Consulta: subjectFacets:"Natural selection"
Registros recuperados: 16
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 00:43:38

The role of natural selection in human evolution – insights from Latin America
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Salzano,Francisco M.
Abstract A brief introduction considering Darwin's work, the evolutionary synthesis, and the scientific biological field around the 1970s and subsequently, with the molecular revolution, was followed by selected examples of recent investigations dealing with the selection-drift controversy. The studies surveyed included the comparison between essential genes in humans and mice, selection in Africa and Europe, and the possible reasons why females in humans remain healthy and productive after menopause, in contrast with what happens in the great apes. At the end, selected examples of investigations performed in Latin America, related to the action of selection for muscle performance, acetylation of xenobiotics, high altitude and tropical forest adaptations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Natural selection; Human evolution; Population genetics; Human adaptation; History of genetics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000300302

Performance of common bean families after different generations under natural selection
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Silva,Nara Oliveira; Ramalho,Magno Antonio Patto; Abreu,Ângela de Fátima Barbosa; Carneiro,José Eustáquio de Souza.
A segregant bulk population derived from a single cross between the Carioca MG cultivar and the ESAL 686 line was used to investigate whether the action of natural selection in the direction required by the breeders and the delaying line extraction would increase the chance of obtaining families with greater grain yield. The populations were advanced from F2 to F24 and obtained families F2, F8 and F24 from the plants. These families and their parents were assessed for grain yield (kg/ha) in Lavras-MG in three sowing seasons (July 2001, November 2001 and March 2002) in an 18 x 18 lattice design with two replications in the first sowing and three in the other two. The largest mean yield, regardless of sowing season, was among the families derived from the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; Common bean; Natural selection; Bulk breeding method.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000400018

Morphological divergence rate tests for natural selection: uncertainty of parameter estimation and robustness of results
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Monteiro,Leandro R.; Gomes-Jr,José L.
In this study, we used a combination of geometric morphometric and evolutionary genetics methods for the inference of possible mechanisms of evolutionary divergence. A sensitivity analysis for the constant-heritability rate test results regarding variation in genetic and demographic parameters was performed, in order to assess the relative influence of uncertainty of parameter estimation on the robustness of test results. As an application, we present a study on body shape variation among populations of the poeciliine fish Poecilia vivipara inhabiting lagoons of the quaternary plains in northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The sensitivity analysis showed that, in general, the most important parameters are heritability, effective population size and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Divergence rate test; Natural selection; Poecilia vivipara; Statistical shape analysis; Geographic variation.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000200028

Effect of natural selection on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) microsatellite alleles
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rodrigues,Taislene Butarello; Santos,João Bosco dos.
The effect of natural selection on microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) alleles was investigated in two distinct common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) generations (F8 and F24) derived from the cross between the P. vulgaris cultivars Carioca MG x ESAL 686. The F2 segregant population was propagated by the bulk method and 107 plants were sampled in two generations (F8 and F24). Each plant generated one family which was replicated by the bulk method to F8:11 and F24:27 families from which DNA was extracted. Thirty pairs of microsatellite primers were polymorphic for the parents and the bulk of the F24:27 families. Out of 30 loci selected by natural selection, 29 microsatellite alleles came from the Carioca MG parent and one allele came from the ESAL 686...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Natural selection; Microsatellite markers; Phaseolus vulgaris; Adaptation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572006000200024

Natural selection and family X location interaction in the common (dry) bean plant
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Pirola,Luís Henrique; Ramalho,Magno Antonio Patto; Carneiro,José Eustáquio S.; Abreu,Ângela de Fátima Barbosa.
Natural selection takes place while advancing generations of segregant populations of self pollinating species by the population (bulk) method. There is evidence that it maintains the individuals with greater grain yield. The question arises whether natural selection preserves the individuals which are more adapted only to the environment where the generation advance occurred, that is, if it contributes to increasing the genotype x environment interaction in the family assessment. This study was carried out to check this hypothesis in the common bean plant using families derived from a segregating population from a cross between the Carioca MG x ESAL 686 cultivars. The segregating populations increase in homozygosity was obtained by the population (bulk)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Genotype x environment interaction; Heritability; Common bean; Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Natural selection.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572002000300016

