Consulta: subjectFacets:"Microplastics"
Registros recuperados: 32
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 14:46:24

Impact of hydrolytic degradation on mechanical properties of PET - Towards an understanding of microplastics formation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Arhant, Mael; Le Gall, Maelenn; Le Gac, Pierre Yves; Davies, Peter.
Ocean pollution by microplastics, i.e. small pieces of plastic of less than 5 mm, is one of the major concerns for the future of our planet. Secondary microplastics formation is due to fragmentation of macroplastic waste. This fragmentation can be attributed to environmental loadings such as waves, winds and tides, coupled with a change in mechanical properties of polymers induced by UV and seawater ageing. This study aims to characterize and understand changes in the mechanical behaviour of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) induced by hydrolysis, especially for high degradation levels. Thin films (200 microns) of PET were aged in water at temperatures from 110 °C to 80 °C for up to 150 days. Embrittlement occurs with chain scission during hydrolysis when...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hydrolysis; Polyethylene terephthalate; Mechanical properties; Molar mass; Embrittlement; Microplastics.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00476/58794/61331.pdf

Marine litter, future prospects for research
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Francois.
As far back as 1870, i.e., about 150 years ago, Jules Verne described the accumulation of debris in the convergence zone of the North Atlantic Ocean in his famous novel entitled “Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea.” Many scientific reports have addressed this topic since and our main concern today is the ever increasing volume of marine litter invading the oceans in various and complex ways. One of the current main challenges is assessing the final destination of this litter. To date, its adverse effects on marine life have only occasionally been investigated and many questions remain unanswered. In addition to efforts to monitor and reduce litter, recent literature has underlined the scientific community's focus on specific issues such as (i) the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine litter; Microplastics; Marine debris; Trophic chains; Chemicals; Rafting.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00358/46933/46837.pdf

First observation on neustonic plastics in waters off NW Spain (spring 2013 and 2014)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gago, Jesus; Henry, Maryvonne; Galgani, Francois.
This paper examines the presence and distribution of plastic particles in waters off the NW Spanish Atlantic coast. A pilot sampling program was initiated in 2013 to study the presence of plastic particles in surface waters. A total of 41 neuston samples were collected using a manta trawl fitted with a 333 μm mesh (21 samples in 2013 and 20 samples in 2014). Several types of plastic particles were observed in 95% of the stations. A total of 1463 plastic microparticles (&lt;5 mm; mps) and 208 mesoparticles (&gt;5 mm and &lt;20 mm; MPS) were counted. Average concentrations recorded were 0.034 ± 0.032 and 0.176 ± 0.278 mps m−2 and 0.005 ± 0.005 and 0.028 ± 0.043 MPS m−2, respectively for 2013 and 2014.  Results on this emerging topic are discussed as a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine litter; Floating plastics; Microplastics; European MSFD; NW Spain.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00275/38605/37469.pdf

Plastic debris occurrence, convergence areas and fin whales feeding ground in the Mediterranean Marine Protected Area Pelagos Sanctuary: a modelling approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fossi, Maria Cristina; Romeo, Teresa; Panti, Matteo; Marsili, Letizia; Campani, Tommaso; Canese, Simonepietro; Galgani, Francois; Druon, Jean-noël; Airoldi, Sabina; Taddei, Stefano; Fattorini, Maria; Brandini, Carlo; Lapucci, Chiara.
The Mediterranean Sea is greatly affected by marine litter. In this area, research on the impact of plastic debris (including microplastics) on biota, particularly large filter-feeding species such as the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), is still in its infancy. We investigated the possible overlap between microplastic, mesoplastic and macrolitter accumulation areas and the fin whale feeding grounds in in a pelagic Specially Protected Area of Mediterranean Importance (SPAMI): the Pelagos Sanctuary. Models of ocean circulation and fin whale potential habitat were merged to compare marine litter accumulation with the presence of whales. Additionally, field data on microplastics, mesoplastics and macrolitter abundance and cetacean presence were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Floating plastic debris; Microplastics; Mediterranean Sea; Convergence areas; Modeling; Fin whales; Marine Protected Area.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00386/49763/50356.pdf

