Consulta: subjectFacets:"Rural"
Registros recuperados: 61
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 04:22:34

Propuesta metodológica de evaluación integral de procesos educativos con enfoque sustentable aplicada en tres grupos de productores agrícolas de la región central del estado de Veracruz.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Aguas Rendón, Teresa.
El abandono de proyectos es uno de los problemas que enfrentan las instituciones de promoción rural en México. Las experiencias con mayor permanencia, han tenido como elementos de éxito la aplicación del enfoque participativo (EP). Desde el paradigma de la sustentabilidad, se requieren propuestas Metodológicas de Evaluación Integral que analicen los procesos educativos y organizativos de grupos. Por tanto, el objetivo de la investigación fue conocer el Grado de Autogestión (GA) que promueven los procesos educativos con enfoque sustentable en los grupos de productores agrícolas de la región central del estado de Veracruz en relación a la aplicación del EP y la integración de los Componentes del proyecto (Cp): tecnología, organización, capacitación y...
Palavras-chave: Autogestión; Participación; Empoderamiento; Campesino; Rural; Self-management; Participation; Empowerment; Peasant; Rural; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/546

Identificación de factores resilientes en micro y pequeñas empresas rurales. Seis casos de estudio: empresas del Municipio de Ziracuaretiro en el estado de Michoacán, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Cordero Cortés, Patricia.
Las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (MIPyMES) son unidades de importancia económica y social por su desempeño y por los beneficios que generan. Aún así las empresas enfrentan situaciones adversas como falta de recursos económicos y tecnológicos, la inseguridad y la desintegración de su equipo de trabajo. Algunas desarrollan capacidades y habilidades que les permiten continuar; de aquí se desprende el concepto de resiliencia. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es Identificar los factores socioculturales y organizacionales que permiten a las micro y pequeñas empresas rurales ser resilientes y adaptarse ante los entornos de incertidumbre a fin de continuar en la dinámica del mercado. El análisis de los factores resilientes socioculturales y de la...
Palavras-chave: Empresa rural; Rendrus; Resiliencia; Sistema; Red social; Enterprise; Network system; Resilience; Rural; Social; Desarrollo rural; Maestría.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1991

Propuesta metodológica de evaluación integral de procesos educativos con enfoque sustentable aplicada en tres grupos de productores agrícolas de la región central del estado de Veracruz.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Aguas Rendón, Teresa.
El abandono de proyectos es uno de los problemas que enfrentan las instituciones de promoción rural en México. Las experiencias con mayor permanencia, han tenido como elementos de éxito la aplicación del enfoque participativo (EP). Desde el paradigma de la sustentabilidad, se requieren propuestas Metodológicas de Evaluación Integral que analicen los procesos educativos y organizativos de grupos. Por tanto, el objetivo de la investigación fue conocer el Grado de Autogestión (GA) que promueven los procesos educativos con enfoque sustentable en los grupos de productores agrícolas de la región central del estado de Veracruz en relación a la aplicación del EP y la integración de los Componentes del proyecto (Cp): tecnología, organización, capacitación y...
Palavras-chave: Autogestión; Participación; Empoderamiento; Campesino; Rural; Self-management; Participation; Empowerment; Peasant; Rural; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/546

Comportamiento y formas de organización de la maquila agrícola en una región de agricultura altamente tecnificada
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Palacios Rangel, María Isabel.
La contratación en el valle de Culiacán, Sinaloa, de los servicios de mecanización, mejor conocida  con el nombre de maquila agrícola, es una actividad utilizada por un sector significativo de  productores agrícolas, tanto los de tipo empresarial como los de carácter campesino. Así, si bien  los grandes productores generalmente poseen maquinaria, algunos utilizan la maquila  regularmente, ampliándose el número de contratantes de los servicios de maquila agrícola entre  los medianos y, aún más, entre los pequeños productores, aunque sea en actividades mínimas y  puntuales dentro del ciclo agrícola. La maquila agrícola se presenta como un mecanismo de  integración de los productores al mercado, el cual les obliga a operar su escala productiva. Para...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Territorio; Rural; Modernidad; Culiacán; Maquila; Doctorado; Desarrollo rural; Capacitación agrícola; Sector agrario; Características morfológicas del suelo; Complejos agroindustriales; Agroindustria; Maquinaría para manejo del suelo; Land; Modernity.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1259