Apport des informations moléculaires et cellulaires pour la caractérisation de la résistance de l'huître plate européenne vis-à-vis de la bonamiose, et pour la détection de signatures de la sélection naturelle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Harrang, Estelle.
The European flat oyster, an endemic species from European coasts, has been classified in the category of "endangered and/or declining species" since 2003. Indeed, the natural beds of this oyster, consumed since ancient times, have gradually been decimated by over-exploitation and by successive emergence of parasitic diseases. The parasite that causes the disease called bonamiosis has contributed to drastically reduce the French and European aquacultural production of flat oyster. Marine bivalve molluscs display two specificities that restrict possibilities to fight against diseases: they are grown in an open environment, and possess an innate immune system lacking in adaptive response. In this context, the selection of animaIs naturally resistant to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître plate Européenne; Ostre edulis; Bonamiose; Bonamia ostreae; Marqueurs SNP; Expression génique; Activité hémocytaire; Cartographie de liaison; QTL; EQTL; Populations naturelles; Diversité génétique; Sélection naturelle; European flat oyster; Ostrea edulis; Bonamiosis; Bonamia ostreae; SNP markers; Gene expression; Haemocytic activity; Linkage map; QTL; EQTL; Natural populations; Genetic diversity; Genetic structure; Natural selection.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00127/23785/21702.pdf

Nutrients from salmon parents alter selection pressures on their offspring
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Auer, Sonya K.; Anderson, Graeme J.; Mckelvey, Simon; Bassar, Ronald D.; Mclennan, Darryl; Armstrong, John D.; Nislow, Keith H.; Downie, Helen K.; Mckelvey, Lynn; Morgan, Thomas A. J.; Salin, Karine; Orrell, Danielle L.; Gauthey, Alice; Reid, Thomas C.; Metcalfe, Neil B.
Organisms can modify their surrounding environment, but whether these changes are large enough to feed back and alter their evolutionary trajectories is not well understood, particularly in wild populations. Here we show that nutrient pulses from decomposing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parents alter selection pressures on their offspring with important consequences for their phenotypic and genetic diversity. We found a strong survival advantage to larger eggs and faster juvenile metabolic rates in streams lacking carcasses but not in streams containing this parental nutrient input. Differences in selection intensities led to significant phenotypic divergence in these two traits among stream types. Stronger selection in streams with low parental nutrient...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Eco-evolutionary dynamics; Eco-evolutionary feedbacks; Natural selection; Niche construction; Salmo salar; Selection differential; Selection gradient.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00414/52586/53426.pdf

Combating footnote status in evolutionary theory
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Jenner, R.A.
Tipo: Book review
Palavras-chave: Evolution; Natural selection; Variation; Developmental bias; 42.21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/215632

Allometry as evidence of sexual selection in monochromatic birds: the case of the Coscoroba Swan (Anseriformes: Anatidae)
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Calabuig,Cecilia P.; Green,Andy J.; Muriel,Roberto; Katzenberger,Marco; Patino-Martinez,Juan; Moreira,Heden M.
The Coscoroba Swan, Coscoroba coscoroba (Molina, 1782), is a poorly known aberrant Anserine endemic to South America. We captured adult birds (189 male, 157 female) from the largest population in Brazil at the Taim Ecological Reserve, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Different patterns between sexes can reflect differences in selection, and positive allometry may indicate that a character is sexually selected. We used body weight and 10 morphological measurements to examine allometric differences between males and females of C. coscoroba. Males were consistently larger than females. Analysis of scaling relationships against body mass showed that nostril, tail, wing and bill height were positively allometric (i.e., heavier birds had relatively larger...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Monomorphic; Natural selection; Waterfowl; Scaling.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702013000400008

The origin of species by means of natural drift
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: MATURANA-ROMESIN,HUMBERTO; MPODOZIS,JORGE.
In this article we propose that the mechanism that gave rise to the diversity of living systems that we find today, as well as to the biosphere as coherent system of interrelated autonomous living systems, is natural drift. And we also propose that that which we biologists connote with the expression natural selection is a consequence of the history of the constitution of the biosphere through natural drift, and not the mechanism that generates that history. Moreover, we do this by proposing: a) that the history of living systems on earth is the history of the arising, conservation, and diversification of lineages through reproduction, and not of populations; b) that biological reproduction is a systemic process of conservation of a particular...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Evolution; Natural drift; Natural selection; Lineage; Organism; Species.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2000000200005

