Consulta: subjectFacets:"International Development"
Registros recuperados: 1.469
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 02:35:04

DIMENSIONS OF CONFLICT AND THE ROLE OF FOREIGN AID IN FIJI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gounder,   Rukmani.
As diversity is the strength for economic growth quality domestic institutions and good governance are some of the essential factors to achieve sustainable growth and maintain social stability and harmony. Therefore, necessary social, economic, political and institutional dynamics contribute to higher growth prospects and mitigate conflict in a multi-cultural society. Since the 1987 military coups some of the issues that have confronted the people of Fiji, and others, co-integrate with ethnicity, political instability, conflict and governance. This article links these issues and evaluates the characteristics and factors associated with the dimensions of conflict. In particular, the study highlights the nature and impact of conflict on the civil society and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Conflict; Aid; Donor Approaches; Fiji; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23699

How Effective are Cash Transfer Programs at Improving Nutritional Status?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Manley,   James G.; Gitter,   Seth R.; Slavchevska,   Vanya.
PDF file removed temporarily by authors for revision.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cash transfers; Nutrition; Child health; International Development; O1.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103157

MARKET IMPERFECTIONS AND CLASS STRUCTURE: THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lovo,   Stefania.
Land and market imperfections shape the organization of agricultural production and lead to different production regimes within rural farm households in South Africa. This paper presents a theoretical model to explain the presence of three main households groups (classes) determined on the basis of the labor regime adopted: small peasants (working both on and off farm), self cultivators (autarkic in labor) and hiring in households. Membership in the three categories is determined by the endogenous shadow wage and the effective market wages. A generalized ordered logit model is used to test the main predictions of the model. Market imperfections, which prevent household from accessing markets, are expected to have different impacts on heterogenous...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm households; Market imperfections; Liquidity constraint; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6675

Black-Box Frontiers and Implications for Development Policy – Theoretical Considerations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sauer,   Johannes; Frohberg,   Klaus; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The availability of efficiency estimation software – freely distributed via the internet and relatively easy to use – recently inflated the number of corresponding applications. The resulting efficiency estimates are used without a critical assessment with respect to the literature on theoretical consistency, flexibility and the choice of the appropriate functional form. The robustness of policy suggestions based on inferences from efficiency measures nevertheless crucially depends on theoretically well-founded estimates. This paper addresses stochastic efficiency measurement by critically reviewing the theoretical consistency of recently published technical efficiency estimates with respect to economic development. The results confirm the need for a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18772

Leveraging regional growth dynamics in African agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdulai,   Awudu; Johnson,   Michael; Diao,   Xinshen.
This study focuses on public investments and policy reforms for leveraging growth spillovers at the Africa regional level. It reviews first the theory and evidence of knowledge and growth spillovers generally and second the evidence in the African context. Given the limited and scattered evidence of actual past spillovers, it reviews recent ex ante simulations using partial and general equilibrium models to stress the potential for spillovers from greater cooperation in agricultural research, and from trade liberalization, policy harmonization and investments in infrastructure. The results show that permitting greater crossborder transfers and adopting improved technologies could have large spillover multiplier effects on overall economic welfare in the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Regional cooperation; Spillovers; Agricultural development; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57021

UNDERSTANDING THE EVOLUTION OF INEQUALITY DURING TRANSITION: THE OPTIMAL INCOME TAXATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi; Tuomala,   Matti.
What explains the spectacular increases in inequality of disposable income in transitional economies of Central and Eastern Europe? There are at least two possible explanations. First, the pre-tax distribution of income became more unequal because of the shift to a market economy. Second, the degree of progressivity of the income tax system declined. But each of these factors is in turn determined by other structural changes associated with transition-notably, the decrease in public provision of key public goods, the decrease in non income tax revenue sources such as profits from public production, and perhaps a decline in society's inequality aversion. This paper develops a framework in which these different forces on inequality can be assessed. Using a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7240

Going Digital: Computerized Land Registration and Credit Access in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deininger,   Klaus W.; Goyal,   Aparajita.
Despite strong beliefs that property titling and registration will enhance credit access, empirical evidence in support of such effects remains scant. The gradual roll-out of computerization of land registry systems across Andhra Pradesh’s 387 sub-registry offices (SROs) allows us to combine quarterly administrative data on credit disbursed by all commercial banks for a 11 year period (1997-2007) aggregated to the SRO level with the date of shifting registration from manual to digital. Computerization had no credit effect in rural areas but led to increased credit-supply in urban ones. A marked increase of registered urban mortgages due to computerization supports the robustness of the result. At the same time, estimated impacts from reduction of stamp...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Registration; Credit; Transactions; Computerization; India; International Development; Land Economics/Use; G28; Q24; R51; R52.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61257

Achieving food security in China: Implications of WTO accession
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Ronald C.
The results of a three-year study of the implications of China's accession to the WTO for its agricultural sector and policy options to maximise the benefits of the trade reforms are reported. The most important message from the study is that macro-economic and other non-agriculture specific policies can do much to improve the outcome for rural households and thereby improve food security. These policies include the promotion of urban development in inland areas and gradual reform of monetary policy. However, agricultural policies need further reform, including abandoning of price support and regional self-sufficiency policies, reform of monopolistic agricultural marketing and distribution activities, and reform of the state grain storage system....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58402

Malaria and National Income: Examining a Two Way Causal Relationship
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Datta,   Saurabh; Reimer,   Jeffrey J.
Simple plots of data show that malaria has a negative correlation with national income per capita, whether looking across countries at a point in time, or looking at a single country over time.  Some countries have been able to move from an equilibrium characterized by low income and high malaria, to a new equilibrium with higher income and lower rates of malaria.  This study develops and estimates a simultaneous equations model to explain these changes.  We distinguish three potential causal chains: (a) the ability for decreases in malaria to increase income, (b) the ability for increases in income to reduce malaria (reverse causality), and (c) external factors that may lead to both higher income and lower malaria (incidental association).  We find that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Antipoverty; GDP; Health; Economic growth; Malaria; Simultaneous equations; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; I1; I3; O1; O2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61179

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 2, Number 2, Fall 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Content: (1) Diersen, Matthew A., William W. Wilson, and Bruce L. Dahl. "Additionality of Credit Guarantees for Wheat Exports." (pp. 165-184); (2) Kinnucan, Henry W. and Myrland Oystein. "Welfare Effects of Supply Expansion with Trade Restrictions: The Case of Salmon." (pp. 185-204); (3) Lee, Dae-Seob, Yiqian Wang, and P. Lynn Kennedy. "Implication of U.S. Rice Export Promotion Programs: The Case of Selected Latin American Countries." (205-220); (4) Marshal, Maria I. and Thomas L. Marsh. "Endogenous Trade Protection in the Mexican Corn Market." (pp. 221-249); (5) Babula, Ronald A., Robert A. Rogowsky, and Robert F.J. Romain. "Exploitation and Analysis of Long Run Cointegration Properties of a Quarterly System of U.S. Wheat Related Product Markets." (pp....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49167

Public and Private Institutional Responses to Advocacy Attacks:  The Case of the Global Cocoa Industry and Child Labour Abuse
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clark,   Alexandra; Gow,   Hamish R.
Over the past decade the global agri-food industry has come under increasing attack by advocacy groups related to their production and marketing processes (Bowmar and Gow, 2009).  Advocacy groups have used these attacks to exploit the growing intergenerational disconnect between consumers and farming to campaign for narrowly defined political ideals while challenging traditional agricultural practices (Olin, 1999). This disconnect has provided advocacy groups the opportunity to use boycotts and other media attacks to severely adverse impact not only branded manufacturers and retailers, but their farmer suppliers. The agri-food industry’s challenge is to understand how to develop appropriate individual and collective responses to these attacks that minimize...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Certification; Advocacy; Cocoa; Chocolate; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104726

A STANDARD COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL FOR SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thurlow,   James; van Seventer,   Dirk Ernst.
The paper reports on the construction and testing of a Standard International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) computable general equilibrium model for South Africa. A 1998 social accounting matrix (SAM) for South Africa is compiled using national accounts information and recently released supply-use tables. By updating to a recent year, and by distinguishing between producers and commodities, this SAM is an improvement on the existing SAM databases for South Africa. Furthermore, this SAM is made consistent with the requirements of IFPRI's standard comparative static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. This model is then used to simulate the economy- wide impact of a range of hypothetical policy levers, including: increased government...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16279

ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16335

Learning by Doing – Farmers’ Specialized Cooperatives Development in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sultan,   Tursinbek; Huang,   Zuhui; Larsen,   Karin.
In many of the developing (transition) countries, government is promoting the use of cooperatives as organizations that can help enhance the development of farmers and other communities. Agricultural cooperatives are believed to function as a tool for the government in promoting the economic and social development, in particular by creating employment, generating income, eradicating poverty and strengthen farmers’ (market) power within the modern value chain. As for most transitional countries, Chinese government played a primary important role in agricultural cooperatives development. The government attempted to restructure the agro-food system to a modernized and industrialized one by supporting farmer cooperatives and producer organizations. Since the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122025

How Important are Peer Effects in Group Lending? Estimating a Static Game of Incomplete Information
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Shanjun; Liu,   Yanyan; Deininger,   Klaus W.
We quantify the importance of peer effects in group lending by estimating a static game of incomplete information. In our model, group members make their repayment decisions simultaneously based on their household and loan characteristics as well as their expectations on other members' repayment decisions. Exploiting a rich data set of a microfinance program in India, our estimation results suggest that the probability of a member making a full repayment would be 15 percentage points higher if all the other fellow members make full repayment compared to the case where none of the other members repay in full. We also find that large inconsistencies exist in the estimated effects of other variables in models that do not incorporate peer effects and control...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Repayment; Strategic default; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51699

Natural Resources, Development Models and Sustainable Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Auty,   Richard M.
This paper starts out from the optimistic assumption that the basic policies for environmental economic development are known but uncertainties surround the speed of their adoption. In many developing countries the key obstacle is poor governance: consequently, renewable resources continue to be mined, non-renewable resources are depleted irresponsibly, and reductions in pollution intensity lag. Recent research identifies resource abundance as an important cause of policy failure. This is because the primary sector remains large in relation to GDP so that differences in the scale of natural resource rents (and in their socio-economic linkages) condition macro policy in important ways. Most developing countries are resource-rich, a condition that engenders...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24136

Education, Employment and Social Inclusion within the European Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laselle,   Laurence; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Employment and social inclusion have been regular themes in the agenda of the European Union for the past fifteen years. From a soft coordinated approach mainly focused on the fight against unemployment, the European Union has moved towards a more coordinated but still voluntary strategy for its Member States and this agenda now has multiple economic, social and environmental objectives. A constant feature of these strategies has been the use of education and training policies, in particular for young people who are at risk of social exclusion. This paper reviews the relevant agenda of the European Union and presents the concept of second chance schools initiated by the European Commission in 1995. It seeks to understand how the elements associated with...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: European Union; European Commission; Education; Social Inclusion; Second chance schools; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123542

Long-term Global Agricultural Output Supply-Demand Balance and Real Farm and Food Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tweeten,   Luther G.; Thompson,   Stanley R.
Global food demand is estimated from population projections of the United Nations and food supply is projected from Food and Agriculture Organization yield data to quantify the global food supply-demand balance for 2025 and 2050. The eight food categories examined account for 95 percent of global food consumption.  Results indicate that the historic era of secularly falling real food prices is over. The real price of corn, for example, is not expected to fall over the next four decades at the annual rate of 1.3 percent that it fell annually from 1960 to 2006. The analysis foresees future real food prices fluctuating around a flat or rising trend. Slowed national economic growth from flat or rising real food prices may be little more than an irritant for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: World Food Supply-Demand; Food Prices; Agricultural Markets; Crop and Livestock Yields; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46009

DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL CROPS TRADE SECTOR OF SUDAN UNDER THE INCREASING WORLD FOOD PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elgali,   Mohamed B.; Mustafa,   Rajaa H.; Bauer,   Siegfried.
The agricultural trade of the Sudan is expected to develop under the recent dramatic increase of world food prices. Sudan as one of the developing countries and as price taker on the world agricultural market has been affected greatly by the world price increase. This paper aims at studying the impact of the increasing world food prices on developments of the agricultural crops trade sector of Sudan. In this paper a multimarket model is used as the main tool to estimate the increase of the world food prices on the crop trade sector. Multi-market analysis is a tool for simulating the effects of agricultural price policies on outcomes considered of interest to policy makers. The model under consideration takes the normal specification of a standard partial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade; Multi-market model; Sudan; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97067

The Insertion of Small-scale Farmers into market auction, Can it really improve the Indonesian gurem farmers’ welfare? The perspective of the auction price formation and farmers’ motivation factors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winarsih,   Dwi; Sutanto; Augier,   Laurent.
The condition of small-scale farmers in Indonesia is getting worse that is caused by an unfair low price that reflects to the low level of revenue for their income. This happens either because the dependency on trader/middlemen for selling the produce and the low accessibility of farmers to the market. The existence of auction mechanisms created by the Indonesian government auctions is still dominated by traders/middlemen, so that the increasing of prices have not affected to the farmers. Alternatively, by linking directly farmers to the auction mechanism will be analyzed in a descriptive and a qualitative ways from the point of view of price formation in the auction and the farmers’ determining factors to participate in the auction. The analysis conducts...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Small-scale Farmers; Auction mechanism; Price formation; Farmer’s motivation; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91946

John R. Commons and the Evolution of Institutions: The Case of the Malian Cotton Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Theriault,   Veronique; Sterns,   James A.
Applying John R. Commons institutional economic framework, this paper analyzes the evolution of the key institutions in the Malian cotton sector starting with the CFDT contract following the country‘s Independence in 1960; the nationalization of the cotton gin company, CMDT, in 1974; the completion of a vertically integrated market structure from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s; and, finally, to the current state of the market-oriented reforms in 2010. In accordance with John R. Commons’ economic theory, institutional changes in the Malian cotton sector have led to both intended and unintended consequences impacting economic performance at the farm, gin, and State levels, which in turn, has contributed to the emergence of new limiting factors. At present, the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: John R. Commons; Institutions; Cotton; Mali; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124460

R&amp;D Spillovers, Economic Growth, Convergence, and Divergence: A Time-Series Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohtadi,   Hamid; Datta,   Anusua.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50864

Sécurité alimentaire en Afrique de l’Ouest : Enjeux et Eléments Stratégique pour sa Réalisation.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango; Staatz,   John M.
The situation analysis and perspectives on food security West Africa shows a widening gap between the needs of consumption and nutrition and food availability at Global countries, households and individuals. Low gains productivity in food production and import capacity are the major constraints to the achievement of security Food in the region. The agricultural growth becomes the prerequisite for improving the food situation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; West Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q18; Q17; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58546

BARRIERS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN ZAMBIAN SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZE FARMS: EVIDENCE FROM MICRO-DATA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kimhi,   Ayal; Chiwele,   Dennis K.
The objective of this paper is to identify factors which limit the ability of Zambian farmers to increase Maize productivity and/or diversify their crop mix. Both may enable wealth accumulation, investments, and further expansion. Specifically, we link variations in agricultural decisions, practices, and outcomes, to variations in the tightness of the different constraints. We model crop production decisions as having recursive structure. Initially, farmers decide on land allocation among the different crops, based on their information set at planting time. Then, as new information (weather, market conditions) is revealed, farmers can change output by influencing the yield. This recursive structure enables to separate the effects of the constraints on the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Diversification; Maize Productivity; Recursive Decisions; Two-stage Estimation; Censored Dependent Variables; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O1; Q1.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21877

A spatial bio-economic modelling approach on the trade-offs between global bioenergy demand, agricultural intensification, expansion, and trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lotze-Campen,   Hermann; Popp,   Alexander; Beringer,   Tim; Muller,   Christoph; Lucht,   Wolfgang.
Increased future demands for food, fibre and fuels from biomass can only be met if the available land and water resources on a global scale are used and managed as efficiently as possible. The main routes for making the global agricultural system more productive are through intensification and technological change on currently used agricultural land, land expansion into currently non-agricultural areas, and international trade in agricultural commodities and processed goods. In order to analyse the trade-offs and synergies between these options, we present a global bio-economic modelling approach with a special focus on spatially explicit land and water constraints as well as technological change in agricultural production. For a given bioenergy demand...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use change; Spatial modelling; Technological change; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C61; F15; Q24; Q25.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51458

Private Sector Development Strategy: Some Critical Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hodge,   Graeme.
This paper aims to articulate aspects of the Private Sector Development Strategies of two key Development Banks in order to reflect on commonalities and differences. The paper reviews these strategies and focuses on what is included and what is omitted, as well as commenting on the characteristics of these strategies as corporate direction setting. The degree to which strategies seem to have incorporated organisational learning, power relationships and cultural contexts is then assessed.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30610

Thirty Years of Agricultural Transition in China (1977-2007) and the "New Rural Campaign"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jia,   Xiangping; Fock,   Achim.
Agriculture in China has experienced a compelling growth in the early 1980s, a buoyant upbeat in the early 1990s, and an extended period of low growth after 1995. Decollectivization, mar-ket reforms, public investments and technology have played a critical role during this overall successful process. However, the transition has also led to increasing inequalities between the agricultural and non-agricultural population, and substantial institutional issues remain to be fully addressed. The Chinese government is now reemphasizing agriculture and rural develop-ment under its New Rural Campaign with the objective to address rural-urban inequalities, but a stronger emphasis on participation and tenure reforms is warranted.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Rural development; Transition; Institutions; China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O43; P21; P32.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7953

Determinants of direct foreign investment: Evidence from Jordan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khrawish,   Husni Ali; Siam,   Walid Zakaria.
In order to show the effect of direct foreign investment flows on the economy of Jordan, this study comes to examine the economic and financial risks on FDI on the macro level over the period (1997- 2007). This study applies a version of the model developed by Chan and Gemayel (2004) by using Multiple Linear Regression Model. The analysis revealed that there exists significant and positive relationship between foreign direct investment flows into the economy of Jordan and economic and financial variables. The study claims for further FDI promotion through incentives to attract new investments. These factors are: providing targeted fiscal incentives, such as tax concessions, cash grants, and specific subsidies; improving domestic infrastructure; promoting...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Direct foreign investment; Economic and financial risks; Export of goods and services and exchange rate stability.; Financial Economics; International Development; F21; O53.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95943

Financial Development and International Trade: Regional and Sectoral Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Susanto,   Dwi; Rosson,   C. Parr, III; Costa,   Rafael F.
Financial development has been argued as a potential source of comparative advantage and its relationships with trade has been theoretically developed. This theory posits that countries that are well financially developed should experience greater volumes of international trade. We empirically investigate the effects of financial development on trade of both agricultural and manufactured products. The results show a positive impact of financial development on bilateral trade flows for the manufacturing sector, which enjoys a greater impact than the agricultural sector. The impacts differ across regions. In most cases, developing countries (Asia, Latin America, MENA and SSA) experience greater impacts of financial development on exports in both agriculture...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Comparative advantage; Financial development; International trade; Manufacturing sector; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102647

GARDENS OF OCEANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Walter,   Annie; Lebot,   Vincent.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114070

EU Aid for ACP Investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolf,   Susanna.
The partnership between the EU and the ACP countries (that include 38 of the world's 49 least developed countries) has a long standing history and was renewed in 2000 with the Cotonou Agreement. Furthermore, the European Commission has become the world's fifth largest donor of development aid - and therefore one of the most important - in the 1990's. When total aid is looked at the ACP countries are disproportionally among those receiving the most foreign aid per capita in the world and hence the effects of European aid are of special relevance for them. The aim of this paper is therefore to investigate the effect European aid has on investment in the ACP countries. It contributes to the ongoing debate on aid effectiveness by arguing that the impact f aid...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26129

THAT WAS THEN BUT THIS IS NOW: MULTIFUNCTIONALITY IN INDUSTRY AND AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diaz-Bonilla,   Eugenio; Tin,   Jonathan.
Current agricultural negotiations in the World Trade Organization are grappling on how to fully integrate agriculture within the general rules for trade in goods. The notion of multifunctionality of agriculture has been suggested as a reason to justify special treatment for that sector, including the continuation of its protection and subsidization. Many developing countries are still analyzing whether the idea has something to offer them in terms of their negotiating positions and policy framework. While multifunctionality has been invoked for supporting agriculture in developed countries, a similar idea, although not called so at the time, was clearly behind support for industry in developing countries. Again in this case, the policy implication was that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16301

Potential Impacts of a Green Revolution in Africa – the Case of Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Breisinger,   Clemens; Diao,   Xinshen; Thurlow,   James; Al-Hassan,   Ramatu M.
Agricultural growth in Africa has accelerated, yet most of this growth has been driven by land expansion. Land expansion potential is reaching its limits, urging governments to shift towards a green revolution type of productivity-led growth. Given the huge public investments required, this paper aims to assess the potential impacts of a green revolution. Results from a CGE model for Ghana show that green revolution type growth is strongly pro-poor and provides substantial transfers to the rest of the economy, thus providing a powerful argument to raise public expenditure on agriculture to make a green revolution happen in Africa.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Green Revolution; Growth; Poverty; Africa; Ghana; CGE; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; D58; O13; O55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51086

GROWTH PATTERN, SUSTAINABILITY AND TRADE IN A LAND CONSTRAINED ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Irz,   Xavier T.; Roe,   Terry L.
This paper develops a two-sector model of growth where agriculture is considered explicitly.  Key features of the model include: the reliance of agricultural production on a fixed but degrading resource base, the use by the farm sector of industrially produced inputs and differing rates of technological progress in the two sectors.  On the demand side, the low income elasticity for food as well as the life-sustaining function of food consumption are recognized. In this simplified framework, the sustainability of growth can be related to the existence of a steady state reflecting the ability of the economy to feed its population.  This property is used to identify the characteristics within and outside of agriculture conducive to the sustainability of a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Agriculture and growth; Dynamic general equilibrium model; International Development; O41; O13; F11.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21762

Institutional Changes for Agricultural and Rural Development in the CEEC and CIS Region
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koester,   Ulrich; Brümmer,   Bernhard.
The paper emphasizes the importance of embedded institutions for the transformation of the agricultural sector and rural economies in the transition countries and identifies and analyses institutional aspects regarding agriculture and rural development common to the transition countries. It focuses on the institutional dimension of reform policies, i.e. on the political economy aspects of the transition process that were decisive for the success or failure of the reforms. The importance of identifying the “mental models” of various stakeholders during the transition process is emphasized and the reasons are explored why the transition process in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe has not resulted in a restructuring of the agricultural sector...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Transition countries; Agriculture; Agricultural reform; Agricultural policy; Rural development; Farm structure; Institutions; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112605

STATE REGULATION OF SERVICES IN REAL ESTATE MARKET OF RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Medovy,   Alexander.
The paper defines role of state in regulation framework of real estate market of Russia. Factors influencing on decreasing state regulatory level are analyzed. The author describes role and significance of administrative and economic methods of state regulation in real estate market. Some policy measures are recommended to improve regulatory environment.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: State regulation; Real estate market; International Development; Public Economics; L85; L88.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94537

Meta-evaluations in government and government institutions: A case study example from the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madzivhandila,   T.P.; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Nesamvuni,   A.E.
In this paper we draw on impact assessment work of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) to present an example of meta-evaluation – an evaluation of evaluations – in an agricultural research, development and extension setting. We explore quality issues relating to evaluation studies in the context of government institutions. Program evaluation standards (PES) are divided into categories of utility, feasibility, propriety and accuracy to provide a framework for the meta-evaluation. The PES are presented as a universal measure of evaluation study quality. The intent of using them here is to judge the adequacy of PES as a universal quality measure or meta-evaluation base and to extract useful insights from ACIAR program...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Meta-evaluation; Evaluation Quality; Program Evaluation Standards; Evaluation Model; Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Limpopo Department of Agriculture (South Africa); International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59098

CROSS-COUNTRY TYPOLOGIES AND  DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES TO  END HUNGER IN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Xiaobo; Johnson,   Michael; Resnick,   Danielle; Robinson,   Sherman.
A key motivation behind this study is to explore the many patterns of interactions between economic and non-economic factors in sub-Saharan Africa (hereafter referred to as Africa) in order to map out a typology of different types of country situations and thus, corresponding future options to develop strategies to end hunger and poverty in the region. The study builds on the earlier work of Irma Adelman and Cynthia Morris who argued that economic development is a dynamic, multi-faceted, nonlinear, and malleable process, a process explained by the many complex interactions between social, economic, political and institutional changes. As in Adelman and Morris, we use factor analysis to reduce a large number of variables into a manageable set of key...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60175

China's Reformed Science and Technology System: An Overview and Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gao,   Zhicun; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Starting from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, this article provides background on China’s science and technology (S&amp;T) system and the perceived growing urgency of reforming it in order to support continuing economic growth in China.  The need for reform became even more pressing once China commenced its market-oriented economic reforms in 1979.  Comparative data are provided on China’s S&amp;T sector, the processes of reforming China’s S&amp;T system is outlined and discussed as well as changing patterns in the source of funds for its S &amp; T research.  China’s evolving technology market is given particular attention as well as its establishment of a patent system.  The importance of closer ties between technology...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Economic reforms; Patents; Research and development; Science and technology policy; Technology markets; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90528

REFORMA AGRÁRIA NO SUDOESTE DO PARANÁ: ORIGEM E SITUAÇÃO ATUAL DO ASSENTAMENTO MISSÕES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lima,   Romilda De Souza; Lauffer,   Jovilde Girardello.
Apesar de o Brasil ser formado por uma grande extensão de terras agricultáveis, a maior parte destas áreas concentra-se a um número pequeno de proprietários. Uma distribuição desigual que tem origem no processo de ocupação e distribuição do espaço rural do País. Essa desigualdade vem, no decorrer dos anos, sendo uma das principais causas de conflitos pelo acesso a terra no País. No Paraná os conflitos pela posse de terra começaram desde os anos 1940 com a ocupação das terras. Em 1957 no sudoeste do estado, houve a primeira desapropriação com fins sociais no Brasil. Objetivando conhecer a realidade e a forma de implantação de um assentamento de reforma agrária no sudoeste do Paraná, este trabalho foi desenvolvido. Buscou-se para tanto, identificar a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Assentamento; Reprodução econômica; Reforma agrária; Nesting; Economic and social reproduction; Agrarian reform; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109532

Towards a Genuine Sustainability Standard for Biofuel Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Gorter,   Harry; Tsur,   Yacov.
Sustainability standards for biofuel production calculated via life cycle accounting (LCA) require a certain reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to gasoline. Recently it has been shown that LCA gives biased results and should be extended to incorporate indirect land use change (iLUC). We show that even including iLUCs, LCA is still biased and distorted because it is based on GHG emission and uptake calculations, which assume economic values only if (i) the environmental price of carbon is constant over time and (ii) the social discount rate (SDR) equals zero. We offer a sustainability standard free of these restrictions, expressed in terms of a range of SDRs and a maximal GHG payback period. Applying our methodology to Brazilian and U.S....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Biofuel Production; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48927

Factors for Successful Development of Farmer cooperatives in Northwest China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garnevska,   Elena; Liu,   Guozhong; Shadbolt,   Nicola M.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Chinese cooperatives; Successful factors; Cooperative development; Northwest China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117603

Innovation Systems and the Competitive Progress in Developing Economies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Metcalfe,   Stan; Ramlogan,   Ronnie.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30672

Regional Networking and Multilateral Context: Enhancing Capabilities in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soliman,   Marwan.
In times where multilateralism is to be the vector of free trade and the conveyor for liberalism, the phenomenon of regionalism has been increasing quiet steadily. Would it be a transitional step for their members towards multilateralism, or a manner to hide from it without being forgotten? Whatever the response may be to this question, regionalism has been "admitted" by the WTO in its article XXIV. The contradiction here is that regionalism is not always complying with WTO regulations such as including "substantially all trade" as well as "non discrimination" principle. The advantage of regional practices is its taking into account particularities and specifications of the member countries, what the WTO doesn't seem to consider. We argue that, as much the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9528

POPULATION EFFECTS ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF JAPAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yamaguchi,   Mitoshi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13780

Migration flows management in Latvia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shina,   Inga.
The present-day world features ever growing mobility - free movement of people, financial capital, markets and services. This mobility is enhanced and arranged by cross-national networks. The major instrument driving migration is modern technologies and information, including internet, communications and cheap air travels. The article makes insight into external migration trends of labour force and migration flows management prospects so as to discover the possible solutions for further formation of migration policy in Latvia.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Migration; Labour force; Migration flows; Migration policy.; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; F22; J61.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94595

China’s Consumption Driven Growth Path
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lardy,   Nicholas R.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55019

Technology-Climate Interactions in the Green Revolution in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McKinsey,   James W., Jr.; Evenson,   Robert E.
This paper presents a model of the Green Revolution in India, in which the development and diffusion of HYVs, the expansion of irrigation and the expansion of multiple-cropping are treated as endogenous responses to more basic investments in agricultural technology and infrastructure, as well as to climate and edaphic endowments. We incorporate explicit climate-technology interactions in the model, in order to identify climate effects on the diffusion of HYVs, irrigation and multiple-cropping, and on Net Revenue to agriculture. We find that climate affects technology development and diffusion, and that technology development and diffusion affect the impacts of climate on agricultural productivity in India.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; India; HYV; Rice; Wheat; Climate; Agricultural research; International Development; 112; 121; 226; 620; 710.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28452

Policies, Natural Resource Governance and Local Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Massuanganhe,   Israel Jacob.
The role that agriculture should play in economic development has been recognised for years. In recent years, concern has been expressed over rising agricultural and food prices. The world market prices for major food commodities have risen sharply to historic highs of more than 60 percent above levels just two years ago. Many factors have contributed to the rise in food commodity prices. Some factors reflect trends of slower growth in production and more rapid growth in demand that have contributed to a tightening of world balances of grains and oilseeds over the last decade. Other factors that have added to global food commodity price inflation include the declining value of the US dollar, rising energy prices, increasing agricultural costs of...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Data envelopment analysis; Efficiency; Decentralisation; Natural resource management; Land reform; Agricultural development; Governance; Participation; Local development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53061

SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRICES FOR VIETNAM 1996 AND 1997
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nielsen,   Chantal Pohl.
This paper documents the construction of social accounting matrices (SAMs) for Vietnam for 1996 and 1997. The data sources used to construct the SAMs include national accounts statistics, government budget data, the official 1996 input-output table, the 19 97/98 Vietnam Living Standards Survey (VLSS), and COMTRADE trade data. The agri-food sectors are particularly well represented in the SAMs: the resulting VIETSAM includes 97 producing sectors with eight agricultural sectors, two agricultural service sectors and 13 food processing industries. In terms of institutional detail, the SAMs include five factors of production (three types of labor distinguished by skill level, one type of capital and one type of land), six household types (distinguished by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16306

Contractual Arrangements of Traders in Chinese Wholesale Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Xiaohua; Abler,   David G.; Zeng,   Yinchu.
Using a survey data of 700 traders, this study scrutinizes contract choices and enforcement for agricultural traders in China. This study finds that market service and environment are very important for both contract choices and enforcement. Better market service and environment can increase the propensity of using contract and the probability of contract enforcement both for purchase and sales of products. Education and memberships of special associations are also important for contract choices and enforcement. Higher education and affiliation to special associations for traders can increase the propensity of contracts and reduce contract breaches. However, the formats of contracts, whether contracts are oral or written, are not important for contract...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Contract; Trader; Wholesale Market; China; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; International Development; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty; L14; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51399

Identifying the Drivers of Sustainable Rural Growth and Poverty Reduction in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jansen,   Hans G.P.; Siegel,   Paul B.; Pichon,   Francisco.
Published as Drivers of sustainable rural growth and poverty reduction in Central America: Honduras case study. Vols. 1 and 2. Gray Cover Report No. 3193-HN Washington, DC: The World Bank. Published as Jansen, Hans G.P.; Siegel, Paul; Pichon, Francisco. 2006. Understanding the drivers of sustainable rural growth and poverty reduction in Honduras. World Bank en breve No. 87 Pp. 1-4.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58378

Farmers' Subjective Valuation of Subsistence Crops: The Case of Traditional Maize in Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arslan,   Aslihan; Taylor,   J. Edward.
Shadow prices guide farmers' resource allocations, but for subsistence farmers growing traditional crops, shadow prices may bear little relationship with market prices. We econometrically estimate shadow prices of maize using data from a nationally representative survey of rural households in Mexico. Shadow prices are significantly higher than the market price for traditional but not improved maize varieties. They are particularly high in the indigenous areas of southern and southeastern Mexico, indicating large de facto incentives to maintain traditional maize there.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Shadow prices; Non-market values; Supply response; Traditional crops; Onfarm conservation; Mexico; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O12; O13; Q12; Q39.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44488

Poverty Reduction during the Rural-Urban Transformation - The Role of the Missing Middle
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Christiaensen,   Luc J.M.; Todo,   Yasuyuki.
As countries develop, they undergo a structural transformation from agriculture to manufacturing and services as well as a spatial transformation from rural to urban. Historically, this process has been far from uniform across countries, with some fostering rural diversification out of agriculture and others undergoing rapid agglomeration in mega cities. This paper examines whether the nature of these transformations (rural diversification versus agglomeration in mega-cities) affects the rate of poverty reduction.  Using cross-country panel data for developing countries spanning 1980-2004, it is found that migration out of agriculture into the missing middle (rural nonfarm economy and secondary towns ) is strongly associated with poverty reduction, while...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Rural-urban transformation; Rural non-farm economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51467

ROAD DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Chan-Kang,   Connie.
Since 1978, China has adopted a series of economic reforms leading to rapid economic growth and poverty reduction. National Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew at about 9 percent per annum from 1978 to 2002, while per capita income increased by 8 percent per annum. The post-reform period was also characterized by an unprecedented decline in poverty. However, income inequality has worsened between coastal and interior provinces as well as between rural and urban areas. A number of factors contributed to this widening disparity in regional development in China, including differences in natural resources endowments, and infrastructure and human capital development. When the policy reforms began in 1978, China was poorly endowed with transportation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60182

Determinants of Nutritional Outcomes of Children in India:  A Quantile Regression Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kandpal,   Eeshani; McNamara,   Paul E.
In this paper, we use quantile regressions on data from the 2005-06 wave of the Indian National Family Health Survey to study the determinants of child body-mass-index, height-for-age, and hemoglobin at different points of the conditional distribution. Our results show that only considering the conditional mean of the entire distribution can yield misleading results. In light of compelling evidence on sex-selective abortion and infanticide, we use a Heckman correction for our quantile regression to control for the “underreporting” of female births documented by Rose (1999). We find that household maternal health and education have larger effects at the lower end of the distribution than on the upper end, for all three child nutritional indicators. Results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49415

What makes exit from poverty: Investigation of smallholder women livestock farmers in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Shaheen; Farrington,   John.
Shaheen Akter and John Farrington..."What makes exit from poverty ....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Women and livestock; Livelihood Strategies; Asset-base Framework; Bangladesh; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; O1; O3; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51165

Natural Resource Dependence in Rural Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez-Feldman,   Alejandro; Taylor,   J. Edward; Yunez-Naude,   Antonio.
The relationship between poverty and natural resources is complex and the empirical evidence to date, mostly from studies of forest activities and poverty, is inconclusive.  The main purpose of this paper is to empirically identify the effects of household characteristics and of inequality at the village level on natural resource extraction and dependence. To do so we use data from the Mexico National Rural Household Survey (ENHRUM). Our results show that in rural Mexico natural resource extraction is predominantly an activity carried out by poor households. The same is true for dependence. We also show that there are important differences across Mexico in terms of both participation and dependence on resource income. These differences are most evident...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource extraction; Dependence; Poverty; Mexico; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61230

STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS AND PEANUT MARKET PERFORMANCE IN SENEGAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Rigoberto A.; Hathie,   Ibrahima.
The impacts of Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) on social welfare are investigated using data from the Senegalese peanut sector.  The findings suggest that SAP policies resulted in dramatic decreases in peanut production, undermining the profitability of the peanut processing plants as well.  Overall, the Senegalese society suffered net welfare losses.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20841

Using Livestock and Associated Product Markets to Demonstrate MMW4P in Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cook,   Dick.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53682

Poverty and Distribution: Twenty Years Ago and Now
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
This paper adopts the “Rip Van Winkle” stratagem, of asking what differences would be noticed, in the domain of poverty and distribution, by someone who fell asleep in 1987 (the year I published my paper on poverty in the IMF Staff Papers, and woke up only in 2007 (the year I visited the IMF to work on the present paper). I highlight, somewhat idiosyncratically, ten such differences under three broad headings: Facts and Empirics, Concepts and Theory, and Policies and Interventions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income Distribution; Development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; D31; D63; I32; I38; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48918

Population and Sustainability: Understanding Population, Environment, and Development Linkages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clay,   Daniel C.; Reardon,   Thomas.
The triple challenge of rapid population growth, declining agricultural productivity, and natural resource degradation are not isolated from one another; they are intimately related. However, strategic planning and development programming tend to focus on individual sectors such as the environment, agriculture, and population; they do not explicitly take into account the compatibilities and inconsistencies among them. Farm households and their livelihood strategies are at the core of the intersectoral linkages approach advocated in this chapter. Three key aspects of the population-environment-development debate are discussed: first, the finding that inconsistencies between public and individual household behavior regarding childbearing and family planning...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Rwanda; Population; Sustainability; Environment; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q56.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57055

Agricultural Trade Liberalization: Assessing the Consequences for Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bureau,   Jean-Christophe; Jean,   Sebastien; Matthews,   Alan.
Recent analyses suggest that the impact of agricultural trade liberalization on developing countries will be very uneven. Simulations suggest that the effects of agricultural trade liberalization will be small, overall, and are likely to be negative for a significant number of developing countries. The Doha Round focuses on tariff issues, but these countries currently have practically duty-free access to European and North American markets under preferential regimes. Multilateral liberalization will erode the benefits of these preferences, which are presently rather well utilized in the agricultural sector. The main obstacles to the exports of the poorest countries appear to be in the non-tariff area (sanitary, phytosanitary standards) which increasingly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade liberalization; WTO; Developing countries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24628

The Recession and its Impact on Foreign Direct Investment Flows into the Food System of Less Developed Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babool,   Md. Ashfaqul Islam; Saghaian,   Sayed H.
This study investigates the effects of the current recession on foreign direct investment (FDI) in the food sectors of developing countries. The study tests the hypothesis that the economic recession adversely affects FDI flows in the food sector. The specific objectives are: to identify determinants that influence FDI inflows; to develop an econometric model to estimate changes in FDI inflows as influenced by factor determinants, including the present recession; and to compare the impact of the recession on FDI in the food system in different developed and developing economies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Recession; FDI; Developing countries; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98786

Human Capital, Population Growth and Economic Development: Beyond Correlations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
Empirical evidence on three assertions commonly-made by population policy advocates about the relationships among population growth, human capital formation and economic development is discussed and evaluated in the light of economic-biological models of household behavior and of its relevance to population policy. The three assertions are that (a) population growth and human capital investments jointly reflect and respond to changes in the economic environment, (b) larger families directly impede human capital formation, and (c) the inability of couples to control fertility is an important determinant of investment in human capital. The evidence suggests that widely-observed correlations among population growth, human capital and economic variables, which...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7520

ETHNICITY AND DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Inayatullah,   Naeem.
Ethnic regionalism may be the most powerful force in Asia today.  Yet ethnic boundaries are not plotted on maps and neither are they taken into consideration in most economic analysis.  The problem is a serious one and wide. What makes ethnicity such a strong force?  If it is such a strong force, it must effect national goals such as integration and "development".  How are these goals affected by ethnicity?  This was one line of questioning out of which this paper has emerged.  There was another aimed at a different direction but ending at the same place.  What is development?  How do countries develop?  What factors help and what factors hinder development? This paper attempts to answer all the above questions and, hence, the topic of this paper is the...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11156

Rolle der agrarökonomischen Forschung für Armutsbekämpfung in Entwicklungsländern
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brümmer,   Bernhard; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan; Qaim,   Matin.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97698

Grameen Danone Foods Limited (GDF)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodrigues,   Jonathan; Baker,   Gregory A.
The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by IFAMA. www.ifama.org.  TEACHING NOTES available for instructors by contacting IFAMA.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Teaching case; Social entrepreneurship; Bangladesh; Yogurt; Dairy industry; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120862

Etude sur la transmission des fluctuations et le calcul des prix de parité à l’importation: cas pratique du riz et du maïs au Sénégal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ndiaye,   Mouhamadou; Niang,   Moussa.
Calculation of maize and rice parity prices in Senegal.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Senegal; Markets; Parity prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62166

THE PROCESS TOWARDS THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPROVED NATIONAL FOOD SAFETY SYSTEM IN ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laudat,   Julie Ann.
In 1998, the need for improvements in the food safety system of countries of the Caribbean was recognized in a meeting of CARICOM Ministers of Agriculture in Jamaica. A properly functioning food safety system should ensure that all food consumed in a country, whether produced locally or imported and also food exported from that country, conformed to acceptable standards that would ensure the health and safety of the consumers.  In Antigua and Barbuda in 2000, was set up an ad hoc National Food Safety Committee with the goal of  ensuring  that all food and water consumed in Antigua and Barbuda, whether imported, produced locally or for export, conform to acceptable standards to ensure the health and safety of the consumer. Some of the activities undertaken...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: : Food safety system; Imports; Local Products; Antigua and Barbuda; Food legislation; CAES; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36954

Production risk and farm technology adoption in the rain-fed semi-arid lands of Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogada,   Maurice Juma; Nyangena,   Wilfred; Yesuf,   Mahmud.
This study provides empirical evidence on the effects of production risk on smallholder farmers’ adoption of farm technology, using plot-level data collected from two semi-arid districts in Kenya, Machakos and Taita Taveta. Using Mundlak’s approach (1978), the study found that factors such as yield variability and the risk of crop failures indeed affect technology adoption decisions in low-income, rainfed agriculture. However, the direction and magnitude of effects depend on the farm technology under consideration. The results explain why poor farm households in rainfed and risky production environments are reluctant to adopt new farm technologies that could improve production: it is because the technologies involve enormous downside risks. This result...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm productivity; Production risk; Farm technology adoption; Kenya; Farm Management; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D81; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93865

Entrepreneurial Supply Chains and Strategic Collaboration: The Case of Bagòss Cheese in Bagolino, Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amanor-Boadu,   Vincent; Marletta,   Piercarlo; Biere,   Arlo W.
Many small towns and communities are struggling to sustain their competitiveness in the face of increasing globalization. Yet, through entrepreneurial supply chains, some communities are organizing themselves to forge local solutions to their global challenges. The essence of entrepreneurial supply chains is its ability to facilitate alignment of all participants in the chain, eliminating moral hazard and opportunism risks. It is argued that this governance system and an ability to protect the common assets from infringement by outsiders are necessary for the success of these solutions. The research uses Bagòss cheese, produced in the small Italian village of Bagolino, to illustrate the characteristics of entrepreneurial supply chains and test the effect...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Entrepreneurial supply chain; Bagòss cheese; Globalization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q10; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53796

A Brief Overview of Mozambique's Rural Development and the Role of U.S. Assistance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kyle,   Steven C.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121119

Tourism, Economic Expansion and Poverty in Nicaragua: Investigating Cointegration and Causal Relations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vanegas,   Manuel, Sr.; Croes,   Robertico.
Replaced with revised version of paper 09/10/07.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7306

AGRICULTURAL PROSPECTS IN CENTRALLY PLANNED ECONOMIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raup,   Philip M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13425

INEQUALITY IN WORLD GDP DISTRIBUTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sampath,   Rajan K.; Anwer,   Muhammad Sarfraz.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36529

AGRICULTURAL FINANCING POLICIES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eze,   Christopher C.; Lemchi,   J.I.; Ugochukwu,   Albert I.; Eze,   V.C.; Awulonu,   C.A.O.; Okon,   A.X.
The study examined the agricultural financing policies of the government of Nigeria and effects on rural development .The study found that though the government has made serious efforts at making good agricultural policies through schemes, programmes and institutions, it has not been able to back them up with adequate budgetary allocation and financing coupled with corruption in the execution of the policies. It is recommended that for the government agricultural financing policies to achieve its target of rural development, Nigeria will need an adequate level of strategically targeted investment in agriculture, upgrade rural infrastructure, boost productivity, and increase competitiveness of the farm output, in addition to fighting corruption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural financing; Policies; Institutions; Rural; Development; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91677

Economic Evaluation of Wind Energy as an Alternative to Natural Gas Powered Irrigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guerrero,   Bridget L.; Amosson,   Stephen H.; Marek,   Thomas H.; Johnson,   Jeffrey W.
High natural gas prices have agricultural producers searching for alternative energy sources for irrigation. The economic feasibility of electric and hybrid (electric/wind) systems are evaluated as alternatives to natural gas powered irrigation. Texas Panhandle and Southern Kansas farms are assessed with a quarter-mile sprinkler system, three crops, and two pumping lifts. Breakeven points identify the price at which conversion from a natural gas irrigation system to an electric or hybrid system is cost effective. Results indicate electricity is a more feasible energy source for irrigation and policy changes such as net metering are necessary to make hybrid systems viable.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Electricity; Irrigation; Natural gas; Wind energy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q20; Q42.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90680

Do Labour Standards have a Role in International Trade?: Private Standards, Preferential Trade Agreements or the WTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bakhshi,   Samira; Kerr,   William A.
It is now common for producers (economic protectionism), consumers and social advocates (humanitarian motives) to urge for the inclusion of labour standards in international trade agreements. In spite of this, there has been little empirical work to determine whether low labour standards lead to trade distortions. This paper provides some empirical evidence pertaining to this question. Consumer groups, social advocates and traditional vested interests such as labour unions have attempted to have labour standards included in WTO disciplines. In the absence of success at the WTO, the relationship between labour standards and international trade has, however, been evolving in the areas of private standards and preferential trade agreements. Given the role...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumers; Food processing; Labour standards; Preferential trade agreements; Trade distortion; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90883

"Institutional adaptation" for integrated water resources management: An effective strategy for managing Asian river basins
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa.
In many developing countries, their governments dominate the field of water resources management. Even in “participatory irrigation management” efforts, the governments play a dominant role. As these efforts are rarely based on any internally generated demand from the water users, they usually fail to create viable organizations at the local level. A similar setback can be seen in the more recent institutional reforms in Asia’s water sector, which are promoted by the donor agencies and, national and international development professionals. A survey of experiences in Asian countries shows that no country has successfully completed establishing new water sector policies and laws and river basin organizations, as prescribed. The need to improve current...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basin development; Irrigation management; Institutional development; Organizations; Water allocation; Developing countries; International Development; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91906

ALBERTA’S EXPORT EXPERIENCE UNDER FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS, 1989-2008: TWENTY YEARS OF FREE TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mirus,   Rolf; Emter,   Nicholas A.
The period of free trade from 1989 to 2008 coincided with a strong expansion of Alberta’s exports. Our review shows that several factors contributed to this success. In addition to favorable trends in energy and commodity prices, the improved access to the US and Mexican markets that resulted from the CUSFTA and NAFTA are shown to be major causes of the positive development of Alberta’s exports. In particular, the significant increase in manufacturing exports can be attributed to the free trade agreements because manufacturing products face higher tariffs in export markets than do raw materials and energy products. Alberta’s manufacturing sector, therefore, emerges as a major beneficiary of freer trade. As a result, Alberta’s economy has become more...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAFTA; FTA; Free Trade Areas; Preferential trade agreements; Imports; Exports; Alberta; United States; US; Trade patterns; Trade relations; Mexico; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60425

AGRARIAN REGIONS IN SERBIA AS NATURAL FOUNDATION AND MARKET CHANCE IN CIRCUMSTANCES OF TRANSITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simonovic,   Zoran; Simonovic,   Dragoljub; Gligic,   Perica.
Process of transition movements in Republic of Sebia is in progress. Transition movements have not bypassed agrarian sector. Market agriculture should gain significance along this process. On this occasion we would like to emphasis two elements which affect development of Market Agriculture. Those are regionalization and specialization of agriculture. In study about agrarian regions in conditions of transition two charts are given, that pinpoint the essence of natural foundation and market opportunities in transition circumstances. Study of agro-identities starts with introspection of each reagion in respect of its natural values: plain (Vojvodina), hilly ( Sumadija), mountain-hilly (Pester). Therefore, plain region is specialized for production of stable...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agrarian regions; Regionalization; Specialization; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57417

Impact Assessment as Shared Learning
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   Paul N.
Increased attention directed towards evidence-based aid clearly dominates evaluation discussions within the development community. All development agencies, but particularly non-governmental organizations (NGO), struggle with the requirements for rigorous impact assessments of their project/program interventions. Given the serious operational obstacles confronting impact assessments, any successful integration of impact assessments into ongoing and new NGO programs can gain from the adoption of a shared learning model centered on organizational leadership, people, technology and knowledge. Integrated impact assessment, as shared learning, requires a cultural change within the NGO initiated and maintained by the organization’s leadership.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact assessment; Learning organization; Evaluation; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50739

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Economic Globalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Argues that it is unrealistic to expect the net benefit of economic globalization to be represented by a single monetary figure because its consequences are diverse and several of its consequences are uncertain. The benefits of economic globalization are accessed in terms of its possible impact on the level of global production and exchange of commodities. Both static and dynamic analysis are considered and particular attention is given to economies of scale and to technological change. Possible beneficial impacts of economic globalization on product variety are considered. The economic consequences of International mobility of factors of production (such as labour and capital) are assessed. In addition, the impacts of globalization on conditions of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic globalization; Economies of scale; Labour mobility; Income inequality; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90614

The disciplinary influence of physics, biology, and chemistry on economic modelling: Overview and implications for understanding agricultural change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin.
Economic research on structural change in agriculture has repeatedly induced controversies about basic theoretical concepts, such as rational behaviour and equilibrium, and their analytical and political implications. To contribute to the epistemological dimension of this debate, the article gives an overview of three paradigms to economic modelling whose proponents have been inspired by physics, biology, and chemistry. The key concepts of general equilibrium theory, evolutionary economics and the “social chemistry” of Jon Elster are presented and compared. While all keep the idea that intentional individual action can explain aggregate outcomes that are nevertheless unintended, they differ in assumptions concerning preferences and the characteristics of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic modelling; Natural sciences; Agricultural change; Philosophy of science; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59517

Normative, systemic and procedural aspects: a review of indicator‐based sustainability assessments in agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Binder,   Claudia R.; Feola,   Giuseppe.
Several methods for assessing the sustainability of agricultural systems have been developed. These methods do not fully: (i) take into account the multi‐functionality of agriculture; (ii) include multidimensionality; (iii) utilize and implement the assessment knowledge; and (iv) identify conflicting goals and trade‐offs. This paper reviews seven recently developed multidisciplinary indicator‐based assessment methods with respect to their contribution to these shortcomings. All approaches include (1) normative aspects such as goal setting, (2) systemic aspects such as a specification of scale of analysis, (3) a reproducible structure of the approach. The approaches can be categorized into three typologies. The top‐down farm assessments focus on field or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability assessment; Indicator; Agriculture; Sustainability solution space; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117651

Does Land Abundance Explain African Institutions?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fenske,   James.
I show how abundant land and scarce labor shaped African institutions before colonial rule. I present a model in which exogenous suitability of the land for agriculture and endogenously evolving population determine the existence of land rights, slavery, and polygyny. I then use cross-sectional data on pre-colonial African societies to demonstrate that, consistent with the model, the existence of land rights, slavery, and polygyny occurred in those parts of Africa that were the most suitable for agriculture, and in which population density was greatest. Next, I use the model to explain institutions among the Egba of southwestern Nigeria from 1830 to 1914. While many Egba institutions were typical of a land-abundant environment, they sold land and had...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Institutions; Land rights; Slavery; Polygyny; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; N57; O10.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55707

Does Non-Farm Income Increase Farm-Household Income Inequality? Evidence from Three Continents
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kimhi,   Ayal.
This paper performs inequality decomposition by income sources using data from three different continents, using a unified inequality decomposition approach. Household survey data from Ethiopia, Georgia and Korea are used for this purpose, and the uniform result is that non-farm labor income is an equalizing source of income, in the sense that increasing non-farm labor income by 1% uniformly results in a lower Gini index of inequality. These results shed light on the processes that affect farm-household inequality under various geographical, economic and institutional conditions, and imply that policy directed towards non-farm income sources could not only raise rural incomes on average but also potentially reduce inequality, i.e., be pro-poor.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Non-Farm Income; Decomposition.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51433

Accelerating Growth and Structural Transformation: Ghana’s Options for Reaching Middle-Income Country Status
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Breisinger,   Clemens; Diao,   Xinshen; Thurlow,   James; Yu,   Bingxin; Kolavalli,   Shashidhara.
Ghana is an emerging success story in Africa and in a couple of years will become the first African country to achieve the first Millennium Development Goal of halving its national poverty rate. The government of Ghana has therefore extended its development vision and recently declared the goal of reaching middle-income-country (MIC) status by 2015. To analyze possible pathways and implications of achieving MIC status, this paper examines other countries’ experiences on their way to becoming MICs and emphasizes the important role of growth acceleration, export diversification, and economic structural change in the transformation process. The paper further analyzes Ghana’s growth options and their structural implications using a dynamic computable general...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Growth and development; Middle income country; Applied general equilibrium modeling; Ghana; Africa; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42347

From Kyoto to Copenhagen: Meeting the Climate Change Challenge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gaisford,   James D.
In spite of some superficial success in achieving its overall global target, there has been much disillusionment with the progress on climate change since the Kyoto Protocol was negotiated in 1997. The key problems in addressing GHG emissions under the Kyoto Protocol have been the incomplete coverage across countries and lack of credibility. While significantly more onerous reduction commitments should be expected and required of developed countries in the name of economic fairness, GHG emissions must also be capped effectively in developing countries.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Clean Development Mechanism; Copenhagen Accord; Greenhouse gas emissions; Kyoto Protocol; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90593

Can't Get Ahead for Falling Behind: Development Policy, Poverty, and Relief Traps
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Carter,   Michael R.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93764

GROWTH, INEQUALITY, AND POVERTY IN LATIN AMERICA: A CAUSAL ANALYSIS, 1970-94
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25097

MARKET OPPORUNITIES FOR AFRICAN AGRICULTURE: AN EXAMINATION OF DEMAND-SIDE CONSTRAINTS ON AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Dorosh,   Paul A.; Rahman,   Shaikh Mahfuzur.
Rapid growth in the agricultural sector is central to any strategy for slashing poverty and hunger on the African continent. Yet investments aimed at increasing agricultural productivity need to be linked to market opportunities if they are not to depress commodity prices and farm incomes. It is widely perceived that high market transaction costs, weak domestic consumer demand, and lack of export possibilities are major constraints on agricultural growth prospects for Africa. But just how severe are these constraints, and what can be done to enhance market opportunities to enable agriculture to become a more powerful engine of growth for the continent?   This study addresses these questions. It concludes that non-traditional exports have the fewest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16169

Institutions and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence for a Cross-National Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vijayaraghavan,   Maya; Ward,   William A.
The relationship between institutional infrastructure and economic growth rates across 43 nations between the years 1975-90 is examined. Within the framework of the neoclassical growth model, this study integrates a broad set of institutional variables which together proxy for the overall institutional infrastructure of an economy. Security of property rights, governance, political freedom and size of government are the indicators used in the study, facilitating identification of the most important institutions that account for the observed variations in economic growth rates among nations. Results indicate that security of property rights and size of government are the most significant institutions that explain the variations in economic growth rates.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112952

Effects of Marketing Loans on U.S. Dry Peas and Lentils:  Supply Response and World Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   William W.; Lucier,   Gary.
The 2002 Farm Act required USDA to implement marketing loans for the 2002-07 crops of dry peas, lentils, and small chickpeas. This provision led to expanded acreage for dry peas and lentils, crops analyzed in this study. The analysis found that marketing loans played a role in expansion for dry peas in 2003-05 and for lentils in 2003. For dry peas and lentils, marketing loans contributed to acreage expansion in North Dakota and Montana. Simulation model results suggest that marketing loans had negligible impacts on world prices for dry peas and lentils in 2003-05. Impacts on U.S. exports were minor, increasing by about 2 percent in 2003.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dry peas; Lentils; Marketing loan; Supply response; World trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56454

Pathways out of poverty through maize and job's tear in Lao People's Democratic Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Douangsavanh,   Linkham; Bouahom,   Bounthong.
This working paper provides a more in-depth study focused on specific areas in Luang Prabang and Vientiane provinces as a continuation of the first phase study, which was a review of the history of production, marketing,consumption and policy related to secondary crops and non-secondary crops produced in Lao People's Democratic Republic. As maize and Job's tear are the most important secondary crops in Lao PDR, this study will focus on field investigations regarding the potentials and constraints in farming production, marketing and the processing industry of these crops.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32729

Crisis as a catalyst: the role of Schumpeterian innovation in the Lithuanian economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giedraitis,   Vincentas Rolandas; Rasteniene,   Ausra.
What circumstances allow businesses to flourish in a stagnant world economy? We ask that question in our discussion of the uniquely favorable circumstances of the biotechnology sector in Lithuania. The purpose of this paper is to analyze Lithuania’s ability to expand its economy during a time of crisis, focusing on its unique ability to innovate in such sectors as biotechnology.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Schumpeter; Innovation; Kondratiev wave; Biotechnology; Business cluster theory; Financial Economics; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94527

AN OPERATIONAL MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: SOME THOUGHTS ON GETTING THE INCENTIVES FOR PUBLIC POLICY RIGHT; Proceedings of the  Fifth Joint Conference on Agriculture, Food, and the Environment, June 17-18, 1996, Padova, Italy.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward; Archibald,   Sandra O.
As background for addressing agricultural policy and sustainable development issues, we address in this paper some general issues we believe it important to consider in developing a broad and consistent conceptual framework for the analysis of sustainability. The objective of this paper is to propose a comprehensive conceptual framework for bringing sustainability issues into practical public policy formulation.  A "people first" view is proposed: one that assumes that the ultimate purpose of natural resources and the economic system is first the well-being of mankind.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14447

Milk Contamination Problems in China - Implications for International Dairy Businesses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91360

SUSTAINABILITY WITH UNBALANCED GROWTH: THE ROLE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.; Anriquez,   Gustavo; Gulati,   Sumeet.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15839

Water Management and Agricultural Development in Central Asia: Case of Uzbekistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gemma,   Masahiko.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24393

Sources of Sectoral Growth in an Economy Wide Context: The Case of U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Munisamy,   Gopinath; Roe,   Terry L.
Growth in US agriculture is linked to the non-farm economy through domestic terms of trade and factor market adjustments. With almost stable input growth, the relatively large contributions from growth in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) are off-set by declining real prices of primary farm products. The resulting net growth in value of farm output, at 0.25 % per annum, implies that the gains in TFP are shared by intermediate and final consumers of farm products. The decomposition of TFP suggests that public agricultural stock of knowledge and infrastructure are 'robustly' associated with TFP growth, while spill-overs from private agricultural and economy wide Research and Development (R&amp;D) are positive but, relatively small.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7454

Special and Differential Treatment in the GATT: A Pyrrhic Victory for Developing Countries: Technical Annex
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Christie,   Andrew.
This document is the technical annex to the full paper "Special and Differential Treatment in the GATT: A Pyrrhic Victory for Developing Countries" which is available separately.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic development; Trade liberalization; GATT; Special and differential treatment; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55901

Agricultural Productivity Growth in the Caucasian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khachaturyan,   Marianna.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61874

The Co-Evolution of the Washington Consensus and The Economic Development Discourse
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
In this paper I give an account of development debates of the past two decades, focusing on the Washington Consensus and on the broader economic development discourse in historical context. Section 2 gives a basic account of the Washington consensus and how its meaning changed from the original formulation. Section 3 presents the evolution of the economic development discourse since the second-world-war, through the 1980s, up to the present. Section 4 asks if there is now a new consensus on economic development, in light of the recent report of the Commission on Growth and Development. Section 5 concludes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48920

AGRICULTURE AS A GROWTH SECTOR -- 1985 AND BEYOND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Lee R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13521

The Relationship Between Poverty, Inequality, and Growth in the Rural Ethiopia: Micro Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gelaw,   Fekadu.
This paper attempted to analyses the dynamic relationship between the three development objectives: inequality, growth and poverty. Given the vast majority of the population (about 85 percent) is living in the rural area and poverty being higher in rural than in urban Ethiopia, the Government’s focus on rural development can be acceptable if the country is to achieve its poverty reduction targets in near future. Contrary to this, the result of study shows that there has been no promising reduction in poverty in the past. The study used five rounds data collected from 18 rural villages through Ethiopian Rural Household Survey. FTG poverty measures, Gini index and General Entropy classes of inequality measures were calculated. Fixed Effect estimation was...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51915

Conceptualizing Informality: Regulation and Enforcement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
The informality discourse is large, vibrant and expanding fast. But there is a certain conceptual incoherence to the literature. New definitions of informality compete with old definitions leading to a plethora of alternative conceptualisations. While some individual studies may apply a tight definition consistently, the literature as a whole is in a mess. This paper proposes that informality and formality should be seen in direct relation to economic activity in the presence of specified regulation(s). Relative to the regulation(s), four conceptual categories that can help frame the analysis are: (A) regulation applicable and compliant, (B) regulation applicable and non-compliant, (C) regulation non-applicable after adjustment of activity and (D)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48926

SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: POETRY, POLICY AND SCIENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13601

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW CAPITAL REQUIREMENT DIRECTIVE IN HUNGARIAN BANKS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hegedus,   Gyula.
The key conclusions were that the new rules will in general reduce capital requirements for EU credit institutions by around 5% compared to present levels. Furthermore, the outcomes for the different approaches are in line with objectives particularly combining capital neutrality with appropriate incentives for institutions to move towards more sophisticated approaches. Finally, smaller domestic credit institutions adopting the simple approach will face slightly reduced capital charges; larger internationally active credit institutions adopting the more advanced approach will face substantially unchanged capital charges; smaller but specialised and sophisticated EU credit institutions adopting the advanced approach might face substantially lower capital...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Basel Committee; Basel Capital Accord; Capital Adequacy Framework; Capital Requirement Directive; CRD; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58916

THE APPLICATION OF SOCIAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS TO THE EVALUATION OF PROGRESA; FINAL REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16018

ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gutman,   G.O.
In Papua and New Guinea today a rapidly growing market economy, and a primitive subsistence economy exist side by side. Australian policy calls for more economic development and quicker advancement of the indigenous people. This means that tribal subsistence society must be drawn increasingly into the development of the market economy. Broad strategies for reaching these objectives are considered along with a closer examination of problems of land tenure, wage policy and planning machinery.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22282

Major Demographic Changes in Bangladesh and their Socio-economic Correlates: Analysis of Trends
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohammad,   Hossain; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Catalogues the demographic changes in Bangladesh during the period 1975-2000 and examines how they relate to key socio-economic attributes.  Trends are examined in population growth, growth of the working age population, women’s workforce participation, age-dependency ratio, female-male ratio, longevity, fertility, mortality and mean age at first marriage.  Bangladesh has made significant breakthroughs in all these areas, a feat not matched by most other South Asian countries, but comparable with the South-East Asia region as whole.  The study isolates factors contributing to the changes in each attribute.  It assesses the correlation between Bangladesh’s demographic changes and selected socio-economic indicators namely, its per capita GDP, female labour...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Population growth; Growth of the working age population; Women’s workforce participation; Bangladesh; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106950

ODDOLNE INICJATYWY JAKO SZANSA POPRAWY JAKOŚCI ŻYCIA NA WSI? WYNIKI STUDIUM PRZYPADKU W BAŁTOWIE (POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNIA POLSKA)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramzow,   Andreas.
Polskie obszary wiejskie nadal wykazują wysoki stopień zatrudnienia w rolnictwie w porównaniu z pozostałymi krajami Unii Europejskiej, co wynika z braku możliwości zatrudnienia w innych sektorach gospodarki na wsi. Szczególnie zamknięcie zakładów przemysłu ciężkiego we wczesnych latach 90-tych XX wieku pozostawiło wielu mieszkańców wsi na utrzymaniu jedynie z niewielkich dochodów prywatnych gospodarstw rolnych lub emerytur i rent. W gminie Bałtów (południowo-wschodnia Polska), w celu przeciwdziałania tej sytuacji, lokalne stowarzyszenia rozwojowe, wraz z lokalną grupą partnerską, podjęło inicjatywy stymulujące rozwój gospodarki regionalnej poprzez tworzenie infrastruktury turystycznej. Niniejsza praca przedstawia studium przypadku przeprowadzone w...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Słowa kluczowe: Rozwój wsi; Turystyka; Leader+; Inicjatywy oddolne; Polska; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; International Development; Land Economics/Use; P 32; Q 10; R 11.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90860

Do Exports Raise Productivity?  Plant-level Evidence from the Colombian Agri-food Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kandilov,   Ivan T.; Liu,   Xiangping.
Using detailed plant-level manufacturing Census data from the Colombian Agri-food industries, we show that exports raise plant-level productivity by about 15 to 20 percent.  However, the estimates reveal that efficiency in plants that become persistent exporters, i.e. plants that service foreign markets at least 30 percent of the time during our sample years 1981-1991, increases about 30 percent upon their entry into foreign markets, while productivity in plants that become only occasional exporters does not change at all.  Hence, the positive impact of exports on productivity for is driven by the large positive impact on persistent exporters.  To identify the effect of exports on plant-level productivity we employ the Levinsohn-Petrin (2003) measure of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exports; Productivity; Difference-in-differences; Propensity score matching; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q17; F12; Q12; O33.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103632

Trends and Spatial Distribution of Public Agricultural Spending in Zambia: Implication for Agricultural Productivity Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Govereh,   Jones; Malawo,   Emma; Lungu,   Tadeyo; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Chinyama,   Kasweka; Chilonda,   Pius.
This paper assesses the level and composition of the Zambia’s public expenditures in the agricultural sector from 2000 to 2008. By measuring the size of public agricultural expenditures, the study will answer whether the Government of Zambia met CAADP’s target of allocating 10% of national budget to agriculture in 2008. Furthermore, examining what the fund is being spent on will shed light on the extent to which spending contributes to agricultural growth. This review will also characterize the spatial patterns of expenditures across provincial boundaries. The results of this work will hopefully lay a foundation for future analysis of  the impacts of public agricultural spending on sector performance.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Zambia; Africa; Public finance; Growth; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54497

QUE PEUVENT NOUS DIRE LES CARTES DE PAUVRETE SUR LES PROGRAMMES D'AIDE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15908

Globalisation on the Ground: Global Production Networks, Competition, Regulation and Economic Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henderson,   Jeffrey.
This paper outlines a framework for the analysis of economic integration and its relation to the asymmetries of economic and social development. Breaking with state-centric forms of social science, it argues for a research agenda that is more adequate to the exigencies and consequences of globalisation than has traditionally been the case in 'development studies'. Reviewing earlier attempts to analyse the cross-border activities of firms, their spatial configurations and developmental consequences, the paper moves beyond these by proposing the framework of the 'global production network' (GPN). It explores the conceptual elements involved in this framework in some detail and then turns to an assessment of issues of competition and regulation for firms...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30605

What the Industrial Countries Can Do to Support Developing Countries' Development Goals
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krueger,   Anne O.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50093

Dynamics of Structural Transformation: Understanding the Key Factors That Drive Innovative Activities in Selected Asian and African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badibanga,   Thaddee Mutumba; Diao,   Xinshen; Roe,   Terry L.; Somwaru,   Agapi.
This paper develops a metric of structural transformation that can account for the production of new varieties of goods embodying advancements in technological know-how and design. Our measure captures the dynamics of an economy’s transformation and can be viewed as an extension of the static measure developed by Hausmann and Klinger (2006).  We apply this measure to four digit level sitc trade data of China, Malaysia and Ghana over the period 1962-2000.  The results show the rapid transformation of the Chinese economy is characterized by two important factors: the high proximity of its export basket to the three main industrial clusters – capital goods, consumer durable goods, and intermediate inputs, and the increase in the values of the new goods...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Structural Transformation; Discovery; Technological Change; International Development; F19; O14; O33; O40.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43890

WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO GROWTH IN LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morley,   Samuel A.
Growth in the first post-reform decade in Latin America has been disappointing, largely because of a severe slowdown after 1995 in the countries in South America. Per capita income grew at only .9% per year between 1995 and 1999 compared to 2.7% for 1950-80 and 1.5% for the nineties as a whole. What has gone wrong? The paper finds that neither falling investment, volatile capital inflows nor the implementation of structural reforms is the problem. Indeed relative growth performance across countries is positively related to the amount of reform they adopted. Instead the problem seems to relate to a significant reduction in the growth rate of exports since 1997. Mexico, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic did well, but every country in South America has...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16310

Development in the Midst of Drought: Evaluating an Agricultural Extension and Credit Program in Nicaragua.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullally,   Conner.
This paper measures the impact of year one of the Millennium Challenge Corporation’s Rural Business Development program for small rice farming households on the Pacific Coast of Nicaragua. The program was rolled out in the 2009-2010 agricultural year, which was the driest year on record in the region, likely due to an El Niño event. Estimated impacts show that the program at best had no effect, and at worst led to a 10 percent reduction in yields. These impacts are estimated using an econometric model which uses selection on observables as its identifying assumption, and robustness checks suggest that this is a reasonable approach in this case. Inference accounts for spatial correlation across households of the unobserved determinants of agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Development; Impact evaluation; Agricultural extension; Rural credit; Spatial; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103799

ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OVER TIME OF WEST JAVANESE RICE FARMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trewin,   Ray; Weiguo,   Lu; Erwidodo; Bahri,   Sjaiful.
The high costs and effectiveness of Indonesia's current mix of policies aimed at maintaining rice self-sufficiency, for example fertiliser and other subsidies, has been questioned. Consequently, attention has turned to developing policies to increase farmers yields through efficiencies, for example as a result of better extension. The main issue investigated in this article is whether existing yields can be significantly improved through increasing the efficiency of individual farmers. Production frontiers are estimated and technical efficiencies/inefficiencies predicted from panel data and for one year at a time. Different results are explained in relation to a number of aspects, especially the rate of adoption of new technologies, and policy actions are...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22400

THE ROLE OF TELEOLOGY IN ADAM SMITH'S WEALTH OF NATIONS: A BELATED REPLY TO KLEER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alvey,   James E.
In a recent article in the History of Economics Review, Richard Kleer discussed the role of teleology in Adam Smith’s economic work. Kleer has been at the forefront in promoting the ‘new teleological and theological view’ of Smith. In this view, Smith is portrayed as a theorist whose system of thought is fundamentally shaped by a belief in divine design and Providence. This revisionist account is in sharp contrast to the mainstream view of Smith as a secular follower of David Hume. As the title of his article indicates, Kleer focuses on the Wealth of Nations. In fact, Kleer’s focus is on economic growth, which is probably the central theme of that book. He shows that the mechanisms underlying economic growth are human instincts (rather than human...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23706

Livestock Banks and Food Security in Laos
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Begg,   Michael; Santos,   Paulo.
The literature analysing the impacts of livestock banks is limited to a small number of papers, mostly of a qualitative nature. This paper contributes to the knowledge on the impacts of this type of intervention on short- term household food security through the analysis of original data form 112 households that participated  in a pig bank in Laos. Taking advantage of the staggered implementation of the program, we use propensity score matching the show that receiving pigs reduces household rice production by approximately 34 percent in the first harvest after participation commenced. However, the effects are differentiated across initial wealth status of the beneficiary: if the household was classified as being poor before the start of the program,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Laos; Livestock banks; Rice production; Propensity score matching; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58883

The Effect of Policy and Policy Reforms on Non-Agricultural Enterprises and Employment in Developing Countries: A Review of Past Experiences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Liedholm,   Carl; Mead,   Donald C.
This paper explores two sets of issues. The first concerns the magnitude of policy  induced distortions in developing countries and the impact of these distortions on the economy,  paying special attention to differential impacts between firms of different sizes and resulting  effects on the level of employment. The second concerns the prior experience of donors and the  LDC governments with the process of policy change.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Downloads December 2008 - June 2009: 3; Q18.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54744

A STUDY ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF VILLAGE-BASED COOPERATIVES AS AN INSTITUTION OF DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hussein,   Maliha H.
The existing social and institutional structures at the village level are so occupied with immediate issues of survival that they have been unable to divert much of their energy to long term development goals.  The situation is characterized by the existence of "social traps" which lead people to adopt short term solutions and ignore the long term consequences of their actions.  At such low income levels future expected returns are also likely to be discounted at very high rates. It is a reflection of the state of affairs that very little new land was brought under cultivation since independence.  Individually, the farmers lacked the resources which could enable them to develop new land.  The opening of the Karakorum highway has created new economic...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10963

Nutritional status and access to clean fuels: Evidence from South Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Gupta,   Parul.
Indoor air pollution due to solid fuels is among the ten most important risk factors in global burden of disease leading to respiratory diseases, anaemia, blindness and other disorders. This study examines the correlations between fuel choice and the nutritional status of children. We also explore if factors such as income, kitchen location and education play any role in conditioning fuel choice. Our results suggest that the choice and use of fuel has long lasting effects on the growth and health of children. It is also associated with a higher frequency of respiratory disorders. We find that agricultural households predominantly use unclean fuels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Stunting; Indoor air pollution; Fuel choice; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103728

The Impact of Agricultural Aid on Agricultural Sector Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaya,   Ozgur; Kaya,   Ilker; Gunter,   Lewell F.
The primary objective of this study is to asses the impact of agricultural foreign aid on agricultural output in developing countries. In order to examine this effect, we will employ a cross-section time-series econometric model where we employ annual data from 1974 through 2005 for 112 developing countries that are aid recipients.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6743

AN INITIAL INVESTIGATION OF THE POTENTIAL FOR HERMETIC PURDUE IMPROVED CROP STORAGE (PICS) BAGS TO IMPROVE INCOMES FOR MAIZE PRODUCERS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Michael; Alexander,   Corinne E.; Lowenberg-DeBoer,   James.
Pests like the larger grain borer (P. truncatus) and the maize weevil (S. zeamis) cause significant storage losses for African maize producers.  The value of storage protection to a market-oriented farmer is a function of price seasonality, value loss prevention, and their opportunity costs of capital.  Evidence suggests that hermetic technologies like Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags can be effective against these key maize storage pests, but sustainable technology transfer requires that it be profitable for producers. This analysis references dry weight loss figures from key life science articles and builds on previous value loss research to provide a geographic model for potential storage technology adoption.  PICS bag profitability with one and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural pests; Technology adoption; Maize; Larger grain borer; Hermetic storage; Storage economics; Agribusiness; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q13; O33.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115554

The Role of Agriculture in Nigeria’s Economic Growth: A General Equilibrium Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ehui,   Simeon K.; Tsigas,   Marinos E.
Blessed with abundant land and water resources, Nigeria’s agricultural sector has a high potential for growth, but this potential is not being realized. Productivity is low and basically stagnant. Farming systems, which are mostly small in scale, are still predominantly subsistence-based and for the most part depend on the vagaries of the weather. Many agricultural policies have also been ineffective, either because they have been misguided, or because their impacts have been swamped by macro policies affecting inflation, exchange rates, and the cost of capital. Recognizing these challenges, the Federal Government of Nigeria has identified the modernization of the agricultural sector as a major priority. In this paper we have applied the Global Trade...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51787

A FRAMEWORK FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIAL PRODUCTS WITHIN THE WTO:  A CLOSER LOOK AT FOUR COMMODITIES IN BARBADOS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marcus-Burnett,   Emalene.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Special products; Sensitive commodities; WTO; CARICOM Single Market and Economy; CAES; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36951

Cornell-SEWA-WIEGO 2008 Dialogue - Ahmedabad and Delhi Compendium of Personal and Technical Notes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bali,   Namrata; Basu,   Kaushik; Bhorat,   Haroon; Carre,   Francoise; Chen,   Martha Alter; Fields,   Gary S.; Jhabvala,   Renana; Kanbur,   Ravi; Lund,   Francie; Unni,   Jeemol; Valodia,   Imraan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51152

The Value of Accurate Crop Production Forecasts.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Rashid,   Shahidur.
Crop production forecasts are widely recognized as an important input into food balance sheets and for anticipating production shortfalls. However, the role of accurate crop production forecasting systems in mitigating food price instability and transitory food insecurity is often under-appreciated. This paper explains how crop production forecasting systems affect price instability and risks, and how they can be improved to stabilize the food system.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Forecasts; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis; C10; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97032

IFPRI PERSPECTIVES - Volume 25, August 2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Headlines:  Thinking Inside the Boxes; Passing the Baton; Agriculture Drives Economic Growth in Africa; For Latest Research Results, Go to Info Finder; South Asian Countries Swap Lessons Learned; Lack of Markets Contributes to Famine in Malawi.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16496

Agricultural Change and Population Growth: District-Level Evidence From India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Witcover,   Julie; Vosti,   Stephen A.; Lipton,   Michael.
Green Revolution technologies were developed and promoted in the 1960s in response to alarm about impending famine in Asia. By boosting food supplies and fostering development, the technologies were expected to create "breathing space" for completing demographic transitions there. This paper uses District-level data from rural India on agricultural transformation (from 1961 to 1981) and on changes in human fertility (from 1971 to 1981) to examine whether they did so. In a reduced form model, female literacy and marriage rates emerged as strong fertility change determinants; effects varied by age cohort. Growth in real wages in rural areas, in part brought about by HYV technologies, accelerated fertility declines. With real wage growth effects of Green...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Q16; J1; Q18; D1; O3.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25443

BIOTECH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: FROM A GENE REVOLUTION TO A DOUBLY GREEN REVOLUTION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tollens,   Eric; Demont,   Matty.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31849

Curriculum Enhancement and Reform to Meet the Needs of Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries: Survey of Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maredia,   Mywish K.
The agricultural education system plays an important role in developing knowledge resources and preparing well-trained individuals and the next generation of labor force that becomes part of the public sector (government), the private sector (entrepreneurs, farm producers, agri-business entities) and the NGOs. An education system that is innovative and responsive to the complex and rapidly changing work environment is critical to ensure the effectiveness of all the institutions that contribute to agricultural development agenda. To make the education system responsive requires developing and implementing curriculum and teaching programs that are relevant to the production needs and employment demands of the agricultural sector. This paper reviews the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Tertiary education; Curriculum reform; Training; Capacity building; Agricultural development; Developing countries; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; O15:Human Resources-Human Development-Income Distribution-Migration; M53:Training; I23: Higher Education and Research Institutions; Q16:R&amp;D-Agricultural Technology-Biofuels-Agricultural Extension Services.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105395

The Economics of Agricultural Development: What Have We Learned?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roumasset,   James A.
The history of thought in the field of Economic Development and corresponding development programs have gone through a series of identifiable phases. Phases of theory and praxis in Agricultural Development are likewise compared. In both cases, there is an apparent lost opportunity to learn the lessons of past failures and successes before moving to the next fad. After reviewing several policy and program areas, a few lessons are synthesized, a forward-looking research framework suggested, and the appropriate role of foreign aid discussed. A particular theme of interest is the balance in thinking and programs between social engineering and facilitation of economic cooperation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25598

Do fluctuations in wine stocks affect wine prices?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bukenya,   James O.; Labys,   Walter C.
Globalization and the expansion of world wine trade have caused a wine boom that together with agricultural subsidies have made fluctuations in wine inventories a more critical issue. In the case of domestic and international wine markets, little is known about intertemporal inventory adjustments and how they relate to prices. We investigate possible dynamic relations between these variables in a time series context, so as to better understand how wine producers and traders can face growing price and financial volatility. Countries for whom meaningful data series could be constructed include: Argentina, Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United States. The study begins by examining the empirical evidence on inventories in these markets and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37317

TRADE INSECURITY AND FOOD SECURITY: AFTER SEATTLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Runge,   C. Ford; Senauer,   Benjamin.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14374

RESOURCE ABUNDANCE, GOVERNANCE AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN TURKMENISTAN AND UZBEKISTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pomfret,   Richard.
This paper analyses the connection between resource wealth, governance and economic performance in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Since independence, both countries have remained heavily resource-dependent and they have had political stability, but despite some similarities, their economic situations have been diverging since the transition shock in 1991. Although the two countries are resource-abundant, their resource endowments differ: both have energy resources and farmland suited to cotton-growing, but Turkmenistan's resource base is heavily skewed towards natural gas, with cotton and oil of lesser importance, and with very little other economic activity. Uzbekistan's major exports are cotton and gold, with energy endowments sufficient to cover domestic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18735

Impacts of Land Rental Markets on Rural Poverty in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Songqing; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This study uses panel data from 1,142 Kenya smallholder households over four survey periods to examine the determinants of participation in land rental markets and to quantify the impact of renting land on households’ crop income and total income. We find that land rental markets in Kenya enhance productivity and are equitable. The results are consistent across different estimation methods and model specifications. Dynamic panel models were used to assess the impact of rental participation on households’ crop income and total income.  After controlling for the endogeneity of rental market participation and the persistent effects of lagged income, we find that the decision to rent land increased tenant households’ net crop (net total) income by 25.1 (6.6)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land rental market; Kenya; Income; Poverty; Dynamic model; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; O12; Q13; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103907

Fiscal stimulations for improving the business environment in Republic of Macedonia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gaber,   Stevan.
In conditions when the national economy is hit hard with catastrophic economic consequences from financial crises, mutual coordinative approach between fiscal authorities and independent monetary institution, entrusted for macroeconomic stability, is particularly essential. This paper focuses on the situation, when there is not, at least temporary, constructive dialog between the two most important institutions in the country, and consequences are paid by enterprises and citizens.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Budget deficit financing; Restrictive monetary policy; Policy coordination; Bank reserve rate requirement.; International Development; Public Economics; E6.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94575

Thirty Years of Economic Reform and Openness in China: Retrospect and Prospect
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
This article provides a general coverage of political decisions in China to undertake, continue and extend its economic reforms and its goal of opening up to the outside world. It also considers the consequences of Chinese policies. The period leading up to the decision in 1978 to begin the reforms is considered first, particularly the period beginning in 1976, the year in which Zhou Enlai and Mao Zedong died and the Gang of Four were arrested. Hu Guofeng succeeded Mao Zedong a Chairman of the CCP but did not propose any new ways forward for China. By 1978, however, Deng Xiaoping was able to exert substantial influence on the policy choices of the CCP. As discussed, the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP held in 1978 adopted his...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Chinese policies; Chinese Communist Party (CCP); China's economic reforms; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90620

Implications of the New Growth Theory to Trade, Trade Research, and Trade Policy: Discussion
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50867

Modelling the Fiscal Effects of Aid: An Impulse Response Approach for Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morrissey,   Oliver; Osei,   Robert; Lloyd,   Tim A.
An important feature of aid to developing countries is that it is given to the government. As a result aid has the potential to affect budgetary behaviour. Although the (albeit limited) aid-growth literature has addressed the effect of aid on policy, it has tended to neglect the effect of aid on the fiscal behaviour of governments. While fiscal response models have been developed to examine the effects of aid on fiscal aggregates - taxation, expenditure and borrowing - the underlying theory is ad hoc and empirical methods used are subject to severe limitations. This paper applies techniques developed in the "macroeconometrics" literature to estimate the dynamic structural relationship between aid and fiscal aggregates. Using vector autoregressive methods,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Aid; Fiscal Response; Ghana; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F35; O23; O11; O55.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26226

The role of rural off-farm employment in agricultural development among farm households in low-income countries: Evidence from Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chikwama,   Cornilius.
This study examines the widely held view that earnings from rural wage employment can help farm households overcome constraints on farm investments. It uses a panel dataset of 359 randomly selected farm households from three resettlement areas in Zimbabwe over the period 1996/97 to 1998/99. It finds no evidence to support the hypothesis that income from rural wage employment contributes towards increasing farm investment for the sampled households, and it attributes this to very low savings rates on rural wage employment income. Further, it finds that levels of farm investment increase with the amount of labor and land used in farm production in the previous year, and for households with male and/or older household heads. It also finds an inverse relation...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Rural off-farm wage employment; Farm investment; Agricultural development; Sub-Saharan Africa; Zimbabwe; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; O12; O18; J40; R20.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93874

PUBLIC INVESTMENT ANALYSIS AND ITS RELEVANCE TO DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN THE LDC'S
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Joseph S.
Over the past two decades public investment analysis has increased considerably, both in theory and practice.  This can be observed from the vast amount of literature which is now available in this field compared to the interwar period, and the use being made of benefit cost analysis and other related investment analysis in decision making for the allocation of public resources.  Public investment analysis in the form of benefit cost analysis was first explored by a Frenchman, Jules Dupuit, towards the middle of the 19th century.  The first systematic attempt to apply benefit cost analysis to public economic decisions seemed to have occurred in the United States, however.  This occurred in the field of water resource development.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11063

Der Markt für Zucker
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sommer,   Ulrich.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98694

POPULATION GROWTH AND POLICY OPTIONS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bongaarts,   John; Bruce,   Judith.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16208

Adaptiveness in Water Management Institutions in India: Nature and Impact
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhamoriya,   Vaibhav P.; Gandhi,   Vasant P.
The effective management of water resources is assuming enormous importance in India in the recent years. Sound water resource use is crucial for sustaining and raising food production, increasing rural incomes, alleviating poverty, and meeting drinking water as well as other human and industrial needs. It is now widely recognized that apart from engineering feats, good institutional arrangements are crucial for the sound management of the resource. In light of this, the development of water institutions has been taken up in India, but remains a major weakness. Existing water institutions are found to be lacking on various counts, and one of the critical deficiencies identified is the lack of adaptiveness to the significantly varying resource status, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58885

Control of Footrot in Small Ruminants of Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McLeod,   Ross.
Footrot, a bacterial disease which attacks the feet of sheep and goats causing lameness and high levels of flock mortality, was endemic in the western districts of Nepal. As a result of the collaborative efforts between Nepalese, Australian and British scientists within ACIAR projects AS2/1991/017 and AS2/1996/021, the virulent form of this disease has been eradicated from the livestock industries of the country. The economic benefits stemming from this achievement are described and quantified in this report. Over the 1993–2022 period, ACIAR invested $A1.5 million in research designed to improve the management of footrot in Nepal. Based on levels of disease prevalence reported at the beginning of the projects and a probability of the disease spreading to...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Footrot; Ruminants; Bacterial disease; Nepal; Australia; Livestock; Economic benefits; Net present value; Benefit-cost ratio; Disease eradication; Farm Management; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47694

Farmers’ Choice and Informal Credit Markets in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yuan,   Yan; Hu,   Youxin; Gao,   Ping.
Informal credit markets are very active in many developing countries including China. Informal financial associations have become a major channel of borrowing. Using data from the 2006 Rural Household Survey, this paper investigates farmers’ borrowings from both formal and informal sources with higher/lower interest, by looking into both demand and supply of loan. Consistent with the theory and previous studies, age follows an inverted U-shaped pattern in its relationship with the probability of borrowing from informal loan with higher interest. Our study shows that the impact of age disappears for the formal loan participation. In addition, high income and saving imply lower credit constraints. Moreover, household and county characteristics and financial...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Informal credit; Financial constraints; China; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Q12; C5; G21.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103887

The Green Revolution: The Role of CIMMYT and What Lies Ahead
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Borlaug,   Norman E.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50669

HISTÓRIA, CULTURA E TRADIÇÃO: ESTRATÉGIAS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campos,   Jurema Iara; Valente,   Ana Lucia Eduardo Farah.
A busca de estratégias para a conquista dos consumidores por meio da construção social do mercado é uma das formas de os agricultores familiares gerarem renda. O presente estudo buscou analisar, a partir de uma comunidade de agricultores do município de Alto Paraíso de Goiás, a inserção da produção local de café no agronegócio. O nordeste do estado de Goiás é uma das regiões brasileiras detentora de abundância de recursos naturais. A presença do Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros e a existência de profecias esotéricas referentes à região estimularam a população local à exploração do turismo ecológico e místico a partir dos anos 1960. Porém, o fluxo de turistas para o território teve grande diminuição após o ano 2000 devido à ocorrência de problemas...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar; Café; Abordagem territorial; Agronegócio; Estratégia de comercialização; Family farming; Coffee; Territorial approach; Agribusiness; Marketing strategy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109724

The Outlook for Agriculture and Rural Development in the Americas 2011 -2012
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: ECLAC; FAO; IICA.
Since late 2010 and continuing into 2011, price volatility, in relation to basic agricultural commodities, has occupied center stage on the agendas of decision makers.  An additional concern has been uncertainty about a new global economic crisis in the wake of the macroeconomic difficulties experienced in the economies of several European countries and the United States.  In recent months, this situation has been compounded by the food crisis in the Horn of Africa --a reminder of the extremely vulnerable conditions under which broad segments of the world population continue to live.  This third edition of Outlook for Agriculture and Rural Development in the Americas: a Perspective on Latin America and the Caribbean is an informational and analytical tool...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119195

THE IMPACT OF BOUNDARY ORGANIZATIONS ON DECISION-MAKING UNDER UNCERTAINTY A MULTI-AGENT SIMULATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boissin,   Denis.
Modern environmental issues imply that decision-makers have the capacity to take into account possibly conflicting information from distinct domains, such as science and economics. As the development of technology increases the temporal and spatial scopes of risks, decision-makers can no longer consider economic and scientific information separately but should encourage experts to work together. Boundary organizations, institutions that cross the gap between two different domains, are able to act beyond the boundaries while remaining accountable to each side (Guston, 2001). By encouraging a flow of information across the boundaries, they permit an exchange to take place, while maintaining the authority of each domain (Cash et al., 2003; Clark et al.,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Decision-making; Opinion; Agent-based simulation; Multi-agent; Boundary organization; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53532

Rural networks in the funding period 2007-2013: A critical review of the EU policy instrument.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marquardt,   Doris.
Rural Networks have been implemented as an instrument to enhance EU rural development policies in the funding period 2007-2013. Gaps in European programme documents concerning the networks’ purpose and their evaluation led to a survey of the National Network Units being conducted in 2010. Besides investigating how these gaps are bridged nationally, the survey aimed to provide an overview of the development of the networks, of the initial experiences and challenges faced in running the networks, and to assess their potential impact. Empirical findings show that the networks probably support rural development (policies) and create added value. However, ways of demonstrating this impact in quantitative terms are lacking. Member states tend to stick closely to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: National Rural Networks; Policy Instrument; Rural Development; CAP; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q18; D85.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109517

Public Inputs and Endogenous Growth in the Agricultural Sector: a Dynamic Dual Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Onofri,   Alejandro; Fulginiti,   Lilyan E.
This paper examines growth in the U.S. agricultural sector under the conditions hypothesized by endogenous growth theory. Public capital and R&amp;D are explicitly considered to capture the effects of public inputs in a model based on dynamic duality theory. Results support some necessary conditions for this hypothesis to be true.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20438

What is the irrigation potential for Africa? A Combined Biophysical and Socioeconomic Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: You,   Liangzhi; Ringler,   Claudia; Nelson,   Gerald C.; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike; Robertson,   Richard D.; Wood,   Stanley; Guo,   Zhe; Zhu,   Tingju; Sun,   Yan.
Although irrigation in Africa has the potential to boost agricultural productivities by at least 50 percent, food production on the continent is almost entirely rainfed. The area equipped for irrigation, currently slightly more than 13 million hectares, makes up just 6 percent of the total cultivated area. Eighty-five percent of Africa’s poor live in rural areas and mostly depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. As a result, agricultural development is key to ending poverty on the continent. Many development organizations have recently proposed to significantly increase investments in irrigation in the region. However, the potential for irrigation investments in Africa is highly dependent upon geographic, hydrologic, agronomic, and economic factors...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Irrigation potential; Internal rate of return; Large-scale irrigation; Small-scale irrigation; Investment; Africa; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93736

The Roles of Agriculture in the Development Process: Recent Experiences and Lessons from Ethiopia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebre-Selassie,   Samuel.
Political and economic reforms have been implemented for a number of years to alter the institutional, infrastructural and financial/economic environment in which Ethiopian agriculture operates. Changing the environment in which agriculture operates may be an intermediate goal; at the end, the question remains; have the new reforms and policies had the capacity to improve the performance of the sector and its roles in the development process of the economy? And have they contributed to the generation of positive environmental externalities? In comparison to the two decades (1970s and 1980s) that precedes the reform of the 1990s. Ethiopian agriculture has been doing better since the reform. Total production of food crops has improved and the rate at which...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9530

Greek Olive Oil: How Can Its International Market Potential Be Realized?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vlontzos,   George N.; Duquenne,   Marie-Noelle.
Trade issues affecting virgin olive oil originating in Greece are examined. A gravity model is estimated to determine the factors affecting trade in olive oil. The results provided by the gravity model yield information that is central to determining the strengths and weaknesses of the sector, as well as the opportunities and threats that exist. Finally, some proposals and suggestions are developed for increasing the international competitiveness of the Greek olive oil industry and endowing it with essential quality and safety assurances.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Gravity model; Olive oil; Quality; Trade flows; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42310

Democracy, rent seeking, and growth: Is there a U curve?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohtadi,   Hamid; Roe,   Terry L.
A simple two-sector endogenous growth model of government spending and growth is developed with a producing and a lobbying sector.  Lobbyists divert government spending for private gains.  One key innovation is this: With democratization, information (and power) becomes more diffused (public), allowing more lobbyists to lobby but reducing gains per lobbyist.  Thus, aggregate rents rise with the number of lobbyists but fall with increasing competition among them.  This simple mechanism produces a "U" curve in which growth falls with early democratization but rises later, and a related "inverted U" curve in which rents rise with early democratization but fall later.  Extensive empirical test of the interrelationship between growth, government spending,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7485

Food Security in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Boughton,   Duncan; Donovan,   Cynthia.
This paper provides a systematic definition of food security, focusing on its different dimensions; examines the nature and magnitude of the different dimensions of food insecurity in developing countries; discusses the difficult tradeoffs that policy makers face in trying to address food security’s multiple dimensions simultaneously; and explores promising new approaches to address food insecurity. The geographic focus is on Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where the majority of the world’s food insecure people live.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Hunger; Poverty; Food policy; Economic development; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O13; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49227

An Assessment of Consumer Satisfaction for Food Retail Chains: A Case Study from Turkey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akpinar,   Goksel; Gul,   Mevlut; Gulcan,   Sinem.
Consumer oriented marketing concept appeared to be effective in accordance to the shift from the traditional marketing approach to the modern marketing approach. This process brings about the concept of customer value in retail food sector as it is the case in other sectors. The rise in number and variety of shopping units that operate in the retail market drives firms into value based marketing concept. Due to the positive effect on the relationship between customer value and customer satisfaction, measuring customer satisfaction in order to increase customer value in sector has gained importance. This study is focuses on determination of satisfaction level of customers who make shopping in local and national supermarket chains operating in retail food...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Retailing; Supermarket; Consumer Satisfaction; Turkey; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121995

Perceptions and Participation: Mistaken Beliefs, Encouragement Designs, and Demand for Index Insurance.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullally,   Conner; Boucher,   Stephen R.; Carter,   Michael R.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/20/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61002

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON THE REGIONAL GROWTH AND COMPETITIVENESS IN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bronisz,   Urszula; Heijman,   Wim J.M.
This article aims at presenting different approaches to the phenomenon of social capital. The concept of social capital is ambiguous and that is why we will highlight a number of definitions of this notion. The central attention of the paper focuses on the relationship between social capital and regional development and competitiveness. The fundamental question concerns the impact of social capital on the regional economic performance. Hence, we will survey the empirical examination of 16 Polish regions in terms of social capital. We will also study whether the regional level of social capital depends on the level of competitiveness. The purpose of this article is also to make a contribution to the discussion concerning the relationship between economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Regional growth; Polish regions; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57395

Receiving incorrect information is costly: Diffusion and accuracy of market information among farmers in northern Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zanello,   Giacomo; Shankar,   Bhavani; Srinivasan,   Chittur S.
The recent adoption of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs, namely mobile phones and radios) in rural areas of Sub- Saharan Africa has brought new evidence that an updated and reliable flow of information can have direct benefits for farmers' welfare. However, if correct market information can benefit the users, incorrect information can be costly. In this study we explore the diffusion (quantity) and the accuracy (quality) of price information among farmers in northern Ghana, with a focus on the role of ICTs.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market behaviour; Transaction costs; Information technologies; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D82; D83; D84; O12; O55.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123967

Commercialization of Agriculture Under Population Pressure: Effects on Production, Consumption, and Nutrition in Rwanda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim; de Haen,   Hartwig; Blanken,   Juergen.
Rapid population growth in agroecologies that are already under high population pressure poses a major challenge for development policy. It becomes an even greater challenge in complex agroecologies where little new technology for rapid agricultural expansion is available. The mountain zones of the Zaire-Nile Divide in Central Africa present an example of such a challenging environment where agriculture has encroached onto marginal zones, that is, water catchment areas and the last tropical forests of the area. This study by von Braun, de Haen, and Blanken highlights the potentials of agricultural development for the employment, income, and consumption of the poor, but also stresses that nonagricultural rural growth and employment expansion are key to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture and State; Rwanda; Produce trade; Government policy; Exports; Food supply; Nutrition policy; Population; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42154

LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS AND SOCIAL PROTECTION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baijolova,   Raisa.
The paper discusses topical problems of labor market in Kazakhstan and issues on social protection of population.  Main measures taken by the government on social protection of population, also major social protection policy directions are observed. In addition, the author indicates on issues demanding specific attention of the government social regulation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Labor market; Unemployment; Social protection; International Development; Public Economics; J20; J28.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94542

MIGRATION, CREDIT AVAILABILITY, AND EXPENDITURE GROWTH IN RURAL VIETNAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Harigaya,   Tomoko; de Brauw,   Alan.
This paper's objective is to describe and explain expenditure growth in Vietnam over the 1990s. Using two rounds of the Vietnam Living Standards Survey, we describe and explain household specific expenditure growth rates and poverty statistics. We find that while credit access does not affect growth, migration does.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20030

Re-opening the U.S./Canadian Border to Live Cattle and Beef Trade: Estimated Impacts on U.S. Beef Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marsh,   John M.; Brester,   Gary W.; Smith,   Vincent H.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29154

WESTERN CANADA’S EXPORTS: CAUSES AND IMPLICATIONS OF CHANGING COMPETITIVENESS IN KEY MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mirus,   Rolf; Ryan,   Chris.
This report surveys the export performance of Western Canadian goods producers for the period 1995 to 2007. During that period Canada’s GDP growth outpaced export growth, but Western Canada’s exports grew at a faster rate than Canada’s exports overall, resulting in increased weight of Western exports in Canada’s total. As well, Western Canada’s exports have shifted significantly towards the NAFTA markets of US and Mexico. The composition of products exported from the West and the individual provinces is shown in detail. Each province is found to have unique export strengths. During the observation period, B.C.’s exports were the most volatile and Manitoba’s the least, but overall the provincial economies of Alberta and Saskatchewan were the most volatile....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Western Canada; International trade; Trade; Competitiveness; Key markets; NAFTA; FTA; Free trade agreements; Imports; Exports; United States; Alberta; Western provinces; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60430

Analysis of the Constraints to the Development of a Domestic Improved Seed Potato Industry in Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Marthe.
This paper outlines proposed research, using concepts of New Institutional Economics, to identify the factors constraining the emergence of a market for domestically produced improved seed potatoes in Mali.  It uses the Principal –Agent model to outline how to investigate the feasibility of developing a domestic seed potato industry in Mali by applying the concepts of efficient contract designs and other institutional arrangements. This research will contribute to the literature on: (a) contract and institutional design in the context of asymmetric information and uncertainty typical of agricultural markets in low-income countries and (b) design of improved seed production systems, particularly for clonal crops, in developing countries. The Malian potato...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Principal-agent model; Seed systems; Mali; Agricultural technology development; Input markets; Contracting; Potatoes; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D82; L14; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50351

SECURITY IS LIKE OXYGEN: EVIDENCE FROM UGANDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Since the early 1990s, Uganda has been one of Africa’s fastest growing countries. However, at the sub-national level, growth has been uneven due to civil conflict in the northern region. Using a panel of household and community level data, this paper examines the links between security and economic growth. It is found that security is a pre-condition for successful economic development and that there is in fact a threshold level of security below which public investments in infrastructure and education have little impact on growth. Only when security exceeds this threshold do public investments stimulate economic growth. Economists and policy advisors living in peaceful countries often prescribe economic policies that hinge on the assumption of good...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Security; Civil Strife; Growth; Poverty; Uganda; Africa; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16172

The Political Economy of Agricultural Transition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50836

Agricultural Trade Policy Options for Sri Lanka During Crisis Times
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weerahewa,   Jeevika; Meilke,   Karl D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sri Lanka; Trade; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90882

Development of commodity exchange in Croatia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sicel,   Mladen.
Purpose of this thesis work is to show relevance and necessarity for existing of commodity exchange and it’s influence to the economy of Croatia. Because eastern part of Croatia, region called Slavonia is mostly agricultural oriented, it is of essential relevance to establish and make operate of first commodity exchange in Croatia.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Commodity exchange; Croatia; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49233

Situation Synthétique de la CMDT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango; Traore,   Abdramane.
This note presents the situation of the Malian cotton sector as of 2001/02, with emphasis on the possibility of emerging from the crisis at that time. ] The CMDT, the Malian company for textile development, has as its mission the production, storage, and marketing of cotton. Despite excellent performance over the years, CMDT was faced by a major crisis in 1999/2000 which has persisted. Cotton is very important to the Malian economy. The area of the cotton zone is about 163,303 km2, and included a population of about 3.8 million in 2000. Income from cotton was 96.5 billion CFA francs in 1998/99. However, since the 1999/00 campaign, the producers’ income decreased, falling to 41.3 billion CFA francs in 2000/01. Since the devaluation of the CFA franc in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; Cotton; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55457

State-of-the-Art in Regional Computable General Equilibrium Modelling with a Case Study of the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodriguez,   U-Primo E.
The developments in regional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have been reviewed with a view to identify future directions for modelling in the Philippines. It is observed that regional CGE models have been used extensively in the analysis of national and regional issues. These models can be divided into three classes: region-specific, bottomup and “partial” models. This paper asserts that existing models of the Philippines generally belong to the third class. This implies that there is very little scope for evaluating region-specific issues in the Philippines.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47419

Does agricultural growth have a causal effect on manufacturing growth?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shifa,   Abdulaziz B.
Though the role of agricultural growth for manufacturing growth has been at the center of the discourse on economic development, empirically identifying the causal effect of agricultural growth on manufacturing growth has remained illusive for the correlation between the two doesn't necessarily imply causality. This paper attempts to overcome the identification problem. Since agriculture is heavily dependent on the weather, random weather variations are used as instruments to identify the causal impact of agricultural growth on manufacturing growth. Results show that agricultural growth has a significant positive impact on manufacturing growth. The impact is higher the higher is agriculture's share in the economy (as measured by GDP and employment share)....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Growth; Manufacturing Growth; Instrumental variable.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O14; O25; Q10.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116003

INSTITUTIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE: HOW TO INCREASE COMMERCIALIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15005

Uncovering Productivity Growth in the Disaggregate:  Indonesia's Dueling Agricultural Sub-Sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rada,   Nicholas E.; Buccola,   Steven T.; Fuglie,   Keith O.
The success of seed-fertilizer technologies and government subsidies in attaining nearly self-sufficient rice production in the mid-1980s encouraged the Indonesian government soon afterward to shift resources away from food crops and toward export-oriented crops.  These shifts were reinforced by trade liberalization and a sharp devaluation of the rupiah after the 1997 Asian financial crisis, which exerted Indonesia’s comparative advantage in tropical perennial products.  In the present paper, we ask whether such events have altered Indonesia’s agricultural growth strategy from a food-crop to an export-crop one.  With an innovative multi-output stochastic distance frontier model and provincial production and policy-related data from 1985 to 2005, we...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural research; Indonesia; Shephard distance function; Stochastic frontier; Technical change; Technical efficiency; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61021

An Evaluation of The Impact of Globalization on the U.S. Dairy Industry: Threats, Opportunities and Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91364

Modelling the Adoption of HYV Technology in Developing Economies: Theory and Empirics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quilkey,   John J.; Pradhan,   Jadunath.
Modelling the adoption of HYV technology in developing economies may be effectively prosecuted at the microlevel in a non-separable, decision-theoretic system. The degree of adoption of high-yielding varieties of rice can be incorporated into the household decision framework and account can be taken of imperfections in labour and commodity markets. Despite the gap between theory and practice, an embryonic empirical model is implemented using survey data from Orissa, India to appraise the effectiveness of a range of agricultural policies on farm-family welfare, farm output, marketed surplus of food and rural employment.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9592

EFFICIENCY CHANGE AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN EAST ASIAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Luh,   Yir-Hueih; Chang,   Ching-Cheng.
This study focuses on identifying the sources of agricultural growth for eight East Asian economies - with special emphasis on international knowledge spillovers.  The Malmquist productivity growth index and its two components are calculated and regressed on variables including domestic R&amp;D and international spillovers to characterize the differential patterns of growth.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20220

PERSPECTIVES ON FUTURE RESEARCH IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN TRANSITION AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi.
Measuring the Progress Toward Market is proposed as the unifying theme for the next stage of transition research.  The main areas included in the research agenda focus on land ownership and land markets, changes in farming structure and farm organization, agricultural labor adjustment, introduction of hard budget constraints and real bankruptcy procedures.  The emergence of functioning market services should be studied in the perspective of demonopolization and competition, with special emphasis on development of service cooperatives.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14975

