 years of collaborative research and development by the International Maize and Wheat Centre (CIMMYT), the Kenya Agricultural Research Center (KARI) and the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, is now ready for deployment in Sub-Saharan Africa.  This effort is most advanced in Kenya, where one variety of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Herbicides; Maize; Striga; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52184

The Determinants of Rural Household Food Security in the Punjab, Pakistan: An Econometric Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bashir,   Muhammad Khalid; Schilizzi,   Steven; Pandit,   Ram.
Pakistan is one of the leading producers of important agricultural commodities in the world with a relatively high proportion of undernourished population (26 %). This study aims to examine the food security trends in Pakistan in general, and to find out the household level food security and its key determinants in the rural areas of the Punjab Province in particular. Both secondary and primary data were used. Secondary data were obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Bank and Government of Pakistan’s data sources. Primary data were collected from 1152 households in 12 districts of the Punjab province using questionnaire survey. The analysis was done in two phases i.e. (Phase-A) identification of food security trends, at national...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Rural households; Logistic regression; Punjab; Pakistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I30; Q18 and R20.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122526

IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ON POVERTY: FINDINGS OF AN INTEGRATED ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; Adato,   Michelle; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15943

Subsistence Agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe: Determinants and Perspectives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abele,   Steffen; Voigt,   Peter; Weingarten,   Peter.
Subsistence agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has only recently gained interest from agricultural economists. Their origin, their future and even their definition is still not well elaborated. This paper tries to throw light on the issue of subsistence farming in CEE. It first discusses the theoretical and empirical background of subsistence agriculture. This part is followed by a typology of subsistence farming as found in CEE. Analysis considers several hypotheses on the cause of subsistence agriculture, among them the structure of land ownership, market imperfections and lack of alternative income sources or low opportunity costs of labour respectively. Of all these hypotheses, only the latter can be proofed empirically, which is done by a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Subsistence agriculture; Transition; Central and Eastern Europe; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24880

The Adoption of Quality Standards in Food SMEs: A Network Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdirahman,   Zam-Zam; Sauvee,   Loic.
The contemporary agrifood sectors have witnessed a rapid increase in the use of intangibles, i.e. inputs built upon information, knowledge and communication assets. Consequently firms, in their move towards competitiveness, try to innovate in line with these trends. Innovations in agrifood sectors were traditionally focused around new products and new technologies, and often seen as incremental. Innovations based upon intangibles need a broader view of what is innovation, especially in the context of food SMEs. Indeed food SMEs, which roles in the structuration and dynamism of the food economy in Europe is crucial, have at the same time difficulties and limitations in their innovativeness capacity for intangibles. The main objective of the communication is...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122026

Staple food prices in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Dewina,   Reno.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58553

The Macroeconomic Context for Trade in Guinea Bissau
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kyle,   Steven C.
This paper surveys the current macroeconomic situation in Guinea Bissau in light of proposals to increase the integration of the country with international markets. Major issues are continuing instability in the government, poor infrastructure particularly the port) and a very high degree of dependence on one export – cashew.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cashew; Macroeconomic; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55926

Agricultural Growth, Rural Poverty and Hunger In Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otieno,   Zipora Awuor.
The long-term reduction of hunger and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa remains one of the great challenges for the International development community. Poverty in Africa is predominately rural, majority of the poor people live in rural areas and are dependent on food production through farming or livestock keeping for most of their livelihood. It is estimated that over two hundred million people in Sub-Saharan Africa live in extreme poverty and among these are the rural poor in Eastern and Southern Africa where the worlds highest concentration of poor people are found. Given Agriculture’s central role in the region’s economies, can agriculture play a major role in poverty alleviation? How can Africa’s role in poverty reduction be enhanced? What could be done...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52179

Nutrition in Central Uganda - An Estimation of a Minimum Cost Healthy Diet
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badirwang,   Keeletlhoko Faith; Nakakeeto,   Gertrude; Rudi,   Jeta; Taylor,   Daniel B.
This study makes use of linear programming methodology to design a minimum cost diet for the Central Ugandan region. We used a set of constraints on recommended levels of daily nutrient intake, recommended proportions of groups of foods, as well as preferences and food availability in Central Uganda, to design a minimum cost healthy daily diet. Several models were considered, each forcing at least one of the following frequently consumed staple foods: matooke, cassava, and rice. We found that the minimum costs of the optimal diets were lowest in the planting season of March and highest in the harvesting season of December.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Central Uganda; Minimum cost diet; Malnutrition; Linear programming; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103603

APPLIED FARM FOOD SAFETY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ender,   Judit; Mikaczo,   Andrea.
Recently there have been more and more foodborne illnesses being associated with fresh vegetable produce. In response to this, consumer confidence has been lowered with the safety of the vegetable industry. So, many retailers have recently announced programs requiring growers to have independent third-party inspections.  The goal with this essay is to introduce a  vegetable farm and reveal its food safety procedures from the seeding  through shipping,.  reviewing, evaluating, and strengthening current good agricultural practices (GAPs) used on the farm and good manufacturing practices (GMPs) used in packing facilities, and the recall system which also can reduce microbial risks.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Foodborne illnesses; Food safety procedure; GAP; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43406

Início Antecipado da Campanha de Comercialização de Milho, Feijões e Mandioca: Preços Altos Caracterizam a Campanha de Comercialização de 2007/08
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Equipe Tecnica do SIMA.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Agriculture; Africa; Food security; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53454

Commodity prices, structural constraints and food price shocks in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conforti,   Piero; Sarris,   Alexander H.
This paper explores the impact of the recent soar in world commodity prices on economic activity and household welfare in Tanzania, and the possible policy responses to that shock. The analysis is based on a single country computable general equilibrium model that includes considerable factor market and household details, as well as marketing margins between producers, consumers and foreign markets. Results indicate that the Tanzanian economy may fail to benefit from the opportunities arising from the increase in world agricultural prices, as this would imply a considerable reduction in most production activities, but the few that are directly export oriented. Policies can counteract only to a limited extent these negative impacts. Tariff and domestic tax...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food price soar; General equilibrium policy analysis; Tanzania; Structural constraints; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51905

Does Participation in Microfinance Programs Improve Household Incomes: Empirical Evidence From Makueni District, Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiiru,   Joy M.; Mburu,   John G.; Klaus,   Flohberg.
Although microfinance has elicited different reactions from different stakeholders, there seems to be a general agreement that it is useful in reducing poverty. This study is an attempt to contribute in to the debate on the impact of microfinance on household incomes. We use a pooled data set collected from the south western part of Makueni district in Kenya to study the households’ access to microfinance credit and how the credit affects their incomes. We control for household selection bias as well as endogenity problems in the sample. Cross sectional analysis fails to show any significant positive impact of microfinance on poverty reduction. Only after the inclusion of time dynamics in the study are we able to find a weak positive significance of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Household; Incomes; Kenya; Makueni; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52154

Returns to Scale and the Effectiveness of Money Spent on the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baral,   Ranju; Davis,   George C.; You,   Wen.
In operation for more than 40 years and now in all 50 states and 6 territories, the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program has become a cornerstone in US nutrition education.  The aim of the program is to assist limited resource audiences to acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and changed behavior necessary for nutritionally sound diets, and to contribute to their personal development and improvement of the overall family diet and nutritional well-being.  However, very little is known about the effectiveness of this program, especially at the national level.  The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of money spent on the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program in satisfying its stated goals for adult participants....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition Education; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103345

Emerging Challenges for Food and Nutrition Policy in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stamoulis,   Kostas G.; Pingali,   Prabhu L.; Shetty,   Prakash.
As the income and the average caloric intake of developing country populations increase, a relative shift in diets is taking place. The general pattern of change can be described as a shift towards more 'westernized' diets and away from traditional ones. Accompanying this dietary trend are the substantial and rapid changes in food production, retailing and distribution systems. After reviewing these combined shifts and changes, the paper discusses the implications for rural poverty and food security, food safety and quality but also for diet-related non-communicable diseases and the related, emerging challenges for policymakers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Food systems; Nutrition; Food insecurity; Undernutrition; Malnutrition; Urbanization; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12000

Impact of the National School Lunch Program on Children’s Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gao,   Xiang; Ishdorj,   Ariun; Higgins,   Lindsey M.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: National School Lunch; Food Insecurity; Ordered Probit; Instrumental Variables; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I18; I38; P46; Q18; R28.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119778

FOOD ASSISTANCE AND NUTRITION RESEARCH SMALL GRANTS PROGRAM: EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES OF 1998 RESEARCH GRANTS
Provedor de dados: 31
The Economic Research Service Food Assistance and Nutrition Research Program (FANRP) offers a Small Grants Program designed to stimulate new and innovative research on food assistance and nutrition issues and to broaden the participation of social science scholars in these issues. ERS created partnerships with five academic institutions and research institutes in administering the program. This report presents a summary of the research findings from the first set of small grants, which were awarded in the summer and fall of 1998.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food assistance; Nutrition; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33821

The GAPVU Cash Transfer Program in Mozambique: An Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav; Payongayong,   Ellen M.; Garrett,   James L.; Ruel,   Marie T.
The GAPVU cash transfer program is an important safety net for urban Mozambique. The coverage of the program is impressive within the urban sector, reaching about 16 percent of all urban households. Although the mean transfer amount is just over a dollar per capita per month, it still represents about 13 percent of the beneficiaries' per capita consumption. Despite limited enforcement of means testing, nearly two-thirds of the beneficiary population are deemed to be absolutely poor by a modest poverty line. Net of GAPVU transfers, the proportion in poverty would have been above 70 percent. Limited evidence on nutritional and other nonconsumption indicators is suggestive of the GAPVU beneficiary households being more deprived than urban households in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Safety nets; Poverty Alleviation; Urban Poor; Welfare recipients; Evaluation; Urban Programming; Conditional Cash Transfer Program; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97053

Prospects for a European Animal Welfare Label from the German Perspective: Supply Chain Barriers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Franz,   Annabell; von Meyer,   Marie; Spiller,   Achim.
The Federal Government of Germany as well as the European Commission are discussing the establishment of an animal welfare label. This label should enable consumers to make a conscious purchasing decision on animal welfare products. Various studies show that many consumers (in Germany around 20 %) prefer products produced under animal friendly conditions. However, the supply of such products is limited. The following study examines the source of this discrepancy by way of an action‐based analytical approach and identifies different barriers within the supply chain that prevent the establishment of a market segment for animal welfare products. Although consumer demand will be decisive for long‐term success, first of all the stakeholders of the supply chain...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Animal welfare; Label; Supply chain; Neo‐institutionalism.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101284

The Economics of GM Food Labels: An Evaluation of Mandatory Labeling Proposals in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bansal,   Sangeeta; Ramaswami,   Bharat.
Labeling of genetically modified (GM) foods is a contentious issue and internationally, there is sharp division whether such labeling ought to be mandatory. This debate has reached India where the government has proposed mandatory labeling. In this context, this paper evaluates the optimal regulatory approach to GM food labels. Mandatory labeling aims to provide greater information and correspondingly more informed consumer choice. However, even without such laws, markets have incentives to supply labeling. So can mandatory labeling achieve outcomes different from voluntary labeling? The paper shows that this is not the case in most situations. The paper goes on to explore the special set of circumstances, where mandatory labeling makes a difference to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified (GM) foods; Biosafety; Food labeling; India; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42409

IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF REALLOCATING WATER FROM AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Ringler,   Claudia.
"August 1999". Includes bibliographical references (p.42-48).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water transfers; Water scarcity; Agricultural production; Projections of food supply and demand; Demand management; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97500

South Korea Agriculture Policy Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gurung,   Rajendra Kumar; Pa,   Chung; Deng,   Hugh.
South Korea is a highly urbanized and industrialized country. Increased urbanization and greater specialization have led to rising incomes, and changes in food production and consumption patterns. Changes in consumption and increased production specialization have also resulted in changes in trading patterns, with South Korea emerging as a leading importer of agri-food products.  South Korea places great importance on self-sufficiency in food staples, and achieving income parity between rural and urban households. To attain these goals, considerable support has been provided to its agriculture sector. South Korea's policy support to the agriculture sector ranks among the worlds' highest. Small holdings still persist, entry into the sector is difficult, and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: South Korea; Agricultural policy; Self-sufficiency; Natural resources; Demographics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52051

Conflicts, Rural Development and Food Security in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flores,   Margarita.
This paper examines food security in the context of conflict in West Africa. The analysis developed in the paper recognises the importance of defining conflict type and the trends in conflict so that conflict and post-conflict policies may be implemented. The relationship between food security and conflict is analysed. Whilst conflict exacerbates food security, food insecurity can itself fuel conflict. Strategies designed to assist in post-war rehabilitation need to address key dimensions of food security: availability, access and stability. It is argued in this paper, that consideration of these three dimensions are necessary joint conditions in moving towards a reduction in the numbers of hungry. The cases of Sierra Leone and Liberia are examined to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: West Africa; Conflict; Food Security; Crisis; Hunger; Food Security and Poverty; N47; N57; O13; O18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23811

IMPACT ANALYSIS OF FOOD POLICY RESPONSE ON HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY: THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA’S MAIZE SUBSECTOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vermeulen,   Hester; Ndibongo Traub,   Lulama; Meyer,   Ferdinand H.
This study quantifies the possible income and nutritional impact of the recent commitment by the South African Department of Agriculture to increase budgetary spending on agricultural development. Three levels of models are utilized.  The first, a large-scale partial equilibrium model, generated an outlook for maize grain under two possible future scenarios; the first is the baseline scenario under which it is assumed no additional government investment in the agricultural sector takes place, the second allows for the impact of an investment within the maize subsector large enough to increase local maize production by 15% above the baseline.  The second model, a rational distributed lag model, links the grain sector to the maize meal down-stream market....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Partial Equilibrium Model; Vertical Price Transmission; Household Food Security.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; C22; C32; C53; D1; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51396

THE RIGHT TO FOOD: WIDELY ACKNOWLEDGED AND POORLY PROTECTED
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Nygaard,   David F.; Ratta,   Annu.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16369

Editorial - World Food Supply and Population
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1948
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8653

THE FORGOTTEN POOR AND THEIR FOOD PROBLEMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senauer,   Benjamin.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13789

FOOD, WATER AND WAR: SECURITY IN A WORLD OF CONFLICT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrie,   Chris.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123864

A well of one's own: gender analysis of an irrigation program in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jordans,   Eva H.; Zwarteveen,   Margreet Z.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Groundwater irrigation; Gender; Women in development; Poverty; Households; Agricultural production; Privatization; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113611

The Organization, Behavior, and Performance of the Informal Food Marketing System in Maputo
Provedor de dados: 31
The objectives of the Maputo Market Study were: to develop an initial description and preliminary analysis of the structure and conduct of the informal food wholesaling and retailing sector in Maputo, with emphasis on the marketing of maize grain and flours, and to quantify the principal costs incurred and approximate margins earned by traders in the sector. This report briefly describes the Maputo Market Study. It identifies and describes the function of the principal informal market places in Maputo, and examines the organization and behavior of informal food wholesaling in Maputo.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food marketing system; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56168

International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns:  An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muhammad,   Andrew; Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager.
In a 2003 report, International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns, ERS economists estimated income and price elasticities of demand for broad consumption categories and food categories across 114 countries using 1996 International Comparison Program (ICP) data. This report updates that analysis with an estimated two-stage demand system across 144 countries using 2005 ICP data. Advances in ICP data collection since 1996 led to better results and more accurate income and price elasticity estimates. Low-income countries spend a greater portion of their budget on necessities, such as food, while richer countries spend a greater proportion of their income on luxuries, such as recreation. Low-value staples, such as cereals, account for a larger share of the...
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: ICP 2005; High-value food products; Consumption patterns; Marginal share; Income elasticity; Price elasticity; ERS; USDA; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120252

Market Access and Rural Poverty in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Economic reforms in Tanzania have resulted in low inflation and solid economic growth, but many observers question whether the standard of living of ordinary Tanzanians has improved. Furthermore, there is a strong suspicion that the benefits have been concentrated among the urban population and among rural households with good market access, leaving remote rural households behind. In this paper, we demonstrate a new approach to measuring poverty trends over time. First, the relationship between poverty and household characteristics is estimated using household budget survey data. Second, this relationship is applied to the same characteristics in Demographic and Health Surveys, four of which have been carried out in Tanzania. The results suggest that the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Market access; Tanzania; Economic reforms; Food Security and Poverty; C0; I3; O1; Q13; R0.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25603

Working-Age Adult Mortality, Orphan Status, and Child Schooling in Rural Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
Replaced with revised version January 11, 2012.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Mozambique; Adult mortality; Child Schooling; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119320

Potential Demand for a New Value-Added Cowpea Product as Measured by the Willingness-to-Pay for Cowpea Flour in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otoo,   Miriam; Fulton,   Joan R.; Ibro,   Germaine.
The objective of this paper is to assess the potential demand for a new value-added cowpea product – cowpea flour for purchase by women street food vendors. We use a non-hypothetical real purchase decision mechanism that involves real purchase exchanges of 1 kg packages of cowpea flour in a real market environment in Niamey, Niger.  Completed market transactions were bounded between an upper and lower limit price. Our results indicate that kossai vendors’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for 1kg of cowpea flour exceeds the costs of production including a retail margin. Differences in WTP averages for different groups of vendors (economic status, vendor processor type and scale of production) were found to be statistically significant. Potential exists for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Willingness-to-Pay; Real Purchase decision mechanism; Cowpea-based street foods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61434

Do Farmers Internalise External Impacts of Pesticides in Production?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skevas,   Theodoros; Stefanou,   Spiro E.; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.
In modern agriculture, pesticides feature so prominently in growers’ arsenal to reduce crop damage caused by various pests and diseases. But their indiscriminate use can harm human health and the environment and, eventually, impact agricultural productivity negatively. In an era of an increasing public awareness on the external effects of pesticides, the EU is trying to update its pesticide policy by establishing tax and levy schemes. An important question is whether the external impacts of pesticides are also affecting the farmers’ production environment. A damage abatement specification is used consisting of a potential output function and a damage abatement function. The damage abatement function considers both high and low toxicity pesticides, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Externalities; Biodiversity; The Netherlands; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109403

Road Improvement and Poverty Reduction in Laos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Warr,   Peter G.
Laos is a mountainous country with poor roads and a high rate of poverty incidence, especially in rural areas. It is obvious that better roads could reduce poverty, but by how much? And what forms of road improvement reduce poverty the most? The economic effects of road improvement are complex and multi-channeled. This paper uses a multi-household general equilibrium modeling approach to study these issues. The results indicate that road improvement does reduce poverty but that the quantitative impact depends heavily on the types of road that are provided and the areas in which the road is located.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: General equilibrium modelling; Infrastructure; Poverty; Southeast Asia.; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10416

Who does pesticide regulation protect?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sinha,   Elisabeth Newcomb.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61768

Impact Assessment of agricultural research and development to reduce virus problems in tomato production in Mali: Farmers perceptions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nouhoheflin,   Theodore; Coulibaly,   Ousmane; Norton,   Geoff; Soumare,   S.; Sissoko,   P.
Pests and diseases caused by bacteria, nematodes, fungi and viruses cause significant losses to tomato in West Africa. This study, carried-out within the framework of the IPM-CRSP implemented jointly by IITA, IER and Virginia Tech. and State University, assesses farmers’ perceptions on tomato pests and analyzes factors affecting pest management decision-making. Surveys were carried out in three tomato production areas where pests and diseases are major agricultural problems encountered by farmers. Data were collected a sample of from 343 farmers through a set of questionnaires on tomato production systems. Farmer’s decision-making in pest management was modeled using an econometrics Logit probability model. Results show that the main disease reported by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52092

The Impact of Income and Family Structure on Delinquency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Comanor,   William S.; Phillips,   Llad.
There is no more important issue in the economics of the family than the impact of parents on the behavior of their children. By providing rewards and imposing constraints, parents seek to affect their children’s behavior. The explanation of these actions is that the child’s conduct directly enters into the parent’s utility function. In this paper, we use that framework to explore the role of parental control over his or her child’s delinquent behavior. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we estimate the impact of family income and various dimensions of family structure on a youth’s contact with the criminal justice system between the ages of 14 and 22. From this analysis, we conclude that the single most important factor affecting...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Family structure; Delinquency; Role of fathers; Role of mothers; Food Security and Poverty; J12; J13.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44078

Food Secure In 30 Minutes or Less: The Relationship Between Time Use and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beatty,   Timothy K.M.; Tuttle,   Charlotte.
This paper examines the relationship between household food security status, SNAP participation, and time used in food preparation and acquisition. Using the American Time Use Survey linked with the Current Population Survey's Food Security Supplement, we find that food insecurity and SNAP participation are positive predictors of number of minutes single adult households use in food preparation. Meanwhile, SNAP participation is a negative predictor of food acquisition. Although these results do not imply a causal relationship, they do reveal reflect that food insecure households and households that participate in the SNAP program use time differently than food secure and non-participating households.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Time use; SNAP; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103804

POVERTY AND ACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTURE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gibson,   John; Rozelle,   Scott.
In this paper, our overall goal is to understand how effective access to infrastructure is in reducing poverty in PNG. To meet this goal, we examine poverty in PNG, and seek to show the relationship between poverty and access to infrastructure and then identify the determinants of poverty. In our analysis, we test whether or not access to infrastructure is a significant factor in a household's poverty status. Finally, we want to understand what policies will be effective in overcoming poverty in PNG. Our results show that poverty in PNG is primarily rural and is associated with those in communities with poor access to services, markets, and transportation. Our simulations illustrate that improving access to school leads to large declines in poverty....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11944

Use of household food insecurity scales for assessing poverty in Bangladesh and Uganda.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Zeller,   Manfred.
An important dimension of poverty is access to food. Household food security implies access to the food needed for a healthy and productive life. Lack of access to and/or impaired utilization of food contribute to household food insecurity. This study compares the utility of a standardized food security scale for determining the food insecurity status of rural and urban households in Bangladesh and Uganda and for predicting poverty status. The analysis uses data from the IRIS Composite Survey Household Questionnaire (2004), which consists of 1,587 households (approximately 800 households in each country). The coping mechanisms adopted in the presence of food shortage represent the building blocks for development of the scale (7 items). In order to assess...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7939

FAT TAX: A POLITICAL MEASURE TO REDUCE OVERWEIGHT? THE CASE OF GERMANY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thiele,   Silke.
Using an Almost Ideal Demand System food price elasticities for German households are calculated. These elasticities serve as a basis to simulate the effect of the substitutions of different food types due to a tax on saturated fat. The change of food structure causes effects on the energy and nutrient supply of individuals as well as, on consumer welfare. These effects are analyzed for different German household groups. It is found that decreases in energy and fat intake are small but potentially effective especially for low-income households. However, due to the collateral decrease of nutrients which Germans have deficient supply of, the total health effects of a fat tax remain unclear. Furthermore the results show that low-income groups would bear...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fat tax; Foods; Nutrients; Welfare effects; Almost Ideal Demand System; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D12; Q18; P46; I12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116393

MEASUREMENT OF RELATIVE POVERTY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodgers,   John.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13715

THE FOOD FOR EDUCATION PROGRAM IN BANGLADESH: AN EVALUATION OF ITS IMPACT ON EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; del Ninno,   Carlo.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15998

CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS WITH INCOME MULTIPLIERS: PROCAMPO IN MEXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; de Janvry,   Alain; Davis,   Benjamin.
Cash transfer programs induce multiplier effects when recipients put the money they receive to work to generate additional income. The ultimate income effects are multiples of the amounts transferred. This paper analyzes the PROCAMPO program in Mexico, which was introduced to compensate farmers for the anticipated negative effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on the price of basic crops. The transfer rules and the timing of the panel data collected allow unique control of biases in this impact analysis. We find that the multiplier among ejido sector recipients is in the range of 1.5 to 2.6. Multipliers are higher for medium and large farm households, low numbers of adults in the household, nonindigenous backgrounds, and households...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16402

Impact of HIV/AIDS-Related Deaths on Rural Farm Households' Welfare in Zambia: Implications for Poverty Reduction Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Using comprehensive rural farm household longitudinal data from Zambia, this paper  measures the impacts of prime-age (PA) adult morbidity and mortality on crop production and cropping  patterns, household size, livestock and non-farm income. The paper adopts and extends the  counterfactual (difference-in-difference) approach by controlling for initial (pre-death)  household conditions that may influence the severity of the impacts of adult mortality. In  particular, the study controls for initial poverty status, landholding size, effective dependency  ratios, and the gender and position of the deceased person. Moreover, the possibility that PA  death in the household is endogenous is taken into account by conceptualizing the measurement of  effects of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; HIV/AIDS; Prime-age mortality; Endogeneity; Rural livelihoods; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54473

Facilitating Effective Food Security Policy Reform
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Food Security II Faculty.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads December 2008 - July 2009: 10.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11336

