Consulta: subjectFacets:"HIV-1"
Registros recuperados: 50
Data/hora: 07/06/2024 02:14:24

Study of the CCR5-m303 mutation in three different ethnic groups from Brazil
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Grimaldi,Rogério; Acosta,Angelina Xavier; Cabral-Oliveira,Fernando Cézar; Brites,Carlos; Galvão-Castro,Bernardo.
The main coreceptor gene involved in HIV-1 infection is CCR5 beta chemokine receptor gene for which several mutations have been described, some of which have correlated with HIV-1 infection, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), or both. Deletion of 32bp in the CCR5 gene (delta32) has been shown to confer resistance to infection by HIV-1 R5 strains. Another mutation, characterized by a thymine to adenine (T to A) nucleotide substitution at position 303 (m303), has shown the same effects as the delta32 mutation, with previous studies having shown that the allele frequency of the CCR5-m303 mutation is 0.014 in African-American and 0.007 in French populations. The Brazilian population is known to be genetically diverse, because of which we investigated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: CCR5 gene; M303 frequency; Brazilian populations; HIV-1.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000200006

Non-random pre-transcriptional evolution in HIV-1: a refutation of the foundational conditions for neutral evolution
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Valenzuela,Carlos Y.
The complete base sequence of HIV-1 virus and GP120 ENV gene were analyzed to establish their distance to the expected neutral random sequence. An especial methodology was devised to achieve this aim. Analyses included: a) proportion of dinucleotides (signatures); b) homogeneity in the distribution of dinucleotides and bases (isochores) by dividing both segments in ten and three sub-segments, respectively; c) probability of runs of bases and No-bases according to the Bose-Einstein distribution. The analyses showed a huge deviation from the random distribution expected from neutral evolution and neutral-neighbor influence of nucleotide sites. The most significant result is the tremendous lack of CG dinucleotides (p &lt; 10-50), a selective trait of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Non-random evolution; HIV-1; Bose-Einstein distribution; Pre-transcriptional evolution; Non-random sequences.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000100025

Genetic diversity and prevalence of CCR2-CCR5 gene polymorphisms in the Omani population
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Al-Mahruqi,Samira H.; Zadjali,Fahad; Beja-Pereira,Albano; Koh,Crystal Y.; Balkhair,Abdullah; Al-Jabri,Ali A.
Polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the CCR5 gene affect protein expression and modulate the progress of HIV-1 disease. Because of this prominent role, variations in this gene have been under differential pressure and their frequencies vary among human populations. The CCR2V64I mutation is tightly linked to certain polymorphisms in the CCR5 gene. The current Omani population is genetically diverse, a reflection of their history as traders who ruled extensive regions around the Indian Ocean. In this study, we examined the CCR2-CCR5 haplotypes in Omanis and compared the patterns of genetic diversity with those of other populations. Blood samples were collected from 115 Omani adults and genomic DNA was screened to identify the polymorphic sites in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: CCR2; CCR5; Divergence; Haplotype; HIV-1; Oman.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000100004

VDR polymorphisms influence immunological response in HIV-1+ individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Silva,Ronaldo Celerino da; Alves,Neyla Maria Pereira; Pereira,Jorge José de Souza; Coelho,Antonio Victor Campos; Arraes,Luiz Cláudio; Brandão,Lucas André Cavalcanti; Crovella,Sergio; Silva,Jaqueline de Azevêdo.
Abstract Vitamin D exerts an immuno-modulatory activity on several immune system cells through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Herein, we verified that age and a therapeutic regimen containing protease inhibitors are associated with failures in antiretroviral therapies (ARVs). In addition, we assessed whether a VDR SNP (rs11568820: C allele and CC genotype) and GC (rs2228570-rs11568820) allelic combinations are associated with immunological failure (p &lt; 0.05). Our findings suggest a possible role of VDR SNPs on immunological failure in HIV-1+ individuals undergoing regular ARVs.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: VDR; HIV-1; ARVs; SNPs; CD4 recovery.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572019000300351

Role of Gag and lipids during HIV-1 assembly in CD4(+) T cells and macrophages
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mariani, Charlotte; Desdouits, Marion; Favard, Cyril; Benaroch, Philippe; Muriaux, Delphine M.
HIV-1 is an RNA enveloped virus that preferentially infects CD4(+) T lymphocytes and also macrophages. In CD4(+) T cells, HIV-1 mainly buds from the host cell plasma membrane. The viral Gag polyprotein targets the plasma membrane and is the orchestrator of the HIV assembly as its expression is sufficient to promote the formation of virus-like particles carrying a lipidic envelope derived from the host cell membrane. Certain lipids are enriched in the viral membrane and are thought to play a key role in the assembly process and the envelop composition. A large body of work performed on infected CD4(+) T cells has provided important knowledge about the assembly process and the membrane virus lipid composition. While HIV assembly and budding in macrophages is...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Lipids; Assembly; Gag; CD4(+) T cells; Macrophages.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00344/45490/45040.pdf

Cytokine profile and clinical metabolic alterations in HIV-1 infected individuals with and without lipodistrophy
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Pontes-Cardoso,L. C. R.; Souza,L. R.; Peraçoli,M. T. S.; Pereira,P. C. M.
The extensive use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has transformed HIV infection into a chronic condition. Thus, metabolic alterations including lipodystrophy and dyslipidemia have been associated with the use of such medications. The objective of the present study was to analyze clinical metabolic alterations and the profile of TNF-alpha, IFN-Y, IL-2, IL-10, and TNF-alpha type II soluble receptor in serum of HIV-1 individuals with and without lipodystrophy. Eighty-four adults were evaluated, 42 males and 42 females, mean age 37 years, and HAART time of at least 15 months. Two groups were formed, G1: 42 individuals with lipodystrophy, and G2: 42 without lipodistropy. From the HAART used, stavudine was more associated with the lipodystrophy...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lipodystrophy; HIV-1; Hypertriglyceridemia; Cytokines.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992007000200009

