Consulta: subjectFacets:"Greenhouse gases"
Registros recuperados: 72
Data/hora: 06/06/2024 00:50:21

POTENTIAL OF REDUCTION IN THE EMISSION OF METHANE AND NITROUS OXIDE FROM SWINE WASTEWATER AFTER TREATED BY TWO DIFFERENT SYSTEMS
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Inoue,Keles R. A.; Souza,Cecília De F.; Matos,Antonio T.; Sousa,Marilú S.; Vieira,Maria De F. A.
ABSTRACT Swine wastewater have high pollution load, requiring treatment before its disposal into the environment. Methane (CH4) potentially emitted for such waste is considered 21 times more polluting than Carbon dioxide (CO2), and the nitrous oxide (N2O) is considered 310 times. In this way, projects of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and energy use related to the CH4 are worldwide diffused. It was evaluated the potential greenhouse gas emissions in the influent and effluent from digesters and stabilization ponds used to treat the swine wastewaters in two commercial farms operating in full cycle, located in the municipality of Oratorios-MG, Brazil. Using the methodology “AM0006” to estimate the average potential of greenhouse gases, it was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gases; Air pollution; Swine; Waste management.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162016000601198

1º Inventário das emissões de gases de efeito estufa do município de Rio Branco, Acre: série 2012-2016.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: COSTA, F. de S.; AMARAL, E. F. do; MELO, C. S. de; MARTINS, D. A.
Este inventário apresenta sugestões a partir dos resultados obtidos para mudanças estruturais no município objetivando reduzir as emissões, como, por exemplo, aumentar a robustez e a intercomunicação dos bancos de dados setoriais. A abordagem dada ao inventário permitiu demonstrar a tendência temporal de cada sumidouro/fonte de gases de efeito estufa por setor da matriz de produção do município e, portanto, prever o que assumir como prioridade para redução das emissões e/ou aumento da capacidade do sumidouro.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Uso de la tierra; Desechos sólidos; Rio Branco (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Mudança Climática; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Estoque; Estimativa; Resíduo Solido.; Veiculo; Eliminação de Resíduo; Uso da Terra; Energia Elétrica; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1117560

Gases de efeito estufa da queima de cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo: 1990 a 2015.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LIMA, M. A. de; LUIZ, A. J. B.; NEVES, M. C.
Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta as estimativas atualizadas de emissões de metano (CH4), monóxido de carbono (CO), óxido nitroso (N2O) e óxidos de nitrogênio (NOx) provenientes da queima da cana-de-açúcar no estado de São Paulo com relação ao período de 1990 a 2015, utilizando os Documentos Orientadores (Guidelines) sobre Elaboração de Inventários de Emissão de Gases de Efeito Estufa do Painel Intergovernamental de Mudança do Clima - IPCC, de 2006. Em referência a 1990 foram estimadas emissões de 58,51 Gg de CH4, 1993,55 Gg de CO, 1,52 Gg de N2O e 54,17 Gg de NOx, reduzindo a 32,58 Gg de CH4, 1.110,14 Gg de CO, 0,84 Gg de N2O e 30,17 Gg de NOx em 2015. As emissões totais estimadas concernentes a 2015 correspondem a uma redução de 44,3% em relação a 1990....
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Óxido nitroso; Monóxido de carbono; Efeito estufa; Cana de açúcar; Queimada; Metano; Inventário científico; Greenhouse gases; Sugarcane; Burning; Climate change; Inventories.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1068087

Sequestro de carbono e mitigação de emissões de gases de efeito estufa pela adoção de sistemas integrados.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ASSAD, E. D.; MARTINS, S. C.; CORDEIRO, L. A. M.; EVANGELISTA, B. A.
Introdução. As fontes de emissões na agricultura. Os gases de efeito estufa. O dióxido de carbono equivalente (CO2eq). O que é o GTP e o GWP? Como ocorrem as remoções de gases na agricultura? Potencial de mitigação de gases de efeito estufa via ILPF. Considerações finais.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Gases do efeito estufa; Emissão de GEE; Integração lavoura-pecuária floresta; ILPF; Crop-livestock-forest integration; Agricultura; Agriculture; Greenhouse gases; Greenhouse gas emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1113072

Estratégias nutricionais para grupos genéticos localmente adaptados ao Semiárido brasileiro visando a mitigação de gases de efeito estufa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ROGERIO, M. C. P.; GUEDES, L. F.; ALVES, A. A.; POMPEU, R. C. F. F.; FERREIRA, M. I. C.; ALVES, F. G. da S.; COSTA, C. dos S.; BOMFIM, M. A. D.; GUEDES, F. L.
Este comunicado técnico tem como objetivo indicar estratégias nutricionais como mitigadoras de gases de efeito estufa, aplicadas em grupos genéticos localmente adaptados ao Semiárido brasileiro. Além disso, objetiva-se reforçar para a comunidade formas e ferramentas tecnológicas para a produção sustentável de ovinos no trópico Semiárido.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Combretum leprosum; Mitigação; Mofumbo; Semiárido; Brasil; Ovino; Mudança Climática; Produção Animal; Alimento Para Animal; Metano; Mucuna Preta; Leguminosa Forrageira; Stizolobium Aterrimum; Caatinga; Sheep; Small ruminants; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Ruminant nutrition; Brazil.; Semiarid soils.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1117108

MDL e a construção do conhecimento em quantificações de redução de emissões de GEEs: da proposta inicial ao programa de atividades.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MOZZER, G. B.; PELLEGRINO, G. Q.
Catalisando ideias, inovações, tecnologias e sustentabilidade. Escolhas necessárias para a viabilização de um novo modelo. O processo de construção política do MDL. Entrada em vigor do Protocolo de Quioto. Caracterização da dinâmica e trâmite de metodologias de grande escala no setor florestal e convencional. Desafios impostos ao longo do período de operacionalização do MDL (2001-2016). Compromissos voluntários e suas sinergias com o MDL no contexto do acordo de Paris.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Protocolo de Quioto; Mudança Climática; Climate change; Global warming; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1104560

Inventário de emissões antrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do Estado do Acre: ano-base 2010.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: COSTA, F. de S.; AMARAL, E. F. do; BUTZKE, A. G.; NASCIMENTO, S. da S.
Circunstâncias estaduais; Inventário das emissões atrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do Estado do Acre; Descrição das providências previstas ou tomas para a implementação da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sovre mudança do clima no Acre.
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Desechos sólidos; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Uso de la tierra; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental.; Mudança Climática; Eliminação de Resíduo; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Estoque; Estimativa; Energia Elétrica; Uso da Terra; Resíduo Solido.; Veiculo; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/928097

Mapa de biomassa seca acima do solo da Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda, município de Feijó, estado do Acre.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: OLIVEIRA, M. V. N. d'; MELO, A. W. F. de; AMARAL, E. F. do; HAVERROTH, M.
O projeto da Embrapa Acre junto à TIKNO buscou estudar o etnoconhecimento e as práticas ligados aos recursos naturais e à agrobiodiversidade, promover sua valorização por meio de ações de intercâmbio e troca de saberes, investir em melhorias dos sistemas produtivos e extrativistas, na conservação de recursos genéticos e nos serviços ecossistêmicos.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Uso de la tierra; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Povos indígenas; Pueblos indígenas; Forest maps; Mapas forestales; Biomasa aérea; Servicios ecosistémicos; Sistema de Incentivos a Serviços Ambientais (Sisa); Terra Indígena Kaxinawá de Nova Olinda (TIKNO); Feijó (AC); ISA Carbono; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Uso da Terra; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Planejamento Florestal; Biomassa; Parte Aérea; Mapa; Políticas Públicas; Land use; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Indigenous peoples; Aboveground biomass; Public policy; Ecosystem services.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1121756

Clay minerals in the topics: improving nitrogen fertilizer efficiency.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BERNARDI, A. C. de C.; POLIDORO, J. C.; MONTE, M. B. de M.; PEREIRA, E. I.; OLIVEIRA, C. R. de; RAMESH, K.
Tropical soils require liming and a balanced nutrient supply to ensure high crop yield and quality. An adequate agronomic nutrient management involves balanced nutrition and fertilizers are the key factor.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Plant soil atmosphere system; Nitrogen efficiency; Fertilizers; Nitrogen fertilizers; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1121658

