Consulta: subjectFacets:"Poland"
Registros recuperados: 64
Data/hora: 06/06/2024 14:17:36

Participation and Protected Areas Governance: the Impact of Changing Influence of Local Authorities on the Conservation of the Bia&amp;#322;owie&amp;#380;a Primeval Forest, Poland
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Niedzia&amp;#322;kowski, Krzysztof; Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK ; kniedz@zbs.bialowieza.pl; Paavola, Jouni; Sustainability Research Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, UK; J.Paavola@leeds.ac.uk; J&amp;#281;drzejewska, Bogumi&amp;#322;a; Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; bjedrzej@zbs.bialowieza.pl.
According to the new conservation paradigm, protected areas should contribute to the socioeconomic development of host communities, and the latter ought to be included in participatory decision making concerning these areas. However, the understanding of participation is ambiguous and there are at least three major approaches, which may have different impacts on the governance of protected areas. We examine the case of the Bia&amp;#322;owie&amp;#380;a Primeval Forest in order to trace the effectiveness of changing modes of participation as well as to discuss the limitations and problems of public participation. Between 1918 and 2010, the role of local authorities changed from no influence to limited control over decision making regarding designation and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Bia&amp;#322; Owie&amp;#380; A; Biodiversity conservation; Governance; National park; Participation; Poland; Protected areas.
Ano: 2012

[The Fossil Record of the Eurasian Neogene Insectivores (Erinaceomorpha, Soricomorpha, Mammalia), Part I.]: Poland
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Rzebik-Kowalska, B.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Insectivore faunas; Neogene; Poland; 38.22; 42.84.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/215596

A redescription of the Indo-West Pacific Spirobranchus corrugatus Straughan, 1967 (Serpulidae, Polychaeta), and an alternative hypothesis on the nature of a group of Middle Miocene microfossils from Poland
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Hove, Harry A. ten; Nishi, Eijiroh.
Spirobranchus corrugatus, a little known species, is redescribed based on ample material from Australia, Indonesia, Japan and the Seychelles. The species is characterized by a seemingly porous tube, sunk into the substrate. Characteristically, the opercular plate shows a number of radial ridges on its distal surface, resembling Middle Miocene microfossils from Poland. The ventral rim of the opercular bulb of Sp. corrugatus bears numerous ocelli, with single lenses. A comparison with similar species is given.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Polychaeta; Serpulidae; Indo-Pacific; Miocene; Poland.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/505214

Four Ponto-Caspian and one American gammarid species (Crustacea, Amphipoda) recently invading Polish waters
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Jazdzewski, Krzysztof; Konopacka, Alicja; Grabowski, Michal.
The paper discusses recent drastic changes in the composition of Polish gammarid fauna, that occurred at the end of 20th century. This change was caused by the invasion of five alien species – four of Ponto-Caspian origin (Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, D. villosus, Obesogammarus crassus and Pontogammarus robustoides) and one of American origin (Gammarus tigrinus). Probable invasion routes are presented.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Biogeography; Gammarids; European waters; Poland.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/534313

Xyeloblacus gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Blacinae) parasitoid of Xyelinae (Xyelidae: Hymenoptera)
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Achterberg, C. van; Altenhofer, E.
The new genus Xyeloblacus (type species: Xyeloblacus leucobasis spec, nov.) is described and illustrated; it belongs to a new tribe (Xyeloblacini van Achterberg), and two Palaearctic species are included. The type species has been reared from two Xyela spp. ("Symphyta"; Xyelidae; Xyelinae) in Austria.
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Hymenoptera; Braconidae; Blacinae; Xyeloblacus; Palaearctic; Austria; Poland; Japan; Key; 42.75.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/318162

DOŚWIADCZENIA ODDOLNYCH INICJATYW ROZWOJU REGIONALNEGO ORAZ PERSPEKTYWY DLA PROGRAMU LEADER+ W REGIONIE DOLINY STRUGU W POLSCE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramzow,   Andreas.
This paper presents the results of a case study of local economic development in Dolina Strugu, Podkarpackie voivodship, Poland. Its aim is to analyse local development problems and chances, to investigate the potential of endogenous initiatives to support economic development, and to examine the prospects for an implementation of the EU’s initiative Leader+. The case study primarily relies on interviews conducted with local government authorities, NGOs, business owners and farmers in summer 2005. The hitherto unsatisfactory income situation in agriculture has been particularly precarious for the region because two thirds of the people in working age are employed in agriculture and alternative job opportunities are mostly absent. To respond to these...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Endogenous initiative; Leader+; Cooperation; Poland; Ländliche Entwicklung; Endogene Initiative; Kooperation; Polen; Rozwój wsi; Inicjatywa lokalna; Współpraca; Polska; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; P 32; Q 13; R 11.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91960

CHAIN QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN CO-OPERATIVES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanf,   Jon Henrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper investigates the relationship between the chosen quality strategy and the vertical co-ordination mechanism of a focal company by using new institutional economics, as well as strategic management approaches. The theoretical findings are tested using evidence from 19 of the largest Polish dairy cooperatives, surveyed in spring 2006. The results show that all co-ops recognise the changing market requirements and are treating food quality as more than plain food safety and the ability to continuously reproduce an ex ante defined set of attributes. However, compared to investor-owned dairies, co-ops are disadvantaged in quality-based competition due to their lower flexibility and access to financial and qualified human resources. To overcome this...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Network theory; Relationship management; Quality management; Cooperatives; Poland; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7604

