Consulta: subjectFacets:"Global"
Registros recuperados: 9
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 09:49:33

Distribution and Causes of Global Forest Fragmentation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wade, Timothy G; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; wade.timothy@epa.gov; Riitters, Kurt; U.S. Forest Service; kriitters@fs.fed.us; Wickham, James D; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; wickham.james@epa.gov; Jones, K. Bruce; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory; jones.bruce@epa.gov.
Because human land uses tend to expand over time, forests that share a high proportion of their borders with anthropogenic uses are at higher risk of further degradation than forests that share a high proportion of their borders with non-forest, natural land cover (e.g., wetland). Using 1-km advanced very high  resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite-based land cover, we present a method to separate forest fragmentation into natural and anthropogenic components, and report results for all inhabited continents summarized by World Wildlife Fund biomes. Globally, over half of the temperate broadleaf and mixed forest biome and nearly one quarter of the tropical rainforest biome have been fragmented or removed by humans, as opposed to only 4% of the boreal...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Forest fragmentation; Forest pattern; Global; Risk assessment; Targeting.
Ano: 2003

MIMOC: A global monthly isopycnal upper-ocean climatology with mixed layers
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Schmidtko, Sunke; Johnson, Gregory C.; Lyman, John M.
A monthly, isopycnal/mixed-layer ocean climatology (MIMOC), global from 0 to 1950dbar, is compared with other monthly ocean climatologies. All available quality-controlled profiles of temperature (T) and salinity (S) versus pressure (P) collected by conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) instruments from the Argo Program, Ice-Tethered Profilers, and archived in the World Ocean Database are used. MIMOC provides maps of mixed layer properties (conservative temperature, , absolute salinity, SA, and maximum P) as well as maps of interior ocean properties (, SA, and P) to 1950dbar on isopycnal surfaces. A third product merges the two onto a pressure grid spanning the upper 1950dbar, adding more familiar potential temperature () and practical salinity (S) maps....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climatology; Global; Temperature; Salinity; Mapping; Objective mapping.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49447/49930.pdf

Argo Data 1999–2019: Two Million Temperature-Salinity Profiles and Subsurface Velocity Observations From a Global Array of Profiling Floats
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Wong, Annie P. S.; Wijffels, Susan E.; Riser, Stephen C.; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Hosoda, Shigeki; Roemmich, Dean; Gilson, John; Johnson, Gregory C.; Martini, Kim; Murphy, David J.; Scanderbeg, Megan; Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya; Buck, Justin J. H.; Merceur, Frederic; Carval, Thierry; Maze, Guillaume; Cabanes, Cécile; André, Xavier; Poffa, Noe; Yashayaev, Igor; Barker, Paul M.; Guinehut, Stéphanie; Belbéoch, Mathieu; Ignaszewski, Mark; Baringer, Molly O'Neil; Schmid, Claudia; Lyman, John M.; Mctaggart, Kristene E.; Purkey, Sarah G.; Zilberman, Nathalie; Alkire, Matthew B.; Swift, Dana; Owens, W. Brechner; Jayne, Steven R.; Hersh, Cora; Robbins, Pelle; West-mack, Deb; Bahr, Frank; Yoshida, Sachiko; Sutton, Philip J. H.; Cancouët, Romain; Coatanoan, Christine; Dobbler, Delphine; Juan, Andrea Garcia; Gourrion, Jerome; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Bernard, Vincent; Bourlès, Bernard; Claustre, Hervé; D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio; Le Reste, Serge; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Rannou, Jean Philippe; Saout-grit, Carole; Speich, Sabrina; Thierry, Virginie; Verbrugge, Nathalie; Angel-benavides, Ingrid M.; Klein, Birgit; Notarstefano, Giulio; Poulain, Pierre-marie; Vélez-belchí, Pedro; Suga, Toshio; Ando, Kentaro; Iwasaska, Naoto; Kobayashi, Taiyo; Masuda, Shuhei; Oka, Eitarou; Sato, Kanako; Nakamura, Tomoaki; Sato, Katsunari; Takatsuki, Yasushi; Yoshida, Takashi; Cowley, Rebecca; Lovell, Jenny L.; Oke, Peter R.; Van Wijk, Esmee M.; Carse, Fiona; Donnelly, Matthew; Gould, W. John; Gowers, Katie; King, Brian A.; Loch, Stephen G.; Mowat, Mary; Turton, Jon; Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi; Ravichandran, M.; Freeland, Howard J.; Gaboury, Isabelle; Gilbert, Denis; Greenan, Blair J. W.; Ouellet, Mathieu; Ross, Tetjana; Tran, Anh; Dong, Mingmei; Liu, Zenghong; Xu, Jianping; Kang, Kiryong; Jo, Hyeongjun; Kim, Sung-dae; Park, Hyuk-min.
In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Global; Ocean; Pressure; Temperature; Salinity; Argo; Profiling; Floats.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76377/77385.pdf