Exposure of marine mussels Mytilus spp. to polystyrene microplastics: Toxicity and influence on fluoranthene bioaccumulation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Paul-pont, Ika; Lacroix, Camille; Gonzalez Fernandez, Carmen; Hegaret, Helene; Lambert, Christophe; Le Goic, Nelly; Frere, Laura; Cassone, Anne-laure; Sussarellu, Rossana; Fabioux, Caroline; Guyomarch, Julien; Albentosa, Marina; Huvet, Arnaud; Soudant, Philippe.
The effects of polystyrene microbeads (micro-PS; mix of 2 and 6 μm; final concentration: 32 μg L−1) alone or in combination with fluoranthene (30 μg L−1) on marine mussels Mytilus spp. were investigated after 7 days of exposure and 7 days of depuration under controlled laboratory conditions. Overall, fluoranthene was mostly associated to algae Chaetoceros muelleri (partition coefficient Log Kp = 4.8) used as a food source for mussels during the experiment. When micro-PS were added in the system, a fraction of FLU transferred from the algae to the microbeads as suggested by the higher partition coefficient of micro-PS (Log Kp = 6.6), which confirmed a high affinity of fluoranthene for polystyrene microparticles. However, this did not lead to a modification...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Fluoranthene; Mussel; Depuration; Oxidative system.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00344/45502/45848.pdf

Nanoplastics impaired oyster free living stages, gametes and embryos
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tallec, Kevin; Huvet, Arnaud; Di Poi, Carole; Gonzalez-fernandez, Carmen; Lambert, Christophe; Petton, Bruno; Le Goic, Nelly; Berchel, Mathieu; Soudant, Philippe; Paul-pont, Ika.
In the marine environment, most bivalve species base their reproduction on external fertilization. Hence, gametes and young stages face many threats, including exposure to plastic wastes which represent more than 80% of the debris in the oceans. Recently, evidence has been produced on the presence of nanoplastics in oceans, thus motivating new studies of their impacts on marine life. Because no information is available about their environmental concentrations, we performed dose-response exposure experiments with polystyrene particles to assess the extent of micro/nanoplastic toxicity. Effects of polystyrene with different sizes and functionalization (plain 2-μm, 500-nm and 50-nm; COOH-50 nm and NH2-50 nm) were assessed on three key reproductive steps...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Embryos; Gametes; Microplastics; Nanoplastics.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00453/56419/58090.pdf

Large impact of Stokes drift on the fate of surface floating debris in the South Indian Basin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dobler, Delphine; Huck, Thierry; Maes, Christophe; Grima, Nicolas; Blanke, Bruno; Martinez, Elodie; Ardhuin, Fabrice.
In the open ocean, floating surface debris such as plastics concentrate in five main accumulation zones centered around 30° latitude, far from highly turbulent areas. Using Lagrangian advection of numerical particles by surface currents from ocean model reanalysis, previous studies have shown long-distance connection from the accumulation zones of the South Indian to the South Pacific oceans. An important physical process affecting surface particles but missing in such analyses is wave-induced Stokes drift. Taking into account surface Stokes drift from a wave model reanalysis radically changes the fate of South Indian particles. The convergence region moves from the east to the west of the basin, so particles leak to the South Atlantic rather than the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine debris; Microplastics; Stokes drift; Indian Ocean; Lagrangian analysis; Ocean surface pathways.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00512/62320/69273.pdf

