Consulta: subjectFacets:"Q30"
Registros recuperados: 19
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 07:16:22

Safe Minimum Standards in Dynamic Resource Problems -- Conditions for Living on the Edge of Risk
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Margolis,   Michael; Naevdal,   Eric.
Safe Minimum Standards (SMSs) have been advocated as a policy rule for environmental problems where uncertainty about risks and consequences are thought to be profound. This paper explores the rationale for such a policy within a dynamic framework and derives conditions for when SMSs can be summarily dismissed as a policy choice and for when SMSs can be defended as an optimal policy based on standard economic criteria. We have determined that these conditions can be checked with quite limited information about damages and risks. In order to analyze the SMSs in a dynamic setting, we have developed a method for solving optimal control problems where the state space is divided into risky and non-risky subsets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Safe minimum standards; Optimal control; Critical zone; Threshold effects; Mixed risk spaces; Risk and Uncertainty; C61; Q20; Q30.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10568

Economics of Natural Resource Scarcity: The State of the Debate
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Krautkraemer,   Jeffrey A.
Whether economic growth can be sustained in a finite natural world is one of the earliest and most enduring questions in economic literature. Even with unprecedented growth in human population and resource consumption, humans have been quite adept at finding solutions to the problem of scarce natural resources, particularly in response to signals of increased scarcity. Because environmental resources generally are not generally traded on markets, however, scarcity signals for these resources may be inadequate, and appropriate policy responses are difficult to implement and manage. In the debate over the economic scarcity of natural resources, one significant change in recent years has been a greater focus on the ecosystem services and the resource...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Natural resource scarcity; Environmental amenities; Resource substitution; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q01; Q10; Q20; Q30; Q40; Q50.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10562

How Far Can Poultry Litter Go? A New Technology for Litter Transport
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carreira,   Rita I.; Young,   Kenneth B.; Goodwin,   Harold L., Jr.; Wailes,   Eric J.
Exporting northwest Arkansas excess turkey and broiler litter to partially fertilize nutrient-deficient cropland in eastern Arkansas can be more cost effective than to supply all crop nutrients with chemical fertilizer only, given current high fertilizer prices.  Cost savings are greater if litter is baled in ultraviolet resistant plastic and transported via truck, since backhaul opportunities reduce truck rates, or alternatively, if raw litter is shipped via a truck-barge combination.  Rice is the crop that allows for greater savings according to a mathematical programming model implemented in General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS).
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Baling poultry litter; Barge transportation; Cost minimization; Manure management; Mathematical programming; Nutrient surplus; Poultry litter; Truck transportation; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; C61; C65; Q12; Q30; Q53.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37050

Conservation Value
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tisdell,   Clement A.
This paper outlines the significance of the concept of conservation value and discusses ways in which it is determined paying attention to views stemming from utilitarian ethics and from deontological ethics. The importance of user costs in relation to economic decisions about the conservation and use of natural resources is emphasised. Particular attention is given to competing views about the importance of conserving natural resources in order to achieve economic sustainability. This then lends to a discussion of the value of conserving natural resources in order to meet the moral obligations of present generations to future generations. Anthropogenic views of the value of conserving natural resources (for example, derived from utilitarian ethics) are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Anthropogenic values; Conservation value; Deontological ethics; Ecocentric values; Economic sustainability; Intergenerational equity; Natural resources; Neo-Malthusianism; Precautionary motive; Sustainability; Sustainable development; User costs; Utilitarian ethics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q01; Q20; Q30; Q50; Q51.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90879

Productivity Trends in the Natural Resource Industries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parry,   Ian W.H.
This paper examines multi-factor productivity trends in the U.S. petroleum, coal, copper and logging industries since 1970. Measures of multi-factor productivity growth are negative for all four industries during the 1970's. At the time this led to fears that stocks of natural resources were being exhausted, and this might hinder future economic growth. However in retrospect the 1970's look like an exceptional period, rather than marking a change in long run productivity trends. The decline in measured multi-factor productivity in that decade appear to be explained by a number of special factors that generally have a transitory rather than a permanent effect on productivity growth. For example, the rise in natural resource prices encouraged the entry of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Natural resources; Technological innovation; Depletion effect; Productivity Analysis; Q30; O30.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10585

Innovation, Productivity Growth, and the Survival of the U.S. Copper Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tilton,   John E.; Landsberg,   Hans H.
Mining is widely viewed as an old industry with mature and stable technologies. Companies and countries with the best deposits are the most productive and efficient producers. As these deposits are depleted, mining shifts to countries with the next best deposits. This tendency to exploit poorer quality ores tends to push productivity down and the prices of mineral commodities up over time. Copper mining in the United States, however, calls into question this conventional view. After leading the world in output for decades, the U.S. industry lost its ability to compete and suffered a major decline during the 1970s and early 1980s. In the face of predictions of complete collapse, it staged a remarkable revival, and today mines more copper than in 1970. A...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Copper industry; Productivity; Technological change; Comparative advantage; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q30; L72; O31; F14.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10534