Levantamento bibliométrico de tecnologias de captura de gás carbônico de fontes energéticas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: VAZ JUNIOR, S.; SOUZA, A. P. R. de; BAETA, B. E. L.
Resumo: O gás carbônico (CO2), ou dióxido de carbono, é um gás gerado tanto por fontes naturais quanto por fontes antrópicas, como a agricultura e a queima de combustíveis fósseis para a geração de energia. Na atualidade, ele é visto como o principal contribuinte para o aumento do efeito estufa, levando ao aquecimento global. Portanto, o desenvolvimento de tecnologiasde captura e uso desse gás são de grande importância para a mitigação dos gases do efeito estufa (GEE) e redução de seus efeitos ambientais negativos. Neste Boletim são apresentados e discutidos os resultados obtidos do levantamento bibliométrico para posicionamento do Brasil frente às tecnologias de captura de dióxido de carbono de fontes energéticas. Tal levantamento foi precedido de uma...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Aquecimento global; Gases do efeito estufa; Precificação de carbono; Captura química; Bioenergia; Dióxido de Carbono; Efeito Estufa; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Greenhouse effect; Carbon dioxide; Global carbon budget.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1132558

Report on developing bottom-up Marginal Abatement Cost Curves (MACCS) for representative farm types.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EORY, V.; MACLEOD, M.; FAVERDIN, P.; O´BRIEN, D.; SILVA, R. de O.; BARIONI, L. G.; ALBERTINI, Z.; TOPP, K.; FERNANDES, F. A.; MORAN, D.; HUTCHINGS, N.; STIENEZEN, M.; SHALOO, L.; REES, R. M.; MOGENSEN, L.; LUND, P.; BRASK, M.; DOREAU, M.; GARCIA-LAUNAY, F.; DOURMAD, J. Y.; BENDAHAN, A. B.; VELOSO, R. F.; GONZALEZ, R. D. S.
bitstream/item/177181/1/D11.2-Report-on-developing-bottom-up-MACCs-for-representative-farm-types-0263D69D-63D3-4EA3-A333-EDA004AFDFCB1.pdf
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mitigação; Efeito Estufa; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1091669

Inventário de emissões antrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do Estado do Acre: ano-base 2014.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; BARDALES, N. G.; MARTORANO, L. G.; COSTA, F. de S.; MELO, A. W. F. de; ARAÚJO, E. A. de; MATTOS, J. C. P.; OLIVEIRA, M. V. N. d'; VALENTIM, J. F.; OLIVEIRA, C. H. A. de; LANI, J. L.
Para a quantificação das emissões de GEE, a elaboração de um inventário é a ferramenta mais utilizada pelos governos e instituições privadas. Esse compreende a quantificação de GEE emitidos como decorrência das atividades diretas e indiretas de uma organização ou território e contabiliza a emissão de todas as fontes definidas em grupos de atividades associadas a uma empresa ou território. Esse guia fornece os subsídios para a elaboração de inventários de emissões de GEE por empresas e organizações diversas. Os gases considerados em seu escopo estão no Protocolo de Quioto: dióxido de carbono (CO2), metano (CH4), óxido nitroso (N2O), hexafluoreto de enxofre (SF6), hidrofluorcarbonos (HFCs), perfluorcarbonos (PFCs). Este inventário apresenta as estimativas...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Uso de la tierra; Desechos sólidos; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Mudança Climática; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Estoque; Estimativa; Energia Elétrica; Veiculo; Uso da Terra; Eliminação de Resíduo; Resíduo Solido; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1105534

Evolução do uso e desmatamento evitado na Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda, Feijó, AC, Brasil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AMARAL, E. F. do; OLIVEIRA, M. V. N. d'; MELO, A. W. F. de; OLIVEIRA, C. H. A. de; HAVERROTH, M.
Este fôlder mostra a síntese dos resultados para estabelecimento de níveis de referência à Terra Indígena Kaxinawá Nova Olinda (TIKNO) e indica caminhos para uma estratégia de alinhamento das emissões evitadas em uma terra protegida.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Servicios ecosistémicos; Sistema de Incentivos a Serviços Ambientais (Sisa); ISA Carbono; Níveis de referência; Uso de la tierra; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Pueblos indígenas; Povos indígenas; Terra Indígena Kaxinawá de Nova Olinda (TIKNO); Feijó (AC); Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental; Uso da Terra; Efeito Estufa; Carbono; Políticas Públicas; Land use; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Indigenous peoples; Public policy; Ecosystem services.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1121675

Web platform for geospatial information: aplications for GeoPECUS project.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BETTIOL, G. M.; MOURA, L.; NOGUEIRA, S. F.; DRUCKER, D. P.; OLIVEIRA, P. P. A.; QUARTAROLI, C. F.; RODRIGUES, C. A. G.; SILVA, G. B. S. da.
The aim of this article is to describe and report how the GeoPECUS project is using the standards and rules established by the Brazilian National SDI to publish and organize the geospatial data produced by the PECUS Research Network.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: PECUS; Gases de efeito estufa.; Zoneamento agrícola; Pecuária.; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1057945

Sequestro de carbono e mitigação de emissões de gases de efeito estufa pela adoção de sistemas integrados.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ASSAD, E. D.; MARTINS, S. C.; CORDEIRO, L. A. M.; EVANGELISTA, B. A.
Introdução. As fontes de emissões na agricultura. Os gases de efeito estufa. O dióxido de carbono equivalente (CO2eq). O que é o GTP e o GWP? Como ocorrem as remoções de gases na agricultura? Potencial de mitigação de gases de efeito estufa via ILPF. Considerações finais.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Gases do efeito estufa; Emissão de GEE; Integração lavoura-pecuária floresta; ILPF; Crop-livestock-forest integration; Agricultura; Agriculture; Greenhouse gases; Greenhouse gas emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1112696

Inventário de emissões antrópicas e sumidouros de gases de efeito estufa do estado do Acre: ano-base 2012.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: COSTA, F. de S.; AMARAL, E. F. do.
O Acre é o primeiro estado da Amazônia a ter um Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE) e o quarto do Brasil a ter este instrumento, que aqui se transforma numa base de dados eficiente para monitorar e avaliar as fontes e sumidouros no estado. O inventário de GEE contabiliza de maneira precisa as emissões de carbono, constituindo-se um instrumento de trabalho para pesquisadores, estudantes, técnicos e tomadores de decisão envolvidos em ações de mitigação e adaptação às mudanças climáticas, a partir da implementação de programas, planos de ação ou projetos, de acordo com os princípios e critérios estabelecidos. O inventário está estruturado em dois capítulos. No primeiro capítulo são apresentadas as estimativas setoriais (energia ? termelétricas;...
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Inventário de Gases de Efeito Estufa (GEE); Sumidouros de gases; Emissões antrópicas; Vehicles; Uso de la tierra; Western Amazon; Amazonia Occidental.; Cambio climático; Efecto invernadero; Gases de invernadero; Reservorios de carbono; Actividades antropogénicas; Estimación del riesgo; Desechos sólidos; Acre; Amazônia Ocidental; Mudança Climática; Efeito Estufa; Resíduo Solido.; Estoque; Estimativa; Eliminação de Resíduo; Uso da Terra; Energia Elétrica; Veiculo; Carbono; Climate change; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Carbon sinks; Risk estimate; Anthropogenic activities; Electric power industry; Land use; Solid wastes.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1008120

Greenhouse Gas and Animal Agriculture Conference: proceedings of the 7th GGAA - august 4th to 8th, Iguassu Falls/Brazil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BERNDT, A.; PEREIRA, L. G. R.; PEREIRA, L. G. R.
The Greenhouse Gas and Animal Agriculture Conference (GGAA) is the premier international conference summarising the collective state of scientific knowledge on greenhouse gas abatement strategies and production systems adaptation needs for the livestock sector. The gathering features leading scientists and policymakers reviewing the current state of knowledge and presenting significant new developments in policy, measurement, modelling, mitigation and adaptation efforts associated with greenhouse gases from animal agriculture. The Conference takes place every 3 years, moving from continent to continent at each edition. The first conference, GGAA2003, was held in Japan with 200 delegates from 20 countries. Five subsequent GGAA conferences have been...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Gás de efeito estufa; Baixo carbono; Agricultura de Precisão; Precision agriculture; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1116059

Modelo para amostragem e avaliação de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) em reservatórios com produção aquícola.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, M. G. da; PACKER, A. P.; ALVALÁ, P. C.; MARANI, L.; SAMPAIO, F. G.
Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo a abordagem do protocolo para amostragem e determinação de fluxo de gases de efeito estufa GEE na interface água-atmosfera e concentração de GEE dissolvidos na água para aplicação em corpos d?água com produção aquícola. A metodologia apresentada neste trabalho é sugerida em razão do fácil manuseio, obtenção de dados confiáveis e utilização de equipamentos de baixo custo quando comparada com outras metodologias.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Gases de efeito estufa; Piscicultura; Efeito Estufa; Amostragem; Método de Pesquisa; Greenhouse gases; Sampling; Methodology.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1104647