Trade Costs and the Gains from Trade in Crop Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reimer,   Jeffrey J.; Li,   Man.
Forthcoming in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Geography; Grains; Trade costs; Trade liberalization; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q17; Q54; F18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61169

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TEACHING ON AGRICULTURAL MARKETS IN RUSSIA FROM THE 18TH TO THE 20TH CENTURY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shaikiu,   Doz W.W.; Wandel,   Jurgen.
The transition to market principles in Russia’s agro-food sector forced the country’s agricultural institutes of higher education to adapt their curriculum to the new economic system. This included the introduction of the subject "studies of agricultural markets". The paper shows that until the collectivization of agriculture in the early 1930s Russia did, in fact, have an own tradition in this discipline, which was influenced by well-known Russian economists like Chaynov and Kondratyev.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Россия; Учение о сельскохозяйственных рынках; История науки; Russland; Landwirtschaftliche Marktlehre; Wissenschaftsgeschichte; Russia; Teaching on agricultural markets; History of science.; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; B 0.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91765

International Dairy Notes, May 2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.
U.S. dairy exports recovering from depressed 2009.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91369

Do cooperatives help the poor? Evidence from Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodrigo,   Maria F.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty trap; Cooperatives; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124388

Agricultural Development in Traditional Asian Economies: Observations Prompted by a Livestock Study in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
China began its economic reforms in 1979 and Vietnam followed in 1986. Since then both countries have experienced rapid economic growth, falling poverty rates and significant rises in per capita income. At the same time, substantial restructuring of their economies has occurred, a feature of which has been a decline in the relative contribution of agriculture to total employment and output. These changes are outlined. Significant changes have also occurred in the agricultural sectors of China and Vietnam and these are reviewed. In both countries, the livestock sector has grown in relative importance. Households are the main contributors to agricultural production but their individual holdings of land are small and households keeping livestock mostly only...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Asia; China; Economic transition; Farm employment; Land reforms; Land rights; Livestock; Non-farm employment; Structural change; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Q10; Q15; Q18; O2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90629

A REVIEW OF FOOD SECURITY AND HUMAN NUTRITION ISSUES IN NEPAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shively,   Gerald E.; Gars,   Jared; Sununtnasuk,   Celeste.
Nepal faces multiple development challenges, including chronic and widespread food insecurity and adult and child malnutrition. Due to population growth, agricultural stagnation and a range of institutional failures, the threat of a serious food crisis in Nepal is substantial. The recent scaling back of WFP assistance means that food security conditions in some parts of Nepal will undoubtedly worsen in the near future. This paper presents a brief review of topics and available evidence regarding food security, malnutrition and related subjects in Nepal. It is intended to document important source material and provide an overview of topics for non-specialists or those moving into new areas of concern.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Health; Nutrition; Nepal; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; I12; I31; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116190

Food-safety Standards and Farmers Health: Evidence from Kenyan’s Export Vegetable Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asfaw,   Solomon; Mithofer,   Dagmar; Waibel,   Hermann.
Limited empirical evidence exists either to confirm or refute the hypotheses that food-safety standards confer a positive external effect on farmers adopting it. This article makes use of health indicators obtained from a random cross-section sample of 439 small-scale export farmers in Kenya to evaluate the impact of EU retailer food-safety standards on producers’ health. Results show average cost of pesticide-related health risks at about 165 KSh and 324 KSh per cropping season for GlobalGAP adopters and non-adopters export producers, respectively. These costs equal 86.4% of the mean household chemical expenditure per cropping season for non-adopters and 39.6% of those adopters. Using instrumental variable econometric techniques we demonstrate that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vegetables; GlobalGAP standards; Adoption; Pesticide; Farmer’s health; Kenya; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49928

Journal Frontmatter
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes front cover and editorial information.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117943

GROWTH STAGE THEORIES AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1965
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22652

SCHOOLS, SKILLS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: EDUCATION POLICIES, STUDENT LEARNING AND SOCIOECONOMIC OUTCOMES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glewwe,   Paul.
This paper reviews recent research on the determinants of educational outcomes, and the impact of those outcomes on other socioeconomic phenomena.  More specifically, it addresses three questions: 1. What school policies are most cost-effective in producing students with particular cognitive skills, such as literacy and numeracy?  2. What is the relationship between schooling, particularly cognitive skills acquired in school, and labor productivity?  3. What impact does schooling, especially cognitive skills, have on other socioeconomic outcomes?  While recent research has made some progress, these are difficult questions and much more work is needed.  The paper provides suggestions for future research on these questions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12969

Impediments to agricultural growth in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wichern,   Rainer; Hausner,   Ulrich; Chiwele,   Dennis K.
"September 1999." "MERRISA, Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-43).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Resource management.; Infrastructure (Economics) -- Rural areas -- Zambia.; Agricultural development.; Agricultural resources; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97530

PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LESS-FAVORED AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Spanish version at:  http://www.ifpri.org/spanish/2020/focus/focus04sp.htm  Contents:  Overview, by John Pender and Peter Hazell; Technologies for the east African highlands, by Frank Place; Technologies for the tropical Andes, by Tom Walker, et al.; Technologies for the southeast Asian uplands, by Sushil Pandey; Returns to public investment: evidence from India and China, by Shenggen Fan and Peter Hazell; Development strategies for semiarid south Asia, by John Kerr; Development strategies for the east African highlands, by John Pender; Development strategies for west Africa, by Simeon Ehui, Samuel Benin and Dunstan Spencer; The role of agricultural science, by Shawki Barghouti and Peter Hazell
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16035

POLAND: THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN TRADE POLICY ON SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bochniarz,   Nika.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14158

A POLICY AGENDA FOR PRO POOR AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Kydd,   Jonathan; Morrison,   Jamie; Urey,   Ian.
Economic growth has been low and the incidence and numbers of poor people remain very high in some parts of the world, notably in sub Saharan Africa and some parts of South Asia. Projections for poverty reduction suggest that these regions are likely to continue to hold very large numbers of very poor rural people in the foreseeable future. Theoretical arguments and empirical evidence suggest that in poor agrarian economies both the processes of structural change within national economies and micro-economic relations within rural economies give agriculture (and particularly intensive cereal based growth) a pre-eminent and unique role in economic development and in poverty reduction. However, reliance on pro-poor agricultural growth as the main weapon...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10923

Options for Economic Growth in Mali through the Application of Science and Technology to Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kelly,   Valerie A.; Carpenter,   Janet; Diall,   Oumar; Easterling,   Tom; Kone,   Moctar; McCornick,   Peter G.; McGahuey,   Mike.
Prepared For The United States Agency for International Development Initiative To End Hunger In Africa
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali science and technology research; Research and extension; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56243

Economic Reform and Openness in China: China's Development Policies in the Last 30 Years
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
This article adopts the point of view that China’s development policies can only be appreciated if they are considered by applying perspectives from institutional economics. This requires attention to be given to the historical, political and cultural context in which its economic development has occurred. Therefore, this article gives attention to the political events leading up to China’s decision in 1978 to begin its economic reforms and the way in which Deng Xiaoping crafted its new development path. It also discusses the subsequent extension of Deng’s development policies by more recent leaders of the Chinese Communist Party. Indicators of China’s economic progress (including its increasing economic openness) since 1978 are given, and its emerging...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Developmental states; Economic development; Economic reforms; Institutional economics; Market socialism; International Development; Political Economy; P00; P20; P26; P27; P30; O10; O20.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90624

THE EXTENT OF SPRAWL IN THE FRINGE OF JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AREA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF EXTERNALITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fitriani,   Rahma; Harris,   Michael.
The Jakarta Metropolitan area has experienced urban sprawl. Existing planning processes do not appear to manage sprawl effectively. The aim of this study is to empirically analyse the contribution of spatial externalities on sprawl, and its effect on proximate agricultural land and conservation areas. A residential location choice model incorporating externalities is constructed, and a Tobit panel data analysis is conducted using grid-based land use data. The analysis finds significant empirical evidence regarding the contribution of neighbourhood development externalities to sprawl. Implications for policy are discussed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sprawl; Jakarta; Urban development; Spatial externalities; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100700

AGRICULTURE, TRADE, AND REGIONALISM IN SOUTH ASIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: DeRosa,   Dean A.; Govindan,   Kumaresan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16370

Institutions and Development: A View from Below
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pande,   Rohini; Udry,   Christopher R.
In this paper we argue the case for greater exploitation of synergies between research on specific institutions based on micro-data and the big questions posed by the institutions and growth literature. To date, the macroeconomic literature on institutions and growth has largely relied on cross-country regression evidence. This has provided compelling evidence for a causal link between a cluster of ‘good’ institutions and more rapid long run growth. However, an inability to disentangle the effects of specific institutional channels on growth or to understand the impact of institutional change on growth will limit further progress using a cross-country empirical strategy. We suggest two research programs based on micro-data that have significant potential....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Growth; Cross-country regressions; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; O11; O12; O17; P51.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28468

EVOLUTION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cordonnier,   Michael.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32954

AGRICULTURAL MODERNIZATION IN MARKET AND PLANNED ECONOMIES: THE GERMAN EXPERIENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Adolf.
In this paper, views of large scale farm organization are traced from the 19th century to date. Then, the structures of East and West German industry and agriculture are described. Next the productivity of East and West German agricultural land and labor are compared for the period 1958-1969. The paper is concluded with general observations on the effects of collectivization. Implications are drawn for nations now evaluating alternative solutions to economic and social problems of agricultural development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13516

Transforming Agriculture and the National Economy in Taiwan: Lee Teng-Hui and the Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilde,   Parke E.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121165

THE TECHNOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abel,   Martin E.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1969
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14221

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICIES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND GROWTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (PowerPoint Presentation)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Braun,   Joachim.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32857

What are the Enduring Effects of Fertilizer Subsidy Programs on Recipient Farm Households? Evidence from Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ricker-Gilbert,   Jacob; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/23/11.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fertilizer subsidies; Malawi; Sub-Saharan Africa; Endogeneity; Panel data; International Development; Political Economy; C23; C26; Q12; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109593

Front Materials
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes: Front Cover, Table of Contents, Editorial Information
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104625

Nemnövekedés: egy új gazdasági paradigma európai fejleményei,
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meszaros,   Sandor.
A nemnövekedés (degrowth) a fejlett országok számára ajánlott új gazdasági paradigma, amely hosszú távon bolygónk ökológiai fenntarthatóságát és az igazságosabb társadalmak kialakítását eredményezheti. A fogalom karrierje Latouche francia közgazdász 2006-os könyvével indult, amelyet két nemzetközi konferencia, négy latin nyelvű országban pedig politikai mozgalom is követett. Jelen cikk szerzője javasolja, hogy – az alulról jövő kezdeményezések mellett – valamelyik fejlett EU-tagállam is vállalja fel e mozgalom támogatását. A hazai agrárszakemberek a témakörön belül elsősorban az ökofalvakkal, az alacsony fogyasztású vidéki életmóddal és a szövetkezeti bankokkal kapcsolatos francia és spanyol kezdeményezéseket hasznosíthatják, amelyeket ők a nemnövekedés...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Nemnövekedés; Gazdasági paradigma; Ökológiai fenntarthatóság; Társadalmi igazságosság; Degrowth; Economic paradigm; Ecological sustainability; Social justice; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119909

Gender analysis and reform of irrigation management: concepts, cases, and gaps in knowledge; Proceedings of the Workshop of Gender and Water, 15-19 September 1997, Habarana, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gender; Privatization; Irrigation management; Women in development; Property rights; Water scarcity; Developing countries; Agricultural production; Water resources; Water rights; Poverty; Policy; Economic aspects; Land tenure; Legislation; Rice; Water users' associations; Irrigated farming; Planning; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118416

Budget Allocation for Rural Agricultural Development in the NWP: A Multiple Criteria Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Merwe,   J.D.; Cloete,   Philip C.; van Schalkwyk,   Herman D.
In the light of past development failures, coupled with the pressure on government to deliver on their promises made, a framework is needed to improve the success of rural agricultural development. Consequently, detailed agricultural development plans were drafted with the intent to provide a framework or roadmap that will enable small-scale farmers to be more successful over the long term. However, development plans can only improve the success of agricultural development once they are implemented. This conveys another dimension of agricultural development, with government that is often faced with strict budget constraints. Budget allocations to agricultural development initiatives should therefore be done in a way that will yield the highest economic,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96435

FOREIGN TRADE AND TRANSITION PROCESS IN AGRI-FOOD SECTOR OF UKRAINE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levkovych,   Inna; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
In this study we try to assess the progress of the transformation process in Ukrainian agri-food sector. The development of foreign trade may serve as indicator of success of market reforms. Thus we analyse the changes in the trade structure of agri-food sector during 1996-2005. Also we compute indicators of inter- (RTA Index) and intra-industrial (Grubel-Lloyd Index, Brülhart A-Index) trade for this period. These indicators provide information about competitiveness of Ukrainian products, type and development of trade flows. We discuss also which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration of Ukraine into world markets
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agri-food sector; Foreign trade; Intra-industry trade; Competitiveness; Grubel-Lloyd-Index; Ukraine; Agrar- und Ernährungssektor; Außenhandel; Intra-industrieller Handel; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Grubel-Lloyd-Index; Ukraine; Агропродовольственный сектор; Международная торговля; Внутри- отраслевая торговля; Конкурентноспособность; Индекс Грубель-Ллойда; Украина; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91956

Variation in Staple Food Prices in Eastern and Southern Africa: Causes, Consequences and Policy Options
Provedor de dados: 31
AAMP Policy Briefing 1 January, 2010 This brief summarizes the policy implications of three thematic papers and seven country background papers prepared for the COMESA-ACTESA policy seminar on “Variations in staple food prices: Causes, consequences, and policy implications.” There is little controversy about the need for governments to support staple food markets with infrastructure, market information, agricultural research, and other public goods. However, many of the most costly agricultural programs in eastern and southern Africa involve raising food prices to protect farmers, lowering food prices to protect consumers, and reducing volatility in food prices through a variety of mechanisms including tariffs, export restrictions, public trading in staple...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Food policy; Marketing; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Marketing; Q18; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62158

Supermarket expansion in developing countries and their role in development: Experiences from the Southern African Development Community (SADC)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Emongor,   Rosemary A.; Kirsten,   Johann F.
Impact of supermarkets on small-scale farmers
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Impact; SADC; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51401

ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT, AGRICULTURE AND THE LABOR MARKET IN UGANDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vanegas,   Manuel, Sr.
This paper investigates the scale of the economic crisis in Uganda and the impacts on agriculture, identifies the major labour market changes and explores selected policy measures to attack on rural-urban unemployment. Section II, starts from the scale of the crisis and the need to adjust the Ugandan economy to overcome the resurgence of  unemployment. In Section III, the costs of adjustment and rural-urban migration are presented. Policy measures to attack rural-urban unemployment are presented in section IV.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13669

Unpacking the Links Between Women's Empowerment and Child Nutrition Evidence Using Nationally Representative Data From Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhagowalia,   Priya; Menon,   Purnima; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; Soundararajan,   Vidhya.
This paper examines the relationship between gender inequality and nutrition using direct indicators of empowerment such as mobility, decision-making power, and attitudes towards verbal and physical abuse. Our approach draws on the theory of the household as a utility maximizing unit that uses women’s status and characteristics as inputs to produce a final good, child health. Indices that capture distinct dimensions of women’s empowerment are used as explanatory variables along with controls for age and sex of the child, maternal height and education. Results from Logit models indicate that a greater degree of women’s empowerment is associated with better long term nutritional status of children. Attitudes towards domestic violence have a significant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malnutrition; Gender; Domestic violence; Empowerment; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61273

Complementarities and differences in adoption: an application of hazard models to two technologies in Madagascar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Butler,   J.S.; Moser,   Christine M.
This paper explores the adoption of two agricultural technologies, how their patterns of adoption differ, and the relationship between them.  The first technology, the System of Rice Intensification, has been studied previously and high rates of disadoption were observed in some areas.  The second technology is off-season cropping, the practice of growing crops (primarily potatoes) in the rice fields during the winter season after the rice harvest.   The rates of adoption of off-season cropping were much higher than for SRI and very little disadoption was observed.  Through this study we are trying to understand the factors that might explain the differences in adoption and how the adoption of and experience with one technology affects the likelihood of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Hazard models; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61381

Comparison of the Investment Behavior of German and Kazakhstani Farmers: an Experimental Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tubetov,   Dulat; Maart,   Syster Christin; Musshoff,   Oliver.
Revised April 2012
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Experimental Economics; Investment Timing; Real Options; Kazakhstan; Germany; Agricultural Finance; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; C91; D03; D81; D92.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122422

AN ANALYSIS OF CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CHINA'S AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT: AGRICULTURE, RURAL AREAS AND FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quan,   Yongxin; Liu,   Zeng-Rung.
China is the most populous country in the world. Of its 1.3 billion people, 22% of the world population, about 67% are living in rural areas. Although China is the third largest country in terms of area, the arable land is only 7% of the global amount. With relatively meager endowment, it is undoubtedly a daunting task for the agricultural sector to provide adequate supply to fulfil huge needs for food and other agricultural products. In addition, agriculture development in China confronts with challenges to raise the average income and standard of living of the rural population in the long run.          Since China's economic reform was launched in 1978, the "People's Commune" system was dismantled and replaced by the "Household Responsibility" system....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11838

Middlemen, Non-Profits, and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chau,   Nancy H.; Goto,   Hideaki; Kanbur,   Ravi.
In many markets in developing countries, especially in remote areas, middlemen are thought to earn excessive profits. Non-profits come in to counter what is seen as middlemen's market power, and rich country consumers pay a "fair-trade" premium for products marketed by such non-profits. This paper provides answers to the following five questions. How exactly do middlemen and non-profits divide up the market? How do the price mark up and price pass-through differ between middleman and non-profits? What is the impact of non-profits entry on the wellbeing of the poor? Should the government subsidize the entry of non-profits, or the entry of middlemen?  Should wealthy consumers in the North pay a premium for fair trade products, or should they support fair...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Middlemen; Non-profits; Poverty; Market Access; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis; F15; I32; L3.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55931

Road Development, Economic Growth, and Poverty Reduction in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Chan-Kang,   Connie.
In 1978, China initiated its economic and agricultural policy reforms. The ensuing rapid economic growth led to transportation shortages and congestion problems and increased the demand for roads. Since 1985 the government has given high priority to road development, particularly the construction of high-quality roads such as highways and freeways. While the construction of high-quality roads has taken place at a remarkably rapid pace, the construction of lower-quality and mostly rural roads has been slow. This study evaluates the contribution of roads to economic growth and poverty reduction in China. It disaggregates road infrastructure into different classes of roads to account for quality, and then estimates the impact of road investments on overall...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Roads; Economic aspects; China Infrastructure (Economics); Government policy; Rural poor; 1976–2000; China; Economic policy; 2000 conditions; Regional disparities; Economic conditions; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37892

Global Macroeconomic Developments and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonilla,   Eugenio Diaz.
In the second half of the 1990s, a series of developments led to a renewed academic and policy interest in the intersection of macroeconomic policy and poverty issues in developing countries. The focus of that work was domestic macroeconomic policies. This paper, however, focuses on the international dimension and discusses the links between global macroeconomic conditions and poverty in developing countries since the 1960s. Of course, when analyzing policy impacts, both domestic and international aspects must be considered. However, debates about domestic policies, macro or otherwise, and their impacts on poverty cannot provide an accurate analysis of developing countries’ alternatives and predicaments if they ignore the role, in many cases overwhelming,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Macroeconomics; Poverty; Development; Agriculture; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42324

Perspectives on Global Concentration and Public Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cotterill,   Ronald W.
This paper is an essay in political economy. It defines globalization and discusses its key role in economic development over the past two centuries as well as today. Globalization may have broadened markets, thereby affecting the nature of competition within those larger markets, or it may have simply introduced more trade or foreign direct investment to existing markets. One conclusion is that there is no global market for high value food, or for any particular high value food. To date the impacts of multinational firms in political forums at the state, regional or national as well as the global level have been in many instances as important as their impacts on economic markets. Issues and concerns discussed range from general observations on governance...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25206

Analyzing Growth and Welfare Effects of Public Policies in Models of Endogenous Growth with Human Capital: Evidence from South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badibanga,   Thaddee Mutumba.
Since the abolition of its Apartheid regime in 1994, South Africa has launched a massive program of education, which has been financed through resources representing on average 21% of the national budget or 7% of GDP. Today, the GDP share of public spending on education is 1.3 times the average of industrialized countries (5.4%) and almost twice that of developing countries (3.9%). In this paper, we simulate fiscal policy experiments to analyze the growth and welfare effects of a shift in the allocation of government expenditures between public spending on education and transfers as well as those of a change in the tax rate in a model of endogenous growth with human capital accumulation for the South African economy. The results of simulations demonstrate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fiscal Policy; Government Expenditures and Education; Growth Model; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; E62; H52; O41.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6431

THE IMPACT OF PROGRESA ON WOMEN'S STATUS AND INTRAHOUSEHOLD RELATIONS; FINAL REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adato,   Michelle; de la Briere,   Benedicte; Mindek,   Dubravka; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16026

The impact of Access to Credit and Training on Technological Adoption: A Case of the Rice Sector in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nakano,   Yuko; Kajisa,   Kei.
Using an extensive household-level data set collected in Tanzania, this paper investigates the determinants of the technological adoption of rice cultivation and of paddy yield. We especially focus on the impact of credit and training on the adoption of modern technologies. Based on empirical results, we argue that modern inputs and improved practices of rice cultivation enhance the increase in paddy yield. We also argue that the impact of credit and training on the adoption of modern technologies can differ for different technologies. If the adoption of a specific technology does not require a large amount of cash, knowledge given by training is sufficient to enhance adoption. On the other hand, those who can access credit or self-finance can adopt...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technological Adoption; Green Revolution; Sub-Saharan Africa; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O12; O13; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103763

Sustainability and Optimality in Economic Development: Theoretical Insights and Policy Prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farzin,   Y. Hossein.
This paper takes sustainability to be a matter of intergenerational welfare equality and examines whether an optimal development path can also be sustainable. It argues that the general “zero-net-aggregate-investment” condition for an optimal development path to be sustainable in the sense of the maximin criterion of intergenerational justice is too demanding to be practical, especially in the context of developing countries. The maximin criterion of sustainability may be more appealing to the rich advanced industrial countries, but is too costly and ethically unreasonable for developing nations as it would act as an intergenerational “poverty equalizer”. The paper suggests that a compromise development policy that follows the optimal growth approach but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Intergenerational equity; Optimality; Discounting; Development policy; International Development; Q01; Q56; O21; O13; D62; D63.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7447

Legyen mindenki jóllakott?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Romany,   Pal.
Magyarországon a világélelmezés helyzetéről tanácskozott huszonöt évvel ezelőtt a Római Klub. A már akkor jelentkező világélelmezési válság kérdéseire többféle megoldást vázoltak fel a témakörrel foglalkozó szakemberek, melyek mind bíztatónak ígérkeztek, melyekből – szinte kivétel nélkül – csaknem semmi nem valósult meg. Magyarország évtizedeken át nemcsak helytállt az élelmezési versenyfutásban, hanem olyan tapasztalatokat is szerzett, melyek a mostani „újabb keletű” világélelmezési válságban is hasznosíthatók.  ---------------------  The Club of Rome organised a meeting about world food supply in Hungary 25 years ago. The experts proposed several solutions to alleviate world food crisis which seemed to be promising, nevertheless they–almost without...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Élelmezés; FAO; Kilábalási lehetőségek; Magyarországi tapasztalatok; Food supply; FAO; Recovering opportunities; Hungarian experiences; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58598

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 6, Issue 1
Provedor de dados: 31
Table of Contents: (1) Meyers, William H., Patrick Westhoff, Jacinto F. Fabiosa, and Dermot J. Hayes: "The FAPRI Global Modeling System and Outlook Process," pp. 1-20; (2) Meyer, Seth, Julian Binfield, and Patrick Westhoff: "Interactions between Energy Markets and Agriculture in the U.S.: A Stochastic Approach," pp. 21-40; (3) Han, Suk Ho, and Dae Seob Lee: "Impacts of the Korea-U.S. FTA: Application of the Korea Agricultural Simulation Model," pp. 41-60; (4) Strauss, P.G., and F.H.Meyer: "Combining Stochastic Modeling Techniques with Scenario Thinking for Strategic and Policy Decisions in Agriculture," pp. 61-82; (5) Hanrahan, Kevin, Trevor Donellan, and Frederic Chantreuil: "Agricultural Policy Change in the EU: Analyzing the Impact at member State and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Policy; International Trade; International Development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96778

Does International Trump Domestic Trade? The Seed Potato Market in Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thibodeau,   David R.; Clark,   J. Stephen; Yang,   Jinbin; Prochazka,   Petr.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade; Potato; Canada; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43458

Livestock Market Integration and Price Discovery: Case of Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bizimana,   Jean-Claude; Bessler,   David A.; Angerer,   Jay P.
Replaced with revised version of paper 02/22/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cointegration; Structural breaks; Market integration; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98856

Market Institutions: Enhancing the Value of Rural-Urban Links
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   Shyamal K.; Negassa,   Asfaw; Torero,   Maximo.
This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context. Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two. However, more than ever before, emerging local and global patterns such as the modern food value-chain led by supermarkets and food processors, rapid urbanization, changes in dietary composition, and enhanced information and communication technologies point to the need to pay close attention to the role of markets both in linking rural areas with intermediate cities and market towns and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market; Institution; Value; Urban; Rural; Bangladesh; Ethiopia; Indonesia; Kenya; Peru; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59597

Business Dynamics and Informal Contracts: Experimental Evidence from the Cowpea Street Food Sector in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otoo,   Miriam; Fulton,   Joan R.; Wu,   Steven Y.; Ibro,   Germaine.
We use field experiments in Niger to investigate the nature and efficiency of contractual structures in market transactions between kossai vendors and cowpea grinders (key input suppliers). Three contractual structures were employed: gift contract, standard price contract and discretionary bonus contract (most incomplete). Gift contracts and standard price contracts involve an upfront payment of grinding fees where discretionary bonus contracts involve payment after the quality of service is observed.   Gift contracts were found to be the most ex-ante efficient with the highest acceptance rates. Discretionary bonus contracts (most incomplete) were the most ex-post efficient that is, resulted in the highest quality. Our results suggest that the degree of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Incomplete contracts; Street food vendors; Experimental economics; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61458

INFRASTRUCTURE, MARKET ACCESS, AND AGRICULTURAL PRICES: EVIDENCE FROM MADAGASCAR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minten,   Bart.
The effect of recent agricultural market reforms in many developing countries is often measured through tests for market integration by analyzing co-variation of food prices. However, market integration studies often fail to link the discovery of the lack of integration to causal factors. This analysis documents and relates price variation to structural determinants in the case of Madagascar. The spatial variability between communities is linked to the distance to a paved road, the quality of the road, access to soft infrastructure, and the level of competition between traders. Differences in seasonal variation are mainly related to the differential opportunity costs of capital in rice villages and to hard infrastructure in non-rice villages. Communities...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Markets; Prices; Price regulation; Madagascar; Economic Infrastructure; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100154

ENTWICKLUNGSTENDENZEN LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHER FAMILIENBETRIEBE IN RUSSLAND SEIT 1990
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Katja,   Bruisch.
An die russische Agrarreform der 1990er Jahre knüpfte sich die Erwartung, dass entsprechend der Erfahrung in westlichen Staaten landwirtschaftliche Familienbetriebe (Fermer-Betriebe) an die Stelle der staatlichen Großbetriebe treten und einen Aufschwung in der russischen Landwirtschaft auslösen würden. Entgegen dieser Erwartungen ist der russische Fermer-Sektor bis heute verhältnismäßig schwach entwickelt, während die Landwirtschaft als eines der wichtigsten Problemfelder der russischen Innenpolitik gilt. Im vorliegenden Discussion Paper werden die für die Entstehung des Fermer-Sektors relevanten Aspekte der russischen Agrarreform nachvollzogen sowie auf der Grundlage russischer Statistiken die gegenwärtige Lage der russischen Landwirtschaft analysiert. Im...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Russland; Transformation; Agrarreform; Familienbetriebe.; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Political Economy; P 25; Q 12; Q 15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90873

Can Bt Maize Reduce Exposure to the Mycotoxin Fumonisin in South Africa?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pray,   Carl E.; Rheeder,   John; Gouse,   Marnus; Volkwyn,   Yvette; van der Westhuizen,   Liana; Shephard,   Gordon.
The mycotoxin fumonisin is associated with oesophageal cancer and birth defects. The Eastern Cape province of South Africa has high levels of fumonisin in maize and oesophageal cancer. This study measures the amounts of the mycotoxin fumonisin in the grain of Bt maize, commercial hybrids, and farmer-saved, local mixtures of seed that were produced and stored by small holders in South Africa.  We find that adoption of Bt maize can reduce poor rural consumers exposure to fumonisin.  Greater consumption of maize meal milled in modern mills could have a similar impact.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt maize; Mycotoxins; Fumonisin; South Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51739

BOTSWANA'S APPROACH TO DROUGHT:  HOW DISASTER RELIEF CAN BE DEVELOPMENTAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siegle,   Joe.
Integrating disaster relief and development is not a new concept. Addressing underlying problems that have made a society susceptible to disaster have their origins dating back to the Indian Famine Relief Codes of the 1860's. Today, this is a popular notion among many people involved with emergency response. Still, there are relatively few instances where disaster relief has emphasized both long and short term needs - cases from which other countries and international organizations can learn. The problem of not having a successful example from which to model relief responses has often been cited as creating a serious barrier to implementing successful relief-development responses during recent famines (Cutler and Stephenson, RDI, Garvelink). The need for...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11196

MASTER TRAINING IN AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karpati,   Laszlo.
The main objective of the AHEAD project is to establish new BSc and MSc programmes in Croatia at two Faculties of the University of Zagreb. These are as follows: Agricultural and Rural Development, Food Safety and Quality Management and pilot MSc training in Agribusiness and Rural Development. These are preceded by faculty retraining programmes in food safety and quality management, as well as agribusiness and commerce within the framework of a MBA programme accredited by the International MBA Network. The professional content of the project is a modernised curriculum and training palette that would be available by the end of this project at the University of Zagreb, serving not only the higher education of the country, but the demand of the Croatian...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Curriculum Development; Agribusiness; Food Safety; Quality; Croatia; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43583

Policy for implementation of Index Based Weather Insurance revisited: the case of Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banerjee,   Chirantan; Berg,   Ernst.
International development organisations, through partnerships with local insurance companies, have been promoting weather index based insurance (WIBI) in developing countries. Due to lower operational costs, they expect shorter pay-off period, often overlooking high initial design costs. Experiences however show high post-pilot mortality of these programmes. Literatures report lack of insurance participation. We propose lack of push from insurance providers as an additional factor. To verify, cash flows of a Nicaraguan groundnut based WIBI and a comparable but hypothetical named peril insurance are simulated against 80 scenarios. Additionally, a test of stochastic dominance of their estimated Net Present Values show that WIBI take comparatively longer to...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Index based rainfall insurance; Weather derivative; Operational cost; Nicaragua; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122448

Loan Portfolio Performance and El Niño, an Intervention Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Collier,   Benjamin; Katchova,   Ani L.; Skees,   Jerry R.
Replaced by updated/revised version.  This is an electronic version of a journal article, please cite as: Collier, B., A.L. Katchova, and J. Skees. “Loan Portfolio Performance and El Nino, an Intervention Analysis.” Agricultural Finance Review 71(2011):98-119.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56217

Malawi’s Maize Marketing System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Ricker-Gilbert,   Jacob; Mangisoni,   Julius H.
National food security in Malawi depends on improving the performance of maize markets. Ensuring that grain is consistently available at tolerable prices is crucial for consumers’ food security. At the same time, surplus producing farmers need to receive farm-gate prices consistently above production costs to intensify the use of fertilizer and other productivity enhancing technologies in a sustainable manner. These concerns give rise to the classic food price dilemma for policy makers in Malawi: how to keep prices low enough to ensure low income consumers’ access to food while keeping prices high enough to promote farm production incentives. These tensions cannot be avoided but they can be relieved through reducing food marketing margins, which shrink the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Malawi; Maize; Marketing; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62162

The Benefits of Sugarcane Chain Development in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fava Neves,   Marcos; Chaddad,   Fabio Ribas.
The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by IFAMA. www.ifama.org
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Sugar Cane; Strategy; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Q.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120863

The Doha Round and Food Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach: Technical Annex
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leudjou,   Roland R.
This document is the technical annex to the full paper “The Doha Round and Food  Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach”  which is available separately.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123134

INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH AND OPENNESS IN THAILAND: AN INTERTEMPORAL GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Rattso,   Jorn; Stokke,   Hildegunn Ekroll.
Thailand has experienced economic growth well above world averages for about 40 years. It is a challenge to understand the sources of this high growth path, and in particular why growth has not slowed down with assumed decreasing returns to capital. We develop an intertemporal general equilibrium model separating between agriculture and industry, and with open capital market and endogenous productivity growth to analyze the underlying adjustment mechanisms. Foreign technology spillover embodied in trade is assumed to be the driving force of the productivity growth, consistent with econometric evidence. The high growth experience is understood as a transition path with interaction between productivity growth, openness and capital investment. Counterfactual...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intertemporal growth modelling; Endogenous productivity growth; Foreign technology spillover; Trade and growth; Thailand; International Development; O4; O4; O5.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16316

Livelihoods, Growth, and Links to Market Towns in 15 Ethiopian Villages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dercon,   Stefan; Hoddinott,   John.
Rural and urban spaces are usually regarded as “separate” in both development theory and practice. Yet there are myriad links between them. Urban areas, including regional urban centers such as local market towns, provide households with new opportunities to sell goods and services. These opportunities increase household income by employing previously unemployed household resources or because households reallocate household resources so as to take advantage of new, more profitable activities. Links to market towns improve the prices received by rural households because households can benefit from increased demand for their goods or because the larger market is better able to absorb production from rural areas without causing prices to decline. These links...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Livelihoods; Transport; Poverty; Rural-urban linkages; Ethiopia; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59596

Impact of Risk and Time Preferences on Responses to Forest Tenure Land Reform:  Empirical Evidence from Fujian, China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sullivan,   Karen A.; Uchida,   Emi; Xu,   Jintao.
This research examines the effect of risk and time preferences on forest management responses to forest tenure land reforms in Fujian, China that began in 2002. The different extent of the reform and its different timing across regions provide a natural experiment to test how time and risk preferences affect a households’ forest investment response to the reform. Empirically, we combine original field experiment data on time and risk preferences collected among 103 households with an original panel survey data set collected among the same 103 households, which contains data for three years: 2000 (before the reform), 2005 and 2008 (after the reform) in a difference-in-differences framework. We examine three measures of forest management activity, including:...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tenure reform; Property rights; Risk preference; Time preference; Poverty; China; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q2; D8; D9; D13; J22; Q15.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61536

China's Agriculture: Drivers of Changes and Implications to China and the Rest of the World
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Jikun; Rozelle,   Scott.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53207

AIDS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Rodney B.W.
Morbidity and mortality effects are introduced into a three sector, Ramsey-type model of economic growth. The model is calibrated to South African national accounts data and used to examine the potential impact of HIV/AIDS on economic growth. Simulation results suggest a 10% decrease in the size of the effective labor force would lead to a 10% decrease in the long run (steady state) GDP levels. Similarly, a 10% decrease in the number of laborers would lead to an 11% drop in long run GDP.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28072

The Unforeseen Developments Clause in Safeguards under the WTO: Confusions in Compliance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raychaudhuri,   Tilottama.
In this article the author explores in detail the “unforeseen developments” requirement in the Agreement on Safeguards under the WTO. The author seeks to answer questions such as whether the requirement (i.e., unforeseen developments must be demonstrated in order for safeguard measures to be justified) is an integral part of the Agreement on Safeguards, and how the subjectivity associated with this requirement contributes to the difficulty of constructing a reasoned and adequate account of the causal chain. The article also includes within its scope a brief analysis of larger issues such as the political and economic rationale behind safeguard measures, and how ambiguities in the Agreement on Safeguards can destabilize the discipline of safeguards and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: India; International trade; Safeguards; Unforeseen developments; WTO; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90792

A Typology of Food Security in Developing Countries under High Food Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; You,   Liangzhi; Fan,   Shenggen.
The recent surge in food prices around the world may reverse the gains of reducing hunger and poverty in the recent years. This paper employs factor and sequential typology analysis using data for 175 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to four measures of food security: utilization, availability, accessibility and stability. Nine indicators are used for this study: calories intake, protein intake, fat intake, food production, the ratio of total exports to food imports, soil fertility, length of growing period, coefficient of variation of length of growing period and urbanization. The analysis first identifies 5 distinct food security groups characterized by food intake then further split these groups based on similarities and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Factor analysis; Agricultural potential; Typology; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C0; F0; O1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51043

KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER, LEARNING INCENTIVES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
Knowledge spillover implies that the social value of knowledge is higher than its private value and leads to insufficient private investment in human capital.  This paper examines implications for economic growth and offers a remedy.  An incentive mechanism that implements the socially optimal outcome is offered based on learning subsidy and flat income or consumption taxes (each levied at a different phase of the growth process).  The scheme is self-financed in that the tax proceeds cover exactly the subsidy payments at each point of time.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Endogenous growth; Human capital; Knowledge spillover; Learning incentives; Linear taxes; International Development; C61; H21; O33; O38; O41.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14991

Aid allocation effects on growth and poverty: A CGE framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Twimukye,   Evarist P.; Nabiddo,   Winnie; Matovu,   John Mary.
It has been argues that increased aid causes Dutch disease as a result of appreciation of the exchange rate which reduces the competitiveness of the country's exports. In this paper, we argue that if the aid is used productively, there are both short and long term gains. Applying a recursive dynamic general equilibrium model on Uganda, we find that while the currency appreciates and some exports decline, the overall impact on growth outweighs the losses in competitiveness. In addition, it aid is used productively, poverty would be substantially reduced as long as the aid increase is sustained.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Aid; Exchange rate; Dutch disease; Twimukye; Nabiddo; Matovu; Exports; Foreign aid; Poverty reduction; Economic policy research center; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54937

Market-Creating Effect of the Internet on Food Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bojnec,   Stefan; Ferto,   Imre.
This paper analyses the impact of the number of the Internet users on food industry trade between developed OECD countries using both panel and cross-sectional data. We find the positive, significant and over time increasing effect of the Internet on food industry exports confirming that the Internet reduces market-specific entry costs for food industry exports. The significant positive effect pertained to the Internet is found in the importing countries. The significant positive effects on food industry exports are found for the country’s economic size and bilateral common features and proximities. The Internet mitigates the countries proximities, but increased the distance between the countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Internet; Distance; International trade; OECD countries; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91958

THE APPLICATION OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN UNDERSTANDING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.
This paper briefly examines how social capital affects overall economic growth processes and individual firm development, both positively and negatively, in low- and middle-income countries. The paper discusses how the concept of social capital is related to simple economic growth models and to the analysis of economic networks these countries.  The degree to which social capital can substitute for or complement other forms of capital investment is examined.  The paper concludes with suggestions for future research and policy analysis by agricultural economists in this area. Keywords: social capital, economic development, marketing networks
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Economic development; Marketing networks; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11716

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH LINKAGES IN ZIMBABWE: INCOME AND EQUITY EFFECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.; Thomas,   Marcelle.
"September 1998." "MERRISA: Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." "Presented as a contributed paper at the IAAE Inter-conference Symposium, Challenges Facing Agriculture in Southern Africa, held in Badplaas, South Africa, on August 10-16, 1998"--P. 3. Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-14).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income -- Rural areas -- Africa; Agricultural development -- Africa; Agricultural policy -- Economic aspects; Households -- Zimbabwe; Social accounting; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97549

Fiscal Deficits, Inflation and Economic Growth in a Successful Open Developing Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tan,   Eu Chye.
This paper primarily seeks to establish whether long- and short-run relationships prevail between fiscal deficits on one hand and inflation and economic growth on the other in a developing economy such as Malaysia. The Malaysian economy has gained international acclaim as one of the successfully managed. Econometric methodology involving the Johansen cointegration and Granger causality techniques and annual data spanning generally from 1966 through 2003 have been mobilized for the purpose. The empirical results suggest that fiscal deficits could have an inflationary impact on the Malaysian economy as they are being monetized though no long run relationship exists amongst fiscal deficits, money supply and the price level. Fiscal deficits also appear to have...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Deficits; Growth; Inflation; International Development; E60; H30; H61; H62.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50285

Staple food prices in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Tanzania; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58555

Actor-led Change for Efficient Agrifood Systems; Handbook of the Participatory Actor-based CADIAC Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bourgeois,   Robin; Herrera,   Danilo.
This is a practical handbook for scientists, analysts, and students working on the definition and implementation of policy changes that contribute to real economic and social agriculture-based development, with a special focus on commodity systems. The objective is to promote efficient and sustainable agrifood systems that broadly benefit society. The method presented here relies on the participation of actors in directing the evolution of agrifood systems, including both identifying problems as well as elaborating policies and implementing decisions through concrete actions. There are two linked components: consensus-building between actors to define actions and to implement changes, and participative research based on commodity-chain analysis methods....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agroindustrial sector; Agricultural products; Economic systems; Agricultural economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32727

Industrial relations reform in Australia: implications for the agricultural and mining sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hawke,   Anne; Wooden,   Mark.
A major transformation in the processes that underpin industrial relations arrangements in Australia appears to have occurred during the last decade. The tribunal‐based systems of conciliation and arbitration that have shaped labour‐management relationships now play a far less pivotal role, and the system of awards is far less central to the determination of wages and conditions. Greater scope now exists for employees and employers to tailor their industrial relationship to the needs of the enterprise. This article provides an overview of the development of both collective and non‐collective bargaining within the formal framework, and the likely impacts of such developments.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117278

GROWTH ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS: WHAT SHOULD DEVELOPMENT ECONOMISTS LEARN (IF ANYTHING) FROM THE NEW GROWTH THEORY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Since their emergence as a distinct fields of inquiry in the early post World War II period there has been an uneasy relationship between growth economics and development economics.  The emergence of a richer ‘new growth economics' has opened up the possibilities of a more fruitful dialogue between the two subdisciplines.  In spite of recent advances, particularly with respect to the human capital, and understanding of differences in growth rates and income levels across countries remains elusive.  Further advances will require that growth economists broaden their research agenda to embrace a number of concepts that have become conventional in development economics.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12972

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN A SMALL ECONOMY: THE CASE OF TUNISIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dahl,   Reynold P.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13678

AGRICULTURE AS A DRIVING FORCE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: SUGGESTIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oosthuizen,   L.K.
The purpose of the paper is to explain the process by which modernisation of the agricultural sector by introducing new production technology into the sector serves as driving force of general economic development, with the social rate of return on these investments being very high, while the benefits of the development will be widespread in the economy, and generally in favour of the poor. Furthermore policies are discussed with the aim of increasing productivity and per capita income of rural people in Southern Africa.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54881

Dynamic Adjustment of U.S. Agriculture to Energy Price Changes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lambert,   David K.; Gong,   Jian.
Energy prices increased significantly following the first energy price shock of 1973. Agricultural producers found few short run substitution possibilities as relative factor prices changed. Inelastic demands resulted in total expenditures on energy inputs that have closely followed energy price changes over time. A dynamic cost function model is estimated to derive short and long run adjustments within U.S. agriculture between 1948 and 2002 to changes in relative input prices. The objective is to measure the degree of farm responsiveness to energy price changes and if this responsiveness has changed over time. Findings support inelastic demands for all farm inputs. Statistical results support moderate increases in responses to energy and other input price...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dynamic cost function; Energy prices; U.S. agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q11; Q41.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90666

African Perspectives on Progress and Challenges in Agricultural Transformation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Argwings-Kodhek,   Gem; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Minde,   Isaac J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 9.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11370

Trade, Technology and Inequality in a Developing Country: Theory and Evidence from China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Muqun; Coxhead,   Ian A.
Could globalization—specifically, increased international trade and openness to foreign investment—increase inequality in developing countries? Empirical studies in many such economies show that expanding trade and FDI are associated with higher inequality in wages and regional incomes. However, there is no agreement regarding the cause of such increases. We present a theoretical model showing how interactions between factor mobility restrictions and different rates of technical progress (due to trade and FDI) in a regionally heterogeneous economy can explain the evolution of inequality. As favored regions benefit more from trade, their growing demand for skills drains skilled workers from disadvantaged areas, and average incomes in favored regions grow...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92236

Innovation Systems and Technical Efficiency in Developing-Country Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mekonnen,   Dawit Kelemework; Spielman,   David J.; Fonsah,   Esendugue Greg.
The paper uses a stochastic frontier analysis of production functions to estimate the level of technical efficiency in agriculture for a panel of 29 developing countries in Africa and Asia between 1994 and 2000. In addition, the paper examines how different components of an agricultural innovation system interact to determine the estimated technical inefficiencies. Results show that the mean level of technical efficiency among the sampled countries was about 86 percent, with some modest increases during the period in question. These results suggest that there is room for significant increases of production through reallocations of existing resources. Despite significant variation among countries, these results also indicate quite a number of least...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural innovation systems; Technical efficiency; Developing country agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119788

How to Realize Breakthrough in WTO Doha Negotiations?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhou,   Jian-Ming.
Originally published by ‘Africa Link’ (www.africalink.ch/), Headquarters in Switzerland, at (http://www.africalink.ch/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=12993%3Ahow-torealize- breakthrough-in-wto-doha-negotiations&amp;catid=49%3Abusiness-andeconomy&amp; Itemid=58 =en)
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Breakthrough; WTO; Doha negotiations; Agriculture; Non-agricultural market; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F; K; O; P; Q; R.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97047

Blood for Social Status: Preliminary Evidence from Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Xi Chen acknowledges generous Doctoral Research Grant from the Institute for the Social Sciences at Cornell University and precious data set provided by the Development Strategy and Governance Division at IFPRI. Conference Travel Grant provided by the Department of Applied Economics and Management at Cornell is also acknowledged.  We are grateful to Ravi Kanbur for invaluable comments, guidance and encouragement. This paper also benefited from helpful discussion and invaluable comments from Robert Frank, David Sahn, Marc Rockmore, and seminar participants in the Department of Economics at Cornell. Due to time limit, I have not incorporated all helpful comments and suggestions in this early draft paper. The views expressed herein and any remaining errors...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Blood Donation; Social Status; Poverty; Inequality; Relative Deprivation; Rural China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; I32; J22; D13; D63.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49411

SOCIAL EXCHANGE RATES, MERCOSUR AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferreira,   Leo da Rocha.
The path towards a common market requires an alignment of macroeconomic policies. In the case of the MERCOSUL member countries, the observed disparities in the exchange, tax and monetary policies constitute major imbalances and impede future international economic integration. Apart from residual differences on trade policies among the member countries, macroeconomic policy disparities also reflect populism and the resulting lack of political will and mutual commitment with the regional goals.  There is general professional agreement that, under a fixed exchange rate regimen with trade protection, the social exchange rate exceeds the official and/or market rate. Accordingly, the adoption of an exchange regimen with flexible exchange rates certeris paribus...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25880

GOING WEST IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: MIGRATION AND EU ENLARGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delbecq,   Benoit A.; Waldorf,   Brigitte S.
Citizens of EU Member States have the fundamental right of free movement within the EU Union, and of freely choosing where to live and work within the EU. However, this right was temporarily constrained for citizens of the new Member States following the enlargement of the EU from 15 to 27 Member States. The severity of restrictions for newcomers varied substantially across the 15 old Member States. This paper analyzes whether the variations in entry restrictions influenced the distribution of migrants across the EU-15 states. To assess the effects of entry restrictions, it models and compares the distribution of migrants across the EU-15 countries prior to the enlargement with that after the enlargement. The analysis uses aggregate data on migrant stocks...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Immigration; EU Enlargement; Immigration Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; J11; J61.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58946

BALANCING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND DEFORESTATION IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cattaneo,   Andrea.
Since the 1970s, federal policies promoting migration and encouraging agricultural development of large farms, logging, and ranching have led to the deforestation of vast areas of the Amazon rainforest.Though these policies have largely been replaced, deforestation continues.What effects do current macroeconomic and regional policies and events have on deforestation and on the well-being of settlers on the agricultural frontier? This report identifies the links between the agriculture and logging sectors in the Amazon, economic growth, poverty alleviation, and natural resource degradation in the region and in Brazil as a whole. It considers the effects of currency devaluation, building roads and other infrastructure in the Amazon, property rights, adoption...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16533

A PRIVATE VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATION APPROACH TO DEVELOPMENT FOR FREETOWN, SIERRA LEONE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nikkel,   Steven K.
Several aspects of the situation pertaining to the citizens of Freetown, Sierra Leone are described in the first two chapters.  The societal and economic contexts of the community are most heavily emphasized, particularly the transfer of rural institutions to the city as well as the small-scale industry and marketing aspects of Freetown's economy.  The following four chapters highlight several approaches to development in the Third World.  Those described are farming systems research, marketing systems research and development, community development, diffusion of innovation, development education, and management.  In the final chapter, the various approaches are synthesized into a conceptual framework.  This framework is composed of the following steps:...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11133

Use and management of grain protectants in China and Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chudleigh,   Peter D.
Project PHT/1990/035, ‘Integrating Grain Protectants into Storage Pest Management’ was supported by ACIAR for nearly four years from 1992 to 1995. The project was based in China and Australia. Project activity within Australia included the further enhancement of an expert system that had been developed by CSIRO. Three main activities took place within the project in China: assessing the extent of resistance to the most commonly used grain protectant, malathion; determining the rates of fenitrothion and deltamethrin that might be used under Chinese storage conditions in order to improve the range of protectants available for Chinese grain storage; and adaptation for, and extension of, an Australian expert system in China. Resistance to malathion was...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Grain protectants; Pest management; Grain storage; China; Australia; High benefits; Investment analysis; High impact; Net present value; Benefit-cost analysis; Internal rate of return; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47693

Economics of Fish Marketing in Central Uganda: A Preliminary Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bukenya,   James O.; Hyuha,   Theodora; Twinamasiko,   Julius; Molnar,   Joseph J.
The paper examines profitability and market performance of small-scale fish traders selected randomly from a cross-section of nine fish markets in four districts in Central Uganda. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire which was designed to solicit information on traders’ socio-economic characteristics, marketing characteristics, operating costs and returns, and problems associated with fish marketing in the study area. Percentages were used to describe the socio-economic characteristics, market characteristic and problems associated with fish marketing while gross profit and marketing performance models were used to determine profitability, marketing margin and operational efficiency, respectively. The results suggest that fish trade is...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fish marketing; Survey data; Gross profit; Market margin; Operational efficiency; Uganda; Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119527

GOVERNING THE GM REVOLUTION: POLICY CHOICES FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Robert L.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16367

Minnesota Agricultural Economist 691
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roe,   Terry L.; Gopinath,   Munisamy.
The "Miracle" of U.S Agriculture
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13189

DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH IN LATIN AMERICA IN AN ERA OF STRUCTURAL REFORM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morley,   Samuel A.
The first section of this paper reviews the most recent evidence on inequality in 18 Latin American countries and shows that in all but four the changes in inequality over the 1990s were small and insignificant. The distribution depends on the ownership and rate of return on assets, particularly human capital. In the short run changes in these two variables tend to be offsetting-growth widens skill-differentials which is regressive, but advances in education are progressive. The two effects roughly cancel each other out absent severe macroeconomic shocks or revolutionary changes in the rules of the game. The paper then summarizes various recent papers as well as the author’s recent work on the impact of structural reforms on inequality. That work shows...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16312

The analysis of money demand for Uganda (1986:1-2003:4)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nabiddo,   Winnie.
The paper presents an empirical analysis of money demand in Uganda over the period 1986:1-2003:4. Two definition of money were used and tests for co-integration between the monetary aggregates and real money balance were carried out. The empirical results show that income is positively related to money demand while exchange rate, inflation and interest rates have a negative impact on money demand and there is a degree of substitution from non-interest to interest bearing financial assets and holding of foreign currency. the money demand functions remained stables for the entire period, as confirmed by the chow tests.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Money demand; Inflation rates; Interest rates; Exchange rates; Nabiddo; Economic policy research center; Foreign currency; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54936

The Future Role of the U.S. in World Dairy Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
U.S. dairy companies became more important exporters beginning in the mid-2000s when international and domestic developments changed the economic environment facing the U.S. dairy industry. This paper looks at five U.S. dairy firms and how their domestic and international strategies will influence the size of the U.S. dairy industry's dairy exports and foreign direct investment in dairy-food businesses.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: U.S. Dairy Exports; International Dairy Industry; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37245

The Optimal Minimum Wage for Poverty Minimization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goto,   Hideaki.
The effects of a minimum wage on employment and on poverty have been studied in the literature. This paper characterizes the poverty minimizing minimum wage, and shows how it depends on productivity, inequality and the degree of labor market competitiveness.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Labor productivity; Market competitiveness; Minimum wage; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; D6; I32; J38; J64.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51160

PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND GAME THEORY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kargol,   Aneta; Sokol,   Ewa.
Due to a lot of entities engaged in PPP, such as government (central state or local) authority or a government-owned enterprise, project sponsors, construction companies, providers of necessary equipment, plant operators, insurers, etc., they must to co-operate one another. This co-operation in some cases could be examining as a game. The better understanding of PPP games can decrease costs and potential losses. Because of relatively short time of functioning of PPP we should carefully prescribe obligations and rights of every partner and think about PPP as a co-operation, not rivalry.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Public-private partnership; Co-operation; Game theory; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58911

Centralized and Decentralized Management of Local Common Pool Resources in the Developing World: Experimental Evidence from Fishing Communities in Colombia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Velez,   Maria Alejandra; Murphy,   James J.; Stranlund,   John K.
This paper uses experimental data to test for a complementary relationship between formal regulations imposed on a community to conserve a local natural resource and nonbinding verbal agreements to do the same. Our experiments were conducted in the field in three regions of Colombia. Each group of five subjects played 10 rounds of an open access common pool resource game, and 10 additional rounds under one of five institutions— communication alone, two external regulations that differed by the level of enforcement, and communication combined with each of the two regulations. Our results suggest that the hypothesis of a complementary relationship between communication and external regulation is supported for some combinations of regions and regulations, but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14532

Poverty Dynamics: Measurement and Understanding from an Interdisciplinary Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Addison,   Tony; Hulme,   David; Kanbur,   Ravi.
This paper introduces a significant new multi-disciplinary collection of studies of poverty dynamics, presenting the reader with the latest thinking by a group of researchers who are leaders in their respective disciplines. It argues that there are three main fronts on which progress must be made if we are to dramatically deepen the understanding of why poverty occurs, and significantly improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction policies. First, poverty research needs to focus on poverty dynamics — over the life-course, across generations and between different social groups. Second, there is a need to move efforts to measure poverty dynamics beyond mere income and consumption to more multidimensional concepts and measures of poverty. This is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty dynamics; Multidimensional concepts and measures; Interdisciplinary approaches; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51107

Poverty and Income Distribution in Latin America: On the Complementarities Between Trade Policy and Social Public Spending
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94204

HEALTH CONSTRAINTS IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: REPORT ON A DIALOGUE, JUNE 18-19, 1990
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13638

The Role of Agriculture and Human Capital in Economic Growth: Farmers, Schooling, and Health
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Wallace E.; Orazem,   Peter F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18202

Valuing Recreational Benefits of a National Park in Andean Colombia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alvarez,   Sergio; Larkin,   Sherry L.
Protected undeveloped areas are an important tool for land conservation in developing nations. Efficient land allocation decisions and resource management requires knowledge of non-market benefits. Using travel cost and contingent valuation data from on-site interviews and secondary data on visitation, this study will value a national park in Columbia.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Non-market valuation; Willingness to pay; Zonal travel cost; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q26; Q57.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6732

WORLD BANK PROJECT APPRAISAL AND AN EMERGENT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE:  THE ITERATIVE/PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zewde,   Almaz.
This study aimed to investigate the strategic assumptions and practices in World Bank project appraisal programs. Semistructured interviews of senior World Bank field officers in Addis Ababa and Nirobi and extensive review of World Bank appraisal directives and related documents provided the data for the study. The purpose was to see the correspondence between Bank project appraisal methods, assumptions, and criteria and the iterative/participatory development model.   The findings suggest that despite the Bank's awareness of the inherent value of the iterative/participatory development model and expressed interest in changing the direction of the Bank's development practices towards it, the project approach with appraisal emphasis on monetary and...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10975

An analysis of the national strategies for sustainable development with special emphasis on the issues of agriculture and rural development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gathy,   Andrea Bauer.
In this paper which is based on my dissertation I carried out a comprehensive analysis of the national strategies for sustainable development prepared by the EU and its member states. I paid special attention to agricultural and rural development issues discussed in the strategies. According to my hypothesis the sets of objectives defined in accordance with the principles of sustainable development provide a firm basis for the objectives of the ongoing reforms of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy. Due to the complexity of the topic I applied an interdisciplinary approach in my research.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; National strategy for sustainable development; Evaluation; Agricultural issues; Rural development possibility; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48337

Ethics and International Debt: A View from Feminist Economics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nelson,   Julie A.
Feminist scholars examine not only the gendered impacts of development programs whose design has been influenced by disciplines such as economics, but also the gendered biases that permeate the models and methods of the disciplines themselves. This essay draws on aspects of feminist critiques of economics, philosophy, psychology, law, and finance to analyze the way in which international debt is discussed. Feminist critiques raise serious questions about the rational choice framework that often undergirds scholarly discussions of “agents,” “contract,” “ethics,” and “capital and debt.”
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37708

Trade Costs in U.S. Food Manufacturing Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wu,   Qian; Gopinath,   Munisamy.
This study allows for variation of  trade costs among regions, since a single trade costs measure may not appreciate the large number and diverse regions of the United States through which trade in food manufacturing occurs.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade costs; Gravity model; Regional development; Food manufacturing industries; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103526

Remittances, Inequality and Poverty: Evidence from Rural Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   J. Edward; Mora,   Jorge; Adams,   Richard H., Jr.; Lopez-Feldman,   Alejandro.
Remittances
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Remittances; Inequality; Poverty; Mexico; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60287

Sectoral and welfare effects of the global economic crisis on Uganda: a recursive dynamic CGE analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Twimukye,   Evarist P.; Matovu,   John Mary; Levine,   Sebastian; Birungi,   Patrick.
This paper analyses the impact of the global economic and financial crisis on Uganda notably on macro-economic aggregates, sectoral output and household welfare, and the potential role of fiscal policy and reform in mitigating the impacts. We find that second round effects from a reduction in financial inflows such as remittances, foreign direct investments and overseas development assistance, as well as reduction in international demand from cash crops such as cotton, tea and coffee, could lead to a reduction in economic growth by 0.6 percentage points on average annually over the period 2008- 2010 compared to a baseline reflecting pre-crisis conditions. A surge in regional exports and early counter-cyclical policies in particular are found to dampen the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Uganda; Global economic and financial crisis; Computable general equilibrium (CGE); Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; Production Economics; Public Economics; C68; D58; E62; F15; H62; I32.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113619

The Role of Institutional Environments on Technical Efficiency: A Comparative Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Cotton Farmers in Benin, Burkina Faso, and Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Theriault,   Veronique.
This paper examines the role of institutional environments on cotton farmer technical efficiency scores in Benin, Burkina Faso, and Mali using a stochastic frontier production approach. First, the key institutional changes that have occurred with the recent market-oriented reforms are discussed. Then, farm efficiency per country is measured using cross-sectional data collected by the Cotton Sector Reform Project of the Africa, Power, and Politics Programme in 2009. Results from a one-stage estimation procedure suggest that while no technical inefficiency exists in Benin, an average technical efficiency of 69% and 46% is found in Burkina Faso and Mali, respectively. Agricultural development policies focusing on reducing the inefficiency at the farm level in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Technical Efficiency; Institutional Changes; Reforms; Benin; Burkina Faso; Mali; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103436

Potential Implications of a Special Safeguard Mechanism in the WTO: the Case of Wheat
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.; Martin,   William J.; Leister,   Amanda M.
The Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM) was a key issue in the July 2008 failure to reach agreement in the WTO negotiations under the Doha Development Agenda. It includes both price (P-SSM) and quantity-triggered measures (Q-SSM). This paper uses a stochastic simulation model of the world wheat market to investigate the effects of policy makers implementing policies based on the SSM rules. As expected, implementation of the Q-SSM is found to reduce imports, raise domestic prices, and boost mean domestic production in the SSM regions. However, rather than insulating countries that use it from price volatility, it would actually increase domestic price volatility in developing countries, largely by restricting imports when domestic output is low and prices...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Safeguard; SSM; WTO; Volatility; Wheat; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q1; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61000

Adjustments in Demand During Lithuania's Economic Transition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hossain,   Ferdaus; Jensen,   Helen H.
Significant economic changes have occurred in Lithuania since 1992. Major market reforms were introduced through phased liberalization of producer and consumer prices. Panel data from a Lithuanian Household Budget Survey conducted during 1992-94 were used to estimate demand parameters for aggregated commodity groups. The evidence from the household survey shows the relative stability of demand parameters. Estimated price and expenditure elasticities are consistent with levels of low income countries. Households have been relatively responsive to changes in prices and total expenditure in their purchases during the period of transition.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18520

Monetary Policy Challenges for Emerging Market Economies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hammond,   Gill; Kanbur,   Ravi; Prasad,   Eswar.
This paper introduces a significant new collection of papers on monetary policy in emerging market economies, written by leading analysts and policy makers. Does existing economic theory provide lessons that are pertinent for designing effective monetary policy frameworks in emerging markets? What can be learned from cross-country studies and from experiences of individual countries that have adopted different approaches? While country-specific circumstances and initial conditions matter a great deal in formulating suitable frameworks, are there clear general principles that can serve as a guide in this process? These are among the issues addressed in the dialogue between academics and policy makers represented in this volume. In this paper, we provide an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emerging Markets; Monetary Policy; Economies; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48925

The Mexican Animal Identification System: Current Situation, Problems, and Potential
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ortega,   Carlos; Peel,   Derrell S.
Mexico initiated a federal animal  identification (ID) system (SINIIGA) in 2003. The program is administered by an agency of the federal Department of Agriculture (SAGARPA) and has been used primarily to support a federal subsidy program for livestock producers. The program is conceptually well designed, but implementation thus far falls short of the potential and needs, most importantly in animal disease management. Although substantial numbers of animals have been tagged, relatively little progress has been made in developing a usable animal ID information system. Animal health officials currently are not actively involved in the development and use of the system.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Mexican animal ID system; Livestock; Mexico; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Political Economy; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92597

A Review of Economic Appraisal of Environmental Goods and Services: With a Focus on Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearne,   Robert R.
Environmental economics has an extensive literature on procedures for placing economic values on the environment. Most of these methodologies have been developed and refined in the context of developed countries, where high levels of disposable income allow for a high demand for environmental amenities and a willingness to pay for non-use values. This paper argues that the applicability of these methodologies may be limited in developing countries. A microeconomic model, designed to highlight the different roles of environmental goods and services in developed and developing counties, is presented. In developing countries the value of environmental amenities is relatively less important than the value of environmental resources in the production process....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24144

Economic Situation and Development Perspectives of Farms in Poland - An Analysis Based on Survey Data from Selected Polish Voivodships and a Comparison with German Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin; Spychalski,   Grzegorz; Switlyk,   Michal; Tyran,   Ewa.
The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of farm-level data collected in a survey of 464 Polish farms in 2000. Performance indicators of farms in three Polish voivodships are compared with farm accountancy data from two German Länder. The results show that Polish farms are much less profitable than their German counterparts. The gap in income levels is much higher between persons employed in the agricultural sector than between average working persons in the two countries. Living standards of the Polish farm population in the north-west exceed those in the south-east of the country. The analysis suggests that the lower profitability of farms has two major reasons. First, farms in the German regions receive much higher levels of subsidies. Second,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Farm performance; Survey data; Poland; Germany; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98251

Custom and Capital: A Financial Appraisal of Alternative Arrangements for Large-Scale Oil Palm Development on Customary Land in Sarawak, Malaysia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cramb,   Rob A.; Ferraro,   Deanna.
The oil palm boom in Southeast Asia has increased demand for institutional arrangements facilitating large-scale plantation development on customary lands. A financial model of an oil palm plantation in Sarawak, Malaysia, is used to explore six project types, including managed smallholders, three different joint-venture arrangements, renting, and (for comparison) a private plantation on state land. Benefit-cost analysis is used as basis for project, private (shareholder), and stakeholder analyses. There is a trade-off between the efficiency and equity outcomes of the alternative arrangements. While joint venture projects provide higher aggregate net benefits, managed smallholder projects provide more benefits to landholders. When the actual performance of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malaysia; Oil palm; Plantation development; Customary tenure; Managed smallholders; Joint ventures; Benefit-cost analysis.; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59072

PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LESS-FAVORED AREAS &lt;Chinese version&gt;
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16034

Testing for Convergence Clubs in Income Per-Capita: A Predictive Density Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Canova,   Fabio.
The paper proposes a technique to jointly tests for groupings of unknown size in the cross sectional dimension of a panel and estimates the parameters of each group, and applies it to identifying convergence clubs in income per-capita. The approach uses the predictive density of the data, conditional on the parameters of the model. The steady state distribution of European regional data clusters around four poles of attraction with different economic features. The distribution of income per-capita of OECD countries has two poles of attraction and each group has clearly identifiable economics characteristics. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode vorgestellt, mit der es möglich ist, Gruppierungen von Querschnittsdaten von zunächst unbekanntem Umfang...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Heterogeneities; Panel Data; Predictive Density; Income Inequality; International Development; C11; D90; 047.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26361

Beyond Bono: Making Foreign Aid More Efficient in Putting into Place the Development Fundamentals
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25055

INFRASTRUCTURE AND TECHNOLOGY CONSTRAINTS TO AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE HUMID AND SUBHUMID TROPICS OF AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spencer,   Dunstan S.C.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16116

Fundamentals Versus Beliefs under Almost Common Knowledge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.
Modern economic growth models show that the equilibrium outcome may depend on agents' beliefs (expectations) rather than on economic fundamentals (history).  In this situation, the equilibrium is indeterminate.  However, if agents have "almost common knowledge" rather than common knowledge about the economic fundamentals, this indeterminacy vanishes in one of these models, under certain restrictions.  In this situation, the unique competitive equilibrium can be influenced by government policy, just as in standard models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Equilibrium selection; History versus expectations; Economic growth; Common knowledge; Almost common knowledge; Non-convex technology; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; D70; D82; D84; J60.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25006

NATURAL RESOURCE ABUNDANCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ding,   Ning; Field,   Barry C.
This paper explores whether natural resource abundance leads, other things equal, to slower growth rates.  We distinguish between natural resource dependence (RD) and the natural resource endowment (RE).  We estimate three models, using World Bank data on national capital stocks.  In a one-equation model we show that RD has a negative effect on growth rates, apparently confirming the main results of the resource "curse" literature.  RE, however, has a positive impact on growth.  We then estimate a two-equation model, in which the impacts of RE are much weaker.  Finally, we estimate a three-equation model, in which the impacts of natural resources on growth disappears.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14531

Indian Agriculture: Managing Growth with Equity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gulati,   Ashok; Landes,   Maurice R.; Ganguly,   Kavery.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94722

Strategies for Successfully Settling Farmers in South Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mokhatla,   P.Z.; Nell,   Wilhelm T.
The South African government initiated the land reform program in 1994, which is facilitated by the Department of Land Affairs. The land reform programme has three divisions, namely redistribution, restitution and land tenure. The main objectives of land reform since its inception are poverty alleviation, justice, food security, rural transformation, economic growth and to readdress the landless, the poor, women, the disposed and the previously disadvantaged to acquire land. The question can be asked: Has land reform achieved its goals in the past 10 years since its inception? This paper outlines the concept of a strategic approach as described by Nell and. Napier (2005) to help successfully establish farmers in South Africa and also other strategies that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land reform; Strategic approach; Emerging farmers; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24261

Examining the dimensions of governance that are relevant for private investment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vu Le,   Quan; Rishi,   Meenakshi.
Which types of governance indicators matter the most for private investment? This short paper answers the question by examining the impact of specific governance indicators on private investment in a cross-section of developing economies. Results indicate that an effective government that includes competent and independent civil service and credible governmental policies are positively associated with private investment. Fair and predictable rules of the game that determine the extent to which property rights are protected also facilitate greater private investment. Based on this the paper concludes that since some indicators of governance matter more than others, targeted institutional reform that focuses first on the significant dimensions may be key to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Private investment; Governance; Developing economies.; International Development; Public Economics; E02; E22; O16.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95914

Something of a Paradox: The Neglect of Agriculture in Economic Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bezemer,   Dirk J.; Headey,   Derek D.
This paper argues that investment in agriculture has a large and continuing developmental importance in terms of both economic growth and poverty reduction. Moreover, targeted public resources have proven to be indispensable in achieving these results. Both arguments are supported with novel analyses which update and strengthen the traditional case for agriculture-led development with public-sector involvement. But despite the strong case for agriculture-led development strategies, the authors find that the financial resources allocated towards this sector have strongly declined over the last three decades, and they suggest that a shift towards new development paradigms since 1980 might be a significant explanation for this apparent Agricultural Paradox....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Productivity; Economic Growth; Poverty Alleviation; Urban Biases; Public Expenditure; Foreign Aid; Washington Consensus.; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25267

Agriculture and the World Trade Organization: Does Membership Make a Difference?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grant,   Jason H.; Boys,   Kathryn A.
Recent empirical studies have estimated the trade flow effect of membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). One important, although largely untested, conclusion from this literature is that the GATT/WTO has worked well if we ignore trade in agriculture – one of the institution’s seemingly apparent failures. This article investigates this conclusion using a large panel of agricultural and non-agricultural trade flows, the latter of which serves as our benchmark. The results are impressive: the multilateral institution has delivered significant positive effects on members’ agricultural trade relative to trade between non-members. Further, despite their special and differential...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: WTO; Membership; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90886

The Economic Growth Impacts of Sugarcane Expansion In Brazil: An Inter-Regional Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deuss,   Annelies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Sugarcane expansion; Economic growth; Propensity score; Ethanol; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C14; C21; O13; R13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103564

Producers and Consumer attitudes toward Biotechnology in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nsafoah,   Annie; Dicks,   Michael R.; Osei,   Collins.
Over 265 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa face malnutrition, chronic hunger, and poverty. One of the technologies that could help alleviate the perpetuating cycle of chronic hunger is biotechnology. Genetic modification (GM) has the potential to enhance agricultural productivity and improve Africa’s food security, but little is known about the potential benefits and costs of using genetically modified maize in Africa - Ghana.  African and Ghanaian policy makers, farmers, and consumers often have difficulty accepting new technologies. Their reluctance is due to the investment required for new technology, - aversion to risk, the changes required to traditional production practices, and incomplete- knowledge of new technologies. This study elicits the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Producers and Consumer attitudes toward Biotechnology in Ghana; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98642

Economic Aspects of Wind Power Generation in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Wong,   Linda.
Power interruptions are a typical characteristic of national grids in developing countries. Manufacturing, processing, refrigeration and other facilities that require a dependable supply of power, and might be considered a small grid within the larger national grid, employ diesel generators for backup. In this study, we develop a stochastic simulation model of a very small grid connected to an unreliable national grid to show that the introduction of wind generated power can, despite its intermittency, reduce costs significantly. For a small grid with a peak load of 2.85 MW and diesel generating capacity of 3.75 MW provided by two diesel generators, the savings from using wind energy (based on wind data for Mekelle, Ethiopia) can amount to over a million...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wind energy and development; Stochastic simulation of electricity grids; Economic savings from wind power; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q42.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54706

DER SLOWAKISCHE MARKT FÜR MILCH UND MILCHPRODUKTE – VOM BEGINN DER TRANSFORMATION BIS ZUM EU-BEITRITT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glitsch,   Kristina; Eerits,   Alena.
Like in other CEEC, transition in the beginning of the 1990s had significant consequences for the agricultural and food sectors in Slovakia. For example, Slovakian consumers reacted to the abolition of consumer subsidies by drastically reducing their consumption of milk and milk products. Concurrently, milk production declined and now stands at fifty percent of its 1989 level. Dairies were closed down while those remaining carried on producing under constantly increasing overcapacities. In the years prior to EU accession, activities in the milk sector were primarily aimed at the adoption of EU standards. Meanwhile, the Slovakian milk processing industry is predominantly in the possession of foreign investors. Present per capita consumption of milk and milk...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Slovakia; Dairy industry; Milk consumption; Milk production; Milk processing; Structural change; Slowakei; Milchbranche; Milchkonsum; Milcherzeugung; Milchverarbeitung; Strukturwandel.; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Marketing; L11; L66; Q13.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92026

Valuing the Risk of Death and Injury from Landmines in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barns,   Sandra A.; Cameron,   Michael P.; Gibson,   John; Lim,   Steven; Marsh,   Dan; Scrimgeour,   Frank G.; Tressler,   John.
This paper presents estimates of the benefits of clearing landmines in rural Thailand using the contingent-valuation (CV) method. The data came from a survey where we asked 341 respondents referendum-type questions that elicit their willingness to pay for landmine clearance. Our estimates imply a value of a statistical life of between US$0.2-0.3 million. The survey also provides estimates of the injury risk-death risk tradeoff and the implicit value of statistical injury. These estimates suggest that the value of lives and injuries saved from mine clearing is likely to be at least an order of magnitude greater than those used in existing studies of mine clearing. Linking a household expenditure survey involving the same sample enables the relationship...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Benefit-cost analysis; Contingent valuation; Landmines; Value of statistical life; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; J17; J28; 022; Q28.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97797

Can SMEs Build Global Brands with Place-Of-Origin Information? The Role of Social Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dentoni,   Domenico; Reardon,   Thomas.
Agri-food small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can enter global food chains by pursuing niche marketing strategies, where a narrow segment of customers perceives high benefits of food products that compensate their high prices and do not require large volumes of supply (Humphrey, 2005). To serve a niche of global customers, building a brand is challenging but crucial. Brands are crucial as they provide signals of the overall quality of products, as well as create an image that differentiates them from competitors (Keller, 1993). Building a brand is particularly important for firms that aspire to have a product image associated to credence attributes (Darby and Karni, 1973; Humphrey, 2005). Credence attributes are quality features that cannot be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58006

Determinants of Income Diversification among Fishing Communities in Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olale,   Edward; Henson,   Spencer J.; Cranfield,   John A.L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income Diversification; Fish worker; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61259

Temporary Migration, Remittances and Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vanzetti,   David.
Discussions within the World Trade Organization on the temporary movement of labour across borders have met with limited success, in spite of the potential benefits to both home and destination countries. Developed countries have been reluctant to allow increased immigration because of concerns about the social and economic impacts of integrating foreign workers. Recently available bilateral data on current migration flows, differences in wages and remittances makes it possible to estimate the potential impacts of temporary migration on wages and national income. Using a general equilibrium model that separates skilled and unskilled labour, we show that a three per cent increase in the labour force due to increased migration would increase national income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Migration; Trade; GATS mode 4; International Development; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59174

Integrated report of the project "Identification of pulling factors for enhancing the sustainable development of diverse agriculture in selected Asian countries"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sugino,   Tomohide; Yonekura,   Hitoshi; Hutagaol,   Parulian.
The study focused on the impact of recent global economic developments like trade liberalization, stock farm products including rice, environmental and domestic policies on secondary crop production, consumption, and processing in two interrelated components: general approach and case studies. Both descriptive and quantitative analysis was used.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7359

ZUR WETTBEWERBSFAHIGKEIT DER WEISSSRUSSISCHEN MILCHWIRTSCHAFT: EINE ANWENDUNG DES PORTERSCHEN DIAMANTEN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Ramanovich,   Mikhail.
This Discussion Paper provides an analysis of competitiveness of the Belarus’ dairy sector based on international trade indicators. The ex-post analysis is extended by an ex-ante analysis in order to gain detailed insights into the sector’s future opportunities and challenges. Systematic access is established through relevant determinants with respect to Porter’s diamond. Ex-post analysis results indicate a strong position of Belarus in the international dairy trade although limited to homogenous products like milk powder and evaporated milk. Competitive disadvantages were revealed for highly processed dairy products. The ex-ante analysis through Porter’s diamond model reveals the necessary prerequisites for potentially successful future developments in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Belarus; Foreign trade; Porter; Competitiveness; Milk; Weissrussland; Aussenhandel; Porter; Wettbewerbsfahigkeit; Milch; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Productivity Analysis; P23; P45; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91962

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL CAPITAL AND REGIONAL COMPETITIVENESS IN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bronisz,   Urszula; Heijman,   Wim J.M.
This article aims at presenting different approaches to the phenomenon of social capital. The concept of social capital is ambiguous and that is why we will highlight a number of definitions of this notion. The central attention of the paper focuses on the relationship between social capital and regional development and competitiveness. The fundamental question concerns the impact of social capital on the regional economic performance. Hence, we will survey the empirical examination of 16 Polish regions in terms of social capital. We will also study whether the regional level of social capital depends on the level of competitiveness. The purpose of this article is also to make a contribution to the discussion concerning the relationship between economic...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Social capital; Regional growth; Competitiveness; Polish regions; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91110

Strategies for Developing Domestic and International Markets for Nicaragua's Dairy Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
This paper analyzes the capacity of Nicaragua's dairy industry to expand domestic dairy product sales and exports profitably. The paper (a) presents information on traits of Nicaragua's dairy industry that influence domestic and export market expansion capabilities, and (b) benchmarks Nicaragua's dairy industry against principles that have been discovered to have relevant, profitable applications in the dairy industries of other countries for expanding domestic sales and exports. Six strategies for expanding Nicaragua's domestic dairy product sales and dairy exports are specified in the paper.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nicaragua Dairy Industry; Domestic Dairy Product Sales; Dairy Exports; Export Markets; Transportation Costs; Cold Storage; Central American Diary Markets; Morolique Cheese; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37566

Import procedures for timber to the European Union; Options for streamlining procedures for legal timber
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kamphuis,   Ben M.; Verwaart,   Tim.
This report provides a description of the institutions involved in timber import and an overview of import procedures and related documents in the Netherlands in the framework of the European Union Action Plan for Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT). FLEGT aims at establishing Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPAs) between the EU and timber producing countries. The report includes recommendations with respect to streamlining import procedures and electronic document handling.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Timber Import Procedures; Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43072

The Dairy Sectors of New Zealand and Australia: A Regional Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armentano,   Louis E.; Dobson,   William D.; Jesse,   Edward V.; Olson,   Norman F.
New Zealand and Australia comprise the largest dairy exporting block in world markets and the dairy industries of both countries have geared up in recent years to expand production of dairy products. The report synthesizes observations and insights from a site visit by the authors in February 2004 that involved extensive interviews with dairy industry leaders, academics and government officials in New Zealand and Australia. The focus is on the nature of competitive challenges to U.S. dairy farmers, processors, and exporters. The report addresses questions related to the potential for expanding milk production in the two countries, export niches with respect to product mix and destinations, and likely strategic behavior of major Oceania exporters.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia Dairy Industry; New Zealand Dairy Industry; Political Economics of Oceania; Exchange-Rate Impacts; Resource-Based Economics; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37518

Facing the Development Challenge in Mozambique: An Economywide perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tarp,   Finn; Jensen,   Henning Tarp; Arndt,   Channing; Robinson,   Sherman; Herlberg,   Rasmus.
This study responds to some of Mozambique's basic development challenges and provides qualitative and quantitative insights for policymaking from an economywide perspective. The report highlights the importance of agricultural development showing agriculture's large sectoral multiplier effects and that applying scarce capital to agriculture is generally more effective than applying it to industry and services. A novel CGE model is developed and used in a series of analyses focused on the impact and design of economic policy. Issues addressed are aid dependency, biases in price incentives facing the agriculture sector, improvement in agricultural technology and marketing margins, risk-reducing behavior and gender roles in agricultural production, and food...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16541

AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES RECENTES NA AGRICULTURA PARANAENSE EM UM CONTEXTO DE INEXISTÊNCIA DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA O SETOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trintin,   Jaime Graciano; Gualda,   Neio Lucio Peres; Russo,   Leticia Xander.
O artigo evidencia as transformações ocorridas na agricultura paranaense a partir do processo de integração das economias regionais no Brasil. A ênfase recai sobre as alterações ocorridas na estrutura produtiva da agricultura da economia estadual. O trabalho esboça alguns traços mais marcantes do desenvolvimento agrícola do Paraná a partir de meados da década de oitenta do século passado e se estende até a atualidade. Trabalha-se com a hipótese de que o desenvolvimento econômico do Paraná resulta, de um lado, das políticas públicas de desenvolvimento regional, principalmente a política de crédito, haja vista que num primeiro momento contribuíram para a expansão da economia estadual e potencializaram o desenvolvimento de sua agricultura e, de outro, de que...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento agrícola; Agricultura paranaense; Transformações no campo; Desenvolvimento regional; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109659

The contribution of female non-farm income to poverty reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seebens,   Holger.
There is a widely held view that off-farm income in developing countries tends to reduce poverty, leading to the conclusion that policies should focus on the further diversification of income options of rural households. However, much off-farm employment might be initiated rather as a survival strategy but as a sustainable way to reduce poverty in the long run. Using a rich data set from Tanzania, this study examines the potential income increases generated by off-farm income with a particular focus on off-farm income contributed by women. The findings indicate that women’s contributions to household income through off-farm activities are limited and smaller as compared to those of men. Investigating the possible reasons, fetching water and collecting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income diversification; Off-farm employment; Women; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; D1; D6; J22; J4.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51762

Measuring the poverty impact of ACIAR projects: a broad framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pearce,   David.
This report sets out some broad ideas about how poverty evaluation could be conducted for ACIAR research projects. As with good benefit–cost analysis, there are good practices that need to be observed when undertaking poverty analysis. While poverty is a broad concept, and can be addressed through many means, these need to be grounded in some common understanding of the economics of poverty. This report is concerned mostly with quantitative evaluation, in the same sense that current ACIAR project evaluations are quantitative. That is, it is concerned with saying something about the order of magnitude of the effects of the project. Of course, qualitative analysis is important, and in most cases is a prelude to quantification — there is little point...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Poverty evaluation; Benefit-cost analysis; Poverty analysis; Economics of poverty; Quantitative evaluation; Analytical; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47697

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN KAZAKHSTAN: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zharkynbayeva,   Roza.
The article considers the problems of corporate social responsibility in the Republic of Kazakhstan. There are certain preconditions created for formation of corporate responsibility of businesses in the country: regulatory and legislative institutions, public-private partnership are being developed. However, involvement of the business into the social-targeted projects is not significant yet. Corporate social responsibility is only on its way to become a systemic phenomenon of the Kazakhstan’s society and culture.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Social responsibility; Social partnership; Kazakhstan.; International Development; Public Economics; M14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94600

Implications of a Doha Agreement on Agricultural Markets in Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdel Karim,   Imad Eldin Elfadil; Abler,   David G.
The latest round of multilateral trade negotiations was launched at the ministerial meeting of the World Trade Organization in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001.  Agriculture is a major item on the agenda for the Doha Round.  The primary focus is on the three “pillars” of the Uruguay Round agreement—domestic support, market access, and export competition. The framework for a final agreement was finalized at a Ministerial meeting in Geneva in July 2004, but contains few details on modalities (e.g., the formula to be used for reductions in tariffs/increases in tariff-rate quotas, quantitative limitations on domestic support, and the schedule for the elimination of export subsidies).  Detailed proposals on a number of these issues were put forward in October 2005...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Doha Agreement; Sudan; Agricultural markets; Trade policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37918

Measuring the Effect of Education and Influence on Female Employment and Empowerment:  Evidence from India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kandpal,   Eeshani; Baylis,   Katherine R.; Arends-Kuenning,   Mary.
This paper shows that participation in a community-level female empowerment program in India significantly increases access to employment, physical mobility, and political participation.  The program provides support groups, literacy camps, adult education classes, and vocational training.  We use truncation-corrected matching and instrumental variables on primary data to disentangle the program's mechanisms, separately considering its effect on women who work, and those who do not work but whose reservation wage is increased by participation.  We also find significant spillover effects on non-participants relative to women in untreated districts.  Using instrumental variables and matching, we find consistent estimates for average treatment and intent to...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123705

Political Economy of Anglo-French Trade, 1689-1899: Agricultural Trade Policies, Alcohol Taxes, and War
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nye,   John V.C.
Britain – contrary to received wisdom – was not a free trader for most of the 1800s and, despite repeal of the Corn Laws, continued to have higher tariffs than the French until the last quarter of the century. War with Louis XIV from 1689 led to the end of all trade between Britain and France for a quarter of a century. The creation of powerful protected interests both at home and abroad (notably in the form of British merchants, and investors in Portuguese wine) led to the imposition of prohibitively high tariffs on French imports -- notably on wine and spirits -- when trade with France resumed in 1714. Protection of domestic interests from import competition allowed the state to raise domestic excises which provided increased government revenues despite...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F13; H20; N40; N43; N53; O13; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53881

Report on the 20th West Indies Agricultural Economics Conference
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McIntosh,   Curtis.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: West Indies Agricultural Economics Conference; Caribbean Agro-Economic Society; University of the West Indies; UWI; International Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44536

Chinese Market Access Barriers of U.S Oilseeds and Grains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yeboah,   Osei-Agyeman; Appiah-Danquah,   Gloria.
China was admitted into the WTO in December 2001 and this raised the hopes of the US that China will open up to agricultural trade with the US. However, this potential has not been realized. The goal of this study is to determine the impacts of trade impediments and barriers of the market access of US oilseeds and grains in China. A market access variable that was obtained by dividing the total value of U.S soybean and corn exports to China by U.S agricultural G.D.P was regressed on China’s per capita income, exchange rate of the yuan to the dollar, arable land to labor ratio in the U.S and a dummy variable representing China’s WTO accession. The result found per capita income to have a positive impact on market access of U.S oilseeds and grains in China....
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market Access; Market Access Barriers; U.S Oil seeds and Grains; Import; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119794

Cultural Endowments and Economic Development: What Can We Learn from Anthropology?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7505

Agglomeration and Growth with and without Capital Mobility
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baldwin,   Richard E.; Forslid,   Rikard; Martin,   Philippe; Ottaviano,   Gianmarco I.P.; Robert-Nicoud,   Frederic.
This paper presents a simple framework in which the location and the growth rate of economic activities are endogenous and interact. We show that the nature of the equilibrium and of the relation between growth and location depends fundamentally on whether capital is assumed to be mobile (in which case we interpret it as physical capital) or immobile (human capital). In the first case, with constant returns to scale, growth and location are independent and no divergence or convergence process takes place. We show that newly created firms can relocate to the poor region, even though there is always a higher share of firms in the rich region, if the industry is competitive and if the return to capital is low. With immobile capital, a process of convergence...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26403

An Analysis of the Recent Evolution of Mali’s Maize Subsector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Amadou Sekou.
In most developing countries, historically, the main strategy for improving the food sector has focused on increasing farm-level production. But in recent years, with the emphasis on value chain analysis, there has been much more focus on subsector studies, demand-driven approaches, and improving vertical coordination to assure product quality to final consumption markets. Millet, sorghum, and later rice were the traditional leading three cereal crops produced and consumed in Mali. Maize has trailed them for more than two decades, but from mid 1990s on, it has been produced and consumed in much larger quantities. Given the potentials of maize, developing and better organizing its subsector has the potential to not only increase revenues for maize farmers,...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Value chain; Mali; Cereals; Food security; Agricultural marketing; Livestock feed; Industrial organization; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; L11-Production; Pricing; And Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms; N57-Africa; Oceania; O17-Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements; O33-Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes; Q12-Micro Analysis of Farm Firms; Farm Households; And Farm Input Markets; Q13-Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness; Q18-Agricultural Policy; Food Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101316

Spatial Aspects of the Design and Targeting of Agricultural Development Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wood,   Stanley; Sebastian,   Kate; Nachtergaele,   Freddy; Nielsen,   Daniel; Dai,   Aiguo.
Two increasingly shared perspectives within the international development community are that (a) geography matters, and (b) many government interventions would be more successful if they were better targeted. This paper unites these two notions by exploring the opportunities for, and benefits of, bringing an explicitly spatial dimension to the tasks of formulating and evaluating agricultural development strategies. The paper was originally conceived to address the more specific goal of proposing a spatial characterization to underpin deliberations on appropriate development strategies for the “fragile” or “less-favored” lands of Sub-Saharan Africa. In practice, however, we considered that goal to be not only impractical but, perhaps, ill-conceived. The...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42830

Assessing Development Strategies and Africa's Food and Nutrition Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heidhues,   Franz; Atsain,   Achi; Nyangito,   Hezron Omare; Padilla,   Martine; Ghersi,   Gerard; Le Vallee,   Jean-Charles.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45765

AGRICULTURAL PRICES: THIRD WORLD DILEMMA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peterson,   Willis L.
Due to a lack of internationally comparable agricultural price data, implicit output/input price ratios are constructed as the reciprocals of input MPPs. The MPPs are estimated by a production function fitted to data from a world cross section of 119 countries. Although the output/purchased input price rations are substantially higher for the developed nations than the less developed countries, the opposite is true of the output/labor price ratio. The price of agricultural output relative to wages and per capita income is nearly three times greater in the third world than in the developed countries. Price and trade policies which maintain output prices in developing countries below world market levels are seen as a compromise between the low...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14133

TARGETING OUTCOME REDUX
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.; Grosh,   Margaret; Hoddinott,   John.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15924

Corporate Governance of Banks in Developing Economies: Concepts and Issues
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arun,   Thankom G.; Turner,   John David.
This paper discusses the corporate governance of banking institutions in developing economies. This is an important issue given the essential role banks play in the financial systems of developing economies and the widespread banking reforms that these economies have implemented. Based on a theoretical discussion of the corporate governance of banks, we suggest that banking reforms can only be fully implemented once a prudential regulatory system is in place. An integral part of banking reforms in developing economies is the privatisation of banks. We suggest that corporate governance reforms may be a prerequisite for the successful divestiture of government ownership. Furthermore, we also suggest that the increased competition resulting from the entrance...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30551

Changing Patterns of Livestock, Meat, and Dairy Marketing in Post-Communist Kazakhstan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Esenova,   Saulesh; Dobson,   William D.
This Discussion Paper describes the challenges associated with marketing livestock, meat, milk, and dairy products in Post-Communist Kazakhstan. A major finding is that Food Master, a joint venture between Developed Technologies, Inc. of the US and Ak-Bulak, Ltd. of Kazakhstan, achieved profits and large market shares in the fluid milk business in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. Food Master's milk procurement practices also changed the structure of the dairy business in Kazakhstan's Almaty region and provided a model for slowing the downward spiral in milk production in Kazakhstan. The study contains lessons for other agribusinesses wishing to form joint ventures in Post-Communist Central Asia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Kazakhstan; Marketing in Kazakhstan; Post-Communism; Food Master; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37659

Current Economic Conditions in Myanmar and Options for Sustainable Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dapice,   David.
In this paper, an extensive report on the economy of Myanmar prepared in 1998 is supplemented by more recent reports as of fall 2002 (included as appendices). The economy of Myanmar is one of the poorest in South East Asia. Despite relatively rapidly growth during the 1990's, per capita income by 1998 was little higher than in the middle 1980s. Inflation rates are high, the currency value has fallen sharply, and Myanmar has one of the world's lowest rates relative to income of government revenue and non-military spending. Agriculture in Myanmar has an unusually high share (59%) of GDP. Despite a high reported growth rate, yields for most food crops have remained stagnant or dropped. Poor price incentives and credit systems constrain agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15582

Policy Responses to 2008 High Food Prices: Domestic Incentives and Global Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Woolverton,   Andrea E.; Kiawu,   James.
Global food commodity price inflation beginning in 2006 and continuing through mid-2008 became a priority concern for global consumers, producers and policy-makers alike.  In response, many governments across the world implemented policies targeting high food commodity prices in their domestic markets.  These policy responses were concentrated in lower income countries and primarily targeted rice and wheat. The 2007-08 policy responses across countries included liberalized import tariffs, export restrictions and increased domestic support for both consumers and producers.   We develop a case study of 15 major global trading, lower-income countries’ policy responses .  The analysis addressed the following questions: a) What policy responses did major global...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: High food prices; Trade policy; Agriculture; Political economy; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104506

Development in the Midst of Drought: Evaluating an Agricultural Extension and Credit Program in Nicaragua.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullally,   Conner.
This essay is an evaluation of year one of the Rural Business Development (RBD) program for small rice farmers in León, Nicaragua. The RBD program is administered by the Millennium Challenge Corporation, and is designed to deliver agricultural extension advice and affordable credit in the form of inputs to farm households. This essay estimates the average impact of the program on rice yields and revenues utilizing inverse propensity score weighting combined with linear regression. In conducting statistical inference, it also accounts for the fact that agricultural outcomes are likely correlated over space in a small area such as the one studied here. The results suggest that the program had no impact on average, likely due to the presence of a severe...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Development; Extension; Credit; Spatial; Impact evaluation; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108723

The Impacts of Fees and Taxes on Choices of  Development Timing and Capital Intensity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jou,   Jyh-Bang; Lee,   Tan.
This article compares the effects of various fiscal policies on choices of development timing and capital intensity when rents on housing follow geometric Brownian motion with those when rents follow arithmetic Brownian motion. These policy instruments include fees on capital, housing, and land, and taxes on urban income, and properties both before and after development. Regardless of the motion of rents, when one choice is fixed, the effects of these policy instruments on the other choice are qualitatively the same. When the two choices are determined endogenously, although these policy instruments exhibit the same qualitative effect on the choice of development timing, they may exhibit different effects on the choice of capital intensity if rents on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Capital intensity; Development Timing; Fees; Taxation; Real Options; International Development; G13; H21; H23; R52.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10352

Assessing the potential impact of strengthening food safety regulations on developing countries: The US Food Safety and Modernization Act
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mosquera,   Mauricio; Evans,   Edward A.; Walters,   Lurleen M.; Spreen,   Thomas H.
This paper’s goal is to assess the extent to which producers in Developing Countries have coped stricter US food safety regulations. We approach the question by calculating refusals/imports ratios and their trends for a sample of Developing Countries. We conclude there is a learning process in low value added products.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Traceability; Value chain analysis; Trade; Latin America and the Caribbean; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119711

IS THE EXPORT-LEAD GROWTH HYPOTHESIS VALID FOR CANADA?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awokuse,   Titus O.
Empirical evidence linking exports to economic growth has been mixed and inconclusive. This study re-examine the export-led growth (ELG) hypothesis for Canada by testing for Granger causality from exports to national output growth using vector error correction models (VECM) and the augmented vector autoregressive (VAR) methodology developed in Toda and Yamamoto (1995). Application of recent developments in time series modeling and the inclusion of relevant variables omitted in previous studies help clarify the contradictory results from prior studies on the Canadian economy. The empirical results suggest that a long-run steady state exists among the model's six variables and that Granger causal flow is unidirectional from real exports to real GDP.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade; F43; C32.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15823

A STOCHASTIC DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING MODEL OF DIRECT SUBSIDY PAYMENTS AND AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vercammen,   James.
A stochastic dynamic programming model is used to compare the farmland investment impact of a fully decoupled direct payment and a standard price subsidy.  The direct payment induces the farmer to invest because it lowers the farm's debt to asset ratio, which in turn reduces the probability of bankruptcy.  The value of the real option to defer the investment decision is lower with a lower risk of bankruptcy, and thus the direct payment results in a higher probability of immediate investment.  Simulation results demonstrate that for a farm facing moderate revenue and land price variability, the impact of a decoupled direct payment on farm investment is nearly as large as the investment impact of an equal-sized price subsidy.  These results suggest that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15847

Conceptualizing Multifunctional Agriculture from a Global Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moon,   Wanki.
The notion of multifunctional agriculture has been actively researched from diverse disciplines including economics, ecology, sociology, and geography since emerged out of the Uruguay Round in the 1990s.  In particular, the economics approach represents an attempt to tailor the concept of multifunctional agriculture to market-oriented WTO trade regime.  The economics approach has been fundamentally troubled by the lack of concord among WTO member countries on the question of what constitutes multifunctional agriculture.  Upon examining how differently the notion of multifunctional agriculture is perceived across the US, the EU, the Cairns group, the LDCs, and the developed food-importing countries (the G10), this article theorizes that multifunctional...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional agriculture; Global governance of agriculture; WTO; Agricultural trade; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119751

THE DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF U.S. FOOD AID
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.; Mohapatra,   Sandeep; Snyder,   Donald L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28362

Impacts of an Agricultural Development Program for Poor Coconut Producers in the Philippines: An Approach Using Panel Data and Propensity Score Matching Techniques
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodriguez,   Divina Gracia P.; Rejesus,   Roderick M.; Aragon,   Corazono T.
Using panel data econometric techniques and propensity score matching procedures, this study evaluates the impact of the MAUNLAD agricultural development program - a program designed to help alleviate poverty in Philippine coconut-producing communities.  Our results indicate that the program had a significant positive mean effect on the recipients' total net farm income.  Moreover, the probability of being in poverty is shown to decrease when a poor coconut producer participates in the program.  The program's emphasis on training, intercropping, and livestock integration, as well as the more participatory approach taken, contributed to the strong positive impact of the program.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Coconut farmers; Panel data econometric techniques; Poverty alleviation program; Propensity score matching (PSM); Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7081

Agricultural Transition in Central and Eastern Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buckwell,   Allan.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50834

Smallholder Marketing Behavior and Urban Consumption Patterns in Eastern and Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Accurate information on farmer and consumer behavior is the foundation for identifying public investments and policies that can effectively promote national food security and income growth objectives. This policy brief summarizes recent findings from a study on smallholder crop marketing behavior and urban consumption patterns in Eastern and Southern Africa.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Food policy; Marketing; Smallholders; Consumption; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Q18; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62155

Has Green Revolution Bypassed Coarse Cereals? The Indian Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janaiah,   Aldas; Achoth,   Lalith; Bantilan,   Ma Cynthia S.
This paper analysed the growth performance of non-rice crop sectors by estimating total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the selected coarse cereals viz., maize, sorghum and pearl millet in India. The analysis indicates that the TFP growth contributed substantially to the output growth of coarse cereals over the past three decades. The TFP growth was higher in those states where coverage of irrigation was relatively high. TFP grew at an average of 1.4 percent per annum through out the Green Revolution (GR) period for sorghum in the sate of Maharashtra where about half of the India’s sorghum area is concentrated mostly under rainfed conditions. Although small in absolute terms over the past three decades, the overall findings suggest that GR...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Coarse cereals; Green revolution; Adoption rate; India; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110142

Risk Belief, Producer Demand, and Valuation of Improved Irrigations: Results from Field Experiments in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muamba,   Francis; Kraybill,   David S.
This paper systematically estimates the potential benefit of introducing improved irrigation schemes in Mt. Kilimanjaro to help rain dependent farmers cope with the risks of climate change. The study uses Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to elicit farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for eliminating the risks of crop loss by accessing improved irrigation schemes. Data for the analysis were gathered using a double bounded survey from over 200 randomly-sampled farmers in 15 villages. The study makes a contribution to the applied welfare literature and should also be useful for policymakers in Africa. The policy contribution consists of valuation of improved irrigation in the presence of climate change risks. The applied welfare contribution consists of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Willingness to Pay; Climate Change; Irrigation; Risk Belief; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12; Q18; Q25; Q51; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61653

A REVIEW WITH REFLECTIONS AND REMARKS ON HAYAMI-RUTTAN'S AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Adolf.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14233

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE WEST OF IRELAND:  A MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reidy,   James A.
This paper focuses on the impact of economic and demographic variables on agricultural productivity.  The purpose of this study was to examine resource productivity on farms in selected areas of County Mayo.  The returns to land, labor, livestock investment, and variable nonlabor costs were examined for possible resource misallocation.  The impacts of age of decision maker and family size on gross output were also studied.  Knowledge of the productivity of resources used in the production processes of farmers in County Mayo should be of interest to the farming community, extension agents, banks and lending agencies, policy makers, and all concerned with the development of agriculture in the west of Ireland.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11037

THE EVOLUTION OF FARMING SYSTEMS IN NORTHERN COTE D'IVOIRE: BOSERUP VERSUS MALTHUS AND COMPETITION VERSUS COMPLEMENTARITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Demont,   Matty; Jouve,   Philippe; Stessens,   Johan; Tollens,   Eric.
A socio-economic analysis of a sample of farms in Northern Côte d'Ivoire revisits two debates about the evolution of farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa.  Taking into account the diversity of farming systems, the debates "Boserup vs. Malthus" and "competition vs. complementarity" between cotton and food crops become better informed and less straightforward.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21865

South Africa's Agriculture Policy Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polcyn,   Tania; Vojtech,   Václav.
South Africa has undergone enormous economic, social and political change since its democratization process began in 1994. This policy note provides a preview of key findings of the OECD's agricultural policy review for South Africa.  Over the last 15 years, with the abolition of apartheid, South Africa has experienced fundamental change led by dramatic policy reforms aimed at creating a more open and market-oriented economy. As a part of the democratization process, the South African government has directed its macroeconomic policy towards stabilizing the economic environment, attaching high importance to the confidence of domestic entrepreneurs and the international community.  South Africa defines its agricultural policy objectives in the context of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: OECD; Economic change; Democratization process; Economic reforms; Agricultural economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52065

Winners and Losers Post Democracy in Nigeria: A Look at Economic and Labor Market Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uwaifo,   Ruth.
Replaced with revised version of paper on July 5, 2007.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Democracy; Disparities; Gender differences; Returns to education; Institutional change; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9966

DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA'S AGRICULTURE AND OUTLOOK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yaoliang,   Min; Yuxiang,   Zhang; Zhixin,   Chen.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32939

Quality Management in Supply Chain Networks - The Case of Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanf,   Jon Henrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
In this article we suggest that rising quality requirements are key factors for the redesign of food chains. We argue that the food supply proceeds through pyramidalhierarchical strategic networks coordinated by powerful focal firms. These firms choose a quality strategy and employ chain quality management concepts by exerting managerial discretion to achieve the super-ordinate network aims. We introduce and elaborate upon two types of chain quality management: strategic and operative. The theoretical findings have been tested using evidence from the Polish dairy market. Semi-structured interviews were conducted across the various hierarchical levels of the 19 largest Polish dairy cooperatives during the spring of 2006. The results show that the firms’...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Chain quality management; Dairy cooperatives; Network theory; Poland; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44903

Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Indochina: Lessons from East Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.
"September 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 25-27).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: East Asia -- Economic conditions; Poverty.; Exports -- East Asia; Agricultural development; Vietnam; Viet Nam; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97534

Food Safety Incidents, Collateral Damage and Trade Policy Responses: China-Canada Agri-Food Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Huanan; Hobbs,   Jill E.; Kerr,   William A.
As markets become globalized, food safety policy and international trade policy are increasingly intertwined. Globalization also means that food safety incidents are widely reported internationally. One result is that food safety incidents can negatively impact products where no food safety issue exists as consumers lose trust in both foreign and domestic food safety institutions. While the policy framework for dealing with directly effected imported foods is well understood, how to deal with the market failure associated with indirectly affected products within the existing trade policy rules has not been explored. Using the example of China’s 2007 problems with a spate of products safety incidents, a theoretical framework is developed and the response of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Canada; China; Cooperation; Food safety; Market failure; Trade policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43463

Are poor, remote areas left behind in agricultural development: the case of Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
In Tanzania, as in many other developing countries, the conventional wisdom is that economic reforms may have stimulated economic growth, but that the benefits of this growth have been uneven, favoring urban households and farmers with good market access. This idea, although quite plausible, has rarely been tested empirically. In this paper, we develop a new approach to measuring trends in poverty and apply it to Tanzania in order to explore the distributional aspects of economic growth and the relationship between rural poverty and market access. We find that, between 1991 and 2003, a period of extensive economic reforms, the overall rate of poverty fell about 9 percentage points. The degree of poverty reduction was similar between rural and urban areas,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Tanzania; Poverty; Market access; Agricultural development; Rural areas; Economic reform; Measurement; Rural poverty; International Development; I32; O18; O55; Q13; R11.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59829

Agricultural Growth and Economic Development: A View through the Globalization Lens
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pingali,   Prabhu L.
This paper re-visits the age old proposition that agriculture growth contributes to overall economic development, and asks whether the relationship still holds in an increasingly globalized world. There is overwhelming empirical support for the above proposition, indeed, it is hard to find exceptions, barring a few city states, where sustained economic development has not been preceded by robust agricultural growth. However, there are a large number of countries that have witnessed neither agricultural growth nor economic development. Even in countries where agricultural growth has been significant, dramatic inter-regional differences persist. This paper examines the factors that contribute to or constrain the process of agricultural transformation. Does...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25429

China’s Regional Disparities: Experience and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Kanbur,   Ravi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57041

Weather Risk and the Viability of Weather Insurance In Western China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Turvey,   Calum G.; Kong,   Rong; Belltawn,   Burgen.
This paper presents preliminary results on the possible demand for weather insurance in China. Results from 1,564 farm households from Western and Central China between October 2007 and October 2008 suggest that the greater risk for farmers is drought followed by excessive rain. Heat is less critical as a risk but more significant than cool weather. Results suggest a strong interest in precipitation insurance with 50% and 44% of respondents indicating strong interest in the product. Supplementary results indicate that interest is equal between planting, cultivating, and harvesting. Furthermore results suggest that farmers are willing to adopt new ideas, and where possible already take action to self insure through diversification and other means, The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Weather insurance; Rainfall insurance; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49362