Participación de mujeres en proyectos productivos y cambios en las relaciones de género y las identidades masculinas y femeninas, en Tetela de Ocampo, Puebla
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arellano Abasolo, Antonio.
En México recientemente, se han impulsado programas de desarrollo, dirigidos al medio rural, debido a que es ahí donde se encuentran más acentuados los problemas de pobreza y marginación. En algunos de éstos  programas se dirigen apoyos a grupos de mujeres organizados. El objetivo de la  investigación fue conocer y analizar los cambios percibidos en las relaciones de  género e identidades  de hombres y mujeres asociados a la participación de éstas en tres proyectos productivos. Los cuales se ubican en las comunidades de Tetela y San Nicolás, en el municipio de Tetela de Ocampo y, en el  municipio de Cuautempan, en la Sierra Norte de Puebla. La población participante en el estudio es mestiza y del grupo étnico náhuatl. En la metodología empleada se incluyen...
Palavras-chave: Género; Identidad; Etnia; Masculinidad; Desarrollo rural Gender; Identity; Masculinity; Development; Rural; Indigenous.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/832

Participación de mujeres en proyectos productivos y cambios en las relaciones de género y las identidades masculinas y femeninas, en Tetela de Ocampo, Puebla
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arellano Abasolo, Antonio.
En México recientemente, se han impulsado programas de desarrollo, dirigidos al medio rural, debido a que es ahí donde se encuentran más acentuados los problemas de pobreza y marginación. En algunos de éstos  programas se dirigen apoyos a grupos de mujeres organizados. El objetivo de la  investigación fue conocer y analizar los cambios percibidos en las relaciones de  género e identidades  de hombres y mujeres asociados a la participación de éstas en tres proyectos productivos. Los cuales se ubican en las comunidades de Tetela y San Nicolás, en el municipio de Tetela de Ocampo y, en el  municipio de Cuautempan, en la Sierra Norte de Puebla. La población participante en el estudio es mestiza y del grupo étnico náhuatl. En la metodología empleada se incluyen...
Palavras-chave: Género; Identidad; Etnia; Masculinidad; Desarrollo rural Gender; Identity; Masculinity; Development; Rural; Indigenous.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/850

Participación de mujeres en proyectos productivos y cambios en las relaciones de género y las identidades masculinas y femeninas, en Tetela de Ocampo, Puebla
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arellano Abasolo, Antonio.
En México recientemente, se han impulsado programas de desarrollo, dirigidos al medio rural, debido a que es ahí donde se encuentran más acentuados los problemas de pobreza y marginación. En algunos de éstos  programas se dirigen apoyos a grupos de mujeres organizados. El objetivo de la  investigación fue conocer y analizar los cambios percibidos en las relaciones de  género e identidades  de hombres y mujeres asociados a la participación de éstas en tres proyectos productivos. Los cuales se ubican en las comunidades de Tetela y San Nicolás, en el municipio de Tetela de Ocampo y, en el  municipio de Cuautempan, en la Sierra Norte de Puebla. La población participante en el estudio es mestiza y del grupo étnico náhuatl. En la metodología empleada se incluyen...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Género; Identidad; Etnia; Masculinidad; Desarrollo rural; Maestría; EDAR; Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional; Gender; Identity; Masculinity; Development; Rural; Indigenous.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1223

Value of traditional oral narratives in building climate-change resilience: insights from rural communities in Fiji
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Janif, Shaiza Z.; Research Office, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; shaiza.janif@usp.ac.fj; Nunn, Patrick D.; Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; pnunn@usc.edu.au; Geraghty, Paul; School of Language, Arts and Media, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; Department of Linguistics, University of New England, New South Wales, Australia; paul.geraghty@usp.ac.fj; Aalbersberg, William; Institute of Applied Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; william.aalbersberg@usp.ac.fj; Thomas, Frank R.; Oceania Centre for Arts, Culture and Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji Islands; frank.r.thomas@usp.ac.fj; Camailakeba, Mereoni; Fiji Museum, Suva, Fiji Islands; camailakeba@gmail.com.
In the interests of improving engagement with Pacific Island communities to enable development of effective and sustainable adaptation strategies to climate change, we looked at how traditional oral narratives in rural/peripheral Fiji communities might be used to inform such strategies.  Interviews were undertaken and observations made in 27 communities; because the custodians of traditional knowledge were targeted, most interviewees were 70-79 years old.  The view that oral traditions, particularly those referring to environmental history and the observations/precursors of environmental change, were endangered was widespread and regretted.  Interviewees&amp;#8217; personal experiences of extreme events (natural disasters) were commonplace but no...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Climate change; Community; Fiji; Oral traditions; Pacific Islands; Resilience; Rural.
Ano: 2016

