Consulta: subjectFacets:"Pakistan"
Registros recuperados: 40
Data/hora: 15/06/2024 23:55:54

Prevalence and chemotherapy of babesiosis among Lohi sheep in the Livestock Experiment Station, Qadirabad, Pakistan, and environs
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Rashid,A; Khan,JA; Khan,MS; Rasheed,K; Maqbool,A; Iqbal,J.
A total of 310 blood smears were collected from sheep of the Livestock Experiment Station, Qadirabad, Sahiwal district, Pakistan, and surrounding areas. The samples were examined microscopically and 30 (9.67%) were positive for babesiosis. The animals were divided into two groups (A and B) for chemotherapy. Group A sheep were treated with diminazene diaceturate while group B animals received imidocarb dipropionate. Drug efficacy was determined by negative blood smear examination. Diminazene diaceturate effectiveness against babesiosis was 80% while that of imidocarb dipropionate was 100%. Hematological studies revealed a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values for Babesia-positive animals compared to healthy controls.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Babesiosis; Sheep; Hemoglobin; Hematocrit; Diminazene; Imidocarb; Pakistan.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992010000400008

Sero-epidemiological and haematological studies on toxoplasmosis in cats,dogs and their owners in Lahore, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Shahzad, Azeem; Sarwar Khan, Muhammad; Ashraf, Kamran; Avais, Muhammad; Pervez, Khalid; Ali Khan, Jawaria.
The current study was conducted to find out the epidemiological status of toxoplasmosis in cats, dogs and human population in Lahore city of Pakistan and to determine the possibility of transmission of toxoplasmosis from cats and dogs to their owners. Overall 56% cats were seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies. Stray cats had the high prevalence (64%) followed by domestic cats (48%). The highest prevalence (71%) was detected in cat in the 7 year or above age group. The seropositivity percentage of toxoplasmosis was highest in local breeds of the cats (64%). Overall 39% dogs were seropositive for anti- Toxoplasma antibodies. Stray dogs had the high prevalence (50%) than the domestic dogs (28%). The highest prevalence of toxoplasmosis (45.9%) was...
Palavras-chave: Toxoplasmosis; Prevalence; Dogs; Cats; Pakistan.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/998

Ethnobotanical study and conservation status of trees in the district Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Shah,A; Rahim,S; Bhatti,KH; Khan,A; Din,N; Imran,M; Mohsin,M; Ishtiaq,M; Nabila,A; Ansari,A; Hussain,S; Zafar,M; Mushtaq,M; Mumtaz,E; Iqbal,J.
Sargodha district is one of the least studied regions of Pakistan regarding its ethnobotanical values. This paper is the frst report related to the documentation and conservation status of the tree species in the Sargodha district, and their folk ethnobotanical uses. An interview base survey was conducted in the study area in 2010-2013. The ethnobotanical data revealed the use of 100 tree species (6 gymnosperms, 94 angiosperms) belonging to 77 genera (6 gymnosperms, 71 angiosperms) and 39 families (4 gymnosperms, 35 angiosperms), with the Fabaceae ranking first with 19 tree species, followed by the Moraceae (12 species). Tree species like Aegle marmelos, Butea monosperma, Diospyrus malabarica, Gmelina arborea, Kigelia africana, Manilkara hexandra,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ethnobotanical study; Medicinal plants; Sargodha; Pakistan.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572015000100006

Distribution of Benefits and Adoption of Bt Cotton in Pakistan: Ex-ante Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nazli,   Hina; Sarker,   Rakhal; Meilke,   Karl D.; Orden,   David.
This poster presents the potential impact of Bt cotton adoption in Pakistan. The size and distribution of economic benefits from the commercial adoption of Bt cotton in Pakistan are examined under four hypothetical scenarios. The adjusted economic surplus model is used to measure total benefits and their distribution between producers, consumers and technology innovators. To account for uncertainty in key parameters, the stochastic simulation techniques is applied. The results show that the total net benefits of adopting Bt cotton in Pakistan are large. As a result of increase in production, farmers get considerable benefits despite a decline in price. The share of benefits to innovators is small. The results indicate that the total cost of adopting latest...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Economic surplus model; Pakistan; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61180