Analyzing Large Paleoclimate Datasets: Implications for Past and Future Climate Change.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Shakun, Jeremy D.
This dissertation presents the results of statistical analyses of large climate datasets from two time intervals – the 20th century instrumental record and the proxy record of the last deglaciation – in order to understand the forcings and mechanisms of past climate variability. A longstanding question in climate dynamics concerns the origin of Pacific decadal variability (PDV). This issue is addressed by calculating the Southern Hemisphere equivalent of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index from Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the 20th century, which is found to be similar to its Northern Hemisphere counterpart. The Northern and Southern PDO indices both exhibit pronounced seasonality in autocorrelation with interannual...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: El Nino-Southern Oscillation; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Paleoclimate; Deglaciation; Ocean circulation; Milankovitch; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2010
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00495/60654/64151.pdf

Monitoring and interpreting the ocean uptake of atmospheric CO2
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Watson, Andrew J.; Metzl, Nicolas; Schuster, Ute.
The oceans are an important sink for anthropogenically produced CO2, and on time scales longer than a century they will be the main repository for the CO2 that humans are emitting. Our knowledge of how ocean uptake varies (regionally and temporally) and the processes that control it is currently observation-limited. Traditionally, and based on sparse observations and models at coarse resolution, ocean uptake has been thought to be relatively invariant. However, in the few places where we have enough observations to define the uptake over periods of many years or decades, it has been found to change substantially at basin scales, responding to indices of climate variability. We illustrate this for three well-studied regions: the equatorial Pacific, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: CO2; Carbon cycle; Greenhouse gases; Atmospheric oxygen.
Ano: 2011
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25561/23702.pdf

Climate change projections using the IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model: from CMIP3 to CMIP5
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dufresne, J-l.; Foujols, M-a.; Denvil, S.; Caubel, A.; Marti, O.; Aumont, Olivier; Balkanski, Y.; Bekki, S.; Bellenger, H.; Benshila, R.; Bony, S.; Bopp, L.; Braconnot, P.; Brockmann, P.; Cadule, P.; Cheruy, F.; Codron, F.; Cozic, A; Cugnet, D.; De Noblet, N.; Duvel, J-p.; Ethe,; Fairhead, L.; Fichefet, T.; Flavoni, S.; Friedlingstein, P.; Grandpeix, J-y.; Guez, L.; Guilyardi, E.; Hauglustaine, D.; Hourdin, F.; Idelkadi, A.; Ghattas, J.; Joussaume, S.; Kageyama, M.; Krinner, G.; Labetoulle, S.; Lahellec, A.; Lefebvre, M; Lefevre, F.; Levy, C.; Li, Zhanbin; Lloyd, J.; Lott, F.; Madec, G.; Mancip, M.; Marchand, M; Masson, S.; Meurdesoif, Y.; Mignot, J.; Musat, I.; Parouty, S.; Polcher, J.; Rio, C; Schulz, M.; Swingedouw, D.; Szopa, S.; Talandier, Claude; Terray, P.; Viovy, N.; Vuichard, N.
We present the global general circulation model IPSL-CM5 developed to study the long-term response of the climate system to natural and anthropogenic forcings as part of the 5th Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). This model includes an interactive carbon cycle, a representation of tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, and a comprehensive representation of aerosols. As it represents the principal dynamical, physical, and bio-geochemical processes relevant to the climate system, it may be referred to as an Earth System Model. However, the IPSL-CM5 model may be used in a multitude of configurations associated with different boundary conditions and with a range of complexities in terms of processes and interactions. This paper...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Climate; Climate change; Climate projections; Earth System Model; CMIP5; CMIP3; Greenhouse gases; Aerosols; Carbon cycle; Allowable emissions; RCP scenarios; Land use changes.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00138/24966/23079.pdf

Biochar and soil nitrous oxide emissions
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Alho,Carlos Francisco Brazão Vieira; Cardoso,Abmael da Silva; Alves,Bruno José Rodrigues; Novotny,Etelvino Henrique.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of biochar application on soil nitrous oxide emissions. The experiment was carried out in pots under greenhouse conditions. Four levels of ground commercial charcoal of 2 mm (biochar) were evaluated in a sandy Albaqualf (90% of sand): 0, 3, 6, and 9 Mg ha-1. All treatments received 100 kg ha-1 of N as urea. A cubic effect of biochar levels was observed on the N2O emissions. Biochar doses above 5 Mg ha-1 started to mitigate the emissions in the evaluated soil. However, lower doses promote the emissions.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lignocellulosic residues; Greenhouse gases; Pyrolysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2012000500013

Enteric methane in grazing beef cattle under full sun, and in a silvopastoral system in the Amazon
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Frota,Marcílio Nilton Lopes da; Carneiro,Maria Socorro de Souza; Pereira,Elzânia Sales; Berndt,Alexandre; Frighetto,Rosa Toyoko Shiraishi; Sakamoto,Leandro Sannomiya; Moreira Filho,Miguel Arcanjo; Cutrim Júnior,José Antônio Alves; Carvalho,Geraldo Magela Côrtes.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of pasture and enteric methane (CH4) emission of Curraleiro Pé-duro x Nellore cattle in a pasture of Megathyrsus maximus 'Mombaça', both in full sun and in a consortium with babassu palms (Attalea spp.) in the Amazonian biome. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six steers per system, and the evaluations were done during the dry period (2015) and rainy period (2016). In comparison to forage in the full sun system, forage in the silvopastoral system showed, in the dry period, higher levels of crude protein, ether extract, total digestible nutrient, and in vitro digestible organic matter, and lower levels of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total carbohydrate (TCHO)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: CH4; Curraleiro Pé-duro; Greenhouse gases; Livestock farming; Nellore.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2017001101099

Methane emission factor of open deposits used to store swine slurry in Southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Sardá,Luana Goulart; Higarashi,Martha Mayumi; Nicoloso,Rodrigo da Silveira; Oliveira,Paulo Armando Victória de; Falkoski,Camila; Ribeiro,Stephanie Mayara Siega; Coldebella,Arlei.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to contribute to the establishment of a baseline for the methane emission factor for the management of swine manure, considering the current practice of raw manure storage in two open deposits in parallel, in Southern Brazil. Methane (CH4) emissions were continuously measured in three PVC tanks of 3 m3, during 180 days, in the summer. As the content of volatile solids of pig slurry ran out in approximately 130 days, the CH4 emission factor was calculated as B0= 0.48 m3kg-1VS. Although this value is higher than the B0 estimated by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for Latin America (0.29 m3 kg-1 VS), it is in agreement with the B0 estimated for developed countries (0.45 and 0.48 m3 kg-1 VS, for the US and EU,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Animal production; Emission factor; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Waste management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018000600657

Nitrogen availability, water-filled pore space, and N2O-N fluxes after biochar application and nitrogen fertilization
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Carvalho,Márcia Thaís de Melo; Madari,Beáta Emoke; Bastiaans,Lammert; Oort,Pepijn Adrianus Johannes van; Leal,Wesley Gabriel de Oliveira; Souza,Diego Mendes de; Santos,Roberto Carlos dos; Matsushige,Iva; Maia,Aline de Holanda Nunes; Heinemann,Alexandre Bryan; Meinke,Holger.
Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate the impact of the application of wood biochar, combined with N fertilizations, on N2O-N fluxes, nitrogen availability, and water-filled pore space (WFPS) of a clayey Oxisol under rice (wet season) and common bean (dry season) succession. Manual static chambers were used to quantify N2O-N fluxes from soil immediately after a single application of wood biochar (32 Mg ha-1) and after four crop seasons with N applications (90 kg ha-1 N). Soil ammonium (N-NH4+) and nitrate (N-NO3-) availability, as well as WFPS, was measured together with N2O-N fluxes. There was no interaction between biochar and N fertilization regarding N2O-N fluxes in any of the four seasons monitored, although these fluxes were clearly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cropping systems; Gas fluxes; Greenhouse gases; Nitrate and ammonium; Soil amendment; Soil porosity.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000901203