The Big Players of the Former Soviet Union and World Agriculture: Issues and Outlook
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liefert,   William M.; Serova,   Eugenia; Liefert,   Olga.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53209

A Test of the New Variant Famine Hypothesis: Panel Survey Evidence from Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Chapoto,   Antony; Myers,   Robert J.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/04/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Food security; Rural livelihoods; New variant famine hypothesis; Zambia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51485

The Survival of Small-scale Agricultural Producers in Asia, particularly Vietnam: General Issues Illustrated by Vietnam's Agricultural Sector, especially its Pig Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Economic growth in more developed countries has resulted in farms increasing their scale of production and becoming more specialized in their production. The sizes of farms have tended to increase, agricultural production has become more capital-intensive, and the percentage of the workforce employed in agriculture has shown a falling trend. This process has been brought about by the operation of market systems and has reduced the number of small-scale agricultural producers. Asia still has a huge number of small-scale agricultural producers. As Asian countries experience economic growth and as market systems become more established in Asia, the survival of Asia’s small-scale agricultural producers is likely to be threatened. Since these producers are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policies; Asia; Economies of scale; Farm sizes; Household agriculture; Industrial agriculture; Pigs; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q1; Q11; Q12; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90625

Agricultural Productivity, Drought, and Economic Growth in Sahel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boubacar,   Inoussa.
A standardized precipitation index is used in a regression analysis to quantify the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in Sahel. I first estimate a Malmquist productivity index and its efficiency and technical change components. I further assess the statistical significance of the indices by estimating some confidence intervals via a bootstrap method. In the second stage of the analysis, I use a Probit model to estimate the extent to which climate variables affect agricultural productivity. It appears that agricultural performance has been disastrous in many Sahelian countries from 1970 to 2000. Using a comparable cross-country measure of drought, I provide evidence that precipitation variability is constraining not only Sahel’s...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Agriculture; Sahel; International Development; Production Economics; O13; O55; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56321

Support for pro-poor agricultural development and rural poverty reduction in Eastern Cape
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dzivakwi,   Robert; Jacobs,   Peter T.
Official data show that a small proportion of Eastern Cape households evidently derive their main or primary income from farming. But the same data also show that the majority of households with access to small plots suitable for farming are concentrated in Eastern Cape. Furthermore, comparative analyses of standard indicators of human wellbeing and development of Eastern Cape with the rest of South Africa show that the province consistently reports worse than national average rates of poverty, food insecurity, unemployment and inequality- reaching extreme levels in rural locations. Over the medium term, higher economic growth and service-oriented sectoral change, might be inadequate to reverse this dismal track record in human well-being. In this context,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96808

Elephants and the Ivory Trade Ban: Summary of Research Results
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics of elephant conservation; Economics of ivory trade; Trade bans; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q57; Q27; O13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57807

HELPING NEEDY COUNTRIES DEVELOP THEIR AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hardin,   Lowell S.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1966
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17543

Die neue Rolle von Sozialer Sicherung für ländliche Entwicklung in Entwicklungsländern
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jutting,   Johannes Paul.
In the 1990ies the ultimate target of social security has been widened: Social security aims at protecting people against life risks and helping them to take advantage of social and economic opportunities. Existing social security systems in rural areas of developing countries are often “second best solutions” and need reforms. Institutional innovations such as micro insurance schemes are a promising way of improving the risk management of rural households. The example of community based health insurance schemes in Senegal shows, that rural households can be successfully integrated into insurance schemes. This allows a better access to health care and is an essential prerequisite for increasing labour productivity. Moreover, it offers in the mid to long...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Social security; Micro insurance schemes; Developing countries; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98252

Subsistence farmer preferences for alternative incentive policies to encourage the adoption of conservation agriculture in Malawi: A choice elicitation approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marenya,   Paswel Phiri; Smith,   Vincent H.; Nkonya,   Ephraim M.
Land degradation in most sub Saharan Africa is a widely recognized problem and is due in large part to poor land management practices. To address this problem, several policy-based incentives to increase the adoption of better land management practices have been proposed, including fertilizer subsidies, cash payments and, more recently, subsidized or commercially offered weather index-based insurance contracts. However, little is known about farmers’ preferences among these policy alternatives, their relative effectiveness, and their likely fiscal implications. Using survey and choice elicitation data from 271 farmers in Central Malawi, this study examines smallholder farmers’ preferences among four major policy options that provide incentives for adopting...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice elicitation; Cash transfer; Fertilizer subisdy; Incenitves; Indemnity insurance; Malawi; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124010

Improving Food Security in Africa: Highlights of 25 Years of Research, Capacity-Building, and Outreach.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Food Security Group at Michigan State University.
Decades of research have led to substantially improved understanding of the nature of food insecurity. A combination of economic growth and targeted programs resulted in a steady fall (until the food crisis of 2007/08) in the percentage of the world’s population suffering from undernutrition (from 20% in 1990/92 to 16% in 2006). Yet over a billion people still face both chronic and/or transitory food insecurity due to long-standing problems of inadequate income, low-productivity in agricultural production and marketing, and related problems of poor health and absence of clean water. Assuring adequate food security for such a large share of the world’s population is increasingly challenging due to continuing resource degradation driven by a combination of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Research; Capacity building; Outreach; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55050

Achieving Food Security in Mali: Key Issues and Investment Needs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Dembele,   Niama Nango; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Staatz,   John M.
A key role for USAID and its partners is to identify how their resources can best contribute to increasing the capacity of the private and public sectors in Mali to scale up their investments, and increase the impact of those investments, in relation to the food security dimensions of availability, access, utilization and stability. To fulfill this role will involve identifying opportunities presented in the Malian agricultural sector investment plan (PNISA) to address critical needs in each of these dimensions, the types of investment that will best address the needs, and the set of resources and skills that will enable Malian organizations and entrepreneurs to implement those investments successfully and at scale. Even with increased resources, however,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97139

MONETARY INSTABILITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peterson,   Willis L.
Favorable conditions existed for world economic growth during the 1980s and early 1990s.  Yet real GDP growth rates for 76 out of 87 countries included in this study decreased during this time, relative to the 1968-80 period.  The middle income countries experienced the greatest decline in growth rates, followed by the low income group.  Theory and evidence suggest that an increase in the instability of the growth rate of the money supply, largest in the middle income countries and next largest in the low income nations, contributed to this decline.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12980

UNDERSTANDING AND REDUCING CHILD MALNUTRITION IN MALI: INTERIM RESEARCH FINDINGS FOR THE PROJECT ON LINKAGES BETWEEN CHILD NUTRITION AND AGRICULTURAL GROWTH (LICNAG)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Kelly,   Valerie A.
The study of the Linkages between Child Nutrition and Agricultural Growth (LICNAG) seeks to understand the positive and negative repercussions that agricultural-led growth has on children's health and nutritional status. The project's  goal is to identify means of strengthening positive linkages between agricultural development and factors that influence child health and nutritional status.  To accomplish this, we conducted a study (May 2001 - April 2002) of 750 rural households located in three agricultural systems: an irrigated rice zone in the Office du Niger of the Ségou Region, a rain-fed cotton zone in the Sikasso Region, and a traditional millet and sorghum zone in the Mopti Region. This paper reports the results of preliminary analysis using the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 16.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11665

A Economia Agrícola do Norte de Moçambique: Desenvolvimentos Recentes e Perspectivas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arlindo,   Pedro; Santos,   Ana Paula; Abdula,   Danilo Carimo; Tschirley,   David L.
Resultados das investigações do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55224

Designing REDD+ Schemes to Address Permanence Concerns: Empirical Evidence from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Veronesi,   Marcella; Schlondorn,   Tim; Zabel,   Astrid; Engel,   Stefanie.
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) is an important topic in the debate on policies to mitigate climate change. This is the first study to test and compare the environmental impact of different REDD+ payment schemes in the field, and provide some insights on the effectiveness of different policies with respect to the permanence of forest-based emission reductions. This study implements a stated preference experiment of time allocation in the unique setting of the Kasigau Corridor REDD+ Project in Kenya, where charcoaling is a major source of forest degradation. The impact on time allocation is analyzed under the presumption that a hypothetical agricultural policy or an eco-charcoaling policy was introduced. We find that a...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: REDD; Permanence; Deforestation; Labor; Kenya; International Development; I38; J22; O13; Q18; Q23; Q28; Q56.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124131

MEETING THE CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: AN ASIA PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weerasinghe,   K.J.
Speech and PowerPoint Presentation
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33177

How Mexico's Dairy Industry Has Evolved Under the NAFTA - Implications for U.S. Dairy Exporters and U.S. Investors in Mexico's Dairy-Food Businesses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.; Proctor,   Richard.
This Discussion Paper shows that the demand for imported dairy products will continue to be strong in Mexico, especially after the 2001-2002 recession ends. However, Mexico's dairy markets have matured under the NAFTA. As part of the maturity, a larger number of strong domestic firms have emerged and powerful European multi-nationals have increased dairy product sales in Mexico. In addition, the expansion of U.S. exports of fluid milk, yogurt, dried whey, and lactose to Mexico will be slow in near future because U.S. market shares of imports of these products are already large. Thus, Mexico's dairy markets no longer represent "low hanging fruit" (if they ever did) for U.S. dairy exporters and direct investors
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: NAFTA; Maturing Mexican Dairy Markets; U.S. Dairy Exports to Mexico; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37628

Table of Contents and Foreword
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95730

RUSSIA'S AGRICULTURE: EIGHT YEARS IN TRANSITION - CONVERGENCE OR DIVERGENCE OF REGIONAL EFFICIENCY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uvarovsky,   Vladimir; Voigt,   Peter.
In this paper, we consider how Russian Agriculture has developed since the constitution of the Russian Federation. The analysis is based on Oblast level data of 75 territorial units during the period from 1993 to 1998 and is focusing on technical efficiency (TE), technological change, and (both aggregated as overall index) on Total Factor Productivity (TFP). Given that the initial natural conditions were approximately constant the consistence of political programs, market reforms and restructuring were essential determinants of regional developments of TE and TFP above or below the common trend. If this assumption is widely true an investigation of responsible circumstances for these divergences seems to be an important task in the actual regional-economic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Rural areas; Divergence; Russian Federation; Agriculture; International Development; Productivity Analysis; O13; O47.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14891

Special and Differential Treatment: A Mechanism to Promote Development?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   William A.
Much has been made of "special and differential" treatment in the Doha Development Round of WTO negotiations. In particular, a conscious effort has been made to infer that special and differential treatment will promote development. While special and differential treatment may be a necessary evil given developing countries' higher adjustment costs, dignifying it as a development mechanism plays into the hands of protectionist interests. In particular, by allowing a general increase in the ability of developing countries to isolate their economies, it may reduce the efficacy of important forces that prod institutional reforms in developing countries. As institutional reform is one of the keys to economic development, lionizing special and differential...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Development; Institutional reform; Protectionism; Special and differential treatment; WTO; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23896

Effects of Trade Openness on Economic Growth: The Case of African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yeboah,   Osei-Agyeman; Naanwaab,   Cephas B.; Saleem,   Shaik; Akuffo,   Akua S.
The relationship between trade and productivity has not been established theoretically.  Some researchers have indeed found some, if not complete, support for the view that increasing openness has a positive impact on productivity.  This study used a Cobb-Douglas production function as in Miller and Upadhyay (2000) to estimate the impact of FDI, exchange rate, capital-labor ratio and trade openness on GDP for 38 African countries from 1980 to 2008.  Data were transformed to natural logs and estimated   using alternative panel models; which included one- or-two-way fixed or random effects models.  The results found trade openness having a positive relationship with GDP; which is comparable to findings of Ahmed et al.; (2008).
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trade Openness; Productivity; Africa; Cobb Douglas Production Function.; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119795

EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS FOR FOOD SECURITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Teklu,   Tesfaye.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16372

Ensuring a Sustainable, Enduring Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Horne,   James E.
During the farm crisis of the 1980s we began to better understand the inherent faults of an industrialized food system. Despite large gains in productivity, efficiency, and economies of size, thousands of farms were in foreclosure. Many farmers were overly extended in debt. Others were in trouble because of a combination of factors such as drought, low crop prices, high input prices, and the lack of competition in the marketplace. The end result was the loss of thousands of farmers and a subsequent decline in many rural communities. At the same time, a new vision of an enduring agriculture emerged. It was called sustainable agriculture. This new paradigm became attractive because it focused on solutions to the problems of the day. Sustainable agriculture...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Enduring agriculture; Sustainable agriculture; Resource scarcity; Rural development; Alternative food systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95763

THE ROAD TO PRO-POOR GROWTH IN ZAMBIA: PAST LESSONS AND FUTURE CHALLENGES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thurlow,   James; Wobst,   Peter.
Zambia is one of the poorest countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Almost three-quarters of the population were considered poor at the start of the 1990s, with a vast majority of these people concentrated in rural and remote areas. This extreme poverty arose in spite of Zambia’s seemingly promising prospects following independence. To better understand the failure of growth and poverty-reduction this paper first considers the relationship between the structure of growth and Zambia’s evolving political economy. A strong urban-bias has shaped the country’s growth path leading to a economy both artificially and unsustainably distorted in favor of manufacturing and mining at the expense of rural areas. For agriculture it was the maize-bias of public policies that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Copper mines and mining; Poverty alleviation; Africa; Zambia; Manufacturing industries; Spatial analysis; Household surveys; Agricultural growth; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60169

LA APLICACION DEL ANALISIS SOCIAL COSTO-BENEFICIO A LA EVALUACION DE PROGRESA: INFORME FINAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16009

Are Staple Food Markets in Africa Efficient? Spatial Price Analyses and Beyond
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rashid,   Shahidur; Minot,   Nicholas.
Paper to be presented at the Comesa policy seminar “Food price variability: Causes, consequences, and policy options" on 25-26 January 2010 in Maputo, Mozambique under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Markets Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sub saharan Africa; Food security; Food prices; Markets; Efficiency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58562

FALLACIES IN DEVELOPMENT THEORY AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Irma.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25005

Exploring growth linkages and market opportunities for agriculture in Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Diao,   Xinshen.
Considering the heterogeneity of the countries of southern Africa and the presence of South Africa and other middle-income countries in the region, southern Africa has a unique opportunity to exploit agricultural potential and regional trade opportunities through regional dynamics and integration. We analyze the implications of such opportunities for the growth of the low-income countries, using a regional general equilibrium model that captures growth linkages. We find that growth in the middle-income southern African countries, such as South Africa, benefits the region’s low-income countries through increased demand for their agricultural exports. Agricultural productivity growth, however, is necessary for low-income countries to take advantage of South...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Regional trade; General equilibrium model; Regional integration; Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Grain production; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55411

Emerging markets and innovation: A partnership for global progress
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sara,   Tejinder; Hall Jackson,   Faye.
The purpose of this paper is to briefly discuss the role innovation plays in global competition and discuss how companies from some of the emerging markets are using innovation to compete with global companies from the developed world.  Innovation is linked to the marketing concept as a driver for developing new products, services, and/or delivery systems. As global borders disappear, and training and education along with trade freedom increase, the opportunity for innovation increases. This writing offers a forward look into the global possibilities of emerging market innovation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Global competition; Innovation firms.; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D21; F23; M16; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95945

EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND INSTITUTIONAL REFORM ON PRODUCTION GROWTH IN CHINESE AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13454

Labor Market Competitiveness  and Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goto,   Hideaki.
How does labor market competitiveness frame the impact of greater labor productivity and lower inequality on poverty? Specifically, does greater competitiveness increase the impact of higher labor productivity and lower inequality on poverty reduction? In a simple model, we show that there is complementarity between competitiveness and productivity – the greater is one, the larger is the impact of the other. This suggests that improving labor market competitiveness is worthwhile not only for its own sake, but because it improves the transmission mechanism from productivity increases to poverty reduction. We also derive precise conditions under which there is a similar complementarity between equality and competitiveness in poverty reduction.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Labor productivity; Market competitiveness; Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; D6; I32; J2; J64.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51159

RURAL POPULATION GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL CHANGE AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A REVIEW OF HYPOTHESES AND SOME EVIDENCE FROM HONDURAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.
"August 1999". Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-81). Published as Pender, J. 2001. Rural population growth, agricultural change and natural resource management in developing countries: a review of hypotheses and some evidence from Honduras. In Nancy Birdsall, Allen Kelley, and Steven Sinding, eds. Population Matters: Demographic Change, Poverty and Economic Growth in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press. Chapter 12.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural population; Environmental impact analysis; Agricultural policy; Honduras; Land management; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97505

THE IMPORTANCE OF SUMGAIT INDUSTRIAL CENTER IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF AZERBAIJAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aliyev,   Shafa.
The paper discusses production capacity of Sumgait industrial center in Azerbaijan. The author observes priority policy directions to utilize available production capacity of this regional industrial complex.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Sumgait industrial zone; Industrial development; Production capacity; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O25.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94535

Past and Future Sources of Growth For China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Zhang,   Xiaobo; Robinson,   Sherman.
This study develops an analytical framework to account for sources of rapid economic growth in China. The traditional Solow approach includes only two sources, i.e. increased use of inputs and technical change. We expanded the approach to include a third source of economic growth—structural change. The empirical results show that structural change has contributed to growth significantly by reallocating resources from low productivity to high productivity sectors, especially by moving labor from agricultural production to rural enterprises. We also found that the returns to capital investment in both agricultural production and rural enterprises are much higher than those in urban sectors, indicating underinvestment in rural areas. On the other hand, labor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42829

Articles from Volume 1, Issue 2, 2005, Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents: (1) Lobb, A.E., and R.W. Fraser. "Implications of Recent Australian Wheat Industry Developments for Domestic and Overseas Prices." (pp. 93-108); (2) Grethe, Harald, Stephan Nolte, and Stephan Tangerman. "Evolution, Current State and Future of EU Trade Preferences for Agricultural Products for North-African and Near-East Countries." (pp. 109-134); (3) Poosiripinyo, Rangsit and Michael Reed. "Measuring Market Power in the Japanese Chicken Market." (pp. 135-148); (4) Ramirez, Andrew, Mark R. Manfredo, and Dwight R. Sanders. "Revenue Insurance for Spanish Wine Grapes." (pp. 149-168); (5) Reeder, John, Ronald A. Babula, Cathy L. Jabara, and Jillian L Torene. "Effects of Two Non-U.S. Regional Trade Pacts on the Venezuelan Soy Products Trade and U.S....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49154

A 1998 SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX FOR MALAWI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chulu,   Osten; Wobst,   Peter.
The last few years have seen a proliferation of attempts by various institutions to create a framework that would enable analysts to have a broad overview of all transactions in the Malawian economy. A first attempt was made by Lodh and Chulu (1994) to construct a macro accounting framework using data from the National Statistical Office's 1990-1991 Household Expenditure and Small Scale Economic Activities Survey and the National Sample Survey of Agriculture complemented by other data sets such as the Government Budget Estimates, National Accounts and External Trade Statistics. This framework consisted of 9 sectors using 1987 as the base year. However, this framework was lacking in detail such that it was extremely limited in its usefulness as a basis for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16282

A NOTE ON THE LINK BETWEEN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houck,   James P.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13917

IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE THE TECHNICAL INEFFICIENCY OF INDIAN FARMERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coelli,   Tim J.; Battese,   George E.
The agricultural production of Indian farmers is investigated using a stochastic frontier production function which incorporates a model for the technical inefficiency effects. Farm-level data from the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) are used. Variables considered in the model for the inefficiency effects include the age and level of education of the farmers, farm size and the year of observation. The parameters of the stochastic frontier production function are estimated simultaneously with those involved in the model for the inefficiency effects. This approach differs from the usual practice of predicting farm-level inefficiency effects and then regressing these upon various factors in a second-stage of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22395

An Empirical Investigation into the Determinants of Trade Policy Bias
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hink,   Matthew J.; Cardwell,   Ryan T.; Lawley,   Chad.
There exists an extensive literature that attempts to identify important factors that determine trade policies.   An understanding of these important factors could be useful when negotiating trade agreements, especially in agriculture, which is a relatively heavily supported industry.  Limao and Panagariya (L&amp;P, 2007) modify Grossman and Helpman’s (G&amp;H, 1994) lobbying model in an attempt to understand why anti-trade bias (as opposed to pro-trade bias, which is predicted by the G&amp;H (1994) model) is the predominant pattern in observed trade policy.  L&amp;P (2007) propose that governments seek to reduce inequality between sectors by modifying trade policies in a way that reallocates income from the larger to the smaller sector.  We use measures...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Policy; Trade Policy; Political Economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Q17 Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123837

WHEAT IN CHINA: SUPPLY, DEMAND, AND TRADE IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rozelle,   Scott; Huang,   Jikun.
The future role of China in world wheat markets is a compelling and important issue for producers in the Northern Plains. Some analysts have estimated that China will continue to demand large quantities of imported wheat. Others have forecast that China will gradually move to a position where domestic supply will meet the nation's demand for wheat. China's own economists also have conflicting views. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences researchers have predicted that the nation will remain at least self-sufficient and could be a large exporter. China's net imports of grain decreased steadily between 1989 and 1993. Moreover, despite large imports in 1994 and 1995, China has had an overall agricultural trade surplus with the United States during most of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China wheat; China trade; Supply; Demand; International Development; F1.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29178

The Economic Well-Being of Farm and Nonfarm Households: Evidence from Two National Surveys
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Katchova,   Ani L.
This study compares the economic well-being of farm and nonfarm households using data from the 2004 Agricultural Resource Management Survey and the 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances.  Comparisons are made in terms of income and wealth using Tukey-Kramer mean separation tests, regression analysis, and inequality distributions.  The results show that the economic well-being of households differs based on their degree of involvement in business activities and their life-cycle stages.  The most interesting conclusion is that the well-being of rural residence and intermediate farms is comparable to that of wage-earning nonfarm households, while commercial farms are similar in well-being to nonfarm households with businesses.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21401

Asymmetric Intra-household Allocation of Calories in China: Implication for Demographic Bias and the Need for Demographic Targeting
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shimokawa,   Satoru.
This article questions the assumption of symmetric consumption behavior in the conventional analysis of intra-household calorie allocation. It proposes a framework that takes into account asymmetric consumption behavior due to liquidity constraints or loss aversion. Using panel data from China, we find that intra-household calorie allocation responds asymmetrically to expected declines and increases in household food availability, which is qualitatively consistent with the liquidity constraint model. Clarifying such asymmetric responses enables us to relate calorie elasticity estimates to the status of demographic groups within a household without requiring a full interpretation of the ordering of the estimates across demographic groups. Results also show...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Intra-household Allocation; Nutrition; Calorie; Targeting; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49115

TRAJETORIA DO DESENVOLVIMENTO:REVISITANDO O PASSADO PARA REPENSAR O FUTURO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cazella,   Ademir Antonio; Goncalves,   Diogo Alvim; Cerdan,   Claire.
Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar em que medida os problemas da pobreza e da degradação ambiental da região de São Joaquim, em Santa Catarina, vêm sendo historicamente gerenciados pelos agentes de planejamento e gestão do desenvolvimento regional. Para tanto, recuperamos a trajetória do desenvolvimento desde a colonização até hoje. A partir desta trajetória, investigamos os recursos (naturais e humanos) mobilizados para impulsionar as estratégias de desenvolvimento adotadas ao longo do tempo. As reflexões sobre o histórico e cenário atual da região levaram à conclusão de que os problemas destacados não representam uma prioridade nas agendas de planejamento do desenvolvimento regional. As conseqüências socioambientais do desenvolvimento regional são...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento; Gestão; Ecossistemas; Socioambiental; Development; Management; Ecosystems; Nature-society; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109800

Accelerating Africa's Structural Transformation Lessons from East Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gabre-Madhin,   Eleni Z.; Johnson,   Bruce F.
In most countries in sub-Saharan Africa at present, the majority of the population is engaged in agriculture, with economies in the very early stages of structural transformation - the process whereby a predominantly agrarian economy is transformed into a diversified and productive economy dominated by manufacturing and services. These countries are characterized by low levels of farm productivity, limited growth of non-farm employment and high rates of population growth. This paper focuses on the factors involved in fostering a country’s structural transformation. This process of transformation has many dimensions. Among these we emphasize interactions between four factors: increased agricultural productivity, rural industrialization, the expansion of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Industrialization; Developing Countries; East Asia; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97383

Wohlstand, Wachstum und Verteilung: Die Entwicklungsländer in der Globalisierung der Weltagrarwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97387

INNOVATION AS THE KEY OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES’ COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lanyi,   Beatrix.
Pharmaceutical industry belongs to the most innovative branches in Hungary. However as a consequence of increasing development costs and the strong competition on the market the means of gaining competitive advantage has become a focal point of the pharmaceutical companies’ strategy. Economic performance is highly dependent on research and knowledge and economic success is determined how companies are able to apply this knowledge and skills so how flourishing the product or technological development becomes. Only those branches and companies will gain competitive advantage that are able to compete on knowledge and technology. Since science and technology are considered to be the most important source of economic development, it contributes to the more...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Research and development; Competitiveness; Pharmaceutical industry; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58930

Measuring Market Integration in the Presence of Threshold Effect: The Case of Bangladesh Rice Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; McKenzie,   Andrew M.; Buysse,   Jeroen; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Wailes,   Eric J.; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
Spatial price integration among five major Bangladesh rice markets is examined in the presence of threshold effects to account for the impact of transaction costs in the price adjustment process. Hansen and Seo (2002) threshold cointegration tests and threshold vector error correction models confirm the presence of threshold effects. Results highlight the importance of directing policy goals towards reducing transaction cost to engender greater pricing efficiency in Bangladesh rice markets.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market integration; Rice markets; Transaction cost; Bangladesh; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124435

Sources of Agricultural Productivity Growth in Central Asia: The Case of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
The paper examines agricultural production and productivity growth in two Central Asian countries – Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Both countries are characterized by a significant shift of resources from the traditional Soviet model of collective agriculture to more market-compliant individual and family farming. In both countries, the beginning of the policy-driven switch to family farming around 1997 coincided with the beginning of recovery in agriculture, namely resumption of agricultural growth after a phase of transition decline since 1991. In addition to growth in total agricultural production, we also observe significant increases in productivity of both land and labor since 1997. These observations suggest that productivity growth may be attributable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; Agricultural growth; Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Central Asia; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; P27; P31; P32; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54713

Die Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik der EU: Die Wirkungen von Direktzahlungen aus entwicklungspolitischer Perspektive
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brümmer,   Bernhard; Fahlbusch,   Markus.
In der Diskussion über die Fortführung der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik nach 2014 spielen die entkoppelten Direktzahlungen eine dominierende Rolle. Während sich die Debatte innerhalb der EU vor allem um die langfristige Begründung solcher Direktzahlungen dreht, steht aus Sicht der internationalen Handelspartner stärker die Frage im Vordergrund, inwieweit von den formal entkoppelten Zahlungen nicht doch Produktions- und damit Handelswirkungen ausgehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden in der vorliegenden Studie zunächst die theoretischen Wirkungen, die von formal entkoppelten Direktzahlungen auf die Erzeugung von Agrargütern ausgehen können, erörtert. Anschließend wird mit Hilfe einer empirischen Analyse der Handelsströme bei ausgewählten Agrarprodukten im Export...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Handelsanalyse; Politikfolgenabschätzung; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F-13; F-14; Q-11; Q-13; Q-17; Q-18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123355

VÁLASZÚT ELŐTT A MAGYAR SZŐLŐTERMELÉS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Varga,   Istvan; Lefler,   Peter; Markus,   Monika.
Magyarország EU tagsága a hazai szőlőtermesztés és borászat számára lét-kérdéssé tette a „gazdálkodj globálisan, cselekedj lokálisan” elv szigorú és kö-vetkezetes alkalmazását, vagyis a világ szőlőtermesztésében végbemenő változá-sok naprakész figyelését. A tradíciókra építő, borvidéki jelleget (terroir) hangsú-lyozó, szabályokkal és rendeletekkel védett (esetleg korlátozott) európai szőlő-termesztés és borászat nap mint nap szembesül a „bor újvilág” kihívásaival. Elsősorban a déli földteke (Chile, Dél-Afrika, Ausztrália, Új-Zéland) és újab-ban Kína szőlőtermesztése jó minőségű, olcsó vagy közepes árfekvésű boraival túlsúlyba került a nagy áruházláncok borkínálatában. A sikert a jó ár/érték arány mellett az agresszív és sikeres marketing akciók...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fajta használat; Tradícionális borrégiók versenyképessége; Termelési érték összehasonlító elemzése; Species; Competitiveness of traditional wine regions; Comparison of production values; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54856

Impact of Natural Resource Conservation Policies on Household Consumption Around Zambian National Parks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tembo,   Gelson; Bandyopadhyay,   Sushenjit; Pavy,   Jean-Michel.
Key Policy Points - Game Management Areas (GMAs) in Zambia aim to combine nature conservation with economic empowerment of rural households and communities. - We find evidence of consumption gains from living in GMAs and from participating in natural resource management through Community-Resource Boards (CRBs) and Village Action Groups (VAGs). - However, these benefits are unevenly distributed. Only GMAs with limited alternative livelihoods (Bangweulu and South Luangwa) exhibit significant consumption benefits. Also, the benefits accrue mainly to the relatively well off while the poor do not gain even if they participate. - Resources from ZAWA to CRBs seldom reach the VAGs. Richer, more educated community members participate at CRB or higher level while...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Policy; Natural resources; Conservation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q18; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55055

INTRODUCING NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR HOUSEHOLDS WITH MALNUTRITION: AN ETHIOPIAN CASE STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yigezu,   Yigezu A.; Sanders,   John H.
Many developing regions have excellent potential agricultural resources. However, historically population has become so concentrated on such small holdings that acute poverty and malnutrition now predominate. The food scientists’ response to the chronic nutritional problem has often been subsidized bio-fortification with nutritional supplements or more recently cultivars with higher nutrient levels. Where much of the population is in this inadequate nutrition category as in highland Ethiopia, the supplements are neither financially feasible nor sustainable. The cultivars can provide a few critical nutrients but are not a comprehensive solution. To improve nutrition, it is necessary to increase income so that an increased quality and quantitative diet can...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Agricultural technologies; Striga resistance; Inorganic fertilizers; Tied-ridges; Marketing strategies; Inventory credit; Nutrition; Income; Capped-lexicographic utility.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; O33; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36813

Az intellektuális tőke az információs korszakban
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Harazin,   Piroska.
Jelen tanulmány elsődleges célja egy szekunder kutatás eredményeinek bemutatása, melyben összefoglalásra került, hogy milyen jellemzőkkel rendelkezik egy információs korszakbeli, az intellektuális tőkére koncentráló teljesítményértékelő metódus. Elmondható, hogy alapvető elvárás egy ilyen módszertől, hogy a múlt információi mellett képes legyen a jelen és a jövő lehetőségeit is számba venni, és a pénzügyi nézőpont mellett további perspektívákat is megjeleníteni. A tanulmány másik fontosabb célja annak a kérdéskörnek a felvázolása, melyben a környezet mint tőkeelem vonásai és értékelésének tulajdonságai vizsgálhatók az intellektuális tőkével párhuzamosan. A cél teljesítésekor kérdések merültek fel, melyek megválaszolása további kutatást igényel. Azonban...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Információs korszak; Intellektuális tőke; Jövő; Innováció; Information era; Intellectual capital; Future; Innovation; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92509

Trends in Vietnam's Pork Supply and Structural Features of its Pig Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Pork is the single most important source of animal protein in Vietnam and its availability has a substantial impact on the well-being of the Vietnamese. Since 1996, the local supply and per capita availability of pork in Vietnam have increased substantially. The trends in and sources of this growth in supply are identified by analysing official statistics. Differences in regional supply of pork are also identified, as well as regional variations in pork yields. Vietnam’s pork industry relies on many small-scale household producers for the bulk of its pork supply. The structure of the sector is investigated and found to be altering slowly – a slight increase in scale of production units has been occurring. The rate of growth in Vietnam’s supply of pork has...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural economics; Agricultural policy; Economic performance; Pork yields; Vietnam; Vietnam’s pig sector; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90623

BEITRAGE DES 2.DOKTORANDENWORKSHOPS ZUR AGRARENTWICKLUNG IN MITTEL- UND OSTEUROPA 2004
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin; Balmann,   Alfons.
VORWORT DER HERAUSGEBER Martin Petrick, Alfons Balmann Dieses Discussion Paper enthält die Kurzfassungen der Beiträge, die im Rahmen des Workshops zur Agrarentwicklung in Mittel- und Osteuropa für Doktoranden und Post-Doc'’s vorgestellt und diskutiert werden sollen. Dieser Workshop findet nach der erfreulichen Reso-nanz im vergangenen Jahr nun zum zweiten Mal, vom 17. bis 19. Juni 2004, am IAMO statt, wobei die Anzahl der eingereichten Beiträge noch über dem Wert des Vorjahres lag. Ziel der Veranstaltung ist es, Nachwuchswissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit zu geben, Ihre Forschungs-vorhaben zu präsentieren und zu diskutieren. Die folgenden Kurzfassungen sollen allerdings nicht nur als Diskussionsgrundlage für den Workshop dienen, sondern auch einen...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14885

Election Outcomes and Food Security:  Evidence from Consumption of Scheduled Castes and Tribes in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tandon,   Sharad.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124414

UNIVERSITIES AND AID: A HISTORY OF THEIR PARTNERSHIP IN TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jordahl,   Brian D.; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13618

An Overview of Climate Change: What does it mean for our way of life? What is the best future we can hope for?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goodwin,   Neva R.
This paper starts with the question of whether climate change will require a significant reduction of consumption among the richer people in the world, and ends with the most optimistic picture the author can conjure up, of the world in the year 2075. That hopeful picture is of a world in which inequalities – among and within nations – have been substantially reduced. The challenges and adjustments confronting humanity in the coming decades provide an opportunity that could be used to mitigate climate change in ways that can improve the circumstances of the poor. Ecological reasons to reduce throughput of energy and materials in economic systems urge the abandonment of high-consumption life-styles. The 21st century will be an era of many losses, but it is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37711

DECLINING ASSISTANCE TO DEVELOPING-COUNTRY AGRICULTURE: CHANGE OF PARADIGM?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dresrusse,   Gunter.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16355

Agricultural Sector and Economic Growth in Tunisia: Evidence from Co-integration and Error Correction Mechanism
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chebbi,   Houssem Eddine; Lachaal,   Lassaad.
For the past two decades, Tunisia has been undertaken important structural reforms, which call in most cases for market and trade liberalization (agricultural structural adjustment program, GATT reforms, free trade area with the European Union). The private-led type of growth strategy with less government intervention has culminated these last years into a more rapid economic growth and openness. Within this context, this paper examines the agricultural sector role into the economic growth and its interactions with the other sectors using time-series co-integration techniques. We use annual data from 1961 to 2005 to estimate a VAR model that includes GDP indices of five sectors in Tunisian economy. Empirical results from this study indicate that in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Co-integration; Economic growth; Agricultural sector; Tunisia; International Development; C22; O13; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9416

U.S. Dairy Trade Situation and Outlook: 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.; Dobson,   William D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91361

INNOVATION IN THE FOOD AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES: ACOMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boehlje,   Michael; Broring,   Stefanie; Roucan-Kane,   Maud.
Innovation is critical to the long-term success of a firm as well as the economic health of an industry and the overall economy. This manuscript presents an overview of the management literature regarding technology and innovation management. It also describes the unique characteristics of the food and agricultural sector and offers a research agenda to extend the management literature to the agribusiness sector.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agribusiness; Portfolio of options; Risk; Agribusiness; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L24; D81; O31; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56389

Is Tourism-Based Development Good for the Poor? A General Equilibrium Analysis for Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wattanakuljarus,   Anan; Coxhead,   Ian A.
The popularity of tourism as a component of development strategy in low-income countries is founded in part upon the belief that expansion of this industry will improve income distribution by greatly expanding demand for relatively low-skilled labor. We examine this belief for the case of Thailand, a highly tourism-intensive economy, using a new and specifically-designed applied general equilibrium model. A boom in inbound tourism demand generates foreign exchange and raises household incomes across the board, but worsens their distribution. Tourism sectors are not especially labor-intensive, and the expansion of foreign tourism demand brings about a real appreciation that undermines profitability and reduces employment in tradable sectors, notably...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10279

Interdependencies in the Energy-Bioenergy-Food Price Systems: A Cointegration Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ciaian,   Pavel; Kancs,   d'Artis.
The present paper examines a long-run relationship between the energy, bioenergy and food prices. In the recent years the bioenergy production has increased significantly around the world. The increase has been driven by rising energy prices as well as by environmental policies aiming at reducing the harmful effects of conventional sources of energy, such as climate change. Bioenergy, in turn, affects agricultural markets, because it uses agricultural commodities as inputs. The theoretical model we develop predicts that, because of price inelastic food demand, the agricultural price increase may be substantial. The empirical findings confirm the theoretical hypothesis that energy prices do affect prices of agricultural commodities. However, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy; Bioenergy; Crude oil; Renewable fuel; Cointegration; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C14; C22; C51; Q11; Q13; Q42.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61009

A Review of FDA Imports Refusals - US Seafood Trade 2000-2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anders,   Sven M.; Westra,   Sabrina.
The United States is the third largest consumer of seafood products in the world. The percentage of imported seafood consumed in the U.S. has steadily increased from 66% in 1999 to over 84% in 2009 (NOAA, 2010). Food safety, especially of imported foods and products from developing countries, has raised increasing concerns among American consumers and policy makers. Accordingly, the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) (Ababouch et al. 2000) border inspection system is considered critical for ensuring the safety of domestic seafood consumers. However, the potential non-tariff barrier to trade posed by FDA regulations, especially for many developing country exporters have been frequently cited in the literature.  This paper investigates trends and patterns...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Import refusal reports; FDA; Import Alerts; Seafood; Trade barriers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103877

Recovering from conflict: an analysis of food production in Burundi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Haese,   Marijke F.C.; Speelman,   Stijn; Vandamme,   Ellen; Nkunzimana,   Tharcisse; Ndimubandi,   Jean; D'Haese,   Luc.
This paper deals with the devastating food insecurity in two densely populated provinces in the north of Burundi as a result of overpopulation and low production capacity in the aftermath of conflict. We compare data that was collected in the Ngozi and Muyinga Province in 2007 with data of households interviewed on the same hills in 1996. Households live from subsistence farming, erratic surplus sales, sales of coffee and banana and occasional off- and non-farm work. We find that not only did production levels decrease but also total factor productivity (Malmquist indices calculated with DEA approach) dropped in 83% of the hills between 1996 and 2007.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; Post-conflict; Central Africa; Burundi; Subsistence farming; Poverty trap; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96829

RURAL POVERTY, INCOME SHOCKS, AND LAND MANAGEMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF THE LINKAGES IN EL SALVADOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Southgate,   Douglas; Hopkins,   Jeffrey W.; Gonzalez-Vega,   Claudio; Rodriguez-Meza,   Jorge.
Data collected in surveys of more than 700 Salvadoran households carried out in 1996 and 1998 are used in an econometric analysis of linkages between land and labor use.  Particular emphasis is offered on how poor households allocated labor resources in response to the El Nino weather phenomenon of 1997. Implications for resource conservation are offered.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20646

THE USE OF ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS IN TRANSITIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES AS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: CASE STUDY OF MACEDONIAN PATH TO MEET GLOBALIZATION CHALLENGES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nedanovski,   Pece.
The demand for harmonization of domestic policies across countries is seen as a precondition for globalization. Does globalization conflict with environmental protection? The relationship between two of them is too complex. From the viewpoint of its protection, the environment must be seen as a whole. In the same time, the utility function based on income and pollution, is not identical and homothetic across different countries. It appears that the diversity in environmental protection is legitimate. In order to provide a sustainable environmental policy in transitional circumstances, the R. of Macedonia needs a balance between the goals of social development, economic progress and environmental protection. So far, because of the institutional development...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic instruments; Environmental protection; Sustainability; Globalization; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5994

TRADEOFFS BETWEEN RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND FOREST PROTECTION: SPATIALLY-EXPLICIT MODELING IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF VIETNAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mueller,   Daniel; Munroe,   Darla K.
Alleviating rural poverty remains an important objective of development policy in many areas of the world.  However, traditional means of increasing rural livelihoods such as increased investments in agricultural intensification measures can have disastrous impacts on natural resources such as forests by greatly increasing incentives for clearing.  This paper contains a spatially-explicit model of land use in the Dak Lak province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.  Land use is modeled using a reduced-form multinomial logit model, and policy simulations are conducted.  These simulations demonstrate that the adoption of yield-increasing inputs requires concomitant forest protection policies, both in terms of forest area and spatial configuration.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20264

Health and Growth: Causality through Education
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Rui; Fulginiti,   Lilyan E.; Peterson,   E. Wesley F.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/24/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Africa; Life expectancy; Growth; Overlapping generations; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; I18; I20; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51735

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.; Hayami,   Yujiro.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13993

An analysis of the determinants of flood damages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferreira,   Susana.
In this paper we analyze mortality caused by 2,194 large flood events between 1985 and 2008 in 108 countries. Unlike previous studies that looked at natural-disaster mortality, we find that year-to-year changes in income and institutional determinants of vulnerability do not affect flood mortality directly. Income and institutions influence mortality only indirectly, through their impact on the intensity and frequency of floods. Population exposure affects the number of deaths both directly and indirectly. Higher population exposure results in more deaths once the flood has occurred, but it is associated with smaller floods. In developing countries it also reduces the count of floods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural Disasters; Floods; Mortality; Adaptation; Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98381

Creating the Conditions for International Business Expansion: The Impact of Regulation on Economic Growth in Developing Countries - A Cross-Country Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jililian,   Hossein; Kirkpatrick,   Colin; Parker,   David.
The role of an effective regulatory regime in promoting economic growth and development and therefore international business has generated considerable interest among researchers and practitioners in recent years. In particular, building effective regulatory structures in developing countries is not simply an issue of the technical design of the most appropriate regulatory instruments, it is also concerned with the quality of supporting regulatory institutions and capacity. Many of the institutions that support markets are publicly provided and the effectiveness of these regulatory institutions can be expected to be an important determinant of how well markets function. This paper explores the role of regulation in affecting economic outcomes using an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Regulation; Governance; Institutions; Economic performance; International Development; C23; I18; L33; L51; L98; O38; O50.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30554

Economic development and Indigenous Australia: contestations over property, institutions and ideology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Altman,   Jon C.
Economic development for remote Indigenous communities cannot be understood unless the relative importance of customary activity, potentially enhanced by native title legal rights in resources, is recognised. The present article uses a three‐sector hybrid economy framework, rather than the usual two‐sector private (or market) and public (or state) model to more accurately depict the Indigenous economy. Examples are provided of the actual and potential significance of the customary sector of the hybrid economy. Focusing on the concepts of property and institutions, it is demonstrated that significant local, regional, and national benefits are generated by the Indigenous hybrid economy. A role is foreshadowed for resource economists and the New Institutional...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117981

Why Might History Matter for Development Policy?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48917

Understanding and Reducing Child Malnutrition in Mali: Interim Research Findings for the Project on Linkages between Child Nutrition and Agricultural Growth (LICNAG)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Kelly,   Valerie A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 8.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11462

Did the WTO Play a Role in the Food Crisis?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meilke,   Karl D.
When high prices or natural calamities result in starvation and political unrest in the developing world emergency food aid is the best short run response. However, over a longer time frame it is important to have in place international rules that allow the market to function to help alleviate food shortages rather than making them worse. Given Canada’s trading position we have a huge stake in getting these rules right. Although the future of the Doha Round is unclear there is still time to make a start on developing better rules for export prohibitions, restrictions and export taxes that would serve the world better in times of shortage. A first step would be effective disciplines on the use of export taxes, and export restrictions and embargo’s.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WTO; Food; Crisis; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43467

Breeding and feeding pigs in Australia and Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Wilson,   Clevo.
This report establishes that ACIAR Research Project AS2/1994/023, ‘Breeding and feeding pigs in Australia and Vietnam’ (supported by ACIAR from July 1995 to the end of 2000) has yielded an extraordinarily high rate of economic return on the funds invested. The collaborating agencies were the Department of Primary Industries, Queensland, James Cook University and The University of Queensland in Australia, and the Institute of Agricultural Sciences of South Vietnam in Vietnam. The best estimate benefit–cost ratio for investment in this project is at least 159:1 with a corresponding internal rate of return of 900% and a net present value of A$496 million. This is a total value, not an annual value. To give context to the number A$496 m, in 2000, 1.3 million...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Pig; Vietnam; Australia; Breeding; Feeding; High rate of return; High impact; High economic return; DPI QLD; James Cook University; University of QLD; Institute of Agricultural Sciences of South Vietnam; Benefit-cost ratio; Net present value; Internal rate of return; Significant returns; Genetic; Nutrition; Pork; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47695

Performance of Smallholder Agriculture Under Limited Mechanization and the Fast Track Land Reform Program in Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Obi,   Ajuruchukwu; Chisango,   Future Fortune T.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural mechanization; Fast track land reform; Agricultural development; Stochastic Frontier model; Technical efficiency; Agribusiness management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117605

World Economic Crises in Times of Environmental Scarcity and Wealth Concentration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.
Three new structural factors underlie the latest great world crisis: (1) the incorporation of highly populated countries into the growth process; (2) The increasing scarcity of the environment and certain natural resources; (3) the dramatic concentration of wealth and income in the advanced economies over the last two decades. These structural changes have significantly tightened the links between world growth and commodity demand, made the world commodity supply increasingly inelastic, and rendered economic growth more dependent on lax monetary and financial policies, respectively. All this may make the world economy highly vulnerable to crises and may make the recovery from the current crisis more difficult.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56408

An Assessment of the UN's Millennium Development Goals and its Millennium Declaration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
The United Nations’ Millennium Declaration, passed by the General Assembly in September 2000, is assessed with particular attention being given to the Millennium Development Goals and associated targets outlined in the Declaration. The focus of the article is not so much on the extent to which these goals are being met but on the adequacy of the Declaration itself.  The fundamental values outlined in the Declaration are listed and assessed. The Millennium Development Goals are means for the attainment of these values, along with some other objectives specified in the Declaration.  Both sets of objectives are examined, with most attention being given to the Millennium Development Goals and Targets. The Millennium Development Goals aim to reduce social and...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: United Nations' Millennium Development Goals; Environmental sustainability; Poverty eradication; Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123453

The Role of Market Power in Agricultural Contracts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cordero Salas,   Paula.
I study the economic consequences of shifting bargaining power in relational contracts through interventions such as the formation of a Bargaining Group (BG) for the side of sellers in a market where buyers traditionally hold significant market power. Existing theories of relational contracts predict that such a power transfer will have no impact on market efficiency. In contexts where enforcement institutions are weak, a standard assumption from existing theories of relational contracts - the existence of an enforceable base payment - may not hold. In this case, I show that a transfer of bargaining power can erode market efficiency in a dynamic relational contracting environment, which contradicts findings from existing models of relational contracting....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Incomplete enforcement; Bargaining group; Distribution; Institutions; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; D86; K12; L14; O12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49376

DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMER LENDING IN KAZAKHSTAN UNDER INFLUENCE OF WORLD FINANCIAL CRISIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Konakbaev,   Askar.
The paper observes the growth path of bank lending and in particular consumer loans in Kazakhstan. Consumer lending in Kazakhstan is steadily increasing and this niche remains attractive for commercial banks.  However, the world financial crisis has complicated for banks the possibility of attraction of foreign credits to finance various investment and business projects in country.  Financial crisis resulted decrease in growth rate of aggregate and consumer loans of commercial banks.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Commercial banks; Economy crediting; Consumer loans; Influence of financial crisis; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; International Development; G01; G21.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94540

Linking Globalization, Economic Growth and Poverty: Impacts of Agribusiness Strategies on Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weatherspoon,   Dave D.; Cacho,   Joyce A.; Christy,   Ralph D.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121131

The Reform of the EU Sugar Trade Preferences toward Developing Countries in Light of the Economic Partnership Agreements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gotor,   Elisabetta.
This article provides a general overview of the evolution of the European Union  trade preferences with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Countries, giving due attention to the reform of the Sugar Protocol (SP) in light of the anticipated Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs). The EU sugar trade relationship with the ACP, as captured in both a reformed SP for ACP non–least developed countries and in the Everything-but-Arms initiative for the world’s least developed countries, is analysed and contextualized within the ongoing negotiations toward achieving EPAs, which will substitute the Lomé Convention and give a new order to EU-ACP relationships.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: African Caribbean Pacific countries; Development; Economic Partnership Agreements; European Union; Sugar reform.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52695

Responses to Third World Development Questions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Roger G.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121425

Lost Directions: U.S. Foreign Assistance Policy Since New Directions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McGuire,   Mark F.; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7465

An Optimal Size for Rural Tourism Villages with Agglomeration and Club-Good Effects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tchetchik,   Anat; Fleischer,   Aliza; Finkelshtain,   Israel.
Helping to sustain a viable rural sector, rural tourism enjoys public support in many countries. We claim that due to club-good and agglomeration externalities in the rural accommodation market, public support should be integrated in a broader local development policy that regulates the number of accommodation units in a locality. To demonstrate this we extended an equilibrium model that accounts for product differentiation and oligopolistic competition to address club-good and agglomeration effects and applied it to data collected in north Israel. We show that under the prevailing regulation, the number of units is by far higher than the social optimum.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93135

Foreign Direct Investment in Infrastructure in Developing Countries: Does Regulation Make a Difference?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirkpatrick,   Colin; Parker,   David; Zhang,   Yin-Fang.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30703

The Regulation of Private Sector Participation in Urban Water Supply and Sanitation: Realising Social and Environmental Objectives in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnstone,   Nick; Wood,   Libby; Hearne,   Robert R.
There has been a significant increase in private sector participation (PSP) in the urban water supply and sanitation (WSS) sector in recent years. However, even with increased PSP, public authorities will still have to: ensure that the service providers do not use their market power to exploit customers; internalise public health and environmental externalities; provide mechanisms whereby water consumption is sustainable and is allocated efficiently between alternative uses; and, serve as a guarantor of a level of service provision which is consistent with a basic standard of living. While there is considerable literature addressing the first of these four issues, the latter three are less adequately addressed. Through a review of five case studies...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24142

Die Doha-Entwicklungsrunde: Gut oder schlecht für Entwicklungsländer?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Monnich,   Christina.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97432

THE RUSSIAN AIRLINE INDUSTRY:CONTESTABLE MARKET OR…?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lukyanov,   Sergey; Tissen,   Elena; Kislyak,   Nadezda.
The authors, based on the complete survey of Russian airlines that was conducted in winter of 2006-2007, analyze essential entry-barriers in the industry, and econometrically estimate efficiency of methods for overcoming entry-barriers in the Russian PAI. They find that there are significant technological and behavioral entry-barriers in the industry. The paper doubts that this industry is contestable in contemporary Russia, although it is typically contestable in Europe and the USA. Econometric estimation of entry-barriers points that administrative barriers are the most significant restrictions of competition.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Entry-barriers; Airline industry; Contestable market; Market structure; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L1; L93.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94534

Trends in Agricultural and Rural Development Indicators in Zambia.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Govereh,   Jones; Chilonda,   Pius; Mason,   Nicole M.; Chapoto,   Antony; Haantuba,   Hyde H.
Effective agricultural and food security policies in Africa need to be based on a solid empirical foundation. In Zambia, it is widely perceived that poverty rates are increasing, agricultural growth is stagnant, and real food prices are higher as food production declines. This study examines these trends and finds that all of these perceptions are wrong. Rural poverty rates have declined substantially in rural Zambia since the early 1990s, although they are still unacceptably high. Real staple food prices for consumers have declined by 20% over the past decade, thanks to major reductions in maize milling and retailing margins. And there is evidence of impressive production growth for some crops that are becoming increasingly important sources of income and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Development; Indicators; Zambia.; Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54483

Special and Differential Treatment in the GATT: A Pyrrhic Victory for Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Christie,   Andrew.
Preferential measures for developing countries implemented within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade failed to achieve their purported goal of facilitating economic development; this failure was due to their weak theoretical underpinnings and poor policy design. Not only were the demands developing countries made for discriminatory preferences largely ineffectual, their demands for preferential treatment, together with their forgoing full participation in the multilateral trading system, fundamentally reduced the obligation of developed countries to consider the interests of developing countries in future negotiation rounds. Thus the winning of preferences was rendered a pyrrhic victory for developing countries.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic development; Trade liberalization; GATT; Special and differential treatment; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55900

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A FLEDGLING DEMOCRACY: THE POTENTIAL OF THE POLISH AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doye,   Damona G.
Agricultural economists who serve as educators in emerging democracies have the opportunity to contribute to economic development by building human capital.  A channel for educators to share lessons learned in these countries could benefit individuals preparing for assignments in foreign countries.  Understanding the cultural and social differences in decision-making systems is critical to successful educational program development and implementation.  Individuals in the emerging democracies often need training in management and market economics to apply at institutional as well as personal levels.  Similar training for recipients of economic development funds could result in more effective application of funds.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International education; International extension; Poland; International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15192

LITHUANIAN DIAGNOSTICS OF LAGGING TERRITORIES: EVALUATION AND INSIGHTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyers,   William H.; Kairyte,   Emilija; Ribasauskiene,   Erika.
During the period 2006-2007 diagnostics were conducted on territorial aspects of rural Lithuania with a special focus on the rural areas lagging behind. The study includes analysis of economic, demographic and social indicators of rural areas at a disaggregated level and a methodology enabling the assessment of opportunities and constraints and the comparisons of rural areas in various territories. The study objective is an improved set of diagnostics that captures territorial differences, improves the targeting of RDP measures and strengthens the framework for allocation and access to structural and rural development funds. The paper discusses diagnostic methods by reviewing concepts of rurality and presenting methods used for identifying and ranking...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Investment; Rural development; Lagging rural areas; Economic structure; Competitiveness; Social well-being; Development indices; Funding envelopes; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57346

Evaluating the Impact on Market Performance of Investments in Market Information Systems: Methodological Challenges
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Kizito,   Andrew M.; Weber,   Michael T.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Evaluating the impact on market performance of investments in agricultural market information systems (MIS) face several methodological challenges.  These fall into two broad categories:  (a) defining the dimensions of market performance to measure (which is a function of whom the MIS is designed to serve) and identifying reliable indicators of those performance dimensions, and (b) identifying the causal effects of the MIS.  The determination of causal effects in turn requires establishing a credible baseline, measuring “treatment effects” (i.e., the effects on economic behavior of receiving improved information from an MIS), dealing with problems of endogenous placement of treatment, and interpreting the validity of stakeholders’ statements and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market information services; Impact assessment; Market transparency; Food policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C81; D80; H43; N57; 013; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108184

PROGRESA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE HUMAN CAPITAL AND WELFARE OF HOUSEHOLD IN RURAL MEXICO: A SYNTHESIS OF THE RESULTS OF AN EVALUATION BY IFPRI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16019

A Typical Scene: Five Exposures to Poverty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Over the past decade, I have been involved with an “Exposure and Dialogue Program” (EDP), which literally exposes analysts and policy makers to the lived reality of poor women’s lives by getting them to spend a few days experiencing that life. After each EDP, participants are encouraged to write up their experiences in the form of “personal” and “technical” notes. This compendium brings together the personal notes I did for my five exposures.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exposures to Poverty; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48921

Smoothing Income Against Crop Flood Losses in Amazonia: Rain Forest or Rivers as a Safety Net
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takasaki,   Yoshito; Barham,   Bradford L.; Coomes,   Oliver T.
This article examines the role of ex post labor supply in smoothing income in response to crop losses caused by large floods among riverine households in the Peruvian Amazon, where rich environmental endowments permit a variety of resource extractive activities and coping responses. The paper finds that households respond to crop losses primarily by intensifying fishing effort not by relying on gathering of non-timber forest products, hunting, or asset liquidation. This ex post labor adjustment helps to smooth total income against small crop losses but less well against large crop losses. Both relatively non-poor households with better fishing capital and poor young households with a physical labor advantage employ this natural insurance in rivers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92147

DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL E SOJICULTURA EM RORAIMA: TRAJETÓRIAS ANTAGÔNICAS OU CONCILIÁVEIS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gianluppi,   Luciana Dal; Waquil,   Paulo Dabdab.
Quando há o entendimento de que crescimento e desenvolvimento são sinônimos, tende-se a prezar uma dimensão do desenvolvimento em detrimento das outras, o que acaba por prejudicar a população por meio de carências nas condições de vida e destruição do meio ambiente principalmente. O ideal do desenvolvimento sustentável surge na tentativa de harmonizar crescimento econômico, igualdade social e preservação ambiental. Buscando avaliar se existe compatibilidade entre essas três dimensões que o problema dessa pesquisa foi proposto – a expansão da sojicultura em Roraima é sustentável? –, uma vez que, na expansão da produção de soja pelo Brasil, as dimensões econômica, social e ambiental nem sempre caminham juntas. Para alcançar o objetivo de observar a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sojicultura; Desenvolvimento sustentável; Roraima; Caracterização; Índices; Soybean production; Sustainable development; Roraima; Characterization; Indexes; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109116

RELIEF AND DEVELOPMENT: BEAN SEED MARKETS IN HONDURAS AFTER HURRICANE MITCH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mainville,   Denise Y.
abstract not available
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11180

Non-Governmental Organizations in Agricultural Development: Preliminary Survey Results
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bingen,   R. James; Mpyisi,   Edson.
Food Security Research Project (FSRP) and Division of Agricultural Statistics (DSA) Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Resources and Forestry, MINAGRI
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Rwanda; Non-governmental organizations; Agricultural development; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55123

Rural Non-farm Dynamics: Occupational Ladders and Earnings Mobility in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chawanote,   Chayanee; Barrett,   Christopher B.
This study explores occupational and earnings dynamics of rural non-farm economy (RNFE) in Thailand. Using occupational transition matrices, we finds significant occupational transitions in rural Thailand, mainly involving moving to non-farm employment, rather than starting businesses. Moreover, results from conditional micro mobility regressions show that transitions into the RNFE are associated with statistically significant earnings gains while transitions into farming are associated with earnings losses. The cumulative distribution of income indicates that non-farm employers’ earnings distribution stochastically dominates the others, signaling an occupational ladder. However, only a small number of individuals become non-farm employers, reflecting the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Earnings mobility; Non-farm employment; Non-farm business; Occupational choice; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103879

Agricultural Trade and Freshwater Resources
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reimer,   Jeffrey J.
Approximately 75% of all water used by humans goes towards food production, much of which is traded internationally.  This study formally models how this works in the case of crop agriculture, making use of recent advances in international trade theory and new data on the productivity by which countries use water for crop agriculture.  The strength of the model lies in its ability to predict, when there is a shock to the system, how trade between pairs of specific countries changes for products that use water intensively.  In one application of the model, international trade in final products is shown to be a means for countries to deal with short- and long-run shocks to water resources that are too big for one country to handle by itself in isolation.  In...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Simulation; Trade liberalization; Water; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; F11; F18; Q25; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123944

LAND REFORM AND FARM RESTRUCTURING IN MOLDOVA: A REAL BREAKTHROUGH?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csaki,   Csaba; Lerman,   Zvi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15003

Uptake of Improved Technologies in the Semi-arid Tropics of West Africa: Why is Agricultural Transformation Lagging Behind?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ndjeunga,   Jupiter; Bantilan,   Ma Cynthia S.
During the last 3 decades, donors and governments have invested in the development and dissemination of new technologies in the semi-arid tropics of West Africa. Though a wide range of improved technologies has been developed, adoption remains low without a significant impact on crop productivity, rural income and poverty. Agricultural transformation as occurred in East Asia has not yet occurred in the semi-arid tropics of West Africa. This paper uses data from a regional survey of rural households in 3 countries in West Africa (Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger) to identify the determinants of uptake of improved technologies. Limited productivity gain is found to be a major constraint to the uptake of technologies. In addition, poorly functioning...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Technology; Markets; Road infrastructure; Information; Agricultural productivity; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110146

BLUNT TO SHARPENED RAZOR: INCREMENTAL REFORM AND DISTORTIONS IN THE PRODUCT AND CAPITAL MARKETS IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Xiaobo; Tan,   Kong-Yam.
A key objective of China's reform program was to reduce distortions in the economic system and enhance growth. However, when implemented in incremental and partial ways, local governments or individuals have chance to capture rents inherent in the reform process. Young (2000) warned that the rent-seeking behavior might lead to increasing market fragmentation. Empirical studies have since shown that this did not happen in the product markets. In this paper we argue that as rents from the product markets were squeezed out during the reform process, rent-seeking behavior shifted to the factor markets, especially the capital and land markets. The reform process now needs to be deepened to ensure that the factor markets also become more integrated and efficient.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Reform; China; Rent Seeking; Factor and Product Market; Transition; International Development; D33; D61; D63; O11; O53; P23.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60183

The Possibility of a Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otsuka,   Keijiro; Yamano,   Takashi.
It is widely believed that a Green Revolution similar to the one achieved in Asia is impossible in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although grain yields have been stagnant in this region, there are some signs of the intensification of farming systems in the face of growing population pressure on limited land resources. In this paper we focus on the new farming system based on the use of manure produced by dairy cows, which may be termed an “Organic Green Revolution.” Using the farm household data collected from Kenya, this paper demonstrates that the Organic Green Revolution has a potential of doubling maize yields in highlands of Kenya.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; Agricultural Revolution; Organic Green Revolution; Dairy cows; Manure; Chemical fertilizer; Maize yield; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110141

MYCOTOXIN FOOD SAFETY RISK IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhat,   Ramesh V.; Vasanthi,   Siruguri.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16571

"Waiting for Godot" or Riding the Orient Express? Trade Negotiations and the Global Audience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   William A.
Interest in the Doha Round appears to be waning among those who should be its major stakeholders. While the negotiations are still interesting to trade policy professionals, the apparently endless negotiations and increasingly trivial nature of any progress that is announced – at least from the perspective of the business community and others in civil society with an interest in trade policy – may be detrimental to the future effectiveness of the WTO. While officials and trade policy professionals continue to suggest that it is business as usual at the negotiations, stakeholders are increasingly dissatisfied with this explanation. Those actively engaged in the process need to step back from the minutiae of the negotiations and consider the broader...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Doha Round; Pace of negotiations; Stakeholders; WTO; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37965

Agricultural Value Chains in Developing Countries A Framework for Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trienekens,   Jacques H.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Developing country value chains; Research framework; Upgrading; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; O13; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103987

Anatomy of Stigmatized Behavior: Peer Influence and Relative Concern
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xi.
This paper is based on an ongoing joint work with David Sahn and Xiaobo Zhang.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social Stigma; Peer Influences; Relative Concern; Blood Donation; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; JEL: I32; J22; D13; D63.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103644

Raumliche Wachstumszusammenhange - Empirische Befunde Fur Deutschland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Niebuhr,   Annekatrin.
Die vorliegende Studie beschäftigt sich mit Wachstumsabhängigkeiten zwischen räumlich benachbarten Gebieten in Westdeutschland im Zeitraum von 1976 bis 1996. Die Hypothese für derartige Wachstumsabhängigkeiten leitet sich aus der räumlichen Dimension von Mechanismen ab, denen ein wesentlicher Einfluss auf die regionale Entwicklung beizumessen ist - wie etwa der Faktormobilität oder technologischen Spill-Over-Effekten. Die empirische Analyse westdeutscher Regionen weist auf eine erhebliche Bedeutung distanzabhängiger Wachstumszusammenhänge hin. Es lassen sich deutliche Hinweise für einen Einfluss der räumlichen Nähe auf die Intensität der Wachstumsabhängigkeiten ermitteln. Weiterhin ist festzustellen, dass regionale Ausgleichstendenzen und...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; C21; O18; R11.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26191

Smallholder Farmers and Collective Action: What Determines the Intensity of Participation?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Elisabeth; Qaim,   Matin.
Collective action has become an important strategy for smallholders in developing countries to remain competitive in rapidly changing markets. However, within farmer groups, the commitment of individual members can vary, as the expected net benefits are not the same for all individuals, and opportunities to free-ride exist. Since the benefits of collective action emerge primarily through the exploitation of economies of scale, low participation rates in joint activities may put a serious threat to the success and viability of farmer groups. This article investigates determinants of smallholder participation intensity and free-riding, using the example of banana groups in Kenya. The results suggest that family labor availability and previous benefits that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Participation intensity; Smallholder farmers; Kenya; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; D23; D71; O13; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108551

Global Growth, Macroeconomic Change, and U.S. Agricultural Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gehlhar,   Mark J.; Dohlman,   Erik; Brooks,   Nora L.; Jerardo,   Alberto; Vollrath,   Thomas L.
After a decade of uneven export growth and rapidly growing imports, U.S. agriculture has begun to reassert its position in global trade markets. Rising exports and signs of moderating demand for imports mark a departure from previous trends. This report places past trends and emerging developments in perspective by spotlighting the role of two specific factors that help steer U.S. agricultural trade patterns: global growth and shifts in foreign economic activity that affect U.S. exports, and macroeconomic factors underlying the growth of U.S. imports. Consistent with actual changes in the level and destination of U.S. exports, model simulations corroborate the contention that renewed export growth can be sustained by expanding incomes and growing food...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Trade balance; Income growth; Economic development; Population; Macroeconomics; Exchange rates; Current account; Growth projections.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55963

Hybrid Rice: Economic Assessment of a Promising Technology for Sustainable Food Grain Production in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Azad,   Md Abdus Samad; Mustafi,   B.A.A.; Hossain,   Mahabub.
Hybrid rice, one of the viable and proven technologies has been considered as a new frontier to increase rice production for meeting growing demand for staple food in Bangladesh. Using farm survey data this paper examines comparative profitability of hybrid and inbred rice cultivation and estimates a Stochastic Frontier Function to determine the effect of key variables on farm efficiency. Results show that hybrid rice gives substantially higher yield as well as net return compared to inbred rice which leads to increase and sustainable growth of food grain production. Analysis of Stochastic Frontier model shows hybrid rice farms are technically more efficient than inbred.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Hybrid Rice; Technology; Economics; Food Self-sufficiency; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5987

METAFRONTIER ANALYSIS OF FARM-LEVEL EFFICIENCIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL-TECHNOLOGY GAPS IN PHILIPPINE RICE FARMING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mariano,   Marc Jim; Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Acda,   Rachelle.
Rice producers in the Philippines operate in different physical environments that are largely beyond their control, especially in terms of the agroclimatic conditions they face. Each rice area requires a unique set of location-specific technologies to match its location-specific needs. The rice production frontier is expected to vary, depending on the degree of yield-enhancing interventions implemented by the government and adopted by farmers. Understanding differences in specific production frontiers in different production systems should provide better assessments of yield performance across different locations and enable rice scientists to develop location-specific technologies as well as disseminate appropriate technologies to farmers in different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technical efficiency; Technology gap; Metafrontier; Stochastic production frontier; Philippine rice farming productivity; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59099

Healthcare Choices, Information and Health Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adhvaryu,   Achyuta; Nyshadham,   Anant.
Self-selection into healthcare options on the basis of severity likely biases estimates of the effects of healthcare choice on health outcomes. Using an instrumental variables strategy which exploits exogenous variation in the cost of formal-sector care, we show that using such care to treat acute sickness decreases the incidence of fever and malaria in young children in Tanzania. Compared to the instrumental variables estimates, ordinary least squares estimates significantly understate the effects of formal-sector healthcare use on health outcomes. Improved information and more timely treatment, rather than greater access to medicines, seem to be the primary mechanisms for this effect.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Healthcare; Information; Child health; Tanzania; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; I10; I18; O10; O12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107257

Supply chain differentiation, contract agriculture, and farmers’ marketing preferences: the case of sweet pepper in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schipmann,   Christin; Qaim,   Matin.
There is an emerging body of literature analyzing how smallholder farmers in developing countries can be linked to modern supply chains. However, most of the available studies concentrate on farm and farmer characteristics, failing to capture details of institutional arrangements between farmers and traders. Moreover, farmers’ preferences have rarely been considered. Here, we address these gaps by analyzing different market channels for sweet pepper in Thailand. Using data from a survey and choice experiment with farmers, we find that there is a general preference for marketing options that do not involve a contract. Additional provision of inputs and credit can increase the attractiveness of contracts. Yet, the most important factor for farmers is to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Contract design; Farmers’ stated preferences; Modern agricultural supply chains; Thailand; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; L14; O31; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108349

U.S. Agricultural Growth and Productivity: An Economywide Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shane,   Mathew; Roe,   Terry L.; Gopinath,   Munisamy.
Growth of U.S. agriculture is dependent on increases in productivity, three-fourths of which is accounted for by public investment in agricultural research and development (R&amp;D) and infrastructure, according to this research. Productivity growth in U.S. agriculture benefits consumers by putting downward pressure on real primary and processed food prices. Moreover, maintaining export growth in international markets relies on relative productivity growth against major competitors. Public investments in agricultural R&amp;D have stagnated since the mid-1970's, raising questions about sustained productivity growth in U.S. agriculture.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Agricultural research and development; Total factor productivity growth; Public investments; International trade negotiations; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34047

Poverty status and the impact of social networks on smallholder technology adoption in rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liverpool-Tasie,   Lenis Saweda O.; Winter-Nelson,   Alex.
Despite recent traces of economic growth, Ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world. Though about 80% of its population is engaged in agriculture, agricultural productivity remains low and extremely vulnerable to climatic conditions.  The adoption and use of modern technologies is generally accepted as a potential vehicle out of poverty for many but  adoption rates in the country remain low with the nature of the adoption process largely unstudied (Spielman et al, 2007). This paper studies the impact of social networks in the technology adoption process in rural Ethiopia. In particular it tests for the presence of social learning effects. In addition to geographic networks, it considers the role played by other networks with more...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social learning; Persistent poverty; Technology adoption; Ethiopia; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O33; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49357

Who is Vouching for the Input Voucher?  Decentralized Targeting and Elite Capture in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pan,   Lei; Christiaensen,   Luc J.M.
Through decentralized targeting of input vouchers new agricultural input subsidy programs aim to more effectively reach their objectives and target population. But, lingering fears of elite capture remain. These are borne out in the 2009 input voucher program in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Sixty percent of the voucher beneficiaries were households with village officials. This significantly reduced the targeting performance of the program, especially in unequal and remote communities. When targeting the poor, greater coverage and concentration in higher trust settings mitigated these concerns. Scrutiny remains important when relying on decentralized targeting, as is a clearer sense of purpose of input vouchers.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Local elite; Decentralization; Targeting; Fertilizer; Voucher program; Tanzania; International Development; Public Economics; H11; H42; O22.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122905

Vulnerability, Income Growth and Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shively,   Gerald E.; Ward,   Patrick S.; Diffenbaugh,   Noah S.
Contributed Paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists’ 2009 Conference, Beijing, China, August 16-22, 2009.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Climate change; Economic development; Energy use; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49943

Cross-Price Elasticities of Demand Across 114 Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Regmi,   Anita; Seale,   James L., Jr.
This report presents a simple methodology for calculating cross-price elasticities across countries, using the Frisch own-price elasticity. Cross-price elasticities are calculated for 9 major consumption categories from the 1996 International Comparison Program data across 114 countries. The consumption categories are: food, beverage, and tobacco; clothing and footwear; education; gross rent, fuel, and power; house furnishings and operations; medical care; recreation; transport and communications; and “other” items. Additionally, cross-price elasticities are calculated and reported for a two-good demand system of food and nonfood. The elasticity estimates from this report are the only available consistent cross-country cross-price elasticity estimates...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cross-country demand analysis; Cross-price elasticities; 1996 ICP data; Florida Model; Frisch elasticity; Complete demand analysis; Food demand; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59870

Innovation and Governance in International Food Supply Chains: The Cases of Ghanaian Pineapples and South African Grapes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trienekens,   Jacques H.; Willems,   Sabine.
This paper reports an exploratory case study on innovation in, and governance of, international supply chains originating in developing countries. Two African fruit export chains are analyzed: the table grape chain from South Africa (a highly developed chain) and the pineapple chain from Ghana (a newly emerging chain). The most important market for both chains is the EU. The two cases present complementary perspectives on international supply chain development. The paper shows that Western demands in these cases lead to innovation at the producer end of the international supply chain and changes in governance structures towards chain coordination and vertical integration.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International supply chains; Innovation; Governance; Developing countries.; Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44900

Trust and Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dincer,   Oguzhan C.; Uslaner,   Eric.
Using data from US states, we find a positive relationship between trust and growth. According to our results, a 10 percentage point increase in trust increases the growth rate of per capita income by 0.5 percentage point, growth rate of housing prices by 1.25 percentage points, and the growth rate of employment by 2.5 percentage points over a decade.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trust; Economic Growth; International Development; Z13; R11.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9094

The New Model of Foreign Aid Drawn from the Experiences of Japan and the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav; Kosack,   Stephen; Togo,   Ken.
This paper compares Japan and the US as they provide different types of capital to the developing world, focusing especially on foreign aid and, to some extent, also on remittances and the role of NGOs. The main focus is on the quality of aid and on past conceptual differences and on an emerging convergence between these two major donors, with Japan having the potential advantage of being able to bring its own historical experience in development to bear.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Foreign Aid; Remittances; NGO; Japan; U.S.; International Development; O11; O15; O16; O23.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118648

Navigating the Perfect Storm: Reflections on the Food, Energy, and Financial Crises
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Headey,   Derek D.; Malaiyandi,   Sangeetha; Fan,   Shenggen.
The closely interlinked food, fuel and financial crises pose a significant new challenge to the global effort to reduce poverty. In short run, the oil-biofuels nexus was clearly the driving force behind the surge in food prices, but export restrictions and panic purchases turned a tightened market situation into a crisis. New evidence reveals that food prices rose sharply in many countries, and that global poverty levels have increased markedly. The good news is that the supply response in many countries was strong. The impacts of the financial crisis on poor countries have yet to fully roll out, but it is clear that additional people will fall into poverty and become food insecure. Lastly, the global food system is fundamentally changing in a number of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food crisis; Energy crisis; Financial crisis; Agricultural development; Poverty; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53212

Economic Impacts of Foreign Animal Disease
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Philip L.; Hillberg,   Ann; Lee,   John G.; Mathews,   Kenneth H., Jr.
This report presents a modeling framework in which epidemiological model results are integrated with an economic model of the U.S. agricultural sector to enable estimation of the economic impacts of outbreaks of foreign-source livestock diseases. To demonstrate the model, the study assessed results of a hypothetical outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The modeling framework includes effects of the FMD episode on all major agricultural products and assesses these effects on aggregate supply, demand, and trade over 16 quarters. Model results show a potential for large trade-related losses for beef, beef cattle, hogs, and pork, though relatively few animals are destroyed. The swine and pork sectors recover shortly after assumed export restrictions end,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Animal disease; Epidemiology; Foot and mouth disease (FMD); Sector model; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56453

Small Farmers and Big Retail: trade-offs of supplying supermarkets in Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Michelson,   Hope; Reardon,   Thomas; Perez,   Francisco Jose.
In Nicaragua and elsewhere in Central America, small-scale farmers are weighing the risks of entering into contracts with supermarket chains. We use unique data on negotiated prices from Nicaraguan farm cooperatives supplying supermarkets to study the impact of supply agreements on producers’ mean output prices and price stability. We find that prices paid by the domestic retail chain approximate the traditional market in mean and variance. In contrast, we find that mean prices paid by Wal-mart are significantly lower than the traditional market but that Wal-Mart systematically reduces price volatility compared with the traditional market. We find some evidence, however, that farmers may be paying too much for this contractual insurance against price...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nicaragua; Supermarkets; Wal-Mart; Modern Retail; Market Risk; Contracts; Supply Chains; Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62124

The Missing Links between Foreign Investment and Development: Lessons from Costa Rica and Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paus,   Eva A.; Gallagher,   Kevin P.
A developing country will derive long-lasting development benefits from FDI only, if there is the right coincidence between its location-specific assets and TNCs’ global interests, and the right match between the country’s national linkage capability and TNCs’ strategic interest in domestic sourcing. We argue that Costa Rica and Mexico have been very successful in attracting high-tech FDI due to the cumulative results of past development policies, proximity to the U.S., and trade arrangements. However, a combination of pervasive market failures, government inaction, and changes in TNC strategies explains why the two countries have not been able to reap lasting benefits from high-tech FDI. We conclude that pro-active government policies have to be an...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37156

The role of agriculture in development implications for Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Resnick,   Danielle; Thurlow,   James.
This paper provides a nuanced perspective on debates about the potential for Africa’s smallholder agriculture to stimulate growth and alleviate poverty in an increasingly integrated world. In particular, the paper synthesizes both the traditional theoretical literature on agriculture’s role in the development process and discusses more recent literature that remains skeptical about agriculture’s development potential for Africa. In order to examine in greater detail the relevance for Africa of both the “old” and “new” literatures on agriculture, the paper provides a typology of African countries based on their stage of development, agricultural conditions, natural resources, and geographic location… More broadly, the paper demonstrates that conventional...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Growth-poverty linkages; Smallholders; Poverty alleviation; Agricultural development; Africa; Economic aspects; Agricultural sector; Ethiopia; Ghana; Rwanda; Uganda; Zambia; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55405

Increasing Access to Infrastructure for Africa's Rural Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Torero,   Maximo; Chowdhury,   Shyamal K.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45763

Labour Market Effects of Trade Liberalisation: The Case of Mauritius
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ramessur,   Taruna Shalini; Durbarry,   Ramesh.
This article uses a partial equilibrium approach to measure the impact of trade liberalisation on the demand elasticity of labour in the apparel industry in Mauritius, a sector where, in general, those in the work force are poor. The findings reveal that there is no evidence that trade liberalisation has increased the overall labour demand elasticity with respect to wages, though it has increased the demand elasticity for female workers. We further examine the relationship between trade liberalisation measures and characteristics of poor households and find that the overall results are mixed and inconclusive, probably due to the high level of data aggregation. Keywords: trade liberalisation, poverty alleviation
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Trade liberalisation; Poverty alleviation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54588

Does microfinance reduce rural poverty? Evidence based on household panel data from northern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berhane,   Guush; Gardebroek,   Cornelis.
This paper evaluates the long-term impact of microfinance credit from the intensity of participation in borrowing. We use a four-round panel data set on 351 farm households that had access to microfinance in northern Ethiopia. Over the years 1997-2006, with three-year intervals, households are observed on key poverty indicators: improvements in annual consumption and housing improvements. The relatively long duration in the panel enables to measure household poverty changes between consecutive periods and see the long-run effects of exposure to microfinance from the intensity of participation borrowing. The fixed-effects model is innovatively modeled to account for potential selection biases due to both time-invariant and time-varying unobserved individual...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Treatment effects; Trend model; Panel data; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51472

The Macroeconomic Impacts of Natural Disasters: New Evidence from Floods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cunado,   Juncal; Ferreira,   Susana.
We analyze the economic impacts of floods using new data on 3,184 large flood events in 118 countries between 1985 and 2008. We use panel vector auto-regressions to trace the dynamic response of output to three types of flood shocks. Our results robustly indicate that flood shocks tend to have a positive average impact on GDP growth, that this impact is limited to developing countries, that the effect is not confined to the agricultural sector, and that it is stronger when it is accompanied by an increase in gross fixed capital formation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural Disasters; Floods; VAR; Economic growth; Macroeconomic Shocks; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103721

Credit Constraints, Organizational Choice, and Returns to Capital: Evidence from a Rural Industrial Cluster in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruan,   Jianqing; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Traditional economic theory posits that a well functioning capital market is a necessary condition for industrialization and economic growth. However, in reality it is observed that micro and small enterprises are ubiquitous because entrepreneurs can set up business in low-return activities with minimal barriers to entry. Using a cashmere sweater cluster in China as an example, this paper shows that organizational choice can overcome the prohibitive cost of investment. Facing credit constraints, firms are more likely to concentrate in divisible production technologies in the form of industrial clusters. With clusters, a vertically integrated production process can be decomposed into many small incremental stages, making them more accessible for small...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cluster; Putting-out; Subcontract; Industrialization; Entrepreneurship; China; Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50334

CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL LAND REFORM IN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Groenewald,   Jan A.
Land reform has traditionally had two objectives: equity and productivity. Food insecurity and the need for agriculture to contribute to development emphasise the need to maintain and improve productivity while improving equitability. Land must foster production and agriculture must attract good human material. The main problem involves policy formulation and delivery Necessary conditions include: (1) A proper institutional framework involving all the relevant public and private bodies: the role and tasks of each should be clear, and also relationships between institutions. (2)Proper fiscal planning is essential. (3) Potentially successful farmers must be selected and given special support, including extension and adult education. Existing extension...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28068

THE COMMANDING HEIGHTS OF MEXICAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guerra,   Manuel Zertuche; Eaton,   David W.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15496

The impacts of mobile phone coverage expansion and personal networks on migration: evidence from Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muto,   Megumi.
Personal networks can help rural workers find urban jobs. Moreover, when the information flow increases due to the mobile phone coverage expansion, the new information flow may strengthen the existing personal networks or bypass them, helping those who were previously outside the networks in the latter case. We examine the combined impact of mobile phone coverage expansion and personal networks by using panel data of 856 households in 94 communities in rural Uganda, where the number of communities covered by mobile phone coverage increased from 41 to 87 communities over a two-year period between first and second surveys in 2003 and 2005, respectively. We first find that, when the household head’s ethnicity belongs to a larger ethnic group in Kampala, an...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Networks; Information; Migrants; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J21; J61; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51898

Traps and Thresholds in Pastoralist Mobility
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Toth,   Russell.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Asset poverty traps; Pastoralism; Semiparametric estimation; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; O12; Q12; O13; C50.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61336

Microfinance in Development - A Perspective on Strategy in Less Developed Nations (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dunn,   John R.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60348

GROWTH THEORY AND ACCOUNTING FOR GROWTH OF THE TAIWANESE ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Pei-Chien; Roe,   Terry L.
A growth accounting and an econometric exercise are used to provide insights into the evolution of the Taiwanese economy over the period 1966-96. The approach links the GDP function of  a multiple sector neoclassical growth model to growth accounting and, subsequently to the estimation of the parameters of this function. The growth accounting results show that the contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth in GDP averaged about 32 percent over the period, and this contribution increased as the economy approached its long-run equilibrium during the decade of the 1980s, with evidence of some departure during 1991-96. Growth in TFP increased output growth in industry and services while growth in skilled labor benefited all sectors. Growth in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Productivity; Technological change; International Development; Productivity Analysis; O3; O4; O5.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12968

A Methodology for Assessing National Sustainable Development Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cherp,   Aleg; George,   Clive; Kirkpatrick,   Colin.
At the Rio Earth Summit of 1992, governments undertook to develop and adopt national sustainable development strategies as a key component of implementing the goals of Agenda 21. Only partial progress was reported at the 2002 World Summit in Johannesburg, with uncertainty as to the effectiveness of those strategies that had been introduced. This paper describes a methodology for assessing a country's progress in implementing a national sustainable development strategy for (NSDS) and for identifying potential areas for improvement. Five key principles of sustainable development and strategic planning are identified, and a set of assessment criteria are proposed for each principle. The results of applying the methodology in two Eastern European countries,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Strategic planning; National sustainable development strategies; Transition countries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30577

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE FOR OVERCOMING RURAL POVERTY IN ROMANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salasan,   Cosmin; Fritzsch,   Jana.
Topical literature sees agriculture's ability to provide food and cash income as a major role in poverty reduction. However, it can only be a driving force for economic development for very poor countries. Economic indicators confirm that Romania is not a very poor country, although poverty has been an issue. During recent years, Romania has progressed successfully in reducing poverty. On the one hand, this can be attributed to its positive overall economic development. On the other hand, agriculture has served as a social safety net for many millions of people. Now the agricultural sector is dominated by subsistent and semi-subsistent farm households headed by persons of retirement age without formal agricultural training. Only 40% of the utilised...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91907

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT EFFORT ASSESSMENT: THE COLOMBIAN CASE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Plaxico,   James S.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29895

Human Development Index:  Are Developing Countries Misclassified? (former title: "Consequences of Data Error in Aggregate Indicators: Evidence from the Human Development Index)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolff,   Hendrik; Chong,   Howard; Auffhammer,   Maximilian.
This paper examines the consequences of data error in data series used to construct aggregate indicators. Using the most popular indicator of country level economic development, the Human Development Index (HDI), we identify three separate sources of data error. We propose a simple statistical framework to investigate how data error may bias rank assignments and identify two striking consequences for the HDI. First, using the cutoff values used by the United Nations to assign a country as ‘low’, ‘medium’, or ‘high’ developed, we find that currently up to 45% of developing countries are misclassified. Moreover, by replicating prior development/macroeconomic studies, we find that key estimated parameters such as Gini coefficients and speed of convergence...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Measurement Error; International Comparative Statistics; International Development; O10; C82.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49763

International Dairy Notes, December 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
Will Mexico become more self-sufficient in milk production?
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91368

Microeconomics of Technology Adoption
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foster,   Andrew D.; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
There is an emerging consensus among macro-economists that differences in technology across countries accounts for the major differences in per-capita GDP and the wages of workers with similar skills across countries. Accounting for differences in technology levels across countries thus can go a long way towards understanding global inequality. One mechanism by which poorer countries can catch up with richer countries is through technological diffusion, the adoption by low-income countries of the advanced technologies produced in high-income countries. In this survey, we examine recent micro studies that focus on understanding the adoption process. If technological diffusion is a major channel by which poor countries can develop, it must be the case that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technology adoption review; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O10; O13; O33.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56760

Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth in a Two Country World
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roe,   Terry L.; Gaitan,   Beatriz.
We investigate the dynamics of nonrenewable resource abundance on economic growth and welfare in a two-country world.  One country is endowed with a nonrenewable-resource, otherwise, countries are identical, except possibly for their initial endowments of capital.  Unlike previous studies analyzing small open economies, we show that once interactions between resource-rich and resource-less economies are considered the effect of the nonrenewable resource on the resource rich economy's performance can be positive.  We derive the necessary condition for the nonrenewable resource to have a positive (negative) effect on the growth rate of the resource-rich economy.  The endowment of the nonrenewable resource has a positive effect on the growth rate of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12979

Pathways into and out of Poverty:  A Study of Household Wealth Dynamics in Rural Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muyanga,   Milu; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Burke,   William J.
For the past half-century, African governments and development agencies have experimented with a series of alternative approaches for addressing rural poverty, each giving way to a new paradigm as the persistence of poverty created disillusionment with prevailing approaches. These broad strategies included ‘growth and trickle down’ in the 1960s; basic human needs and state-led integrated rural development in the 1970s; structural adjustment and economic liberalization in the 1980s and 1990s; and, since 2000, a heterodox mix of donor budget support to empower government ownership in the design of participatory poverty reduction strategies, and resurgent interest in agricultural development. However, rural poverty in most of Sub-Saharan Africa appears to be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Assets; Shocks; Intergenerational transfers; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103377

The Doha Round and Food Security in the Dairy Sector in Cameroon: A Global Simulation Model (GSIM) Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leudjou,   Roland R.
In the framework of the new round of trade liberalization launched in Doha, paragraph 13 of the Development Declaration states that members will support special and differential treatment to accommodate development, including food security. This article simulates scenarios of multilateral tariff reduction from the WTO December 2008 draft modalities on agriculture for the Cameroon dairy sector. Using the Global Simulation Model, the analysis shows a substantial increase in world and domestic consumer prices, as the reduction of bound tariffs does not affect the applied tariffs given the high "binding overhang". As a consequence, consumers' welfare decreases.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer welfare; Dairy products; Domestic consumer prices; Global simulation model (GSIM); Multilateral tariff reduction; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123133

Labor Specialization and Endogenous Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohtadi,   Hamid; Kim,   Sunwoong.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7452

Articles from Volume 1, Issue 1, 2005, Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Editorial; (1) China's Horticultural Trade Patterns: Implications for World Markets, by Colin A. Carter and Xianghong Li (pp. 1-16); (2) Bayesian Estimation of the Double Hurdle Model in the Presence of Fixed Costs, by Garth Holloway, Christopher B. Barrett and Simeon Ehui (pp. 17-28); (3)Spatial Heterogeneity and Adoption of Soil Conservation Investments: Integrated Assessment of Slow Formation Terraces in the Andes, by John M. Antle, Roberto O. Valdivia, Charles C. Crissman, Jetse J. Stoorvogel and David Yanggen(pp. 29-54); (4)The Multiplilcative Effect of Water Subsidies and Price Support Payments: The Case of U.S. Cotton, by Frederick Rossi, Andrew Schmitz and Troy G. Schmitz (pp. 55-70); (5) The Impacts of MFA Elimination on Chinese Fiber...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49023

Increasing Protection of GIS at the WTO: Clawbacks, Greenfields and Monopoly Rents
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yeung,   May T.; Kerr,   William A.
Currently there are proposals and negotiations regarding the strengthening of protection for geographic indicators (GIs) in the WTO. A major proponent of stronger protection for GIs has been the European Union. One of the arguments it has put forward for stronger protection has been that it will provide an avenue for economic development for agricultural producers in developing countries – a way to capture rents in the markets of developed countries. This paper first outlines the proposed changes to the international protection of geographic indicators. Second, the potential for groups of producers to generate and capture rents in foreign markets is assessed under differing assumptions pertaining to industry structure, product differentiation in the short...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; WTO; GIS.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43459

Rent Seekers in Rentier States: When Greed Brings Peace
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bjorvatn,   Kjetil; Naghavi,   Alireza.
Are natural resources a source of conflict or stability? Empirical studies demonstrate that rents from natural resources, and in particular oil, are an important source of civil war. Allegedly, resource rents attract rent seekers, which destabilize society. However, there is a large literature on how so-called rentier states manage to pacify opposition groups by handing out special favors. The present paper attempts to bridge the gap between the rent-seeking view of resource rents as a source of conflict and the rentier state view which emphasizes the role of resource rents in promoting peace and stability, and show how one may lead to the other. The mechanism that we highlight relies on the notion that higher rents may activate more interest groups in a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rent Seeking; Rentier States; Resource Rents; Conflict; Patronage Employment; International Development; D74; Q34.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60687

Brazil's Rising Agricultural Productivity and World Competitiveness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rada,   Nicholas E.; Buccola,   Steven T.; Fuglie,   Keith O.
Brazil now is the largest coffee, sugar, and fruit juice producer, second-largest soybean and beef producer, and third-largest corn and broiler producer.  It has overtaken the U.S. in poultry exports, nearly matches the U.S. in soybean exports, and dominates global trade in frozen orange juice.  To test and better understand these advances, we draw on decennial farm censuses to examine technical change and efficiency in Brazilian agriculture.  Our approach is to estimate a stochastic, multi-product, output distance frontier, using a translog functional form and data disaggregated to the micro-region (sub-state) level.  Using two consecutive decennial farm censuses, we combine state-level Fisher productivity-change indexes with state-level translog distance...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Shephard distance function; Stochastic frontier; Technical change; Technical efficiency; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49317

Altruism, Favoritism, and Guilt in the Allocation of Family Resources: Sophie's Choice in Mao's Mass Send Down Movement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Hongbin; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.; Zhang,   Junsen.
In this paper, we use new survey data on twins born in urban China, among whom many experienced the consequences of the forced mass rustication movement of the Chinese “cultural revolution,” to identify the distinct roles of altruism and guilt in affecting behavior within families. Based on a model depicting the choices of the allocation of parental time and transfers to multiple children incorporating favoritism, altruism and guilt, we show the conditions under which guilt and altruism can be separately identified by experimental variation in parental time with children. Based on within-twins estimates of affected cohorts, we find that parents selected children with lower endowments to be sent down; that parents behaved altruistically, providing more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Guilt; Altruism; China; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; J12; J13; O12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43524

The Evolution of Ireland's Kerry Group/PLC-Implications for the U.S. and Global Dairy-Food Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wagner,   Jeffrey; Chandera,   Yane; Dobson,   William D.
This Discussion Paper is a case study of Kerry Group/PLC of Ireland. Kerry grew from a small dairy cooperative (annual sales of US $50 million) in the early 1970s into an international food ingredients and consumer food products company with sales of US $2.6 billion in 1998. Kerry Group/PLC provides a model that US and other dairy-food firms interested in exporting dairy-based food ingredients or engaging in foreign direct investment in food ingredients businesses might emulate.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Kerry Group/PLC of Ireland; Irish Dairy Industry; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37660

The effects of globalization on child labor in developing countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dagdemir,   Ozcan; Acaroglu,   Hakan.
This paper inquires the effects of globalization on child labor in developing countries via cross-country analysis by decomposing globalization to its components; foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade. The findings reveal that the relationship between the child labor supply and gross domestic product per capita (PCGDP) can be expressed as a U shape. The study indicates that the child labor increases in the developing countries whose PCGDP levels are above $7500 since the net effect of globalization is positive for the positive substitution effect is bigger than the negative income effect. Data have been collected from UNICEF and World Bank.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Child labor; Globalization; Trade; FDI; Developing countries.; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; C31; F14; F15; F16; J49.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95959

ANALISIS DEL EQUILIBRIO GENERAL DEL IMPACTO DE LAS TRANSFERENCIAS DEL PROGRESA SOBRE EL BIENESTAR; INFORME FINAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.; Harris,   Rebecca Lee.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16014

Relato do Sucesso da Segurança Alimentar em Mocambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: SIMA,   Technical Team.
Resultados das investigações do Projecto de Segurança Alimentar em Moçambique MAP-Direcção de Economía-Dpto. Estatística
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55196

BOSERUP VERSUS MALTHUS REVISITED: EVOLUTION OF FARMS IN NORTHERN COTE D'IVOIRE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Demont,   Matty; Jouve,   Philippe; Stessens,   Johan; Tollens,   Eric.
The literature on the evolution of farming systems in West Africa shows a large diversity of general theories on rural development.  The purpose of this study is to revisit the theses of Malthus and Boserup and empirically test them on a case study of Northern Cote d’Ivoire.  We have at our disposal a database spread over three agricultural seasons (1995-1998) and four villages.  These villages differ strongly regarding their population density and historical genesis.  The comparison between these villages permits us to track down their stage in the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution process of farms.  Our...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31836

Improving Nutrition as a Development Priority: Addressing Undernutrition in National Policy Processes in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benson,   Todd.
Undernutrition has, fortunately, risen on the policy agenda in Africa in recent years. In 2004, an international IFPRI 2020 conference held in Kampala on food and nutrition security in Africa drew attention to the issue, and high-level policymakers noted the problem and the need for action much more than they had before. Still, undernutrition remains a fundamental challenge to achieving improved human welfare and economic growth in Sub- Saharan Africa. To address that challenge, national governments must undertake appropriate policies and actions. Politically, however, a high prevalence of undernutrition is not seen as anomalous and indicative of the inability of governments to fulfill their duties to their citizens. This report examines the findings from...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition policy; Africa Sub-Saharan; Food supply; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37875

Sustainable Relations in International Development Cooperation Projects: The Role of Organizational Climate
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rota,   Cosimo; Zanasi,   Cesare.
The importance of the human side of project management to assess the success of international development project has not been fully considered yet. An analysis of the literature on the project success definition, focused on the success criteria and success factors, was carried out. The organization’s effectiveness, in terms of Relations Sustainability, emerged as a criteria integrating the “time, cost, performance” approach to define a project success. Based on previous research contributions on the factors influencing the organization’s effectiveness, the paper expands the analysis of the influence of Organizational Climate on the Relation Sustainability between project manager and project team involved in international cooperation for development. The...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Relations sustainability; Organizational climate; Organizational effectiveness; Project management; Project success; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121845

Profitability of Hermetic Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) Bags for African Common Bean Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jones,   Michael; Alexander,   Corinne E.; Lowenberg-DeBoer,   James.
Bruchid species like Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera) and Zabrotes subfasciatus (Coleoptera) cause significant storage losses for African common bean producers.  The value of storage protection to a market-oriented farmer is a function of price seasonality, value loss prevention, and their respective opportunity costs of capital.  Evidence suggests that hermetic technologies like Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags could be effective against key legume storage pests, but sustainable technology introduction requires that it be profitable for producers.   While PICS bag effectiveness against these specific common bean bruchid species is still under investigation, this analysis references dry weight loss figures from life science articles and builds...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural pests; Technology adoption; Phaseolus vulgaris; Hermetic storage; Storage economics; Agribusiness; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; Q13; O33.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117708

AID INSTRUMENTS IN FRAGILE STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leader,   Nicholas; Colenso,   Peter.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12818

Changes in Beliefs and Perceptions about the Natural Environment in the Forest-Savanna Transitional Zone of Ghana: The Influence of Religion
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sarfo-Mensah,   Paul; Oduro,   William.
The potential of traditional natural resources management for biodiversity conservation and the improvement of sustainable rural livelihoods is no longer in doubt. In sub-Saharan Africa, extensive habitat destruction, degradation, and severe depletion of wildlife, which have seriously reduced biodiversity and undermined the livelihoods of many people in rural communities, have been attributed mainly to the erosion of traditional strategies for natural resources management. In Ghana, recent studies point to an increasing disregard for traditional rules and regulations, beliefs and practices that are associated with natural resources management. Traditional natural resources management in many typically indigenous communities in Ghana derives from changes in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Tumi; Sacred Groves; Forest-Savanna Transition; Sustainability; Traditional; Christianity; Islam; International Development; Z1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59386

TRAJETÓRIA DE CONVERSÃO AGROECOLÓGICA DE AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES DO SUDESTE DA AMAZÔNIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abreu,   Lucimar Santiago; Siviero,   Amauri; Bellon,   Stephane.
O sistema de uso da terra baseado na implantação de sistemas agro florestais na Amazônia é fortemente recomendado pela pesquisa agropecuária brasileira, no entanto, poderia apresentar algumas restrições no âmbito da sustentabilidade econômica de modo a  colocar em risco eminente a população menos favorecida deste território.  Para equacionar tal problemática de pesquisa analisamos o processo de emergência e de desenvolvimento de uma experiência agroecológica, localizada no sudeste da Amazônia, mais precisamente em Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia.  A investigação teve como objetivo central reconstruir a trajetória de conversão das unidades de produção familiar, de maneira tal que as relações sociais de produção, a diversidade de atividades agropecuárias, as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transição agroecológica; Desenvolvimento rural sustentável; Biodiversidade; Agricultura de base ecológica; Sistemas agroflorestais; Agro ecological transition; Sustainable rural development; Biodiversity; Ecological based agriculture; Agrofloresty systems; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109798

Poverty - Dynamic and Sustainability Perspectives Implications for Welfare and Policy with Reference to India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
After outlining some comparative features of poverty in India, this article reviews critically recent literature on the dynamics of poverty.  On economic efficiency grounds, it rejects the view that the chronically poor are more deserving than the non-chronic poor of poverty assistance.  Mechanisms of households and communities for coping with poverty are discussed.  The possibility is raised that where poverty has been persistent that rational methods for coping with it are likely to be well established, and less suffering may occur than for households and communities thrown temporarily into poverty.  However, situations can also be envisaged where such rational behaviours deepen the poverty trap and create unfavourable externalities for poverty...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: India; Markets and poverty; Poverty alleviation policy; Markets and poverty; Poverty dynamics; Sustainable communities; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106949

IMPACT OF LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COLOMBIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pelaez,   Eduardo.
The industrialization process began in Latin America as a way to promote economic growth, and at the same time to save foreign exchange.  Import substitution policies were adopted in almost every Latin American country.  High tariffs and other import restrictions were adopted in order to protect the infant industries.  Tax exemptions and other incentives were created in order to promote domestic and foreign investments.  While the process of import substitution continued, there were increasing needs for the importation of intermediary and capital goods,  Under these circumstances, the Latin American countries initiated programs of regional integration.  In 1958 the Central American Isthmian countries, except Panama, created the Central American Common...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10983

Conflict, Food Price Shocks, and Food Insecurity: The experience of Afghan households
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Revised version submitted December 2012.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Afghanistan; Food security; Conflict; Nutrition; Poverty; Spatial distribution; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D12; I3.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123323

Exports and Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anwer,   Muhammad Sarfraz; Sampath,   Rajan K.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35938

Explaining the Allocation of Bilateral and Multilateral Environmental Aid to Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hicks,   Robert L.; Parks,   Bradley C.; Tierney,   Michael J.
In this paper we examine how international development assistance for environmental purposes is allocated to developing countries.  In particular, we investigate whether there are patterned differences between environmental aid for international public goods projects versus environmental projects having more localized impacts.  We empirically investigate these questions using project project level development assistance data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19346

FREE TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RESOURCES OF IRAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koshteh,   M.H. Karim; Karbasi,   Ali Reza.
Free trading is considered as index of global economy and factor economic growth in many countries.  In this study along with recognition of growth resources, those factors such as surplus value, Labour, capital, energy, government planning and expenditure which playing the main role in economic growth has been identified and analyzed.  Also, international trade index impact along with other effective factors on surplus value are considered and estimated.  The results show that Labour and energy are the most effective inputs on surplus value respectively.  Then supposing that the sector experienced a productive agronomic year and supporting that Iran country was committed to a free trading framework, the relationships between various related variables were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Free trading; Agriculture; Investment; Labour; Energy.; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25927

Changing Patterns of Consumption Underlying Changes in Trade and Agricultural Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50657

Looking Ahead: Long-Term Prospects for Africa’s Agricultural Development and Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Cline,   Sarah A.; Li,   Weibo; Sulser,   Timothy B.; Valmonte-Santos,   Rowena A.
Sub-Saharan Africa is the only developing region in the world where food insecurity has worsened instead of improved in recent decades. In this discussion paper, Mark W. Rosegrant, Sarah A. Cline, Weibo Li, Timothy B. Sulser, and Rowena A. Valmonte-Santos show that this discouraging trend need not be a blueprint for the future. The research contained in this discussion paper was conducted in preparation for the IFPRI 2020 Africa conference “Assuring Food and Nutrition Security in Africa by 2020: Prioritizing Actions, Strengthening Actors, and Facilitating Partnerships,” held in Kampala, Uganda, April 1–3, 2004. The authors examine the implications of several different policy scenarios based on IFPRI’s International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42255

Control of Newcastle Disease in Village Chickens
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Centre for International Economics.
Between 1983 and 1992, the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) invested A$3 million in research to find a vaccine that could provide protection from Newcastle disease in chickens and be applied in village environments in developing countries. A further $160 000 was invested in follow up projects which ended in 1996. Village chickens often provide the only source of protein to poor villagers living in remote areas and Newcastle disease frequently devastates unvaccinated village flocks. The ACIAR-sponsored research was highly successful in developing a heat resistant vaccine (HRV4) which could be readily used in the field by coating it onto chicken feed. The vaccine was commercialised by an Australian company which subsequently...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Newcastle disease; Chickens; Poultry; Vaccine; Malaysia; Vietnam; ACIAR; Australia; Developing country; Village; Africa; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47190

Opportunities and Challenges for Strengthening Staple Food Markets in Eastern and Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
This study highlights the major challenges facing governments and international agencies in their efforts to strengthen the performance of staple food markets in Eastern and Southern Africa.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Food policy; Markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Q18; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62156

MODERNIZATION OF AGRICULTURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE INDIAN EXPERIENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dholakia,   Bakul H; Dholakia,   Ravendra H.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Indian Agricultural Development; Agricultural Modernization; International Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44549

COPPER CRISIS AND AGRICULTURAL RENAISSANCE IN ZAMBIA: AN ECONOMY-WIDE ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; Robinson,   Sherman; Thurlow,   James.
Zambia's strong dependence on copper exports has suppressed other tradables sectors, indicative of a Dutch disease phenomenon.  The current copper crisis will have strong economic effects, possibly reversing such Dutch disease effects.  We use a computable general equilibrium model built around a 1995 social accounting matrix to simulate the short- and long-run effects of two scenarios that reflect the current crisis, a 20 percent reduction in world copper prices and a complete collapse of copper mining.  Compared to the short run, the long run is characterized by more flexibility in production technology and capital allocation. Both scenarios require a significant reduction in the "non-copper" trade deficit, absorption, and household consumption.  The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Copper; Structural adjustment; Agriculture; General equilibrium; International Development; C68; O55; Q17; Q32.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25805

FOSTERING GLOBAL WELL-BEING: A NEW PARADIGM TO REVITALIZE AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bathrick,   David D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16202

A Framework for Assessing of the Impact of Capacity Building
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Templeton,   Deborah J.
Capacity building is widely recognised as an important component of most research-for-development activities. However despite the fact that around $15 billion is spent annually on capacity building activities, there has been limited assessment of the economic returns to that investment. In recent years, the Impact Assessment Program of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research has turned its attention to quantifying the benefits from capacity-building. This paper sets out a framework for assessing of the impact of capacity building and presents four case studies. It does not purport to be a definitive paper by any means. Rather, it is an account of just one organisations experience. It is hoped that as work on this important area...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Capacity building; Impact assessment; Attribution; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51716

Stimulation of innovations: case of the Latvian IT cluster
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeibote,   Zane.
This paper is based on assumption that innovation and competitiveness can be facilitated by clusters. The cluster approach has certain advantages which could be explored by firms looking for increased growth, competitiveness and innovation. The analysis of the Latvian Information Technology cluster shows that it has developed a platform for increasing competitiveness and innovation capacity for IT firms, and it helps to draw conclusions for further improvement of cluster and individual company performance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Competitiveness; Clusters; Cluster initiative; Information technology; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; M15; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94526

