Consulta: subjectFacets:"O52"
Registros recuperados: 10
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 05:24:59

Being Poor, Feeling Poorer: Combining Objective and Subjective Measures of Welfare in Albania
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carletto,   Calogero; Zezza,   Alberto.
As shown empirically for many transition economies, even small changes in assumptions on economies of size and adult equivalence scales are likely to produce significant changes in the analysis of poverty and its distribution across households and individuals. Since such exercises are then used to orient and prioritize policy actions (e.g. the targeting of scarce social assistance resources) it is important to refine our understanding of the extent to which poverty measures and the resulting profiles are sensitive to specific assumptions. In this paper we investigate how combining objective and subjective measures of welfare can provide insights that are helpful in addressing these questions, particularly with respect to the presence of economies of scale...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Poverty Measurement; Subjective Poverty; Equivalence Scales; Economies of Scale in Consumption; Albania.; Food Security and Poverty; I31; I32; O52; D60.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23801

Die Osterweiterung aus raumwirtschaftlicher Perspektive - Prognosen regionalokonomischer Theorien und Erfahrungen aus der bisherigen Integration in Europa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lammers,   Konrad.
Im Zuge der Osterweiterung der Europäischen Union eröffnen sich für die Beitrittskandidatenländer gute Möglichkeiten, wirtschaftliche Aktivitäten aus Westeuropa und anderswo zu attrahieren und im Pro-Kopf-Einkommen aufzuholen. Der Aufholprozess der Beitrittsländer wird jedoch von zunehmender regionaler Divergenz in diesen Ländern begleitet sein. Diese Einschätzung beruht auf den Erfahrungen bei früheren Integrationsprozessen in Europa, insbesondere bei der Süderweiterung, und der ökonomischen Entwicklung in den Kohäsionsländern. Die bisherige Entwicklung der Beitrittskandidatenländer, die im Hinblick auf Handels- und Direktinvestitionsverflechtungen bereits in hohem Maße mit Westeuropa verflochten sind, bestätigen diese Einschätzungen. In the course of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Enlargement; Regional convergence; Integration; Economic geography; Political Economy; F15; O52; O18; R12.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26126

EU ENLARGEMENT - A NEW DIMENSION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brockmeier,   Martina; Herok,   Claudia Anna; Ledebur,   Oliver von; Salamon,   Petra.
Enlarging the EU presents a tremendous effort with obstacles for old and new member states especially in the agricultural sector. In this paper, impacts of a new accession round were analyzed with the help of the comparative-static general equilibrium model GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project). The standard version was extended to allow for a better representation of specific instruments of the Common Agriculture Policy and the EU budget. To capture detailed effects in new member states, simulations were carried out for 12 candidate countries, the EU-15 and the rest of the world. As for products the focus lies on agriculture. Scenarios include an enlargement with and without the transfer of direct payments in the new member states, according to the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: EU enlargement; Common Agricultural Policy; EU budget; GE-modeling; Political Economy; D58; E62; F15; O52; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25893

Bilingualism and Communicative Benefits
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gabszewicz,   Jean; Ginsburgh,   Victor; Weber,   Shlomo.
We examine patterns of acquiring non-native languages in a model with two languages and two populations with heterogeneous learning skills, where every individual faces a binary choice of learning the foreign language or refraining from doing so. We show that both interior and corner linguistic equilibria can emerge in our framework, and that the fraction of learners of the foreign language is higher in the country with a higher gross cost adjusted communicative benefit. It turns out that this observation is consistent with the data on language proficiency in bilingual countries such as Belgium and Canada. We also point out that linguistic equilibria can exhibit insufficient learning which opens the door for government policies that are beneficial for both...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Communicative Benefits; Linguistic Equilibrium; Learning Costs; Labor and Human Capital; C72; D83; O52; Z13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6380

Estimate of the Potential Adoption of Genetically Modified Cotton by Farmers in Southern Spain and its Economic Implications
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomez-Barbero,   Manuel; Rodgriguez-Cerezo,   Emilio.
This paper analyses the potential adoption and economic on-farm impact of Bt cotton in the Andalusia region (southern Spain). Survey data have shown that, on average, 58% of the responding farmers know about genetically modified (GM) cotton. Another outcome of the survey is that 95% of the farmers declaring that they know about GM cotton would be willing to grow Bt cotton. In the main cotton-producing districts, farmers' attitudes are positive, and they would be willing to adopt the technology. In areas where the crop is more important, the farmers who are willing to adopt Bt cotton represent over 75% of the area under cotton. As regards the on-farm economic impact resulting from a potential adoption, the assessment is that savings on the cost of direct...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cotton; Economic impact; Andalusia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q16; Q20; Q12; O52.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24556

RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ITS IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: FINDINGS OF A COMPARATIVE STUDY IN CENTRAL, EASTERN AND SOUTHERN EUROPE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolz,   Axel; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Markus,   Richard.
Rising energy prices for fossil fuels, the unreliable supply of energy imports during the last winters and – concerning the 12 new members states (NMS) – the demand by the European Union (EU) for developing National Renewable Energy Action Plans have stimulated the national discussion and political action on renewable energy (RE) among all European countries. Particularly among the 12 NMS the share of RE has increased during the last years. Among the candidate and potential candidate countries (CC and PCC) the discussion on RE has just started. When looking at the impact of RE on agricultural and rural development the effects are relatively small. An expansion of rape seed cultivation and, to a smaller extent, of the production of wood pellets could be...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Renewable energy; Comparative survey; Agricultural and rural development; New members states of the EU; Candidate and potential candidate countries.; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Political Economy; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O52; Q10; Q28; Q42; R11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94719

REMIND-D: A Hybrid Energy-Economy Model of Germany
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schmid,   Eva; Knopf,   Brigitte; Bauer,   Nico.
This paper presents a detailed documentation of the hybrid energy-economy model REMIND-D. REMIND-D is a Ramsey-type growth model for Germany that integrates a detailed bottom-up energy system module, coupled by a hard link. The model provides a quantitative framework for analyzing long-term domestic CO2 emission reduction scenarios. Due to its hybrid nature, REMIND-D facilitates an integrated analysis of the interplay between technological mitigation options in the different sectors of the energy system as well as overall macroeconomic dynamics. REMIND-D is an intertemporal optimization model, featuring optimal annual mitigation effort and technology deployment as a model output. In order to provide transparency on model assumptions, this paper gives an...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Hybrid Model; Germany; Energy System; Domestic Mitigation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O41; O52; Q43.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121911

Agglomeration, Spatial Interaction and Convergence in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brauninger,   Michael; Niebuhr,   Annekatrin.
We investigate the convergence process among EU regions between 1980-2002 taking into account the effects of spatial heterogeneity and spatial spillover effects. The spatial regimes model allows for different steady-state growth paths. In contrast to previous analyses, the regimes in this paper refer to spatial categories, i.e. we assume that agglomerations, urbanised and rural regions are characterised by group-specific steadystates. Moreover, the regression analysis considers the effects of interaction among neighbouring regions, possibly leading to a spatial dependence of regional growth rates. We check whether spatial dependence is caused by spatial spillovers or based on country effects.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Convergence; Agglomeration; European Union; Spatial econometrics; Quantile regression; International Development; C21; O52; R11.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26150

Agriculture in Post-War Bosnia and Herzegovina: Social Buffer vs. Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bojnec,   Stefan.
This paper draws attention to the specific post-civil-war situation in agriculture and the food sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&amp;H). These developments are presented in an association with the overall situation in the country. Due to economic and non-economic reasons, B&amp;H faces a general problem of a lack of international competitiveness. In a current situation, there are rare products to be internationally competitive and the country relies on imports of food and other products. During the post-civil-war emergency and reconstruction stage, the bulk of food and agricultural inputs, were donated or granted by different governments, humanitarian organizations, and donors to mitigate the effects of widespread poverty caused by the war destructions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Social buffer; Land leasing; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Agribusiness; Q15; Q18; O13; O52.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24726

ASSESSING KOSOVO'S HORTICULTURAL POTENTIAL - THE MARKET FOR FRUIT AND VEGETABLES ON THE BALKANS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Christian.
SUMMARY Kosovo had been a net exporter – at least of some – fruit and vegetables in the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia before the civil war. Current reconstruction efforts therefore focus on restoring the past horticultural potential of the now independent province. This paper analyses the competitiveness of the Kosovar fruit and vegetable sector. By calculating average net trade flows during 1996-2000 for more than 20 individual fruit and vegetables and seven ag-gregates, demand potentials for the Balkan regional market are identified for potatoes, lettuce, garlic, dried beans and pears. In addition, average export unit values are calculated as price proxies in order to assess export price competitiveness in the region. While demand potentials for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Kosovo; Balkans; Horticulture; Market analysis; Export potential; Agriculture in international trade; Agricultural and natural resource economies; Aggregate supply and demand analysis; Prices; Kosovo; Balkan; Marktanalyse; Nachfragepotential; Internationaler Agrar-handel; Agrar- und Ressourcenökonomie; Analysen des aggregierten Ange-bots und der aggegrierten Nachfrage; Preise; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing; D40; F14; O52; Q00; Q11; Q17.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14931