Allocation of CO2 Emissions Allowances in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Kahn,   Danny.
Cap-and-trade programs for air emissions have become the widely accepted, preferred approach to cost-effective pollution reduction. One of the important design questions in a trading program is how to initially distribute the emissions allowances. Under the Acid Rain program created by Title IV of the Clean Air Act, most emissions allowances were distributed to current emitters on the basis of a historic measure of electricity generation in an approach known as grandfathering. Recent proposals have suggested two alternative approaches: allocation according to a formula that is updated over time according to some performance metric in a recent year (the share of electricity generation or something else) and auctioning allowances to the highest bidders....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Sulfur dioxide; Nitrogen oxides; Mercury; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10650

Erfassung, Bewertung und Minderung von Treibhausgasemissionen des deutschen Agrar- und Ernährungssektors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Osterburg,   Bernhard; Nieberg,   Hiltrud; Ruter,   Sebastian; Isermeyer,   Folkhard; Haenel,   Hans-Dieter; Hahne,   Jochen; Krentler,   Jan-Gerd; Paulsen,   Hans Marten; Schuchardt,   Frank; Schweinle,   Jorg; Weiland,   Peter.
Zusammenfassung: In dieser Studie werden Treibhausgasemissionen (THG) aus der deutschen Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft analysiert und Möglichkeiten zu ihrer Reduzierung erörtert. Darüber hinaus wird die Eignung von Ökobilanzen für die Bewertung von Produktionsverfahren und Produkten untersucht. In Kapitel 2 werden theoretische Grundlagen für die Umsetzung von Klimaschutzpolitiken erörtert. Als Bilanzierungs- und Analysemethoden werden die Emissionsberichterstattung, die umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnungen, Ökobilanzen (Life Cycle Assessment) und Carbon Footprints vorgestellt. Es folgt in Kapitel 3 eine Analyse der THG-Emissionen des deutschen Agrar- und Ernährungssektors nach Quellgruppen der Klimaberichterstattung sowie in Bezug auf Produktionsprozesse...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Klimawandel; Treibhausgase; Landwirtschaft; Kohlenstoff Fußabdruck; Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Agriculture; Carbon footprint; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q1 (Q18); Q 5 (Q51; Q 52; Q 54).
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103666

Are there Carbon Savings from US Biofuel Policies? Accounting for Leakage in Land and Fuel Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bento,   Antonio M.; Klotz,   Richard; Landry,   Joel R.
This paper applies the insights of the carbon leakage literature to study the emissions consequences of biofuel policies. We develop a simple analytic framework to decompose the intended emissions impacts of biofuel policy from four sources of carbon leakage: domestic fuel markets, domestic land markets, world land markets and world crude oil markets. A numerical simulation model illustrates the magnitude of each source of leakage for combinations of two current US biofuel policies: the Volumetric Ethanol Excise Tax Credit (VEETC) and the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). In the presence of both land and fuel market leakage, current US biofuel policies are unlikely to reduce greenhouse gases. Four of the five policy scenarios we consider lead to increases in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multi-market; Carbon leakage; Biofuels; Greenhouse gases; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104008

Greenhouse Gas Emission Factor Module: Land Use in Rural New Zealand—Climate Version 1
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hendy,   Joanna; Kerr,   Suzi.
Several different New Zealand economic models produce measures of rural economic activity that have greenhouse gas implications. For climate change analysis, models need to translate economic activity into greenhouse gas emissions. This document estimates functions and creates projections for land-use related greenhouse gas emissions per unit of economic activity that are simple; are based on readily available data and strong science; are consistent with the national inventory in 2002; evolve so that implied net emissions approximately match past inventory totals (1990–2002); and can be linked easily to a variety of models so they can be used in simulations. We estimate dynamic greenhouse gas emission functions for five land uses: dairy, sheep, beef,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Carbon dioxide; Scrub; Forest; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98501

The Carbon Challenge for Mixed Enterprise Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kingwell,   Ross S.
As part of its climate change policy the Australian government has introduced a Mandatory Renewable Energy Target (MRET) scheme and is also attempting to introduce a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS). Using as a case study a main agricultural region of Australia, this paper examines how farming systems in this region may be affected by the medium term policy settings of these two schemes. A bio-economic model of the region’s farming systems is developed and used to assess the schemes’ impacts on the nature and profitability of the farming systems. Results show a range of profit and enterprise impacts across the range of farming systems. Farms as providers of biomass for electricity generation and small users of electricity are liable to benefit from...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Greenhouse gases; Economic modelling; Sequestration; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97169

Land-Use Change and Carbon Sinks: Econometric Estimation of the Carbon Sequestration Supply Function
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Plantinga,   Andrew J.; Stavins,   Robert N.
When and if the United States chooses to implement a greenhouse gas reduction program, it will be necessary to decide whether carbon sequestration policies - such as those that promote forestation and discourage deforestation - should be part of the domestic portfolio of compliance activities. We investigate the cost of forest-based carbon sequestration. In contrast with previous approaches, we econometrically examine micro-data on revealed landowner preferences, modeling six major private land uses in a comprehensive analysis of the contiguous United States. The econometric estimates are used to simulate landowner responses to sequestration policies. Key commodity prices are treated as endogenous and a carbon sink model is used to predict changes in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Abatement; Carbon; Climate change; Costs; Forestry; Greenhouse gases; Land use; Land-use change; Sequestration; Land Economics/Use; Q540; Q230; Q240; Q150.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10561

Environmental Governance, Globalisation and Economic Performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Increasing globalisation of economic activity and accompanying economic growth have been factors in the worldwide loss of natural environments and biodiversity loss, and these losses have accelerated since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, Emissions of many types of pollutants and wastes from human activity are rising globally and are exceeding the capacity of natural environments to absorb and neutralize them. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the quality and size of some natural sinks for neutralizing them (such as forests) are declining. Consequently, these wastes are accumulating in many environments and pose a growing threat to human welfare and to sustainable economic development. There are, for instance, global concerns about...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental economics; Environmental governance; Environmental law; Environmental regulation; Globalisation; Global warming; Greenhouse gases; Transboundary pollution; Transboundary natural resources.; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55341

Low Emission Farming Systems: A whole-farm analysis of the potential impacts of greenhouse policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kingwell,   Ross S.; Metcalf,   Tess.
The Australian government is introducing a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in 2010, as part of its climate change policy. After 2015 agriculture may be covered by this scheme. This paper examines how different broadacre farming systems may be affected by the policy settings of this scheme. Using the bio-economic farming systems model MIDAS (Model of an Integrated Dryland Agricultural System) the impacts of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme on the profitability of different broadacre farming systems in the southwest of Australia are investigated. Results show a range of profit and enterprise impacts across the various farm types. In a scenario where agriculture is not covered by the scheme, reductions in profit range from 7 to 12 percent, attributable...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Greenhouse gases; Economic modelling; Abatement.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48162

Analyse ausgewählter internationaler Studien und Dokumente in Hinblick auf Kosten und  Potentiale der Minderung von Treibhausgasemissionen sowie des Aufbaus und der Erhaltung von C-Senken im deutschen Agrar- und Forstsektor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Osterburg,   Bernhard; Roder,   Norbert; Elsasser,   Peter; Dieter,   Matthias; Krug,   Joachim.
Zusammenfassung: In dieser Studie werden Dokumente der Europäischen Kommission zur künftigen Klimaschutzstrategie, eine Studie von McKinsey sowie ein UNFCCC-Papier in Hinblick auf Aussagen zu Klimaschutzmaßnahmen im Agrar- und Forstbereich untersucht. Die EU-Dokumente lassen einen steigenden politischen Handlungsbedarf für den Klimaschutz auch außerhalb des Treibhausgasemissions-Handelssystems (EU-ETS) erwarten. Die anderen beiden Dokumente geben Einschätzungen zu weltweiten Klimaschutzpotentialen wieder, und die Ergebnisse sind nur sehr eingeschränkt auf Deutschland anwendbar. In Kapitel 3 werden erste Ergebnisse einer Literaturanalyse zu Potentialen und Kosten von Maßnahmen im Agrarbereich dargestellt. Die Literaturanalyse ergab keine umfassenden, für...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Klimaschutz; Treibhausgase; Kosten; Landwirtschaft; Forstwirtschaft; Climate protection; Greenhouse gases; Cost; Agriculture; Forestry; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q1 (Q18); Q2 (Q23); Q5 (Q51; Q 52; Q 54).
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104009

Easy winnings? The economics of carbon sequestration in agricultural soils
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kragt,   Marit Ellen; Pannell,   David J.; Robertson,   Michael J.
Paper removed temporarily by authors 11/28/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Bio-economic modelling; Greenhouse gases; Soil carbon; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100575