Basin-level use and productivity of water: examples from South Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molden,   David J.; Sakthivadivel,   Ramasamy; Habib,   Zaigham.
Discusses and illustrates concepts for identifying ways of improving productivity of water within basins. The results of applying a water accounting procedure to four sub-basins in South Asia (Bhakra in India; Chishtian in Pakistan; Huruluwewa in northern Sri Lanka; and Kirindi Oya in southern Sri Lanka) are presented. The methodology used identifies the quantities and productivity of various uses of water within a basin. This information is then used to identify the water-saving potential, and the means of improving the productivity of the managed supplies.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water management; Water conservation; River basins; Water use; Productivity; Case studies; Irrigated farming; Indicators; Water scarcity; South Asia; India; Pakistan; Sri Lanka; Bhakra; Chishtian; Kirindi Oya; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61099

Human Capital Productivity, and Labor Allocation in Rural Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fafchamps,   Marcel; Quisumbing,   Agnes R.
This paper investigates whether human capital affects the productivity and labor allocation of rural households in four districts of Pakistan. The investigation shows that households with better-educated males earn higher off-farm income and divert labor resources away from farm activities toward nonfarm work. Education has no significant effect on productivity in crop and livestock production. The effect of human capital on household incomes is partly realized through the reallocation of labor from low-productivity activities to nonfarm work. Female education and nutrition do not affect productivity and labor allocation in any systematic fashion, a finding that is consistent with the marginal role women play in market-oriented activities in Pakistan. As a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Female Labor; Income distribution; Gender issues; Labor productivity; Pakistan; Gender; Childcare; Work; Labor and Human Capital; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97040

Effects of exchange rate and trade policies on agriculture in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dorosh,   Paul A.; Valdes,   Alberto.
This report on Pakistan is one of a series of country studies undertaken by the International Trade and Food Security Program are IFPRI on trade and macroeconomic policies. Other studies in this series include research reports on Colombia, Argentina, Nigeria, Zaire, and the Philippines, and collaborative work with the World Bank on this tonic in several other countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.  The findings from this research have vividly shown the need to analyze the effects of policy interventions in agriculture in developing countries in an economic-wide framework. There is now an overwhelming body of evidence showing that trade and exchange rate policies have, in most countries, had a far greater impact, generally adverse, on agricultural...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Produce trade; Government policy; Pakistan; Agriculture prices; Foreign exchange problem; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42161

Adoption and Impacts of Zero-Tillage in the Rice-Wheat Zone of Irrigated Punjab, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Farooq,   Umar; Sharif,   Muhammad; Erenstein,   Olaf.
This study documents the adoption and impacts of zero-tillage (ZT) wheat in the ricewheat systems of Pakistan’s Punjab province primarily drawing on a detailed empirical survey of 458 rice-wheat farmers. Our random stratified sample revealed 19% to be ZT wheat adopters and a similar share of the wheat area in the surveyed communities to be under ZT. The study suggests that diffusion has stagnated and also flags the issue of disadoption (14%). ZT adopters, non-adopters, and disadopters differ significantly in terms of their resource bases, with adopters typically showing the most favorable values. ZT drastically reduces tractor operations in farmers’ ZT wheat fields from an average of 8 passes to a single pass, implying a saving of 7 tractor hours and 35...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Rice; Agricultural development; Drilling equipment; Economic analysis; Innovation adoption; Farming systems; Cropping patterns; Production costs; Zero tillage; Pakistan; Crop Production/Industries; E16; F08.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56095

Need for institutional impact assessment in planning irrigation system modernization
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa.
Presents a case study of the institutional implications of remodeling an old irrigation system in northern Pakistan. Highlights the importance for donors and project planners to consider institutional issues such as water allocation rules, operation procedures, and organizational capacity for post-construction system management along with changes to the physical infrastructure.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigation management; Irrigation systems; Water allocation; Rehabilitation; Modernization; Case studies; Institutional constraints; Operations; Maintenance; Irrigation canals; Irrigation effects; Pakistan; Lower Swat Canal; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52967

Sources of Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Richard H., Jr.; He,   Jane J.
Throughout the developing world, policy makers are interested in devising new strategies for improving income distribution and reducing poverty. In large part, the choice of such strategies depends on an improved understanding of the sources of income inequality. Why do certain types of incomes go to different set of people? And what roles do variables such as education and migration play in improving income distribution and in lifting people out of poverty?   This work attempts to answer these questions for rural Pakistan by analyzing a three-year panel data set collected in collaboration with four research institutes in Pakistan. This extensive series of household interviews enables the authors to examines many dynamic income-related issues that cannot...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Income distribution; Pakistan; Rural poor; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37909

