Consulta: subjectFacets:"Road ecology"
Registros recuperados: 15
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 04:25:51

Effects of Roads and Traffic on Wildlife Populations and Landscape Function: Road Ecology is Moving toward Larger Scales
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van der Ree, Rodney; University of Melbourne; rvdr@unimelb.edu.au; van der Grift, Edgar A.; Alterra, Wageningen UR, Netherlands; edgar.vandergrift@wur.nl; Clevenger, Anthony P.; Western Transportation Institute, Montana State University, USA; apclevenger@gmail.com.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Animal movement; Animal-vehicle collisions; Barrier effect; Ecological threshold; Gene flow; Habitat fragmentation; Mitigation; Population viability analysis; Road ecology; Road-effect zone; Traffic mortality; Traffic noise; Traffic volume; Transportation planning.
Ano: 2011

Citizen, Science, Highways, and Wildlife: Using a Web-based GIS to Engage Citizens in Collecting Wildlife Information
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lee, Tracy; University of Calgary; tracy@rockies.ca; Quinn, Michael S; University of Calgary; quinn@ucalgary.ca; Duke, Danah; University of Calgary; danah@rockies.ca.
Road Watch in the Pass is a citizen-science project that engages local citizens in reporting wildlife observations along a 44-km stretch of Highway 3 through Crowsnest Pass in southwestern Alberta, Canada.  The numbers of wildlife vehicle collisions and a recent proposal to expand the highway have raised concerns from both human safety and wildlife conservation perspectives. Through the use of a web-based GIS, interested citizens can contribute information that will be instrumental in making final decisions concerning measures to mitigate the effects of highway expansion. Currently, 58 people have contributed over 713 observations to Road Watch.  We performed a preliminary comparison of 11 months of Road Watch observations and wildlife mortality data for...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Citizen science; Crowsnest Pass; Highways; Road ecology; Transportation; Web-based GIS; Wildlife-vehicle collisions.
Ano: 2006

Road Zone Effects in Small-Mammal Communities
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Bissonette, John A.; USGS Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Wildlands Resources, College of Natural Resources, Utah State University; john.bissonette@usu.edu; Rosa, Silvia A.; USGS-Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Wildlands Resources, College of Natural Resources, Utah State University; silviarosa2007@gmail.com.
Our study focused on the putative effects of roads on small-mammal communities in a high desert region of southern Utah. Specifically, we tested whether or not roads create adjacent zones characterized by lower small- mammal densities, abundance, and diversity. We sampled abundance of small mammals at increasing distances from Interstate 15 during two summers. We recorded 11 genera and 13 species. We detected no clear abundance, density, or diversity effects relative to distance from the road. Only two of 13 species  were never captured near roads. The abundance of the remaining 11 small mammal species was either similar at different distances from the road or higher closer to the road. We conclude that although roads may act as barriers and possible...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Density; Desert; Habitat quality; Road ecology; Species abundance; Utah; Vertebrate abundance.
Ano: 2009

Impacts of Traffic Noise and Traffic Volume on Birds of Roadside Habitats
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Parris, Kirsten M.; School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Australia; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Australia; k.parris@unimelb.edu.au; Schneider, Angela; Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Australia; angelas@unimelb.edu.au.
Roadside habitats are important for a range of taxa including plants, insects, mammals, and birds, particularly in developed countries in which large expanses of native vegetation have been cleared for agriculture or urban development. Although roadside vegetation may provide suitable habitat for many species, resident animals can be exposed to high levels of traffic noise, visual disturbance from passing vehicles, and the risk of collision with cars and trucks. Traffic noise can reduce the distance over which acoustic signals such as song can be detected, an effect known as acoustic interference or masking. Studies from the northern hemisphere show that the singing behavior of birds changes in the presence of traffic noise. We investigated the impact of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Acoustic interference; Ambient noise; Bioacoustics; Conservation biology; Road ecology; Signal design; Traffic noise; Vocal communication.
Ano: 2009