Auctioning Greenhouse Gas Emissions Permits in Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Betz,   Regina; Seifert,   Stefan; Cramton,   Peter; Kerr,   Suzi.
Allocating permits based on individual historical emissions (‘grandfathering’), or industry benchmark data, is an important design aspect of an emissions trading scheme. Free permit allocation has proven complex and inefficient (particularly in the European Union) with distribution implications also politically difficult to justify. For these reasons, auctioning emissions permits has become more popular than allocating permits.   The European Union is now moving towards auctioning more than 50 per cent of all permits in 2013. In the US, the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) has started with auctioning 100 per cent of permits. The Australian proposal for a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) also provides for auctioning a significant share of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate policy; Greenhouse gases; Auctions; Emissions trading; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94878

An Experimental Analysis of Auctioning Emission Allowances Under a Loose Cap
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shobe,   William; Palmer,   Karen L.; Myers,   Erica; Holt,   Charles; Goeree,   Jacob K.; Burtraw,   Dallas.
The direct sale of emission allowances by auction is an emerging characteristic of cap-and-trade programs. This study is motivated by the observation that all of the major implementations of cap-and-trade regulations for the control of air pollution have started with a generous allocation of allowances relative to recent emissions history, a situation we refer to as a “loose cap.” Typically more stringent reductions are achieved in subsequent years of a program. We use an experimental setting to investigate the effects of a loose cap environment on a variety of auction types. We find that all auction formats studied are efficient in allocating emission allowances, but auction revenues tend to be lower relative to competitive benchmarks when the cap is...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Auction; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Allowance trading; Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative; RGGI; Cap and trade; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90827

Air Emissions of Ammonia and Methane from Livestock Operations: Valuation and Policy Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shih,   Jhih-Shyang; Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Siikamaki,   Juha.
The animal husbandry industry is a major emitter of methane, which is an important greenhouse gas. The industry is also a major emitter of ammonia, which is a precursor of fine particulate matter, arguably the number-one environment-related public health threat facing the nation. We present an integrated process model of the engineering economics of technologies to reduce methane and ammonia emissions at dairy operations in California. Three policy options are explored: greenhouse gas offset credits for methane control, particulate matter offset credits for ammonia control, and expanded net metering policies to provide revenue for the sale of electricity generated from captured methane gas. Individually, any of these policies appears to be sufficient to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Methane; Ammonia; Carbon dioxide; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Offset; Particulate matter; Net metering; Environmental policy; CAFO; Manure management; Biodigester; Electricity; Global warming; Cost-benefit; Incentive approach; Livestock Production/Industries; Q2; Q4; Q53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10749

CO2 Allowance Allocation in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and the Effect on Electricity Investors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Kahn,   Danny; Palmer,   Karen L.
The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is an effort by nine Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states to develop a regional, mandatory, market-based cap-and-trade program to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the electricity sector. The initiative is expected to lead to an increase in the price of electricity in the RGGI region and beyond. The implications of these changes for the value of electricity-generating assets and the market value of the firms that own them depends on the initial allocation of carbon dioxide allowances, the composition of generating assets owned by the firm, and the locations of those assets. Changes in asset values inside the RGGI region may be positive or negative, whereas changes outside of the RGGI region are almost...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Air pollution; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation-performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Asset value; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10495

Climate Change Policy and the Adoption of Methane Digesters on Livestock Operations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Methane digesters—biogas recovery systems that use methane from manure to generate electricity—have not been widely adopted in the United States because costs have exceeded benefits to operators. Burning methane in a digester reduces greenhouse gas emissions from manure management. A policy or program that pays producers for these emission reductions—through a carbon offset market or directly with payments—could increase the number of livestock producers who would profit from adopting a methane digester. We developed an economic model that illustrates how dairy and hog operation size, location, and manure management methods, along with electricity and carbon prices, could influence methane digester profits. The model shows that a relatively moderate...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Methane; Methane digesters; Manure; Livestock; Climate change; Greenhouse gases; Carbon offset; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102758

Using Carbon Offsets to Fund Agricultural Conservation Practices in a Working-Lands Setting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reeling,   Carson J.; Gramig,   Benjamin M.
The nitrogen cascade concept indicates that agriculture serves as a significant link between emissions of the potent greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide and losses of nitrate-N to surface waters.  Conservation practices have the potential to exploit this link, as their implementation is found to reduce fluxes of GHGs and nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution.  Several studies have recognized this link and have documented the potential to improve environmental quality through the use of programs which retire land, the cost of which can be offset by the sale of carbon credits.  However, the ability to use land for both agricultural production and environmental conservation is important.  As such, this study provides a novel analytical framework that is used...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gases; Nonpoint source pollution; Agricultural conservation practices; DAYCENT; SWAT; Genetic algorithm; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103577

The Ten-Year Rule: Allocation of Emission Allowances in the EU Emission Trading System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahman,   Markus; Burtraw,   Dallas; Kruger,   Joseph; Zetterberg,   Lars.
In its guidance on National Allocation Plans (NAPs), the European Commission has discouraged Member States from adopting allocation methodologies that would provide incentives to firms affecting their compliance behavior. The purpose is to promote economic efficiency and to prevent strategic behavior that deviates from individual and collective cost-minimization. For example, some methodologies would reward one type of compliance investment over another. To discourage such actions, the EU Emission Trading System guidelines prohibit ex post redistribution of emission allowances within an allocation period based on behavior in that period. Similarly, the Commission has indicated that decisions about the initial distribution of allowances in the second phase...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emission trading; Allowance allocations; Closures; New entrants; Tradable permits; Air pollution; Cost-effectiveness; Greenhouse gases; Climate change; Global warming; Carbon dioxide; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10637

Combining Rate-Based and Cap-and-Trade Emissions Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Carolyn.
Rate-based emissions policies (like tradable performance standards) fix average emissions intensity, while cap-and-trade policies fix total emissions. This paper shows that unfettered trade between rate-based and cap-and-trade programs always raises combined emissions, except when product markets are related in particular ways. Gains from trade are fully passed on to consumers in the rate-based sector, resulting in more output and greater emissions allocations. We consider a range of policy options to offset the expansion, including unilateral ones when jurisdictional differences require. The cap-and-trade jurisdiction could impose an "exchange rate" to adjust for relative permit values, but marginal abatement cost equalization is sacrificed. Still, that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emissions trading; Permit allocation; Tradable performance standards; Climate; Greenhouse gases; Environmental Economics and Policy; H23; H3; Q2; Q48.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10713

Nitrous Oxide Emissions in No-Tillage Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Crops Are Increased by Oilseed Radish Cover Crop and Poultry Manure Application
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Müller Júnior,Vilmar; Koucher,Leoncio de Paula; Souza,Monique; Lima,Andria Paula; Kurtz,Claudinei; Couto,Rafael da Rosa; Lovato,Paulo Emílio; Giacomini,Sandro José; Brunetto,Gustavo; Comin,Jucinei José.
ABSTRACT The use of cover crops and poultry manure (PM) is an alternative to reduce the use of synthetic inputs and can contribute to the nutrient cycling in onions ( Allium cepa L.) grown under a no-tillage system. However, this management practice may contribute to an increase in N2O emissions to the atmosphere. The aims of this study were to evaluate the immediate effect on N2O emissions of adding PM onto cover crop residues and to verify the effect of different no-tillage systems on N2O emissions. Two studies (laboratory and field) were conducted with the addition of oilseed radish (OR), black oat (BO), and weed (WD) residues with and without PM under a no-tillage (NT) system. Emission of N2O (kg ha-1) was influenced by the different residue-management...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: N2O; Nitrogen; Cover crop residue; Organic fertilizer; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832019000100511

Soil CH4 and N2O Emissions from Rice Paddy Fields in Southern Brazil as Affected by Crop Management Levels: a Three-Year Field Study
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Zschornack,Tiago; Rosa,Carla Machado da; Reis,Cecília Estima Sacramento dos; Pedroso,Gabriel Munhoz; Camargo,Estefânia Silva; Santos,Daiane Carvalho dos; Boeni,Madalena; Bayer,Cimélio.
ABSTRACT Rice yield increases in response to improvements in crop management, but the impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the subtropical region of Southern Brazil remains unknown. A three-year field study was developed aiming to evaluate the impact that an increase in crop management levels (high and very high) has on soil methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, as compared to the level (medium) currently adopted by farmers in Southern Brazil. Differences in crop management included seed and fertilizer rates, irrigation, and pesticide use. The effect of crop management levels on the annual partial global warming potential (pGWP = CH4 × 25 + N2O × 298) ranged from 7,547 to 17,711 kg CO2eq ha−1 and this effect was larger than on the rice...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Entisols; Flooded rice; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Yield-scaled.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832018000100516