Adoption and impacts of zero tillage as a resource conserving technology in the irrigated plains of South Asia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Erenstein,   Olaf; Farooq,   Umar; Malik,   R.K.; Sharif,   Muhammad.
The recent stagnation of productivity growth in the irrigated areas of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia has led to a quest for resource-conserving technologies that can save water, reduce production costs and improve production. The present synthesis of two detailed country studies confirmed widespread adoption of zero tillage (ZT) wheat in the rice-wheat systems of India’s Haryana State (34.5% of surveyed households) and Pakistan’s Punjab province (19%). The combination of a significant “yield effect” and “cost-saving effect” makes adoption worthwhile and is the main driver behind the rapid spread and widespread acceptance of ZT in Haryana, India. In Punjab, Pakistan, adoption is driven by the significant ZT-induced cost savings for wheat...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Zero tillage; Rice; Wheat; Water conservation; India; Pakistan; Haryana; Punjab; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91816

YIELD RESPONSE IN PAKISTAN AGRICULTURE: A COINTEGRATION APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mushtaq,   Khalid; Dawson,   P.J.
We seek to quantify and evaluate the supply (yield) response of wheat and cotton in Pakistan using cointegration analysis and annual data for 1960-96.  The results reveal that wheat supply is significantly influenced by the prices of wheat, cotton, and fertilizer, the percentage area under high yielding wheat varieties, and the rabi season (winter) water availability.  The cotton supply is found to be significantly influenced by the real cotton price, the real fertilizer price, and in the irrigated area.  The wheat supply was found to be inelastic both in the short- and long-run.  However, cotton supply was elastic in the long-run.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pakistan; Supply response; Wheat; Cotton; Cointegration.; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25931

Productivity and performance of irrigated wheat farms across canal commands in the Lower Indus Basin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hussain,   Intizar; Marikar,   Fuard; Jehangir,   Waqar Ahmed.
A study of the enormous differences in agricultural productivity that exist across farms and regions in Pakistan, where, for example, recent farm-level data from Sindh, indicates that irrigated wheat output per hectare varies from 0.5 to 5.4 tons across farms. Looks at the central goal of agricultural policy in the country, viz. improving and sustaining productivity, narrowing the existing productivity gaps, and enhancing resource use efficiencies to meet food requirements of a rapidly growing population.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Wheat; Productivity; Performance evaluation; Water management; Cropping systems; Water supply; Soil properties; Models; Pakistan; Lower Indus Basin; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53023

Range and Limit of Geographical Indication Scheme: The Case of Basmati Rice from Punjab, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giraud,   Georges.
Basmati is well renowned as the most aromatic rice over the world. Populated urban markets are prone to accept a premium to Basmati, whom price is the highest for rice on trade and domestic markets. Punjab province represents 90% of overall Basmati rice production in Pakistan since immemorial times. This area forms the genuine alluvial lands appropriate for Basmati cultivation. Due to its price premium, some opportunist behaviors appear such as cropping blending of polished long grain from other varieties. The need of protection is clearly documented, but the registration of a Geographical Indication, will probably increase Basmati market shortages.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Basmati rice; Marketing; Commodity chain; Geographical Indication; Pakistan; Marketing; Q10; Q13; Q15.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53628

Is Greater Decisionmaking Power of Women Associated With Reduced Gender Discrimination in South Asia?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Lisa C.; Byron,   Elizabeth.
Recent research has shown that improving women’s decisionmaking power relative to men’s within households leads to improvements in a variety of well-being outcomes for children. In South Asia, where the influence of women’s power is particularly strong, these outcomes include children’s nutritional status and the quality of feeding and health care practices. Focusing on nutritional status, this paper presents the results of a study investigating whether increases in women’s power have a stronger positive influence on the nutritional status of their daughters than their sons. If so, then increasing women’s power not only improves the well-being of children as a group, but also serves as a force to reduce long-standing discrimination that undermines female...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Gender discrimination; Nutritional status; Bangladesh; India; Nepal; Pakistan; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59285

Land and water productivity of wheat in the Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and Pakistan:  a comparative analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hussain,   Intizar; Sakthivadivel,   Ramasamy; Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Mudasser,   Muhammad; Molden,   David J.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Wheat; Crop yield; Productivity; Climate; Irrigation canals; Watercourses; Water distribution; Water allocation; Policy; India; Pakistan; Gangetic Plains; Kaithal Irrigation Circle; Bhakra Canal; Chaj Sub-Basin; Lower Jehlum Canal; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52972