Politicas de Seguridad Alimentaria en los Paises de la Comunidad Andina: Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yep,   Susana Chu; Gamarra,   Rosario Gomez; Bucheli,   Fausto Jordan; Studzinski,   Karlos La Serna; Aguancha,   Alberto Lora; Castro,   Juan Fernando Marrero; Bohrt,   Julio Prudencio; Baca,   Salomon Salcedo; Mena,   Raul Sanchez; Abril,   Octavio Villamarin.
This book analyses the complex concept of food security in the Andean Countries: Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela. The food security situation is examined from a sub regional perspective, and the possible elements of a sub regional food security strategy are outlined. Food security policies are analyzed and policy proposals are made for each Andean country.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11843

Targeting Of Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia: Chronic Need or Inertia?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Strauss,   John; Yamano,   Takashi; Molla,   Daniel.
This paper identifies the factors driving the allocations of food aid in Ethiopia. We determine both how food aid is allocated across rural regions, reflecting the targeting criteria of the federal government, as well as how aid is allocated within regions, reflecting the decisions of local authorities and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Devising a measure of "need" is difficult and controversial and there is no consensus on how to do so. It is agreed by most analysts that income is an imperfect measure of need, yet it is arguably the best single indicator of need in the absence of more detailed anthropometric information. Econometric analysis is used to examine the degree to which food aid is targeted according to pre-aid per capita household...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads May 2008-July 2009: 32.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54048

Food Aid Allocation Policies: Donor Coordination and Responsiveness to the Needs of Recipient Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuhlgatz,   Christian; Abdulai,   Awudu; Barrett,   Christopher B.
This study employs a multivariate Tobit model to investigate whether food aid flows of the main donor countries – USA, EU (Community Aid and Member States), Canada, Japan and Australia – respond to recipient countries’ needs and the extent to which the donors interact in their food aid allocation. The response of global food aid is also analyzed with a censored least absolute deviation (CLAD) model to highlight the overall performance of aggregate food aid. The empirical results generally indicate that both global and bilateral food aid are effective instruments in improving food security at the national level in recipient countries. In particular, global food aid is found to be significantly targeted to poorer countries, as well as countries facing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Need-orientation; Donor coordination; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F35; I38; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51686

„GREEN” PUBLIC RELATIONS: PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE SECTOR OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FOR POLISH AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wlodarski,   Sebastian.
The field of Public Relations has undoubtedly been assuming growing importance in Poland. Understood as an element of marketing communication or a function of company management, it has a significant impact on company’s external and internal environment. According to Puls Biznesu3 the value of the Polish PR market amounted to 250m PLN in 2005, which is a 20% increase as compared to 2004. According to the author Urszula S´wiatl⁄owska, “the turnover of PR agencies is growing and even smaller companies demonstrate their interest in the services”. Considering this, it can be assumed that PR activities will soon be initiated by many smaller Polish companies, often connected with the agricultural sector. The change discussed by the authors of the article...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Public relations; Polish agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43581

Linking Farmers to Markets through Modern Information and Communication Technologies in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mukhebi,   A.W.; Kundu,   J.; Okolla,   A.; Wambua,   M.; Ochieng,   W.; Fwamba,   G.
This paper highlights a market information and linkage system (MILS) developed and tested by the Kenya Agricultural Commodity Exchange Limited (KACE) that increases the efficiency of agricultural markets to work better for smallholder farmers and other small and medium sized agro-enterprises (SMEs). The MILS involves harnessing modern information and communication technologies (ICTs) to empower farmers with low-cost reliable and timely market information to enhance the bargaining power of the farmer for a better price in the market place, and to link the farmer to markets more efficiently and profitably. The components of the KACE MILS are (www.kacekenya.com): Rural based Market Information Points (MIPs) which are information kiosks located in rural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51988

Institutional Innovations for Smallholder Compliance with International Food Safety Standards: Experiences from Kenya, Ethiopian and Zambian Green Bean Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,   Julius Juma; Narrod,   Clare A.; Roy,   Devesh.
Many African countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products to diversify their exports and increase foreign currency earnings. Accessing developed country markets requires meeting food safety standards brought about by several demand and supply side factors. Food retailers in the EU, the major destination market, have developed protocols relating to pesticide residue limits, field and packinghouse hygiene, and traceability. In this changing scenario where food safety requirements are getting increasingly stringent, there are worries that companies that establish production centers in LDCs might exclude smallholder farmers. In this paper, we study the cases of green beans production in Ethiopia, Kenya and Zambia for export...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International food safety standards; Compliance; Smallholder farmers; Institutional arrangements; Collective action; Producer organizations; Public-private partnerships; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52183

Backyard Fish Farmers Information needs in Osun State, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogunlade,   I.
The need for increase in fish production in order to improve protein intake by Nigerians led to this study. The study analyzed information needs of backyard fish farmers in Osun State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the socio-economic characteristics of backyard fish farmers, frequency of performance, importance and difficulties of management practices as well as the constraints facing backyard fish farming. Questionnaire was used to elicit information from 70 backyard fish farmers. The findings indicated that backyard fish farmers in Osun State were mostly males, middle aged, married and most of them rear catfish, Feeding and cleaning are frequently performed by the fish farmers, feeding and maintenance of water quality were of extreme...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Backyard; Fish farmers; Information need; Nigeria.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52078

Why African governments under-invest in agriculture: results from an expert survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Headey,   Derek D.; Benson,   Todd; Kolavalli,   Shashidhara; Fan,   Shenggen.
Agricultural productivity growth is widely seen as an essential instrument of poverty reduction, food security and broader economic growth. Paradoxically, however, the agricultural sector is often neglected by African governments in what is often termed ‘urban bias’. This paper explores what appears to be a very contemporary form of urban bias: that despite open acknowledgement of the importance of agriculture, public expenditure allocations to the agricultural sector remain very low in Africa. An innovation of the paper is to go beyond the broad cross-country picture about why this might be the case to instead examine more complex country stories through the use of expert surveys. Specifically, we interview senior policymakers in ministries of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Urban bias; Public expenditure; Expert surveys.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51818

STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT AND WELFARE IN RURAL AFRICA:  THE ROLE OF RESOURCE CONTROL IN HOUSEHOLDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.
Outline:  I. Introduction II.  Structural Adjustment in Sub-Saharan   Africa III. Conceptual Framework: Welfare Provisioning in Households    A. Model of Time and Income Allocation B. Gender-Differentiated Allocational  Priorities, Access and Power C. Allocative Inefficiency IV. Structural Adjustment Policy Impacts on Household Welfare  A. Expenditure Switching Policies   B. Reductions in Government Expenditures on Social Services V. Conclusions
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12673

Proposals for a World Food Board
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McMillan,   R.B.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1946
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8343

Algumas Reflexões sobre a Pobreza e as Perspectivas para o Crescimento do Sector Rural de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Marrule,   Higino Francisco; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Strasberg,   Paul J.; Tschirley,   David L.; Weber,   Michael T.
Resultados das investigações do Projecto de Segurança Alimentar em Moçambique MAP-Direcção de Economía
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55208

Simulating Farm Household Poverty: From Passive Victims to Adaptive Agents
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schreinemachers,   Pepijn; Berger,   Thomas.
Existing microeconomic models for simulating poverty heavily rely on static projection from statistical inference. When used for simulation these models tend to conceive farm households as passive victims and thereby underestimate their resilience and adaptive capacity. Farming systems research has much to contribute to the research on poverty by bringing in a detailed understanding of farm household decision-making, which directly relates to their adaptive capacity. This paper presents a novel methodology to simulate poverty dynamics using a farming systems approach. The methodology is based on mathematical programming of farm households but adds three innovations: First, poverty levels are quantified by including a three-step budgeting system, including...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25479

Informação para o Sector Privado Agrícola: Novos Serviços do SIMA em Apoio aos Produtores, Comerciantes e Processadores do Sector Agrícola
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56050

Has Trade Liberalization Improved Food Availability in Developing Countries? An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bezuneh,   Mesfin; Yiheyis,   Zelealem.
Trade liberalization has been promoted by the World Bank and IMF based on the argument that openness to trade will contribute to economic growth and development. More specifically, trade liberalization was expected to reduce poverty and improve food availability for local consumption, and thereby contributing to the reduction of malnutrition and to the overall efforts of food security of a nation. Despite the lack of consensus, most developing countries took the challenge to liberalize their economies. Quarter of a century later, to our knowledge, there is little or no consensus about the empirical relationship between trade liberalization events and food availability/security. The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the effect of trade...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51136

Food Policy in the Era of Supermarkets: What's Different?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Timmer,   C. Peter.
This paper examines the role of supermarkets in developing countries from a 'food policy' perspective. The entire food system is being affected by supermarkets, from supply chains impacting small farmers, through traditional marketing channels, to opportunities facing consumers. Issues of macroeconomic impact, distribution of benefits by income class and health consequences of behavioural change by consumers in the face of new consumption possibilities are among the themes discussed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food policy; Food security; Consumer perspective; Macroeconomic impact; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12004

Managing water for the poor; Proceedings of the Regional Workshop on Pro-Poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigation Agriculture in Asia - Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Vietnam, Colombo, 9-10 August 2001
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigated farming; Surface irrigation; Large-scale systems; Poverty; Irrigation programs; Rural development; Participatory management; Conflict; Water users' associations; Farmer-agency interactions; Financing; Policy; Water rates; Pricing; Water scarcity; Rice; Irrigation scheduling; Water delivery; Case studies; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118412

Sense in Sociability? Social Exclusion and Persistent Poverty in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; Carter,   Michael R.; May,   Julian.
Social capital has been identified as an important avenue of upward mobility for poorer people. However, recent theoretical work suggests that in highly polarized societies, the accumulation of social capital is likely to be fragmented and ineffective for people at the bottom of the economic pyramid. In South Africa, apartheid-era policies created such deep, socially embedded inequality producing a self-reinforcing circle of social exclusion and persistent poverty as another of apartheid's legacies.  Work to date on post-apartheid income distribution-with its demonstration of increasing inequality and poverty-is consistent with this legacy hypothesis. This paper takes this hypothesis further by using a two-pronged approach that draws on quantitative and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12679

ARE  WOMEN OVERREPRESENTED AMONG THE POOR? AN ANALYSIS OF POVERTY IN TEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Pena,   Christine.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16006

New Risks and Opportunities for Food Security: Scenario Analyses for 2015 and 2050
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Cohen,   Marc J.; Cline,   Sarah A.; Brown,   Mary Ashby; Bos,   Maria Soledad.
Given the number of undernourished people in the developing world and the increasingly complex risks to food security, policymakers are faced with an enormous agenda. Freeing people from hunger will require more and better-targeted investments, innovations, and policy actions, driven by a keen understanding of the dynamic risks and forces that shape the factors affecting people’s access to food and the links with nutrition. The International Food Policy Research Institute’s (IFPRI’s) International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT) provides insight into the management of these risks through appropriate policy actions. By projecting future global food scenarios to 2050, IMPACT explores the potential implications of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42269

Hired Farm Labor Held Steady in Great Recession
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertz,   Thomas.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120840

The Pricing and Distribution of Yellow Maize Food Aid in Mozambique: An Analysis of Alternatives
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Yellow maize; Food aid; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56013

The Impact of Rising Food Prices on the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zezza,   Alberto; Davis,   Benjamin; Azzarri,   Carlo; Covarrubias,   Katia; Tasciotti,   Luca; Anriquez,   Gustavo.
This paper analyzes the household level impact of an increase in price of major tradable staple foods in a cross section of developing countries, using nationally representative household surveys. We find that, in the short term, poorer households and households with limited asset endowments and access to agricultural inputs will be hit the hardest by the price shock.  Given the ample degree of heterogeneity among households and among the poor, the analysis emphasizes the importance of meaningful policy research to go beyond average impacts to look at how access to assets and inputs, livelihood strategies and other key household characteristics drive the magnitude and distribution of the effects of the price increases.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food prices; Poverty; Welfare; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I3; O12; Q1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51696

Measuring the Poverty Reduction Potential of Land in Rural Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Finan,   Frederico; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; de Janvry,   Alain.
While access to land is back high on the policy agenda as an instrument to attack poverty, strong reservations have been expressed as to whether this strategy can indeed be effective. To help shed light on this important debate, this paper establishes the conditions under which access to land can help reduce poverty in rural communities where poverty is extensive. We use for this purpose household data gathered in 1997 by the Mexican Program for Education, Health, and Nutrition. Results show that access to even a small plot of land can raise household welfare significantly: Using non-parametric regression methods to estimate the relationship between land and welfare, we find that, for small landholders, an additional hectare of land increases welfare on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25056

Qual o Papel da Agricultura Familiar Comercial no Desenvolvimento Rural e Ruduço da Pobreza em Moçambique?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carrilho,   Joao; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Boughton,   Duncan.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56057

THE EFFECT OF RURAL INEQUALITY ON FERTILITY, MIGRATION, ENVIRONMENT AND THUS AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY: A CASE STUDY IN THE ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS IN THE NORTHERN PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirsten,   Johann F.; Rwelamira,   Juliana K.; Fraser,   Frances; Makhura,   Moraka T.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18085

Have Recent Increases in International Cereal Prices Been Transmitted to Domestic Economies? The Experience in Seven Large Asian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dawe,   David.
International cereal prices (in US dollar terms) have been increasing since 2003, but it is domestic prices that affect food consumption and production. This paper analyzes, for seven large Asian countries, the extent to which domestic prices have increased since 2003 and presents several conclusions. First, the data show that the increases in world cereal prices have been accompanied by a real depreciation of the US dollar. For many countries (but not all), this depreciation has neutralized a substantial proportion of the increase in world prices. Second, domestic commodity specific policies in several of these Asian countries have further stabilized domestic prices relative to the change in world prices. This has been especially true for rice, the main...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Asia; Price transmission; Rice; Cereals; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; F10; Q10.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37087

FOOD INSECURITY IN THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND THE INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trueblood,   Michael A.; Shapouri,   Shahla.
Despite adequate food supplies at the global level, many low-income countries experience food insecurity.  Given that food deficits are projected to get even bigger in the future, the problem probably will only get worse.  Added to the concern is the likelihood that global trade liberalization will increase prices and price volatility of major imported staple food commodities.  Presently, the international safety nets that do exist are inadequate in stabilizing food supplies for the more vulnerable countries.  Food aid has been the primary safety net, but is not sufficient to meet estimated needs around the world.  The few alternatives to food aid that have been implemented so far have been either underutilized or ineffective.  New safety net proposals...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19615

Trust, Contracting, and Adaptation in Agri‐Food Hybrid Structures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martino,   Gaetano.
The paper considers the relationship between trust and governance structure from a Transaction Cost Economics perspective. The role of trust in the coordinating decisions is variously conceptualized according to the theoretical view adopted by the scholars. The present study adopt the three‐level schema introduced by Williamson (1996) and suggest that determinants of trust may operate both at institutional and governance structure level. The analytical framework depicted maintains that trust may determine a reduction of ex post transaction cost in the adaptation of hybrid structure. As a consequence trust appears to be able to extend the range of existence of the hybrids. The empirical part of the study is dedicated to a case study which illustrates the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Hybrid; Conditional trust; Adaptation; Contractual relationship.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101283

Effects of Taxing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage and Subsidizing Milk: Beverage Consumption, Nutrition, and Obesity among US Children
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Biing-Hwan; Smith,   Travis A.; Lee,   Jonq-Ying.
Taxing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been proposed as a means to improve U.S. diet and health and generate revenue to address obesity-related issues. A related concern is that children’s intake of SSBs, a third that of milk consumption in the late 1970s, now equals milk consumption. Displacing milk by SSBs may shortchange the buildup of bone mass, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis in later life. Accordingly, we examine the effects that a 20- percent SSB tax and a 20-percent milk price subsidy would have on the diet and health of American children. We estimated US beverage demand systems and used the estimated demand elasticities to examine the impacts of the hypothetical SSB tax and milk subsidy. Our results suggest that a 20-percent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB); Soda tax; Milk subsidy; Beverage demand; And obesity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C30; D12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116448

Overcoming Inefficient Land-Holding of Part-Time and Absent Small Farmers - A Challenge to Nobel Economics Laureate Theodore W. Schultz
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhou,   Jian-Ming.
Paper presented at the International Symposium Sustaining Food Security and Managing Natural Resources in Southeast Asia - Challenges for the 21st Century Organized by University of Hohenheim, Germany Chiang Mai University and Kasetsart University, Thailand International Center for Research in Agroforestry, and International Board for Soil Research and Management 8-11 January 2002 at Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Part-time and absent small farmers; Inefficient land-holding; Low and high income economy; Economies of scale; Obliged lease of unused land to full-time farmers.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; B; O; Q; R.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95864

The Dynamics of Food Stamp Program Participation: A Lagged Dependent Variable Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Atasoy,   Sibel; Mills,   Bradford F.; Parmeter,   Christopher F.
This paper investigates the existence of Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation state dependence and its sources in by analyzing the dynamics of participation in the FSP using a lagged dependent variable approach. Results show that FSP receipt in the previous year is an important determinant of current FSP receipt. However, estimated persistence rates declined significantly after 1996, suggesting that long-term FSP dependency was reduced following broader welfare reform measures. The source of FSP state dependence among low-income households is mostly structural implying that a welfare trap does exist.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Stamp Program; State Dependence; Dynamics; Welfare Trap; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I38; C23; C25.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60963

Investing In African Agriculture to Halve Poverty By 2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Johnson,   Michael; Saurkar,   Anuja; Makombe,   Tsitsi.
This paper proposes a simple methodology to estimate the agricultural spending that will be required to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving poverty by 2015 (MDG1) in 30 sub-Saharan African countries. This method uses growth-poverty and growth-expenditure elasticities to estimate the financial resources required to meet the MDG1, considering both the direct and indirect impacts of agricultural spending on poverty reduction. The paper attempts to address a key knowledge gap by improving estimation of MDG costs at both the regional and country levels.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Millennium Development Goals; Investment; Sub-Saharan Africa; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42807

Using Isolates Endophytic Trichoderma spp., for the Panamá disease biocontrol (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) race 1 in Gros Michel (AAA) cropper of banana vitro-plants with greenhouse conditions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caballero Hernández,   Alvaro José; Enamorado, Luis Ernesto Pocasangre; Casanoves, Fernando; Avelino, Jacques; Fernandez, Ana Cecilia Tapia; Ortiz, Juan Luis.
This paper was submitted on the first national congress of Sustainable Agriculture: Today and future life towards climate change, 25-26 August 2011,UNA Nicaragua.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense; Panama disease; Banana; Gros Michel (AAA); Endophytic fungus; Biological control; Trichoderma spp; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116033

Micro-Savings &amp; Informal Insurance in Villages: A Field Experiment on Indirect Effects of Financial Deepening on Safety Nets of the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flory,   Jeffrey A.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/28/11.    Former title: Indirect Effects of Microfinance: A Field Experiment on Formal Savings Expansion and Informal Safety Nets of the Ultra-Poor
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Formal savings; Indirect effects; Safety nets; Poverty; Food security; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; O17; O16; O12; I30; I38; I10.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103905

World Food Prospects: Critical Issues For the Early Twenty-First Century
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
About 73 million people will be added to the world’s population every year between 1995 and 2020, increasing it by 32 percent to reach 7.5 billion. Much of this population growth will occur in the cities of the developing world. While its rural population is expected to increase by less than 300 million during this period, the developing world’s urban population could double to 3.4 billion in 2020. Per capita incomes are expected to increase in all major developing regions over this period. Meeting the food needs of a growing and urbanizing population with rising incomes will have profound implications for the world’s agricultural production and trading systems in coming decades. IFPRI research suggests some of the major developments that will characterize...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42572

Did farmers’ livelihood improve? An impact assessment of incorporating forages into the crop-livestock system in the coastal savannah zone of Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ameleke,   G.Y.; Okantah,   S.A.; Sottie,   E.T.; Marfo-Ahenkora,   E.A.; Aboe,   P.A.T.
The study used programming methods to assess the farm-level impact of incorporating forages, including dual purpose Cajanus cajan (C. cajan), into the crop-livestock system in the Coastal Savannah Zone of Ghana. The system was modeled in GAMS and solved using linear programming. The optimal enterprise mixes and their resultant net revenues with and without the interventions and therefore the change in net revenue were obtained. The intervention was to grow forages as part of the crop-livestock system and feed them to milking cows and their calves for increased milk production and growth. The grain of the forage was used as food by the farmers, and manure from the animals was also used for crop production. The effect of policy options like educating farmers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: GAMS; Ghana; Grain; Forages; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52075

Coordination for Long-Term Food Security by Government, Private Sector and Donors: Issues and Challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nijhoff,   Jan J.; Tschirley,   David L.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Tembo,   Gelson; Arlindo,   Pedro; Mwiinga,   Billy; Shaffer,   James D.; Weber,   Michael T.; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads June 2008 - June 2009: 20.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11319

Report on Long Term Challenges and Opportunities for Future Competitiveness and Prosperity of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Industry - Chapter 2: Structure and Performance of the Canadian Food Processing Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
This report is the second chapter of the final report prepared by the Federal/Provincial/Territorial (FPT) Working Group (WG) on Economic Analysis at the request of FPT Assistant Deputy Ministers (ADMs), in a joint FPT effort to study the challenges and opportunities facing the agriculture and agri-food sector.  The report is a compilation of data and information that presents a snapshot of the Canadian Food Processing Industry in relation to the structure, performance, productivity growth, innovation, challenges and opportunities. It finalizes the analysis of the FPT WG by expanding and updating the information that was previously published in a Progress report on AAFC Online in February, 2006.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food processing; Structural change; Consolidation; Performance; Competitiveness; Productivity growth; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52706

Der ukrainische Außenhandel mit Produkten der Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft: Eine quantitative Analyse aus Sicht traditioneller und neuer Außenhandelstheorien
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levkovych,   Inna.
Seit den 1990er-Jahren befindet sich die Ukraine in andauernden Umgestaltungen des politischen und ökonomischen Systems. Durch die institutionellen, strukturellen und wirtschaftlichen Reformen und Integrationsbemühungen veränderte sich unter anderem die Produktions- und Handelsstruktur von Agrar- und Ernährungsgütern des Landes. Die WTO-Mitgliedschaft, die Wiederbelebung der Handelsbeziehungen mit den GUS-Ländern sowie die Bemühungen um einen Freihandelsstatus mit der EU sind für die Ukraine mit weiteren Änderungen der außenwirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen verbunden. Durch die weitere Handelsliberalisierung steht der Agrar- und Ernährungssektor der Ukraine, der mit einem Anteil von fast 13 % am BIP in den letzten Jahren einer der wichtigsten Sektoren der...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109520

OPTIMAL DIETARY BLENDING FOR HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA: LESSONS FROM PUBLISHED DATA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogunyinka,   Ebenezer; Norman,   David W.
The study estimates the optimal dietary intake of Lagos State residents.  Analysis of the available data indicates over-consumption of all nutrients which suggests that the common nutrition related health problems in Lagos State could be attributed to excessive nutrient in-take.  Consumption at the optimal level would ensure adequate nutrients at a cost within people's income limitations.  The results however revealed the inadequacies of using published data for the analysis.  An independent diet recall survey is therefore recommended.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35989

Staple food prices in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Tostao,   Emilio.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58561

MANAGING INTERACTIONS BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AND PRESCHOOLER HEALTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Bhattarai,   Saroj; Immink,   Maarten; Kumar,   Shubh K.
Data from Ethiopia, the Philippines, and Pakistan are used in this paper to examine the complex interaction of illness and lack of food on malnutrition rates among preschool children. The paper finds that when diarrhea is prevalent, the effects of food shortages on malnutrition are worse, and when food is scarce, the effects of diarrhea on malnutrition are worse. Policymakers not only must aim to increase incomes and food consumption, but also to assure access to health care, clean water, and sanitation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16234

WORLD FOOD NEEDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kingsland,   Alison M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1946
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8768

Fruit fly in Malaysia and Thailand 1985-1993
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Collins,   B.A.; Collins,   David J.
Fruit flies are a serious economic pest affecting horticultural production world-wide. Increasing coordination of activities between neighbouring countries and those countries involved in fresh fruit trade is leading to more effective regional management of the fruit fly pest.  1.1 ACIAR Research Projects.   ACIAR has supported fruit fly research in developing countries since 1984. Two projects, based in Thailand and Malaysia, have generated significant scientific and economic outcomes. The total cost of these two projects was $1.7m (in 1996 dollars). Specific outcomes include: 1. A more detailed understanding of exotic fruit fly species, their host range, pest status and spatial distribution; 2. Increased interest in fruit fly management in Thailand and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Fruit fly; Malaysia; Thailand; Australia; Pest; Fruit; Production; Export; Papaya; Outbreak; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47194

Foodgrain Subsidies in India: Are they Reaching the Poor?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Umali-Deininger,   Dina; Sur,   Mona; Deininger,   Klaus W.
Concerns about the slow down in agricultural growth and the macroeconomic impact of rising fiscal deficits have refocused attention to public expenditures in the agricultural sector. Rising levels of agricultural subsidies have been blamed for crowding out much needed productivity-enhancing investments. This study examines the potential welfare impacts of subsidy reform by tracing the beneficiaries of the farmer and consumer foodgrain price subsidies, and by assessing the distribution and level of these subsidies across households at the state level. Using benefit incidence analysis, we find that producer price subsidies benefited only a few states, and larger farmers within these states.  The shift to the targeted public distribution system contributed to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19486