What does the 'New Quality' mean in view of Polish dairy cooperatives?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanf,   Jon Henrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper investigates the relationship between the chosen quality strategy and the vertical co-ordination mechanism of a focal company by using new institutional economics, as well as strategic management approaches. The theoretical findings are tested using evidence from 19 of the largest Polish dairy cooperatives, surveyed in spring 2006. The results show that all co-ops recognise the changing market requirements and are treating food quality as more than plain food safety and the ability to continuously reproduce an ex ante defined set of attributes. However, compared to investor-owned dairies, co-ops are disadvantaged in quality-based competition due to their lower flexibility and access to financial and qualified human resources. To overcome this...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Network theory; Relationship management; Quality management; Cooperatives; Poland; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7858

The Impact of Social Capital on Farm and Household Income: Results of a Survey among Individual Farmers in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolz,   Axel; Fritzsch,   Jana; Reinsberg,   Klaus.
Private farming is the dominant mode of agricultural production in most European countries. Not all farmers are equally successful, economically. In this paper it is analysed whether social capital is an important factor contributing to higher agricultural incomes. Based on the findings of a farm survey in Poland among 410 farmers by adopting factor and multiple regression analysis it can be deduced that social capital is indeed a significant factor determining the level of agricultural income. However, its impact not that clear-cut as anticipated. More in-depth analysis will be needed in the future.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cross sectional models; Empirical research; Farm income; Individual (private) farms; Social capital; Poland; Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24442

STIMULATING COOPERATION AMONG FARMERS IN A POST-SOCIALIST ECONOMY: LESSONS FROM A PUBLIC-PRIVATE MARKETING PARTNERSHIP IN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramzow,   Andreas; Petrick,   Martin.
This paper shows how the involvement of local governments and individuals allowed the successful creation of a public-private partnership for agricultural marketing in South-Eastern Poland, despite a generally negative perception of cooperation among the rural population. While the regional distribution network for agricultural products is largely market-based, the partnership only emerged due to collective action between local leaders. The partnership does not require farmers to become shareholders, uses a small decision making body and offers complementary services to farmers. However, there has been little stimulation of broader development activities within the local society, and the involvement of local governments has become unstable over time.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Public-private partnership; Endogenous initiatives; Rural development; Poland; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7580

The Use of Bootstrapped Malmquist Indices to Reassess Productivity Change Findings: An Application to a Sample of Polish Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balcombe,   Kelvin George; Davidova,   Sophia; Latruffe,   Laure.
The paper assesses the extent to which sampling variation affects findings about Malmquist productivity change derived using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), in the first stage calculating productivity indices and in the second stage investigating the farm-specific change in productivity. Confidence intervals for Malmquist indices are constructed using Simar and Wilson's (1999) bootstrapping procedure. The main contribution of the paper is to account in the second stage for the information provided by the bootstrap in the first stage. The DEA standard errors of the Malmquist indices given by bootstrapping are employed in an innovative heteroscedastic panel regression, using a maximum likelihood procedure. The application is to a sample of 250 Polish farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Malmquist; Bootstrapping; Second-stage regression; Poland; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25793

Impediments to Employment and Enterprise Diversification: Evidence from Small-Scale Farms in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chaplin,   Hannah; Davidova,   Sophia; Gorton,   Matthew.
In an environment of low returns to agricultural activities and slow structural change, both employment and enterprise diversification have been presented as possible strategies for raising the incomes of farm households. This paper focuses on the barriers to taking up off-farm employment and establishing new non-agricultural enterprises. Factor and cluster analysis are applied to a data-set of individual farms in Poland in order to identify groups of households facing similar constraints and profile policy measures that are most likely to assist diversification. The majority of non-diversifiers are unlikely to become pluriactive in the near future due to a combination of age, a desire to concentrate on farming and remoteness. Farm households that are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poland; Diversification; Off-farm employment; Non-agricultural enterprises; Cluster analysis; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; R0; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24760

Modelling the Dairy Farm Size Distribution in Poland Using an Instrumental Variable Generalized Cross Entropy Markov Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tonini,   Axel; Jongeneel,   Roelof A.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the evolution of the dairy farm structure of Poland during the post-socialist period. First the paper focuses on how the farm structure has changed over time and what path it is likely to follow in the coming decade. Second, it is tested whether the evolution of farm size is explained by non-stationary effects. Finally, several statistical indicators are computed on farm mobility and on which farms are likely to survive. An instrumental variable generalised cross entropy Markov chain approach which incorporates prior information is applied for estimation. Prior information included general and plausible information on farm mobility and structural adjustments based on independent literature. The projections show that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy; Farm size; Poland; Markov chain; Generalised cross entropy.; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7784

Tradable Green Certificates as a Policy Instrument? A Discussion on the Case of Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Heinzel,   Christoph; Winkler,   Thomas.
Quota obligation schemes based on tradable green certificates have become a popular policy instrument to expand power generation from renewable energy sources (RES). Their application, however, can neither be justified as a first-best response to a market failure, nor, in a second-best sense, as an instrument mitigating distortionary effects of the emissions externality, if an emissions trading system exists that fully covers the energy industry. We study how ancillary reasons, in form of overcoming various barriers for RES use and establishing beneficial side-effects, such as industry development, energy security, and abatement of pollutants not covered under the ETS, apply to the scheme recently introduced in Poland. While setting substantial expansion...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Tradable green certificates; Environmental policy; Poland; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95068

LARGE FARMS IN POLAND FOUNDED ON THE BASIS OF THE PROPERTY OF FORMER STATE - OWNED FARMS (PGRS)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kagan,   Adam.
This paper presents economic results of three groups of large farms, in the years 2000-2005, which were founded on the basis of the property of former state – owned farms in Poland. They were divided according their legal and organisational form into: farms purchased, farms on lease and shareholder companies of the State Treasury. On the basis of the results of the analysis it was concluded that all three groups are economically effective, however, farms purchased, as a legal and organisational form, are protected against the production and market risk in the highest degree. Hence, the final direction of privatisation in Poland at the present stage of restructuring should be the purchase of farms. It does not mean, however, that there is a need to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic efficiency; Shareholder companies of the State Treasury; Farms purchased; Farms on lease; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7812