Relações sociais no meio rural na era da informação: um estudo na comunidade rural de Vila Tigre - Xaxim/SC
Provedor de dados: 194
Autores: Sanssanoviez, Andressa; Marini, Marcos Junior; Perondi, Miguel Ângelo.
Estudos demonstram que nos últimos anos as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) estão transformando o mundo em diversos aspectos, principalmente hábitos e costumes. Essas tecnologias permitem a interação em rede e a construção compartilhada do saber em uma velocidade nunca antes vista. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender se as TICs fortalecem ou tornam frágeis as relações sociais, incluindo a confiança, solidariedade e cooperação no meio rural. Este estudo foi realizado na comunidade de Vila Tigre, localizada no município de Xaxim/SC. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de entrevista semiestruturada, realizada com representantes de grupos sociais existentes no local. O estudo demonstrou que as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação estão...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação; TICs; Relações sociais; Rural.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://periodicos.ufsm.br/extensaorural/article/view/35914

A economia de ser pobre.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SCHULTZ, T. W.
Erro dos economistas; A terra e superestimada; A qualidade dos agentes humanos e subestimada; Empresários; A inevitabilidade dos desequilíbrios; Conquista na melhoria qualitativa da população; Investimentos na saúde, na educação.
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Rural; Agricola; Food; Quality; Alimentação; Alimento; Agricultura; Baixa Renda; Educação; Pobreza; Qualidade; Saúde; Agriculture; Education; Rural poverty; Small farms.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/83628

A difusão de tecnologia no CNP-Algodão.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BARREIRO NETO, M.; FREIRE, E. C.
bitstream/item/65793/1/A-difusao-de-tecnologia-no-CNPA.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Difusão; Adoção; Extensão; Rural; CNPA; Diflusion; Adaption; Extension; Agricultural.; Tecnologia.; Technology.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/262411

Produção de sementes através de associações: uma alternativa para os pequenos produtores.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SOARES, D. M.; BRAGANTINI, C.; PEREIRA, G. V.; GANDOLFI, L. C.
Tem por objetivo divulgar técnicas de produção de sementes voltadas aos pequenos produtores e as associações, esperando que a família rural, contando com a orientação técnica e o acompanhamento da Emater, obtenha ganhos de produção e maior retorno socioeconômico.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Associação; Rural; Pequeno; Familiar.; Agricultura; Cerrado; Produtor; Produção; Semente.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/205129

FabAV antivenin use after copperhead snakebite: clinically indicated or knee-jerk reaction?
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Gale,Stephen C.; Peters,Jo Ann; Allen,LaDonna; Creath,Robert; Dombrovskiy,Viktor Y.
Abstract  Background  Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (Ovine) (FabAV) antivenin is commonly recommended after pit viper snakebites. Because copperhead envenomations are usually self-limited, some physicians are reluctant to use this costly treatment routinely, while others follow a more liberal approach. We hypothesized that, in practice, only patients with evidence of significant (moderate or severe) copperhead envenomation [those with snakebite severity score (SSS) &gt; 3] receive FabAV and examined a large cohort to determine the relationship between clinical findings and FabAV administration.  Methods  All data from patients evaluated for copperhead snakebite at a rural tertiary referral center from 5/2002 to 10/2013 were compiled. Demographics,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Copperhead; Venomous snakebite; Antivenin; FabAV; Rural.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100302