Evidence that a Highway Reduces Apparent Survival Rates of Squirrel Gliders
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: McCall, Sarah C; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology; School of Botany, University of Melbourne;; McCarthy, Michael A; School of Botany, University of Melbourne; mamcca@unimelb.edu.au; van der Ree, Rodney; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology; School of Botany, University of Melbourne; rvdr@unimelb.edu.au; Harper, Michael J; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology; Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria;; Cesarini, Silvana; School of Biological Scienes, Monash University;; Soanes, Kylie; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology;.
Roads and traffic are prominent components of most landscapes throughout the world, and their negative effects on the natural environment can extend for hundreds or thousands of meters beyond the road. These effects include mortality of wildlife due to collisions with vehicles, pollution of soil and air, modification of wildlife behavior in response to noise, creation of barriers to wildlife movement, and  establishment of dispersal conduits for some plant and animal species. In southeast Australia, much of the remaining habitat for the squirrel glider, Petaurus norfolcensis, is located in narrow strips of Eucalyptus woodland that is adjacent to roads and streams, as well as in small patches of woodland vegetation that is farther from roads. We evaluated...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Australia; Emigration; Mortality; Population persistence; Road ecology; Squirrel glider; Survival.
Ano: 2010

Frogs Call at a Higher Pitch in Traffic Noise
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Parris, Kirsten M; University of Melbourne; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne; k.parris@unimelb.edu.au; Velik-Lord, Meah; University of Melbourne; meah@unimelb.edu.au; North, Joanne M. A.; University of Melbourne; fflojjo@yahoo.com.
Male frogs call to attract females for mating and to defend territories from rival males. Female frogs of some species prefer lower-pitched calls, which indicate larger, more experienced males. Acoustic interference occurs when background noise reduces the active distance or the distance over which an acoustic signal can be detected. Birds are known to call at a higher pitch or frequency in urban noise, decreasing acoustic interference from low-frequency noise. Using Bayesian linear regression, we investigated the effect of traffic noise on the pitch of advertisement calls in two species of frogs, the southern brown tree frog (Litoria ewingii) and the common eastern froglet (Crinia signifera). We found evidence that L. ewingii calls at a higher pitch in...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Acoustic interference; Ambient noise; Amphibian decline; Animal behavior; Bioacoustics; Road ecology; Signal design; Traffic noise; Urban ecology; Vocal communication; Litoria ewingii; Crinia signifera.
Ano: 2009

The Rauischholzhausen Agenda for Road Ecology
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Roedenbeck, Inga A.; University of Giessen; inga.roedenbeck@agrar.uni-giessen.de; Fahrig, Lenore; Carleton University; lenore_fahrig@carleton.ca; Findlay, C. Scott; University of Ottawa; sfindlay@science.uottawa.ca; Houlahan, Jeff E; University of New Brunswick at Saint John; jeffhoul@unbsj.ca; Jaeger, Jochen A. G.; Concordia University; jochen.jaeger@env.ethz.ch; Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie; UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle; stephanie.kramer@ufz.de; van der Grift, Edgar A; ALTERRA Wageningen; edgar.vandergrift@wur.nl.
Despite the documented negative effects of roads on wildlife, ecological research on road effects has had comparatively little influence on road planning decisions. We argue that road research would have a larger impact if researchers carefully considered the relevance of the research questions addressed and the inferential strength of the studies undertaken. At a workshop at the German castle of Rauischholzhausen we identified five particularly relevant questions, which we suggest provide the framework for a research agenda for road ecology: (1) Under what circumstances do roads affect population persistence? (2) What is the relative importance of road effects vs. other effects on population persistence? (3) Under what circumstances can road effects be...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Road ecology; Research agenda; Experimental design; Hierarchy of study designs; Methodological standard; Before-after-control-impact design; Before-after design; Control-impact design; Inferential strength; Weight of evidence; Uncertainty; Landscape scale; Extrapolation; Population persistence; Road networks; Road effects; Mitigation; Decision making.
Ano: 2007