Intestinal microbiota and HIV-1 infection
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Trindade,E. B. S. M.; Souza,L. R.; Lopes,C. A. M.; Pereira,P. C. M.
The intestinal microbiota consists of a qualitatively and quantitatively diverse range of microorganisms dynamically interacting with the host. It is remarkably stable with regard to the presence of microorganisms and their roles which, however, can be altered due to pathological conditions, diet composition, gastrointestinal disturbances and/or drug ingestion. The present review aimed at contributing to the discussion about changes in the intestinal microbiota due to HIV-1 infection, focusing on the triad infection-microbiota-nutrition as factors that promote intestinal bacterial imbalance. Intestinal microbiota alterations can be due to the HIV-1 infection as a primary factor or the pharmacotherapy employed, or they can be one of the consequences of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Intestinal microbiota; Nutrition; Infection; HIV-1.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992007000200003

Lipid profile and body composition of HIV-1 infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Pontes,L. C. R.; Carvalho,L. R.; Souza,L. R.; Trindade,E. B. S. M.; Pereira,P. C. M.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been associated with the development of a clinical group and metabolic disorders such as peripheral lipodystrophy syndrome in AIDS. The aim of this study was to analyze the lipid profile, the clinical aspects, and the body composition of HIV-1 infected individuals treated with or without protease inhibitor (PI) during the highly active antiretroviral therapy. In total, 62 individuals were evaluated in this study; 15 healthy individuals (Control Group: CG), 11 HIV-1 infected individuals treated without antiretroviral therapy (Group 1: G1), 14 HIV-1 infected individuals treated with antiretroviral therapy plus protease inhibitor (Group 2: G2), and 22 HIV-1 infected individuals treated with antiretroviral...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lipodystrophy; HIV-1; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; Dyslipidemia; Hypertriglyceridemia.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000200006

Genetic variability of HIV-1 isolates from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 59
Autores: Proietti,Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro; Barbosa,Edel Figueiredo; Silva,Janaína Guernica; Carvalho,Alex Fiorini de; Kroon,Erna Geessien; Ferreira,Paulo César Peregrino.
We report results of nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the env gene of 11 HIV-1 isolates, in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Ten isolates belonged to HIV-1 subtype B and one was a probable B/F mosaic. This putative B/F recombinant is similar but not identical in its nucleotide sequence to other B/F mosaics described in Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Genome; PCR; AIDS; Hemophiliacs.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000200010

Overview of genotypic and clinical profiles of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Machado,Elizabeth S.; Lambert,John S.; Afonso,Adriana O.; Cunha,Silvia M.; Oliveira,Ricardo H.; Tanuri,Amilcar; Sill,Anne M.; Soares,Marcelo A.
Although mother-to-child HIV transmission prevention has slowed down pediatric HIV infection in developed countries, large numbers of infants still become infected in developing nations. Data on pediatric HIV infection is however largely scarce. In this study, we have overviewed clinical, laboratory and genotypic data from a large cohort of HIV-infected infants regularly followed at two pediatric HIV outpatient clinics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Children on antiretroviral therapy, as well as drug-naïve, newly diagnosed infants were analyzed. Prevalence of drug resistance mutations, as well as immunological and virological responses to therapy were evaluated. Additionally, HIV-1 subtype frequencies and their distribution over the course of the epidemic were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Pediatric; Drug resistance; Clinical; Genotyping; Subtype.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652004000400008

Structural biology of chemokine receptors
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: ROJO,DANIEL; SUETOMI,KATSUTOSHI; NAVARRO,JAVIER.
Chemokine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate migration and activation of leukocytes as an important part of a protective immune response to injury and infection. In addition, chemokine receptors are used by HIV-1 to infect CD4 positive cells. The structural bases of chemokine receptor recognition and signal transduction are currently being investigated. High-resolution X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy of chemokines indicate that all these peptides exhibit a common folding pattern, in spite of its low degree of primary-sequence homology. Chemokines' functional motifs have been identified by mutagenesis studies, and a possible mechanism for receptor recognition and activation is proposed, but high-resolution structure data of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chemokines; G-protein coupled receptors; Inflammation; HIV-1.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97601999000400006

A robust HIV-1 viral load detection assay optimized for Indian sub type C specific strains and resource limiting setting
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Acharya,Arpan; Vaniawala,Salil; Shah,Parth; Parekh,Harsh; Misra,Rabindra Nath; Wani,Minal; Mukhopadhyaya,Pratap N.
BACKGROUND: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) viral load testing at regular intervals is an integral component of disease management in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients. The need in countries like India is therefore an assay that is not only economical but efficient and highly specific for HIV-1 sub type C virus. This study reports a SYBR Green-based HIV-1 real time PCR assay for viral load testing and is designed for enhanced specificity towards HIV-1 sub type C viruses prevalent in India. RESULTS: Linear regression of the observed and reference concentration of standards used in this study generated a correlation coefficient of 0.998 (p&amp;#8201;&lt;&amp;#8201;0.001). Lower limit of detection of the test protocol was 50...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Gag; SYBR Green; RT PCR.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602014000100022

Virologic and immunologic effectiveness of darunavir-based salvage therapy in HIV-1-infected adults in a Brazilian clinical practice setting: results of a multicenter and retrospective cohort study
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Ribeiro,Karina Mota; Biscione,Fernando Martin; Westin,Mateus Rodrigues; Machado,Danielle Pessoa; Greco,Dirceu Bartolomeu; Tupinambás,Unaí.
Background:Darunavir has been proven efficacious for antiretroviral-experienced HIV-1-infected patients in randomized trials. However, effectiveness of darunavir-based salvage therapy is understudied in routine care in Brazil.Methods:Retrospective cohort study of HIV-1-infected patients from three public referral centers in Belo Horizonte, who received a darunavir-based therapy between 2008 and 2010, after virologic failure. Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with viral load &lt;50 copies/mL at week 48. Change in CD4 cell count was also evaluated. Outcome measures were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis applied to observational studies. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of missing data at week 48. Predictors of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; Salvage therapy; Multiple viral drug resistance; Genotyping techniques.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000100001