ON THE EMPIRICAL FINDING OF A HIGHER RISK OF POVERTY IN RURAL AREAS: IS RURAL RESIDENCE ENDOGENOUS TO POVERTY?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.
Research shows households are more likely to be poor in rural versus urban America. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who choose rural residence have unmeasured attributes related to human impoverishment? To address this, two models are estimated using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data. A single equation Probit model of household poverty replicates the well-documented finding of higher poverty risk in rural places. However, a two-stage instrumental variables approach accounting for residential choice finds no measured effect of rural location on poverty. Results suggest failure to correct for endogenous rural residence leads to over-estimation of the "rural effect".
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Endogeneity; Households; Instrumental variables; Poverty; Rural; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18917

Rural Broadband At A Glance, 2009 Edition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stenberg,   Peter L.; Low,   Sarah A.
Three-quarters of U.S. residents used the Internet to access information, education, and services in 2007. Broadband Internet access is becoming essential for both businesses and households; many compare its evolution to other technologies now considered common necessities—such as cars, electricity, televisions, microwave ovens, and cell phones. Although rural residents enjoy widespread access to the Internet, they are less likely to have high-speed, or broadband, Internet access than their urban counterparts. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the difference in access may lie in the higher cost and limited availability of broadband Internet in rural areas. As a result, rural residents depend more on Internet use outside of the home, in places like the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Keywords: Internet; Broadband; High-speed internet; Telemedicine; Rural; Urban; Census data; Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS); ERS; USDA; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59018

Educação, concentração fundiária e desigualdade de rendimentos no meio rural brasileiro
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ney,   Marlon Gomes; Hoffmann,   Rodolfo.
The paper analyses the effects of rural income determinants, in particular of human capital and physical capital. Besides the earnings equation estimated for persons occupied in agriculture, the paper also analyzes earnings regressions for persons occupied in the industry and service sectors. The results show that physical capital is the main determinant of earnings in Brazilian agriculture, but schooling is the most important determinant of earnings for persons occupied in rural non-farm activities and for all persons living in rural areas.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Income; Human capital; Physical capital; Rural; Brazil.; Agribusiness; Q15; D31.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60818

AGRICULTURAL FINANCING POLICIES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eze,   Christopher C.; Lemchi,   J.I.; Ugochukwu,   Albert I.; Eze,   V.C.; Awulonu,   C.A.O.; Okon,   A.X.
The study examined the agricultural financing policies of the government of Nigeria and effects on rural development .The study found that though the government has made serious efforts at making good agricultural policies through schemes, programmes and institutions, it has not been able to back them up with adequate budgetary allocation and financing coupled with corruption in the execution of the policies. It is recommended that for the government agricultural financing policies to achieve its target of rural development, Nigeria will need an adequate level of strategically targeted investment in agriculture, upgrade rural infrastructure, boost productivity, and increase competitiveness of the farm output, in addition to fighting corruption.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural financing; Policies; Institutions; Rural; Development; International Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91677

Rural Economic Development: What Makes Rural Communities Grow?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aldrich,   Lorna M.; Kusmin,   Lorin D.
Factors related to local and regional economic growth are attractiveness to retirees, right-to-work laws, excellent high school completion rates, good public education expenditures, and access to transportation networks. These were associated with improved county earnings in 1979-89, according to a multiple regression analysis of rural counties. Factors associated with poor earnings growth included higher wage levels, concentrations of transfer-payment recipiency, and concentrations of small independent businesses in the goods-producing sector.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Counties; Rural; Nonmetropolitan; Regional; Economic growth; Earnings; Economic development; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33677

Theme Overview: Rural Wealth Creation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Weber,   Bruce A.; Fawbush,   Wayne.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Community; Development; Economic; Prosperity; Rural; Wealth; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R11; R12.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122799

WHY IS U.S. POVERTY HIGHER IN NONMETROPOLITAN THAN METROPOLITAN AREAS? EVIDENCE FROM THE PANEL STUDY OF INCOME DYNAMICS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.
In the United States, low-income people are not evenly distributed across the rural-urban landscape. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who "choose" to live in rural areas have unmeasured attributes related to poverty? To address this question, I use data from nine waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to track economic well-being and rural/urban residential choice among a sample of 6,461 householders. A series of multivariate regression models are estimated in which the dependent variable is a householder's income to need and explanatory variables are individual attributes and place-level factors, including whether the county of residence is nonmetropolitan (nonmetro). First I estimate an ordinary least squares (OLS) model which...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Poverty; Residential mobility; Omitted variable bias; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18904