Productivity and performance of irrigated wheat farms across canal commands in the Lower Indus Basin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hussain,   Intizar; Marikar,   Fuard; Jehangir,   Waqar Ahmed.
A study of the enormous differences in agricultural productivity that exist across farms and regions in Pakistan, where, for example, recent farm-level data from Sindh, indicates that irrigated wheat output per hectare varies from 0.5 to 5.4 tons across farms. Looks at the central goal of agricultural policy in the country, viz. improving and sustaining productivity, narrowing the existing productivity gaps, and enhancing resource use efficiencies to meet food requirements of a rapidly growing population.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Irrigated farming; Wheat; Productivity; Performance evaluation; Water management; Cropping systems; Water supply; Soil properties; Models; Pakistan; Lower Indus Basin; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53024

Poverty, Household Food Security, and Nutrition in Rural Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alderman,   Harold; Garcia,   Marito.
Designing strategies and policies that will alleviate poverty and improve household food security and nutritional well being is one of the most important challenges facing government policymakers in developing countries. The choice of strategies and policies depends in large part on understanding the dynamics of poverty, especially the mechanisms by which households acquire and spend income and cope with cries such as poor harvest or loss of employment. This work by Harold Alderman and Marito Gracia represents IFPRI's first comprehensive analysis of the longitudinal data on 800 households collected between 1986 and 1989 in Pakistan. This unique data set enables researchers to examine the temporal dimensions of food security, income and labor dynamics,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Pakistan; Rural poor; Health behavior; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37963

The Determinants of Rural Household Food Security in the Punjab, Pakistan: An Econometric Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bashir,   Muhammad Khalid; Schilizzi,   Steven; Pandit,   Ram.
Pakistan is one of the leading producers of important agricultural commodities in the world with a relatively high proportion of undernourished population (26 %). This study aims to examine the food security trends in Pakistan in general, and to find out the household level food security and its key determinants in the rural areas of the Punjab Province in particular. Both secondary and primary data were used. Secondary data were obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Bank and Government of Pakistan’s data sources. Primary data were collected from 1152 households in 12 districts of the Punjab province using questionnaire survey. The analysis was done in two phases i.e. (Phase-A) identification of food security trends, at national...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Food security; Rural households; Logistic regression; Punjab; Pakistan; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; I30; Q18 and R20.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122526

Demand for High-value Secondary Crops in Developing Countries: The Case of Potatoes in Bangladesh and Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bouis,   Howarth E.; Scott,   Gregory.
Secondary crops are of increasing interest to policymakers and planners in developing countries because of a desire to diversify economic activities and because of their proven potential to raise farm incomes and rural employment. To assess this potential, basic information on the demand characteristics for these crops is required. But, given the large number of possible crops to be studied, policy analysts require an estimation procedure that is less data-intensive and time-intensive than standard econometric estimation procedures. In this paper, a relatively new, low-cost procedure, based on demand for food characteristics, is applied, illustrating its usefulness for analysis of demand for potatoes in Bangladesh and Pakistan. In Asia, the potato should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Economics; Methodology; Pakistan; Potatoes; Economic aspects; Crop diversification; Price Maintenance; Asia; Bangladesh; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97300

Determinants of Public Health expenditures in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abbas,   Faisal; Hiemenz,   Ulrich.
This study describes the macroeconomic determinants of health care spending in a broad context using time series data from Pakistan on economic, demographic, social, and political variables. The data spans a period from 1972- 2006 and was analyzed using cointegration and error correction approaches. All variables were found to be first difference stationary and the results confirm the presence of one cointegrating vector. This proves the existence of a long-run relationship between public health care expenditures and the other variables used in the model. The income elasticity of public health care expenditures is estimated at 0.23. As this value is less than unity it suggests that, contrary to most of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Public Health Expenditures; Unemployment; Urbanization; Cointegration; Time series; Pakistan; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118422