A census of marine life: Unknowable or just unknown?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Decker, Cj; O'Dor, R.
As an introduction to the entire volume, this article outlines the relationships among the five elements of the Census of Marine Life (CoML) that create new knowledge: (1) The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), a marine component of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, links marine databases around the world to provide an Internet accessible, dynamic interface for comparing species-level, geo-referenced biodiversity data in relation to ocean habitats. The entire CoML field project data will be managed in and accessible through OBIS. (2) The History of Marine Animal Populations (HMAP) is a unique new synthesis of historical and biological research that will document marine biodiversity, globally, up to 500 years ago, before significant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biodiversité; Recensement; Recherche; Biogéographie; Biodiversity; Census; Global; Research; Biogeography.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00322/43299/43035.pdf

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) sea surface distributions simulated from a global three-dimensional ocean carbon cycle model
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Aumont, Olivier; Belviso, Sauveur; Monfray, Patrick.
[1] A global model for surface dimethylsulfide (DMS) and particulate dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) (pDMS) distributions is presented. The main goals of this work were to be able to predict the regional distribution of the air-sea fluxes of DMS and to predict eventually their future evolution with climate change. Diagnostic relationships have been established from data sets obtained during the ALBATROSS and EUMELI cruises carried out in the Atlantic Ocean. These equations nonlinearly relate DMS and pDMSP concentrations to chlorophyll concentrations and to the trophic status of surface waters. This model has been embedded in the global ocean carbon cycle model Institut Pierre et Simon Laplace-Ocean Carbon Cycle Model version 2 (ISPL-OCCM2), a simple...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean; Biogeochemistry; Ecosystem modeling; DMS; Global.
Ano: 2002
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00223/33448/31824.pdf

On the Future of Argo: A Global, Full-Depth, Multi-Disciplinary Array
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Roemmich, Dean; Alford, Matthew H.; Claustre, Hervé; Johnson, Kenneth; King, Brian; Moum, James; Oke, Peter; Owens, W. Brechner; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Purkey, Sarah; Scanderbeg, Megan; Suga, Toshio; Wijffels, Susan; Zilberman, Nathalie; Bakker, Dorothee; Baringer, Molly; Belbeoch, Mathieu; Bittig, Henry C.; Boss, Emmanuel; Calil, Paulo; Carse, Fiona; Carval, Thierry; Chai, Fei; Conchubhair, Diarmuid Ó.; D’ortenzio, Fabrizio; Dall’olmo, Giorgio; Desbruyeres, Damien; Fennel, Katja; Fer, Ilker; Ferrari, Raffaele; Forget, Gael; Freeland, Howard; Fujiki, Tetsuichi; Gehlen, Marion; Greenan, Blair; Hallberg, Robert; Hibiya, Toshiyuki; Hosoda, Shigeki; Jayne, Steven; Jochum, Markus; Johnson, Gregory C.; Kang, Kiryong; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Körtzinger, Arne; Traon, Pierre-yves Le; Lenn, Yueng-djern; Maze, Guillaume; Mork, Kjell Arne; Morris, Tamaryn; Nagai, Takeyoshi; Nash, Jonathan; Garabato, Alberto Naveira; Olsen, Are; Pattabhi, Rama Rao; Prakash, Satya; Riser, Stephen; Schmechtig, Catherine; Schmid, Claudia; Shroyer, Emily; Sterl, Andreas; Sutton, Philip; Talley, Lynne; Tanhua, Toste; Thierry, Virginie; Thomalla, Sandy; Toole, John; Troisi, Ariel; Trull, Thomas W.; Turton, Jon; Velez-belchi, Pedro Joaquin; Walczowski, Waldemar; Wang, Haili; Wanninkhof, Rik; Waterhouse, Amy F.; Waterman, Stephanie; Watson, Andrew; Wilson, Cara; Wong, Annie P. S.; Xu, Jianping; Yasuda, Ichiro.
The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a global array of about 4000 profiling floats. Argo provides continuous observations of ocean temperature and salinity versus pressure, from the sea surface to 2000 dbar. The successful installation of the Argo array and its innovative data management system arose opportunistically from the combination of great scientific need and technological innovation. Through the data system, Argo provides fundamental physical observations with broad societally-valuable applications, built on the cost-efficient and robust technologies of autonomous profiling floats. Following recent advances in platform and sensor technologies, even greater opportunity exists now than 20 years ago to (i)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Argo; Floats; Global; Ocean; Warming; Circulation; Temperature; Salinity.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00509/62043/66192.pdf