Organic contaminants sorbed to microplastics affect marine medaka fish early life stages development
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Bihanic, Florane; Clérandeau, Christelle; Cormier, Bettie; Crebassa, Jean-claude; Keiter, Steffen H.; Beiras, Ricardo; Morin, Bénédicte; Bégout, Marie-laure; Cousin, Xavier; Cachot, Jerome.
The role of polyethylene microplastics 4–6 μm size (MPs) in the toxicity of environmental compounds to fish early life stages (ELS) was investigated. Marine medaka Oryzias melastigma embryos and larvae were exposed to suspended MPs spiked with three model contaminants: benzo(a)pyrene (MP-BaP), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (MP-PFOS) and benzophenone-3 (MP-BP3) for 12 days. There was no evidence of MPs ingestion but MPs agglomerated on the surface of the chorion. Fish ELS exposed to virgin MPs did not show toxic effects. Exposure to MP-PFOS decreased embryonic survival and prevented hatching. Larvae exposed to MP-BaP or MP-BP3 exhibited reduced growth, increased developmental anomalies and abnormal behavior. Compared to equivalent waterborne concentrations,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine medaka; Microplastics; Developmental toxicity; Benzo(a)pyrene; Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid; Benzophenone-3.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00619/73112/74844.pdf

Managing the analytical challenges related to micro- and nanoplastics in the environment and food: filling the knowledge gaps
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alexy, Pavol; Anklam, Elke; Emans, Ton; Furfari, Antonino; Galgani, Francois; Hanke, Georg; Koelmans, Albert; Pant, Rana; Saveyn, Hans; Sokull Kluettgen, Birgit.
This paper identifies knowledge gaps on the sustainability and impacts of plastics and presents some recommendations from an expert group that met at a special seminar organised by the European Commission at the end of 2018. The benefits of plastics in society are unquestionable, but there is an urgent need to better manage their value chain. The recently adopted European Strategy for Plastics stressed the need to tackle the challenges related to plastics with a focus on plastic litter including microplastics. Microplastics have been detected mainly in the marine environment, but also in freshwater, soil and air. Based on today’s knowledge they may also be present in food products. Although nanoplastics have not yet been detected, it can be assumed that...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plastic; Microplastics; Nanoplastics; Marine litter; Recycling; Circular economy.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00588/70027/67935.pdf

Are litter, plastic and microplastic quantities increasing in the ocean?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Francois; Brien, Aleke Stoefen-o; Weis, Judith; Ioakeimidis, Christos; Schuyler, Qamar; Makarenko, Iryna; Griffiths, Huw; Bondareff, Joan; Vethaak, Dick; Deidun, Alan; Sobral, Paula; Topouzelis, Konstantinos; Vlahos, Penny; Lana, Fernanda; Hassellov, Martin; Gerigny, Olivia; Arsonina, Bera; Ambulkar, Archis; Azzaro, Maurizio; Bebianno, Maria João.
Whilst both plastic production and inputs at sea have increased since the 1950s, several modelling studies predict a further increase in the coming years in these respective quantities. We compiled scientific literature on trends in marine litter, consisting largely of plastic and microplastics in the ocean, understanding that monitoring programs or assessments for these aspects are varied, frequently focusing on limited components of the marine environment in different locations, and covering a wide spectrum of marine litter types, with limited standardization. Here we discuss how trends in the amounts of litter in the marine environment can be compared with the information provided by models. Increasing amounts of plastic are found in some regions,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plastic pollution; Marine litter; Microplastics; Trends; Monitoring.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00677/78927/81297.pdf

Microplastics in Seawater: Recommendations from the Marine Strategy Framework Directive Implementation Process
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gago, Jesus; Galgani, Francois; Maes, Thomas; Thompson, Richard C.
Microplastic litter is a pervasive pollutant present in marine systems across the globe. The legacy of microplastics pollution in the marine environment today may remain for years to come due to the persistence of these materials. Microplastics are emerging contaminants of potential concern and as yet there are few recognized approaches for monitoring. In 2008, the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC) included microplastics as an aspect to be measured. Here we outline the approach as discussed by the European Union expert group on marine litter, the technical Subgroup on Marine litter (TSG-ML), with a focus on the implementation of monitoring microplastics in seawater in European seas. It is concluded that harmonization and coherence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine debris; Plastics; Microplastics; Monitoring.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00358/46932/46836.pdf