Women’s Power, Conditional Cash Transfers and Schooling in Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gitter,   Seth R.; Barham,   Bradford L.
The Red de Protección Social (RPS) in Nicaragua is one of a growing number of conditional cash transfer programs that pay households cash stipends in exchange for school attendance and regular visits to health clinics. A key feature of these programs is that the cash is given to the woman head of household. The rationale stems from previous research in the developing world that transfers to women are more likely to be spent on health, nutrition, and education of children and thus to reinforce the goals of these programs. One concern is that less powerful women may not be as impacted by program funds, because males in those household will decrease their contributions in response to the transfers. Utilizing randomized experimental data from RPS, we test for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92145

Toward the Enhanced Effectiveness of Foreign Aid
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
At the very time that professional skepticism concerning the effectiveness of foreign aid has reached new heights, donors seem to be ready to substantially increase the volume of aid they are willing to make available.  This paper attempts to address this paradox by first examining the record of aid in the past, distinguishing between cross-country regressions and select country experience.  It subsequently proceeds to propose the establishment of a new modus operandi for foreign aid, based on a much more passive, bankerlike posture by donors, leaving the initiative for defining what reforms are feasible, plus the establishment of self-conditionality, to third world recipients before they approach the international community of donors.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28403

On the interaction between risk-taking and risk-sharing under farm household wealth heterogeneity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delpierre,   Matthieu; Verheyden,   Bertrand; Weynants,   Stephanie.
Empirical evidence on developing countries shows on the one hand that rich farm-households are more keen to adopt new technologies and are higher risk takers than poor households. On the other hand, however, they are shown to be less vulnerable to income shocks than poor farmers. This paper provides a rationale for these observations. Risk averse agents, heterogeneously endowed with wealth, non-cooperatively decide on their level of subscription to risk-sharing and on the degree of individual production risk they take. Rich households take more risks and subscribe more to risk-sharing. Although risk-sharing allows all households to cope with idiosyncratic shocks, the risk-taking behavior of rich households increases the covariate component of poor...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk-taking; Risk-sharing; Technology adoption; Farm household; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; O12; O13; O17; O33.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122556

Reformulating Policies for Integrated Land and Water Use for Sustainable Agricultural Development: A Case of Punjab State
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhullar,   A.S.; Sidhu,   R.S.; Singh,   Joginder.
Land and water are the natural partners in the process of agricultural development. Their coordinated use is essen tial for long-term optimization of economic as well as social welfare. Deliberately planned or policy induced divergence from integrated land and water use management may bring short-term rewards but normally squeezes the long-term sustainability of growth as well as of resources. The Indian Punjab, known as the Heartland of Green Revolution, is a classic example of this. Punjab has depleted its land and water resources due to lack of their integrated use. The production pattern followed was neither commensurate with soil capabilities nor with water availability not to talk about their integrated capacities. The production, inputs use,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25798

Forecasting with X-12-ARIMA: International tourist arrivals to India and Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balogh,   Peter; Kovacs,   Sandor; Chaiboonsri,   Chukiat; Chaitip,   Prasert.
Forecasting is an essential analytical tool in tourism policy and planning. This paper focuses on forecasting methods based on X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment and this method was developed by the Census Bureau in the United States. It has been continually improved since the 1960s, and it is used by many statistics agencies and central banks. The secondary data were used to produce forecasts of international tourist arrivals to India for 2007-2010 and also these data were used to produce forecasts of international tourist arrivals to Thailand for 2006-2010. From these period the results confirm that the best forecasting method based on the X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjustment is X-12-ARIMA(0,1,2)(0,1,1), X-12-ARIMA(0,1,1)(0,1,1) and X-12-ARIMA(2,1,0)(0,1,1) for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: India; Thailand; International tourism; X-12-ARIMA; The best forecasting methods; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49226

Carbon Credit Payment Options for Agroforestry Projects in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Allwardt,   Jennifer.
The potential of using carbon offset credits from agroforestry projects for farmers in developing areas has become more prevalent in both Clean Development Mechanism and voluntary carbon markets. Since the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, many international development organizations have been interested in using the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to help both mitigate CO2 emissions through agroforestry projects offsets and as a poverty reduction tool. Few organizations that have begun talking with farmers about planting trees for carbon offset credits have been able to tell the farmers how much money they would receive from their new tree growth or the costs they will incur in doing so. For this study, a whole farm budget toolkit was designed to...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Budget toolkit; Carbon credits; Clean Development Mechanism; Payment methods; Smallholder farmers; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Land Economics/Use; O13; O22; R30; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118497

Inter-Provincial Migration and Inequality During Vietnam's Transition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Phan,   Diep; Coxhead,   Ian A.
Vietnam’s economic boom during the transition to a market economy has centered on very rapid growth in some sectors and some provinces, yet poverty has diminished across the entire country. With capital investments highly concentrated by province and sector, geographic labor mobility may be critical in spreading the gains from growth. Conversely, rising income inequality may be attributable in part to impediments to migration. We first use census data to investigate migration patterns and determinants. We then examine the role of migration as an influence on cross-province income differentials. The former analysis robustly confirms economic motives for migration but also suggests the existence of poverty-related labor immobility at the provincial level....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92114

Institutions and EU Decisions-Making: the 'Power' of the European Commission
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pokrivcak,   Jan.
I develop a two-stage political economy model that explicitly models the complexity of decision-making in the European Union on the Common Agricultural Policy, and I derive how the institutional design affects the outcome and the influence of the various agents involved, and the likelihood of political stalemate.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Political economy; European Union; Common Agricultural Policy; Voting; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24862

L’Impact de la technologie agricole en Afrique subsaharienne: Synthèse des conclusions du colloque
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oehmke,   James F.; Crawford,   Eric W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads December 2008-June 2009: 3.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54057

Atelier sur la transformation de l'agriculture en Afrique: Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, September 26-29, 1995
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ba,   Moussa Batchily; Staatz,   John M.; Farrelly,   Laura L.; Camara,   Youssouf; Dimithe,   Georges.
À l'initiative de l'USAID, la BAD, MSU et l’INSAH, une quarantaine de chercheurs, de décideurs politiques et d’opérateurs-terrain venus de 19 pays et représentants une vingtaine d'institutions Africaines ou internationales se sont retrouvés à Abidjan dans le cadre d'un atelier continental pour débattre sur le thème de la transformation de l'agriculture Africaine. Cet atelier a été parrainé par le Ministre de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique de la Côte d'Ivoire. L'atelier d'Abidjan s'est basé sur les réflexions précédentes portant sur les défis à relever (insécurité alimentaire, pauvreté, et dégradation de l’environnement) au cours du processus de stimulation de la transformation structurelle de l'agriculture en Afrique, notamment...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural transformation; Africa; International Development; Downloads July 2008 - July 2009: 21; F11.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54669

Fomentando a Transformação Agrícola e do Sistema Alimentar em África
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: SIMA,   Technical Team.
Resultados das investigações do Projecto de Segurança Alimentar em Moçambique MAP-Direcção de Economía-Dpto. Estatística
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mozambique; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55200

Agricultural Productivity and Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
We analyze the evolution of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) over the past 45 years, looking for evidence of recent changes in growth patterns using an improved nonparametric Malmquist index. Our TFP estimates show a remarkable recovery in the performance of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agriculture between 1984 and 2006 after a long period of poor performance and decline. That recovery is the consequence of improved efficiency in production resulting from changes in the output structure and an adjustment in the use of inputs. Policy interventions, including fiscal, trade and sector specific policies, appear to have played an important role in improving agriculture’s performance. Despite the improved agricultural performance, SSA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Efficiency; Malmquist index; Total factor productivity; Technical change; Sub-Saharan Africa; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105400

The Transformation of the Irish Economy - The Role of Public Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flinter,   Dan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112946

Operational Models for Improving the Targeting Efficiency of Agricultural and Development Policies: A systematic comparison of different estimation methods using out-of-sample tests
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Houssou,   Nazaire; Zeller,   Manfred.
Accurate targeting is key for the success of any development policy. While a number of factors might explain low targeting efficiency such as governance failure, political interference or lack of political will, this paper focuses on improving indicator-based models that identify poor households and smallholder farmers more accurately.    Using stepwise regressions along with out-of-sample validation tests and receiver operating characteristic curves, this paper develops proxy means tests models for rural and urban Malawi. The models developed have proved their validity in an independent sample and therefore, can be used to target a wide range of development policies to the poor. This makes the models a potentially interesting policy tool for the country.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Poverty targeting; Predictions; Proxy means tests; Out-of-sample tests; ROC curve; Bootstrap; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C01; C13; C51; C52; I3; I32; Q14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51454

Endowments and Investments within the Household: Evidence from Iodine Supplementation in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adhvaryu,   Achyuta; Nyshadham,   Anant.
Standard theories of resource allocation within the household posit that parents’ investments in their children reflect a combination of children’s endowments and parents’ preferences for child quality. We study how changes in children’s cognitive endowments affect the distribution of parental investments amongst siblings, using data from a large-scale iodine supplementation program in Tanzania. We find that parents strongly reinforce the higher cognitive endowments of children who received in utero iodine supplementation, by investing more in vaccinations and early life nutrition. The effect of siblings’ endowments on own investments depends on the extent to which quality across children is substitutable in parents’ utility functions. Neonatal...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Endowments; Intra-household; Child health; Tanzania; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; I14; I15; I18; O12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107270

The role of consumers’ perceptions in the valuation of food safety and convenience attributes of vegetables in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mergenthaler,   Marcus; Weinberger,   Katinka; Qaim,   Matin.
Food systems in developing countries are undergoing a profound transformation characterized by the emergence and expansion of modern retailers and integrated supply chains. Appropriate policies are needed to guide this transformation, presupposing a good understanding of consumer preferences. We analyze consumers’ valuation of different vegetable attributes in metropolitan areas of Vietnam, using contingent valuation techniques and a mediation framework for two specific examples. Consumers are willing to pay an average price premium of 60% for Chinese mustard that is free of chemical residues and of 19% for different convenience attributes of potatoes. Income levels and media have positive impacts on the willingness to pay, partly mediated through...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Convenience; Food quality; Food safety; Mediation framework; Transformation of food systems; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Marketing; D12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51629

EVOLUTIONARY INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bromley,   Daniel W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91734

Development and Implementation of a Mandatory Animal Identification System: The Canadian Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carlberg,   Jared G.
This article provides a brief history of the animal identification (ID) system that previously existed in Canada along with details on efforts to ‘‘reidentify’’ the country’s cattle herd. The current state of ID for various species is summarized, and the state of regulations federally and for major agricultural province are outlined. A short background on the economics of animal ID is provided. Particular attention is paid to the operation of the Canadian Cattle Identification Agency, an industry–government initiative charged with identifying the national cattle herd. The animal ID system in Canada is found to have performed well when called on in times of animal health crises, although there have been notable deficiencies in its performance on occasion....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Animal identification; Traceability; Canadian Cattle Identification Agency; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; H41; K39; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92600

COLLECTIVE ACTION AND PROPERTY RIGHTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; di Gregorio,   Monica.
Includes: Collective Action and Property Rights for Sustainable Development: Overview, by Ruth Meinzen-Dick and Monica Di Gregorio; Understanding collective action, by Elinor Ostrom; Understanding property rights, by Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Rajendra Pradhan, and Monica Di Gregorio; Local-level public goods and collective action, by Nancy McCarthy; Property rights, collective action, and agroforestry, by Frank Place, Keijiro Otsuka, and Sara Scherr; Irrigation, collective action, and property rights, by Douglas L. Vermillion; Collective action and property rights in fisheries management, by Mahfuzuddin Ahmed, K. Kuperan Viswanathan, and R.A. Valmonte-Santos; Collaborative management of forests, by Eva Wollenberg, Bruce Campbell, Sheona Shackleton, David...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16031

AGRICULTURE AND FIVE YEARS OF PERESTROIKA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brooks,   Karen M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13868

Endogenous Economic Reforms and Local Realities: Cotton policy-making in Burkina Faso
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaminski,   Jonathan; Serra,   Renata.
This paper explores the case for believing endogenous reforms to be more developmental than externally-imposed reforms, by drawing on the recent unorthodox experience of  cotton sector reform in Burkina Faso. We address questions about reform emergence, feasibility, developmental impact, and sustainability. Our analysis, which carefully incorporates local social and political realities, suggests that the urban elites dominating the Burkinabè state favoured a particular cotton reform process, because it provided them with higher rents; while allowing for some rent distribution to the rural world which secured national consensus around reform. Endogenous reforms, though more feasible, are not necessarily more sustainable over time. In Burkina Faso, the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Cotton policy-making; Reforms; Burkina Faso; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116227

THE EVOLUTION OF FARMING SYSTEMS IN NORTHERN COTE D'IVOIRE: BOSERUP VERSUS MALTHUS AND COMPETITION VERSUS COMPLEMENTARITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Demont,   Matty; Jouve,   Philippe; Stessens,   Johan; Tollens,   Eric.
A socio-economic analysis of a sample of farms in Northern Cote d’'Ivoire revisits two debates about the evolution of farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa.  Taking into account the diversity of farming systems, the debates "“Boserup vs. Malthus"” and “"competition vs. complementarity”" between cotton and food crops become better informed and less straightforward.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31846

Agricultural Value Chain Development in West Africa – Methodological framework and case study of mango in Benin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Melle,   Cathelijne; Coulibaly,   Ousmane; Hell,   Kerstin.
Globalization and competitiveness of agricultural commodities could have significant potential benefits for food security and poverty reduction in West Africa. Participation in global trade and economy is potentially important but not enough to ensure benefits at all levels of the chains and equitable distribution of income for each participant. Efficiency is key in the commodity value chain, but effective support functions and services, infrastructure, legal and policy environment are important. This paper presents the framework of value chain concept and analysis, as a guide to enhance competitiveness of commodities at national, regional or global level. The paper applies the value chain framework to a case study on mango in Benin, West Africa. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Benin; Mango; Value chain; West Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51994

Why is Nation Building So Bloody? Two Cases
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
In this paper I present case studies of the history of Nation Building in the United States and Turkey. In the United States the nation building project involved the transition of thirteen British colonies to a nation state. In the case of Turkey the nation building project involved a transition from a multinational empire to a Turkish Republic The motivation for writing the two case studies was the abrupt shift in policy by the Bush Administration following the terrorist attack on the New York World Trade Center Towers on September 1, 2001. During his presidential campaign and during his first months in office George W. Bush vigorously criticized what he interpreted as the nation building efforts of the Clinton administration. Before the end of its first...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7305

Efficiency and Technological Progress in the Chinese Agriculture: the Role of FDI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Quan; Wahl,   Thomas I.
This study analyzes the role of foreign direct investment in contributing to regional differences in productive efficiency in Chinese agriculture. We use a stochastic frontier production function model, explicitly incorporating foreign capital, to investigate the relative performance of the aggregate agricultural sector across provinces and over time. Thus we can determine if foreign direct investment policies might reasonably be expected to change the competitive environment of regional agricultural sector. We calculate an index of productive efficiency and estimate the determinants of regional variations in it.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19940

A Reappraisal of the Role of Agriculture in Economic Growth in Melanesian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Fortunes in the agricultural sectors of four of the largest South Pacific countries are traced in recent decades by estimating the single factoral terms of trade index. The single factoral terms of trade are measured for agriculture in four Melanesian countries-Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu-over the period, 1970 to 2002. This index provides a useful method to assess changes in returns to factors employed in agricultural production in these countries. Except in Solomon Islands, farmers experienced a deteriorating index, indicating that they have reaped progressively lower returns to their resources. In Solomon Islands, returns to resources are shown to have increased slightly. A sustained contribution by the agricultural sector to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Factoral terms of trade; Melanesia; Smallholders; Total factor productivity; International Development; D24; O12; O47; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25715

Arthur Lewis' Contribution to Development Thinking and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
Arthur Lewis’ seminal 1954 paper and its emphasis on dualism appeared at a time when neither the work of Keynes or Harrod-Domar nor the later neoclassical production function of Solow seemed relevant for developing countries. As a consequence, his model, rooted in the classical tradition, plus its many extensions, generated an extensive literature at the center of development theory. The approach also encountered increasingly strong criticism, some of the “red herring” variety, but some, spearheaded by neoclassical microeconomists like Rosenzweig, also raised serious challenges, focused especially on its labor market assumptions. This paper reviews this landscape and asks what theoretical or policy relevance the Lewis model retains for today’s developing...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Development theory; Dualism; Labor markets; International Development; O11.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28410

Russia's Transition to Major Player in World Agricultural Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liefert,   William M.; Liefert,   Olga; Serova,   Eugenia.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Russia; Agriculture; Trade; Grain; Meat; WTO Accession; International Development; F14; P33; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94724

Role of inputs, institutions, and technical innovations in stimulating growth in Chinese agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Pardey,   Philip G.
Cover title. "September 1995"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-35).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Growth economics -- Models; Agricultural productivity -- China; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97516

Development Policy Under Eisenhower and Kennedy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hagen,   James M.; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7494

Effects of Credit Constraint on Productivity  and Rural Household Income in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dong,   Fengxia; Lu,   Jing; Featherstone,   Allen M.
Chinese rural household has been always facing credit constraints. Few institutions lend loans to farmers because of financial risks. Farmers have to use usury or other informal sources to meet the financial needs for production. This credit constraint has been forcing farmers to deviate from optimal resource allocation and production arrangement. Consequently, it affects farmers’ income growth. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine how credit constraint affects agricultural productivity and rural household income and discuss some consequent policy implications.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural credit constraint; Productivity; Household income; China; Agricultural Finance; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61402

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE 4TH YOUNG SCIENTISTS WORKSHOP ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE YSW-2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bokusheva,   Raushan; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud.
This Discussion Paper contains the greater part of the contributions to the Young Scientists Workshop on Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO, September 4-5, 2006). After last years’ positive response, the workshop has been organized for the fourth time and has a solid number of contributions. The aim of this annual event is to give young scientists the opportunity to present and discuss their transition-related research. The following short versions of the workshop contributions serve as a basis for discussion during the workshop, but also offer a cross-sectional overview of current research being carried out by young scientists. Although the issues covered by the workshop contributions are quite diverse, they share a common...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91964

FACTOR PRICES AND TECHNICAL CHANGE IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN, 1880-1960
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hayami,   Yujiro; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the hypothesis that a common basis for rapid growth in agricultural output and productivity lies in a remarkable adaptation of agricultural technology to the sharply contrasting factor proportions in the two countries. It is hypothesized that an important aspect of this adaptation was the ability to generate a continuous sequence of induced innovations in agricultural technology biased towards saving the limiting factors. In Japan these innovations were primarily biological and chemical. In the United States they were primarily mechanical.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1969
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14172

Research for the future development of aquaculture in Ghana.
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture development; Conferences; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44839

THE IMPACT OF INCREASED SCHOOL ENROLLMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TANZANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seebens,   Holger; Wobst,   Peter.
Failure to accumulate human capital is one of the pressing problems of developing countries. Lacking human capital formation bears consequences on an economy wide level, since education contributes to labor productivity. We examine the impact of increased school enrollment with regard to economic growth and income inequality. A dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model applying a 2000 SAM for Tanzania is used to evaluate the quantitative long-term effects of increased school attendance on overall economic growth and welfare. In order to get an insight in how a potential skill upgrade would affect the economy, we simulate a government program that aims at increasing primary school enrollment. We find that an increase in human capital formation in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18737

Do Preferential Trade Agreements Promote Growth? An Evaluation of the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dean,   Judith M.
The few empirical studies which examine the effects of preferential trade liberalization on growth find no direct relationship between membership in a PTA and growth across countries. This is somewhat surprising, given the large literature which argues that trade liberalization is likely to encourage more rapid growth. However, sensitivity analysis has shown that this link between freer trade and growth may be indirect, as freer trade strongly increases investment, and higher investment strongly increases growth. This paper tests for both direct and indirect effects of preferential trade liberalization on growth and investment, by examining the impact of the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act--a non-reciprocal PTA implemented by the U.S. in 1984 to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15867

Role of innovation in growth of countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tejinder,   Sara.
The paper discusses the role of innovative capability in growth of a country by arguing that in the long run, a nation’s higher order competitive advantage can be built only with innovation. The paper also identifies eight determinants of innovation capability of a country. The discussion of these eight determinants should be useful for policy makers in countries attempting to promote economic growth by improving the productivity of the firms in their countries.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Economic growth; Productivity of the firms; Innovative firms; Innovation capability of a country.; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O10; 021; 031; 038.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94611

Women Farmer’s and Agriculture Growth: Challenge and Perspective for Africa face the economic crisis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adeniyi,   Labintan.
In poor countries the agricultural sector is essential to growth, poverty reduction, and food security. In Sub- Saharan Africa, the agricultural sector employs 65 percent of the labor force and generates 32 per cent of GDP growth (Christian Friis Bach and all, 2008).More than half of rural employment in Sub- Saharan Africa consists of self-employed farmers, many of whom are women. Women generally own less land and the land they have is often of lower quality than the land owned by men. According to the International Development Research Centre, women in Africa only own 1 per cent of the land. Women have to contend with limited access to financial and technical resources. Women lack political influence. However the recent economic crisis that has affected...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Women Farmer-Africa- Economic Crisis-Challenge and Perspective; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97062

Agricultural Supply Response in Fiji
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hone,   Phillip; Haszler,   Henry; Natasiwai,   Tevita.
The agricultural sector is a central part of the Fiji Islands economy. Policies to alleviate poverty and stimulate economic growth need to be based on a sound understanding of the local agricultural systems involved. This understanding needs to extend to the responsiveness of production to price changes. To date there have been no published quantitative estimates of the responsiveness of agricultural supply in Fiji to output price changes. In this paper we present a set of highly disaggregated supply elasticities covering many of the major food crops produced and consumed in Fiji. These results have been derived from a stated intention survey of rural households. The results appear consistent with the dual nature of Fiji's agricultural sector and show that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stated intention survey; Agricultural; Supply elasticities; Developing country; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5982

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Flores,   Luis; Mather,   David.
Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; Central america; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93029

Integrating Economic Analysis with a Randomized Controlled Trial: Willingness-to-Pay for a New Maternal Nutrient Supplement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Katherine P.; Vosti,   Stephen A.; Lybbert,   Travis J.; Ayifah,   Emmanuel.
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy can have significant implications for a child’s prenatal growth and development, and undernutrition experienced during the prenatal period increases the risk of early childhood morbidity and mortality and can permanently impair a child’s physical growth and cognitive development.  We use new data from Ghana generated using contingent valuation and experimental auction techniques to estimate willingness-to-pay (WTP) for LNS, a new nutrient supplement aimed at preventing maternal undernutrition during pregnancy.  We also explore the relative importance of individual and household characteristics as well as information about the long-term benefits of preventing undernutrition on WTP.  We find that WTP is positive for a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic Development; Nutrition; Willingness-to-Pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103793

Agricultural Growth Linkages in Ethiopia: Estimates using Fixed and Flexible Price Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Fekadu,   Belay; Haggblade,   Steven; Taffesse,   Alemayehu Seyoum; Wamisho,   Kassu; Yu,   Bingxin.
Accelerating growth and poverty reduction, and the ultimate achievement of structural transformation, are the critical policy challenges in present day Ethiopia. This paper examines relevant growth options in terms of their impact on overall growth and poverty reduction in the country. It deploys a fixed-price semi-input-output model and a flexible-price economy-wide multi-market model for that purpose. The paper finds that agricultural growth can induce higher overall growth and faster poverty reduction than non-agricultural growth, although the latter can also have large growth effects in some cases. Among sub-sectors within agriculture, staple crops have stronger growth linkages. Decomposition of these effects also reveals that consumption linkages are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42419

Globalization, Growth and Distribution: Framing The Questions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
In the last two decades, across a range of countries high growth rates have reduced poverty but have been accompanied by rising inequality. This paper is motivated by this stylized fact, and by the strong distributional concerns that persist among populations and policy makers alike, despite the poverty reduction observed in official statistics where growth has been sufficiently high. This seeming disconnect frames the questions posed in this paper. Why the disconnect, and what to do about it? It is argued that official poverty statistics may be missing key elements of the ground level reality of distributional evolution, of which rising inequality may be an indirect indicator. Heterogeneity of population means that there may be significant numbers of poor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51105

Multi-level Processes of Integration and Disintegration. Proceedings of the Third Green Week Scientific Conference.
Provedor de dados: 31
This volume of proceedings, available as both a hard copy and a pdf file, is an edited compilation of selected contributions to the MACE Conference 2009, held in Berlin, Germany, at the ICC from 14 to 15 January 2009. We would like to thank all those persons and organisations who contributed to the realisation of the MACE Conference 2009 as well as the volume you are holding. First of all, we thank all the lecturers, whose commitment made the conference possible. The conference would not have been successful without the active engagement of such a large number of colleagues from IAMO, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and ATSAF. Thanks to all of them. Furthermore, we appreciate the support provided by the European Union, particulary to the Marie Curie...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92312

Economic, Financial, and Political Environment in Argentina
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agarwal,   Sanjeev.
Interest is high in Argentina as an emerging economic power in the Americas.  This paper analyzes issues pertinent to the relative advantages and disadvantages between the United States and Argentina for producing, transporting, processing and marketing major agricultural commodities in the context of distribution to significant global markets.  Designed as a tool for agribusiness students and prospective investment and trade partners, it outlines Argentina's economic, financial, and political history.  The paper focuses on the past 15 years, with emphasis on the trade-related economic and political reforms in the presidencies of Carlos Menem and Fernando de la Rua.  Appendices give background on two wars, the "Dirty War" and the Falkland Islands War, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18692

Long-Term Unemployment, Technical Progress and Capital Mobility in an Open Growth-Matching Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Birk,   Angela.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26206

Agriculture and Agribusiness Reform in the CEE Nations and NIS: Issues and Opportunities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Stanley R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18463

The Historical Fertility Transition: A Guide for Economists
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guinnane,   Timothy W.
The historical fertility transition is the process by which much of Europe and North America went from high to low fertility in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This transformation is central to recent accounts of long-run economic growth. Prior to the transition, women bore as many as eight children each, and the elasticity of fertility with respect to incomes was positive.  Today, many women have no children at all, and the elasticity of fertility with respect to incomes is zero or even negative. This paper discusses the large literature on the historical fertility transition, focusing on what we do and do not know about the process. I stress some possible misunderstandings of the demographic literature, and discuss an agenda for future work.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fertility transition; Long-run growth; Malthusian models; Quantity-quality trade-off; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; N3; O1; O4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95271

Structural change in Europe’s rural regions – Farm livelihoods between subsistence orientation, modernisation and non-farm diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salasan,   Cosmin; Curtiss,   Jarmila; Gomez y Paloma,   Gomez; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Fritzsch,   Jana; Wegener,   Stefan; Glauben,   Thomas; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Moller,   Lioudmila; Pieniadz,   Agata; Renner,   Swetlana; Davidova,   Sophia; Fredriksson,   Lena; Petrovici,   Dan Alex; Mishev,   Mishev; Hubbard,   Carmen; Gorton,   Matthew; Wolek,   Tomasz.
Edited volume of the contributions to the mini-symposium of the same title at the IAAE conference 2009.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: EU; Enlarged EU; Structural change; Farm livelihoods; Modernization; Rural development; Success stories; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53334

Wildlife Conservation in Zambia: Impacts on Rural Household Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez,   Ana; Richardson,   Robert B.; Tschirley,   David L.; Tembo,   Gelson.
FOOD SECURITY RESEARCH PROJECT,  LUSAKA, ZAMBIA
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Tourism; Conservation; Household income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Q18; Q26; Q27; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55053

Estimating the economic potential of rural microregions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grasselli,   Norbert.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Political Economy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48339

UPDATING AND ESTIMATING A SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX USING CROSS ENTROPY METHODS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Robinson,   Sherman; Cattaneo,   Andrea; El-Said,   Moataz.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16277

The Japanese Market for Imported Fruit Juices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Feleke,   Shiferaw T.; Kilmer,   Richard L.
The objectives were to analyze the competitiveness of countries exporting fruit juices into Japan and simulate the effect of the negative Japanese population growth rate on fruit juice demand. The relative price version of the Rotterdam demand model was estimated for orange, grapefruit, other citrus, apple, pineapple and grape juices. Results indicate that most exporters can’t increase market share through price reductions. Product promotion and product differentiation is a more plausible option. The growth of fruit juice demand in Japan is expected to decrease over the period 2006 through 2020 for 11 of the 18 fruit juice/country combinations because of negative population growth rate.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Fruit juice; Japan; Rotterdam model; Population decline; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Q1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92551

An analysis of the challenges of the maize seed industry in eastern and southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Langyintuo,   Augustine S.; Mwangi,   Wilfred; Diallo,   Alpha O.; MacRobert,   John F.; Dixon,   John; Banziger,   Marianne.
The liberalization and restructuring of the seed sector in eastern and southern Africa (ESA) during the past two decades have witnessed a proliferation of private seed companies in the maize seed industry (Hassan et al., 2001; Lemonius, 2005). Although the total number of registered maize seed companies increased from 8 and 11, respectively, in 1997 to 40 each, the quantities of seed marketed barely doubled, increasing from 23,000 and 27,000 tons to 53,000 and 51,000 tons, respectively; an indication that the reforms are insufficient in ensuring efficient functioning of the sector in the two regions. A study involving 117 seed providers, representing 92 percent of all registered maize seed companies in ESA in 2007 identified bottlenecks that have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Keywords: Maize seed industry; Seed policies; Eastern and southern Africa; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing; D21; M31; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51713

Key Challenges and Solutions in Delivering Successful Aid for Commercial Ventures in Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gwynne,   Beris.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124438

The Deregulation and Rationalization of Australia's Dairy Industry-Implications for the U.S. and World Dairy Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.; Wagner,   Jeffrey.
The termination of Australia's Domestic Market Support scheme for manufacturing milk producers and the end of state market milk (fluid milk) pricing regulations on June 30, 2000 made Australia's dairy industry arguably the most deregulated in the world. Australia's milk production will become concentrated on larger farms in low-cost milk production areas as a result of deregulation. Deregulation is expected to enhance Australia's competitiveness in dairy export markets. Valuable lessons for the dairy industries of the U.S., EU, and other countries can be gained from analyzing the forces that caused Australia's dairy industry to deregulate. Of interest too is the restructuring package that Australia's dairy industry and Australia's government used to help...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Australia's Domestic Market Support Scheme; Australia's Milk Production; Deregulation; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37661

Rapid Reconnaissance of Coarse Grain Production and Marketing in the CMDT zone of southern Mali: field work report of the IER-CSA-PROMISAM team December 13-19, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boughton,   Duncan; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
This report presents principal findings of a rapid reconnaissance undertaken in December, 2009 as preparation for more detailed marketing studies to be undertaken in the context of PROMISAM II’s applied research program on promoting food security in Mali. The objective of the reconnaissance was to explore changes in cereal production and marketing patterns as an input to the design of a forthcoming study of changes in the structure, conduct and performance of the coarse grain sector in Mali. To facilitate discussions with farmers and traders an interview guide was prepared. The first section of this report synthesizes the principal findings, while the annex presents detailed field notes from the study together with the interview guide.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; MALI; Food policy; Grain; Production; Marketing; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q12; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62226

COUNTRY SIZE, LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN LDC'S
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zuleta C.,   Juan Carlos.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13280

AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD TRADE IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE: THE CASE OF SLOVENIAN INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bojnec,   Stefan; Hartmann,   Monika.
One of the striking features in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries is the deterioration of their agricultural and food trade balance during transition to a market economy as imports increased faster than exports or exports even declined. This paper investigates the Slovenian agricultural and food trade in more detail focusing on changes in the geographical distribution of trade and the nature of trade specialization on the basis of the Grubel-Lloyd Intra-Industry Trade index and Marginal Intra-Industry Trade Indices. The results indicate that Slovenian agricultural and food trade largely remains of the inter-industry type with specialisation of exports towards the former Yugoslav markets and imports from the European Union. The proportion of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intra-industry trade; Integration; Agro-food sector; Intra-industrieller Handel; Integration; Agrar- und Ernährungssektor; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; F14; F15; P52; Q17.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92027

International food prices and poverty in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Warr,   Peter G.; Yusuf,   Arief Anshory.
This paper argues that recent increases in international food prices worsened poverty incidence in Indonesia, even though many poor farmers benefited. This conclusion is based on the application of a multi-sectoral, multi-household general equilibrium model of the Indonesian economy. The positive effect on the welfare of poor farmers was exceeded by the negative effect on poor consumers. Indonesia’s ban on rice imports since 2004 complicates this account. The import ban shielded Indonesia’s internal rice market from the temporary world price increases from 2007 to 2008, but did so at the expense of permanently increasing both rice prices and poverty incidence.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Indonesia; Food Prices; Poverty Incidence; General Equilibrium Modeling; International Development; D58; I32; F14.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59259

Biofuels, Poverty, and Growth: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis of Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arndt,   Channing; Benfica,   Rui M.S.; Tarp,   Finn; Thurlow,   James; Uaiene,   Rafael N.
This paper assesses the implications of large-scale investments in biofuels for growth and income distribution. We find that biofuels investment enhances growth and poverty reduction despite some displacement of food crops by biofuels. Overall, the biofuel investment trajectory analyzed increases Mozambique’s annual economic growth by 0.6 percentage points and reduces the incidence of poverty by about six percentage points over a 12-year phase-in period. Benefits depend on production technology. An outgrower approach to producing biofuels is more pro-poor, due to the greater use of unskilled labor and accrual of land rents to smallholders, compared with the more capital-intensive plantation approach. Moreover, the benefits of outgrower schemes are enhanced...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bio-fuels; Growth; Poverty; Mozambique; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52004

Uganda's challenges in complying with the WTO Agreement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rudaheranwa,   Nichodemus.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WTO; EPRC; World trade; Trade agreements; Tariffs; Tariff barriers; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93814

Agricultural Trade Policy Modelling: Insights from a Meta-Analysis of Doha Development Agenda Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hess,   Sebastian; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan.
In a meta-analysis of trade policy models, Hess and von Cramon-Taubadel (2008) use over 5800 simulated welfare effects from 110 studies of potential Doha Development Agenda outcomes to identify characteristics of models, data and policy experiments that influence simulation results. This meta-analysis, which is recapitulated here, produces plausible results and explains a significant proportion of the variation in simulated welfare effects. However, due to insufficient documentation and the complexity of the general and partial equilibrium models in the literature sample, many explanatory variables employed in this analysis are binary. This precludes more detailed analysis of their impacts across models. Therefore, a partial equilibrium model and a single...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Trade; Policy model; Doha; Meta-analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43466

Towards A Framework for Assessing Empowerment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mosedale,   Sarah.
When policymakers and practitioners decide that "empowerment" - usually of women or the poor - is a development goal what do they mean? And how do they determine the extent to which it has been achieved? Despite empowerment having become a widely used term in this context there is no accepted method for measuring and tracking changes. Presumably if we want to see people empowered we consider them to be currently dis-empowered i.e. disadvantaged by the way power relations presently shape their choices, opportunities and well-being. If this is what we mean then we would benefit from being better informed about the debates which have shaped and refined the concept of power and its operation. Many sociologists, political scientists and anthropologists have...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30578

COLLECTIVE ACTION IN PEST MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ravnborg,   Helle Munk.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16546

Can lagging countries catch up?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward.
I am honoured to be invited to deliver the Simon Brand Lecture at these Annual Meetings of South Africa's Agricultural Economics Association. I especially liked the theme your organizers chose for the Conference.  My congratulations on the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Association. I participated in the organization of the Brazilian Society of Agricultural Economics, and that too was about 40 years ago. You are a vital and vigorous profession – one that you can all be proud of.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9509

International Remittances, Domestic Remittances, and Income Inequality in the Dominican Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kimhi,   Ayal.
Inequality decomposition techniques are used to analyze the different impacts of domestic and international remittances on household income inequality in the Dominican Republic. Domestic remittances seem more likely to be equalizing than international remittances. The negative marginal effect on inequality of domestic remittances is more prominent among rural households, and in particular among landless rural households, while the negative marginal effect on inequality of international remittances is more prominent among urban households, and in particular outside of the Santo Domingo area. Stronger marginal effects of remittances were found among female-headed households, the elderly and the less educated. Both domestic and international remittances are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93130

ASSESSORIA EM ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS: ENTRE O IDEAL CONCEBIDO E O REAL PRATICADO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Silva,   Aldenor Gomes; Araujo,   Joaquim Pinheiro.
A volta da reforma agrária está no bojo das conseqüências da modernização da agricultura no tocante à exclusão social e produtiva de parcelas da população rural que não conseguiu se inserir nas novas dinâmicas sociais e produtivas. A alternativa foi buscar formas para continuar no espaço rural. Mesmo que insuficiente, a reforma agrária tem propiciado uma série de políticas para esse setor, entre elas, a assessoria aos assentamentos rurais. Criado em 1997 para assessorar as famílias assentadas pelo INCRA, o Projeto Lumiar, objetivava viabilizar os assentamentos centrado no produtivismo e já nasceu com a marca da transitoriedade para suprir a demanda criada pelo aumento de assentamentos. Em 2004, o INCRA, lança a Ates. Comparada ao Lumiar, esse programa tem...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Assessoria em assentamentos rurais; Ates; Projeto Lumiar; Políticas públicas; Reforma agrária; Assessorship in agricultural nestings; ATES; Lumiar Project; Public Politics; The agrarian Reformation; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110032

Agricultural Inter-Sectoral Linkages and Its Contribution to Economic Growth in the Transition Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Subramaniam,   Vijay; Reed,   Michael R.
This study estimates an econometric model that incorporates the linkages among agriculture, manufacturing, service and trade sectors using a vector error correction model for Poland and Romania. Three cointegrating vectors for Poland and one for Romania confirm that the different sectors in the Poland and Romania moved together over the sample period, and for this reason, their growth rates are interdependent. The long-run relationship of industrial, service and trade sectors to agricultural sector were established, and the results show that the industrial sector in Poland contributes positively to the agricultural sector while the growing service sector shows mixed results. The results of Romania indicate that the industrial sector is detrimental to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transition economy; Inter-sectoral growth linkages; Cointegration analysis; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; P20; 041; C32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51586

REBUILDING AFTER WAR: MICRO-LEVEL DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY REDUCTION IN MOZAMBIQUE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simler,   Kenneth R.; Mukherjee,   Sanjukta; Dava,   Gabriel; Datt,   Gaurav.
This report-part of an extensive body of work IFPRI undertook on the state of poverty in Mozambique at the end of a long period of war-zeroes in on the question of what determines living standards and poverty in Mozambique. It aims to identify those public policy interventions that are likely to reduce poverty the most. The authors examine household and community characteristics linked to poverty and develop a microeconometric model to measure the influence of education, employment, demographics, agricultural technology, and infrastructure on consumption. Although the results of this research are directed to policymakers in Mozambique, those concerned with other low-income countries will find the analytical methods and findings useful, especially the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16524

IMPERIALISM AND COMPETITION IN ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND ECONOMICS: A PERSPECTIVE FROM DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
In work published in the 1980's Yujro Hayami and I elaborated a theory of institutional innovations in which institutional changes are induced, on the demand side, by changes in relative resource endowments and technical change and, on the supply side, by changes in cultural endowments and advances in social science knowledge.  In the mid-1980's I initiated a research program to explore what development economists might learn from research by other social scientists working in the field of development.  In this paper I draw on this earlier work, and on related literature to explore the conditions under which interdisciplinary imperialism or interdisciplinary collaboration can be most productive.  I argue that when the objective of research is to advance...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; O30.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12978

Development in the Midst of Drought: Evaluating an Agricultural Extension and Credit Program in Nicaragua.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullally,   Conner.
Abstract: This essay is an evaluation of year one of the Rural Business Development (RBD) program for small rice farmers in León, Nicaragua. The RBD program is administered by the Millennium Challenge Corporation, and is designed to deliver agricultural extension advice and affordable credit in the form of inputs to farm households. This essay estimates the average impact of the program on rice yields and revenues utilizing inverse propensity score weighting combined with linear regression. In conducting statistical inference, it also accounts for the fact that agricultural outcomes are likely correlated over space in a small area such as the one studied here. The results suggest that the program had no impact on average, likely due to the presence of a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Development; Agriculture; Extension; Credit; Spatial; Propensity score; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108498

Fertilizer profitability in East Africa: A Spatially Explicit Policy Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guo,   Zhe; Koo,   Jawoo; Wood,   Stanley.
Even though it is clear that Substantial growth in inorganic fertilizer use is a prerequisite for sustained agricultural growth in Africa, fertilizer use is still one of the factors explaining lagging agricultural productivity growth in SSA. High transport costs and less policy support pose a significant barrier to make fertilizer application profitable in Africa. This paper is aimed to identify organizational and institutional changes that could reduce fertilizer transport costs and their impacts on profitability of fertilizer application. A model is constructed to simulated transport costs from ports to farm-gate at pixel level based on the knowledge of road network condition, surface land cover type, slope, imported fertilizer price at the port, storing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Fertilizer profitability; Value cost ratio; Transport cost; East Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51710

Farm Productivity and Household Market Participation: Evidence from LSMS Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rios,   Ana R.; Shively,   Gerald E.; Masters,   William A.
We analyze the correlation between farm productivity and market participation using comparable household data from Tanzania, Vietnam and Guatemala. Each farm’s input use and output levels provide a within-sample measure of relative productivity, which we relate to that household’s level of participation in local markets using a wide range of agricultural, demographic and infrastructural variables as controls and as instruments in two-stage regressions.  Results indicate that, controlling for differences in market access and the underlying determinants of market participation, households with higher productivity have greater participation in agricultural markets. In contrast, households with greater rates of market participation do not consistently...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market participation; Productivity; Multi-country sample; Household surveys; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; O13; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51031

The Impacts of Wildlife Conservation Policies on Rural Household Welfare in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fernandez,   Ana; Richardson,   Robert B.; Tschirley,   David L.; Tembo,   Gelson.
KEY POLICY POINTS • Tourism is increasingly important in Zambia as a vehicle for economic growth, and has been identified as a key sector for poverty reduction due to its potential to generate off-farm income and employment in rural areas. Growth in arrivals and receipts in Zambia has outpaced average growth rates for developing countries. • Tourism in Zambia relies mostly on the stock of natural resources, including the protected area system which includes national parks and game management areas (GMAs). Co-management agreements between Zambia Wildlife Authority (ZAWA) and rural communities present opportunities and threats for households living in GMAs. • Households living in GMAs have lower average income than households in other rural areas. Yet we...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wildlife conservation; Rural households; Zambia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53453

Impact of Pension Privatization on Foreign Direct Investments: A Study of the Latin American Experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reece,   Christopher; Sam,   Abdoul G.
We explore the causal effect of market-oriented pension reform on net foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Latin America, which has experienced a wave of pension privatization and FDI in the last two decades. With our balanced panel of 17 countries over the 1991-2006 period, we implement fixed effects models, controlling for the endogenous decision to enacted full or partial privatization of the public pension system and several other covariates whose choice is informed by the rich empirical literature on FDI. Our econometric results indicate that privatization triggers a significant increase in net FDI inflows within a year of reform implementation and that the effect does not wane over time. We estimate that privatization increases FDI as a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pension Privatization; Foreign Direct Investments; Latin America; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61206

The World Food Crisis: Causes and Implications for Ontario Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weersink,   Alfons; Hailu,   Getu; Fox,   Glenn; Meilke,   Karl D.; von Massow,   Mike.
The upheaval in the global food market involving the dramatic increases in crop prices and riots prompted by unaffordable food to many of the world’ s poorest has placed agriculture back in the public eye.  Questions are being raised surrounding what has happened, why, and what can be done.  This report has provided an overview of the food crisis and its potential impact on agri-food sector in Ontario.    The boom in crop prices is primarily related to demand side factors rather than a supply-side shock from a production shortfall that were behind previous price spikes.  There have been some supply side shifts: weather-related shortfalls occurred in the last two crop years, especially for wheat, yield increases are falling due to lagging research and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food prices; Crop prices; Stock levels; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46503

Moving up and moving down: a new way of examining country growth dynamics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rockmore,   Marc; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Do the countries which grow share the same features as those which decline? How can some countries achieve such long-term sustainable growth while others fail so badly? This paper builds on the emerging literature on growth asymmetries by examining movement across income categories in the World Development Reports over a significant period of time. The results confirm the existence of asymmetries and find that the factors which are correlated with movement upwards or downwards are markedly different. Evidence is presented which suggests that growth episodes share some common features while economic collapse may occur for a broader range of reasons.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55400

HOST COUNTRY WELFARE EFFECTS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) AND IMPORTS: AN APPLICATION TO THE PROCESSED FOOD INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yilmaz,   Alper.
In case of tariff-induced capital inflow, growth might be immiserizing, under certain assumptions for the host country.  Higher levels of foreign direct investment (FDI) might be associated with higher wages and employment levels in a host country, justifying the forbearance of some countries to the immiserizing effects of FDI.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21585

Special Edition on An Exploration of a Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otsuka,   Keijiro; Kalirajan,   Kaliappa P.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110140

A Farm Level Analysis of the Economic Impact of the MARENA Program in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bravo-Ureta,   Boris E.; de Almeida,   Alexandre; Solis,   Daniel; Inestroza,   Aaron.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact Evaluation; Propensity Score Matching; Fixed Effects; Internal Rate of Return; Technical Efficiency; Honduras; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55658

WHY TVES HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO INTERREGIONAL IMBALANCES IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ito,   Junichi.
The major objectives of this paper are to shed some light on the mechanism that generates interregional economic imbalances among communities in rural China. Central to this issue is the development of township and village enterprises (TVEs) because the presence of secondary industry is closely associated with the economic welfare of the people residing in rural communities. In rural Jiangsu, for example, spatial disparities have become more pronounced over the past two decades. This fact suggests that the influence of initial conditions—historical and geographical advantages of industrial frontrunners—has not been erased but rather continues to persist. This is attributed to a variety of factors, including the less efficient use of TVE resources in poor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic imbalance; Rural China; Past-dependency; Institution; Allocation efficiency; Agglomeration economies; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16049

Commune Shocks, Household Assets, and Economic Well-Being in Madagascar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mills,   Bradford F.; del Ninno,   Carlo; Rajemsison,   Harivelo.
Rural households in developing countries are buffeted by environmental, social, health and economic shocks. This paper provides an empirical vignette of the frequency and spatial distribution of such shocks in Madagascar. The association between shocks, community and household assets, and levels of economic well-being (as measured by per-capita expenditures) is then explored, along with the implications for reducing levels of chronic poverty.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19956

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN JAPANESE AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oniki,   Shunji.
As modern agricultural growth has been attained through increasing use of material input, it is discussed whether agricultural growth can be sustained in the long run within the limit of environmental tolerance.  In order to investigate the possibility of growth, this study applies Aghion and Howittfs Schumpeterian growth model, and conducts empirical analyses using rice production panel data from eight regions in Japan for the period 1984 to 1999.  Estimation of the translog cost function, which incorporates quality improvement effects, as well as the growth accounting estimation, reveals that the growth with quality improvement occurs, as the growth with increasing material input is stagnant.  The quality-based innovation does not lead to increases in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25813

THE PRODUCTIVE VALUE OF EDUCATION IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sidhu,   Surjit S.
The purpose of this paper is to present some empirical evidence from a developing agriculture in northwestern India, evidence which shows that schooling of the farm people contributes to their useful productive abilities.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1976
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13937

NATURAL RESOURCE ABUNDANCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH REVISITED
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stijns,   Jean-Philippe C.
Data on energy and mineral reserves suggest that natural resource abundance has not been a significant structural determinant of economic growth between 1970 and 1989. The story behind the effect of natural resources on economic growth is a complex one that typical growth regressions do not capture well. Preliminary evidence suggests that natural resources may affect economic growth through both "positive" and "negative channels." Potential reverse causality running from these "channels" to fuel and mineral reserves further complicates the analysis. I conjecture that, as economic historians suggest, the ability of a country to exploit its resource base depends critically on the nature of the learning process involved.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25127

Exploring the Economic Rationale for Protecting Geographical Indicators in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bramley,   Cerkia; Kirsten,   Johann F.
The misappropriation of the names of geographical regions such as Parma, Roquefort and Champagne is protected in the European Union by a system of Geographical Indications, and is acknowledged by the World Trade Organization as an important intellectual property right. This article addresses whether there is a case for similar protection in South Africa. The article explores the economic rationale for implementing a system of Geographical Indications by addressing issues such as information asymmetry and the role of reputation; formation of niche markets; monopoly formation, value added and rural development. The economic rationale for protecting Geographical Indications derives mainly from the fact that place of origin may be used as a quality signal, or...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10128

Réflexion sur les orientations stratégiques pour un développement économique durable au Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Mali has a challenge of putting in motion a long term process of economic growth linked with social safety nets. Only a strategy focusing on the generation, transfer, and investment of an agricultural surplus is capable of implementing this process. However, the use of productivity gains of the agro-food sector as engine for economic growth is only possible when solid links are established between the rural sector and the rest of the economy through the development of markets and infrastructure for transport, communication, and energy to attract and invest a part of these productivity gains into the other sectors of the economy. That is why the proposed strategy of economic development in this memo has three components: the growth of the agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Mali; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55456

Agriculture and Dairy Production Systems in China: An Overview and Case Studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wattiaux,   Michel A.; Frank,   Gary G.; Powell,   J. Mark; Wu,   Zhinguo; Guo,   Yuyuan.
The Chinese dairy industry is growing rapidly. Since 1980, the rate of increase in dairy cattle in China's dairy industry (+210,000 cows per year) is 1.7 times higher than the rate of decline of dairy cattle in the US dairy industry (-124,000 cows per year). If the current trends do not change, there will be as many dairy cows in China as in the US-approximately 7.45 million cows in 2012.  This two-part Discussion Paper presents the context in which the Chinese dairy industry is developing (Part I) and a study of the Dairy Farm systems and case studies of five farms in the Province of Yunnan, the city of Beijing and the province of Heilongjiang (Part II).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Chinese Dairy Industry; Dairy Cows in China; Development of the Chinese Dairy Industry; Chinese Dairy Farm Case Studies; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37654

Workshop on Agricultural Transformation in Africa: Abidjan, Côte D'Ivoire, September 26-29, 1995
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ba,   Moussa Batchily; Staatz,   John M.; Farrelly,   Laura L.; Camara,   Youssouf; Dimithe,   Georges.
At the initiative of USAID, the ADB, MSU, and INSAH, 40 researchers, policy makers and private-sector entrepreneurs from 19 countries, representing 20 African and international organizations, met in Abidjan for a continent-wide workshop to debate issues related to transformation of African agriculture. The Abidjan workshop built on previous discussions organized by Winrock International, the World Bank, USAID (AFR/SD/PSGE/FSP) and IFPRI concerning the key challenges (food insecurity, poverty, and environmental degradation) that need to be addressed while fostering a structural transformation of African agriculture.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural transformation; Africa; International Development; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 20; R11.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54668

Market Liberalization and Agricultural Intensification in Kenya (1992-2002)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: De Groote,   Hugo; Kimenju,   Simon Chege; Owuor,   George; Wanyama,   Japheter.
This study analyses the impact of the liberalization on the intensification of maize production in Kenya. It first analyses the impact of liberalization on input and output prices, followed by an analysis of farmer practices comparing two major farmer surveys, from 1992 and 2002. The results show that liberalization has had a general positive impact on the evolution of prices, with a decrease of input/output price ratios. However, fluctuations of maize prices has become very high and, combined with a decrease of marketing by the marketing board, has increased the uncertainty in maize production. The liberalization has also resulted in a decrease in extension services. Fortunately, farmers have an increased access to credit services. The combined effect of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Liberalization; Intensification; Adoption; Maize; Africa; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25419

AN AFRICAN GROWTH TRAP: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND THE TIME-CONSISTENCY OF AGRICULTURAL TAXATION, R&amp;D AND INVESTMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McMillan,   Margaret S.; Masters,   William A.
Why do so many African governments consistently impose high tax rates and make little investment in productive public goods, when alternative policies could yield greater tax revenues and higher national income?  We posit and test an intertemporal political economy model in which the government sets tax and R&amp;D levels while investors respond with production.  Equilibrium policy and growth rates depend on initial cost structure.  We find that in many (but not all) African countries, low tax/high investment regimes would be time-inconsistent, primarily because production technology requires relatively large sunk costs.  For pro-growth policies to become sustainable, commitment mechanisms or new production techniques would be needed.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11839

EXPORT ENHANCEMENT STRATEGIES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM RURAL AND AGRICULTURAL FIRMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saxowsky,   David M.; Krause,   Joyce Hall; Gustafson,   Cole R.
Literature reports that small and medium firms face greater difficulty in obtaining the necessary export market information and in obtaining financing than do larger firms. Accordingly, the United States has many export promotion and enhancement services, but there is little documentation on the impacts of these services on small and medium rural and agricultural firms.  The objectives of this project were to 1) analyze the export assistance needs of small and medium rural and agricultural firms operating in the Northern Plains region at different stages of the export or internationalization process, 2) identify available export assistance and promotion services offered at the federal and state levels to meet the needs of these firms, and 3) identify...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export; Rural; Agriculture; Export assistance; Northern Plains; Government; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23307

PATTERNS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Craig,   Barbara J.; Pardey,   Philip G.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14297

PROGRESS AND PROBLEMS IN PROMOTING HIGH EXTERNAL-INPUT TECHNOLOGIES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: THE SASAKAWA GLOBAL 2000 EXPERIENCE IN ETHIOPIA AND MOZAMBIQUE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Howard,   Julie A.; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Maredia,   Mywish K.; Stepanek,   Julie; Crawford,   Eric W.
Critics argue that high external input technologies are too costly for African farmers, and that pilot programs to promote them are economically unsustainable.  This paper assesses Sasakawa-Global 2000 programs in Ethiopia and Mozambique; budgets, yield models and subsector analysis help explain the radically different country results and prognoses for sustainable adoption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Sub-Saharan Africa; Sasakawa-Global 2000; Maize; Fertilizer; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O002; O003.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21570

The Maize Green Revolution in Kenya Revisited
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: De Groote,   Hugo; Owuor,   George; Doss,   Cheryl R.; Ouma,   James Okuro; Muhammad,   Lutta; Danda,   Milton Kengo.
The maize green revolution, which increased maize yields through the use of improved varieties and fertilizer, has stalled since the mid-eighties in Kenya. This paper examines whether the stagnation of yields continued in the 1990s in spite of the implementation of the maize liberalization policies by the Kenya Government. Analysis of farm level surveys from 1992 and 2002 indicates slight increases in the use of improved maize varieties and fertilizer, but a substantial decrease in the intensity of fertilizer use. The econometric analysis suggests that the intensity of fertilizer use has a major effect on yield. The use of improved maize varieties, however, did not affect yield, suggesting that there are local varieties for some areas that do as well as...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Green revolution; Maize; Adoption; Soil fertility; Kenya; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110143

Prospects for Uganda's Dairy Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.; Combs,   David K.
The East African country of Uganda might not be thought of as the location of a viable, growing dairy industry. However, Uganda recorded a threefold increase in milk production from 1991 to 2004. While Uganda's dairy industry faces important challenges, the industry possesses advantages that can lead to further increases in milk production if additional, profitable markets can be found for Uganda's milk and dairy products. A major advantage possessed by Uganda's dairy industry is a favorable climate for milk production. Uganda's farmers also have demonstrated a willingness to accept new technologies that can increase milk production. The biggest challenges facing the industry are those associated with poor milk quality and pronounced seasonality of milk...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Uganda Dairy Industry; Uganda's Political and Economic Environment; Pasture-Based Dairy Industry; Poor Milk Quality; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37492

The Economic Value of Education in Agricultural Production: A Switching Regression Analysis of Selected East Asian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huang,   Fung-Mey; Luh,   Yir-Hueih.
The emphasis of education as a driving force for the growth of agricultural productivity can be dated back to the early 1960s. However, most empirical work failed to take into account of the fact that production technology changes with time and consequently obscure the true contribution of education in agricultural production. This study presents a more efficient version to testing the hypothesis that education plays a key role in agricultural development using a switching regression model. Because farmers’ ability to deal with disequilibria is allowed to change with education in the present setting, a concrete evidence of the key role of education is provided in the empirical analysis of eight East Asian countries. The results suggest that there exists a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: East Asian agricultural growth; Education; Switching regression; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; O47; O57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50928

COLLECTIVE ACTION AND PROPERTY RIGHTS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: OVERVIEW
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meinzen-Dick,   Ruth Suseela; di Gregorio,   Monica.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16565

The Impact of Agricultural Technology in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Synthesis of Symposium Findings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oehmke,   James F.; Crawford,   Eric W.
The Symposium on the Impact of Technology on Agricultural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa funded by AID/AFR/ARTS and AID/RD/EID under the Michigan State University Food Security Cooperative Agreements, was held in Washington, D.C., Oct. 14-16, 1992. A primary purpose of the symposium was to present evidence which would either confirm or contradict the perception that the accomplishments of TDT were insufficient to justify continued funding. A secondary objective was to consider the adequacy of available analytical tools for impact assessment. The rate of return (ROR) is the most commonly used valuative measure of investments in technology development and transfer. Examined as a group, the estimated RORs support the proposition that African...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 18.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54058

The Impact of Trade Costs on Firm Entry, Exporting, and Survival in Korea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Sooil; Reimer,   Jeffrey J.; Gopinath,   Munisamy.
This study uses a unique firm-level dataset to examine how falling trade costs from 1993-2001 affected entry, exit, productivity, and exporting in the Korean manufacturing sector.  We verify many of the predictions of recent heterogeneous-firm models of international trade.  For example, falling trade costs reduced entry by new Korean firms, increased their probability of exit, and reduced the market share of surviving firms.  We also find that small firms had a particularly high level of dynamism over the sample period.  Small firms were more likely to enter and exit, and marginally more likely to gain market share, enter export markets for the first time, and improve their productivity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Employment; Exit; Exports; Firm deaths; Survival; Trade costs; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; F10; D24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49185

Agricultural Marketing and Agribusiness Supply Chain Issues in Developing Economies:  The Case of Fresh Produce in Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Sandra; Jagadish,   Ayyamani.
Large quantities of fresh produce can be grown in the Highlands provinces of Papua New Guinea, and this produce is then marketed to a range of markets, including the coastal cities of Port Moresby and Lae. However, it is often argued that the marketing system performs poorly, and various reasons for this are cited. In this paper, the results of a study on the marketing of smallholder produce originating in the Highlands provinces and destined for a range of markets, including the coastal cities, are presented. A defensible supply chain framework is used to evaluate a range of marketing issues and to evaluate the performance of the marketing system. The results of the study are refreshingly positive. It was found that the marketing system was remarkably...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness Supply Chain Framework; Agricultural Marketing; Papua New Guinea; Developing Economies; Industrial Organization; International Development; Marketing; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31956

SELLING EXPERT KNOWLEDGE: THE ROLE OF CONSULTANTS IN SINGAPORE'S NEW ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Evers,   Hans-Dieter; Menkhoff,   Thomas.
In the emerging globalised knowledge society/economy, a group of professionals, namely experts and consultants gain in importance. The paper discusses the following issues: Who are these experts and consultants? Why is this group of knowledge workers strategically important and why is their importance – socially in terms of number of persons and economically in terms of output or turnover – growing? How can we explain the increasing professionalisation of consultants? How do they gain their expertise and which role does academic knowledge play in professional attainment? How do consultants package and apply expert knowledge? What are the challenges experts and consultants are facing in the new economy? Data from a survey of local consultancy firms are used...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18727

WORLD FINANCIAL SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF CRISIS AND PROSPECTS OF CREATION THE NEW RESERVE CURRENCIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pavlova,   Maria.
Credit crunch started with US subprime mortgage crisis spread to other parts of the world.  Countries across the world call for reforms in international financial system. The author considers that financial crises catalyzes international tendencies to create regional currencies. Also, paper concludes that for Russian Ruble to become a regional currency much efforts need to be done in terms of increasing country’s attractiveness for  foreign investors.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: World currency system; Financial crisis; Reserve currency; Regional currency; Inflation; New currency creation; International Development; F33; F53; G01.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94547

Designing Contracts for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cordero Salas,   Paula.
Reduction of carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) has been identified as a cost effective element of the post-Kyoto strategy to achieve long-term climate objectives. The success of REDD depends primarily on the design and implementation of a financial mechanism that provides land-holders sufficient incentives to participate in a REDD scheme. This paper proposes relational contracting as a more appropriate framework for analyzing proposed REDD incentive regimes rather than that of complete contracting enforcement because relational contracting relies upon mutual self-enforcement in a repeated transaction framework, which better suits the stylized facts of REDD. We characterize the optimal REDD relational contract and provide the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Incomplete enforcement; Carbon sequestration; Climate change; Institutions; Development.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Land Economics/Use; D86; K12; L14; O12; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61129

What are the social impacts of land use restrictions on local communities? Empirical evidence from Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Andam,   Kwaw S.; Ferraro,   Paul J.; Holland,   Margaret B.
Global efforts to reduce deforestation rely heavily on protected areas and land use restrictions.  The effect of these restrictions on local communities is currently the subject of heated debate among conservation and development experts.  Measuring the social impacts of protected areas is difficult because the effects cannot be isolated from other factors, given the nonrandom placement of protection.  We address this problem by applying a quasi-experimental approach to establish the counterfactual (“what would have been the socioeconomic outcome if a protected area had not been established?”).  We use matching methods to measure the impacts of pre-1980 protected areas in Costa Rica on socioeconomic outcomes in 2000.  In 2000, neighboring communities near...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Forest conservation; Social impacts; Quasi-experimental methods; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C14; O13; Q23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51783

Why market institutions disfavor smallholder farmers’ compliance with international food safety standards: Evidence from Kenya, Zambia and Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,   Julius Juma; Narrod,   Clare A.; Roy,   Devesh.
This paper examines the high value chains (HVC) for green bean exports from Africa to identify the critical points at which exporters exercise great caution in preventing produce contamination with pathogens and pesticide residues. It then examines the control points that pose greatest threat to continued participation of smallholder farmers in the HVC and discusses the strategies African countries have used to maintain smallholder farmers in the green bean HVC. The paper identifies six critical control points. Among these, smallholders are most threatened with exclusion from HVC at two control points. At those points the farmer must make costly lumpy investments to meet the standards. To overcome the likelihood of smallholders being excluded from HVC at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholder farmers; International food safety standards; Critical control points; Exclusion; Green beans; Africa; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51900

Investment, Subsidies, and Pro-Poor Growth in Rural India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Gulati,   Ashok; Thorat,   Sukhadeo.
This paper reviews the trends in government subsidies and investments in and for Indian agriculture; develops a conceptual framework and model to assess the impact of various subsidies and investments on agricultural growth and poverty reduction; and, presents several reform options with regard to reprioritizing government spending and improving institutions and governance. There are three major findings. First, initial subsidies in credit, fertilizer, and irrigation have been crucial for small farmers to adopt new technologies. Small farms are often losers in the initial adoption stage of a new technology since prices of the agricultural products are typically being pushed down by greater supply of products from large farms, which adopted the new...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural poverty; Agricultural growth; Investment; Subsidies; India; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42397

DEPENDENCY THEORY AND DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS:  AN ASSESSMENT OF SAMIR AMIN'S VIEWS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wone,   Elhadji Amadou.
Dependency and neo-Marxist theorists have exerted a substantial impact upon development economics.  Western development analysts are becoming more aware of the important role that social groups and their political struggles play in the development process.  However, controversy over some key issues of world development rages between the neo-Marxist and dependency theorists and neoclassical economists.  A chief element in this controversy is a conviction among dependency theorists that development in backward areas is related through the international market to the developed countries and is "blocked" because of its integration into the world capitalist system.  Moreover, this integration is hypothesized to lead to the underdevelopment of Third World...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11132

Globalization of innovation activity by transnational corporations: and its importance in the present economic crisis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zorska,   Anna.
The research aims to investigate the process of globalizing innovation activity conducted by transnational corporations (TNCs), in a wider context of economic changes outside and inside companies. The process has been triggered by decentralization and internationalization of R&amp;D, “creative transition” of foreign subsidiaries as well as implementing research networks and  the open innovation model of TNCs’ innovation activity. Under the present economic crisis some slowdown and reorientation of innovation programs are implemented in order to reduce their costs and increase effectiveness. The globalization of corporate innovation activity can contribute to reaching some of  TNCs’ goals both under the present crisis and the future revival of the world...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Innovations; Economic crisis; TNC.; International Development; D21; F23; L22; O32.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94610

ECONOMIC SITUATION OF MOLDAVIANS FARM ENTERPRISES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cimpoies,   Dragos; Schulze,   Eberhard.
The given Discussion Paper represents the results of a questionnaire, conducted in 2003, on basic economic questions in 104 Moldavian farm enterprises. The received results continue the cycle of research activities concerning the privatization and restructuring of farm enterprises in different countries of Central and Eastern Europe, are written on a similar structure, allowing to carry out a comparative analysis between the countries of the region. To some extent, the given paper can be regarded as a continuation of the Discussion Paper 60. As the base for the analysis "the standardized questionnaire" has been put forward, developed by IAMO, being advanced and adapted by the authors to local conditions. Study of the activity of farm enterprises of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consolidation; Land lease; Production factors; Buy-sell; Work force; Legal forms; Moldova; Konsolidierung; Verpachtung; Produktionsfaktoren; Kauf und Verkauf; Arbeitskräfte; Rechtsformen; Консолидация; Аренда; Производственные ресурсы; Купля-продажа; Трудовые ресурсы; Организационно-правовые формы; Молдова.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; С 81; Q12; D25; O1; O4; P3.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92020

NAREA Awards
Provedor de dados: 31
NAREA Outstanding Master's Thesis Award, NAREA Master's Thesis Award of Merit, NAREA Distinguished Member Awards, NAREA Award for Outstanding Public Service Through Economics, and NAREA's Journal Article of the Year for 2008
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55555

A HISTÓRICA CONCEPÇÃO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO FRENTE ÀS IDENTIDADES REGIONAIS: O CASO DO RINCÃO DOS MENDES NO MUNICÍPIO DE ROSÁRIO DO SUL/RS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rozalino,   Luciano; Brito,   Andreia Nunes Sa; Neumann,   Pedro Selvino; Silveira,   Paulo Roberto Cardoso da; Genro,   Cicero Joao Malmann.
O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o enfoque convencional de  desenvolvimento da região denominada de Metade Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, tomando como referência uma comunidade situada na APA do Ibirapuitã, no município de Rosário do Sul. As abordagens atuais, apoiadas em indicadores como PIB per capta, Valor Adicionado Fiscal e geração de postos de trabalho, consideram a região como pouco desenvolvida. Entre as estratégias utilizadas para reversão desse quadro destacam-se a expansão das modernas lavouras empresarias de arroz e soja e o fomento aos empreendimentos no ramo florestal. Assim, a pergunta central desse artigo é sobre a capacidade dessas estratégias em promover verdadeiramente o “desenvolvimento” da metade sul do RS. O estudo destaca os...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento; Metade sul do RS; Identidade Territorial; Development; Southern half of the RS; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114161

China Agriculture Policy Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deng,   Hugh; Kwiecinski,   Andrzej.
Senior food and agriculture officials from China and OECD countries met in Paris for discussions on domestic and trade policy issues in June 2005. The meeting assessed the challenges facing the agriculture and agri-food sectors of China as an increasingly important player in the global trading system. Ongoing dialogue with China on agricultural policy issues and its future directions will foster a better understanding of global challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. This policy note provides a preview of key findings of the country review to be published soon.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: OECD; Global economy; Trade policy issues; Reforms; Economic policies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52066

Liquid bio-fuels in Hungary: effects and contradictions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bai,   Attila.
The increase of living standard requires ever more energy, despite energy saving measures. Domestic growth was 100 PJ between 2000 and 2006, and 77% of the total utilization was imported (Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 2008). Sustainability was endangered not only in our energy and commerce policy. Our domestic natural conditions are suitable for plant production; however, the stagnation of the domestic population and decreasing livestock numbers restrict inland marketing. Therefore, significant surpluses from year to year had to be stored and sold abroad, and the fact that the interventional purchase of corn and the expected stringent new EU regulation of the sugar beet sector, make the strategic significance of these branches uncertain. The...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48341

The Clean Development Mechanism and its Controversies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Liu,   Xuemei.
The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has been proposed as a means of reducing the costs of abating greenhouse gasses, and for assisting developing countries. Although the CDM offers apparent environmental benefits, in addition to benefiting both investors and developing country hosts, it has generated considerable controversy. We review and evaluate the arguments surrounding the CDM and we provide new empirical evidence concerning its potential benefits.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6250

Role of agriculture in the livelihoods of farm households in Tibet
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Colin G.; Waldron,   Scott A.
In its ongoing efforts to identify more socially inclusive forms of development that target households in rural areas of Tibet, the Chinese central government has begun to focus more attention and resources on agricultural modernisation and development. Although agriculture continues to play a pivotal role in rural areas of Tibet, the nature of agriculture and rural society is changing.3 This paper first highlights some of the macro‐level changes that are occurring and some of the underlying drivers behind these changes. It then describes a model used to understand farm household systems at a micro‐level for the main agricultural areas of the Yalong river and its tributaries . The models explore the impact of agricultural innovations and changing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100729

An Analysis of Food Grain Consumption in Urban Jiangsu Province of China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zheng,   Zhihao; Henneberry,   Shida Rastegari.
The impacts of economic and demographic variables on the demand for food grain commodities in urban Jiangsu province of China are estimated, using both the QUAIDS and the AIDS models. Results show that the demands for wheat flour and coarse grains are price-elastic while the demands for rice and grain products are price-inelastic. Certain demographic variables show as having a significant impact on food grain demand. Finally, a decomposition of causes of changes in rice consumption over the period of 1995–2007 is performed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: AIDS model; China food grain demand; China urban household demand; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Production Economics; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D12; Q18; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90677

The Impact of Agricultural Technology Adoption on Poverty: The case of NERICA rice varieties in Benin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adekambi,   Souleimane Adeyemi; Diagne,   Aliou; Simtowe,   Franklin; Biaou,   Gauthier.
This study examines the relationship between agricultural technology adoption and poverty with a focus on New Rice varieties for Africa (NERICA). The NERICAs  are a group of rice varieties developed by the Africa Rice Centre during the 1990s, resulting from the inter-specific crosses between the Oryza sativa high yielding rice species from Asia and the locally adapted and multiple-stress resistant Oryza glaberrima African rice species. They are believed to provide great hope for African agriculture. Introduced in Benin in 1998, there has been no published analysis on the impact of their adoption by farmers.  The paper uses the counterfactual outcomes framework of modern evaluation theory to estimate the Local Average Treatment Effect (LATE) of NERICA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: NERICA; Poverty; Agricultural technology; Impact assessment; Local Average Treatment Effect; Benin; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C210; Q160; I390.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51645

Free Trade Agreements and The Doha Round of WTO Negotiations -- Implications for the U.S. Dairy Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
This paper updates findings on the impact to the U.S. dairy industry of international trade talks and free trade agreements with regard to foreign access to U.S. dairy markets and U.S. farm milk prices.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Free Trade Agreements; WTO Negotiations; Doha; U.S. Dairy Industry; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37464

Effects of Trade Liberalization on Agriculture in Vietnam: Institutional and Structural Aspects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Que,   Nguyen Trung.
This book analyzes institutional and structural aspects of the effects of trade liberalization on agriculture in Vietnam. The study stresses the analysis of trade-related policies, commercial expansion of agriculture, performance in international trade. It discusses such commodities as rice, coffee, rubber, tea, cashew nut and groundnut. This book gives readers a general view of trade liberalization in Vietnam.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Trade; Agricultural products; Production; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32676

Loan Allocation within Group Lending: New Evidence From  Self-Help Group Program in South India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goto,   Jun.
Poster prepared for presentation at the Agricultural &amp; Applied Economics Association 2010 AAEA,CAES, &amp; WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, July 25-27, 2010.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; SHG; Credit rationing; India; Agricultural Finance; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61287

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN RURAL UGANDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Zhang,   Xiaobo; Rao,   Neetha.
Using district-level data for 1992, 1995, and 1999, the study estimated effects of different types of government expenditure on agricultural growth and rural poverty in Uganda. The results reveal that government spending on agricultural research and extension improved agricultural production substantially. This type of expenditure had the largest measured returns to growth in agricultural production. Agricultural research and extension spending also has the largest assessed impact on poverty reduction. Government spending on rural roads also had substantial marginal impact on rural poverty reduction. The impact of low-grade roads such as feeder roads is larger than that of high-grade roads such as murram and tarmac roads. Education's effects rank after...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Monitoring development outcomes; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60317

Economic Assessment of Selected Resource Management Techniques in Marginal Upland Agriculture: Integrated Report and Proceedings of a Workshop, held in Seoul, Korea, May 20-22, 1998
Provedor de dados: 31
Economic Assessment of Selected Resource Management Techniques in Marginal Upland Agriculture, by Min-Jae Kim; Message of the Executive Secretary, United Nation Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, by Adrianus Moo; Opening Statement, by Sangwoo Park Opening Statement, by Haruo Inagaki; Opening Statement, by Kyuyong Suh; Current Status and Future Tasks in Marginal Upland Agriculture, by Sangwoo Park; Economic Assessment of Selected Management Practices for Efficient Use of Saline-Sodic Water in Arid and Semiarid Subtropical India, by Mahander Singh; Irrigated Ecosystem in India - Sustainability Issues, by R. L. Yadav; Economic Assessment of Selected Resource Management Techniques in Marginal Upland Agriculture of Mawlasnai, Meghalaya;...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Marginal farms; Upland areas; Resource management; Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32736

Agri-food business: Global challenges – Innovative solutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinnen,   Johan F.M.; Vandemartele,   Thijs; Hirschauer,   Norbert; Gaetano,   Martino; Nijhoff-Savvaki,   Rannia; Trienekens,   Jacques H.; Omta,   S.W.F. (Onno); Bachev,   Hrabrin Ianouchev; Bezat-Jarzębowska,   Agnieszka; Jarzebowski,   Sebastian; Paus,   Marguerite; Singh,   Dheeraj; Prahalad,   V.C.; Wangshu,   Lobsang; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Ferto,   Imre; Havas,   Attila; Ehlers,   Melf-Hinrich; Bojnec,   Stefan; Ferto,   Imre; Levkovych,   Inna; Toth,   Aniko; Forgacs,   Csaba.
The rise of a western-style middle class in many successful emerging economies like China currently is inducing deep structural changes on agricultural world markets and within the global agri-food business. As a result of both higher incomes and concerns over product safety and quality the global demand for high-quality and safe food products is increasing significantly. In order to meet the new required quality, globally minimum quality standards are rising and private standards emerging. All over the world these developments cause adjustments at the enterprise, chain and market levels. At the same time, the tremendously increasing demand for renewable energy has led to the emergence of a highly promising market for biomass production. This has...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92317

DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION: DO INSTITUTIONS MATTER? A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF LOCAL INSTITUTIONS IN RURAL INDIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gandhi,   Vasant P.; Marsh,   Robin.
The paper examines the impact of local institutions on development and poverty in the rural areas of India. Recent research on the role of institutions on the path of economic development indicates the importance of both "macro" and "micro" institutions including local institutions. The study finds a large number of both formal and informal local institutions in the surveyed villages, and a substantial degree of interaction of the households with the institutions. These include both formal institutions such as service cooperatives and dairy cooperatives, as well as informal institutions such as savings groups, community associations and labour groups. The study finds that apart from the standard factors included such as land, capital and labour, the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Development; Poverty reduction; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25928

Do Limitations in Land Rights Transferability Influence Low Mobility Rates in Ethiopia?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Brauw,   Alan; Mueller,   Valerie.
Migration is considered a pathway out of poverty for many rural households in developing countries. National policies can discourage households from exploiting external employment opportunities through the distortion of capital markets. Studies in China show that the presence of state and collectively owned land creates inefficiencies in the labor market.  We examine the extent restrictions on land rights impede mobility in Ethiopia, having the lowest urbanization rate in sub-Saharan Africa. The empirical estimates support a robust positive effect from increasing the transferability of land rights on migration. Our findings are suggestive that the nascent land certification and registration programs in regions of Ethiopia may potentially promote poverty...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60958

Pathways of development in the hillsides of Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Scherr,   Sara J.; Duron,   Guadalupe.
"May 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-46). Published, in 2000, under same title, in D.R. Lee and C.B. Barrett, eds., Tradeoffs or Synergies? Agricultural Intensification, Economic Development and the Environment.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Natural resources; Poverty; Technical assistance; Agricultural development; Honduras; Land management; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97465

The Trees and the Bees: Using Enforcement and Income Projects to Protect Forests and Rural Livelihoods Through Spatial Joint Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Albers,   Heidi J.; Robinson,   Elizabeth J.Z.
Forest managers in developing countries enforce extraction restrictions to limit forest degradation. In response, villagers may displace some of their extraction to other forests, which generates “leakage” of degradation. Managers also implement poverty alleviation projects to compensate for lost resource access or to induce conservation. We develop a model of spatial joint production of bees and fuelwood that is based on forest-compatible projects such as beekeeping in Thailand, Tanzania, and Mexico. We demonstrate that managers can better determine the amount and pattern of degradation by choosing the location of both enforcement and the forest-based activity.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Leakage; Spatial; NTFPs; Forest conservation; Livelihoods; Forest degradation; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120271

Supermarkets, Farm Assets, and Technology Choices: a Duration Analysis of Horticultural Growers in Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez,   Ricardo; Reardon,   Thomas; Perez,   Francisco Jose; Wiegel,   Jennifer.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Nicaragua; Horticulture; Small Farmers; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103883

Ad Valorem Equivalent in the WTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babili,   Mahmoud.
How can Syria benefit from converting specific tariffs into AVEs?
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ad valorem; WTO; Multilateral negotiations; Syria; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48586

Food Security in Africa: An Agriculturalist’s Perception
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paterson,   A.G.
The level of food security in Africa is mainly dependent on climate, poverty, national security, infrastructure and efficiency of production. Efforts at improving food security have been aimed at providing food aid which has been a disincentive to commercial producers and detracted from, the real need for their development. Aid in the form of cash to the destitute will be a far great incentive to local development, production and consequently food security. The role of commercial producers in food security has been underplayed and will contribute the major input to the three dimensions of food security, namely food supply at national and local levels, stability in supply and providing physical and economic access to food. Efforts by government who have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6954

Raw wool production and marketing in China: ACIAR project 8811
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watson,   Alistair S.
This evaluation and economic assessment is of a project funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) aimed at improving economic knowledge of the Chinese wool industry. The project was carried out jointly by Australian agricultural economists at the Universities of Queensland and Sydney and their Chinese colleagues attached to the Institute of Agricultural Economics within the Chinese Academy of the Agricultural Sciences and the Institute of Rural Development within the Chinese Academy of the Social Sciences. The research has concentrated on understanding the supply side of the Chinese wool industry and links between wool production and the marketing system within China. However, the research has consequences for Chinese...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Wool; China; Production; Trade; Australia; Industry; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47193

Greenhouse emissions and economic recessions: Did industrial economies “Stay Cool” during the 1930s economic crisis?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giedraitis,   Vincentas Rolandas; Girdenas,   Sarunas; Rovas,   Adomas.
In this historical economic interdisciplinary research we investigate the impact of the 1930s economic crisis and their relationship to global warming. We investigate two consecutive hegemonic powers: the United Kingdom and the United States. Our assumption was that a reduction in demand would lead to a decrease in mean global temperatures during depressions. We find that in fact reduced carbon dioxide in the atmosphere resulting from lowered production does not result in cooling temperatures.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Historical economic sociology; Kondratiev wave theory; World-systems analysis; Economic crises; Global climate change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; International Development; B23; B52; N50; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95939

The Role of Agriculture in the Development Process: Recent Experiences from Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Asuming-Brempong,   Samuel.
Economic policies have had important implications for the role of agriculture in the socio-economic development of Ghana because of agriculture’s dominance of the economy. The performance of the agricultural sector has generally directed the overall economic performance since independence. The policy of market deregulation in Ghana, including agricultural markets, has not achieved the expected results due to many constraints, the key of which are institutional failures and the slow response of the private sector to take up the agricultural input markets. These have been compounded by the rain-fed agriculture that is predominant in Ghana, such that bad rainfall years have been characterized by low harvests of staple food crops and high food prices, and vice...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9527

EXPORTS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH UNDER STRUCTURAL CHANGE: A CO-INTEGRATION ANALYSIS OF EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khalafalla,   Khalid Yousif; Webb,   Alan J.
A number of studies have tried to establish a causal link between export expansion and economic growth. Empirical studies of the relationship have pursued two different approaches-one set has used inter-country statistical comparisons and the second set has focused on the economic performance of individual countries. Our contribution to the work is to recognize that structural changes will, over time, change the sources of growth and this will affect the export-growth relationship. We use country case study approach focusing on Malaysia, a country with one of the world's highest sustained growth rates over the past 3 decades.  Malaysia has also had a long history of commodity trade but has been successful, in the last 2 decades in diversifying and shifting...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14595

Spatial Structural Change - Evidence and Prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bade,   Franz-Josef; Niebuhr,   Annekatrin; Schonert,   Matthias.
Main topics of the following analysis are the development of spatial structure and the question whether the economic disparities between agglomerations and peripheral areas will con- or diverge. Frequently, economic disparities are measured by per capita income. Because of the relationship between income growth and employment change, a separate analysis of both quantitative components seems to be more appropriate. Furthermore, to reduce the uncertainty concerning the future development of regional disparities human capital - owing to its decisive importance for economic and technological competitiveness - is considered as well. Consequently this study of regional disparities is based on the analysis of time-series for several indicators from 1976 to 1996....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; O18; R11.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26157

Consumption Growth in a Booming Economy: Taiwan 1976-96
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McKenzie,   David.
Consumption and income have both grown rapidly in Taiwan over the past forty years, with younger birth cohorts experiencing faster growth. The long upward trend in consumption presents a strong challenge to the consumption smoothing predictions of the Permanent Income Hypothesis. We investigate the extent to which consumption theory can account for this trend in an environment where a large majority of households have high savings rates. Household survey data from 1976-96 are used to estimate dynamic pseudo-panel models with inter-cohort heterogeneity. We evaluate the impacts on consumption of migration, mortality, household composition, liquidity constraints, unanticipated aggregate shocks, hyperbolic discounting, habit formation and precautionary saving....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumption growth; Pseudo-panel; Prudence; Taiwan; International Development; O12; O16; E21; C23.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28398

The Resource Misallocation Costs of Equalisation - Again
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Godden,   David P.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10316

Sulphur test KCl-40 and growth of the Australian canola industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Two Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) projects in the mid-1980s (Projects 8328 and 8804) funded research at the University of New England to help better understand and improve phosphorus and sulfur management in tropical agricultural systems. As tropical agriculture expands into more marginal land and production systems intensify, the demands for soil phosphorus and sulfur increase.  Major outcomes of the research were a better understanding of the nutrient dynamics in South-East Asia and the development of a new and more reliable soil test for available sulfur. The new test (KCl-40) more accurately measured the sulfur available to plants, as it was able to measure the sulfur held within organic matter. A spin-off from the...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Sulfur; Canola; Australia; Soil; Phosphorus; Nutrient dynamics; South-east Asia; KCl; Livestock; Economic evaluation; Yield; NSW; WA; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47501

Eight Years of Doha Trade Talks: Where Do We Stand?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bouet,   Antoine; Laborde,   David.
In 2001 the World Trade Organization launched a highly ambitious program of multilateral liberalization. Eight years later, concluding the negotiations is uncertain, though an opportunity still exists. Since 2001, many proposals on market access have been brought to the negotiating table by the European Union, the United States, and the G20. Because it is politically and economically acceptable to many parties, the final December 2008 package could be the basis of an agreement. An evaluation of these various proposals shows how trade negotiations have been following countries’ strategic interests. In eight years, the ambition of the formula in agricultural market access tariff reduction has increased, but additional flexibilities designed to accommodate...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Computable general equilibrium modeling; Least developed countries; Trade negotiations; Financial Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93256

Policy Space for Mexican Maize: Protecting Agro-biodiversity by Promoting Rural Livelihoods
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wise,   Timothy A.
Since the introduction of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, traditional maize farmers in Mexico have faced difficult economic conditions. In barely more than a decade, as many as one million farmers may have abandoned their land under economic pressure from rising imports, low prices for maize and other traditional crops, weak local and regional demand, and large reductions in public sector support for agriculture. The losses are environmental as well as economic. With the loss of traditional maize, there has been a documented loss of the agricultural biodiversity of which these farmers and their ancestors have been stewards for centuries. With maize trade scheduled to be fully liberalized under NAFTA in 2008, many farm groups are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37278

Adoption of Improved Maize and Common Bean Varieties in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopes,   Helder.
Household adoption of new agricultural technologies, including improved maize and bean varieties in Mozambique, is still relatively low. As a result, the average maize and common bean production remains low. This study identifies factors that are associated with households’ adoption of improved maize and bean varieties, using Trabalho de Inquérito Agrícola (TIA) 2007 data and the probit model to estimate the likelihood of household adoption of improved varieties of maize and common beans at both the national and regional levels. At the national level, the results indicate that household head’s education, access to extension services and credit are associated with the household’s adoption decision. However, association membership is negatively associated...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97838

Encourager la transformation de l'agriculture et des systèmes alimentaires en Afrique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Ba,   Moussa Batchily.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 7.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11300

WESTERN ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS SURVEY: MARCH, 2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brisbois,   Jason; Emter,   Nicholas A.; Frost,   Jean; Gibbins,   Dan; Marcil,   Jacques.
The online Western Economic Expectations survey solicits views on the future economic performance of the western provinces and the country from over 2,000 economists and financial analysts who are closest to the working details of the Western Canadian economy. The survey covers people who use economics in their work, in universities and colleges, industry associations, economic development agencies, the private sector and the public service across Western Canada. The survey is conducted through a partnership between Alberta’s two premier economic and policy research centres, the Canada West Foundation in Calgary and the Western Centre for Economic Research at the University of Alberta’s School of Business in Edmonton, It is the only survey that solicits...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Western Economy; Economic expectations; Economists; Survey; Expectations; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60405

China's Growth Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Headey,   Derek D.; Kanbur,   Ravi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51156

Agricultural Growth and Poverty Reduction: The Case of Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Soloaga,   Isidro.
Poverty levels have been diminishing in Mexico since the late 90's, although several regions still show high levels of poverty, and they are extremely high in some rural areas. This paper have addressed the issue of the linkages between sectoral growth (urban/rural) and poverty levels. It was found that although both types of growth impacted negatively on poverty levels in Mexico, rural growth seems to have a higher power in improving consumption per capita of the poorest among the poor people. Moreover, the only inter-sector linkage found was the one that connects rural growth with urban poverty for those people above the food -poverty line but below the moderate poverty line. Exploring plausible channels, we have found that rural growth enhances equality...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; O5; E2; J43.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25277

Staple food prices in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ariga,   Joshua; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Njukia,   Stephen.
Prepared for the COMESA policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58559

From Kyoto to Copenhagen: Meeting the Climate Change Challenge
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gaisford,   James D.
In spite of some superficial success in achieving its overall global target, there has been much disillusionment with the progress on climate change since the Kyoto Protocol was negotiated in 1997. The key problems in addressing GHG emissions under the Kyoto Protocol have been the incomplete coverage across countries and lack of credibility. While significantly more onerous reduction commitments should be expected and required of developed countries in the name of economic fairness, GHG emissions must also be capped effectively in developing countries.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Clean Development Mechanism; Copenhagen Accord; Greenhouse gas emissions; Kyoto Protocol; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90592

BEITRAGE DES 3. DOKTORANDENWORKSHOPS ZUR AGRARENTWICKLUNG IN MITTEL- UND OSTEUROPA 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Curtiss,   Jarmila; Petrick,   Martin; Balmann,   Alfons.
This Discussion Paper contains the contributions to be presented at the "Workshop zur Agrarentwicklung in Mittel- und Osteuropa für Doktoranden und Post-Docs" to take place at IAMO from 11 to 13 July, 2005. After last year'’s positive reception, the workshop will be held for the third time, and again enjoys a respectable number of contributions. The aim of the event is to provide young scientists with the opportunity to present and discuss their research.  The following short versions of the contributions shall not only serve as a basis for discussion during the workshop, but also offer a cross-sectional overview of current research on agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe being done by young scientists. Although a broad spectrum of issues is covered,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14936

Toward a Consumer Economy in China: Implications of Changing Wage Policies for U.S. Cotton Exports
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacDonald,   Stephen; Pan,   Suwen; Hudson,   Darren; Tuan,   Francis C.
The effect of a Chinese minimum wage increase on China’s textile market as well as on the world cotton market is evaluated. Based on a Nonlinear Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (NQAIDS) model of China’s textile demand, the results suggest that the income elasticity for textiles is around 0.6 in China, and that apparel is less price responsive than home textiles and other textile products.  Simulation results suggest that a minimum wage increase would raise Chinese domestic textile consumption and lower Chinese textile exports. Most of the decline in textile exports by China is offset by expansion in other countries’ domestic textile production and results in a slight increase in world cotton mill utilization and higher clothing prices.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nonlinear Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (NQAIDS); Cotton; Clothing; China; Trade; Industrial policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q17; Q18; R34; R21.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103615

Regional Disparities in Ghana:  Policy Options and Public Investment Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Al-Hassan,   Ramatu M.; Diao,   Xinshen.
The development pattern in Ghana is characterised by a north-south divide in which the north lags far behind the south. Ghana has achieved sustained growth and poverty reduction during the 1990s, but such growth did not benefit the three poor northern regions and the development gap has increased between the south and north. One of the most important reasons is that much of the growth has been generated by export agriculture in which northern Ghana has little contribution if any. This paper sets out to identify avenues for pro-poor growth in Ghana, focussing on agricultural opportunities, particularly in northern Ghana. Using an economywide, multimarket model and based on time series production data between 1991 and 2000 and Ghana Living Standards Survey...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ghana; Regional inequality; Poverty reduction; Agricultural growth; Economywide modeling; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42421

Rural and Urban Dynamics and Poverty: Evidence from China and India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Chan-Kang,   Connie; Mukherjee,   Anit.
The rural and urban sectors of an economy are interconnected economically, financially, and socially. Ideally, resources such as capital and labor should move freely between these two sectors. In an undistorted economy, marginal returns to production factors should be equal. As a result, labor productivity and consequently per capita income should be the same. Many have argued that there should not be any distinction between rural and urban sectors. Indeed, there has been a growing interest in the development literature on the linkages between rural and urban development (DfID 2003). However, the relationship between urban and rural sectors in many developing countries is still characterized by an economic dualism, in other words, by the coexistence of a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Urban-rural linkages; Poverty; China; India; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59598

Australian tree species selection in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McKenney,   Daniel W.
The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), through collaborative projects with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia, and the Chinese Academy of Forestry (CAF), has been involved in tree species selection trials in southern China since 1984. The trials were aimed at identifying fast-growing species of Eucalyptus, Acacia and Casuarina. The Chinese have been planting Australian tree species for more than 100 years, but before the ACIAR project there had been little progress in determining which species and provenances would be best for the local climate and soils. This paper presents an assessment of the economic impact of research undertaken under two ACIAR-supported projects....
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: China; Australia; CSIRO; Tree; Eucalyptus; Casuarina; Acacia; Plantation; Forestry; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47500

Powering Development for the Poor in India?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adholeya,   Alok.
In India, the energy sector is going to play an important role in the inclusive and holistic growth of the economy and society. Biofuels, apart from improving the energy scenario, will also have a positive effect on poor communities in rural sectors. India currently imports 70% of its oil, and this figure is estimated to touch 90% by 2030. Since India has only 0.4% of world crude oil, alternatives need to be found. Agriculture in India accounts for 43% of the total geographic area. The total estimated energy requirement of the unelectrified rural sector is about 102.6 million gigajoules(Gj). The current program of bringing 0.4 million ha of marginal land under biodiesel production would amount to producing about 42.1 million Gj from biodiesel, which can...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124494

Small Scale Manufacturing Growth in Africa: Initial Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liedholm,   Carl; Parker,   Joan Chamberlin.
This paper examines the dynamics of small-scale manufacturing enterprises in  developing countries, with emphasis on evidence from Africa. The creation, evolution, and  disappearance of firms and how these patterns vary by country, stage of development, industrial  sector, and policy environment are topics that fall within the purview of firm dynamics.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Small scale manufacturing; International Development; Downloads December 2008-June 2009: 52; Q18.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54738

Agricultural Transformation in the New Federal States of Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Philip L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50846

Innovation systems perspectives on developing-country agriculture: a critical review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.
Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. A critique of innovation systems perspectives on agricultural research in developing countries. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 41-54. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.; Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. Systems of innovation: models, methods, and future directions. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 55-66. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agricultural research; Technological innovation; Cooperation; Networks; Game theory; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59692

MACRO POLICIES AND THE FOOD SECTOR IN BANGLADESH: A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fontana,   Marzia; Wobst,   Peter; Dorosh,   Paul A.
Trade liberalization in the early 1990s in Bangladesh has enabled the private sector to respond with market-stabilizing inflows of rice and wheat following major production shortfalls. At the same time, easing of restrictions on foreign investment, combined with substantial depreciation of the Taka, have enabled exports of the labor-intensive readymade garment industry to expand significantly. Moreover, recently discovered natural gas resources might be exploited, creating new revenues for the country. A proper assessment of the impact of such policies and economic developments on the poor requires a comprehensive framework to analyze interactions between different sectors, and linkages between macro and micro levels. In this paper we develop a computable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16307

Controlling Phalaris Minor in the Indian Rice-Wheat Belt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vincent,   David P.; Quirke,   Derek.
The ACIAR-managed project CS1/1996/013, Herbicide-resistant weeds of wheat in India and Australia: integrated management, was designed to find a long-term method of control of Phalaris minor, a problem weed of the rice–wheat cropping system of north-western India. By 1993, the weed had developed resistance to isoproturon, a herbicide which had delivered effective weed control for 15 years. The short-term solution, implemented before the ACIAR project commenced, involved identification and registration of a new set of herbicides. But these new herbicides were expensive. To ensure high adoption they needed to be combined with changes in wheat-growing techniques that would provide cost savings to help farmers pay for them. And to avoid the re-emergence of...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Herbicide-resistant weeds; Wheat; Weed; India; Australia; Integrated management; Phalaris minor; Rice-wheat cropping systems; Chemical resistance; Weed management; Zero tillage; Cost saving; Net present economy; High benefits; Profitable technology; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47696

THE AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL OF SADC
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kleynhans,   Theo E.; Vink,   Nick.
Various institutions wanting to invest in agricultural production or the agribusiness sector in the SADC region need information on the quality and location of agricultural resources. Generating agricultural resource information on a regional level provides the challenge of integrating vast amounts of information from the various countries, implying storing, retrieving and manipulating it to determine areas best suited to grow a particular crop; or various crops that can be grown in a particular area. A Geographical Information System (GIS) has been developed as part of a broader project to assess the agricultural potential of SADC countries from a physical-biological-climatological point of view. Crop suitability maps obtained from the GIS containing...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54884

The impacts of thresholds on risk behavior:  What's wrong with index insurance?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Osgood,   Daniel E.; Shirley,   Kenneth E.
Almost universally, implementers of index insurance for low income households  have chosen to embed insurance with other interventions designed to  improve productivity, with the insurance used almost entirely  to make the other interventions possible.   A common example is to use the insurance to allow farmers to have  access to loans by reducing the probability of weather related defaults. A bundled loan/insurance implementation with overwhelming take-up rates  had low insurance take-up rates when researchers unbundled the package, covering  the loan default risk, so that the loans could be  available without requiring insurance.  If low income farmers are highly risk averse, why do they place so little  value on risk reducing insurance once their access...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development; D80; O12; O16; Q14.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61166

Estimating Household Income to Monitor and Evaluate Public Investment Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benin,   Samuel; Randriamamonjy,   Josee.
Monitoring rural household income is important for governments, donors, nongovernmental organizations, researchers, and others involved with development strategies, because increasing rural household income is a primary objective for achieving many development goals, including reducing poverty, hunger, and food and nutrition insecurity. However, accurate assessment of rural household income is time consuming and costly. Using an expenditure-based income measure, data on actual household expenditures per capita obtained from various national surveys for 28 Sub-Saharan African countries, this study used proxy indicators to estimate regression models and then predict and analyze changes in household income per capita between 1985 and 2006. Over the 20-year...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Household income; Monitoring and evaluation; Proxy indicators; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42319

Indian Agriculture: Changing Landscape
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gulati,   Ashok.
Tracking the revolutionary changes in the Indian agricultural sector, it is quite clear that technology, institutions, and markets have had a very important role to play. Of course the public sector played a pivotal and catalytic role when India ushered in Green Revolution in late sixties and early seventies. The public sector imported new seeds, organized their distribution and demonstration, and provided price and market support, all “not-for-profit”. The cooperative sector, supported and facilitated by the government, again with the spirit of “not- for- profit”, helped bring in the White Revolution in milk through Operation Flood in 1970s and 1980s. This spirit is now being gradually replaced by “for-profit” objective driven by the private sector, as is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53205

Corporate Governance in Developing Economies: Perspective from the Banking Sector in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reaz,   Mazrur; Arun,   Thankom G.
This paper highlights the corporate governance of financial institutions with particular reference to banking sector of Bangladesh. The importance of corporate governance of banks remains crucial given their contribution in economic growth through financial development. This paper has shed light on the structures of corporate governance of banks in Bangladesh involving their ownership structure, board issues, executive aspects, disclosure, and audit practices along with their associated weaknesses. The paper has also showed how political interference and failure by the regulators has contributed to the governance problems in the banks.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bangladesh; Banking; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30545

Farmer Associations, Decentralization and Development in Rwanda: Challenges Ahead
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bingen,   R. James; Munyankusi,   Laurent.
This paper summarizes the findings from FSRP/DSA surveys designed to identify some of  the key institutional issues surrounding the role of farmer associations in the delivery of, and  access to agricultural services. Specifically, the surveys focus on the capacity of four  actors–MINAGRI Regional and District Agents, NGOs, District Governments (the Mayors) and farmer  associations and intergroupements  to provide farmers with agricultural services that might help  in the transition from semi-subsistence to commercial agriculture. As this synthesis paper  indicates, some of these services have been provided on an irregular basis for many years  through a variety of government, NGO, donor agency and private business efforts. Moreover,  this paper highlights...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Rwanda; Farmer associations; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55351

A CES APPROACH TO THE MEASUREMENT OF INDUCED FACTOR AUGMENTATION: A TEST FOR JAPAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yeung,   Patrick; Roe,   Terry L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14278

TRENDS IN FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS AND REGULATION -- IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caswell,   Julie A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16567

Total Factor Productivity and Sources of Long-term Growth in Indian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Evenson,   Robert E.
This paper assesses total factor productivity (TFP) growth in India, examines the  sources of productivity growth, including public and private investment, and estimates the  rates of return to public investments in agriculture.  The results show that significant TFP  growth in the Indian crops sector was produced by investments -- primarily in research -- but  also in extension, markets, and irrigation.  The high rates of return, particularly to public  agricultural  research  and  extension,  indicate  that  the  Government  of  India  is  not  over  investing in agricultural research and investment, but rather that current levels of public  investment could be profitably expanded.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42821

Impact of Rural Road Improvement on High Yield Variety Technology Adoption: Evidence from Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ali,   Rubaba.
Removed at publisher's request Jan. 16, 2012
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95255

ROLNICTWO OBSZARÓW GÓRSKICH BAWARII PRZYKŁADEM DLA KARPAT POLSKICH? STUDIUM PORÓWNAWCZE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sroka,   Wojciech; Pieniadz,   Agata.
Niniejsze opracowanie przyjmuje formę analizy porównawczej i przedstawia wyniki badań opinii ekspertów na temat stanu oraz kierunków rozwoju obszarów wiejskich i rolnictwa w gminach górskich położonych na terenie Karpat Polskich i Alp Niemieckich. Badania wskazują, iż rolnictwo oraz obszary wiejskie subregionu karpackiego wkracza powoli na drogę rozwojową, którą rolnictwo subregionu alpejskiego ma już w pewnym sensie za sobą. Wydaje się, iż krótki okres stosowania WPR nie spowodował w subregionie karpackim wyraźnych zmian strukturalnych. Rolnictwo Alp Niemieckich jest lepiej dostosowane do specyficznych warunków produkcji rolniczej oraz jest w stanie zapewnić odpowiednie dochody ludności rolniczej. Świadczy o tym chociażby wyższy odsetek rodzin...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rolnictwo górskie; Perspektywy rozwoju; Wsparcie; Polska; Bawaria; Berglandwirtschaft; Entwicklungsperspektiven; Förderung; Polen; Bayern.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; International Development; O13; Q18; Q28; R11; R23.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91913

Postharvest R &amp; D concerning tropical fruits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chudleigh,   Peter D.
An economic evaluation of two Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) projects in the area of postharvest technology for tropical fruits was undertaken. This evaluation considered a 30 year time period from the first year of investment and assumed a discount rate of 5 per cent. The estimate of the net present value of the research and development investment was $93 million expressed in 1996/97 terms. The benefit–cost ratio was 38:1 and the internal rate of return estimated at 64 per cent.  If benefits realised by 1996/97 were considered, the net present value was $30 million, the benefit–cost ratio was 13:1, and the internal rate of return was 63 per cent.  Benefits accrued to both Thailand and Australia, with the proportion of...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Postharvest; Technology; Tropical fruit; Fruit; Australia; Thailand; Net present value; Mango; Longan; Durian; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47652

"This Woman's Work" in a "Man's World": A Feminist Analysis of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sciullo,   Nick J.
Published in Whittier Law Review, v.28, 2006
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm Bill; Feminism; Farm Security and Rural Investment Act; 2002; Sciullo; Law; Womyn; International agriculture; Covered commodities; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Public Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37239

Small Scale Industries in Developing Countries: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liedholm,   Carl; Mead,   Donald C.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; Downloads December 2008-July 2009: 38.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54062

Effects of rural non-farm employment on economic vulnerability and income distribution of small farms in Croatia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mollers,   Judith; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud.
Replaced with revised version of paper 10/06/09.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural non-farm employment; Rural poverty; Croatia; Income distribution; Agribusiness; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Q12; P25; O15; O18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52863

Implications of Growth in China for the U.S. and Other Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.
We investigate the effects of China's economic growth on various sectors in the United States and other countries and regions, using a multi-region Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. The results indicate that all countries and regions, except South Korea and South Asian countries, would benefit from China's rapid economic growth. The welfare gain varies significantly across the countries and regions. Hong Kong and Taiwan would benefit the most from mainland China's economic growth in terms of per capita welfare gains. U.S. bilateral trade balance with China would improve in the sectors of grain and other primary agricultural products, but it would deteriorate in the sectors of textiles and high-tech manufacturing products.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10257

Disease Outbreaks and Agricultural Trade: The Case of Potatoes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Clark,   J. Stephen; Thibodeau,   David R.; Grant,   K. Gary; Prochazkova,   Katerina.
This study analyzed the impact of PVYn and potato wart disease outbreaks in PEI on the potato industry. These disease outbreaks resulted in the loss of the US seed export market to PEI producers. The effects of the disease outbreaks were mitigated through value-added processing. Price premiums for processed potatoes allowed PEI potato producers to abandon seed exports without incurring losses. Evidence is presented to suggest that other countries have also used this approach when export restrictions were placed on domestic agricultural industries. Policy response to the two disease outbreaks include: i) development of a zones policy that helped to reopen markets into the US; and ii) financial compensation to producers above the minimum levels required...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Disease; Trade; Potatoes; Canada; Food; Safety; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43464

THE ANATOMY OF 'BALANCED' GROWTH IN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rembisz,   Wlodzimierz.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13650

Effect of infrastructure investments on total factor productivity (TFP) in Brazilian agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mendes,   Sergio Magno; Teixeira,   Erly Cardoso; Salvato,   Marcio Antonio.
Since the 1980s, the investments in infrastructure have been significantly reduced, jeopardizing Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and competitiveness of Brazilian agriculture. The Solow growth model with panel data is used to estimate TFP. An adaptation of the Zhang and Fan (2004) model for India, using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), is applied to study the effects of infrastructure investments on TFP. The lack of such investments in Brazil caused the effects to be larger and with lag periods smaller than in other countries. These investments affect TFP in the first years, and the study suggests that the return occurs in the period from zero to two years. Among the analyzed infrastructure elements, investments in roads have the greatest impact on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Infrastructure investments; TFP; Agriculture; Panel data; GMM; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50777

Fomentando a Transformacao Aricola e do Sistema Alimentar em África
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.; Ba,   Moussa Batchily.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11290

STRATEGIC TARGETING OF DEVELOPMENT POLICIES TO A COMPLEX REGION: A GIS-BASED STRATIFICATION APPLIED TO UGANDA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruecker,   Gerd Robert; Park,   Soojin; Ssali,   Henry; Pender,   John L.
It is often the case that national policies are not necessarily suitable at lower administrative levels due to the spatial complexity of natural and socio-economic resources within a country. That complexity of resources can be resolved by spatial modeling of natural and socio-economic variation. We propose a new GIS-based stratification algorithm to demarcate homogenous development domains at national level and applied that algorithm to Uganda. Based on that stratification, we assembled various spatial information to assess comparative advantages and disadvantages of these development domains for potential pathways of economic development. We expect that our stratification strategy may help policy makers and regional planners to target development...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18726

APICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT FOR LOW INCOME NATIONS:  AN EXAMINATION OF BENEFITS, COSTS, AND CONSTRAINTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Allen-Wardell,   Christy.
As low income countries throughout the world search for means to eradicate poverty and human suffering, great attention has focused on the impact that full development of a nation's natural resources can have, in the attainment of a high degree of economic independence.  In recent years, a valuable type of developmental effort has come under scrutiny, following recognition of the fact that no matter how poor the people within an area, an abundant, self-perpetuating resource exists:  the nectar and pollen of flowering plants.  Unlike other natural reserves, such as oil or minerals, neither human nor machine can efficiently collect these substances for processing and/or subsequent use.  Rather, due to the minute quantities of plant nectars and pollens at...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11053

SUCCESSES IN AFRICAN AGRICULTURE: RESULTS OF AN EXPERT SURVEY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gabre-Madhin,   Eleni Z.; Haggblade,   Steven.
Using primary data from a survey of expert opinion, this paper identifies key successes emerging in African agriculture. Among these, major commodity-specific successes identified include breakthroughs in maize breeding across Africa, sustained gains in cassava breeding and successful combat of its disease and pests, control of the rinderpest livestock disease, booming horticultural and flower exports in East and Southern Africa and increased cotton production and exports in West Africa. Using a dynamic analytical framework, the paper attempts to identify key ingredients that appear necessary for building on these individual cases and expanding them into broad-based agricultural growth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16216

Disaster Risk, Social Vulnerability and Economic Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Patrick S.; Shively,   Gerald E.
We examine the extent to which economic development reduces both a country's disaster risk and its social vulnerability to climate-related disasters.  Global climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as droughts, floods, and various types of storms.  Moreover, the effects of these extreme weather events are expected to be borne disproportionately in areas of the world already challenged by underdevelopment.  We find that the ability of economic development to reduce disaster risk depends on a country's income level; additional income becomes less effective in reducing disaster risk as countries become wealthier.  We find that, conditional on a disaster occurring, higher incomes generally reduce a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural disasters; Climate change; Economic development; Vulnerability; International Development; Political Economy; I3; Q5; O2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102984

Aflatoxin Redux: Does European Aflatoxin Regulation Hurt Groundnut Exporters from Africa?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xiong,   Bo; Beghin,   John C.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/02/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Standards; Aflatoxin; Maximum Residues Limit; Groundnut; Gravity equation; Africa; Market access; EU; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q17; F13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61314

SMEs in Argentina: Who are the Exporters
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ottaviano,   Gianmarco I.P.; Volpe Martincus,   Christian.
There exists a growing body of literature which looks at export decisions made by firms. Most studies focus on developed countries and do not explore whether different behavioral patterns prevail over the firm size distribution. This paper aims at filling this gap in the literature by analyzing the export behavior of a statistically representative sample of 192 Small and Medium-Size Enterprises (SMEs) in a developing country, Argentina, over the period 1996-1998. We find that the level of employment, sourcing from abroad, investment in product improvement and average productivity are associated with a higher probability of exporting. Training activities for employees are important to export outside of MERCOSUR.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: SME; Exports; Argentina; International Development; F10; F14; D21; L60.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55287

Constraints or Cooperation? Determinants of Secondary Forest Cover Under Shifting Cultivation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Klemick,   Heather.
This study examines the drivers of land use in a shifting cultivation system with forest fallow. Forest fallow provides on-farm soil quality benefits, local hydrological regulation, and global public goods. An optimal control model demonstrates that farmers have an incentive to fallow less than is socially optimal, though market failures limiting crop production can have a countervailing effect by encouraging fallow. An econometric model estimated using data from the Brazilian Amazon suggests that fallowing does not result from internalization of local fallow services but instead is associated with poor market access and labor and liquidity constraints.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Forest; Farms; Fallow; Ecosystem services; Land use; Spatial econometrics; Brazil; Credit; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120270

STRATEGIES OF VALUE PROPOSITION ON THE INTERNET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doltgalski, Tymoteusz.
The paper presents strategies of value proposition on the Internet. Author has distinguished and described strategies of efficiency, free values, complete customer solutions, unique values and value co-creation. These strategies are different from traditional strategies of value proposition, which refer values for customers to the level of price.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Value proposition; Values for customer; Internet; E-commerce; Online environment; Value offerings; Value co-creation; Mass customization; Freemium; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; M31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92340

The differentiated effects of food price spikes on poverty in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boysen,   Ole; Matthews,   Alan.
This paper applies an integrated CGE-microsimulation model to analyse the impact of the 2006-08 increase in commodity prices on Uganda. Previous impact analysis studies suggested that the food price shock increased poverty in Uganda as there are more net food buyer than net food seller households. We show that the agriculture commodity price shocks were poverty-reducing, but the simultaneous increases in energy and fertiliser prices were poverty-increasing. Overall, poverty decreased in Uganda as a result of external price shocks in the 2006-08 period.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food price shock; Uganda; Microsimulation; Poverty; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; O55; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122445

Food Insecurity and Its Determinants in Asia and the Pacific
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Southgate,   Douglas; Coxhead,   Ian A.
In Asian-Pacific developing countries, the prevalence of food insecurity has diminished dramatically in the past generation. Despite this, many millions continue to suffer from persistent or periodic food insecurity. The causes of food insecurity are both structural and market-related, including influences of public policy on market operations. The most vulnerable populations are those that simultaneously experience both these forms of insecurity. The places they inhabit tend to have poor-quality land, are exposed to climatic and other environmental risks, or both. These same populations either have relatively weak links with the non-food economy, in which higher wages and better income-earning opportunities make food self-sufficiency less important, or...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92221

Australia's Economic Policies in an Era of Globalisation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Outlines changes in Australian economic policies that have occurred in recent decades in response to growing economic globalisation.  It considers microeconomic reforms in Australia and changes to its industry policy (including important changes in national competition policy) its financial reforms (exchange rate and banking reforms), its liberalisation of international trade and of foreign investment, both inward and outward.  Furthermore, particular consideration is given to Australia’s policies and its lobbying in relation to The World Trade Organisation (WTO), economic regionalism, and bilateralism.  These policies provide further insights into the way that Australia has responded to growing economic globalisation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Globalisation; Industry policy; Financial reforms; International trade; Foreign investment; Financial Economics; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90534

EFFICIENCY AND EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ryan,   James G.
The green revolution in developing countries magnified concern about the efficient allocation of agricultural research resources and the distributional consequences of alternative research resource allocation and technology design strategies. These concerns are being increasingly reflected in the planning, management and research activities of the international agricultural research centres. In this paper a description is given of how economists at one centre contributed their expertise to the ex ante analysis of some key issues in this complex milieu, such as the determination of research goals and priorities, the small-large farm dichotomy or nexus, income distribution and employment effects, human nutritional considerations and farmer risk attitudes.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22437

Does Composition of Government Spending Matter to Economic Growth?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; Fan,   Shenggen; Saurkar,   Anuja.
This paper assesses the impact of the composition of government spending on economic growth in developing countries. We use a dynamic GMM model and a panel data set for 44 developing countries between 1980 and 2004. We find that the various types of government spending have different impact on economic growth. In Africa, human capital spending contributes to economic growth whereas in Asia, capital formation, agriculture and education has strong growth promoting effect. In Latin America, none of government spending items has significant impact on economic growth. Our results are robust regardless of model specifications and instruments chosen.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Government expenditure; Growth; GMM; Agricultural and Food Policy; Financial Economics; International Development; H5; O1; C232.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51684

Diversity of Communities and Economic Development: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
This paper reviews the literature on the impact of ethnic diversity on economic development. Ethnically polarized societies are less likely to agree on the provision of public goods and more likely to engage in rent seeking activities  providing lower levels of social capital. Initial conditions are important determinants of adverse development outcomes.  The role of decentralization, democracy and markets as potential remedies are discussed.  The paper then presents a number of preliminary hypotheses on the relationship between diversity and instability in order to stimulate future research.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Diversity; Economic Growth; Instability; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; O11; O40; O43; O55.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115713

STATISTICS ON INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 1998/99-2002/03
Provedor de dados: 31
Contents:  Indicators of Development Progress: Income Poverty and Population, Education, Maternal and Child Health, Communicable Diseases, Gender, Environment and Infrastructure, International Linkages, Other Economic Indicators, Aid Flows; Summary Tables: DFID External Assistance Programmes: 1978/79-2002/03 (Current Prices); DFID Programmes: 1978-79-2002/03 (Constant 2002/2003 Prices), Gross Public Expenditure on Development; Bilateral Aid by Income Group, Bilateral Aid by Region, Bilateral Aid: Top Twenty Recipient Countries; Main tables: Bilateral aid by country (summary), Bilateral aid by country (Africa), Bilateral aid by Country (America), Bilateral aid by country (Asia), Bilateral aid by Country (Europe), Bilateral aid to the Pacific, Gross public...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12885

Southcom in Haiti: Security, Provisions, and Logistical Support for the Humanitarian Assistance Effort (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thompson,   Mark.
Presented to USDA Economists Group, Washington, DC, March 22, 2010
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Haiti; Humanitarian assistance; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60087

PERSPECTIVES ON ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hardaker,   J. Brian; Anderson,   Jock R.; Dillon,   John L.
While the role of technical change in agriculture is seen differently by protagonists of different theories of development, the processes of technology generation and uptake are widely seen as progressive. In this vein, agricultural technology assessment is seen as contributing to research policy and management and also to the formulation, monitoring and evaluation of broader rural development policies and programs. A need for both farm-level and aggregate-level assessments is identified, and methods applied at each level are reviewed. At the farm level, some insights are provided by the farming systems research approach leading to recognition of a changed role for economists in farm-level impact assessment. At the aggregate level, the problems of tracing...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22436

Do the BRICs and Emerging Markets Differ in their Agrifood Trade?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haq,   Zahoor Ul; Meilke,   Karl D.
Contributed Paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference, Beijing, China, August 16-22, 2009
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Emerging economies; BRIC economies; Food trade; Income elasticities; Economic growth; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51395

Agricultural Growth and Industrial Performance in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rangarajan,   C.
In “The Role of Agriculture in Economic Development,” written nearly a quarter of a century ago, Bruce Johnston and I discussed the principal means by which agriculture could assist in transforming a traditional low-income economy in a modern high-income one. In the intervening years the literature and much of the practice of development has been dominated by either emphasis on industrialization, independent of agricultural development, or on agriculture as a provider of basic human needs, independent of commercialization and industrialization. Perhaps the time is ripe to pick up the old threads of a dynamic interaction between agriculture and industry. Those threads lead to a very specific strategy for development of agriculture itself in which...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; India; Industries; International Development.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42186

Long-run costs of piecemeal reform: wage inequality and returns to education in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Phan,   Diep; Coxhead,   Ian A.
“Shock therapy” transitions in Eastern Europe facilitated movement of skilled workers into privatized industries offering high wage premia relative to state industries. Other transitional economies (notably China and Vietnam) have been slower to relinquish control over key industries and factor markets. Some costs of this piecemeal approach are now becoming apparent. We examine the spillover of continuing capital market distortions into the market for a complementary factor, skilled labor. Using Vietnamese data we find that capital market segmentation creates a two-track market for skills, in which state sector workers earn high salaries while non-state workers face lower demand and lower compensation. Growth is reduced directly by diminished allocative...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Labor; Skills; State-owned; Inequality; Wages; Vietnam; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J31; P23; F16.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124207

FOOD SAFETY AND GM CROPS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING-COUNTRY RESEARCH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cohen,   Joel I.; Quemada,   Hector; Frederick,   Robert.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16559

The Universality of Microfinance Operations Model in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: Financial Sustainability vs. Poverty Outreach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sheremenko,   Ganna; Escalante,   Cesar L.; Florkowski,   Wojciech J.
This paper examines delinquency, profitability, and outreach determinants of microfinance institutions’ (MFIs) performance in Russia, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. The estimation is done using the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) technique. The estimation results suggest that the regions'  MFIs are profit-driven but are expected to improve outreach in the long-run.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance institution; SUR; Financial sustainability; Delinquency; Profitability; Social outreach; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; International Development; G20; G21.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123286

Evaluating the 1996 EU food aid reform:  Did it really lead to better targeting?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maas,   Sarah.
The paper analyses the 1996 EU food aid reform and addresses the question of its impact on improving EU food aid allocation in terms of reaching those countries which are most vulnerable to food insecurity. Using a two-stage regression model the analysis finds that EU food aid in kind is increasingly targeted towards developing countries affected by food insecurity. Most importantly, characteristics such as low calorie supply and balance-of-payments difficulties gained in importance in EU food aid allocation during the recent years. However, even though progress is noticeable, the results suggest a lack of coordination between the EU and other food aid donors which exacerbates food aid variability and may lower aid effectiveness.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: EU food aid; Policy reform; Political economy; Two-stage model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy; O13; Q18; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51618

KOREAN RICE, TAIWAN RICE, AND JAPANESE AGRICULTURAL STAGNATION: AN ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCE OF COLONIALISM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hayami,   Yujiro; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13503

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IN CHINESE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koo,   Won W.; Lou,   Jianqiang.
This study examined the interdependency between Chinese agricultural and industrial sectors. A dual economic model was developed to investigate the relationship between the two sectors and factors affecting Chinese economic development. The study reveals traditional inputs, such as labor, are still important to Chinese economic development. Capital investment contributed significantly to the growth of the Chinese industrial sector, but not to the agricultural sector. The results also suggest that foreign trade has made a significant contribution to Chinese economic development. It was found that the growth of the Chinese agricultural sector depends on its industrial growth, but the growth of the Chinese industrial sector does not rely on the agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Chinese economic development; Dual economy; Growth model; Agricultural sector; Industrial sector; Foreign trade; International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23176

Continuous Improvement and Innovation as an Approach to Effective Research and Development: A 'Trident' Evaluation of the Beef Profit Partnerships Project
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madzivhandila,   T.P.; Groenewald,   Izak; Griffith,   Garry R.; Fleming,   Euan M.
Effective socio-economic service delivery is vital for alleviating poverty in developing countries. Increased financial support without complementary investment in service delivery mechanisms often results in little or no impact. This paper contributes to the discussion on how to maximize the impact of agricultural R&amp;D. The case study examined is the South African Beef Profit Partnerships project that is underpinned by the Continuous Improvement and Innovation process. The evidence is presented using a ‘trident’ evaluation approach: a description and analysis of the process followed; the measurement of the outcomes achieved (impact); and the perspectives of the stakeholders involved.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Continuous Improvement and Innovation; Beef Profit Partnerships project; Socio-Economic Development; Sustainable Livelihoods; Research and Development; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6017

Developments In World Dairy Markets, 2002-2006--Implications For The U.S. Dairy Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
This discussion paper summarizes important points from other Babcock Institute discussion papers dating between 2002 and 2006.  The author pulls out points from what he feels are important discussion papers and relates them to the U.S. dairy industry.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Diary Trade Issues; Country Study Issues; Developments in the Diary Industries of Mexico Argentina and Brazil; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37384

PRODUÇÃO DE AUTOCONSUMO EM ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS: PRINCÍPIOS DA AGRICULTURA SUSTENTÁVEL E DESENVOLVIMENTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duval,   Henrique Carmona; Ferrante,   Vera Botta; Valencio,   Norma Felicidade Lopes Da Silva.
A reforma agrária faz surgir uma nova categoria social e mosaicos na paisagem, em substituição às monoculturas. Nos assentamentos rurais ocorre uma reconstrução do agricultor, que pelo resgate do seu habitus cultural produz ao menos uma parte do autoconsumo alimentar. Todavia, a fixação no território obriga o assentamento a articulações com a dinâmica rural macroenvolvente e o enreda na lógica da monocultura que, em termos históricos e paradoxalmente, foi a mesma que engendrou a desfiliação social de outrora e a necessidade de luta pela terra. Este artigo discute, em meio a esta problemática, a agricultura voltada ao autoconsumo alimentar em consideração a alguns princípios agroecológicos. Retoma-se, ao final, que com o apoio de políticas municipais...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Reforma Agrária; Autoconsumo; Agroecologia; Desenvolvimento; Agrarian Reformation; Production of Selfconsume; Agroecology; Development; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109711

The Spillover Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on Latin America
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Susanto,   Dwi; Adcock,   Flynn J.; Thevanedz,   Shad; Rosson,   C. Parr, III; Costa,   Rafael F.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61422

AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AND PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FORMER SOVIET REPUBLIC
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Kislev,   Yoav; Kriss,   Alon; Biton,   David.
The paper reviews agricultural development in the fifteen former Soviet republics over the period 1965-1997.  Production functions are estimated and productivity differences and changes calculated.  Large differences were found in terms of productivity and growth between the republics.  The differences grew after 1990 reflecting variation in reform policies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14999

Rural Development and Poverty Reduction: Is Agriculture Still Key?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anriquez,   Gustavo; Stamoulis,   Kostas G.
This paper examines the relationship between rurality and poverty, and the role the agricultural sector can play in rural development, poverty reduction, and overall development. The historical views regarding the role of the primary sector in development are presented, and then using original data, the paper argues that there was an historical misjudgment against the primary sector that served as a foundation for anti-agricultural bias in public policy until the late 80’s. Finally, this paper explains how under certain conditions territorial/regional development strategies may prosper, but in other conditions, particularly in the least-developed countries rural space, agriculture is still necessarily the starting point for rural development.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Agricultural growth; Poverty reduction; Production linkages; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10; O10; O13.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112591

Structural Change in the Colombian Coffee Sector: 1975-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saenz,   Mariana.
The purpose of the following paper is to explore different factors causing structural changes in the Colombian coffee sector. The Colombian economy is characterized by a revenue function (Dixit and Norman’s GDP function) with three quasi-fixed inputs and three outputs. The characterization of the economy by a unique production possibility frontier allows modeling of the whole economy. This approach will distinguish effects of changing relative prices, different rates and biases of technological change, and changes in relative factor endowments on the coffee sector, the manufacturing sector and the rest of the economy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coffee; Coffee sector; Colombia; Structural change; Dual analysis; Translog revenue function; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61462

LAND REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKETS IN RUSSIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Shagaida,   Natalya.
Russia has experienced dramatic changes in land ownership and land tenure since the dissolution of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991: agricultural land has been largely privatized, individual landowners now have legal rights to most agricultural land in the country, and previous prohibitions on buying and selling of land have been removed by recent laws.  The necessary preconditions for the development of agricultural land markets have been met and we are beginning to witness transactions that involve individual landowners, and not only the state.  However, further development of the embryonic land market is severely circumscribed by the inadequacy of the administrative and technical infrastructure.  In this paper we discuss the dynamically evolving...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15004

When No Law is Better than a Good Law
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattacharya,   Utpal; Daouk,   Hazem.
This paper argues, both theoretically and empirically, that sometimes no securities law may be better than a good securities law that is not enforced. The first part of the paper formalizes the sufficient conditions under which this happens for any law. The second part of the paper shows that a specific securities law - the law prohibiting insider trading - may satisfy these conditions. The third part of the paper takes this prediction to the data. We find that the cost of equity actually rises when some countries enact an insider trading law, but do not enforce it.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Insider trading; Cost of capital; Emerging markets; Securities law; Enforcement; International Development; G15; G18; K22; K42.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51184

"Sustainable" Economic Growth: The Ominous Potency of Structural Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.
This paper explores the conditions for sustainable development through two models of economic growth that elucidates two extremes; an open economy with constant prices, and a closed economy with endogenous prices. Sustainable development is easier to achieve in the case of the former than the latter. A closed economy requires a high degree of flexibility of its consumers, with an elasticity of substitution of clean goods substantially above 1 in order to achieve sustainable development. Three mechanisms have to work in tandem: the technique, composition, and growth-limit effects. In contrast, the open economy requires no flexibility on the part of its consumers and may achieve sustainable development through only one mechanism – the composition effect. For...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46592

THE IMPACT OF ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ON GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION: SIMULATIONS WITH A DYNAMIC MODEL FOR EGYPT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: El-Said,   Moataz; Lofgren,   Hans; Robinson,   Sherman.
Addressing longer-term issues of economic development in Egypt, the paper employs a dynamically recursive computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to assess the outcomes associated with two types of development approaches over the period 1998-2012. One is a targeted sector development approach, and the second is a more broad-based development approach. Under the first development approach technological advancement is separately targeted to three sectors: agriculture, food processing, and textiles. Each sectoral choice is intended to represent alternative development strategies which we label (i) agricultural-demand- led industrialization (ADLI); (ii) food-processing-based (FOOD); and (iii) textile-based industrialization (TEXTILE). Under the second...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Atkinson inequality index; CGE; Egypt; Growth; Income distribution; SAM; Theil index; International Development; C68; D31; D33; D58; O47; O53.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16311

U.S. Dairy Trade Situation and Outlook: 2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.; Dobson,   William D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91363

Unpacking the Meaning of “Market Access”
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chamberlin,   Jordan; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Improving farmers’ access to markets is widely recognized as a major development challenge.  A review of the literature suggests that indicators of market access may bear little relationship to the specific processes of interest and hence provide misguided evidence of the impacts of improved market access. This paper attempts to “unpack” the dimensions of market access and, in the process, uses farm survey data from Kenya to investigate changes in multiple indicators during the post-liberalization period.  Findings show that market access conditions experienced by rural Kenyans exhibit considerable variation across time, space, and indicator type. We suggest ways in which structured hypothesizing and sensitivity analysis may strengthen empirical treatments...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market access; Remoteness; Smallholders; Africa; Kenya; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C81; D01; D63; D83; H41; H54; R58; L99.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110014

Human Capital Investment and the Gender Division of Labor in a Brawn-Based Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitt,   Mark M.; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.; Hassan,   Md. Nazmul.
﻿We use a model of human capital investment and activity choice to explain facts describing gender differentials in the levels and returns to human capital investments. These include the higher return to and level of schooling, the small effect of healthiness on wages, and the large effect of healthiness on schooling for females relative to males. The model incorporates gender differences in the level and responsiveness of brawn to nutrition in a Roy-economy setting in which activities reward skill and brawn differentially. Empirical evidence from rural Bangladesh provides support for the model and the importance of the distribution of brawn.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brawn; Health; Schooling; Gender; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; O1; J1; J2.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93916

THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND INCOME INEQUALITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bussmann,   Margit; de Soysa,   Indra; Oneal,   John R.
In this paper, we assess the effect of globalization on the distribution of income within countries, focussing on the influence of foreign direct investment. We analyze data for 72 countries, 1970-90. We incorporate in our tests the Kuznets (1955) curve, measures of the character of political institutions, and various aspects of the economy and society that have been emphasized in recent research. Our results are easy to summarize. Globalization has little effect on income inequality within countries. The ratio of foreign direct investment stock to gross domestic product is unrelated to the distribution of income. Income inequality in developing and developed countries is unaffected by the presence of multinational corporations. Nor are alternative...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18718

Costs of Overcoming Market Entry Constraints to Uganda's Export-Led Growth Strategy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nichodemus,   Rudaheranwa; Madina,   Guloba; Nabiddo,   Winnie.
Uganda's export sector has experienced tremendous growth over the last two decades...
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Exports; Trade commodities; EPRC; Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/148959

Television Production: Its Changing Global Location, the Product Cycle and China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gao,   Zhicun; Tisdell,   Clement A.
This article concentrates on the global location of production of television receivers as a case study.  The aim is to see if this accords with Vernon’s international product cycle theory or whether some modifications of the theory are required.  The historical evolution of the global television industry is outlined and the global pattern of demand for television sets is explored, partly to relate the location of demand to the location of television production.  Production cycles involved in television manufacture and its international location are then carefully explored both for black-and-white sets and for colour television.  China’s rise to become the world’s major producers of television sets is given particular attention.  Conclusions are drawn about...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Flying geese models; International product cycle; Japan; Multinationals; Technology transfer; Television; USA; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90530

Theory of Stochastic Optimal Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olson,   Lars J.; Roy,   Santanu.
This paper is a survey of the theory of stochastic optimal economic growth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28601

CONCENTRAÇÃO DA POSSE DE TERRAS E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO (IN) SUSTENTÁVEL DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO NO PERÍODO DE 1985-1995/96.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jospeh,   Lazaro Camilo Recompensa; Silva,   Paula Luciana.
O agronegócio, enquanto conjunto de atividades que abrangem a produção agropecuária e florestal, o beneficiamento de seus produtos e subprodutos ou a agroindustrialização, as empresas produtoras de insumos (sementes, agrotóxicos, fertilizantes, máquinas, tratores etc.), o comércio dessas mercadorias, o sistema bancário relacionado com o crédito rural e o seguro agrícola, está sendo reduzido pela propaganda dominante à esfera daqueles produtos e subprodutos diretamente relacionados com a exportação e negociados na Bolsa Mercantil e de Futuros (BM&amp;F) tais como exemplos o milho (grão, óleo), a soja (grão, óleo e farelo), os suínos, as aves, os bovinos (carne, couro, peles), os produtos florestais (madeira, papel e pasta de celulose), ou seja, agronegócio...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Meio Ambiente; Concentração fundiária e desenvolvimento local; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109117

Incentives for Academic Achievement: An Experimental Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sharma,   Dhiraj.
In recent years, educators and economists have experimented with a number of innovations to improve academic outcomes of students in developing countries. Providing cash rewards to students based on academic achievement may be a cost effective approach to achieve the goal. However, psychologists contend that external rewards undermines students' internal motivation to learn.  To test these hypotheses, I am conducting a field experiment among eighth graders in public schools in the suburbs of Kathmandu, Nepal. Students receive cash reward at the end of each of three semesters based on their grades. Each exam is worth 100 points, and each point is worth 5 rupees (approximately 7 US cents). Therefore, each student can earn up to 500 rupees per semester. From...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cash Incentives; Intrinsic Motivation; Multitasking.; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; D03; I20.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61032

Promoting Sustainable Pro-Poor Growth in Rwandan Agriculture: What are the Policy Options?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morris,   Michael L.; Drake,   Liz; Ezemenari,   Kene; Diao,   Xinshen.
In 2000, as part of its strategy for growth and poverty reduction, the Government of Rwanda set a goal to increase per capita income from US$230 to US$900 and halve the incidence of poverty by 2020. Two years after those targets were established Rwanda's first Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) projected that GDP growth in the range of 6 to 7 percent would be needed over the long term for those targets to be realized. The principal sources of growth in the short to medium term were to be the agriculture and manufacturing sectors, with agricultural projected to start at 5.2 percent and accelerate over the period due to productivity improvements. Manufacturing growth was projected to rise sharply to 11.5 percent, based on the expansion of manufacturing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9908

Revisiting the “cotton problem”: A comparative analysis of cotton reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delpeuch,   Claire; Vandeplas,   Anneleen; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
The cotton sector has been amongst the most regulated in West and Central Africa (WCA), and still is to a large extent, despite repeated reform recommendations by international donors. On the other hand, orthodox reforms in East and Southern Africa (ESA) have not always yielded the expected results. This paper uses a stylized contracting model to investigate the link between market structure and equity and efficiency in sub-Saharan cotton sectors and analyze the potential consequences of orthodox reforms in WCA. We argue that the level of the world price and of government intervention, the degree of post-reform competition, as well as the degree of parastatal inefficiency, all contribute to making reforms less attractive (but not less pressing) to farmers...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Cotton reforms; Self-enforcing contracts; International Development; Q12; L33; O12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91806

Expanding the Frontiers of Agricultural Economics to Meet the Future Challenges of Agricultural Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirsten,   Johann F.
In this paper I challenge the theoretical building blocks of agricultural economics and then provide some indication of how the discipline has rectified some of its shortcomings. The introduction of the New Institutional Economics into our discipline has been a major improvement. I have then argued that the challenges facing our profession are so huge that we need to think about further adaptation by making more use of other social sciences such as sociology and anthropology. This could help us understand the major complexities of dealing with the challenge of black economic empowerment in agriculture. This will however, also be necessary for us to adjust our research paradigm. This argument is well articulated by Doyer and Van Rooyen (2001) when they...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9519

SOUND CHOICES FOR DEVELOPMENT: THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC INVESTMENTS IN RURAL INDIA AND CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15900

Classification of the EU countries labour markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaba,   Bohumil.
The objective of the paper is to classify the labour markets of the EU member states on the basis of selected employment and unemployment indicators. In order to achieve the study target, the adequate multivariate exploration procedures have been chosen. In the first part of processing original data, principal component analysis (PCA) was employed. PCA is a multivariate statistical procedure used to reduce the number of observed variables into a smaller number of uncorrelated variables with a minimum loss of information. Moreover, the PCA results can be used for effective ranking of the EU countries according to observed indicators of labour markets. This paper describes the crucial steps in PCA and procedure for ranking mentioned and it reviews how...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Classification; Employment; Unemployment; Principal component analysis; Cluster; International Development; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; GA; IN.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99227

VERGLEICH DER BERGLANDWIRTSCHAFT IN POLEN UND DEUTSCHLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sroka,   Wojciech; Happe,   Kathrin.
This paper summarises results of a expert interviews on the state and development of agriculture and rural areas in selected municiapalities in the Polish Carapatian mountains and in the German Alps. Compared to the German Alps, the Polish region has a number of particularities originating from the different history and the transformation process. The overall development in the Polish region is still lagging behind. The implementation of measures of the Common Agricultural Policy has not yet led to significant structural changes in the Carpathian region. The surveyed experts have identified a positive perspective for the development of agriculture. They expect tourism and agriculture to be the main sources of income. A complete disappearance of agriculture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Berglandwirtschaft; Entwicklungsperspektiven; Polen; Bayern; Mountainous areas; Development perspectives; Poland; Bavaria; Rolnictwo górskie; Perspektywy rozwoju; Polska; Bawaria; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91905

Integrated Reservoir Management under Stochastic Conditions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Debnath,   Deepayan; Stoecker,   Arthur L.; Boyer,   Tracy A.; Sanders,   Larry D.
Water Management and Planning
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic optimization; Lake levels; Marketed and non-marketed water uses; Non-linear programming; Recreational benefits; Reservoir management; Stochastic inflows; Value of a visitor day; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108178

AS BASES SOCIOPOLÍTICAS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA EXPERIÊNCIA FRANCESA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cazella,   Ademir Antonio.
O objetivo deste artigo consiste em compreender quais são as bases sociopolíticas do pensamento sobre o desenvolvimento territorial levando-se em consideração as diferentes concepções do desenvolvimento. Pretende-se analisar, também, os fundamentos e as contradições, históricos e atuais, subjacentes à consideração do território como elemento ativo de desenvolvimento. Para tanto, o caso francês foi tomado como referência empírica por ser considerado pioneiro nesse domínio.----------------------------------------------The objective of this paper is to understand the socio-political background of the thinking about territorial development, taking into consideration the different conceptions of development. The intention is also to analyze the fundamentals and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento territorial; Descentralização; Participação política; Territorial development; Descentratization; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109815

The Rise of China and India and the Commodity Boom: Economic and Environmental Implications for Low-Income Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coxhead,   Ian A.; Jayasuriya,   Sisira.
The rapid growth of China and, more recently, of India, is having major effects on every facet of the global economy. The supply of labor-intensive manufactured exports (from China in particular) has been accompanied by a huge expansion in their imports both of raw materials and of skill-intensive manufactured parts and components. This ‘offshoring’ of intermediates production by large, labor-abundant economies has economic and environmental implications for other developing economies drawn into their trade networks. We sketch a trade-theoretic model showing how the growth of the ‘giants’ generates adjustment pressures on their trading partners and competitors among developing economies. We discuss in particular how differences in relative factor...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92208

Learning, Misallocation, and Technology Adoption: Evidence from New Malaria Therapy in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adhvaryu,   Achyuta.
I show that malaria misdiagnosis, common in resource-poor settings, decreases the expected effectiveness of an important new therapy–since only a fraction of treated individuals have malaria–and reduces the rate of learning via increased noise. Using pilot program data from Tanzania, I exploit variation in the location and timing of survey enumeration to construct reference groups composed of randomly chosen, geographically and temporally proximate acutely ill individuals. I show that learning is stronger and adoption rates are higher in villages with more misdiagnosis. Subsidizing diagnostic tools or improving initial targeting of new technologies may thus accelerate uptake through learning.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technology adoption; Learning; Malaria; Tanzania; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; I15; O12; O33.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115712

The Effect of Farm Labor Organization on IPM Adoption. Empirical Evidence from Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beckmann,   Volker; Irawan,   Evi; Wesseler,   Justus.
This paper examines the effect of labor organization on integrated pest management (IPM), using cross section data collected from a participatory farming system survey of 157 durian growers in Chanthaburi, Thailand, in 2005. In contrast to many studies of IPM adoption, this work uses the form of farm labor organization as an endogenous factor for identifying the rate of IPM adoption among durian growers. The instrumental variables method was employed to econometrically relate a set of alleged variables as instruments of labor organization to the rate of IPM adoption. Results show that, among others, farms employing hired labor have a significantly lower adoption rate of IPM.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Labor Organization; IPM Adoption; 2SLS; Farm Labor; Agricultural Extension; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q16; J2; J43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55767

A Long Memory Conditional Variance Model for International Grain Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Hyun Joung.
The study explores a long memory conditional volatility model on international grain markets, demonstrating importance of modeling both temporal effects of volatility and long memory process. This study adopts six different volatility models, nested in an ARMA(p,q)- FIGARCH(P,D,Q), to capture dependence of grain cash price volatility and compares the performance of the six models. It also visits a related question about non-normal behaviors of grain prices and adopts the student-t density intended to account for fat-tailed properties of the data. We find suitability of the FIGARCH type models under the student-t distribution and competitiveness of the parsimonious FIGARCH(1,d,0) for modeling long memory volatility.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International grain markets; Stochastic volatility; FIGARCH; Non-normality; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45654

Socialists Industrialization and Economic Performance in China From 1952 to 1989
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Jinding; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23115

The Gender and Generational Consequences of the Demographic Transition and Population Policy: An Assessment of the Micro and Macro Linkages
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schultz,   T. Paul.
The demographic transition changes the age composition of a population, affecting resource allocations at the household and aggregate level. If age profiles of income, consumption, savings and investments were stable and estimable for the entire population, they might suggest how the demographic transition would affects inputs to growth. However, existing macro and micro simulations are estimated from unrepresentative samples of wage earners that do not distinguish sex, schooling, etc. The “demographic dividend” is better evaluated through case studies of household surveys and long-run social experiments.  Matlab, Bangladesh, extended a family planning and maternal and child health program to half the villages in its district in 1977, and recorded...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fertility decline; Demographic transition; Intergenerational transfers; Gender; Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J13; J21; J68; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54534

Reflections
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
This paper examines the causes of Taiwan's exceptional economic performance, focusing on the influence of organizational and policy choices and how Taiwan's example differs from those of more typical less-developed countries. After briefly citing cultural factors as proposed by his late colleague John Fei, Ranis proceeds to explore the issues of organic nationalism, natural resource endowment, access to foreign capital and other political factors that have produced such economic success. The author demonstrates how Taiwan's unique combination of strong organic nationalism, meager natural resources and limited access to foreign capital helped curb the Extended Dutch Disease phenomenon endemic in LDCs. In addition, the government's nonoscillatory, relatively...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic development; LDC; Political economy; Taiwan; Extended Dutch disease; Democracy; International Development; Political Economy; O10; O11; O50; P16.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28422

Spatial R&amp;D Spillovers and Economic Growth - Evidence from West Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Funke,   Michael; Niebuhr,   Annekatrin.
The paper bases itself on recent theoretical writings in growth economics that emphasize the effects of both own R&amp;D efforts and of interregional technology spillovers on regions´ productivity. We propose robust estimation techniques to evaluate the R&amp;D spillovers across West German functional regions during the period 1976 - 1996. The findings suggest the existence of knowledge spillovers across functional regional boundaries.  Moreover, significant spillovers are mainly found among geographically close regions. This finding confirms the hypothesis that proximity matters. Das Papier basiert auf jüngeren Beiträgen zur Wachstumstheorie, die den Stellenwert eigener F&amp;E-Anstrengungen und interregionaler Spillover-Effekte für die regionale...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: R&amp;D Spillovers; Economic Growth; Germany; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C21; C52; F43; O57; R11.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26396

The Role of Agriculture in Central and Eastern European Rural Development: Engine of Change or Social Buffer?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahrens,   Heinz; Balint,   Borbala; Baltag,   Grigore; Bezlepkina,   Irina V.; Blaas,   Gejza; Bojnec,   Stefan; Borisova,   Victoria; Brelik,   Agnieszka; Cimpoies,   Dragos; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan; Danilowska,   Alina; Drlik,   Jan; Fock,   Theodor; Gallerani,   Vittorio; Galushko,   Viktoriya; Golemanova,   Antoaneta; Greif,   Franz; Hager,   Astrid; Hann,   Chris; Horska,   Hana; Huirne,   Ruud B.M.; Jansik,   Csaba; Jechlitschka,   Kurt; Kinnucan,   Henry W.; Kirschke,   Dieter; Krypa,   Nada; Malik,   Mykola; Matsibora,   Tetyana; Mishev,   Plamen Dimitrov; Nedyalkov,   Anton; Oskam,   Arie J.; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.; Petrick,   Martin; Pelse,   Modrite; Petrikov,   Alexander; Raggi,   Meri; Ratinger,   Tomas; Revishvili,   Zurab; Rodionova,   Galina; Samoggia,   Antonella; Sarris,   Alexander H.; Savastano,   Sara; Sedik,   David J.; Senczyszyn,   Jaroslaw; Spesna,   Daniela; Tritten,   Christian; Tyran,   Ewa; Valentinov,   Vladislav; Viaggi,   Davide; Wegener,   Stefan; Weingarten,   Peter; Zmija,   Janusz.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93023

RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ITS IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: FINDINGS OF A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN CENTRAL, EASTERN AND SOUTHERN EUROPE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolz,   Axel; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Markus,   Richard.
Rising energy prices for fossil fuels, the unreliable supply of energy imports during the last winters and – concerning the 12 new members states (NMS) – the demand by the European Union (EU) for developing National Renewable Energy Action Plans have stimulated the national discussion and political action on renewable energy (RE) among all European countries. Particularly among the 12 NMS the share of RE has increased during the last years. Among the candidate and potential candidate countries (CC and PCC) the discussion on RE has just started. When looking at the impact of RE on agricultural and rural development the effects are relatively small. An expansion of rape seed cultivation and, to a smaller extent, of the production of wood pellets could be...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Renewable energy; Comparative survey; Agricultural and rural development; New members states of the EU; Candidate and potential candidate countries.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O52; Q10; Q28; Q42; R11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94719

IS A PUBLIC REGULATION OF FOOD PRICE VOLATILITY FEASIBLE IN AFRICA? AN ARCH APPROACH IN KENYA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maitre d'Hotel,   Elodie; le Cotty,   Tristan; Jayne,   Thomas S.
The 2007-2008 food crisis and current food price swings led economists to re-evaluate the potential for policy instruments to manage food price volatility. Many developing countries recently pursued price regulation policies, but the difficulties of these policies in promoting price stability is not fully understood. In particular, the ability of a stabilization policy to lower food price volatility does not depend on the nature of the policy instrument only, but also on the institutional conditions of its implementation. Kenya is a particularly interesting case as it is characterized by a rather long tradition of public intervention, and by the persistence of highly volatile prices. The consistency of the policy use appears to be key factor influencing...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Volatility; Predictability; Consistency; Food; Policy; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; D84; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122551

The Ecological Footprint of Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Mexico's Oportunidades Program
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alix-Garcia,   Jennifer Marie; McIntosh,   Craig; Sims,   Katharine R.E.; Welch,   Jarrod R.
We study the consequences of poverty alleviation programs for environmental degradation. We exploit the community-level eligibility discontinuity for a conditional cash transfer program in Mexico to identify the impacts of income increases on deforestation, and use the program’s initial randomized rollout to explore household responses. We find that additional income increases demand for resource-intensive goods. The corresponding production response and deforestation increase is more detectable in communities with poor road infrastructure. These results are consistent with the idea that better access to markets disperses environmental harm and the full effects of treatment can only be observed where poor infrastructure localizes them.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93046

Economic Challenges Faced by Small Island Economies: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
As pointed out in this article, small island economies are diverse in their nature and in the challenges they face. A taxonomy of these economies is provided. The overview takes account of small island economies that are satellites of large countries as well as those which are independent nation states. Nevertheless, the emphasis here is on small island economies that are remote from central economies or disadvantaged in other ways. These include many island nations in the Pacific and elsewhere. Such economies suffer from diseconomies of scale in economic activity, are prone to imperfect market competition, and experience high transport and trading costs for a variety of reasons which are outlined.  The gravitational pull of stronger central economies and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Small island economies; Globalisation; Pacific; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90627

INSTITUTIONS AND ECONOMIC POLICIES FOR PRO-POOR AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorward,   Andrew; Fan,   Shenggen; Kydd,   Jonathan; Lofgren,   Hans; Morrison,   Jamie; Poulton,   Colin; Rao,   Neetha; Smith,   Laurence; Tchale,   Hardwick; Thorat,   Sukhadeo; Urey,   Ian; Wobst,   Peter.
This paper draws together findings from different elements of a research project examining critical components of pro-poor agricultural growth and of policies that can promote such growth in poor rural economies in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultural growth, a critical driver in poverty reducing growth in many poor agrarian economies in the past, faces many difficulties in today’s poor rural areas in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Some of these difficulties are endogenous to these areas while others result from broader processes of global change. Active state interventions in ‘kick starting’ markets in 20th century green revolutions suggest that another major difficulty may be current policies which emphasize the benefits of liberalization...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural growth; Rural poverty; Sub-Saharan Africa; Green Revolution; India; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60170

The 30-Year Challenge: Agriculture's Strategic Role in Feeding and Fueling a Growing World
Provedor de dados: 31
To develop this report, Farm Foundation drew on the insights of leaders from business, government, non-governmental organizations and academia. We began with a small group of individuals whose discussions defined the 30-year challenge in six broad categories: 1. global financial markets and recession, 2. global food security, 3. global energy security, 4. climate change, 5. competition for natural resources, and 6. global economic development. Farm Foundation then invited a broader group of leaders to explore each of the six categories, identifying critical strategic problems, alternative strategies and potential policies. Those discussions are the basis of this report. The topics and options presented here are not intended to be inclusive; rather they are...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45719

THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMERGING NATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ensminger,   Douglas.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1962
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/17981

DETERMINANTS OF U.S. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY: EVIDENCE FROM DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Makki,   Shiva S.; Somwaru,   Agapi; Bolling,   H. Christine.
This paper analyzes the determinants of foreign direct investments by the U.S. food processing industry in developed and developing countries.  We find that market size, per capita income, openness of the economy, inflation rate, and exchange rate significantly affect U.S. food processing firms' decisions to invest abroad, but their influence differs between developed and developing countries.  Per capita income, which is an indicator of economic development, is positively associated with FDI in developing countries, but negatively associated with FDI in developed countries.  Foreign affiliate sales and exports are generally found to be substitutes in developed countries and complements in developing countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22035

Macroeconomic adjustment and agricultural performance in Southern Africa: a quantitative overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.
"February 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Macroeconomics -- Models; Economic development; Agricultural development -- Africa; Southern; Malawi; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Zambia; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97768

Indigenous Social Science and Economic Development in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Waelti,   John J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7527

Agricultural and resource economics and economic development in Aboriginal communities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Ronald C.
Economic development is seen as the best way for Aboriginal communities to improve their welfare and lessen the considerable disadvantages they suffer. Unfortunately, the economics profession has shown little interest in their plight. Agricultural and resource economists have much to offer in helping to foster economic development in Aboriginal communities throughout Australia. Suggestions are made as to various ways in which our particular interests and experiences can hopefully be applied.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116990

Table of contents
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123775

Who Gained and Who Lost from Zambia's 2010 Maize Marketing Policies?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonde,   Chewe; Mason,   Nicole M.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Zambia's record-breaking maize harvest of nearly 2.8 million metric tons (MT) in 2010 is a major achievement and a testimony to what input subsidies, output price incentives, and favorable weather can do to elicit a major supply response. Maize-growing smallholders harvested more than in previous years and so have more to eat. Public markets are currently well stocked with maize grain, to the benefit of urban consumers and maize-buying rural households. Farmers who were able to sell their crop to the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) at K65,000 per 50-kg bag, a price well above market levels, have clearly benefited from the bumper crop and FRA‟s involvement in maize marketing. The FRA‟s high buy price and purchase of nearly 900,000 MT of maize are also likely to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Marketing; Agricultural policy; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99610

Innovative development as the anti-crisis factor in economy of Uzbekistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zufarova,   Nargiza.
The article observes policies outlined in government anti-crisis program in Uzbekistan and directed on innovative development of some sectors, including oil and gas sector. The author believes that national economic model demonstrates firm capacity to resist and overcome negative effects of the global financial crisis.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: World financial crisis; Economic development; Innovative development; Education; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O38; Q40.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94532

APPLYING FUZZY THEORY CONCEPTS TO THE ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYMENT DIVERSIFICATION OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS: METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fritzsch,   Jana.
The Deliverable 7.2 (D7.2) of the SCARLED project provides methodological considerations for applying fuzzy set theory to the analysis of employment diversification of farm households. It presents a Mamdani's type fuzzy inference model and describes its application within the project's framework. The model consists of ten variables that are grouped into the four factors: (i) necessity to diversify, (ii) internal preconditions, (iii) external preconditions, and (iv) attitudes. The coherence of these four factors with the integrated framework for the analysis of nonfarm rural employment is discussed. The model will be realised in the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox from MATLAB®. Forty four membership functions and 138 rules are going to be implemented, tested, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91953

AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION IN INDIA AND ROLE OF URBANIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rao,   P. Parthasarathy; Birthal,   Pratap Singh; Joshi,   P.K.; Kar,   D.
Indian agriculture is diversifying during the last two decades towards High-Value Commodities (HVCs) i.e., fruits, vegetables, milk, meat, and fish products. The pace has been accelerated during the decade of 1990s. HVCs account for a large share in the total value of agricultural production. Supply and demand side factors coupled with infrastructural development and innovative institutions drive these changes. In this paper, the focus is on diversification towards HVCs in the context of urbanization. Group of urban districts (districts with &gt;1.5 million urban population) have a higher share of HVCs compared to the urban-surrounded (near urban districts) and other districts (districts in the hinterland). Among the HVCs, vegetables and meat products have...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60454

Sensitivity of welfare effects estimated by equilibrium displacement model: a biological productivity growth for semi-subsistence crop in Sub-Sahara African market with high transactions costs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takeshima,   Hiroyuki.
This paper discusses the application of the equilibrium displacement model (EDM) to estimate ex-ante the welfare effects of biological productivity growth for semi-subsistence crop and its impact on poverty reduction. The conventionally used EDM is compared with an alternative model (alternative EDM) that reflects arguably more realistic assumptions for African semi-subsistence crops, such as the shape and shift of supply curve, significant margins due to high transportation costs between farmgate and consumption market, as well as between different consumption markets, and the degree of precisions of estimated structural parameters. The application to the dataset for Benin cassava farmers provides an example that the conventional EDM may significantly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Equilibrium displacement model; Pivotal shift; Cassava; Semi-subsistence; Market margins; Double buffering; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C65; D13; D31; D60; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49287

PERSPECTIVE ON THE "GREEN REVOLUTION" IN ASIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13968

Determinants of Participation in a Catastrophe Insurance Programme: Empirical Evidence from a Developing Country
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akter,   Sonia; Brouwer,   Roy; Chowdhury,   Saria; Aziz,   Salina.
The paper presents empirical evidence of the determinants of catastrophe insurance participation in one of the poorest and most disaster prone countries in the world. In a large-scale household survey carried out in 2006 we ask 3,000 residents in six different districts in Bangladesh facing various environmental risk exposure levels about their willingness to participate in a catastrophe insurance programme. Combining factors put forward in risk theory and economics, we estimate a model of insurance participation. We show that the household decision to participate in the insurance programme differs depending on both exogenous and endogenous risk exposure levels. As predicted by micro-economic theory, ability to pay, measured in terms of household income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Natural disasters; Catastrophe; Insurance; Participation; Risk; Bangladesh; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5984

STRATEGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ETHIOPIAN HIGHLANDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Gebremedhin,   Berhanu; Benin,   Samuel; Ehui,   Simeon K.
This paper investigates the impacts of population growth, market access, agricultural credit and technical assistance programs, land policies, livelihood strategies and other factors on changes in land management, natural resource conditions and human welfare indicators since 1991 in the northern Ethiopian highlands, based on a survey of 198 villages. We find that population growth has contributed significantly to land degradation, poverty and food insecurity in this region. In contrast, better market access and some credit and technical assistance programs were associated with improvement (or less decline) in land quality, wealth and food security; suggesting the possibility of "win-win-win" development outcomes with appropriate interventions. Land...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land degradation; Sustainable agriculture; Population pressure; Ethiopian highlands; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16121

EXPLORING REGIONAL DYNAMICS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Yanoma,   Yukitsugu.
Identifying growth poles in the SSA region, strengthening linkages and generating mutual benefits across African countries is an important part of the strategy to promote agriculture-led growth at the Africa-wide scale. Using agricultural trade data, this study focuses on identifying major countries that play important roles in regional agricultural trade and commodities in which African countries have a comparative advantage and where there is potential for more trade within the region.   There are 10 largest traders in the regions either as large agricultural exporters or importers and they seemingly have potential to become growth poles in Africa-wide growth led by promoting agricultural trade. However, at the present, intra-SSA trade only plays a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16173

LAND AND AGRARIAN REFORM IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Provedor de dados: 31
This report presents LTC's findings and recommendations on the land tenure transition. The information contained in this report has been used to prepare a second document, Land and Agrarian Reform in the Kyrgyz Republic: Consolidation Plan, that proposes a set of actions to ensure that the reforms are completed and produce a viable, market-oriented, agricultural sector. Chapter 1 offers baseline geographic information on the KR, an account of the macroeconomic environment in which reforms are taking place, a brief project history, and a description of the research methods. Chapter 2 chronicles the legal and regulatory changes that have driven land and agrarian reform in the KR since 1991 and evaluates this legislation for its legal consistency, underlying...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agrarian structure--Kyrgyzstan; Land administration--Kyrgyzstan; Land reform--Kyrgyzstan; Land tenure--Government policy--Kyrgyzstan; Land tenure--Kyrgyzstan; Land titles--Registration and transfer--Kyrgyzstan; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12757

Variation in Staple Food Prices in Eastern and Southern Africa: A Synthesis
Provedor de dados: 31
The global food crisis of 2007-08 has focused attention on food prices, pushing the topic to the top of the agenda of international organizations. For policymakers in sub-Saharan Africa, however, food prices have been an issue of economic importance and political sensitivity for decades. Of particular importance are the prices of staple foods, defined as grains and starchy root crops that are inexpensive sources of calories. In eastern and southern Africa, maize is the most important staple food, followed by cassava, sorghum, teff, wheat, plantains, and sweet potatoes, with the importance of each varying by country. The importance of these staple foods cannot be underestimated, as they contribute 50-75% of the caloric intake of the population. Furthermore,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Food policy; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62163

Agricultural Recovery and Individual Land Tenure: Lessons from Central Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54714

THE INFLUENCE OF COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELS ON POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Devarajan,   Shantayanan; Robinson,   Sherman.
This paper reviews the experience of the use of computable or applied general equilibrium (CGE or AGE) models to affect public policy. The range of issues on which CGE models have had an influence is quite wide, and includes structural adjustment policies, international trade, public finance, agriculture, income distribution, and energy and environmental policy. In the cases where CGE models have enlightened the policy debate, the reasons have to do with one or more of the following: (i) consistency between results from CGE models and other types of analysis (for instance in the debate on NAFTA); (ii) the fact that the CGE models captured particular features of the economy, such as some structural rigidities and institutional constraints, that rules of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16267

Natural Resource Management, Food Security and Rural Development in Zambia: Moving From Research to Action
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simasiku,   Phyllis; Chapoto,   Antony; Richardson,   Robert B.; Sichilongo,   Mwape; Tembo,   Gelson; Weber,   Michael T.; Zulu,   Alimakio.
More effective policies are needed to improve access and secure rights to land  and other natural resources for various stakeholders, particularly smallholder  farmers. Service delivery at all levels of governance needs to be restructured and strengthened in order to promote and improve economic development and management of natural resources in both open and protected areas. New strategies are needed for protecting and developing natural resource areas based on appropriate resource management systems that promote broad-based participation and sharing of benefits, and offer potential for more effective  community-based natural resource management. Improvements are needed in natural resource policy and law review processes in order to take better advantage...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Rural development; Natural resource management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q16; Q18; Q27; Q30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58543

Chal­len­ges of edu­ca­ti­on and in­no­va­ti­on. Pro­cee­dings of the Fourth Green Week Sci­en­ti­fic Con­fe­rence.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kashtanova,   Elena G.; Leeds,   Elke M.; Rivera,   William M.; Mandler,   Andreas; Imami,   Drini; Leonetti,   Luciano; Stefanllari,   Andi; Zhllima,   Edvin; Dajnoki,   Krisztina; Peto,   Karoly; Grasselli,   Norbert; Drejerska,   Nina; Ziolkowska,   Jadwiga; Simon,   Leo K.; Appel,   Franziska; Ostermeyer,   Arlette; Milic,   Branislav B.; Leshem,   Asaf; Aenis,   Thomas; Grotz,   Patrick Artur; Tang,   Lixia; Nagel,   Uwe Jens; Hoffmann,   Volker; Ahrorov,   Farhod; Djanibekov,   Nodir; Lamers,   John P.A.; Bobojonov,   Ihtiyor.
This volume of proceedings, available as both a hard copy and a pdf file, is an edited compilation of selected contributions to the Conference on Modern Agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe (MACE) 2010, held in Berlin, Germany, at the ICC on the 13th and 14th of January 2010. We would like to thank all those persons and organizations who contributed to the realisation of the MACE Conference 2010 as well as to this edited volume. First of all, we thank all presenters, whose commitment made the conference possible. The conference would not have been successful without the active engagement of such a large number of colleagues from IAMO, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Council for Tropical and Sub-Tropical Agricultural Research (ATSAF). Thanks to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96199

Using Land to Promote Urban Economic Growth in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ding,   Chengri; Lichtenberg,   Erik.
This paper investigates the economic incentives for urban spatial expansion in China by estimating the value of urban land using an econometric model applied to data from the 220 largest Chinese cities for the period 1996-2003. The results are consistent with the proposition that the rapid rate of urban spatial expansion resulted from a combination of fiscal pressure on local governments and governance reforms that gave local governments greater control over land and investment policies. The estimated parameters of the model indicate that urban land generates far more than income per unit area than agriculture in eastern and central China, suggesting that local governments can profit substantially from conversion of farmland to urban use. The value of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36748

Psychology, Gender, and the Intrahousehold Allocation of Free and Purchased Mosquito Nets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoffmann,   Vivian.
This paper reports results from a field experiment in Uganda.  The proportion of children five years and younger who slept under a mosquito net was 20 percent higher when nets were distributed for free compared to when an equivalent cash transfer could be used to purchase nets.  This effect is attributable to the endowment effect (more nets were retained when received for free than offered for sale), and to differences in how purchased and free nets are allocated within the household.  Nets received for free were more likely to be used by young children.  Purchased nets, on the other hand, were used by those members of the household, often adults, perceived by participants to suffer from malaria most frequently.  When a married woman acquired nets, the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55282

Successes and Failures of Development Experience Since the 1980s
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
This paper reviews the development experience since the 1980's and finds room for guarded optimism about what we can learn from it. Firstly, a global consensus is emerging on the need for macro-economic stability through prudent fiscal, monetary and foreign exchange policies. However, at the micro or structural level, while governments need to decentralize their decision-making authority more fully than they have thus far, in reaction to the recent reappraisal of the East Asian model there is some danger that development policy will swing too far in rejecting liberalization and returning to government intervention. Secondly, the paper points out that, while there exists a well-recognized causal nexus between exports and growth, the reverse causation also...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Development; Structural adjustment; Stabilization; Multi-lateral development banks; East Asian miracle; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28529

Prebisch-Singer Redux
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cuddington,   John T.; Ludema,   Rodney; Jayasuriya,   Shamila A.
In light of ongoing concern about commodity specialization in Latin America, this paper revisits the argument of Prebisch (1950) that, over the long term, declining terms of trade would frustrate the development goals of the region. This paper has two main objectives. The first is to clarify the issues raised by Prebisch and Singer (1950), as they relate the commodity specialization of developing countries (and Latin America in particular). The second is to reconsider empirically the issue of trends in commodity prices, using recent data and techniques. We show that rather than a downward trend, real primary prices over the last century have experienced one or more abrupt shifts, or "structural breaks," downwards. The preponderance evidence points to a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15857

Increased efficiency of straw utilisation by cattle and buffalo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: George,   P.S.
The Australian Centre of International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) has sponsored several research projects with the aim of increasing the efficiency of straw utilisation by cattle and buffaloes in some Australian and Indian situations. These projects involved research on upgrading technology and field testing specific feed formulations to determine their impact on improving livestock production in India. This report contains an economic assessment of three interrelated projects supported by ACIAR over a period of nine years, starting 1983–84. Apart from validating the feasibility of improving the efficiency of strawbased diets through strategic supplements, the projects under review had played a significant role in the commercial introduction of urea...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Buffalo; Straw; Feed; Australia; India; Efficiency; Livestock production; Economic assessment; Urea molasses blocks; Bypass protein feed; Dairy; Milk; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47191

Gender Inequality, Poverty and Human Development in Kenya: Main Indicators, Trends and Limitations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiriti,   Tabitha; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Indicators of gender inequality, poverty and human development in Kenya are examined. Significant and rising incidence of absolute poverty occurs in Kenya and women are more likely to be in poverty than men. Female/male ratios in Kenyan decision-making institutions are highly skewed against women and they experience unfavourable enrolment ratios in primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. The share of income earned by women is much lower than men's share.   General Kenyan indicators highlight declining GDP per capita, increased poverty rates especially for women, reduced life expectancy, a narrowing of the difference in female/male life expectancy rates, increased child mortality rates and an increase in the female child mortality rates. This...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: AIDS; Africa; Kenya; Gender; Inequality; Human development; Poverty; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105587

CONSERVATION CAPITAL AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ramirez,   Donna Theresa J.; Khanna,   Madhu; Zilberman,   David.
This paper develops an endogenous growth model which links pollution to ineffective input-use, which can be reduced through conservation capital investment. It derives the conditions under which individual preferences for environmental quality and private investment in conservation capital can lead to non-decreasing environmental quality and balanced growth in an unregulated and in a regulated regime.  In the absence of regulation, balanced growth can lead to improvement in environmental quality as long as the rate of growth is low. The extent to which the growth rate is low depends upon preference for environmental quality, interest and discount rates, productivity of conservation capital, and price of the polluting input.  Under an emissions tax regime,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19846

Agriculture in the Face of Changing Markets, Institutions and Policies: Challenges and Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balmann,   Alfons; Curtiss,   Jarmila; Dautzenberg,   Kirsti; Happe,   Kathrin; Huang,   Jikun; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.; Rozelle,   Scott; Sedik,   David J.; Ciaian,   Pavel; Vranken,   Liesbet; Doitchinova,   Julia M.; Kanchev,   Ivan; Miteva,   Albena; Bachev,   Hrabrin Ianouchev; Forgacs,   Csaba; Guo,   Hongdong; Ferto,   Imre; Jolly,   Robert W.; Zhu,   Jianhua; Falkowski,   Jan; Milczarek,   Dominika; Peyerl,   Hermann; Breuer,   Gunter; Danilowska,   Alina; Zawojska,   Aldona; Ramanovich,   Mikhail; Hemme,   Torsten; Mirzaei,   Farhad; Heidelbach,   Olaf; Balkhausen,   Oliver; Banse,   Martin; Perekhozhuk,   Oleksandr; Grings,   Michael; Luka,   Oksana; Epstein,   David B.; Naydenov,   Nikolay; Sauer,   Johannes; Balint,   Borbala; Il'ina,   Natalia; Svetlov,   Nikolai M.; Weitzel,   Enno-Burghard; Bayaner,   Ahmet; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Cechura,   Lukas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Glauben,   Thomas; Azzarri,   Carlo; Carletto,   Calogero; Davis,   Benjamin; Zezza,   Alberto; Nivievskyi,   Oleg; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan; Newton,   Claire; Bednarikova,   Zuzana; Doucha,   Tomas; Travnicek,   Zdenek; Fock,   Theodor.
Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been under considerable adjustment pressure due to changing political, economic and institutional environments. These changes have been linked to the transition process, as well as the ongoing integration into the European Union and the world market. Reduced subsidies, increased environmental and food quality demands, as well as structural changes in the supply, processing and food retailing sector call for major structural adjustments and the improvement of farmers’ managerial abilities. Though such changes always carry significant threats to farms, they also offer new opportunities for the farms' entrepreneurial engagement. Upcoming changes in the agricultural...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93012

Reciprocal Trade Agreements:  Impacts on Bilateral Trade Expansion and Contraction in the World Agricultural Marketplace
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vollrath,   Thomas L.; Hallahan,   Charles B.
The rapid increase in the number of bilateral and regional free-trade agreements since 1995 is a striking development. The proliferation of these agreements has raised questions about whether they have, in fact, opened markets, created trade, promoted economic growth, and/or distorted trade. This study uses panel data from 1975 to 2005 and a gravity framework model to identify the influence of reciprocal trade agreements (RTAs) on bilateral trade in the world agricultural marketplace. A benchmark, Heckman sample-selection and two generalized models, one of which accounts for RTA phase-in effects, are used to gauge the impact on partner trade of mutual as well as asymmetric RTA membership. Empirical results show that RTAs increase agricultural trade between...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Trade policy; Reciprocal trade agreements; Bilateral; Regional; Missing trade; Gravity models; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102755

Evidence of shifts in intra-household allocation under exogenous changes in family policy and administrative procedures: The case of school enrollment in Chile
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heggeness,   Misty L.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/31/09.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49450

Brazilian Agricultural Productivity and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rada,   Nicholas E.; Buccola,   Steven T.
Replaced with revised version of poster 07/29/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Brazilian agriculture; Embrapa; Input distance function; Stochastic frontier; Total factor productivity; Technical change; Efficiency; International Development; Productivity Analysis; O2; O3.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103326

China’s Conversion of Cropland to Forests Program: development framework, economic impacts and future challenges -Based on 10 years’ monitoring results of 100 sample counties around China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lui,   Donsheng; Xie,   Chen; Liu,   Jianjie; Peng,   Wei; Yuan,   Mei; Huang,   Dong.
This paper uses a 10 years monitoring data set of 100 counties to examine the process, implementation and impacts of China’s Conversion of Cropland to Forests Program (CCFP). A theoretical framework was constructed to explain the development of CCFG. We find that CCFG was originate from economic growth and will fulfill its goal by economic growth as it closely linked with rural poverty; Constrains such as income decline will finally be solved along with policy adjustment and economic growth; Huge amount of subsidies had been successfully delivered to farmers under strong administration and innovative policy; due to incentive incompatibility between farmers’ private interests and public benefit, we assume that CCFG only achieved second best ecological...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100536

The dragon and the elephant: Agricultural and rural reforms in China and India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gulati,   Ashok; Fan,   Shenggen; Dalafi,   Sara.
China's and India's rapid rise in the global arena has not only captured the attention of the world but has also set into motion a rethinking of the very paradigm of economic development. Today, China and India together account for 40 percent of the world's population. Both have implemented a series of economic reforms in the past two and half decades: China initiated this process at the end of the 1970s, while India began in the early 1990s. These reforms have led to rapid economic growth, with a growth rate of 8-9 percent per annum in China and 6-7 percent per annum in India. Despite similar trends in the reforms, the two countries have taken different reform paths; China started off with reforms in agriculture sector and in rural areas, while India...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty alleviation; Egypt; Economic reform; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59826

Új paradigma az agrárgazdaságban: alkalmazkodás a globális kihívásokhoz
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csete,   Laszlo.
Rendkívül fontos a paradigmák és a külföldi üzemtani, agrár-gazdaságtani tudományos világ eredményeinek, tapasztalatainak a megismerése, de a követő magatartás mellett, helyett a kibontakozó vagy várható változásokra és ezek hatásaira irányuló kutatások kezdeményezése szolgálhatja mindenekelőtt a hazai mező-erdőgazdaság és élelmiszer-ellátás biztonságát, valamint érdekeit a rohamosan átalakuló, egyre komplexebb és veszélyesebb világban. A különféle folyamatok nem, vagy csak alig, rendkívüli erőfeszítések árán és csak igen lassan alakíthatók, befolyásolhatók. Ezért szükségszerű a globális kihívásokhoz való előrelátó alkalmazkodás kutatása, nevezetesen a klímaváltozás, a fenntarthatóság és a globalizáció kihívásaihoz, melyek egyenként is számtalan kutatási...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Paradigma; Kihívások; Klímaváltozás; Fenntarthatóság; Globalizáció; Paradigm; Challenges; Climate change; Sustainability; Globalization; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58601

The Dairy Sector of Ireland: A Country Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.; Dobson,   William D.; Frank,   Gary G.; Olson,   Norman F.
In this fourth Babcock Institute country study, Ireland's dairy industry was selected because (a) it reveals advantages and challenges associated with a pasture-based production system that is unique in the EU, (b) the country's dairy industry provides an excellent case study of the effects of milk production quotas, (c) the country's dairy sector faces challenges because of its dependence on exports, and (d) Ireland's dairy processors have made innovative use of joint ventures and foreign direct investment. The study describes different facets of Ireland's dairy industry, discusses key elements of the competitive environment, and provides implications for the U.S. and world dairy industries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ireland Diary Industry; EU quotas; Grass-based Dairy Production; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37334

Climate Volatility and Poverty Vulnerability in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Syud Amer; Diffenbaugh,   Noah S.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Ramankutty,   Navin; Rios,   Ana R.; Rowhani,   Pedram.
Climate volatility will increase in the future, with agricultural productivity expected to become increasingly volatile as well. For Tanzania, where food production and prices are sensitive to the climate, rising climate volatility can have severe implications for poverty. We develop and use an integrated framework to estimate the poverty vulnerabilities of different socio-economic strata in Tanzania under current and future climate. We find that households across various strata are similarly vulnerable to being impoverished when considered in terms of their stratum’s populations, with poverty vulnerability of all groups higher in the 21st Century than in the late 20th Century. When the contributions of the different strata to the national poverty changes...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate; Volatility; Poverty vulnerability; Tanzania; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49358

Sub-Sector Strategic Framework-Detailed Cassava Report
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: New Nigeria Foundation (NNF).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53673

Financial Development and Economic Growth: Experiences of Selected Developing Economies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ahmed,   Syed; Horner,   James; Rafiq,   Rafiqul Bhuyan.
The last two decades of the twentieth century witnessed a series of financial reforms in emerging economics of Asia, Africa and Latin America.  The seminal works of R.I. McKinnon and E.S. Shaw, which attribute the slow growth of these economies to financial repression, inspired many of these reforms.  The McKinnon-Shaw thesis demonstrates how government regulations cause low savings and investment, and ultimately engender financial repression.  Financial liberalization, in this view, creates market-based incentives and promotes economic growth.  The objectives of the paper are to (1) track financial development and critically review financial liberalization measures in the emerging economies of Brazil, Mexico, and Thailand, and (2) investigate...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Financial liberalization; Financial deepening; Financial development ratios; Economic growth; Per capita GDP; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50014

Imperialism, Colonialism and Collaboration in the Social Sciences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Prior to the middle of the twentieth century the margins that have demarcated the subject matter of the several social sciences had been relatively stable since the latter decades of the nineteenth century. Since mid-century, however, a number of intellectual and institutional developments have conspired to call into question traditional disciplinary boundaries. In this paper I address the role of disciplinary imperialism, colonialism and collaboration in advancing social science knowledge about development processes and in the design of development policy and institutions. I conclude the paper with several case studies of collaboration across disciplines that have advanced knowledge and practice in the field of development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7356

HIGH SKILLED IMMIGRANT RECRUITMENT AND THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS: THE EFFECTS OF IMMIGRATION POLICIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duncan,   Natasha T.; Waldorf,   Brigitte S.
Since the turn of the twenty-first century, developed countries have engaged in a race for the best and the brightest. States have been lowering barriers to entry and actively recruiting talent from abroad as the premium on human capital has increased in today’s knowledge economies and as demographic problems due to aging and low fertility are becoming a reality. What is interesting is that formerly immigration-adverse, non-traditional immigration states are now opening their doors to this pool of highly skilled migrants. From permanent residency to temporary visas not requiring employer sponsorship, states attempt to sweeten their offers to global talent so the latter would come to their shores. Even more interestingly, notwithstanding the current global...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Immigration Policy; Economic Crisis; High Skilled Migrants; Non-linear Dynamic Model; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; J24; J11; J61.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58417

Farm Debt in Transition Countries: Lessons for Tajikistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54712

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 3, Number 2, Fall 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Content: (1) Reynolds, Kara M. "Dumping on Agriculture: Are There Biases in Antidumping Regulations?" (pp. 135-154); (2) Abler, David. "Approaches to Measuring the Effects of Trade on Agreements." (pp. 155-172); (3) Walsh, Keith, Martina Brockmeier, and Alan Matthews. "Implications of Domestic Support Disciplines for Further Agricultural Trade Liberalization." (pp. 173-198); (4) Nganje, William, Bruce Dahl, William Wilson, Mounir Siaplay, and Andrew Lewis. "Valuing Private Sector Incentives to Invest in Food Security Measures: Quantifying the Risk Premium for Alternative Tracking System." (pp. 199-216); (5) Balagtas, Joseph V., Jeanne Coulibaly, James S. Eales, and Ibrahim Diarra. "Import Demand for Dairy Products in Cote D'Ivoire." (pp. 217-234); (6)...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49169

A Household Level Analysis of Food Expenditure Patterns in Urban China: 1995-2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aguero,   Jorge M.; Gould,   Brian W.
With China's admission into the WTO, there is the potential for dramatic increases in U.S. agricultural exports to China. As China's economy continues to develop, there is general consensus that there will be an associated change in the population's diet. Currently, dairy products account for a small proportion of total food consumed, but that has been increasing in importance over the last two decades. As Chinese markets become more open to U.S. food products, it is important that U.S. manufacturers and traders obtain a better understanding of the determinants of food expenditures in China. This paper addresses the question of how changes in household income may impact food demand in general and dairy products in particular.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China's Food Consumption; Chinese Markets; Chinese Household Income; World Trade Organization; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37598

IDENTIDADE E DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL – ESTUDO DAS EXPERIÊNCIAS DE INDICAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS NO ESTADO DO RS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dullius,   Paulo Roberto; Froehlich,   Jose Marcos; Vendruscolo,   Rafaela.
No contexto contemporâneo, demarcado pela valorização das diversidades culturais e dos patrimônios naturais, tem sido frequente a opção de muitos lugares por estratégias de desenvolvimento ancoradas na criação ou reconstrução de sua própria identidade territorial. Assim, conhecimentos e ações que visam consolidar potencialidades contemplando as especificidades histórico-culturais e naturais dos territórios são cada vez mais importantes. Atualmente, uma das principais estratégias que articula os potenciais da noção de identidade territorial para promover ações de desenvolvimento são aquelas que se pautam pela obtenção de dispositivos de reconhecimento via registro de Indicações Geográficas. Embora já amplamente utilizado na União Européia, no Brasil o...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Identidade territorial; Desenvolvimento territorial; Indicações Geográficas; Indicação de Procedência; Territorial identity; Territorial development; Geographical indications; Indication of Origin; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109985

Are There Lessons from the Polish Agricultural Reform that Are Applicable to the Soviet Union?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Knudsen,   Odin K.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50882

GROWTH, DISTRIBUTION AND POVERTY IN MADAGASCAR: LEARNING FROM A MICROSIMULATION MODEL IN A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM FRAMEWORK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cogneau,   Denis; Robilliard,   Anne-Sophie.
This paper presents an applied microsimulation model built on household data with explicit treatment of heterogeneity of skills, labor preferences and opportunities, and consumption preferences at the individual and/or household level, while allowing for an endogenous determination of relative prices between sectors. The model is primarily focused on labor markets and labor allocation at the household level, but consumption behavior is also modeled. Modeling choices are driven by a desire to make the best possible use of microeconomic information derived from household data. This framework supports analysis of the impact of different growth strategies on poverty and income distribution, without making use of the “representative agent” assumption. The model...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16314

AUTOGESTÃO E ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA NO ESTADO DO ACRE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Franco,   Carlos Alberto; Marques,   Adriana Da Silva; Silva,   Pablo Marques Da; Cunha,   Davilson Marques; Paula,   Rondinelli Vitorino De.
Devido o aumento do desemprego e as péssimas condições de trabalho varias iniciativas vem se desenvolvendo no Brasil no campo da economia solidária. As experiências de geração de trabalho e renda vem se desenvolvendo em todas as regiões do país, de forma solidaria e associativa. Essas iniciativas que se mostravam isoladas deram lugar a uma realidade que se expande, motivando a ação de entidades de classe e de política públicas, orientadas para uma economia alternativa que está em processo de formação. A idéia do trabalho é refletir sobre essa nova forma de organização que vem crescendo no Estado do Acre, sendo assim este trabalho tem como objetivo geral traçar o perfil dos empreendimentos solidários no Estado do...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economia Solidária; Autogestão e Geração de Trabalho e Renda; Economic solidarity; Selfmanagment; Income; Work; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109442

Do Natural Disasters Affect Trust/Trustworthiness? Evidence from the 2010 Chilean Earthquake
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   David A.; Chong,   Alberto E.; Bejarano,   Hernan D.
A series of trust games were conducted in Chile to analyze whether the past 2010 earthquake affected trust and trustworthiness in rural communities. Results show that trust levels are invariant between villages affected by the earthquake and villages not affected by this shock (control group). However, we find statistical evidence that trustworthiness has diminished  in areas affected by the earthquake. Results are relevant for policy regarding aid and recovery of communities affected by these types of disasters.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Trust games; Natural disasters; Trustworthiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; C93; O13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104522

Land Sovereignty and Tree-Planting in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Betz,   Michael R.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Trees; Tree planting; Uganda; Land; Land rights; Sovereignty; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103534

Tracing the Poverty Impact of Market Reforms in Bangladesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; Bhuiyan,   Nazmul; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper analyse the impact of market reforms on poverty in Bangladesh. To estimate the poverty impact at household level, a binary logit model has been estimated with two latest waves of  household income and expenditure data from Bangladesh. The results show that a significant improvement has been made in reducing poverty in the recent decades. As a net importing country, liberalization might has direct impact on household’s real income through the changes of real rice prices. The results also show that net rice buyer households are poorer than net rice sellers. So, decreased rice prices in domestic markets induced by liberalization have benefited the net rice buyers in Bangladesh, hence poverty declines.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market reforms; Poverty; Bangladesh; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123758

ECONOMIC GROWTH: LESSONS FROM TWO CENTURIES OF AMERICAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mundlak,   Yair.
Revision of February 2003 paper.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14986

COOPERAÇÃO E PROPENSÃO AO EMPREENDEDORISMO: VICISSITUDES NO APL DE PISCICULTURA, REGIÃO DO BAIXO SÃO FRANCISCO NO ESTADO DA BAHIA.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baiardi,   Amilcar; Mendes,   Januzia; Ramos,   Elizabeth Maria; Pinto,   Vivian Liborio; Santos,   Robson Andrade.
O estudo das aglomerações produtivas, mais comumente chamadas no Brasil de Arranjos Produtivos Locais, ou apenas “APLs”, ganhou impulso nas últimas décadas em virtude da importância de algumas experiências bem-sucedidas de desenvolvimento de capacitações produtivas e empresariais nesse tipo de organização territorial da produção. Além disso, essas estruturas produtivas localizadas passaram a ser crescentemente foco da atenção de diversos órgãos públicos e instituições por meio de  ações e medidas de apoio e ao desenvolvimento da competitividade das empresas locais.O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as aderências dos casos do APL de piscicultura, do Baixo São Francisco no Estado da Bahia, município de Paulo Afonso, ao modelo ideal de APL e, com isso,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Habitats da Inovação; Desenvolvimento Econômico; Aglomerações Produtivas; Ciência e Tecnologia; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109817

COMMENTS ON LABOR-INTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT--THEORY AND IMPLICATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rochin,   Refugio I.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32215

Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Croser,   Johanna L.; Anderson,   Kym.
For decades, agricultural price and trade policies in Sub-Saharan Africa hampered farmers’ contributions to economic growth and poverty reduction. While there has been much policy reform over the past two decades, the injections of agricultural development funding, together with on-going regional and global trade negotiations, have brought distortionary policies under the spotlight once again. A key question asked of those policies is: how much are they still reducing national economic welfare and trade? Economy-wide models are able to address that question, but they are not available for many poor countries. Even where they are, typically they apply to just one particular previous year and so are unable to provide trends in effects over time. This paper...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Distorted incentives; Agricultural price and trade policies; Trade restrictiveness index; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58879

Democracy and Economic Growth in China: Evidence from Cointegration and Causality Testing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Narayan,   Paresh Kumar; Smyth,   Russell.
This article considers the relationship between democracy and economic growth in China using the Error-Correction Mechanism test for cointegration, Autoregressive Distributed Lag modelling, Granger causality and dynamic modelling via variance decomposition and impulse response analysis. Our main findings are that in the long run the lack of democracy in China has had a statistically significant negative effect on real income, while in the short run democracy has had a statistically insignificant effect on economic growth. Our results suggest that in the long run growth in capital, labour and democracy Granger cause economic growth, while in the short run there is bi-directional Granger causality between democracy and economic growth.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: China; Democracy; Economic growth; International Development; C22; E23.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50282

THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF AIDS ON POPULATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Lynn R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16334

Linkages Between Child Nutrition and Agricultural Growth in Mali: A Summary of Preliminary Findings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Wise,   Victoria; Staatz,   John M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11340

Inclusive Development: Two Papers on Conceptualization, Application, and the ADB Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rauniyar,   Ganesh P.; Kanbur,   Ravi.
This compendium brings together two companion papers on inclusive development. The first paper uses the global literature to formulate a conceptualisation of inclusive development and inclusive growth, and to put the conceptualisation through its paces by applying it to the specific case of donor assistance to rural infrastructure. The second paper conducts a detailed review and a synthesis of Asian Development Bank literature on inclusive growth and inclusive development, to see how one particular international organization has addressed, and attempted to resolve, the analytical and operational issues associated with inclusive development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57036

INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN INDIAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pal,   Suresh; Mruthyunjaya; Joshi,   P.K.; Saxena,   Raka.
Globalization, privatization and scientific advancements pose new challenges and opportunities for the development of Indian agriculture.  The emerging paradigm shifts focus to creation and application of new knowledge for agricultural development and global competitiveness.  To facilitate this shift and realize greater economic efficiency, a new set of responsive institutions should emerge.  This volume discusses the direction of institutional change in Indian agriculture.  The roles of the state, markets and collective actions are examined for evolving the knowledge-intensive agriculture.  The contributed papers from a number of leading researchers cover the institutions for R&amp;D, land and water resources, credit, marketing, trade and agro-processing.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11869

New institutional arrangements and standard adoption: Evidence from small-scale fruit and vegetable farmers in Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sarah,   Kersting; Meike,   Wollni.
This paper presents an analysis of GlobalGAP adoption by small-scale fruit and vegetable farmers in Thailand focusing on GlobalGAP group certification, the costs and perceived benefits of GlobalGAP adoption, and the factors influencing standard adoption. GlobalGAP is the most important private standard for producers in the Thai horticultural sector concerning access to high-value markets, especially to Europe. We find that support by donors, exporters and public-private partnerships is vital to enable small-scale farmers to adopt the standard. GlobalGAP group certification encourages the formation of new institutional arrangements between farmers, exporters and donors. In our sample only participants from a development program were successful in adopting...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Private standards; Food safety; GlobalGAP adoption; New institutional arrangements; Small-scale farmers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123537

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT BY EUROPEAN FOOD RETAILING FIRMS INTO ASIA, EASTERN EUROPE, AND LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ehmke,   Mariah D.
This research determines significant characteristics that can be used to identify developing countries which are likely to receive foreign direct investment into their food retailing industry.  It also tests the likelihood that a real option value exists for the investment and that there is a first-mover advantage into new markets.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20071

China's Economic Performance and Transition in Relation to Globalisation: From Isolation to Centre-Stage?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
This paper considers China’s global economic situation in relation to the general process of globalisation.  After discussing the general process of economic globalisation, it examines political change and transition of the former communist planned economies, especially China’s, and their impact on globalisation.  Then it provides measures of the recent expansion of economic globalisation and China’s involvement in this process.  Positive and negative socioeconomic impacts of globalisation are highlighted.  China’s progress in catching up with more developed economies and the dynamics of its economic growth and future prospects for this growth are examined in a global context.  The question is posed of whether globalisation is likely to result in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Globalisation; China; Global environmental impacts; Natural resources; China's economic growth.; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90544

Is There Surplus Labor in Rural India?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foster,   Andrew D.; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
We show empirically using panel data at the plot and farm level and based on a model incorporating supervision costs, risk, credit-market imperfections and scale-economies associated with mechanization that small-scale farming is inefficient in India. Larger farms are more profitable per acre, more mechanized, less constrained in input use after bad shocks, and employ less per-acre labor than small farms. Based on our structural estimates of the effects of farm size on labor use and the distribution of Indian landholdings, we estimate that over 20% of the Indian agricultural labor force is surplus if minimum farm scale is 20 acres.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; India; Scale; Profits; Labor; Tractors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; O16; O53.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95273

Financial Development and International Agricultural Trade: Is There A Connection?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Susanto,   Dwi; Rosson,   C. Parr, III.
This study empirically investigates the possible link between financial development and international agricultural trade using binomial models of the gravity equations. Financial development is measured by a constructed financial reforms index. The results provide some evidence on the positive impacts of financial reform on agricultural exports. The results further indicate that countries with a greater degree of financial development as exhibited by advanced countries tend to have larger impacts on agricultural exports. Bilateral trade involving advanced countries has a larger magnitude of impacts of financial reforms on agricultural trade than those involving developing countries
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural trade; Binomial model; Financial reform; Gravity model; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98479

The economic and social weight of small scale agriculture. Evidence from the Rural Income Generating Activities survey data.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karfakis,   Panagiotis; Hammam Howe,   Tarek.
In current economic reality, there seems to be a clear need to recognize, characterize and place small scale agriculture in a setup which accounts for novel trends in the modes of doing business in the global economy and with respect to the changing role of agriculture along development transition. Providing that ground it will make it possible to design and promote appropriate policy strategies that will best accommodate small scale farmers’ needs and exploit their potential for agricultural development. The present paper employs a multi country household survey database developed from ESA-FAO, and a series of ad hoc land thresholds to categorize rural households as small or large scale farmers and identify some of their key characteristics as well as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Small scale agriculture; Household survey data; Developing countries; International Development; Production Economics; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52851

ARER Guidelines for Manuscript Submission
Provedor de dados: 31
Inside back cover
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55554

The Internet's Contribution to Progress and Growth in Germany: The Economic Impact of the Internet and the Price Structure of Access
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cigan,   Heidi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26072

Estimation of Actual and potential adoption rates and determinants of a new technology not universally known in the population: The case of NERICA rice varieties in Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diagne,   Aliou; Sogbossi,   Marie-Josee; Simtowe,   Franklin; Diawara,   Sekou; Diallo,   Abdoulaye Sadio; Barry,   Alpha Bacar.
The NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice varieties, developed by the Africa Rice Center during the 1990s, are providing hopes for raising the productivity of upland rice farmers in Africa because of their reported high yield potential and adaptability to the African conditions. The varieties are new and not widely disseminated in farming communities and there is lot of interest in the donor community in knowing their potential for widespread adoption across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).  However, when a technology is new and the target population is not universally exposed it, the observed sample adoption rate and classical models of adoption widely used in adoption studies does not inform reliably on its potential adoption and constraint to it in the full...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: NERICA varieties; Technology Diffusion and adoption; Average Treatment Effect; Guinea; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C13; O33; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51644

Microfinance for Agricultural Firms-  Credit Access and Loan Repayment in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weber,   Ron; Musshoff,   Oliver.
On the example of a commercial microfinance institution (MFI) in Tanzania this paper investigates first whether agricultural firms have a different probability to get a loan and whether their loans are differently volume rationed than loans to non-agricultural firms. Second, we analyze whether agricultural firms repay their loans with different delinquencies than non-agricultural firms. Our results reveal that agricultural firms face higher obstacles to get credit but as soon as they have access to credit, their loans are not differently volume rationed than those of non-agricultural firms. Furthermore, agricultural firms are less often delinquent when paying back their loans than non-agricultural firms. Our findings suggest that a higher risk exposition...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; Access to Credit; Loan Repayment; Microfinance Institutions; Financial Economics; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; G21; G32; Q14.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122552

Sectoral Growth in Chile: 1962-82
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coeymans,   Juan Eduardo; Mundlak,   Yair.
To understand the time path of agricultural development, the cause for the variability in sectoral outputs must be examined as part of the general process of economic growth. Such as examination is the focus of this report by Juan Eduardo Coeymans and Yair Mundiak, which appears at a time when there is a great deal of interest in the ability to sustain agricultural as well as general economic growth. This research extends beyond previous studies of agricultural growth at IFPRI by Mudlak and his associates by looking at the economy as consisting of five sectors that vary in their degree of tradablilty as well as in other attributes that caused differential response to the rapidly changing economic conditions in Chile from 1960 on. The study uses an...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Chile; Economic conditions; Econometric models; Agriculture; Economic aspects; 1918; International Development.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37964

AFRICA GROWTH AND OPPORTUNITY ACT (AGOA) AND AFRICAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akanji,   O.O.
AGOA directs the President of the United States to convene an annual meeting between the U.S. government and representatives of eligible African countries and to prepare an annual report to Congress on U.S. trade and investment policies with sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Currently, Angola, Gabon, Nigeria and South Africa- accounted for the bulk (84 percent) of U.S. total imports from SSA. Since the passage of AGOA, the business climate has improved for non-agricultural exports and growth in these sectors has made relatively low direct benefits to Africa’s poor. Consequently, expanding AGOA’s application to African agriculture would have a significant impact on reducing hunger and poverty and therefore, on improving overall conditions in SSA. As a result of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; AGOA; United States; Agriculture; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54384

THE ROLE OF EXPORTS IN ECONOMIC GROWTH WITH REFERENCE TO ETHIOPIAN COUNTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chemeda,   Faye Ensermu.
This study applies the Cobb-Douglas function model to analyze the effects of exports on economic growth in context of Ethiopian economy. To determine the relationship between export and economic growth, an attempt will be made to use econometrics techniques of analysis (co-integration system) by using the RATS software package for the time series data from 1950 to 1986. The lack of capital stock data is overcome by using the ratio of real investment to real gross domestic product (I/Y), in a place of capital stock while lack of labour force data is overcome by using the real gross domestic product per capita. The results suggest that the real export and (I/Y) are co-integrated with real GDP per capita. These results of the findings support the idea that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20569

Attacking Poverty: What is the Value Added of a Human Rights Approach?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51113

The Impact of HIV on Total Factor Productivity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alemu,   Zerihun Gudeta; Roe,   Terry L.; Smith,   Rodney B.W.
This study investigates whether HIV prevalence rates impact TFP growth. We construct a panel of data on general macroeconomic indicators and HIV prevalence rates for over 100 countries, for the years 1994 through 2002, and estimate the impact of HIV on TFP growth rates for each country. We find that HIV can have a large negative impact on factor productivity growth in Southern African countries. For example, factor productivity growth in Lesotho falls by up to 23%, and for South Africa factor productivity growth falls by up to 15%. We then investigate the potential impact of the disease on the economic growth of Lesotho and South Africa. This is accomplished by calibrating a single sector, neoclassical model of economic growth with endogenous savings to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12976

FOSTERING GLOBAL WELL-BEING: A NEW PARADIGM TO REVITALIZE AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bathrick,   David D.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16238

SOCIAL CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH:  A COUNTY-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rupasingha,   Anil; Goetz,   Stephan J.; Freshwater,   David.
The effect of social capital on economic growth is examined using linear regression analysis and U.S. county-level data.  Results reveal that social capital has a statistically significant, independent positive effect on the rate of per-capita income growth.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Social capital; U.S. counties; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15318

INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anwer,   Muhammad Sarfraz; Sampath,   Rajan K.
We used unit root and cointegration techniques to determine the long run relationship between GDP and investment for 90 countries using data from World Bank for the period 1960-1992.  In the first step of our analysis we found GDP and investment integrated of different orders for 33 countries.  Second step of our analysis shows no cointegration between GDP and investment for 25 countries and cointegration for 25 countries with both variables of order I(1). The other 7 countries with both variables of order I(0) are in long run relation and do not need cointegration test. To determine the direction of causal effect between GDP and investment we used Granger causality test as the third step of our analysis.  We found causality in the short run for 15...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35713

Potential Impact on World Agricultural Markets of Policy Reform in Central and Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koopman,   Robert B.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50881

Regional Inequality In China: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Kanbur,   Ravi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
China’s spectacular growth and poverty reduction has been accompanied by growing inequality which threatens the social compact and thus the political basis for economic growth and social development. The regional dimension of inequality— rural/urban, inland/coastal and provincial—dominates in a country as large as China, and especially with its particular history. The three of us have been researching Chinese regional inequality for over a decade. In a series of papers which have been published in peer reviewed journals, we have been involved in a systematic investigation into the nature and evolution of regional inequality in China. The object of this volume is to bring together a selection of these papers by us and our co-authors, so that researchers and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; China; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51157

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE BRAZILIAN FRONTIER: SOUTHERN MATO GROSSO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sanders,   John H.; Bein,   Frederick L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13841

A Case Study of Regulation in Zambia’s Cotton Sector.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Kabwe,   Stephen.
Cotton is an unquestioned success of Zambia’s turn towards a market economy. After privatization in late 1994, seed cotton production rose from 32,000 metric tons (mt) to about 180,000 mt a decade later (three-year averages centered on 1994 and 2005). The number of farmers involved in the sector grew similarly, yields trended upwards (though slowly), and the country dramatically improved the quality of its lint, becoming the outstanding performer  in Sub-Saharan Africa in this regard by the mid-2000s. Yet the sector has experienced two serious crashes since reform, both involving rampant credit default by farmers supported with seasonal input credit by ginning companies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Cotton; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62145

Decoupled Payments to EU Farmers, Production, and Trade: An Economic Analysis for Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald; Noleppa,   Steffen; Schwarz,   Gerald.
After an extended process of reform the European Union has introduced direct payments to farmers which are decoupled from production decisions as a central element of its Common Agricultural Policy. They are also referred to as Single Farm Payments. In this paper we analyze the production and trade effects of this policy and its compatibility with WTO international trade rules. A survey of the literature suggests that the system of direct payments in its present form has effects which are analogous to a subsidization of agricultural land. Thus, they act to increase production and trade. Furthermore we quantify the total economic cost of production of selected commodities in the European Union and compare them to the price at which EU production is sold in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: European Union; Common Agricultural Policy; WTO rules; Decoupled payments; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59853

Application of a Network Science Approach to Post-Conflict/Post-Disaster Agricultural System Reconstruction and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peck,   Eric; Kemmet,   Lynndee.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103948

Economic Development and the Competitive Process
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Metcalfe,   John S.; Ramlogan,   Ronnie; Uyarra,   E.
The concepts of competition and its derivatives, competitiveness and competitive advantage feature as highly on the current development agendas and policy debates of developing countries as they do in the developed world, yet they are sufficiently opaque to make any discussion of the relationship between economic development and competition a matter to be negotiated with some difficulty. In this short essay we review some recent thinking on the connection between competition and development as a prelude to a study of wider concerns about innovation, income distribution, competition and development policy. The position we take is that the problems of competitiveness and economic development are isomorphic by virtue of being examples of the phenomenon of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30612

Agglomeration, Spatial Interaction and Convergence in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brauninger,   Michael; Niebuhr,   Annekatrin.
We investigate the convergence process among EU regions between 1980-2002 taking into account the effects of spatial heterogeneity and spatial spillover effects. The spatial regimes model allows for different steady-state growth paths. In contrast to previous analyses, the regimes in this paper refer to spatial categories, i.e. we assume that agglomerations, urbanised and rural regions are characterised by group-specific steadystates. Moreover, the regression analysis considers the effects of interaction among neighbouring regions, possibly leading to a spatial dependence of regional growth rates. We check whether spatial dependence is caused by spatial spillovers or based on country effects.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Convergence; Agglomeration; European Union; Spatial econometrics; Quantile regression; International Development; C21; O52; R11.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26150

Divergence - Is it Geography?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Straubhaar,   Thomas; Suhrcke,   Marc; Urban,   Dieter.
This paper tests a geography and growth model using regional data for Europe, the US, and Japan. We set up a standard geography and growth model with a poverty trap and derive a log-linearized growth equation that corresponds directly to a threshold regression technique in econometrics. In particular, we test whether regions with high population density (centers) grow faster and have a permanently higher per capita income than regions with low population density (peripheries). We find geography driven divergence for US states and European regions after 1980. Population density is superior in explaining divergence compared to initial income which the most important official EU eligibility criterium for regional aid is built on. Divergence is stronger on...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Threshold estimation; New economic geography; Regional income; Growth; Poverty trap; Regime shifts; Bootstrap; International Development; O41; R11; F12.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26350

Political and Economic Prospects for Mozambique and Angola
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kyle,   Steven C.
This paper discusses similarities and differences in the political and economic prospects for Angola and Mozambique. Central to the posing of these questions is the meaning and usefulness of putting these two countries in the same category. While both share some elements of a common colonial history, their similarities are in many respects outweighed by their differences. Angola is a country whose economy is dominated by huge oil revenues and whose governing party, the MPLA, recently won a military victory over its long time opposition, UNITA. UNITA, though now much weakened, nevertheless represents the legitimate interests of a large segment of the population, whose home provinces are the most agriculturally favored in the country. Mozambique is a country...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121118

Organizational-legal aspects of scientific-technical and innovative development of Uzbekistan in globalization era
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alimov,   Avaz; Vapaeva,   Guzal.
Efficient protection of intellectual property provides not only commercialization of objects, but also activization of innovative activity as a whole, stimulation of national and international investments into economy. The paper describes features of legal protection institutions  in Uzbekistan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Science and innovative  activity; Legal issues; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O34.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94531

Agricultural Development and Child Nutrition: What do We Know?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Penders,   Christopher L.; Staatz,   John M.; Tefft,   James F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 6.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11303

Equity Within and Between Nations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi; Spence,   A. Michael.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55932

CAN ECONOMIC GROWTH BE SUSTAINED? A POST-MALTHUSIAN PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
During the late 1990's, a spurt of growth in output and productivity led the business press, and some economists, to proclaim that the economy had entered a new era in which the old rules that governed cyclical and secular growth in the past no longer obtained. In the paper I present the results of a two sector economic growth model that demonstrates that as the share of the goods producing sectors (agriculture and manufacturing) continue to decline the service sector will have to bear almost the entire burden of sustaining productivity growth in the U.S. economy. A clear implication is that the rate of productivity growth, and the rate of output, will regress toward the rate of growth in its least productive sectors.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14276

Economic Globalisation: The Process and its Potential, Social, Economic and Environmental Impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
After economic globalisation is defined, the factors that have favoured it in recent times are outlined and the process is placed in a historical context. Measures of the recent expansion in economic globalisation are given, such as trends in the proportion of global GDP traded internationally, and the relative size of global FDI. China’s comparative economic openness compared to the rest of the world is discussed. Potential positive and negative economic and social impacts of globalisation are explored, taking into account important economic theories. Particular attention is given to globalisation and the evolutionary dynamics of economic growth by considering the economic ‘catching up’ phase of countries, such as China, and by placing this in a general...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Globalisation; GDP; FDI; China; Social impacts of globalisation; Economic growth; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90539

Interconnected firms’ relationships as a source of a competitive advantage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rudawska,   Iga.
The mainstream economy poses the opinion that a competitive advantage lies in resources, and, consequently - in competences as well - being a share of a single company and remaining under its sole control. Recently, some researchers (e.g. Castaldo, 2007; Lavie, 2006) have revised that approach and tend to emphasise the role of other sources of competitive advantage in business strategy, which embrace new, intangible assets. Such assets are being born and developed only within the inter-firm relationships built in network environment. Thus, the presented paper focuses on relational-based approach towards gaining relational rent. It aims at discussing the sources of an appropriated relational rent and, presenting - after Lavie, a new types of rent extracted...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Enterprise; Relationship management; Competition; Relational rent; Partnership.; International Development; M10; M31; I11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95946

On the Growth Performance of Sub-Saharan African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Busse,   Matthias.
The article discusses some of the most important reasons for the poor growth performance of most countries in sub-Saharan Africa. While high protection levels in high-income countries in Europe and North America for agricultural trade have been cited as a major impediment for the development of African countries, they are unlikely to play a major role. Rather, a lack of integration into world markets and the relatively poor quality of African institutions are more likely to explain the low growth rates.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Growth; Institutions; Sub-Saharan Africa; Trade; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; N17; O43.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93797

Enhancing Sustainable Development of Diverse Agriculture in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siregar,   Masdjidin; Suryadi,   Muhammad.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92940

Scope Economies of Lending and Collecting Deposits in Microfinance Institutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartarska,   Valentina M.; Parmeter,   Christopher F.
While economies of scope of lending and mobilizing deposits in banking are justified theoretically (Diamond, 1984) and found empirically (see Saunders, 1999), in microfinance, the existence and the magnitudes of scope economies has not been investigated. We use a semi parametric smooth coefficient model to estimate these economies using the largest publicly available dataset of over 2,800 annual observations from MFIs across the world. We accommodate the outreach objective of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) by measuring outputs as the number of clients (borrowers and savers) rather than the traditional volume of loans and deposits and compare the results from the two cost functions. We find substantial scope economies of 47 percent on average. The results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Scope Economies; Microfinance Institutions; Rural Banks; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; G21; F30; C14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51799

Sustaining and Accelerating Africa’s Agricultural Growth Recovery in the Context of Changing Global Food Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badiane,   Ousmane.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50000

Sustainable Development and Intergenerational Equity: Issues Relevant to India and Globally
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
As outlined, recurring concerns have surfaced since the 1700s that economic growth may prove to be unsustainable. These concerns have been expressed again and have intensified in recent decades but their foundation differs from that of Malthus. The rapid economic growth of China and India have added to these worries. Recent discussions by economists of the desirability of achieving sustainable economic development have mainly focused on measures to attain intergenerational equity in resource use and the dominant view is that each succeeding generation should be at least as well-off as its predecessor. While this is said to be an implication of Rawls’ principle of justice, this dominant rule does not fully reflect Rawls’ principle and it also can violate...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Economic growth; India; Intergenerational equity; Rawls’ principle of justice; Sustainable economic development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; O13; O44; Q01.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97470

How Fast are Small Tourist Countries Growing? The 1980-2003 Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pigliaru,   Francesco; Brau,   Rinaldo; Lanza,   Alessandro.
We analyze the empirical relationship between growth, country size and tourism specialization by using a dataset covering the period 1980-2003. We find that tourism countries grow significantly faster than all the other sub-groups considered in our analysis. Tourism appears to be an independent determining factor for growth, and the reason for that is neither because they are poorer than the average, nor because they are very open to trade. Another finding of our paper is that small states are fast-growing only when they are highly specialized in tourism. In contrast with some previous conclusions in the literature, smallness per se is not good for growth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12129

IS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR GROWTH A PRECONDITION FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH?  THE CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Poonyth,   Daneswar; Hassan,   Rashid M.; Kirsten,   Johann F.; Calcaterra,   M.
In this paper a simple growth model is adapted to explain the effect of the agricultural sectors' growth on the non-agricultural sector.  The empirical results suggest that for a 1% growth in the agricultural sector, the non-agricultural sector responds by more than 1%.  The results also confirm that productivity difference exists, the non-agricultural sector being more efficient in terms of input use.  The empirical results support the argument of President T. Mbeki, that South Africa should follow an "agricultural-led" growth strategy for successful development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18044

World Rice Outlook  International Rice Baseline Projections, 2011-2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wailes,   Eric J.; Chavez,   Eddie C.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International rice; Baseline projections; Policy; Arkansas Global Rice Model; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; C02; F01; F14; F17; Q17; Q18; R11.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112998

Crop Improvement in the CGIAR as a Global Success Story of Open Access and International Collaboration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Byerlee,   Derek R.; Dubin,   H. Jesse.
Paper presented at the International Conference on the Microbial Commons, Ghent, Belgium, June 12-13th, 2009
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Open access; Plant breeding; Genetic resources; International treaties; International public goods; Wheat; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55482

Identification of pulling factors for enhancing the sustainable development of diverse agriculture in Myanmar
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kyi,   Aung.
The study on Myanmar consists mainly of field surveys conducted in agro-ecologically distinct sites in two townships in Myanmar , namely Thonegwa Township in the delta area and Monywa Township in the central dry zone. Survey design covers the profiles of the study sites, respondents and their households, overall conditions of secondary farming, the marketing and industrial processing systems, the effect of agricultural diversification on poverty alleviation, risk mitigation and environmental conservation, policy impact, infrastructure and institutional support, and the potential and constraints for enhancing sustainable agricultural diversification at the study sites.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32725

BRAZIL: THE FUTURE OF MODERN AGRICULTURE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Matthey,   Holger; Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Fuller,   Frank H.
In an attempt to understand better Brazil'’s future role in agricultural markets, the authors of this report traveled to Brazil on a fact-finding mission in September 2003. The goal was to get a first-hand impression of Brazil’'s agricultural sector and especially its future potential. In this report we provide a general description of crop and livestock production, government policies, public and private cooperation, and transportation and biotechnology issues. The most striking observations made during our time in Brazil was the universal sense of optimism expressed by producers, government officials, agronomists, and market analysts about the future growth of Brazilian agricultural production. Does that mean Brazil, as one person suggested, is the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural policy; Biotechnology; Infrastructure; Brazil; Production; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18705

Agricultural and Food Security Policy Analysis in Central America: Assessing Local Institutional Capacity, Data Availability, and Outcomes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Flores,   Luis; Mather,   David.
Performance of the agricultural sector in developing countries is fundamental to ensuring robust and equitable economic growth and broad-based food security. Yet donor support to agricultural development in developing countries has declined continuously for 30 years. This same period saw dramatic deterioration in developing countries’ institutional capacity to provide services to their agricultural sectors. These trends may now be changing, due in part to the global food price crisis of 2007 and 2008 and concerns that it unleashed about the world’s ability to feed its poorest inhabitants. This paper reports on the results of a two week trip to Guatemala and Nicaragua made by Michigan State University’s Food Security Group. The purpose of the trip was to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Guatemala; Nicaragua; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90991

What You Don’t Know Can Hurt You: Micronutrient Content and Fungal Contamination of Foods in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoffmann,   Vivian.
The negative effects of micronutrient deficiencies on human capital acquisition and economic productivity are well documented. A less well understood but potentially serious threat to human health in developing countries is the contamination of food crops by fungal toxins. This paper surveys what is known about the health and economic burdens attributable to insufficient micronutrients and toxic contamination of food in developing countries, discusses consumer demand for micronutrients and food safety, and describes some of the challenges to improving population nutrition, particularly in rural areas.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Micronutrients; Aflatoxin; Developing countries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55548

Group versus Individual Liability: Long Term Evidence from Philippine Microcredit Lending Groups
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gine,   Xavier; Karlan,   Dean S.
Group liability in microcredit purports to improve repayment rates through peer screening, monitoring, and enforcement. However, it may create excessive pressure, and discourage reliable clients from borrowing. Two randomized trials tested the overall effect, as well as specific mechanisms. The first removed group liability from pre-existing groups and the second randomly assigned villages to either group or individual liability loans. In both, groups still held weekly meetings. We find no increase in default and larger groups after three years in pre-existing areas, and no change in default but fewer groups created after two years in the expansion areas.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Group lending; Group liability; Joint liability; Social capital; Microenterprises; Informal economies; Access to finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; C93; D71; D82; D91; G21; O12; O16; O17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50951

An Economic Study of Small Pigholders in Vietnam: Some Insights Gained and the Scope for Further Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Some relevant background to this research project is provided by outlining selected features of Vietnam’s pig industry. Then the main findings (in the view of the author) from this ACIAR-funded research are presented. These results include (1) natural protection given to Vietnam’s pig producers from imports as a result of the nature of the preferences of Vietnamese consumers: (2) the importance of household labour, especially that provided by females, in the husbandry of pigs held by households; (3) the existence, or otherwise, of scale economies as a function of the number of pigs held by households, (4) the import dependence for pig food of Vietnam’s pig industry and the way in which it varies with the number of pigs kept by households; (5)...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Vietnam; Pigs; Household agriculture; Farm sizes; Agricultural policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Q1.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90630

Effectiveness of agricultural extension with respect to farm size: The case of Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Betz,   Michael R.
Raising the incomes of agricultural households is central to reducing poverty in Uganda. In many areas of the country agriculture has encroached into marginal or fragile lands, leaving little room for the expansion of agricultural lands (Kraybill, Bashaasha, and Betz 2009). Additionally, soil degradation has become a barrier to agricultural productivity (Pender et al. 2004), especially in the Eastern region of the country. Farmers now look for alternatives that will increase output without further depleting soil fertility or expanding into fragile lands. Agricultural extension is the primary government mechanism through which developing country governments attempt to improve the knowledge and methods that farmers use to increase output; However, many...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Africa; Agriculture; Extension; Productivity; NAADS; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49471