Food Drying/ Production Plant
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kasozi,   Maria; Mwegombi,   William.
Tropical Horticulture Enterprises (T.H.E) is a Ugandan initiative that works to add value to fruits, bananas and vegetables. The main out put of this initiative are processed dried fruits, fresh fruits, banana flour and fresh vegetables. T.H.E taps the 22% of banana and fruit loss at farm gate due to failure to access markets timely, besides poor handling knowledge and poor storage facilities in rural agricultural producing areas in the country. The initiative boasts of linkage with farmers and it has a bottom up network through which farmers have benefited in various trainings. The main objective of this initiative is to improve farmer’s incomes through providing an alternative avenue and market access to foods produced and ferried to markets without any...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farmer; Horticulture; Markets; Uganda; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52162

Causes of household food insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kidane,   Habtom; Alemu,   Zerihun Gudeta; Kundhlande,   Godfrey.
The main objective of the study was to examine the determinants of households' food security using a logistic regression procedure. The model was initially fitted with eleven factors, of which six were found to be significant, and all exhibited the expected signs. These include farmland size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result was analyzed further to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant determinant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational levels of household heads lead to relatively greater probability of food security. On the other hand,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31699

Drought Risk and Drought Response in Morocco: Vulnerability, Risk Perceptions and Drought Coping Among Rainfed Cereal Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lybbert,   Travis J.; Kusunose,   Yoko; Magnan,   Nicholas; Fadlaoui,   Abdelaziz.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought; Coping; Vulnerability; Risk; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49367

Meeting Food Aid and Price Stabilization Objectives through Local Grain Purchase: A Review of the 1996 Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amha,   Wolday; Stepanek,   Julie; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Negassa,   Asfaw.
The objective of this paper is to identify factors that can improve the ability of  future local purchase activities to achieve a range of national food policy objectives. This  analysis reviews the design and implementation of 1996 local purchase activities in Ethiopia in  relation to three key policy objectives: price stabilization for farmers; promoting the  development of a competitive and low-cost food marketing system; and procuring food aid resources  in a cost effective manner.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55596

Building a Food Security and Policy Information Portal for Africa (FSIP)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dione,   Josue; Kagwanja,   Joan; Weber,   Michael T.; Staatz,   John M.; Kelly,   Valerie A.
Getting the food and agriculture system moving faster is crucial for structural transformation and poverty reduction in Africa.   This requires investing in basic productive and market infrastructure, and expanding appropriate research, knowledge, and technology for increased productivity at all stages of the agricultural commodity chains. The advent of the World Wide Web and steady reductions in the cost and increases in the speed of Internet services in Africa are changing the way we must think about the development, storage, and dissemination of policy analysis and training materials, which are crucial inputs for agricultural development.  Yet, much remains to be done to harness these information communication technology tools more effectively to help...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9514

Lower Income Households Spent Additional Income on Foods Other Than Fruit and Vegetables
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stewart,   Hayden.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122961

DIETARY EVOLUTION OVER TIME IN EUROPE, BETWEEN CYCLOPS AND PHAECIANS . AN OUTLOOK ON THE ROLE OF SUPPLY-SIDE FACTORS IN DRIVING CHANGES IN THE FOOD PATTERNS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Finardi,   Corrado; Arfini,   Filippo; Turrini,   Aida.
The present study intends to shed light, both from a descriptive and investigative point of view on the dietary evolution taking place in Europe during last 45 years, using secondary data from FAO FBS, which can cover the entire time span considered and allow for several extrapolation and timeseries analysis, differently than single survey data.. After a clustering of selected european national diets, using specific metrics with respect both to internal and external variety (as measured by appropriate indicators), we intended to check the actual distance that average, national diets have in front of the so called Food Pyramid, which consists in a balance of several food items in adequate proportions and in fact glorifies the healthy virtues of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Diets; Evolution; Clustering; Food pyramid; Europe; Trade; GI; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; E37; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116443

THE FOOD COMMISSION REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Purcell,   Graham G., Jr.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17535

POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND SPILLOVER IN MEXICO'S EDUCATION, HEALTH AND NUTRITION PROGRAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Handa,   Sudhanshu; Huerta,   Mari-Carmen; Perez,   Raul; Straffon,   Beatriz.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15990

Alternative Instruments for Ensuring Food Security and Price Stability in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Dradri,   Simon; Haggblade,   Steven.
Given heavy dependence on rainfed maize production, Zambia must routinely cope with pronounced production and consumption volatility in their primary food staple. Typical policy responses include increased food aid flows, government commercial imports and stock releases, and tight controls on private sector trade. This paper examines recent experience in Zambia, using a simple economic model to assess the likely impact of maize production shocks on the domestic maize price and on staple food consumption under alternative policy regimes. In addition to an array of public policy instruments, the analysis evaluates the quantitative impact of two key private sector responses in moderating food consumption volatility— private cross-border maize trade and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Zambia; Africa; Price; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54488

EXPANDING WIC FARMER'S MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tabor,   Michael.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32898

Um Método Simplificado para Avaliar a Suficiência Nutricional em Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rose,   Donald; Tschirley,   David L.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food consumption; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56035

CAN SOUTH AFRICA AFFORD TO BECOME AFRICA'S FIRST WELFARE STATE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thurlow,   James.
This paper assesses the economy-wide impact of implementing and financing a universal or basic income grant (BIG) in South Africa. The various financing scenarios suggested by the proponents of the grant are presented, and these are compared using an applied general equilibrium model for the South African economy. The results indicate that the required changes in direct and indirect tax rates needed to finance the grant without increasing the government deficit are substantially higher than currently predicted. Furthermore, the alternative of reducing government recurrent expenditure to finance the BIG will undoubtedly undermine other government policy objectives. The paper therefore proposes a shift in the current debate, away from determining which of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16297

HIV/AIDS, FOOD SECURITY AND RURAL LIVEHOODS: UNDERSTANDING AND RESPONDING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loevinsohn,   Michael; Gillespie,   Stuart.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15929

Learning from the 2002/03 Food Crisis in Southern Africa: Lessons for the Current Year
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Arlindo,   Pedro; Nijhoff,   Jan J.; Mwiinga,   Billy; Weber,   Michael T.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Research Results of SIMA (Market Information ) DEST (Statistics Department)t and DAP (Policy Analysis Department) of MINAG (the Ministry of Agriculture of Mozambique), Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food crisis; Southern Africa; Trade; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55250

Health impact assessment of folate biofortified rice in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: De Steur,   Hans; Gellynck,   Xavier; Storoshenko,   Sergei; Liqun,   Ge; Lambert,   Willy; Van der Straeten,   Dominique.
Introduction: As folate deficiency is mainly caused by the dependency on folate-poor staple crops, such as rice, the implementation of rice with a high level of natural folate could be a successful pro-rural and pro-poor intervention strategy to reduce folate deficiencies in China, where about 260 million people are considered to be folate deficient. Consuming folate biofortified rice instead of conventional rice could prevent someone from negative health outcomes of folate deficiency, such as megaloblastic aneamia and neural-tube defects. Especially for poor Chinese women of childbearing age, folate biofortification could be important to prevent them from having a baby with a neural-tube defect, the main adverse health outcome. As Northern and Southern...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Folate biofortification; Health impact; Neural-tube defects; DALYs; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I1; D6.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116439

Declining Poverty in Latin America? A Critical Analysis of New Estimates by International Institutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Helwege,   Ann; Birch,   Melissa B.L.
Indicators of progress in overcoming poverty in Latin America have been heralded recently by international institutions. Yet a closer look at data from the World Bank and the United Nations reveals contradictions that are not easily resolved by reference to the underlying methodologies. This paper provides an introduction to how poverty is measured, what the data indicate about trends in poverty, and reasons to tread cautiously in interpreting it as evidence of progress or stagnation. While significant progress has been achieved in a few large countries, the poorest countries are still very poor, and some countries have even seen increases in their poverty rates despite economic growth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37279

A Profile of the Eastern Cape Province: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of the Eastern Cape. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15617

WHY DO PROJECTIONS ON CHINA'S FUTURE FOOD SUPPLY AND DEMAND DIFFER?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Agcaoili-Sombilla,   Mercedita C.
This paper analyzes the macroeconomic assumptions, demand and supply parameters, and structures of the models used in projecting China’s future food supply, demand, and trade. Projections from these models vary greatly, from China being almost self-sufficient in grain to becoming a net importer of 369 million metric tons of grain in 2030. The differences arrive mainly in the supply projections (the combined effect of land decline and yield growth). The paper also suggests methodology improvements needed in making future projections of China’s grain economy, such as endogenizing government policies, and taking into account the linkage between the agricultural with the non-agricultural sectors, technical change in livestock industry, and infrastructure...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16111

The effect of food price and income changes on the acquisition of food by low-income households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alderman,   Harold.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food prices; Low-income consumers; Food consumption; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42910

IS DIETARY DIVERSITY AN INDICATOR OF FOOD SECURITY OR DIETARY QUALITY? A REVIEW OF MEASUREMENT ISSUES AND RESEARCH NEEDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15954

Research Areas
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124085

Network Experiences Lead to the Adaption of a Firm’s Network Competence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuhne,   Bianka; Cochez,   Carl; Gellynck,   Xavier.
Networks become increasingly important as external sources of innovation for firms. Through networks firms get in contact with different actors with whom they can exchange information and collaborate. A firm’s ability to be a successful network actor depends on its network competence. This term can be defined as having the necessary knowledge, skills and qualifications for networking as well as using them effectively. In this paper we investigate the link between a firm’s network competence and the benefits resulting from it in a two-way direction. First, the network competence of the firm facilitates the adoption of information from other network actors which may lead to innovation success. Second the perceived network benefits shall in their turn...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Network competence; Innovation; Network management; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121852

Agricultural Technology Adoption and Rural Poverty: Application of an Endogenous Switching Regression for Selected East African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asfaw,   Solomon; Shiferaw,   Bekele A.
Achieving agricultural growth and development and thereby improving rural household welfare will require increased efforts to provide yield enhancing and natural resources conserving technologies. Agricultural research and technological improvements are therefore crucial to increase agricultural productivity and thereby reduce poverty. However evaluation of the impact of these technologies on rural household welfare have been very limited by lack of appropriate methods and most of previous research has therefore failed to move beyond estimating economic surplus and return to research investment. This paper evaluates the potential impact of adoption of modern agricultural technologies on rural household welfare measured by crop income and consumption...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural household welfare; Technology adoption; Propensity score matching; Endogenous switching; Ethiopia; Tanzania; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C13; C15; O32; O38.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97049

Rapport de Mission Conjointe OMA/PROMISAM
Provedor de dados: 31
The mission aimed at evaluating cereal markets in order to inform and advise decision- makers. The mission noted a drop in the price of rice in the region of the Office du Niger due to the increase in the off-season cultivated acreages and the adequate supply of fertilizers to the region. Similarly, the price of coarse grains also dropped in major areas of their production. However, producers and traders face the challenge of storage for a long period. Consequently, it is recommended to reinforce the capacity of storage of private traders.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Mali; Food Security and Poverty; Q10.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57061

Why the Poor in Rural Malawi Are Where They Are: An Analysis of the Spatial Determinants of the Local Prevalence of Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd; Chamberlin,   Jordan; Rhinehart,   Ingrid.
We examine the spatial determinants of the prevalence of poverty for small spatially defined populations in rural Malawi. Poverty prevalence was estimated using a small-area poverty estimation technique. A theoretical approach based on the risk chain conceptualization of household economic vulnerability guided our selection of a set of potential risk and coping strategies—the determinants of our model—that could be represented spatially. These were used in two analyses to develop global and local models, respectively. In our global model—a spatial error model—only eight of the more than two dozen determinants selected for analysis proved significant. In contrast, all of the determinants considered were significant in at least some of the local models of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Spatial regression; Poverty determinants; Poverty mapping; Malawi; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59601

Food Security and Poverty of the Rural Households In Kwara State, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omotesho,   O.A.; Adewumi,   Matthew Olaniyi; Fadimula,   K.S.
A fundamental challenge the world faces today is ensuring that millions of households living in poverty have access to enough food to maintain a healthy life. Africa over the years has been looking for ways to solving the problem of food security and it is an important topic in discussions of Africa leaders. While there are national data on food security and poverty, information on rural food security and poverty are not readily available especially in Nigeria. This study, therefore, employed discriminant analysis to examine the levels and the major determinants of food security and poverty among the rural households who are the major producers of food in Nigeria. Using the basic calorie and protein requirement per capita of households, our result revealed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discriminant Analysis; Food Security; Nigeria; Poverty; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52203

Revitalizing and Modernizing Smallholder Agriculture for Food Security, Rural Development and Demobilization in a Post-War Country: The Case of the Aldeia Nova Project in Angola
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kimhi,   Ayal.
The Aldeia Nova project aimed at demobilizing ex-combatants to remote areas and settling them in modern agricultural communities. Three years since the first settlers arrived at the Waku-Kungu valley, 600 families are using modern agricultural technology to produce milk, eggs and vegetables which are marketed in the urban centers of Angola. These families earn a decent living and provide employment to hundreds of others. The entire area was revitalized with thousands of families pouring in to enjoy the benefits of the booming local economy. This paper presents the concept of the Aldeia Nova project, describes its evolution, and discusses its strengths and weaknesses. It concludes that the benefits of the project go far beyond its measureable economic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Smallholder agriculture; Rural development; Food security; Technology adoption; Cooperation; Demobilization; Reconciliation; Angola.; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48527

PROSPECTS FOR GLOBAL FOOD SECURTY: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF PAST PROJECTIONS AND PREDICTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCalla,   Alex F.; Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16343

POPULATION PRESSURE, MARKET ACCESS AND FOOD SECURITY IN THE UPLANDS OF NORTHERN VIETNAM: A MICRO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pandey,   Sushil; Khiem,   Nguyen Tri.
Upland areas in Vietnam account for two-thirds of its natural area and one-third of its population.  These uplands are characterized by heterogeneous and fragile ecosystems, a high incidence of poverty, severe deforestation and soil degradation.  Rice is an important staple which is grown in the upland fields using shifting cultivation and in intensive lowland fields. The predominantly subsistence-oriented agricultural production system of these upland areas is undergoing intensification due to rapidly increasing population pressure.  Changes in government policies regarding uplands and improvements in access to markets have led to the evolution of market-oriented production systems in some areas.  In addition, rapid improvement in the productivity of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20667

Financing Smallholder Agricultural Production in Kenya: An Analysis of Effective Demand for Credit
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nyikal,   Rose Adhiambo.
Financing smallholder farming has been one of the major concerns of Kenya’s development efforts. Many credit programs have evolved over the years but with dismal performance. In a study that sought to find the best way to fund smallholder agriculture, it became necessary to analyze and document smallholders’ effective demand for credit. Of particular interest was the comparison of the existing production plans and production plans under strictly profit maximization. Linear programming model was used to formalize observed plans and determine those under profit maximization. Both the activities and the values of outputs under different objectives were compared. Farm Investment Analysis was undertaken to determine the suitability of funding farm activities...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Credit; Finance; Kenya; Smallholder; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52083

Applied Welfare Analysis with Qualitative Response Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanemann,   W. Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7160

The Role of International Trade in Achieving Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   William A.
Deteriorating food security status is primarily a local phenomenon resulting from failures in food systems and inadequate incomes. Technological advances in agriculture have led to declining long-term trends in food prices, which have assisted in improving diets. It is projected that in the first half of the twenty-first century, food production increases will have a difficult time keeping pace with the increase in population, leading to increased incidents where local price spikes for food lead to deteriorations in the food security status of many locally resident individuals. International trade in food products will be key to mitigating the effects of local food systems failures.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Food security; International trade; Price spikes; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117818

POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND "SPILLOVER" IN MEXICO'S EDUCATION, HEALTH, AND NUTRITION PROGRAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Straffon,   Beatriz; Handa,   Sudhanshu; Huerta,   Mari-Carmen; Perez,   Raul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16016

Non-Timber Forest Products and Rural Poverty Alleviation in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mulenga,   Brian P.; Richardson,   Robert B.; Tembo,   Gelson.
Forests support rural livelihoods and food security in many developing countries by providing critical sources of food, medicine, shelter, building materials, fuels, and cash income. The increasing demand for forest products has enhanced rural livelihoods and enabled the expansion of domestic markets, particularly in urban areas where woodfuel and other forest resources are scarce. Therefore, non-timber forest products may offer sources of income and opportunities for poverty alleviation in both rural and urban areas. In Zambia, most rural households residing near forests extract a range of forest products for both direct consumption and trade (including food products and wood for cooking fuel and charcoal production), and forest products are among the top...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Resource economics; Non-timber forest products; Poverty; Zambia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123220

How are Vegetables Marketed into Lusaka? The Structure of Lusaka’s Fresh Produce Marketing System and Implications for Investment Priorities.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Tschirley,   David L.
Key findings regarding the structure of trade for tomato, rape, and onion into Lusaka are (a) regional trade is an important part of Zambia’s fresh produce  system, (b) supply chains for tomato, rape, and onion are short, (c) the role of the modern market system is very small, and (d) the role of urban agriculture in supplying Lusaka markets for these vegetables is also small, though it is meaningful in the case of rape. Main policy implications from this and related work are that (a) investments and policies to promote regional trade are relevant for the horticultural sector, not just food staples, (b) the traditional market system needs improved hard infrastructure linked to more collaborative  public/private management models and improved coordination...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Vegetables; Zambia; Produce; Marketing; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93008

Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven.
Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and regional corridor development programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Markets; Technology transfer; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; R12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97030

FOOD SECURITY AND ITS EFFECT ON CONSUMERS' FOOD BILLS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stegelin,   Forrest E.
A decade ago, food security focused on the availability of a food supply, not on the umbrella concept that today encompasses quality (nutrition, taste), safety (healthful, not harmful) and availability (supply).  How concerned are the consumers?  Food security is apparently taken for granted; only nine-percent of consumers surveyed expressed concern.  Food retailers were deemed most accountable for ensuring food safety, and farmers/producers and food processors were assumed most responsible for food quality, but food security drew ambiguous responses.  Monitoring identifiable points of vulnerability the sites, considering the cost to the industry, would add about $255 to the consumer's annual food bill.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27954

Resource Abundance, Poverty and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bulte,   Erwin H.; Damania,   Richard; Deacon,   Robert T.
The negative correlation between resource endowments and GDP growth remains one of the most robust findings in the empirical growth literature, and has been coined the “resource curse hypothesis”.  The policy consequences of this result are potentially far reaching.  If natural resources are an inescapable curse, this may imply that countries richly endowed with natural resources can only develop by turning their backs on their comparative advantage and diversifying into other non-resource based activities. This paper analyzes whether the negative statistical relationship between natural resource abundance and economic growth spills over to other important economic and social indicators.  The impact of resource wealth on several proxies of economic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Resource abundance; Economic growth; Developing countries; Cross-country analysis.; Food Security and Poverty; Q2; Q3; O13; O47; O57.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23803

Rural Poverty Dynamics, Agricultural Productivity and Access to Resources
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gamba,   Paul; Mghenyi,   Elliot W.
The objectives of this paper are: measure the prevalence of rural poverty in 1997 and 2000, based on the nationwide Tegemeo survey; categorize households according to whether they were above the poverty line in both 1997 and 2000, entered into poverty or exited from poverty between 1997 and 2000, or were above the poverty line in both years; identifies the household-level and community-level factors associated with rural poverty through econometric analysis; and the implications of these results for the design of appropriate poverty reduction strategies. Such analysis is intended to guide donor programs and interventions designed to attack the roots of chronic poverty.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Kenya; Rural Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55165

A HAZAI ÖKOMÉZ PIACI LEHETŐSÉGEI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Panyor,   Agota.
A kérdőíves felmérésből megállapítható, hogy rendkívüli fontosságú az ökoméz és a hagyományos technológiával készült méz közötti különbség tudatosítása, melyben fontos szerepet játszik a marketingeszközök megfelelő és hatékony alkal-mazása, többek között a különböző kiadványok és reklámok. Fontos cél, hogy a magyar fogyasztó részesítse előnyben a hazai terméket, tudja és érezze át, hogy a magyar élelmiszer vásárlásával segíti a hazai vidéki lakosság megélhetését, az ökoélelmiszer választásával védi a természeti környezetet és a saját egészségét.  A 2081/92/EGK rendelet szerinti közösségi oltalom (eredetvédelem) lehetőségét célszerű lenne kihasználni a termelői csoportosulások aktív közreműködésével. Nagy figyelmet indokolt szentelni a fiatal generációk...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Kérdőíves felmérés; Eredetvédelem; Ökotermék védjegy - questionnaire survey; Community protection; National brand-mark for eco-products; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Marketing.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54308

Durabilité des systèmes de production des petits ruminants: Une approche de santé  animale–marketing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lokman,   Zaibet.
L’objectif de ce papier est d’identifier les contraintes de commercialisation des petits ruminants sur le marché aux bestiaux.  Ces contraintes sont particulièrement prononcées chez les petits éleveurs. Notre recherche met en évidence la relation entre les caractéristiques de cette catégorie d’éleveurs et le choix du lieu de commercialisation (marché, sur la route ou à la ferme).  Ce choix est lié aussi aux coûts de transaction qui se manifestent sur le marché mais aussi à l’état de santé du cheptel.  La décision de ne pas se rendre sur le marché est supposée influencer négativement la continuité de cette activité et par conséquent la durabilité de d’élevage chez les petits éleveurs. Parmi les facteurs trouvés favoriser la chance de se rendre sur le marché...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52099

Meeting Food Aid and Price Support Objectives through Local Grain Purchase: A Review of the 1996 Experience in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Grain Marketing Research Project, Ministry of Economic Development and Cooperation, Addis Ababa
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Ethiopia; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54956

Credit for Alleviation of Rural Poverty: The Grameen Bank in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Mahabub.
There is a growing recognition that institutional credit plays an important role in the modernization of agriculture through technological change. It is clear that as those processes of modernization occur, incomes rise and expenditures on locally produced goods and services expand in such a manner as to increase the demand for labor and labor-intensive entrepreneurial activities. The question then arises as to what extent institutional credit can be offered to very poor people to facilitate their taking direct advantage of the developing entrepreneurial activities. Perhaps the most widely admired effort to answer this question is that of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh. One of the commendable features of the Grameen Bank is its desire to have its...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Grameen Bank; Rural poor; Bangladesh; Small business; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42590

Cassava as drought insurance: Food security implications of cassava trials in Central Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barratt,   N.; Chitundu,   D.; Dover,   O.; Elsinga,   J.; Eriksson,   S.; Guma,   L.; Haggblade,   M.; Haggblade,   Steven; Henn,   T.O.; Locke,   F.R.; O'Donnell,   C.; Smith,   C.; Stevens,   T.
Wide, weather-induced fluctuations in maize production lead to recurrent food shortages in Zambia's maize consuming regions, while the cassava-growing regions of the north enjoy stable food production, even in drought years.  Noting this striking correlation between drought vulnerability and the prevalence of maize as a staple food, a growing array of agencies in Zambia has begun introducing highly productive new cassava varieties, developed in the north, to more central and southerly regions in an effort to provide low-cost food security during drought years.  Yet agroecological conditions in these drought-prone regions differ significantly from the northern research stations where Zambian scientists developed the new cassava varieties.  So it is not...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31729

Policy Options for Increasing Crop Productivity and Reducing Soil Nutrient Depletion and Poverty in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Pender,   John L.; Kaizzi,   Crammer; Edward,   Kato; Mugarura,   Samuel.
This study was conducted with the main objective of determining the linkages between poverty and land management practices in Uganda. The study used the 2002/03 Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) and more focused data collected from a sub-sample of 851 households of the 2002/03 UNHS sample households. We found that farmers in Uganda deplete about 1.2 percent of the nutrient stock stored in the topsoil per year, which leads to a predicted 0.31 percent reduction in crop productivity. The value of replacing the depleted nutrients using the cheapest inorganic fertilizers is equivalent to about 20 percent of household income obtained from agricultural production. Econometric analysis of the survey results provides evidence of linkages between poverty and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Land degradation; Soil nutrient depletion; Poverty; Crop productivity; Natural resource management; Land management; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q15; Q57; Q51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59227

Of What Merit is Improved Inputs use in Uganda's Maize Productivity?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okoboi,   Geofrey.
This paper used the Uganda National Household Survey (UNHS) dataset of 2005/06 to examine the productivity of improved inputs used by smallholder maize farmers in Uganda. Yield and gross profit functions were estimated with the stochastic frontier model. Results revealed a significant effect improved inputs use on yield but not gross profit. Farmers who used commercial improved seed with fertiliser obtained superior yield but lower gross profit compared to farmers who planted recycled seed (of improved variety) without fertiliser. Furthermore, if the opportunity cost of own land and labour inputs in maize production were imputed, overall, farmers made economic losses. Based on the prevailing farmers’ production technology and market conditions, maize...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Improved inputs; Productivity; Uganda; Food Security and Poverty; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96649