Modeling the Effect of Traffic Calming on Local Animal Population Persistence
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van Langevelde, Frank; Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University; frank.vanlangevelde@wur.nl; Jaarsma, Catharinus F.; Land Use Planning Group, Wageningen University; rinus.jaarsma@wur.nl.
A steady growth in traffic volumes in industrialized countries with dense human populations is expected, especially on minor roads. As a consequence, the fragmentation of wildlife populations will increase dramatically. In human-dominated landscapes, typically minor roads occur in high densities, and animals encounter them frequently. Traffic calming is a new approach to mitigate negative impacts by reducing traffic volumes and speeds on minor roads at a regional scale. This leads to a distinction between roads with low volumes as being part of the traffic-calmed area, whereas roads with bundled traffic are located around this area. Within the traffic-calmed area, volumes and speeds can be decreased substantially; this is predicted to decrease the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Habitat fragmentation; Metapopulation theory; Mitigation; Road ecology; Traffic calming; Transportation planning.
Ano: 2009

Piloting a Non-Invasive Genetic Sampling Method for Evaluating Population-Level Benefits of Wildlife Crossing Structures
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Clevenger, Anthony P; Western Transportation Institute, Montana State University; apclevenger@gmail.com; Sawaya, Michael A; Department of Ecology, Montana State University; mikesawaya@hotmail.com.
Intuitively, wildlife crossing structures should enhance the viability of wildlife populations. Previous research has demonstrated that a broad range of species will use crossing structures, however, questions remain as to whether these measures actually provide benefits to populations. To assess this, studies will need to determine the number of individuals using crossings, their sex, and their genetic relationships. Obtaining empirical data demonstrating population-level benefits for some species can be problematic and challenging at best. Molecular techniques now make it possible to identify species, individuals, their sex, and their genetic relatedness from hair samples collected through non-invasive genetic sampling (NGS). We describe efforts to pilot...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Banff National Park; DNA; Genetics; Non-invasive; Road ecology; Ursus americanus; Ursus arctos; Wildlife crossing structure.
Ano: 2010

Wildlife Tunnel Enhances Population Viability
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van der Ree, Rodney; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne; rvdr@unimelb.edu.au; Heinze, Dean; Department of Primary Industries and Water; Dean.Heinze@dpiw.tas.gov.au; McCarthy, Michael; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology; mamcca@unimelb.edu.au; Mansergh, Ian; Department of Sustainability and Environment; ian.mansergh@dse.vic.gov.au.
Roads and traffic are pervasive components of landscapes throughout the world: they cause wildlife mortality, disrupt animal movements, and increase the risk of extinction. Expensive engineering solutions, such as overpasses and tunnels, are increasingly being adopted to mitigate these effects. Although some species readily use such structures, their success in preventing population extinction remains unknown. Here, we use population viability modeling to assess the effectiveness of tunnels for the endangered Mountain Pygmy-possum (Burramys parvus) in Australia. The underpasses reduced, but did not completely remove, the negative effects of a road. The expected minimum population size of a &amp;#8220;reconnected&amp;#8221; population remained 15% lower...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Barrier effect; Burramys; Population-level impacts; Population viability analysis; Road ecology; Underpass; Wildlife crossing structure.
Ano: 2009

Beyond Roadkill, Radiotracking, Recapture and FST&amp;#8212;a Review of Some Genetic Methods to Improve Understanding of the Influence of Roads on Wildlife
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Simmons, Jody M; Monash University; Australian Centre for Biodiversity; jodymichellesimmons@yahoo.com.au; Sunnucks, Paul; Monash University; Australian Centre for Biodiversity; paul.sunnucks@sci.monash.edu.au; Taylor, Andrea C; Monash University; Australian Centre for Biodiversity; andrea.taylor@sci.monash.edu.au; van der Ree, Rodney; Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne; rvdr@unimelb.edu.au.
Habitat fragmentation continues to occur despite increasing evidence of its adverse effects on ecosystems. One of the major detrimental effects of roads and traffic is the creation of barriers or filters to the movement of wildlife, ultimately disconnecting some populations. Our understanding of the extent to which roads reduce the movement of biota is mostly based on field-based observational methods of inferring animal movement, and to a much smaller extent, on allele frequency-based genetic analyses. Field-based methods, as it is typically feasible to apply them, tend to be informative at fine temporal and spatial scales. Allele frequency-based genetic methods are informative at broad geographic scales but at timescales usually greater than recent...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Barrier; Dispersal; Gene flow; Genotypic analyses; Habitat fragmentation; Road ecology.
Ano: 2010

