Consulta: subjectFacets:"Plant Biology"
Registros recuperados: 241
Data/hora: 06/06/2024 01:12:48

Mizoribin as a inhibitor for leukocyte immunoglobulin receptor sub family A member3
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Varala Sravani; I Vani Priyadarshini; Amineni Umamaheswari.
The Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (LILRs) are a family of receptors that was broadly expressed on all leukocytes and have the ability to regulate their function. The increased levels of human LILRA3 in rheumatoid arthritis patients leads to stroke. In quest of designing novel inhibitors against LILRA3 an accurate homology model for the protein was based on crystal structures of 1GOX and 3P2T using Modeller 9V9. The use of multiple templates for structure prediction led us to propose a structure comprising all 439 amino acids of human LILRA3 for the first time.  The best model was selected based on GA341 and DOPE score and further assessed through ProSA and PROCHECK. The validated structure was subjected to CASTp analysis ligand binding site...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6532/version/1

Incident light orientation lets C4 monocotyledonous leaves make light work differently
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ana S. Soares; Simon P. Driscoll; Till K. Pellny; Enrique Olmos; Maria Arraba&amp;#xe7;a; Christine Foyer.
Photosynthesis is an important driver of ecosystem sustainability in the face of climate change. Monocotyledonous crop species with C4 photosynthesis such as maize (Zea mays L; corn) and sugar cane are crucial for future food security and biofuel crop requirements, while C4 pasture grasses such as Paspalum are central to natural ecosystems. The global demand for corn will exceed that for wheat and rice by 2020, making it the world&amp;#x27;s most important crop. Light-driven photosynthesis supports plant biomass production, but plants have also evolved safety valve mechanisms that attenuate the absorption of potentially lethal levels of excess light. The array of survival responses that enables leaves to evade photoinhibition is complex and involves...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1672/version/1

The EuropaBio approach to general surveillance for cultivation of GM crops
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christine  Wandelt; Esteban Alcalde; Katrina Hayter; Gaston  Legris; Beth J. Patterson; Bruno Tinland; Pieter Windels.
The objective of general surveillance is to identify the occurrence of unanticipated adverse effects of GM crops on human health or the environment that were not covered in the environmental risk assessment. EuropaBio is harmonizing an approach to non-hypothesis driven post-market environmental monitoring relating to the cultivation of different GM crops, comprising a farmer questionnaire, existing surveillance systems as well as other data sources. As an unanticipated adverse effect is most likely to occur where the level of environmental exposure is highest, general surveillance focuses on the agricultural environment and those agronomic zones that are representative of commercial GM crop cultivation. The farmer questionnaire is one element of the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4451/version/1

Interaction ammonium-nitrate: Response to oxidative stress in chicory plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marco Antonio M. A. Russo; Sonja Veljovic-Jovanovic; Adalgisa Belligno.
The aim of this work was to study, as a function of the different availability of nitrogen in the reduced form, mineral and organic, the induction of the synthesis of some ROS-scavenging molecules and the evolution of some enzymatic activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO). &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Chicory seedlings were grown in nutritive solution for 35 days in controlled conditions. On the 14th day, one third of the plants was transferred into a nutritive solution containing (NH4)2SO4  60 mM, one third was transferred into a medium containing Urea 60 mM, and the remaining was let grow into the nutrition solution, as a control. Three samplings of leaves were performed, respectively after 21, 28 and 35 days of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4173/version/1

Novel Techniques for Microspectroscopy and Chemical Imaging Analysis of Soybean Seeds and Embryos
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng  You; Doina M. Costescu.
Novel methodologies are currently being evaluated for the Chemical Analysis of soybean seeds as well as developing mature soybean embryos by FT-IR/NIR Microspectroscopy. This is the first report of FT-NIR Chemical Images obtained with 1 micron resolution. NIR spectra of Proteins, Oil and DNA fibers are obtained for regions as small as 1&amp;#x3bc;^2^.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6591/version/2

Analysis of plant metabolites &amp;#x2013; the baseline-threshold principle
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Katja  Neubauer; Jenny Bandomir; Anett  Grunenberg; Andreas  M&amp;#xfc;ller; Udo  Kragl; Kerstin  Schmidt.
With the environmental risk assessment (ERA) for genetically modified plants (GMP) the identification of equivalence or differences in the composition of ingredients of GMPs and non-GMPs has to be investigated. The strategy is based upon the idea that traditionally cultivated crops have been used safely for many years, thus every divergence within the compounds of a GMP in contrast to its non-GMP counterpart could refer to a risk and has to be further analysed.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The BioOK company offers the opportunity to analyse very different aspects from the ERA of GMPs in one hand. Beside toxicological analysis and the determination of environmental effects via soil analysis, we can look into several plant metabolites to identify...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4439/version/2

NIR Spectroscopy and Microspectroscopy Analysis of Intact Soybean Seeds for Food Applications through Composition Improvements. Version 2.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tiefeng You; I. C. Baianu.
The soybean-derived products are among the most important agricultural products in the USA and the world. Conventional analytical methods for soybean composition analysis are both time consuming and costly. Faster and less expensive methods are required for most practical applications. To improve the accuracy, reliability and sensitivity of NIR, major advancements in instrumentation, as well as, data analysis / calibration methodology are required. Novel NIR instruments, such as DA-NIR and FT-NIR spectrometers developed in recent years have the potential for improving significantly the quantification of soybean composition at a reasonable cost. We present representative calibrations and data for intact soybean composition analysis obtained at the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6253/version/1

Productivity and forage quality of a phytodiverse semi-natural grassland &amp;#xb;under various management regimes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tatiana  From; Ute K. Petersen; Johannes Isselstein.
Grassland management experiment (GrassMan) was set up in 2008 on a permanent semi-natural grassland in the Solling uplands, Germany. The main research focus is on the ecosystem functioning of the phytodiverse grassland (e.g. productivity and forage quality, water and nutrient fluxes). The aim of our study was to analyse the effects of vegetation composition and functional diversity on productivity and forage quality of the semi-natural permanent grassland. Variation in sward composition was achieved by herbicide application and resulted in three sward types: control sward type (without herbicide application), monocot-reduced and dicot-reduced. Further management factors included different nutrient input levels (without fertilizer and 180-30-100 kg/ha of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6622/version/1

Some Studies on Circadian Rhythm in the Culture of Omphalina Quelet sp. (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) A Mycobiont of an Unidentified Basidiolichen
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jyoti Kalangutkar; Nandkumar Kamat.
This paper reports the discovery of circadian rhythm in Omphalina Quelet, in pure culture under laboratory conditions. The species was collected as a mycobiont from an unidentified basidiolichen.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4215/version/1

Differential photosynthetic adaptation between size-classes of Spruce  and Fir juveniles help to explain the co-existence of the two species.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Edgard Bontempo e Silva; Toshihiko Hara; Akihiro Sumida; Kiyomi Ono.
Background/Question/Methods &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Abies sachalinensis_ (Sakhalin Fir) and _Picea glehnii_ (Glehn&amp;#x2019;s Spruce) are major components of the sub-boreal forests of Hokkaido, Japan. Similar Spruce-Fir forests can be found in many other places in the northern hemisphere and will probably be impacted by global warming. Therefore, detailed knowledge of these species&amp;#x2019; physiology and life-history strategies at different growth stages is important to understand present communities and to support reliable prediction of possible consequences of global climate change. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Accordingly, the objective of this study was to establish relations between community dynamics, life-history strategies and photosynthetic adaptation of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5298/version/1

Prospect and importance of green mulching on the soil status of tropical tasar plantation fields in India
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rangareddygari Manohar Reddy; Ramkumar -.
The soils of tropical tasar plantation fields in general are sloppy and are primarily deficient of nutrition due to top soil erosion and constant leaf productivity exploitation to rear tasar silk insect, Antheraea mylitta Drury. The rainfed field of Terminalia tomentosa (W&amp;#x26;A) plantation has been evaluated for soil fortification with green mulching through legumes, Sun hemp (Crotalaria juncea), Daincha (Sesbania aculeata), Green gram (Vigna radiatus) and Black gram (Vigna mungo) during rainy season. The mulching has enhanced the water holding, moisture retention, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) and reduced the bulk density and pore space of soil. Among the legumes, Sun hemp has shown higher improvement of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6388/version/1

Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements.  (v.3)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valentin  Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/3

Selective insectivory in _Nymphaea nouchali_ Burm. f.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pundarikakshudu Tetali; Shrikant Sutar; Sujata Tetali.
Carnivorous plants comprise roughly 0.24 percent of the flowering plants, or 640 species represented in 12 families. Yet they are regarded as _miracula naturae_. Over fifty percent of these taxa are represented in a single family, namely Lentibulariaceae. Carnivorous plants are generally insectivorous, and carnivory in flowering plants is generally found in taxa that are adapted to nutrient-deficient habitats. The extra nutrients such plants acquire by special ways serve merely as supplements. The origin and evolution of carnivorous plants is a mystery in the phylogenetic tree of angiosperms, they often appear without a clear linkage. Here, we report that _Nymphaea nouchali_ Burm. f. (a cultivar of var. cernua), a large aquatic member of the family...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1817/version/1

The potential of Manitoba chokecherry as a source of high natural antioxidants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wende Li; Farah S. Hosseinian; Arnold W. Hydamaka; Lynda Lowry; Trust Beta.
Consumption of fruits and vegetables is shown to be beneficial for protecting health and preventing some chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. The positive health effects have been mainly due to the contributions of their natural antioxidant capacity. Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), a unique fruit, is a member of the Rose family and native to North America. Here we demonstrate that chokecherry fruit with strong antioxidant capacity is available in Manitoba, and that its potent antioxidant potential can be developed for health benefits in value-added applications.These findings are useful for developing novel value-added antioxidant products from chokecherry because of its phytochemical profile associated with health...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1529/version/1

A New Behavior of Nuclei during Mitosis of Lilium Hybrids
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zheng Sixiang; Liu  Feihu; Zhang  Chaojun; Chen Zhilin; Ma Yuhua; Meng Pinghong; Zhao Yan.
Mitosis is nuclear division plus cytokinesis,and produces two identical daughter cells during prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. However, a new nucleus behavior in interspecific hybrid progenies of Lilium was observed in our experiment. Very unusual behaviors of nuclei surprisingly presented during the mitosis, such as sprouting or germination, tube-like elongation, penetrating cell membrane into a neighbor cell, the top of nuclei tube expanding, intruding and splitting of the tube-like nucleus, and micronucleus formation, and so on. Furthermore, the tetrad of meiosis was founded in mitosis of root.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Routine of the unusual nucleus behaviors observed in our experiment may be summarized as nucleus...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4631/version/1

PlnTFDB: Plant Transcription Factor Database &amp;#x2013; Update
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diego Mauricio Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n; Luiz Gustavo Guedes Correa; Bernd Mueller-Roeber.
PlnTFDB is a publicly available computational resource comprising putative complete sets of transcription factors from plants. The original database listed the putative complete sets of TFs from five different green plant (viridiplantae) species. Up to date, summer 2007, PlnTFDB have had more than one hundred thousand hits from more than one thousand different clients, showing the importance that this resource had acquired for the plant community. In this first major update, we extended the coverage of the database to additional completed viridiplantae genomes, i.e., the moss _Physcomitrella patens_ and the rice _Oryza sativa_ spp _indica_. The scope of PlnTFDB was broadened to encompass other eukaryote photosynthetic organisms, such as the rhodophyte...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1094/version/1

Ambiguous Dependence Of Minimal Plant Generation Time On Nuclear DNA Content
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Victor B. Ivanov.
AMBIGUOUS DEPENDENCE OF MINIMAL PLANT GENERATION TIME ON NUCLEAR DNA CONTENT Victor B. Ivanov The minimum generation time (MGT) of plant development was suggested to depend on nuclear DNA content, which varies in plants over wide limits1. In ephemeral species with the shortest MGT, the average C values were significantly lower than in annual species, whereas the average C values in annual species were lower than those in perennial plants. However, nobody has paid attention to the ratio of annual to perennial species number as a function of C values. Here I show that with increasing C the ratio of annual to perennial species increases to C values equal to 7-8 pg (monocots) and 6-7 pg (eudicots) and then decreases and that the fraction of annuals is abundant...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4943/version/1

In vitro shoot regeneration from cotyledon of redgram
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Telugu Raghavendra; Palagiri Sudhakar; K Balakrishna Reddy; Keerthi Venkaiah; Putta Latha; Tollamadugu NVKV Prasad; Lakkireddi Prasanthi.
Pigeonpea is one of the most popular legume grains in the world, especially in the Indian sub-continent. Keeping in view the importance of the crop, an efficient protocol for rapid in vitro plant regeneration from cotyledon of redgram has been reported in this paper. The concentraion of the hormones played an important role in shoot and root regeneration.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7041/version/1

Chemical Profiles of Essential Oils and Non-Polar Extractables from Sumac (Rhus spp.)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne.
Sumac is the common name for a genus (Rhus) with &amp;#x3e;250 individual species of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae. These plants are globally distributed in temperate and tropical regions and can grow on marginal lands, making them strong candidates for renewable bioproduct sources. Despite the extensive historical use of some members of Rhus spp. for tannins and other commercial phenolics, little is known about the non-phenolic components of extracts and essentials oils. The current review highlights opportunities available to extend these limited prior studies to other sumac species, and for obtaining value-added compounds to complement already established phenolic extractions in these commercial plant species. To date, a number of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5926/version/1

Third-codon transversion rate-based _Nymphaea_ basal angiosperm phylogeny -- concordance with developmental evidence
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiaohan Yang; Gerald A. Tuskan; Timothy J. Tschaplinski; (Max) Zong-Ming Cheng.
Flowering plants (angiosperms) appeared on Earth rather suddenly approximately 130 million years ago and underwent a massive expansion in the subsequent 10-12 million years. Current molecular phylogenies have predominantly identified _Amborella_, followed by _Nymphaea_ (water lilies) or _Amborella_ plus _Nymphaea_, in the ANITA clade (_Amborella_, Nymphaeales, Illiciaceae, Trimeniaceae and Austrobaileyaceae) as the earliest angiosperm. However, developmental studies suggest that the earliest angiosperm had a 4-cell/4-nucleus female gametophyte and a diploid endosperm represented by _Nymphaea_, suggesting that _Amborella_, having an 8-cell/9-nucleus female gametophyte and a triploid endosperm, cannot be representative of the basal angiosperm. This...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/320/version/1

Mega- change gene copies are produced by reverse transcription of precursor RNA with replaced introns.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Drew Schwartz.
This report describes the presence of copy genes in plants where the sequence similarity to their parental genes is almost completely limited to limited to the exons. Evidence is presented that indicates that they arose via a novel processing of transcribed precursor RNA during which the introns are replaced rather than excised, followed by reverse transcription and incorporation into the chromosomes. Intron replacement may play an important role in evolution as it results in megagene changes.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3834/version/1

BRAGOMAP - a new Perl script for high throughoutput blast results analysis including GO and MapMan automatic annotations
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rafal Woycicki; Wojciech Gutman; Zbigniew Przybecki.
Analyzing of sequences similarities is the first and most important method used to find out the function of unknown nucleotides. Searching of homologs should be done carefully not to loose any important ones. Having thousands of results from various long-read sequencing projects (ie. differentially expressed tags, genomic polymorphons or BAC ends), the by-hand ability to retrieve interesting (to our goal) similarities in hundreds of Blast results decreases rapidly. Decreasing the number of retrieved sequences by giving more stringency in e-value threshold or displaying less results could lead to false deductions. Functional genomics, proteomics and metabolomics could give us answers to the role of nucleotide sequences. It makes the need to annotate as much...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3900/version/1

The GABI Primary Database: GABIPD - Integration of Plant &amp;#x27;Omics&amp;#x27;-Data in Gene Context
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diego Mauricio  Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n; Axel Nagel; Jost Neigenfind; Robert Wagner; Rico Basekow; Elke Weber; Sabrina Kleessen; Birgit Kersten.
GabiPD (&amp;#x22;http://www.gabipd.org/&amp;#x22;:http://www.gabipd.org/) at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology constitutes a repository and analysis platform of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic plant data provided by the GABI community (Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n et al., 2009). Beside the data, current versions of useful tools are being made accessible via GabiPD, such as MapMan (Usadel et al., 2005) and SATlotyper (Neigenfind et al., 2008). Access to GabiPD is provided via either the web interface or WebServices.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In GabiPD, twenty different plant species are currently represented with the model plant A. thaliana on top followed by the crop plants S. tuberosum and H. vulgare....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3218/version/1

Docking and QSAR Studies of Camptothecin Derivatives as Inhibitor of DNA Topoisomerase-I
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dharmendra  K. Yadav; Feroz  Khan; Santosh K. Srivastava.
Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic quinoline alkaloid which inhibits the DNA enzyme Topoisomerase-I (Topo-I) and has shown remarkable anticancer activity in preliminary clinical trials. The major limitation is its low solubility and high adverse reaction. In the studied work, we performed molecular docking of CPT derivatives against Topo-I and developed the quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model for anticancer activity screening. For QSAR, we used CPT and other anticancer drugs with its IC50 values. We used a total of forty seven anticancer drugs as training set and eight compounds as test set and thirty derivatives of CPT as query set. Total of fifty two chemical descriptors were used for the quantitative data calculation. Only four...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5773/version/1

Assisting natural forest regeneration in Northern Ethiopia: one measure is not enough
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Raf Aerts; Eva November; Martin Hermy; Jozef Deckers; Mitiku Haile; Bart Muys.
Management strategies aimed at rehabilitating degraded and cleared forests often rely on temporary or permanent exclusion of herbivores (wild animals, livestock or both).  But in many cases, this simple management technique is not sufficient to induce ecosystem restoration: many negative effects keep the ecosystem in a suboptimal, low biomass state.  The presence of such stable states requires restoration measures to act on multiple stress factors simultaneously.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Compensating for all limiting factors is neither practically nor economically feasible.  But detailed knowledge about the autoecology of tree species &amp;#x2013; i.e. their site requirements, regeneration strategies and recruitment dynamics &amp;#x2013; may be...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2437/version/1

BioenergyProduction From Plant Biomass: Bioethanol From Concept To Reality
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr  Khan; Muhammad Waheed Akhtar.
Natural energy reserves like petrol and diesel etc are depleting.  As such, it is of paramount importance to find alternative fuels. Solar energy is trapped as biomass in plants. Biomass provide an excellent reserve for trapping solar energy on field. Complex enzymatic machinery comprising of hydrolytic reactions  and consolidated bioprocessing is needed to make viable bioenergy, mostly biofuels like bioethanol for locomotives, industries and general use in the future.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6286/version/1

The biotechnological perspective of Beta-Glucosidases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr  Khan; Muhammad waheed Akhtar.
Biotechnology is the art and science of making and technology to process biological materials for the welfare of human being. This discussion includes the beta glucosidase classification, its structure, application, and recent research interests in relation to its significance and comparison with eukaryotic Beta glucosidases including plant, animal and yeast as well. The study also comprise of the various stress factors and modifications thereby the organism to cope it. The focus of the study is on the various kinetics principles and their full potential exploitation to increase the activity of the enzyme. As such making the enzyme a potent vehicle for various industrial, pharmaceutical and research purposes. It also include the various glycosylhydrolases...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4945/version/1

Population development of beet cyst nematodes and their damage potential to sugar beets under different temperature regimes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bart Vandenbossche; Bj&amp;#xf6;rn Niere; Stefan Vidal.
_Heterodera schachtii_, the white beet cyst nematode, is considered as one of the most important nematode pests on sugar beet and is present in most sugar-beet growing areas. The yellow beet cyst nematode, _Heterodera betae_, is less prevalent but has also been found damaging beet crops. However, knowledge about the damage potential and population dynamics of the yellow beet cyst nematode is limited. The amount of damage inflicted by nematodes is dependent on different factors. An important factor influencing the sugar beet yield decline by beet cyst nematodes is the soil temperature. Relationships between soil temperature, _H. schachtii_ population densities and sugar beet yields have been reported previously. Until present, most studies have been...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5744/version/1

GabiPD: Gabi Primary Database - a plant integrative &amp;#x2018;omics&amp;#x2019; database in GABI-FUTURE
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diego Mauricio Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n; Axel Nagel; Robert Wagner; Elke Weber; Birgit Kersten.
GabiPD (&amp;#x22;http://gabi.rzpd.de&amp;#x22;:http://gabi.rzpd.de) was established within GABI-I and further developed in GABI-II and constitutes a repository and analysis platform for a wide array of heterogeneous data arising from high throughput experiments developed by members of the GABI/WPG community. Currently, data from different fronts (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) are incorporated in GabiPD, representing 14 different biological species.  Last year GabiPD moved to the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology. In the progressing GABI-FUTURE phase, the GabiPD team has been creating a more integrative data view, expanding the tools and information provided by our well-known GreenCards. Links to different...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1684/version/1

QSAR and Docking Studies of Gallic Acid Derivatives for Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Activity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dharmendra Kumar Yadav; Feroz Khan; Arvind Singh  Negi.
Immuno-modulation is the process of alteration in immune response due to foreign intrusion of molecules inside the body. In the present communication QSAR and molecular docking studies for immuno-modulatory activity of derivatives of gallic acid were performed. Molecular docking studies showed higher binding affinity with INF&amp;#x3b1;-2, IL-6, and IL-4 receptors. Binding site residues indicate hydrogen bonds formation with gallic acid derivative compounds G-3, G-4, G-5, G-6, G-7 and G-10. Further screening through quantitative structure activity relationship model establishes the immuno-modulatory activity of the compounds G-4, G-7, G-9, G-10, G-12 and G-13. Activity was predicted through a robust statistical model, developed by forward feed multiple...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6620/version/1

&amp;#x27;Kuthiru&amp;#x27; and &amp;#x27;Orkayama&amp;#x27; &amp;#x2013; Newly Identified Genetic Resources from Kerala, India for Salinity Tolerance in Indica Rice
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vanaja Taliyil; K P. Mammootty.
Existence of genetic variability for salt tolerance within species is of paramount importance in crop improvement program. Pokkali land race of Kerala, India is the international  donor parent of most of the salinity tolerance breeding programs in rice. Here we report two new genetic resources, &amp;#x2018;Kuthiru&amp;#x2019; and &amp;#x2018;Orkayama&amp;#x2019; for salinity tolerance, from  Kaipad saline tracts of Kerala. They differ in their  morphological, physico-chemical characteristics and cooking qualities.  Panicles of these cultivars are long with bold grains. Duration of &amp;#x2018;Kuthiru&amp;#x2019; is 110 -120 days, and that of &amp;#x2018;Orkayama&amp;#x2019; is 135 -140 days. Molecular analysis revealed that the salinity tolerance mechanism...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4561/version/1

Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus, a new bipartite begomovirus species that belongs to distinct clade of Old World geminiviruses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pradeep  Sharma1,2; J. Sakata2; Y. Shibuya2; Masato  Ikegami2.
Begomoviruses are currently emerging as a major threat to vegetable production in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Pepper yellow leaf curl disease (PepYLCD) has been noticed in many Capsicum annum L. producing regions from East Asia especially from Indonesia and causes devastating damage to pepper crop production since 2000. In this study we have cloned and sequenced complete nucleotide of begomoviruses from pepper exhibiting leaf curling and bright yellowing symptoms. Besides, we also determined the occurrence of disease on tomato evoking leaf curl symptoms and ageratum with yellow vein type of symptoms. On the basis of genome organization and sequence homology, these viruses were designated as Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4162/version/1

Enhancing Jatropha Productivity by Canopy Management
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chalapathy  K. Reddy; Vishal V. Naole.
Jatropha seed and oil yield is function of planting material used, growing conditions, plant architecture development and maintenance. Jatropha is hardy plant; thrives well in arid and semi arid regions with an average rainfall ranging from 500 to 1200 mm. It has been planted in varied soil types, marginal and waste lands; where in utilization of in situ resources by agronomic practices and development and management of canopy by pruning are very crucial for harvesting higher seed for biodiesel production. Building ideal canopy by pruning during first growing season is very important. Pruning is done during winter season when plants are in dormant condition.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3700/version/1

The harlequin ladybird _Harmonia axyridis_ &amp;#x2013; Sensory thresholds of the &amp;#x201c;ladybird taint&amp;#x201d; in wine under different processing conditions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Susanne K&amp;#xf6;gel; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Gross; Christoph Hoffmann.
Introduced as a biological control agent in North America and middle Europe the Harlequin Ladybird _Harmonia axyridis_ has spread all over the countries and are capable to become an increasing problem for winegrowers and also households. Due to its preference to overwinter indoors _H. axyridis_ enters private homes and people may have allergic reactions to its odor or bites. During harvests, the beetles feed on grapes and may get crushed with them during processing causing release of hemolymph into the must. The hemolymph of ladybirds contains specific substances which consist mainly of pyrazines like the 3-isopropyl-2-methoxypyrazine. These chemical compounds are responsible for a specific alteration of the smell and taste of wine called...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5739/version/1

Increased regeneration efficiency of _Brassica napus_ L. cultivars Star, Westar and Cyclone from hypocotyle and cotyledonary explants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr Khan; Waqar  Ali; Zahir Ali Takar; Arfa Farooqi; Sikandar Khan; Muhammadwaheed Akhtar.
The comparative organogenesis of _Brassica napus_ L cultivars Cyclone, Star and Westar was studied. The cotyledonary explants gave a higher response to all the combinations of 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and BAP (0.5, 1.0,1.5 and 2.0 mg/L} used for optimizing the conditions for callus induction. The best mean weight and mean length of callus was obtained at 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5mg/L BAP for Star cotyledonary explants. For the complete plant regeneration the new method of exposing the explants culture to Growth regulator free medium was performed. The method was applicable to both hypocotyl and cotyledonary explants. The Shoot Induction Frequency for hypocotyl (6-34%) in the three cultivars is higher than the cotyledonary explants (3-23%). The method is speedy and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4781/version/1

Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements.  (Version 2.0)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valentin  Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/2

Deterministic individual-based cellular automata modelling of single species population dynamics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev Kalmykov; Vyacheslav Kalmykov.
This presentation was created to characterise foundations of cellular automata modelling of single species population dynamics. We show models of single species population growth based on deterministic birth-death-regeneration process and demonstrate a relationship between fecundity rate and population growth rate. Our models provide mechanistic simulation of logistic-like and double logistic-like curves of population growth that is not possible in the classical Verhulst model (logistic growth model). This method is deterministic individual-based and is based on logical &amp;#x201c;if-then&amp;#x201d; statements only. As this method is bottom-up mechanistic and provides a direct visual insight into dynamics of complex systems, we used it to study...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6661/version/1

Soybean Composition Database from NIR, NMR and GC-MS Analyses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
This novel Soybean Composition Database from the AFC-NMR &amp;#x26; NIR Spectroscopy Facility of the College of ACES at the University of Illinois at Urbana includes more than 12,000 NIR measurements on soybeans from the International Soybean Germplasm Collection, such as those received from Peking at the National Soybean Collection.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Excel files (.xls) of our novel spectroscopic data are currently available for all 80,000 + NIR and FT-NMR measurements; such data are made available from an ultra-fast and secure supercomputer server utilizing the current version of the Scientific-Linux OS-based software. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A detailed account is also presented of our high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-NMR) and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6201/version/1

GabiPD: GABI primary database - a plant integrative &amp;#x27;omics&amp;#x27; database
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diego Mauricio Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n; Axel Nagel; Robert Wagner; Jost Neigenfind; Elke Weber; Svenja Diehl; Birgit Kersten.
The GABI Primary Database, GabiPD, was established eight years ago in the frame of the German initiative for Genome Analysis of the Plant Biological System (Genomanalyse im biologischen System Pflanze, GABI), funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education, Research and Technology (BMBF) as well as a number of private enterprise companies. The main goal of GabiPD is to collect, integrate, visualize and link primary information from GABI projects. GabiPD, in contrast to other plant databases constitutes a repository and analysis platform for a wide array of heterogeneous data arising from high-throughput experiments in several plant species. Currently, data from different &amp;#x27;omics&amp;#x27; fronts are incorporated in GabiPD (i.e., genomics,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2221/version/1

Comment on Lobell et al &amp;#x22;Climate Trends and Global Crop Production Since 1980&amp;#x22;
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mikhail A. Semenov; Peter R. Shewry.
Lobel et al (ScienceXpress) analysed changes in global yields which can be attributed to climate change trend, and reported a 5.5% decline in global wheat production since 1980. We have failed to confirm these results using a process-based crop model, which showed no decline in wheat yield since the 1950s at two European sites. The Lobel et al conclusions are not valid due to the limitations of the regression analysis used.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6289/version/1

Use of inadequate data and methodological errors lead to a dramatic overestimation of the water footprint of Jatropha curcas
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wouter  Maes; Wouter M. J. Achten; Bart Muys.
In their recent article, Gerbens-Leenes et al. (1) calculated the water footprint (WF, the amount of water required to produce 1 GJ of energy) of several bioenergy crops. One of the most remarkable findings of this study was the very high water footprint of this species, which has serious management consequences. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;However, these results are in apparent contrast with recent findings on this species. We present evidence that several errors were made by the authors when calculating the water footprint of jatropha, which has lead to a dramatic overestimation. These errors include weaknesses concerning the data used for the calculation of the water footprint, as well as flaws in the calculation method, as we demonstrate in the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3410/version/1

Post-market monitoring: legal framework in Brazil and first results
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marcia A. Melo; Ederson  A. Kido; Paulo P. Andrade.
Brazil is presently (2010) the second largest producer of Genetically Modified (GM) crops. The legal framework to support both research activities and the commercial release of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is, however, very recent, as the Biosafety Law dates back from 2005. After the indispensable risk analysis, done by National Technical Committee for Biosafety (CTNBio), a GM plant can be approved for commercial release. Nevertheless, as stated in the Normative Resolution nr. 5 (NR-5), 2008, the post-market monitoring is mandatory. However, the first GM crop in Brazil, the herbicide tolerant soybean, was harvested in 2005. The CTNBio asked, then, for a monitoring plan and the applicant designed a complex study focused on case-specific monitoring....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4528/version/1

Ustilago and the accidental domestication of maize
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Juan Pablo Martinez-Soriano; Katia Avina-Padilla.
Maize is the essential crop of the Americas. Maize appeared suddenly about 8,500 years ago as domesticated teosinte; however, there is no evidence (genetical, archaeological, linguistic or ethnobotanical) able to support a gradual transformation from the teosinte ear into the corn ear. Teosinte has never been cultivated by Americans, nor did they ever attempt to domesticate it. Its grains were not used as food, making unrealistic the assumption that prehispanics created something edible from seeds that were not so. Plant domestication is a slow process in almost every known crop but maize evolution might not be the case. Teosinte has a brittle cob, whereas maize forms solid ones that do not release their seeds 2. The latter are soft, while in teosinte they...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3240/version/1

_In silico_ microRNA identification from  paprika (_Capsicum annuum_) ESTs
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: T. M. Manila; A. Riju; K. Lakshmi Priya Darshini; A. Chandrasekar; S. J. Eapen.
A total of 33,311 Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) of paprika were mined from the GenBank EST database. The redundancy of the EST sequences was removed using CAP3 and it resulted 4,541 contigs 8,539 singletons as nonredundant data sets. The microRNAs were predicted using the program miRNAfinder. This program predicted a total of 85 miRNAs miRNAs. Another study was carried out to find the homologes miRNA using blast based tool named &amp;#x201c;miRseeK&amp;#x2019; A total of 13 miRNAs with significant similarity with the plant miRNAs were obtained from paprika ESTs. The targets of the predicted miRNAs were found using the program miRU2. Findings suggest that most miRNAs play an important role in plant development, signal transduction, protein degradation and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3737/version/1

SGN Database: From QTLs to Genomes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Isaak  Y. Tecle; Naama Menda; Robert Buels; Lukas Mueller.
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis is used to dissect the genetic basis underlying polygenic traits. Several public databases have been storing and making QTL data available to research communities. To our knowledge, current QTL databases rely on manual curation where curators read literature and extract relevant QTL information to store in databases. Evidently, this approach is expensive in terms of expert manpower and time use and limits the type of data that can be curated. At the Solanaceae Genomics Network (SGN) (&amp;#x22;http://sgn.cornell.edu&amp;#x22;:http://sgn.cornell.edu), we have developed a database to store raw phenotype and genotype data from QTL studies, perform, on the fly, QTL analysis using R/QTL statistical software...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3160/version/1

Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction &amp;#x2013; A method for detection of volatiles from potato plants?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Katrin Beyer; Angelika Ziegler; Detlef Ulrich; Kirsten Wei&amp;#xdf;; Ren&amp;#xe9; Gr&amp;#xfc;nwald; Ralf Wilhelm.
The application of Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE) as a method for extraction of emitted volatile compounds of potato leaves using GC/MS will be studied. A suitable efficient method shall be developed to describe differences in the spectrum of volatile compounds of potato varieties. It was shown that SBSE yields results similar to other established methods but with less effort. The method will be optimized further. The use of the spectrum of volatile compounds as a parameter for variety assessment (e.g.: plant health, plant protection, biosafety) is planned.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5736/version/1

Plant regulation of microbial enzyme production in situ
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Colin Averill; Adrien C. Finzi.
Soil extracellular enzymes regulate the rate at which complex organic forms of nitrogen (N) become bio-available. Much research has focused on the limitations to heterotrophic enzyme production via lab incubations, but little has been done to understand the limitations to enzyme production in situ. We created root and symbiotic mycelia exclusion treatments using mesh in-growth bags in the field to isolate the effect of roots and other portions of the microbial community on enzyme production. When fertilized with complex protein N we found increases in N-degrading enzyme concentrations only when root in-growth was allowed. No response was observed when complex N was added to root-free treatments. Expanding on economic rules of microbial element limitation...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6353/version/1

Post Market Monitoring of GM Herbicide-Tolerant Crops
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alan M. Dewar.
As soon as humans adopted agriculture as the principle means of feeding themselves, they have had an effect on the environment, and by implication, also on biodiversity. It is not possible to grow crops in an intensive manner without doing so, but it is necessary to do so to feed the population. In this respect, the use of herbicides or other weed control practices (e.g. hand-hoeing) inevitably will have an effect on biodiversity, whether those methods are used in conventional, organic or genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Recent literature from the UK following the Farm Scale Evaluations (FSE) of the environmental impact of GMHT oilseed rape, maize and sugar beet suggests that the recommended weed...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4462/version/1

Urban Ecosystems: Alterations to Peakflow, Microclimate and the Natural Environment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jason A. Hubbart.
More than half of the world&amp;#x2019;s population now lives in urbanized ecosystems. Continued human population growth over the next several decades will place unprecedented demand on urban water resources, resulting in escalating water quality and supply challenges. Urbanization exacts significant impacts on stream ecosystems including increased magnitude and frequency of peak flows, altered microclimates and reduced biodiversity. Increased impervious surface area in urban settings reduces or eliminates soil infiltration and increases the amount of stormwater runoff delivered to stream channels. Stormwater routing networks in urban areas channelize runoff, reducing stormwater transit time. Stormwater flow serves as an important transport mechanism for...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3603/version/1

An innovative method for the biological control of Alternanthera philoxeroides
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yusong Cao; Huiming Wang.
Biological invasion has become a serious global environmental problems and been considered as an important component of global change^1-2^. Invasions by alien species can have an impact at several levels of ecological complexity from genes to ecosystems^3-4^. Invasive alien species had seriously threated the biodiversity and natural ecosystems in China^5^, and caused economic losses by more than US$7 billion every year^6^. Alternanthera philoxeroides, commonly known as Alligator weed, is an invasive amphibious plant^7^. The effect of physical methods such as mechanical or artificial salvage, removal of A. philoxeroides were very limited. Moreover, these measure should be carried out very carefully or would easy lead to its rebound^8^. The mainly biological...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5267/version/1

FAIRE-seq data analysis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under carbon deprivation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David Urbina-G&amp;#xf3;mez; Flavia  Vischi Winck; Bernd M&amp;#xfc;ller-R&amp;#xf6;ber; Diego Mauricio Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n.
For the genome-wide identification of nucleosome depleted regions under carbon deprivation, we analyze an available set of data from an assay of formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements followed by sequencing (FAIRE-seq). Mapping to the sequenced nuclear genome of C.reinhardtii, followed by the identification of the enrichment-sequenced fragments was performed. We examined the location of these fragments relative to annotated genes. The related genes were associated to the corresponding Gene-Ontology (GO), for an evaluation of over-representate GO categories. Some genes, link with functions or locations, that have been previous described, indicating the success of the method finding carbon-metabolism related fragments.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7035/version/1

Crossing Lilium Orientals of different ploidy creates Fusarium-resistant hybrid
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zheng Sixiang; Wu Hongzhi; Zhao Yan; Liu Feihu.
Oriental hybrid lily is of great commercial value, but it is susceptible to Fusarium disease that causes a significant loss to the production. A diploid Oriental hybrid resistant to Fusarium, Cai-74, was diploidized from triploid obtained from the offspring of tetraploid (from &amp;#x2018;Star Fighter&amp;#x2019;) and diploid (&amp;#x2018;Con Amore&amp;#x2019;, &amp;#x2018;Acapulco&amp;#x2019;) by screening the hybrids of different cross combinations following inoculating Fusarium oxysporum to the tissue cultured plantlets in a greenhouse. By analyzing saponins content in bulbs of a number of lily genotypes with a known Fusarium resistance, it was found that the mutant Cai-74 had a much higher content of saponin than its parents.  Highly resistant wild _L....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4830/version/1

Development of GCP Ontology for Sharing Crop Information
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rosemary Shrestha; Ramil Mauleon; Reinhard Simon; Jayashree  Balaji; Stephanie  Channeli&amp;#xe8;re; Adriana  Alercia; Martin Senger; Kevin Manansala; Thomas Metz; Guy  Davenport; Richard Bruskiewich; Graham McLaren; Elizabeth Arnaud.
The Generation Challenge Programme (GCP &amp;#x2013; &amp;#x22;http://www.generationcp.org&amp;#x22;:http://www.generationcp.org) is a globally distributed crop research consortium directed toward crop improvement through the application of comparative biology and genetic resources characterization to plant breeding. GCP adopted the development paradigm of a &amp;#x2018;model-driven architecture&amp;#x2019; to achieve the interoperability and integration of diverse GCP data types that are available through distributed data sources and consumed by end-user data analysis tools. Its objective is to ensure semantic compatibility across the Consortium that will lead to the creation of robust global public goods from GCP research results....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3087/version/1

p-hydroxybenzoic acid inhibited photosynthetic efficiency, yield and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching in Lactuca sativa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: M. Iftikhar Hussain; Luis Gonzalez; Manuel Joaquin Reigosa.
The p-hydroxybenzoic acid (BA) is a widespread phenolic compound often cited as allelochemical [1], released into soil by root exudates of _Avena fatua_ [2], leaf leachates, and decomposed plant tissues of _Triticum aestivum_ L. [3]. Because of the herbicidal potential of BA on crops [4] and weed species [5], commercially available BA was tested on photosynthetic efficiency, yield and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching in _Lactuca sativa_ in a glass house study. The stock solution (3mM) of BA was made in Methanol: Water (20:80). Methanol was evaporated in a rotary vaporizer and stock solution was adjusted to concentration of 1.5 mM. Lettuce (_Lactuca sativa_ L. cv. Great Lakes California) seeds were grown in perlite culture in plastic pots, irrigated...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4573/version/1

Development and validation of an analysis method for the detection of altered resistance in transgenic plants to herbivore-pathogen-complexes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Anja  H&amp;#xfc;hnlein; J&amp;#xf6;rg  Schubert; Thomas  Thieme.
Genetically modified plants (GMPs) have to pass several safety evaluations before they can be approved but identification of undesired changes in metabolism is hard to achieve due to its complexity. Such unexpected changes could be reflected by changes in virus resistance and feeding behaviour of herbivores such as aphids. Altered behaviour can be determined by so- called life table statistics where e. g. the lifetime and the reproduction rate are analysed. Such experiments are time consuming and costly. The behaviour alterations should also be detectable by changes in virus uptake und transmission. Thus, quantitative detection methods are needed in order to measure the absolute virus content in plants and in aphids. _Potato leafroll virus_ (PLRV) and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4473/version/1

Toward a complete model of radial growth in Pinus edulis: the effects of CO2 and prior years
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: C. Susannah Tysor; Amy Whipple; George Koch.
_Pinus edulis_ (pi&amp;#xf1;on pine) is found across 35% of the Colorado Plateau and is a foundation species in the pi&amp;#xf1;on-juniper woodlands of the Southwest. Pi&amp;#xf1;on pine mortality in the recent drought has been high and climate change models forecast a warmer future for the region, which will increase pi&amp;#xf1;on pine water stress.  In order to predict the fate of pi&amp;#xf1;on pine, we must understand how various climatic factors influence pi&amp;#xf1;on growth. Tree rings provide a climate sensitive record of growth ideal for exploring the relationship between growth and climate.  We used 78 pi&amp;#xf1;on pine trees cored at Red Mountain in northern Arizona in 1998 to predict tree ring width and pi&amp;#xf1;on pine mortality, using...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3613/version/1

Development of a method for phenotyping Black Rot (_Guignardia bidwellii_) resistance on grapevine (_Vitis_ spp.)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Friederike Rex; Iris Fechter; Ludger Hausmann; Reinhard T&amp;#xf6;pfer.
Black Rot of grapevine is caused by the Ascomycet _Guignardia bidwellii_. The pathogen was introduced from North America to Europe in the 19th century. Since 2002, increased effects of the disease have been noticed, causing significant yield losses in the region of Mosel and infections in all German wine-growing regions. For that reason, it is important to breed Black Rot-resistant grapevine cultivars. A method has been developed to characterize lots of vines in a fast and reliable way concerning their susceptibility. Initial data has been collected and can be used for genetic analysis (here QTL). The aim of the project is to develop a molecular marker correlating with Black Rot resistance which can be used to select juvenile plants and therefore support...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5743/version/1

Plants switch photosystem at high temperature to protect photosystem II
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yasuo Yamauchi; Yukihiro Kimura; Seiji Akimoto; Yoko Marutani; Masaharu Mizutani; Yukihiro Sugimoto.
Plants are often exposed to temperatures of around 40^o^C. These temperatures can cause serious damage to photosystems, yet plants can survive with minimum damage. Here, we show that plants switch photosystem to protect photosystem II (PSII) at 40^o^C. Using wheat and Arabidopsis seedlings, we investigated the mechanisms of heat-derived damage in the dark and avoidance of damage in the light. Heat treatment at 40^o^C in the dark caused serious damage to PSII: the maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and oxygen evolution rapidly decreased. The damage was due to the degradation of the D1 protein (shown by immuno-chemical analysis) and the disturbance of energy transfer in PSII core chlorophyll-binding proteins CP43 and CP47 (shown by time-resolved...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6168/version/1

Screening of certain Ayurvedic plants extracts against E. turcicum
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kaushal Kumar Bhati; R. Prasad; Rajesh Singh.
The use of chemicals against pathogens is environmentally dangerous, so use of natural inhibitors for disease management is needed. In this work we screen botanical extracts from ayurvedic plants for their antifungal properties against economically important plant fungal pathogen. As a test fungal pathogen, we select E. turcicum, a potent fungal pathogen responsible for Northern leaf corn blight of Maize. This fungal pathogen was challenged by the leaf extract prepared from certain Ayurvedic plants and these observations have shown a promising future in biocontrol of fungus by using such environmentally friendly&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;antifungal agents.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6199/version/1

Mechanisms to overcome ecosystem nitrogen and phosphorus limitation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rebecca Ostertag.
Nutrients limit plant growth in many ecosystems, and many species develop adaptations to either obtain more nutrients or to avoid losses. Much past ecological work has focused either on temperate nitrogen-limited systems or has addressed infertile soils as a single entity, rather than addressing the nature of the limitation. Although low nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) soils are found worldwide, the consequences of N and P limitation for plants may vary due to fundamental differences in the soil mobility, availability, uptake, and cellular uses of N and P. Using a well-studied chronosequence in the Hawaiian Islands, which contains both low N and P soils but which is dominated by similar plant communities, foliar N and P plant responses to fertilization...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1993/version/1