Economic Efficiency of Short-Term Versus Long-Term Water Rights Buyouts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wheeler,   Erin A.; Golden,   Bill B.; Johnson,   Jeffrey W.; Peterson,   Jeffrey M.
Because of the decline of the Ogallala Aquifer, water districts, regional water managers, and state water officers are becoming increasingly interested in conservation policies. This study evaluates both short-term and long-term water rights buyout policies. This research develops dynamic production functions for the major crops in the Texas Panhandle. The production functions are incorporated into optimal temporal allocation models that project annual producer behavior, crop choices, water use, and aquifer declines over 60 years. Results suggest that long-term buyouts may be more economically efficient than short-term buyouts.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Dynamic production function; Nonlinear optimization; Ogallala Aquifer; Water rights buyout; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46987

Groundwater Policy Research: Collaboration with Groundwater Conservation Districts in Texas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   Jeffrey W.; Johnson,   Phillip N.; Guerrero,   Bridget L.; Weinheimer,   Justin; Amosson,   Stephen H.; Almas,   Lal K.; Golden,   Bill B.; Wheeler-Cook,   Erin.
The unique nature of the Ogallala Aquifer presents interesting and confounding problems for water policymakers who are coping with changing groundwater rules in Texas. The purpose of this article is to link previous efforts in water policy research for the Ogallala Aquifer in Texas with current collaborations that are ongoing with regional water planners. A chronological progression of economic water modeling efforts for the region is reviewed. The results of two recent collaborative studies are presented that provide estimates of impacts of alternative policies on groundwater saturated thickness, water use, net farm income, and regional economic activities.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Groundwater economics; Ogallala Aquifer; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q30; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117941

Les benefices et les couts economiques de l'exploitation des gaz de shale au Quebec
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gonzalez,   Patrick.
Ce texte presente une esquisse des elements quie devrait inclure une analyse couts-benefices de la pertinence de developper la filiere de l'extraction du gaz de shale au Quebec. This article offers a sketch of the components that should include a costs-benefits analysis of developing or not a shale gas industry in Quebec.
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Gaz de schiste; Analyse couts-benefices; Quebec; Shale gas; Costs-benefits analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q34; D61.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120264

Macroeconomic Impacts of Water Use in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weinheimer,   Justin; Wheeler-Cook,   Erin; Ethridge,   Don E.; Hudson,   Darren.
The recent/current recession provides the opportunity to study the effects of the macroeconomic changes on the agricultural production systems in the Great Plains and trace some of its impacts through the system to changes in primary inputs such water resource use.  Therefore, the objective of the study reported here was to determine the effects of the changes in macroeconomic conditions driven by the 2008 recession on irrigated crop production in a portion of the Southern Great Plains and its impacts on water use. The approach for the study was to: (1) use the 10-year baseline FAPRI projections, based on changes in macroeconomic conditions, of agricultural commodity prices and input costs between the beginning of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, and (2)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ogallala Aquifer; Recession; Macroeconomic; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; E00; Q15; Q30; Q31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56456

Comparing the Cost-Effectiveness of Water Conservation Policies in a Depleting Aquifer: A Dynamic Analysis of the Kansas High Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ding,   Ya; Peterson,   Jeffrey M.
This research analyzes two groundwater conservation policies in the Kansas High Plains located within the Ogallala aquifer: 1) cost-share assistance to increase irrigation efficiency; and 2) incentive payments to convert irrigated crop production to dryland crop production. To compare the cost-effectiveness of these two policies, a dynamic model simulated a representative irrigator’s optimal technology choice, crop selection, and irrigation water use over time. The results suggest that the overall water-saving effectiveness can be improved when different policy tools are considered under different conditions. High prevailing crop prices greatly reduce irrigators’ incentive to give up irrigation and therefore cause low enrollment and ineffectiveness of the...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Cost-share program; Incentive payments; Ogallala aquifer; Dynamic optimization; Groundwater conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q32; Q38.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123781

Prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Soren T.; Newell,   Richard G.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies remove carbon dioxide from flue gases for storage in geologic formations or the ocean. We find that CCS is technically feasible and economically attractive within the range of carbon policies discussed domestically and internationally. Current costs are about $200 to $250 per ton of carbon, although costs are sensitive to fuel prices and other assumptions and could be reduced significantly through technical improvements. Near-term prospects favor CCS for certain industrial sources and electric power plants, with storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Deep aquifers may provide an attractive longer-term storage option, whereas ocean storage poses greater technical and environmental uncertainty. Vast...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Capture; Storage; Sequestration; Climate change; Technology; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q40; O30.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10879