Lessons learned from an intercalibration exercise on the quantification and characterisation of microplastic particles in sediment and water samples
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cadiou, Jean-francois; Gerigny, Olivia; Koren, Š.; Zeri, C.; Kaberi, H.; Alomar, C.; Panti, C.; Fossi, M.c.; Adamopoulou, A.; Digka, N.; Deudero, S.; Concato, M.; Carbonell, A.; Baini, M.; Galli, M.; Galgani, Francois.
An intercalibration exercise on the characterisation of microplastics in marine sediment and water samples was carried out among five laboratories involved in the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) in their country. The samples were prepared by mixing cleaned natural sediment and sea water with microplastics sets made of particles of various polymers, shapes and colours. Overall, the errors on total counts were under 25% in absolute value. The risk of non-detection and loss of particles is greater than the risk of contamination during sample analysis. Significant differences are observed among particle types. It appears difficult to obtain reliable and comparable data on the colour of microplastics. A comparison of the errors...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Intercalibration; Protocols; Sediment; Seawater.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00622/73397/72812.pdf

Plastic litter in the Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Depledge, M. H.; Galgani, Francois; Panti, C.; Caliani, I.; Casini, S.; Fossi, M. C.
On June 2013 a workshop at the University of Siena (Italy) was organized to review current knowledge and to clarify what is known, and what remains to be investigated, concerning plastic litter in the sea. The content of the workshop was designed to contribute further to the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) following an inaugural workshop in 2012. Here we report a number of statements relevant to policymakers and scientists that was overwhelming agreement from the participants. Many might view this as already providing sufficient grounds for policy action. At the very least, this early warning of the problems that lie ahead should be taken seriously, and serve as a stimulus for further research.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: European MSFD; Marine litter; Microplastics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00159/27005/25158.pdf

Microplastics in seafood: Benchmark protocol for their extraction and characterization
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dehaut, Alexandre; Cassone, Anne-laure; Frere, Laura; Hermabessiere, Ludovic; Himber, Charlotte; Rinnert, Emmanuel; Riviere, Gilles; Lambert, Christophe; Soudant, Philippe; Huvet, Arnaud; Duflos, Guillaume; Paul-pont, Ika.
Pollution of the oceans by microplastics (&lt;5 mm) represents a major environmental problem. To date, a limited number of studies have investigated the level of contamination of marine organisms collected in situ. For extraction and characterization of microplastics in biological samples, the crucial step is the identification of solvent(s) or chemical(s) that efficiently dissolve organic matter without degrading plastic polymers for their identification in a time and cost effective way. Most published papers, as well as OSPAR recommendations for the development of a common monitoring protocol for plastic particles in fish and shellfish at the European level, use protocols containing nitric acid to digest the biological tissues, despite reports of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Digestion; Method; Seafood products; Tissue; Plastic integrity.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00335/44582/44469.pdf

Microplastics baseline surveys at the water surface and in sediments of the North-East Atlantic
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maes, Thomas; Van Der Meulen, Myra D; Devriese, Lisa L.; Leslie, Heather A.; Huvet, Arnaud; Frere, Laura; Robbens, Johan; Vethaak, Dick A.
Microplastic contamination was determined in sediments of the Southern North Sea and floating at the sea surface of North West Europe. Floating concentrations ranged between zero and 1.5 microplastic/m3, whereas microplastic concentrations in sediments ranged between zero and 3146 particles/kg dry weight sediment. In sediments, mainly fibers and spheres were found, whereas at the sea surface fragments were dominant. At the sea surface, concentrations of microplastics are lower and more variable than in sediments, meaning that larger sample sizes and water volumes are required to find detectable concentrations. We have calculated the widths of the confidence intervals (CI) for different sample sizes, to give a first indication of the necessary sample size...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Marine litter; Floating debris; Sediment; Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD); Baseline.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00384/49505/49999.pdf