Applying of novel subtraction method Genetically Directed Differential Subtraction Chain (GDDSC) in plant genomes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ewa Siedlecka; Aneta Hromada-Judycka; Magdalena Pawe&amp;#x142;kowicz; Rafa&amp;#x142; W&amp;#xf3;ycicki; Monika Rakoczy-Trojanowska; Zbigniew Przybecki.
We present a simple subtraction procedure of GDDSC as a modification of the original DSC and GDRDA methods. Genetically Directed Differential Subtraction Chain (GDDSC) is a process by which highly related genomes are compared in order to isolate tags carrying the polymorphisms. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;To detect specific DNA fragment (tag), we can then monitor offspring plants for efficient molecular breeding. The GDDSC protocol was applied to isolation of new sex related clones from cucumber plants (_Cucumis_ _sativus_ L.) and new tissue culture response clones from rye (_Secale_ _cereale_ L.). The newly identified tags, obtained by GDDSC represent pools of candidate genes and other sequences, which could serve as potential markers for requested traits.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5465/version/2

Plant Transcription Factors @ uni-potsdam.de
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diego Mauricio Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pach&amp;#xf3;n; Ingo Dreyer; Slobodan Ruzicic; Bernd Mueller-Roeber.
We present the Plant Transcription Factor Database (PlnTFDB), and the putative complete set of TFs in the algae _Chlamydomonas reinhardtii_, _Ostreococcus tauri_ and the vascular plants _Oryza sativa_ and _Arabidopsis thaliana_.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/243/version/1

Successful outdoor cultivation of a photosensitive wild strain of edible Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummel (Oyster mushroom) from the Western Ghats region of Goa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar N. Kamat; N. V. Desilva; K. R. Phadte.
There is considerable interest in identifying wild tropical strains of oyster mushrooms&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;useful for cultivation, strain improvement and systematic breeding programme. During&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;routine surveys to identify such strains from Goa&amp;#x2019;s western ghats, an interesting wild form of Pleurotus ostreatus was found growing on logs of wild Mangifera indica L a novel habitat for the species reported for the first time. After obtaining and screening several pure isolates, a fertile strain BA-50/GUOMS was selected for cultivation under natural outdoor conditions. Spawn prepared on wheat grains was produced within 11 days and was used to ramify sterilized paddy straw as substrate using standard polybag technique. Spawn run was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4213/version/1

Organic Control of Oilseed Rape Pests through Natural Pesticides and Mixed Cultivation with Turnip Rape
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tobias Ludwig; Eva Jansen; Benjamin Trost; Julia Mayer; Stefan K&amp;#xfc;hne; Herwart B&amp;#xf6;hm.
A mixed cropping system of rapeseed and 10 % turnip rape as trap crop was compared with oilseed rape in pure stand to demonstrate the reduction of infestation by insect pests. Furthermore the application of bio-pesticides like pyrethrum/rape oil (Spruzit&amp;#xae; Neu), spinosad (SpinTor), diatomeen earth (SiO~2~) /sunflower-oil and rock powder/water was tested. Oilseed rape showed a higher infestation by stem weevils (_Ceutorhynchus_ spp.) in the mixed cropping system compared to rapeseed in pure stand. The reduction of the pollen beetle (_Meligethes aeneus_) on the rapeseed buds resulted from higher attractiveness of turnip rape as a consequence of advanced growth. The faster development of turnip rape seems to be the important key of successful pollen...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5741/version/1

Novel Techniques for Microspectroscopy and Chemical Imaging Analysis of Soybean Seeds and Embryos
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng  You; Doina M. Costescu.
Novel methodologies are currently being&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;evaluated for the Chemical Analysis of&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;soybean seeds as well as developing &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;mature soybean embryos by FT-IR/NIR Microspectroscopy. This is the first report of FT-NIR Chemical Images obtained with 1 micron resolution. NIR spectra of Proteins, Oil and DNA fibers are obtained for regions as small as 1&amp;#x3bc;^2^.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6591/version/1

Development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for an integrated test system towards the effective and competitive risk assessment on transgenic plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christine  H&amp;#xf6;flich; Andreas  M&amp;#xfc;ller; J&amp;#xf6;rg  Schmidtke; Kerstin  Schmidt; Inge  Broer.
Transgenic plants need specific approaches to analyse their potential impact on environment and consumer. The procedures used to date are often too extensive and time-consuming and associated with high costs. The BioOK network was established to develop an effective and competitive risk assessment on transgenic plants based on interdisciplinary research. New and effective methods for the risk assessment were established which focus on transgene-specific effects measured in in vitro systems in the laboratory or greenhouse whenever possible. Nevertheless event-specific field experiments have to be carried out in addition to implement environmental effects e.g. on non-targets or the variability of transgene expression.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4438/version/2

Chloroplast and Cell Imaging at Submicron Resolution by Two-Photon Excitation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I C. Baianu.
Novel, two-photon NIR excitation fluorescence correlation microspectroscopy tests and preliminary results were presented in this article with submicron resolution for concentrated suspensions of functional cells and chloroplast membranes. Related developments of these technique involve applications of Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy (FCCS) detection to monitoring: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;DNA- telomerase interactions, DNA hybridization kinetics, ligand-receptor interactions, and HIV-HBV testing. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7116/version/1

Deciphering the genome structure and paleohistory of _Theobroma cacao_
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xavier Argout; Jerome Salse; Jean Marc Aury; Gaetan Droc; Jerome Gouzy; Mathilde Allegre; Cristian Chaparro; Thierry Legavre; Mark Guiltinan; Siela Maximova; Michael Abrouk; Florent Murat; Olivier Fouet; Julie Poulain; Manuel Ruiz; Yolande Roguet; Maguy Rodier-Goud; Jose Fernandes Barbosa-Neto; Francois Sabot; Dave Kudrna; Jetty Siva S. Ammiraju; Stephan C. Schuster; John E. Carlson; Erika Sallet; Schiex T.; Anne Dievart; Melissa Kramer; Laura Gelley; Zi Sh; Aur&amp;#xe9;lie B&amp;#xe9;rard; Christopher Viot; Michel Boccara; Ange Marie Risterucci; Valentin Guignon; Xavier Sabau; Michael Axtell; Zhaorong Ma; Yufan Zhang; Spencer Brown; Mickael Bourge; Wolfgang Golser; Xiang Song; Didier Clement; Ronan Rivalan; Mathias Tahi; Joseph Moroh Akaza; Bertrand Pitollat; Karina Gramacho; Ang&amp;#xe9;lique D&amp;#x2019;Hont; Dominique Brunel; Diogenes Infante; Ismael Kebe; Pierre Costet; Rod Wing; W.  Richard McCombie; Emmanuel Guiderdoni; Francis Quetier; Olivier Panaud; Patrick Wincker; Stephanie Sidibe-Bocs; Claire Lanaud.
We sequenced and assembled the genome of _Theobroma cacao_, an economically important tropical fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. The assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of them anchored on the 10 _T. cacao_ chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene families during evolution, for example flavonoid-related genes. It also provides a major source of candidate genes for _T. cacao_ disease resistance and quality improvement. Based on the inferred paleohistory of the T. cacao genome, we propose an evolutionary scenario whereby the ten _T. cacao_ chromosomes were shaped from an ancestor through eleven chromosome...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4908/version/1

Development and Evaluation of an Efficient Process for the Detoxification of Jatropha Oil and Meal
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sarthak Gaur; Balaji Viswanathan; Rachadaporn  Seemamahannop; Shubhender Kapila; Neil L. Book.
The poster deals with an often mentioned bioenergy plant - Jatopha curcas. The potential of the plant as a sustainable energy source has been hampered by toxicity of its oil and protein rich seeds. The research done by our group describes a simple process for detoxification of the protein rich Jatropha meal thereby making it suitable for animal feed. The process will accelerate use of Jatropha as an energy and feed source thereby enhancing its economic viability. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6118/version/1

Cu2+ uptake by Chlorococcum hemicolum - A Xeric Chlorophycean Alga
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mr. Harish; S. Sundaramoorthy; Devendra Kumar; S.G. Vaijapurkar.
Bioremediation of copper by xeric chlorophycean bioremediator, Chlorococcum hemicolum was investigated. The growth rates at various concentrations of Cu2+ were assessed in terms of protein level and 8 mg L-1 (37.67 % level in growth kinetics) is the tolerance limit. Absorption/adsorption kinetics was estimated after 240 hrs of Cu2+ treatments. Absorptions were higher than adsorption with maximum accumulation factor (AF) of 1.40. The Cu2+ concentration and absorption were linearly related (r = 0.99; p&amp;#x3e;0.01). Other biochemical parameters like total sugar, chlorophyll and carotenoids were also quantified to correlate the state of metabolism and these exhibited reduction due to heavy metal stress.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5657/version/1

Development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for an integrated test system towards the effective and competitive risk assessment on transgenic plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christine  H&amp;#xf6;flich; Andreas  M&amp;#xfc;ller; J&amp;#xf6;rg  Schmidtke; Kerstin  Schmidt; Inge  Broer.
Transgenic plants need specific approaches to analyse their potential impact on environment and consumer. The procedures used to date are often too extensive and time-consuming and associated with high costs. The BioOK network was established to develop an effective and competitive risk assessment on transgenic plants based on interdisciplinary research. New and effective methods for the risk assessment were established which focus on transgene-specific effects measured in in vitro systems in the laboratory or greenhouse whenever possible. Nevertheless event-specific field experiments have to be carried out in addition to implement environmental effects e.g. on non-targets or the variability of transgene expression.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4438/version/1

Changes in Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Oxidative Damage in Four Argania spinosa Ecotypes Under Water Stress Conditions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Abdelghani Chakhchar; Abderrahim  Ferradous; Mouna   Lamaoui; Said Wahbi; Cherkaoui  El Modafar.
_Argania spinosa_ L. Skell, a tree endemic of Morocco, grows in semiarid and arid areas. Biochemical response to drought in four ecotypes of the _A. spinosa_ was compared. Choice of ecotypes was based on evident differences in geographical features in south-west Morocco: two coastal ecotypes (Essaouira and Agadir) and two paralittorale ecotypes (Aoulouz and Lakhssas). Lipid peroxidation (malonyldialdehyde (MDA)), content of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and antioxidant enzyme system (Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Total peroxidase (POD) and Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) were measured in control (100% relative humidity (RH) at field capacity (FC)) and water-stressed plants (50 and 25% RH at FC). For all ecotypes, drought stress significantly...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6189/version/1

Variety in evolutionary strategies favours biodiversity in habitats of moderate productivity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Simon Pierce.
The mechanism whereby biodiversity varies between habitats differing in productivity is a missing link between ecological and evolutionary theory with vital implications for biodiversity conservation, management and the assessment of ecosystem services. A unimodal, humped-back relationship, with biodiversity greatest at intermediate productivities, is evident when plant, animal and microbial communities are compared across productivities in nature. However, the mechanistic, evolutionary basis of this observation remains enigmatic. We show, for natural and semi-natural plant communities across a range of bioclimatic zones, that biodiversity is greatest where communities include species with widely divergent values for phenotypic traits involved in resource...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6618/version/1

Evidence of salt secretion at the stem of _Melaleuca cuticularis_ Labill.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amanda J. Twomey; Bodapati P. Naidu; Shu Fukai.
It has been observed that _Melaleuca cuticularis_ Labill. has the ability to secrete salt solution to the surface of its stem. No literature has been found to illustrate other species&amp;#x27; capacity to secrete salts at the stem and with what little literature there is on _M. cuticularis_ under saline conditions ^1, 2^, there was no evidence documented by those authors to have witnessed salt secreting at the stem. Most recorded observations of salt secretion by plants has usually been on leaf salt secretion through specialized glands or bladders often in mangroves, salt bushes and grass species, among others ^3-8^. This observation is the first known record of a plant species capable of secreting salts mostly at the stem.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2450/version/1

Purification and physicochemical studies of metalloprotease, cotinifolin from Euphorbia cotinifolia
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Reetesh Kumar.
A detailed procedure for the purification of cotinifolin from the latex of Euphorbia cotinifolia using ion exchange chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography is described.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Various biochemical characteristics of cotinifolin and other enzymatic properties along with spectroscopic parameters like circular dichorism and fluorescence have been reported. Cotinifolin is stable over a wide range of pH and under extreme conditions of chaotrops and organic solvents where most proteins lost their functions.  Further studies on the identification of physiological substrates, biophysical and structural studies will give insight into the utility of the enzyme in the biotechnological industries and protein engineering.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6397/version/1

Resource Mediated Competition of two South Texas Natives: _Acacia berlandieri_ and _Trichloris pluriflora_
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sara J. Roach; Paul N. Jurena.
*Background/Question/Methods* &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Acacia berlandieri_, an early-successional C~3~ woody shrub legume, and _Trichloris pluriflora_, a late-successional/climax C~4~ mid-tall grass, reside in similar habitats and have both been documented in Texas for over 150 years. This study examines the resource mediated above and below ground competition within and between these species, which may illuminate some of the dynamics involved in the encroachment of woody shrub species into the former grasslands. These species, started from seed, were grown outdoors (5 replicates/treatment) using sandy clay loam soil in plastic lined 15&amp;#xd7;15 cm pots for 155 days and watered daily. Half of these pots received 12.5% Hoagland&amp;#x2019;s solution as a...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3774/version/1

Formation of Plant Battery from Xerophytic Plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: R.V.K. Charan.
Nature has supplied abundant energy to plants in form of electricity and among them the xerophytics and specially the Opuntias have got the maximum due to adaptness of dry condition. Several researchers have already found voltage across their cells but the present endeavour to harness the total electrical energy conserved in plants in form of a Plant Battery, however of low potential, but is a step forward towards non-conventional energy.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4390/version/1

Molecular Models of DNA Structures and Dynamics: Principles, Techniques and Applications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Molecular models of DNA structures are representations of the molecular geometry and topology of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules using one of several means, such as: closely packed spheres (CPK models) made of plastic, metal wires for &amp;#x27;skeletal models&amp;#x27;, graphic computations and animations by computers, artistic rendering, and so on, with the aim of simplifying and presenting the essential, physical and chemical, properties of DNA molecular structures either in vivo or in vitro. Computer molecular models also allow animations and molecular dynamics simulations that are very important for understanding how DNA functions in vivo.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7075/version/1

Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I.C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^.  This field encompasses the &amp;#x22;physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods&amp;#x22;^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/1

12x coverage 454/Sanger Hybrid Assembly of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv.Borszczagovski) genome - the most efficient way to begin post genomic era
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rafa&amp;#x142; W&amp;#xf3;ycicki; Justyna Witkowicz; Magdalena Pawe&amp;#x142;kowicz; Ewa Siedlecka; Wojciech Gutman; Wojciech Pl&amp;#x105;der; Anna Seroczy&amp;#x144;ska; Mieczys&amp;#x142;aw &amp;#x15a;miech; Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Szczytt; Stanis&amp;#x142;aw Karpi&amp;#x144;ski; Stefan Malepszy; Zbigniew Przybecki.
New sequencing technologies make it possible to achieve genome sequence fast and cheap. Since the assembly step of such next generation reads is still not well standardized it is the most cumbersome part of sequencing projects. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We present here approaches undertaken on the way to the draft assembly the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Borszczagowski) genome done with the use of 8x unpaired and 4x paired (3 Kbp) pyrosequenced 454 XLR Titanium reads, together BAC library ends fragments (12,7x physical coverage). Two different assembly approaches, namely Celera and Celera/Arachne were finally used. The Celera result was 15&amp;#x2019;196 contigs of 197 Mbp length and N50 27&amp;#x2019;086 bp and 4&amp;#x2019;157 scaffolds of 224 Mbp length...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5466/version/1

Comparative Litter Quality and Recalcitrance Among Native Grasses and the Invasive, Non-indigenous KR Bluestem (_Bothriochloa ischaemum_)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amanda Benbow; Kelly G. Lyons.
KR Bluestem (_Bothriochloa ischaemum_) is a non-indigenous, invasive, C4 grass that was introduced throughout the Midwestern and Southwestern U.S. short- to midgrass prairies with the aim of improving degraded rangelands.  The aggressive nature of KR bluestem has led to dramatic alterations of natural and managed ecosystems. Comparative studies of decomposition often show that non-indigenous, invasive plant species have higher rates of nutrient cycling than indigenous species; however, KR bluestem appears to deviate from this trend.  Large amounts of litter are observed in KR-dominated grasslands as compared to intact native grasslands, suggesting that the species has a relatively lower decomposition rate and may slow nutrient cycling in these systems....
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3614/version/1

The community of herbivorous arthropods as an indicator for biological control function in the Post Market Environmental Monitoring of the cultivation of stacked Bt maize
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Eva  Schultheis; Alan J. Slusarenko; Stefan Rauschen.
In field experiments on the potential impacts of the genetically engineered Bt maize events MON 810, MON 88017, and MON 89034 x MON 88017, data were gathered on a diverse range of non-target organisms (NTO). These experiments were performed at different trial locations since 2001.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Surveying herbivores serves two purposes: (i) to assess direct effects on these NTO, and (ii) indirectly analyse disturbances in the biological control function of natural enemies (Sanvido et al., 2009).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Herbivores of interest for this approach should be exposed to the Bt proteins, representative for the maize biocoenosis, and of considerable densities using standardised methods.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Plant bugs...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4492/version/1

Modulation of iron responsive gene expression and enzymatic activities in response to changes of the iron nutritional status in _Cucumis sativus_ L.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Patrizia De Nisi; Gianpiero Vigani; Graziano Zocchi.
Regulation exerted by the iron status of the plant on the iron deficiency responses was investigated in cucumber roots (_Cucumis sativus_ L.) both at the biochemical and molecular level. Absence of iron induced the expression of the CsFRO1, CsIRT1, CsHA1 and the Cspepc1 transcripts that was followed by an increase in the corresponding enzymatic activities. Supply of iron repressed gene expression, in particular those of the Fe(III)-chelate reductase and for the high affinity iron transporter and reduce the enzymatic activities. Our results confirm and extend the hypothesis of a coordinate regulation of these responses. Besides  these two activities strictly correlated with iron deficiency adaptation, we considered also the H+-ATPase and the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4658/version/1

Tendril, adhesive disc and super adhesive effect of climbing plant
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wenli Deng.
Understanding the super adhesion mechanism of biological system is of great scientific interest and a prerequisite for bioinspired design of adhesive systems. To investigate the versatile climbing plant requires the development of new methods. Here I present strategies to fully study the super adhesive effect of climbing plant _Parthenocissus tricuspidata_ by the first time measuring the mass and the attached area of single adhesive disc, by further determining the microscopic structure and the adhesive strength of single adhesive disc and by finally elucidating the adhesion mechanism in cellular and molecular level using the classical theories and the proposed new hypothesis and model. I have measured that a single mature adhesive disc has an average mass...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1513/version/1

Microbial ecosystem constructed in water for successful organic hydroponics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Makoto Shinohara; Hiromi Ohmori; Yoichi Uehara.
Conventional hydroponics systems generally use only chemical fertilisers, not organic ones, since there are no microbial ecosystems present in such systems to mineralise organic compounds to inorganic nutrients. Addition of organic compounds to the hydroponic solution generally has phytotoxic effects and causes poor plant growth. We developed a novel hydroponic culture method using organic fertiliser. A microbial ecosystem was constructed in hydroponic solution by regulating the amounts of organic fertiliser and soil, with moderate aeration. The microbial ecosystem mineralised organic nitrogen to nitrate-nitrogen via ammonification and nitrification. A 97.6% efficiency of nitrate-nitrogen generation from the organic nitrogen in the organic fertiliser was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2494/version/1

The response of two legume crops (hyacinth bean and Kidney bean) to the parasitism of field dodder (_Cuscuta campestris_)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Awad F. Farah.
Abstract: Microscopic examinations and chemical studies were performed to study the response of two legume crops, hyacinth bean (_Lablab purpureus L._) Sweet and kidney bean (_phaseolus vulgaris L._) to the filed dodder (FD) (_Cuscuta campestris Yuncker_) parasitism. Hyacinth bean, showing no effective resistance mechanisms,was found to be a highly susceptible host to FD. However, kidney bean, displaying resistant reactions towards the parasitism of FD,was found to be an incompatible host.The possible reasons for the resistance of kidney bean to FD were anatomical (hypersensitivity) and chemical (high contents of phenolic acids and lignin) stimulated defence mechanisms, which developed during the actual intrusion of FD haustorial cells inside its tissues.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4207/version/1

Critical studies on systematics of Murdannia lanuginosa (Wall. EX C. B. Cl) Brueck. (Commelinaceae)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: M D. Nandikar; R V. Gurav.
_Murdannia lanuginosa_ (C. B. Cl.) Brucek. (Commelinaceae), an endemic plant to Western Ghats of Peninsular India. It is categorized as regionally endangered taxon owing to its restricted habitat and low population status in ateritic plateaus of Maharashtra and Karnataka. It is observed in higher abundance in lateritic plateaus  and hilly slopes at an altitude range of 900 to 1600 m. _M. lanuginosa_ found on open grassy plateaus along with herbs like _M. simplex_, _M. versicolor_, _Ischaemum impressum_, _Glyphochloa forficulata_, _Paspalum canarae_, _Smithia bigemina_, _S. purpurea_, _Rotala densiflora_, _Pogostemon deccanensis_, etc. Extent of occurrence of _M. lanuginosa_ estimated to be 4,000 sq. km and found only at few locations. This paper presents...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4619/version/2

Mobile Image Ratiometry for the Detection of Botrytis cinerea (Gray Mold)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Donald  C. Cooper.
Mobile Platform Informatics (MPI) and Smartphone Informatics (SPI) methods like Mobile Image Ratiometry (MIR) are potentially transformative point-of-use instantaneous analysis tools that are useful across a variety of industries. In agriculture, MIR-compatible immuno test strips allow early detection of a number of biotic stressors before devastating crop losses occur. Here we describe a low-cost and easy-to-use Smartphone and/or tablet-based protocol (Mobile Assay Inc., www.mobileassay.com) for the detection and on-sight instantaneous analysis of B. cinerea, a fungus that causes significant damage to a variety of plants and flowers. Early detection and tracking of the B. cinerea fungus before the visible gray mold appears has the potential to increase...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6989/version/1

Towards a web-based simulation experiment description repository
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michael Guravage; Roeland M. H. Merks.
Modellers are producing more and more complex models. Unless these models are sufficiently characterised and made available to the research community their reuse will be minimal, and reproducing simulation experiments incorporating them will prove problematic. Consensus on the content and form of experiment recipes that combine models and simulations will encourage model sharing and facilitate reuse.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A set of guidelines specifying the &amp;#x27;Minimum Information About a Simulation Experiment&amp;#x27;(MIASE)  proposes a common set of information necessary to reproduce simulation experiments that incorporate quantitative models.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We have instantiated these guidelines in a web-based...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6346/version/1