Beyond Darwin: On the role of niche construction and self-organization in evolution
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: MARQUET,PABLO A.
In this essay I point out to two processes that can potentially complement the classical view of evolution by natural selection as outlined by Darwin, which captures only part of the processes driving adaptive evolution. This classical view should be complemented with sources of order generated within the biological system itself in response to its own structure and dynamics (i.e. self-organization) and by considering the existence of a fundamental circularity in the interaction between the organism and its environment, such that the action of the organisms modify their selective environment thereby affecting their own evolution. The formalization and inclusión of these two processes (and their interaction) represent major challenges and opportunities for...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Darwin; Natural selection; Self-organization.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2009000400004

An evolutionary frame of work to study physiological adaptation to high altitudes
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: REZENDE,ENRICO L.; GOMES,FERNANDO R.; GHALAMBOR,CAMERON K.; RUSSELL,GREGORY A.; CHAPPELLl,MARK A.
How complex physiological systems evolve is one of the major questions in evolutionary physiology. For example, how traits interact at the physiological and genetic level, what are the roles of development and plasticity in Darwinian evolution, and eventually how physiological traits will evolve, remains poorly understood. In this article we summarize the current frame of work evolutionary physiologists are employing to study the evolution of physiological adaptations, as well as the role of developmental and reversible phenotypic plasticity in this context. We also highlight representative examples of how the integration of evolutionary and developmental physiology, concomitantly with the mechanistic understanding of physiological systems, can provide a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Evolutionary processes; Natural selection; Life-history; Oxygen availability; Phenotypic plasticity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2005000200016

Ever since Darwin?
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: CAMUS,PATRICIO A.
Throughout the whole year 2009, the global biological community has celebrated the legacy of Charles Darwin, commemorating the anniversaries of his birth and the publication of "The origin", one of the most influential books of modern history. In this context, the Revista Chilena de Historia Natural inaugurates its new "Special Features" section with four independent essays dealing with the past, present and future of Darwin's ideas. This initial presentation focuses on some loóse ends of this Darwinfest, particularly on some forgotten anniversaries directly or indirectly related with Darwin's, and summarizes the contributions of the three essays following this introduction in the present issue.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Darwinism; Lamarck; Natural selection; Wallace.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2009000400001

Is the evolutionary theory still useful?: A review with examples
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: NESPOLO,ROBERTO F.
Evolutionary biology is experiencing an exceptional process of revisión and outreach because of the 200-anniversary if the birth of Charles Darwin. As a consequence, the study of organic evolution and also its teaching are being discussed at several levels, by evolutionary biologists, biologists and scholars outside evolutionary biology and by the general public. In this scenario, a didactic explanation of how biologists address evolutionary research in real populations seems to be useful. Using actual research examples, here I tried to outline how the classic theory (termed here as the "basic scheme") is useful to answer relevant questions in biology and how a less dogmatic paradigm (or a more versatile one) would be needed when dealing with the most...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Character displacement; Microevolution; Modern synthesis; Natural selection; Population genetics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2010000400003

The threat from creationism to the rational teaching of biology
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: CORNISH-BOWDEN,ATHEL; CÁRDENAS,MARÍA LUZ.
Most biologists outside the USA and a few other countries, like Australia and Canada, are under the impression that the threat to the teaching of biology represented by creationism does not concern them directly. This is unfortunately no longer true: the recent growth of creationism, especially in its pseudo-scientific manifestation known as "intelligent design", has been obvious in several countries of Western Europe, especially the UK, Germany and Poland, and it is beginning to be noticeable in Brazil, and maybe elsewhere in Latin America. The problem is complicated by the fact that there are not just two possibilities, evolution and creationism, because creationism comes in various incompatible varieties. Turkey is now a major source of creationist...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Education; Creationism; Intelligent design; Fundamentalism; Evolution; Natural selection.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602007000200002

Upstream guppies (Poecilia reticulata, Peters, 1859) go against the flow
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Mohammed,Ryan Simon; van Oosterhout,Cock; Schelkle,Bettina; Cable,Joanne; McMullan,Mark.
Guppies (Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859) in lakes and from captive-bred populations are predicted to show little rheotaxis compared to conspecifics in a stream environment that are regularly exposed to flash floods associated with involuntary downstream migration. Here we test this hypothesis using an artificial stream, examining guppies of two wild riverine populations, one lake population, and one ornamental strain. Guppies from the most upstream riverine habitat show the most pronounced rheotaxis and are less likely to be swept downstream during flooding events. However, there is no significant difference between guppies from the lowland riverine habitat, the Pitch Lake and ornamental strain. We propose that station-keeping behaviours are most strongly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Guppy/Poecilia reticulata; Rheotaxis; Swimming behaviour; Migration; Natural selection.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032012000300006