Distribution des microplastiques dans les eaux de sub-surfaces, en Méditerranéenne nord-occidentale
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martinot, Pauline.
Between April and November 2018, 20 microplastic (MPs) samples were collected at 8 sampling stations in French Mediterranean coast from Port-Cros to Banyuls as well as upstream the Rhône River. MPs were found in every sample with variable concentrations, size range and colors. Concentrations ranged from 11 items (Port-Cros) to 15 178 items (Port-Saint-Louis low salinity, PS). The samples with the highest MPs count originate from PS and the Bay of Marseille. MPs count in Spring and Autumn results in 217 (± 12,3) and 351 (± 4,3) respectively for the Bay and particles &gt;1 000 μm dominated sampling stations during both seasons, while PS samples showed greater variability in size distribution. The site PS, near the Rhône River, has the most fiber and the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Débris marins; Microplastiques; Mer Méditerrannée; Golfe du Lion; Fleuve du Rhône.; Marine litter; Microplastics; Mediterranean Sea; Gulf of Lion; Rhône River.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00632/74419/74137.pdf

Microplastics in sediments: A review of techniques, occurrence and effects
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Van Cauwenberghe, Lisbeth; Devriese, Lisa; Galgani, Francois; Robbens, Johan; Janssen, Colin R.
Microplastics are omnipresent in the marine environment and sediments are hypothesized to be major sinks of these plastics. Here, over 100 articles spanning the last 50 year are reviewed with following objectives: (i) to evaluate current microplastic extraction techniques, (ii) to discuss the occurrence and worldwide distribution of microplastics in sediments, and (iii) to make a comprehensive assessment of the possible adverse effects of this type of pollution to marine organisms. Based on this review we propose future research needs and conclude that there is a clear need for a standardized techniques, unified reporting units and more realistic effect assessments.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Pellets; Sediment; Techniques; Direct effects; Indirect effects.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00270/38157/36291.pdf

Constraints and Priorities for Conducting Experimental Exposures of Marine Organisms to Microplastics
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Paul-pont, Ika; Tallec, Kevin; Gonzalez-fernandez, Carmen; Lambert, Christophe; Vincent, Dorothee; Mazurais, David; Zambonino-infante, Jose-luis; Brotons, Guillaume; Lagarde, Fabienne; Fabioux, Caroline; Soudant, Philippe; Huvet, Arnaud.
Marine plastic pollution is a major environmental issue. Given their ubiquitous nature and small dimensions, ingestion of microplastic (MP) and nanoplastic (NP) particles and their subsequent impact on marine life are a growing concern worldwide. Transfers along the trophic chain, including possible translocation, for which the hazards are less understood, are also a major preoccupation. Effects of MP ingestion have been studied on animals through laboratory exposure, showing impacts on feeding activity, reserve depletion and inflammatory responses, with consequences for fitness, notably reproduction. However, most experimental studies have used doses of manufactured virgin microspheres that may not be environmentally realistic. As for most...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Nanoplastics; Experimental exposure; Impacts; Marine organisms; Physiology.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00449/56088/57621.pdf

Les microplastiques : une menace en rade de Brest ?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Frere, Laura.
World production of plastics has increased steadily for the past decades leading to a major contamination of the worldwide aquatic ecosystems recently estimated at more than five trillion plastic pieces floating the surface of the oceans. Microplastics (plastic particles &lt; 5 mm) are introduced into aquatic environments directly as industrial raw material (plastic pellets, cosmetics, clothing) or indirectly via the fragmentation of larger plastics. This emerging contaminant represents an increasing ecological concern for science and society. The present study focused on the microplastic contamination of the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France), a macrotidal coastal ecosystem characterized by intense anthropogenic activity. The main objectives were: (1) to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastiques; Micro-spectroscopie Raman; Matrices environnementales; Rade de Brest; Polluant organique; Communautés bactériennes; Microplastics; Micro-spectroscopy Raman; Environmental matrices; Bay of Brest; Organic pollutant; Bacterial communities.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00497/60913/64266.pdf