Soybean Composition Database from NIR, NMR and GC-MS Analyses- (v.3)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Jun Guo; Doina M. Costescu; V. I. Prisecaru.
This novel Soybean Composition Database from the AFC-NMR &amp;#x26; NIR Spectroscopy Facility of the College of ACES at the University of Illinois at Urbana includes more than 12,000 NIR measurements on soybeans from the International Soybean Germplasm Collection, such as those received from Peking at the National Soybean Collection.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Excel files (.xls) of our novel spectroscopic data are currently available for all 80,000 + NIR and FT-NMR measurements; such data are made available from an ultra-fast and secure supercomputer server utilizing the current version of the Scientific-Linux OS-based software. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A detailed account is also presented of our high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-NMR) and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6201/version/3

Effect of Stimulating Magenetic Field on Plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: R. V. K.  Charan.
A plant&amp;#x27;s metabolism contains 90-95 percent of diamagnetic water and rest contains several apra, ferro and dia metals and non-metals.The present work is to study stimulating magnetic effect on plants. In result I find abrupt rising of the pulse rate which may enhance the growth of the plant resulting in removing of necessity of using fertilizers and chemicals for plant growth if it is for human consumption. A relation can also be established in between plant pulsation and the applied field.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3300/version/1

Determination of Soybean Oil, Protein and Amino Acid Residues in Soybean Seeds by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMRS) and Near Infrared (NIRS)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng  You; Doina Costescu; P R. Lozano; Valentin Prisecaru; Randall   L. Nelson.
A detailed account is presented of our high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-NMR) and near infrared (NIR) calibration models, methodologies and validation procedures, together with a large number of composition analyses for soybean seeds. NIR calibrations were developed based on both HR-NMR and analytical chemistry reference data for oil and twelve amino acid residues in mature soybeans and soybean embryos. This is our first report of HR-NMR determinations of amino acid profiles of proteins from whole soybean seeds, without protein extraction from the seed.  It was found that the best results for both oil and protein calibrations were obtained with a Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS-1) analysis of our extensive NIR spectral data, acquired...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7053/version/1

Antidiabetic, Anti-hyperlipidemic &amp;#x26; Hepatoprotective effect of a Polyherbal Unani formulation &amp;#x201c;Qurs Tabasheer&amp;#x201d; in STZ-diabetic wistar rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Danish  Ahmed; Manju Sharma; Alok  Mukerjee; Raja Kamal Kant; Vikas  Kumar.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective effect of a traditional unani formulation &amp;#x201c;Qurs Tabasheer&amp;#x201d; in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic wistar rats. Up until now, no study was undertaken to appraise the efficacy of &amp;#x201c;Qurs Tabasheer&amp;#x201d; in the diabetic rats. Qurs Tabasheer is a unani formulation restraining preparations from six various herbs namely Tukhme Khurfa (Portulaca oleracea seed), Gule Surkh (Rosa damascena flower), Gile armani (Arminium bole), Gulnar (Punica granatum flower), Tabasheer (Bambusa arundinasia dried exudate on node), Tukhme Kahu (Lactuca sativa Linn seed). The effect of Qurs Tabasheer was assessed in STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7056/version/1

Exploring The Hidden Realms Of Global Biodiversity: Interesting Endophytic Yeast Flora From Floral Ovaries
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat; Shweta S. Saudagar.
Soil is considered the ultimate reservoir of all the microbiota  and specifically the yeasts. However their association with different plant organs and at different developmental stages is not fully explored. Although about 1000 yeast species have been identified, exploration of various microhabitats such as plant storage organs, flowers, nectar, and tree sap is expected to yield a large number of novel species, including interesting endophytic yeasts(Carlos &amp;#x26; Gabor, 2006). Angiosperms are considered the most diverse group of the plant kingdom comprising of about 250,000 species (Kenrick, 1999). As part of an exhaustive exploration of yeasts associated with angiosperm flowers, specific attention was paid to floral ovaries to detect the presence of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6268/version/1

Applying of novel subtracted method Genetically Directed Differential Subtraction Chain (GDDSC) in plant genomes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ewa Siedlecka; Aneta Hromada-Judycka; Magdalena Pawe&amp;#x142;kowicz; Rafa&amp;#x142; W&amp;#xf3;ycicki; Monika Rakoczy-Trojanowska; Zbigniew Przybecki.
We present a simple subtraction procedure of GDDSC as a modification of the original DSC and GDRDA methods. Genetically Directed Differential Subtraction Chain (GDDSC) is a process by which highly related genomes are compared in order to isolate tags carrying the polymorphisms. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;To detect specific DNA fragment (tag), we can then monitor offspring plants for efficient molecular breeding. The GDDSC protocol was applied to isolation of new sex related clones from cucumber plants (_Cucumis_ _sativus_ L.) and new tissue culture response clones from rye (_Secale_ _cereale_ L.). The newly identified tags, obtained by GDDSC represent pools of candidate genes and other sequences, which could serve as potential markers for requested traits.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5465/version/1

Influence of different iron availability on phosphoenolpiruvate carboxilase and malate dehydrogenase in roots of maize (Zea Mays L.) plants grown under iron deficiency
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marco Antonio Russo; Adalgisa Belligno.
The effect of the different nitrate availability on some enzymatic activities has been evaluated in iron deficient and iron sufficient maize plants (Zea mays L.). In order to evaluate if the induction of sensitive to pH enzymatic activities is affected by the variation of the apoplast reaction due to the different nitrate availability, two experimental tests were done on maize plants grown in nutrient solution with different NO3- availability and with Fe-sufficiency (+Fe) (added with 80 uM Fe(III)-EDTA) and Fe-deficiency (-Fe) (added with 0.1 uM Fe(III)-EDTA).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;As regards 0.4 mM NO3- (NS2), independently of iron availability, phosphoenolpiruvate carboxilase and malate dehydrogenase inductions are higher than those recorded for the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4175/version/1

Dicroidium: no more a Triassic Gondwana index fossil
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ashwini Srivastava; Rashmi Srivastava; Deepa Agnihotri.
A large number of _Dicroidium_-frond, considered as the marker of Early Triassic Gondwana flora, are discovered for the first time with well preserved cuticle from Early Permian (Lower Gondwana) sequence of Barakar Formation, Satpura Gondwana Basin, India. The presence of _Dicroidium_ in Late Permian mixed floral zone of Jordan has been viewed as its possible origin in paleotropics but the evidence in hand exhibits its Gondwanic derivation and threatens the recognition of _Dicroidium_ flora for Middle Gondwana in association with Lower Gondwana Glossopteris and Upper Gondwana Ptilophyllun flora.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4777/version/1

Mechanistic mechanisms of competition and biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
The nature of competition and biodiversity are open basic questions since Darwin. To investigate mechanisms of interspecific competition and their contribution in biodiversity as closely as possible we offer a white-box modelling method based on physically interpreted ecological axioms. These models are implemented as deterministic individual-based cellular automata and able to give a direct physico-mechanistic insight into studied phenomena. Competition of two trophically identical but fitness different species, competing for one limiting resource in one stable uniform habitat (which is closed for immigration, emigration, predation, herbivory and parasitism) has been investigated in conditions, which are the most unfavourable for their coexistence. The...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7105/version/1

CARE1, a TY3-gypsy long terminal repeat retrotransposon in the food legume chickpea (Cicer arietinum L)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Manoj D. R. Rajput; Kailash C. Upadhyaya.
We report a novel Ty3-gypsy long terminal repeat retrotransposon CARE1 (_Cicer arietinum_ retro-element 1) in chickpea. This 5920-bp AT-rich (63%) element carries 723-bp 5&amp;#x27; and 897-bp 3&amp;#x27; LTRs respectively flanking an internal region of 4300-bp. The LTRs of CARE1 show 93.9% nucleotide identity to each other and have 4-bp (ACTA) terminal inverted repeats. A 17-bp potential tRNAmet primer binding site downstream to 5&amp;#x27; LTR and a 13-bp polypurine tract upstream to 3&amp;#x27; LTR have been identified. The order of domains (Gag-proteinase-reverse transcriptase-RNaseH-integrase) in the deduced amino acid sequence and phylogenetic tree constructed using reverse transcriptase sequences places CARE1 in the gypsy group of retrotransposons....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/819/version/1

Laboratory and field evaluation for the resistance of commonly used woods against _Coptotermes heimi_ (Wasmann).
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Farkhanda  Manzoor; Nadeem Sheikh; Asma  Zawar.
The current study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of four wood species (_Azadirachta indica_, _Pinus roxberghii_, _Dalbergia sissoo_ and _Populus deltoides_) against subterranean termite species _Coptotermes heimi_ by choice and no choice field and laboratory trials. Of these four wood species  _P. roxberghii_ and  _D. sissoo_ proved to be most resistant to termite attack. Taken together these results we can conclude that _D. sissoo_ is the least preferred and _P. deltoides_ is the most preferred wood by the _C. heimi_. The data obtained from the field choice and no-choice the woods are arranged in order of preference DS&amp;#x3e;PR&amp;#x3e;AI&amp;#x3e;PD whereas in laboratory choice and no-choice trials the order of preference was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4485/version/1

Water soluble carbon nanotubes affect growth of the common gram (Cicer arietinum)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Shweta Tripathi; Sumit Kumar Sonkar; Abhishek Kumar; M.Y. Khan; Sabyasachi  Sarkar.
Multi-walled Carbon nanotube, its role and implications in biological systems are currently under evaluation and became interesting for many researchers primarily working on the interface of chemistry, physics and biology.  However, concerns about the potential toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes have been raised. To carry such affords, herein we investigate the effects of carboxylic acid functionalized water soluble carbon nanotube (wsCNT) on the growth of gram Cicer arietinum plant. The growth of gram plants was observed with and without the presence of wsCNT to demonstrate that carboxylated functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes showed better growth and under more wsCNT, the growth was enhanced without showing apparent toxicity. Although...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4056/version/1

Pyrosequencing/Sanger Plant Genome Assembly (Limitations, Problems And Solutions) - On The Way To Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Borszczagowski) Draft Genome Sequence Publishing
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rafal Woycicki; Zbigniew Przybecki.
Genome sequencing give us an opportunity to broaden the range and improve the quality of omics studies. New sequencing technologies make it possible to achieve the sequencing reads fast and cheap. Since the assembly step of such next generation reads is still not well standardized it is the most cumbersome part of sequencing projects.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We focus here on the wide range of approaches undertaken to assemble the draft cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Borszczagowski) genome done by using 12x coverage of pyrosequencing Titanium chemistry shotgun paired and unpaired reads combined with Sanger reads.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4630/version/1

Estimated carboxylic acid ester hydrolysis rate constants for food and beverage aroma compounds
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Kaya Forest.
Aroma compounds in the Flavornet database were screened for potentially hydrolyzable carboxylic acid ester functionalities. Of the 738 aroma compounds listed in this database, 140 molecules contain carboxylic acid ester groups that may be amenable to hydrolysis in various food and beverage products.  Acid- (k~A~) and base- (k~B~) catalyzed and neutral (k~N~) hydrolysis rate constants in pure water at 25&amp;#xb0;C were estimated for these aroma compounds. Where available, good agreement between theoretical and experimental hydrolytic half-lives was obtained at various pH values. Wide ranges and broad frequency distributions for k~A~, k~B~, and k~N~ are expected among the various hydrolyzable aroma compounds, with estimated k~A~ ranging from...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6471/version/1

NIR Calibrations for Soybean Seeds and Soy Food Composition Analysis: Total Carbohydrates, Oil, Proteins and Water Contents
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo.
Conventional chemical analysis techniques are expensive, time consuming, and often destructive. The non-invasive Near Infrared (NIR) technology was introduced over the last decades for wide-scale, inexpensive chemical analysis of food and crop seed composition (see Williams and Norris, 1987; Wilcox and Cavins, 1995; Buning and Diller, 2000 for reviews of the NIR technique development stage prior to 1998, when Diode Arrays were introduced to NIR). NIR spectroscopic measurements obey Lambert and Beer&amp;#x2019;s law, and quantitative measurements can be successfully made with high speed and ease of operation. NIR has been used in a great variety of food applications. General applications of products analyzed come from all sectors of the food industry...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6611/version/1

Ontology-driven International Maize Information System (IMIS) for Phenotypic and Genotypic Data Exchange
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rosemary Shrestha; Hector Sanchez; Claudio Ayala; Peter Wenzl; Elizabeth Arnaud.
The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR; http://www.cgiar.org/) centres have developed the International Crop Information System (ICIS; http://www.icis.cgiar.org) for the management and integration of global information on genetic resources, and germplasm improvement for any crop. The Maize breeding programs at CIMMYT (http://beta.cimmyt.org/) have different software tools to manage phenotypic, genotypic, and environmental information for their experiments generated worldwide. These tools have the capacity of collecting information in the field, wet lab, and store it into different relational databases. The IMIS (http://imis.cimmyt.org/confluence/display/IMIS/Crop+Finder) is an implementation of the ICIS, which is a...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5029/version/1

A unified mechanistic model of niche, neutrality and violation of the competitive exclusion principle
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
The origin of species richness is one of the most widely discussed questions in ecology. The absence of unified mechanistic model of competition makes difficult our deep understanding of this subject. Here we show such a two-species competition model that unifies (i) a mechanistic niche model, (ii) a mechanistic neutral (null) model and (iii) a mechanistic violation of the competitive exclusion principle. Our model is an individual-based cellular automaton. We demonstrate how two trophically identical and aggressively propagating species can stably coexist in one stable homogeneous habitat without any trade-offs in spite of their 10% difference in fitness. Competitive exclusion occurs if the fitness difference is significant (approximately more than 30%)....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7089/version/1

Studies on the Accumulation of Chromium in Fenugreek
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xanthate D S; Murthy Ch V R; Rajan S C S; Sekhar D M R.
Studying Cr uptake by Fenugreek, we note that the maximum concentration of Cr takes place in the shells of the pods followed by leaves, stems and seeds in that order. Interestingly, applied higher doses of Cr does not increase accumulation of Cr in the stems, rather Cr content in the stems levels off. However, the maximum dispersal/distribution of Cr taken up is in the leaves.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6763/version/1

Assessing the Genotypic Differences for Seed Set and Seed Abortion in Tomato Genotypes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chalapathy  K. Reddy; Ganeshaiah Narayana; Uma  Shaanker.
Tomato (_Lycopersicon esculentum_ Mill.) is one of the most popular fruit vegetable around the world. Seed abortion where in only a small proportion of ovules in an ovary develops into matured seeds, is a wide spread phenomenon in multi-ovulated species. In agriculturally important crops such as chickpea, groundnut, Brassica, pigeon pea and field bean seed abortion substantially reduces their productivity. Tomato genotypes exhibited seed abortion where in only some proportion of ovules developed into matured seeds. Seed abortion in tomato cultivars would increase the cost of hybrid seed production. In this study, we have analyzed 19 genotypes for number of ovules, seed set and seed abortion. Tomato genotypes differed significantly for number of ovules per...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3183/version/1

Development of Novel Calibrations for FT-NIR Analysis of Protein, Oil, Carbohydrates and Isoflavones in Foods
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I Baianu; Jun Guo.
The development of calibration methodology for novel FT-NIRS analysis of soybean-based foods is presented together with high-precision NIRS spectra and composition measurements in terms of proteins, oil and carbohydrates in soybean-based foods/soy foods.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6317/version/1

Current status of herbal and their future perspectives
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal  R. Samy; Ponnampalam Gopalakrishnakone.
Traditional medicine is the synthesis of therapeutic experience of generations of practicing physicians of indigenous systems of medicine. Throughout the history of mankind, many infectious diseases have been treated with herbals. The traditional medicine is increasingly solicited through the tradipractitioners and herbalists in the treatment of infectious diseases. Among the remedies used, plant drugs constitute an important part. A number of scientific investigations have highlighted the importance and the contribution of many plant families i.e. Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Apocynaceae, Solanaceae, Caesalpinaceae, Rutaceae, Piperaceae, Sapotaceae used as medicinal plants. Medicinal plants play a vital role for the development of new drugs (export and import...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1176/version/1

A Micropropagation, Molecular and Physiochemical Analysis of Canola Brassica napus L. From Seeds
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr  Khan; Muhammad Shuaib; Sikandar Khan; Muhammad Amir Zia; Haji Akbar.
Canola is important for its oil, anticarcinogenic phytochemicals and low saturated fat content and has wide scope for further improvement through genetic transformations. Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of disease free progeny plants, using modern asceptic plant tissue culture methods and also to conserve germ plasm. A combination of auxin and cytikinin and a shock on growth regulator free medium is used for micropropagation. Molecular and physiochemical analysis done to know variation in seeds protein content and electric conductivity.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4781/version/2

Overcoming high temperature inhibition of flower formation and fruit production without bees
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Albert Liptay; Ron A. Salzman; Jerry H. Stoller; Michael D. Orzolek.
Flower formation in the Cucurbitaceae family is compromised at high temperatures; both male and female flowers and therefore fruit productivity are greatly reduced as the growing temperatures for these vegetable crops are increased above 26C. This intractable phenomenon has been documented both with outdoor field experiments at various latitudes on the eastern seaboard in the USA and in a laboratory, temperature-regulated setting. We now report that an agricultural product, FP, which has been, and is used globally on many commercial crops to increase flower number and strength during blossom formation and development, overcomes the apparent refractory floral initiation and development at high temperatures. This is a new and unexpected finding....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3707/version/1

PMEM of carabid beetles in the agro-ecosystem: Prospects and problems
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kai  U. Priesnitz; Ullrich  Benker.
The comparison of carabid communities sampled at three different field sites during 5 years of ecological biosafety research provides useful information for the design of a post market environmental monitoring of this arthropod family. Each evaluated field site demonstrated a unique composition of carabid species. A baseline for the carabid beetle communities would therefore be necessary for each field site to detect any changes in its composition over time. Aside from the influence of the location, the impacts of weather, the date of sampling and of course the chosen sampling method have to be considered. A standardized method is a basic requirement for a replicable assessment. The number of traps per square meter, and the size and the design of the traps...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4445/version/1

ChlamyCyc - a comprehensive database and web-portal centered on _Chlamydomonas reinhardtii_
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jan-Ole  Christian; Patrick May; Stefan Kempa; Dirk Walther.
*Background* - The unicellular green alga _Chlamydomonas reinhardtii_ is an important eukaryotic model organism for the study of photosynthesis and growth, as well as flagella development and other cellular processes. In the era of high-throughput technologies there is an imperative need to integrate large-scale data sets from high-throughput experimental techniques using computational methods and database resources to provide comprehensive information about the whole cellular system of a single organism.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Results* - In the framework of the German Systems Biology initiative GoFORSYS a pathway/genome database and web-portal for _Chlamydomonas reinhardtii_ (ChlamyCyc) was established, which currently features about 270 metabolic pathways...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3108/version/1

A Tobacco Homolog of DCN1 is Involved in Cellular Reprogramming and in Developmental Transitions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Julia Hosp; Alexandra Ribarits; Katarzyna Szaszka; Yongfeng Jin; Alisher Tashpulatov; Marina Baumann; Tatiana Resch; Christina Friedmann; Elisabeth Ankele; Viktor Voronin; Klaus Palme; Alisher Touraev; Erwin Heberle-Bors.
Plant proteomes show remarkable plasticity in reaction to environmental challenges and during developmental transitions. Some of this adaptability comes from ubiquitin-mediated protein destruction regulated by cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs). CRLs are activated through modification of the cullin subunit with the ubiquitin-like protein RUB/NEDD8 by an E3 ligase called defective in cullin neddylation 1 (DCN1). Here we show that tobacco DCN1 binds ubiquitin and RUB/NEDD8, and associates with cullin. When knocked down by RNAi, tobacco pollen formation stopped and zygotic embryogenesis was blocked around the globular stage. Additionally, we found that RNAi of DCN1 inhibited the stress-triggered reprogramming of cultured microspores from their intrinsic...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5728/version/1

GreenPhylDB: A Gene Family Database for plant functional Genomics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthieu G. Conte; Marie-Ang&amp;#xe9;lique Laporte; Christophe P&amp;#xe9;rin; Mathieu  Rouard.
With the increasing number of genomes being sequenced, a major objective is to transfer accurate annotation from characterised proteins to uncharacterised sequences. Consequently, comparative genomics has become a usual and efficient strategy in functional genomics. The release of various annotated genomes of plants, such as _O. sativa_ and _A. thaliana_, has allowed setting up comprehensive lists of gene families defined by automated methods. However, like for gene sequence, manual curation of gene families is an important requirement that has to be undertaken. GreenPhylDB comprises protein sequences of 12 plant species fully sequenced that were grouped into homeomorphic families using similarity-based methods. Clusters are finally processed by...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3136/version/1

A test of _psbK-psbI_ and _atpF-atpH_ as potential plant DNA barcodes using the flora of the Kruger National Park (South Africa) as a model system
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Renaud R. Y. Lahaye; Vincent Savolainen; Sylvie Duthoit; Olivier  Maurin; Michelle van der Bank.
A DNA barcode consists of a standardized short sequence of DNA (400-800bp) used to identify the taxonomic species a small organic fragment belongs to. Even though it has been easy to discriminate animal species by using the mitochondrial gene _cox1_, this is still difficult for plants seeing that the mitochondrial genome is not variable enough on the species level. During the Second International Barcode of Life Conference in Tapei (September 2007), different plastid regions were proposed as potential plant DNA barcodes, such as _atpF-atpH_ and _psbK-psbI_, but no consensus on which region to use was reached during the meeting. The largest plant DNA barcoding study to date proposed _matK_ as the best candidate and suggested that in combination with...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1896/version/1

Copper and other heavy metals in specialized crops and their effects on soil coenosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Anna Steindl; Thomas Strumpf; Frank Riepert.
The background of the project are claims of the EU regulation to generate reliable data considering the extent of copper contamination in soils of specialized crops in order to decide about copper restrictions in organic farming.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;2522 single soil samples were collected on 85 vineyard and 13 hop areas with different management histories. Samples were taken from sites presently under cultivation, formerly cultivated, and sites without anthropogenic copper contamination as control, indicating natural background values. In addition to Aqua Regia extraction for determining total copper contents, available plant copper content was analyzed in NH~4~NO~3~ extraction. Soil parameters such as pH-value, C/N ratio, soil type etc....
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5737/version/1