Testing Theories of Cooperative Arrangements in Agricultural Markets: Results from Producer Groups in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banaszak,   Ilona.
The main question posed in the paper asks why do some cooperative arrangements in agricultural markets survive and succeed and others fail? We define “success” and factors affecting success of cooperation using transaction costs theory and game theory. Transaction costs theory provides insights on comparative advantage of one form of organization versus others and proposes, while game theory focuses on interdependencies between partners entering the arrangements. Data were collected from 62 Polish farmer cooperative organizations called producer groups. The main aim of those organizations was to organize joint sales of output produced individually by their members. Some of the groups were functioning effectively while others that had disbanded or were no...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperation; Agricultural markets; Producer groups; Poland; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7837

Programming Regional Rural Development for Poland: A Research Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ziolkowska,   Jadwiga.
Since Mai 2004 Poland is a new EU member country and has, due to the short membership period, little experience in creating rural policy according to the EU regulations. Additionally, there is a centralised planning of rural policies. The aim of the poster is to present how financing of rural policy can be improved by means of scientific programming methods. The study shows how the modelling approach can be used to analyse the optimal budget allocation for the Polish Plan for Development of Rural Areas from a regional perspective to better reach defined objectives.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Policy for rural areas; Linear programming; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Q10; Q18; C61; Z0.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24677

Dairy supply chain restructuring and its impact on farmers' revenues in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falkowski,   Jan; Malak-Rawlikowska,   Agata; Milkczarek-Andrzejewska,   D.
Supply chain restructuring and its impact on farmers’ situation have become the subject of vast interest among agricultural economists. However, there have been relatively few studies trying to quantitatively asses this issue. This paper analyses the impact of supply chain modernisation on dairy farmers in Poland. It is shown that joining the modern marketing channel positively affects farmers’ revenues. The decision to enter the modern channel is crucially dependent on access to funds and facilitated by having larger cow herds.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supply chain; Restructuring; Dairy sector; Poland; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44060

Economic Situation and Development Perspectives of Farms in Poland - An Analysis Based on Survey Data from Selected Polish Voivodships and a Comparison with German Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin; Spychalski,   Grzegorz; Switlyk,   Michal; Tyran,   Ewa.
The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of farm-level data collected in a survey of 464 Polish farms in 2000. Performance indicators of farms in three Polish voivodships are compared with farm accountancy data from two German Länder. The results show that Polish farms are much less profitable than their German counterparts. The gap in income levels is much higher between persons employed in the agricultural sector than between average working persons in the two countries. Living standards of the Polish farm population in the north-west exceed those in the south-east of the country. The analysis suggests that the lower profitability of farms has two major reasons. First, farms in the German regions receive much higher levels of subsidies. Second,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Farm performance; Survey data; Poland; Germany; International Development.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98251

Quality Management in Supply Chain Networks - The Case of Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hanf,   Jon Henrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
In this article we suggest that rising quality requirements are key factors for the redesign of food chains. We argue that the food supply proceeds through pyramidalhierarchical strategic networks coordinated by powerful focal firms. These firms choose a quality strategy and employ chain quality management concepts by exerting managerial discretion to achieve the super-ordinate network aims. We introduce and elaborate upon two types of chain quality management: strategic and operative. The theoretical findings have been tested using evidence from the Polish dairy market. Semi-structured interviews were conducted across the various hierarchical levels of the 19 largest Polish dairy cooperatives during the spring of 2006. The results show that the firms’...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Chain quality management; Dairy cooperatives; Network theory; Poland; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44903

POLAND'S AGRICULTURE: SERIOUS COMPETITOR OR EUROPE'S POORHOUSE? SURVEY RESULTS ON FARM PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED POLISH VOIVODSHIPS AND A COMPARISON WITH GERMAN FARMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin; Spychalski,   Grzegorz; Switlyk,   Michal; Tyran,   Ewa.
The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of farm-level data collected in a survey of 464 Polish farms in 2000. Performance indicators of farms in three Polish voivodships are compared with farm accountancy data from two German Länder. The results show that Polish farms were much less profitable than their German counterparts. The gap in income levels is much higher between persons employed in the agricultural sector than between average working persons in the two countries. Living standards within the Polish farm sector decline from the north-west to the south-east. The analysis suggests that the lower profitability of farms is a consequence of pronounced structural deficiencies due to a quite unfavourable workforce-land ratio on Polish farms and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Farm performance; Survey data; Poland; Germany; Farm Management; Q12; C81; P32.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14894

Institutions and properties of the transaction: influences on land rental contract design in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hurrelmann,   Annette.
The article analyses influences on the design of land rental contracts in Poland. Attention is paid to the effect of both the properties of the transaction as identified in Transaction Cost Economics (asset-specificity, uncertainty, frequency) and the features of the institutional environment (legal as well as customary rules) as studied by the Economics of Property Rights. The conclusion is that institutional influences have a very strong effect and should not be disregarded in the explanation of contract choice.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Institutions; Transaction costs; Contract choice; Poland; Land market; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97390

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A FLEDGLING DEMOCRACY: THE POTENTIAL OF THE POLISH AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Doye,   Damona G.
Agricultural economists who serve as educators in emerging democracies have the opportunity to contribute to economic development by building human capital.  A channel for educators to share lessons learned in these countries could benefit individuals preparing for assignments in foreign countries.  Understanding the cultural and social differences in decision-making systems is critical to successful educational program development and implementation.  Individuals in the emerging democracies often need training in management and market economics to apply at institutional as well as personal levels.  Similar training for recipients of economic development funds could result in more effective application of funds.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International education; International extension; Poland; International Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15192