Realistic environmental exposure to microplastics does not induce biological effects in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Revel, Messika; Châtel, Amélie; Perrein-ettajani, Hanane; Bruneau, Mélanie; Akcha, Farida; Sussarellu, Rossana; Rouxel, Julien; Costil, Katherine; Decottignies, Priscilla; Cognie, Bruno; Lagarde, Fabienne; Mouneyrac, Catherine.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence and potential toxic effects of plastic fragments (&lt;400 μm) of polyethylene and polypropylene on the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.008, 10, 100 μg of particles/L) during 10 days, followed by a depuration period of 10 days in clean seawater. Effects of microplastics were evaluated on the clearance rate of organisms, tissue alteration, antioxidant defense, immune alteration and DNA damage. Detection and quantification of microplastics in oyster's tissues (digestive gland, gills and other tissues) and biodeposits using infrared microscopy were also conducted. Microplastics were detected in oyster's biodeposits following...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Crassostrea gigas; Biodeposits; Biomarkers; Bivalves.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00588/70055/68018.pdf

A semi-automated Raman micro-spectroscopy method for morphological and chemical characterizations of microplastic litter
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Frere, L.; Paul-pont, I.; Moreau, Julien; Soudant, P.; Lambert, C.; Huvet, Arnaud; Rinnert, Emmanuel.
Every step of microplastic analysis (collection, extraction and characterization) is time-consuming, representing an obstacle to the implementation of large scale monitoring. This study proposes a semi-automated Raman micro-spectroscopy method coupled to static image analysis that allows the screening of a large quantity of microplastic in a time-effective way with minimal machine operator intervention. The method was validated using 103 particles collected at the sea surface spiked with 7 standard plastics: morphological and chemical characterization of particles was performed in &lt; 3 h. The method was then applied to a larger environmental sample (n = 962 particles). The identification rate was 75% and significantly decreased as a function of particle...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Raman micro-spectroscopy; Surface seawater; Morphology; Environmental monitoring; Automating.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00357/46802/46976.pdf

Analyse, distribution, production et dégradation d’esters de phtalates (PAEs) en zone côtière méditerranéenne
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Paluselli, Andrea.
Phthalic Acid Esters (PAEs) are a group of emerging organic contaminants that have become a serious issue because of their ubiquitous presence on the marine environment worldwide and for the endocrine disrupting effects in animals and humans. However, little is known about their distribution in the Ocean, mainly because of analytical difficulties and the high possibility of ambient sample contamination. Plastic debris in marine environment includes resin pellets, macro- and microplastic fragments, and contains additives such as PAEs that might be released in the aquatic environment in unknown proportion. In our work, we improved an analytical method for the determination of 8 PAEs, at trace levels in marine and fresh waters. In the first part of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phtalates; DEHP; Eau de mer; Perturbateurs endocriniens; Microplastiques; Microplastics; Endocrine disruptors; Seawater; Phthalates; Dehp.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00497/60904/64252.pdf

Occurrence and effects of plastic additives on marine environments and organisms: A review
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hermabessiere, Ludovic; Dehaut, Alexandre; Paul-pont, Ika; Lacroix, Camille; Jezequel, Ronan; Soudant, Philippe; Duflos, Guillaume.
Plastics debris, especially microplastics, have been found worldwide in all marine compartments. Much research has been carried out on adsorbed pollutants on plastic pieces and hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) associated with microplastics. However, only a few studies have focused on plastic additives. These chemicals are incorporated into plastics from which they can leach out as most of them are not chemically bound. As a consequence of plastic accumulation and fragmentation in oceans, plastic additives could represent an increasing ecotoxicological risk for marine organisms. The present work reviewed the main class of plastic additives identified in the literature, their occurrence in the marine environment, as well as their effects on and transfers...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Plastic additives; Bisphenol A; Phthalates; Brominated flame retardant.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00391/50227/51394.pdf