Structural Modeling and Validation of Rep protein of Begomovirus Strains (TLCBV and TYLCTHV)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rajneesh Prajapat; Vivek Bajpai; Rajarshi Kumar Gaur.
Homology modeling involves taking a known sequence with an unknown structure and mapping it against a known structure of one or several similar (homologous) proteins. It would be expected that two proteins of similar origin and function would have reasonable structural similarity. Therefore it is possible to use the known structure as a template for modeling the structure of the unknown structure. Proteins that share the same function generally have similar structures. During alignment if two proteins show maximum sequence identity they also show a similar folding pattern. This principal has became the foundation of homology modeling. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The Geminivirus taxonomic group of plant viruses is characterized by geminate particles and genomes...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5617/version/1

Plant species diversity and genetic diversity interactively influence community properties and ecosystem processes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kerri M. Crawford; Jennifer  A. Rudgers.
Background/Questions/Methods:  Biodiversity is a critical element of community properties and ecosystem processes.  Both plant species richness and genetic diversity positively affect processes ranging from primary production, ecosystem stability, and the maintenance of diversity.  In nature, it is likely that species diversity and genetic diversity interactively affect how communities are structured and ecosystems function.  However, the relative contribution of species diversity and genetic diversity to ecological processes has been rarely documented, and potential interactions between the two levels of diversity have not been investigated.  Here, I report results from a common garden experiment conducted in a coastal freshwater dune habitat at Sleeping...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5242/version/1

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) from Hordeum vulgare- an in-silico study
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kaushal Kumar Bhati; Vijay  Kumar Singh.
Glycine Betaine is a quaternary amino compound that accumulates in stress conditions, mainly abiotic stresses like drought and salinity &amp;#x26; synthesized  by  the  two-step  oxidation  of  choline  via  the intermediate  betaine  aldehyde,  catalyzed  by  Choline  monooxygenase  and  Betaine  aldehyde dehydrogenase  (BADH).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The sequence analysis of key enzymes of Glycine betaine biosynthesis i.e. BADH was carried out using various online proteomic tools available on Expasy and EBL, and then homologous modeling of this enzyme was performed using automated mode SWISS-MODEL &amp;#x26; GENO 3D and models were analyzed on QMEAN.  This was an attempt to find the possible model of BADH, because no physical model of BADH is yet available on...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6360/version/1

A Meta-analysis of Studies on Plant Growth Rate and Allocation to Roots and Shoots
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel R. Taub.
I performed a meta-analysis of studies examining the relationships among nutrient availability, plant growth rate and allocation to roots vs. shoots. Species characteristic of high fertility habits grew faster than species characteristic of less fertile habitats. While species were highly plastic in root/shoot ratio, there was a strong correlation in root/shoot across fertility levels when plants were grown across fertility gradients. This suggests that the proportional mass allocation to roots is a consistent characteristic of individual species relative to other species. There was no consistent relationship between allocation to roots and either growth rate or the fertility of habitats that species typically are found in.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/185/version/1

Biological Activities of Extracts from Sumac (Rhus spp.): A Review
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Giuseppe Mazza.
Sumac is the common name for a genus (Rhus) that contains over 250 individual species of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae. These plants are found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide, often grow in areas of marginal agricultural capacity, and have a long history of use by indigenous peoples for medicinal and other uses. The research efforts on sumac extracts to date indicate a promising potential for this plant family to provide renewable bioproducts with the following reported desirable bioactivities: antifibrogenic, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antithrombin, antitumorigenic, antiviral, cytotoxic, hypoglycaemic, and leukopenic. As well, the bioactive components can be extracted...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/631/version/1

Mitochondrial Molecular Adaptations and Life History Strategies Coevolve in Plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Neeraja M. Krishnan; Basuthkar J. Rao.
Messenger RNA secondary structure prevents mutations at functionally important sites. Mutations at exposed sites would cause micro-adaptations, niche-specialization, and therefore, can be thought to promote K-strategists. Exposing, rather than protecting, conserved sites, is also potentially adaptive because they probably promote macro-adaptive changes. This presumably fits r-strategists: their population dynamics tolerate decreased survival. We found that helix-forming tendencies are greater at evolutionary conserved sites of plant mitochondrial mRNAs than at evolutionary variable sites in a majority (73%) of species&amp;#x2013;gene combinations. K-strategists preferentially protect conserved sites in short genes, r-strategists protect them most in larger...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1922/version/1

Heterogeneity in Ty1-copia group of retroelements in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genome
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Manoj K. Rajput; Kailash C. Upadhyaya.
Retrotransposons constitute a major fraction of plant genomes and these elements may have played a significant role in evolution and sequence organization of genomes. In order to access the diversity of Ty1-copia group of retroelements, reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences were amplified from chickpea genome, using the primers derived from two conserved domains of RT region. Thirty-six RT regions from independent amplicons were cloned and sequenced. On the basis of homology of deduced amino acids, the RT sequences could be grouped into three major families. The intra-family divergence at amino acid level ranges from 2 to 19%. Though intra-family RT sequences were conserved but no two sequences were identical. The results indicate a high degree of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/697/version/1

On Asymmetry in Biology and Nature
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Symmetry has attracted a substantial amount of effort because considerable simplifications are possible in the mathematical and physical treatment of phenomena and natural systems that possess a certain degree of symmetry. Among physical and chemical systems the most widely known are those related to crystals and fluids. Whereas crystals have a lattice structure and a symmetry caused by &amp;#x2018;perfect&amp;#x2019; order which can be classified by mathematical symmetry groups, most fluids have an average isotropic, highly-disordered &amp;#x2018;structure&amp;#x2019; that is often considered to be random.Asymmetry is widely encountered in Biology and ecological systems- from amino acids to trees forests, and tribes, from physiological processes to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7134/version/1

Factors influencing impala distribution patterns in Nairobi National Park, Kenya
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vincent Obade; Eva Clercq.
Monitoring the distribution of wild animals using appropriate methods and survey techniques is essential not only for sustainable management but also to avoid wastage of resources. This study applied remote sensing to investigate the factors influencing the distribution of herbivores in Nairobi National Park, Kenya. Impala was selected as indicator specie for the herbivores within the park, because the population of impala had drastically reduced over time. The influence of food availability, water and disturbance on herbivore presence was investigated. A positive significant statistical relationship between impala population density and feed availability was observed. However, the correlation between impala population density and water distance was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3799/version/1

Age and origin of enigmatic megaherbs from the subantarctic islands
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Steven J. Wagstaff; Ilse Breitwieser; Christopher Quinn; Motomi Ito.
Biogeographic relationships in the southern hemisphere have puzzled biologists for the last two centuries. Once joined to form the supercontinent Gondwana, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, New Zealand and South America are widely separated by the Pacific and Indian oceans. Sir Joseph Hooker was the first to suggest that Antarctica served as a corridor for plant migration not unlike the land-bridges in the northern hemisphere. While the Antarctic flora was largely erased by glaciation during the Pleistocene, at least some of these Antarctic plant communities found refuge on the subantarctic islands. Here we provide support for the hypothesis that giant herbs persisted in the subantactic islands prior to the onset of Pleistocene glaciation, then dispersed...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1272/version/1

Ligand induced cleavage and nuclear localization of the rice XA21 immune receptor
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chang-Jin Park; Pamela C. Ronald.
The rice XA21 receptor confers immunity to the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen, _Xanthomonas oryzae_ pv. _oryzae_ (_Xoo_) upon recognition of the conserved microbial signature AxY^S^22. Here, we demonstrate that the intracellular kinase domain of XA21 translocates to the nucleus upon AxY^S^22-mediated perception and that this translocation event is required for XA21-mediated immunity.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6776/version/1

Transpiration in plants: A thermodynamic imperative
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Carmen Noemi Hernandez Candia; Karo Michaelian.
In this article we determine the importance of transpiration in plants at three different levels of organization: the plant itself, the ecosystem, and the biosphere, all in terms of entropy production due to transpiration. We propose that transpiration is a thermodynamic imperative rather than a physiological burden for the plant. Plants have not replaced their prevalent metabolism C3 with those of less loss of water, C4 or CAM. We argue that the fact that plants retain higher rates of transpiration along evolution could be explained using thermodynamic criteria.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5463/version/1

Molecular Bio-imprinting of Biocatalysts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr  Khan; Muhammad Waheed Akhtar.
Energy conservation is the cry of the day. Attempts are made all over the world to occupy and use energy reserves. Increased industrialization and mechanization has led to the  depletion of natural energy reserves. Its unavoidable to search for renewable sources of energy, which may be not used now but can be used by future generations. We are using the expertise of our ancestors. Thus exploiting the nature and newer techniques in this area would yield the best results. Bio-imprinting is one of those techniques whereby chemical modification is done in order to achieve highly expressed protein which can be stored in its highly active form in the specific solvent.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5665/version/1

Bird pollination of Canary Island endemic plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jeff  Ollerton; Louise  Cranmer; Ralph Stelzer; Steve Sullivan; Lars Chittka.
The Canary Islands are home to a guild of endemic, threatened bird pollinated plants.  Previous work has suggested that these plants evolved floral traits as adaptations to pollination by flower specialist sunbirds, but subsequently they appear to be have co-opted passerine birds as sub-optimal pollinators. To test this idea we carried out a quantitative study of the pollination biology of three of the bird pollinated plants, Canarina canariensis (Campanulaceae), Isoplexis canariensis (Veronicaceae) and Lotus berthelotii (Fabaceae), on the island of Tenerife.  Using colour vision models, we predicted the detectability of flowers to bird and bee pollinators. We measured pollinator visitation rates, nectar standing crops, as well as seed set and pollen...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1977/version/1

Modelling predicts that heat stress and not drought will limit wheat yield in Europe
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mikhail A. Semenov; Peter R. Shewry.
Global warming is characterised by shifts in weather patterns and increases in extreme weather events. New crop cultivars with specific physiological traits will therefore be required if climate change is not to result in losses of yield and food shortages. However, the intrinsic uncertainty of climate change predictions poses a challenge to plant breeders and crop scientists who have limited time and resources and must select the most appropriate traits for improvement. Modelling is, therefore, a powerful tool to identify future threats to crop production and hence targets for improvement. Wheat is the most important crop in temperate zones, including Europe, and is the staple food crop for many millions of humans and their livestock. However, its...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4335/version/1

NMR and Electron Microscopy Studies of Soybean Seeds, Soybean Proteins, and Oil for Improved Utilization in Foods and Feeds
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Doina M. Costescu; I. C. Baianu.
NMR, NIR and EM techniques are suitable methods of measuring protein and oil content in soybeans. After completion of a measurement with NMR or NIR, a soybean sample could be either replanted or consummated. NMR techniques involved in the present work are based on the response of nuclei, as nuclear spin flips, when set in a 7.05T magnetic field and excited with rf pulses of 300 MHz. NIR spectroscopy is based on outer electron molecular vibrations, when excited with radiation of frequency 1012 -4&amp;#xd7;1014Hz, and &amp;#xf06c;=2.5Om-750 nm. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;TEM and ESEM techniques are bulk and surface analysis techniques, respectively, working with electron beams of 15KV, and image resolution in the range of nm&amp;#x2019;s. ESEM is based on the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6192/version/1

Time Trends for Agricultural Crop Production in Saskatchewan, Canada: 1905-2011
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Kaya Forest.
Saskatchewan, Canada, with a total land area of 651,900 km^2^, is one of the world&amp;#x2019;s most productive agricultural cropping regions. Approximately 44% of Canada&amp;#x27;s total cultivated farmland is in the province. In 2008, the total export value of crops was CAD$8.34 billion. Over the past century, changing industry economics and advances in scientific, technical, and engineering knowledge and practices have affected the amount and type of crops produced. The current work examines time trends for agricultural crop production since Saskatchewan was created in 1905. While yields of all crops have generally increased over time, total production trends vary widely by crop, warranting more detailed investigations into the socio-economical and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6712/version/1

Cationic State Distributions over Chlorophyll Pairs in Photosystem I and II
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Keisuke Saito; Hiroshi Ishikita.
Photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII) possess chlorophyll pairs P~A~/P~B~ and P~D1~/P~D2~, respectively. These chlorophylls are the primary electron donors in the light-induced electron transfer. After the electron transfer, the radical cation remains on these chlorophyll pairs, forming [P~A~/P~B~]^&amp;#xb7;+^ and [P~D1~/P~D2~]^&amp;#xb7;+^. The positive charge distributions over the two chlorophylls were reported to be 10/90-50/50 for P~A~^&amp;#xb7;+^/P~B~^&amp;#xb7;+^ [1,2] and 70/30-80/20 for P~D1~^&amp;#xb7;+^/P~D2~^&amp;#xb7;+^ [3,4]. To clarify the origin of the distributions, we calculated ratios of P~A~^&amp;#xb7;+^/P~B~^&amp;#xb7;+^ and P~D1~^&amp;#xb7;+^/P~D2~^&amp;#xb7;+^ with a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) approach and the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6486/version/1

Genome Structural-Functional Peculiarities Affecting Plant Epigenetic Variability and Evolution
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Evgenii  Levites.
There is an attempt to explain some evolutionary processes in plants such as saltatory changes on the base of multidimensionality of plant inherited information coding. According to the suggested hypothesis, inherited information is coded by not only a nucleotide sequence but also by chromosome differential endoreduplication. It is supposed that chromosomes compete among each other for the contact with the nuclear membrane, but a change in the endoreduplication degree of various chromosome sites can result in a change of  a competition ability for the contact with a nuclear membrane. A simultaneous increase of chromosome endoreduplication degree of many sites can lead to an increase of nuclear membrane surface and to a change in chromosome competitive...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4405/version/1

Crinumin, a novel substitute of chymotrypsin, may control pancreatic insufficiency and inflammation: Purification and characterization
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kunwar Awaneesh Singh; Chandan  Singh; G.R.K. Rao; M.V. Jagannatham.
Crinumin, a glycosylated serine protease with chymotrypsin like catalytic specificity was purified from a medicinally important plant _Crinum asiaticum_ of family _Amaryllidaceae_. Ethno-botanical information and Pharmacological studies confirming about the presence of active bio- molecules in the _Crinum_ played crucial role in injury, inflamed joint, local pain and arthritis. Biomedical research suggests chymotrypsin was not only used as digestive aid but also helpful in the above disease. These findings support towards the crinumin may be the active bio-molecule. Crinumin shows activity over a wide range of pH (4.5-11.5 and optimum at 8.5), temperature (75 &amp;#xb0;C and optimum at 70 &amp;#xb0;C) and is also functional against chaotrophs, organic...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4339/version/1

PECAn: workflow management for data assimilation and forecasting
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David LeBauer; Dan Wang; Xiaohui Feng; Michael Dietze.
*Background/Question/Methods*  Ecosystem models use physiological traits and environmental data to model land-air carbon exchange. Such models can integrate heterogeneous ecological and environmental data, but rarely account for the contribution of each input to the overall uncertainty in model output. Quantifying uncertainty in each model input and propagating uncertainty through model ensembles directly estimates overall uncertainty in model output. Identification of data that would most effectively constrain uncertainty can also be directly inferred by processing output. Real-time data assimilation and forecasting benefits from a method that is transparent, scalable, and adaptable. A tool that manages these steps while tracking the provenance of data...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5533/version/1

Reversal of an immunity associated plant cell death program by the growth regulator auxin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suresh Gopalan.
One form of plant immunity against pathogens involves a rapid host programmed cell death at the site of infection accompanied by resistance, termed the hypersensitive response (HR). Here it is shown that the HR programmed cell death program initiated by the bacterial type III secretion system dependent proteinaceous elicitor harpin from Erwinia amylovora can be reversed till very late in the process by the plant growth regulator auxin. Early inhibition or late reversal of this cell death program does not affect marker genes tightly correlated with local and systemic resistance. Cross-regulation between cell death programs and growth regulators is prevalent in different kingdoms. Thus, the concept that cell death program can be reversed till late provides a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1347/version/1

Near Infrared Microspectroscopy, Fluorescence Microspectroscopy, Infrared Chemical Imaging and  High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Soybean Seeds, Embryos and Single Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Schyler S.  Korban; Tiefeng You.
Chemical analysis of soybean seeds, somatic embryos and single cells were carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) Microspectroscopy, Fluorescence and High-Resolution NMR (HR-NMR). The first FT-NIR chemical images of biological systems approaching 1 micron (1&amp;#x3bc;) resolution are presented here. Chemical images obtained by FT-NIR and FT-IR Microspectroscopy are presented for oil in soybean seeds and somatic embryos under physiological conditions. FT-NIR spectra of oil and proteins were obtained for volumes as small as 2&amp;#x3bc;3. Related, HR-NMR analyses of oil contents in somatic embryos are also presented here with nanoliter precision. Such 400 MHz 1H NMR analyses allowed the selection of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6200/version/1

Strong and weak competitors can coexist in the same niche
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
The competitive exclusion principle postulates that two trophically identical but fitness different species can not stably coexist in the same niche. However, this principle contradicts the observed nature&amp;#x27;s species richness. This fact is known as the biodiversity paradox. Here, using a simple cellular automaton model, we mechanistically show how two trophically identical, but fitness different species may stably coexist in the same niche. As environment is stable and any trade-offs are absent in this model, it strongly violates the competitive exclusion principle.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7107/version/2

Development of a sampling regime for research with environmental relevance based on variability of transgene expression in plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Carla  Struzyna-Schulze; Heike  Mikschofsky; Wenke  M&amp;#xf6;nkemeyer; J&amp;#xf6;rg  Schmidtke; Kerstin  Schmidt; Inge  Broer.
Transgenic plants often produce proteins that are unknown in conventional crops. Therefore, it requires a fundamental analysis before approval of a new genetically modified plant is given. Since the EFSA-guidelines for risk assessment on transgenic plants provide only recommendations but no detailed instructions, we wanted to develop a valid test scheme that defines sample size and sampling organ to enable a statically valid and efficient analysis of transgene expression and its variability. The scheme will be based on data obtained for the variability in expression i. of different recombinant proteins in one variety; ii. of different integration sites of one transgene in one variety; iii. of the same recombinant protein between different varieties and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4443/version/1

Inter-Tunneling Mechanism of Colliding Population Waves
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
Here we show a new interaction mechanism of colliding population waves. It provides a stable coexistence of two similar but different species competing for the same limiting resource during their asexual propagation in a limited homogeneous environment under constant conditions. The revealed mechanism opens new opportunities in conservation biology.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6990/version/1

Transgene effects on rhizodeposition: Evidence from molecular-chemical screening by Pyrolysis-Field Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (Py-FIMS)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andre  Schlichting; Christel  Baum; Dana  Zimmer; Peter  Leinweber.
Rhizodeposition plays an important role in the C and N cycle of ecosystems, since it essentially reflects the interaction between plant, soil and soil microorganisms. The molecular-chemical characterisation of rhizodeposition is often limited to selected compound classes (e.g., carbohydrates and amino acids). A more comprehensive analytical approach is based on the molecular-chemical &amp;#x201c;fingerprint&amp;#x201d; revealed by Pyrolysis-Field Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (Py-FIMS).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The presented results give evidence of specific effects in conjunction with soil type, crop, variety, transgenes and mycorrhizal colonisation on the molecular-chemical composition of rhizodeposition. The experiments included various crops...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4440/version/1

The Multigeneic _Rhg1_ Locus: A Model For The Effects on Root Development, Nematode Resistance and Recombination Suppression.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David A. Lightfoot; Ali Srour; Jawad Afzal; Navinder Saini.
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) resistance to populations (HgType) of _Heterodera glycines I._, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), requires a functional allele at rhg1. An apoptosis-like response in the giant cells formed around the nematode results 24-48 h after feeding commences. This study aimed to identify the role of the three genes within the rhg1 locus, a receptor like kinase (RLK), a laccase and an ion anti-porter. Used were near isogeneic lines (NILs) that contrasted at their rhg1 alleles. Features of the rhg1 locus, the candidate genes and their nascent transcripts and proteins in roots were elucidated. First, evidence for a syntenic gene cluster was found and the effectiveness of SNP probes for distinguishing the homeolog sequence variant on...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2726/version/1

Phenotypic Plasticity and the Invasiveness of Three _Taraxacum_ Species
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jing Luo; John Cardina.
*Background/Question/Methods* &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Many factors have been found to be associated with the success of invasive species. Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a plant genotype to respond to different environmental conditions by producing different phenotypes, is thought to play an important role plant invasions. In three major experiments, I tested the hypothesis that the invasive _Taraxacum officinale_ (common dandelion) and its non-invasive congener _T. laevigatum_ will exhibit different phenotypic plasticity in germination, growth, and reproduction. I also proposed that their responses to various environments could be used to assess the invasive behavior of a potential crop species: _T....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3767/version/1

A novel superior factor widely controlling the rice grain quality
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kao-Chih She; Hiroaki Kusano; Kazuyoshi Koizumi; Hiromoto Yamakawa; Makoto Hakata; Tomohiro Imamura; Masato Fukuda; Natsuka Naito; Yumi Tsurumaki; Ken&amp;#x27;ichiro Matsumoto; Mari Kudoh; Eiko Itoh; Shoshi Kikuchi; Naoki Kishimoto; Junshi Yazaki; Tsuyu Ando; Masahiro Yano; Takashi Aoyama; Tadamasa Sasaki; Hikaru Satoh; Hiroaki Shimada.
Synthesis of storage starch and protein accumulation is the main action of endosperm organogenesis in term of the economic importance of rice. This event is strongly disturbed by abiotic stresses such as high temperature; thus, the upcoming global warming will cause a crisis with a great impact on food production^1,2^. The enzymes for the protein storage and starch synthesis pathway should work in concert to carry out the organogenesis of rice endosperm^3-5^, but the regulatory mechanism is largely unknown. Here we show that a novel regulatory factor, named OsCEO1, acts as the conductor of endosperm organogenesis during the rice grain filling stage. The physiological properties of _floury-endosperm-2_ (_flo2_) mutants showed many similarities to symptoms...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3283/version/1

Rapid Dissolution of Lignocellulosic Plant Materials in an Ionic Liquid
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Giuseppe Mazza.
Concerns regarding the non-renewable nature of, and pollution from, petroleum derived energy and commercial products has led to the concept of a biomass economy. As part of this vision for a society based on sustainable biomaterials, proposed biorefineries need to tackle the challenges of taking a wide diversity of raw biomass and rapidly and effectively transforming it into functionalizable platform molecules that can be derivatized into industrial and consumer products, or converted into biofuels. A substantial research effort is underway focussed on degrading biomass into smaller constituents using a variety of physical, chemical, and biological processes. One promising technology for the solubilization of biomass is ionic liquids (ILs), which has...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/637/version/1