Modeling Differentiated Quality Standards in the Agri-Food Sector: The Case of Meat Trade in the EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rau,   Marie-Luise; van Tongeren,   Frank W.
This paper looks at trade impacts of quality related standards from the supply side of the exporting country. We argue that food quality standards imposed by an importing country have profound effects on the market structure of the exporting industry, and hence a significant impact on the supply response. For our analysis, we develop a stylized oligopoly model that allows for the co-existence of complying and non-complying suppliers. The model is applied to two alternative policy options to explore different mechanisms an importing county may use to enhance the quality of its imports. We take the Polish meat sector as an empirical example, since after Poland's accession to the EU the tight EU food quality standards indeed apply but the process of adjusting...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food quality standards; Trade; Market structure; Poland; Meat sector; Oligopoly; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; Q17; Q18; L1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25739

POLAND’S ADJUSTMENT TO CHALLENGES OF CHANGING AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kowalski,   Andrzej; Wigier,   Marek; Chmielinski,   Pawel.
Paper is aimed in assessment of first period of Poland’s membership in EU and covering agriculture and rural areas with the support under the Common Agricultural Policy in the context of future challenges faced by the agricultural policy. Analysis shows that accession to EU became a strong impulse for growth of the Polish food economy, however the main challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy in future, from Poland’s perspective, will be strengthening the multifunctional agriculture, i.e. territorial cohesion and positive effects of agricultural activity on natural environment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional agriculture; Common agricultural policy; Rural development; Poland; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57352

Cooperativeness and its Role in the Polish Food Production System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Przygodzka,   Renata.
Joint management for the purpose of meeting common needs has been the concept of cooperativeness for over 100 years. In Poland, it developed in various sectors of the economy, with uneven intensity. It appeared in the food production sectors, in particular in the dairy industry, at quite an early stage. After World War II, due to inclusion of Poland into the block of socialist states, the concept of cooperativeness was strongly perverted, as it was identified with the process of collectivization of agriculture, and only political prerequisites laid the foundations for such a process. Only after year 1989 possibilities of giving the proper role to the concept of cooperativeness appeared. Currently, this role is reinforced along with the growing care for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperativeness; Food Production System; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58115

ADJUSTMENT OF POLAND’S AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECTOR TO CHALLENGES OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kowalski,   Andrzej; Wigier,   Marek; Chmielinski,   Pawel.
Paper is aimed in assessment of first period of Poland’s membership in EU and covering agriculture and rural areas with the support under the Common Agricultural Policy in the context of future challenges faced by the agricultural policy. Analysis shows that accession to EU became a strong impulse for growth of the Polish food economy, however the main challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy in future, from Poland’s perspective, will be strengthening the multifunctional agriculture, i.e. territorial cohesion and positive effects of agricultural activity on natural environment.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Multifunctional agriculture; Common agricultural policy; Rural development; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91129

Farm Heterogeneity and Efficiency in Polish Agriculture: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analysed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors that affect management input and requirements on farms.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44278

Supply chain restructuring and its impact on farmers' income - the evidence from dairy sector in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Milczarek-Andrzejewska,   Dominika; Malak-Rawlikowska,   Agata; Falkowski,   Jan; Wilkin,   Jerzy.
Supply chain restructuring and its impact on farmers’ situation have become the subject of vast interest among agricultural economists. However, there have been relatively few studies trying to quantitatively asses this issue. This paper analyses the impact of supply chain modernisation on dairy farmers in Poland. It is shown that joining the modern marketing channel positively affects farmers’ incomes. The decision to enter the modern channel is crucially dependent on access to funds and facilitated by having larger cow herds.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Supply chain restructuring; Dairy sector; Poland; Agricultural Finance; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44367

MODELING HETEROGENEITY IN PRODUCTION MODELS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIVIDUAL FARMING IN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata; Goraj,   Lech.
This discussion paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analyzed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors, which affect the management input and requirements on farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; D24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91733

Empirical Tests of Impacts of Rationing: The Case of Poland in Transition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Johnson,   Stanley R.
This study tests the theory of rationing, examining changes in household consumption behavior during the transition to a market economy in Poland, 1987–92. A model of consumption under rationing is developed and fitted to prereform quarterly data from the Polish Household Budget Survey. Virtual prices, prices at which consumers would have voluntarily chosen the rationed levels of goods, are derived for food and housing. The prereform Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model with rationing is estimated. Estimates from the virtual AIDS yield plausible values for price and income elasticities. The AIDS model (without rationing) is also fitted to postreform quarterly household survey data for comparison and evaluation. When the two sets of results are compared,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: AIDS model; Hicksian; Poland; Rationing; Transition; Political Economy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18613

Do Cooperative Banks Really Serve Agricultural Sector in Poland?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zawojska,   Aldona; Siudek,   Tomasz.
The aim of the paper is to assess the potential of cooperative banks for serving agricultural sector in Poland and to identify the areas with the most development potential. We discuss the transformation process in the cooperative banking system under market economy, and in particular investigate importance of cooperative banks for farms' financing on the basis of our survey of banks. Moreover, the role of cooperative banks in transmission of Government policy supporting farm sector in Poland is discussed. We find that despite growing competition from the commercial banking sector, farms and rural households in Poland are still of major importance for the cooperative banks in Poland.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cooperative banks; Agricultural sector; Poland; Agricultural Finance; G21; O18; Q14.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24479