Automating the characterisation of beach microplastics through the application of image analyses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gauci, Adam; Deidun, Alan; Montebello, John; Abela, John; Galgani, Francois.
Four sandy beaches on the island of Malta in the Central Mediterranean were regularly sampled for Large MicroPlastic (LMP) particles having a diameter between 1 mm and 5 mm, at stations located at the waterline and 10 m inshore. The 10975 extracted LMP particles were characterised (dimensions, surface roughness, colour) through unaided visual observation, microscopic analyses, and an algorithm developed within the current study. Two-thirds of the isolated particles were smooth and the majority of these belonged to the grey-white colour category, with a low degree of opaqueness and discolouration, and a high degree of transparency, suggesting that these were dominated by low-density polyethylene LMPs. Conflicting evidence concerning the relative residence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Image processing; Microplastics; Parameterisation; Monitoring obligations; Marine litter.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00513/62471/69557.pdf

Editorial: Plastic Pollution
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Francois; Pham, Christopher Kim; Reisser, Julia.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plastic; Pollution; Models; Microplastics; Degradation.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00400/51138/51910.pdf

Tissue-Specific Biomarker Responses in the Blue Mussel Mytilus spp. Exposed to a Mixture of Microplastics at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Revel, Messika; Lagarde, Fabienne; Perrein-ettajani, Hanane; Bruneau, Mélanie; Akcha, Farida; Sussarellu, Rossana; Rouxel, Julien; Costil, Katherine; Decottignies, Priscilla; Cognie, Bruno; Châtel, Amélie; Mouneyrac, Catherine.
The impact of a microplastic (MP) mixture composed of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) plastic particles, prepared from commercially available products, was evaluated in blue mussels Mytilus spp. exposed to three environmentally relevant concentrations: 0.008 μg L−1 (low), 10 μg L−1 (medium), and 100 μg L−1 (high). Organisms were exposed for 10 days followed by 10 days of depuration in clean seawater under controlled laboratory conditions. The evaluation of MP effects on mussel clearance rate, tissue structure, antioxidant defenses, immune and digestive parameters, and DNA integrity were investigated while the identification of plastic particles in mussel tissues (gills, digestive gland, and remaining tissues), and biodeposits (feces and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Polyethylene; Polypropylene; Mytilus; Oxidative stress; Biomarkers.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00489/60089/63427.pdf

Editorial: Impacts of Marine Litter
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Luisa; Beiras, Ricardo; Galgani, Francois; Panti, Cristina; Borja, Angel.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plastics; Nanoplastics; Microplastics; Environmental regulation; Ecotoxicology; Aquatic biota.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00491/60231/63602.pdf

Microplastic bacterial communities in the Bay of Brest: Influence of polymer type and size
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Frere, Laura; Maignien, Lois; Chalopin, Morgane; Huvet, Arnaud; Rinnert, Emmanuel; Morrison, Hilary; Kerninon, Sandrine; Cassone, Anne-laure; Lambert, Christophe; Reveillaud, Julie; Paul-pont, Ika.
Microplastics (&lt;5 mm) exhibit intrinsic features such as density, hydrophobic surface, or high surface/volume ratio, that are known to promote microbial colonization and biofilm formation in marine ecosystems. Yet, a relatively low number of studies have investigated the nature of microplastic associated bacterial communities in coastal ecosystems and the potential factors influencing their composition and structure. Here, we characterized microplastics collected in the Bay of Brest by manual sorting followed by Raman spectroscopy and studied their associated bacterial assemblages using 16S amplicon high-throughput sequencing. Our methodology allowed discriminating polymer type (polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene) within small size ranges...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Microplastics; Coastal ecosystem; Metabarcoding; Vibrios.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00449/56082/57614.pdf