A similarity criterion for forest growth curves
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Georgii A. Alexandrov; Georgy S. Golitsyn.
Comparison of forest growth curves has led many to the conclusion that there is a similarity between forest stands growing in different conditions. Here we treat the same subject from the viewpoint of similarity theory. Our goal is to form a dimensionless ratio of biophysical entities that could parameterize the diversity of forest growth curves. (Such ratios are called similarity criteria.)  Pursuing this goal, we focus on the analogy between tree crown growth and atomic explosion. A blast wave is formed when the rate of energy release is much higher than the rate of energy dissipation. The difference between the rates of energy release and dissipation is the essence of this phenomenon. The essential feature of crown growth is the difference between the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6561/version/1

The power of &amp;#x201c;Green&amp;#x201d; Energy: plant trait influences on microbial competition and greenhouse gas production
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ariana Sutton-Grier; J. Patrick Megonigal.
Background/Questions/Methods&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Species vary in the eco-physiological traits they possess which means species may differentially influence ecosystem functions such as microbial activity.  In wetland ecosystems it is important to understand how different plant species influence microbial competition for resources because competition affects microbial respiration and one of the products of anaerobic microbial respiration is methane, a potent greenhouse gas.  Plants influence the availability of substrates for microbial respiration, both available carbon and terminal electron acceptors (such as Fe(III)).  Because methanogenic microbes must compete with other microbes for respiration substrates and can be out-competed if conditions are more...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5492/version/1

Narrow genetic and apparent phenetic diversity in Jatropha curcas: initial success with generating low phorbol ester interspecific hybrids
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Siam  Popluechai; Diego Breviario; Sujatha Mulpuri; Harinder P. S. Makkar; Manish Raorane; Attipalli R. Reddy; Enrico Palchetti; Angharad M. R. Gatehouse; Keith J. Syers; Anthony G. O&amp;#x27;Donnell; Ajay Kohli.
Due to the increasing popularity of Jatropha curcas as a feedstock for biodiesel, generating non-toxic and high yielding varieties of the plant requires genotypic characterization towards identifying breeding lines. There is little information on the phylogenetic relationships between its global accessions and species. Assessing genetic variation by RAPD, AFLP and combinatorial tubulin based polymorphism (cTBP) in 38 J. curcas accessions from 13 countries on 3 continents revealed narrow genetic diversity. However, 6 different species of Jatropha from India exhibited pronounced genetic diversity indicating possibilities of improving J. curcas by interspecific breeding. The relatively unexplored cTBP approach we used was a highly efficient and cost effective...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2782/version/1

Asymmetric development of Cotyledons of Tomato Embryo:  Testing the prediction of Self-Organization
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chalapathy  Reddy.
Developmental biologists have long strived to understand how organisms acquire shape and form. The architecture of the mature plant is established during embryogenesis. They have learned much about how gene expression controls the specification of cell type and about how cells interact with one another to coordinate such specific decisions. Far less is known about autocatalytic feedback flow of resource molecules regulating a plant and its parts, shape and form. Indeed, it has even been proposed that the development of shape is not under genetic control but rather is determined by physical forces. Asymmetric development of sinks that depend on common resource pool has been viewed as a consequence of autocatalytic feedback process of flow of resource units...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2989/version/1

Bio-communication of Plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guenther Witzany.
Plants communicate with a great variety of symbiotic partners, above and below ground. Constant monitoring of signals of biotic origin as well as abiotic environmental influences allows plants to generate appropriate response behavior. These communication processes are primarily sign-mediated interactions and not simply an exchange of information. They involve active coordination and active organization of a great variety of different behavioural patterns &amp;#x2013; mediated by signs.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1429/version/1

Strong and weak competitors can coexist in the same niche
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
The competitive exclusion principle postulates that two trophically identical but fitness different species can not stably coexist in the same niche. However, this principle contradicts the observed nature&amp;#x27;s species richness. This fact is known as the biodiversity paradox. Here, using a simple cellular automaton model, we mechanistically show how two trophically identical, but fitness different species may stably coexist in the same niche. As environment is stable and any trade-offs are absent in this model, it strongly violates the competitive exclusion principle.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7107/version/1

Long-term Benefits of GM crops: Potential for Diabrotica Suppression in Europe using Bt Maize
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nicholas P. Storer; Peter Schlotter; Kevin L. Steffey.
Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from _Bacillus thuringiensis_ (Bt) have been widely adopted since 1996 in the United States of America to combat important pests of maize and cotton. There is growing evidence that several target pest populations have been dramatically reduced in areas where the Bt crops have been most intensively adopted over multiple years. The evidence is most dramatic for nonmigratory monophagous and oligophagous species that show high mortality on Bt crops, such as European corn borer (_Ostrinia nubilalis_), and tobacco budworm (_Heliothis virescens_). Bt cotton is currently being used in the southwestern USA as part of an area-wide eradication program for pink bollworm (_Pectinophora gossypiella_). Single, stacked, and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4447/version/1

A bestiary of non-linear functions for growth analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: C. E. Timothy Paine; Toby Marthews; Deborah Vogt; Drew Purves; Mark Rees; Andy Hector; Lindsay Turnbull.
Plant growth is an essential ecological process, integrating across scales from physiology to community dynamics. Predicting the growth of plants is essential to understand a wide range of ecological issues, including competition, plant-herbivore interactions and ecosystem functioning.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A challenge in modeling plant growth is that growth rates almost universally decrease with increasing size, for a variety of reasons. Traditional analyses of growth are hampered by the need to remain within the structures of linear models, which handle this slowing poorly. We demonstrate the implementation of a variety of non-linear models that are more appropriate for modeling plant growth than are the traditional, linear,...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5257/version/1

Allergological and toxicological risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) plants - Development of a model system
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alain  Steinmann; Kristin  Entzian; Birgit  Gr&amp;#xfc;mmer; Udo  Meyer.
Technical advances in biotechnology lead to a rising number of genetically modified plants and derived food and feed. Therefore, the international interest in adequate and standardized analytical methods increases to assess health risks in a rapid and low cost manner.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;To address this issue a decision support system (DSS), which will be based on baseline data and thresholds of key parameters, is going to be established in the framework of a joint project (BioOK). Determination of the potential allergenicity or toxicity of novel proteins caused by the genetic modification compared to near isogenic variants (NIV) is a key issue in this context. For the development of DSS the model plant &amp;#x201c;potato&amp;#x201d; was used to compare...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4441/version/1

Detection of substrate binding motifs for morphine biosynthetic pathway intermediates in novel wound inducible (R,S)-reticuline 7-O-methyltransferase of Papaver somniferum
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sonal Mishra; Abha Meena; Sema Singh; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav; Feroz  Khan; Rakesh K. Shukla.
The benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIA) comprise a large and diverse group of nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites with about 2500 compounds identified in plants. BIA biosynthesis begins with the condensation of the tyrosine derived precursors dopamine and p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde to (S)-norcoclaurine. Subsequent regiospecific O- and N-methylations and aromatic ring hydroxylation lead to (S)-reticuline, which is the central intermediate for almost all BIAs. For morphinan alkaloid biosynthesis, (S)-reticuline undergoes an inversion of stereochemistry to (R)-reticuline, followed by C-C phenol coupling catalyzed by a unique cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase to yield salutaridine. The cDNA sequence of enzymes leading to (S)-reticuline, as well as...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5790/version/1

Isolation of new racemic sugar (D/L galacturonic acid) from leaves of Paederia foetida Linn.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vikas Kumar; Yadav Pankajkumar S; Udaya Pratap Singh; Hans Raj Bhatt; Kamaruz Zaman; Md. Ali.
New racemic sugars (D/L galacturonic acid) were isolate from the leaves of Paederia foetida Linn by the column chromatography. Identification of these isolated compound achieved by TLC, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FTIR and Mass spectral data.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5752/version/1

Development and validation of a method for the detection of altered resistance in transgenic plants against herbivore-pathogen-complexes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nadine  Drechsler; Antje Habeku&amp;#xdf;; Thomas  Thieme; J&amp;#xf6;rg  Schubert.
Enhanced or reduced uptake of viruses by vectors and changes in resistance level can be sensitive indicators for metabolic changes in transgenic plants caused by the new trait and not observed by conventional methods. In addition, the plant transformation process itself can lead to such changes. To be able to investigate this hypothesis in cereals we decided to use two highly important insect-transmitted viruses infecting them - _Barley yellow dwarf virus_ (BYDV) and _Wheat dwarf virus_ (WDV). Corresponding molecular tools for their quantification in plants as well as virus vectors had to be developed. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Both viruses cause similar symptoms: dwarfing, stunting, leaf discoloration leading to yield losses or death of plant. BYDV...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4493/version/1

Single Cancer Cell Detection by Near Infrared Microspectroscopy, Infrared Chemical Imaging and Fluorescence Microspectroscopy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Schuyler S. Korban; Doina M. Costescu.
Novel techniques are currently being developed and established for the accurate chemical analysis and detection of single cancer cells, single embryos and single seeds by Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) Microspectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Fluorescence and High-Resolution NMR (HR-NMR). The first FT-NIR chemical images of biological systems approaching 1micron resolution are here reported. 400 and 500 MHz, H-1 NMR analyses were carried out that allowed the selection of mutagenized embryos. Detailed chemical analyses are being demonstrated to be also possible by FT-NIR Chemical Imaging/ Microspectroscopy of single cancer cells. FT-NIR Microspectroscopy and Chemical Imaging are also shown to be potentially important in Functional...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6207/version/1

Evaluation of resistance in wheat against Rhopalosiphumpadi (L.) (Homoptera:Aphididae) Under laboratory Conditions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Naheed Akhtar; Noreen Moin; Ghulam Jilani; Ata  U. Mohsin; Shaheena  Yasmin; Afzala Afzala; Munir Goraya; Atif A. Baig.
Aims and introduction&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;All over the world aphids are pests of economic importance, affecting all varieties of plants like cereal crops, vegetables, ornamental plants and fruits. Aphids damage plants either directly or indirectly. Aphids are one of the major agricultural pests. There are only a few plants that are not susceptible to infestation by this destructive pest. They cause direct damage by sucking the sap of leaves, blocking photosynthesis which results in leaf distortion, gall production, discoloration, stunting, leaf curling, wilting, twisting and premature leaf falls. They are directly involved in transmission of plant viruses and indirectly by depositing honey dew that reduces photosynthetic activity and induces sooty mold...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5947/version/1

Nitrogen Fixation and Translocation in Sugarcane
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Takuji Ohyama; Atsushi Momose; Norikuni Ohtake; Kuni Sueyoshi; Takashi Sato; Yasuhiro Nakanishi; Shoichiro Akao.
World sugarcane production is increasing rapidly as a biofuel. In some areas in Brazil, sugarcane has been grown continually over very long periods without N fertiliser inputs. Therefore, the occurrence of N fixation has been suspected. However, quantitative studies seeking to identify the N~2~ fixation sites in the plant and to record the translocation of fixed N around the plant have not yet established. A ^15^N~2~ gas tracer experiment was conducted using young sugarcane plants to investigate the sites of N~2~ fixation and also to explore the possibility of translocation of the fixed N among the plant&amp;#x27;s major organs. Young sugarcane plants (_Saccharum officinarum_ L.) about 40 cm high and some 14 days after sprouting from a stem cutting were...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2360/version/1

Dust in the wind &amp;#x2013; drift of dust containing insecticides &amp;#x2013; a risk for honey bees (_Apis mellifera_ L.)?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pablo T. Georgiadis; Jens Pistorius; Udo Heimbach.
In late April 2008, dust drift containing insecticide resulted in the largest bee poisoning in Germany for 30 years. The reason for these incidents was the contamination of flowering bee forage plants with dust particles abraded from maize seeds treated with Clothianidin recorded in the Upper Rhine Valley, Baden-Wuerttemberg and in parts of Bavaria during sowing of maize.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Clothianidin, an insecticidal active substance from the group of neonicotinoids, works as agonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with broad spectrum of efficacy. Clothianidin is also used as a seed dressing of maize (agent for seed treatment &amp;#x201c;Poncho Pro&amp;#xae;&amp;#x201d;; 1,.25 mg a.i. Clothianidin./kernel) for the control of the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5738/version/1

Nuclear DNA and protein content evaluation in Taxus plant cell cultures using multiparameter flow cytometry
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vishal Gaurav; Amit Shavit; Susan C. Roberts.
Plant cell cultures of Taxus provide the most reliable production methods for the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel. In order to comprehend the inherent culture heterogeneity and production variability in cell cultures, it is essential that the cellular metabolism is studied at the genomic level. Genomic stability in plant cell cultures is crucial as it affects cell growth and division, metabolite accumulation and protein synthesis. A rapid and efficient method to prepare nuclei suspensions from aggregated cell cultures of Taxus was employed. Methods were subsequently developed to simultaneously stain them for DNA and protein content using Propidium Iodide and Fluorescein Isothiocyanate respectively. Flow cytometry was used to analyze and quantify the DNA...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3809/version/1

The Differences Between Products Of Gene Expression In Male, Female And Hermaphrodite Cucumber Floral Buds (Cucumis Sativus L.)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Magdalena Pawelkowicz; Ewa Siedlecka; Zbigniew Przybecki.
Cucumber is a species in which sex expression has been extensively studied. Sexual differentiation is controlled by genotypic and environmental factors. The main genes responsible for sex determination have been described but the mechanism of their action remains unexplained. In this study we attempted to find cDNA clones which can be connected with sex differentiation and flower development  in cucumber. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Two pairs of nearly isogenic lines: GY-3 (gynoecious &amp;#x2013; FFMMGG) and HGY-3 (hermaphrodite - FFmmGG), B10 (monoecious - ffMMGG) and 2gg (gynoecious - FFMMgg) were used to search for differences in gene expression in young (1 &amp;#x2013; 2mm) cucumber floral buds.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In order to obtain differentially expressed cDNA...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5605/version/1

Future Predictions of _Cyclamen_ Distribution in the Mediterranean Region
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudia Ciotir; Chris Yesson; Alastair Culham.
_Cyclamen_ (Myrsinaceae) occupy the Mediterranean region, with highest diversity in Greece and Turkey, with a few species endemic to islands. _Cyclamen_ species have a phenological preference for dry summers and wet winters. A recent study developed models of the climatic niches of _Cyclamen_. These models were projected into future climate scenarios for 2050. The area of climatic suitability for every _Cyclamen_ species is predicted to decrease. A limited dispersal capacity places them at high risk of extinction. Half of the species are threat ened with extinction due to their potential area loss, indicating that conservation and protection for these species has to be implemented by adding them to the red list.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3066/version/1

NIR Calibrations for Soybean Seeds and Soy Food Composition Analysis: Total Carbohydrates, Oil, Proteins and Water Contents [v.2]
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo; Randall L. Nelson; Tiefeng You; Doina M. Costescu.
Conventional chemical analysis techniques are expensive, time consuming, and often destructive. The non-invasive Near Infrared (NIR) technology was introduced over the last decades for wide-scale, inexpensive chemical analysis of food and crop seed composition (see Williams and Norris, 1987; Wilcox and Cavins, 1995; Buning and Diller, 2000 for reviews of the NIR technique development stage prior to 1998, when Diode Arrays were introduced to NIR). NIR spectroscopic measurements obey Lambert and Beer&amp;#x2019;s law, and quantitative measurements can be successfully made with high speed and ease of operation. NIR has been used in a great variety of food applications. General applications of products analyzed come from all sectors of the food industry...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6611/version/2

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Studies of Traditional Medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal Samy; S. Ignacimuthu; Vincent  TK Chow.
Synthetic drugs, which are having serious side effects, are cytotoxic to human beings. Moreover, bacteria slowly become resistant against antibiotics. In order to overcome these problems, scientists are continuing to search for antibacterial and novel principles from plants. Zanthoxylum limonella has been popularly used in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of dental caries, cardiac, respiratory diseases and stomach problems. The present study was therefore focused on finding out the medicinal properties of the bark of Z. limonella tested against some selected bacteria using disc-diffusion method at the concentration of 100, 200 and 300 mg/ml. The methanol and water extracts of the bark exhibited effective antibacterial activity against S....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6027/version/1

Strong violation of the competitive exclusion principle
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lev V. Kalmykov; Vyacheslav L. Kalmykov.
Bacteria and plants are able to form population waves as a result of their consumer behaviour and propagation. A soliton-like interpenetration of colliding population waves was assumed but not proved earlier. Here we show how and why colliding population waves of trophically identical but fitness different species can interpenetrate through each other without delay. We have hypothesized and revealed here that the last mechanism provides a stable coexistence of two, three and four species, competing for the same limiting resource in the small homogeneous habitat under constant conditions and without any fitness trade-offs. We have explained the mystery of biodiversity mechanistically because (i) our models are bottom-up mechanistic, (ii) the revealed...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6667/version/1

Vermiculiphily: Larvae Pollinating Orchids!
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pankaj Kumar; Gopal S. Rawat.
Orchids are truly extraordinary organisms exhibiting a wide range of pollination mechanism, many of which awaits discovery. Epipactis veratrifolia is a terrestrial orchid that has been reported to be pollinated by various species of hoverflies in Israel1,2. This orchid is known to emit the smell of aphid pheromone that attracts hoverflies, which lay eggs inside the flower and in the process pollinate them. Recently, we observed a species of hoverfly (Ischiodon scutellaris) pollinate the same orchid species in the Western Himalaya while laying eggs inside the flowers. Ischiodon scutellaris is being reported for the first time as pollinator of this orchid. However, all flowers don&amp;#x2019;t get pollinated, even though insects visit them and lay eggs...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6295/version/1

Decadal-scale changes in seagrass coverage on the Mississippi barrier islands, northern Gulf of Mexico
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gregory A. Carter; G. Alan Criss; Gabriel A. Blossom; Patrick D. Biber.
Seagrasses provide habitat for a wide variety of aquatic species, and reduce coastal erosion via sediment stabilization. The areal coverage of seagrass beds on the Mississippi barrier islands appears to have declined substantially since the 1960s. However, difficulties in sampling benthic vegetation, differences among previous studies in survey methods, and a lack of data on year-to-year variation in coverage have impeded quantitative study of this decline. Thus, the goal of the present study was to utilize historical remote sensing data to quantitatively determine changes in seagrass (predominantly Halodule wrightii Ascherson) coverage on the Mississippi barrier islands. Analyses were limited to imagery acquired during late summer through autumn, when...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3669/version/1

Antioxidant response of overwintering conifers suggest species specific strategies for coping with excess excitation energy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kim Hughes; Amy Verhoeven; Alex Kokula.
Background/Question/Methods:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Evergreen plants, growing in seasonally cold environments, must cope with a severe imbalance between light absorption and its utilization, as low temperatures during winter inhibit photosynthetic carbon reduction. In such conditions photoprotective mechanisms are critical, including the leaf antioxidant systems of plants. In a previous study examining _Taxus cuspidata_, we found significant increases in the enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) and the metabolite glutathione (GSH) during winter, but no increases in the enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) or the metabolite ascorbate (ASC). These results led to the hypothesis that GR and GSH serve an important role during winter stress that was...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5324/version/1

The Effects of Climate Change on the Phenological Interactions of Plants and Pollinators
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David W. Inouye.
Symposium title: Interdisciplinary Canary: Linkages between Ecology and Sustainable Decision Making in a Dynamic Environment&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*1) Background/Question/Methods*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The responses of pollinators to climate change could include changes in phenology of migratory pollinators and in the routes or destinations for their migration, changes in the phenology and distribution of non-migratory species, and changes in the host plants they visit for nectar and pollen.  Plants face similar challenges with regard to changes in their distributions, their reproductive phenology, and interactions with both co-flowering species and pollinators (competition, facilitation, etc.).  Unless pollinators and their host plants are...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3583/version/1

Ecological, phenological and biochemical significance of bimodal fruiting of Boletus alutaceus morgan
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat.
Boletus alutaceus Morgan an ectomycorrhizal species was extensively studied from an ecologically fragmented microhabitt colonized by its&amp;#x27; host plant Ficus benghalensis L. in the Goa University campus, Taleigao, Goa, India. Qualitatively the fruiting cycles were monitored for three years and thereafter detail ecological and morphological investigations were carried out in May and November 2004. A bimodal temporal fruting pattern emerged which may have significant ecological, phenological and biochemical role in EM dynamics.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2835/version/1

Some statistical aspects of the monitoring of GM plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Joe N. Perry.
There are several challenges in the monitoring of: (1) long-term effects of GM plants on the environment, and (2) effects that may be small in terms population change but significant in terms of the conservation of biodiversity. The difficulties are compounded by variability in environmental conditions between sites and years. Some examples will be given from the Farm Scale Evaluations of GMHT crops in the UK. However, the talk will focus on more recent developments, including:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;(1)&amp;#x9;LandsFACTS software developed during the SIGMEA project for modeling rotations that might be used in risk management &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;(see...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4463/version/1

In silico comparative analysis of conserved genes expressed in solanaceous plants under abiotic stresses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: sanchita gupta; sunita singh dhawan; ashok  sharma.
The gene expression data was studied in order to analyze genes involved in different abiotic stresses in solanaceous plants.  Salt, temperature (heat &amp;#x26; cold) and drought are the main abiotic stresses to the plants. Abiotic stress responses are important for sessile organisms like plants because they have to cope with environmental changes to survive. The idea was to analyze those differentially expressed genes, which show common expression in response to different abiotic stress conditions in each plant.  Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) are important mediators in signal transmission, connecting the perception of external stimuli to cellular responses. In plants, MAPKs plays a major role in the signaling of abiotic stresses. The expression...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6717/version/1

Detection of Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Luteovirus of India
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rajarshi K. Gaur; G.P Rao; Axel  Lehrer.
A luteovirus was found associated with midrib yellowing symptoms of sugarcane in India. The virus was earlier identified as sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) on the basis of particle morphology and serological relationships. In this study, we attempted molecular characterization of an Indian isolate of SCYLV through reverse trascriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Comparison showed that the deduced amino acid sequence share 98% homology with an isolate from Texas (cultivar CC85-964) and 100% homology with corresponding sequences of an Australian isolate of SCYLV (found in cultivar CP 65-357). Phylogenetic analysis also suggests that the coat protein of the SCYLV genome possesses different taxonomic affinities with other members of the family...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3388/version/1