VERGLEICH DER BERGLANDWIRTSCHAFT IN POLEN UND DEUTSCHLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sroka,   Wojciech; Happe,   Kathrin.
This paper summarises results of a expert interviews on the state and development of agriculture and rural areas in selected municiapalities in the Polish Carapatian mountains and in the German Alps. Compared to the German Alps, the Polish region has a number of particularities originating from the different history and the transformation process. The overall development in the Polish region is still lagging behind. The implementation of measures of the Common Agricultural Policy has not yet led to significant structural changes in the Carpathian region. The surveyed experts have identified a positive perspective for the development of agriculture. They expect tourism and agriculture to be the main sources of income. A complete disappearance of agriculture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Berglandwirtschaft; Entwicklungsperspektiven; Polen; Bayern; Mountainous areas; Development perspectives; Poland; Bavaria; Rolnictwo górskie; Perspektywy rozwoju; Polska; Bawaria; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91905

On Flexibility in the Polish Farming Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renner,   Swetlana; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata; Glauben,   Thomas.
This paper investigates the flexibility of the Polish farming sector during a transition period. Flexibility is considered to be a farm’s ability to change output by sustaining average costs. We argue that flexibility is a crucial factor in farmers’ competitive advantage, especially under dynamically changing environmental conditions. We propose a flexibility measure that accounts for both input and output flexibility. This measure is used to empirically investigate the magnitude and sources of flexibility in Polish family farming. We also identify the main factors that explain the proposed flexibility indices. The empirical findings reveal that Polish farms use different technologies regarding their input and output flexibility. While small and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Flexibility; Family Farm; Poland; Consumer/Household Economics; Production Economics; D24; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52841

EXPERIENCE WITH ENDOGENOUS RURAL  DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES AND THE PROSPECTS FOR LEADER+ IN THE REGION "DOLINA STRUGU", POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramzow,   Andreas.
This paper presents the results of a case study of local economic development in Dolina Strugu, Podkarpackie voivodship, Poland. Its aim is to analyse local development problems and chances, to investigate the potential of endogenous initiatives to support economic development, and to examine the prospects for an implementation of the EU's initiative Leader+. The case study primarily relies on interviews conducted with local government authorities, NGOs, business owners and farmers in summer 2005. The hitherto unsatisfactory income situation in agriculture has been particularly precarious for the region because two thirds of the people in working age are employed in agriculture and alternative job opportunities are mostly absent. To respond to these...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Endogenous initiative; Leader+; Cooperation; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; P32; Q13; R11.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14907

DYNAMICS OF POLISH WHEAT PRICES IN COMPARISON TO SELECTED WORLD PRICES IN A PERIOD OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Figiel,   Szczepan.
Poland's market reforms implemented in 1990 should possibly result in increasing price linkages between Polish and internationally traded agricultural commodities like wheat. Using regression and cointegration analysis Polish monthly wheat prices were found to be generally unrelated to selected world prices over the period of 1990/91 through 1996/97 mainly because of Polish government's intervention.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poland; Price analysis; Intervention price policy; Wheat; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20864

Transforming the functional structure of Poland’s rural areas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banski,   Jerzy.
This article is devoted to changes in the functional structure of Poland’s rural areas in the years 1988-1999, that is – in the period of transition from the socialist to market economy and the country’s preparations for the EU accession. As the result of functional classification of rural areas carried out in 1999, it proved possible to identify ten functional classes, which can be associated into five groups (i.e. areas with an agricultural function, with equal contribution from different functions, with prevalent forestry, with prevalent tourist/rest-and-recreation function, and with prevalent non-agricultural function). The functional classification obtained revealed that the ten-year period brought a strengthening of the agricultural function in...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Poland; Functional structure; Rural areas; Agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122654

Credit Rationing in the Polish Farm Sector: A Microeconometric Analysis Based on Survey Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin.
The objective of this paper is to empirically detect credit rationing of Polish farms. Based on cross-sectional survey data and motivated by a microeconomic farm household model, this effort is pursued by a methodology consisting of three interrelated steps. These steps include the analysis of qualitative survey data regarding farmers' experience with bank credit, based on this an econometric estimation of internal shadow prices of credit for the credit constrained sub-sample of respondents, and finally an investigation of interdependencies between determinants of consumption and production that should be influenced by the presence of a binding credit constraint. The results of the empirical analysis consistently suggest that among the observed randomly...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture credit; Credit rationing; Interest subsidy; Microeconometrics; Poland; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24951

Productivity Change in Polish Agriculture: An Application of a Bootstrap Procedure to Malmquist Indices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balcombe,   Kelvin George; Davidova,   Sophia; Latruffe,   Laure.
This paper employs bootstrapping to correct for bias and to construct confidence intervals for Malmquist TFP indices derived with DEA. It uses these results to investigate the productivity change in Polish agriculture during a crucial period of the country's transition to a market economy, 1996-2000, when Poland was preparing for accession to the European Union. The bias corrected estimates show regress in productivity at an annual rate of 4 percent. The confidence intervals suggest that between two-thirds and four-fifths of the sample farms (250) in different years might have experienced no change in productivity. The cluster analysis based on confidence bounds reveals three paths of productivity change. Farms which recorded an increase in productivity at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malmquist indices; Bootstrapping; Poland; Farms; Productivity change; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q12; C6.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24572

The Impact of Vertical Coordination on Supplier Access to Finance and Investments: Evidence from the Polish Dairy Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dries,   Liesbeth; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.
Agricultural credit and rural finance problems are important constraints on restructuring, investment, and thus on recovery and growth in transition countries. In this paper we study agricultural investments and financing in Polish agriculture. Our empirical evidence is based on a 2001 survey of both dairy producing rural households and dairy companies in the North-East of Poland. Dairy companies have played an important role in financial assistance, in particular for dairy-specific investments. In addition, they had an important indirect impact on farm activities and investments through feed supply, and loan guarantee programs.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poland; Dairy sector; Vertical coordination; Investments; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Q13; P33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24540