Motive beim Weinkonsum – Unterschiede zwischen deutschen und ukrainischen Konsumenten
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rewerts,   Astrid Lucie.
The aim of this study is to contribute to the explanation of consumer behaviour. To do so, it is not sufficient to identify the product characteristics most relevant to the consumer. Moreover, the reasons why consumers attach meaning to the product attributes have to be found out, whereas the consideration of the reasons why consumers prefer certain product attributes should not stick to the functional use of products. The reason for this is that according to Means-End-Chain-Theory product attributes are of little importance to the consumers who try to achieve benefits, i.e. certain consequences with the aid of product attributes. However, the prospect of buying different products does not have to be the achievement of consequences. In contrast,...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92314

U.S. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND TRADE: SUBSTITUTES OR COMPLEMENTS? THE CASE OF THE FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Somwaru,   Agapi; Bolling,   H. Christine.
The role of foreign direct investment as a complement or substitute to foreign trade continues to be debated in regard to the food processing industry.  This study extends earlier work to demonstrate that FDI and trade depend on the stage and the similarities of the economic development of the host countries, as macroeconomic factors--such as exchange rate fluctuations and income growth-- act differently in developing vs. developed countries, and exporting vs. importing countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21715

The Stability of Exchange Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dooan,   Gonul; van Assen,   M.A.L.M.; van de Rijt,   Arnout; Buskens,   Vincent.
This paper develops a formal model of exchange network stability that combines expected value theory (Friedkin 1995) with the economic literature on network dynamics. We identify stable networks up to size 8 for varying costs and investigate whether they are Pareto efficient and egalitarian. Only a very small number of networks are stable. Odd cycles and networks consisting of dyads and at most one isolate are the only egalitarian, efficient, and stable networks for a large cost range. We show that some of these results are generalizable to networks of any size and are independent of using expected value theory.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exchange Networks; Stability; Efficiency; Equity; Social Dilemma; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; D85.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9098

Intergenerationalities: Some Educational Questions on Quality, Quantity and Opportunity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
This paper raises a number of issues in thinking about and addressing the intergenerational transmission of disadvantage. Starting with choice subject to constraints by parents as determining outcomes for children, the paper identifies sequences of interventions to relieve “binding constraints” in the expansion of education. But the fact that parents choose for children is shown to raise a number of questions on normative aspects of inequality measurement. The main conclusions are as follows: (i) A key analytical task is to identify whether education is supply constrained or demand constrained; (ii) The cost-benefit analysis of identifying the “most binding constraint” requires the estimation of an education quality production function; (iii) The recent...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intergenerationalities; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48922

Agricultural Development and Land Policy in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114071

The potential impact of the EU-ACP economic partnership Agreement: A case study of the Ugandan horticulture sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Economic Policy Research Centre.
Uganda has had formal trade ties with Europe since 1973 when, together with several other commonwealth countries, it signed the Lomé Convention. However, trade relations between Europe and Africa started much earlier, in 1957, at first covering 18 francophone countries and six European countries. The Lomé Conventions granted countries like Uganda non-reciprocal trade preferences with the European Community (EC) and later European Union (EU)...Uganda’s current and potential exports to the EU include traditionally sensitive agricultural products such as: maize, sugar, coffee, cotton, bananas, milk and dairy products, animal products, fruit and vegetable products, and oil seed products. The risks from the EPAs can be summarized into three categories. First,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: EPRC; Horticulture trade; Trade agreements; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93811

Aid Effectiveness Reconsidered - Panel Data Evidence for the Education Sector -
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Michaelowa,   Katharina.
Applying the general question of aid effectiveness to the sector of education, this paper reveals an overall positive effect of development assistance on primary enrolment. However, even the most optimistic estimates clearly show that at any realistic rate of growth, aid will never be able to move the world markedly closer towards the internationally agreed objective of education for all. Universal primary education requires increased efficiency of educational spending by donors and national governments alike. Moreover, the recipient countries' general political and institutional background matters. Under conditions of bad governance, the impact of aid on enrolment can actually turn negative.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Aid effectiveness; Primary education; Good governance; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; F350; O150; I220.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26374

The Evolution of Development Thinking: Theory and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
This paper makes an effort to trace the course of development thinking and associated development policy over the past six decades. Section I focuses on the early Post-War Consensus, with theory focused on extensions of classical dualism theory and policy concentrating on creating the pre-conditions for development. Section II traces the increasing awareness of the role of prices, a diminishing reliance on the developmentalist state and an increased reliance on structural adjustment lending associated with IFI conditionality. Section III illuminates the search for “silver bullets” which can be identified as key to the achievement of success. Finally, Section IV presents the author’s assessment of where we are now and where we will, or should be, heading in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Development theory; Development policy; International Development; O11; O20.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28528

SOUTH AFRICAN AGRICULTURE IN TRANSITION: THE 1990'S
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Zyl,   Johan; Vink,   Nick; Kirsten,   Johann F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18073

Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) scheme design in rural Tanzania: Famers’ preferences for enforcement and payment options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaczan,   David; Swallow,   Brent M.; Adamowicz,   Wiktor L.
Replaced with revised version of paper 09/27/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Payment for ecosystem services; Conditionality; Willingness to accept; Tanzania; Biodiversity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103673

Report on The Twentieth West Indies Agricultural Economics Conference
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McIntosh,   Curtis.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Curtis McIntosh; Carlisle A. Pemberton; West Indies Agricultura Economics Conference; Caribbean Agro-Economic Society; International Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44547

Cotton Price Policy and New Cereal Technology in the Malian Cotton Zone
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coulibaly,   Jeanne Y.; Sanders,   John H.; Preckel,   Paul V.; Baker,   Timothy G.
During the last decade, cotton production and area have been declining as a result of depleting soil nutrients and low cotton prices in the cotton zone of Mali. This paper shows that the Malian government’s 2011 policy to increase the farm gate cotton price as a response to world cotton price increase enhances farm income but has less impact on cotton than on maize production. A complementary policy of introducing new sorghum technologies would have an equal impact on farmers’ incomes in the cotton zone of Mali.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cotton prices; Improved sorghum technology; Discrete stochastic programming; Mali; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103755

Macroeconomic and welfare consequences of high energy prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Twimukye,   Evarist P.; Matovu,   John Mary.
The current wave of volatile international oil process coupled with the low hydro-energy generation continues to exert negative impacts on the Ugandan economy. This paper analyzes the extent to which changes in energy prices affect the economy and examines policy options that can be undertaken to circumvent the negative effects. The impact of higher oil prices takes a large toll on all sectors including agriculture, manufacturing and services. With the existing loses in productivity of generating hydro electricity, this has exacerbated the energy crisis. The combined output loss for the manufacturing sector due to increase in fuel prices and a shortage of electricity is estimated at 2 percent on annual basis. While the government has title control on the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Oil; Energy; Hydro-electricity; Public investment; Twimukye; Matovu; EPRC; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54803

CONSERVATION PAYMENTS UNDER RISK: A STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benitez,   Pablo C.; Kuosmanen,   Timo; Olschewski,   Roland; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Conservation payments can be used to preserve forest and agroforest systems in developing countries. To explain landowners' land-use decisions and determine the appropriate conservation payments, it is necessary to focus on risk associated with agricultural price and yield volatility. A theoretical framework is provided for assessing land-use allocation problems under risk and setting risk-efficient conservation payments when returns are not necessary normally distributed. Stochastic dominance rules are used to derive conditions for determining the conservation payments required to guarantee that the environmentally-preferred land use dominates, even when land uses are not considered to be mutually exclusive. An empirical application to shaded-coffee...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18155

Do Consumers Really Care about Biotech Food Label? What Do We Know? What Else Should We Know?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xi; Zhong,   Funing; Zhou,   Bin.
This paper is Selected for presentation at the Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, January 31-February 3, 2009. The research is partially funded by ERS/USDA China Project and Social Science Fund of Jiangsu Province in China. The authors are grateful for comments from Dr. William Lin and Dr. Francis Tuan at ERS/USDA, and Prof. Loren Tauer at Cornell University. All errors are those of the authors.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotech labeling; Actual sales data; Household survey data; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46198

Emerging supply chains of indigenous pork and their impacts on small-scale farmers in upland areas of Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huong,   Pham Thi Mai; Hau,   Nguyen Van; Kaufmann,   Brigitte; Valle-Zarate,   Anne; Mergenthaler,   Marcus.
Rising incomes, urbanization and globalization have been leading to profound changes in the consumption habits of an increasing number of people in developing and transition countries, particularly in Asia. These changes are linked to increasing concerns that small-scale farmers are becoming marginalized in new market set-ups. On the back-ground of these developments we analyze how growing demand for indigenous pork – considered a specialty product among consumers in Vietnam – impacts through newly emerging supply chains on small-scale farmers in upland areas. We analyze supply chains and price transmission as well as compare the impact of marketing institutions on the economics of primary production. Results of market surveys show that carcasses of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: High-value products; Supply chains; Indigeneous pigs; Agrogenetic diversity; Marketing margins; Highlands; Developing countries; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51628

THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Irma.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25039

STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE LAND MANAGEMENT, CROP PRODUCTION, AND HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN THE HIGHLANDS OF TIGRAY, NORTHERN ETHIOPIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gebremedhin,   Berhanu; Pender,   John L.
This paper investigates strategies to improve land management, crop production and household income in the northern Ethiopian highlands based upon econometric analysis of household and plot level survey data collected from 500 households. We find that several profitable opportunities exist to improve land management, agricultural production and incomes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20161

Policies and Public Investments to Promote Smallholder Green Revolutions in Africa: Lessons from Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Many parts of Asia have achieved impressive gains in agricultural productivity and poverty reduction over the past half-century. By contrast, sustained agricultural development remains elusive in most of Africa. Policy makers are struggling to find the answers but there is no consensus about what the right mix of policies and public investments are. Can African policy makers learn from Asia’s green revolution? Conditions differ in many respects between Africa and Asia, as well as across countries within Africa, and the impacts of various investments and policies in Asia may not necessarily produce the same impacts in Africa. However, it is instructive to understand the mix of public investments and policies that helped many Asian countries achieve their...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Food policy; Smallholder; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Q18; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62157

THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN KENYA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mussukuya,   Edith Nandako.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13354

DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS AND LAND MANAGEMENT IN UGANDA: CAUSES AND IMPLICATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Jagger,   Pamela; Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Sserunkuuma,   Dick.
This paper investigates the patterns and determinants of change in livelihood strategies ("development pathways”"), land management practices, resource and human welfare conditions in Uganda since 1990, based upon a community-level survey conducted in 107 villages.  The pattern of agricultural development since 1990 involved increasing specialization and commercialization of economic activities, consistent with local comparative advantages and market liberalization.  Six dominant development pathways emerged, all but one of which involved increasing specialization in already dominant activities: expansion of cereal production, expansion of banana and coffee production, non-farm development, expansion of horticultural production, expansion of cotton, and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19814

Commodity Price Levels in Poor Countries: Recent Causes and Remedies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ogg,   Clayton W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; O13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93685

BRAZILIAN AGRICULTURE IN A CHANGED INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward.
My paper is divided into three parts. The first part contains a brief review of recent changes in the structure of the international economy. The second part briefly reviews the recent experience of Brazil in its relations to the international economy. The third section discusses some of the institutional and policy implications that follow from the previous three sections. At the end I will have some concluding comments.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14167

Characteristics Associated with Prime-Age Mortality in Eastern and Southern Africa: Evidence from Zambia and Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Kirimi,   Lilian; Kadiyala,   Suneetha.
Campaigns to prevent the spread of HIV require accurate knowledge of the characteristics of those most likely to contract the disease. Studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1980s generally found a positive correlation between socioeconomic characteristics such as education, income, and wealth and subsequent contraction of HIV. As the disease has progressed, the relationship between socioeconomic status and HIV contraction may have changed, although there is little evidence to support this. An emerging strand of the literature on the AIDS epidemic in Africa posits that poverty is increasingly associated with the spread of the disease. However, this conclusion is somewhat contentious, as other recent studies find mixed evidence of a poverty-AIDS...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Hiv/aids; Food security; Zambia; Kenya; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56782

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 5, Issue 2
Provedor de dados: 31
Table of Contents: (1) Young, Linda: "Introduction: Capacity Building and Agricultural Trade Policy Challenges in Developing Countries," pp. 171-174; (2) Young, Linda M. "Capacity Building Programs in Agricultural Trade Policy," pp. 175-184; (3) Salam, Abdul: "Distortions in Incentives to Production of Major Crops in Pakistan: 1991-2008," pp. 185-208; (4) Karim, Imad Eldin Elfadil Abdel, and David Abler: "Sudan's Proposal to Accede to the WTO: Impacts on Agricultural Markets," pp. 209-226; (4) Weerahewa, Jeevika, and Karl Meilke: "South Asian Trade Integration: The Welfare Implications of Export Taxes," pp. 227-254; (5) Miranda, Silvia Helena Galvao, and Geraldo Sant'Ana de Camargo Barros: "The Application of Intervention Models to Non-Tariff Trade...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Trade; International Development; Agricultural Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96777

AN EXPLANATION OF LAND REFORM CHOICES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
In all Central and East European countries (CEECs) land reform was a key part of the overall agrarian reforms. Various land reform procedures have been chosen and the selected procedures were not the most efficient ones in several cases. The efficiency and distributional impacts depend on the privatization and land reform process.  The paper therefore explains the choice of the land reform processes by analyzing their efficiency and distributional effects -- and how they differ between CEECs.  It starts with an overview of the post-1989 land reforms in CEECs. The second section discusses the most efficient reform processes and compares these with the effectively chosen processes, identifying in which cases governments clearly have not chosen efficient land...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31883

FOREIGN AID AND THE AFRICAN FARMER
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kane,   Samuel; Eicher,   Carl K.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11602

Agricultural Growth Linkages in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.; Hopkins,   Jane; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Hazell,   Peter B.R.; McKenna,   Anna A.; Gruhn,   Peter; Hojjati,   Behjat; Sil,   Jayashree; Courbois,   Claude B.
The wide spread increase in rural purchasing power under the Green Revolution in Asia during the 1970s was key to increased rural employment and industrialization. Studies suggested that an extra dollar of agricultural income was typically associated with an additional $0.80 of nonagricultural income from local enterprises stimulated by the spending of farm house holds. Studies in Africa, where the Green Revolution was harder to discern, tended to be much more pessimistic. This report revisits these issues using especially detailed panel data sets on rural consumption and incomes, collected by IFPRI and collaborating national institutions for a variety of purposes during the mid to late 1980s in Burkina Faso, Niger, Senegal, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Results...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Africa; Sub- Saharan; Agriculture and state; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37908

Food Self-Sufficiency, Comparative Advantage, and Agricultural Trade: A Policy Analysis Matrix for Chinese Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fang,   Cheng; Beghin,   John C.
We assess the comparative advantage and protection of China's major agricultural crops using a modified Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and 1996 to 1998 data. We consider the following commodities: early indica rice, late indica rice, japonica rice, south wheat, north wheat, south corn, north corn, sorghum, soybean, rapeseed, cotton, tobacco, sugarcane, and a subset of fruits and vegetables. Consistent with the intuition of the simple Heckscher-Ohlin model, the results strongly suggest that China has a comparative advantage in labor-intensive crops, and a disadvantage in land-intensive crops. Specifically, land-intensive grain and oilseed crops are less socially profitable than fruits and vegetables. Within the grain sector, high quality rice and high quality...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Agriculture; Comparative advantage; Protection; DRC; EPC; Agricultural trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18422

An Analysis of the Potential Impact of the Elimination of EU Export Refunds for Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar; Philippidis,   George; Toma,   Luiza; Renwick,   Alan W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109417

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 4, Number 2, Fall 2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Content: (1) Scoppola, Margherita. "Regional Integration and Production Location: What Theories (Do Not) Tell Us." (pp. 117-140); (2) Hendricks, Nathan P., and Lawton Lanier Nalley. "Who Benefits from Global Agricultural Trade Liberalization? The Case of Wheat and Maize." (pp. 141-158); (3) Wilson, William W., and Scott R. Huso. "Impacts of a Genetically Modified Fusarium Resistant Trait on Conventional Fungicide Prices and Demand." (pp. 159-176); (4) Rude, James, Derek Brewin, and Martin White. "Third Country Effects of Price Discrimination: The Case of the Canadian Wheat Board." (pp. 177-196); (5) Babula, Ronald A., and Lund Mogens. "The Emergence of U.S. Demand for Pork as an Input: Applying the Cointegrated Vector Autoregression Model to U.S....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49181

Food Security and Economic Growth in the Sahel: A Summary of the September 1989 Cereals Workshop
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Agostino,   Victoire C.; Staatz,   John M.
This paper summarizes the empirical research results presented and related discussions  at the USAID-sponsored Workshop on Food Security and Economic Growth in the Sahel, held in  Washington, D.C., September 6-8, 1989. This workshop focused on regional trade and food security  policy dialogue in anticipation of the CILSS/Club du Sahel seminar on that topic scheduled in  November. Special emphasis was given to involve participants who have conducted empirical  research in Mali, Senegal, and Niger.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Sahel regional trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Downloads December 2008 - June 2009: 5; Q18.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54737

Expected Changes in China's Grain and Oilseed Industries and Implications for the U.S. and World Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Richard D.; Koo,   Won W.
A spatial optimization model was developed to analyze the impacts of structural changes in China’s consumption of wheat, corn, rice, and soybeans on its agricultural sector and world agricultural trade. The model included 16 exporting and importing countries and regions. China was divided into 31 provinces and the United States into 24 producing regions and 10 consuming regions. The model optimizes agricultural production and distribution systems to meet the predicted demand for grains and oilseeds in 2020 under several assumptions associated with technical progress in producing the grains and oilseeds in China, the United States, and other countries.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Spatial optimization; China; Demand; Supply; Trade; Agricultural commodities; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51991

Sustainability as Comprise: An Analysis of the Farm-Level Trade-Offs Between Development Objectives in Philippine Aquaculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stevenson,   James R.; Irz,   Xavier T.
Farm-level trade-offs between development objectives are analysed using a three-stage methodological design.  Firstly, a typology of arming systems is devised, using data from a farm-level survey and the methods of principal components analysis and cluster analysis.  Five farm types are described that characterize current production practices in two regions in the Philippines.  Secondly, a set of sustainability indicators are measured for each of the five farm types.  Finally, the sustainability indicator results are analysed in a participatory multi-criteria decision-making model using weights established during a series of focus groups with stakeholders in the study regions.  Very large farms perform particularly badly in these analyses, and the optimal...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56007

Shared Mental Models, Catch-up Development and Economic Policy-Making: The Case of Germany after World War II and Its Significance for Contemporary Russia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zweynert,   Joachim.
The paper deals with the connection between politically induced catch-up development, cultural and intellectual traditions and economic order in Germany and Russia. It is argued that in the history of both countries we encounter significant structural parallels, including the totalitarian experience. After World War II the German political elite managed to implement capitalism in a country, the population of which was still hostile towards capitalism. The key to success was that the German political rulers, in contrast to the Russian "young reformers" of the early 1990s, from the beginning on took into account the shared mental models prevailing in Germany. Therefore some lessons may be drawn from the German historical experience in regard to today's Russia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cultural Economics; Economic Development; Transition; Totalitarianism; International Development; B25; P51; Z10.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26304

Smallholder compliance with private standard certification: the case of GlobalGAP adoption by mango producers in Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lemeilleur,   Sylvaine.
The prevalence of food quality standards in international trade is constantly increasing and has a growing influence on developing countries. A wide range of literature in development economics has focused on the debate of whether international standards exclude small-scale farmers from high-value food markets. In fact, the evidence is mixed. New debates arise on what conditions small farmers can really comply with, pointing out both threshold capital requirements, on the one hand, and industry structure and institutional environment, on the other hand. Drawing on a microeconomic approach, our paper is a contribution to the literature exploring the patterns and determinants of smallholders’ adoption of the food standard. We focus our case study on...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: GlobalGAP; Standard adoption; Development; Small-scale farmer; Mango; Peru; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Marketing; L22; O12; Q13.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123457

JAAE Front page
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; International Development; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120442

Information and Firms’ Search Behavior
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aker,   Jenny; Tack,   Jesse B.
Information and communications technologies (ICTs) have spread rapidly over the past decade.  There has been considerable interest in the effect of such technology on search costs, search behavior and welfare outcomes, particularly in developing countries.  This paper investigates the impact of a new search technology, mobile phones, on traders’ search and marketing behavior in Niger.  We construct a novel theoretical model of sequential search, in which traders engage in optimal search for the maximum sales price, net transport costs. The model predicts that the introduction of a new search technology, such as mobile telephones, will increase traders’ reservation sales prices and the number of markets over which they search. To test the predictions of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Information; Information Technology; Search Costs; Niger; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; O1; O3; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103404

You Can Pick Your Friends, But You Need to Watch Them: Loan Screening and Enforcement in a Referrals Field Experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bryan,   Gharad; Karlan,   Dean S.; Zinman,   Jonathan.
We examine a randomized trial that allows separate identification of peer screening and enforcement of credit contracts. A South African microlender offered half its clients a bonus for referring a friend who repaid a loan. For the remaining clients, the bonus was conditional on loan approval. After approval, the repayment incentive was removed from half the referrers in the first group and added for half those in the second. We find large enforcement effects, a $12 (100 Rand) incentive reduced default by 10 percentage points from a base of 20%. In contrast, we find no evidence of screening.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Information asymmetries; Credit market failures; Peer networks; Social capital; Social networks; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; C93; D12; D14; D82; O12; O16.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121674

Priorities and Preconditions for Successful Investment in Smallholder Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Poulton,   Colin; Dorward,   Andrew; Jowett,   A.; Peacock,   C.; Urey,   Ian.
In the past couple of years, there has been resurgence in interest in smallholder agriculture as a potential driver for growth and poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, there remains considerable skepticism as to whether public investment in smallholder agriculture will lead to the desired growth and poverty reduction, given a general pessimism about "absorptive capacity" for (public) investment in Africa, the perception of failure of past agricultural investment and the observation that current conditions are unconducive to agricultural growth in Africa. This paper combines experiences of two UK-based NGOs dedicated to promoting smallholder agriculture and strengthening rural livelihoods in Africa with insights from academic literature on...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9516

How Important is Economic Geography for Rural Non-Agricultural Employment?  Lessons from Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jonasson,   Erik; Helfand,   Steven M.
By paying particular attention to the local economic context, this paper analyzes rural non-agricultural employment and earnings in non-agricultural jobs. The empirical analysis is based on the Brazilian Demographic Census, allowing for disaggregated controls for the local economy. Education stands out as one of the key factor for shaping employment outcome and earnings potential. Failure to control for locational effects can lead to biased estimation of the importance of individual and household-specific characteristics. The empirical results show that local market size and distance to population centers have a significant impact on both non-agricultural employment prospects and earnings.  The impact, however, is quantitatively larger for employment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural non-agricultural employment; Economic geography; Brazil; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; Q1; R1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51150

Strategic priorities for agricultural development in Eastern and Central Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omamo,   Steven Were; Diao,   Xinshen; Wood,   Stanley; Chamberlin,   Jordan; You,   Liangzhi; Benin,   Samuel; Wood-Sichra,   Ulrike; Tatwangire,   Alex.
In countries that are heavily dependent on agriculture for employment and income, underperformance is not only untenable but also potentially explosive. This is the case in the countries of eastern and central Africa—Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda—where tens of millions of people face ongoing poverty, hunger, and malnutrition. This report, the result of a two-year collaboration between the International Food Policy Research Institute and the Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa, identifies how eastern and central African countries can stimulate agricultural growth to address these dire circumstances. The findings suggest that...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Africa; Eastern; Central; Agricultural development projects; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37881

Optimal Forest Strategies for Addressing Tradeoffs and Uncertainty in Economic Development under Old-Growth Constraints
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krcmar,   Emina; Eagle,   Alison J.; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
In Canada, governments have historically promoted economic development in rural regions by promoting exploitation of natural resources, particularly forests. Forest resources are an economic development driver in many of the more than 80% of native communities located in forest regions. But forests also provide aboriginal people with cultural and spiritual values, and non-timber forest amenities (e.g., biodiversity, wildlife harvests for meat and fur, etc.), that are incompatible with timber exploitation. Some cultural and other amenities can only be satisfied by maintaining a certain amount of timber in an old-growth state. In that case, resource constraints might be too onerous to satisfy development needs. We employ compromise programming and fuzzy...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Forest-dependent aboriginal communities; Boreal forest; Compromise and fuzzy programming; Sustainability and uncertainty; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; R11; Q23; Q01; C61.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10251

MACROECONOMIC AND AGRCULTURAL REFORMS IN ZIMBABWE: POLICY COMPLEMENTARITIES TOWARD EQUITABLE GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.; Thomas,   Marcelle.
Using a CGE (computable general equilibrium) model for Zimbabwe with 1991 as base period, this paper examines quantitatively the income and equity effects of macroeconomic reform measures in isolation and in conjunction with potentially complementary changes in agricultural sector policies. Some important features of the CGE model are an explicit focus on agriculture, distinction among various rural and urban household groups, and detailed specification of factor markets. Specific aspects of economic policy existing in the pre-reform benchmark year are taken into account in the base model, such as the administered setting of the foreign exchange rate, quantitative import restrictions, and government-determined maize prices for domestic producers and grain...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16313

DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-6R: "ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renkow,   Mitch.
These papers move beyond the questions of who adopts technologies to ask how preferences for characteristics (of maize in Mexico or cattle in Burkina Faso) affect adoption and how technical change differentially affects semi-subsistence farmers and how it affects productivity and yield variability.  Papers include: Modeling Impacts of Soil Conservation on Productivity and Yield Variability: Evidence From a Heteroskedastic Switching Regression Gerald Shively, Purdue University.   Selecting Genetic Traits for Cattle Improvement: Preservation of Disease Resistant Cattle in Africa Kouadio Tano, Merle Faminow, Mulumba Kamuanga, Brent Swallow.   Variety Characteristics and the Land Allocation Decisions of Farmers in a Center of Maize Diversity Melinda Smale,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20856

MARKETS, TRADE AND THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS IN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roe,   Terry L.
This paper focuses on the interdependence between international trade and in institutional reform, and suggests that the trade barriers erected by advanced countries to the agricultural exports from poor countries, and sub-Saharan agriculture in particular, are a barrier to economic growth and development.  Drawing upon recent literature, the suggestion is that trade barriers inhibit institutional reform which is a major factor affecting economic growth. An empirical analysis of trade reform and economic growth shows that sub-Saharan economies can repeat potential gains from increased trade that are larger when such integration with world markets induces institutional reform.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28069

Globalisation, the Environment and Sustainability: EKC, Neo-Malthusian Concerns and the WTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Environment; Globalisation; Environmental Kuznets curve; Sustainable development; WTO; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90502

International Dairy Notes, September 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91367

Rural Non-farm Development in China and India: The Role of Policies and Institutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mukherjee,   Anit; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
The dynamic rural nonfarm sector in China has been a major contributor to the country’s remarkable growth, while in India the growth in output and employment in this sector has been rather stagnant. The paper argues that the observed patterns in the rural nonfarm development are the results of institutional differences between the two countries, especially in their political systems, ownership structure, and credit institutions. A review of the strengths and weaknesses of the rural nonfarm economy in China and India highlights the potentials and challenges of growth in the sector.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrial policy; Policy research; Non-farm development; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58387

A small nation’s comparative advantage: The case of Latvia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fedotovs,   Aleksandrs.
Problem of comparative advantage in international trade is important in theoretical and practical aspect. Theoretical models in this area are periodically re-examined in search for empirical evidence. The aim of the paper is to verify the two fundamental theories in the case of a small European country - Latvia - and disclose problems in the country’s trade specialization. In Latvia’s trade with “old” EU countries, the Ricardian model and the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem can be corroborated. After 2000, however, share of EU-15 countries in Latvia’s exports steadily declines. Instead, share of regional (Baltic) market increases, while the potential of CIS markets remains underexploited. Problem of identifying new areas of comparative advantage has become...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Сomparative advantage; Competitive advantage; Wood exports; EU; Economy of Latvia.; International Development; F11; F14.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95940

Socio-economic Factors Influencing Adoption of Fertilizer for Maize Production in Nepal: A Cast Study of Chitwan District
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paudel,   Pashupati; Shrestha,   Arjun Kumar; Matsuoka,   Atsushi.
Soil fertility is considered as the most important constraint to increase maize production in Nepal. Although farmers generally apply farmyard manure available on their farms, there is increasing trend towards the use of fertilizers that is likely to augment maize production in Nepal. This study was carried out to identify the influence of socio-economic factors of the improved maize adopters on the decision to adopt fertilizers in the Chitwan district of Nepal, using the survey data collected from 117 farm households in May-June 2005. The impact of age, education, family size, farm size, extension service, credit use, manure application, off-farm income and timely irrigation availability on the adoption of fertilizers were analyzed using the Tobit...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Soil fertility; Food security; Tobit model; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51066

The Greening of Development Economics: A Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Mathis,   Mitchell; Nelson,   Peter.
Although ignored for decades, environmental issues now attract considerable attention in the literature on economic development. This paper describes research on environmental issues in seven topic areas that historically have been at the heart of development economics: the role of the state, economic growth, trade and industrialization, relations between rich and poor countries, structural adjustment and stabilization, population change, and the objectives and strategies of development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environment; Development; Economics; Literature review; International Development; B20; N01; O1; O13; Q20.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10662

The Effects of Public Debt on Labor Demand in the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garcia-Jimenez,   Carlos I.; Mishra,   Ashok K.
The relationship between appreciation of the exchange rate and employment is investigated in the period 1980-2008 for the United States. Previous literature has found a negative relationship, studying as channels of transmission the role of exports, substitution of factors of production, terms of trade, openness, and productivity. This study endeavors to shed some light on the role of government debt on determining the level of employment through the exchange rate. The mechanism of transmission is defined. The model is derived from a standard Cobb Douglas production function having government debt affecting the growth of productivity. Exchange rate appreciations and increasing public debt were found to be detrimental to employment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Unemployment rate; Government; Budget deficit; Exchange rate; Trade deficit; FDI; Financial Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Public Economics; F31; J01; E24; E62.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56361

Growth Diagnostics and a Multisector Ramsey Model: The Case of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vinyes,   Cristina; Roe,   Terry L.
Disenchantment with the Washington Consensus has led to an emphasis on growth diagnostics. In the case of Brazil, the literature suggests three main factors impeding growth: low domestic savings, a shortage of skilled workers, and lack of investment in the country’s transportation infrastructure. The unique contribution of this study is to show the inter-temporal implications of relaxing these constraints. We fit a multi-sector Ramsey model to Brazilian data, validate its fit to times data, and provide empirical insights into the economy’s structural transformation to long-run equilibrium. Then, the sensitivity of these results to relaxing each of these three constraints is investigated in a manner that yields the same long-run level of well- being....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Ramsey; Growth diagnostics; International Development; O11; O41; O54; D58.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56502

Competitiveness of Polish regional Agro-clusters
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bronisz,   Urszula; Heijman,   Wim J.M.
The present paper concerns the analysis and evaluation of the performance of regional agro-clusters in Poland and also the examination of the significant basic factors which have influence on it. The objective of the paper is both to rank the 16 Polish regions according to their competitive position in the agrocomplex and to present their economic and social position, show differences and regional contrasts. Also, we compare the outcomes with the overall Polish regional competitive index, which was created in accordance with the Huggins Institute approach.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural outsourcing; Farm size; Diversification; Labour shortage; Cultural factors; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48333

Technical Efficiency in Bangladesh Rice Production: Are There Threshold Effects in Farm Size?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adachi,   Kenji; del Ninno,   Carlo; Liu,   Donald J.
Replaced with revised version of poster 07/21/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Data Envelopment Analysis; Threshold Estimation; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Rice; Farm size; Bangladesh; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61357

INFORMAL SECTOR AND SOCIAL POLICY Compendium of Personal and Technical Reflections Cornell-SEWA-WIEGO Exposure and Dialogue Program Oaxaca, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bali,   Namrata; Basu,   Kaushik; Bery,   Suman; Bhorat,   Haroon; Carre,   Francoise; Chen,   Martha Alter; Fields,   Gary S.; Kanbur,   Ravi; Levy,   Santiago; Lund,   Francie; Unni,   Jeemol; Valodia,   Imraan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51178

Trade Reform and the Poor in Morocco: A Rural-Urban General Equilibrium Analysis of Reduced Protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans.
"January 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-21).. Published, in 2000, in Wassim Shahin and Ghassan Dibeh (eds.), Earnings inequality, unemployment, and poverty in the Middle East and North Africa. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, pp. 52-77.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social accounting.; Equilibrium (Economics); Welfare economics.; Morocco.; Tariff -- Mathematical models.; Trade liberalization; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97543

Local Impacts of a Global Crisis - Food Price Transmission and Poverty Impacts in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cudjoe,   Godsway; Breisinger,   Clemens; Diao,   Xinshen.
This paper takes a local perspective on global food price shocks by analyzing food price transmission between regional markets in Ghana. It also assesses the impacts of food price increases on various household groups. Taking the recent global food crisis as an example, we find that prices for domestic staples are highly correlated with prices for imported rice. However, price transmission between pairs of domestic regional markets is limited; it is complete for local rice and maize only when more rigorous cointegration analysis is applied. Our findings also show the important role of seasonality in the determination of market integration and price transmission. The welfare effect for households as consumers appears relatively modest at the aggregate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crisis; Price transmission; Cointegration analysis; Household model; Ghana; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q13; R20.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51089

THE IMPORTANCE OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Easter,   K. William; Singh,   Shrinath.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14154

LOCATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF US FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS IN LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Padilla,   Luis; Richards,   Timothy J.
As US investment in food processors abroad grows, understanding the factors causing this growth is critical to US trade and investment policy.  This study uses an ownership / location / internalization approach in finding market size and trade openness important determinants of US foreign direct investment in Latin American food and kindred products.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multinational Firms; International Business; Economic Development; Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21514

Income and Poverty Impacts of USAID-Funded Programs to Promote Maize, Horticulture, and Dairy Enterprises in Kenya, 2004-2010
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smale,   Melinda; Mathenge,   Mary K.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Magalhaes,   Eduardo Castelo; Olwande,   John; Kirimi,   Lilian; Kamau,   Mercy W.; Githuku,   James.
Since 2002, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has funded programs to promote maize, dairy, and horticulture enterprises among smallholder farmers in Kenya under the Strategic Objective 7 of Increased Rural Household Incomes. On behalf of USAID, Tegemeo Institute has conducted household surveys to help track key indicators that monitor progress in the implementation of these programs. The first survey was conducted in 2004. Subsequent surveys were conducted every two years (i.e., 2006, 2008, and 2010). The sample comprises households participating and those not participating in the programs. The programs monitored include the Kenya Maize Development Program (KMDP), the Kenya Horticulture Development Project (KHDP), and the Kenya...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Income; Poverty; Household surveys; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121864

The Impact of Eyeglasses on the Academic Performance of Primary School Students: Evidence from a Randomized Trial in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glewwe,   Paul; Park,   Albert; Zhao,   Meng.
About 10% of primary school students in developing countries have poor vision, yet in virtually all of these countries very few children wear glasses. There has been almost no research on the impact of poor vision on school performance in developing countries, and simple OLS estimates are likely to be biased because students who study more often are likely to develop poor vision faster. This paper presents results from the first year of a randomized trial in Western China that began in the summer of 2004. The trial involves over 19,000 students in 165 schools in two counties of Gansu province. The schools were randomly divided (at the township level) into 103 schools that received eyeglasses (for students in grades 3-5) and 62 schools that served as...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6644

THE POTENTIAL OF AGROECOLOGY TO COMBAT HUNGER IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Altieri,   Miguel A.; Rosset,   Peter; Thrupp,   Lori Ann.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16207

Approche méthodologique. Analyse de la compétitivité et l'évolution des avantages comparatifs dans la sous-région.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diallo,   Boubacar Cisse; Crawford,   Eric W.; Dembele,   Niama Nango.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mali; Food security; Rice; Maize; West Africa; Competivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q12; Q18; Q17; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58550

BEITRAGE DES DOKTORANDENWORKSHOPS ZUR AGRARENTWICKLUNG IN MITTEL- UND OSTEUROPA 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin; Balmann,   Alfons; Lissitsa,   Alexej.
Dieses Discussion Paper enthält die Kurzfassungen der Beitrsge, die im Rahmen des Workshops zur Agrarentwicklung in Mittel- und Osteuropa fur Doktoranden und Post-Doc’'s vorgestellt und diskutiert werden sollen. Dieser Workshop mochte Nachwuchswissenschaftlern die Moglichkeit geben, Ihre Forschungsvorhaben zu prssentieren und zu diskutieren. Er findet erstmalig in dieser Form am IAMO statt. Die folgenden Kurzfassungen sollen allerdings nicht nur als Diskussionsgrundlage fur den Workshop dienen, sondern auch einen Querschnittsuberblick uber die gegenwsrtige Nachwuchsforschung im Agrarbereich zu Mittel- und Osteuropa vermitteln. Wir denken, dass ein breites Spektrum von relevanten Themen bearbeitet wird. Dies entspricht einerseits dem interdisziplinären...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14934

Impact of Foreign Intellectual Property Rights Protection on U.S. Exports and FDI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gu,   Weishi.
This version of the paper is subject to changes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Export; FDI; Technology transfer; Intellectual property rights; GMM; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C33; F21; F23; F14; O34; K33.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49414

International Dairy Notes, June 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
DEIP activation - what will it accomplish?
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91366

Cuban Agriculture: A Green and Red Revolution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zepeda,   Lydia.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93703

Coordinating Development: Can Income-based Incentive Schemes Eliminate Pareto Inferior Equilibria?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bond,   Philip; Pande,   Rohini.
Individuals’ inability to coordinate investment may significantly constrain economic development. In this paper we study a simple investment game characterized by multiple equilibria and ask whether an income-based incentive scheme can uniquely implement the high investment outcome. A general property of this game is the presence of a crossover investment point at which an individual’s incomes from investment and non-investment are equal. We show that arbitrarily small errors in the government’s knowledge of this crossover point can prevent unique implementation of the high investment outcome. We conclude that informational requirements are likely to severely limit a government’s ability to use income-based incentive schemes as a coordination device.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Coordination; Public policy; Income taxation; Implementation; International Development; O21; H23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28436

How does Agricultural Development Affect Child Nutrition in Mali?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Penders,   Christopher L.; Staatz,   John M.; Tefft,   James F.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11313

FILETS DE SECURITE RENTABLES: QUELS COUTS POUR ATTEINDRE LES PAUVRES?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coady,   David P.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16518

How Can Economists Help Clear Landmines and Unexploded Ordnance?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marsh,   Dan.
Millions of mines lie in or on the ground in 62 countries resulting in thousands of deaths and injuries each year. Most mines are cleared using probes and hand held mine detectors; although sniffer dogs and a variety of machines are becoming more common. Clearing landmines is very expensive with costs often reaching US$10 per square metre; over US$1.5 billion has been spent on clearing mines since 1992. Most of the organisations involved in mine clearance have concentrated on technical aspects and put less emphasis on the most cost effective way of getting the job done. This paper reviews the contribution that economists can make in the area of humanitarian mine clearance and describes the development of a software package and manual designed to help...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mine Clearance; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Software Model; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98503

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH IS THE KEY TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN LOW-INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Pandya-Lorch,   Rajul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16362

A STRATEGY FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THAILAND AND ITS MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Lee R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13794

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 3, Number 1, Spring 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Content: (1) Fuller, Frank H. and John C. Beghin. "Enlargement, Structural Change, CAP Reform, and Trade Liberalization in European Agriculture: Highlights of the Special Issue." (pp.1-4); (2) Rungsuriyaviboon, Supawat, and Alexsej Lissitsa. "Agricultural Productivity Growth in the European Union and Transition Countries." (pp. 5-22); (3) Swinnen, Johan F.M. "European Integration, Reforms, and Governance of Food Supply Chains in Eastern Europe." (pp. 23-38); (4) Rau, Marie-Luise, and Frank van Tongeren. "Differentiated Food Quality Standards and Industry Structure in the Enlarged EU: The Polish Meat Sector." (pp. 39-56); (5) Fabiosa, Jacinto F., John C. Beghin, Fengxia Dong, Amani Elobeid, Frank H. Fuller, Holger Matthey, Simla Tokgoz, and Eric Wailes....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49168

DOES TECHNICAL PROGRESS IN AGRICULTURE ALLEVIATE POVERTY? A PHILIPPINE CASE STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coxhead,   Ian A.; Warr,   Peter G.
We examine the impact of technical progress in agriculture on changes in measured poverty and aggregate welfare in a developing country. Using a small general equilibrium model, we show how the economic components of an observed change in poverty can be isolated to expose the significance of intersectoral linkages and the economic roles of changes in relative commodity and factor prices. Variation in the measured rate and distribution of poverty alleviation depends somewhat on the choice of poverty measure, but more substantively on structural assumptions and the effects of policy interventions in agricultural markets.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22859

Effects of the WTO and Free Trade Agreements on Japonica Rice Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lee,   Hyunok; Sumner,   Daniel A.
Three trade policy changes underway and on the horizon have the prospect to alter global markets for japonica rice. This paper considers likely global market effects of expansion of access into the market in Japan and Korea, and reduced subsidy for japonica rice (among other crops) in the United States. We consider these policy changes in the context of a proposed Doha Development Agenda WTO agreement and one potential outcome of the proposed Free Trade Agreement between Korea and the United States (KUS-FTA). We use an equilibrium displacement model to ask how market prices, quantities and other aggregates change as a result of policy changes. The global model includes six aggregates in the world market, China, Korea, Japan, the United States, other...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Japonica rice; WTO; Import access; FTA; Domestic subsidies; Policy simulation; International Development; Q17; Q18; F13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25460

Can Climate Change Save Lives? A comment on “Economy-wide estimates of the implications of climate change: Human health"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ackerman,   Frank; Stanton,   Elizabeth A.
In a recent article in this journal, Francesco Bosello, Roberto Roson, and Richard Tol make the surprising prediction that the first stages of global warming will, on balance, save a large number of lives. Bosello et al. fail to substantiate this remarkable estimate, and they make multiple mistaken or misleading assumptions. They rely on research that identifies a simple empirical relationship between temperature and mortality, but ignores the countervailing effect of human adaptation to gradual changes in average temperature. While focusing on small changes in average temperatures, they ignore the important health impacts of extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and hurricanes. They extrapolate this pattern far beyond the level that...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37240

Breeding and quality analysis of rapeseed
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chudleigh,   Peter D.
This study is an ex-post, economic assessment of two projects supported by ACIAR and concerned with the breeding and quality analysis of rapeseed in Australia and China. These projects were carried out sequentially with the first one commencing on 1 July 1986. The second one was completed on 30 June 1991. The projects were essentially an exchange of knowledge and germplasm of rape (Brassica napus) between plant breeders in Australia and China. The projects resulted in the release of varieties of rape that yielded improved seed in Australia, China and other developed and developing countries.  An economic evaluation of these projects was made in 1991 and the results published in Chudleigh (1991). Assumptions made in the 1991 analysis have now been updated....
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: China; Australia; Rapeseed; Canola; Ex-post economic assessment; Breeding; Quality analysis; Economic evaluation; Benefits; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47691

International Monetary Issues and Agricultural Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward.
The value of a nation's currency is the most important price in its economy. Attempts to establish or maintain fixed exchange rates between countries are no longer possible due to the sheer size of international financial markets. The value of a nation's currency not only influences the relative prices between its tradeable and nontradeable sectors, it influences in very important ways a country relates to the rest of the international economy. The most significant effect of cyclical swings in exchange rates is the impact on trade where undervalued currencies amount to an export subsidy and an import tariff. U.S. foreign aid programs tend to strengthen the recipient country's foreign currency but hurt its development efforts. Needed stability in exchange...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123086

The distributional effects of NAFTA in Mexico: evidence from a panel of municipalities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baylis,   Katherine R.; Garduno-Rivera,   Rafael; Piras,   Gianfranco.
This paper studies the regional distribution of the benefits from trade in Mexico after NAFTA. Specifically, we ask whether or not NAFTA has increased the concentration of economic activity in Mexico. Unlike previous work which uses state-level data, we identify the effect of NAFTA on economic activity at the municipal level allowing us to observe detailed growth patterns across space. Further, to explicitly identify the effect of the trade agreement, we compare results for growth in traded and non-traded sectors. Given the spatial nature of these data, we make explicit use of spatial econometrics methods. We find that NAFTA caused the wealthy regions nearest to the border to grow faster than others, increasing regional disparity. Second, we find that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Regional Disparities; Trade Liberalization; Agglomeration Economies; Economic Growth; Mexico; Transport Cost; Spatial econometrics; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49463

Characteristics of New or Expanding, Export-Oriented Firms in the Upper Great Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leistritz,   F. Larry; Ekstrom,   Brenda L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23247

Manufacturing Productivity and the Shifting U.S., China, and Global Job Scenes - 1990 to 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   William A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112948

Natural Resource Management, Food Security, and Rural Development in Zambia: Moving From Research Evidence to Action Proceedings of the Public Forum
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simasiku,   Phyllis; Chapoto,   Antony; Richardson,   Robert B.; Sichilongo,   Mwape; Tembo,   Gelson; Weber,   Michael T.; Zulu,   Alimakio.
Natural resource use, including land, and rural population location is an   important topic for Zambia's development strategy. Among other efforts, the   Government of Zambia (GRZ) has designated 22% of total land area, as Game   Management Areas (GMAs) for human settlements and wildlife conservation.   Other GRZ programmes seek to improve food security and agricultural   productivity, including the use and improvement of conservation farming   techniques. GRZ is currently reviewing policies in the agricultural, forestry,   fisheries, wildlife and land sectors. Research in these fields has much to  contribute to effective management of MAs, increased agricultural productivity and improved welfare, especially for the rural population.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Africa; Natural resources management; GMA; Wildlife management policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q34.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58518

What Does Liberalization without Price Competition Achieve? The Case of Cocoa in Ghana.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vigneri,   Marcella; Santos,   Paulo.
The deregulation of Ghana’s domestic cocoa supply chain that took place in the early 1990s was expected to bring competition among different private buyers and to generate a number of production incentives to the farmers.  Most notably, it was expected that competition would emerge by means of price bonuses and/or premiums over the guaranteed price.  However, this paper finds that price based competition mechanisms did not develop in the resulting domestic cocoa value chain.  Rather, the now increasing numbers of Licensed Buying Companies compete for cocoa supplies based on the provision of different services to farmers.  The availability of a number of outlets offers farmers the option to choose among those that can provide cash as well as credit.  The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Credit constraints; Market liberalization; Cocoa; Ghana; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51660

Are Returns to Public Investment Lower in Less-favored Rural Areas?: An Empirical Analysis of India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Hazell,   Peter B.R.
Developing countries allocate scarce government funds to investments in rural areas to achieve the twin goals of agricultural growth and poverty alleviation. Choices have to be made between different types of investments, especially infrastructure, human capital and agricultural research, and between different types of agricultural regions, e.g., irrigated and high- and low-potential rainfed areas. This paper develops an econometric approach and provides empirical evidence on the impact of government investments in rural India using district-level data. While irrigated areas played a key role in agricultural growth during the Green Revolution era, our results show that it is now the rainfed areas, including many less-favored areas that offer the most...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42828

The Impact of Location on Crop Choice and Rural Livelihood: Evidences from Villages in Northern Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nuru,   Seid; Seebens,   Holger.
This paper attempts to demonstrate how location of an agricultural economic activity in relation to urban centers determines households' decision to allot their agricultural land to the production of either staple crop or a high value but risky cash crop. Analyzing household data from villages in North Eastern Ethiopia, we find that proximity to urban centers, access to road, and education along with other factors determine the crop choice in favor of the production of high value crops. Crop choices further significantly predict levels of per capita income across villages where the farthest with no access to road are the poorest.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37863

AJAE Appendix: Risk Rationing and Wealth Effects in Credit Markets: Theory and Implications for Agriculture Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boucher,   Stephen R.; Carter,   Michael R.; Guirkinger,   Catherine.
The material contained herein is supplementary to the article named in the title and published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7094

Conceptualizing Economic Marginalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51111

Problem of innovative development in the conditions of raw sector prevalence in economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popov,   Grigoriy.
The author calls to consider the innovative development in connection with resource-related economic structure of national economy. It s proposed that resource-rich countries in general case lack innovative development   capacity in compare with the countries which are dependent on imports of  raw-materials. The paper argues that Russia has to change its development strategy shifting from labor-intensive and resource-based model.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovative development; Transitive economy; Labor-intensive technologies; International Development; Production Economics; O5; P5.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94528

EU ORSZÁGOK ÖSSZEHASONLÍTÁSA NÉHÁNY MAKROÖKONÓMIAI MUTATÓ ALAPJÁN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tothne Lokos,   Klara; Bedene Szoke,   Eva; Gabrielne Tozser,   Gyorgyi.
Az EU-25 országainak egymáshoz viszonyított helyzetét vizsgáltuk néhány makroökonómiai jellemző alapján. A versenyképességet jellemző és a gazdasági aktivitást mérő mutatószámok közül az egy főre jutó GDP, a GDP növekedési üteme és a foglalkoztatottsági arány elemzésére helyeztük a hangsúlyt. Az országokat rangsoroltuk a különböző indikátorok alapján, majd csoportosulásuk folyamatát szemléltettük. A dinamikus vizsgálatok 2000 és 2004 évi adatok alapján történtek. A három mutató szerinti - 4 év alatti - változások irányát és mértékét figyeltük meg az egyes országoknál és ezek hatására bekövetkező csoportátrendeződéseket. Általánosságban megfigyelhető volt az újonnan csatlakozó országok sikeres felzárkózási törekvése, mely az egy főre jutó GDP és/vagy az...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: EU-25; Measurement of competitiveness; Dynamic analyses; Types of development; Versenyképességi mutatók; Dinamikus vizsgálatok; Fejlődési típusok; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43190

Komparative Kostennachteile: Agrar- und Ernährungsgüterproduktion von Entwicklungsländern im internationalen Wettbewerb
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97976

The Determinants of the Very Highest Income Shares: The Case of France
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: DiPietro,   William R.; Anoruo,   Emmanuel; Sawhney,   Bansi.
Since the highest income groups have tremendous influence over economic policy by virtue of money, position, and connection, it is important to identify the interest of these groups with regard to economic conditions. Recently, annual time series data on the shares of the very highest income groups have become available for the French economy. Using this new high-income share data for France, this paper examines the potential relationship between the income shares of the very highest income groups and four macroeconomic variables including the inflation rate, the interest rate, the unemployment rate, and the extent of trade. To be specific, this paper investigates the extent to which the four macroeconomic variables affect the highest income shares. The...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Income inequality; Interest rate; Unemployment rate; France; Fully modified OLS; International Development; A10.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50275

Development of the World Fuel Ethanol Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   Suya.
This paper summarizes the developmental courses of fuel ethanol in the world. Then, it analyzes the existing problems and developmental prospects of fuel ethanol.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Energy crisis; Environmental pressure; Renewable energy; Fuel ethanol; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53522

Transmission des fluctuations et calcul des prix de parité à l’importation du riz en et du maïs en Guinée
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diakite,   Yacouba.
Calculation of maize and rice parity prices in Guinea.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Guinea; Parity prices; Markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62167

"Vent-For- Surplus" as a Source of Agricultural Growth in Northeast Thailand, 1950-1986
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuglie,   Keith O.
This paper reviews the "vent-for-surplus" model of agricultural development, in which access to foreign markets allows "surplus productive capacity" to be exploited. The "indirect effects" of trade contribute to long-term economic growth even after the direct gains from trade are realized. How the new income streams are distributed amongst the population may also carry implications for long-term growth prospects. The model is used to explain the rapid expansion in export crop production that has taken place in the Northeast Region of Thailand over the past twenty-five years. It is shown that the growth in export production was achieved at very little expense to the subsistence sector by employing previously underutilized land and labor resources. Growth...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7507

Assessing Consumer Preferences and Attitudes toward Imported Pork in Urban China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ortega,   David L.; Wang,   H. Holly; Wu,   Laping.
China’s transition into a developed economy is driving changes in consumer preferences and demand for foods. To evaluate consumer preferences for imported pork in urban China, primary data were collected in two metropolitan areas- Beijing and Shanghai. Estimated logit models revealed that an individual’s age, shopping location and food safety concerns significantly influenced their willingness-to-pay for U.S. pork. A proportional linear model was developed to evaluate factors affecting purchasing behavior of western-style pork cuts vs. traditional Chinese cuts. Food safety concerns were linked to a previous lean-meat additive scare and a lack of consumer confidence on the Chinese food inspection system.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Imported Pork; Willingness-to-pay; Ordered Logit; Food Safety; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Marketing; D120; D190; M390; Q130; Q180.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49993

CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO SETOR DE TRANSPORTE NA ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA: UMA ABORDAGEM INSUMO-PRODUTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sousa,   Eliane Pinheiro de; Braga,   Marcelo Jose.
O estudo buscou avaliar a contribuição do setor transporte para a economia brasileira. Especificamente, pretendeu-se determinar os setores capazes de propagar efeitos sistêmicos acima da média da economia como também mensurar os impactos econômicos na produção, emprego e renda, resultantes de alterações na demanda final. Para tal, utilizou-se o modelo de insumo-produto, já que este instrumental possibilita verificar as ligações entre os setores produtivos por meio dos índices de ligações de Rasmussen-Hirschman, campos de influência e índices puros de ligações, bem como determinar os efeitos de variações na demanda final sobre a produção, a renda e o emprego através das análises dos multiplicadores. Os resultados revelaram que o setor transporte não foi...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transporte; Insumo-produto; Relações intersetoriais; Multiplicadores; Transport; Input-output; Relationships among sectors; Multipliers; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109675

An Economic Analysis of Water Infrastructure Investments, Agricultural Productivity and Climate Change in the Mekong Delta: Adapting to Increased Salinity and Sea Level Rise
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Corderi Novoa,   David; Williams,   Jeffrey C.; Howitt,   Richard E.; Lund,   Jay R.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Agriculture; Water resources; Dynamic programming; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q54; Q25; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103875

Helyi termékek értékesítésének lehetőségei a Nyugat-Pannon EU Régióban
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kalmarne Hollosi,   Erika; Vargova,   Zuzana.
A Nyugat-dunántúli Régióval szomszédos Burgenlandban nagy hagyománya és számos, eredményes módja található a helyben előállított élelmiszerek értékesítésének. A szomszédos Ausztria jó néhány, több szempontból is példaértékű kezdeményezéssel büszkélkedhet a helyi termékek értékesítésében, az eredmények kulcsa legtöbb esetben a termelői szerveződésben, szövetkezésben lelhető fel. A regionális értékek, helyi termékek ismertsége meglehetősen kedvezőtlen képet mutat a Nyugat-dunántúli Régióban, és néhány pozitív példától eltekintve az értékesítés is a kezdetleges közvetlen termelői értékesítés szintjén mozog. A Nyugat-Pannon EU Régió (Burgenland tartományt és a Nyugat-dunántúli Régiót foglalja magában) adta lehetőségek kiaknázása, a tapasztalatcsere,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Helyi termék; Eurégió; Direkt értékesítés; Local products; EU region; Direct selling; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99085

Market opportunities for African agriculture: a general equilibrium examination of demand-side constraints on agricultural growth in East and Southern Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Dorosh,   Paul A.; Rahman,   Shaikh Mahfuzur.
In today’s more integrated world economy, agricultural growth in Africa depends not only on raising productivity and increasing production, but on increasing the competitiveness of African agriculture in the global market and expanding its market opportunities within Africa. Unless demand increases, African agriculture cannot grow at a rate sufficient to reduce poverty and hunger to any substantial degree. The accelerated economic growth in Africa in recent years might offer increased opportunities for agriculture from domestic demand. This research report focuses on demand-side constraints on African agricultural growth and their implications for three broad agricultural development strategies: promoting traditional exports, developing nontraditional...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; International trade; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37877

Tomato Farmers and Modern Markets in Nicaragua: A Duration Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez,   Ricardo; Reardon,   Thomas.
This paper explores whether farm land and non-land assets determine the participation of tomato growers in modern markets in Nicaragua, and how farmers’ duration as supermarket suppliers affects the farm technology they use. The methodology is based on a survival analysis approach. We use data from a stratified random sample of tomato farmers in Nicaragua over a 10-year period. Our results show that participation in supermarket supply chains as supermarket supplier is not determined by farm size, contrary to a common hypothesis, and thus small farmers can be supermarket suppliers. However, non-land assets are important determinants of being in the modern channel: these assets include irrigation, nonfarm assets (linked to nonfarm employment) and education....
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Nicaragua; Technology Adoption; Agribusiness; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O19; O54; O13; Q12; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121802

A GENDERED 1993-94 SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX FOR BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fontana,   Marzia; Wobst,   Peter.
This working paper documents the construction of a 1993-94 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Bangladesh. 1 The SAM distinguishes 10 agricultural sectors—including two different kinds of rice technology—and 19 manufacturing sectors, out of 43 sectors in total. It also differentiates between twelve socio-economic groups, allowing detailed analysis of household welfare and poverty. The SAM has ten factors of production: one type of capital, one type of land and eight different types of labor which are disaggregated by both level of education and gender. The innovative feature of the SAM is that it separates out female and male labor value-added for each educational level and in each sector of the economy, providing a base for gender-sensitive analyses of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16285

METODOLOGÍA PARA CONFORMAR UNA EMPRESA COMERCIALIZADORA DE PRODUCTOS AGROPECUARIOS COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE ZONAS AGRÍCOLAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Romero Arenas,   Omar; Huerta-Lara,   Manuel; Lopez,   Delfino Reyes.
This work has as fundamental purpose to establish to a general frame of reference that allow to the small producers to give it a better use to the agricultural products of which it prepares in its production units. Having as objective the following one: To design to plan strategic general to conform a productive company, as well as to provide to reference frame that allows the commercialization of products of a Unit of Agricultural Production. The proposed methodology constitutes a systematic model, which indicates logically and drew each of the actions and steps that must be made to achieve an end, which is the essential and basic detonator, in this case for the conformation of a marketing company of agricultural products to support the development of...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Strategic plan; Mark of reference; Unit of agricultural production; Model systematic; Agricultural areas; Plan estratégico; Marco de referencia; Unidad de producción agropecuaria; Modelo sistemático; Zonas agrícolas; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45845

PARTIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURE IN THE WESTERN BALKAN COUNTRIES – IMPLICATION FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF THE RURAL ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zekic,   Stanislav; Gajic,   Milivoj; Lovre,   Koviljko.
The process of transition and, within it, the agricultural transformation in the Western Balkan countries resulted, in the first phase, in the weakening of the developmental performances in agriculture. Such tendencies widened the gap between the countries of the Western Balkans and the EU countries, which continued their steady increase in agricultural productivity. Unfavorable tendencies in agricultural productivity adversely affected its competitiveness, and, consequently, the competitiveness of the rural economy as a whole. The effect of the low agricultural competitiveness on the competitiveness of the rural economy is determined by the importance of agriculture in the rural economy, which is substantial in the West Balkan countries.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Agriculture; Competitiveness; Rural Development; The West Balkans; Transition; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57398

International Dairy Notes, February 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.
U.S. dairy exports turn sour.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91365

Cover and Contents Pages
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes:  Front Cover, Editorial Information, Contents Page, Editorial Board, Association Officers, Executive Committee
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55552

An Assessment of the Informal Sector Trade in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gor,   Seth Omondi.
This study assesses the nature and practice of cross-border trade in Kenya with a view to filling the information gap on its patterns and key characteristics, a gap that has hitherto acted to hinder effective policy formulation. The study relies on information from a number of cross-border monitoring survey initiatives mounted by various institutions over the years. The study finds that informal cross-border trade accounts for more than 40 percent of the GDP and is therefore almost equivalent to formal trade. Efforts should be made to conceive policy suggestions that would optimize both formal and informal trade from the viewpoint of the national economy.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Cross-border trade; Exports; Horn of Africa; Informal; Kenya; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122237

Beyond the Tipping Point: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Urbanization and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beall,   Jo; Guha-Khasnobis,   Basudeb; Kanbur,   Ravi.
By many estimates, the world has just crossed the point where more than half the world’s population is urban, a trend driven by rapid urbanization in developing countries. Urban centers offer economies of scale in terms of productive enterprise and public investment. Cities are social melting pots, centers of innovation and drivers of social change. However, cities are also marked by social differentiation, poverty, conflict and environmental degradation. These are all issues that not only matter to cities but also lie at the heart of development. As such the time is right to consider afresh the relationship between cities and development. This paper introduces a significant new collection of multidisciplinary papers focused on urbanization and its...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51179

HEALTH AND NUTRITION: EMERGING AND REEMERGING ISSUES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flores,   Rafael; Gillespie,   Stuart.
Contents:  Overview, by Rafael Flores; The global burden of disease, by Alan Lopez; HIV/AIDS, by Anthony Barnett and Gabriel Rugalema; Malaria, by Andrea Egan; Tuberculosis, by Ariel Pablos-Mendez; Intrauterine growth retardation, by Mercedes De Onis; Obesity, by Reynaldo Martorell; Diet-related chronic diseases, by Geoffrey Cannon; Health and Aging, by Noel W. Solomons; Micronutrients, by Lindsay H. Allen; Policy priorities: themes and actions, by Stuart Gillespie;
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16039

Looking beyond the plot: The nutritional impact of fertilizer policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Marissa; Santos,   Paulo.
This paper evaluates one indirect impact of fertilizer policy, the nutritional gains due to increased food production. We look specifically at the case of Malawi’s Targeted Input Program and show that benefitting from the program during its entire duration could have led to gains substantial gains in human capital.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Targeted Input Program; Height-for-age z-score; Fertilizer subsidies; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61358

Land Preservation in British Columbia: An Empirical Analysis of the Factors Underlying Public Support and Willingness to Pay
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Androkovich,   Robert A.; Desjardins,   Ivan; Tarzwell,   Gordon; Tsogaris,   Peter.
This study extends previous empirical research on land preservation by considering an actual land preservation scheme, the agricultural land reserve in British Columbia, Canada. The reserve was established in 1973 to ensure that development did not occur on the province’s most productive agricultural land. ‘To ensure that local food production is maintained,’ ‘the economic importance of British Columbia’s agricultural sector,’ and ‘to protect the environment’ are the most important factors that underlie support for the reserve. Aggregate, provincewide willingness to pay to maintain the land reserve is substantial, with our most conservative estimate being Can$91.18 million per year.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Contingent; Land; Preservation; Valuation; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q15; Q24; Q28; Q51.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47273

Economic Development through the Revitalization and Modernization of Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   L. Harlan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Caribbean Agricultural Development; Agricultural Modernization; University of the West Indies; UWI; International Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44537

Agrarian Reform in Kyrgyzstan: Achievements and the Unfinished Agenda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Zedik,   David.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54160

AFRICA'S CHANGING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES: PAST AND PRESENT PARADIGMS AS A GUIDE TO THE FUTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.
This paper looks at the often conflicting changes, frequently shaped by foreign institutions, that have affected policies for agricultural development in most  Sub-Saharan African countries since the 1960s. Reviewing past and present paradigms, Delgado contends that none of the strategies, including today's,                has provided a "magic bullet" for solving Africa's development problems. He argues that a new resolve by Africans to solve their own problems and a new willingness of international entities to invest heavily in African institutions hold the greatest hope for future development planning.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16235

Etude Critique de la Recherche sur la Developpement Agricole en Afrique Subsaharienne
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eicher,   Carl K.; Baker,   Doyle Curtis.
This survey focuses on the rural economy which is broadly defined to include the  agricultural sector plus rural nonfarm activities such as small-scale industry, trade, processing,  and fishing. It reviews research on migration, employment, and income distribution in order to  understand linkages between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural development; International Development; Downloads December 2008 - June 2009: 7.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54070

Achieving Regional Growth Dynamics in African Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdulai,   Awudu; Diao,   Xinshen; Johnson,   Michael.
This study focuses on public investments and policy reforms for leveraging growth spillovers at the African regional level. A conceptual framework that is built on the endogenous growth theory and the new economic geography is presented first to gain a better understanding of the underlying theory and empirical evidence on regional integration and growth spillovers. In order to demonstrate the potential benefits from greater cross-border technology spillovers in Africa, as well as from trade liberalization and investment in infrastructure, results from ex-ante simulations using partial and general equilibrium models are then presented and discussed. Results indicate that sizeable regional spillover benefits can be obtained by permitting greater crossborder...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Computable General Equilibrium Models C68; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58371

FOREIGN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE NEED AND HOW WELL IT IS BEING MET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davidson,   Ralph K.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29878

Impact of Trade Liberalization and World Price Changes in Bangladesh: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alam,   Mohammad Jahangir; Buysse,   Jeroen; Begum,   Ismat Ara; Nolte,   Stephan; Wailes,   Eric J.; Van Huylenbroeck,   Guido.
The paper analyzes the impact of trade liberalization and changes in world prices of agricultural commodities in Bangladesh using single country CGE model. Since the agricultural sector is sensitive to overall employment, household welfare and food security, the analysis focuses on the changes in agricultural production, consumption, household income and welfare. The results show that trade liberalization increases the welfare of all household groups while world market price increases decrease welfare. It means that although trade liberalization generates a welfare increase for households but this is dependent on the relative level of world commodity prices. Our results are based on the analysis of aggregate household groups, so it may be of future...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Static; CGE; Trade policy; World prices; Agricultural commodities; Bangladesh; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123724

Dynamics of Structural Transformation: An Empirical Characterization in the Case of China, Malaysia, and Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badibanga,   Thaddee Mutumba; Diao,   Xinshen; Roe,   Terry L.; Somwaru,   Agapi.
The paper develops a metric of structural transformation that can account for the production of new varieties of goods embodying advancements in technological know-how and design. Our measure captures the dynamics of an economy’s transformation and can be viewed as an extension of Hausmann and Klinger’s static measure. We apply our measure to four-digit-level SITC trade data of China, Malaysia, and Ghana over the period 1962–2000. The results show that two important factors characterize the rapid transformation of the Chinese economy: the high proximity of its export basket to three main industrial clusters—capital goods, consumer durable goods, and intermediate inputs—and the increase in the values of the new goods belonging to those three clusters....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Structural transformation; Discovery; Technological change; International Development; F19; O14; O33; O40.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50004

AFRICA REGIONAL INTEGRATION AND CHALLENGES OF GLOBALISATION: A REVIEW OF THE NEW PARTNERSHIP FOR AFRICA DEVELOPMENT (NEPAD)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Evbuomwan,   G.O.
Essentially, globalization has meant different things to different people. Some view it as a beneficial process, with potential to boost productivity and living standards everywhere. Others believe that it increases inequality within and between countries, threatens employment and living standards, and thwarts social progress. The opportunities are no doubt many: global markets; exposure to new ideas, technology and products; economies of scale in production; gains in efficiency in the utilization of productive resources; greater specialization between nations; better quality products and wide option for consumers; increased competitiveness and increased output; and ability to tap cheaper sources of finance internationally. But most developing countries,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54389

Landcare and ecological modernization in Australia: promoting ecological awareness or economic development?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elder,   Jan.
In this paper the nature and origins of Australian Landcare are described in the context of the weak form of ecological modernization adhered to by the current neoconservative Australian Government. After outlining Foucault’s concept of discourse, the way in which landcare discourse and practice reflect the dominant neo-liberal rationale is examined, highlighting contradictions between its environmental rhetoric and economic imperative. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential discursive sources for an alternate and more truly transformative rural environmentalism than that currently apparent within Landcare discourse.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44105

INDUCED INNOVATION AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hayami,   Yujiro; Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13967

Research on Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Critical Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eicher,   Carl K.; Baker,   Doyle Curtis.
This survey focuses on the rural economy which is broadly defined to include the  agricultural sector plus rural nonfarm activities such as small-scale industry, trade, processing,  and fishing. It reviews research on migration, employment, and income distribution in order to  understand linkages between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Agricultural development; International Development; Downloads December 2008-June 2009: 5; Q18.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54071

LAND AND ASSET SIZE, STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION AND THE LINKS TO INCOME IN THREE DRYLANDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lipton,   Michael; Eastwood,   Robert; Kirsten,   Johann F.
At a late stage in preparing this work, we felt – responding to the view of all partners – that, before analyzing the consequences of asset situations for fertility, migration or environment, we should present, and to some extent explain, some facts about the size, composition, and distribution of assets for the three countries.  This paper presents some general contextual evidence, and some main results for South Africa.  Work is in progress in the India data, and will be undertaken later for Botswana.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18051

Endogenous Growth, Health and the Environment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohtadi,   Hamid; Roe,   Terry L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7521

Impact of Income on Calorie and Nutrient Intakes: A Cross-Country Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salois,   Matthew J.; Tiffin,   J. Richard; Balcombe,   Kelvin George.
The relationship between income and nutrient intake is explored. Nonparametric, panel, and quantile regressions are used. Engle curves for calories, fat, and protein are approximately linear in logs with carbohydrate intakes exhibiting diminishing elasticities as incomes increase. Elasticities range from 0.10 to 0.25, with fat having the highest elasticities. Countries in higher quantiles have lower elasticities than those in lower quantiles. Results predict significant cumulative increases in calorie consumption which are increasingly composed of fats. Though policies aimed at poverty alleviation and economic growth may assuage hunger and malnutrition, they may also exacerbate problems associated with obesity.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Calorie and nutrient consumption; Food and nutrition policy; Income elasticities; Nonparametric; Panel; Quantile regression.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C11; C14; C21; C23; O10; O47; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103647

The Implications of Trade and Investment Liberalization for Sustainable Development: Review of Literature
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirkpatrick,   Colin; George,   Clive; Scrieciu,   Silviu Serban.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30576

An Overview of International Development Perspectives in History: Focus on Agricultural and Rural Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Voth,   Donald E.
This essay has developed gradually over the approximately 20 years, until 2000, that I taught what was then listed as AGEC 5163 and RSOC 5163, International Agricultural and Rural Development.  The first draft was written during the "New Directions" mandate period, while the Green Revolution and its Agricultural Fundamentalism dominated and the Washington Consensus strategy was just emerging.  Project funding was still common in international agricultural development, at least in USDA.  A dramatic shift from the biological science research of the Green Revolution to Farming Systems Research was underway.  The UoA Division of Agriculture had just obtained $5.0 million "Strengthening" grant from USAID, and had successfully competed for several large...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15776

GLOBAL CHALLENGES: LOCAL ISSUES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hedley,   Douglas D.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54883

The application of trade and growth theories to agriculture: a survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Berkum,   Siemen; van Meijl,   Hans.
This article reviews a broad range of theoretical concepts available to explain international trade in agricultural and food products. For many years agricultural trade analyses were largely based on traditional perceptions of comparative advantage following neoclassical theory. Observations of agricultural trade suggest, however, that concepts from modern trade and growth theories are increasingly relevant. This survey demonstrates that many opportunities exist for applying these new theories to the modern food economy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117851

Estimating the Implicit Value of Crop Stubble as a Barrier to Technology Adoption in Morocco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Magnan,   Nicholas; Larson,   Douglas M.
For mixed cereal-livestock farmers, cereal production provides a bundle of goods. Grain is consumed by the household or sold at market, and crop residues are used as livestock feed. The straw component of crop residue can be bought and sold at market and therefore has a well-established local market price. Crop stubble, the portion of the crop residue left on the ground, is generally not traded and therefore has no market price. Some agricultural technologies require farmers to forgo using crop stubble as feed, and cultivation of high value crops entails sacrificing residue production altogether. In this paper we apply a structural econometric model to household data from Morocco to estimate the implicit value of crop stubble. We use a sample splitting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mixed cereal-livestock systems; Non-market valuation; Land use; Technology adoption; No-till; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; O33; Q12; Q24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60858

DEVELOPMENT PLANS IN BOLIVIA:  PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guzman,   Grover.
Generally, economists have analyzed development planning in developing countries under the following aspects.  First, attention has focused on the plan strategies, policies and targets.  Special emphasis is often devoted to whether the targets have been or could be achieved over the relevant time periods.  Secondly, in recent years attention has been given to the techniques of planning where the methodology is also critically examined and evaluated.  In both approaches it is explicitly or implicitly acknowledged that development planning cannot be analyzed and normally evaluated in abstraction from the economies for which they are formulated and that their normative evaluation must be related to the stated goals.  Though planners often state categorically...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11028

Documentation of a multi-topic questionnaire-based survey on sustainable resource use in rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jia,   Xiangping; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud.
This Discussion Paper documents a survey conducted in rural China in 2005. A multi-topic survey funded by the Sino-German international Training Program "Sustainable Resource Use in North China", the project covers farm management, land property rights and rural credit access on the North China Plain. From a credit standpoint, this paper covers questionnaire design, sample, survey implementation, data entry, a brief assessment of the overall experience, as well as lessons drawn.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Questionnaire; Survey; Credit access; Household model; Categorical variables; Stata.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C81; C93; D19.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90856

Verhandlungsverhalten und Anspruchsanpassung im internationalen Verhandlungsprozess. Die WTO-Agrarverhandlungen zum Abbau exportwettbewerbsfördernder Maßnahmen.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lajtos,   Ildiko.
Seit der Gründung des GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 1947 wird auf multilateraler Ebene versucht, durch graduellen Zollabbau und Reduzierung nicht-tarifärer Handelshemmnisse ein freies Welthandelssystem zu schaffen. Die Liberalisierung landwirtschaftlicher Märkte ist nicht soweit fortgeschritten, wie die der Märkte für Industriegüter. Da die Landwirtschaft ein traditionell stark reglementierter Wirtschaftssektor ist, stellt die Liberalisierung der Agrarmärkte eine große globale Herausforderung dar. Trotz des multilateralen Agrarabkommens (Agreement on Agriculture) der Uruguay Runde fällt der effektive Abbau von Wettbewerbsverzerrungen noch zu gering aus und der Handel mit Agrargütern wird nach wie vor durch eine Vielzahl von Barrieren...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94723

Assessing Domestic Demand for Organic and ‘Locally Grown' Produce on An ‘Organic Island': Dominica's Dilemma
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boys,   Kathryn A.; Willis,   David B.; George,   Seraphine; Hammig,   Michael D.
The economy of Dominica faces a unique set of challenges.  As with many other Caribbean nations, Dominica has historically been dependent upon agriculture.  Over the past several hundred years, the island's economy has been largely supported through the concentrated mono-cropping of a variety of export-oriented crops including coffee, limes, vanilla, and bananas (FAVACA, 2008).  Today, approximately 45% of Dominica's labor force is employed in the agricultural sector (FAVACA, 2008).  While neighboring countries have economically benefited from tourism, due to its lack of white sand beaches, Dominica is not a typical tourist destination.  Taking advantage of its landscape, rainforests, and diversity of natural wildlife, in an effort to diversify its economy...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Willingness to pay; Caribbean; Organic; Locally grown; Food; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Marketing; O13; O54; Q01; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103903

AID TO DEVELOPING-COUNTRY AGRICULTURE: INVESTING IN POVERTY REDUCTION AND NEW EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per; Cohen,   Marc J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16203

Poverty - Dynamic and Sustainability Perspectives Implications for Welfare and Policy with Reference to India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
After outlining some comparative features of poverty in India, this article reviews critically recent literature on the dynamics of poverty.  On economic efficiency grounds, it rejects the view that the chronically poor are more deserving than the non-chronic poor of poverty assistance.  Mechanisms of households and communities for coping with poverty are discussed.  The possibility is raised that where poverty has been persistent that rational methods for coping with it are likely to be well established, and less suffering may occur than for households and communities thrown temporarily into poverty.  However, situations can also be envisaged where such rational behaviours deepen the poverty trap and create unfavourable externalities for poverty...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: India; Markets and poverty; Poverty alleviation policy; Markets and poverty; Poverty dynamics; Sustainable communities; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106951

Agriculture in Sao Tome e Principe: Policy and Investment Options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kyle,   Steven C.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121155

The Green Revolution in Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alumira,   Jane; Rusike,   Joseph.
This paper presents a historical overview of plant breeding research, variety release and seed supply of staple food grains in Zimbabwe, and assesses the impacts of the new varieties on yields using national aggregate yield data. The paper also analyses farm-level factors determining farmers’ adoption decisions in the semi-arid areas, where the mini-green revolution lagged behind more favorable areas. The results indicate that the adoption of improved crop varieties will not lead to substantial yield gains unless improved soil management methods, such as application of manure and fertilizer, are also adopted..
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; Maize; Semi-arid areas; Soil fertility management; Drought; Zimbabwe; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110144

Les actions de l’Université d’Etat du Michigan (MSU) au Mali à travers son projet PASIDMA (projet d’appui au système d’information décentralisé du marché agricole)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Staatz,   John M.
Michigan State University (MSU) has been active in Mali since 1985, with its first projects focusing on the analysis of agricultural development policies and the problems related to food security in Mali. MSU contributed or contributes to: -Helping support the agricultural market information system (OMA) by providing technical assistance for the design and implementation of the market information system, staff training, and computerization. -National capacity building by developing human resources through the transfer of experiences, in-service training , and the offering of the opportunities to 4 Malian women to pursue their studies at MSU for Masters or PhD programs; -Supporting IPR by mobilizing funds to allow it to redesign its 2-year agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security; Food Policy; Mali; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55454

How to increase food security in North Korea?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiss,   Judit.
In North Korea, in conformity with the still prevailing Juche ideology, food self-reliance seems to be the main objective in order to increase food security. The only option for boosting domestic food supply is to intensify agricultural and food production, as the possibilities for an extensive production increase are rather limited, due to natural, climatic and ecological conditions. The article analyses those less energy-intensive, less costly, but more cost efficient and environmentally friendly farming methods and practices, which might lead to sustainable self-sufficiency via sustainable productivity. Though technical developments have a vital role in increasing labour productivity and yields, a conducive economic environment is also essential for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: North Korean agriculture; Food security; Self-reliance; Intensifying agricultural production; Increasing yields; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48100

The North American Agrifood Market Integration Consortium: A Guide to its Activities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meilke,   Karl D.; Nazli,   Hina.
This document provides an index and a guide to the activities of the North American Agrifood Market Integration Consortium (NAAMIC) and its predecessor organization the Policy Disputes Information Consortium (PDIC). The first meeting of the group took place in Rio Rico, Arizona in March 1995 and the most recent in Cancun, Mexico in June 2007. Since 1995 the group has held an annual workshop where issues of importance to the three member nations of the NAFTA can be discussed in an open and frank forum. It is one of the few trinational activities where academics, government employees and private sector agents can meet to discuss common problems. The activities of the group are predicated on the belief that unbiased information presented to public and private...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market; Integration; NAFTA; NAAMIC; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43456

Agricultural Growth and Structural Changes in the Punjab Economy: An Input-output Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhalla,   G.S.; Chadha,   G.K.; Kashyap,   S.P.; Sharma,   R.K.
This research report is part of IFPRI's continuous efforts to understand the relationship between technological change in agriculture and overall economic growth that expands employment and income opportunities for the poor in developing countries. The research is a collaborative effort with the Centre for the Study of Regional Development at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi. The study documents and analyzes the structural changes that have occurred in the Punjab economy since the green revolution of the mid-1960s. With two input-output tables—one for 1969/70 and the other for 1979/80—the authors have traced the sources of structural changes and examined the changes in the intersectoral linkages and the quantum of indirect and induced income and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; Punjab (India); Economic conditions; Input-output analysis; International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42162

Agricultural Support and Political Mobilization:  Evidence from Andhra Pradesh
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tandon,   Sharad.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124412

Economic Growth under Globalization: Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhuang,   Renan; Koo,   Won W.
It has been controversial among economists about the impacts of globalization on growth, and the debate over the issue has intensified in recent years. In this study, we employ reliable panel data and an empirical growth model derived from production theory to investigate the effects of globalization on economic growth. The estimation results strongly suggest that economic globalization has a significant positive effect on economic growth for all countries. However, China and India would gain the most, followed by developed countries, and other developing countries would gain the least. Other important determinants of economic growth include capital, human capital, and technology.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Economic growth; Measure of Economic Globalization; International Development; F15; F43.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9750

SOME MARKET EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ON FUNCTIONAL INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martin,   Lee R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13403

SOCIAL CAPITAL AMONG AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolz,   Axel; Fritzsch,   Jana; Pencakova,   Jitka.
The change of the political regime from the socialist central planning system to a market economy and pluralistic society required the reorganisation not only of agricultural production, but also of the organisations in their support. In the Czech Republic, agricultural production is characterised by a dualistic structure in these days, i.e. private farmers on the one side and corporate farms on the other. However, among both groups some had been economically more successful than others. In general, a varying adoption of production factors, i.e. land, labour and capital is identified as being of influence. Whether their ability to collaborate with other farms is an additional factor, which has been discussed under the concept of social capital since quite...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corporate farms; Private farms; Social capital; Cross sectional models; Czech Republic; Landwirtschaftliche Großbetriebe; Familienbetriebe; Sozialkapital; Tschechische Republik; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; C31; P32; Q12; Z13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91965

Conservation tillage and controlled traffic
Provedor de dados: 31
The following review is an financial assessment of an Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) conservation tillage and controlled traffic research project which was conducted in China (for the conservation tillage component) and Australia (for the controlled traffic component) during the period 1993–1996, inclusive. The project—No. 9209—was implemented by staff from the Beijing Agricultural and Engineering University and the Shanxi Agricultural Machinery Bureau (in China) and the University of Queensland (in Australia).  The overall aim of the joint project was to develop and evaluate conservation and zone (controlled traffic) tillage techniques for sustainable dryland grain production in China and Australia. Australian dryland...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Conservation tillage; Controlled traffic; Conservation agriculture; China; Australia; Grain production; Dryland; Crop; Soil conservation; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47502

EXTERNAL SHOCKS AND DOMESTIC POVERTY ALLEVIATION: SIMULATIONS WITH A CGE MODEL OF MALAWI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; Chulu,   Osten; Sichinga,   Osky; Simtowe,   Franklin; Tchale,   Hardwick; Teska,   Ralph; Wobst,   Peter.
Two sets of issues loom large on the economic horizon of Malawi: poverty alleviation and the country’s vulnerability to shocks emanating from the outside world. In this paper, simulations with a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of Malawi are used to analyze aspects of these issues. The primary database that is used is a 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Malawi which in part is based on the recently published Malawian Integrated Household Survey (IHS) 1997-98.   The simulations explore the effects of external shocks and domestic policy changes aimed at poverty alleviation. The external shocks reflect episodes to which Malawi’s economy has been exposed in recent times: changes in the international prices of tobacco and petroleum products and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16299

AN OPERATIONAL METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE POVERTY OUTREACH PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: RESULTS FROM FOUR CASE STUDIES IN AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Henry,   Carla; Lapenu,   Cecile.
Many development projects seek to reach the poorest in the provision of agricultural inputs, extension, credit, education, and many other services.  However, low-cost and reliable methods for assessing whether a project reaches the poor are lacking at present.  In this paper, we present an operational method that was designed during a two-year research project from 1999-2001 with the support of an international donor-coordination office.  The objective of the research was to develop and test a new method that could be later used by development practitioners to assess the poverty level of beneficiaries of development projects that target the poor in relation to the general population in the intervention area.  The method constructs a poverty index using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Targeting; Evaluation; Principle component analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25907

The Dairy Sector of Mexico: A Country Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.; Jesse,   Edward V.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91362

Bargaining Power in Relational Contracts: An Experimental Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cordero Salas,   Paula.
This paper provides experimental evidence of the economic impact from shifting bargaining power in relational contracts. I implement an experimental design that adjusts the bargaining power of sellers (agents) and the enforceability of the contract. I find that the vast majority of contracts take the form of efficiency wage contracts instead of contingent performance contracts when enforcement is partially incomplete and sellers have more bargaining power than buyers. The total contracted and actual compensation increase with the bargaining power of the sellers. However, sellers' profits are found to increase only if a part of the total payment is third-party enforceable. In this case, observed surplus and efficiency are lower than predictions. When no...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Contracts; Incomplete enforcement; Bargaining; Experiments; Distribution; Institutions; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; D86; K12; L14; O12; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103579

FOOD SAFETY POLICY ISSUES FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Unnevehr,   Laurian J.; Haddad,   Lawrence James; Delgado,   Christopher L.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16544

The Benefits and Costs of Proliferation of Geographical Labelling for Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anders,   Sven M.; Caswell,   Julie A.
Food product attributes related to geographical origins are a topical issue in global food trade. The provision of geographical labelling may occur through geographical indications under the mandated trade rules of the TRIPS Agreement, trademarks, or country-of-origin labelling. The overall effect of the expansion of geographical labelling on developing countries depends on a complex mix of market opportunities that may yield substantial benefits as well as implementation costs. Increasingly, the analysis of this overall effect will need to evaluate the joint impacts of different forms of geographical labelling on the market position of developing countries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; Geographical labelling; International trade; TRIPS; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; F13; Q13; O19.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42130

Factors Affecting U.S. Trade and Shipments of Information Technology Products: Computer Equipment, Telecommunications Equipment, and Semiconductors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Canavan,   Theresa H.; Carr,   Robert; Johnson,   Christopher.
Despite a recent downturn, the information technology (IT) products sector experienced a tremendous expansion in trade and shipments during the last decade and became an increasingly important component of the U.S. economy. This expansion was driven by a variety of factors such as the globalization of IT production, constant technological innovation, rapid growth in worldwide consumption, and global trade liberalization. This working paper will examine these factors, providing particular attention to the computer equipment, telecommunications equipment, and semiconductor industries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15881

ARE POOR, REMOTE AREAS LEFT BEHIND IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF TANZANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
In Tanzania, as in many other developing countries, the conventional wisdom is that economic reforms may have stimulated economic growth, but the benefits of this growth have been uneven, favoring urban households and farmers with good market access.  This idea, although quite plausible, has rarely been tested.  In this paper, we develop a new approach to measuring trends in poverty and inequality and apply it to Tanzania in order to explore the distributional aspects of economic growth and the relationship between rural poverty and market access.  We find that, over the 1990s when significant economic reforms were implemented, the overall rate of poverty fell.  Poverty fell the least in Dar es Salaam and the most in small urban areas.  The degree of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20188

Peer Effect, Risk-Pooling and Status Seeking: Which Matters to Gift Spending Escalation in Rural China?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Xi; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
This paper is based on our ongoing joint work with Ravi Kanbur. Xi Chen is grateful to Ravi Kanbur for invaluable comments, guidance and encouragement. For comments and suggestions, please direct correspondence to Xi Chen at xc49@cornell.edu.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social Network; Peer Effect; Risk-pooling; Status Seeking; Gift-giving; Ceremony; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty; I32; J22; D13; D63.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103643

China’s Agricultural and Rural Development in the Early 21st Century
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114092

POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AND THE ENVIRONMENT: EVIDENCE FROM A FRONTIER REGION OF THE PHILIPPINES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shively,   Gerald E.; Pagiola,   Stefano.
We measure impacts of agricultural intensification on environmental outcomes in the Philippines. We develop models of labor demand outside a forest zone and labor allocation and asset accumulation inside a forest zone to study household response to technical change. Using household data from 1995-2000 we estimate a series of dynamic econometric models to trace the impacts of irrigation development to changes in incomes and activities at the forest margin.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20532

Land Use Issues: The Last Settler’s Syndrome
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Groothuis,   Peter A.
In the last settler’s syndrome, each new settler wants the area to remain as it was on their arrival. Newcomers’ preferences often differ from long-term residents, and conflicts arise. To explore land use issues among various groups, a survey of opinions on mountain views was developed and administered to Watauga County residents in western North Carolina. Watauga County provides an interesting case study, because it is a growing area with an influx of newcomers along with long-time residents. The results suggest that agreements can be achieved on some land use issues, whereas disagreements will arise on others.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Billboards; Contingent valuation; Land use; Scenic amenities; Wind energy; Farm Management; International Development; Land Economics/Use; R14; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90668

China's Growth, World Food Prices, and Developing Countries Exports
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villoria,   Nelson.
This paper explores the impacts of China's growth in the international markets of agricultural products. These impacts are important because they are related to two different ongoing discussions about the role of China in the world economy. One of these discussions have to do with China as a source of price inflation while the other has to do with China as an engine of growth for developing countries, in this case, through increased export opportunities. Our results suggest that China has been a source of aggregated mild price inflation in the largest developed economies that occupy the first ranks as food importers. This is probably related to a more intense pressure on world food supplies. When we look at the counterfactual exports of selected exporters,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Gravity; China; Food prices; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49398

Medição do Impacto dos Bens Públicos e Privados sobre os Rendimentos Familiares Provenientes de Culturas em Moçambique Rural, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56804

SOME STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE UNITED STATES AND JAPANESE ECONOMIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Binswanger,   Hans P.; Yamaguchi,   Mitoshi.
This paper is an attempt to quantify some interaction effects among capital accumulation, population growth and sectoral technical change in economic development. We tried to find a balance in the difficult trade-off just mentioned. We built a simple dynamic general equilibrium model along neoclassical lines. It is an agricultural-nonagricultural two sector model of a closed economy. Due to its simplicity, causal chains are easily traced. But we do not pretend to capture a complete model of development and recognize that the parameters of the model may change over time, i.e., that there is structural change. Therefore no simulations are performed with the model. Instead, we tried to find parameter values for the model at various stages of the development...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1974
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13920

DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-3S, "PRICE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN MARKETS"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haigh,   Michael S.
This is a potpourri of price analyses involving developed, developing and transition economies.  Papers included in this session: Dynamics of Polish Wheat Prices in Comparison to Selected World Prices in a Period of Economic Transformation, Szczepan Figiel, Olsztyn University of Agriculture and Technology. Economic and Environmental Impacts of the Post-1992 CAP Reforms on Alentejo Economy of Portugal, Amilcar Serrao, Universidade de Evora. Effects of Dutch Mineral Policies on Land Prices: A Micro Economic Simulation Approach, Maroeska Boots, Alfons Oude Lansink, and Jack Peerlings. Maize Markets and Rural Storage in Mozambique: A Spatial and Temporal Analysis,                                                 Channing Arndt, Purdue University; Rico Schiller...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20949

Technical Efficiency of Resource Conserving Technologies in Rice Wheat Systems: Case of Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khong,   Tien Dung; Pede,   Valerien O.; Sumalde,   Zenaida M.; McKinley,   Justin D.; Mohanty,   Samarendu.
This study aimed to evaluate the technical efficiency of farmers engaged in rice-wheat cropping systems in India using Resource Conserving Technologies (RCTs) such as zero-tillage and direct seeding, under the intervention of the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) project primarily funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The goal of the project is to alleviate hunger and malnutrition as well as increase income and food security for poor farmers living in South Asia.  The Resource Conserving Technologies (RCTs) are being promoted as part of conservation agriculture supported by the project. These technologies are designed to reduce the strain agricultural production has on two critical natural resources: water and soil. The RCT...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103652

Theoretical bases of construction of logistical systems in territories of the bordering states and their role in industrial-innovative development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koshumbaev,   Maksat.
Logistical systems, vertical and horizontal, micro- and macro-, play important role in optimizing economic cooperative relations among economic agents in territories of the bordering states. The author also thinks that logistical systems can stimulate creation of innovative productions and clusters.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Logistical systems; Industrial cooperation; Production management; Innovations; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L90; R4.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94539

The Persistence of Small Farms and Poverty Levels in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Apata,   Temidayo Gabriel; Rahji,   M.A.Y.; Samuel,   K.D.; Igbalajobi,   O.A.
Small farmers are one of the more disadvantaged and vulnerable groups in Nigeria. Studies have shown that majority of people living in absolute poverty can be found on small farms with half in this group undernourished. The study examined heterogeneity in circumstances and diversity in rural agriculture, the persistence of small farms, poverty and institutional development and facilities. Data for this study came from Nigerian living Standard Survey (NLSS) which covered the two periods 1994/2004. The data set consists of 9550 respondents’ but only 8264 cases were useful for this study. The index of heterogeneity at 29.1 indicated persistence of small farms in the two periods under consideration. Persistence of small farms and poverty are closely related (r...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Heterogeneity index; Poverty Differential; Institutional Development; Structural Constraints; Nigeria; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53001

MULTIFUNCIONALIDADE E PLURIATIVIDADE COMO ALTERNATIVAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR NO BRASIL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Machado,   Andre Grossi; Caume,   David Jose.
O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir, por meio de uma revisão teórica, alternativas de desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar no Brasil com um enfoque voltado aos conceitos de pluriatividade da agricultura familiar e multifuncionalidade do espaço agrário. Dentro dessa abordagem, e procurando comparar com a situação de outros países, objetiva-se explicar as especificidades, assim como as oportunidades e limitações da aplicação desses conceitos no país. A conjugação desses conceitos tem o potencial de levar a uma reorientação do modelo de desenvolvimento do meio rural brasileiro. A reorientação pode vir por meio de um modelo sustentável, ecologicamente correto e socialmente igualitário, proporcionando a fixação e manutenção de famílias no campo ligadas a...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar; Desenvolvimento; Mutifuncionalidade; Pluriatividade; Family agriculture; Development; Multifunctionality; Pluriactivity; Brazil; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108090

The New Growth Theory: Its Logic and Trade Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baldwin,   Richard E.; Seghezza,   Elena.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50862

Asymmetric Response of Nutrient Intakes to Cereal Price Changes among the Poor in China: Implications for the Effect of Cereal Price Subsidies on the Poor’s Nutrient Intakes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shimokawa,   Satoru.
Previous studies commonly assume that the effects of introducing and ending cereal price subsidies on the poor’s nutrient intakes are symmetric. We question the assumption of symmetry and show that the poor’s nutrient intakes respond asymmetrically to declines and increases in the price of cereal in China. Our results imply that introducing cereal price subsidies can increase the poor’s total energy intake by increasing their calorie intakes from fat and protein, and that ending such subsidies would insignificantly affect the poor’s total energy intake; however, it may further increase their calorie intakes from fat and protein.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food price subsidy; Nutrition; Poverty; Asia; China; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; I38; O12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51661

ON KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14997

Fiscal Policies in Highly Unequal Societies: Implications for Agricultural Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.
The paper discusses the economic effects of misallocation of public expenditures in favor of private goods rather than public goods. It first lays out certain key hypotheses regarding the consequences of the apparent public sector allocation inefficiency and the factors that explain this phenomenon. It then discusses existing empirical evidence that lends at least indirect support to these hypotheses. Finally, it presents new empirical evidence for the rural sector in Latin America which documents the extent of the misallocation of public expenditures, its consequences for agricultural growth and rural poverty, and the role of certain key politico-institutional factors in explaining the misallocation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Public expenditure; Public goods; Agricultural growth; Subsidies; Social equity; International Development; H40; H41; H42; O13; Q15; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112595

Third-Party Facilitation of Investments in Private Enforcement Capital: Evidence from Armenian Dairy Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shanoyan,   Aleksan; Gow,   Hamish R.; Peterson,   H. Christopher; Ross,   Brent.
Globalization and the changing structure of agri-food procurement channels have forced governments and international development community to shift their efforts towards linking farmers to markets through high value added contractual marketing relationships.  A critical pre-condition for establishing economically sustainable value chain linkages is the presence of effective contract enforcement mechanisms.  In many countries both public and private contract enforcement is poor resulting in high hold-up risk and underinvestment into relationships.  This creates an immense challenge for donors and policy makers in facilitating sustainable relationships along the supply chain. This study explores the key elements in the design and implementation of assistance...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market linkages; Contract enforcement; Dairy; Armenia; Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61410

Effects of Credit Constraints on Productivity and Rural Household Income in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dong,   Fengxia; Lu,   Jing; Featherstone,   Allen M.
Agricultural production is strongly conditioned by the fact that inputs are transformed into outputs with considerable time lags, causing the rural household to balance its budget during the season when there are high expenditures for input purchases and consumption and few revenues. With limited access to credit, the budget balance within the year can become a constraint to agricultural production. As is the case in many developing countries, Chinese rural households have been suffering from a lack of access to capital. While China is one of the biggest countries in terms of rural areas and agricultural production, few studies have focused on the impact of credit on agriculture in China. Using survey data, this study aims to examine how credit constraints...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Credit constraint; Household income; Productivity; Rural China.; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95764

Selling formal Insurance to the Informally Insured
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mobarak,   A. Mushfiq; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
Unpredictable rainfall is an important risk for agricultural activity, and farmers in developing countries often receive incomplete insurance from informal risk-sharing networks.  We study the demand for, and effects of, offering formal index-based rainfall insurance through a randomized experiment in an environment where the informal risk sharing network can be readily identified and richly characterized: sub-castes in rural India. A model allowing for both idiosyncratic and aggregate risk shows that informal networks lower the demand for formal insurance only if the network indemnifies against aggregate risk, but not if its primary role is to insure against farmer-specific losses.  When formal insurance carries basis risk (mismatches between payouts and...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Index insurance; Risk sharing; Basis risk; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; O17; O13; O16.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121671

THE END OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE? A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM INVESTIGATION ON THE SOURCES OF THE ASIAN CRISIS WITHIN A MULTI-REGION, INTER-TEMPORAL CGE MODEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelman,   Irma; Yeldan,   A. Erinc.
The Asian financial crisis had a profound impact on the global economy.  Growth is expected to be slower; risks are higher; and the international flows of capital have been dislocated.  Above all, it has set out forces of new conditionality surrounding the developmental state, constraining its ability in designing an independent strategy of industrialization and foreign trade.  With the aid of an inter-temporal, multi-region CGE model, we regard the crisis to be the result of a fundamental incompatibility between an independent financial policy with unregulated capital markets.  We model the increased financial fragility surrounding the unregulated, short-term speculative capital flows as a sudden and unexpected rise in the domestic risk premium....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25063

African Regional Integration: Implications for Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Dijk,   Michiel.
This report looks at the African regional trade, regional integration agreements (RIAs) and the implications for food security. An overview is presented on the present state of African regional integration and the determinants of regional trade in agriculture and food commodities. In particular the study focuses on eight target countries, related RIAs and a set of strategic food commodities. The evidence presented in this study shows that African countries have made progress in opening up agriculture and food trade with partner countries. With, the exception of Ghana, Tanzania and Mozambique, the effective applied tariff rates for regional trade partners are substantially lower than the (MFN) rates applied to world trade partners. Nonetheless, regional...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Regional integration agreements; Africa; Food security.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/101645

Lessons Learned from 25 Years of Food Security Research, Capacity-Building, and Outreach.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Food Security Group at Michigan State University.
Decades of research have led to substantially improved understanding of the nature of food insecurity. Until the food crisis of 2007/08, a combination of economic growth and targeted programs resulted in a steady fall in the percentage of the world’s population suffering from under-nutrition (from 20% in 1990/92 to 16% in 2006). Yet over a billion people still face both chronic and/or transitory food insecurity due to long-standing problems of inadequate income, low-productivity in agricultural production and marketing, and related problems of poor health and absence of clean water. Among regions of the world, the greatest number of the food insecure lives in South Asia, while Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest proportion of population that is food...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Research; Capacity building; Outreach; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q10; Q18; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55047

The Efficacy of Parochial Politics: Caste, Commitment, and Competence in Indian Local Governments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Munshi,   Kaivan; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
Parochial politics is typically associated with poor leadership and low levels of public good provision. This paper explores the possibility that community involvement in politics need not necessarily worsen governance and, indeed, can be efficiency enhancing when the context is appropriate. Complementing the new literature on the role of community networks in solving market problems, we test the hypothesis that strong traditional social institutions can discipline the leaders they put forward, successfully substituting for secular political institutions when they are ineffective. Using new data on Indian local governments at the ward level over multiple terms, and exploiting the randomized election reservation system, we find that the presence of a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Politics; Commitment; Governance; International Development; Political Economy; H11; H44; O12.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43523

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: THE EFFECT OF BUDGET BALANCE                 AND POLLUTION CEILING CONSTRAINTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Batabyal,   Amitrajeet A.
I analyze the problem faced by an asymmetrically informed supranational governmental authority (SNGA) with limited financial resources who wishes to design an International Environmental Agreement (IEA). The SNGA cannot contract directly with polluting firms in the various LDCs, but he must deal with such firms through their governments. I study this tripartite hierarchical interaction and focus on the properties of the optimal ex post contracts (IEAs), which can be implemented by the SNGA, in turn, in the case where governments and firms in each nation do not collude and then in the case where governments and firms do collude. I find that the monetary transfers necessary to induce optimal behavior by governments and firms are not very sensitive to the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental; Agreement; LDCs; Budget; Ceiling; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; D62; D82; Q25.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28347

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE SURPLUS TRANSFERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winters,   Paul C.; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; Stamoulis,   Kostas G.
The financial surplus of agriculture has been central to theories of the role of agriculture in economic development.  Morrisson and Thorbecke (MT) have used a constant-price social accounting matrix (SAM) framework to rigorously measure the financial surplus of agriculture and decompose the mechanisms of surplus extraction.  History and theory have, however, stressed the role of prices as an invisible transfer mechanism in addition to the visible transfers identified in the SAM framework.  We extend the MT approach by defining and measuring the real surplus of agriculture and decomposing the mechanisms of surplus extraction between visible and invisible financial transfers.  Using an archetype computable general equilibrium model for poor African nations,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25086

BRANDING REGIONAL IDENTITY AS A DRIVER FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Messely,   Lies; Dessein,   Joost; Lauwers,   Ludwig H.
Within the globalizing world, regions and their identities are subjected to great pressure. At present, places are engaged in a process of “territorial competition” in an integrated world economy. The identity of the region can be used as a starting point to brand a region and differentiate it from others. In the regional branding process, the region as a whole becomes a product or brand and offers a “basket” of regional products and services. This paper discusses the possibility of regional identity as a mobilizing force for rural development, by studying best practice examples of regional branding. Using the grounded theory approach, we conducted interviews in three case regions: West Cork (Ireland), Groene Woud (the Netherlands) and Pajottenland...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Identity; Region formation; Regional branding; Rural development; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57406

ALBERTA AND THE EU-27: PAST TRADE RELATIONS AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Emter,   Nicholas A.; Mirus,   Rolf.
Canada and the EU-27 are negotiating a comprehensive economic partnership agreement against the backdrop of the stalled multilateral negotiations under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The new agreement is expected to stimulate trade, investment, and technology transfer between the two partners. This report provides a review of the last 15 years of Alberta’s experience in exporting goods to the EU-27, with the goal of gaining insights into how freer trade could affect future exports to the region. First, we summarize the state of bilateral economic relations between the prospective partners, relying in part on a study jointly sponsored by the EU and the Government of Canada. The second part focuses on the exports to the EU from Alberta...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Canada; EU; International trade; Trade; Imports; Exports; Commercial services exports; Merchandise exports; Commercial services imports; Merchandise imports; Manufactured goods; Commodities; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60403

CAPITALISM IN HUMAN SCALE: ARE THERE "VIRTUOUS CIRCLES" IN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN ACHIEVING A NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY STATUS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mendis,   Patrick.
The purpose of this paper is two-fold: the first part is to understand the "virtuous circles" of economic growth and human development; the second part is to review the development literature related to this discussion. For this, the evolving development strategies of Sri Lanka and South Korea and the seemingly convergent two schools of thinking are briefly outlined in Section II. Section III surveys the pace of economic and human progress to give a broad background of the debate. Section IV analyzes the economic growth and human development in selected Industrialized Countries, Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs), Emerging NICs, and Aspiring South Asian neighbors of Sri Lanka...In the second part of the paper, a discussion of economic development...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13901

TRANSITION AND AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rozelle,   Scott; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
The overall objectives of our proposed paper is to: (a) systematically document the post-reform trends in agricultural performance in Asia, Europe, and the Former Soviet Union; (b) identify the main reform strategies and institutional innovations that have contributed to the successes and failures of the sector; (c) analyze the mechanisms by which reform policies and initial conditions have affected the transition process in agriculture; and (d) draw lessons and policy implications from the experiment and identify the gaps in our understanding of the role and performance of agriculture in transition.    As part of this effort, we attempt to address a number of intriguing and important questions on the performance of individual countries or regions during...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11948

Growth Options and Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia: A Spatial Economywide Model Analysis for 2004-15
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Ghautam,   Madhur; Keough,   James; Chamberlin,   Jordan; You,   Liangzhi; Puetz,   Detlev; Resnick,   Danielle; Yu,   Bingxin.
Also published as EDRI-ESSP Policy Working Paper No. 2: Xinshen Diao; Alejandro Nin Pratt; Madhur Ghautam; James Keough; Jordan Chamberlin; Liangszi You; Detlev Puetz; Danielle Resnick; Bingxin Yu. 2005. Growth options and poverty reduction in Ethiopia: a spatial, economywide model analysis for 2004-15.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty alleviation; Agricultural growth; Agricultural sector; Millennium Development Goals; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Disaggregation; Household surveys; Ethiopia; Africa; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58383

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AND PRO POOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA: POTENTIAL AND POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kydd,   Jonathan; Dorward,   Andrew; Morrison,   Jamie; Cadisch,   Georg.
There is widespread concern at continuing, and indeed deepening, poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, and the lack of processes of rapid and broad based economic growth to combat this. There is also debate about the role agriculture in driving pro-poor economic growth with some arguing that it has a critical role in this while others see it is as largely irrelevant. This paper examines these arguments. We summarise and critique what we term the Washington Consensus on Agriculture (a consensus that appears to be eroding) and alternative positions opposing investment in agriculture. We suggest that both sets of arguments pay insufficient attention to important institutional issues in development, and, having taken these into account, we conclude that agriculture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10920