JAAE Back page
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120441

Fair policies for the coffee trade - protecting people or biodiversity?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kitti,   Mitri; Heikkila,   Jaakko; Huhtala,   Anni.
We investigate the role that economic instruments can play in the eradication of poverty and preservation of biodiversity in agroforestry management in coffee production. Most of the world's coffee producers live in poverty and manage agro-ecosystems in regions that culturally and biologically are among the most diverse on the globe. Despite the relatively recent finding that bees can augment pollination and boost coffee crop yields substantially, the short-term revenues to be had from intense monoculture drive land-use decisions that destroy forest strips serving as habitats for pollinating insects. Our study investigates the possibility of multiple equilibria in the adoption of technology in coffee production; farmers specialize in environmentally...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11858

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AS A KEY TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Lynn R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16352

The Recovery of Consumer Purchasing Behavior after a Food Crisis: A Case Study of the Melamine Incident in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quan,   Shiwen; Zeng,   Yinchu; Yu,   Xiaohua; Liu,   Yuanyuan.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Purchase Behavior; Trust; Food Crisis; Milk; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61042

Reducing fish losses due to Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome - An Ex Ante Evaluation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Centre for International Economics.
The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project no. 9130 established causes and control measures for epizootic ulcerative syndrome, a major killer of wild and cultured fish. The project cost $1.7 million dollars and, based on conservative assumptions, could yield net benefits (in present value terms) of $56 million. These significant benefits are a result of the importance of fish production in Australia, Indonesia and Thailand, both as a commercial crop and a source of subsistence income.  These benefits are based on the assumption that the knowledge obtained from the project is actually adopted by fish producers and others. There is no guarantee of this, and the results should be interpreted in that light. This also suggests...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Fish; Production; Australia; Indonesia; Thailand; Epizootic ulcerative syndrome; Disease; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47499

Oil and Agriculture in the Post-Separation Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siddig,   Khalid H.A.
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), which was signed by the government of Sudan and the Sudanese People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) ended more than 20 years of civil war. According to the CPA, the Sudan’s government has 50% of the oil exploited from the wells existing in the south in addition to the oil produced from the northern wells. The latter represents about 30% of the total oil production in Sudan. In January 2011, the people in southern Sudan have voted for separation from the Sudan and in July 2011 the Republic of South Sudan was officially announced as Africa’s newest state.  Now the CPA period is over and the south possesses its entire production of oil, but need to use the export infrastructure that exists in the north to export it. For...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Oil; Agriculture; Sudan; South Sudan; Separation; CGE modelling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; C6; D5; D6; F1; F2; H5; N5.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122341

Food Marketing and Pricing Policy in Eastern and Southern Africa: Lessons for Increasing Agricultural Productivity and Access to Food
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Jones,   Stephen P.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads July 2008 - July 2009: 10.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11337

Beyond Agriculture? The Promise of the Rural Economy for Growth and Poverty Reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anriquez,   Gustavo.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112590

The Response of Consumption to Income Shocks:  Evidence from the Indian Trade Liberalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tandon,   Sharad; Landes,   Maurice R.
This paper uses the Indian tariff reforms of the early nineties to estimate how households responded to the negative income shocks caused by the tariff decreases.  Households more hurt by the tariff reform decreased overall expenditure, but the response is not uniform across food items.  In particular, households more hurt by the reform did not change their consumption of cereals, but decreased their consumption of all other food items.  Although this coping mechanism helped maintain overall levels of calorie consumption, diet diversity and the associated benefits were sacrificed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Trade; Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D7; D8; H2; O2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103767

AVOIDING CHRONIC AND TRANSITORY POVERTY: EVIDENCE FROM EGYPT, 1997-99
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Ahmed,   Akhter U.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15921

Does Household Headship Affect Demand for Hybrid Maize Seed in Kenya? An Exploratory Analysis Based on 2010 Survey Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smale,   Melinda.
Women are central to food production and maize is a dominant food staple in Sub-Saharan Africa, but published gender analyses of hybrid seed use in Sub-Saharan Africa are uncommon. Building on previous work, this paper tests the effects of headship definitions on hybrid seed use and explores the variation between male- and female-headed households and among female-headed households in Kenya. Analysis is based on survey data collected by Tegemeo Institute of Egerton College during the 2009-10 cropping season.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Maize; Seed; Kenya; Household headship; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118475

Is Food Insecurity More Severe in South Asia or Sub-Saharan Africa?:  A Comparative Analysis Using Household Expenditure Survey Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Wiesmann,   Doris M.
This paper uses data from national household expenditure surveys to explore whether food insecurity is more severe in South Asia or Sub-Saharan Africa. It employs two indicators of the diet quantity dimension of food insecurity, or the inability to access sufficient food: the prevalence of food energy deficiency and the prevalence of severe food energy deficiency. It also employs two indicators of the diet quality dimension, indicating lack of access to nutritious food: the prevalence of low diet diversity and the percent of energy from staple foods. It finds the regions’ food energy deficiency prevalences to be quite close (51 percent in South Asia, 57 percent in Sub-Saharan Africa). However, the prevalence of severe food energy deficiency, which is more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food energy deficiency; Diet quality; Sub-Saharan Africa; South Asia; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42401

Impact Des Politiques D’alphabetisation Sur La Production Et La Securite Alimentaires Au Togo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koffi-Tessio,   Egnonto M.; Homevor,   Kpotogbe; Kouma,   Komi.
L'étude a pour objet de cerner les relations qui existent entre les politiques d’alphabétisation mises en place au Togo, et la production et la sécurité alimentaires. A partir des techniques de co-intégration, les résultats révèlent l’existence d’une relation d’équilibre de long terme entre l’alphabétisation et la production alimentaire d’une part, et entre l’alphabétisation et la sécurité alimentaires, d’autre part. Les estimations montrent que, si les effets des variables de capital physique sur la production et la disponibilité alimentaires sont pour la plupart négatifs, aussi bien à court terme qu'à long terme, traduisant le faible recours des exploitants agricoles aux techniques modernes de production agricole, le rôle de la variable alphabétisation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Politique; Alphabetisation; Securite alimentaire; Co-integration; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52202

ARE THE EFFECTS OF THE MACROECONOMY AND SOCIAL POLICIES ON POVERTY DIFFERENT IN RURAL AMERICA?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gundersen,   Craig.
The macroeconomy and social policies can have substantial influences on poverty in the United States. In this paper, I investigate whether these influences differ across metro and nonmetro areas. To do so, using a 16-year panel of state-level data, I estimate state and year fixed effects models separately for metro and nonmetro areas to see if the effects of the macroeconomy and social policies differ between these two areas. These models are estimated using two measures– the poverty rate and the squared poverty gap – and by family type. I find that cyclical forces have a much stronger effect on the poverty rate in nonmetro areas in comparison to metro areas but the effects are similar for the squared poverty gap; wage growth has a pronounced effect on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18909

Food Risks and Type I &amp; II Errors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nganje,   William E.; Skilton,   Paul F.
The IFAMR is published by (IFAMA) the International Food and Agribusiness Management Review. www.ifama.org
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Food defense; Error based disruption; Control oriented supply networks; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty; Q130.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119977

The impact of smallholder commercialisation of organic crops on food consumption patterns, dietary diversity and consumption elasticities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hendriks,   Sheryl L.; Msaki,   Mark M.
The impact of smallholder commercialisation on food consumption patterns in a rural community of South Africa was investigated. The dietary diversity, nutrient intakes and consumption patterns of certified, partially certified and non-members of an organic farmers’ organisation were compared. Engagement in certified commercial organic farming promoted comparatively greater dietary diversity and improved nutrient intakes. While smallholder agriculture commercialisation has the potential to improve food consumption patterns and food quality through increased income and labour opportunities, caution should be exercised before claiming that such commercialisation can alleviate food insecurity and solve hunger in rural South Africa.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Growth; Smallholder; Consumption; Nutrition; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53383

Impact of Grain Legume (Groundnut) on Energy and Nutritional Levels of Tribal Farm Households in Koraput (Orissa)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Govindaraj,   G.; Basu,   M.S.; Barik,   N.C.
The introduction of groundnut through the support of IFAD &amp; ICRISAT in the tribal areas of Koraput in Orissa has been able to supplement the nutritional levels of farm households in the area. The protein intake due to groundnut consumption has been found to be around 20 per cent in the IFAD participants and 11 per cent in the non-participants. The study has observed a perceptible contribution of groundnut (grain legume) in meeting the protein and energy needs of the tribal farm households in the study area. Further, groundnut has been found as the cheapest source of protein and energy among different food items like fish, meat, egg, etc., consumed by the tribal households. This low-cost energy-rich grain legume (groundnut) may be popularised to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47360

Title II Food Aid and Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Towards a Principled Argument for When, and When Not, to Monetize
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Howard,   Julie A.
This paper attempts to develop a set of principles and approaches to food aid, and specifically to monetization, that balance pragmatic short-run considerations against the need to pursue better long-term solutions. The paper summarizes trends in U.S. foreign assistance, and reviews historical and recent critiques of food aid.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Monetization; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Downloads May 2008-July 2009: 30; E5.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54572

Food Security and Agricultural Protection in South Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beghin,   John C.; Bureau,   Jean-Christophe; Park,   Sung Joon.
As part of its food security policy, South Korea has been pursuing food self-sufficiency using high tariffs and high administrative prices in key agricultural and food markets. Using a dual approach to trade and trade restrictiveness indices, we analyze the impact of these market distortions on welfare and trade volume. Then, we compute optimum distortions, which minimize the welfare costs of observed self-sufficiency and production objectives. We rationalize these optimum distortions to what could be claimed as legitimate protection under a "food security" (FS) box in World Trade Organization negotiations. FS-box protection is sensitive to changes in the definition and the extent of the FS objectives. We show that FS via production targets and reliance on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural distortions; Food security; Korea; Protection; Targeting; WTO negotiations; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18547

Transmission of World Food Price Changes to African Markets and its Effect on Household Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Paper to be presented at the Comesa policy seminar “Food price variability: Causes, consequences, and policy options" on 25-26 January 2010 in Maputo, Mozambique under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Markets Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Food prices; Global markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58563

Food Security Strategies for Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Igua,   Passinghan Bukley K.
This paper analyzes food availability and its related risks, distribution institutions, uses, commodity balance, food aid and related government policies at the national level. It also looks at household food availability, access, consumption patterns, nutritional quality and sufficiency. The Papua New Guinea National Food Security Policy is also described with its strategies to improve food security in the country.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32696

Funções de Exportação de Alimentos para o Brasil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Silva,   Cesar Roberto Leite da; Carvalho,   Maria Auxiliadora de.
A segurança alimentar é uma preocupação permanente para todas as nações, mas nesse início de século o tema ganhou destaque internacional porque o crescimento vigoroso da economia global e a demanda de produtos agrícolas para produção de biocombustível pressionaram os preços para cima. O Brasil é um importante exportador de alimentos, com participação crescente no mercado internacional. Esse trabalho estima as funções de  exportação dos alimentos a partir de dados da FAO para o período 1961 a 2005. Os resultados mostram que a influência do crescimento mundial é bem maior que a das variações cambiais o que contribui para justificar os crescentes superávits da agricultura, a despeito da apreciação cambial.---------------------Food safety is a permanent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Segurança alimentar; Funções de exportação; Agricultura; Comércio exterior; Food safety; Export functions; Agriculture; International trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108151

PROSPECTS FOR GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN ZAMBIA, 2001-2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; Thurlow,   James; Robinson,   Sherman.
Zambia is one of the poorest countries in Africa. Despite substantial reform during the 1990s, the economy has remained heavily dependent on urban-based mining. Copper's long-standing dominance led to a strong bias against agriculture, which undermined the sector's growth and export potential. Consequently poverty has remained concentrated within marginalized rural areas. Recent volatility in copper exports and growing foreign debt indicate the need for further economic diversification and pro-poor growth. These needs have been clearly identified in the country's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), which outlines a series of policy objectives aimed at combating HIV/AIDS, reversing the deterioration of education and rural infrastructure, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60181

Agricultural economists and world poverty: progress and prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rola-Rubzen,   Maria Fay; Hardaker,   J. Brian; Dillon,   John L.
New development paradigms come and go, seemingly with increasing rapidity, yet poverty remains the scourge of the developing nations. As we enter the new millennium, we fear that still more development fads and fancies will emerge, to be taken up and then dropped by the development community. These swings in fashion bring with them the danger that the ‘basics’ of effective development strategies for poverty reduction will be neglected. In this article, we advance some personal and perhaps controversial views about the virtues of getting agriculture moving as a means of reducing poverty, and about the role that agricultural economists can and should play in that endeavour.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117381

The New Generation of African Fertilizer Subsidies: Panacea or Pandora’s Box?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kelly,   Valerie A.; Crawford,   Eric W.; Ricker-Gilbert,   Jacob.
For several reasons, fertilizer subsidies are again popular policy tools. First, there is broad agreement that fertilizer is a critical yet still-underused input for improving productivity and food security in Africa. Second, politicians have felt greater urgency to increase domestic food production since the 2007/08 food price crisis. Third, subsidy programs are highly visible, popular with voters, and viewed as politically beneficial. Fourth, donor budget support has made it easier for governments to pay for subsidies.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Fertilizer subsidies; Africa; Malawi; Zambia; Senegal; Feed The Future; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107460

Patterns of restructuring food markets in South Africa: The case of fresh produce supply chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chikazunga,   Davison; Joordan,   D.; Bienabe,   Estelle; Louw,   Andre.
The restructuring process of the food markets in South Africa is at an advanced stages of consolidation and the emergence dominance of few supermarket chains expanding into non-traditional areas, through franchise format stores and forecourt stores overtaking informal wet markets and green grocers. The growth has been followed by consolidation of the procurement system from a decentralised to a centralised procurement and distribution mechanism replacing the wholesaling function of the National Fresh Produce Markets.  The growth in disposable income, , population growth and urbanization have fuelled the demand food outlets like supermarkets which in turn fuels innovations and dynamic changes surrounding supermarkets Keywords: Fresh produce, Procurement,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51995

L'ETAT ACTUEL DE LA SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE EN R.D. CONGO: DIAGNOSTIC ET PERSPECTIVES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31844

Poverty and Inequality in Vietnam: Spatial Patterns and Geographic Determinants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Baulch,   Bob; Epprecht,   Michael.
Information on the spatial distribution of poverty is particularly useful in designing geographically targeted programs to address regional disparities—a matter of high priority for many countries. Until recently, most developing countries were forced to design these programs based on rough indicators of poverty or on the results of household budget surveys, which typically generate poverty estimates for a limited number of regions. In the late 1990s, a new approach was developed combining census data and household budget survey results to generate poverty estimates for small areas such as districts, allowing the construction of “poverty maps.” A1998 IFPRI study in Vietnam was one of the first to experiment with this approach. A similar method was...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Vietnam; Equality; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37882

Factors Affecting Poverty Dynamics in Rural Zambia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Banda,   Diana J.; Haggblade,   Steven; Hamukwala,   Priscilla.
Rural poverty rates in Zambia have remained very high, at 80%, over the past decade and a half, whilst urban poverty rates have declined, from 49% in 1991 to 34% in 2006. Redressing this high rural poverty rate remains a government priority in the National Development Programs. However, solutions have proven elusive. Solid empirically based information on dynamics that have improved the welfare of small-scale farm households in Zambia, combined with an agenda for disseminating this information in public discourse, offer prospects for generating a more transparent and pro-poor policy orientation. Using longitudinal data collected from 4,286 households which participated in three nationwide surveys conducted over seven years, in 2001, 2004, and 2008, we...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty Dynamics; Zambia; Rural poverty; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109888

IMPACT OF DOMESTIC FOOD PROGRAMS ON NUTRIENT INTAKE OF LOW-INCOME PERSONS IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chavas,   Jean-Paul; Keplinger,   Keith O.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30228

Avian Influenza outbreaks and poultry production mitigation strategies in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mu,   Jianhong H.; McCarl,   Bruce A.
In this paper, two AI mitigation strategies are examined, quarantine and vaccination. Meanwhile, associated welfare changes are evaluated by using FASOM. Results found that changes of total national welfare of U.S are insignificant with or without vaccination. Once comes to livestock producers, impacts become significant although magnitudes are small. For example, under 20% demand shocks, vaccination strategy dominates no vaccination at the production, market and national level. However, vaccination has no advantage when there is no demand shifts.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: AI outbreak; Mitigation strategies; Vaccination; Demand shift; FASOM; Welfare; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116452

FOOD SECURITY IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omot,   Norah.
The food security situation in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is discussed. PNG is a nation blessed with natural resources but continues to face development and environmental challenges with implications on food security. While the country may be secured in terms of food production and quantity, there are concerns on the nutritional aspects. Short term threats, aggravated by climate change and other challenges such as increasing food prices are major concerns. Lessons learnt on efforts to address threats and other challenges and some strategies identified by the National Agricultural Research Institute are discussed.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124204

Measuring Oligopsony Power of UK Salmon Retailers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fofana,   Abdulai; Jaffry,   Shabbar.
A significant increase of concentration in the UK salmon retail subsector has heightened concerns about retail firms’ ability to exercise market power in the purchase of supplies (oligopsony power). To assess the extent to which retail firms have exercised oligopsony power, we develop a dynamic error correction translog profit function to model the behaviour of retailers in the input market for smoke, fillet and whole salmon. Initial estimates indicated violations of monotonicity and convexity conditions as implied by economic theory. In order to ameliorate the problem, a Bayesian technique was used to impose inequality restrictions to correct the anomaly. The final estimated indices of market power in the models were low and statistically significant but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Salmon; Market power; Error correction model; Translog profit function; Food Security and Poverty; JEL-I; JEL-J.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61116

What International Organizations Can Do to Address Global Hunger (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hatch,   David C.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90990

Responding to Poverty: Communitarian Solutions through Cooperative Facilitation of Primary Associations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   Peter.
The core idea presented in this paper is a model of the economic system that seeks a larger role for the domestic economy vis-a-vis the money economy. It is argued that labor applied in the domestic economy can add value in ways that can have a significant impact on the standards and quality of life for the poor. Cooperative self-help principles applied to families and friendship groups are the mechanism for mobilizing the domestic economy's forces of production with the mainstream cooperatives directing their existing member relations and member education facilities to act as promoters and facilitators of the idea. The strategy is presented as an alternative to the employment creation-oriented anti-poverty policies favored in the West. The author claims...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62058

Observable and unobservable determinants of a healthy diet in Russia: A structural equation approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burggraf,   Christine; Glauben,   Thomas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Brosig,   Stephan.
The Russian Federation is facing crucial dietary problems which burden the health care sector to an increasing degree. In order to correct this trend explanations for the observed mostly unhealthy diets are needed. Therefore the main target of this study was to find evidence about the main determinants of a healthy diet in the Russian Federation based on household production theory. In order to do that a healthy eating index for the Russian population was calculated according to the Diet Quality Index-International and used to describe the nutrition quality of the Russian diet. In a next step an empirical model was developed. In this model sociodemographic/socioeconomic variables were extended by the psychological variables such as overall dissatisfaction,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Russian Federation; Latent variables; Structural equation analysis; Obesity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I120; R200.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116447

Potential Impacts of Foodborne Illness Incidences on Market Movements and Prices of Fresh Produce in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Palma,   Marco A.; Ribera,   Luis A.; Bessler,   David A.; Paggi,   Mechel S.; Knutson,   Ronald D.
This study investigates the potential impacts of food safety outbreaks on domestic shipments, imports, and prices of the produce industry. Three case studies were analyzed to assess these potential impacts: the cantaloupe outbreak of March–April 2008, the spinach outbreak of September 2006, and the tomato outbreak of June–July 2008. Data-determined historical decompositions were conducted to provide a weekly picture of domestic shipment, import, and price fluctuation transmissions. The empirical analysis based on a vector autoregression (VAR) model showed differences in the results depending on the source of the outbreak (domestic vs. imported).
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Directed acyclic graphs; Food safety; Fresh produce; Historical decomposition; Outbreaks; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100526

FOOD SECURITY AND THE HOUSEHOLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senauer,   Benjamin; Roe,   Terry L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14452

A Survey of Findings on the Poverty Impacts of Agricultural Trade Liberalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.
The purpose of this survey is to review the available empirical evidence on the impacts of agricultural trade liberalization on poverty – considering both the impact of domestic and international liberalization. Since trade liberalization is generally an economywide phenomenon, with tariff cuts occurring across a wide range of commodities, we do not restrict ourselves to episodes where only agricultural trade was liberalized, although emphasis in this survey is given to agricultural trade policies. Furthermore, given the difficulty of isolating the effects of trade policies alone, we will also consider the impact of other types of external shocks which have the effect of changing the relative prices of tradeable and non-tradeable goods. By examining the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Rural development; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110127

Food Security Survey: Phase I,  Agricultural Production and Land Use Season 2000A
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Edson,   Mpyisi; Jean Baptiste,   Nyarwaya; Emmanuel,   Shingiro; Daniel,   Clay; Valerie,   Kelly A.
REPUBLIC OF RWANDA,  MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL RESOURCES, AND FORESTRY,  Food Security Research Project (FSRP) and Division of Agricultural Statistics (DSA)
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Rwanda; Agricultural production; Land use; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55535

Prosper or Perish: Asian Poverty and the Australian Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Tim.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124426

A Comparison of Household Food Security in Canada and the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Hopwood,   Heather.
Food security—consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life—is essential for health and good nutrition. The extent to which a nation’s population achieves food security is an indication of its material and social well-being. Differences in the prevalence of household level food insecurity between Canada and the United States are described at the national level and for selected economic and demographic subpopulations. Associations of food security with economic and demographic characteristics are examined in multivariate analyses that hold other characteristics constant. Comparable measures of household food security were calculated from the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2.2 (2004) and the U.S. Current...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56488

Do Brokers Help or Hinder the Marketing of Fresh Produce in Lusaka?  Preliminary Insights from Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe.
Brokers are agents who arrange sales without taking ownership of the commodity, earning their money on a commission. Brokers are a common but often controversial presence in wholesale markets of East and Southern Africa. Efficient brokering can be beneficial by matching buyers and sellers more effectively than if each had to search independently for someone to transact with. Yet buyers and sellers can be harmed if brokers are able to behave in uncompetitive, collusive, or unethical ways. In Soweto market of Lusaka, common complaints lodged by sellers are that brokers force sellers to use them by threatening the security of the sellers’ produce, and that the brokers add  “hidden” commissions when selling a farmer or trader’s produce. This policy brief...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Brokers; Marketing; Produce; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93007

Vegetable Production and Pesticide Use in Ghana: Would GM Varieties Have an Impact at the Farm Level?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Horna,   J. Daniela; Timpo,   Samuel E.; Al-Hassan,   Ramatu M.; Smale,   Melinda; Falck-Zepeda,   Jose Benjamin.
The objective of this study is to evaluate pesticide use as an important factor affecting potential adoption and farm level impact of genetically modified (GM) vegetable varieties in Ghana. Tomato is the most consumed vegetable and a food security crop. Cabbage is a vegetable of growing importance but limited cultivation and is produced in urban areas. Garden egg is a native African crop of wide consumption and importance for rural economies. Farm level information was collected in randomly selected sites in southern and central regions of Ghana. Partial budget analysis shows that investments in pesticides are rather low, especially for tomato and garden egg. Analysis of production using an abatement framework shows that insecticide amounts are significant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm; Genetically Modified; Ghana; Tomato; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52182

Food Aid and Biofuels: The Effects of Biofuel Policies on Procurement and Delivery
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardwell,   Ryan T.; Kerr,   William A.
The food-aid community almost unanimously condemns policies that encourage crop production for fuel.  Both food-aid donors and recipients are concerned that biofuels will increase foodgrain prices and leave donors unable to meet commitments.  The effects of biofuel-induced higher cereal prices on food-aid recipients are complicated functions of several factors, each of which must be considered in an analysis of the effects of biofuel policies.  These factors include the level of biofuel-induced price increases, changes in relative commodity prices, donor-recipient relationships and the sources from which food aid is procured.  This article analyses the effects of biofuel policies on the food-aid supply chain and concludes that the more reliant a recipient...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Biofuels; Development economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O13; Q18; Q42.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51705

Regional Cooperation to Improve Food Security in Southern and Eastern African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koester,   Ulrich.
Success in ensuring a continuous, adequate supply of food is one of the most important bases on which governments of low-income countries are judged by their people. This is because downward fluctuations in food supplies wreak great privation on low-income people and redistribute real income away from them. In view of this, the International Food Trade and Food Security Program at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has undertaken a series of studies of food supply management in developing countries. Among the policies considered have been schemes to compensate for fluctuations in food production and supply and in foreign exchange availability at the national, regional, and international levels. IFPRI's studies of food management...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food supply; Southern Africa; Tanzania; Economic integration; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42175

State Participation-to-Poverty Rates for SNAP Mask County-Level Variation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirlin,   John A.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121435