Ocean Temperature and Salinity Contributions to Global and Regional Sea-Level Change (Chapter 6)
Provedor de dados: 5
This chapter contains sections titled:   Introduction   Direct Estimates of Steric Sea-Level Rise   Estimating Steric Sea-Level Change Using Ocean Syntheses   Inferring Steric Sea Level from Time-Variable Gravity and Sea Level   Modeling Steric Sea-Level Rise   Conclusions and Recommendations   Acknowledgments   References
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean temperature and salinity contributions - global and regional sea-level changes oceans; Central component of climate systems - storing; Transporting quantities of heat expendable bathythermograph (XBT) - and upper-ocean temperature profiles World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) - quality; Global; Top- to bottom survey of ocean temperature and salinity estimating steric sea-level change - using ocean syntheses Simple Ocean Data Analysis (SODA) model Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission 20th-century climate and project 21st-century climate simulations - using coupled AOGCMs coupled AOGCMs; Mechanisms behind - global average and regional sea-level changes increased spatial resolution; In resolving continental shelves and semi-enclosed seas.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00087/19846/17496.pdf

Generating Global Crop Distribution Maps: From Census to Grid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Wood,   Stanley; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike.
In order to evaluate food security, technology potential and the environmental impacts of production in a strategic and regional context, it is critical to have reliable information on the spatial distribution and coincidence of people, agricultural production, and environmental services. This paper proposes a spatial allocation model for generating highly disaggregated, crop-specific production data by a triangulation of any and all relevant background and partial information. This includes national or sub-national crop production statistics, satellite data on land cover, maps of irrigated areas, biophysical crop suitability assessments, population density, secondary data on irrigation and rainfed production systems, cropping intensity, and crop prices....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global; Cross entropy; Satellite image; Spatial allocation; Agricultural production; Crop suitability; Crop Production/Industries; C6; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25737

Geographic Distribution of Renewable Energy Sector Industries: An Analysis Using Recent Developments in Industry Concentration Measurement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Register,   D. Lane; Lambert,   Dayton M.; English,   Burton C.; Jensen,   Kimberly L.; Menard,   R. Jamey; Wilcox,   Michael D.
Recent developments in firm location analysis are applied to explore the concentration patterns of firms making up the green energy sectors in 2002 and 2006. A two-step procedure is applied in this analysis. First, Guimarães, Figueiredo, and Woodward’s spatial adaption of Ellison and Glaeser’s industry concentration index are applied to estimate the degree to which firms making up the so-called green energy sectors tend to exhibit concentration. In the second stage, the spatial distribution of concentration is analyzed using a statistical framework, also suggested by Guimarães, Figueiredo, and Woodward. Preliminary results suggest that green energy subsectors exhibit significant global concentration, but localized concentration appears to be random.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global; Local; Industry concentration measures; Green energy sectors; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C21; L20.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124038