DESENVOLVIMENTO TERRITORIAL RURAL NO BRASIL: UMA POLÊMICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guanziroli,   Carlos Enrique.
O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a idéia de desenvolvimento territorial chamando a atenção para alguns trade off desse conceito: a) entre a ênfase no econômico ou no social-institucional, b) entre participação e eficácia, c) entre representatividade e inovação, d) entre coesão social e conflito e, e) entre rendas agrícolas e rendas rurais multifuncionais.---------------------------------The main purpose of this article is to discuss the notion of territorial development highlighting some tradeoffs of this concept: a) between economic or social emphasis, b) between participation and efficacy, c) between representation and innovation, d) between social cohesion and conflict and e) between agricultural income and rural multifunctional incomes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento; Rural; Território; Agricultura Familiar; Development; Rural; Territory; Family Farming; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108582

ALTERNATIVES FOR SMALL FARM SURVIVAL: GOVERNMENT POLICIES VERSUS THE FREE MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tweeten,   Luther G.; Amponsah,   William A.
This paper briefly outlines a topology of small farms and then considers the role of the government versus the market in key public policies such as commodity income support, environment, stability, research, and rural development. A number of options are explored for public policy to better serve small farms, including drastic alternatives such as graduated property taxes on farmland, with exemptions or lower rates for small farms. These and other alternatives are not necessarily recommended. Improved extension education and human resource development offer some of the most promising public policy opportunities to help small farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Government; Limited resource; Market; Programs; Research; Rural; Scale; Small farm; Farm Management.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15249

Market Institutions: Enhancing the Value of Rural-Urban Links
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chowdhury,   Shyamal K.; Negassa,   Asfaw; Torero,   Maximo.
This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context. Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two. However, more than ever before, emerging local and global patterns such as the modern food value-chain led by supermarkets and food processors, rapid urbanization, changes in dietary composition, and enhanced information and communication technologies point to the need to pay close attention to the role of markets both in linking rural areas with intermediate cities and market towns and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market; Institution; Value; Urban; Rural; Bangladesh; Ethiopia; Indonesia; Kenya; Peru; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59597

Congregations and rural development The case of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pesonen,   Heikki; Vesala,   Kari.
Approximately 84 percent of Finns are members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Most of the Church’s 562 congregations are located in rural areas. In local communities Church congregations typically play a significant role, providing job opportunities, offering various services and promoting social and mental welfare. This paper examines the role that the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and its congregations have in rural development. The activities of the rural congregations are examined, firstly, from the point of view of rural development on the whole. What is the potential of the congregations in rural development? Secondly, the role of congregations in rural development is examined by taking into consideration the religious motivations and...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Religion; Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland; Congregations; Rural; Development; Community attachment; Social sustainability; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44102

Metro, Micro, and Non-Core:  A 3-year Portrait of Broadband Supply and Demand in Oklahoma
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Whitacre,   Brian E.
Rural communities suffer from both supply and demand-side disadvantages when dealing with Internet access.  Telecommunications companies are less likely to provide them with needed infrastructure due to lower population densities, and they also tend to have lower levels of specific factors known to influence the access decision such as education and income.  This study looks at the broadband Internet setting in Oklahoma over a 3-year period, examining the diffusion of both infrastructure and access rates.  A non-linear decomposition technique allows for measurement of how specific characteristics, including the availability of infrastructure, contribute to observed metropolitan – micropolitan or metropolitan – noncore “digital divides.”  The results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Broadband; Internet; Diffusion; Rural; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R11; O18; C1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55929

Household Income Dynamics in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Luping.
This paper examines changes in agriculture and livelihood system in four Chinese villages, on the basis of two waves village-wide household surveys conducted over a decade interval. To identify the factors that are important in accounting for variation in household income change, an income dynamic model is estimated. It is found that education is a main factor affecting household income growth. Increase in schooling years of earners will make the household a larger increase in per capita income. Moreover, industrialization has created more non-agricultural jobs for rural households, while urbanization promoted development of service sector that absorbs a number of rural labors. The results of income dynamic model analysis shows that the initial poor farm...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Income growth; Rural; China; Agricultural and Food Policy; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51561