MEASURING THE WELL-BEING OF THE POOR:  DEMOGRAPHICS OF LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blisard,   Noel; Harris,   James Michael.
The economic well-being of the U.S. population with incomes below 130 percent of the official poverty guideline is of special interest to policymakers and food assistance program administrators. For example, the Food Stamp Program uses gross income below this level as one of several criteria for determining eligibility for program benefits. This study employs alternative welfare measures, including the Sen index, to assess the economic status of the low-income population and to track changes in welfare status over time. In general, welfare measures of households with income no greater than 130 percent of the poverty line improved slightly between 1981 and 1995. The study also assesses which demographic characteristics that describe these low-income...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food stamps; Demographics; Low-income households; Welfare measures; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33582

POVERTY IN RURAL AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Waldo,   Arley D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1968
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13913

Agricultural Growth and Investment Options for Poverty Reduction in Rwanda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Fan,   Shenggen; Kanyarukiga,   Sam; Yu,   Bingxin.
An economywide, multimarket (EMM) model was developed for Rwanda to analyze the linkages and trade-offs between growth and poverty reduction goals at both macro- and micro-economic levels. The model includes 30 agricultural commodities or commodity groups from eight broad agricultural subsectors, along with two aggregated nonagricultural sectors. The analysis compares the economic, income, and poverty effects of a variety of growth scenarios based on existing national subsector growth targets. The analysis shows 6 percent of CAADP’s agricultural GDP growth target is achievable if growth reaches its target at the agricultural subsectoral level. But it is not enough for the country to achieve the MDG One, although the national poverty rate in 2015 will be 17...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42427

INTERNATIONAL FOOD STAMPS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peterson,   Willis L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13829

Creating Incentives for Micro-Credit Agents to Lend to the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aubert,   Cecile; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Microfinance institutions (MFIs) have introduced incentive pay schemes for their credit agents to induce information acquisition on borrowers. Bonuses linked to repayment are efficient for profit-oriented MFIs but insufficient for nonprofit MFIs trying to reach very poor borrowers, when repayment and wealth are positively correlated. We show that no incentive scheme is consistent with this (non-verifiable) objective: Random audits on the share of very poor borrowers selected by the agent become necessary. Under the optimal contract, non-profit MFIs generally maximize the number of poor borrowers it services by crosssubsidization between very poor and less poor borrowers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Micro-credit; Pro-poor; Objectives; Incentives; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; O16; D82; L31.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25024

Increasing world food prices: blessing or curse?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matovu,   John Mary; Twimukye,   Evarist P.
This study evaluates the potential impact of the recent world food prices on the Ugandan economy and possible policy options to respond to it. Uganda is largely a net exporter of some cereals whose prices increasing considerably especially maize. Using a recursive dynamic CGE model, we attempt to answer questions on who are the beneficiaries and losers after the surge in food prices. The rural producers of maize tend to benefit considerably with their poverty levels reducing. On the other hand, the urban purchasers of cereals are affected owing to the higher prices of food. this therefore suggests that the Ugandan government should take advantage of the increasing food prices by stimulating and undertaking policies that would enhance productivity...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Urban poor; Food prices; CGE model; Food security; Matovu; Twimukye; Economic Policy Research centre; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54804

DOES GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING OF NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS MAKE SENSE IN CITIES? EVIDENCE FROM ABIDJAN AND ACCRA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morris,   Saul Sutkover; Levin,   Carol E.; Armar-Klemesu,   Margaret; Maxwell,   Daniel G.; Ruel,   Marie T.
Although most developing country cities are characterized by pockets of substandard housing and inadequate service provision, it is not known to what degree low incomes and malnutrition are confined to specific neighborhoods. This analysis uses representative household surveys of Abidjan and Accra to quantify small-area clustering in service provision, demographic characteristics, consumption, and nutrition. Both cities showed significant clustering in housing conditions but not in nutrition, while income was clustered in Abidjan, but less so in Accra. This suggests that neighborhood targeting of poverty-alleviation or nutrition interventions in these and similar cities could lead to undercoverage of the truly needy.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94516

POVERTY AND DIVERSITY OF LIVELIHOOD SYSTEMS IN POST-APARTHEID RURAL SOUTH AFRICA: INSIGHTS INTO LOCAL LEVELS IN THE EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perret,   Sylvain R.
This paper highlights the plight of black rural areas in South Africa, in which deep poverty and weak subsistence agriculture are embedded.  The apartheid policy and its numerous measures are the first causes of such a situation.  Besides, the existence of a relatively well-developed non-agricultural labour market also maintains productive agricultural activities at a low level. This paper attempts to contextualize those elements in the Eastern Cape province.  At province level, the paper first provides the main features of poverty and livelihood systems.  Then, typological approaches are used to better understand the socio-economic diversity of local livelihood systems, beyond generic statistics. The results show that diversity is a major trait of local...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18063

EFFECTS OF POSTING CALORIE INFORMATION ON QUICK SERVICE RESTAURANT MENUS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Joshua; McCluskey,   Jill J.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116435

ESTIMATING THE POVERTY IMPACTS OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reimer,   Jeffrey J.
As a new round of World Trade Organization negotiations is being launched with greater emphasis on developing country participation, a body of literature is emerging which quantifies how international trade affects the poor in developing countries. This survey summarizes and classifies thirty-five studies from this literature into four methodological categories: cross-country regression, partial-equilibrium/cost-of-living analysis, general-equilibrium simulation, and micro-macro synthesis.  These categories encompass a broad range of methodologies in current use. The continuum of approaches is bounded on one end by econometric analysis of household expenditure data, which is the traditional domain of poverty specialists, and sometimes labeled the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28695

THEY SAY THAT THEY ARE HEALTHY, BUT ARE THEY? HEALTH PERCEPTIONS IN THE U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ross,   Kara L.; Amanor-Boadu,   Vincent.
Public health initiatives are the result of strategies developed to address current health issues facing a population that are posing a significant concern to the public. This concern is primarily driven by the economics of health care. The objective of this study is to provide a contemporary analysis of how socio-economic and behavioral factors influence subjective health status. By understanding how these factors influence perceived health status, we can develop successful policies and strategies to target those groups who have a gap between their perceived and real health status and significantly lower health care costs. This analysis makes use of the socio-economic and behavioral data from the 2005-2006 NHANES and an extension of the traditional...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Self-perception; Health status; Education; Ordered logit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I10; D03.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116438

ECONOMIC CRISIS IN ASIA: A FUTURE OF DIMINISHING GROWTH AND INCREASING POVERTY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Ringler,   Claudia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16211

Effectiveness of Two Water Conservation Policies: An Integrated Modeling Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Das,   Biswa R.; Willis,   David B.; Johnson,   Jeffrey W.
Agriculture in the Texas High Plains depends entirely on the Ogallala Aquifer. Texas enacted water conservation legislation to address declining reserves in the aquifer. We developed an integrated regional water policy model that links a hydrology model with an economic optimization model to estimate policy impacts with respect to economic cost and water conservation. Testing the effectiveness of two policies, a groundwater extraction tax and extraction quotas, we observe that neither significantly inhibits groundwater use. Although both policies conserve similar amounts of groundwater, the regional cost of the tax policy to agriculture is more than the quota policy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Integrated regional water policy model; Texas High Plains; Water conservation policy; Hydrology model; Economic optimization model; Ogallala Aquifer; Tax policy; Quota policy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Q30; Q31; Q38.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100523

Food Crises and Food Markets: Implications for Emergency Response in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54508

A Socio-Economic Survey of the Smallholder Sector in the Province of Nampula: Research Methods
Provedor de dados: 31
The decision was made to conduct a survey among smallholder households, which would be  as comprehensive as possible, given the limitations of personnel, timing and funding. This paper  discusses the research design and survey methods that were employed, as well as the rather unique  circumstances in which the study was implemented.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55916

The Economics of Rural Poverty - A Review of the Post-World War II United States and Canadian Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bryant,   W. Keith; Bawden,   D. Lee; Saupe,   William E.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95731

HOW EFFECTIVELY DO PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM TRANSFER BENEFITS TO THE POOR? EVIDENCE FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haddad,   Lawrence James; Adato,   Michelle.
This paper uses project and household data to examine the ability of 100 or so public works projects in Western Cape Province, South Africa, to target benefits—both direct and indirect—to those living below the poverty line. We find that public works projects generally outperform hypothetical untargeted cash transfers in this regard under a wide range of assumptions about underlying parameters.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Public Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16394

Identification of Key Analytical Agenda Related to CAADP Pillars 2 and 3
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Haggblade,   Steven.
Prepared by Food Security Group, Michigan State University,
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Caadp; Food Security and Poverty; Q11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57447

THE NIGERIAN AGRICULTURE AND POVERTY INCIDENCE: THE NEED FOR PRIVATE SECTOR EMPOWERMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okuneye,   P.A.; Fabusoro,   E.; Adebayo,   K.; Ayinde,   I.A.
Poverty in Nigeria is concentrated in rural areas. Low resource or resource-poor farmers characterized by preponderance of small farm units, fragile soils, rain-dependent, minimum inputs and poor yield dominate the agricultural sector. The incidence of poverty is highest among households in which the head is engaged in agriculture as the main source of income. Agricultural growth is therefore important to the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger in Nigeria. Conscious policy efforts by government towards poverty alleviation began during the SAP era. Some companies like Shell and certain State Governments have shown real interest in alleviating poverty through their agricultural programmes and policy statements. Nigeria’s current vision for agricultural...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54382

RISK AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN HUNGARIAN SHEEP PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nabradi,   Andras; Madai,   Hajnalka.
The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the risk attitudes of Hungarian sheep producers regarding the changes they have had to go through since the political changes of 1989–1990. Moreover, the objective of this study is to strengthen the empirical basis for risk analysis by identifying the importance of farmers’ risk attitudes. The results of a nationwide survey of over 500 sheep farmers presented a framework of risk attitudes, risk sources and applied risk management techniques of livestock producers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Risk sources; Risk management; Sheep farming; EU accession; Field survey; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43580

Livelihood Strategies of Resource-Poor Farmers in Striga-Infested Areas of Western Kenya.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Manyong,   Victor M.; Alene,   Arega D.; Odhiambo,   George D.; Mignouna,   H.D.; Bokanga,   M.; Omanya,   G.; Nindi,   S.J.
Striga hermonthica (del) Benth is threatening rural livelihoods in western Kenya where maize is the major food and cash crop. Vulnerability analysis was conducted on a sample of 802 households in eight districts of Nyanza and Western provinces. Farmers perceived Striga as the major cause of poverty and food insecurity. Both household income and child nutrition indicators showed alarming conditions for the majority of households. The coping strategies and informal safety nets were not capable of addressing the vulnerability issue successfully. A logistic regression model of determinants of poverty was estimated to examine the determinants and correlates of poverty. Results revealed certain characteristics of households that were more likely to be poor: poor...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livelihoods; Maize; Kenya; Striga; Logit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52195

ENDING HUNGER BY 2050: CRUCIAL INVESTMENTS AND POLICIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Runge,   C. Ford; Senauer,   Benjamin; Pardey,   Philip G.; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15897

Changing consumption patterns: implications on food and water demand in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Shah,   Tushaar; Singh,   Om Prakash.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food consumption; Cereals; Water demand; Water use; Irrigated farming; Crop production; Grain Livestock; India; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44517

An assessment of the casual relationship between poverty and HIV/AIDS in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Denis,   Akankunda Bwesigye.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Health systems; Uganda; EPRC; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113625

Inqérito ao Sector Familiar da Província de Nampula: Obseravações Metodológicas
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development: Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55917

Perspectives d’évolution des marches céréaliers pour la campagne de commercialisation 2005/06
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diarra,   Salifou Bakary; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
The 2005 – 2006 marketing campaign was difficult because of the drought that occurred in all countries in the region. As a result, the price of sorghum, millet, maize and rice soared. State actions to improve cereals supply through tax-exempt rice imports did not achieve the expected outcomes. Rice has been the main contributing factor to the rise of cereals price. The low levels of stocks of rice in the world and the supply in fertilizers below expectations along with a decrease in productivity have contributed to the rise of rice prices at the national level.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cereal markets; Food security; Mali; West Africa; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Q11; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57142

Are Consumers in Developing Countries Willing-to-Pay More for Micronutrient-Dense Biofortified Foods? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   Shyamal K.; Meenakshi,   J.V.; Tomlins,   Keith; Owori,   Constance.
Vitamin A deficiency is a major health problem in Africa and in many other developing countries. Biofortified staple crops that are high in pro vitamins A and adapted to local growing environment have the potential to reduce the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency. One such example is the orange-fleshed sweetpotato. However because of its distinctive orange color, which is in contrast to the white varieties that are typically consumed in Africa, it is important to assess whether consumers will accept it.  It is this question that this paper attempts to address, using a choice experiment with the real product to quantify the magnitude of the premium or discount  in consumers’ willingness to pay that may be associated with it.  In addition, it also considers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cheap talk; Field experiments; Hypothetical bias; Conjoint analysis; Universal logit; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; C35; C93; D 83; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49945

Long Term Challenges and Opportunities: Future Competitiveness and Prosperity of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
This report was prepared by the Federal/Provincial/Territorial (FPT) Working Group (WG) on Economic Analysis at the request of FPT Assistant Deputy Ministers (ADMs) in an effort to study the challenges and opportunities that are arising from the trends and factors affecting the sector's long term prosperity and competitiveness.  The report is a compilation of data and information that presents a snapshot of the agriculture and agri-food sector and the challenges and opportunities facing the sector.  This report is the first installment of progress reports the WG will submit to ADMs in the process of completing its final report to FPT meetings, and so is a work in progress that will expand as further information is analyzed.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economic analysis; Primary agriculture; Competitiveness; Farm income; Performance of farms; Profitability; Productivity growth; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52708

Agricultural science and technology policy for growth and poverty reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omamo,   Steven Were; Naseem,   Anwar.
This paper argues that the largely unrealized potential of agricultural science and technology (S&amp;T) in promoting growth and poverty reduction in developing countries results from deeply rooted incompatibility among policy environments, institutional arrangements, and micro conditions and behavior in agricultural research and development (R&amp;D). Achieving growth and poverty reduction based on greater agricultural productivity therefore means achieving greater compatibility among these three dimensions of agricultural innovation systems. Research is sorely needed to build understanding of (1) the “big picture” influencing agricultural S&amp;T policy design and implementation in developing countries, (2) strategies for sustainable funding and delivery...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Science; Technology; Policy; Institutions; Poverty reduction; Agricultural technology; Agricultural science; Policy research; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59694

Política de Preços e Distribuição da Ajuda Alimentar de Milho Amarelo em Moçambique: Uma Análise de Alternativas
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Yellow maize; Food aid; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56014

MEXICO - PROGRESA: ROMPIENDO EL CICLO DE LA POBREZA
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16022

The Impact of Biofuel Production on Food Security: A Briefing Paper with a Particular Emphasis on Maize-to-Ethanol Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Makenete,   Andrew L.; Lemmer,   Wessel J.; Kupka,   Julia.
A multi-feedstock approach is crucial for sustainable biofuel production in South Africa. In respect of ethanol production, biofuel producers should be allowed to draw on a range of starch-based crops including maize. A multi-feedstock approach will enable producers to select crops best suited to the agro-climate of the regions where their plants are situated and to minimize logistic costs by sourcing crops grown closest to their plants. In recent months, plans to use maize to produce ethanol have raised concerns that this could jeopardize food security in South Africa.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biofuel production; Food security; Maize; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q27.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53646

Food Security and Wheat Prices in Afghanistan: A Distribution-sensitive Analysis of Household-level Impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/29/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Afghanistan; Food prices; Wheat; Food security; Nutrition; Poverty; Quantile regression; Influence functions; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; D12; I3.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103443

Social cash transfers for the poorest in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sennoga,   Edward B.; Matovu,   John Mary; Twimukye,   Evarist P.
This paper mainly focuses on the various ways through which a social cash transfer program can be designed and financed. We identify four types of households which are considered to be vulnerable to be targeted with cash transfers. This includes households with orphans, old individuals, young and labor constrained. Extending a cash transfer to these households would lead to less poverty over the simulation period. these programs which would be constrained to less than 0.5 percent of GDP would have a small impact on the overall economy. By increasing taxes to finance the program this would wipe out the potential benefits of the cash transfer program of reducing poverty.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Cash transfers; Vulnerable groups; Sennoga; Twimukye; Matovu; EPRC; Poor people; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54935

Global Safety Net: The New Challenges Facing Food Aid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jury,   Allan.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50595

THE GUATEMALA COMMUNITY DAYCARE PROGRAMME: EFFECTIVE FOOD AID TARGETING IN URBAN AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16490

WIC Not Linked to Overweight in Children
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122567

DESIGNING AND EVALUATING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS: THEORY, EVIDENCE AND POLICY CONCLUSIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.
This paper reviews the literature on the performance of commonly found social safety net programs in developing countries. The evidence suggests that universal food subsidies have very limited potential for redistributing income. While targeted food subsidies have greater potential, this can only be realized when adequate attention is given to the design and implementation, as well as to the social and political factors influencing the adoption, of these programs. Although well-designed public works programs have impressive targeting performance, they have large non-wage costs; thus, to be cost-effective, they need to produce outputs that are especially beneficial to poor households. Social funds, which emphasize both community involvement and asset...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16435

Income Volatility Is Rising, With Mixed Effects on Nutrition Assistance Participation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Newman,   Constance; Jolliffe,   Dean.
With growing income volatility, targeting benefits and defining eligibility periods have become more difficult.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122560

Linking Mara Fruits and Vegetable Growers to Serengeti National Park Tourist Hotels Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babu,   Adventina; van de Meerendonk,   Han; Maganga,   C.
Tourism in Tanzania has been on the rise since late 1990s when the markets were fully liberalized. This has created a high demand for horticultural produces from tourist hotels located in Serengeti national park in the northwest of Tanzania. Analysis was carried out to determine supply and demand for horticultural produces in Mara region. The annual requirements for horticulture produces in three Serengeti tourist hotels were about 614 tons. These hotels obtain most of the fruits and vegetables from Arusha, Kenya and South Africa which are very far from the park. Due to long distances and poor roads the hotels obtain high priced, low quality and small quantities of produces. The production of horticulture in Mara region is about 620 tons which is more than...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52145

GOVERNANCE AND FOOD SECURITY IN AN AGE OF GLOBALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Robert L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16347

FOOD-FOR-WORK FOR POVERTY REDUCTION AND THE PROMOTION OF SUSTAINABLE LAND USE: CAN IT WORK?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holden,   Stein T.; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Hagos,   Fitsum.
Food-for-work (FFW) programs are commonly used both for short-term relief and long-term development purposes.  In the latter capacity, they are increasingly used for natural resources management projects. Barrett, Holden and Clay (forthcoming) assess the suitability of FFW programs as insurance to cushion the poor against short-term, adverse shocks that could, in the absence of a safety net, have permanent repercussions. In this paper we explore the complementary question of FFW programs' potential to reduce poverty and promote sustainable land use in the longer run through induced changes in investment patterns.   FFW programs commonly aim to produce or maintain potentially valuable public goods necessary to stimulate productivity and thus income growth....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Q18; O1; Q2; I1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14759

The Relational Ship between Rice Market Liberalization and Food Security in Iran
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mousavi,   S.N.
In an effort to alleviate rice shortages, the Iranian government is attempting to encourage the private sector to become more involved in the rice market and trade of Iran. To this end, the multi rate foreign exchange system, which was adopted for several years mainly to support consumers, is being substituted by a single rate, with which the consumer price of rice is expected to decline, and the producer price to increase towards the world price. In this study, the links between change in rice price on the one hand, and poverty and food insecurity (measured by calorie intake) on the other, are calculated by applying Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (1984) measures to data from a sample of 540 Iranian households. Because of the increase in the real income of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rice market; Liberalization; Food insecurity; Poverty; Iran; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25464

The Impact of Drought on Household Food Security in the Limpopo Basin of Semi Arid Southern Africa: The Case of Kgatleng District in Botswana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acquah,   Benjamin K.
The Limpopo Basin is important to Botswana’s agriculture in terms of its land area of 80118 square kilometers. Climatic conditions in the Basin have ranged from droughts to floods in some years. The semi-arid nature of the Basin with the resultant low crop yields under rain-fed conditions has meant that communities in the area have adapted various strategies with regard to their access to food. These coping strategies are likely to undergo severe strains during periods of extreme weather patterns such as droughts. A household survey was conducted in two villages of Kgatleng District within the Basin in February 2005 with the objective of studying the coping strategies of selected households during drought in order to improve on coping mechanisms of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52158

Confirmatory Bias under Food-Borne Risk: A Lab Experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cao,   Ying; Just,   David R.; Wansink,   Brian.
An experiment was conducted to investigate the interaction between consumers’ past eating behaviors, risk perceptions and future information processing procedure. In the study, participants were required to choose whether or not to eat chicken that was potentially be tainted with Avian Influenza (AI). Results showed that people decreased the consumption when facing ambiguous signals regarding the food quality, but would not cease to eat altogether. Due to a taste of consistency, participants updated their risk perceptions and judgments based on their eating behaviors. The more chicken individuals ate the more favorably they tended to rate the food, suggesting confirmatory bias. Even though consumers with previous experience could pick up signals faster,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cognitive Dissonance; Confirmation Bias; Self-compliance; Justification; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty; D03; D12; D83; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61312

Covariate Shocks and Rural Poverty in Burkina Faso
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sakurai,   Takeshi; Savadogo,   Kimseyinga.
The civil war in Côte d’Ivoire has caused an increase in household size due to returnees and a decrease in remittance received in rural Burkina Faso.  This paper, taking advantage of a rare dataset covering the covariate shocks caused by the Ivorian Crisis, examines empirically the impact of such shocks on households’ welfare in rural Burkina Faso.      It is found that the number of working-age returnees increases household cropped area: one working-age returnees increase 0.64 ha of cropped area and that the decrease of remittance from Côte d’Ivoire increases non-agricultural income: 1 FCFA reduction of remittance increases 0.78 FCFA of non-agricultural income.  In spite of those coping behaviors, this paper demonstrates that the households do not fully...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Covariate shocks; Poverty; Remittance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51722

Proxy Means Tests for Targeting the Poorest Households -- Applications to Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houssou,   Nazaire; Zeller,   Manfred; Alcaraz V.,   Gabriela; Schwarze,   Stefan; Johannsen,   Julia.
The motivation for this research stems from increasing interest showed for the issue of targeting. The paper explores the use of proxy means tests to identify the poorest households in Uganda. The set of indicators used in our model includes variables usually available in Living Standard Measurement Surveys (LSMS). Previous researches seeking to develop proxy means tests for poverty most often use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) as regression method. In addition to the OLS, the paper explores the use of Linear Probability Model, Probit, and Quantile regressions for correctly predicting the household poverty status. A further innovation of this research compared to the existing literature is the use of out-of sample validation tests to assess the predictive...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Poverty assessment; Targeting; Proxy means test; Out-of-sample test; Bootstrap; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7946

WHY DOES POVERTY PERSIST IN RURAL ETHIOPIA?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bogale,   Ayalneh; Hagedorn,   Konrad; Korf,   Benedikt.
This paper seeks to address the question: why does poverty persist in rural Ethiopia? We argue that it is largely a lack of entitlements to fundamental livelihood assets which urges poor rural farmers into livelihood diversification to make a living. We base our findings on empirical work, which is based on information gathered from a three-round survey of 149 rural households in Ethiopia during 1999/2000 cropping season. The FGT poverty index is employed to examine the extent and severity of rural poverty and reveals that nearly 40% of the sample households live below poverty line with average poverty gap of 0.047. The binary logit estimates shed light on factors behind the persistence of poverty and indicates that rural poverty is strongly linked to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural poverty; Livelihoods; Diversification; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25857

Modernizing Africa’s Fresh Produce Supply Chains without Rapid Supermarket Takeover: Towards a Definition of Research and Investment Priorities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Ayieko,   Miltone W.; Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Goeb,   Joey; Loescher,   Wayne.
After a burst of enthusiasm through the middle part of this decade regarding the supermarket revolution, there now exists a broad consensus that this phenomenon is likely to proceed much more slowly than once thought in Sub-Saharan Africa. This is especially true in fresh produce supply chains, where both the promise and the perils of supermarket expansion have received greatest attention. In nearly the entire continent, the so-called traditional marketing sector – open air markets, dispersed informal vendors, and traditional shops – is expected to play a dominant role in fresh produce marketing for several decades. If true, this finding has profound policy implications. Specifically, it suggests that private investment in modern, integrated supply chains...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Africa; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93030

On the resurgent population and food debate
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   D. Gale.
Since Malthus wrote his famous Essay on Population, the world has witnessed great improvements in numerous measures of well-being Ð life expectancy, infant mortality, incidence of famines and plagues, per capita food consumption as well as real per capita incomes. These improvements have come about during rapid population growth in both industrial and developing countries. Food demand and supply projections suggest that growth of supply will fully meet growth of consumption while grain prices continue to decline. While China may increase grain imports early next century, Central and Eastern Europe is likely to emerge as a major grain exporter and thus help to meet the increase in China's imports.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118005