Identifying Asset Poverty Thresholds – New methods with an application to Pakistan and Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Naschold,   Felix.
Understanding how households escape poverty depends on understanding how they accumulate assets over time. Therefore, identifying the degree of linearity in household asset dynamics, and specifically any potential asset poverty thresholds, is of fundamental interest to the design of poverty reduction policies. If household asset holdings converged unconditionally to a single long run equilibrium, then all poor could be expected to escape poverty over time. In contrast, if there are critical asset thresholds that trap households below the poverty line, then households would need specific assistance to escape poverty. Similarly, the presence of asset poverty thresholds would mean that short term asset shocks could lead to long term destitution, thus...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty dynamics; Semiparametric Estimation; Penalized Splines; Pakistan; Ethiopia; Consumer/Household Economics; I32; C14; O12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19115

Economic Performance of Bt Cotton Varieties in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nazli,   Hina; Sarker,   Rakhal; Meilke,   Karl D.; Orden,   David.
Farmers in Pakistan have been growing cotton that contains the first generation of Bt gene since 2002. The cultivation of these varieties, although formally unapproved and unregulated, increased rapidly after 2005. In 2007, nearly 60 percent of the cotton area was under BT varieties. This paper examines the economic performance of Bt cotton in Pakistan based on data collected through a structured questionnaire survey in January-February 2009 in two districts (Bahawalpur and Mirpur Khas). The extent of the impact of Bt cotton on costs of production and yield gains are different across the two districts with their diverse agro-climatic conditions and pest pressures. Seed expenditures increase in both districts, but a decline in the number of bollworm sprays...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bt cotton; Economic performance; Pakistan; Bahawalpur; Mirpur Khas; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61181

Remittances, Income Distribution, and Rural Asset Accumulation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adams,   Richard H., Jr.
This paper examines the direct, first-rounds impact of two types of remittances—internal and external remittances—on income distribution and asset accumulation in rural Pakistan. Using income decomposition techniques on a three-year panel household data set, the paper finds that internal remittances have a positive effect on equity and that external remittances have a negative effect. The study also uses an asset-accumulation model to pinpoint the effect of remittances on five types of rural assets: irrigated land owned, rainfed land owned, livestock assets, agricultural capital, and nonfarm assets. The results show that remittances do have an effect on rural asset accumulation. While external remittances have a positive and significant effect on the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Income Distribution; Land Use; Agricultural Economics; Livestock; Pakistan; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97305

Effect of different pruning intensities on the growth of Acacia nilotica (Kikar)
Provedor de dados: 115
Autores: Siddiqui,Tahir; Fattakh Nawaz,Muhammad; Ahmed,Irfan.
In many species, natural pruning is never a satisfactory option if production of clear wood is a management objective. Acacia nilotica is well adapted specie to the arid and semiarid climate of Pakistan and plays an important role in rural economy of the country. Traditional pruning is carried out to maximize the amount of clear-wood production but the effect of this practice on tree growth, still unknown. So a preliminary pruning trial was conducted at two different sites, UAF and PARS, in Faisalabad- Pakistan. All pruning treatments resulted in reduction in diameter growth. However, significant reduction in diameter growth was observed when crown removal was more than 40 %. A taper study was done by taking diameter measurements at different heights. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acacia nilotica; Diameter growth; Stem taper; Pakistan.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-31952010000100009

Assessment of the yield loss imparted by Orobanche aegyptiaca in tomato in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: AHMAD,TANVEER; AHMAD,BILAL; TARIQ,RANA M. SABIR; SYED,M. ZIA-UL-HASSAN; AHMAD,ZAHOOR.
Abstract Broomrapes (Orobanche sp.) are root holoparasitic plants causing severe damage to various families of horticultural crops. A Preliminary survey was carried in tomato fields infested with orobanche in Potohar plateau of Pakistan. Results indicated that each planting bed comprising10-12 tomato plants contained 7-8 parasitic weeds. Overall survey indicated the 65-70% plants suffered partial or complete yield loss. Further, it was estimated that the number of weeds inhabiting plant-1 was ranged from 2-4. Yield loss was estimated at 57.17 tons/ha while in terms of financial loss, it was 2579.87 $/ha. Hence total estimated loss on the total surveyed area of 16 hectares was 41395.85 $. The high potential of tomato cultivation in Pakistan reinforces the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Broomrapes; Orobanche; Pakistan; Tomato.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000703559