Evaluation of viral resistance to Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (RTI) in HIV-1-infected patients before and after 6 months of single or double antiretroviral therapy
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Brites,Carlos; Bahia,Fabianna; Gilbert,Mark; Pedroso,Célia; Badaró,Roberto.
We evaluated samples of peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) cells from 46 AIDS patients, before starting therapy with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI), and after 6 months of drug use. PBMC were stored and tested by a Line Probe Assay (LiPA), in order to assess the frequency of RT mutations in this population. Six patients were taking AZT before initial blood collection (1 to 16 weeks of drug use) and 40 patients had no prior therapy. After baseline evaluation, 19 patients received AZT, 23 AZT plus DDI, 3 started AZT only with DDI added after 3 months, and 3 received a combination of AZT plus 3TC. Detection of at least one mutation was found in 33% (15/46) of patients at baseline, and 83% (38/46) had at least 1 mutation after 6 months of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Viral resistance; Brazil.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000400003

Characteristics of co-infections by HCV and HBV among Brazilian patients infected by HIV-1 and/or HTLV-1
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Moreira,Marcia; Ramos,André; Netto,Eduardo M.; Brites,Carlos.
BACKGROUND: The human retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1 share the routes of infection with hepatitis viruses B and C. Co-infection by these agents are a common event, but we have scarce knowledge on co-infection by two or more of these agents. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics and risk factors for co-infections by HBV and HCV in patients infected by HIV-1 or/and HTLV-1, in Salvador, Brazil. METHODS: In a case-control study we evaluated patients followed in the AIDS and HTLV clinics of Federal University of Bahia Hospital. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics were reviewed, and patients were tested for the presence of serological markers of HBV and HCV infections. HCV-infected patients were tested by PCR to evaluate the presence of viremia....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; HTLV-1; Coinfection; HCV; HBV; Brazil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000600007

Treatment switch guided by HIV-1 genotyping in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Tupinambás,Unaí; Ribeiro,Flávia Andrade; Aleixo,Agdemir; Greco,Dirceu.
We assessed the performance of HIV-1 genotyping tests in rescue therapy. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (genotyped), included those switching to new antiretroviral drugs based on HIV-1 genotyping data, and group 2 (standard of care -SOC), comprised those in rescue therapy who had not used this test. This was an open and non-randomized study, with 74 patients, followed up for a mean period of 12 months, from February 2002 to May 2003. The groups differed in the duration of antiretroviral use, experience with diverse drug classes (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors) and viral load &lt;2.6 log10 copies/mL at any time during treatment. In 23 patients (group 1), the switch in antiretroviral (ARV) regimen was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Genotyping; Antiretroviral resistance testing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000200003

Prevalence of resistance-associated mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1-positive individuals failing HAART in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Varella,Rafael Brandão; Ferreira,Selma Baía; Castro,Márcia Braga de; Tavares,Marisa Dias; Zalis,Mariano Gustavo.
We investigated the occurrence of HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance in individuals failing to respond to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) attended by RENAGENO from 2001-2004. One hundred and seventeen patients were selected for this study; their plasma viral RNA was extracted and the PR and RT genes sequenced to examine subtype, genetic polymorphisms and mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs. HIV-1 sequence analysis showed that 86/100 (86%) were infected with subtype B, 7/100 (7%) with subtype F and 7/100 (7%) with RT/PR hybrid forms (2 D/B, 2 F/B, 2 B/F and 1 D/F). In 14 (12%) of the samples, the subtype was not determined. The prevalence of resistance mutations was high (93.1%), mainly in the RT gene. The most prevalent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; HAART; Reverse transcriptase; Protease; Resistance.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000500007

HIV-1 drug resistance genotypic profiles in children with undetectable plasma viremia during antiretroviral therapy
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Angelis,Daniela Souza Araújo de; Tateno,Adriana Fumie; Diaz,Ricardo Sobhie; Succi,Regina Célia de Menezes; Pannuti,Claudio Sergio; Gouvea,Aida de Fátima Barbosa; Machado,Daisy Maria.
Treatment of HIV-1 infection with highly active antiretroviral therapy has led to sustained viral suppression in the plasma in a large number of children. However, studies have suggested that the integrated provirus in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes could be a source of reactivatable virus and maintain drug-resistant virus. We evaluated the resistance-related mutations in children receiving antiretroviral therapy with prolonged viral suppression. Thirty-two peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 16 children with viral loads that had been below detection limits for at least 12 months were obtained at two different time points and the DNAs sequenced. The median CD4 cell count was 1,016 cells/mm³ (347-2,588) and 938 cells/mm³ (440-3,038) at the first and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Children; HIV-1; Prolonged viral suppression; Antiretroviral therapy; Antiretroviral resistance.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000100011

JC virus/human immunodeficiency virus 1 co-infection in the Brazilian Amazonian region
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cayres-Vallinoto,Izaura Maria Vieira; Vallinoto,Antonio Carlos Rosário; Pena,Giselle Priscila dos Anjos; Azevedo,Vânia Nakauth; Machado,Luiz Fernando Almeida; Ishak,Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; Ishak,Ricardo.
Abstract JC virus (JCV) is a member of the Polyomaviridae family and is associated to a severe disease known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, PML, which is gradually increasing in incidence as an opportunistic infection among AIDS patients. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of JCV among HIV-1 carriers including their types and molecular subtypes and the possible association with disease. Urine samples from 66 HIV-1 infected subjects were investigated for the presence of the virus by amplifying VP1 (215 bp) and IG (610 bp) regions using the polymerase chain reaction. JCV was detected in 32% of the samples. The results confirmed the occurrence of type B (subtype Af2); in addition, another polyomavirus, BKV, was also detected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: JCV; HIV-1; Co-infection; Brazilian Amazon region.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000400360

Antiretroviral therapy immunologic non-response in a Brazilian population: association study using pharmaco- and immunogenetic markers
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Coelho,Antonio V.C.; Moura,Ronald R. de; Guimarães,Rafael L.; Brandão,Lucas A.C.; Crovella,Sergio.
ABSTRACT  Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) saved millions from HIV-1 infection and AIDS, but some patients do not experience adequate CD4+ T cells gain despite achieving viral suppression. The genetic component of this condition is not yet completely elucidated.  Objective: To identify predictive genetic markers of immune response to ART.  Methods: Case–control study. Out of 176 HIV-infected patients recruited in the city of Recife, Northeast Brazil, 67 patients with no immunologic response were the cases and the remaining 109 patients who responded were the controls. A set of 94 selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in antiretroviral drugs pharmacodynamic pathways and immune system homeostasis were genotyped, while the remaining...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Pharmacodynamics; Immunogenetics; Genetic association study; Survival analysis.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000500392