Dairy supply chain modernisation in Poland – what about those not keeping the pace?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falkowski,   Jan; Malak-Rawlikowska,   Agata; Milczarek-Andrzejewska,   Dominika.
Taking into consideration a significant outflow of Polish farmers from dairy sector, we investigate what factors determine their decision to quit milk sales. We also analyse their current revenues and compare with that of similar households that remained in commercial milk production. Using logit model we find that severing relations with the market is mainly determined by worse endowment of farms with dairy specific assets, smaller cow herds and older age of the farm manager. Based on semi-parametric matching methods we find that in terms of revenues farms that decided for subsistence milk production perform worse than those that maintained commercial dairy business. However, more detailed analysis shows that this difference could be attributed to supply...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Milk production; Dairy supply chain; Subsistence farming; Matching methods; Poland; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Q12; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52854

Returns from Income Strategies in Rural Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falkowski,   Jan; Jakubowski,   Maciej; Strawinski,   Pawel.
In order to stabilize and improve their income situation, rural households are strongly encouraged to diversify their activities both in and outside the agricultural sector. Most often, however, this phenomenon takes on only moderate proportions. This paper addresses issues of rural households’ income diversification in the case of Poland. It investigates returns from rural households’ income strategies using propensity score matching methods and extensive datasets spanning 1998-2008. Results suggest that returns from combining farm and off-farm activities were lower than returns from specialization, namely, concentrating on farming or on off-farm activities. Generally, farming seems to be the most attractive option for rural households and income...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income diversification; Rural areas; Propensity score matching; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; D31; O15; Q12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114364

Explaining differences in farms efficiencies in Polish agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. When the model is applied to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the potential production increases due to the reduction of inefficiency. Additionally, our findings provide evidence of the importance of input quality for efficiency analysis. Moreover, the results indicate that farm heterogeneity is a significant determinant of agricultural production. We found that differences in productivity between the farms can partly be attributed to farm size, degree of integration in the product markets and incurred transaction...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Firm heterogeneity; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; C23; D24; L23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51051

The Impact of SAPARD on the Behaviour of Farms and Food-Processing Enterprises in the Lodz Region
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bryla,   Pawel.
The paper aims to improve our knowledge about the impact of a new instrument of the rural development policy on the behaviour of farms and food-processing enterprises in the Lodz region in Poland. It seeks to explore the characteristic features of the agricultural holdings and their owners as well as agricultural processing businesses applying for financial support in the framework of an EU pre-accession fund. The research concerns 42 SAPARD applications submitted by farmers and 34 SAPARD applications submitted by foodprocessing enterprises during the first year of the programme implementation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Behaviour of farms; Behaviour of food-processing enterprises; Competitiveness; Investments; Market channel integration; Poland; SAPARD; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24419

Optimal Grain Marketing Revisited: A German and Polish Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Loy,   Jens-Peter; Pieniadz,   Agata.
Increasing grain price volatility over the last year has revived the discussion on optimal marketing strategies. Various models of optimal grain marketing have been proposed and simulated in the literature. In this study an overview on these models is presented and critical aspects are discussed. Optimal strategies are then applied to the wheat market in Germany and Poland. Results indicate that gains from optimal marketing are rather small and uncertain in the real world, indicating that scientific assistance might be of limited importance. However, an understanding of optimization and price generating processes is likely to improve farmers’ decisions, e.g. if farmers have additional (private) information to improve price forecasts.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Grain Marketing; Storage; Germany; Poland; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization; Marketing; Q13; D81; C15; C22.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51058

Classification of Agri-Tourism / Rural Tourism SMEs in Poland (on the Example of the Wielkopolska Region)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Przezborska,   Lucyna.
The paper is based on data from a questionnaire survey (interviews) conducted in the western part of Poland on 183 rural tourism and agri-tourism small and medium enterprises. The classification of enterprises was based on the methodology proposed by Wysocki (1996) and included the k-means clustering algorithm. As the result of the research three types of SMEs were separated, including the top resilient enterprises aimed mainly at tourism activity and usually connected with horse recreation, a cluster of mixed SMEs for which tourism activity was an additional and less important source of income, and a group of SMEs for which tourism activity was an additional but important source of income. The classification may be used as a hint for rural development...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-tourism; Rural tourism; SMEs; Rural development; Poland; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24670

The Use of Economic Incentives in Developing Countries: Lessons from International Experience with Industrial Air Pollution
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blackman,   Allen; Harrington,   Winston.
To what extent should developing countries eschew conventional command and control environmental regulation that is increasingly seen as inefficient and rely instead on economic incentives? This paper addresses this question as it pertains to industrial air pollution. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various economic incentive instruments, presents in-depth case studies of their application in Sweden, the United States, China, and Poland, and proposes a number of policy guidelines. We argue that both design deficiencies and pervasive constraints on monitoring and enforcement impede the effectiveness of economic instruments in developing countries. The latter are difficult to rectify, at least in the medium term. As a result, tradable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental policy; Economic incentives; Market-based instruments; Developing countries; Air pollution; Sweden; China; Poland; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; Q28.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10601

FARM INVESTMENT, CREDIT RATIONING, AND PUBLIC CREDIT POLICY IN POLAND: A MICROECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin.
The aim of this paper is to empirically analyse the effects of governmentally promoted credit access on the investment behaviour of credit rationed farmers. This is done by specifying an empirical investment equation which is estimated on a cross-sectional sample of Polish farm household data. In contrast to conventional neo-classical investment models, the investment equation contains the financial variable long-term credit access, which plays the central role in this study. The econometric analysis is used to analyse the determinants of credit access and estimate the marginal effect of credit on investment, which in turn provides the key information for policy evaluation. The results suggest that access to subsidised credit has a significant role in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm investment; Credit policy; Poland; Microeconometrics; Agricultural Finance; Q12; Q14; P32.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14872