Data Mining of the Coffee Rust Genome
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David Octavio  Botero-Rozo; William Giraldo; Alvaro Gaitan; Marco Cristancho; Diego M. Ria&amp;#xf1;o-Pachon; Silvia Restrepo.
The genomes of nine isolates of _Hemileia vastatrix_, the causal agent of coffee leaf rust were sequenced by Illumina and 454. Quality control, cleaning and _de novo_ assemblies of data were performed. Since isolates were obtained from the field and it is not possible to produce axenic cultures of _H. vastatrix_, MEGAN software was used to evaluate contamination levels and to select contigs with fungal similarities. Mitochondrial contigs were identified and annotated by comparing this assembly against the _Puccinia_ genome. Furthermore, two transcriptomes from isolates of _H. vastatrix_ were assembled to complement the genomic data.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7034/version/1

Isolation of Acidic, Basic and Neutral Metalloproteins by QPNC-PAGE
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; David E. Garfin.
A standard protocol for isolating metalloproteins in complex biological samples is presented using quantitative preparative native continuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (QPNC-PAGE)
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4617/version/1

Studies on Endogenous Hormonal Changes during Grain Development in Wheat Genotypes (PhD Thesis)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sridhar Gutam.
Pot culture experiment was conducted in the Rabi seasons of 2001 and 2002 in order to study the genotypic differences in grain growth rates and endogenous hormonal contents in the developing grains. The hexaploid new plant types and extant variety and other tetraploids are taken up for the study. The data on yield and yield components show that the tetraploids had higher ear number per plant but lesser number of seeds per ear and lower seed weight per ear. The most important yield component 1000-grain yield was also possessed by hexaploids. The mean plant height was found to be higher in hexaploids over tetraploids in general, and among them DL- 1266-1 and DL-1266-2 (new plant types) recorded higher plant height. Similarly, the ear length was also higher...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4821/version/1

CO2 Enhancement of Forest Productivity Constrained by Limited Nitrogen Availability
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Richard J. Norby; Jeffrey M. Warren; Colleen M. Iversen; Charles T. Garten; Belinda E. Medlyn; Ross E. McMurtrie.
Stimulation of terrestrial productivity by rising CO~2~ concentration is projected to reduce the airborne fraction of anthropogenic CO~2~ emissions; coupled climate-carbon (C) cycle models, including those used in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), are sensitive to this negative feedback on atmospheric CO~2~^1^. The representation of the so-called CO~2~ fertilization effect in the 11 models used in AR4 and subsequent models^2,3^ was broadly consistent with experimental evidence from four free-air CO~2~ enrichment (FACE) experiments, which indicated that net primary productivity (NPP) of forests was increased by 23 +/- 2% in response to atmospheric CO~2~ enrichment to 550 ppm^4^. Substantial uncertainty remains, however, because of the expectation...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3747/version/1

Frost and flowers: Predicting the effects of climate change on spring frost damage using a large pollen count dataset
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel Katz.
Background/Question/Methods &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Climate change is resulting in warmer average temperatures in much of North America, leading to earlier flowering dates for most tree genera.  However, earlier flowering dates can increase the chance of frost damage which may in turn reduce or eliminate seed and fruit production.  This has important implications for both forest regeneration and the organisms which depend on these resources.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Although specific examples, such as the &amp;#x201c;Easter frost&amp;#x201d; of 2007, show that frost damage can have extreme short term impacts on tree reproduction, we lack a general understanding of the frequency and importance of these events in non-agricultural contexts.  Moreover, the magnitude by...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5365/version/1

Codonopsis pilosula twines either to the left or to the right
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gonghua Lin; Fang Zhao; Eviatar Nevo; Tongzuo Zhang; Jianping Su.
We report the twining handedness of Codonopsis pilosula, which has either a left- or right-handed helix among different plants, among different tillers within a single plant, and among different branches within a single tiller. The handedness was randomly distributed among different plants, among the tillers within the same plants, but not among the branches within the same tillers. Moreover, the handedness of the stems can be strongly influenced by external forces, i.e. the compulsory left and right forming inclined to produce more left- and right-handed twining stems, respectively, and the reversing could make a left-handed stem to be right-handed and vice versa. We also discuss the probable mechanisms these curious cases happen.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7026/version/1

Functional analysis of &amp;#x3b2;C1 protein encoded by Tomato leaf curl Java virus, a monopartite begomovirus
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pradeep Sharma; Tatsuya Kon; Masato Ikegami.
Tomato leaf curl disease is among the most important limiting factors that affect tomato production in world wide including south East Asia. Recently, we have isolated tomato leaf curl Java virus, a whitefly-transmitted monopartite begomovirus, which belongs to the family Geminiviridae. ToLCJAV have been shown to be associated with a novel signal stranded DNA satellite, known as [beta]DNA. Post transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants is a natural defense response against virus infections, and as a counter defense strategy, viruses have evolved to encode silencing suppressor proteins. The present work we have identified the suppressor activities encoded by [beta]C1 protein encoded by ToLCJAV DNA[beta] satellite, which poses a serious threat to...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3317/version/1

Recovery kinetics of winter stressed conifers:  The effects of growth light environment, extent of the season, and species.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amy Verhoeven.
Evergreens undergo a dramatic reduction in their maximal photochemical efficiency (measured as Fv/Fm) during winter, which is largely due to increases in a sustained form of thermal energy dissipation. Upon removing winter-stressed leaves to room temperature and low light, Fv/Fm recovers over several days and can include both a rapid phase (reversing in minutes) and a slow phase (reversing over days).  Both phases are associated with reversal of sustained energy dissipation.  Preliminary examination of recovery of evergreens monitored in January in Minnesota showed an absence of the rapid component to recovery.  Our goal was to monitor recovery kinetics of sun and shade evergreens in Minnesota throughout winter in order to assess whether the rapid phase of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5323/version/1

Copper induced peroxidase, CCPP form Caribbean copper plant
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Reetesh Kumar.
Plant peroxidase exhibit broad substrate specificity and is active in a wide range of pH and temperature, and in the presence of organic compounds as well as other additives. The peroxidase is known to be involved in many physiological and regulatory processes in plants. This ppt presents an introduction on plant peroxidase and their applications. A purification protocol has been developed and the purified protein, named as CCPP is biochemically and physiologically characterized. The physiochemical properties such as molecular weight, isoelectric point have been experimentally determined. The enzymatic efficiency has been evaluated through temperature optimum, pH optimum, Km and other enzymatic properties along with spectroscopic parameters like circular...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6410/version/1

Herbal Drugs in Mirror of Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Kerstin Nagel; David E. Garfin; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts may lack specificity as to the binding of copper and zinc ions in human cells. This might be the reason why Ginkgo extracts have no predictable and clinically significant benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment. A novel generation of herbal drugs is proposed as antioxidant and metal chelator in the treatment of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3334/version/1

Applications Of Microspectroscopy, Hyperspectral Chemical Imaging And Fluorescence Microscopy In Chemistry, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Molecular And Cell Biology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Chemical imaging is a technique for the simultaneous measurement of spectra (chemical information) and images or pictures (spatial information)^1,2^. The technique is most often applied to either solid or gel samples, and has applications in chemistry, biology^3-8^, medicine^9,10^, pharmacy^11^ (see also for example: Chemical Imaging Without Dyeing), food science, Food Physical Chemistry, Biotechnology^12,13^, Agriculture and industry. NIR, IR and Raman chemical imaging is also referred to as hyperspectral, spectroscopic, spectral or multi-spectral imaging (also see micro-spectroscopy). However, other ultra-sensitive and selective, chemical imaging techniques are also in use that involve either UV-visible or fluorescence microspectroscopy.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6593/version/1

Mass Cultivation of _Chroococcus turgidus_ and _Oscillatoria sp._ and Effective Harvesting of Biomass by Low-cost methods
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mohan N; Hanumantha Rao P; Ranjith Kumar R; Sivasubramanian V.
The potential of microalgal biomasses for the production of biochemicals such as pigments, vitamins, antibiotics, polysaccharides, proteins, essential fatty acids, bio-flocculants, enzymes, etc. is well known. The purpose of this study was to cultivate two cyanobacterial species namely _Chroococcus turgidus_ and _Oscillatoria sp._, isolated from industrial effluents, using a suitable growth medium in a large-scale High Rate Algal (HRA) pond. The biomolecules such as total protein, total carbohydrate and total lipid, and the pigments chlorophyll, phycobilins, &amp;#x3b2;-carotene, were analysed at regular intervals during cultivation. In addition, the total bacterial cell numbers were enumerated during the study and their influence on algal growth was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4331/version/1

Chromium uptake by Fenugreek
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xanthate D S; Murthy  Ch V R; Rajan  S C S; Sekhar D M R.
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum) is both herb (leaves) and a spice (seed) belonging to the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek leaves and seeds are used in the cuisine of India. Fenugreek also has medicinal value. Fenugreek seeds are known to reduce serum glucose and improve glucose tolerance and hence are prescribed to diabetic patients. In the recent past supplemental Chromium is being prescribed to diabetic patients to activate (increased- insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin receptor phosphorylation) insulin. Plants can uptake substantial quantities of toxic metals from contaminated soils if these soils are well ameliorated. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;It is then probable that the medicinal efficacy of Fenugreek in the case of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6762/version/1

Seeds banks of desert annuals in an aridity gradient in the southern Atacama Desert
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Diego A. Sotomayor; Julio R. Guti&amp;#xe9;rrez.
*Background/Question/Methods*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Annual plant communities are important components of the biodiversity found in the coastal southern Atacama Desert in Chile. Moreover, they are an important economic resource for the human communities living in that area. These plant communities develop, after heavy rainfall episodes, a phenomenon locally known as the &amp;#x201c;blooming of the desert&amp;#x201d;. Although the minimum rainfall thresholds for these plants to emerge are relatively well known, little is known about their seed banks, its composition, dynamics and variation across the latitudinal aridity gradient from south to north. This system is interesting to study species coexistence, as well as, to look for exotic plants invasion, since...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3619/version/1

Genetic differentiation of wild and managed _Coffea arabica_ populations in Afromontane rainforest fragments in SW Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Raf Aerts; Gezahegn Berecha; Pieter Gijbels; Sabine Van Glabeke; Katrien Vandepitte; Bart Muys; Isabel Rold&amp;#xe1;n-Ruiz; Olivier Honnay.
*1.*  _Coffea arabica_ L. has its origin and centre of diversity in the Afromontane rainforests of southwestern Ethiopia.  Deforestation, habitat fragmentation and forest degradation threaten this wild coffee gene pool, which is vital to global coffee cultivation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*2.*  We investigated genetic variation and diversity within and between eleven coffee stands across a gradient of increasing forest management intensity (&amp;#x2018;forest coffee&amp;#x2019;, unmanaged large continuous forest vs. &amp;#x2018;semi-forest coffee&amp;#x2019;, managed, small fragments) using two multiplex panels of five microsatellite markers each.  We used analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) to partition total genetic diversity and applied a Bayesian...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5870/version/1

A Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements-  (v.4)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valentin  Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/4

Controlling sap-sucking insect pests with recombinant endophytes expressing plant lectin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiuyun Zhao; Gaofu Qi; Xianfang Zhang; Nan Lan; Xinrong Ma.
We developed a novel pest management strategy, which uses endophytes to express anti-pest plant lectins. Fungal endophyte of Chaetomium globosum YY-11 with anti-fungi activities was isolated from rape seedlings, and bacterial endophytes of SJ-10 (Enterobacter sp.) and WB (Bacillus subtilis) were isolated from rice seedlings. Pinellia ternate agglutinin gene was cloned into SJ-10 and WB for expression by a shuttle vector, and YY-11 was mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Positive transformants were evaluated using PCR and Western blot assay. Recombinant endophytes colonized most of crops, and resistance of rice seedlings, which were inoculated with the recombinant endophytic bacteria, to white backed planthoppers was dramatically enhanced by decreasing...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4862/version/1

Altered copy gene function in plants following total intron replacement in precursor RNA
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Drew Schwartz.
Evidence is presented for two novel genetic mechanisms: total intron replacement in transcribedprecursor RNA by multiple short sequences and reverse transcription of the precursor RNA followedby incorporation into the genome as copy genes, some of which have acquired an altered function.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4307/version/1

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) Determination of Isoflavone Contents for Selected Soybean Accessions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Jun  Guo; Tiefeng  You; Randall   L. Nelson.
Soybean isoflavones are of considerable interest in relation to their possible health effects in human diets. The rapid and economical determination of soybean isoflavone concentrations is essential for the investigation and development of soybean health foods as well as the selection of soybean seeds with optimal isoflavone levels for such foods. Fourier transforms near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) calibrations were developed for the rapid and cost-effective analysis of isoflavones in soybean seeds. FT-NIRS measurements were carried out in quadruplicate for 50 soybean lines selected from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. The selected soybean seeds provided a wide range of isoflavone concentrations (from 0.3 to 6.0 mg/g) that is...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7048/version/1

Potential effects of pollen from stacked Bt maize on non-target Lepidoptera in agrarian systems
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mechthild  Schuppener; Alan J. Slusarenko; Stefan  Rauschen.
The cultivation of genetically engineered (GE) maize expressing Lepidopteran specific Bt proteins poses potential risk for non-target butterflies. Pollen is dispersed by wind in the surroundings of maize fields, deposited on weeds and taken up by non-target butterfly lavae. While MON810 contains low concentrations of Bt protein in pollen, this is not necessarily true for new GE maize lines.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Species appropriate for a post market environmental monitoring (PMEM) should (i) have a small host range to ensure a comprehensive inventory, (ii) be representative and (iii) be common in agrarian landscapes. Rare species seem to be inappropriate (Aviron et al. 2009). We selected the Small Tortoiseshell (_Aglais urticae_) and the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4491/version/1

Genetically modified Cotton species detection by LISS-III satellite data
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Saumitra Mukherjee; Satyanarayan Shashtri; Chander Kumar  Singh; Bindu  Kumari; Reena Kumari; Ram  Avatar; Amit  Singh; Anita  Mukherjee; Bhoop  Singh.
It is possible to infer the genetically modified species by using remotely sensed data. Using ERDAS software the algorithm of BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) Cotton in Punjab, India was developed successfully. GPS enabled space technology has the potential to identify the exact location of Bt Cotton by generating Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the calculation of total area covered by this species. It was possible to develop a correlation in between genetically modified Cotton crop and NDVI value. In parts of Bhatinda district of Punjab the yield of Bt Cotton and NDVI showing R2 value of more than 4.5 in regression analysis. A correlation matrix was also generated which shows that NDVI values of BT cotton has reasonably acceptable correlation...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2659/version/2

Assisting natural forest regeneration in Northern Ethiopia: one intervention is not enough
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Raf Aerts; Eva November; Martin Hermy; Jozef Deckers; Mitiku Haile; Bart Muys.
Management strategies aimed at rehabilitating degraded and cleared forests often rely on temporary or permanent exclusion of herbivores (wild animals, livestock or both).  But in many cases, this simple management technique is not sufficient to induce ecosystem restoration: many negative effects keep the ecosystem in a suboptimal, low biomass state.  The presence of such stable states requires restoration measures to act on multiple stress factors simultaneously.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Compensating for all limiting factors is neither practically nor economically feasible.  But detailed knowledge about the autoecology of tree species &amp;#x2013; i.e. their site requirements, regeneration strategies and recruitment dynamics &amp;#x2013; may be...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2437/version/2

Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Valentin  Prisecaru.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/1

Quantitative detection of _Potato virus Y_ in potato plants and aphids - Discussion of diverse applications in potato research
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Anja H&amp;#xfc;hnlein; J&amp;#xf6;rg Schubert; Thomas Thieme; Edgar Schliephake.
Every year potato growers worldwide complain about severe yield losses caused by _Potato virus Y_ (PVY). Therefore, PVY along with _Potato leafroll virus_ belongs to the most important potato viruses. There are three main strains of PVY: PVY^O^, PVY^N^ and PVY^C^. However, also recombinant forms exist such as PVY^N^Wilga and PVY^NTN^, both of which increase in importance due to their potential to displace the non-recombinant strains at a high percentage. They appear also in mixed infections. In recent years PCR and qPCR assays were developed to differentiate PVY isolates. In order to identify PVY isolates by PCR often large amplicons have to be generated which requires the input of expensive enzymes. On the other hand, qPCR assays until now do not allow...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5734/version/1

The SOL Genomics Network Model: Making Community Annotation Work
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Naama Menda; Isaak Tecle; Anuradha Pujar; Aureliano Bombarely; Tom York; Adri Mills; Joseph Gosselin; Robert Buels; Lukas Mueller.
The concept of community annotation is a growing discipline for achieving participation of the research community in depositing up&amp;#x2010;to&amp;#x2010;date knowledge in biological databases.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The Solanaceae Genomics Network (&amp;#x22;SGN&amp;#x22;:http://sgn.cornell.edu/) is a clade&amp;#x2010;oriented database (COD) focusing on plants of the nightshade family, including tomato, potato, pepper, eggplant, and tobacco, and is one of the bioinformatics nodes of the international tomato genome sequencing project. One of our major efforts is linking Solanaceae phenotype information with the underlying genes, and subsequently the genome. As part of this goal, SGN has introduced a database for locus names and descriptors, and a database for...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3134/version/1

Genetically modified Cotton species detection by LISS-III satellite data
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Saumitra Mukherjee; Satyanarayan Shashtri; Chander Kumar  Singh; Bindu  Kumari; Reena Kumari; Ram  Avatar; Amit  Singh; Anita  Mukherjee; Bhoop  Singh.
It is possible to infer the genetically modified species by using remotely sensed data. Using ERDAS software the algorithm of BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) Cotton in Punjab, India was developed successfully. GPS enabled space technology has the potential to identify the exact location of Bt Cotton by generating Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the calculation of total area covered by this species. It was possible to develop a correlation in between genetically modified Cotton crop and NDVI value. In parts of Bhatinda district of Punjab the yield of Bt Cotton and NDVI showed R2 value of more than 4.5 in regression analysis. A correlation matrix was also generated which shows that NDVI values of BT cotton also has reasonably acceptable...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2659/version/3

Migration potential as a new predictor of long-distance dispersal rate for plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tianhua He; Byron B. Lamont; Neal Enright; Siegy Krauss; Laura Merwin.
How biotic and abiotic factors interact to shape the overall pattern of dispersal of propagules is critical in understanding the evolution of dispersal mechanisms as well as predicting dispersal rates between patchily-distributed habitats. But which plant traits, demographic and/or habitat factors best predict the capacity for dispersal? We introduce the concept of migration potential (v), a readily interpretable parameter that combines recruitment efficiency (recruits per adult / seeds per adult per dispersal cycle) with level of habitat occupancy for predicting effective long-distance dispersal (LDD) of seeds. Using our empirical (genotype assignment) estimates of LDD and statistics on life-history traits and demographic features for contrasting...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5890/version/1

Structural dynamics and divergence of the polygalacturonase gene family in land plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Soon-Jae Kwon; Jae-Han Son; Kyong-Cheul Park; Hae-Young Oh; Pyeung-Hyeun Kim; Woo-Hyeon Byeon; Nam-Soo Kim.
A distinct feature of eukaryotic genomes is the presence of gene families. The polygalacturonase (PG) (EC3.2.1.15) gene family is one of the largest gene families in plants. PG is a pectin-digesting enzyme with a glycoside hydrolase 28 domain. It is involved in numerous plant developmental processes. The evolutionary processes accounting for the functional divergence and the specialized functions of PGs in land plants are unclear. Here, phylogenetic and gene structure analysis of PG genes in algae and land plants revealed that land plant PG genes resulted from differential intron gain and loss, with the latter event predominating. PG genes in land plants contained 15 homologous intron blocks and 13 novel intron blocks. Intron position and phase were not...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1608/version/1

Intra-specific variation in plant hydraulic sectoriality along a latitudinal gradient
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Angela Zeng; Roberto Salguero-Gomez; Agustin Santos-Alvarez; Amy Zanne; Brenda Casper.
High temperatures and nutrient limitations in deserts challenge plant survival. Large temperature oscillations and droughts typical of cold deserts can result in cavitation, the precipitation of dissolved air within a xylem vessel. If xylem vessels are closely packed, then a cavitation event may expand to neighboring vessels, resulting in runaway embolism, and potentially paralyze the vital functions of the plant.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;      Hydraulic sectoriality, where the plant  is functionally composed of independent hydraulic units, has been suggested as a strategy to decrease the risk associated with cavitation. This can occur by increasing xylem vessel isolation and/or increasing the physical modularity of the plant. Furthermore, hydraulic sectoriality...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5277/version/1

Determination of Isoflavone Contents for Selected Soybean Lines and Soy Foods by  Fourier Transform Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Randall L. Nelson.
Soybean isoflavones are of considerable interest in relation to their possible health effects in human diets. Rapid and economical determination of soybean isoflavone contents is essential for breeding and selection of soybean seeds with optimal isoflavone levels for food applications. Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-NIR) calibrations were developed for rapid and reliable analysis of soybean isoflavone content. Our isoflavone calibrations are characterized by low standard errors (&amp;#x3c;0.02%) and high degrees of correlation (&amp;#x3e;99%).
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6194/version/1

Plants at risk from climate change
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chris Yesson; Alastair Culham.
The popular garden flower Cyclamen grows natively in the Mediterranean.  Climate change could make the region unsuitable for 18/21 species in 50 years time.  Ant-dispersed Cyclamen can&amp;#x2019;t hope to migrate to suitable new areas without assistance.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Background: The impact of global climate change on plant distribution, speciation and extinction is of current concern. Examining species climatic preferences via bioclimatic niche modelling is a key tool to study this impact. There is an established link between bioclimatic niche models and phylogenetic diversification. A next step is to examine future distribution predictions from a phylogenetic perspective. We present such a study using Cyclamen (Myrsinaceae), a group...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/150/version/1