Comparative performances of serologic and molecular assays for detecting human T lymphotropic virus type 1 and type 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Campos,Karoline Rodrigues; Gonçalves,Maria Gisele; Costa,Nadia Aparecida; Caterino-de-Araujo,Adele.
ABSTRACT The present study evaluated several techniques currently available (commercial kits and in-house assays) for diagnosing human T lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2 in two groups of patients enrolled at HIV/AIDS specialized care services in São Paulo: Group 1 (G1), n = 1608, 1237 male/371 female, median age 44.3 years old, majority using highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); G2, n = 1383, 930 male/453 female, median age of 35.6 years old, majority HAART naïve. Enzyme immunoassays [(EIA) Murex and Gold ELISA] were employed for human T lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2 screening; Western blotting (WB), INNO-LIA (LIA), real-time PCR pol (qPCR), and nested-PCR-RFLP (tax) were used to confirm infection. Samples were considered human T...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HTLV-1/2; HIV-1; Coinfection; Diagnosis; Immunoblotting; PCR; HAART.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000300297

Classical and alternative macrophages have impaired function during acute and chronic HIV-1 infection
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Galvão-Lima,Leonardo J.; Espíndola,Milena S.; Soares,Luana S.; Zambuzi,Fabiana A.; Cacemiro,Maira; Fontanari,Caroline; Bollela,Valdes R.; Frantz,Fabiani G.
Abstract  Objectives: Three decades after HIV recognition and its association with AIDS development, many advances have emerged – especially related to prevention and treatment. Undoubtedly, the development of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) dramatically changed the future of the syndrome that we know today. In the present study, we evaluate the impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on macrophage function and its relevance to HIV pathogenesis.  Methods: PBMCs were isolated from blood samples and monocytes (CD14+ cells) were purified. Monocyte-Derived Macrophages (MDMs) were activated on classical (MGM-CSF+IFN-γ) or alternative (MIL-4+IL13) patterns using human recombinant cytokines for six days. After this period, Monocyte-Derived...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Innate immune response; HAART; Macrophages.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000100042

Evaluation of the genotypic pattern of HIV-1 resistance in AIDS patients failing antiretroviral therapy
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Bahia,Fabianna; Pedroso,Célia; Netto,Eduardo Martins; Figueiredo,Ricardo; Pinto Neto,Lauro; Brites,Carlos.
We analyzed the first 96 patients tested for HIV resistance to antiretroviral therapy in three Brazilian states. The HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) were sequenced by using the ABI ViroSeq system. The drugs previously used for each patient were recorded and correlated with the mutations found in the samples. Viral load (VL) and CD4 count were also recorded. Only one patient had the wild type sequence. The most prevalent mutations were: 184V (59%), 41L (47.9%), 63P (53%), 215Y (50%), 36I (46%), 10I (35%), 67N (42%), 77I (37%), 90M (36%) and 210W (33%). A positive correlation between the number of previously used ARVs and the number of mutations was observed (p&lt;0.05). Associations between mutations and ARV drugs were identified at...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Mutations; Resistance; Antiretrovirals.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000400003

Use of assisted reproductive technology to separate sperm from human immunodeficiency virus infected men resulting in pregnancy among serodiscordant couples
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Schuffner,Alessandro; Lisboa,Ana Paula; Rosa,Vinicius Bonato da; Silva,Monica Maria Gomes da.
Due to HIV care improvement, discordant couples more frequently seek help in order to conceive their own biological child. Besides the advance of antiretroviral therapy, unprotected intercourse is not a complete safe option, carrying a low but still present risk of HIV transmission. We report 10 serodiscordant couples in whom the male partner is HIV positive, submitted to sperm washing and intrauterine insemination. The procedure resulted in four pregnancies and no HIV transmission to mother or child was observed. Techniques of assisted reproduction can help HIV discordant couples to conceive biological offspring and is a safer option than unprotected intercourse.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Pregnancy; Insemination; Artificial reproduction.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000400018

Geolocalization of HIV-1 subtypes and resistance mutations of patients failing antiretroviral therapy in Salvador - Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Oliveira Filho,Antonio Walter de; Brites,Carlos.
ABSTRACT  Background: Geographical distribution of HIV variants is an important way to understand the circulation and spread of such viral strains.  Objectives: To evaluate the spatial distribution of HIV-1 variants in patients failing antiretroviral therapy, in Salvador, Brazil.  Methods: We performed a cross-sectional evaluation of HIV resistance test reports of patients who underwent genotyping tests in a referral center in Salvador, Brazil, for the years 2008-2014. The laboratory database contains around 2500 resistance reports of patients failing antiretroviral therapy. Genotypic tests were performed by sequencing of HIV-1 POL region (TrueGene, Siemens). We assessed HIV-1 resistance mutations and subtype, as well as residential address, age, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Resistance mutations; Brazil; Geolocalization.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000300234

CCR5 genotypes and progression to HIV disease in perinatally infected children
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Angelis,Daniela Souza Araújo de; Freire,Wilton Santos; Pannuti,Cláudio Sergio; Succi,Regina Célia de Menezes; Machado,Daisy Maria.
The CCR5 molecule, a chemokine receptor, is the most important co-receptor for macrophage-tropic HIV-1. A 32-bp deletion in the gene encoding CCR5 (CCR5-del32) confers nearly complete resistance to HIV-1 infection in homozygotes, and slows the rate of progression to AIDS in heterozygous adults. The aim of this study was to describe the CCR5 genotypes and the characteristics of HIV disease progression in perinatally infected children. From a total of 51 children analyzed for the CCR5-del32 mutation, 18 (35%) were considered to be rapid progressors, 28 (55%) were moderate progressors and 5 (10%) were slow progressors. A portion of the CCR5 gene was amplified by PCR from genomic DNA followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Forty-nine children (96%) carried...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; CCR5 co-receptor; HIV disease progression; Perinatally infected children.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000200004