Attributable risk of Capillaria species in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica)
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Qamar,M.F.; Butt,A.; Ehtisham-ul-Haque,S.; Zaman,M.A.
ABSTRACT Fecal samples were collected from 120 domestic pigeons to determine the Attributable risk of Capillaria spp. The Capillaria spp. was observed in 64 out of 120 (51%) pigeons (70 males and 50 females) under this study. A total of 64 (39 males and 25 females) were found naturally infected with Capillaria spp. with infection percentage of 51% and 50% in males and females respectively. Qualitative examinations include the direct microscopy and faecal floatation while quantitative examination includes McMaster technique (worms load was calculated per gram of the faeces). Month wise Attributable risk showed that eggs of the worms were found to be abundant in the month of July during the present study (60% to 73%) because of high humidity. Very high and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Attributable risk; Capillaria species; Pigeons; Pakistan.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352017000501172

The p. N103K mutation of leptin (LEP) gene and severe early onset obesity in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Shabana,; Hasnain,Shahida.
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a complex disorder and has been increasing globally at alarming rates including Pakistan. However, there is scarce research on understanding obesity genetics in Pakistan. Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes in response to satiety and correlates with body weight. Any mutations in the LEP gene have an adverse effect on energy regulation pathway and lead to severe, early onset obesity. To date, only eight mutations have been described in the LEP gene of which p. N103K is one. METHODS: We aimed to analyze the prevalence of this mutation in Pakistani subjects. A total of 475 subjects were genotyped by PCR-RFLP analysis and their serum profiling was done. RESULTS: Results showed that this mutation was present only in one male child...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Leptin; P. N103K; Pakistan.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100023

Compositional studies and biological activities of some mash bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) cultivars commonly consumed in Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Zia-Ul-Haq,Muhammad; Ahmad,Shakeel; Bukhari,Shazia Anwer; Amarowicz,Ryszard; Ercisli,Sezai; Jaafar,Hawa ZE.
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the desire to adopt a healthy diet has drawn attention to legume seeds and food products derived from them. Mash bean is an important legume crop used in Pakistan however a systematic mapping of the chemical composition of mash bean seeds is lacking. Therefore seeds of four mash bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, family Leguminoseae) cultivars (NARC-Mash-1, NARC-Mash-2, NARC-Mash-3, NARC-Mash-97) commonly consumed in Pakistan have been analyzed for their chemical composition, antioxidant potential and biological activities like inhibition of formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity. RESULTS: The investigated cultivars varied in terms of biochemical composition to various...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nutrients; Antioxidant potential; Mash bean cultivar; Pakistan.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602014000100023

Sequence analysis of genes associated with resistance to chloroquine and sulphadoxine pyrimethamine in P. falciparum and P. vivax isolates from the Bannu district of Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Khatoon,Lubna; Baliraine,Frederick N.; Malik,Salman A.; Yan,Guiyun.
Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are becoming resistant to drugs including antifolates, sulphonamides and chloroquine. This study was focused at sequence analysis of resistant genes of these parasites against sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and chloroquine, from Bannu, Pakistan. Known mutations were detected at codons 57, 58 and 117 of pvdhfr gene of P. vivax, while none of the isolates had any pvdhps mutation. Similarly P. falciparum isolates exhibited double 59R + 108N mutations in pfdhfr, and single 437G in pfdhps thus demonstrating the existance of triple mutant 59R + 108N + 437G haplotype in this region. The key chloroquine resistance mutation, 76T in pfcrt was observed in 100% of the P. falciparum isolates, with haplotype SVMNT which is also...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Plasmodium vivax; Plasmodium falciparum; Sequence analysis; Pakistan.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000500013

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum in Kohat District, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Khatoon,Lubna; Khan,Inam Ullah; Shah,Shahid Ali; Jan,Muhammad Ishtiaq; Ullah,Farhat; Malik,Salman Akbar.
Malaria is one of the serious diseases threatening human health in Pakistan and contributes to a large proportion of the total malaria deaths in South Asia. However, little is known about the nature and extent of genetic diversity of the malarial parasites circulating in Pakistan. This study was designed to assess the infection status of Plasmodium and the genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum by analyzing msp-3α, msp-3β and msp-1, msp-2 genes respectively using allele specific nested PCR and RFLP assays. For this purpose, 130 field isolates were collected from the individuals who exhibited clinical symptoms associated with malaria in the Kohat region of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. Among 130 blood samples collected, P....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Plasmodium vivax; Plasmodium falciparum; Genetic variation; Pakistan.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000200014