What Can the Poor Expect From Trade Liberalization? Opening the "Black Box" of Trade Modeling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bouet,   Antoine.
Trade liberalization is expected to act positively on development and poverty alleviation, both of which have become a high priority of international community. This explains why numerous studies have focused on assessing the expected benefits of trade liberalization on poverty. The main empirical tool for these assessments has been the use of multi-country Computable General Equilibrium Models (CGEM). These models, however, have produced divergent results. As demonstrated by recent studies, the associated increase in world welfare from full trade liberalization ranges from 0.2% to 3.1% — results that differ by a factor of 15 to 1! The impact on poverty headcount is also very divergent as the number of people lifted out from poverty ranges from 72 million...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade modeling; Poverty alleviation; General equilibrium model; Assessment; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58575

Regulatory Framework and Private Innovation: The Case of Animal Welfare Friendly Beef Supply Chain in Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arfini,   Filippo; Mancini,   Maria Cecilia.
The paper examines innovation in the agrifood sector through an analysis of relationships between public institutions and the private sector. The first part is theoretical and analyses the roles played by public and private actors in innovation. The second part is a case study of the beef supply chain of COOP, the biggest retailer on the Italian market. It exemplifies product innovation driven by a regulatory framework and shows how organisation and structural renewal required by animal welfare legislation can lead to voluntary initiatives and additional innovation along the supply chain. The case study also features the role of institutions in communications and shows how market awareness drives improvement in organisation of production chains.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Animal welfare; Private innovation; Regulatory framework; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97231

Garment Industry and Economic Empowerment: A case study of Swaziland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Panin,   Anthony; Mthombo,   Thabile T.
This paper examines the extent to which garment industry in Swaziland has contributed to the economic empowerment of the Swazi people through creation of new jobs and improvement in their overall welfare. In Swaziland as elsewhere in many African countries, unemployment has been and is still a major constraint to the country’s sluggish economic growth. In response to the unemployment situation in the country, Swaziland Investment Promotion Authority (SIPA) was established in 1977 under the Ministry of Enterprise and Employment with the main aim of attracting, encouraging, promoting, and facilitating both local Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) in the country. Among the efforts to entice foreign investors into the country was the construction of several...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic Empowerment; Garment; Investors; Swaziland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52106

Staple Food Consumption Patterns in Urban Zambia: Results from the 2007/2008 Urban Consumption Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
After two decades of de-urbanization, Zambia is again becoming increasingly urban. While the urban share of the population fell to 35% in 2000 due primarily to the decline of the copper industry, over half of Zambia’s people will be residing in urban areas by 2040. Given this urbanization trajectory, to be effective, policies to promote smallholder agriculture and improved urban food marketing system performance in Zambia will need to take into consideration the demand patterns of urban food consumers. Urban consumption patterns will increasingly determine the opportunities available to small-scale farmers. Accurate information on urban consumer preferences can also help identify key leverage points and investment priorities to improve the performance of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Food security; Africa; Zambia; Consumption urban; Staple foods; Survey; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56803

Household Income and Assets in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005: Can Pro-Poor Growth Be Sustained?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Cunguara,   Benedito; Boughton,   Duncan.
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Mozambique; Income; Growth; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56072

Does Natural Resource Extraction Mitigate Poverty and Inequality? Evidence from Rural Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez-Feldman,   Alejandro; Mora,   Jorge; Taylor,   J. Edward.
The potential importance of natural resources in poor rural household livelihoods has long been recognized but seldom quantified and analyzed.  In this paper we examine distributional and poverty effects of natural resource extraction.  To do so we use new data from a national rural household survey and a community survey implemented in Lacandona Rainforest of México. By using Gini and poverty decomposition techniques, as well as bootstrapping methods, we analyze how poverty and inequality change if income from natural resources is not considered when calculating total household income.  The marginal impact that a change in price (or in availability) of resources has on inequality is also described.  Finally, with information from Frontera Corozal, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25765

IRRIGATION, AGRICULTURAL PERFORMANCE AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Qiuqiong; Rozelle,   Scott; Huang,   Jikun; Wang,   Jinxia.
The overall goal of our paper is to understand the impact that irrigation investments in China have had on incomes, in general, and income and poverty alleviation in poor areas, in particular.  The paper seeks to meet three objectives.  First, we describe the relationship among irrigation status, crop choice, yields and household crop revenue.  Second, we seek to understand the magnitude and nature of the effect that irrigation has on yields and crop revenue.  Finally, we seek to understand the impact that irrigation has on incomes in poor areas.  Our analysis shows that irrigation contributes to increases in yields for almost all crops and in income for farmers in all areas.  The importance of cropping income in poor areas and the strong relationship...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19605

Weather Vulnerability, Climate Change, and Food Security in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muamba,   Francis; Kraybill,   David S.
This study estimates the impact of rainfall variation on livelihood in Mt. Kilimanjaro using the Ricardian approach to capture farmers’ adaptation strategies to cope with climate change risks. The data for the analysis were gathered from a random sample of over 200 households in 15 villages and precipitation from rainfall observation posts placed in each of the surveyed villages. The precipitation data provide information on the effect of moisture at critical months in the growing season. Due to prevalence of intercropping among local farmers, the present study develops a multivariate model that assumes endogeneity between crop yields.  Doing so allows the study to capture adaptation strategies that smallholders use by diversifying farm portfolio. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Precipitation Variability; Food Security; Irrigation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q1; Q5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61655

Can the FISP More Effectively Achieve Food Production and Poverty Reduction Goals?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.
Despite being framed as a key component of the nation’s poverty reduction strategy, evidence suggests that inputs distributed under Zambia’s Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP) tend to be targeted to the least poor rural households.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Policy; Poverty; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123208

Long-term Effects of the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard on World Hunger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bryant,   Henry L.; Lu,   Jiamin; Richardson,   James W.; Outlaw,   Joe L.
We employ a multi-region computable general equilibrium model of the world economy to estimate changes in worldwide food insecurity that result from the imposition of the U.S. Renewable Fuels Standard.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Ethanol; CGE; Renewable Fuel Standard; Hunger; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q180; Q420.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61262

FOOD DISTRIBUTION IN LOW INCOME AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marion,   Donald R.
Sunday evening, the first night of the conference, a group of 12-15 conference participants, all with interests in the unique problems of operating food stores in low-income areas, met to discuss their observations, experiences, and points of view.  The following is a brief summary of that discussion.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 1969
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26698

Food Security Is Improving in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andrews,   Margaret S.; Nord,   Mark.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33641

End Materials
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes:  JAAE Manuscript Submission Guidelines; Back Cover; Southern Agricultural Economics Association Executive Committee; Membership and Subscription Information
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104613

Effects Of EU’s Common Agricultural Policy Reforms On Prospects For Eastern And Southern Africa’s Trade With The EU Under The Economic Partnership Agreements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Echessah,   Protase N.
Due to the size of the European Union’s agricultural production and its market, the impact of the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reaches far beyond Europe and has major implications for trade in agricultural goods all over the world including the ESA region. Since the 1950s, the CAP has undergone several reforms which have not only changed EU’s agricultural support system drastically but has also impacted global agricultural markets. For developing countries including the ESA ones, these reforms have serious implications since they are particularly locked into the EU’s complicated system of protectionist regulations and subsidies on the one hand and preferential market access on the other hand. The high degree of dependency and vulnerability of ESA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52190

HOW RELIABLE ARE GROUP INFORMANT RATINGS? A TEST OF FOOD SECURITY RATING IN HONDURAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bergeron,   Gilles; Morris,   Saul Sutkover; Banegas,   Juan Manuel Medina.
The reliability of food security rating, a variant of the more familiar wealth ranking procedure, was tested in a rural area of Western Honduras. Twenty workshop sessions were conducted in 13 different communities, with members of organized small farmers' groups attended by a large agricultural development project. Participants were all poor farmers with no more than 10 hectares of land. Participants, who generally knew each other well, were split into small sets and each set was asked to rate the food security status of all households in their organized group. Inter-rater agreement was assessed using the Kappa statistic, and related to other characteristics of the informants and workshop sessions, using multiple regression methods. Agreement was very poor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94870

Potential Effects of Transgenic Rice on Farm Households' Nutritional Status in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liang,   Yan; Reaves,   Dixie Watts; Norton,   George W.
The spread of agricultural biotechnology in developing countries has grown rapidly in recent years. Several transgenic products are under development with potential to address a variety of adverse production conditions. These products have raised hope that yield and quality improvements in rice will accelerate and help in the battle against under-nutrition, especially in areas of prevalent under-nutrition in Asia.  A farm household model is developed and estimated to project ex ante effects of introducing transgenic rice on farm households¡¯ nutritional status in Bangladesh. Assuming the yield effects of transgenic rice are similar to that of previous high yield varieties, the model estimates the profit effect of introducing transgenic rice. The profit...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21445

Conference on Agricultural Sustainability, Growth, and Poverty Alleviation in East and Southeast Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Witcover,   Julie; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
This first in a series of regional conferences on this subject brought together more than fifty agricultural scientists and policymakers from China, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and from international agricultural research centers and the Asian Development Bank to discuss how best to promote "sustainable agricultural intensification"—natural resource management that safeguards productivity of the natural resource base while meeting economic growth and poverty alleviation objectives. The regional conference series began in East and Southeast Asia partly because of the area's already broad experience with intensified farming systems on high potential lands alongside shifting cultivation, or upland or hillside cultivation, on more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42805

FIRMS’ RESPONSES TO NUTRITIONAL POLICIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duvaleix-Treguer,   Sabine; Hammoudi,   Hakim; Rouached,   Lamia; Soler,   Louis-Georges.
The aim of this paper is to examine the effects of nutritional policies on the behavior of firms, particularly in terms of food quality and prices, and to assess the potential impacts of such policies from a public health point of view. We determine how new products that are nutritionally improved can emerge in a market where incumbent firms offer competing unhealthy products. We also highlight a non-intentional effect of such policies: if consumer heterogeneity is high, then an information policy may simultaneously provide health benefits to the population as a whole but worsen the health of consumers that are less aware of nutritional effects. For a given level of nutritional tax, we determine the optimal threshold that firms must meet to avoid taxation....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition policy; Product differentiation; Firms’ strategies; Taxation; Quality standards; Public health; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; L15; I18; H23.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116399

COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS FOR POVERTY MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datt,   Gaurav.
This paper introduces some relatively simple computational tools for estimating poverty measures from the sort of data that are typically available from published sources. All that is required for using these tools is an elementary regression package. The methodology also easily lends itself to a number of poverty simulations that are discussed. The paper addresses the central question: How do we construct poverty measures from grouped data? Two broad approaches are examined: simple interpolation methods and methods based on parameterized Lorenz curves. The second method is examined in detail.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94862

Staple food prices in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Govereh,   Jones; Haggblade,   Steven; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Prepared for the COMESA policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58556

Mozambique's Food Security Success Story
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: SIMA,   Technical Team.
Resultados das investigações do Projecto de Segurança Alimentar em Moçambique MAP-Direcção de Economía-Dpto. Estatística
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55195

Heat or Eat?: An empirical analysis of U.K. cold weather income support
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beatty,   Timothy K.M.; Blow,   Laura; Crossley,   Thomas.
Paper removed by author 10/14/10.  An updated version will be posted soon.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Deprivation; Food Expenditure; Heat or Eat; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; D12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51903

Food security based on the spatial temporal feature of grain production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: He,   Yan-fen; Ma,   Chao-qun; Yang,   Hai-juan.
We use the mean value and variation coefficient model to analyze the spatial-temporal feature of grain production in 31 provinces from the year 1980 to 2006.  Time series of grain production is divided into 3 stages according to the average yield and the variation coefficient of grain production in provincial level, which are the lower yield and higher variation stage, the higher yield and lower variation stage and the higher yield and higher variation stage.  We classify the grain production of each province into four types according to the grain production level and the annual variation characteristics: the lower yield and higher variation type, the lower yield and lower variation type, the higher yield and lower variation type and the higher yield and...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Grain production; Spatial-temporal feature; Instability; Food security; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53435

HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY IN THE UNITED STATES, 2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Andrews,   Margaret S.; Carlson,   Steven.
Eighty-nine percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year 2002, meaning that they had access, at all times, to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households were food insecure at least some time during that year. The prevalence of food insecurity rose from 10.7 percent in 2001 to 11.1 percent in 2002, and the prevalence of food insecurity with hunger rose from 3.3 percent to 3.5 percent. This report, based on data from the December 2002 food security survey, provides the most recent statistics on the food security of U.S. households, as well as on how much they spent for food and the extent to which food-insecure households participated in Federal and community food assistance...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food insecurity; Hunger; Food spending; Food pantry; Soup kitchen; Emergency kitchen; Material well-being; Food Stamp Program; National School Lunch Program; WIC; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33857

DO HEALTHY SCHOOL MEALS COST MORE?  FOOD ASSISTANCE RESEARCH BRIEF
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guthrie,   Joanne F.
USDA school meal programs represent a significant Federal investment, at a cost of almost $8 billion in 2001. More than 27 million children are served school meals annually, making USDA school meals programs a logical place to look for action to improve children's diets. It has been argued that improving the nutritional quality of school meals will raise costs, and therefore increasing USDA school meal reimbursement levels is necessary for that improvement to occur. However, the relationship of school meal costs to success in achieving program outcomes-that is, serving healthful appealing meals that are well-consumed by children-has never been thoroughly investigated. Previous USDA studies of the school meal programs such as the National Evaluation of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33827

Disrupting Demand for Commercial Seed: Input Subsidies in Malawi and Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Ricker-Gilbert,   Jacob.
Input subsidy programs that provide inorganic fertilizer and improved maize seed to small farmers below market rates are currently receiving a great deal of support as a sustainable strategy to foster an African Green Revolution. In recent years numerous countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Senegal, Tanzania, and Zambia have implemented such programs at substantial cost to government and donor budgets. For example, in 2008 Malawi spent roughly 70% of the Ministry of Agriculture’s budget or just over 16% of the government’s total budget subsidizing fertilizer and seed. In Zambia between 2004 and 2011, an average of 40% of the government’s agricultural sector budget was devoted to fertilizer and maize seed subsidies...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Zambia; Seed; Input subsidies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123554

The Evaluation of the Impacts of Title II Monetization Programs for Wheat and Crude Edible Oils in Mozambique, 1997-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Zavale,   Helder; Tschirley,   David L.
From 1997-2007, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Title II monetization programs sold more than US$200 million of food aid wheat and unrefined vegetable oils in Mozambique. This research has three objectives: 1) to document the lessons learned from past monetization programs in Mozambique; 2) to identify the intended and unintended effects of monetization in Mozambique; and 3) to document indirect successes as a result of using monetization in Mozambique, if any. Monetization programs in Mozambique prior to 1997 demonstrated positive effects on market development and contributed to food security in a critical period. During later periods, the monetized food aid displayed the negative effects of uncoordinated food aid deliveries...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Mozambique; Monetization; Title II; Wheat; Edible oils; Emergency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q19.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56800

Investing in early childhood nutrition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruel,   Marie T.; Hoddinott,   John.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48929

Global Food Prices: Implications for Food Security in Malaysia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohamed Arshad,   Fatimah; Hameed,   Amna Awad Abdel.
This paper examines the factors that led to the recent price hikes in food commodities and the implications to food security in Malaysia. Unlike the previous price crises, the price upsurge in 2008 resulted from the convergence of fundamental and technical factors and the increase of energy prices. The high price of crude oil has increased the demand for biofuel such as biodiesel, which utilises palm oil as the main feedstock. If this development continues, it may affect Malaysia’s capacity to produce more food as arable land will be dedicated to oil palm plantations. Hence, the landscape for food security concern has changed as energy and food demand are competing for the same pool of resources, in particular land and water. Further, low investments in...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food security; Malaysia; Food crisis.; Food Security and Poverty; Q18 Agricultural Policy; Food Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119073

Cassava Commercialization in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Haggblade,   Steven; Salegua,   Venancio Alexandre; Cuambe,   Constantino; Mudema,   Joao; Tomo,   Alda.
Cassava supplies roughly 30% of all calories consumed in Mozambique, making it the country’s most important food security crop. Over the past several decades, growing urbanization and shifting demand patterns have led to growing opportunities for cassava processing and commercialization. This paper examines the commercial dynamics in Mozambique’s cassava value chain as well as the food security implications of growing cassava commercialization.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Cassava; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120744

FOOD SECURITY AND TRADE NEGOTIATIONS IN THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF COUNTRY GROUPS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diaz-Bonilla,   Eugenio; Thomas,   Marcelle; Robinson,   Sherman; Cattaneo,   Andrea.
An important issue in WTO trade negotiations is whether further liberalization of trade and agricultural policies may help or hinder food security in WTO member countries, especially the developing countries. The WTO recognizes various classifications of countries: developed, developing, least developed (LDC) and net food importing developing (NFIDC). How well do these categories capture issues of food security? This paper employs various methods of cluster analysis (including an approach based on fuzzy sets) and data for 167 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to five measures of food security: food production per capita, the ratio of total exports to food imports, calories per capita, protein per capita, and the share of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; WTO; Cluster analysis; Fuzzy classification; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16261

The Distributional Effects of Horticultural Export Value Chains among Smallholders In Southern Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Afari-Sefa,   Victor.
Increasing foreign exchange problems and deteriorating prices of traditional export commodities have led policy makers and donor agencies to seek diversification in export crop production. In Ghana, crops such as pineapples and mangoes appear promising because of their high labour intensity and the expanding demand for fruits in Europe. Notwithstanding, there is a possible trade-off between export and food crop production because of the possibility of resource re-allocation. So far the major concern of government has been the macro-economic growth in terms export earnings while the distributional effects and impacts on household food security remain under-investigated. The study focused on a household survey undertaken in the forest and coastal-savannah...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52124

Mapping Food Deserts in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ver Ploeg,   Michele; Nulph,   David; Williams,   Ryan Blake.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120966

A global perspective on water scarcity and poverty: achievements and challenges for water resource management
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barker,   Randolph; van Koppen,   Barbara; Shah,   Tushaar.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Water scarcity; Poverty; Water resources development; Groundwater management; Food security; Irrigated farming; Agricultural production; Tube well irrigation; Sustainability; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118302

Croatia's EU accession: socio-economic assessment of farm households and policy recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mollers,   Judith; Zier,   Patrick; Frohberg,   Klaus; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Bojnec,   Stefan.
Croatia is very close to meeting the requirements necessary for becoming a member of the European Union (EU). On February 6, 2008, the European Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn said that accession negotiations with Croatia are moving ahead well. As in all new member states (NMS), the agricultural sector and food processing chain are core issues within the negotiation process. Successful negotiation requires intimate knowledge of the issue at hand, including the socio-economic situation and the fears and strategies of the stakeholders, particularly small-scale farmers. This report attempts to close some of these knowledge gaps by reviewing Croatia’s rural development dynamics and farm structures, as well as agricultural and rural policies. Based on an...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Croatia; Rural development; EU accession; Slovenia; Farm households; Competitiveness; Agricultural policy; CAP; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; O13; O12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53665

Pathways Into and Out of Poverty and the Role of Livestock in the Peruvian Andes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kristjanson,   Patricia; Krishna,   Anirudh; Radeny,   Maren; Kuan,   Judith.
In many rural areas, livestock are a critical asset for poor households, acting as a bank account, insurance policy and a source of income. Research methods leading to a better understanding of the role of livestock in household poverty dynamics are scarce, however, and are needed for better formulation of targeted pro-poor policies and interventions in regions where livestock are a key element of rural livelihood strategies. We utilized multiple methods, including Stages of Progress and household surveys, giving us a combination of qualitative and quantitative results. We examined how, over the last 10 and 25 years, households have moved into and out of poverty in 40 rural communities in two different highland regions of Peru, and explored in-depth the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Participatory research; Poverty; Stages of Progress; Livestock; Livelihoods; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25451

Agricultural trade for food security in Africa: A Ricardian model approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diagne,   Mandiaye; Abele,   Steffen; Diagne,   Aliou; Seck,   Papa Abdoulaye.
Regionalism and food security is a relatively neglected topic with very limited literature. We use a Ricardian trade model with multiple goods and countries which embeds a structure of gravity equation and yield variability. Our study shows that integration with African markets of staple foods is associated with higher growth, underpinning the need for growth strategies to emphasize scaling up and diversifying exports within Africa. Africa needs to unlock its high potential untapped land and fill up the yield gap.  We found as well that enhanced competitiveness and reduced barriers to trade are the two critical areas of action.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ricardian model; Yield variability; Agricultural trade; Staple foods; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123842

Water, Food and Environment: A Development Dilemma
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rijsberman,   Frank; Molden,   David J.
As much as seventy times more water is needed to grow food than for domestic use. Severely waterscarce countries such as Egypt do not have enough water to grow their own food and need to import food from elsewhere. Countries like the USA, Australia, China, India, Mexico and Turkey have made massive investments to build dams and develop irrigation systems. As a direct consequence, the famines predicted for India have not occurred and world food prices are lower than ever. But rivers are drying up, groundwater levels are falling dramatically, and water pollution is rampant near most Asian cities. All water that falls as rain serves a purpose in nature. If farmers don’t have an incentive to conserve water, over-use is the likely consequence and nature pays...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124461

The Impact of Food Stamp Program Participation on Household Food Insecurity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mykerezi,   Elton; Mills,   Bradford F.
This draft has been removed at the request of the author.  Published as:     Elton Mykerezi and Bradford Mills, The Impact of Food Stamp Program Participation on Household Food Insecurity,  Am. J. Agr. Econ. (2010) 92(5): 1379-1391
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6552

EARLY EDUCATION - KEY TO POVERTY PREVENTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hawkes,   Glenn R.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17540

Food Aid as Surplus Disposal? The WTO, Export Competition Disciplines and the Disposition of Food Aid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardwell,   Ryan T.; Fridfinnson,   Brooke; Rude,   James.
The empirical investigation suggests that there exists an endogenous relationship between subsidy/credit shipments and food aid for wheat in the US. The empirical VAR demonstrates a contemporaneous increase in food aid shipments as alternative vents constrict. This result suggests that a trade agreement that disciplines export subsidies and credits may put upward pressure on food aid shipments as agricultural exporters vent the pressure of their domestic surpluses. The empirical results suggest that in the US wheat market the effects are not large. The same phenomenon has been noted in the case of skim milk powder by Margulis; skim milk powder would provide another interesting empirical case, were the data available.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7310

World Fish Supplies, Outlook and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williams,   Meryl J.
More people in the world to feed, rising wealth and a new focus on healthy foods are generating a rising tide of demand for fish. This rise in demand is happening just when the main sources of fish and other aquatic life are struggling to keep pace, and prices of many aquatic commodities are increasing. Fish is caught from natural or wild fisheries stocks, from enhanced and restored fisheries stocks and is cultured on farms. All sources of supply present economic opportunities but each faces major problems. Most natural fish stocks are heavily depleted already, and continue to be over-exploited because fisheries management is inadequate to counter the drive to exploit. Aquaculture has made great progress in some countries, largely driven by markets and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124062

Transitions Out of Poverty: Drivers of Real Income Growth for the Poor in Rural Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Malik,   Sohail J.
In spite of rapid overall economic growth in the 1990s, rural poverty in Pakistan did not decline. Panel data covering rural households in four districts in Pakistan suggest that real incomes of many households declined between the early 1990s and 2002, in spite of modest gains in agricultural output at the provincial and national levels. Net crop income increased by 38 percent for the total sample and by 81 percent growth for poor farmers, whose total incomes rose by 23 percent. Nevertheless, rural non-agricultural incomes fell by 30 percent overall and by 16 percent for poor households, indicating that the income and employment multipliers of agricultural growth were insufficient to lead to substantial gains in rural non-farm incomes. A decline in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural Development; Poverty; South Asia; Food Security and Poverty; I3; O18; O2.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25387

A Profile of Gauteng: Demographics, Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pauw,   Kalie.
This paper forms part of a series of papers that present profiles of South Africa's provinces, with a specific focus on key demographic statistics, poverty and inequality estimates, and estimates of unemployment. In this volume comparative statistics are presented for agricultural and non-agricultural households, as well as households from different racial groups, locations (metropolitan, urban and rural areas) and district municipalities of Gauteng. Most of the data presented are drawn from the Income and Expenditure Survey of 2000 and the Labour Force Survey of September 2000, while some comparative populations statistics are extracted from the National Census of 2001 (Statistics South Africa). The papers should be regarded as general guidelines to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15615

Review of Agribusiness Issues and Future Perspectives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Purcell,   Joseph C.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60357

WEIGHING WHAT'S PRACTICAL: PROXY MEANS TESTS FOR TARGETING FOOD SUBSIDIES IN EGYPT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Bouis,   Howarth E.
Despite achieving a significant cost reduction over the past two decades, the absolute cost of food subsidies in Egypt is still high relative to the benefits received by the poor. There is scope for better targeting food subsidies, in particular those for rationed cooking oil and sugar, both because reforms in this area are perceived to be far less politically sensitive than adjusting subsidy policies for bread and wheat flour and because higher income groups presently receive a significant percentage of the benefits. Targeting the high-subsidy green ration cards to the poor and the low-subsidy red ration cards to the nonpoor will require identification of both poor and nonpoor households. An International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) research...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16469