Prevalence of indeterminate human immunodeficiency virus western blot results in pregnant women attended at a public hospital in Presidente Prudente, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cremonezi,Denise; Mesquita,Paulo Eduardo de; Romão,Marisa Menezes; Prestes-Carneiro,Luiz Euribel.
The AIDS epidemic is spreading rapidly among women worldwide, offering increasing opportunities for vertical transmission of HIV. In Brazil, the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women is less than 1%. Therefore, the positive predictive value of an HIV EIA test tends to be lower than the more frequent indeterminate Western blot result. Pregnant women receiving antenatal care, from 2000 to 2004, at a public secondary hospital in the city of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil, were systematically screened for HIV by means of two distinct EIA tests, in order to determine the prevalence of indeterminate Western blot results among pregnant women showing discordance in both HIV EIA tests and indirect immunofluorescence assay. Confirmatory indirect...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Indeterminate Western blot; Pregnant women.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000600009

HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission in Brazil (1994-2016): a time series modeling
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Coelho,Antonio Victor Campos; Coelho,Hemílio Fernandes Campos; Arraes,Luiz Cláudio; Crovella,Sergio.
Abstract HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (HIV-1 MTCT), is an important cause of children mortality worldwide. Brazil has been traditionally praised by its HIV/Aids program, which provides free-of-charge care for people living with HIV-1. Using public epidemiology and demographic databases, we aimed at modeling HIV-1 MTCT prevalence in Brazil through the years (1994-2016) and elaborate a statistical model for forecasting, contributing to HIV-1 epidemiologic surveillance and healthcare decision-making. We downloaded sets of live births and mothers' data alongside HIV-1 cases notification in children one year old or less. Through time series modeling, we estimated prevalence along the years in Brazil, and observed a remarkable decrease of HIV-1 MTCT...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Vertical transmission; Perinatal transmission; Biostatistics; Epidemiology; Forecasting.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000400218

In vitro basal T-cell proliferation among asymptomatic Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1 patients co-infected with hepatitis C and/or Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Assone,Tatiane; Kanashiro,Tatiana M.; Baldassin,Maira P.M.; Paiva,Arthur; Haziot,Michel E.; Smid,Jerusa; Oliveira,Augusto Penalva de; Fonseca,Luiz Augusto M.; Norris,Philip J.; Casseb,Jorge.
ABSTRACT  Background: Infection with Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1 can be associated with myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and other inflammatory diseases. Lymphocytes from about half of Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1-infected subjects spontaneously proliferate in vitro, and how this phenomenon relates to symptomatic disease and viral burden is poorly understood.  Objective: To evaluate T-cell proliferation in vitro among patients co-infected with Human T cell Leukemia Virus type 1/Hepatitis C Virus/Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1.  Material and methods: From 610 Human T cell Leukemia Virus-infected patients of the Human T cell Leukemia Virus outpatient clinic from Institute of Infectious Diseases “Emilio Ribas” in São Paulo,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HCV; HTLV-1; HIV-1; T-cell proliferation.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000200106

HIV-1 genotypic resistance profile of patients failing antiretroviral therapy in Paraná, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Toledo,Paula Virginia Michelon; Carvalho,Denise Siqueira de; Romagnoli,Luiza; Marcinko,Gustavo; Cunha,Clovis Arns da; Souza,Margely Nunes de; Brindeiro,Rodrigo; Queiroz-Telles,Flávio de.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced morbidity and mortality related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but in spite of this advance, HIV mutations decrease antiretroviral susceptibility, thus contributing to treatment failure in patients. Genotyping HIV-1 allows the selection of new drugs after initial drug failure. This study evaluated the genotypic profile of HIV-1 isolates from treated (drug-experienced) patients in Paraná, Brazil. The prevalence of mutations in reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) genes were assessed. We analyzed 467 genotypes of patients with HIV-1 viral loads above 1,000 copies/mL. Mutations at HIV-1 RT and PR genes and previously used ART regimens were recorded. The most prevalent RT mutations were: 184V...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Genotype; Antiretrovirals; Drug-experienced patients.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000400009

High degree of concordance between ﬂow cytometry and geno2pheno methods for HIV-1 tropism determination in proviral DNA
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Torres,Alex José Leite; Brígido,Luis Fernando de Macedo; Abrahão,Marcos Herculano Nunes; Angelo,Ana Luiza Dias; Ferreira,Gilcivaldo de Jesus; Coelho,Luana Portes; Ferreira,João Leandro; Jorge,Célia Regina Mayoral Pedroso; Martins Netto,Eduardo; Brites,Carlos.
Use of CCR5 antagonists requires previous viral tropism determination. The available methods have high cost, are time-consuming, or require highly trained personnel, and sophisticated equipment. We compared a ﬂow cytometry-based tropism assay with geno2pheno method to determine HIV-1 tropism in AIDS patients, in Bahia, Brazil. We tested peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 102 AIDS patients under antiretroviral therapy by using a cytometry-based tropism assay and geno2pheno assay. Cellular membrane receptors were identiﬁed by using CXCR4, CCR5 and CD4 monoclonal antibodies, while detection of cytoplasmic mRNAs for gag and pol HIV regions was achieved by using a labeled probe. Genotypic identiﬁcation of X4 and R5 tropic viruses was attempted by geno2pheno...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Tropism; Flow cytometry; Geno2pheno.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000200163

Nevirapine-induced side effects in pregnant women: experience of a brazilian university hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Kondo,William; Carraro,Elaine Aparecida; Prandel,Elaine; Dias,Josiane Mourão; Perini,Juliane; Macedo,Rodolfo Lara de; Cornelsen,Taynah Cristina; Sbalquiero,Renato; Sasaki,Maria das Graças.
Nevirapine-based therapy is associated with increased frequency of adverse events among HIV-infected pregnant women. The aim of this article was to evaluate the incidence of adverse effects in HIV-infected women who started nevirapine during pregnancy. A retrospective study was performed in our center between January 2003 and December 2006 analyzing all women prescribed nevirapine during pregnancy. Women presenting any risk factor for hepatotoxicity were excluded from the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of adverse effects, and a correlation to CD4 counts was performed. Liver function abnormality was graded according to the Division of AIDS toxicity guidelines. A total of 170 women initiated nevirapine...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatotoxicity; HIV-1; Nevirapine; Pregnancy; Toxicity.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000600004