Facing the future: strategies and investment behaviour of polish farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio; Majewski,   Edward; Raggi,   Meri; Viaggi,   Davide.
This paper analyses farm-household strategies and investment behaviour of Polish farmers with a particular focus on the perceived effects of CAP. The paper is based on a survey of Polish farmers carried out in 2006 on a sample of 63 farms. Farmers where selected in order to fit in the intersection of the following categories: different altitudes (plain/mountain); different specialisation (arable crops, livestock, fruit trees), different technology (conventional, organic). The survey includes information about farm and household structure, expectations, reaction to planned and intended investment, as well as about potential reforms such as decoupling of EU payments. Results show multifaceted expectations toward the future. The main objectives expressed by...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Common Agricultural Policy (CAP); Single Farm Payment (SFP); Decoupling; Impact analysis; Poland; Investment behaviour.; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7842

Evaluation of rural development programs after Poland’s accession to the EU: regional CGE approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zawalinska,   Katarzyna.
rural policy, pillar 2, Poland
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural development policy; Regional computable general equilibrium model; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q18; R13; H43; O1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51342

Marketing dynamics and management excellence.  The sources of successful internationalization of food processing company from transition economy (Case: MASPEX - Poland)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lawniczak-Goscinska,   Katarzyna.
The paper presents a case story of the fall and rise of the food industry in Poland's transition economy, illustrated with the example of one of its most successful companies. The author distinguishes three stages of the economic transition of Poland: · stage one, in which the Polish food processing industry collapsed, faced with fierce foreign competition after the implementation of a strategy of liberalization and privatization; · stage two (since late 1990s) when young, dynamic and relatively well- educated Polish entrepreneurs and managers not only started to regain the local market but also begun international expansion, intensifying exports, primarily to EU markets, · stage three, during which the internationalization took the form of FDI in the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poland; Food processing industry; Internationalization; Transition economy.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10096

New modes of governance of cooperative arrangements in agricultural markets: The case of Polish producer groups
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banaszak,   Ilona; Beckmann,   Volker.
The cooperative movement in Poland has a long but difficult history. The socialistic regime introduced a command and control system into cooperatives which was destructive to their self-governing functions and eventually led to a lack of member involvement. There was a mass neglecting and abandonment after the transformation in particular of rural cooperatives. Nonetheless, in the early 1990s the first farmers’ cooperative marketing organizations, called agricultural producer groups, appeared on the market. They are bottom-up, voluntary organizations whose main purpose is to jointly sell their members’ output Although producer groups functions similarly to marketing cooperatives, farmers establishing producer groups have been choosing other legal forms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Co-operatives; Governance; Organizational choice; Poland; Producer groups; Socialist legacy; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53269

The Determinants of Polish Farmers' Credit Interest Rates: Hedonic Price Analysis and Implications for Government Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Petrick,   Martin; Latruffe,   Laure.
Our micro-econometric analysis of agricultural credit market outcomes in Poland sheds new light on the relationship between contractual arrangements and interest rates. An innovative theoretical framework based on a hedonic market model is developed. We interpret the factors that influence interest rates as "quality" components of the credit contract. We use unique data including detailed information about Polish farmers' credit contracts. Both nominal interest rates and bank fees are considered. Results show that banks prefer liquid types of collateral, and care little about the loan's purpose. The effect of government subsidies on interest rates is small compared to the officially declared reduction of the nominal rate.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural finance; Credit policy; Hedonic regression; Micro-econometrics; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Financial Economics; Q12; Q14; P32.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24757

Changes in Competitiveness of Farm Sector in Candidate Countries Prior to the EU Accession: The Case of Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zawalinska,   Katarzyna.
Prior to the EU accession Polish agricultural sector was experiencing serious structural problems. Not surprisingly Polish agricultural negotiations with EU were the toughest. Polish officials wanted to convince domestic rural electorate that the farms will operate on the competitive basis in enlarged EU. This paper investigates, however, how the competitiveness has been evolving yet prior to the accession, given the strong pressures within which it had to operate. We asked if Polish farms were responsive to this pressure - that is whether they were able to increase their productivity sufficiently to counter negative forces at work and maintain their competitiveness. The research showed a gloomy picture of declining farm productivity together with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Competitiveness; Productivity; Farm sector; Transition; Poland; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24520

Re-evaluation of Welfare Changes during the Transition in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Johnson,   Stanley R.
The costs of shortages and rationing are not captured by standard consumer price  indices. Thus the change in real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is an  overestimate of welfare losses in transition economies. In this study virtual prices are  used to calculate new cost-of-living indices, making it possible to construct more accurate pre- and postreform welfare comparisons. The results for Poland using virtual  prices show a 62 to 84 percent decline in welfare over the transition period 1987 to 1992.  This welfare loss is approximately one-third the value obtained using actual prices.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Transition economy; Poland; Cost-of-living indices; Political Economy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18567

Financing Agri-Environmental Programs in Poland: The Importance of Regional Preferences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ziolkowska,   Jadwiga; Kirschke,   Dieter.
The main objective of the paper is to study the importance of regional preferences in financing agri-environmental programs. The analysis is based on results of a case study conducted in South-eastern Poland. As environmental protection in agriculture is complex and often considered in political strategies, it is worth analyzing the differences in perception of the respective environmental objectives from a regional perspective. Taking into account natural conditions and the economic situation in agriculture in the voivodship Podkarpackie, the question is, how regional objectives could be achieved effectively with a given budget. Using linear programming, we discuss in this paper, how regional preferences would guide budget allocation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental programs; Environmental objectives; Linear programming; Budget allocation; Poland; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q14; Q57; C6.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25658