Carbon dioxide efflux in a rhodic hapludox as affected by tillage systems in southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Chavez,Luis Fernando; Amado,Telmo Jorge Carneiro; Bayer,Cimélio; La Scala,Newton Junior; Escobar,Luisa Fernanda; Fiorin,Jackson Ernani; Campos,Ben-Hur Costa de.
Agricultural soils can act as a source or sink of atmospheric C, according to the soil management. This long-term experiment (22 years) was evaluated during 30 days in autumn, to quantify the effect of tillage systems (conventional tillage-CT and no-till-NT) on the soil CO2-C flux in a Rhodic Hapludox in Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil. A closed-dynamic system (Flux Chamber 6400-09, Licor) and a static system (alkali absorption) were used to measure soil CO2-C flux immediately after soybean harvest. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured simultaneously with CO2-C flux, by Licor-6400 soil temperature probe and manual TDR, respectively. During the entire month, a CO2-C emission of less than 30 % of the C input through soybean crop residues...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: No-till; Greenhouse gases; Soil temperature; Soil moisture.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832009000200010

Postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from a subtropical oxisol as influenced by summer crop residues and their management
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Escobar,Luisa Fernanda; Amado,Telmo Jorge Carneiro; Bayer,Cimélio; Chavez,Luis Fernando; Zanatta,Josiléia Acordi; Fiorin,Jackson Ernani.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the most important non-CO2 greenhouse gas and soil management systems should be evaluated for their N2O mitigation potential. This research evaluated a long-term (22 years) experiment testing the effect of soil management systems on N2O emissions in the postharvest period (autumn) from a subtropical Rhodic Hapludox at the research center FUNDACEP, in Cruz Alta, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Three treatments were evaluated, one under conventional tillage with soybean residues (CTsoybean) and two under no-tillage with soybean (NTsoybean) and maize residues (NTmaize). N2O emissions were measured eight times within 24 days (May 2007) using closed static chambers. Gas flows were obtained based on the relations between gas concentrations in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Global warming; Subtropical soils; Greenhouse gases; Soil tillage; Crop rotation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832010000200024

Long-term C-CO2 emissions and carbon crop residue mineralization in an oxisol under different tillage and crop rotation systems
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Campos,Ben-Hur Costa de; Amado,Telmo Jorge Carneiro; Tornquist,Carlos Gustavo; Nicoloso,Rodrigo da Silveira; Fiorin,Jackson Ernani.
Soil C-CO2 emissions are sensitive indicators of management system impacts on soil organic matter (SOM). The main soil C-CO2 sources at the soil-plant interface are the decomposition of crop residues, SOM turnover, and respiration of roots and soil biota. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impacts of tillage and cropping systems on long-term soil C-CO2 emissions and their relationship with carbon (C) mineralization of crop residues. A long-term experiment was conducted in a Red Oxisol in Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil, with subtropical climate Cfa (Köppen classification), mean annual precipitation of 1,774 mm and mean annual temperature of 19.2 ºC. Treatments consisted of two tillage systems: (a) conventional tillage (CT) and (b) no tillage (NT) in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Management systems; No tillage; Conventional tillage; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000300017

Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from flood-irrigated rice by no incorporation of winter crop residues into the soil
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Zschornack,Tiago; Bayer,Cimélio; Zanatta,Josiléia Acordi; Vieira,Frederico Costa Beber; Anghinoni,Ibanor.
Winter cover crops are sources of C and N in flooded rice production systems, but very little is known about the effect of crop residue management and quality on soil methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. This study was conducted in pots in a greenhouse to evaluate the influence of crop residue management (incorporated into the soil or left on the soil surface) and the type of cover-crop residues (ryegrass and serradella) on CH4 and N2O emissions from a flooded Albaqualf soil cultivated with rice (Oryza sativa L.). The closed chamber technique was used for air sampling and the CH4 and N2O concentrations were analyzed by gas chromatography. Soil solution was sampled at two soil depths (2 and 20 cm), simultaneously to air sampling, and the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gases; Flooded rice; Soil management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000200031

BIOCHAR: PYROGENIC CARBON FOR AGRICULTURAL USE - A CRITICAL REVIEW
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Novotny,Etelvino Henrique; Maia,Claudia Maria Branco de Freitas; Carvalho,Márcia Thaís de Melo; Madari,Beáta Emöke.
Biochar (carbonized biomass for agricultural use) has been used worldwide as soil amendment and is a technology of particular interest for Brazil, since its "inspiration" is from the historical Terra Preta de Índios(Amazon Dark Earth), and also because Brazil is the world's largest charcoal producer, generating enormous residue quantities in form of fine charcoal and due to the availability of different residual biomasses, mainly from agroindustry (e.g., sugar-cane bagasse; wood and paper-mill wastes; residues from biofuel industries; sewage sludge etc), that can be used for biochar production, making Brazil a key actor in the international scenario in terms of biochar research and utilization). In the last decade, numerous studies on biochar have been...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil amendments; Carbon sequestration; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000200321

Effects of feed restriction and forage:concentrate ratio on digestibility, methane emission, and energy utilization by goats
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Lima,Ana Rebeca Castro; Fernandes,Marcia Helena Machado da Rocha; Teixeira,Izabelle Auxiliadora Molina de Almeida; Frighetto,Rosa Toyoko Shiraishi; Bompadre,Thiago Francisco Ventoso; Biagioli,Bruno; Meister,Naomi Cristina; Resende,Kléber Tomás de.
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to to evaluate how feed restriction and different forage:concentrate ratios affect digestibility, methane emission (using the SF6 technique), and energy utilization of Anglo-Nubian goats. Fifteen (15) dry and non-pregnant Anglo Nubian goats, averaging 30±2.9 kg body weight, were used. The experiment was divided into two trials, the first of which was designed to study the effects of feed restriction (0% or ad libitum; 15% of feed restriction or equivalent to 85% of ad libitum intake; and 40% of feed restriction or equivalent to 60% of ad libitum intake) and the second, to study the effects of forage:concentrate (F:C) ratios (75:25, 54:46, and 25:75) in the diet. The sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas method was used to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gases; Ruminants; SF6.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982016001200781

Alternatives for methane emission mitigation in livestock systems
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Lascano,Carlos E.; Cárdenas,Edgar.
Human activities are contributing to Global Climate Change through the production of Green House Gases (GHG), which result in increased air, land and ocean temperatures and extreme changes in precipitation in regions of low and high rainfall. The most important GHG's are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). It is estimated that 18 % of the annual GHG emissions come from different types of livestock and that 37% of CH4, with higher global warming potential (23) relative to CO2 (1), comes from fermentation processes in ruminants. It is possible that in the future beef and milk exports from producing countries is subject to bans if cattle systems do not comply with measures to reduce GHG. There are several alternatives available and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Defaunation; Feed chemical additives; Genetic transformation of bacteria; Greenhouse gases; Immunization; Saponins; Tannins.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001300020

Attractants for automated emission measurement (Greenfeed®) in pasture-based systems
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Mombach,Mircéia Angele; Carvalho,Perivaldo de; Cabral,Luciano da Silva; Rodrigues,Renato de Aragão Ribeiro; Torres,Renato Cristiano; Pereira,Dalton Henrique; Pedreira,Bruno Carneiro e.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and intensity of GreenFeed (GF) use by Nellore steers using different attractants in pastures of integrated systems. The attractant protein supplement and Tifton bermudagrass pelleted hay flavored with vanilla were evaluated over a period of 15 days. The pelleted hay stimulated the animals to stay longer in the equipment (24.23 s), with 8% more visits in intervals longer than 30 s in contrast to protein supplement. This indicates that pelleted hay flavored with vanilla is a potential attractant to encourage Nellore steers to visit GF in grazing systems.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Enteric methane; Greenhouse gases; Integrated systems; Mitigation; Sustainable intensification.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982018000100703