Identification and characterization of previously described epitopes in HIV-1 subtypes B, C, F and BF in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Queiroz,Artur Trancoso Lopo de; Santos,Luciane Amorim; Moreau,Domingos Ramon; Oliveira,Tulio de; Watkins,David I.; Galvão-Castro,Bernardo; Alcantara,Luiz Carlos Junior.
Genetic analysis of HIV-1 is essential to improve treatment strategies and select epitopes for vaccine programs. The objective of this study was to determine whether known CD4+ and CD8+ epitopes were present in Brazilian HIV-1 strains. We used previously described CD8+ and CD4+ epitopes from the Los Alamos laboratory to search for these epitopes in the Brazilian sequences using the HIVbase program and we compared the frequency results with the analyses using physical-chemical profile tools from Network Protein Sequence Analysis (NPSA), and the SYFPEITHI program. Furthermore, this analysis was carried out with the Prosite tool using the GeneDoc program and ds/dn analyses using the Synonymous Nonsynonymous Analysis Program (SNAP). The HIVbase epitope mapping...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Env; Vaccine; Epitope.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000100008

Association of X4 tropism with disease progression in antiretroviral-treated children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Almeida,Flávia Jacqueline; Zaparoli,Mayra Simioni; Moreira,Denise Helena; Cavalcanti,Jaqueline de Souza; Rodrigues,Rosangela; Berezin,Eitan Naaman; Ferreira,João Leandro de Paula; Sáfadi,Marco Aurélio Palazzi; Brígido,Luis Fernando de Macedo.
Management of children with HIV/AIDS is specially challenging. Age-related issues do not allow for direct transposition of adult observations to this population. CXCR4 tropism has been associated with disease progression in adults. The geno2pheno web-base is a friendly tool to predict viral tropism on envelope V3 sequences, generating a false positive rate for a CXCR4 prediction. We evaluated the association of HIV-1 tropism prediction with clinical and laboratory outcome of 73 children with HIV/AIDS in São Paulo, Brazil. The CXCR4 tropism was strongly associated with a lower (nadir) CD4 documented during follow-up (p &lt; 0.0001) and with disease severity (clinical event and/or CD4 below 200 cells/mm3) at the last observation, using commonly applied...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Children; Viral tropism; Disease progression.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000300300

Antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and early neonatal life: consequences for HIV-exposed, uninfected children
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: El Beitune,Patrícia; Duarte,Geraldo; Quintana,Silvana Maria; Figueiró-Filho,Ernesto A.; Marcolin,Alessandra Cristina; Abduch,Renata.
Women have emerged as the fastest growing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected population worldwide, mainly because of the increasing occurrence of heterosexual transmission. Most infected women are of reproductive age and one of the greatest concerns for both women and their physicians is that more than 1,600 infants become infected with HIV each day. Almost all infections are a result of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. With the advent of combination antiretroviral therapies, transmission rates lower than 2% have been achieved in clinical studies. Antiretroviral compounds differ from most other new pharmaceutical agents in that they have become widely prescribed in pregnancy in the absence of proof of safety. We reviewed antiretroviral agents...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Exposed; Infant; Consequences; Antiretroviral.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000200004

Hepatitis C viral load in HCV-monoinfected and HCV/HIV-1-, HCV/HTLV-1/-2-, and HCV/HIV/HTLV-1/-2-co-infected patients from São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Alves,Fabiana Aparecida; Campos,Karoline Rodrigues; Lemos,Marcílio Figueiredo; Moreira,Regina Célia; Caterino-de-Araujo,Adele.
ABSTRACT Co-infections of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and either human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) or type 2 (HTLV-2) have been described as having an impact on HCV viremia and subsequent disease progression. HCV load in serum samples from 622 patients (343 males, 279 females; median age 50.8 years) from São Paulo/southeast Brazil was analyzed using the Abbott Real Time HCV assay (Abbott Molecular Inc., IL, USA). Samples were obtained from HCV-monoinfected (n = 548), HCV/HIV-1- (n = 41), HCV/HTLV-1- (n = 16), HCV/HTLV-2- (n = 8), HCV/HIV/HTLV-1- (n = 4), and HCV/HIV/HTLV-2-co-infected (n = 5) patients, and results were compared among the groups and according to sex. The median HCV load in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HCV; HIV-1; HTLV-1: HTLV-2; Co-infection; Viral load.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000200123

Impact of the number of failed therapeutic regimes on the development of resistance mutations to HIV-1 in northeast Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Medeiros,Melissa Soares; Arruda,Érico Antônio Gomes; Guerrant,Richard Littleton; Brown,Christopher Cooley; Lima,Aldo Ângelo Moreira.
Highly-potent antiretroviral therapy is necessary to avoid viral replication in HIV patients; however, it can favor the appearance of resistance mutations. The mutations 41L, 67N, 70R, 210W, 215Y/F, 219E/Q, 44D and 118I are defined as nucleoside analogous mutations (NAMs), because they affect the efficacy of all nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI). The mutation most frequently associated with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) is 103N. 33W/F, 82A/F/L/T, 84V and 90M are called protease inhibitor resistance-associated mutations (PRAM), because they are associated with resistance to several protease inhibitors (PI). This study evaluated the development of resistance mutations and examine the susceptibility of HIV with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mutation; HIV-1; Failure therapy; Antiretrovirals; Resistance.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000500002

HIV-1 viremia during the first 28 weeks of pregnancy is not associated with mother-to-child transmission
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Senise,J.F.; Palacios,R.; Tanno,Z.N.; Lunardi,L.; Waghabi,G.R.; Vaz,M.J.R.; Diaz,RS.; Castelo,A.
It is currently recommended that antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV be initiated at 14 weeks of gestation. However, the relevance of early-gestation HIV viral load level for intrauterine MTCT is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between prenatal maternal viral load and intrauterine MTCT. Records of HIV-infected pregnant women in two centers in Brazil, from 1999 to 2004 were analyzed. Three pregnancy periods were considered: earlier than 14 weeks, 14 to 27 6/7 weeks, and 28 weeks of gestation or more. Peripartum HIV exposure was also computed. Maximum viral load in each period was the measure of HIV exposure. Four hundred fifty-seven HIV-infected pregnant women were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Disease transmission; Vertical transmission; Antiretroviral therapy; Highly active; Brazil; Viral load.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000400009