IMPROVING THE DEVELOPMENT RESPONSE IN DIFFICULT ENVIRONMENTS: LESSONS FROM DFID EXPERIENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12819

Food Security in Afghanistan: Household-level Evidence from the 2007-08 Food Price Crisis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: D'Souza,   Anna; Jolliffe,   Dean.
Replaced with revised version of paper 10/20/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food security; High food prices; Nutrition; Poverty; Afghanistan; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D12; I3.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61139

The effects of international remittances on poverty, inequalities, and development in rural Egypt
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Richard H., Jr.
Many low-income people, especially those from poor rural areas, seek to improve their lives by immigrating in search of work and income, increasingly moving across national borders and further afield. In recent years, the remittances they earn have come to have an important effect on the economies of many developing countries, profoundly affecting poverty, income distribution, and rural economic development in the villages from which the migrated. The results of this study compliment the findings of other IFPRI studies on poverty alleviation, income sources, and rural development. The study uses primary household data from small area of rural Egypt in a innovative way to address such vital questions as who immigrates, how remittances affect poverty and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Egypt; Finance; Emigrant remittances; Rural poor; Income distribution; Alien labor; Egyptian; Economic conditions; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42132

REFORM OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT AND INVESTMENT POLICY IN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Easter,   K. William; Zekri,   Slim.
This paper examines the reform of water and irrigation management in Africa and compares it with similar reforms in Asia.  Several things are evident from the review.  First, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is at an earlier stage of irrigation development and reform than Asia.  Second, the articulated need for reform is much stronger in Asia than it is in SSA.  Third, the productivity of small-scale irrigated farms is significantly lower in SSA compared to Asia.  Thus any irrigation investment strategy in SSA should be different from Asia and focus on increasing small-farm productivity as well as small-scale irrigation projects.  Finally, all direct government irrigation investments should be done jointly with decisions regarding the type of project management.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28067

Entrepreneurship as a factor of innovative development for  national economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tursunov,   Imamnazar; Akhmedov,   Farkhad.
Entrepreneurship plays important role in provision the innovative mode to national economy development. Particularly, small and medium  companies  demonstrates significant innovation potential. The task of innovation transformation in national economy should be implemented through using entrepreneurship, based both on state and private property, as factor driving innovations. The author indicates on policy directions that  would contribute  to innovative entrepreneurial development in Uzbekistan. Particularly, policy measures to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship in Kashkadarya region.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovative development; Small business; Stimulation of innovative entrepreneurship; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O38.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94533

GROWTH, SCARCITY AND R&amp;D
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tsur,   Yacov; Zemel,   Amos.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14994

Can Voluntary Programs Resolve China's Environmental Crisis? An Analysis of ISO 14001 Certification in a Sample of Chinese Firms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McGuire,   William.
I study the determinants of ISO 14001 certification in a sample of manufacturing firms in China as well as the effect of ISO 14001 certification on firm environmental performance.  Results indicate that ISO 14001 plays an important role in signaling the firm's environmental technology to environmentally conscious customers.  ISO 14001 also appears to improve firm environmental performance, even after controlling for endogeneity between performance and certification.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; ISO 14001; Environmental Management Systems; Signaling; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103659

An Empirical Evaluation of New Socialist Countryside Development in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guo,   Xiang-Yu; Yu,   Zhi-Gang; Schmit,   Todd M.; Henehan,   Brian M.; Li,   Dan.
China prioritized a New Socialist Countryside reform policy in 2005 to address the growing disparities in incomes and living standards between rural and urban populations. These policies are evaluated to provide a base line index of reform concerning farmer, agricultural, and rural economic development. Aggregate index scores are computed to rank provincial progress. Rankings indicate the progression of rural economic reform is moderate, at best, and mostly isolated to well-developed eastern provinces. Reform growth is also uneven across similarly, rural provinces indicating a need for continued attention in these poorer areas. More importantly, as reform efforts continue, the empirical framework established can be used to track relative performance over...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Factor Analysis; New Socialist Countryside; Policy Evaluation; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49002

EVALUATION OF OPPORTUNITIES AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY YOUNG U.S. PROFESSIONALS SEEKING CAREER INVOLVEMENT IN THE ECONOMICS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senger,   Larry.
In 1978, the American Agricultural Economics Association sponsored a study entitled "Needs and Strategies for Improving Training of Agricultural Economists for Work in International Agricultural Development."  Major emphasis was placed on exploring two related topics.  First, what can U.S. universities do to improve the training of future agricultural economists from LDC's for work in the agricultural development of their countries; and second, what can be done to increase the participation and contribution of young U.S. professionals trained to work in the economics of agricultural development in LDC's.  It is generally recognized that it is desirable for LDC professionals to staff and direct their own programs to develop their agricultural sectors.  This...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1979
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11039

THE IMPACT OF AID ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cungu,   Azeta; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
This paper assesses econometrically the contribution of aid to output growth in a panel of twenty transition countries over nine years (1989-1997). The study finds a positive and statistically significant relationship between foreign aid and growth. A second result is that the positive effect of aid seems to be stronger when associated with economic liberalisation. The above findings are important, particularly in light of recent scepticism on the role of aid on developing country economic growth and the recent declining trend in aid commitments from industrialized countries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31890

Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers and Remittances on Credit Market Outcomes in Rural Nicaragua
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez,   Emilio; Sam,   Abdoul G.; Gonzalez-Vega,   Claudio; Chen,   Joyce J.
The impact of public and private transfers on credit markets has not been sufficiently studied  and understanding any spill over effects caused by these transfers may be useful for policy makers. This  paper estimates the impact of Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) and remittances received by poor  households in rural Nicaragua on their decision to request a loan. We find that, on average, CCTs did not  affect the request of credit while remittances increased it, controlling for potential endogeneity. We argue  the reduction in income risk provided by remittances changes borrowers’ expected marginal returns to a  loan and/or their creditworthiness, as perceived by lenders. The successful enforcement of the use of CCTs  on long-term investments seems to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; D14; F22; O15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49319

Technology Capital: The Price of Admission to the Growth Club
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Evenson,   Robert E.; Fuglie,   Keith O.
We assess long-run patterns of global agricultural productivity growth in developing countries between 1970 and 2005 and examine the relationship between investments in technology capital and productivity.  To measure agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) we employ a Solow-type growth accounting method to decompose output growth into input and TFP growth.  For technology capital we construct two indexes reflecting national capacities in agricultural research and education-extension for 87 developing countries. We then correlate technology capital levels with long-term growth rates in agricultural TFP. Our findings show that average agricultural TFP growth in developing countries accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s but fell marginally in the early...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Agricultural extension; Agricultural research; Land quality; Agricultural cost shares; Growth accounting; Total factor productivity (TFP); International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q10; Q16; O13; O30; O47; O57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51398

The Developmental Relevance of Tariff Rate Quotas as a Market Access Instrument: An Analysis of Swiss Agricultural Imports
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khorana,   Sangeeta.
At present there are 1425 tariff rate quotas (TRQs) notified by member countries to the World Trade Organization. TRQs were provided for in the Uruguay Round as a trade policy instrument to guarantee minimum market access for politically sensitive agricultural imports, and in some cases to continue managed trade regimes. This article evaluates the developmental relevance of TRQs and discusses how the various methods TRQ administration methods influence market access in Switzerland for agricultural products from developing countries. The findings show that existing TRQ management in Switzerland is complicated and lacks transparency. Further, the manner in which TRQs are administered results in high transaction costs, a situation that fails to liberate trade...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; Switzerland; Tariff rate quotas; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37966

Ties that Bind: The Kin System as a Mechanism of Income-Hiding between Spouses in Rural Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Castilla,   Carolina.
I present a simple model of intra-household allocation between spouses to show that when the quantity of resources available to the household is not perfectly observed by both spouses, hiding of income can occur even when revelation of the additional resources increases bargaining power. From the model, a test to identify income hiding empirically is derived. For the empirical application, a household survey conducted in Southern Ghana is used. I exploit the variation in the degree of asymmetric information between spouses, measured as the difference between the husband’s own reporting of farm sales and the wife’s reporting of his farm sales, to test whether the allocation of resources is consistent with hiding. For identification, the wife’s clan and the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Incomplete information; Income hiding; Non-cooperative family bargaining; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; D13; D82; J12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104072

The Road to Johannesburg: Mobilizing Agricultural Science for Sustainable Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Ian.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124430

Prospects for BT Cotton In Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitoro,   Raul; Walker,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Swinton,   Scott M.; Boughton,   Duncan; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco.
Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique Directorate of Training, Documentation, and Technology Transfer
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Mozambique; Food security; Bio Technology; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53461

Determinants of Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David.
Crop income is the predominant source of income for most rural Mozambican households, accounting for 73% of rural household income on average in 2002, and greater than 80% of the total income of the poorest 40% of rural households. While the Government of Mozambique recognizes the need to improve agricultural productivity, there is little empirical evidence to date suggesting what mix of public and private assets would best foster improved agricultural productivity in rural Mozambique. This paper aims to better understand the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique, by using the TIA panel household survey of 2002-2005 to measure the impact of various private and public assets on crop income. We build upon Walker et al.’s (2004) analysis...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Crop income; Food security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121861

Are small Sub-Sahara African farmers willing to pay for vegetative propagated orange fleshed sweetpotato planting material? Evidence from Central Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Labarta,   Ricardo A.
This paper evaluates farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the vegetative propagated orange fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) planting material that is many times considered as a public good. Famers’ WTP for OFSP vines was elicited by conducting a real choice experiment (RCE) among 121 small sweetpotato growers in central Mozambique with prior experience growing OFSP but with no participation in OFSP vine distributions in the previous 3 years of the experiment. Results reveals a higher farmers’ willingness to pay for OFSP varieties (US$0.07-0.12) compared to the non-orange planting material (US$ 0.03) and compared to the traditional subsidized price of clean sweetpotato vines (US$ 0.06) used in Mozambique. These results may encourage formation of a network of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49447

How Important are Peer Effects in Group Lending? Estimating a Static Game of Incomplete Information
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Shanjun; Liu,   Yanyan; Deininger,   Klaus W.
We quantify the importance of peer effects in group lending by estimating a static game of incomplete information. In our model, group members make their repayment decisions simultaneously based on their household and loan characteristics as well as their expectations on other members’ repayment decisions. Exploiting a rich data set of a microfinance program in India, our estimation results suggest that the likelihood of a member making a full repayment would be 15 percent higher on average if all the other follow members make full repayment compared to the case where none of the other members repay in full. We also find that large inconsistencies exist in the estimated effects of other variables in models that do not incorporate peer effects and control...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Peer effects; Group lending; Joint liability; Self-help groups in India; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49497

Mama Lus Frut scheme: an assessment of poverty reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Warner,   Robert; Bauer,   Marcia.
The Mama Lus Frut scheme was established to increase the productivity of smallholder palm-oil plantations in Papua New Guinea. ACIAR project ASEM/1999/084, ‘Improving Productivity of the Smallholder Oil Palm Sector in Papua New Guinea: a Study of Biophysical and Socioeconomic Interactions’, included an assessment of the impact of the Mama Lus Frut scheme. The ACIAR project was also involved in refining and extending the scheme both geographically and demographically, including extending it from women family members to the community at large. This report describes the effect of the scheme (and therefore indirectly the effect of the ACIAR project) on reducing poverty for smallholder oil-palm producers. It draws upon information from a socioeconomic study of...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Papua New Guinea; PNG; Australia; Oilpalm; Palm-oil; Smallholder; Productivity; Impact; Returns; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47698

Examining Students’ Perceptions of Globalization and Study Abroad Programs at HBCUs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Walker,   Stevon; Bukenya,   James O.; Thomas,   Terrence.
The objective in this paper is to explore students’ perceptions of globalization and study abroad programs at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). Recent statistics reveal that in spite of the current growth in the number of US students receiving academic credit for their overseas academic experience, less than one percent of undergraduate minority students participate in a study abroad program during their degree program. The analysis is based on survey questionnaires administered to 263 undergraduate minority students at Alabama A&amp;M University. The questionnaire contained questions related to respondents’ demographic characteristics and likert-scale questions pertaining to students’ perceptions of globalization and studying abroad...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Globalization; Study Abroad Programs; Logistic Regression; Factor Analysis; Survey Data; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56481

Environment in Three Classes of Endogenous Growth Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elbasha,   Elamin H.; Roe,   Terry L.
The implications of environmental externalities are studied within three classes of endogenous growth models viz. the linear technology models, the human capital models, and the R&amp;D and innovation models. The long-run rate of economic growth changes when environmental extemalities are introduced; the direction of change depends on the severity of extemalities and the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. The presence of environmental externalities cause the decentralized growth rate to diverge from the efficient rate. Which rate is bigger than the other depends, among other things, on the valuation of consumption relative to environmental quality. Several policy changes to align the two paths are discussed. The models are calibrated to U.S. data.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7474

A COMPARISON OF ANNUAL, QUARTERLY AND MONTHLY TURKEY EXPORT MODELS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Colyer,   Dale.
Structural time series models of turkey exports were estimated using monthly, quarterly and annual data.  The trend is statistically significant in all three models, seasonals are significant in the quarterly and monthly models.  Exchange rates, lagged prices, and lagged production were explanatory factors in the monthly model; exchange rates and prices in the quarterly model; but only the exchange rates in the annual model.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Turkey exports; International trade; Structural time series; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19106

THE IMPACT OF PROGRESA ON CONSUMPTION: A FINAL REPORT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoddinott,   John; Skoufias,   Emmanuel; Washburn,   Ryan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16023

Partial Factor Productivity, Agronomic Efficiency, and Economic Analyses of Maize in Wheat-Maize Cropping System in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amanullah; Almas,   Lal K.
Getting maximum benefits from cereals do not lie in reducing N-rate and its number of splits but lowering cost per unit cereal production through higher yields. Field experiments were conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) at the New Developmental research Farm of NWFP (Northwest Frontier Province) Agricultural University Peshawar-Pakistan during 2002-03 and 2003-04 in order to investigate effects of variable rates of N and its time of application on the partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), net returns (NR), value-cost ratio (VCR) and marginal returns (MR). The 2 x 3 x 6 factorial experiment was designed having two plant densities (D1 = 60,000 and D2 = 100,000 plants ha-1) and three N levels (N1 = 60, N2 = 120 and N3 = 180 kg N ha-1)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Zea mays L.; Planting density; Nitrogen; Agronomic efficiency; Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46747

Outward-Orientation and Development: Are Revisionists Right?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Srinivasan,   T.N.; Bhagwati,   Jagdish.
The costs of import substitution (IS) as a strategy for industrialization, which was deemed synonymous with economic development by many development economists of the fifties and sixties, were shown to be substantial in the influential and nuanced studies of the seventies and eighties under the auspices of OECD, NBER and World Bank. These studies played a critical role in shifting policies in several developing countries away from the IS strategy. Recently there has been a proliferation of cross country regressions as a methodology of analysis of issues relating to growth, trade and other issues. Both proponents (e.g. Sachs and Warner (1995)) and opponents (Rodriguez and Rodrik (1999)) of the view that openness to trade is linked to higher growth have...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Developing countries; Economic development; Economic growth; International trade; Openness; Import substitution; Export promotion; Cross-country regressions; International Development; E13; F11; F14; F43; 041; 057.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28476

Trade Liberalization and Complementary Domestic Policies: A Rural-Urban General Equilibrium Analysis of Morocco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; El-Said,   Moataz; Robinson,   Sherman.
"April 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 24-26).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization -- Econometric models; Morocco; Tariff -- Mathematical models; Agricultural trade; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97540

Trends in the Production, Trade, and Consumption of Food-Legume Crops in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akibode,   Comlanvi Sitou.
Food legumes in Sub-Saharan Africa play a vital role by being a source of livelihood for millions of people; and offer tremendous potential to contribute to the alleviation of malnutrition among resource-poor farmers. They contribute to the sustainability of cropping systems and soil fertility. Cowpea and dry beans are the two main food legume crops grown in Sub-Saharan Africa. Area harvested under all food legumes was more than 20 million ha in 2006-08, representing 28% of the global food legume area harvested. Yields are low compared to other developing and developed countries; however they have increased at an annual rate of 1.6% with an increase in production of 3.9% per year. The region has stayed a net importer over the period. Price has increased 5%...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security; Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114247

Deep roots in culture, shallow roots in nature:  Identifying sustainable bamboo management challenges for China and the implications for multidisciplinary research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Buckingham,   Kathleen.
The Chinese government is moving towards market mechanisms to promote environmental sustainability. The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is a globally recognised label gaining ground within Non Timber Forest Product markets (NTFP). Standardization and replicability have become essential in order to make the local manageable.  The FSC has been described as a ‘boundary object’, creating new governance networks outside the authority of government, creating or adapting verification practices to ‘join together heterogeneous resources.’   The bamboo sector is one of the fastest growing forest land uses in China. Intensification of management has led to biodiversity loss, erosion and depletion of soil nutrients. Bamboo is rooted deeply in Chinese culture, through...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bamboo management; Certification; Market mechanisms; Clientelism; Conservation; Standardisation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51468

Japanese Beef Policy and GATT Negotiations: An Analysis of Reducing Assistance to Beef Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wahl,   Thomas I.; Hayes,   Dermot J.; Williams,   Gary W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51242

BRIDGING RESEARCH, POLICY, AND PRACTICE IN AFRICAN AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Omamo,   Steven Were.
Policy research on African agriculture is long on prescriptions on what needs to be done to reverse negative growth trends but short on how such prescriptions might be implemented in practice.  This paper addresses this state of affairs, focusing on the role and impact of research in agricultural policy processes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20028

UNTERSUCHUNG DER PRÄFERENZEN RUSSISCHER FACHBESUCHER FÜR AUSGEWÄHLTE MESSELEISTUNGEN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moser,   Nataliya.
This paper presents an analysis of preferences of Russian trade visitors for selected exhibit attributes. We used Choice Based Conjoint Analysis to establish realistic measurement of choice tasks and hence to determine respondents behaviour. By conducting latent class analysis we extracted two segments of Russian trade visitors with different preferences for price, web presence, business program, presentations and visitor-service.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Preference Analysis; Choice Based Conjoint Analysis; Benefit segmentation; Russian exhibition; Präferenzanalyse; Choice-Based Conjoint Analyse; Benefitsegmentierung; Russische Messe.; Agribusiness; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91768

Structural Change And Economic Convergence Across The Eu-15 Regions: Can The Agricultural Sector Play a Role?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sassi,   Maria.
Economic and agricultural convergence across the EU regions has for a long time attracted the attention of economists and more so in the recent decade following the EU enlargement. Empirical contributions have referred explicitly or implicitly to the Solow’s model of economic growth testing absolute and conditional b-convergence. The recent literature suggests that the prevailing neoclassical and sectoral approach is not suitable to face the implication of structural change on economic convergence whose understanding is key within the current process of significant marginalization of agriculture and partly of industry in favour of the service sector. In this context the aim of the paper is the understanding the size and evolution of this change, the way in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7961

OECD DOMESTIC SUPPORT AND THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dimaranan,   Betina V.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Keeney,   Roman.
This paper aims to shed light on the potential interests of developing countries in reforms to domestic support for agriculture in the OECD economies. In order to accomplish this goal, we begin by reviewing the literature on the impacts of domestic support on key variables, including farm income, in the OECD economies themselves. We then proceed to revise the standard GTAP model of global trade, based on recent work at the OECD, in order to permit it to better capture these impacts. A series of stylized simulations are subsequently offered to illustrate the differential impacts of alternative types of domestic support. These suggest the possibility of policy re-instrumentation, whereby farm income is stabilized in the face of cuts to overall support levels...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28689

Impact Assessment of Bt Corn Adoption in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mutuc,   Maria Erlinda M.; Rejesus,   Roderick M.; Pan,   Suwen; Yorobe,   Jose M., Jr.
This article examines the impact of Bt corn adoption in the Philippines using an econometric approach that addresses simultaneity, selection, and censoring problems. Although previous literature emphasizes the importance of simultaneity and selection problems, this is the first study that addresses the issue of censoring in estimating the effects of Bt corn adoption at the farm in a developing country context. We show that Bt corn adoption provides modest but statistically significant increases in farm yields and profits. Furthermore, our results provide some evidence of inference errors that can potentially arise when censoring in the pesticide application variable is ignored in the estimation procedures.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Bt; Censoring; Corn; Farm level impacts; Genetically modified crops; Pesticide use; Technology adoption; International Development; Production Economics; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120452

SOCIOPOLITICAL EFFECTS OF NEW BIOTECHNOLOGIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leisinger,   Klaus M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16323

Economic benefits to Papua New Guinea and Australia from the biological control of banana skipper (Erionota thrax)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Waterhouse,   Doug F.; Dillon,   Birribi; Vincent,   David P.
Larvae of the butterfly Erionota thrax, the banana skipper, destroy the leaves of bananas by eating them and forming massive protective rolls of leaf tissue. They were first observed in north-western Papua New Guinea in 1983 and over the next 6 years spread throughout the mainland at the rate of up to 500 km/year.  E. thrax has also spread across the ocean to the east, to invade New Britain, Duke of York and New Ireland islands, and possibly Bougainville.  As the banana skipper spread, it destroyed an average of some 60% of banana leaves, leading to both a serious delay in fruit maturation and reduced weight of banana bunches. Previous successful biological control of E. thrax when it invaded Mauritius, Hawaii, Guam and Saipan encouraged Papua New Guinea...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Erionota thrax; Banana skipper; Moth; Larvae; Benefit-cost ratio; Net present value; Banana; Papua New Guinea; PNG; Australia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47653

CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL CARTELS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: ECONOMIC EFFECTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR COMPETITION POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levenstein,   Margaret; Suslow,   Valerie Y.; Oswald,   Lynda J.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14590

Developing Country impacts - Evaluating case studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuiper,   Marijke H.; Keita,   M.S.; Barbier,   Bruno.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9290

The Potential of Cacao Agribusiness for Poverty Alleviation in West Sumatra
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hasnah; Fleming,   Euan M.; Villano,   Renato A.; Patrick,   Ian.
The cacao industry has played an important role in terms of export earnings and employment opportunities in Indonesia since 1980s. It is the main source of income for more than one million smallholder farmers in Indonesia, who are considered poor. Most planted areas of cacao are in Eastern Indonesia; however, cacao production has developed in Western Indonesia recently, with West Sumatra designated as the area of central production. Due to the importance of cacao industry in the Indonesian economy, there is a big opportunity to explore the potential of the industry in poverty alleviation. The study uses the participatory impact pathway analysis (PIPA) method. It is a new approach to formulate a development strategy and policies proposed by the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness economics and management; International development; Farm management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100555

Would Freeing Up World Trade Reduce Poverty and Inequality? The Vexed Role of Agricultural Distortions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Kym; Cockburn,   John; Martin,   William J.
Trade policy reforms in recent decades have sharply reduced the distortions that were harming agriculture in developing countries, yet global trade in farm products continues to be far more distorted than trade in nonfarm goods. Those distortions reduce some forms of poverty and inequality but worsen others, so the net effects are unclear without empirical modeling. This paper summarizes a series of new economy-wide global and national empirical studies that focus on the net effects of the remaining distortions to world merchandise trade on poverty and inequality globally and in various developing countries. The global LINKAGE model results suggest that removing those remaining distortions would reduce international inequality, largely by boosting net farm...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Income inequality; Price distortions; Farm trade policy; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58880

Correlation between Access to Capitals and Income in the Bolivian Altiplano
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jensen,   Nathan; Valdivia,   Corinne.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livelihoods; Altiplano; Capitals; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61517

Economic Growth, Comparative Advantage, and Gender Differences in Schooling Outcomes: Evidence from the Birthweight Differences of Chinese Twins
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosenzweig,   Mark R.; Zhang,   Junsen.
Data from two surveys of twins in China are used to contribute to an improved  understanding of the role of economic development in affecting gender differences in the trends in, levels of, and returns to schooling observed in China and in many developing countries in recent decades. In particular, we explore the hypothesis that these phenomena reflect differences in comparative advantage with respect to skill and brawn between men and women in the context of changes in incomes, returns to skill, and/or nutritional improvements that are the result of economic development and growth.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Schooling; Gender; Twins; China; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis; J24; J16; I15; I25; O15.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121672

Local Communities in front of Big External Investors: An Opportunity or a Risk?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Antoci,   Angelo; Russu,   Paolo; Ticci,   Elisa.
In the current age of trade and financial openness, local economies in developing countries are becoming increasingly exposed to external investments. The objective of the proposed two-sector model with environmental externalities is to provide an insight into the interaction between external investors and local communities with a focus upon the different strategies and income sources available to each category. In this context, analysis suggests that environmental regulations and incentives offered in order to attract external capital investment (whether foreign or national) may have an un-uniform impact on the two typologies of actors.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Foreign Direct Investments; Environmental Negative Externalities; Structural Changes; Poverty Alleviation; International Development; F21; F43; D62; O11; O13; O15; O41; Q20.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98093

Sustainable Energy Crop Production: A Case Study for Sugarcane and Cassava Production in Yunnan, China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Yu; Ni,   Jianhong; Zhang,   Sizhu.
The possibility of using biomass as a source of energy in reducing the greenhouse-effect imposed by carbon dioxide emission and relieving energy crisis is a matter of great interest, such as bioethanol production. Nevertheless, the cultivation of dedicated energy crops dose meet with some criticisms (conflict with food security and environmental degradation, for example). Nowadays sugarcane and cassava are regarded as the potential energy crops for bioethanol production. Endowed with natural resources and favorable weather condition, Yunnan province, China, is the major sugarcane and cassava production area in China. This paper presents production structures of these two crops in Yunnan and compares the sustainable production between the usages of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics; Energy crop; Stochastic frontier production; Sustainable production; Yunnan province; Bioethanol.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100737

TECHNOLOGICAL SPILLOVERS -- THE ARGUMENT FOR TRADE?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Czap,   Hans J.
This paper examines the validity of anti-trade arguments that are based on the absence of technological spillovers. Results of a pooled cross-section time-series analysis for developing countries fail to support the existence of technological spillovers. Findings of learning-by-doing effects indicate that protectionism might be beneficial under certain circumstances.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Development; International trade; Technological spillovers; Protectionism; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20017

Agriculture and the new industrial revolution in Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.; DeRosa,   Dean A.
"September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 17-19). Published, in 1998, in Richard Hooley and Zainal-Abidin Mahani, eds. The new industrial revolution in Asian economies, Vol. 8, pp. 317-333.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrialization; Agricultural development; Rural development -- Asia; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97764

Effects of Macronutrients on Seed Quality and Profitability Analysis of Sunflower Production in Northwest Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amanullah; Khan,   Mir Wali; Almas,   Lal K.; Stewart,   Bob A.
Potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) application to sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) reduced cost of production, increased seed oil and protein concentration, yield and net returns on the K and P deficient soils in Northwest Pakistan. Field experiment was conducted at the New Developmental Research Farm of NWFP (North West Frontier Province) Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan during summer 2006. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements using three replications. Six levels of K (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1) were kept in main plots while four levels of P (0, 45, 90 and 135 kg ha-1) were kept in sub-plots. Increase in K and P levels enhanced seed oil concentration, on the other hand, increase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sunflower; Potassium; Phosphorus; Oil; Protein; Economic analysis; Northwest Pakistan; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56437

Using a Modified Payment Card Survey on Chinese Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Fair Trade Coffee: Would the Starting Point Matter
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Shang-Ho; Hu,   Wuyang.
Coffee consumption in China is increasing rapidly over the recent years. This study offers one of the few initial attempts to not only understand general consumption behavior associated with Chinese coffee, but to explore the viability of niche markets for coffee with the credence attribute “fair trade”. A modified payment card approach was adopted as the consumer willingness to pay elicitation method. Survey results of 564 consumers from the city of Wuhan, China suggest a positive attitude toward coffee as an alternative drink and a willingness to pay a premium for “fair trade” coffee. This study also explores and describes the potential impact of starting point bias, which has been relatively well documented in the dichotomous choice literature but has...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coffee; Fair trade; Payment card; Starting point bias; Willingness to pay; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D12; Q13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103720

ECONOMIC DISTANCE, SPILLOVERS, AND CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conley,   Timothy G.; Ligon,   Ethan.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25037

CLIMATE CHANGE, AGRICULTURE, AND DEVELOPING ECONOMIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winters,   Paul C.; Murgai,   Rinku; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; de Janvry,   Alain.
The impact of global climate change on the less developed countries is analyzed using archetype CGE-multimarket models for three economies representing the poor cereal importing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin America.  The objective is to predict the differential impact of climate change across continents on macroeconomic variables, sectoral responses, and household income and food consumption effects, particularly among the poorest.  Results show that all these countries will lose and that their agricultural outputs will fall, but that Africa will be by far the most severely affected.  Countervailing policies to mitigate negative effects should focus on the production of food crops in Africa and of export crops in Latin America and Asia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25079

GROWTH, INEQUALITY, AND POVERTY  IN RURAL CHINA: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC INVESTMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fan,   Shenggen; Zhang,   Linxiu; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
In the past two decades, China has achieved world renown for reducing rural poverty. However, it is becoming harder to reduce poverty and inequality further in China, even though its economy continues to grow. This report compares the impact specific rural public investments can have on promoting growth and reducing poverty and inequality. Returns to these investments are calculated for the nation as a whole and for three economic zones in the west, central, and coastal regions of the country. Government expenditures that have the highest impact on poverty and growth include education, agricultural research and development, and rural infrastructure (roads, electricity, and telecommunications). Notably, spending on irrigation and anti-poverty loans had...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16523

Abstracts of Selected Papers, NAREA Annual Meetings, Burlington, Vermont, June 7-10, 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55550

Remittances and economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Impact of the human capital development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garcia-Fuentes,   Pablo A.; Kennedy,   P. Lynn.
Remittances are one source of external financing for developing countries that have been increasing in both size and importance as of late. However, the issue about the impact on economic growth from remittances is still opened for discussion. This paper adds to this discussion by investigating the impact of remittances on growth through human capital using a panel data analysis for a sample of 14 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries during the period 1975-2000. The results indicate that remittances have a positive impact on economic growth in the representative countries from the LAC region; however, the realization of this impact holds only when the remittance receiving country has a minimum threshold of human capital stock.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Remittances; Human Capital; Growth; Latin America and the Caribbean; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46751

Staple food prices in Malawi
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malawi; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58558

Table of contents
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120454

PAGANDO PELOS SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS Uma proposta para a Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maciel,   Raimundo Claudio Gomes; Sales,   Gardenia De Oliveira; Costa,   Jeisa Aciole Da.
Sabe-se que o processo de ocupação econômica, pós-1970, foi extremamente prejudicial ao meio ambiente e às populações tradicionais da região Amazônica, persistindo ainda hoje as imensas dificuldades de reprodução das famílias no interior da floresta. Um dos principais desafios na busca de um Desenvolvimento Sustentável é a viabilização do desempenho econômico das unidades produtivas, a partir dos produtos florestais não madeireiros (PFNM), e, conseqüentemente, da reprodução social dessa população. Objetiva-se no presente estudo propor uma alternativa factível de pagamento pelos serviços ambientais (PSA) promovidos pelas comunidades extrativistas, há mais de um século. Para tanto, busca-se, inicialmente, realizar uma avaliação sócio-econômica da produção...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Reserva Extrativista (RESEX); Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Produção Familiar Rural; Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA); Extractives Reserves (RESEX); Sustainable Development; Rural Family Production; Payment for the Environmental Services (PSA); International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109450

The Impact of Group-Based Credit on Demand for Productive Inputs and Agricultural Productivity in Rural Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mghenyi,   Elliot W.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural credit; Joint liability; Productive inputs; Productivity; Agricultural Finance; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; D24; Q14; R34.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49470

Welternährung: Qualität und Quantität!
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98118

The Latest Wave of Regionalism: Does Outsider Status Affect the Competitiveness of U.S. and Canadian Agricultural Exports?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Grant,   Jason H.
The degree to which countries are pursuing regional trade agreements (RTAs) has been nothing short of extraordinary. The latest wave of regional integration, however, is “breeding concern” among academics and policymakers as to the extra‐regional effects of these agreements and their impact on North American agricultural exporters who are party to relatively few RTAs in world trade. This study constructs and uses an updated database of agricultural trade flows from 1992‐2008 to shed light on the degree to which outsiders status affects U.S. and Canadian agricultural exports and its competing suppliers. Regarding outsider status, the existing dummy‐variable approach is modified by incorporating region‐specific extra‐bloc trade flow variables to examine the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Regionalism; WTO; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90888

Organization and Performance of Agricultural Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Helmberger,   Peter G.; Campbell,   Gerald R.; Dobson,   William D.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95735

Productivity growth and the effects of R&amp;D in African agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alene,   Arega D.
This paper measures and compares total factor productivity growth in African agriculture under contemporaneous and sequential technology frontiers over the period 1970–2004. The paper further investigates the sources of agricultural productivity growth using a fixed-effects regression model and a second-degree polynomial distributed lag structure for agricultural research. The conventional estimates show an average productivity growth rate of only 0.3% per year over the period 1970–2004. In contrast to conventional measures, however, the improved measures under sequential technology show that agricultural productivity grew at a higher rate of 1.8% per year. Technical progress, rather than efficiency change, was the principal source of productivity growth....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity growth; Sequential technology; R&amp;D; Africa; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51436

Economists in the Development Process: Roles and Responsibilities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schuh,   G. Edward.
Economists who address economic development problems are in a position to contribute a great deal to reduce the disequilibria cited, to bring about a more efficient allocation of the world's resources, and to improve equity in the distribution of income on a global scale.  Moreover, as will be explained below, I believe the American Agricultural Economic Association should do a great deal more to help the members of our profession to become more effectively involved in these important tasks.  The remainder of my remarks is divided into three parts. The first section provides an analytical framework that can be used to address development problems in the international economy. In the second part contains a description of some of the opportunities available...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19301

Gender, Agricultural Commercialization, and Collective Action in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Elisabeth; Qaim,   Matin.
With the commercialization of agriculture, women are increasingly disadvantaged because of persistent gender-disparities in access to productive resources. Farmer collective action that intends to improve smallholder access to markets and technology could potentially accelerate this trend. Here, we use survey data of small-scale banana producers in Kenya to investigate the gender implications of recently established farmer groups. Traditionally, banana has been a women’s crop in Kenya. Our results confirm that the groups contribute to increasing male control over banana. While male control over banana revenues does not affect household food security, it has a negative marginal effect on dietary quality. We demonstrate that the negative gender implications...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender; Collective action; Market access; Agricultural technology; Household food security and nutrition; Kenya; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D71; J16; O12; O13; O31; Q13.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121229

Pigeonpea improvement
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ryan,   James G.
This study was commissioned by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) to evaluate the economic impact of two projects (8201 and 8567) for which ACIAR provided support from 1982–89. These projects were aimed at the improvement of the grain yield potential of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) using modern plant breeding, along with associated physiological, agronomic, processing and socioeconomic research. The commissioned organisation in Australia was the University of Queensland. The partners were: Fiji (Ministry of Primary Industries, Native Land Development Corporation); Indonesia (Central Research Institute for Food Crops, Agency for Agricultural Research and Development); India (Indian Council for Agricultural Research,...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Pigeonpea; ACIAR; Economic impact; Yield; Plant breeding; Fiji; Indonesia; India; Thailand; Australia; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47498

The Evolving Role of CIMMYT: Some Issues for World Food and Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Winkleman,   Don.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50666

Performance Analysis of Production and Trade of Indian Silk under WTO Regime
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Umesh,   Kotrakerebasegowda; Akshara,   Mutuguppe; Shripad,   Bhat; Harishkumar,   K.; Srinivasan,   S.M.
India is the second largest producer of silk and also the largest consumer of silk in the world having a strong tradition bound domestic market. In this paper, growth functions were estimated for India’s aggregate production and trade parameters using annual data from 1984/85 to 2006/07. To know the temporal price efficiency between the World (China) and Domestic market (India) the co-integration test was done for the period from 1991/92 to 2004/05. The performance analysis was done considering both mulberry and non-mulberry silk sectors at all India level for two sub-periods (Pre-WTO; 1984-85 to 1994-95 and Post-WTO; 1995-96 to 2006-07). The overall growth in production of cocoon and raw silk in India exhibited a decreasing trend with moderate...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mulberry; Co-integration; Instability index; Nominal protection coefficient; WTO; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50788

Development domains for Ethiopia: capturing the geographical context of smallholder development options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chamberlin,   Jordan; Pender,   John L.; Yu,   Bingxin.
The choices that smallholder farmers are able to make are strongly conditioned by the geographic conditions in which they live. The importance of this fact for rural development strategy is not lost on policy makers. For example, the government of Ethiopia frequently frames policy discussions by broadly different geographical conditions of moisture availability, recognizing moisture reliable, drought prone and pastoralist areas. These conditions are seen as important criteria for determining the nature, extent and priority of development interventions for different parts of the country. There is considerable evidence, however, that other geographical factors also have important implications for rural development options. This paper uses agroecology, access...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Small farmers; Geographic conditions; Rural development strategies; Development policy; Agro-ecology; Market access; Livelihoods; Population density; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55410

Staple Food Trade in the COMESA Region: The Need for a Regional Approach to Stimulate Agricultural Growth and Enhance Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nijhoff,   Jan J.
COMMON MARKET FOR EASTERN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA Twenty Fourth Meeting of the Trade and Customs Committee Nairobi, Kenya 2-4 November, 2009
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Grain; Trade; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q18; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62227

Diversity of Communities and Economic Development: An Overview
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
This paper reviews the literature on the impact of ethnic diversity on economic development. Ethnically polarized societies are less likely to agree on the provision of public goods and more likely to engage in rent seeking activities  providing lower levels of social capital. Initial conditions are important determinants of adverse development outcomes.  The role of decentralization, democracy and markets as potential remedies are discussed.  The paper then presents a number of preliminary hypotheses on the relationship between diversity and instability in order to stimulate future research.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Diversity; Economic Growth; Instability; International Development; O11; O40; O43; O55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54531

A mosaic type of development - the Agri-food Districts experience in Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brasili,   Cristina; Fanfani,   Roberto.
The Italian Industrial Districts (IDs) are now considered in the national and international literature as one of the main factors of the successful and rapid industrial development of Italy after the Second World War. In this paper we outline the general characteristics of the IDs approach and then the distinctive figures of the agrifood districts. A mosaic type of development characterised the geographical distribution of the different agrifood districts in the Italian experience. The different origins of agrifood districts often determines their production and structural characteristics of firms, with a relevant role of SMEs. In many cases, these districts originated from handcraft traditions and specific local demand. Their specialized production is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-Food Districts; Italian Industrial Districts (IDs); Technical efficiency of a panel of firms; Economic Development; International Development; A1; C23; O1; Q10; Q17.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9404

Managing Sustainable Agricultural Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Stanley R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18367

OVERCOMING CHILD NUTRITION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: PAST ACHIEVEMENTS AND FUTURE CHOICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16373

POVERTY-FOCUSED SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRICES FOR TANZANIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thurlow,   James; Wobst,   Peter.
The development of effective and sustainable economic policies for Tanzania requires access to appropriate databases. One such database is a social accounting matrix (SAM) that details the structure of the entire economy, taking into account the patterns of production and demand, and various institutional relationships. Prior to this study the most recent SAM for mainland Tanzania was for 1992 and was based on past household budget and labor force surveys. Following the release of newer versions of these two surveys as well as a new input-output table for 1992, it is desirable to construct a new SAM for the country. Furthermore, given that Tanzania is committed to reducing national poverty, it is necessary that this new SAM is able to address questions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16262

ESTIMATIVA DA CURVA DE KUZNETS AMBIENTAL PARA A AMAZÔNIA LEGAL.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Santos,   Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; Diniz,   Marcelo Bentes; Diniz,   Marcia Juca Teixeira; Rivero,   Sergio Luiz De Medeiros; Oliveira Junior,   Jose Nilo de.
O presente trabalho investigou a hipótese da Curva Ambiental de Kuznets – CAK, diante da controvérsia que existe na atual literatura entre o crescimento econômico e impactos ambientais. A principal contribuição do artigo é apresentar um estudo de caso voltado para uma das regiões mais importantes no debate ambiental que é a Amazônia Legal. A questão em si, que não está determinada teoricamente, e apresenta diversos resultados empíricos contraditórios, incorpora a idéia de verificar se o crescimento econômico gera algum tipo de proteção automática ao meio ambiente, e até ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Com isso, o presente trabalho procura contribuir para esse debate, trazendo evidências empíricas inéditas a âmbito regional. Utilizando como variável...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Meio Ambiente; Hipótese de Kuznets; Amazônia; Crescimento Econômico; Environment; Kuznets Hypothesis; Amazon; Economic Growth; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113968

The Dairy Sector of Poland : A Country Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.; Bishop,   J. Russell; Dobson,   William D.; Frank,   Gary G.; Sznajder,   Michal.
In the second edition of the Babcock series of in depth analysis of the dairy industry of one country, Poland was selected because it is the largest dairy producer of the ten countries admitted into the European Union in 2004.  The dairy industry in Poland has been restructuring since the 1990s and the breakup of the Soviet Union.  This study includes information on the political economy of Poland, descriptions of dairy farms and processing sectors, and assessment of the strategic behavior of major dairy firms in Poland.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Polish Diary Industry; Poland Political Economy; Polish Diary Farms; Polish Dairy Processing; Farm Management; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37465

Global Cotton Baseline 2009/10 - 2019/20
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hudson,   Darren; Pan,   Suwen; Mutuc,   Maria Erlinda M.; Yates,   Samantha; Ethridge,   Don E.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94188

Database Management and Analytical Techniques for Agricultural Planning: A Course Manual
Provedor de dados: 31
Foreword, Introduction, Integrated Database Management for Agricultural Planning and Research, by J.W.T. Bottema; Introduction to Relational Database Management Systems, by Gary Timoshenko; Access Relational Database Management System, by Terry van Druemel, Hasrat Madiadipura, Muhamad Arif and Gary Timoshenko; Geographic Information Systems: An Overview, by Mohammad A.T. Chowdhury; Geographical Information Systems: MapInfo, by Muhamad Arif, Siemon Hollema and Mohammad Chowdhury; Sets: An Approach to Decision-Making and Conceptualization, by J.W.T. Bottema and Mohammad A.T Chowdhury; Introduction to Spreadsheets, Gary Timoshenko; Elementary Statistical Methods for Agricultural Research, by Siemon Hollema; Linear Programming and Multiple Goal Linear...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Databases; Information services; Analytical methods; Planning; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32732

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE REVITALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION OF AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   L. Harlan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Caribbean Agricultural Development; Agricultural Modernization; International Development.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44548

Studies of Land and Agricultural Problems in Taiwan: An Annotated Bibliography
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chen,   Tze-Wei.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121353

When Government Spending Serves the Elites: Consequences for Economic Growth in a Context of Market Imperfections
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.; Islam,   Asif M.
Government spending should be regarded as a social and political phenomenon, not merely as a technical choice. We argue that there is an implicit contract between the organized elites and politicians which often leads to a pro-elite allocation of public resources. A natural and simple taxonomy of government spending follows from this view: spending in public goods broadly defined which mitigate market failures versus spending in non-social subsidies, mainly a vehicle to serve the elites. We theoretically and empirically show that pro-elite spending biases are costly in terms of economic growth. The empirical findings are exceptionally robust.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Government spending; Economic growth; Market imperfections; Investment; Subsidies; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Public Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45875

Structural Adjustment and Trade in Turkey: A General Equilibrium Analysis of the Export-Led Versus Domestic Demand-Led Strategies of Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yeldan,   A. Erinc.
This paper attempts to assess the feasibility of the current strategy of manufactured export-led growth for Turkey over the Fifth and Sixth Five-Year Plan periods (1985-1994). The explicit hypothesis of the paper is that a domestic market, wage-goods oriented development strategy with agriculture leading the process will be more conducive to Turkey's long-term economic growth, as compared to an export-oriented strategy. The simulation experiments are conducted with the aid of a dynamic micro-planning model which belongs to a class of price-endogenous constructs known as Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models. The model as applied to Turkey distinguishes seven economic sectors, four types of labor, three consumer groups, seven social classes, and a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7464

Violence, Political Instability, and International Trade: Evidence from Kenya’s Cut Flower Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muhammad,   Andrew; D'Souza,   Anna; Amponsah,   William A.
Abstract:  We assess whether and how violence and political instability affect trade between developed and developing countries considering the special case of EU imports of Kenyan roses after the 2007/08 post-election violence and political instability in Kenya. Using the Rotterdam model to estimate EU demand for roses from Kenya and other global competitors, we find evidence of a structural change in the import growth rate for Kenya, approximately equivalent to an 18.6% tariff. These results highlight the importance of non-tariff barriers to trade and contribute to the growing literature on the role of insecurity and instability in hindering international trade.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Africa; EU; Election violence; Cut flowers; Roses; Imports; International trade; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; F14; F23; F59; O13; Q17.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118374

Development of Agricultural Market and Trade Policies in the CEE Candidate Countries.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sepp,   Mati; Gorton,   Matthew; Miglavs,   Andris; Kazlauskiene,   Natalija; Meyers,   William H.; Guba,   Waldemar; Ratinger,   Tomas; Safin,   Marius; Simon,   Françoise; Bozik,   Marian; Michalek,   Jerzy; Banse,   Martin; Ferenczi,   Tibor; Bojnec,   Stefan; Turk,   Jernej; Dalton,   Graham E.; Turtoi,   Crina Sinziana; Vincze,   Maria-Magdolna; Davidova,   Sophia; Ivanova,   Nedka Momtscheva; Mishev,   Plamen Dimitrov; Abele,   Steffen; Frohberg,   Klaus; Hartmann,   Monika; Matthews,   Alan; Weingarten,   Peter.
This synthesis report focuses on the evolution of agricultural market and trade policies in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) candidate countries in the period 1997 to 2001. The developments were crucially influenced by (OECD, 2000a): • the situation in world agricultural markets; • the overall macroeconomic development in the countries considered; • the prospective EU accession; • bringing domestic agricultural policy in line with the Uruguay Agreement on Agriculture (URAA). High 1997 agricultural prices on world commodity markets were followed by a marked depression in 1998. With the exemption of milk products this trend continued in 1999. Likewise the economic and financial crisis in Russia had a considerable impact on agricultural policies. It hit...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93083

FOREIGN TRADE, MARKETING SERVICES AND THE TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A DEVELOPING ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roe,   Terry L.; Shane,   Mathew.
This study focuses on the relationships between export performance, marketing services and technological differences between industries in Malaysia. The maintained hypothesis of this study is that performance of marketing services is a crucial determinant to successful penetration of the export market by developing economies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13656

Staple food prices in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven; Dewina,   Reno.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58553

Início Antecipado da Campanha de Comercialização de Milho, Feijões e Mandioca: Preços Altos Caracterizam a Campanha de Comercialização de 2007/08
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Equipe Tecnica do SIMA.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Agriculture; Africa; Food security; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53454

OFFSHORE OUTSOURCING (OO) IN INDIA’S ITES: HOW EFFECTIVE IT IS IN DATA PROTECTION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bharti,   Nalin.
In the last few years India has become one of the leading offshore outsourcing (OO) centers in the area of ITES. This paper deals with the main problem of data protection in offshore outsourcing centers with special emphasis on the steps by the government of India to enable India’s great business.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Information technology; Data protection low; Market changes of information; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43323

Commodity prices, structural constraints and food price shocks in Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conforti,   Piero; Sarris,   Alexander H.
This paper explores the impact of the recent soar in world commodity prices on economic activity and household welfare in Tanzania, and the possible policy responses to that shock. The analysis is based on a single country computable general equilibrium model that includes considerable factor market and household details, as well as marketing margins between producers, consumers and foreign markets. Results indicate that the Tanzanian economy may fail to benefit from the opportunities arising from the increase in world agricultural prices, as this would imply a considerable reduction in most production activities, but the few that are directly export oriented. Policies can counteract only to a limited extent these negative impacts. Tariff and domestic tax...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food price soar; General equilibrium policy analysis; Tanzania; Structural constraints; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51905

MARKETING IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delins,   Everton R.
The increase of the rate of growth in the underdeveloped areas of the world bears today outstanding interest for both developed and underdeveloped nations.  For developed societies, if only for an interest in the maintenance abroad of a leadership position, there are the needs for protection of the national investments overseas, for assurance of raw materials that may be needed, or for reflecting the increasing concern with development underway among underdeveloped nations.  In the underdeveloped countries in general, where today about two thirds of the world population live, there is a widespread awareness that their economies are not keeping pace with the more developed nations, a great desire to speed up the growth of the various sectors of the national...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11260

The Role of Income Growth in Emerging Markets and the BRICs in Agrifood Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haq,   Zahoor Ul; Meilke,   Karl D.
This study develops an import demand model to explore the role of income in explaining the trade performance of low, middle and high-income countries with a special emphasis on Brazil, Russia, India and China – the BRIC economies. The study estimates the impact of the growth in per capita income on the trade of agrifood products using data for 52 countries and 20 agrifood products for the years 1990 to 2006. The results suggest that China, Russia and Brazil have more income elastic import demand than other middle-income countries. Conversely, the income elasticities of import demand in India are similar to other low-income countries and for the most part statistically equal to zero.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Emerging economies; BRIC economies; Food trade; Income elasticities; Economic growth; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48122

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 5, Issue 1
Provedor de dados: 31
Table of Contents: (1) Baboola, Ashfaqul, Michael Reed, Sayed Saghaian, and Vijay Subramaniam: "Food Safety Standards and Export Competitiveness in the Processed Food Industries of Asia-pacific Countries, pp. 1-10;  (2) Nalley, Lawton Lanier, Andrew P. Barkley, John M. Crespi, and Ken D. Sayre: "The Global Impact of the CIMMYT Wheat Breeding Program," pp. 11-30; (3) Kim, Hanho, Munisamy Gopinath, and Jae-Kyung Kim: "Competition Between China and the United States in the Korean Food Market," pp. 31-50; (4) Rahman, Sanzidur: "The Economic Determinants of Crop Diversity on Farms in Rural Bangladesh," pp. 51-70; (5) Muhammad, Andrew, and Ardian Harri: "Pricing-to-Market and Exchange Rate Pass-Through in European Import Markets: The Case of Fish from Lake...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96776

International Commodity Organizations and Governance of Global Value Chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burger,   Kees; Daviron,   Benoit; Flores,   Vanessa.
International commodity Organizations can play a role in reducing transaction costs between producer and consumer. The current organisations do this partly through statistics and collecting and disseminating market information, undertaking projects and convening meetings. Of a traditional focus on the international part of the trade chain they must extend to the whole chain, until the natural resources on the producer side and treatment of waste on the consumer side. This requires more capacity, stronger mandate and more intensive cooperation for the organisations mutually and with UNCTAD, FAO and the World Bank. The representatives of the governments now play the role of administrators and representatives of the industry. They should be customers, guard...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global governance; Global value chain; Commodities; Development; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q13; O19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51631

AGRICULTURAL TAXATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA:  A STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL OF AN AGRICULTURAL INCOME TAX IN FINANCING THE PLANS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barla,   Chain S.
Economic planning is undertaken in the belief that development can be brought about or accelerated by government intervention.  Referring to the countries of South Asia, Myrdal points out that these countries have long remained in a state of relative stagnation, and that "a strong impetus is needed to end such an economic stalemate."   India is the biggest of all the less developed countries with more then 540 million people, most of whom live in desperate economic conditions.  The magnitude of her problems is large, hence there is a need for large-scale economic planning.  For rapid economic growth, however, there is a need for effective planning, which in turn calls for a large-scale mobilization of resources.  The purpose of this paper is to examine the...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance; International Development; Public Economics.
Ano: 1970
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11190

THE IMPACT OF PROGRESA ON ACHIEVEMENT TEST SCORES IN THE FIRST YEAR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Behrman,   Jere R.; Sengupta,   Piyali; Todd,   Petra.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16021

Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development, Volume 4, Number 1, Spring 2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Content: (1) Josling, Tim. "The Institutional Framework for Food Regulation and Trade." (pp. 1-16); (2) Peterson, Everett, and David Orden. "Risk and Economic Assessments for U.S. Imports of Mexican Avocados." (pp. 17-34); (3) Wilson, John S. "Standards and Developing Countries Exports: A Review of Selected Studies and Suggestions for Future Research." (pp. 35-46); (4) Maertens, Miet, and Johan F.M. Swinnen. "Standards as Barriers and Catalysts for Trade, Growth and Poverty Reduction." (pp. 47-62); (5) Henson, Spencer. "The Role of Public and Private Standards in Regulating International Food Markets. " (pp. 63-82); (6) Tothova, Monika, and James F. Oemhke. "To Regulate or Not? The Trade-off between Food Safety and Consumer Choice." (pp. 83-98); (7)...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49179

BIOLOGICAL INNOVATION AND AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olmstead,   Alan L.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124504

The relationships between stock market capitalization rate and interest rate: Evidence from Jordan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khrawish,   Husni Ali; Siam,   Walid Zakaria; Jaradat,   Mohammad.
The paper examines the effect of interest rates on the stock market capitalization rate in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) over the period of (1999-2008). It is used the OLS regression method, multiple linear regression model and simple regression model. The time series analysis revealed that there are significant and positive relationship between government Prevailing interest rate (R) and stock market capitalization rate (S). The study shows that Government development stock rate (D) exerts negative influence on stock market capitalization rate (S), also it finds a significant and negative relationship between government Prevailing interest rate (R) and Government development stock rate (D). Finally, this study suggested the importance of government...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Stock market capitalization rate; Prevailing interest rate; Government development stock rate.; Financial Economics; International Development; E44.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95964

Estimating the effects of aggregate agricultural growth on the distribution of expenditures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ligon,   Ethan; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120420

Estimating Large-Scale Factor Models for Economic Activity in Germany: Do They Outperform Simpler Models?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dreger,   Christian; Schumacher,   Christian.
This paper discusses a large-scale factor model for the German economy. Following the recent literature, a data set of 121 time series is used via principal component analysis to determine the factors, which enter a dynamic model for German GDP. The model is compared with alternative univariate and multivariate models. These models are based on regression techniques and considerably smaller data sets. Out-of-sample forecasts show that the prediction errors of the factor model are smaller than the errors of the rival models. However, these advantages are not statistically significant, as a test for equal forecast accuracy shows. Therefore, the efficiency gains of using a large data set with this kind of factor models seem to be limited. Diese Arbeit...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Factor models; Principal components; Forecasting accuracy; International Development; E32; C51; C43.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26321

South Korea Agriculture Policy Review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gurung,   Rajendra Kumar; Pa,   Chung; Deng,   Hugh.
South Korea is a highly urbanized and industrialized country. Increased urbanization and greater specialization have led to rising incomes, and changes in food production and consumption patterns. Changes in consumption and increased production specialization have also resulted in changes in trading patterns, with South Korea emerging as a leading importer of agri-food products.  South Korea places great importance on self-sufficiency in food staples, and achieving income parity between rural and urban households. To attain these goals, considerable support has been provided to its agriculture sector. South Korea's policy support to the agriculture sector ranks among the worlds' highest. Small holdings still persist, entry into the sector is difficult, and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: South Korea; Agricultural policy; Self-sufficiency; Natural resources; Demographics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52051

TECHNICAL CHANGE, MARKET INCENTIVES AND RURAL INCOMES: A CGE ANALYSIS OF UGANDA'S AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; El-Said,   Moataz; Lofgren,   Hans.
In Uganda, as in much of sub-Saharan Africa, poverty is concentrated in rural areas.  Because agriculture accounts for a large share of incomes for these households, policies and external shocks that affect agriculture, including shifts in world prices, changes in agricultural productivity, and reductions in marketing costs, may have significant effects on rural poverty. In this paper, we use a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of the Ugandan economy, explicitly designed to capture regional variations in agricultural production and household incomes, to examine the implications of these policy changes and shocks.  Simulation results suggest that a doubling of area planted to coffee (the government's target) would increase rural consumption by less...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25846

Group versus Individual Liability: Long Term Evidence from Philippine Microcredit Lending Groups
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gine,   Xavier; Karlan,   Dean.
Group liability in microcredit purports to improve repayment rates through peer screening, monitoring, and enforcement.  However, it may create excessive pressure, and discourage reliable clients from borrowing. Two randomized trials tested the overall effect, as well as specific mechanisms.  The first removed group liability from pre-existing groups and the second randomly assigned villages to either group or individual liability loans. In both, groups still held weekly meetings. We find no increase in default and larger groups after three years in pre-existing areas, and no change in default but fewer groups created after two years in the expansion areas.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Group lending; Group liability; Joint liability; Social capital; Micro-enterprises; Informal economies; Access to finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; C93; D71; D82; D91; G21; O12; O16; O17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/229136

Bringing Growth Theory "Down to Earth"
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.; Stocking,   Andrew.
Explicitly accounting for certain basic physical laws governing the “earth” sector dramatically enriches our ability to explain a high degree of diversity in observed patterns of economic growth. We provide a theoretical explanation of why some countries have been able to sustain a more or less constant and positive rate of economic growth for many decades while so many others have failed to do so. The analysis predicts that countries that have an over abundance of physical capital (a concept that is precisely defined in the text) may be unable to sustain a positive rate of economic growth over the long run. Too much physical capital may affect the dynamics of the economy ultimately leading to stagnation. The plausibility of the growth model introduced...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Endogenous growth theory; Unbalanced growth; Structural change; Stagnation; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; E22; Q01; O41.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48944

A Estrutura e Tendência da Despesa Pública Agrícola em Moçambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zavale,   Helder; Mlay,   Gilead; Boughton,   Duncan; Chamusso,   Adriano; Gemo,   Helder; Chilonda,   Pius.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Food policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121862

FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: INITIATIVES OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, WEST INDIES, PHILIPPINES AND BANGLADESH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badrie,   Neela; De Leon,   Sonia Y.; Talukder,   Md. Ruhul Amin.
Protecting human health in today's global food market is an important challenge and one which must be addressed through internationally recognized food safety systems. The overall responsibility for food safety is shared by all segments of the food system, including the various industry sectors, government regulatory agencies and consumers in general.  Any threat to the food supply, whether by intentional or unintentional contamination could result in danger to health, considerable cost to food chain suppliers and could also affect trade.  This paper will highlight some food safety management initiatives of three countries -- Trinidad and Tobago; the Philippines, and Bangladesh in protecting the food supply from hazards. The initiatives of some...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety management systems; Food safety regulations; HACCP; Trinidad and Tobago; Bangladesh; Philippines; Good Agricultural Practice (GAP); Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP); Food Safety Legislations; CAES; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36953

Effects of Participation in Organic Markets and Farmer-based Organizations on the Adoption of Soil Conservation Practices among Small-scale Farmers in Honduras
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wollni,   Meike; Lee,   David R.; Thies,   Janice E.
Conservation agriculture is often perceived to provide “win-win” outcomes for farmers leading to reduced erosion and off-site sedimentation, as well as improved soil fertility and productivity. However, adoption rates for conservation agriculture in many regions of the world remain below expected levels. This paper looks at the effect of organic markets in providing incentives for farmers to adopt soil conservation practices. Farmer-based organizations may link farmers to these markets by helping them overcome information deficiencies with respect to production standards and consumer preferences. Based on original survey data from 241 small-scale farm households in Honduras, we find that both participation in organic markets and farmer-based groups have...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Soil conservation; Technology adoption; Organic markets; Farmer organizations; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Q01; Q12; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51669

Impacts of Cash Crop Production on Land Management and Land Degradation: The Case of Coffee and Cotton in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Kato,   Edward; Kaizzi,   Crammer; Ssali,   Henry.
We investigate the impacts of coffee and cotton production on land management and land degradation in Uganda, based on a survey of 851 households and soil measurements in six major agro-ecological zones, using matching and multivariate regression methods.  The impacts of cash crop production vary by agro-ecological zones and cropping system.  In coffee producing zones, use of organic inputs is most common on plots growing coffee with other crops (mainly bananas), and least common on mono-cropped coffee.  Both mono-cropped coffee and mixed coffee plots have lower soil erosion than other plots in coffee producing zones because of greater soil cover.  Potassium depletion is much greater on mixed banana-coffee plots.  In the cotton production zone, few land...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land management; Land degradation; Soil nutrient depletion; Soil erosion; Agricultural commercialization; Cash crops; Uganda; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q13; Q16; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50760

Bioenergy and Rural Development in Developing Countries: a review of existing studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gerber,   Nicolas.
Four broad types of studies on rural development and bioenergy technologies are identified. Within these four types, this discussion paper presents a number of existing studies which are most relevant in the context of developing a research focus on the role, feasibility and issues associated with bioenergy, and in particular biofuels, as engine for rural development in developing countries. The results and recommendations of the referenced studies, reflecting the global trends of the current literature, highlight the importance of bioenergy technologies in the development process of poor rural communities. The surge of biofuels and in particular of their feedstocks on the international agricultural markets has recently commended a lot of attention....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37862

RURAL DEVELOPMENT NETWORK AND TERRITORIAL COMPETITIVENESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Popovic,   Vesna; Katic,   Branko; Zivanovic Miljkovic,   Jelena.
In this paper, as a case-study, the authors examine development potentials and capacity building of local actors in one of the future NUTS III regions of Serbia, functional region Kolubara–Mačva-Podrinje, that encompass 14 municipalities of Kolubara and Mačva districts. The results of the situation analysis, including SWOT matrix, indicate local actors’ animation and its regional networking as one of the basic factors of territorial development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Territorial competitiveness; Rural networking; Capacity of local actors; Rural development support; Kolubara–Mačva-Podrinje region; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57641

STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION: THE COSTS OF KOREAN AGRICULTURAL POLICY 1975 AND 1990
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Dyck,   John H.; Lee,   Chinkook; Skully,   David W.; Somwaru,   Agapi.
The economic development of South Korea is often held up as a model to be followed by many developing countries.  We use 1975 and 1990 data in a general equilibrium framework with highly disaggregated agricultural sector specification to evaluate the opportunity cost of agricultural protection. We show that for Korea the cost of protection increases with the level of economic development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21492

Linkages Between Agricultural Growth and Improved Child Nutrition in Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Penders,   Christopher L.; Kelly,   Valerie A.; Staatz,   John M.; Yade,   Mbaye; Wise,   Victoria.
This paper presents the results of the first phase of a project aimed at analyzing the links between agricultural growth in Mali and child nutritional status. The objective of this project is to strengthen these links through applied research and extension. The first phase of the project was designed to generate hypotheses concerning the relationship and review existing data to test these hypotheses, generate new hypotheses and draw policy implications. The second phase of this project will carry out in-depth research to address the critical questions left unanswered in phase I and initiate actions designed to improve these links.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Child nutrition; Mali; Agricultural growth; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Downloads July 2008-July 2009: 13; I1.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54575

Is there a gender gap in housing? Marital property rights in Ecuador
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Twyman,   Jennifer; Deere,   Carmen Diana.
This study conducts a gender analysis of homeownership in Ecuador, drawing upon data collected through the nationally-representative 2010 Ecuador Household Asset Survey carried out by the authors.  The survey collected data on asset ownership both at the household and individual levels.   This allows us to overcome a typical problem faced by gender analyses, that of only having the sex of the household head and not the sex of the owner(s).  The study explores gender differences in homeownership and housing wealth.  There is fairly equal distribution of homeownership and housing wealth, which is not all that surprising given the partial community property marital regime.  Any property purchased during marriage or while in a consensual union is considered...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Homeownership; Gender; Marital regime; Partial community property rights; Ecuador; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103860

International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns:  An Update Using 2005 International Comparison Program Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muhammad,   Andrew; Meade,   Birgit Gisela Saager.
In a 2003 report, International Evidence on Food Consumption Patterns, ERS economists estimated income and price elasticities of demand for broad consumption categories and food categories across 114 countries using 1996 International Comparison Program (ICP) data. This report updates that analysis with an estimated two-stage demand system across 144 countries using 2005 ICP data. Advances in ICP data collection since 1996 led to better results and more accurate income and price elasticity estimates. Low-income countries spend a greater portion of their budget on necessities, such as food, while richer countries spend a greater proportion of their income on luxuries, such as recreation. Low-value staples, such as cereals, account for a larger share of the...
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: ICP 2005; High-value food products; Consumption patterns; Marginal share; Income elasticity; Price elasticity; ERS; USDA; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120252

The Global Supply and Demand for Agricultural Land in 2050: A Perfect Storm in the Making?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hertel,   Thomas W.
2010 AAEA Presidential Address; forthcoming in January 2011 AJAE in shortened version.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Global agriculture; Land use; Projections; Population; Yields; Urbanization; Biodiversity; Water; Climate change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q11; Q15; Q16; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92639

Road to Specialization in Agricultural Production: Tales of 18 Natural Villages in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Qin,   Yu; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/14/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Road; Agricultural specialization; Intermediate input; Agricultural income; China; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; O18; O43.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103882

Potential Demand for a New Value-Added Cowpea Product as Measured by the Willingness-to-Pay for Cowpea Flour in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Otoo,   Miriam; Fulton,   Joan R.; Ibro,   Germaine.
The objective of this paper is to assess the potential demand for a new value-added cowpea product – cowpea flour for purchase by women street food vendors. We use a non-hypothetical real purchase decision mechanism that involves real purchase exchanges of 1 kg packages of cowpea flour in a real market environment in Niamey, Niger.  Completed market transactions were bounded between an upper and lower limit price. Our results indicate that kossai vendors’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for 1kg of cowpea flour exceeds the costs of production including a retail margin. Differences in WTP averages for different groups of vendors (economic status, vendor processor type and scale of production) were found to be statistically significant. Potential exists for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Willingness-to-Pay; Real Purchase decision mechanism; Cowpea-based street foods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61434

Spatially-explicit scenarios on global cropland expansion and available forest land in an integrated modelling framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krause,   Michael; Lotze-Campen,   Hermann; Popp,   Alexander.
The pressure on land as required input in competing uses fuelled research on trade-offs in land use due to agricultural land expansion to meet food demand which is explicitly and implicitly treated in global land use modelling. Global land use studies rely on assessing the trade-offs by assuming policy, environmental, and economic constraints on the availability of land but do not base on consistent land use budgets. Commonly, they lack the focus on a holistic view on land use which employs different categories including trade-offs without mixing land use with land cover categories.  We pursue a spatially-explicit land use budgeting approach in global available land assessment to overcome overlaps in classification. Objectives pertain to (a) identifying...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cropland expansion; Available land; Historical land conversion; Spatially-explicit modelling; Non-linear optimization; Intact &amp; frontier forest; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51751

Efficiency evaluation of service marketing in a Hungarian Telecommunication Company
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kalmar,   Katalin; Karpati,   Laszlo.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48336

CORRUPTION AND OPENNESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Neeman,   Zvika; Paserman,   Daniele; Simhon,   Avi.
We consider a neoclassical growth model with endogenous corruption.  Corruption and wealth, which are co-determined in equilibrium, are shown to be negatively correlated.  Richer countries tend to be less corrupt, and corrupt economies tend to be poorer.  This observation gives rise to the following puzzle: If poorer countries do indeed experience higher levels of corruption, and if indeed as suggested by a number of empirical studies corruption hampers growth, then how did rich countries, who were poor once, become rich?  Our answer is simple.  In the past, economies were mostly "closed" in the sense that it was difficult to transfer illicit money outside of the economy.  In contrast, today's economies are mostly open.  In the relatively closed economies...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Growth; Openness; International Development; F2; H0; O1; O4.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14977

Ethnic Diversity and Ethnic Strife: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kanbur,   Ravi; Rajaram,   Prem Kumar; Varshney,   Ashutosh.
The objective of this paper is to present an overview of ethnicity, ethnic strife and its consequences, as seen from the perspective of the disciplines of economics, political science, social anthropology and sociology. What exactly is ethnicity--how is it to be defined, characterized and measured? What exactly are the causal links from ethnicity so defined to its presumed consequences, including tension and violence? What are the feedback loops from the consequences of ethnic divisions back to these divisions themselves? How can policy, if at all, mitigate ethnic divisions and ethnic conflict? Finally, what role does interdisciplinarity have in helping to understand ethnicity and ethnic strife, and how can interdisciplinary collaboration be enhanced?...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethnicity; Conflict; Interdisciplinary Approaches; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57039

USING DEA AND VEA TO EVALUATE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE MID-ATLANTIC STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marshall,   Elizabeth P.; Shortle,   James S.
In this study we use data envelopment analysis (DEA), and an extension of DEA called value efficiency analysis (VEA), to explore the “production” of quality of life within counties in the mid-Atlantic region and the extent to which production frontiers and efficiency differ between rural and urban counties. These methods allow us to identify counties that are inefficient in their quality of life production, and to rank those counties according to their distance from a performance standard established by other observed counties (using DEA), or by a single unit designated as “most preferred” (using VEA) .
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20198

O IMPACTO DA VOLATILIDADE NOS PREÇOS RECEBIDOS PELOS PRODUTORES DO CAFÉ NO MERCADO INTERNACIONAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amin,   Mario Miguel; Monte,   Leila Fatima; Correia,   Alessandro De Castro; Santos,   Danielle Cristina Gonzaga Dos.
A análise da volatilidade nos preços recebidos pelos produtores do café no mercado internacional demonstrou a instabilidade na renda dos produtores no Brasil, Índia, Colômbia, México e Etiópia. Esta instabilidade, decorrente da persistência e do agrupamento da volatilidade foi observada através da mensuração empírica dos modelos econométricos GARCH. O teste ARCH caracterizou todas as séries de preços do café como heteroscedástica, ou seja, os retornos do café apresentaram sinais de autocorrelação, que em termos econômicos significa acentuadas flutuações dos preços em torno da média. A análise empírica dos modelos GARCH (1,1) e EGARCH (1,1) mostrou para a série de retornos do café no Brasil e Etiópia a existência da persistência e assimetria da...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Volatilidade; Café; Renda do produtor; Mercado; Riscos; Volatility; Coffee; Income the producer; Market; Risks; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112834

Agricultural Trade Liberalisation and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: Analysis of Distributional Consequences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ali,   Ershad; Talukder,   Dayal.
The article analyses the impact of agricultural trade liberalisation on economic growth as well as on the welfare of rural livelihoods in developing countries through technological transformation in the agricultural sector. The article, based on existing literature, considers the background and reasons for the policy shift in developing economies away from agricultural protection and toward trade liberalisation. It attempts to shed light on the debate over the distributional consequences resulting from trade liberalisation. It also analyses how agricultural trade policy reforms affect poverty and inequality, since the majority of the population of developing countries is involved with agriculture, and these households are predominantly rural poor and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Developing countries; Growth; Inequality; Trade liberalisation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93447

Is War Necessary for Economic Growth? Military Procurement and Technology Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
New radical general purpose technologies have been the drivers of economic growth in the United States economy in recent economic history. In this paper I review the role of military and defense related research, technology development, and procurement in the development of the aircraft, nuclear power, computer, semiconductor, internet and the space communication and earth observing industries. The development of each of these industries would have been substantially delayed in the absence of support for research, technology development and procurement by the military and defense related agencies. Rates of productivity and output growth would have been substantially slower. By the early 1990's it was becoming clear that changes in the United States...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13534

A Dynamic CGE Model of R&amp;D Based Growth in the U.S. Economy: An Experiment Using the New Growth Theory
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Roe,   Terry L.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50866

Rural Income Generating Activities in Developing Countries: Re-assessing the Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carletto,   Gero; Covarrubias,   Katia; Davis,   Benjamin; Krausova,   Marika; Stamoulis,   Kostas G.; Winters,   Paul C.; Zezza,   Alberto.
This paper contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of developing country rural labour markets by re-evaluating the available evidence on the levels and composition of income sources adopted by rural households in order to understand the relationship between the various economic activities taking place in rural areas and their implications for economic growth and poverty reduction. This is achieved in two parts: First, the paper introduces the Rural Income Generating Activities (RIGA) database, a newly constructed FAO repository of household survey data, income measures and cross-country comparable indicators. Second, using the RIGA database, the paper undertakes a descriptive analysis of the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors of the rural...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Rural economy; Non-farm activities; Income inequality; Income diversification; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O12; O18; R23.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112596

Improving the Quality of Women’s Gold in Mali, West Africa: The Case of Shea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perakis,   Sonja Melissa.
The collection, primary processing, and subsequent sale of shea-based products make an important contribution to rural women’s cash income in many of Mali’s shea producing areas. Internationally, shea has recently become popular in high-valued cosmetics thanks to its therapeutic properties— a deviation away from its historic use as a cheap cocoa-butter substitute. For these reasons, international development actors have targeted the Malian shea value chain as part of their private-sector-development and rural-poverty-alleviation programs and strategies. Information asymmetry in the production and marketing of shea has led to a “Market for Lemons” scenario much like that described by Akerlof (1970), thereby compromising the subsector’s potential to serve as...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Information asymmetry; Karité; Mali; Rural development; Shea; Women’s income; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing; Q13; Q23; L15; L24; 013; O17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51703

KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY AND INNOVATIONS AS FACTORS OF AGRARIAN COMPETITIVENESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mihailovic,   Branko; Hamovic,   Vladana; Parausic,   Vesna.
Today, more than ever, development of agriculture leans on science research results and their practical application. Research in the field of agriculture is conducted by large network of public institutions, institutes and universities are mostly directed toward improvement of production. Economical research, at the level of husbandry, market analysis, or analysis and estimations of economic policy is poorly developed. Profitability of agriculture and food industry should be improved and supported by adequate research and application of gained results. Experience acquired in research and education systems of post-communist countries can help these countries change their economy towards knowledge, innovations and new technologies. But, in spite of great...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agro-economy; Cooperation; Performances; Competitiveness; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57487

AN APPROACH TO A MICROBIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE POULTRY SECTOR IN TRINIDAD
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dookeran,   Mark M.; Baccus-Taylor,   Gail S.H.; Akingbala,   John A.
International studies and epidemiological data have revealed a strong association between salmonellosis and chicken meat.  This association provides serious challenges for food safety and international trade.  Microbiological Risk Assessment is a food safety tool that is used to determine the incidence of food borne illnesses.  The procedure identifies a microbiological hazard in the entire food continuum (from farm to fork), and estimates the adverse effects to human health, of ingesting the microbial hazard. The Assessment integrates four steps, hazard identification, hazard characterisation, exposure assessment and risk characterisation, to produce a practical estimate of risk. In each step, knowledge of the prevalence and concentration of the pathogen,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Broiler chickens; Salmonellosis; Microbiological risk; FAO/WHO; CAREC; CAES; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36952

IMPACTS OF COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON INCOME AND ASSET ACQUISITION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkonya,   Ephraim M.; Phillip,   Dayo; Mogues,   Tewodaj; Pender,   John L.; Kato,   Edward.
This study evaluates the impacts of a community-driven development (CDD) project on household income and acquisition of productive assets in Nigeria. Using panel data and difference-in-differences and propensity score matching approaches, the study finds that the project succeeded in targeting the poor and women farmers in its productive asset acquisition component. Participation in the project also increased the income of beneficiaries by about 60%, which is well above the targeted increase of only 20% in the 6-year period of the project.  However, sustainability of this dramatic achievement is uncertain since the project did not involve rural credit services. The large cash transfer through its productive asset acquisition component is also unsustainable.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nigeria; Africa; Community-driven development; Impact evaluation; Poverty; Targeting; Income; Assets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; H43; H42; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50537

A Critical Evaluation of the Capital Theory Approach to Sustainable Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Wit,   M.P.; Blignaut,   J.N.
Irrigation farmers in the lower reaches of the Vaal and Riet Rivers are experiencing substantial yield reductions in certain crops and more profitable crops have been withdrawn from production, hypothesised, as a result of generally poor but especially fluctuating water quality. In this paper secondary data is used in a linear programming model to test this hypothesis by calculating the potential loss in farm level optimal returns. The model is static with a time frame of two production seasons. Linear crop-water quality production functions (Ayers &amp; Westcot, 1983; adapted from Maas &amp; Hoffmann, 1977) are used to calculate net returns for the eight most common crops grown. Results show optimal enterprise composition under various water quality...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56172

Agriculture for development: New paradigm and options for success
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: de Janvry,   Alain.
In the classical paradigm of development economics that prevailed in the 1960s, agricultural growth was held to be the key pillar for industrial growth, itself seen to be synonymous with economic development. The paradigm was anchored in telling success stories, from the long history of the “Western Experience” to the then-recent “Asian miracles”. And it was supported by rigorous modeling exercises. But, in spite of success stories, implementation of this paradigm was running into increasing difficulty in the 1970s and early 1980s as policy favored import substitution industrialization with strong anti-agriculture price policy biases. Integrated rural development strategies, designed to meet the broadened development objectives introduced in the 1970s that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53202

SOME ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE LABOR MARKET IN KAZAKHSTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alimbekova,   Guljan; Ilyasova,   Alya.
The paper raises issue of self-employed in Kazakhstan. The authors believe that complex measures  must be  implemented - in areas of legislation and state social policy, statistical reporting and taxation - to create better conditions for self-employed people. Otherwise, the self-employed sector might become a source of poverty extension in the country.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Labour market; Unemployment; Living standards; Employees; Self-employed population.; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; I3; J83.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94597

What Determines Evaluation Outcomes? - Evidence from Bi- and Multilateral Development Cooperation -
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Michaelowa,   Katharina; Borrmann,   Axel.
Donor agencies invest considerable financial and human resources to evaluate the outcome of their development activities. To derive institutional conditions conducive to an efficient use of these resources, we develop a multi-level principal-agent model focusing on the various interests of the different actors involved in the evaluation process. The model highlights two central problems: (i) the aid agencies' conflicting objectives of transparency and self-legitimization, and (ii) the potential collusion between the evaluator and the project manager. Empirical evidence for the World Bank and different German donor agencies reveals concrete institutional requirements for a reduced evaluation bias and increased transparency.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Development cooperation; Evaluation; Political economy; International Development; F35; H43; D73.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26176

Does good governance contribute to pro-poor growth? a review of the evidence from cross-country studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Resnick,   Danielle; Birner,   Regina.
Even though both “good governance” and “pro-poor growth” have become important concepts in development thinking and practice, studies that assess to which extent and how good governance contributes to pro-poor growth are still relatively scarce. After reviewing the two concepts, this paper develops a conceptual framework that specifies the linkages between different aspects of governance and pro-poor growth. Using this framework, the paper reviews a range of quantitative cross-country studies that include measures of governance as independent variables and focuses on the dependent variable in at least two of the three dimensions of pro-poor growth: poverty, inequality, and growth. The review shows that governance indicators that capture a sound...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Governance; Pro-poor growth; Cross-country studies; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55404

Food Aid Allocation Policies: Donor Coordination and Responsiveness to the Needs of Recipient Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuhlgatz,   Christian; Abdulai,   Awudu; Barrett,   Christopher B.
This study employs a multivariate Tobit model to investigate whether food aid flows of the main donor countries – USA, EU (Community Aid and Member States), Canada, Japan and Australia – respond to recipient countries’ needs and the extent to which the donors interact in their food aid allocation. The response of global food aid is also analyzed with a censored least absolute deviation (CLAD) model to highlight the overall performance of aggregate food aid. The empirical results generally indicate that both global and bilateral food aid are effective instruments in improving food security at the national level in recipient countries. In particular, global food aid is found to be significantly targeted to poorer countries, as well as countries facing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Need-orientation; Donor coordination; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F35; I38; O19; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51686

Why African governments under-invest in agriculture: results from an expert survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Headey,   Derek D.; Benson,   Todd; Kolavalli,   Shashidhara; Fan,   Shenggen.
Agricultural productivity growth is widely seen as an essential instrument of poverty reduction, food security and broader economic growth. Paradoxically, however, the agricultural sector is often neglected by African governments in what is often termed ‘urban bias’. This paper explores what appears to be a very contemporary form of urban bias: that despite open acknowledgement of the importance of agriculture, public expenditure allocations to the agricultural sector remain very low in Africa. An innovation of the paper is to go beyond the broad cross-country picture about why this might be the case to instead examine more complex country stories through the use of expert surveys. Specifically, we interview senior policymakers in ministries of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Urban bias; Public expenditure; Expert surveys.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51818

LOCAL-LEVEL PUBLIC GOODS AND COLLECTIVE ACTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCarthy,   Nancy.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16548

Export Diversification in Latin America and the Caribbean
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Timothy G.
Beginning in the mid-1980s the primary development paradigm pursued by Latin American and Caribbean countries undertook a major shift from the concept of import-substitution-industrialization (ISI) to that of export-led growth and openness to international markets. Despite these efforts, virtually no research has been undertaken to assess the degree to which the export structures of Latin American and Caribbean countries have in fact diversified.  This is unfortunate as the trade policy environment facing these countries is poised to undergo significant changes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the structure of exports to the U.S. from 19 selected Latin American and Caribbean countries over the 1989 to 2000 period in order to assess the degree to...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Export diversification; Balassa Revealed Comparative Advantage; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36806

A CANBERRA VIEW OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crocombe,   R.G.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1967
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22758

DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATION PROCESSES WITHIN THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lan,   Czyan.
Trade and investment cooperation is one of important direction within the Shanghai Organization of Cooperation reveal. The special attention is given a interests of China in expanding its economic interests in Central Asia. The paper describes the potential for further trade and investment involvement of China to cooperation with other parties of  the international organization.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Regional integration; Trade cooperation; Central Asia; China; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F15; F59.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94548

Dynamic Field Experiments in Development Economics: Risk Valuation in Morocco, Kenya, and Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lybbert,   Travis J.; Galarza,   Francisco B.; McPeak,   John G.; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Boucher,   Stephen R.; Carter,   Michael R.; Chantarat,   Sommarat; Fadlaoui,   Aziz; Mude,   Andrew G.
The effective design and implementation of interventions that reduce vulnerability and poverty require a solid understanding of underlying poverty dynamics and associated behavioral responses. Stochastic and dynamic benefit streams can make it difficult for the poor to learn the value of such interventions to them. We explore how dynamic field experiments can help (i) intended beneficiaries to learn and understand these complicated benefit streams, and (ii) researchers to better understand how the poor respond to risk when faced with nonlinear welfare dynamics. We discuss and analyze dynamic risk valuation experiments in Morocco, Peru, and Kenya.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Risk and uncertainty; Dynamics; Experiments; Kenya; Morocco; Peru; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90791

The Effects of Drought on Crop Yields and Yield Variability in Sahel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boubacar,   Inoussa.
Drought is widespread in Sahel, and its persistent occurrence has caused substantial damages to the agricultural sector. The severity of drought and the related damages to the agricultural sector are expected to increase due to global warming. In this paper, I examine the economic impacts of drought on Sahel agriculture. The maximum likelihood estimators of the Just-Pope stochastic production function indicate that the direction of the effects of climate variables is similar across crops, but their magnitudes differ. Specifically, drought as measured by a 6-month standardized precipitation index, poor rainfall spread, and degree-days have adverse effects on crop yields. The results are robust to alternative estimation methods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop yields; Drought; Stochastic production model; Sahel; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; O13; O55; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56322

Measurement of economic and social difference of Lithuanian rural areas for improving implementation of sustainable development policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jazepcikas,   D.; Vitunskiene,   V.
Large differences in terms of economic and social development across countries and smaller regions are one of the most important hinders for effective implementations of sustainable development. This paper presents a methodological approach to measure differences of economic and social development of rural areas. The research which was based on the presented methodology reveals a remarkable difference of Lithuanian rural areas even they are in neighbourhood of each other.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Measurement of differences; Quality of life; Policy of sustainable development; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44404

Why Foreign Economic Assistance?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7481

Cognitive Skills, Non-Cognitive Skills, and the Employment and Wages  of Young Adults in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Glewwe,   Paul; Huang,   Qiuqiong; Park,   Albert.
The objective of this paper is to examine whether noncognitive skills explain differences in  employment status and hourly wages even after controlling for age, experience, schooling and cognitive skills. Of particular interest is to examine the relative magnitudes of the impacts of the cognitive and noncognitive skills on these labor market outcomes. Data used in this paper come from the Gansu Survey of Children and Families (GSCF), which followed a random sample of 2,000 children in rural areas of Gansu Province who were 9-12 years old in the year 2000. Three waves of surveys were completed in 2000, 2004, and 2007-2009. The GSCF is the first large-scale data collection on child and adolescent cognitive and noncognitive skills in rural China.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cognitive skills; Noncognitive skills; Years of schooling; Wage; Gansu; China; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103407

THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND UNITED STATES AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abel,   Martin E.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13962

Using the Hawthorne Effect to Examine the Gap Between a Doctor's Best Possible Practice and Actual Performance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leonard,   Kenneth L.; Masatu,   Melkiory C.
Many doctors in developing countries provide considerably lower levels of quality to their patients than they have been trained to provide. The gap between best practice and actual performance is difficult to measure for individual doctors who differ in levels of training and experience and who face very different types of patients. We exploit the Hawthorne effect—in which doctors change their behavior when a researcher comes to observe their practices—to measure the gap between best and actual performance. We analyze this gap for a sample of doctors, examining the impact of the organization for which doctors work on the performance of doctors, after controlling for their ability. We find that some organizations succeed in motivating doctors to work at...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Motivation; Practice quality; Health care; Tanzania; Hawthorne effect; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; I1; O1; O2.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36693

Alternative Industrial Development Paths for Indonesia: Sam and CGE Analyses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.; Robinson,   Sherman; El-Said,   Moataz.
"May 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 15). Published as Bautista, Romeo M., Sherman Robinson and Moataz El-Said. 2001. Alternative industrial development paths for Indonesia: SAM and CGE analyses. In J. Behrman, M. Dutta, S.L. Husted, P. Sumalee, C. Suthiphand and P. Wiboonchutikula, eds, Restructuring Asian for Economics the New Millennium,. Vol 9B, pp. 773-790. Elsevier Science/North Holland.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social accounting; Indonesia; Industrialization; International Development.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97538

Establishment of a protected area in Vanuatu
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Centre for International Economics.
The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project ANREI/90/20 assisted in the establishment of a number of protected areas in Vanuatu by improving information flows and by establishing appropriate institutional structures. The total research benefit from this project is estimated to be: - A$1.89 million divided up as follows.$0.14 million is the present value to landowners, based on estimates of the surplus—return on land above logging returns foregone. For most areas, the benefits to the landowners exceeded the returns from logging and the landowners were willing to establish the area without compensation arrangements. - $1.07 million is the project’s contribution to improving the net returns on logging activities—assuming that...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Venuatu; Forestry; Protected area; Land value; Logging; Timber harvest; Harvesting; Tourism; Tourist; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47192

Agricultural R&amp;D and Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dinopoulos,   Elias.
The paper develops a dynamic general-equilibrium model of Schumpeterian growth which is fueled by industrial and agricultural R&amp;D. The former is private and results in better production processes, whereas the latter is government-financed (public and applied) R&amp;D and generates better crop varieties. The arrival of innovations in either sector is stochastic. The model is used to calculate the steady-state equilibrium and the growth-maximizing mix of agricultural and industrial R&amp;D investments. It is also used to highlight the properties of social rates of return (ROR) of R&amp;D which are based on partial-equilibrium calculations. These measures overestimate the true agricultural social ROR and underestimate the true industrial social ROR of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Research and development; Economic growth; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Downloads July 2008 - June 2009: 14; Q16.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54690

Die Internationalisierung landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmen. Das Beispiel deutscher, dänischer und niederländischer Direktinvestitionen in den ukrainischen Agrarsektor.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stange,   Henriette.
Ausgehend davon, dass der Agrarsektor in die Internationalisierungsprozesse der Weltwirtschaft eingebunden ist, stand die Untersuchung einzelbetrieblicher Internationalisierungsprozesse westeuropäischer landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmen im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit. Die Integration landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmen in globale Produktionsnetzwerke führt in Kombination mit sich verändernden politischen Rahmenbedingungen und Agrarstrukturen zu einem hohen wettbewerblichen Anpassungsdruck. Dieser bewirkt u. a., dass landwirtschaftliche Unternehmen wachsen und sich spezialisieren. Eine der möglichen Anpassungsstrategien landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmen kann das Wachstum durch geographische Expansion sein. Findet diese grenzüberschreitend statt, handelt es sich um...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94743

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENTS OF HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURE IN THE TRANSITION: THE CASE OF CROP PRODUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferto,   Imre.
The paper investigates spatial changes in cultivation and land use of wheat, maize and oilseed in Hungarian agriculture using different methods to measure these changes. The results suggest that spatial structure of crop productions has remained fairly stable during analysed period. The spatial concentration increased significantly for wheat and maize production and maize land use, whilst the changes were not significant for other cases. Estimates confirm the presence of spatial autocorrelation for all cases. The degree of spatial autocorrelation has no unambiguous pattern over time, except for maize production. Finally, we have not found significant relationship measured by PSE index between agricultural support and spatial concentration, but estimates...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural production; Land use; Spatial analysis; Hungary; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90871

Overcoming Inefficient Land-Holding of Part-Time and Absent Small Farmers - A Challenge to Nobel Economics Laureate Theodore W. Schultz
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhou,   Jian-Ming.
Paper presented at the International Symposium Sustaining Food Security and Managing Natural Resources in Southeast Asia - Challenges for the 21st Century Organized by University of Hohenheim, Germany Chiang Mai University and Kasetsart University, Thailand International Center for Research in Agroforestry, and International Board for Soil Research and Management 8-11 January 2002 at Chiang Mai University, Thailand
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Part-time and absent small farmers; Inefficient land-holding; Low and high income economy; Economies of scale; Obliged lease of unused land to full-time farmers.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; B; O; Q; R.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95864

Micro-Savings &amp; Informal Insurance in Villages: A Field Experiment on Indirect Effects of Financial Deepening on Safety Nets of the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flory,   Jeffrey A.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/28/11.    Former title: Indirect Effects of Microfinance: A Field Experiment on Formal Savings Expansion and Informal Safety Nets of the Ultra-Poor
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microfinance; Formal savings; Indirect effects; Safety nets; Poverty; Food security; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Financial Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; O17; O16; O12; I30; I38; I10.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103905

Mass Media and Public Policy:  Global Evidence from Agricultural Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olper,   Alessandro; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
Mass media plays a crucial role in information distribution and thus in the political market and public policy making. Theory predicts that information provided by mass media reflects the media’s incentives to provide news to different types of groups in society, and affects these groups’ influence in policy-making. We use data on agricultural policy from 67 countries, spanning a wide range of development stages and media markets, to test these predictions. We find that, in line with  theoretical hypotheses, public support to agriculture is strongly affected by the mass media. In particular, an increase in the share of informed voters, and a greater role of the private televisions in society is associated with policies which benefit the majority more: it...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mass Media; Media Structure; Information; Agricultural Protection; Political Economy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics; D72; D83; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51694

Farmer Participation in Supermarket Channels, Production Technology, and Efficiency: The Case of Vegetables in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rao,   Elizaphan J.O.; Brümmer,   Bernhard; Qaim,   Matin.
Supermarkets are gaining ground in the agri-food systems of many developing countries. While recent research has analyzed income effects in the small farm sector, impacts on productivity and efficiency have hardly been studied. We use a meta-frontier approach and combine this with propensity score matching to estimate treatment effects among vegetable farmers in Kenya. Participation in supermarket channels increases farm productivity in terms of meta-technology ratios by 45%. We also find positive and significant impacts on technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Supermarket expansion therefore presents opportunities for agricultural growth in the small farm sector, which is crucial for poverty reduction in Africa.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Technical efficiency; Scale efficiency; Meta-frontier; Meta-technology ratio; Sample selection; Kenya; International Development; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; D24; L23; O12; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113508

Der ukrainische Außenhandel mit Produkten der Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft: Eine quantitative Analyse aus Sicht traditioneller und neuer Außenhandelstheorien
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levkovych,   Inna.
Seit den 1990er-Jahren befindet sich die Ukraine in andauernden Umgestaltungen des politischen und ökonomischen Systems. Durch die institutionellen, strukturellen und wirtschaftlichen Reformen und Integrationsbemühungen veränderte sich unter anderem die Produktions- und Handelsstruktur von Agrar- und Ernährungsgütern des Landes. Die WTO-Mitgliedschaft, die Wiederbelebung der Handelsbeziehungen mit den GUS-Ländern sowie die Bemühungen um einen Freihandelsstatus mit der EU sind für die Ukraine mit weiteren Änderungen der außenwirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen verbunden. Durch die weitere Handelsliberalisierung steht der Agrar- und Ernährungssektor der Ukraine, der mit einem Anteil von fast 13 % am BIP in den letzten Jahren einer der wichtigsten Sektoren der...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109520

Staple food prices in Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Tostao,   Emilio.
Prepared for the Comesa policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mozambique; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58561

Fruit fly in Malaysia and Thailand 1985-1993
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Collins,   B.A.; Collins,   David J.
Fruit flies are a serious economic pest affecting horticultural production world-wide. Increasing coordination of activities between neighbouring countries and those countries involved in fresh fruit trade is leading to more effective regional management of the fruit fly pest.  1.1 ACIAR Research Projects.   ACIAR has supported fruit fly research in developing countries since 1984. Two projects, based in Thailand and Malaysia, have generated significant scientific and economic outcomes. The total cost of these two projects was $1.7m (in 1996 dollars). Specific outcomes include: 1. A more detailed understanding of exotic fruit fly species, their host range, pest status and spatial distribution; 2. Increased interest in fruit fly management in Thailand and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Fruit fly; Malaysia; Thailand; Australia; Pest; Fruit; Production; Export; Papaya; Outbreak; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47194

Economic Social and Cultural Influences on the Status and Wellbeing of Indian Rural Wives
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.; Regmi,   Gopal.
Examines the status and well being of wives in rural India using results from interviews.  Surveys were conducted in three villages in the southwest of West Bengal and in three villages in the west of Orissa.  The survey in West Bengal contained a large proportion of Santal tribals and the Oriyan survey was dominated by Kondh tribals.  The relationships between variables representing economic, social and cultural factors are compared with ‘dependent’ variables representing the status of wives within their family and their wellbeing.  Wellbeing is indicated by whether the basic needs of wives for food and medical care are met.  Status of wives is indicated by their ‘control’ over family resources, whether or not they are restricted in joining social groups...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Santal; Kondh; Wives; India; Gender inequality; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/106952

A Politico-Economic Model of Aging, Technology Adoption and Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lancia,   Francesco; Prarolo,   Giovanni.
Over the past century, all OECD countries have been characterized by a dramatic increase in economic conditions, life expectancy and educational attainment. This paper provides a positive theory that explains how an economy might evolve when the longevity of its citizens both influences and is influenced by the process of economic development. We propose a three periods OLG model where agents, during their lifetime, cover different economic roles characterized by different incentive schemes and time horizon. Agents’ decisions embrace two dimensions: the private choice about education and the public one upon innovation policy. The theory focuses on the crucial role played by heterogeneous interests in determining innovation policies, which are one of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Growth; Life Expectancy; Human Capital; Systemic Innovation; Majority Voting; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D70; J10; O14; O31; O43.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9552

The impact of the stimulus package on the agricultural sector in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trang,   Truong Thi Thu; Vanzetti,   David.
The global financial crisis in 2008-2009 has affected almost all countries. Vietnam was hit by a large fall in export demand and foreign direct investment. Many governments quickly prescribed stimulus packages and Vietnam was no exception. It reduced taxes and increased government spending, mainly by subsidizing loans to state-owned enterprises. The question is what the stimulated impact is, if any, and whether a better outcome could have been achieved by a different mix of policies. In this paper, we use a simple general equilibrium model to quantify the impact of the various components of the stimulus package on the whole economy as well as agricultural sector. The results suggest that, in the short run at least, the stimulus package marginally...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vietnam; Fiscal stimulus; Agriculture; International Development; Public Economics; E62; D58; Q17.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100722

TESTS OF THE EKC HYPOTHESIS USING CO2 PANEL DATA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shi,   Jianping.
Environmental Kuznets Curve depicts the long-term relationship between pollution and economic growth. It hypothesizes that during the initial stages of economic growth environmental quality will deteriorate, then, after reaching some turning point, it will improve as the economy grows. In the past decade, lots of empirical literature provided both supports and criticism to this hypothesis. However, as we know from econometrics, when data contain stochastic trends, the conclusions drawn from such analysis might be meaningless. In this paper, we test the stationarities of a number of key variables used in such analyses using a panel data set for 50 countries over 50 years. The tests with different null hypothesis find that the data are stochastically...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18156

A Typology for Vulnerability and Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Xiaobo; Rockmore,   Marc; Chamberlin,   Jordan.
This paper considers vulnerability reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from a more aggregated macro viewpoint. We focus on risk related to agriculture, since vulnerability and agriculture are intimately linked in SSA due to the location of the poor, their dependence on agriculture and the inherent risks of an agricultural livelihood. We argue that agricultural growth is one of the most effective means for improving permanent incomes and reducing vulnerability. However, agriculture is not homogeneous, and the inherent risks vary across countries and regions. Therefore, we also discuss appropriate investment strategies and policy instruments for different sets of risks.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Agriculture; Vulnerability; Typology; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42365

Does International Trump Domestic Trade? The Seed Potato Market in Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Thibodeau,   David R.; Clark,   J. Stephen; Yang,   Jinbin; Prochazka,   Petr.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Trade; Potato; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43468

Trade, Tastes and Nutrition in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Atkin,   David.
This paper introduces habit formation into an otherwise standard model of international trade. Household tastes evolve over time to favor foods consumed as a child. The opening of trade causes preferred goods to rise in price, as these were relatively inexpensive in autarky. Neglecting the correlation between tastes and agro-climatic endowments overstates the short-run nutritional gains from agricultural trade liberalization and masks potential caloric losses for laborers. I examine the predictions of this model of trade with habit formation using household survey data from India, both by looking across Indian regions and by examining the consumption patterns of inter-state migrants.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Trade; Habit Formation; India; Tastes; Nutrition; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; O10; O12; Q17; F10.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60710

IFPRI PERSPECTIVES - Volume 24, April 2002 (Revised June 2002)
Provedor de dados: 31
Headlines:  From Relief to Recovery: Rebuilding Afghanistan; What Is The "Tragedy Of The Commons"?; Tribal Strengths Can Help Manage Common Land; The High Price of Gender Inequality; Hungry for Learning: Food for Education Programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16508

AFRICA'S CHANGING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Delgado,   Christopher L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16338

Mexican Agricultural and Food Export Competitiveness
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Malaga,   Jaime E.; Williams,   Gary W.
This report analyzes the export performance of the Mexican agricultural and food sector in recent years with a particular emphasis on the changing competitiveness of those exports in the U.S. and world markets. The report includes an examination of the general trends in Mexican agricultural and food exports, an analysis of the international competitiveness of the major subgroups of Mexican agriculture based on the Revealed Comparative Advantage methodology, an assessment of the competitiveness of Mexican exports of specific agricultural and food products to the United States, a consideration of the effectiveness of Mexico’s agricultural and food export market diversification efforts, a discussion of the main factors likely to affect the long-term...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Mexican; Exports; Food Export; Mexican Food; Competitiveness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90778

The role of agriculture in development : implications for Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diao,   Xinshen; Hazell,   Peter B.R.; Resnick,   Danielle; Thurlow,   James.
Thinking on development has long held that agricultural growth is an important step toward economic development and transformation. However, the new challenges facing African agriculture in today’s more globalized environment have led some to question whether conventional wisdom about the role of agriculture in development is still applicable to Africa. There is a shift in emphasis toward nonagricultural growth opportunities, which has the potential to reshape the development strategies of many African countries over the coming decades. This research report critically examines conventional wisdom and contemporary skepticism. It also develops a country typology reflecting the diversity of conditions across the subcontinent and then examines the role of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Economic aspects; Africa; Sub-Saharan; Farms; Small; Rural development; Poverty; Agriculture and state; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37878

Development in the Midst of Drought: Evaluating an Agricultural Extension and Credit Program in Nicaragua.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullally,   Conner.
This essay is an evaluation of year one of the Rural Business Development (RBD) program for small rice farmers in León, Nicaragua. The RBD program is administered by the Millennium Challenge Corporation, and is designed to deliver agricultural extension advice and affordable credit in the form of inputs to farm households. This essay estimates the average impact of the program on rice yields and revenues utilizing inverse propensity score weighting combined with linear regression. In conducting statistical inference, it also accounts for the fact that agricultural outcomes are likely correlated over space in a small area such as the one studied here. The results suggest that the program had no impact on average, likely due to the presence of a severe...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Development; Program evaluation; Agricultural extension.; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109664

LAND DEGRADATION IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD: ISSUES AND POLICY OPTIONS FOR 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Scherr,   Sara J.; Yadav,   Satya N.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16371

Agriculture in Indonesia: Lagging Performance and Difficult Choices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barichello,   Richard R.; Patunru,   Arianto.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development; O13; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94712

A CGE MODEL FOR MALAWI: TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans.
Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are a class of economywide models that are widely used for policy analysis in developing countries. This paper provides a detailed documentation of an applied CGE model of Malawi – the first ever for Malawi – developed in the context of the project “Collaborative Research and Capacity Strengthening for Multi-Sector Policy Analysis in Malawi and Southern Africa.” The purpose of this paper is to serve as a source of background information for analysts using the model in the context of the current project and in the future. The model is built around a 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Malawi, which was developed in the context of the current project, is based on data from the 1998 Integrated Household Survey...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16264

Articles from Volume 2, Issue 1, 2006, Journal of International Agricultural Trade and Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Content: Abler, David. "Introduction: Modeling Global Food and Agricultural Markets." (pp. v); (1) Sheldon, Ian. "Monopolistic Competition and Trade: Does the Theory Carry any Empirical Weight?" (pp. 1-32); (2) Abbott, Phillip. "Comment on: Monopolistic Competition and Trade: Does the Theory Carry any Empirical Weight?" (pp. 33-38); (3) Sarker, Rakhal and Yves Surry. "Product Differentiation and Trade in Agri-Food Products: Taking Stock and Looking Forward." (pp. 39-78); (4) Alston, Julian M. "Product Differentiation and Trade in Agri-Food Products: Discussion." (pp. 79-86); (5) Westhoff, Patrick, Scott Brown, and Chad Hart. "When Point Estimates Miss the Point: Stochastic Modeling of WTO Restrictions." (pp. 87-108); (6) Anton, Jesus. "Modeling Production...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49155

STRATEGIES FOR SMALLHOLDERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: COMMERCIALISATION, DIVERSIFICATION AND EXIT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brooks,   Jonathan; Cervantes-Godoy,   Dalila; Jonasson,   Erik.
This paper proposes a strategic framework for policies to assist smallholders in developing countries. It describes the inevitable features of structural change in the agricultural and rural economy, the associated pressures that these changes place on smallholders, and the consequent need for policies to facilitate rather than impede adjustment. A key premise of the framework is that, for the majority of smallholders, the long term (i.e. inter-generational)future lies outside the sector. Hence, long-term policies need to make a distinction between those who potentially have a competitive future in the sector and those who do not. In either case, many of the necessary policies will not be agriculture-specific, so it is important that agricultural policies...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Rural development; Agricultural policy; Structural change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; O20; Q18; R23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52867

Migration and the Rural-Urban Continuum: Evidence from the Rural Philippines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; McNiven,   Scott.
Migration is an important livelihood strategy in the Philippines. In 1991, 26 percent of urban households and 13 percent of rural households received remittances from migrant parents or children. Although international migration has received more attention than internal migration, the latter is significant in the Philippines. Between 1980 and 1990, the number of persons over the age of five years who were not resident in the city or municipality they resided in five years ago, increased from 2.85 to 3.24 million. Recent migration flows are interprovincial, typically in the direction of Metropolitan Manila and surrounding areas, and are dominated by women. While the percentage of the population classified as urban increased from 36 percent in the mid-1970s...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Rural; Urban; Philippines; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59599

A Methodology for Assessing the Effectiveness of National Sustainable Development Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: George,   Clive; Kirkpatrick,   Colin.
At the Rio Earth Summit of 1992, governments undertook to develop and adopt national sustainable development strategies, as a key component of implementing the goals of Agenda 21. Only partial progress was reported at the 2002 World Summit in Johannesburg, with uncertainty in the effectiveness of those strategies which had been introduced. This paper describes a methodology for assessing the extent to which a country may be considered to have implemented an effective sustainable development strategy, with the prime aim of identifying weaknesses that need to be addressed. The methodology concentrates on evaluating those strategic planning processes that are operational in a country, taking into account any existing overall strategy document related to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30582

A framework for assessing impacts of community-based enterprises on poverty reduction: a case study in northern Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Terrakul,   Nuttamon; Villano,   Renato A.; Wood,   Fiona; Mounter,   Stuart W.
Poverty alleviation remains a challenge for Thailand’s socio-economic development. A key strategy of the Thai government to help meet this challenge at the ‘grass roots’ level has been the promotion of Community-Based Enterprises (CBEs). And national statistics and descriptive studies have shown that CBEs have led to both income improvement and employment creation. However, poverty is a multi-dimensional concept and also some groups are more adversely affected (such a women) than others. By investigating poverty from a number of different angles, this research aims to assess whether CBES are a genuine tool for poverty reduction at the individual household level. This paper provides an outline of the framework developed for assessing CBE impact on poverty...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Impact assessment; Community-based enterprise; Poverty reduction; Gender empowerment; Northern Thailand; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59165