Intake, performance and estimated methane production of Nellore steers fed soybean grain
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Messana,Juliana Duarte; Canesin,Roberta Carrilho; Fiorentini,Giovani; Reis,Ricardo Andrade; Arcuri,Pedro Braga; Berchielli,Telma Teresinha.
The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrient intake, performance, estimated methane production and carcass characteristics of steers fed diets containing three different levels of soybean grain: 0, 120 and 230 g/kg on the dry matter (DM). The study was conducted on eighteen castrated Nellore males with an average initial body weight (BW) of 370±12 kg in a completely randomized design, with three treatments and six repetitions. Intake of dry matter (DMI, kg/day) and crude protein tended to decrease linearly, and the intake of ether extract increased linearly in response to the soybean grain levels in the diet. Levels of soybean grain in the diet did not affect DMI (g/kg of BW), final average weight, average daily weight gain, feed efficiency and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carcass yield; Fat thickness; Greenhouse gases; Lipids; Loin eye area; Weight gain.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982014001200662

Local food: benefits and failings due to modern agriculture
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Coelho,Fábio Cunha; Coelho,Enilce Maria; Egerer,Monika.
ABSTRACT: This paper aims to examine the issue raised by the consumption of locally produced food in all its various aspects, and in particular, addresses how this practice contributes to local and global sustainability. It analyzes the different definitions of local food, the strategies used, the implications of the distance traveled in the transportation of food to the consumer's table – food miles, the relationships between local food consumption and sustainability, farming practices that reduce carbon emissions, contribution of urban agriculture to local food, local trading of food produced by rural farmers, as well as a number of relationships between the consumption of local food and human nutrition and health, local food protection and the ability...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Food consumption; Food miles; Greenhouse gases; Sustainability.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162018000100084

Yield-scaled global warming potential of two irrigation management systems in a highly productive rice system
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Tarlera,Silvana; Capurro,María Cristina; Irisarri,Pilar; Scavino,Ana Fernández; Cantou,Guillermina; Roel,Alvaro.
ABSTRACT Water management impacts both methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from rice paddy fields. Although controlled irrigation is one of the most important tools for reducing CH4emission in rice production systems it can also increase N2O emissions and reduce crop yields. Over three years, CH4 and N2O emissions were measured in a rice field in Uruguay under two different irrigation management systems, using static closed chambers: conventional water management (continuous flooding after 30 days of emergence, CF30); and an alternative system (controlled deficit irrigation allowing for wetting and drying, AWDI). AWDI showed mean cumulative CH4 emission values of 98.4 kg CH4 ha−1, 55 % lower compared to CF30, while no differences in nitrous...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gases; Emissions; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Mitigation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162016000100043

CH4 and N2O fluxes from planted forests and native Cerrado ecosystems in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Oliveira,Alexsandra Duarte de; Ribeiro,Fabiana Piontekowski; Ferreira,Eloisa Aparecida Belleza; Malaquias,Juaci Vitoria; Gatto,Alcides; Zuim,Diana Regazzi; Pinheiro,Luciano de Almeida; Pulrolnik,Karina; Soares,João Paulo Guimarães; Carvalho,Arminda Moreira de.
ABSTRACT Forest soils are N2O sources and commonly act as CH4 sinks. This study evaluated the dynamics of the CH4 and N2O fluxes of soils under Eucalyptus plantations and native Cerrado vegetation, as well as possible interactions between environmental factors and fluxes. The study was carried out in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, during 26 months, in three areas: in two stands of the hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis, planted in 2011 (E1), and in 2009 (E2) and native Cerrado vegetation (CE). Measurements to determine the fluxes in a closed static chamber were carried out from Oct 2013 to Nov 2015. Soil and climate factors were monitored. During the study period, the mean CH4 fluxes were –22.48, –8.38 and –1.31 μg CH4 m–2 h–1 and the mean N2O...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus; Greenhouse gases; Forest stand age; Savanna.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162021000100302

In vitro degradation and total gas production of byproducts generated in the biodiesel production chain
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Morais, Raissa Kiara oliveira de; Silva, Aderbal Marcos de Azevedo; Bezerra, Leilson Rocha; Carneio, Heloisa; Moreira, Milenna Nunes; Medeiros, Fabiola Franklin de.
This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro degradation and total gas production of different oil seed press cakes from a biodiesel production chain gas through the use of a semi-automatic technique of gas production in vitro. The treatments consisted of substituting elephant grass in increasing levels, 0%, 30, 50 and 70%, with the byproducts of Gossyypium hirsutum, Ricinus communis, Moringa oleifeira, Jatropha curcas and Helianthus annus. The oil seed press cakes of Moringa oleifeira had the highest rate of in vitro degradation of dry matter compared with other foods but did not result in a higher final volume of gases production. Gossyypium hirsutum, Pinhão manso curcas and Ricinus communis showed a higher in vitro degradability of similar dry matter. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nutriçaão de Ruminantes; Produção Animal degradability; Gossypium hirsutum; Greenhouse gases; Ricinus communis; Ruminal fermentation.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/26309

Energy use and CO2 emissions of eggplant production in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay.
The energy use and CO2 emissions of eggplant production in the Philippines were analyzed from data collected from 202 eggplant farmers randomly selected from the two major producing provinces of Pangasinan and Quezon, Philippines. Accordingly, the input and output energy of eggplant production were 77,342.09 MJ/ha and 233,905.50 MJ/ha, respectively. Diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer contributed the largest share of energy used in eggplant production. Most of the input energy was utilized in preharvest operations among which the application of fertilizer and water irrigation consumed the largest energy. The energy ratio and energy productivity were 3.02 and 0.51 kg/MJ, respectively. Direct and indirect forms of energy constituted 60.93% and 39.07%,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy in Agriculture eggplant; Carbon; Energy; Greenhouse gases; Global warming potentials.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3453

Evaluation of additive for reducing gaseous emissions from swine waste
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Sanjay B. Shah; NC State University; Praveen Kolar; Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Additives can reduce gaseous emissions from swine waste lagoons and pits.  We have demonstrated for the first time that an additive has the potential to reduce methane emission from an anaerobic swine lagoon.  ManureMax®, a humate product was evaluated for its ability to reduce gas and odor emissions from swine anaerobic lagoon and barn flush-water.  Four treatments, Control (no additive), Low (label dosage), Medium (50% higher than label dosage), and High (200% higher than label dosage) were applied to inclined pipes installed in a swine lagoon.  While the Medium and High treatments were not effective, the Low treatment reduced methane, 2-butanone, and tetrahydrofuran concentrations by 34%, 44%, and 57%, respectively vs. the Control in the pipe headspace....
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Environmental engineering; Air quality; Greenhouse gases; Animal waste Hog; Mesocosm-scale; Methane; 2-butanone; Tetrahydrofuran; Volatile fatty acids; Toluene.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2111

Chamber measurement methods and aeration effect on greenhouse gas fluxes during composting
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Park, Kyu-Hyun; Ngwabie, Ngwa Martin; Wagner-Riddle, Claudia.
Composting has the potential to mitigate methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from manure.  The heterogeneous nature of emitting surfaces makes it difficult to quantify these emissions.  CH4 and N2O fluxes measured using eight small chambers (0.72 m2) and a mega chamber (90 m2) were compared, and the effect of aeration on the fluxes during composting was studied.  Two batches of compost were placed in three channels and 2-3 small flux chambers were deployed on each channel.  The channels were enclosed by a building serving as a mega chamber.  Chamber location significantly affected gas fluxes, pointing to strong spatial heterogeneity.  Mean CH4 fluxes from the small chambers were similar or 1.4 times higher compared to the mega chamber.  Mean...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chamber; Compost; Greenhouse gases; Aeration; Flux.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2467

Evaluation of Environmental Effects in Producing Three Main Crops (Corn, Wheat and Soybean) Using Life Cycle Assessment
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Ghasempour, Atena; ahmadi, ebrahim.
Today, environmental pollution and greenhouse gases emissions are one of the human society challenges which is attracted many countries, scientists and researchers attention. To control and reduce the pollution needed to track the environmental impact during the production of the desired product. Since the world's population is growing, the demand for food has increased. Therefore, the agricultural industry required to appropriate policy management to reduce the environmental impacts for producing the healthier products. LCA approach specifies the environmental impact during the production of the interest product. In addition, three crops of corn, wheat and soybean were announced as ten of world's first listwith universal value. Therefore, producing these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environmental impacts; SimaPro; Greenhouse gases; Life cycle assessment; Acidification; Photochemical oxidation.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4687