HIV-1 genotypes related to failure of nelfinavir as the first protease inhibitor treatment
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Tupinambás,Unaí; Aleixo,Agdemir; Greco,Dirceu.
Combined antiretroviral therapy results in sustained viral suppression and a decrease in mortality and morbidity due to HIV infection. Intrinsic strength, durability and absence of cross-resistance are key factors in the selection of antiretrovirals. Failure with nelfinavir has been associated with two protease gene mutations, D30N and L90M. The D30N mutation does not result in cross-resistance with other protease inhibitors, and it decreases viral fitness. In order to check for this mutation after failure with nelfinavir, the 246 HIV-1 genotyping test was performed on virus samples from 55 patients with failure of nelfinavir as the first protease inhibitor. Most (84%) of the viral strains were of subtype B. Nucleosides associated with mutations (NAM) were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Protease inhibitors; Nelfinavir.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000400009

CCR5 genotype and plasma ß-chemokine concentration of Brazilian HIV-infected individuals
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Mikawa,A.Y.; Tagliavini,S.A.; Costa,P.I.
The 32-bp deletion in the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5 confers a high degree of resistance to HIV-1 infection in homozygous individuals for the deleted allele and partial protection against HIV-1 during disease progression in heterozygotes. Natural ligands for CCR5, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1ß and RANTES, have been shown to inhibit HIV replication in CD4+ T cells. In the present study, we examined the CCR5 genotype by PCR and the plasma levels of RANTES and MIP-1alpha by ELISA among blood donors (N = 26) and among HIV-1-infected individuals (N = 129). The control group consisted of healthy adult volunteers and HIV-1-infected subjects were an asymptomatic and heterogeneous group of individuals with regard to immunologic and virologic markers of HIV-1 disease. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; CC chemokine receptor 5; Delta32ccr5 Frequency allele; Chemokines.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001100011

Imbalance of naive and memory T lymphocytes with sustained high cellular activation during the first year of life from uninfected children born to HIV-1-infected mothers on HAART
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ono,E.; Santos,A.M. Nunes dos; Succi,R.C. de Menezes; Machado,D.M.; Angelis,D.S.A. de; Salomão,R.; Kallás,E.G.; Moraes-Pinto,M.I. de.
The immune consequences of in utero HIV exposure to uninfected children whose mothers were submitted to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during gestation are not well defined. We evaluated 45 HIV-exposed uninfected (ENI) neonates and 45 healthy unexposed control (CT) neonates. All HIV-infected mothers received HAART during pregnancy, and the viral load at delivery was &lt;50 copies/mL for 56.8%. Twenty-three ENI neonates were further evaluated after 12 months and compared to 23 unexposed healthy age-matched infants. Immunophenotyping was performed by flow cytometry in cord and peripheral blood. Cord blood lymphocyte numbers did not differ between groups. However, ENI neonates had a lower percentage of naive T cells than CT neonates (CD4+, 76.6...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Immunophenotyping; Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV-1; Immunological stimulation; Neonates of HIV-infected mothers.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000800011

Evaluation of genotype resistance testing for salvage antiretroviral therapy at AIDS care centers from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Pires Neto,R.J.; Colares,J.K.B.; Fonseca,B.A.L.
The availability of HIV-1 genotype resistance testing (GRT) to clinicians has been insufficiently studied outside randomized clinical trials. The present study evaluated the outcome of salvage antiretroviral therapy (ART) recommended by an expert physician based on GRT in a non-clinical trial setting in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. A prospective, open, nonrandomized study evaluating easy access to GRT at six Brazilian AIDS Clinics was carried out. This cooperative study analyzed the efficacy of treatment recommended to patients whose salvage ART was guided by GRT with that of treatment with ART based only on previous ART history. A total of 112 patients with ART failure were included in the study, and 77 of them were submitted to GRT. The median CD4 cell count...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Antiretroviral therapy; Salvage therapy; HIV-1 genotype resistance testing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000600016

Chemokines, lymphocytes, and HIV
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Farber,J.M.
Chemokines are members of a family of more than 30 human cytokines whose best-described activities are as chemotactic factors for leukocytes and that are presumed to be important in leukocyte recruitment and trafficking. While many chemokines can act on lymphocytes, the roles of chemokines and their receptors in lymphocyte biology are poorly understood. The recent discoveries that chemokines can suppress infection by HIV-1 and that chemokine receptors serve, along with CD4, as obligate co-receptors for HIV-1 entry have lent urgency to studies on the relationships between chemokines and lymphocytes. My laboratory has characterized Mig and Crg-2/IP-10, chemokines that are induced by IFN-&lt;FONT FACE="Symbol"&gt;g&lt;/font&gt; and that specifically target...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cytokines; Lymphoid cells; HIV-1; Receptors.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000100002

HIV-1 binding and neutralizing antibodies of injecting drug users
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ouverney,E.P.; Teixeira,S.L.M.; Silva-de-Jesus,C.; Hacker,M.A.; Morgado,M.G.; Bastos,F.I.; Bongertz,V.
Previous studies have demonstrated a stronger seroreactivity against some synthetic peptides responsible for inducing neutralizing antibodies in injecting drug users (IDU) compared to that of individuals sexually infected with HIV-1 (S), but the effectiveness in terms of the neutralizing ability of these antibodies has not been evaluated. Our objective was to study the humoral immune response of IDU by determining the specificity of their antibodies and the presence of neutralizing antibodies. The neutralization capacity against the HIV-1 isolate MN (genotype B), the primary HIV-1 isolate 95BRRJ021 (genotype F), and the seroreactivity with peptides known to induce neutralizing antibodies, from the V2 and V3 loops of different HIV-1 subtypes, were analyzed....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Injecting drug users; Antibodies; Neutralization.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000900004