Natural Resource Management, Food Security and Rural Development in Zambia: Moving From Research to Action
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simasiku,   Phyllis; Chapoto,   Antony; Richardson,   Robert B.; Sichilongo,   Mwape; Tembo,   Gelson; Weber,   Michael T.; Zulu,   Alimakio.
More effective policies are needed to improve access and secure rights to land  and other natural resources for various stakeholders, particularly smallholder  farmers. Service delivery at all levels of governance needs to be restructured and strengthened in order to promote and improve economic development and management of natural resources in both open and protected areas. New strategies are needed for protecting and developing natural resource areas based on appropriate resource management systems that promote broad-based participation and sharing of benefits, and offer potential for more effective  community-based natural resource management. Improvements are needed in natural resource policy and law review processes in order to take better advantage...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Zambia; Food security; Rural development; Natural resource management; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q16; Q18; Q27; Q30.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58543

Bush Meets Hotelling: Effects of Improved Renewable Energy Technology on Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoel,   Michael.
Replaced with revised version of paper 02/20/09.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Exhaustible Resources; Renewable Energy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q42; Q5.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47175

Testing Choice Experiment for Benefit Transfer
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Colombo,   Sergio; Calatrava-Requena,   Javier; Conzalex-Roa,   M.C.
Benefit transfer is a cost-effective method for estimating the value of environmental goods that relies on information obtained in previous studies. The multi-attribute approach of choice experiment should provide advantages in terms of benefit transfer allowing differences in environmental improvements between sites as well as differences in socio-economic and attitude characteristics between respondent populations. Furthermore, choice experiment allows the estimation of implicit prices and the welfare change for many scenarios. If the transferability of these values is confirmed, that would be good news for benefit transfer practitioners. This paper investigates the capability of choice experiment method to be used in environmental benefit transfer.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Benefit transfer; Soil erosion; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q30.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24747

Adoption of Resource Conservation Technologies in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India: Scouting for Profitability and Efficiency
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Singh,   N.P.; Singh,   R.P.; Kumar,   Ranjit; Vashist,   A.K.; Khan,   Farida; Varghese,   Nisha.
This study has evaluated the superiority of resource conservation technologies (RCTs) over conventional methods of cultivation and has identified the factors influencing adoption of these technologies. It has provided succinct evidences from four states — Bihar, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh — by comparing the adopters and non-adopters of RCTs in the rice-wheat cropping system of the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. The study has highlighted superiority of RCTs over the conventional practices in terms of cost saving and efficient inputs-use. However, there is a need to internalize the RCTs in their totality by applying plans and strategies based on local dynamics. The study has suggested the need of policy formulations for dissemination and wider...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Resource conservation technologies; Economic efficiency; DEA approach; RCTs; Indo-Gangetic Plains; Wheat; Rice; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q30; Q34; Q32.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109410

Subsurface Drip Irrigation Versus Center-Pivot Sprinkler for Applying Swine Effluent to Corn
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carreira,   Rita I.; Stoecker,   Arthur L.; Epplin,   Francis M.; Hattey,   Jeffory A.; Kizer,   Michael A.
A risk-averse irrigated corn producer would be better off choosing the more expensive subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) over center-pivot sprinkler (CPS), given limited aquifer life and swine effluent and urea fertilization. A stochastic optimization using EPIC data maximized expected utility of 100 years' worth of net revenues for a quarter section. Phosphorus accumulation was more likely with the CPS than with the SDI but soil nitrogen was constant under both systems. SDI conserves more water than CPS per acre but depletes the aquifer faster because a greater area is irrigated. These results were invariant in the sensitivity analysis.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Aquifer depletion; Center-pivot sprinkler irrigation; Certainty equivalent; Corn irrigation; Mathematical programming; Risk; Stochastic optimization; Subsurface drip irrigation; Crop Production/Industries; C61; C65; Q12; Q30; Q53.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43783

Effectiveness of Two Water Conservation Policies: An Integrated Modeling Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Das,   Biswa R.; Willis,   David B.; Johnson,   Jeffrey W.
Agriculture in the Texas High Plains depends entirely on the Ogallala Aquifer. Texas enacted water conservation legislation to address declining reserves in the aquifer. We developed an integrated regional water policy model that links a hydrology model with an economic optimization model to estimate policy impacts with respect to economic cost and water conservation. Testing the effectiveness of two policies, a groundwater extraction tax and extraction quotas, we observe that neither significantly inhibits groundwater use. Although both policies conserve similar amounts of groundwater, the regional cost of the tax policy to agriculture is more than the quota policy.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Integrated regional water policy model; Texas High Plains; Water conservation policy; Hydrology model; Economic optimization model; Ogallala Aquifer; Tax policy; Quota policy; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Q30; Q31; Q38.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100523

Environmental Issues in Animal Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abdalla,   Charles W.; Lawton,   Jennifer L.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q0; F2; Q25; Q30; R52.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94386