Association of genotypes with viral load and biochemical markers in HCV-infected Sindhi patients
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Riaz,Saba; Bashir,Muhammad Faisal; Haider,Saleem; Rahid,Naeem.
Abstract The presented study had two objectives. The first was to examine distributions of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) genotypes in Sindh, Pakistan, where HCV is prevalent. The other was to explore clinically relevant relationships between the genotypes, viral load (measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction assays) and biochemical markers. For this, 1471 HCV-infected patients in six cities in Sindh were recruited and sampled. HCV genotype distributions varied among the cities, but genotype 3a was most prevalent, followed by 3b, 1a and 1b (detected in 51.5, 22.7. 9.25 and 3.2% of the cases, respectively). No type-specific sequences were detected in serum samples from 189 (12.8%) of the 1471 patients. Frequencies of low (&lt;200,000 IU/mL serum),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sindh; HCV; Pakistan; Genotype; Biomarkers; Viral load.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000400980

Occurrence and molecular characterization of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in cucurbit crops of KPK, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Ali,Asad; Hussain,Adil; Ahmad,Musharaf.
Field survey of the cucurbit crops revealed a high incidence of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK), Pakistan. Among the seven districts surveyed, average percent incidence of CGMMV was recorded up to 58.1% in district Nowshera, followed by 51.1% in district Charsada, 40.5% in district Swabi and 37.3% in district Mardan. In Swat and Dir districts average incidence CGMMV was recorded upto 31.2% and 29.4%, respectively. Among the different crops highest incidence in plain areas of KPK was recorded in bottle gourd (59.3%) followed by 56.3% in Squash, 54.5% in Pumpkin, 45.5% in Melon, 41.7% in Cucumber and 29.9% in Sponge gourd. In Northern hilly areas highest incidence of CGMMV (52.9%) was observed in pumpkin,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cucurbit; CGMMV; Incidence; Tobamovirus; Pakistan.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000400015

A qualitative study exploring perspectives towards rational use of medicines in Pakistan's Malaria Control Program (MCP)
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Malik,Madeeha; Hassali,Mohamed Azmi; Shafie,Asrul Akmal; Hussain,Azhar.
Malaria is one of the most important global public health problems threatening the health of the population owing to prevailing socio-economic conditions and epidemiological reasons in Pakistan. This qualitative study has focused on the perspectives held towards the rational use of medicine intervention among malaria control program officials. Eight semi-structured interviews with all officials working for the malaria control program in Islamabad were conducted. The interviews, which were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim, were evaluated by thematic content analysis and by all authors. All respondents agreed on successful implementation of the malaria control program in Pakistan for controlling malaria by improving diagnostic and treatment facilities...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malaria; Malaria Control Program; Drug/rational use; Intervention; Pakistan.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502013000200014

Farmers’ use of mobile phone for accessing agricultural information in Pakistan:
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Khan,Nasir Abbas; Qijie,Gao; Ali,Shoukat; Shahbaz,Babar; Shah,Ashfaq Ahmad.
ABSTRACT:  Agriculture is considered as the main driving force in Pakistan’s economy employing 45% of the country’s labor force and generating 20% of national GDP Agriculture sector of Pakistan is facing numerous challenges including non-adoption of agricultural technology at the farm level, due to farmers’ lack of access to the latest information. In this context, the current study focusses on the use of the mobile phone in accessing agricultural information among the farmers of the of district Muzaffargarh,Punjab, Pakistan. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect data from the two tehsils (cities/sub-districts) of Muzaffargarh formulating a total sample of 180 farmers. SPSS computer-based Software was used for analyzing the data. Results...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mobile phone; ICT; Information transfer; E-extension; Farmers; Agriculture; Punjab; Pakistan.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019001000901

The impact of agriculture trade and exchange rate on economic growth of Pakistan: an NARDL and asymmetric analysis approach
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Ali,Imad; Khan,Imran; Ali,Hashmat; Baz,Khan; Zhang,Qiangqiang; Khan,Ajab; Huo,Xuexi.
ABSTRACT: This study contributes to the extant literature on the nexus among agriculture export, import exchange rate and economic growth in Pakistan. We used annual time series data for 1980-2017 and employ the Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model. The NARDL testing results affirms asymmetric co-integration among the variables. The study main results show: (i) Co-integration test for long run the positive shocks in export and import have positive significant while exchange rate has positive effect the economic growth. (ii) Co-integration test for short run the positive shocks in import has positive significant and while Export and exchange rate have negative significant effect on economic growth. The symmetrical results show: (i) Export...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Agricultural export products; Agricultural import products and exchange rate; NARDL; Asymmetric relationship; Pakistan.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782020000400931