Global Distribution, Composition and Abundance of Marine Litter
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Francois; Hanke, Georg; Maes, Thomas.
Marine debris is commonly observed everywhere in the oceans. Litter enters the seas from both land-based sources, from ships and other installations at sea, from point and diffuse sources, and can travel long distances before being stranded. Plastics typically constitute the most important part of marine litter sometimes accounting for up to 100 % of floating litter. On beaches, most studies have demonstrated densities in the 1 item m−2 range except for very high concentrations because of local conditions, after typhoons or flooding events. Floating marine debris ranges from 0 to beyond 600 items km−2. On the sea bed, the abundance of plastic debris is very dependent on location, with densities ranging from 0 to &gt;7700 items km−2, mainly in coastal...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine litter; Plastic; Distribution; Beaches; Seafloor; Microplastics; Floating litter.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00667/77914/80097.pdf

Marine pollution: Let us not forget beach sand
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Galgani, Francois; Ellerbrake, Katrin; Fries, Elke; Goreux, Chantal.
Background: Assessing the chemical or bacterial contamination in marine waters and sediments is a very common approach to evaluate marine pollution and associated risks. However, toxicity and organic pollution of beach sands have not yet been considered, except in adjacent waters. In the present study, the toxicity and the chemical contamination of natural beach sands collected 20 m from the shoreline at two sites located on the Mediterranean Sea (Marseille and La Marana, Corsica) were studied. Results: Up to 16.93% (net percentage) abnormal or dead larvae was observed in elutriates prepared from the urban beach sand sample (Marseille); no significant toxicity was observed in the sample collected from the reference beach in La Marana. Results of Fourier...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster larvae biotests; Sediments; Infrared spectroscopy; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; Microplastics; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Mediterranean Sea; Bioavailability; Organic contaminants.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00353/46442/46186.pdf

Increase in microplastic pollution in the surface waters of Buenaventura Bay, Colombian Pacific
Provedor de dados: 50
Autores: Vidal,Laura; Molina,Andrés; Duque,Guillermo.
ABSTRACT Microplastic (MP) pollution in coastal ecosystems is a serious problem throughout the world. In Colombia, there is little information on this issue, especially for the Pacific coast. For these reasons, the density, distribution, and types of MP on the surface of the water were studied in the bay of Buenaventura estuary, Colombia’s main seaport. A total of 36 samples were collected in two estuarine areas: the inner estuary (IE), closest to the main urban area and river mouths, and the external estuary (EE), further away from both areas, during three seasons: rainy, transition, and dry, in 2015 and 2019. On average, the density of the MP increases annually by 28.7 % in the surface waters of Buenaventura Bay. It was also found that the highest...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Buenaventura Bay; Microplastics; Spatial variation; Climate seasons; Monitoring.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612021000200113

Spatial distribution and increase of microplastics over time in sediments of Buenaventura Bay, Colombian Pacific
Provedor de dados: 50
Autores: Vásquez-Molano,Daniela; Molina,Andres; Duque,Guillermo.
ABSTRACT The increase in production, consumption and inadequate disposition of plastics has generated an accumulation of these elements in marine ecosystems, which have become important microplastics sinks (&lt; 5 mm). The objective of this research was to determine the temporal and spatial differences in the density, distribution, and type of microplastics in the sediments of Buenaventura Bay. For this purpose, sediment samples were collected in the internal estuary (close to the rivers) and in the external estuary (with a greater marine influence). Samples were obtained in the dry, transition, and rainy season for the years 2015 and 2019. Microplastics were extracted by density separation method, each particle was classified and measured by optical...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microplastics; Sediment contamination; Marine contamination; Estuaries; Environmental impact.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612021000100027