Integrated disease management using environmental control in tea fields
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tsuyoshi Tomihama; Nonaka Toshiyuki; Nishi Yatsuka; Arai Kei.
The occurrence of plant disease depends on interactions between the host plant, a pathogen, and the environment in a dynamic called &amp;#x22;the disease triangle&amp;#x22;. Bacterial shoot blight (BSB) disease, caused by _Pseudomonas syringae_ pv. _theae_ (_Pst_), is a major bacterial disease of tea plants in Japan and substantially reduces tea productivity. BSB mainly occurs in the low-temperature season, and lesion formation by _Pst_ is enhanced by both low temperature and the presence of ice nucleation-active _Xanthomonas campestris_ (INAX), which catalyses ice formation at -2 to -4^o^C and is frequently co-isolated with _Pst_ from tea plants^5^. Low temperature is thus the most important environmental factor to influence the incident; however, the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1836/version/1

Novel developments in SBGN-ED and applications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Tobias Czauderna; Eva Grafahrend-Belau; Astrid Junker; Anja Hartmann; Matthias Klapperst&amp;#xfc;ck; Falk Schreiber.
Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN, http://sbgn.org) [1] is an emerging standard for graphical representations of biochemical and cellular processes studied in systems biology. Three different views (Process Description, Entity Relationship, and Activity Flow) cover several aspects of the represented processes in different levels of detail. SBGN helps to communicate biological knowledge more efficient and accurate between different research communities in the life sciences. However, to support SBGN, methods and tools for editing, validating, and translating of SBGN maps are necessary.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We present methods for these tasks and novel developments in SBGN-ED (www.sbgn-ed.org) [2], a tool which allows to create all three types of SBGN maps...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6415/version/1

Traditional wisdom confirmed by scientific research: Jatropha species from Mexico is non-toxic
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Harinder P. S. Makkar; Vikas Kumar; Olubisi Oyeleye; Akinwale Oluwasegun Akinleye; Miguel A. Angulo-Escalante; Klaus Becker.
The seeds of _Jatropha platyphylla_, available on the pacific coast from Sinaloa to Michoac&amp;#xe1;n including the Nayarit and Jalisco states in Mexico, are consumed by local communities after roasting them in a manner similar to that used for peanuts. The kernels and kernel meal of _J. platyphylla_ were found to be free of phorbol esters but the kernel meal contained antinutritional factors: trypsin inhibitor, lectins and phytate at levels similar to those in _J. curcas_ kernel meal. However, trypsin inhibitor and lectins are heat labile so this explains why the local people can eat roasted seeds without ill effect. The fatty acid profile of _J. platyphylla_ oil was similar to that of _J. curcas_ and the kernels of both these species contained _ca_ 58%...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4155/version/1

Phytochemical Approach and Bioanalytical Strategy to Develop Chaperone-Based Medications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz.
Currently, no pharmaceuticals for the etiological treatment of degenerative protein-misfolding diseases (e.g., ALS, Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s or prion diseases) are commercially available. Therefore, in this technical note theoretical considerations and practical approaches concerning the development of chaperone-based medications from medicinal plants (e.g., Ginkgo biloba) are reviewed and discussed in detail. Phytochaperones and other agents isolated from medicinal plants are proposed to serve as the general basis of drug development in protein-misfolding diseases.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1431/version/2

Rice Genes in Oryzabase
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yukiko Yamazaki; Rie Tsuchiya; Yuka Takahashi; Takao Asanuma; Yo  Shidahara; Shingo Sakaniwa.
In addition to maintaining a rice gene list, Oryzabase, a database of rice science, has also been hosting a website to submit newly identified genes. The current rice gene dictionary is based on a traditional rice trait gene dictionary and extended through time with new genes which are manually retrieved from journal articles. Currently over 4000 genes are listed. However it is still insufficient in both quantity and quality. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;   Recently we started to apply automated extraction before manual annotation to enhance the efficiency of gene extraction. To improve the quality of information, we started collecting relevant DNA accessions and LOCUS-ID. In Oryzabase, we try to employ the help of users to overcome this information...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5069/version/1

Quantitative detection of cereal geminiviruses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nadine Drechsler; Antje  Habeku&amp;#xdf;; Thomas Thieme; J&amp;#xf6;rg Schubert.
The Geminiviruses _Wheat dwarf virus_ (WDV) and _Barley dwarf virus_ (BDV) cause symptoms such as dwarfing, stunting and yellowing in infected cereals and can lead to reduced yield and even death of the plant. Both viruses are transmitted by the leafhopper _Psammotettix alienus_ Dahlb. in a persistent  non propagative manner. WDV is reported in Germany since the early 1990s. In the future an increase of infections is predicted due to global warming which leads to prolonged active periods of the vector in autumn. Furthermore infected plants can hibernate and serve as source of infection in spring.   &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;For the first time quantitative PCR assays were developed which allow the sensitive detection and quantification of WDV and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5735/version/1

Design and development of a Europe-wide case specific monitoring method
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Angelika  Ziegler; Wenke  M&amp;#xf6;nkemeyer; Ralf  Wilhelm; Kerstin Schmidt.
Directive 2001/18 EC demands the cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMO) to be accompanied by post-market environmental monitoring (PMEM). It is composed of a general surveillance for unanticipated adverse effects and case specific monitoring (CSM), which is set up to reduce substantial uncertainties in relevant risk scenarios identified in the environmental risk assessment. PMEM should also allow early identification of potential long-term effects of cultivating GMOs. It should facilitate decisions in risk management.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In this project, a method for a Europe-wide CSM was to be developed. Starting with critical questions from ERA, exposure scenarios (first for non target organisms, later for all other partitions of the ERA) were...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4472/version/1

Quality decay and shelf-life study of fresh celery (Apium graveolens L.) grown under different nitrogen fertilization
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valeria Rizzo; Giuseppe  Muratore; Marco Antonio Russo; Riccardo Iacona; Adalgisa Belligno.
Nitrogen fertilization is useful and widespread to obtain higher growth and quality of productions. To evaluate the influence of nitrogen-rich fertilizers on the quality characteristics, shelf-life tests of celery grown with two levels (80-120 kg ha-1) of two different nitrogen fertilizers were performed. Celery plants were selected and packed in two plastic films (anti-fog polyolefin and micro-perforated polypropylene). Nitrate contents, weight loss, hardness, changes in colour parameters and total phenols, were studied in both packaging solutions during storage. Results showed that celery fertilized with organic nitrogen and packed in anti-fog polyolefin reached a shelf-life of 37 days. Not treated sample packed in micro-perforated polypropylene was not...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4180/version/1

Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry (v2)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^.  This field encompasses the &amp;#x22;physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods&amp;#x22;^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/2

The development of a simple basal area increment model
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Georg Erich Kindermann.
In most cases forest practice in Austria use yield tables to predict the growth of their forests. Common yield tables show the increment of pure even-aged stands which are treated in a way the table developer recommends. The usage of these tables in stands which are either uneven-aged, mixed or treated in another way, may lead to inaccurate predictions. To avoid these problems, forest growth models have been developed. Until now they are not widely used in Austria. One reason may be, that most of the models need some input parameters which are usually not gathered by companies. In this work a basal area increment per hectare model has been developed which is based on the input parameters: diameter at breast height, height to diameter ratio, top height at...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6301/version/1

Historical deforestation patterns and the conservation value of church forests in the northern Ethiopian highlands
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Raf Aerts; Richard Pankhurst; Koen Van Overtveld; Eva J. J. November; Martin Hermy; Bart Muys.
Mountain forest plants have a limited capacity for migration because altitudinal gradients usually set strict limits to plant species&amp;#x2019; ranges and often present physical barriers against dispersal.  Innate &amp;#x2018;islands&amp;#x2019; of biodiversity, mountain forests are therefore particularly vulnerable to the effects of climatic change and habitat fragmentation, both key drivers of global species loss.  Conservation of these ecosystems must for that reason rely on protecting not only large fragments but also small habitat patches and relictual vegetation along a wide altitudinal range.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;When large fragments in such ecosystems are no longer available, small fragments become an environmental priority.  Striking examples of...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1786/version/1

Soybean Composition Database from NIR, NMR and GC-MS Analyses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Jun Guo; Doina M. Costescu; V. I. Prisecaru.
This novel Soybean Composition Database from the AFC-NMR &amp;#x26; NIR Spectroscopy Facility of the College of ACES at the University of Illinois at Urbana includes more than 12,000 NIR measurements on soybeans from the International Soybean Germplasm Collection, such as those received from Peking at the National Soybean Collection.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Excel files (.xls) of our novel spectroscopic data are currently available for all 80,000 + NIR and FT-NMR measurements; such data are made available from an ultra-fast and secure supercomputer server utilizing the current version of the Scientific-Linux OS-based software. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A detailed account is also presented of our high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (HR-NMR) and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6201/version/2

New source for L-iditol and taxanes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Liu Xi-Kui; Liu Jian-Jun.
We describe the first report of the recovery of L-iditol and Taxane from an angiosperm- Yunnanopilia longistaminata (W.Z.Li) C.Y.Wu et D.Z.Li (Opiliaceae). Two taxane compounds and L-iditol were isolated from the tender burgeon of Yunnanopilia longistaminata, and their structure were identified as Taxayunnansin B, Taxumairol E and L-iditol on the basis of NMR and MS spectrum, respectively. It is a new plant source for L-iditol and taxanes.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1502/version/1

Plant Functional Types and Plant Trait Measurements in the Eastern Ghats, South India
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: K. Anupama; A. Stephen; S. Aravajy; G. Orukaimani.
Classifying terrestrial plant species on the basis of function rather than on taxonomy facilitates addressing ecological questions at the scale of ecosystems, landscapes or Biomes. The concept of plant functional types (PFTs) helps handle taxonomic diversity, as it groups together species that share common attributes with respect to, e.g. life-form, phenology and bioclimatic limits. For some time now, large international efforts promoted by the IGBP-GCTE programme are underway to measure for a large number of species a shortlist of significant plant traits that would underlie such functional plant classification systems. The idea here is to help address vegetation responses to and vegetation effects on environmental changes such as climate changes, but...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/941/version/1

Mechanisms of cadmium toxicity and tolerance in Populus
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Brahma Reddy Induri; Stephen DiFazio; Danielle  Ellis; Gancho  Slavov; Tong-Ming Yin; Gerald  Tuskan.
Abstract ID#: 26642&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Background and Methods:&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Cadmium (Cd), ranked the 7th most hazardous substance, is one of the most widespread pollutants of soil and water in industrialized nations. Its increased movement in soil-plant systems is posing a serious threat to human health. Cd, without any known functions in plants, was found to be toxic even at minute concentrations, leading to the development of symptoms such as leaf roll, chlorosis and root and shoot growth reduction. Phytoremediation is an emerging cost-effective and environment friendly technology that utilizes high biomass producing plants including Populus plants to remove, transform or stabilize contaminants in soils. The objectives of our study...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5410/version/1

Detection strategies for non-authorized GMO products on the European market
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Patrick G&amp;#xfc;rtler; Esther  Meissner; Ulrich  Busch.
Import and planting of biotech crops is strictly regulated in Europe. In order to observe these strict regulations, an efficient surveillance of the European market is required. In Europe, data on authorised biotech crops from foreign countries are on hand, however, only scarce information on non-authorised biotech crops is available. Experience of the last years has shown that non-authorized biotech crops (e.g. biotech-papaya, Bt10-maize, LL601-rice and Bt63-rice) were detected on the European market. The Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority is responsible for the detection of illegal imports and for labelling control of Food and Feed in Bavaria (Germany). The quantitative real-time PCR is the method of choice for the detection of genetic...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4444/version/1

Phyloclimatic Modelling: Phylogenies, Palaeo-climate and Environmental Preferences
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chris Yesson; Alastair Culham.
A new technique is demonstrated for the interpretation of the role played by climate in plant diversity through the optimisation of climate variables on phylogenetic trees. This is achieved by calculating climate preferences for individual species based on established bioclimatic modelling techniques using point&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;distribution data from distributed sources. We demonstrate a new technique for optimising the component parameters on phylogenetic trees. These parameters can be re-combined into&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;bioclimatic models for ancestral nodes throughout the phylogenetic tree. The combination of DNA-sequence data and the fossil record is used to establish time-calibrated phylogenies. Using these chronograms, bioclimatic models can in turn...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/145/version/1

The dynamic consequences of invasion: negative plant-soil feedbacks on natives increase ver the time course of invasion
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Elizabeth H. Schultheis; Jennifer A. Lau.
*a) Background/Questions/Methods*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Exotic species can negatively impact native community members, directly through interference competition, or indirectly by altering interactions between native species and other species such as pathogens and mutualists. Soil microbial communities have been shown to respond to invasive species, yet are relatively stable and may take time to respond to perturbations. For this reason, microbe-mediated effects of invasives on natives may take time to develop and may change throughout the invasion process. Few studies have investigated how species interactions between natives and exotics change during invasions.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Acer platanoides_ was introduced into the US from Europe in 1756...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5192/version/1

Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) in Vector Systems Played Sense Role of Epigenetic in Plants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hany A. El-Shemy; Mutasim M. Khalafalla; Masao Ishimoto.
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) of jellyfish (_Aequorea victoria_) has significant advantages over other reporter genes, because expression can be detected in living cells without any substrates. Recently, epigenetic phenomena are important to consider in plant biotechnology experiments for elucidate unknown mechanism. Therefore, soybean immature cotyledons were generated embryogenesis cells and engineered with two different gene constructs (pHV and pHVS) using gene gun method. Both constructs contain a gene conferring resistance to hygromycin (_hpt_) as a selective marker and a modified glycinin (11S globulin) gene (_V3-1_) as a target. However, sGFP(_S65T_) as a reporter gene was used only in pHVS as a reporter gene for study the relation between...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1845/version/1

Control of konzo in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: J. Howard Bradbury; Chretienne Mandombi; D Nahimana; J. P. Banea; Ian C. Denton; N Kuwa.
Konzo is an upper motor neuron disease that causes irreversible paralysis of the legs mainly in children and young women^1,2^, due to consumption of large amounts of cyanogens from poorly processed cassava, the staple food of tropical Africa^3^. Konzo occurs in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC),Mozambique, Tanzania, Cameroon, Central African Republic and Angola. In March 2010 the wetting method, which removes cyanogens from cassava flour^4,5,6^, was taught to and used by the mothers of Kay Kalenge village. This reduced the total cyanide content of cassava flour to the FAO/WHO limit of 10ppm^7^. Cyanogen intake of school children, monitored by urinary thiocyanate analyses, decreased from mean values of 332 to 130 &amp;#x3bc;mole/L. The percentage of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Neuroscience; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6520/version/1

Development and application of molecular and bioinformatic tools for the genetic monitoring of wild beets
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthias Enders; Lothar  Frese; Marion Nachtigall.
Crop Wild Relatives (CWR) are an economically important plant genetic resource (PGR) for plant breeding. One strategy to conserve PGR in the natural habitat (in situ) is the genetic reserve technique. This approach protects the existing intraspecific diversity and allows, in contrast to the ex situ approaches, the emergence of new diversity. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The genetic reserve conservation technique will be tested in practice with the Genus _Beta_ within the framework of the EU Project &amp;#x201c;AEGRO&amp;#x201d;. _Beta patula_ (Ait.) (BP) and _Beta vulgaris_ (L.) _maritima_ (Arcang.) (BVM) are used as models. Both species are important resources for sugar beet breeding. BP is a rare and endangered species with a very limited habitat. In contrast BVM...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5742/version/1

Cost effective mass multiplication of Gymnema sylvestre in hydroponic system
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Raju Karthic; Sundaram Seshadri.
Present experiment was designed with an objective to develop a cost efficient mass multiplication method for Gymnema sylvestre using hydroponic system. A plastic tub, with polyethylene cover, containing 1/10 strength of MS salts supplemented with Indole butyric acid (IBA) at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 mg/L) was studied. Medium containing 0.5mg/L of IBA produced highest rooting (66%) with 96 % survival. This protocol will serve as an alternative to the existing in vitro and clonal multiplication protocols.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3770/version/1

Direct submission system and literature annotation of rice genes in Oryzabase
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yukiko Yamazaki; Rie Tsuchiya; Takao Asanuma; Yo Shidahara; Shingo Sakaniwa.
Oryzabase (&amp;#x22;http://www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/rice/oryzabase/&amp;#x22;:http://www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/rice/oryzabase/) is a comprehensive rice science database ^1^. It houses a variety of genetic resources, relevant literatures, gene dictionary, DNA sequences, and basic information such as developmental biology and anatomy. In order to keep the gene dictionary up-to-date, literature annotation has been conducted manually since 1995. However as the publication of journal articles increases year by year after genomic sequences were released, it became more difficult to update the dictionary timely and in high quality without sufficient annotators. To overcome this difficulty, we applied machine learning and text-mining to extract known and unknown genes...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3164/version/1

Are plants with anti-cancer activity resistant to crown gall? : A test of hypothesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: R Srirama; BT. Ramesha; G. Ravikanth; R. Uma Shaanker; KN Ganeshaiah.
The Crown gall tumour assay (CGTA) is one of several bench top bioassays recommended for the rapid screening of plants with anti-cancer activity. The rationale for the use of the bioassay is that the tumorogenic mechanism initiated in plant tissues by _Agrobacterium tumefaciens_ is in many ways similar to that of animals.  Several plant species with anti-cancer activity have already been discovered using this bioassay.  However till date no explicit test of an association between anti-cancer activity of plants and their resistance to crown gall formation has been demonstrated. Demonstration of an association could have exploratory potential when searching for plants with anti-cancer activity. In this paper, we determined whether or not a statistically...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1456/version/1

Analysis of plant metabolites &amp;#x2013; the baseline-threshold principle
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Katja  Neubauer; Jenny Bandomir; Anett  Grunenberg; Andreas  M&amp;#xfc;ller; Udo  Kragl; Kerstin  Schmidt.
With the environmental risk assessment (ERA) for genetically modified plants (GMP) the identification of equivalence or differences in the composition of ingredients of GMPs and non-GMPs has to be investigated. The strategy is based upon the idea that traditionally cultivated crops have been used safely for many years, thus every divergence within the compounds of a GMP in contrast to its non-GMP counterpart could refer to a risk and has to be further analysed.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The BioOK company offers the opportunity to analyse very different aspects from the ERA of GMPs in one hand. Beside toxicological analysis and the determination of environmental effects via soil analysis, we can look into several plant metabolites to identify...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4439/version/1

Dual Diode Array and Fourier Transform Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrometer Calibrations for Composition Analysis of Single Soybean Seeds for Genetic Selection, Cross-Breeding Experiments
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Randall  L. Nelson.
Experimental results of extensive evaluations of Diode-Array and FT-NIRS instruments are presented that aim at developing reliable and robust NIR calibrations for single soybean seed composition analysis on both Dual Diode Array and Fourier Transform NIR reflectance instruments. Single soybean seed, bulk, and powder calibrations were developed on four different NIRS spectrometer models that are commercially available.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6195/version/1

Critical studies on systematics of Murdannia lanuginosa (Wall. EX C. B. Cl) Brueck. (Commelinaceae)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: M D. Nandikar; R V. Gurav.
_Murdannia lanuginosa_ (C. B. Cl.) Brucek. (Commelinaceae), an endemic plant to Western Ghats of Peninsular India. It is categorized as regionally endangered taxon owing to its restricted habitat and low population status in ateritic plateaus of Maharashtra and Karnataka. It is observed in higher abundance in lateritic plateaus  and hilly slopes at an altitude range of 900 to 1600 m. _M. lanuginosa_ found on open grassy plateaus along with herbs like _M. simplex_, _M. versicolor_, _Ischaemum impressum_, _Glyphochloa forficulata_, _Paspalum canarae_, _Smithia bigemina_, _S. purpurea_, _Rotala densiflora_, _Pogostemon deccanensis_, etc. Extent of occurrence of _M. lanuginosa_ estimated to be 4,000 sq. km and found only at few locations. This paper presents...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4619/version/1

Is there a Weed Shift in Roundup Ready Maize?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Arnd Verschwele.
The cultivation of transgenic glyphosate-resistant crop varieties can simplify weed control in crops such as maize and others. On the other hand, the repeated use of broadly effective herbicides like glyphosate, especially in the same crop, can have a negative effect on biodiversity. Additionally there is a risk for a spread of more tolerant or even resistant weed species.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;It was the aim of a 6-years field study (2003-2008) to investigate weed effects of use of glyphosate in a continuous transgenic herbicide-resistant maize rotation at three sites in Germany. These sites differed significantly in terms of soil, climate and initial weed spectrum. The studies focussed on the comparison between local herbicide standards and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4527/version/1

BBSRC Data Sharing Policy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amanda Collis; David McAllister; Michael Ball.
BBSRC recognizes the importance of contributing to the growing international efforts in data sharing. BBSRC is committed to getting the best value for the funds we invest and believes that making research data more readily available will reinforce open scientific inquiry and stimulate new investigations and analyses. BBSRC supports the view that data sharing should be led by the scientific community and driven by scientific need. It should also be cost effective and the data shared should be of the highest quality. Members of the community are expected and encouraged to practice and promote data sharing, determine standards and best practice, and create a scientific culture in which data sharing is embedded.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6015/version/1

Weight matrix based identification of terpene synthases conserved motifs in Arabidopsis thaliana proteome
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suchita  Srivastava; Suaib  Luqman; Feroz  Khan.
Terpenes comprise the most diverse collection of natural products. Out of more than 30,000 individual terpenoids identified, at least half are synthesized by plants. A relatively small, but quantitatively significant, number of terpenoids are involved in primary plant metabolism. However, the vast majorities are classified as secondary metabolites; compounds not required for plant growth and development but presumed to have an ecological function in communication or defense and are widely used in industrial applications. Terpene hydrocarbon scaffolds are generated by the action of the mechanistically intriguing family of mono-, sesqui-, and diterpene synthases collectively termed as terpene synthases, that catalyze multistep reactions with diphosphorylated...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6909/version/1

Elevated CO2 and O3 Effects on Fine-Root Life Span in Ponderosa Pine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Donald L. Phillips; Mark G. Johnson; David T. Tingey; Marjorie J. Storm.
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations are rising, which may have opposing effects on tree C balance and allocation to fine roots.  More information is needed on interactive CO2 and O3 effects on roots, particularly fine-root life span, a critical demographic parameter and determinant of soil C and N pools and cycling rates.  We conducted a study in which ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings were exposed to two levels of CO2 and O3 in sun-lit controlled-environment terracosms for three years.  Minirhizotrons were used to monitor individual fine roots in three soil horizons every 28 days.  Proportional hazards regression was used to analyze effects of CO2, O3, diameter, depth, and season of root initiation on fine-root...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3703/version/1