Induction of interleukin-10 by HIV antigens in peripheral mononuclear cells of health care workers after occupational exposure to HIV-1-positive blood
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rodrigues,D.S.S.; Brunialti,M.K.C.; Medeiros,E.A.S.; Diaz,R.S.; Turcato,G.; Salomao,R.
Evaluation of HIV-induced IL-2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and HIV-specific T helper and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in health care workers (HCW) occupationally exposed to HIV reveals a high rate of response to HIV among non-seroconverters. IL-10 is also known to interfere with HIV infection in vitro. To evaluate the induction of IL-10 by HIV antigens in HCW occupationally exposed to HIV, 18 HCW with percutaneous injury were enrolled in this study, 9 of them exposed to HIV-contaminated blood, and 9 exposed to HIV-negative blood. PBMC were incubated on plates coated with HIV-1 antigens, and IL-10 was measured in supernatants by ELISA. Five of nine HCW exposed to HIV-contaminated blood presented HIV-induced IL-10. Two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Interleukin-10; Needlestick injury; Occupational exposure; Health care worker.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000600010

Distribution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, and subtype C identification
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Cunha,L.K.H.; Kashima,S.; Amarante,M.F.C.; Haddad,R.; Rodrigues,E.S.; Silva,K.L.T.; Lima,T.A.; Castro,D.B.; Brito,F.C.; Almeida,E.G.; Covas,D.T.; Malheiro,A.
Few studies have reported the molecular epidemiological characterization of HIV-1 in the Northern region of Brazil. The present study reports the molecular and epidemiological characterization of 31 HIV-1 isolates from blood donors from the State of Amazonas who donated blood between April 2006 and March 2007. Serum/plasma samples from all donors were screened for HIV antibodies by ELISA and the results confirmed by Western blot analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from the buffy coat using the Super Quik-Gene-DNA Isolation kit. Nested PCR was performed on the env, gag, and pol regions of HIV-1 using the Gene Amp PCR System 9700. Sequencing reactions were performed using the inner PCR primers and the DYEnamic™ ET Dye Terminator Kit, and phylogenetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Subtypes; Phylogenetic analysis; Blood donors; Molecular and epidemiological characterization.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000200003

Serotyping HIV-1 with V3 peptides: detection of high avidity antibodies presenting clade-specific reactivity
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Casseb,J.; Katzenstein,D.; Winters,M.; Brigido,L.F.M.; Duarte,A.J.S.; Hendry,R.M.
The main objective of the present study was to assess the specificity and sensitivity of a modified assay using short synthetic peptides of the V3 region of HIV-1 gp120, which is the main target for neutralizing antibodies. Results from an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) employing a panel of synthetic peptides of HIV-1 subtypes and using urea washes to detect high avidity antibodies (AAV3) were compared with those obtained by the heteroduplex mobility assay and DNA sequencing. The EIA correctly typed 100% of subtype B (sensitivity = 1.0; specificity = 0.95), 100% of HIV-1 E samples (sensitivity = 1.0; specificity = 1.0), and 95% of subtype C specimens (sensitivity = 0.95; specificity = 0.94). In contrast, only 50% of subtype A (sensitivity = 0.5; specificity =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Viral diversity; Serotypes; V3 serology.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000300013

Variability of the conserved V3 loop tip motif in HIV-1 subtype B isolates collected from Brazilian and French patients
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Tomasini-Grotto,Rejane-Maria; Montes,Brigitte; Triglia,Denise; Torres- Braconi,Carla; Aliano-Block,Juliana; Zanotto,Paolo M. de A.; Pardini,Maria- Inèsde M. C.; Segondy,Michel.
The diversity of the V3 loop tip motif sequences of HIV-1 subtype B was analyzed in patients from Botucatu (Brazil) and Montpellier (France). Overall, 37 tetrameric tip motifs were identified, 28 and 17 of them being recognized in Brazilian and French patients, respectively. The GPGR (P) motif was predominant in French but not in Brazilian patients (53.5% vs 31.0%), whereas the GWGR (W) motif was frequent in Brazilian patients (23.0%) and absent in French patients. Three tip motif groups were considered: P, W, and non-P non-W groups. The distribution of HIV-1 isolates into the three groups was significantly different between isolates from Botucatu and from Montpellier (P &lt; 0.001). A higher proportion of CXCR4-using HIV-1 (X4 variants) was observed in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; V3 loop; Genetic diversity; Brazil; France.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000300024

HIV-1 subtypes and mutations associated to antiretroviral drug resistance in human isolates from Central Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Cerqueira,Daniela Marreco; Ramalho,Eduardo Dias; Oliveira,Claudiner Pereira; Silva,Ruiter Roberto; Franchini,Miriam; Felipe,Maria Sueli Soares; Martins,Cláudia Renata Fernandes.
The detection of polymorphisms associated to HIV-1 drug-resistance and genetic subtypes is important for the control and treatment of HIV-1 disease. Drug pressure selects resistant variants that carry mutations in the viral reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) genes. For a contribution to the public health authorities in planning the availability of therapeutic treatment, we therefore described the genetic variability, the prevalence of mutations associated to drug resistance and the antiretroviral resistance profile in HIV-1 isolates from infected individuals in Central Brazil. Nineteen HIV-1 RNA samples from a Public Health Laboratory of the Federal District were reversely transcribed and cDNAs were amplified by nested PCR. One fragment of 297 bp...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Drug resistance; Antiretroviral drugs.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822004000200003

Diphtheria Antibodies and T lymphocyte Counts in Patients Infected with HIV-1
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Speranza,Francisco A. B.; Ishii,Solange K.; Thuler,Luiz C. S.; Damasco,Paulo V.; Hirata Jr,Raphael; Mattos-Guaraldi,Ana L.; Milagres,Lucimar G.
We assessed the IgG levels anti-diphtheria (D-Ab) and T cell counts (CD4+ and CD8+) in HIV-1 infected subjects undergoing or not highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Approximately 70% of all HIV-1 patients were unprotected against diphtheria. There were no differences in D-Ab according to CD4 counts. Untreated patients had higher D-Ab (geometric mean of 0.62 IU/ml) than HAART-patients (geometric mean of 0.39 IU/ml). The data indicated the necessity of keeping all HIV-1 patients up-to-date with their vaccination.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Antibody to diphtheria toxin; Vaccination.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822012000300014