Environmental performance of farmer-level corn production systems in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay; Dela Cruz, Renita S. M.; Antolin, Ma Cecilia R.
Four corn production systems at farmer-level of operation were evaluated. Environmental performance such as energy use, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emission (GHG) and carbon efficiency were determined. Data were collected from 60 corn producing farmers using survey questionnaires and face to face interview. The input energy to produce an output energy of 69,714.06 and 73,029.60 MJ/ha for sun drying and mechanical drying, respectively, were 22,346.27, 31, 469.75, 22, 399.05 and 31,522.53 MJ/ha for systems 1 (manual harvesting and sun drying), 2 (manual harvesting and mechanical drying), 3 (mechanical harvesting and sun drying) and 4 (mechanical harvesting and mechanical drying), respectively.  The highest energy input was observed for system 4...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering; Energy and Environmental Engineering corn; Carbon; Energy; Global warming potential; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3568

Life cycle assessment of a portable assembly biogas unit used for treating food, kitchen and landscape wastes
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Samer, Mohamed.
The biogas unit under investigation is a specially designed portable assembly biogas unit and is sought to be widespread and commonly used in Egypt by the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). This unit is able to anaerobically treat different types of organic wastes, which are: food waste, kitchen waste, and waste from landscape. The main objective of this study is to perform an environmental impact evaluation of the implementation of this biogas unit. The specific greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of using the produced biogas from the unit for electricity and heat generation were calculated, where the methodology of life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied. The results show the GHG emissions for each component of the biogas unit and each process...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Life cycle analysis; Biogas units; Food waste; Kitchen waste; Landscape waste; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/7047

Emissions inventory of greenhouse gases and ammonia from livestock housing and manure management
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Mohamed Samer; Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Engineering.
An emission inventory is a database on the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere.  The anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are detrimental to the environment and the ecosystems.  Therefore, reducing emissions is crucial. One key issue is to inventory these emissions, and consequently databases on anthropogenic emissions will be available for making decisions on implementing suitable mitigation strategies.  Such investigations aim at developing national emissions inventory for domestic livestock and to identify possible abatement techniques in order to reduce these emissions.  Therefore, the objectives of this study are to introduce and define the emissions inventories, review the emission inventory guides, introduce...
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Agricultural buildings and bioenvironmental engineering emissions inventory; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Ammonia; Particulate matter; Livestock buildings; Manure; Emission factors; Emissions abatement techniques.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2449

Energy use and CO2 emissions of sweet potato production in Tarlac, Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay; Dela Cruz, Renita SM.; R. Antolin, Ma. Cecilia.
In this study, the energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of sweet potato production in Tarlac, Philippines were evaluated. Data were collected from 180 farmers using structured survey questionnaires and face to face interview. Accordingly, the total input and output energy of sweet potato production was 29326.78 and 53885.90 MJ ha-1, respectively. Chemical fertilizers and diesel fuel provided the biggest portion of the total energy consumption in sweet potato production. The energy use efficiency, specific energy and energy productivity was 1.84, 1.95 MJ kg-1 and 0.51 kg MJ-1. Indirect and non-renewable forms of energy dominated the share of the total input energy. The total GHG emission of sweet potato production was 1432.18 kg CO2eq ha-1 (0.095 kg...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering; Energy and Environmental Engineering sweet potato; Energy; Greenhouse gases; Carbon dioxide.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3461

Chamber measurement methods and aeration effect on greenhouse gas fluxes during composting
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Kyu-Hyun Park; Ngwa Martin Ngwabie; University of Guelph; Claudia Wagner-Riddle.
Composting has the potential to mitigate methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from manure. &amp;nbsp;The heterogeneous nature of emitting surfaces makes it difficult to quantify these emissions. &amp;nbsp;CH4 and N2O fluxes measured using eight small chambers (0.72 m2) and a mega chamber (90 m2) were compared, and the effect of aeration on the fluxes during composting was studied. &amp;nbsp;Two batches of compost were placed in three channels and 2-3 small flux chambers were deployed on each channel. &amp;nbsp;The channels were enclosed by a building serving as a mega chamber. &amp;nbsp;Chamber location significantly affected gas fluxes, pointing to strong spatial heterogeneity. &amp;nbsp;Mean CH4 fluxes from the small chambers were similar or...
Palavras-chave: Chamber; Compost; Greenhouse gases; Aeration; Flux.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2467

Emissions inventory of greenhouse gases and ammonia from livestock housing and manure management
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Samer, Mohamed.
An emission inventory is a database on the amount of pollutants released into the atmosphere.  The anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases are detrimental to the environment and the ecosystems.  Therefore, reducing emissions is crucial. One key issue is to inventory these emissions, and consequently databases on anthropogenic emissions will be available for making decisions on implementing suitable mitigation strategies.  Such investigations aim at developing national emissions inventory for domestic livestock and to identify possible abatement techniques in order to reduce these emissions.  Therefore, the objectives of this study are to introduce and define the emissions inventories, review the emission inventory guides, introduce...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Agricultural buildings and bioenvironmental engineering emissions inventory; Greenhouse gases; Methane; Nitrous oxide; Ammonia; Particulate matter; Livestock buildings; Manure; Emission factors; Emissions abatement techniques.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2449

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 06 in Brazil: the universal access to sanitation as a possible mission
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: DIAS,CINTIA M.M.; ROSA,LUIZ P.; GOMEZ,JOSE M.A.; D’AVIGNON,ALEXANDRE.
ABSTRACT  Sanitation (which includes national public policies for drinking water, sewage services and waste management) is precarious in Brazil and therefore poses a challenge to a range of actors. Poor sanitation impacts public health, education, the environment, and daily life. Globally, it emits increasing greenhouse gases. Universalization of any major public service appears difficult, if not impossible; however, Brazil’s program to universalize access to electricity proves the opposite, as will be shown in this paper. By describing the successful implementation of electricity for everyone, we show that planned public efforts, coordinated with private initiatives and local communities, have worked, and the same can be achieved for the sanitation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Solid Waste (SW); Water; Sewage; Sanitation; Greenhouse gases; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000401337

Air quality assessment in different urban areas from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, using lichen transplants
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: KOCH,NATÁLIA MOSSMANN; LUCHETA,FABIANE; KÄFFER,MÁRCIA ISABEL; MARTINS,SUZANA MARIA DE AZEVEDO; VARGAS,VERA MARIA FERRÃO.
Abstract Based on the need to monitor air pollution and on the importance of doing it with biological organisms, the present work had as main objective to assess air quality in urban areas through lichen transplants. Besides, we also tested whether there were differences among the studied sites, aiming to point out the main pollution characteristics of the areas. The monitoring was carried out in seven cities, which varied from mainly rural to mainly industrial, in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The foliose lichen Parmotrema tinctorum was used as the biomonitor species. Physiological tests and contents of sulphur and heavy metals were measured in the lichen thalli. Other pollutants assessed through air samplers were available for some cities, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Air pollution; Biomonitoring; Greenhouse gases; Heavy metals; Lichenized fungi; Particulate matter.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000502233

CO2 and N2O emissions from an Andisol in Chile under a no-till system using non-fixed closed chambers
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Muñoz,Cristina; Paulino,Leandro; Vera,Jenniffer; Zagal,Erick.
Chile has different types of soil and climate conditions that favor a wide range of agricultural activities that can generate potential atmospheric contamination like greenhouse gases (GHG). Nevertheless, the contribution of agricultural soils to atmospheric emissions has yet to be measured in Chile. The aim of this study was to assess seasonal variability of CO2 and N2O effluxes in situ from a volcanic ash-derived soil under different agronomic management practices. Gas samples were obtained from headspaces of non-fixed closed chambers in an annual crop rotation under a no-till system in an Andisol in southern Chile (36° S). Two N-sources (NH4+ and NO3-) and ammonium fertilization plus two lime doses (0.5 and 1 Mg ha-1) were considered for soil treatments...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gases; Agriculture; Nitrogen; Global change; Air pollution.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000200013

Life cycle assessment as a tool to evaluate the impact of reducing crude protein in pig diets
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Monteiro,Alessandra Nardina Trícia Rigo; Dourmad,Jean-Yves; Pozza,Paulo Cesar.
ABSTRACT:  Environmental impacts of livestock systems, especially pig production, have come under increasing debate in recent years. The challenge is in meeting the growing demand for food at an affordable cost, without compromising environmental integrity. Previous studies have shown that feed production is responsible for the majority of CO2-eq. emission resulting from pig farming systems. This seems to indicate that feed strategies could be an effective tool to achieve the sustainability of the pork chain. Therefore, dietary crude protein reduction, through the addition of industrial amino acids, lessens the nitrogen excretion by pigs and, consequently, could mitigate the effects on the environment of pig production. In this sense, to effectively...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Crude protein; Environmental impact; Global warming potential; Greenhouse gases; Nutrient.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000600653