Asian Rice Policies and WTO Commitments on Domestic Support Under Existing and Proposed Doha Round Provisions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Min-Hsien; Blandford,   David.
We examine current rice policies in four major Asian countries (China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan), their relationship to current WTO disciplines, and to those proposed under the Doha negotiations. WTO disciplines have prompted some changes in rice policies, but disciplines of domestic support are unlikely to impose serious constraints in the future. Using the example of Taiwan, we examine how existing support policies could be changed to reduce domestic distortions and satisfy WTO commitments. Changing from existing amber box payments to those that would likely qualify for inclusion under the blue or green boxes could allow greater market orientation in Taiwan’s rice market, while satisfying food security and farm income support objectives.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Domestic support; Rice; WTO; Taiwan; Asia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103665

THE EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE SYSTEM - FINDINGS FROM THE PROVIDER SURVEY, VOLUME I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ohls,   James; Saleem-Ismail,   Fazana.
Findings of the first comprehensive government study of the Emergency Food Assistance System (EFAS) suggest that public and private food assistance may work in tandem to provide more comprehensive food assistance than either could provide by itself. Five major types of organizations (emergency kitchens, food pantries, food banks, food rescue organizations, and emergency food organizations) that operate in the EFAS were studied. About 5,300 emergency kitchens provide more than 173 million meals a year, and 32,700 food pantries distribute about 2.9 billion pounds of food a year, which translates into roughly 2,200 million meals. Despite the substantial amounts of food distributed by the system, the EFAS remains much smaller in scale than the Federal...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food pantry; Emergency kitchen; Food bank; Food rescue organization; Emergency food organization; TEFAP; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33795

POTENTIAL HEALTHCARE SAVINGS FROM PLANT STEROL ENRICHED FOODS IN CANADA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gyles,   Collin; Carlberg,   Jared G.; Jones,   Peter J.H.
Increased consumption of foods containing plant sterols has the potential to reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and thus reduce costs associated with treating that disease in a significant way. This paper reports the results of an investigation of the potential monetary benefits of allowing foods enriched with plant sterols to be marketed in Canada. The objective of this research was to estimate the annual savings that would accrue to Canada’s single-payer publicly funded health care system if plant sterols were approved for use. If foods containing plant sterols are consumed at a sufficient rate, a reduction in CHD should follow. This research employs a variation of traditional cost-of-illness analysis entailing four steps: (i)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coronary heart disease; Cost of illness analysis; Health care costs; Success rate; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; I18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116409

Food Insecurity, Food Storage, and Obesity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cash,   Sean B.; Zilberman,   David.
Although individuals with poor food security might be expected to have reduced food intake, and therefore a lower likelihood of being overweight, some empirical evidence has indicated that overweight status is actually more prevalent among the food insecure.  As obesity is associated with excessive energy intake, and hunger reflects an inadequate food supply, such observations would appear to be paradoxical. We develop an economic model that shows that this apparently paradoxical result is consistent with rational behavior regarding food availability risk and the effectiveness of food storage options. The amount of internal storage increases as the variance of food productivity in the second period increases, which is consistent with the empirical...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21083

Measuring the Impact of Public and Private Assets on Household Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56805

Food Insecurity and Vulnerability in Viet Nam: Profiles of Four Vulnerable Groups
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lovendal,   Christian Romer.
This report documents the main findings of the vulnerable profiling work carried out in Viet Nam, in cooperation with national partners and under the framework of a UNDP “Policy and Strategy for Sustainable Food Security in Viet Nam” project, as a means to support the planning of appropriate interventions at the national level. Similar studies were undertaken in Guatemala and Nepal, and related work was carried out in Afghanistan and diverse mountainous areas in connection with the International Year of Mountains (2002).  The report describes the livelihood strategies of four vulnerable groups (small farmers in the Red River and Mekong Deltas, small farmers in the Northern Region, artisanal fisherfolk in Central Coastal Region, and urban workers without...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Vulnerability; Food Insecurity; Vulnerable Groups; Livelihoods Profiling; Nepal.; Food Security and Poverty; Q18; Q19; O20.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23798

Farm Employment, Immigration, and Poverty: A Structural Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Philip L.; Taylor,   J. Edward.
This study tests for structural change in the poverty-farm employment relationship between 1980 and 1990. Econometric findings from a partially simultaneous block triangular regression model estimated with census data reveal a circular relationship between farm employment and immigration that was associated with a significant decrease in the number of people in impoverished U.S. households in 1980. However, in 1990, the farm employment-poverty relationship reversed: an additional farm job was associated with an increase in poverty. Our findings suggest immigration to fill low-skilled farm jobs is transferring poverty from rural Mexico to communities in the United States.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm employment; Immigration; Poverty; Rural communities; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31095

The Potential Role of Management Regulations in Controlling Consumer Exposure to Contaminated Fishery Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Willson,   Tina M.; Kazmierczak,   Richard F., Jr.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61781

Staple Food Consumption Patterns in Urban Zambia: Results from the 2007/2008 Urban Consumption Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
• The Zambia Urban Consumption Survey, a survey of 1,865 urban households in Lusaka, Kitwe, Mansa, and Kasama, was conducted in August 2007 and February 2008 by the Central Statistical Office in collaboration with the Zambia Food Security Research Project. • Survey results indicate that in Lusaka and Kitwe, wheat has overtaken maize as the most important staple in terms of urban consumer expenditures. Maize is no longer the dominant staple food in urban Zambia, except among the poor. This finding is consistent with broader regional trends toward declining dependence on maize for urban staple food needs. • Hammer-milling services are readily available to the vast majority of urban households and in most cases their cheapest maize meal option is to obtain...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Consumption; Household; Urban; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56810

Does use of ICT-based market information services (MIS) improve  welfare of smallholder farm households: Evidence from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,   Julius Juma.
The need to provide agricultural information to farmers has led to emergence of numerous ICT-based MIS projects in developing country. These projects aim at promoting commercialization of smallholder agriculture and subsequently their welfare. This study examines the welfare effects of one such project in western Kenya. It uses household food security and access to medical health services as proxies of welfare. The study finds that farmers that use ICT-based market information are more food secure and have better access to medical health services than their counterpart. It highlights policy implications of these findings.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholder farmers; Market information service; Mobile phones; Well-being; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61251

National School Lunch Program Feeds 30 Million Children
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Musiker,   Melissa.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124087

Strategies for Sustainable Land Management  and Poverty Reduction in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Pender,   John L.; Jagger,   Pamela; Sserunkuuma,   Dick; Kaizzi,   Crammer; Ssali,   Henry.
Poverty reduction is one of the overarching objectives of most of Sub-Saharan Africa and other low-income countries. Accordingly, one of IFPRI’s major research themes focuses on policies and strategies for poverty reduction. This research report contributes knowledge to that theme. It also contributes to IFPRI’s ongoing investigation of policies and strategies that foster broad-based and environmentally sustainable agricultural and rural development. In Uganda, where soil erosion and depletion of soil nutrients are widespread, land degradation is a major cause of declining productivity and increasing poverty. In this study, Ephraim Nkonya and his colleagues measure the relative merits of various household income strategies and land management practices in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Land use; Government policy; Uganda; Food supply; Poor; Nutrition; Agriculture and state; Land capability for agriculture; Data processing; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37897

Rural Poverty: Policy Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Musgrave,   Warren F.
Discussion of rural poverty has tended to emphasise farm poverty at the expense of rural urban poverty. There are serious problems in measuring the former but the evidence suggests that there is a sizeable group of chronically poor farm people. Only the Rural Adjustment Scheme appears to have components specifically geared to poor farmers and it, together with some possible innovations, is discussed. The nature and extent of rural urban poverty and its comparative neglect is described and some policy initiatives, revolving mainly round existing institutions and services are presented.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12374

Assessing Potential Impact of a Farmer Field School Training on Perennial Crop in Cameroon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wandji,   Njankoua; Binam,   Nyemeck; Sonii,   David; Mva Mva,   Jonas; Gockowski,   James.
This study is an attempt of the combination of multiple data sources referring to the same time period and to the same farmer population, it aims at assessing the potential impact of a cocoa Farmer Field School Training on Integrated Pest Management in Cameroon. Using a combination of a latitudinal and a longitudinal comparison, the results indicate that FFS-trained farmers have significantly more knowledge about crop husbandry practices than those in the non-participant comparison group. A 32% production increase and 45% income increase relative to the non-participants was estimated in the latitudinal analysis. The longitudinal comparison is showing significant adoption rates of 94, 93, 90, 66 and 35 % respectively for shade management, phytosanitary...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Integrated pest management; Farmer field school; Adoption rate; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52103

Rising World Food Prices and Poverty in Fiji: A Developing Country Micro-Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haszler,   Henry; Natasiwai,   Tevita; Gonemaituba,   Waisiki.
Until the world financial crisis struck, commodity and food prices seemed to be on an inexorable uptrend. The increases caused widespread concern about the effects of higher food prices on poverty. These concerns are relevant to the poor people everywhere but are especially relevant to poor people in developing countries who must spend high proportions of their incomes on food. In this analysis we use data from the Fiji Islands Household Income and Expenditure Survey of 2002 – 2003 to assess the likely effects of the increase in food prices in Fiji over 2002 to mid 2008 on the incidence of poverty in Fiji. We review and discuss the impacts of some of the Fiji Islands Government’s responses designed to alleviate the impacts on the Fiji Islands community.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food prices; Development; Poverty; Household survey; Case study; Fiji; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47634

School Breakfast and Lunch Costs: Are There Economies of Scale?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ollinger,   Michael; Ralston,   Katherine L.; Guthrie,   Joanne F.
On a given school day, over 31 million lunches and 10.1 million breakfasts are served to children in participating American schools through the USDA National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs.  The United States Department of Agriculture reimburses schools for some or all of their costs.  Reimbursement rates are based on an average meal cost, adjusted each year based on the national CPI for food away from home.  There is no adjustment for school characteristics such as size, although there can be as much as a seven-fold difference in the number of meals served, from the smallest to largest schools.  Yet, economists have shown that economies of scale exist in a variety of commercial and industrial settings.  Thus, we use a multiproduct translog...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: National School Lunch Program; School meal costs; School breakfast costs; School breakfast program; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103191

Improved drying of high moisture grains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McLeod,   Ross.
An economic evaluation of three ACIAR projects whose primary objective was to improve postharvest grain drying in Thailand and Australia is provided in this report.  During 1983–1996, ACIAR invested A$1.2 million in research designed to improve grain drying in these countries. Based on current adoption, the investment has resulted in a realised net present value of A$3.6 million. A benefit–cost ratio of 3:1 was estimated for the projects. In other words, for each dollar invested, three dollars of project benefits have resulted. A high proportion of realised benefits was estimated to accrue to Australian rice producers, through reduced grain drying costs, while benefits have also been captured by the Thai rice production industry through reduced postharvest...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Economic evaluation; Australia; Thailand; Postharvest grain drying; Rice; Net present value; Benefit-cost ratio; High impact; Benefits; Grain drying; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47692

CHINA AND THE FUTURE GLOBAL FOOD SITUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Jikun; Rozelle,   Scott; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16359

The World Food Situation: Recent Developments, Emerging Issues, and Long-Term Prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul; Rosegrant,   Mark W.
During the next quarter century the world will produce enough food to meet the demand of people who can afford to buy it, and real food prices will continue to decline. However, if the global community continues with business as usual, prospects for food security will be bleak for millions of people and degradation of natural resources will continue. IFPRI projections suggest that in developing countries as many as 150 million children—one out of four preschool children—could remain malnourished in 2020. In many developing countries food production is unlikely to keep pace with increases in the demand for food by growing populations. The “food gap”—the difference between production and demand for food—could more than double in the developing world during...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42563

EVALUATION OF THE 2006/7 AGRICULTURAL INPUT SUPPLY PROGRAMME, MALAWI. INTERIM REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
This report presents the preliminary findings of an evaluation of the 2006/7 agricultural input subsidies programme (AISP). The objectives are to feed back to stakeholders preliminary information about interim findings, proposals and issues for imminent decisions about the 2007/8 season. In order to provide this report as early as possible it has been possible to complete only a preliminary analysis of information gathered in the field from focus group discussions and a survey of input retailers. A major part of the rest of the study will involve analysis of information from a household survey and focus group discussions to investigate impact of the AISP.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97144

Patterns of Urban Food Consumption and Expenditure in Zambia: An Overview Report Based on the CSO/MACO/FSRP Food Consumption Survey in Urban Areas of Lusaka, Kitwe, Mansa and Kasama, 2007-2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Beaver,   Margaret; Chapoto,   Antony; Weber,   Michael T.
Replaced with revised version of paper 06/16/10.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Food security; Urban; Consumption; Zambia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56802

Etude sur la transmission des fluctuations et les prix de parité du riz et du maïs au Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Traore,   Pierre; Diarra,   Salifou Bakary.
Calculation of maize and rice parity prices in Mali.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Mali; Food policy; Markets; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62165

Gender Difference in the Long-Term Impact of Famine
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mu,   Ren; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
An increasing literature examines the association between restricted fetal or early childhood growth and the incidence of diseases in adulthood. Little is known, however, about gender difference in this association. We assess the impact of nutritional deficiency in the early lives of survivors of the Chinese Great Famine in terms of health and economic welfare, paying special attention to gender differences. We found evidence of several significant negative impacts for female--but not male--survivors, and the gender differences are statistically significant. Furthermore, we show that the selection bias caused by differences in mortality plausibly explains more than two-thirds of the documented gender difference in the long-term health of famine survivors.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Famine; Fetal origins hypothesis; Gender difference; China; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42331

YOUNG CONSUMERS’ DEMAND FOR NATURAL SWEETENERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krutkramele,   Katrina; Ehmke,   Mariah D.
Health conscious consumers are increasingly concerned about the caloric content and glycemic index of sweeteners added to food. Currently, the average American consumes 22 teaspoons of added sugar in processed foods per day. Young people typically consume higher amounts of sweeteners via candy, sports drinks, and soda (Smed, Jensen et al. 2007). Recently, the American Heart Association issued a statement recommending no more than six teaspoons for women and nine teaspoons for men of added sugar in processed foods per day (Winslow and Wang 2009). Of particular concern is the glycemic index of sweeteners—or how quickly sweeteners raise one’s blood sugar level after consumption. While much of recent concern about added sugar focuses on high fructose corn...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116430

Rural Poverty and Employment Effects of Bt Cotton in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Subramanian,   Arjunan; Qaim,   Matin.
The impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on the poor in developing countries is still the subject of controversy. While previous studies have examined direct productivity effects of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton and other GM crops, little is known about wider socioeconomic outcomes. We use a microeconomic modelling approach and comprehensive survey data from India to analyze welfare and distribution effects in a typical village economy. Bt cotton adoption increases aggregate employment with interesting gender implications. Likewise, aggregate household incomes rise, including for poor and vulnerable farmers, highlighting that Bt cotton contributes to poverty reduction and rural development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified crops; Poverty; Rural development; Village economy; Social accounting matrix; Impacts; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50555

Meeting Food Needs in the Developing World: The Location and Magnitude of the Task in the Next Decade
Provedor de dados: 31
This report is the first research report if the International Food Policy Research Institute. As its title indicates, it is a partial analysis of the world food problem which attempts to indicate precisely the location and magnitude of possible food deficits in developing market economies. The report bears no single author because it is a joint effort. However, Nathen Koffsky carried most of the burden for the analysis and writing. Diane Skellie and Pradeep Kotamraju did most of the statistical analysis. Kennth Bachmann, Pelix Nweke, M. S. Roa, and James Gavan all contributed to the planning and development of the analysis. Special thanks are due to the other organizations that contributed in various ways. These include the International Monetary Fund, the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42225

HYBRID RICE AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY AND THE PATTERN OF GLOBAL PRODUCTION AND TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Durand-Morat,   Alvaro; Wailes,   Eric J.; Chavez,   Eddie C.
The hybrid rice technology is one of the many ways in which productivity of scarce resources devoted to rice production could be enhanced, with the consequent alleviation of food insecurity. The findings of this study show that the hybrid rice technology has so far made some sizable contributions to per-capita availability of rice in adopting countries with marginal spillover effects to other regions. However, at forecasted population growths, a massive intensification of adoption would be needed to maintain per-capita availability of rice at baseline levels. But even with adoption rates climbing significantly, much higher equilibrium prices are expected, which will represent a challenge for the hungry in many parts of the world. While hybrid rice has the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hybrid rice; Food security; Technology change; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q55.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98845

A SLUGGISH DEMAND COULD BE AS POTENT AS TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS IN CREATING SURPLUS IN STAPLE PRODUCTION: THE CASE OF BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Raisuddin.
During the decade from 1982/83 through 1992/93, Bangladesh was able to increase production of rice, its staple food, at a rate modestly higher than the growth in population. However, the growth in per capita supply remained stagnant, because of the substitution of imports with domestic production. On the other hand, per capita income grew about 2 percent per annum. Nevertheless, the real price of rice declined about 2.7 percent annually. This decline in the rice price, on the face of a stagnant supply and increasing incomes, aroused suspicion whether income distribution has twisted against the poor who have a higher marginal propensity to consume rice compared to the rich. Three factors are identified that contributed to the decline in the rice price while...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91853

Smallholder Cash Cropping, Food Cropping, and Food Security in Northern Mozambique: Research Methods
Provedor de dados: 31
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Directorate of Economics, Republic of Mozambique
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Cash cropping; Food cropping; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56021

Escaping Poverty Traps? Collective Action and Property Rights in Post-War Rural Cambodia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weingart,   Anne; Kirk,   Michael.
This paper introduces and applies an analytical framework to study how formal and informal institutions influence socio–economic change and poverty reduction in rural Cambodia, giving specific reference to property rights and collective action. It focuses on emerging endogenous mechanisms of cooperation as well as on the role of external actors and instruments in forming or enhancing collective action institutions, and enforcing use and ownership rights among the rural poor. Within this framework key contextual factor, such as asset endowments, legal structures, and power relations, have an impact on poverty and rural livelihoods, but are also mediated and changed by property right regimes and local cooperation. Findings indicate that access to and use of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Property rights; Cambodia; Poverty traps; Natural resources; Rights; Common property; Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44362

Consumer attitudes towards sustainability attributes on food labels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saunders,   Caroline M.; Guenther,   Meike; Kaye-Blake,   William; Miller,   Sini; Tait,   Peter R.
With current concerns about climate change and the general status of the environment, there is an increasing expectation that products have sustainability credentials, and that these can be verified. Labelling is a common method of communicating certain product attributes to consumers that may influence their choices. There are different types of labels with several functions. The aim of this study is to investigate consumers‟ purchase decisions towards certain sustainability claims on food products, particularly by displaying the reduction of carbon emissions. Choice outcomes will be evaluated using Discrete Choice Modelling (DCM). Data for the study is obtained by a web-based consumer survey undertaken in the United Kingdom (UK). Results provide...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food labeling; Carbon footprint; Discrete choice modeling; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96944

Household Food Security in a Subsistence Economy: Application of Translog Cost Function to Cross-sectional data in Vihiga District, Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nyangweso,   P.M.; Odhiambo,   Mark O.; Odunga; Serem,   A.K.
Vihiga, one of the poorest and densely populated districts in Kenya is perpetually food deficit (GOK, 2005). While food demand continued to rise, production fell behind both targeted production and district demand. To make matters worse food deficit situation worsened over the last decade. Rising population and competition for resources have curtailed efforts to improve household food production in the district. Unfavorable poverty indicators in the district only make matters worse. About 57.6 percent of the population and more than 50 percent of households live below absolute poverty line while 57 percent of the population and households live below food poverty line (GOK, 2005). Poor welfare indicators for Vihiga district underscore the importance and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Translog Cost Function; Vihiga; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52216

Durabilité des systèmes de production des petits ruminants: Une approche de santé  animale–marketing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zaibet,   Lokman; Abdelhafidh,   Hassen.
L’objectif de ce papier est d’identifier les contraintes de commercialisation des petits ruminants sur le marché aux bestiaux.  Ces contraintes sont particulièrement prononcées chez les petits éleveurs. Notre recherche met en évidence la relation entre les caractéristiques de cette catégorie d’éleveurs et le choix du lieu de commercialisation (marché, sur la route ou à la ferme).  Ce choix est lié aussi aux coûts de transaction qui se manifestent sur le marché mais aussi à l’état de santé du cheptel.  La décision de ne pas se rendre sur le marché est supposée influencer négativement la continuité de cette activité et par conséquent la durabilité de d’élevage chez les petits éleveurs. Parmi les facteurs trouvés favoriser la chance de se rendre sur le marché...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52006

Enabling Equitable Collective Action and Policy Change for Poverty Reduction and Improved Natural Resource Management in the Eastern African Highlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: German,   Laura; Mazengia,   Waga; Tirwomwe,   Wilberforce; Ayele,   Shenkut; Tanui,   Joseph; Nyangas,   Simon; Begashaw,   Leulseged; Taye,   Hailemichael; Admassu,   Zenebe; Tsegaye,   Mesfin; Alinyo,   Francis; Mekonnen,   Ashenafi; Aberra,   Kassahun; Chemangei,   Awadh; Cheptegei,   William; Tolera,   Tesema; Jote,   Zewude; Bedane,   Kiflu.
The role of local and external institutions in natural resource management (NRM) is gaining attention in the literature, fostering greater understanding of the relationship between collective action and poverty, collective action and equity, and the conditions under which collective action institutions take root. It has also led to increased understanding of how uncritical practices by external development institutions can propagate social inequities in NRM. Yet little research has been conducted to understand how to foster local collective action institutions where they are absent, or to improve institutional practice. This research integrates empirical and action research in an effort to generate working solutions to problems facing rural communities in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44359

AN EVALUATION OF THE DISTRIBUTIONAL POWER OF PROGRESA'S CASH TRANSFER IN MEXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.
Using both national-sample and program-level census survey data, we evaluate the distributional power of Mexico's Programa Nacional de Educacion, Salud y Alimentacion (PROGRESA) transfers using the so-called distributional characteristic. These transfers are targeted both geographically at marginal localities and at poor households within these localities. Transfers are also conditioned on household members attending school and health clinics. We show that the program has a relatively high distributional power compared to a range of alternatives considered. Although geographic targeting has a relatively large effect on the distributional power of the program, the demographic structure of transfers is more important than household targeting. However, the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16428

Economic Impact on Food Security of Varietal Tolerance to Cassava Brown Streak Disease in Coastal Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McSween,   S.; Walker,   Thomas S.; Salegua,   Venancio Alexandre; Pitoro,   Raul.
Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique Directorate of Training, Documentation, and Technology Transfer
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Coastal Mozambique; Cassava brown streak disease; Nikwaha; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55863

Institutions, impact synergies and food security: a methodology with results from the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saleth,   Rathinasamy Maria; Dinar,   Ariel; Neubert,   Susanne; Kamaiah,   Bandi; Manoharan,   Seenithamby; Abayawardana,   Sarath; Ariyaratne,   Badugodahewa Ranjith; de Silva,   Shyamalie.
The success of development programs depends on the role of underlying institutions and the impact synergies from closely related programs. Existing literature has limitations in accounting for these critical factors. This paper fills this gap by developing a methodology, which can quantify both the institutional roles in impact generation and the impact synergies from related programs. The methodology is applied to the Kala Oya Basin in Sri Lanka for evaluating the impacts of three development programs and 11 institutions on food security. The results provide valuable insights on the relative roles of institutions and the varying flow of impact synergies both within and across impact pathways.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Institutional development; Development plans; Development policy; Impact assessment; River basins; Food security; Models; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44521

DO CROWDED CLASSROOMS CROWD OUT LEARNING? EVIDENCE FROM THE FOOD FOR EDUCATION PROGRAM IN BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Arends-Kuenning,   Mary.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16000

WEIGHING WHAT'S PRACTICAL: PROXY MEANS TESTS FOR TARGETING FOOD SUBSIDIES IN EGYPT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Bouis,   Howarth E.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15941

The Role of Credit Access in Improving Cocoa Production in West African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nyemeck,   J.B.; Gockowski,   James; Nkamleu,   Guy Blaise.
This study uses survey data to examine the role of access to credit on cocoa production, in West African cocoa production countries under conditions of agricultural policy liberalization. The study specifies and estimates econometric models to simulate the counterfactual of what cocoa production would be in the absence of credit facilities. The survey results show that about 54% of cocoa farmers have access to credit in Nigeria, and respectively 37% in Cameroon, while in Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire only a few cocoa farmers have access to credit. We find that the cocoa farmer’s capacity such as, the cocoa farm size, and the mutuality status of the farmer are more important as a determinants of cocoa farmers access to credit as well as another set of variables...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Credit; Cocoa; Farmer; West Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52095