Agricultural outsourcing: A comparison between the Netherlands and Japan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Igata,   Masayo; Hendriksen,   Astrid; Heijman,   Wim J.M.
Outsourcing may well be a tool for increasing the efficiency of Japanese agriculture. However, outsourcing is not frequently used by Japanese farmers in their day-to-day management. This has resulted in a weakly developed market for agricultural contracting services. In order to take a closer look at the reasons for making use of outsourcing, a comparative study was carried out between the agricultural contracting sector in Japan and that in the Netherlands, where agricultural outsourcing is a regular practice. In the Netherlands, especially small, diversified farms that lack sufficient labour tend to outsource agricultural work; in Japan, the situation is far less clear. Cultural factors possibly play an important role.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural outsourcing; Farm size; Diversification; Labour shortage; Cultural factors; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48332

Declining Poverty in Latin America? A Critical Analysis of New Estimates by International Institutions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Helwege,   Ann; Birch,   Melissa B.L.
Indicators of progress in overcoming poverty in Latin America have been heralded recently by international institutions. Yet a closer look at data from the World Bank and the United Nations reveals contradictions that are not easily resolved by reference to the underlying methodologies. This paper provides an introduction to how poverty is measured, what the data indicate about trends in poverty, and reasons to tread cautiously in interpreting it as evidence of progress or stagnation. While significant progress has been achieved in a few large countries, the poorest countries are still very poor, and some countries have even seen increases in their poverty rates despite economic growth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37279

Provision of Livestock as a Catalyst for Improved Income Generation on Small Farms in Western Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Juma,   Alfred; Roberts,   Tim.
Many of the Groups supported had humble origins. Some were originally formed by women who got together because of their desperate situation and started 'merry go rounds' by which they each contributed a small amount of money each month and then supported members in turn either in a crisis situation or for a particular need - eg school fees. As they developed self confidence and improved their well being in a small way, so ngos such as SACHKWR have been able to build on their strengths and support them in the next step towards self sustainability. The challenge now is to ensure that as SACHKWR move on and support other communities that they are able to continue on their own with the minimum of outside support. To this end it is hoped that one of the SACHKWR...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Smallholders; Women’s groups; Livestock; Pass on; Micro-credit; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24233

FÖRDERUNG DER ENTWICKLUNG DES LÄNDLICHEN RAUMES IN POLEN UND BAYERN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sroka,   Wojciech; Happe,   Kathrin.
This paper compares the polish Programme for Rural Development (PROW) and the Bavarian counterpart (BayZAL). The focus is on comparing objectives and Instruments. The different development axes are at the centre of the analysis. The two programmes differ with regard to funding. The programmes are based on differing philosophies concerning the funding of different measures. These are due to differences in economic development and the quality of the human capital in rural areas. Both programmes emphasise measures related to agriculture despite of the claim to target at the whole rural area.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Entwicklung ländlicher Räume; Vergleichende Analyse; Polen; Bayern; Rural development; Comparative analysis; Poland; Bavaria; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91904

AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY AND PLANNING IN TANZANIA, 1969-1974:  A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zegge,   Barnabas K.
Generally, economists have analyzed development planning in developing countries (LDC's) under the following aspects.  First, attention is focused on the plan strategies, policies and targets.  Special emphasis is often devoted to whether the targets have been or could be achieved over the relevant time periods.  Secondly, in recent years attention has also been given to the techniques of planning.  The purpose of this paper is to analyze the agricultural development planning process adopted in the Tanzania's Second Five Year Plan for Social and Economic Development, 1969-74.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1972
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11150

ISSUES IN DEVELOPMENT OF STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL IN UZBEKISTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pulatov,   Dilshod.
State financial system reforms in Uzbekistan among other priorities aims to provide effective public financial control. Taken steps have already provided satisfactory results in increasing efficiency in revealing and preventing infringements of budgetary entities. Important direction in the area is further development of treasury system, new budget classifications and accounting for budget expenditures, strengthening public audit of public expenditures allocation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: State financial control; Treasury; Budget expenditures efficiency; Audit; Financial Economics; International Development; H5; H83.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94541

The Impact of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccination Policy in Importing Countries on U.S. Swine Meat Exports
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yang,   Shang-Ho; Saghaian,   Sayed H.; Reed,   Michael R.
Our previous research found that FMD Outbreaks in foreign countries have a significant positive influence on U.S. swine meat exports. However, not all of these FMD-affected countries adopted the same treatment policy to ease domestic FMD issues. This study proposes a gravity model with fixed-effect regressions to analyze the effects of FMD in countries that import U.S. swine meat. Annual trade data for seventeen countries are used in this study. This study confirms that different policies change the results from FMD. FMD-affected countries which adopted a vaccination policy have negative impacts on U.S. swine meat exports, and the estimated results did confirm that these seven countries are still very important swine meat markets for the U.S.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International trade; Foot-and-Mouth Disease; Vaccination policy; Livestock; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56369

Global Wage Inequality and the International Flow of Migrants
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
A framework for understanding the determinants in the variation in the pricing of skills across countries and the model underlying the Mincer specification of wages that is used widely to estimate the relationship between schooling and wages are described. A method for identifying skill prices and for testing the Mincer model, using wages and the human capital attributes of workers located around the world, is discussed. A global wage equation that nests the Mincer specification is estimated that provides skill price estimates for 140 countries. The estimates reject the Mincer model. The skill price estimates indicate that variation in skill prices dominates the cross-country variation in schooling levels or rates of return to schooling in accounting for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wage; Skill price; International migration; Inequality; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; J31; J61.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56757

Analysis of the process of Introducing Euro in New Member States: Defining Lessons for Croatia case Study: Slovenia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Drinkovic,   Marina.
On 1 May 2004, EU made a historical enlargement by expanding from 15 to 25 members, and with another enlargement in 2007, EU is now a union of 27 member states. Following the new member states accession to the EU the next challenge for them is joining European Monetary Union and introducing the euro as a national legal currency. This thesis concentrated on the analysis on how the new member states handle the process of joining the Euro-zone with the main objective to examine whether there are any possible lessons that Croatia can apply to its EMU integration path. The thesis is mainly focused on analysing the Slovenian EMU integration process, as this member state has been identified by the Croatian Authorities and Croatian National Bank as the one whose...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Introducing Euro; Member States; Croatia; Case Study; Slovenia; Agribusiness; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49235

POVERTY, INEQUALITY AND "SPILLOVER" IN MEXICO'S EDUCATION, HEALTH, AND NUTRITION PROGRAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Straffon,   Beatriz; Handa,   Sudhanshu; Huerta,   Mari-Carmen; Perez,   Raul.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16016

Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from COMESA Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chali,   Nondo; Mulugeta,   Kahsai.
This study applies panel data techniques to investigate the long-run relationship between energy consumption and GDP for a panel of 19 African countries (COMESA) based on annual data for the period 1980-2005. In the first step, we examine the degree of integration between GDP and energy consumption by employing three panel unit root tests and find that the variables are integrated of order one. In the second step, we investigate the long-run relationship between energy consumption and GDP. Results overwhelming show that GDP and energy consumption move together in the long-run. In the third step, we estimate the long-run relationship and test for causality using panel-based error correction models. The results indicate that long-run and short-run causality...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Energy consumption; GDP; Panel Causality tests; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; O55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46450

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RAINFED AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   John M.
India’s agricultural growth has been sufficient to move the country from severe food crises of the 1960s to aggregate food surpluses today. Most of the increase in agricultural output over the years has taken place under irrigated conditions. The opportunities for continued expansion of irrigated area are limited, however, so Indian planners increasingly are looking to rainfed, or unirrigated agriculture to help meet the rising demand for food projected over the next several decades. Rainfed areas are highly diverse, ranging from resource-rich areas with good agricultural potentially are highly productive and already have experienced widespread adoption of improved seeds. In drier, less favorable areas, on the other hand, productivity growth has lagged...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16104

Unscrambling Africa: Regional Requirements for Achieving Food Security
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Haggblade,   Steven.
Africa has inherited highly arbitrary political borders that vastly complicate current efforts to accelerate agricultural growth and reduce hunger. Because Africa’s inherited political borders arbitrarily partition agro-ecological zones and natural market sheds, current country borders serve as barriers, hampering agricultural technology transfer, hindering agricultural trade and dampening incentives for farmers and agribusinesses to invest in Africa’s many regional breadbasket zones. Feasible solutions revolve around neutralizing these deleterious effects through regional scientific networks and regional corridor development programs.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food Security; Markets; Technology transfer; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; R12; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97030

AGRICULTURE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parker,   M.L.
Primary production including subsistence production, accounts for about 60 per cent of the national income of Papua and New Guinea. The bulk of the indigenous people are subsistence farmers, or have contact with the cash economy through agriculture, and the agricultural industries provide virtually the sole source of export earnings. The position is nevertheless changing rapidly.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22287

Credit Constraints and Productivity in Peruvian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guirkinger,   Catherine; Boucher,   Stephen R.
This paper evaluates the performance of a rural credit market in Peru. We develop a model that shows that collateral requirements imposed by lenders in response to asymmetric information can lead not just to quantity rationing but also to transaction cost rationing and risk rationing. Just like quantity rationing, these two additional forms of non-price rationing adversely affect farm resource allocation and productivity. We test the insights of the model using a panel data set from Northern Peru. We estimate the returns to productive endowments for constrained and unconstrained households using a switching regression model. We find that, consistent with the theory, productivity is independent of endowments for unconstrained households but is tightly...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6882

SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: POETRY, POLICY AND SCIENCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruttan,   Vernon W.
In this paper I review the evolution of the sustainability concept.  This is followed by a description of three "classical" systems of sustainable agriculture.  None of these systems were or are capable of generating growth of output consistent with modern rates of growth in demand.  I then turn to three unresolved analytical issues that continue to divide the conventional resource economics and the sustainable development communities.  In a closing section I argue sustainable growth in agricultural production should be viewed as a research agenda rather than as a package of practices that is available to producers whether in developed or developing countries.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13415

Rural Nonfarm Employment and Agricultural Modernization and Diversification in Guatemala
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez,   Ricardo; Reardon,   Thomas; Guan,   Zhengfei.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61686

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loyns,   R.M.A.; MacMillan,   James A.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124341

JAAE Back page
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120441

AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AS A KEY TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brown,   Lynn R.; Haddad,   Lawrence James.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16352

Learning-by-Doing and the Choice of Technology: The Role of Patience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karp,   Larry S.; Lee,   In Ho.
If agents learn-by-doing and are myopic, less advanced firms might adopt new technologies while more advanced firms stick with the old technology. This kind of overtaking can also occur if agents are forward looking and have high discount rates. However, overtaking never occurs if agents are sufficiently patient. A finite discount rate increases the set of states at which agents adopt new technologies, so more patient agents tend to upgrade their technology more frequently.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Learning-by-doing; Overtaking; Leapfrogging; Technology adoption; Economic growth; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D92; O14; O33.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25108

Intraindustry Trade and the Environment: Is There a Selection Effect?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aralas,   Sarma B.; Hoehn,   John P.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/06/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environment; Trade; Monopolistic Competition; Selection effect; Environmental quality; Panel data; OECD; Pollution; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q56; Q51; Q53; Q58; F12; F18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61367

THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAMIC BANKING ON AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SUDAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Al-Hashimi,   Muhammad Ali Alula.
Islamic banking is a relatively new and rapidly growing phenomenon, particularly in the Muslim world.  Islamic banking prohibits all kinds of financial transactions based on interest.  Its primary approach to financing is the mudaraba profit-loss contract, where the financing partner, the bank, and the entrepreneurial partner, the individual seeking investment capital, share profit as mutually agreed upon.  In the case of loss from the business venture, the loss is absorbed by the bank.  Because there is no collateral or interest involved in the mudaraba contract and because loss is absorbed by the financing partner, the bank, the mudaraba contract is becoming increasingly popular among poor rural agriculturalists in Sudan who seek capital to finance their...
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10994

Reducing fish losses due to Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome - An Ex Ante Evaluation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Centre for International Economics.
The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) project no. 9130 established causes and control measures for epizootic ulcerative syndrome, a major killer of wild and cultured fish. The project cost $1.7 million dollars and, based on conservative assumptions, could yield net benefits (in present value terms) of $56 million. These significant benefits are a result of the importance of fish production in Australia, Indonesia and Thailand, both as a commercial crop and a source of subsistence income.  These benefits are based on the assumption that the knowledge obtained from the project is actually adopted by fish producers and others. There is no guarantee of this, and the results should be interpreted in that light. This also suggests...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Fish; Production; Australia; Indonesia; Thailand; Epizootic ulcerative syndrome; Disease; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47499

Endogenous Learning and Consensual Understanding in Multilateral Negotiations: Arguing and Bargaining in the WTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolfe,   Robert.
People at home and trade negotiators in Geneva cannot bargain what they do not understand, and what they bargain must be based on consensual understanding among the relevant actors, whether or not they agree on what to do about it. Consensual understanding is endogenous, arising in an argumentative process of learning structured by constitutive principles of a regime. In a departure from both rationalist and constructivist approaches to negotiation analysis in political science, my goal in this paper is to try to advance analysis of these questions by exploring the contribution that deliberation or arguing makes to learning. My proposition is that something happens at the multilateral negotiation table in addition to bargaining, something that alters...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: WTO; Bargaining; Learning; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90885

Tiger or turtle?: exploring alternative futures for Egypt to 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; Robinson,   Sherman; Nygaard,   David F.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-22). In association with the Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran and Turkey. Published, in 1998, in Raed Safadi, ed. Opening doors to the world: a new trade agenda for the Middle East. pp. 167-197. (Chapter 5).
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Egypt; Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- Egypt; Water-supply; Agricultural -- Egypt; Computable general equilibrium (CGE); International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97765

Un plan d'action pour renforcer les liens entre la croissance de la productivité agricole et l'amélioration de la nutrition infantile
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tefft,   James F.; Staatz,   John M.; Penders,   Christopher L.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Downloads July 2008-June 2009: 6.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11317

Beyond Agriculture? The Promise of the Rural Economy for Growth and Poverty Reduction
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anriquez,   Gustavo.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112590

The Response of Consumption to Income Shocks:  Evidence from the Indian Trade Liberalization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tandon,   Sharad; Landes,   Maurice R.
This paper uses the Indian tariff reforms of the early nineties to estimate how households responded to the negative income shocks caused by the tariff decreases.  Households more hurt by the tariff reform decreased overall expenditure, but the response is not uniform across food items.  In particular, households more hurt by the reform did not change their consumption of cereals, but decreased their consumption of all other food items.  Although this coping mechanism helped maintain overall levels of calorie consumption, diet diversity and the associated benefits were sacrificed.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Trade; Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; D7; D8; H2; O2.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103767

THE GROWING MIDDLE CLASS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND THE MARKET FOR HIGH-VALUE FOOD PRODUCTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Senauer,   Benjamin; Goetz,   Linde.
The central hypothesis of this paper is that the largest global growth opportunity for high-value food products is the emerging middle class in many developing countries. Using data for Lima, Peru, 20 percent of households are classified as middle or upper class based on the prevalence of ownership of major durable goods, such as refrigerators and automobiles. Monthly expenditures by the middle class on more expensive foods, such as fresh fruit and red meat, and especially for high value-added products, such as food away from home, are substantially higher, markedly so in some cases. By extrapolating from these results for Lima, a minimum per capita gross national income (GNI) of $6,000 is required for an emerging middle class lifestyle. Based on World...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14331

Land Inequality and Economic Growth: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fort,   Ricardo; Ruben,   Ruerd.
The growing body of literature devoted to study the impact of inequality on economic growth have centred its attention in the income distribution effect, even though the theoretical relationships are more related to assets distributions than to income distribution. While some recent studies have tried to overcome this limitation by introducing indicators of this type, they found a new constraint when dealing only with time-invariant measurements for this explanatory variable. This article provides a theoretical discussion and some novel empirical tests to better understand the relationships between assets distribution and economic growth. We assembled a new panel database that includes observations for more than 30 countries over the last three decades....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land inequality; Economic growth; Investments; System GMM estimation; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Q15; C23; I3.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25582

Agricultural Transition in the New Federal States of Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Koester,   Ulrich; Brooks,   Karen M.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50845

The Lewis Model After Fifty Years
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kirkpatrick,   Colin; Barrientos,   Armando.
The article reassesses the contribution of Sir Arthur Lewis's 1954 article entitled "Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labour" to our understanding of economic development, and to the establishment of development economics as an academic discipline. It argues that Lewis's key insight into the structural dualism characterising developing countries mapped out a new and distinctive field for development economics and policy. The article has had a profound impact over the last fifty years and continues to yield valuable lessons for understanding the nature of economic transformation.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30550

Contribution of Agriculture to the Economy of Limpopo Province
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meliko,   Majory O.; Oni,   Stephen A.
Introduction: In this study, an input output table was developed which was used to examine the empirical evidence on the strength of agricultural growth multipliers, in the facets of income, output and employment. Of the nine production group studied, agriculture contributed directly and indirectly to the Limpopo Province economy in term of output (1.3481), income (0.0327) and employment (0.0524) multipliers and was ranked ninth in the former two and eighth in the latter. While trade services was ranked first in all three sets multipliers From the study, it was concluded that to reduce poverty, investment should be in the trade services sector as it gives more returns to money.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96797

Az EU-s támogatások és a tagállamok közigazgatásának kapcsolata
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Toth,   Tamas; Naar-Toth,   Zsuzsanna.
Az Európai Unió regionális politikájának intézményi háttere jogszabályokban került lefektetésre. Az intézményrendszer felállítása és működtetése az EU-tárgyalásoknak is kiemelt témája volt. A megkövetelt végrehajtási rendszer minden tagállamban – akár régi, akár újonnan csatlakozott – a meglévő közigazgatási rendszerre épült. Ugyanakkor nem lényegtelen, hogy míg az ún. régi tagállamok, és ezért maga az EU-szabályozás is már az elmúlt 25-35 évben a „New Public Management” eszméjében élt és fejlődött, addig az újonnan csatlakozók még az ezredfordulón is inkább egy bürokratikus közigazgatást működtettek, és kevésbé volt jelen a szolgáltatói szemlélet, illetve eredményorientáció. Annak ellenére, hogy az új tagállamok jelentős időnyomásra állították fel...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Támogatás; Közigazgatás; Forrásfelhasználás; Subsidy; Public administration; Utilisation of funds; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92510

Agriculture and Economic Growth in Argentina, 1913-84
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mundlak,   Yair; Cavallo,   Domingo; Domenech, Roberto.
In 1982 Dominga Cavallo and Yair Mundlak received an award for quality of research discovery from the American Agriculture Economics Association for IFPRI Research Report 36, Agriculture and Economic Growth in an Open Economy: The Case of Argentina. The research was sponsored jointly by IFPRI and the Instituto de Estudios Economicos Sobre la Realidad Argentina y Latinoamericana (IEERAL) of the Fundacion Mediteranea, and it in turn built on earlier prize-winning research by Mundlak, presented in Research  Report 6, Intersectoral Factor Mobility and Agricultural Growth. The model developed for the study makes it possible to explore the effects of policies directed at agriculture as well as general macro and trade policies, taking into account interaction...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; History; 20th Century; Economic conditions; Econometric models; International Development.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42166

Synergistic Green and White Revolution: Evidence from Kenya and Uganda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jia,   Xiangping.
Rising agricultural productivity in developing countries is crucial to ease the tension of increased population and haunting concern on food security. Nevertheless the soaring price of fertilizer and sluggish dissemination of improved seed varieties prohibit the poor to tap benefits from increased productivity. In the presence of the pressing button on food security, subsidizing fertilizer and seeds is recently voiced heavily. This study reveals that the adoption of improved maize variety in Kenya leads to higher yield than that in Uganda. By introducing livestock programs, the agricultural productivity in Kenya is sustained with a synergy between the “Green Revolution” and “White Revolution”. To tap agricultural potentials in Africa, subsidizing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Green revolution; Livestock; Fertilizer; Food security; Propensity score matching; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q12; Q18; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51367

Characteristics of Food Expenditures in Argentina: Implications for the U.S. Dairy Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sabates,   Robert; Gould,   Brian W.
This Discussion Paper provides an analysis of the structure of Argentine dairy and non-dairy food expenditures using a series of econometric models.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Argentine Dairy Industry; Econometric Models; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37657

Title II Food Aid and Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Towards a Principled Argument for When, and When Not, to Monetize
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Howard,   Julie A.
This paper attempts to develop a set of principles and approaches to food aid, and specifically to monetization, that balance pragmatic short-run considerations against the need to pursue better long-term solutions. The paper summarizes trends in U.S. foreign assistance, and reviews historical and recent critiques of food aid.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Monetization; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Downloads May 2008-July 2009: 30; E5.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54572

Transmission of World Food Price Changes to African Markets and its Effect on Household Welfare
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Minot,   Nicholas.
Paper to be presented at the Comesa policy seminar “Food price variability: Causes, consequences, and policy options" on 25-26 January 2010 in Maputo, Mozambique under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Markets Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Africa; Food security; Food prices; Global markets; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58563

PERFECTION OF CURRENCY RESERVE POLICY TO INCREASE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF KAZAKHSTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Begentaev,   Meiram.
Kazakhstan has accumulated essential foreign currency stocks from resource-based export earnings since gaining independency. These reserves can serve as base for creation of competitive industries. To realize the task the paper recommends policies of rational use of these funds to finance innovative investment projects in priority industries. The paper argues that rational channeling of foreign currency reserves in Kazakhstan can contribute to increase of innovative activity in industrial sector of economy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: State regulation; Foreign currency reserves; Currency rationing; Industrial sector; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O24; O25.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94538

Can Education Be a Barrier to Technology Adoption?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Uematsu,   Hiroki; Mishra,   Ashok K.
The objective of this study is to test the widely‐held belief that the effect of education has a positive impact on technology adoption. Using 2006 Agricultural Resource Management Survey "ARMS" data, we estimate a simultaneous equations model to integrate farmers’ labor allocation decision with adoption of GM crops and precision farming. We confirm that the marginal effect of education on technology adoption is significantly larger for large farms for both GM crops and precision farming and it is unexpectedly negative for GM crops at all levels of farm size. These results suggest that formal education can be a barrier to technology adoption, especially for small scale farmers who have higher tendency to work off‐farm.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Education; Technology Adoption; Off‐farm Labor Supply; Precision Farming; Genetically Modified Crops; Simultaneous Equations Model; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q10; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61630

DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL GROWTH IN THAILAND, INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Butzer,   Rita; Larson,   Donald F.; Mundlak,   Yair.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14979

PROSPECTS FOR GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN ZAMBIA, 2001-2015
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lofgren,   Hans; Thurlow,   James; Robinson,   Sherman.
Zambia is one of the poorest countries in Africa. Despite substantial reform during the 1990s, the economy has remained heavily dependent on urban-based mining. Copper's long-standing dominance led to a strong bias against agriculture, which undermined the sector's growth and export potential. Consequently poverty has remained concentrated within marginalized rural areas. Recent volatility in copper exports and growing foreign debt indicate the need for further economic diversification and pro-poor growth. These needs have been clearly identified in the country's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP), which outlines a series of policy objectives aimed at combating HIV/AIDS, reversing the deterioration of education and rural infrastructure, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60181

Farmer Participation in Supermarket Channels, Production Technology and Technical Efficiency: The Case of Vegetables in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rao,   Elizaphan J.O.; Brümmer,   Bernhard; Qaim,   Matin.
Supermarkets are currently gaining ground in the agri-food systems of many developing countries. While recent research has analyzed income effects in the small farm sector, impacts on farming efficiency have hardly been studied. Productivity effects in previous studies are also estimated with respect to different frontiers. Using a survey of Kenyan vegetable growers and a meta-frontier approach, we control for self-selection using propensity score matching and show that participation in supermarket channels increases farm productivity by 35-38%. Effects on technical efficiency are, however, insignificant. Supermarket expansion therefore presents opportunities for realizing agricultural growth, thus enhancing poverty alleviation and rural development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supermarkets; Meta-frontier; Productivity; Meta-technology ratio; Sample selection; Kenya; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61190

MORE THAN FOOD ON THE TABLE: AGRICULTURE'S TRUE CONTRIBUTION TO THE ECONOMY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trejos,   Rafael; Segura,   Oswaldo; Arias,   Joaquin.
Agriculture is something more than crops and food: nowadays all countries regard it as a strategic asset. Agriculture'’s performance and its contribution to our countries'’ economic development has traditionally been undervalued, since it is measured using information about harvests and the sale of raw materials, mainly crops and livestock. As a result, the backward and forward linkages with agro-industry, the services and trade sectors and, in general, the rest of the economy, are undervalued. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to estimate agriculture'’s true contribution to economic development for 11 countries in the Americas. This methodology empirically addresses the concept of extended agriculture; calculates agricultural linkages;...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20360

Energy, Environment and the Sustainability of Economic Development in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fang,   Xingming; Hu,   Xiaoping; Wang,   H. Holly.
Whether the high economic growth of China is sustainable is the matter of interest to the public, government and academic circle of China and meanwhile it catches the attention of the world because the development of China has been exerting increasing impact on the world economy.  Since the high economic growth of China has been promoted by heavy and chemical industry (HCI) to a great extent, which resulted in high consumption of energy resource, high consumption of mineral resources and high emission of pollutants (the “triple highness”), the sustainability of high economic growth of China depends on a sustainable growth road for China’s HCI and effective control on the “triple highness”.  We find that the contributing factors of the “triple highness” are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Energy; Resource; Pollution; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O10; O11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6274

A Model of Choice between Current Consumption and Future Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arifa,   Ali; Gan,   Christopher E.C.
This paper uses a newly proposed working definition of sustainability based upon the Rawlsian principle of justice to develop a simple aggregative model of growth. The model explores the issue of choice between current consumption and future economic growth through changes in capital stock. It is shown that sustainable growth limits the range of this choice, but does not determine it. The model used is only illustrative, but may be useful as a pointer for future research and comparison of sustainability modelling techniques.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12303

African hunt for investment: any chance for success?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dyakov,   Ignaty.
During recent two decades the world has witnessed a drastic increase in global FDI inflows. Gradually more and more investment has been directed to the developing countries in the attempt to diversify portfolios and use finance in the most efficient way. Not all developing regions of the world perfectly succeeded in attracting FDI. Large by labor force and territory, abundant in natural resources Sub-Saharan Africa could perform much better in this aspect. This paper once again reviews the opportunities for FDI in Africa and suggests possible ways for authorities of African states to overcome the existing situation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: FDI; Africa; Determinants; Policy recommendations; Financial Economics; International Development; F21; O55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94546

CLIMATE AND SCALE IN ECONOMIC GROWTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Masters,   William A.; McMillan,   Margaret S.
This paper introduces new data on climatic conditions to empirical tests of growth theories.  We find that, since 1960, temperate countries have converged towards high levels of income while tropical nations have converged towards various income levels associated with economic scale and the extent of the market.  These results hold for a wide range of tests.  A plausible explanation is that temperate regions' growth was assisted by their climate, perhaps historically for their transition out of agriculture into sectors whose productivity converges across countries, while tropical countries' growth is relatively more dependent on gains from specialization and trade.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11845

Agricultural economics and transition: What was expected, what we observed, the lessons learned  Proceedings (Volume I / II)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csaki,   Csaba; Forgacs,   Csaba; Koester,   Ulrich; Liefert,   William M.; Banse,   Martin; Gay,   Stephan Hubertus; McDonald,   Scott; M'Barek,   Robert; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.; Kim,   Hanho; An,   Donghwan; Hubbard,   Lionel J.; Rieger,   Laszlo; Szoke,   Gyula; Cristoiu,   Adriana; Udovc,   Andrej; Kagan,   Adam; Sassi,   Maria; Takacs,   Istvan; Takacs,   Emese; Cimpoies,   Dragos; Ertsey,   Imre; Kovacs,   Sandor; Przygodzka,   Renata; Dziemianowicz,   Ryta Iwona; Magda,   Robert; Borodina,   Elena; Borodina,   Alexandra; Gavrilescu,   Dinu; Pecze,   Denes; Balogh,   Peter; Cechura,   Lukas; Sayin,   Cengiz; Cengiz,   M. Nisa; Osanami,   Fumio; Szabo,   Gabor G.; Karaman,   Suleyman; Szekely,   Geza; Szczepaniak,   Iwona; Szczegolska,   Monika; Serova,   Eugenia; Pieniadz,   Agata; Barmon,   Basanta Kumar; Kondo,   Takumi; Becvarova,   Vera; Levkovych,   Inna; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Bezlepkina,   Irina V.; Kupavych,   Alexander; Konig,   Gabor; Halmai,   Peter; Vasary,   Viktoria; Vincze,   Maria-Magdolna; Lerman,   Zvi; Kolcsey,   Andrea; Bokusheva,   Raushan; Turtoi,   Crina Sinziana; Toma,   Camelia; Gavrilescu,   Camelia; Davidova,   Sophia; Blaas,   Gejza; Antonova,   Maria; Zeller,   Manfred; Deininger,   Klaus W.; Savastano,   Sara; Carletto,   Calogero; Caceres-Clavero,   Francisco; Lucena-Cobos,   Blanca; Latruffe,   Laure; Takacs-Gyorgy,   Katalin; Bandlerova,   Anna; Sadowski,   Adam; Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio; Luca,   Lucian; Cristoiu,   Adriana; Ciaian,   Pavel; Pokrivcak,   Jan; Drabik,   Dusan; Voneki,   Eva; Tonini,   Axel; Burger,   Anna; Szep,   Katalin; Majewski,   Edward; Raggi,   Meri; Viaggi,   Davide; Maccarini,   Elisa Ricci; Monasterolo,   Irene; Vandeplas,   Anneleen; Jongeneel,   Roelof A.; Novak,   Petr; Brasili,   Cristina; Meyer,   William H.; Kuhne,   Bianka; Fanfani,   Roberto; Gellynck,   Xavier; Molnar,   Adrienn; Gagalyuk,   Taras; Traikova,   Diana; Mollers,   Judith; Cochrane,   Nancy J.; Kazlauskiene,   Natalija; Fekete-Farkas,   Maria; Molnar,   Jozsef; Szucs,   Istvan; Popp,   Jozsef; Udovecz,   Gabor; Florkowski,   Wojciech J.; Fritzsch,   Jana; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Kasarjyan,   Milada; Podruzsik,   Szilard; Korff,   Rudiger; Wilkin,   Jerzy; van Leeuwen,   Myrna; Bartova,   Lubica; Erjavec,   Emil; Katona-Kovacs,   Judit; Baranyai,   Zsolt; Hubbard,   Carmen.
Over fifteen years have elapsed since the transition from the centrally planned economic system started in the early 1990’s. During this time agricultural and rural areas of Central and Eastern Europe have undergone profound structural changes with wide variations in the degree of transformation and in the rate of success in creating a competitive market and private ownership based food and agricultural system. By becoming member of the European Union the "transition" in its traditional interpretation has been concluded in ten of the Central East European countries. The transition to market based agriculture, however, is far from completion in Southern and Eastern Europe and especially in the CIS countries. International Association of Agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92319

Productivity and Economic Growth in Tunisian Agriculture: An Empirical Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhehibi,   Boubaker; Lachaal,   Lassaad.
This paper analyse the patterns of productivity and economic growth in the Tunisian agriculture during the 1961–2000. Results indicated that agriculture output growth where high in both the 1961–1970 and the 1971–1980 periods but decreased during the 1991–2000 period. Average output growth exceeded 6% during the 1981–1990 period, the average output growth during 1991–2000 had fallen to 4%. Over the whole period, capital was the most important contributor to output growth and labour is considered as the least significant contributor to economic growth. Total factor productivity contribution to output growth decreased from 4.64% in 1961–1970 to 2.86% in 1971–1980. In contrast, this contribution increased in 1981-1990 to close the 4.38%. In the last period,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production function; Translog; Agriculture; TFP; Tunisia; International Development; Productivity Analysis; C8; O13; O14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25707

SEASONAL LABOR CONSTRAINTS AND INTRA-HOUSEHOLD DYNAMICS IN THE FEMALE FIELDS OF SOUTHERN CAMEROON
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Elad,   Renata L.; Houston,   Jack E.
Women's agricultural production is modeled as a sequential switching regression process determined by men's clearing labor capacity and women's harvest labor capacity.  Results show that output was more often constrained by husband's clearing labor.  However, men's economic contribution to household consumption is inversely related to women's agricultural output.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Seasonal labor; Gender; Production; Developing countries; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16691

Agricultural dynamics in Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mundlak,   Yair; Larson,   Donald F.; Butzer,   Rita.
The introduction of new high‐yielding varieties of cereals in the 1960s, known as the green revolution, dramatically changed the food supply in Asia, as well as in other countries. In the present paper we examine, over an extended period, the growth consequences for agriculture in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. Despite geographical proximity, similar climate and other shared characteristics, gains in productivity and income differed significantly among the countries. We quantify these differences and examine their determinants. We find that the new technology changed the returns to fertilisers, irrigated land and capital, all of which proved scarce to varying degrees. Complementing technology‐related changes in factor use were investments, public...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117863

PEACE THROUGH DEVELOPMENT: HOW CAN AUSTRALIA HELP?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bie,   Stein W.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123868

Consulting the stakeholders on pro-poor market segmentation of maize seed in Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: De Groote,   Hugo; Andam,   Kwaw S.; Hall,   Mike; Munyua,   Bernard Gathigi; Ngigi,   Obadiah; Spielman,   David J.
Paper accepted for presentation at the 27th Conference of the International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE), Beijing China, August 16-22, 2009,  (Ref 690)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maize; Market segmentation; Seed; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51753

Migration and Land Rental as Risk Response in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ward,   Patrick S.; Shively,   Gerald E.
Households in developing countries take various actions to smooth income or consumption as a means of managing or responding to risk. One of the principal means of smoothing income is through the diversification of income sources, including non-farm employment and rural-urban migration.  An important consumption smoothing strategy involves the accumulation and depletion of assets.  We examine migration and land rental market participation as responses to risk in rural China.  Using a longitudinal data set comprised of households in nine provinces in China from 1991 through 2006, we are able to test for the effect of various manifestations of underlying idiosyncratic and covariate income risk on household responses.  We find that covariate risks increase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; Risk; Consumption smoothing; Income smoothing; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Risk and Uncertainty; O15; R23; Q15.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103379

Impacts of U.S. Graduate Degree Training on Capacity Building in Developing Countries:  A Case Study of the Pulse CRSP
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jamora,   Nelissa; Bernsten,   Richard H.; Maredia,   Mywish K.
The Dry Grain Pulses Collaborative Research Support Program (Pulse CRSP) had allocated a major part of its resources to providing graduate degree training (GDT) of scientists/researchers in order to strengthen agricultural research capacity in Africa, Latin America, and the U.S. However, no systematic attempt had been made to assess the impact of this investment. The study adopted the Kirkpatrick framework as a guide for evaluating the impacts of GDT by the Pulse CRSP. The results were drawn from a survey of former trainees and researchers, supplemented by interviews with scientists and program administrators and an institutional case study. An important finding was that over 86% of host country trainees returned to their home country. In their enhanced...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Impact assessment; Pulse CRSP; USAID; Training; Graduate degree; Beans; Cowpeas; International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q16-R&amp;D-Agricultural technology-Biofuels-Agricultural Extension Services.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105037

A Comparison of Household Food Security in Canada and the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nord,   Mark; Hopwood,   Heather.
Food security—consistent access to enough food for an active, healthy life—is essential for health and good nutrition. The extent to which a nation’s population achieves food security is an indication of its material and social well-being. Differences in the prevalence of household level food insecurity between Canada and the United States are described at the national level and for selected economic and demographic subpopulations. Associations of food security with economic and demographic characteristics are examined in multivariate analyses that hold other characteristics constant. Comparable measures of household food security were calculated from the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2.2 (2004) and the U.S. Current...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56488

Idiosyncratic shocks, risk management and welfare dynamics in rural Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Naschold,   Felix; Walker,   Thomas F.; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Osei,   Robert.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109646

Food Aid and Biofuels: The Effects of Biofuel Policies on Procurement and Delivery
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardwell,   Ryan T.; Kerr,   William A.
The food-aid community almost unanimously condemns policies that encourage crop production for fuel.  Both food-aid donors and recipients are concerned that biofuels will increase foodgrain prices and leave donors unable to meet commitments.  The effects of biofuel-induced higher cereal prices on food-aid recipients are complicated functions of several factors, each of which must be considered in an analysis of the effects of biofuel policies.  These factors include the level of biofuel-induced price increases, changes in relative commodity prices, donor-recipient relationships and the sources from which food aid is procured.  This article analyses the effects of biofuel policies on the food-aid supply chain and concludes that the more reliant a recipient...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food aid; Biofuels; Development economics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O13; Q18; Q42.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51705

Economic Growth, Lifestyle Changes, and the Coexistence of Under and Overweight in China: A Semiparametric Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shimokawa,   Satoru; Pinstrup-Andersen,   Per.
We investigate the relationship between changes in socioeconomic factors and the emerging coexistence of under and overweight among adults in China during 1991-2000. Our key questions are: (1) whether any socioeconomic factor explains both increasing overweight (Body Mass Index (BMI)less than or equal to 25 kg/m2) and remaining underweight (BMI greater than or equal to 18.5 kg/m2), (2) whether China's continuing economic growth leads to further increase in the prevalence of overweight, and (3) whether China's economic growth alone can lead to commensurate decrease in its remaining underweight. Based on the theoretical model in Lakdawalla and Philipson (2002), we focus on the effects of economic growth on weight through changes in income, job-related...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic Growth; Underweight; Overweight; Smiparametric; China; Health Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25518

The Changing Face of Milk Production, Milk Quality and Milking Technology in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Costa,   Debora; Reinemann,   Douglas J.; Cook,   Nigel; Ruegg,   Pamela L.
This introductory paper gives an overview of milk production in Brazil and discusses a series of recent regulations implemented to improve milk quality with the purpose of asserting the Brazilian dairy industry as a competitor on the international market. It also points out the economic advantage of setting design guidelines for milking machines that would be best suited to Brazilian crossbred cows.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brazilian Milk Quality; Brazil Dairy Industry; Brazilian Milk Production; Brazilian Milk Prices; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization; International Development; Political Economy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37517

ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: A REPLY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gutman,   G.O.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1967
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22757

Human Development and Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
Recent literature has contrasted Human Development, described as the ultimate goal of the development process, with economic growth, described as an imperfect proxy for more general welfare, or as a means toward enhanced human development. This debate has broadened the definitions and goals of development but still needs to define the important interrelations between human development (HD) and economic growth (EG). To the extent that greater freedom and capabilities improve economic performance, human development will have an important effect on growth. Similarly, to the extent that increased incomes will increase the range of choices and capabilities enjoyed by households and governments, economic growth will enhance human development. This paper analyzes...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Human development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; O15; O11.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28375

Peculiarities of project planning in tourism
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Filipova,   Milena.
The dynamic changes in the environment, in which the tourism companies work, make it necessary to search for a situational solution of a series of innovation tasks and for an introduction of new projects not described in details in the strategic or operative plan of the tourism company. Along with the periodic planning project teams are established with competences covering (and limited to) the solution of individual, we would rather say, many times unique problems.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Project planning; Tourism company; Project team.; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; L83; M10; O21.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94649

Supply and Demand Shocks and the Growth of the Brazilian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barros,   Geraldo Sant'Ana de Camargo; Spolador,   Humberto Francisco Silva; Bacchi,   Mirian Rumenos Piedade.
In the last decades the Brazilian agriculture had a strong growth. Our hypothesis is that most of that growth may be attributed to two general factors, which may conveniently be related to two types of shocks acting upon agriculture: demand-related and technological supply-related shocks. Demand shocks are originated both from domestic economy but also from external markets. We use Blanchard &amp; Quah (1989) type of methodology to test the relative importance of supply and demand shocks on Brazilian agricultural growth. Our results indicate that supply and demand shocks have permanent effects upon agricultural output and prices. We estimate that the agricultural output growth in Brazil is attributed in large proportion to yield increases. We argue that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supply and demand shocks; Agricultural growth; Productivity; International Development; 04.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25286

Technology and Human Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav.
Human development, in combination with technology, yields economic growth which, in turn, is necessary to generate further advances in human development.  This paper focuses on the first channel above and finds the relationship significant.  Secondly, the paper tries to investigate what affects technology change, as represented by TFP.  We examine the influence of openness, FDI, patents and R&amp;D in a 22 country sample and also contrast Asian and Latin American experience.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Technology; Human Development; International Development; F00; F16; J24; O10; O15; O30; O31; O32.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118649

ECONOMIC CRISIS IN ASIA: A FUTURE OF DIMINISHING GROWTH AND INCREASING POVERTY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Ringler,   Claudia.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16211

Agriculture in Brazil and China: Key findings from the OECD
Provedor de dados: 31
Presentation Overview: Convey key OECD findings about agriculture in Brazil and China;  Identify the key results of policy reform;  Present implications for the future.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Brazil; China; OECD; Canadian Agriculture and Food International; CAFI Program; Economic development; Policy reform; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52069

Public expenditures and agricultural productivity growth in Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benin,   Samuel; Mogues,   Tewodaj; Cudjoe,   Godsway; Randriamamonjy,   Josee.
Using district- and regional-level public expenditure data and household-level production data, this paper estimates the agricultural productivity returns to different types of public expenditure across various agro-ecological zones of Ghana. The results reveal that provision of various public goods and services in the agricultural, education, health and rural roads sectors have substantial impact on agricultural productivity. A one percent increase in public spending on agriculture is associated with a 0.15 percent increase in agricultural labor productivity, with a benefit-cost ratio of 16.8. Spending on feeder roads ranks second (with a benefit-cost ratio of 5), followed by health (about one hundredth of the value). Formal education was negatively...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Development; Ghana; Public Spending and Investments; International Development; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51634

Euroregion’s "mission" and the success of the Lisbon strategy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Greta,   Maria; Lewandowski,   Krzysztof.
The article presents how Euroregions contribute to the execution of Lisbon Strategy’s objectives to ensure its positive outcomes. As „special” regions, Euroregion are the embodiment of entrepreneurship and they strive to be competitive. Because the Lisbon Strategy emphasised entrepreneurship-based competitiveness, especially the competitiveness of the SME sector, Euroregions, representing “natural entrepreneurship” and a basis for SME development, carried out their “mission” in line with the Lisbon Strategy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Region; Cross-border region; Euroregion; Entrepreneurship; Lisbon Strategy.; International Development; Public Economics; H79; R58.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95930

Working paper: Literature Review of Approaches to Estimate Structural Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zimmermann,   Andrea; Heckelei,   Thomas; Perez Dominguez,   Ignacio.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9304

Modelling Corruption in a Cobb-Douglas Production Function Framework
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farida,   Moe; Ahmadi-Esfahani,   Fredoun Z.
In this paper, we extend the Solow growth model to include corruption as a determinant of the multifactor productivity using a Cobb-Douglas production function framework. In addition to the classical components of any growth model (output, labor, capital), we incorporate corruption as a determinant of government expenditure, investment and foreign aid. It is proposed that output and growth are influenced by the level of corruption. This model is to be tested empirically to trace the corruptive behaviour in Lebanon based on the available time series data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Corruption; Economic growth; Investment; Government expenditure; Foreign aid; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10400

Tourism as a Contributor to the Economic Diversification and Development of Small States: Its Strengths, Weaknesses and Potential for Brunei
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brunei; Tourism; Economic diversification; Globalisation; Economics of small states; Unfavourable environmental consequences; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90514

Assessment of the effectiveness of maize seed assistance to vulnerable farm households in Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Langyintuo,   Augustine S.; Setimela,   Peter S.
The publication describes outcomes of a study to assess the effectiveness of a large-scale crop seed relief effort in Zimbabwe during 2003-07. Aims of the effort, which was supported by the British Department for International Development (DfID) and coordinated by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) regional office in Harare, included broader diffusion of open-pollinated maize varieties (OPVs), as opposed to hybrids. Based on the findings of the study, the authors recommend that, to increase benefits to vulnerable groups, participants in such efforts should effectively disseminate information on selecting and recycling seed, supported by training and field demonstrations, and should target relatively well-endowed farmers initially. Recommendations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Technical aid; Farm income; Food production; Maize; Open pollination; Hybrids; Zimbabwe; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7655

Microeconomic Approaches to Development: Schooling, Learning, and Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
I illustrate the variety of approaches to development issues microeconomists employ, focusing on studies that illuminate and quantify the major mechanisms posited by growth theorists who highlight the role of education in fostering growth. I begin with a basic issue: what are the returns to schooling? I discuss microeconomic studies that estimate schooling returns  using alternative approaches to estimating wage equations, which require assumptions that are unlikely to be met in low-income countries, looking at inferences based on how education interacts with policy and technological changes in the labor and marriage markets. I then review research addressing whether schooling facilitates learning, or merely imparts knowledge, and whether there is social...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Schooling; Development; Growth; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; O11; O15; O33; J24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59442

CONVERGENCE CRITERIA AND THEIR FULFILMENT BY THE COUNTRIES OUTSIDE THE EURO-ZONE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nagy,   Henrietta; Kaposzta,   Jozsef.
In order to ensure the sustainable convergence required for the achievement of economic and monetary union (EMU), the Treaty sets five convergence criteria which must be met by each Member State before it can take part in the third stage of EMU and hence before it can adopt the euro. Compliance is checked on the basis of reports produced by the Commission and the European Central Bank (ECB). The criteria are: • government finances (the Commission when drawing up its annual recommendation to the Council of Finance Ministers examines compliance with budgetary discipline on the basis of the following two criteria): o the ratio of annual government deficit to gross domestic product must not exceed 3% at the end of the preceding financial year...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Economic and monetary union; New member countries; Analyses; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43186

Population and Health Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schultz,   T. Paul.
The literature evaluating population and health policies is in flux, with many disciplines exploring biological and behavioral linkages from fetal development to chronic disease, disability, and late life mortality.  The focus here is on research methods, findings, and questions that economists can clarify regarding the causal relationships between economic development, health outcomes, and reproductive behavior, which operate in many directions. The connection between conditions under which people live and their expected life span and health status refer to “health production functions”.  The relationships between an individual’s stock of health and productivity, well being, and life span encompasses the “returns to health human capital”.  The control of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Health; Fertility and Family Planning; Biology of Health Human Capital; Economic Development; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Public Economics; D13; I18; J13; O12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52224

Economic Development and Food Demand Changes: Production and Management Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rask,   Norman; Rask,   Kolleen.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24266

Incentives and Constraints in the Transformation of Punjab Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McGuirk,   Anya M.; Mundlak,   Yair.
The introduction of modern crops varieties in the mid-1960s caused a dramatic change, known as the “green revolution”, in agricultural production in Asia, as elsewhere. However, in spite of their yields, the process of adoption of these varieties has taken a long time, and even today traditional varieties are still widely grown. Various reasons, such as imperfect information, uncertainty, inadequate human capital, and institutional constraints, have been given for this slow diffusion. This research during 1960-79 emphasizes the role of economic incentives and resource availability in determining the pace of technology adoption.   Only three years after their introduction, the modern wheat varieties accounted for 70 percent of the wheat area in Punjab....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Economic aspects; India; Punjab; International Development.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42125

Socioeconomic Analysis of the Roles of Agriculture in Morocco
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moussoui,   Mohamed.
The study conducted in morocco, within FAO/ROA project, showed that agriculture, while being affected by exogenous natural conditions and macroeconomic factors, contributes significantly to environmental amenities, poverty alleviation, social viability and national culture. The analysis of environmental roles showed an asymmetry of information in favor of negative externalities. However, agriculture provides positive externalities as demonstrated through the economic evaluation of three cases concerning landscape beautification, agro tourism and animal biodiversity conservation. Poverty has been exacerbated in depth, volume and severity and remains a rural phenomenon with a visible concentration in areas characterized by limited land endowments, low...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9523

DIVERSIFICATION OF RURAL TOURISM   TROUGH PARTNERSHIP APPROACHES IN EASTERN EUROPE DESTINATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stankova, Mariva.
The societies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) contain many and diverse rural cultures which present myriad opportunities for small-scale, high income, locally controlled tourism generation. The negative impact of political and economic change has often been significant in the region’s rural areas. But with spatially and structurally dynamic mix of mass and specialist markets to target, there are increasing opportunities for rural attractions to act as a basic resource for tourism organized and sustained through locally owned small enterprises.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: New opportunities; Sustainable tourism development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; L25; L83.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92354

Enhancing Sustainable Development of Diverse Agriculture in Viet Nam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anh,   Dao The; Thinh,   Le Duc; Bihn,   Vu Trong.
The objective of the study is to investigate the socio-economic impacts of recent developments in the regional and global economic environment, including trade liberalization on upland agriculture at a village level and identifying constraints to the sustainable development of diversified agriculture, in particular upland agriculture based on CGPRT crops in Viet Nam.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Diversification; Food crops; Poverty; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32673

Inadequate Management and Declining Infrastructure: The Critical Recurring Cost Problem Facing Irrigation in Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Easter,   K. William.
This report reviews the recurring costs situation for irrigation in Asia. These are the costs associated with project operation and maintenance (O&amp;M). As is well documented in the literature many developing countries have neglected project O&amp;M which has resulted in a rapid depreciation of past irrigation investments (Carruthers, 1981). Irrigation systems fail to irrigate their planned or projected command areas and after a few years parts of the systems no longer function (Wade, 1975). The problem is that there are too few farmer or government agency incentives which foster investment of capital and human resources in O&amp;M and assure that irrigation projects operate at a high level of performance over a long period of time. For example, there is...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6923

Antidumping: Positions, negotiations, and Relevance for Syria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babili,   Mahmoud.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Anti-dumping; WTO; Syria; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59370

Military-led Agribusiness Development Teams: An Agricultural Development and Stability Strategy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peck,   Eric; Kemmet,   Lynndee.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103950

On the Role of Government in Food Staples Markets: Perspectives from   Recent Research and Implications for Mozambique
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tostao,   Emilio; Tschirley,   David L.
This brief reviews results of applied research regarding the role of government in staple food markets in East and Southern Africa. The purpose of the brief is to draw lessons for Mozambique as it decides how to use the grain storage silos it has been building since 2009. The authors suggest that: Mozambique is in an unusually strong position to take advantage of private sector activity to stabilize prices over time and space; Additional investment in road and rail infrastructure, incentives, and institutions, would help bring down transaction costs and allow private action to further stabilize prices; Additional stabilization, for those times when Mozambique has to rely on imports from the world market beyond what they normally make, could be obtained in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Marketing; Q18; Q13; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62154

Impact of Land Reforms on Human Capital Formation: Household Level Evidence from West Bengal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deininger,   Klaus W.; Jin,   Songqing; Yadav,   Vandana.
Land reforms in India were aimed at securing access to land for poor rural households. We use data from West Bengal to highlight the impact of the state’s 1978 land reform program on human capital accumulation within the beneficiary households. The results from the study indicate that reform positively impacted the decision to invest in education. We ascertain a highly significant positive effect on long-term accumulation of human capital, and find that the size of benefit was modest in first generation and much larger for second generation beneficiaries. The second generation also does not have a gender bias, allowing women to catch up in their levels of education.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Human Capital; Impact Evaluation; Land Reforms; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49969

Can financial development cause productive inefficiency?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Khanzhyn,   Viktor.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61407

Making Markets for Development Rights Work: What Determines Demand?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kopits,   Elizabeth; McConnell,   Virginia D.; Walls,   Margaret.
Many economists see current land use patterns as inefficient due to various market failures, and planners argue that current patterns do not follow sound planning practice. One policy of interest to both groups is transferable development rights (TDR). TDRs allow the development rights from land that is preserved in an undeveloped state to be transferred to other areas where development can be made denser. This paper addresses one of the greatest difficulties TDR programs face-insufficient demand. We develop a simple theoretical model and estimate a TDR demand function using data from Calvert County, Maryland, one of the only regions where data on individual sales are available. We find that baseline zoning is a critical determinant of TDR demand- demand...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: TDRs; Density; Zoning; Subdivisions; International Development; R14; R52; R21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10880

DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL E INOVAÇÃO NO SEMI-ÁRIDO BRASILEIRO SEGUNDO OS TERRITORIOS DE IDENTIDADE E OS EMPREENDIMENTOS ECONÔMICOS SOLIDARIOS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Machado,   Gustavo Bittencourt.
Este artigo tem o objetivo de discutir o tema do desenvolvimento do semi-árido, particularmente, o do Estado da Bahia, a partir das demandas específicas dos territórios de identidade, e em temas como ciência e tecnologia, e colocar, como condição deste processo, as estratégias dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários, que constituem o tecido social do meio rural e do semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil. Os resultados baseiam-se em pesquisas realizadas no estado da Bahia, mas que, necessariamente, reportam-se aos demais sertões semi-áridos brasileiros. Ao final, propõem-se algumas diretrizes de políticas de ciência e tecnologia que contemplem as perspectivas dos territórios de identidade e dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Semi-árido; Políticas públicas; Desenvolvimento; Territórios de identidade; Semi-arid; Public policies; Development; Identity territories; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109653

Covariate Shocks and Rural Poverty in Burkina Faso
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sakurai,   Takeshi; Savadogo,   Kimseyinga.
The civil war in Côte d’Ivoire has caused an increase in household size due to returnees and a decrease in remittance received in rural Burkina Faso.  This paper, taking advantage of a rare dataset covering the covariate shocks caused by the Ivorian Crisis, examines empirically the impact of such shocks on households’ welfare in rural Burkina Faso.      It is found that the number of working-age returnees increases household cropped area: one working-age returnees increase 0.64 ha of cropped area and that the decrease of remittance from Côte d’Ivoire increases non-agricultural income: 1 FCFA reduction of remittance increases 0.78 FCFA of non-agricultural income.  In spite of those coping behaviors, this paper demonstrates that the households do not fully...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Covariate shocks; Poverty; Remittance; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51722

SOURCES OF AGRICULTURAL GROWTH IN JAPAN, 1880-1965
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Akino,   Masakatsu; Hayami,   Yujiro.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13486

Economic Development in the Agricultural and Industrial Sectors in the People's Republic of China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lin,   Jinding; Koo,   Won W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23197

Understanding Foreign Direct Investment in the Southern African Development Community: An Analysis Based on Project-Level Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mhlanga,   Nomathemba; Blalock,   Garrick; Christy,   Ralph D.
This paper uses a uniquely rich project-level dataset to analyze determinants and trends of FDI flows to the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region.  We control for the source of the investment, the sector in which the investment is undertaken, and the investment type in addition to project size.  The results indicate market size to have a positive impact on FDI flows under all specifications- a result consistent with earlier studies.  Other variables are unstable depending on specification and the subset of the data used.  Furthermore, we find no significant differences in factors that drive FDI flows by source country, while greenfield investments are seen to respond more to the growth potential of the market relative to other forms of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Foreign Direct Investment; Determinants; Africa; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; F23; O55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51632

GROWTH UNCERTAINTY AND RISKSHARING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Athanasoulis,   Stefano; van Wincoop,   Eric.
How large are potential benefits from global risksharing?  In order to answer this question we propose a new methodology that is closely connected with the empirical growth literature.  We obtain estimates of residual risk (growth uncertainty) at various horizons from regressions of country-specific growth in deviation from world growth on a wide set of variables in the information set.  Since this residual risk can be entirely hedged through risksharing, we use it to obtain a measure of the potential welfare gain for a representative country.  We find that nations can reap very large benefits from engaging in such risksharing arrangements.  Using post-war data, the gain for a 35-year horizon, corresponding to an equivalent permanent increase in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18194

The Dairy Sector of India: a Country Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jesse,   Edward V.; Dobson,   William D.; Armentano,   Louis E.; Olson,   Norman F.; Sharma,   Vijay Paul.
In the third in depth country study, the Babcock Institute study team discusses India’s dairy sector.  India is an interesting case study because it has the world’s second largest population making it the world’s largest milk-producing country.  The country’s main system of dairy productions involves a smallholder production system in which most of the milk produced is consumed on the farm or distributed through informal channels.  This system of production, combined with Indian policies that encourage self-sufficiency and restrict dairy imports, leaves much unused potential in the Indian dairy market.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: India Dairy Market; India Trade Policy; Smallholder Production System; Indian Milk Production; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37353

Socio-economic reforms of the 1920s as a preparation for the forthcoming «agrarian radicalism»
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kadisova,   Roza.
The article considers socio-economic reforms of the 1920s in Kazakhstan as a preparation for the  forthcoming «agrarian radicalism». Historiography still does not give any distinct conclusions on the question, whether the socio-economical reforms of the 1920s years allayed the problem of inequality in the aul. The author calls for a wider perception spectrum of the so-called Soviet experience of modernization the agrarian sphere of Kazakhstan.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Socio-economic reforms; Agrarian; Radicalism; Modernization; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; N01; N55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94549

Staple Food Consumption Patterns in Urban Zambia: Results from the 2007/2008 Urban Consumption Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
After two decades of de-urbanization, Zambia is again becoming increasingly urban. While the urban share of the population fell to 35% in 2000 due primarily to the decline of the copper industry, over half of Zambia’s people will be residing in urban areas by 2040. Given this urbanization trajectory, to be effective, policies to promote smallholder agriculture and improved urban food marketing system performance in Zambia will need to take into consideration the demand patterns of urban food consumers. Urban consumption patterns will increasingly determine the opportunities available to small-scale farmers. Accurate information on urban consumer preferences can also help identify key leverage points and investment priorities to improve the performance of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Food security; Africa; Zambia; Consumption urban; Staple foods; Survey; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56803

Globalization Equity and Justice in Small Nation States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jolly,   Curtis M.; Bayard,   Budry; Ligeon,   Carel; Keefe,   Alison M.
The effects of globalization on smaller nation Caribbean states have not been thoroughly examined, and the trade performance of these states has not been evaluated since the WTO came into existence. In this paper, we report on a study that conducted a comparative analysis of selected Caribbean nation states with other countries at different stages of development to determine their levels of performance from 1990 to 1995, the period before the WTO began full operation, and the period 1996 to 2002, the period after globalization. The selected Caribbean countries were Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, and Suriname. The measures for comparison are changes in GDP per capita, capital investment as a percentage of GDP, foreign direct...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Caribbean states; Regression analysis; Globalization; Equity.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36800

Weather Vulnerability, Climate Change, and Food Security in Mt. Kilimanjaro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Muamba,   Francis; Kraybill,   David S.
This study estimates the impact of rainfall variation on livelihood in Mt. Kilimanjaro using the Ricardian approach to capture farmers’ adaptation strategies to cope with climate change risks. The data for the analysis were gathered from a random sample of over 200 households in 15 villages and precipitation from rainfall observation posts placed in each of the surveyed villages. The precipitation data provide information on the effect of moisture at critical months in the growing season. Due to prevalence of intercropping among local farmers, the present study develops a multivariate model that assumes endogeneity between crop yields.  Doing so allows the study to capture adaptation strategies that smallholders use by diversifying farm portfolio. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Precipitation Variability; Food Security; Irrigation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q1; Q5.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61655

Can the FISP More Effectively Achieve Food Production and Poverty Reduction Goals?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burke,   William J.; Jayne,   Thomas S.; Sitko,   Nicholas J.
Despite being framed as a key component of the nation’s poverty reduction strategy, evidence suggests that inputs distributed under Zambia’s Farmer Input Support Programme (FISP) tend to be targeted to the least poor rural households.
Tipo: Technical Report
Palavras-chave: Food Policy; Poverty; Food Security; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123208

Security Analysis for Agroterrorism: Applying the Threat, Vulnerability, Consequence Framework to Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Linacre,   Nicholas A.; Koo,   Bonwoo; Rosegrant,   Mark W.; Msangi,   Siwa; Falck-Zepeda,   Jose Benjamin; Gaskell,   Joanne; Komen,   John; Cohen,   Marc J.; Birner,   Regina.
In some developing countries the potential exists for agroterrorism to cause widespread disruption through loss of sustenance, income and production. Defense of agriculture may also be problematic because of the lack stability and basic biosecurity infrastructure for the detection and prevention of diseases or invasive species. Currently new methodological approaches for terrorism risk assessments are being actively explored for resource prioritization. One such methodology for risk based allocation of resources is Threat, Vulnerability, and Consequence (TVC) Analysis. A qualitative application of the TVC framework is used to analyze the risk of agroterrorism in developing countries relative to industrialized countries. The analysis suggests that evidence...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agroterrorism; Terrorism risk analysis; Biosecurity; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59238

Economic Loss to the Brazilian Regions Due to the Doha Round Failure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pereira,   Matheus Wemerson Gomes; Teixeira,   Erly Cardoso; Gurgel,   Angelo Costa.
We build a database and model to develop general equilibrium analysis of the Brazilian economy at the level of the five macro regions. The model is multiregional at global level as also at the Brazilian level. The project is coupled to the GTAP model through disaggregation of the original Brazilian input-output matrix and trade flows and follows the GTAPinGAMS structure and syntax to generate the General Equilibrium Analysis Project for the Brazilian Economy (PAEG).  The regional database is that of the GTAP version 6 and represent the 2001 world economy.  We aggregate the data in seven regions plus the five Brazilian sub-regions and nineteen commodities/sectors to apply the scenario Doha Round to determine the probable losses to the Brazilian regions from...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Brazilian regions; General equilibrium; Agribusiness; Trade liberalization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F13; F15; Q17.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53247

Institutional Gaps: The Argentine Restriction on Agricultural Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alvarado Ledesma,   M.; Goldsmith,   Peter D.
The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by IFAMA. www.ifama.org
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Argentina; Agribusiness; Institutions; Business environment; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy; International Development; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Q.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120864

End Materials
Provedor de dados: 31
Includes:  JAAE Manuscript Submission Guidelines; Back Cover; Southern Agricultural Economics Association Executive Committee; Membership and Subscription Information
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104613

The Engendered Spaces in the Village  at the Edge of the Capital:  A Case Study of Al Gharaza/Sudan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badri,   Balghis; Knuth,   Hardine.
This research is the outcome of fieldwork undertaken between November 2002 and 2003 in Al Gharaza village part of Khartoum State - the Sudan capital. The study focuses on identifying how spaces and times are interrelated and engendered. The forces that impact the creation of boundaries or those that direct change are analysed. How women’s boundaries and spaces are defined and their interaction with them and bringing about new arrangements for spaces is discussed. How time is used, division of labour engendered, time conceptualized are highlighted. It is found that tradition and customs of exclusiveness as a value create a siege binding women spaces within the village and impact on their use of time: education is an important force that manages to crack the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Sudan; Women in rural areas; Space and time; Gender specific division of labour; Social change in rural areas; Frauen im ländlichen Raum; Raum und Zeit; Geschlechterspezifische Arbeitsteilung; Sozialer Wandel auf dem Lande; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43095

Food vs. Wood: Dynamic Choices for Kenyan Smallholders
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peralta,   Maria Alexandra; Swinton,   Scott M.
Natural resource management
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agroforestry; Eucalyptus; Food security; Kenya; Linear programming; Smallholder agriculture; Whole farm model; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49401

WHY THE POOR CARE ABOUT PARTIAL VERSUS GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM EFFECTS - PART 1, METHODOLOGY AND COUNTRY CASE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wobst,   Peter.
The paper compares the effects of productivity growth in agriculture in a standard CGE model and an adjusted CGE model with special features in order to replicate partial equilibrium behavior of traded agricultural sectors within a general equilibrium framework. The fixed-price, partial equilibrium CGE model shows a strong multiplier effect so that total GDP, factor earnings, and household incomes increase with the productivity growth in agriculture. In comparison, the standard CGE model generates much more diverse sectoral behavior, stronger trade through shifts in the exchange rate, and a less equitable income distribution among farm and non-farm households.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CGE; Partial Equilibrium; Southern Africa; Tanzania; International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16283

Staple food prices in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chapoto,   Antony; Govereh,   Jones; Haggblade,   Steven; Jayne,   Thomas S.
Prepared for the COMESA policy seminar on “Variation in staple food prices: Causes, consequence, and policy options”, Maputo, Mozambique, 25-26 January 2010 under the Comesa-MSU-IFPRI African Agricultural Marketing Project (AAMP)
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Food prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Q11; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58556

Patterns and Trends in Food Staples Markets in Eastern and Southern Africa:   Toward the Identification of Priority Investments and Strategies for Developing Markets and Promoting Smallholder Productivity Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Mason,   Nicole M.; Myers,   Robert J.; Ferris,   John N.; Mather,   David; Beaver,   Margaret; Lenski,   Natalie; Chapoto,   Antony; Boughton,   Duncan.
Accurate information on farmer and consumer behavior is the foundation for  Identifying public investments and policies that can effectively promote national food security and income growth objectives. This report synthesizes recent findings on smallholder crop  marketing behavior and urban consumption patterns in Eastern and Southern Africa, and their implications for public sector investments and policies to promote smallholder incomes and national food security.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Africa; Smallholder markets; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Marketing; Q14; Q13; Q12; Q11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62148

UMA REVISITA AO TEMA DAS FUNÇÕES DA AGRICULTURA NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conceicao,   Junia Cristina Peres Rodrigues Da; Conceicao,   Pedro Henrique Zuchi Da.
O trabalho tem como objetivo discutir as funções da agricultura no processo de desenvolvimento econômico do país. São relembrados textos clássicos que discutem esta questão como os de Jonhston &amp; Mellor, Hayami &amp; Ruttan, Schultz, De Janvry e são introduzidas questões contemporâneas acerca dos papéis da agricultura no processo de desenvolvimento.---------------------------------------------The paper aims to discuss the roles of Agricultural in the development process of a country. Some classical texts are remembered as Jonhston &amp; Mellor, Hayami &amp; Ruttan, Schultz, De Janvry besides this some contemporaneous questions about the development are also put in discussion.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109973

A 1998 SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX (SAM) FOR THAILAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Jennifer Chung-I.
This paper documents the features of a 1998 social accounting matrix (SAM) for Thailand. It begins with a description of the overall economy both via a macro SAM and a national accounts balance sheet. The macro SAM was the result of aggregating a micro SAM; a mapping of the final micro SAM to the macro SAM is presented. The micro SAM was a modified version of a SAM obtained from the Thai Development Research Institute (TDRI). The paper describes the modification process in detail. The original dataset obtained from TDRI was a 'balanced' matrix. The converted SAM, after the modification, was still balanced. It was therefore unnecessary to apply any balancing procedure. The final 1998 micro SAM for Thailand has 61 sectors, 3 household types, and 3 factors...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16305

The minimis aid, a possible alternative for supplementing the budgets of SMEes for enhancing competitiveness through the capacity of innovation - the Romanian case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tudor,   Florin.
The latest Scoreboard of the European Commission regarding the state aid shows that the Member States are using increasingly more opportunities offered by EU rules on state aid. This paper comes to clarify the benefits of accessing the minimis aid by traders, as capital contributions, guarantees, risk capital measures in the innovation process, to create a new product, introducing a new method of manufacturing, entering in a new market or creating a new market, calling for a new raw material.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; The minimis aid; Financial crisis; Competitiveness.; International Development; G38; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94637

The Great Financial Crisis, Commodity Prices and Environmental Limits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lopez,   Ramon E.
This paper examines how certain new structural factors have contributed to the latest great financial crisis and world recession of 2008-09. We focus on three of these structural factors: (i) the incorporation of highly populated countries into the growth process; (ii) The increasing scarcity of the environment and certain natural resources; (iii) the unprecedented concentration of wealth and income in the advanced economies over the last three decades. These structural changes have significantly tightened the links between world growth and commodity prices, have made the world commodity supply to become increasingly inelastic, and have made growth to become more dependent on lax monetary policies, respectively. All this may make the recovery from the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51987

On trade efficiency in the Ethiopian agricultural markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quattri,   Maria A.
The availability of enabling institutions, information systems and infrastructure is a precondition to enhance agricultural markets’ efficiency, and make market actors less vulnerable to price instability. This paper investigates whether the focus on institutional and technological upgrading is enough to make Ethiopian agricultural markets more efficient. In particular, given that a requirement for exchange efficiency is the lack of unexploited mutually beneficial spatial arbitrage opportunities, we look for evidence of increasing returns to transaction size and returns to scale in transport using detailed trader surveys collected in 2001 and 2007. Whilst transport costs could be reduced by assembling loads and avoiding trans-shipments for the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Market efficiency; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; Q13.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122512

The Evaluation of the Impacts of Title II Monetization Programs for Wheat and Crude Edible Oils in Mozambique, 1997-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donovan,   Cynthia; Zavale,   Helder; Tschirley,   David L.
From 1997-2007, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Title II monetization programs sold more than US$200 million of food aid wheat and unrefined vegetable oils in Mozambique. This research has three objectives: 1) to document the lessons learned from past monetization programs in Mozambique; 2) to identify the intended and unintended effects of monetization in Mozambique; and 3) to document indirect successes as a result of using monetization in Mozambique, if any. Monetization programs in Mozambique prior to 1997 demonstrated positive effects on market development and contributed to food security in a critical period. During later periods, the monetized food aid displayed the negative effects of uncoordinated food aid deliveries...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Africa; Mozambique; Monetization; Title II; Wheat; Edible oils; Emergency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q19.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56800

Can Bt Technology Reduce Poverty Among African Cotton Growers?  An Ex Ante Analysis of the Private and Social Profitability of Bt Cotton Seed in Mozambique.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitoro,   Raul; Walker,   Thomas S.; Tschirley,   David L.; Swinton,   Scott M.; Boughton,   Duncan; de Marrule,   Higino Francisco.
This paper presents an ex ante analysis of the private and social profitability of the introduction of Bt cotton for a major cotton producing area of northern Mozambique.   Cotton is especially relevant to rural poverty reduction because smallholders often have few alternative cash earning activities, and yields are among the lowest in Africa.  Multivariate regression is used to quantify the relationship between pest control and yield loss at farm level as a basis for estimating the expected yield gain from the introduction of Bt cotton.  Partial budget analysis of technical packages with and without Bt cotton seed reveals a strong divergence between private (negative) and social (positive) profitability.  The Mozambique case indicates that effective...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Social profitability; Poverty reduction; Mozambique; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51633

Agricultural Productivity Growth in Africa: Is Efficiency Catching-up or Lagging Behind?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mugera,   Amin W.; Ojede,   Andrew.
Recent empirical studies on agricultural productivity growth in African countries have produced mixed results; some find that uptake of new technology (technical progress) is the main source of total factor productivity growth while others point to improved use of existing technology (efficiency catch-up). This study tests for efficiency catch-up in the agricultural productivity of 33 African countries from 1966 to 2001. We use recent advances in data envelopment analysis (DEA) to generate standard and bootstrap bias corrected technical efficiency scores. In general, we find no evidence of efficiency catching-up. The standard DEA overestimated the efficiency scores of some countries due to small sample bias.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Efficiency Catch-up; Bootstrap DEA; Africa; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100687

Croatia's EU accession: socio-economic assessment of farm households and policy recommendations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mollers,   Judith; Zier,   Patrick; Frohberg,   Klaus; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Bojnec,   Stefan.
Croatia is very close to meeting the requirements necessary for becoming a member of the European Union (EU). On February 6, 2008, the European Enlargement Commissioner Olli Rehn said that accession negotiations with Croatia are moving ahead well. As in all new member states (NMS), the agricultural sector and food processing chain are core issues within the negotiation process. Successful negotiation requires intimate knowledge of the issue at hand, including the socio-economic situation and the fears and strategies of the stakeholders, particularly small-scale farmers. This report attempts to close some of these knowledge gaps by reviewing Croatia’s rural development dynamics and farm structures, as well as agricultural and rural policies. Based on an...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Croatia; Rural development; EU accession; Slovenia; Farm households; Competitiveness; Agricultural policy; CAP; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; O18; O13; O12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53665

Agricultura, Cambio Tecnológico y Medio Ambiente en América Latina: Una Perspectiva para el Año 2020
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trigo,   Eduardo J.
En marzo de 1995, como parte de la iniciativa Visión 2020 del Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones sobre Políticas Alimentarias (IFPRI), este Instituto, junto con el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) y el Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA), patrocinaron un seminario sobre cuestiones de interés para América Latina. La iniciativa apuntaba a desarrollar una visión compartida y un consenso respecto a una acción destinada a satisfacer las necesidades alimentarias mundiales futuras y, al mismo tiempo, reducir la pobreza y proteger el medio ambiente en los países en vías de desarrollo. En este documento, encomendado para el seminario, Eduardo Trigo analiza el rol de la tecnología en la reversión de las...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42281

Hog Insurance Adoption and Suppliers' Discrimination: A Bivariate Probit Model with Partial Observability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cao,   Ying; Zhang,   Yuehua.
This paper explores the factors that impact insurance choices. Specially designed survey questions allow one to fully observe the demand tendency by the farmers and partially observe the supply tendency by the insurance company. A joint estimation of insurance decision by both supply and demand sides suggested that factors performing different roles in affecting insurance participation game. Farmer’s age and education have positive impact on insurance demand, but are indifference to the insurance providers. Insurance suppliers care more about farmers’ experience in the field, but this experience occasionally results in overconfidence for the farmers and hence, impedes insurance purchasing. Production scales, proxy by sow inventory, is put more weight by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock Insurance Choices; Bivariate Probit; Partial Observability; Agribusiness; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; C35; D13; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103158

Improving Agricultural Irrigation on the Balkhab River, Afghanistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reeling,   Carson J.; Mitchell,   Peter; Halimi,   Ghulam Hazrat; Lee,   John G.; Carver,   Andrew.
In Afghanistan, where 80% of the population is rural, irrigated agriculture is important for satisfying subsistence needs. While most of the irrigated agriculture is fed by diversion canal systems which tap surface flows, legal and physical water infrastructure in the region is generally poor. A math programming model is used to optimize irrigation strategies under different water-availability and policy scenarios. It is found that the construction of a reservoir could increase net revenues to a representative farming community by up to 30%. However, even greater benefits may result from increasing distribution efficiencies, depending on the initial level of conveyance losses. Further, property rights schemes may be implemented to distribute wealth more...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Linear programming; Irrigation; Afghanistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60741

INFORMATION AND CONSULTING SERVICE IN AGRICULTURE OF RUSSIA – A CASE STUDY FROM OMSKAYA OBLAST
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ivachnenko,   Oksana; Lissitsa,   Alexej.
The aim of the following "Discussions Paper" is to present the organisation and tasks of the current consulting service in Russian agriculture exemplified on Omskaya Oblast. Also, the structure of German advisory service in agriculture is described. German consulting service is especially interesting because of transition process in Eastern German Länder from plan to market economy and establishment of new market institutions in agricultural sector. As a new instrument for agricultural consulting service the Data Envelopment Analysis is presented.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural consulting; Data Envelopment Analysis; Efficiency; Landwirtschaftliche Beratung; Effizienz; Информационно-консультационная служба; Анализ Оболочки Данных; Эффективность.; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; International Development; Q13; Q15; Q16.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92023

“Poor stays poor” - Household asset poverty traps in rural semi-arid India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Naschold,   Felix.
Although identifying the existence and the nature of household-level poverty traps would have important implications for the design of poverty reduction policies empirical evidence is still scant.  A small, but growing empirical literature has begun testing for poverty traps as thresholds in non-linear welfare dynamics. Employing a variety of quantitative methods it has produced a variety of conclusions.  This paper uses a uniquely long household panel from three villages in rural India to examine whether the detection of poverty traps may be contingent on the quantitative method used to model household welfare dynamics. It then employs a novel semiparametric panel data estimator that combines the advantages of the existing methods. Since in the context of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Household Welfare Dynamics; Semiparametric Estimation; Penalized Splines; India; Panel Data; Asset Poverty; International Development; I32; C14; O12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49396

Optimal Dynamic Management of Agricultural Land-Uses: An Application of Regime Switching
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doole,   Graeme J.; Hertzler,   Greg.
The capacity of global agricultural production to meet increased demand for food from population growth and wealth accumulation is threatened by extensive land degradation. Nonetheless, previous research has focused primarily on the dynamic implications of input management and ignored land-use choice. This paper extends this theory through an examination of the intertemporal management of agricultural land through the use of non-crop inputs, such as fertilizer, and land uses that either degrade or restore productivity. The need to consider the relative total asset value of alternative crops over time is demonstrated. Moreover, higher output prices for degrading crops are shown to increase their relative value, motivating the later adoption of substitutes....
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Crop sequences; Land degradation; Regime switching; International Development; Production Economics; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100643

The Dynamics of Service Delivery and Agricultural Development in India – A District Level Analysis –
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raabe,   Katharina.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114783

Measuring the Impact of Public and Private Assets on Household Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56805

Finance and Cluster-Based Industrial Development in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruan,   Jianqing; Zhang,   Xiaobo.
The traditional literature emphasizes the causal role of finance in promoting industrial growth. China’s rapid industrialization over the past several decades, which has occurred in the absence of well-functioning financial markets, seems to defy the conventional wisdom. By studying a cashmere sweater cluster in China, this paper argues that rural industrial clustering, as a new business model, lowers the entry barriers of initial capital investment through the division of labor. Within these clusters, enterprises can often acquire trade credits from upstream or downstream firms and obtain informal financing from friends and relatives, and use these funds to mitigate constraints of working capital. These findings help explain China’s rapid...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrialization; Cluster; Finance; China; Growth; Financial Economics; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42322

Developments in the Dairy Industries of Mexico, Central America, Argentina, and Brazil -- Implications for the U.S. Dairy Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.
The purpose of this Discussion Paper is to evaluate how economic problems and developments in the dairy industries of Mexico, Central America, Argentina, and Brazil will affect the U.S. dairy sector. Mexico, a signatory to the North American Free Trade Agreement, now applies zero tariffs to imports of most U.S. dairy products. Nonfat dry milk (NFDM) is a notable exception; Mexican tariffs on U.S. exports of NFDM will not go to zero until 2008. However, Mexico’s dairy market no longer represents "low hanging fruit" for U.S. dairy exporters. Margins on exports of bulk dairy products to Mexico are razor thin. Nicaragua and other Central American countries are seeking to expand export sales of dry, hard, salty (morolique) cheese to the U.S. Argentina’s...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Diary Industry of Mexico; Dairy Industry of Brazil; Dairy Industry of Argentina; Dairy Industry of Central America; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37616

Staple Food Consumption Patterns in Urban Zambia: Results from the 2007/2008 Urban Consumption Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mason,   Nicole M.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
• The Zambia Urban Consumption Survey, a survey of 1,865 urban households in Lusaka, Kitwe, Mansa, and Kasama, was conducted in August 2007 and February 2008 by the Central Statistical Office in collaboration with the Zambia Food Security Research Project. • Survey results indicate that in Lusaka and Kitwe, wheat has overtaken maize as the most important staple in terms of urban consumer expenditures. Maize is no longer the dominant staple food in urban Zambia, except among the poor. This finding is consistent with broader regional trends toward declining dependence on maize for urban staple food needs. • Hammer-milling services are readily available to the vast majority of urban households and in most cases their cheapest maize meal option is to obtain...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Consumption; Household; Urban; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56810

Does use of ICT-based market information services (MIS) improve  welfare of smallholder farm households: Evidence from Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okello,   Julius Juma.
The need to provide agricultural information to farmers has led to emergence of numerous ICT-based MIS projects in developing country. These projects aim at promoting commercialization of smallholder agriculture and subsequently their welfare. This study examines the welfare effects of one such project in western Kenya. It uses household food security and access to medical health services as proxies of welfare. The study finds that farmers that use ICT-based market information are more food secure and have better access to medical health services than their counterpart. It highlights policy implications of these findings.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Smallholder farmers; Market information service; Mobile phones; Well-being; Kenya; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61251

BEDOUIN, JEWS, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR CO-DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEGEV DESERT: DIFFICULT RESEARCH LESSONS FROM ISRAEL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelberg,   Charles R.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13535

Choices under Risk in Rural Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Galarza,   Francisco B.
This paper estimates the risk preferences of cotton farmers in Southern Peru, using the results from a multiple-price-list lottery game. Assuming that preferences conform to two of the leading models of decision under risk. Expected Utility Theory (EUT) and Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) -- we find strong evidence of moderate risk aversion. Once we include individual characteristics in the estimation of risk parameters, we observe that farmers use subjective nonlinear probability weighting, a behavior consistent with CPT. Interestingly, when we allow for preference heterogeneity via the estimation of mixture models -- where the proportion of subjects who behave according to EUT or to CPT is endogenously determined -- we find that the majority of farmers’...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92247

Globalisation and Skills for Development in Rwanda and Tanzania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tikly,   Leon; Lowe,   John; Crossley,   M.; Dachi,   Hillary A.; Garrett,   R.M.; Mukabaranga,   Beatrice.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12864

Improved drying of high moisture grains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McLeod,   Ross.
An economic evaluation of three ACIAR projects whose primary objective was to improve postharvest grain drying in Thailand and Australia is provided in this report.  During 1983–1996, ACIAR invested A$1.2 million in research designed to improve grain drying in these countries. Based on current adoption, the investment has resulted in a realised net present value of A$3.6 million. A benefit–cost ratio of 3:1 was estimated for the projects. In other words, for each dollar invested, three dollars of project benefits have resulted. A high proportion of realised benefits was estimated to accrue to Australian rice producers, through reduced grain drying costs, while benefits have also been captured by the Thai rice production industry through reduced postharvest...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Economic evaluation; Australia; Thailand; Postharvest grain drying; Rice; Net present value; Benefit-cost ratio; High impact; Benefits; Grain drying; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47692

Political Persistence, Connections and Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bellettini,   Giorgio; Berti Ceroni,   Carlotta; Prarolo,   Giovanni.
Using data on a panel of 56 democratic countries in the period 1975-2004, we find evidence of a negative association between political stability and economic growth which is stronger and empirically more robust in countries with high bureaucratic costs. Motivated by these results, which contrast with previous contributions, we develop a model of growth with quality improvements where political connections with long-term politicians can be exploited by low-quality producers to defend their monopoly position and prevent innovation and entry of high-quality competitors. This requires that the incumbent politician remains in office and that the red-tape cost advantage granted by political connections is large relative to the quality upgrade related to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Political Persistence; Growth; Innovation; International Development; O43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55828

AGRICULTURAL POLICY INTERVENTIONS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: MAPPING THE NATURE, DEGREE AND PROGRESS OF REFORMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullen,   Kathleen; Sun,   Dongsheng; Thomas,   Marcelle; Orden,   David; Gulati,   Ashok.
Replaced with revised version of paper 07/16/04.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20081

Patterns of Urban Food Consumption and Expenditure in Zambia: An Overview Report Based on the CSO/MACO/FSRP Food Consumption Survey in Urban Areas of Lusaka, Kitwe, Mansa and Kasama, 2007-2008
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hichaambwa,   Munguzwe; Beaver,   Margaret; Chapoto,   Antony; Weber,   Michael T.
Replaced with revised version of paper 06/16/10.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Food security; Urban; Consumption; Zambia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q19.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56802

Successful Transition towards a Virtuous Cycle of Human Development and Economic Growth: Country Studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ranis,   Gustav; Stewart,   Frances.
This paper explores the two-way links between Economic Growth and Human Development by examining the performance of some countries which have been successful in both dimensions and a few which have not.  The specific aim is to examine the historical experience of six countries in order to determine how a system can move to a situation in which improvements in Human Development accompany and support higher rates of growth which, in turn, contribute to further improvements in Human Development as the basic societal objective.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28396

Etude sur la transmission des fluctuations et les prix de parité du riz et du maïs au Mali
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Traore,   Pierre; Diarra,   Salifou Bakary.
Calculation of maize and rice parity prices in Mali.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Mali; Food policy; Markets; Prices; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Marketing; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62165

Rural Poverty and Employment Effects of Bt Cotton in India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Subramanian,   Arjunan; Qaim,   Matin.
The impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on the poor in developing countries is still the subject of controversy. While previous studies have examined direct productivity effects of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton and other GM crops, little is known about wider socioeconomic outcomes. We use a microeconomic modelling approach and comprehensive survey data from India to analyze welfare and distribution effects in a typical village economy. Bt cotton adoption increases aggregate employment with interesting gender implications. Likewise, aggregate household incomes rise, including for poor and vulnerable farmers, highlighting that Bt cotton contributes to poverty reduction and rural development.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified crops; Poverty; Rural development; Village economy; Social accounting matrix; Impacts; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50555

IS PROGRESA WORKING?  SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS OF AN EVALUATION BY IFPRI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Skoufias,   Emmanuel.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16017

LAND REFORM ISSUES IN DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Raup,   Philip M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1975
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/13560

ANALYSIS OF THE ROMANIAN AGRICULTURE IN THE PERIOD OF TRANSITION, BASED ON THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vincze,   Maria-Magdolna; Madaras,   Szilard.
The purpose of this paper is to present the changes occurred during the transition period in the role and place of agriculture in the Romanian economy. The main methodological instruments used are the national Input-Output Tables for 1999-2004 published in the National Accounts. We have also used figures from the Regional Accounts to put into evidence regional differences in total GDP and the GDP of agriculture. Input-Output analysis is an analytical tool recognized as one of the most significant contributions to the economic theory and applications, but rarely used in agricultural economics for quantifying the structural changes of the economic activities. The first part of the paper presents the general equilibrium situation of the Romanian economy and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Input-Output model; Economic activities structures; Regional differences; Impact of the new agricultural policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43191

Water Shortages, Water Allocation and Economic Growth: The Case of China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fang,   Xiangming; Roe,   Terry L.; Smith,   Rodney B.W.
Current projections indicate that by 2025, water scarcity will affect over one quarter of the world’s population. This suggests that the need to manage water more efficiently will become more pressing during the next few years as the demand for water increases along with the expansion of economies and their populations. This paper investigates the economic impacts of efficient intraregional and/or inter-regional water reallocation, and examines their corresponding economic gains. A Ramsey-type growth model of a small, open, competitive economy is fitted to year 2000 Chinese data andthe empirical model is used to perform policy experiments. Within region water reallocation increases per-capita Chinese GDP by about 1.5% per year over the period 2000-2060....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6629

The Role of Private Sector in Agricultural Development: An Executive Interview with Joseph Zed Bahsoon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goldsmith,   Peter D.
The Bennimix Food Co. Ltd., established in 1989 is the only food company currently operating in Sierra Leone, a small country of six million people on Africa’s west coast. They produce Bennimix, which is a complementary porridge made of rice, sesame, pigeon pea, and sugar for children ages 6-24 months. Dr. Bahsoon bought a manufacturing facility in Bo, the second largest city that lies 250 km east of Freetown. The firm although badly looted, survived the long and brutal civil war, and now faces the many challenges of competing with imported food aid products and sourcing a consistent supply of raw grain inputs from over 600 small farmers. IFAMR Executive Editor, Peter Goldsmith recently sat down with Dr. Bahsoon in his offices in Freetown and Bo to discuss...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Sierra Leone; Collaboration; Small holders; Farmers to markets.; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; International Development.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100879

Agricultural Clusters in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kiminami,   Lily; Kiminami,   Akira.
The purpose of this study is to assess the potential of clustering in the development of agriculture and rural communities in China. We shall examine in detail the food industry, which is the link in the food chain that propels the industrialization of agriculture, and identify instances of industrial agglomeration and business collaboration. Next, we shall analyze the externalities (i.e. spillovers) of clusters, demand conditions in cluster formation, and the effectiveness of business collaborations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural clusters; Rural development; Business collaboration; China; Japan; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Public Economics; Q10; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51471

Modeling Pork Supply Response and Price Volatility: The Case of Greece
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rezitis,   Anthony N.; Stavropoulos,   Konstantinos S.
This paper examines the supply response of the Greek pork market. A GARCH process is used to estimate expected price and price volatility, while price and supply equations are estimated jointly. In addition to the standard GARCH model, several different symmetric, asymmetric, and nonlinear GARCH models are estimated. The empirical results indicate that among the estimated GARCH models, the quadratic NAGARCH model seems to better describe producers’ price volatility, which was found to be an important risk factor of the supply response function of the Greek pork market. Furthermore, the empirical findings show that feed price is an important cost factor of the supply response function and that high uncertainty restricts the expansion of the Greek pork...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Asymmetry; GARCH; Pork supply; Price volatility; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; C510; D200; Q110.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48764

Assessing the potential for synergy in the implementation of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) programs: an empirical analysis in Costa Rica
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zhang,   Wei; Pagiola,   Stefano.
Payment for environmental services (PES) is a promising mechanism for conservation. It also has the potential to contribute to social objectives such as poverty reduction. To promote synergy in the implementation of PES, however, a number of conditions on spatial, economic, ecological, and institutional feasibilities are essential. This study discusses factors affecting the synergy prospect of PES and provides a simple framework for assessing the potential for synergy in the implementation of PES, focusing on spatial correlation of thematic areas and funding availability for payments. We apply the framework to an empirical analysis of the “water funding” in Costa Rica, a new conservation financing source generated by water tariff revenue and will be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Payment for Environmental Services (PES); Synergy; Poverty reduction; Watershed conservation; Biodiversity conservation; Costa Rica; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51794

The Dairy Sector of Brazil: A Country Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dobson,   William D.; Jesse,   Edward V.; Reis,   Ronaldo Braga.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91359

Efficiency analysis of producers’ organizations (Case of South Eastern and Central planning regions of Bulgaria)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zaimova,   Darina.
The main aim of this paper is to compare two alternative methods for estimating frontier functions and measuring efficiency in production. The application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) to the same data panel provides insights in estimating technical efficiency of producers’ organizations in selected regions in Bulgaria.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: DEA; SFA; Technical efficiency; Frontier production; Farm efficiency; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; C14; C23; C51; C61; C67; D24.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94636

Relationship Between Trade Liberalisation, Economic Growth and Trade Balance: An Econometric Investigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parikh,   Ashok; Stirbu,   Corneliu.
This is a study of 42 developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America in which we first examine the impact of trade liberalisation on economic growth, investment share of GDP, openness, trade balance and current accounts (as percentages of GDP). Both panel data and country by country data are used to measure the impact of liberalisation on domestic economic growth measured in PPP terms from the data available in Heston, Summers and Aten (2001) study. Domestic economic growth is often positively related to liberalisation for many countries of our sample. Next we analyse the impact of growth on trade balance and current account to examine whether higher economic growth due to liberalisation leads to adverse effect on balance of trade. Trade balance is...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Liberalisation; Trade balance; Developing countries; Panel data estimation; International Development; International Relations/Trade; F32; F14; O24; C21; C23.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26267

How Effective is the Invisible Hand? Agricultural and Food Markets in Central and Eastern Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Brosig,   Stephan; Popp,   Jozsef; Wilkin,   Jerzy; Juchniewicz,   Małgorzta; Milczarek,   Dominika; Ferto,   Imre; Forgacs,   Csaba; Juhasz,   Aniko; Kurthy,   Gyongyi; Hein,   Piret; Hobbs,   Jill E.; Nuppenau,   Ernst-August; Brümmer,   Bernhard; Zorya,   Sergiy; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Bojnec,   Stefan; Svetlov,   Nikolai M.; Hurrelmann,   Annette; Maack,   Kai; Hanf,   Jon Henrich; Glauben,   Thomas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Wang,   Xiaobing; Balint,   Borbala; Lerman,   Zvi; Shagaida,   Natalya; Benner,   Eckhard; Wandel,   Jurgen; Nivievskyi,   Oleg; Kuhn,   Arnim.
Since the seminal work of Adam Smith, markets have been considered an efficient tool for co-ordinating the behaviour of economic agents. The basic characteristic of a market economy is that the complex system of interaction among individuals is not centrally coordinated. Under the assumption of profit and utility maximisation (and a whole set of assumptions about the institutional framework), relative prices and their change over time provide the signals that guide, like an invisible hand, the allocation of resources, i.e., the structure of production and the intensity of input use in the various production processes. They do this by co-ordinating the activities of economic agents, i.e., of resource owners, producers, intermediaries, traders, and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93018

MARKETS, SOCIAL NORMS, AND GOVERNMENTS IN THE SERVICE OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barrett,   Christopher B.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28352

AN OPERATIONAL TOOL FOR EVALUATING POVERTY OUTREACH OF DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND PROJECTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeller,   Manfred; Sharma,   Manohar P.; Henry,   Carla; Lapenu,   Cecile.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15966

Dynamics of Price Transmission in the Presence of a Major Food Safety Shock: Impact of H5N1 Avian Influenza on the Turkish Poultry Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saghaian,   Sayed H.; Ozertan,   Gokhan; Spaulding,   Aslihan D.
This article addresses the dynamic impact of the 2005 H5N1 avian influenza outbreak on the Turkish poultry sector. Contemporary time-series analyses with historical decomposition graphs are used to address differences in monthly price adjustments between market levels along the Turkish poultry supply channel. The empirical results show that price adjustments are asymmetric with respect to both speed and magnitude along the marketing channel. Results also reveal a differential impact of the exogenous shock on producers and retailers. The findings have critical efficiency and equity implications for the supply-chain participants.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Chicken; Food safety shock; Price transmission dynamics; Supply chain; Turkey; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Q11; Q13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47274

Land Police and Administration Reform in Mozambique: An Economic View in GDP Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Massuanganhe,   Israel Jacob.
The Government of Mozambique (GoM) is attempting to pursue an integrated development policy which will both attract investment capital and increase local income, finances and new structure organization. The Land Policy and land Administration, more that social issue is today a economical issue oriented to the market, and is included in political agenda of the Government. The emphasis is driven to take overview of the future as important tools of the economic growth and development.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15011

The Sophistication and Diversification of the African Agricultural Sector: A Product Space Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Badibanga,   Thaddee Mutumba; Ulimwengu,   John M.
We use the concept of the product space to analyze the key features of the transformation process in Africa with a focus on the agricultural sector. Between 1962 and 2008, we find that both specialization and diversification occur for the overall economy and across sectors. Our findings also confirm that the transformation of the African economy is driven primarily by the increasing specialization of nonagricultural exports. However, the transformation process is still moving more slowly than that of an emerging economy such as Brazil. The index of specialization of agricultural exports grew at a modest annual rate of 2.1 percent between 1962 and 2008, compared to 5.0 percent for nonagricultural exports and 4.1 percent for the overall economy. Although...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Structural transformation; Diversification; Sophistication; Growth; Export; Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; F19; O14; O33; O40.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124498

The Effects of Government Maize Marketing Policies on Maize Market Prices in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jayne,   Thomas S.; Myers,   Robert J.; Nyoro,   James K.
The Government of Kenya pursues maize marketing policy objectives through the National Cereals and Produce Board (NCPB) which procures and sells maize at administratively determined prices, and stores maize as a contingency against future shortages. A private sector marketing channel competes with the NCPB and prices in this channel are set by supply and demand forces. This paper estimates the effects of NCPB activities on the historical path of private sector maize market prices in Kenya between 1989 and 2004. Results provide important insights into the historical effects of the NCPB, and will provide useful input into deliberations on the appropriate role for the NCPB in the future. It was not possible to use a fully structural econometric model to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Kenya; Income transfers; Maize policy; Price stabilization; VAR; International Development; C22; O2; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25555

RISK, WEALTH AND SECTORAL CHOICE IN RURAL CREDIT MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guirkinger,   Catherine; Boucher,   Stephen R.
We develop a model of sorting and matching between borrowers and lenders across formal and informal credit markets in a developing country context.  We highlight the role of risk both on credit access and sectoral choice.  We examine how activity and sectoral choice vary across agents with heterogeneous wealth endowments.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20077

Subsector Analysis: Its Nature, Conduct and Potential Distribution to Small Enterprise Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boomgard,   James J.; Davies,   Stephen P.; Haggblade,   Steven; Mead,   Donald C.
This paper is concerned with the conduct of meaningful policy and project relevant  research on small enterprise development. It responds to a growing demand for operationally  useful small enterprise research, a demand which has surged over the past ten years in the wake  of increasing concern with equity issues coupled with recent evidence on small enterprise  efficiency.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; Small enterprise; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Downloads December 2008-July 2009: 18; Q18.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54745

Public-private partnerships for innovation-led growth in agrichains: A useful tool for development in Latin America?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartwich,   Frank; Gonzalez,   Carolina; Vieira,   Luis-Fernando.
Public-private partnerships have become increasingly important as an arrangement that serves to encourage innovation in agricultural production chains in Latin America. However, some observers have expressed concern that this institutional arrangement may mostly favor the interests of the private sector without producing sufficient social benefits for the public. This paper presents the results of a study of 124 cases of public-private partnerships in agricultural innovation in nine countries in Latin America. The data from the study suggest that the partnership concept is used to generate agricultural innovations in many different ways, involving public research and private entities to varying degrees and focusing on different types of agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Public-private partnerships; Agricultural research; Innovation; Agrichains; Latin America; Agricultural production; Case studies; Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59693

Has Economic Growth in Mozambique Been Pro-Poor?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: James,   Robert C.; Arndt,   Channing; Simler,   Kenneth R.
Using 1996–97 and 2002–03 nationally representative household surveys, we examine the extent to which growth in Mozambique has been pro-poor. While all sections of society enjoyed a rapid annual increase in consumption between the sample periods, the rate of growth in consumption was slightly higher for richer households. This has led to a moderate increase in inequality at the national level, as demonstrated by the rise in the Gini coefficient from 0.40 to 0.42. However, this slight increase in inequality is not statistically significant, and its impact on poverty reduction efforts is small: the poverty headcount would have been 53.0 percent in 2002–03 if all sections of society had enjoyed the mean growth rate in consumption, compared with the 54.1...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Inequality; Poverty; Growth; Mozambique; Food Security and Poverty; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59288

DEMANDA DE IMPORTAÇÃO DE VINHO NO BRASIL NO PERÍODO 1995-2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campos,   Antonio Carvalho; Brigatte,   Henrique.
O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar a função de demanda de importação de vinho no Brasil. Os dados utilizados são de janeiro de 1995 a novembro de 2007, com periodicidade mensal. O modelo econométrico dinâmico de ajustamento parcial, também conhecido como modelo de Nerlove, foi o escolhido para se proceder à estimação. Este se caracteriza como um tipo de modelo autoregressivo de curto prazo, bastante apto para explicar os movimentos no quantum importado no momento atual com base nas importações passadas e no valor de outras variáveis. Concluiu-se que renda interna, preço de importação e taxa de câmbio são estatisticamente significantes para a explicação de variações na importação de vinho pelo Brasil, assim como a própria defasagem da variável dependente....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Comércio internacional; Setor de vitivinicultura; Brasil; International trade; Wine sector; Brazil; Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108087

The Political Economy of US Aid to Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anwar,   Mumtaz; Michaelowa,   Katharina.
Variations of bilateral aid flows are difficult to explain on the basis of official development objectives or recipient need. At the example of US aid to Pakistan, this paper suggests alternative political economic explanations, notably the relevance of ethnic lobbying and the relevance of US business interests. Time series regressions for the period from 1980 to 2002 and logistic regressions based on votes for the Pressler and the Brown Amendment confirm the significance of these political economic determinants. While in case of the Pressler Amendment, the direct influence of population groups of Indian and Pakistani origins seems to have played a predominant role, the role of ethnic business lobbies appears to have dominated in the context of the Brown...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Public Choice; Ethnic lobbying; Foreign aid; International Development; Political Economy; D70; F35.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26202

Integrated Report of the Project “Identification of Pulling Factors for Enhancing the Sustainable Development of Diverse Agriculture in Selected Asian Countries”
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sugino,   Tomohide; Yonekura,   Hitoshi; Hutagaol,   Parulian.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Research; Asia; International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96502

AGRICULTURE-BASED DEVELOPMENT: A SAM PERSPECTIVE ON CENTRAL VIET NAM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bautista,   Romeo M.
As in most low-income countries, the majority of the poor population in Viet Nam is found in rural areas, where agriculture provides the primary means of livelihood. It has been argued that an agriculture-based development (ABD) strategy is more appropriate for Viet Nam at the present time than both import-substitution and export-led industrialization, considering its effectiveness in generating income opportunities, directly and indirectly, for the rural population. Under the ABD strategy, increased public resources allocated to agriculture and the rural sector would lead to rising agricultural productivity and rural income that in turn would create a strong demand for increased nonagricultural production in the local economy, especially of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16291

O COMPORTAMENTO DA POPULAÇÃO RURAL E DO EMPREGO NA AGRICULTURA NO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL, NO PERÍODO DE 1998 A 2006
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vieira,   Rosele Marques; Vareiro,   Luiz Ronald; Ilha,   Adayr da Silva.
A agricultura brasileira vem sofrendo grandes transformações com relação à mecanização das atividades agrícolas e, conseqüentemente, vem afetando o nível de empregos no setor rural, considerando que estas transformações se intensificaram recentemente, devido a um processo crescente de urbanização, de forma tal que a pressão modernizadora na agricultura se responsabilizou pela eliminação de postos de trabalhos agrícolas e que se traduz pela criação de empregos/ocupações não-agrícolas no setor. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o comportamento da população rural e do emprego na agricultura no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, especificamente as atividades agrícolas e não-agrícolas, dando ênfase à questão do novo rural, no período de 1998 a 2006.  Conforme os...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Atividades agrícolas e  não-agrícolas; Emprego; Agricultura; Agricultural and non-agricultural activities; Job; Agriculture; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109661

A Mosaic Type of Development: The Agri-Food Districts Experience in Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brasili,   Cristina; Fanfani,   Roberto.
The Italian Industrial Districts (IDs) are now considered in the national and international literature as one of the main factors of the successful and rapid industrial development of Italy after the Second World War. In this paper we outline the general characteristics of the IDs approach and then the distinctive figures of the agrifood districts. A mosaic type of development characterised the geographical distribution of the different agrifood districts in the Italian experience. The different origins of agrifood districts often determines their production and structural characteristics of firms, with a relevant role of SMEs. In many cases, these districts originated from handcraft traditions and specific local demand. Their specialized production is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-Food Districts; Italian Industrial Districts (IDs); Technical efficiency of a panel of firms; Economic Development.; International Development; A1; C23; O1; Q10; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25405

Deforestation in Sub- Sahara Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Diarrassouba,   Malick; Boubacar,   Inoussa.
According to FAO (2005) about 13 million hectares of the word’s forest are lost due to deforestation. Naoto (2006) found Africa to lead the list of countries with the highest rate of deforestation. This worrisome situation is further aggravated by the possible negative impacts of climate change due to an increase in the mean global temperature. Evidence supports that Africa is most likely to suffer the most the devastating impacts of natural calamities such as droughts and floods. This paper sought to evaluate the causes of deforestation in 27 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Our model uses annual data spanning from 1990 to 2004. Trade and urban population tend to be associated with a decline in deforestation. On the other hand, we found strong...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Deforestation; Sub-Saharan Africa; Development.; International Development; Q23; N 57.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46799

A decomposition of China's productivity through calibration of an endogenous growth model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Luckstead,   Jeff; Choi,   Seung Mo; Devadoss,   Stephen; Mittelhammer,   Ronald C.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: China; IST; Human capital; International Development; O30.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103072

Assessing the Potential for Payments for Watershed Services to Reduce Poverty in Guatemala
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pagiola,   Stefano; Zhang,   Wei; Colom,   Ale.
Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are being increasingly used as conservation instruments, particularly in Latin America. PES programs seek to capture part of the benefits derived from environmental services and channel them to natural resource managers who generate these services, thus increasing their incentive to conserve them. Many have assumed that these payments would go mostly to poor land users, and thus contribute to poverty reduction. There has been little empirical verification of this assumption to date, however.  The PES approach was conceptualized as a mechanism to improve the efficiency of natural resource management, and not as a mechanism for poverty reduction. Pagiola et al. (2005) identified three main questions regarding the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Payments for Environmental Services (PES); Watershed; Poverty; Guatemala; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42932

Current factors of insurance in agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bokusheva,   Raushan; Heidelbach,   Olaf.
This discussion paper is our response to numerous questions and the desire of our counterparts from the CIS countries to receive more up-to-date information about insurance in agriculture. Accordingly, we have tried to shed light on the main aspects of insurance as one tool of risk management in agriculture. Thus, our purpose is to give the reader information on principles and potential of insurance, its main problems and possible solutions. Additionally, this paper provides a comparative overview of the presently most widespread insurance schemes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Risiko; Versicherung; Versicherungsprodukte; Landwirtschaft; Risk; Insurance; Insurance schemes; Agriculture; Слова: риск; Страхование; Страховые схемы; Сельское хозяйство.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Risk and Uncertainty; G22; Q14; D82.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92167

Enhancing sustainable development of diverse agriculture in Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Siregar,   Masdjidin; Suryadi,   Muhammad.
This report is the outcome of the first phase of the AGRIDIV project (Identification of pulling factors for enhancing the sustainable development of diverse agriculture in selected Asian countries), which was carried out in 2003-2004. Based on the availability of secondary data, five major CGPRT crops grown in Indonesia are studied in detail to examine the sustainable development of diverse agriculture. The crops include maize, soybean, groundnut, cassava, potato and sweet potato. In addition, rice, as the major staple food in Indonesia, is included and rice-related policies affect resource allocation and therefore affect the development of CGPRT crops.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7304

Modeling Agricultural Innovation in a Rapidly Developing Country:  The Case of Chinese Pesticide Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shi,   Guanming; Pray,   Carl E.
Technology and innovation play an increasingly important role in the economic development of both developed and developing countries. We investigate how policy and market factors influence firms’ (or other potential innovators’) decisions on innovation or imitation by developing a conceptual model and then empirically testing it using pesticide innovation data from a rapidly developing country, China. We find that the government encouraged local innovation by opening regions to more international trade, more investment in public research and education, strengthening intellectual property right (IPR) enforcement, and limiting the role of foreign inventors. However, the role of the extension of patent life in the early 1990s has little impact. Theory and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Pesticide; China; Patent; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O34; O38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103744

KNOWLEDGE, TOXICITY, AND EXTERNAL SHOCKS: THE DETERMINANTS OF ADOPTION AND ABANDONMENT OF NON-TRADITIONAL EXPORT CROPS BY SMALLHOLDERS IN GUATEMALA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carletto,   Calogero; de Janvry,   Alain; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; International Development.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25088