On a collision course: the vulnerability of bats to roadkills in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 81
Autores: Novaes,Roberto Leonan M; Laurindo,Rafael S; Dornas,Rubem A. P; Esbérard,Carlos Eduardo L; Bueno,Cecília.
In Brazil, studies on roadkills are recent and usually restricted to lists of species found at some road stretch. Among mammals, medium- and large-sized species have received greater attention. The present study aimed at presenting the first list of bat roadkills in Brazil, including comments on the traits that may cause roadkills. We recorded 415 deaths from 44 species of seven families in all Brazilian biomes. We did not observe a relationship between body size or type of flight with the number of bat-vehicle collisions. Frugivore was the trophic guild most victimized, possibly due to greater natural abundance, foraging in low height airspace, and capacity to make long-distance movements. The elevated number of species recorded indicates that these roads...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Conservation; Road ecology; Urbanization impact; Vehicle collisions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-93832018000100011

Wild vertebrate roadkill in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Central Brazil
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Braz,Vívian da Silva; França,Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues.
Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park is one of the most important protected areas of the Brazilian Cerrado and is inhabited by diverse species, but the area has seldom been studied. From 2006 to 2008, we studied the impact of roads on wild vertebrates by recording roadkill on the two main roads located in the vicinity of the park. Of 824 killed vertebrates belonging to 138 species that were recorded, the species that were found most often in each vertebrate group were the Schneider's toad (Rhinella schneideri), the grassland sparrow (Ammodramus humeralis), the yellow-toothed cavy (Galea flavidens), and the marbled lancehead (Bothrops marmoratus). The roadkill rate was 0.096 animals km-1. Vertebrate mortality was significantly higher during the wet season....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Road ecology; Protected areas; Conservation; Cerrado.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032016000100101

Do we underestimate the impact of roads on arboreal animals? Roadkill as an important threat to Chaetomys subspinosus (Mammalia: Rodentia)
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Srbek-Araujo,Ana Carolina; Alvarenga,Aline de Castro; Bertoldi,Ariane Teixeira.
Abstract: The Thin-spined Porcupine (Chaetomys subspinosus) is a medium-sized and mainly arboreal rodent, endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, and threatened with extinction. Habitat loss, hunting, forest fires, agriculture and livestock are threats identified for the species. Here we raise the alert to the impact of roads on remaining populations of C. subspinosus based on roadkill records from the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Mortality due to roadkill is likely to impact C. subspinosus in different regions of the state, and is a widespread problem, not unique to a single location or population. The pattern of roadkills in the studied regions suggest that the species is more susceptible to collisions with vehicles in the breeding...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Forest; Protected areas; Road ecology; Thin-spined Porcupine.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032018000300501

Priority ranking of road sites for mitigating wildlife roadkill
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Bager,Alex; Rosa,Clarissa Alves da.
We propose a ranking index to assign priorities to sites for implementation of measures to mitigate wildlife roadkill. We conducted a case study along 34 km of highway BR 392 in Southern Brazil. We compared priority sites established only according to roadkill rates, with those defined by our index. The index used four parameters: the richness of target species, diversity of roadkilled species, roadkill rate of target species, and presence of endangered species. Although it is impossible to protect the entire community of vertebrates affected by roadkill, we defined nine target species, five mammals and four reptiles. For each parameter, we defined coefficients ranging between 0 and 3. There was a significant change in the priorities of sites for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Decision-making; Ranking index; Mitigation; Road ecology; Roadkill.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032010000400020