IMPACTS OF ECONOMIC REFORM IN POLAND; INCIDENCE AND WELFARE CHANGES WITHIN A CONSISTENT FRAMEWORK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Huffman,   Sonya Kostova; Johnson,   Stanley R.
The costs of shortages/rationing are not captured by standard consumer price indices.  Thus the change in real GDP per capita is an over estimate of welfare losses in transition economies.  In this study, virtual prices are used to calculate new cost of living indices, making it possible to construct more accurate pre- and post-reform welfare comparisons.  The results for Poland using virtual prices show 62-84 percent decline in welfare over the transition 1987-92.  This welfare loss is approximately one-third the value obtained using actual prices.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rationing; Cost of living index; Transition economies; Poland; Political Economy.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18265

FÖRDERUNG DER ENTWICKLUNG DES LÄNDLICHEN RAUMES IN POLEN UND BAYERN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sroka,   Wojciech; Happe,   Kathrin.
This paper compares the polish Programme for Rural Development (PROW) and the Bavarian counterpart (BayZAL). The focus is on comparing objectives and Instruments. The different development axes are at the centre of the analysis. The two programmes differ with regard to funding. The programmes are based on differing philosophies concerning the funding of different measures. These are due to differences in economic development and the quality of the human capital in rural areas. Both programmes emphasise measures related to agriculture despite of the claim to target at the whole rural area.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Entwicklung ländlicher Räume; Vergleichende Analyse; Polen; Bayern; Rural development; Comparative analysis; Poland; Bavaria; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91904

Accession of the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland to the European Union: Impacts on Agricultural Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuller,   Frank H.; Beghin,   John C.; Fabiosa,   Jacinto F.; Mohanty,   Samarendu; Fang,   Cheng; Kaus,   Phillip J.
Using a world agricultural multimarket model, we analyze the consequences of enlargement of the European Union (EU) to include the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland for agricultural markets. We produce a market outlook through the year 2010 for two enlargement scenarios, which are based on different assumptions regarding the restrictions on grain and dairy production in the acceding countries. In both scenarios, accession of the three Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) leads to a permanent but moderate decrease in EU prices for virtually all commodities. For the three acceding CEECs, domestic prices increase dramatically. Their final consumption of agricultural products decreases in most instances, while production rises. Higher domestic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CAP; Economic integration; EU enlargement; Agricultural trade; Czech Republic; Hungary; Poland; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18388

Farm Heterogeneity and Efficiency in Polish Agriculture: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analysed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors, which affect the management input and requirements on farms.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Management; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7823

LOCAL PARTNERSHIP AS AN INCUBATOR FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF DEBRZNO, NORTH-WESTERN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramzow,   Andreas.
Since the beginning of the 1990s, the gap in economic development between rural and urban regions in Poland has continuously grown. Increasing income disparities and the lack of job opportunities have already led to an outflow of young people out of and an increasing obsolescence in rural areas. As successful examples in different Polish regions show, endogenous initiatives may have a lasting impact on the economic development of rural areas and are able to counter the mentioned effects. This paper presents the results of a case study which analyses endogenous initiatives in the commune Dêbrzno, Pomorskie voivodship, Poland. The case study results primarily rely on open interviews conducted with inhabitants, representatives of the local government, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural development; Endogenous initiative; Cooperation; Leader+; Poland; Community/Rural/Urban Development; J43; P32; R11.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14924

Transformation and its Impact on Structural Changes in Polish Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Przygodzka,   Renata; Dziemianowicz,   Ryta Iwona.
The following article analyses the structural changes of the Polish agriculture, which have been influenced by the transformation processes. These processes have been caused and influenced by phenomenas of a various scope and impact, but from the point of view of functioning of agricultural farming a few major factors may be outlined. Amongst the mentioned factors one can find: price decontrol and liberalisation, which have influenced the processes of price and agricultural products realisation, international trade realisation, which have ‘forced’ the increase of business competitiveness in the rural areas, liquidation of state owned and monopolized farming institutions, the lack of which has given those areas the push towards individualized...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Transformation; Structural changes(transformations); Agriculture; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7836

Young and Older Farmers’ Perception and Assessment of Government Agricultural Agencies in Poland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zawojska,   Aldona.
This article attempts to determine significance of differences among young and older farmers’ judgments on selected performance aspects of two EU paying agencies in Poland, namely Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture (ARMA) and Agricultural Market Agency (AMA). The survey across Poland was conducted in late 2006 on a total of 194 respondents. The Likert-scale questionnaires were used to obtain data responses regarding the performance of the agencies. The sampling unit was the individual farm, the respondent being the person in charge of managing the farm and being customer of both agencies. The following hypotheses were set up for the study: 1. The young and older farmers’ perceptions of the government agencies impact on economic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Government agencies; Farmers; Poland; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43941

Occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes in Polish soils
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Tumialis,Dorota; Pezowicz,Elżbieta; Skrzecz,Iwona; Mazurkiewicz,Anna; Maszewska,Justyna; Pietraszczyk,Joanna Jarmuł; Kucharska,Kornelia.
ABSTRACT: Entomopathogenic nematodes ( Steinernematidaeand  Heterorhabditidae) were studied in Polish soils according to the: season, habitat and altitude. In total, 167 soil samples were taken from 111 localities in Poland along north-south transect. Entomopathogenic nematodes were isolated from 53 soil samples (31.7%). Nematodes species were identified genetically from 16 samples, and in all other 37 samples nematodes were determined to the genus level. Three species of the genus Steinernema ( Steinernema kraussei, S. feltiae, S. carpocapsae) and one of the genus Heterorhabditis( Heterorhabditis megidis) were recorded.  Steinernema feltiaewas the most common species. There was not a significant association between the occurrence of nematodes and season...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Distribution; Steinernema; Heterorhabditis; Poland; Season; Habitat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016000701126