Smallholder Commercialization Trends as Affected by Land Constraints in Zambia: What Are the Policy Implications?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Jayne,   Thomas S.
In spite of vast expanses of the country’s land currently being uncultivated, there is increasing evidence that a surprisingly high share of rural smallholder households face land constraints that adversely affect their productivity and ability to participate in agricultural supply chains.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Poverty; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123211

Agricultural Clusters in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiminami,   Lily; Kiminami,   Akira.
The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of clustering in the development of agriculture and rural communities in China. We shall examine in detail the food industry, which is the link in the food chain that propels the industrialization of agriculture, and identify instances of industrial agglomeration and business collaboration. Next, we shall analyze the externalities (i.e. spillovers) of clusters, demand conditions in cluster formation, and the effectiveness of business collaborations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural clusters; Rural development; Business collaboration; China; Japan; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Public Economics; Q10; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51471

THE IMPACT OF LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES ON FOOD AVAILABILITY AND DEMAND IN 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.; Crosson,   Pierre; Courbois,   Claude B.
People in developed countries consume about 3 to 4 times as much meat and fish, and 5 to 6 times as much milk products per capita as in developing Asia and Africa. Yet, meat, milk, and fish consumption per capita has barely grown in the developed countries as a whole over the past 20 years. Growth in per capita consumption and production has occurred in developing regions such as developing Asia, where income has increased from a low level and urbanization is rapid. By 2020, according to projections by IFPRI's IMPACT model, the share of the developing countries in total world meat consumption will rise from 47 percent currently to 64 percent. The net impact on food access for the poor of the world will depend on their role as producers of meat, milk, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102530

EXPLANING CHILD MALNUTRITION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
One out of every three children under five in developing countries is malnourished. This unacceptable state of affairs leads to a great deal of human suffering, both physical and emotional. It is a major drain on developing countries' prospects for development because malnourished children require more intense care from their parents and are less physically and intellectually productive as adults. It is also a violation of a child's human rights. While there is no question that malnutrition must come to an end, debates continue to flourish over what the most important causes of malnutrition are and what types of policies will be most successful in reducing it.  The number of malnourished children in the developing world has remained fairly constant....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16532

THE EFFECT OF AN ELECTRONIC BENEFIT TRANSFER (EBT) SYSTEM ON FOOD EXPENDITURE OF FOOD STAMP RECIPIENTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE MARYLAND STATEWIDE IMPLEMENTATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levedahl,   J. William.
Survey data before and after the statewide implementation of an Electronic Benefit Transfer system in Maryland is used to estimate the impact of this system on net food expenditure out of Food Stamp Program (FSP) benefits and income.  A reduction in the net food expenditure from FSP benefits relative to income reduces the FSP's ability to target food expenditure.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20905

Understanding and Improving Food Aid Targeting in Rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Strauss,   John; Yamano,   Takashi; Molla,   Daniel.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Downloads May 2008-June 2009: 13.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11416

Unexploited Agricultural Growth: The Case of Crop–Livestock Production Systems in Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Homann,   Sabine; Rooyen,   Andre van.
Livestock is the most important source of cash for small-scale farmers in the semi-arid tropics of southern Africa. However, with limited access to markets, farmers do not have the incentive to invest in improved livestock management. Livestock production and off-takes remain low and farmers are unable to realize the full potential of their herds. We believe that improved market access will be the driver to increase technology adoption for income growth and poverty reduction. In Zimbabwe, a recent baseline diagnosis by ICRISAT and partners found that cash income from goats is crucial to cover day-to-day expenditures for food, education and human health. Cattle are more important for draft power and milk, and support subsistence cropping activities. Major...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52186

Potential of Forest Resources to Alleviate Poverty and Unemployment in Rural Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhakal,   Bhubaneswor; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
The study examines the importance of community forest resources for income and employment in rural areas of Nepal by studying the effect of current forestry policy on forestland use. Using data from 259 households in six community forest user groups in three hilly districts (Dolakha, Kavre and Nuwakot), the results show that the resources available from private lands and community forests with current policies are inadequate to fully utilize the family labour force of many rural households and are insufficient to meet the bare survival income of the poorest households. Current government policy dictates the use of all community forestland for limited timber production and environmental conservation, and provides little scope for fodder and firewood...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community welfare model; Livelihood; Community forestry; Incomes; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31962

Agri-food supply chains and sustainability-related issues: evidence from across the Scottish agri-food economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leat,   Philip M.K.; Lamprinopoulou-Kranis,   Chrysa; Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar; Kupiec-Teahan,   Beata.
This paper examines the influence of agri-food supply chains on the sustainability-related activities and decisions of Scottish farmers, as well as the treatment of sustainability issues by food processors and retailers themselves. It is based on 8 whole chain case studies covering some of Scotland’s major agricultural products. The cases identify differing levels of understanding and activities related to sustainability, but widespread acknowledgement that sustainability involves the development of chains within which all parties can achieve acceptable profits. Indeed, collaborative supply chains, which seek improved economic performance, frequently assist environmental and social sustainability. The main drivers of sustainability are found to be the cost...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Food; Supply chain; Agribusiness; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109424

Ambiente institucional e acesso aos mercados internacionais para produtores brasileiros: comparando a legislação americana e o européia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pereira,   Paulo Rodrigues Fernandes; Flexor,   Georges Gerard; Funcke,   Andre Luis.
O trabalho pretende abordar a problemática do acesso aos mercados internacionais sob a ótica da questão da qualidade e segurança dos alimentos. Procura nesse sentido apresentar uma comparação dos arcabouços institucionais dos Estados Unidos da América e da União Européia no que diz respeito a normas e padrões de seguranças e qualidade dos alimentos. Esses elementos que estruturam o ambiente institucional do acesso aos mercados representam desafios importantes para os produtores dos países em desenvolvimento, sobretudo para os pequenos agricultores.------------------------The work aims to address the problem of access to international markets from the perspective of the quality and food safety. From a institutional approach, it presents a comparison of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Normas; Cadeia; Ambiente institucional; Qualidade; Standards; Chain; Institution; Quality; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108082

The Impact of Access to Credit on the Adoption of hybrid maize in Malawi: An Empirical test of an Agricultural Household Model under credit market failure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simtowe,   Franklin; Zeller,   Manfred.
Guided by the frame work of a household model under credit market failure, this paper aims at investigating the impact of access to credit on the adoption of hybrid maize among households that vary in their credit constraints. The data used in the study is from Malawi collected by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).Using the direct elicitation approach; households are classified into constrained and unconstrained regimes. The impact of access to credit is estimated using a switching regression in a Double-Hurdle model. Results reveal that while access to credit increases adoption among credit constrained households, it has no effect among unconstrained households. Results also show that factors that affect adoption among credit...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Credit constraints; Double-hurdle; Hybrid maize; Adoption; Malawi; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52076

MATERIAL HARDSHIP ACROSS PLACE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mosley,   Jane M.; Miller,   Kathleen K.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18921

Income Diversification and Poverty in the Northern Uplands of Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas; Epprecht,   Michael; Anh,   Tran Thi Tram; Trung,   Le Quang.
Urbanization and income growth within developing countries have created large markets for meat, milk, fish, fruits, and vegetables, while trade liberalization and foreign investment have connected farmers in developing countries with high-income consumers in other countries. In the first half of the 1990s, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) carried out a series of studies on the impact of agricultural commercialization on farm income and nutrition, finding that the effects were generally positive. More recently, IFPRI research explored the “livestock revolution” and its effect on small farmers, as well as the dramatic growth in international trade in fish and seafood, in which developing countries play an increasingly important role....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Vietnam; Northern; Income; Rural conditions; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37884

The World's Most Deprived: Characteristics and Causes of Extreme Poverty and Hunger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Akhter U.; Hill,   Ruth Vargas; Smith,   Lisa C.; Wiesmann,   Doris M.; Frankenberger,   Tim.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42252

Main Lessons of the Agricultural Market Outlook and Food Security Conference in Mozambique for the Commercial Year 2004/2005.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mabota,   Anabela; Arlindo,   Pedro; Paulo,   Antonio M.; Donovan,   Cynthia.
Research Results from the Agricultural Market Information System (SIMA)- Dept. of Statistics and the Policy Analysis Department, MADER-Directorate of Economics
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55245

Towards the Development of Innovative Strategies for Traditional Food Chains in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molnar,   Adrienn; Gellynck,   Xavier; Vanhonacker,   Filiep; Verbeke,   Wim.
Organizations no longer compete as independent entities, but as chains (Christopher, 1998; Cox, 1999; Lambert, Cooper, 2000). Consequently, chain strategies became more important in creating competitive advantage (Vickery et al., 2003; Gunasekaran et al., 2004). Despite the growing recognition of the importance of chain strategies, many chains active in the agri‐business sector still face difficulties in developing common chain strategies and implementing them collaboratively to generate additional mutual gains and savings. Chains lacking a chain strategy and having short‐term perspectives face difficulties in envisaging and implementing cooperative solutions to problems they cannot manage alone. Despite this recognition, the actual development of such...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Chain goals; Consumer perceptions; Traditional food products; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91135

AN OPERATIONAL TOOL FOR EVALUATING POVERTY OUTREACH OF DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PROJECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Henry,   Carla; Lapenu,   Cecile.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15966

Food Reserve Stocks and Critical Food Shortages - a Proposal Based on the Needs of Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lind,   Kim Martin.
This working paper examines the food security policy, where food security means ensuring an adequate supply of food for hungry people. In particular, the recommendations of FAO are being used as a measuring rod against which food security policies are assessed. By means of FAO's database a statistical analysis of all Sub-Saharan Africa countries with respect to measuring the incidence and severity of critical food shortages are carried out. Stock policies seem to have been the answer when issues of ensuring adequate supplies have surfaced. In the paper, an estimate of the costs of keeping stocks is provided, and the costs are quite staggering. Based on the statistical analysis an estimate of the number and volume of acute food shortages per year in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food; Stocks; Shortages; Uncertainty; Sub-Saharan Africa; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24935

Socio-economic Profiles of Nutrition Label Users
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Ge; You,   Wen; Nayga,   Rodolfo M., Jr.
This paper aims to explore the socio-economic profiles of the nutrition label users and focuses on seven key nutrients: calories, calories from fat, total fat, trans fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium. The data are from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006 and Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) 1994-96. Similar conclusions are drawn from both data sets: those consumers who are older, better educated, higher  income, female, and have higher nutrition knowledge will have higher probability to use nutrition labels; those consumers who are in larger size families and being either Hispanic or black have lower probability of using nutrition labels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Socio-economic; Profiles; Nutrition Label; Users; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61638

Food Security II Cooperative Agreement: Project Fact Sheets (1996 version)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Michael T.
Individual project fact sheets.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54685

Science in Agricultural Relief and Development Programs:  The Case of Conservation Farming In Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazvimavi,   Kizito; Twomlow,   Steve; Murendo,   Conrad; Musitini,   Tawedzegwa.
Drought is endemic to southern Africa. In Zimbabwe farmers have been experiencing drought once every two to three years. Relief agencies have traditionally responded to drought by providing farmers with enough seed and fertilizer to enable them to re-establish their cropping enterprises. But, in the absence of these interventions there are limited sustainable options for farmers to maintain higher productivity levels.  ICRISAT has been working with government, NGOs and the donor community to test more sustainable farming strategies that will increase food production levels even under drought conditions. For years, ICRISAT sought to develop more drought-tolerant varieties of sorghum, pearl millet and groundnut. But these offered only limited gains in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought; Farmers; Relief; Zimbabwe; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52129

FACTORS AFFECTING PARTICIPATION IN THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM IN TENNESSEE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tegegne,   Fisseha; Muhammad,   Safdar; Ekanem,   Enefiok P.
The goal of the Food Stamp Program (FSP) is to serve as a safety net for low-income families by providing assistance that will enable them purchase nutritious food. Eligibility to participate in the program is based on U.S. poverty guidelines and asset ownership of recipients. Recent welfare reform resulted in a decrease of participants in all federal welfare programs including food stamps. This paper reports results of an evaluation of county-level economic conditions and existing policy parameters that affect participation in the FSP in Tennessee and to derive implications for future policies. The results showed that there has been a significant decline in participation in the state, with a greater decline in metro counties over the same period. The...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27153

Enhancing Sustainable Development of Diverse Agriculture in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roonnaphai,   Nareenat.
The objective of Phase I Thailand country study are to review and analyses past trends in the production, marketing, consumption, processing and related policies of major CGPRT crops, of which maize, cassava and soybean are selected. In addition, analysis of trade liberalization, agro-industries using the three selected crops, production, marketing and processing potentials and threats are conducted in an attempt to seek policy recommendations for the development of sustainable, diversified agriculture for poverty alleviation.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32705

REDE DE SEGURANCA ALIMENTAR DE FORTE COESAO SOCIAL, A PARTIR DO PROGRAMA DE AQUISICAO DE ALIMENTOS (PAA) NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARARAQUARA-SP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Moraes Camargo Almeida,   Luiz Manoel; Ferrante,   Vera Botta; Paulillo,   Luiz Fernando.
This paper presents a case of arrangement of a network of strong social cohesion linked to local food security programs in Araraquara, a municipality in Sao Paulo state countryside and one of the pioneers in launching public policy in such a dimension. The overall objective of this work is to show the main efficiencies and institutional and organizational obstacles encountered in the core network that has been formed in that county. A key finding is that in that municipality of midsize and relevant generation of wealth for the state of São Paulo, there are small family farmers composing a network of local food security policy that has as a tool to foster the EAP (Acquisition Program Food) from the federal government. This will be demonstrated through an...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Segurança alimentar local; Agricultura familiar; Redes; Programas municipais; Local food security; Family agriculture; Networks; Municipal programs; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102028

TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS AND CONSTRAINTS TO IMPROVED FOOD SECURITY:  A COMPARISON BETWEEN MAIZE AND SORGHUM IN THE SORGHUM-BASED CULTIVATON SYSTEM OF NORTH WESTERN PROVINCE, ZAMBIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chuzu,   Pia Nwanza.
Zambia, Some County Statistics: Zambia is a landlocked country in the Southern African region. With an area of 74,072,000 hectares (ha) and a population estimated at 7 million, it has one of the lowest person/land ratios in Africa. Its annual population growth rate is high, however, estimated at 3.5 percent (World Development Report, 1988). Zambia's economy is highly dependent on copper earnings. Mineral exports formed 96 percent of total exports in 1986. With generally declining copper prices since 1974 and a rising import bill, Zambia's economy has been severely strained. Fuel imports formed 43 percent of the total imports in 1985, rising from only 10 percent in 1965.  The economy: Despite its efforts to diversify the economy from a mining base to...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11066

THE EFFECT OF CASH CROPPING ON FOOD CONSUMPTION ADEQUACY AMONG THE MERU OF NORTHERN TANZANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lev,   Larry.
The primary objective of this paper is the consideration of the hypothesis that cash cropping has a negative impact on food consumption.  An adequate consideration of this first hypothesis leads the analyst to scrutinize the diametrically opposing viewpoint as well.  This second viewpoint is based on the conviction that nutritional problems will be overcome within the general process of economic development and that market specialization and integration are essential factors in that development process.  The establishment of these two extreme hypotheses, these two "strawmen," will provide a framework within which a number of other objectives can be considered.  In the order in which they are treated, they are:  (1)  The clarification of the "role" of...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11018

Poverty and Economically Deprived Women and Children: Theories, Emerging Policy Issues and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Family welfare; Welfare state; Poverty; Economic transition; Structural adjustment policies; Economic globalisation; Social services; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Public Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90632

Has Economic Growth in Mozambique Been Pro-Poor?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: James,   Robert C.; Arndt,   Channing; Simler,   Kenneth R.
Using 1996–97 and 2002–03 nationally representative household surveys, we examine the extent to which growth in Mozambique has been pro-poor. While all sections of society enjoyed a rapid annual increase in consumption between the sample periods, the rate of growth in consumption was slightly higher for richer households. This has led to a moderate increase in inequality at the national level, as demonstrated by the rise in the Gini coefficient from 0.40 to 0.42. However, this slight increase in inequality is not statistically significant, and its impact on poverty reduction efforts is small: the poverty headcount would have been 53.0 percent in 2002–03 if all sections of society had enjoyed the mean growth rate in consumption, compared with the 54.1...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Poverty; Growth; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59288

The Effects of HIV/Aids on Agricultural Production and Poverty in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ndirangu,   Lydia K.; Kimalu,   Paul.
Although HIV/AIDS prevalence in Kenya has shown a downward trend in the recent years, it continues to impact negatively on agricultural production and food security in rural areas. The declining trends in crop production remain a challenge for development efforts. This study examines the extent to which AIDS has impacted on agricultural production, incomes and food security. Using a sample of 212 households, the study examines changes in welfare of households experiencing death and illness associated with HIV/AIDS condition. Poverty incidence and severity are observed to be higher among affected and non-affected households. The higher poverty levels among the ‘affected’ cohort can partly be explained by lower crop and livestock production. In the absence...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9538

OUTLOOK FOR FISH TO 2020: MEETING GLOBAL DEMAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.; Wada,   Nikolas; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Meijer,   Siet; Ahmed,   Mahfuzuddin.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16143

The Role of Agriculture in Reducing Poverty in Tanzania: A Household Perspective from Rural Kilimanjaro and Ruvuma
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sarris,   Alexander H.; Savastano,   Sara; Christiaensen,   Luc J.M.
This paper explores how farm productivity affects poverty, and how various factor market constraints affect farm productivity. The empirical analysis draws on representative surveys of farm households in Kilimanjaro and Ruvuma, two cash crop growing regions in Tanzania. We find that poorer households do not only possess fewer assets, but are also much less productive. We find that agricultural productivity directly affects household consumption and hence overall poverty and welfare. Stochastic production frontier analysis indicates that many farmers are farming well below best practice in the region. Analysis of allocative efficiency suggests that family labour is substantially over utilized, a sign of considerable excess labour supply. Use of intermediate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Factor markets; Rural poverty; Farm productivity; Food Security and Poverty; O13; O120; Q120.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25573

EMPOWERING WOMEN TO ACHIEVE FOOD SECURITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Overview, by Agnes R. Quisumbing and Ruth S. Meinzen-Dick; Land rights, by Eve Crowley; Water rights, by Barbara van Koppen; Rights to livestock, by Beth A. Miller; Technology, by Thelma R. Paris, Hilary Sims Feldstein and Guadalupe Duron; Education, by Elizabeth M. King and Harold Alderman; Labor markets and employment, by Ruthanne Deutsch, Suzanne Duryea and Claudia Piras; Health and nutrition, by Stuart Gillespie; Social capital, by Mercy S. Dikito-Wachtmeister; Microfinance, by Manohar Sharma; Safety nets, by Michelle Adato and Shelly Feldman; Law and legal reform, by Gita Gopal
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16032

Periodicals for Microcomputers: An Annotated Bibliography
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stilwell,   Thomas C.
This paper is a listing of magazines, journals, and newspapers if up-to-date books on microcomputers and related software for scientists in developing countries.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Microcomputers; Food Security and Poverty; Downloads December 2008-June 2009: 12; Q18.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54764

Opportunities to Improve Household Food Security Through Promoting Informal Maize Marketing Channels: Experience from Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Traub,   Lulama Ndibongo; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Maize meal is a staple food in South Africa, particularly among the poor. The South  African government by the mid-1980s enacted a series of legislations aimed at reducing the role  of  government within the market and placing increasing reliance on market forces and the private  sector. Ex post studies of the impact of maize market reform in neighboring countries found that,  in general, the reforms led to lower maize milling/retailing margins in real terms. However, in  the case of South Africa, recent analysis indicates that maize market reform has not reduced  processing and retailing margins in the maize meal supply chain. The study objectives are to  determine actual and potential consumer demand for the types of maize meal capable of being  produced...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Maize; Marketing; South Africa; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; F14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54568

The Cost of Living and the Geographic Distribution of Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jolliffe,   Dean.
The prevalence of poverty has been greater in nonmetro areas than in metro areas in every year since the 1960s when poverty rates were first officially recorded. Accordingly, Federal funds for social assistance programs and community development have favored nonmetro areas. This study suggests that adjusting poverty measures to account for cost-of-living differences between metro and nonmetro areas reverses that ranking. Once adjusted for cost-of-living differences using the Fair Market Rents index, metro poverty is greater than nonmetro poverty in terms of prevalence, depth, and severity over the entire 1991-2002 study period.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Cost-of-living adjustments; Fair Market Rents data; Urban-rural comparison; Sample design; Current Population Survey; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7254

The supermarket revolution and impacts on agricultural labor markets: Empirical evidence from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rao,   Elizaphan J.O.; Qaim,   Matin.
Many developing countries are currently experiencing a rapid expansion of supermarkets. New supermarket procurement systems could have important implications for farming and wider rural development. While previous studies have analyzed farm profit and income effects, possible employment effects have received much less attention. Building on data from a recent survey of vegetable farmers in Kenya, in this article a double-hurdle model of hired labor use is developed and estimated. Farmer participation in supermarket channels increases the likelihood of hiring labor by 13% and overall demand for hired labor by 38%. A gender disaggregation shows that positive employment effects are especially pronounced for female hired labor. Given that agricultural wage...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Off-farm income; Hired labor; Double-hurdle model; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; C34; Q12; Q13; J43.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107745

Prime-Age Adult Morbidity and Mortality in Rural Rwanda: Effects on Household Income, Agricultural Production, and Food Security Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Bailey,   Linda; Mpyisi,   Edson; Weber,   Michael T.
Food Security Research Project (FSRP) and Division of Agricultural Statistics (DSA) Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Forestry MINAGRI MINAGRI
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Household income; Rwanda; Adult mortality; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55387

Adding value to fresh and processed produce through product certification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Napitupulu,   Togar Alam; Natawidjaja,   Ronnie S.
The current trend in world trade of agro-food, and the change in consumer demand patterns for food and agricultural products, has led to a fast growth of multi-national chains of retail stores in major cities in developing countries and growth in domestic retail store chains. Their presence opens a new market for high quality agro-food. While many products come from overseas, many can also be supplied locally by farmers or farmers’ co-operatives or associations provided that they meet the quality and supply standards required by the store. To study and identify specific benefits from this global economic trend that can be tapped by secondary crops farmers, specifically those living in medium altitude areas, two studies were conducted in two member...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS; PRODUCT CERTIFICATION; FARMERS ASSOCIATIONS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121040

The Niger Food Crisis: Causes and Implications for Research and Development from an Integrated Agricultural Economics Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abele,   Steffen; Twine,   Edgar.
During the 2004 food crisis in Niger, the weakness of the main production system, millet, to produce enough food to sustain short term crises, has been revealed. Questions arise how the Nigerian smallholder systems can be assisted by research and development policies to intensify production and improve food security. The paper assesses technical options according to their economic sustainability. A sequence of models is applied: On plot level, production functions of inter cropping systems were estimated to determine yields and their variability of the major crops. These data were fed in a nonlinear program to test the inn ovations, first at stable prices, then at declining prices that were obtained from an interregional trade model. The latter was shocked...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Niger; Small scale farming; Risk management; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O13; Q01; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25557

Effects of Family, Friends, and Relative Prices on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption by African American Youths
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhylyevskyy,   Oleksandr; Jensen,   Helen H.; Garasky,   Steven B.; Cutrona,   Carolyn E.; Gibbons,   Frederick X.
Facilitating healthy eating among young people, particularly among minorities who are at high risk for gaining excess weight, is at the forefront of the current policy discussions in the U.S. We investigate the effects of social interactions and relative prices on fruit and vegetable consumption by African American youths. We estimate a simultaneous equation ordered probit model of food intake using rich behavioral data from the Family and Community Health Study and price data from the Economic Research Service’s Quarterly Food-at-Home Price Database. We find the presence of endogenous effects between a youth and parent, but not between a youth and friend. Lower relative prices of fruits and vegetables tend to increase intakes. Results suggest that health...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Endogenous effects; Fruit and vegetable consumption; Healthy food choices; Simultaneous equation ordered probit model; Social interactions.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94158

Exportaçã de Milho: Ameaça Contra a Segurança Alimentar Rural? Resultados de Um Inquérito às Famílias Rurais do Norte de Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: SIMA, Research Team.
Resultados das investigações do SIMA-Dest e Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Maize; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55226

POVERTY OVER TIME AND LOCATION: AN EXAMINATION OF METRO-NONMETRO DIFFERENCES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ulimwengu,   John M.; Kraybill,   David S.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18908

THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY BANKS IN SOUTH AFRICA: CAN IT CONTRIBUTE TO IMPOVE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES FOR THE POOR?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coetzee,   Gerhard K.; Cross,   Catherine.
Community banking initiatives are defined in this paper as membership based decentralized and self-help financial institutions.  Under this broad definition we discuss the informal variants of community banks, the rotating savings and credit association (or in South Africa better known as the stokvel), the more formalized village banks spreading throughout the country and the very formalized (defined in terms of legislation and registration requirements) institutions registered under the Mutual Banks Act of 1993.  We show that the informal financial groups are changing in profile and mode of operation and we look at factors contributing to success and failure (CC - please expand here).  The village banks started slowly since 1994 and then the concept...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18039