What role can information play in improved equity in Pakistan&amp;#8217;s irrigation system?  Evidence from an experimental game in Punjab
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bell, Andrew Reid; New York University, Department of Environmental Studies; andrew.reid.bell@nyu.edu; Shah, M. Azeem A.; International Water Management Institute; a.shah@cgiar.org; Anwar, Arif; International Water Management Institute; a.anwar@cgiar.org; Ringler, Claudia; International Food Policy Research Institute; c.ringler@cgiar.org.
The Indus Basin Irrigation System suffers significant inequity in access to surface water across its millions of users.  Information, i.e., monitoring and reporting of water availability, may be of value in improving conditions across the basin, and we investigated this via an experimental game of water distribution in Punjab, Pakistan.  We found evidence that flow information allowed players to take more effective action to target overuse, and that overall activities that might bring social disapproval were reduced with information.  However, we did not find any overall improvement in equity across the system, suggesting that information on its own might not be sufficient to lead to better water distribution among irrigators.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Framed field experiment; Irrigation; Pakistan.
Ano: 2015

Revolt and Remember: How the Shimshal Nature Trust Develops and Sustains Social-Ecological Resilience in Northern Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Abidi-Habib, Mehjabeen; Government College University Lahore; mamie@wol.net.pk; Lawrence, Anna; Oxford University; anna.lawrence@eci.ox.ac.uk.
The Shimshal Nature Trust is an indigenous institution rooted in a thriving and dynamic culture that links the local ecology and society. It has deployed identity, traditional knowledge, science, and institutional innovation to adapt to outside challenges without destroying local commons management. This paper reviews scholarly debate on natural resource management and uses resilience theory to examine this complex adaptive system. Two disturbances to Shimshal resilience prompted by a national park and a new road are traced. Shimshali responses include social processes of learning, knowledge systems, and renewal. Ways in which adaptive renewal cycles involve Revolt, a short, fast reaction, and Remember, a larger, slower cascade, are put in perspective....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Pakistan; Indigenous institution; Local commons management; Ecological resilience; Complex adaptive systems; Social learning; Renewal; National park; New road; Community participation.
Ano: 2007

Increased water charges improve efficiency and equity in an irrigation system
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bell, Andrew Reid; Department of Environmental Studies, New York University; ab6176@nyu.edu; Ward, Patrick S.; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, D.C.; p.ward@cgiar.org; Shah, M. Azeem Ali; International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Lahore, Pakistan; Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Pakistan; a.shah@cgiar.org.
Conventional wisdom in many agricultural systems across the world is that farmers cannot, will not, or should not pay the full costs associated with surface water delivery. Across Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, only a handful can claim complete recovery of operation, maintenance, and capital costs; across Central and South Asia, fees are lower still, with farmers in Nepal, India, and Kazakhstan paying fractions of a U.S. penny for a cubic meter of water. In Pakistan, fees amount to roughly USD 1-2 per acre per season. However, farmers in Pakistan spend orders of magnitude more for diesel fuel to pump groundwater each season, suggesting a latent willingness to spend for water that, under the right conditions, could...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agent-based model; Efficiency; Equity; Irrigation; Pakistan; Water.
Ano: 2016

Genetic diversity associated with agronomic traits using microsatellite markers in Pakistani rice landraces
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Pervaiz,Zahida Hassan; Rabbani,M. Ashiq; Khaliq,Ishtiaq; Pearce,Stephen R; Malik,Salman A.
Genetic diversity underlies the improvement of crops by plant breeding. Land races of rice (Oryza sativa L.) can contain some valuable alleles not common in modern germplasm. The aim here was to measure genetic diversity and its effect on agronomic traits among rice land-race genotypes grown in Pakistan. Diversity was measured using thirty-five microsatellite markers and seventy-five genotypes. Among the markers used a total of 142 alleles were detected at 32 polymorphic SSR loci, while three loci were monomorphic in Pakistani rice landraces. The number of alleles identified by each marker ranged from 2 to 13 with a mean of 4.4. Size differences between the smallest and largest alleles varied from 11bp to 71bp. Polymorphism information content ranged from...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Genetic diversity; Landraces; Microsatellite markers; Oryza sativa L.; Pakistan; Rice.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582010000300004