On the Empirical Finding of a Higher Risk of Poverty in Rural Areas: Is Rural Residence Endogenous to Poverty?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fisher,   Monica G.
Includes: On the Empirical Finding of a Higher Risk of Poverty in Rural Areas: Is Rural Residence Endogenous to Poverty?:COMMENT, by Thomas A. Hirschl; On the Empirical Finding of a Higher Risk of Poverty in Rural Areas: Is Rural Residence Endogenous to Poverty?: REPLY, by Monica Fisher. Research shows people are more likely to be poor in rural versus urban America. Does this phenomenon partly reflect that people who choose rural residence have unmeasured attributes related to human impoverishment? To address this question, two models are estimated using Panel Study of Income Dynamics data. A single equation Probit model of individual poverty replicates the well-documented finding of higher poverty risk in rural places. However, an instrumental variables...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Endogeneity; Instrumental variables; Omitted variable bias; Poverty; Rural; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31219

Broadband Internet's Value for Rural America
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stenberg,   Peter L.; Morehart,   Mitchell J.; Vogel,   Stephen J.; Cromartie,   John; Breneman,   Vincent E.; Brown,   Dennis M.
As broadband—or high-speed—Internet use has spread, Internet applications requiring high transmission speeds have become an integral part of the “Information Economy,” raising concerns about those who lack broadband access. This report analyzes (1) rural broadband use by consumers, the community-at-large, and businesses; (2) rural broadband availability; and (3) broadband’s social and economic effects on rural areas. It also summarizes results from an ERS-sponsored workshop on rural broadband use, and other ERS-commissioned studies. In general, rural communities have less broadband Internet use than metro communities, with differing degrees of broadband availability across rural communities. Rural communities that had greater broadband Internet access had...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Internet; Broadband; High-speed Internet; Rural economies; Rural economic growth; Digital economy; Telemedicine; Rural; Urban; Census data; June Agricultural Survey; Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS); ERS; USDA; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55944

RURAL SMALL BUSINESS FINANCE:  EVIDENCE FROM THE 1998 SURVEY OF SMALL BUSINESS FINANCES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gustafson,   Cole R.
The 1998 Survey of Small Business Finances provides robust information on the financing of small businesses including an overview of their firm's organization, financial characteristics, and credit use.  Information from the survey is used in this study to compare the financial characteristics of urban and rural small businesses.  Overall, rural small businesses have very similar financial characteristics, access to technology and financial services, sources of financial capital, and creditworthiness when compared to urban small businesses.  Nonparametric rank order statistical methods were required when comparing dollar values of urban and rural small businesses because normality assumptions were violated due to the high concentration of small firms.  On...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Small; Business; Finances; Survey; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23674

THE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF RURAL AND REGIONAL RESIDENCE UPON THE HEALTH OF OLDER ADULTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ziembroski,   Jessica S.; Hauck,   Erica L.
This article examines the independent and interactive effects of rural status and region of residence on health. Individual level factors related to poverty are also tested, in conjunction with rural and regional residence. Negative health effects of rurality were found only in the South, while positive health effects of rurality were found, but only in the Midwest. The results indicate a cumulative risk of rural and Southern residence for older men and women. Living in a rural place in the Midwestern United States may provide unique sources of health benefit as individuals age, which buffer previously observed rural risks to health overall. The findings are discussed in terms of health policy and interventions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Region; Health; Later adulthood; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18919

IWRM and Food Security Project in Kafue Basin: Process Documentation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chisaka,   Jonathan.
The purpose of this report is to show the process of the intervention made through the implementation of the IWRM and Food Security Demonstration Project in Zambia. The report gives details of the project processes, showing the steps the project went through, the outcomes and its impact on the communities where it was implemented. The report is the result of a number of field visits made to the completed project sites, the sources of information have been; focus group meetings, interviews, discussions with key informants, beneficiaries the youth, male and female stakeholders and reviews of project activity reports, and direct observations. Therefore, what is presented here is a cumulative “factual and real time” opinion as to what has been observed and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water resource management; Project planning; Project management; Water storage; Pumping; Wells; Participatory management; Leadership; Water policy; Central government; Local government; Irrigation water; Zambia; Kafue River Basin; Katuba; Namwala; Chibombo; Agribusiness; Community; Rural; Urban Development; Crop Production; Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics; Land Use; Production Economics; Research and Development; Emerging Technologies; Research Methods; Statistical Methods; Resource; Energy Economics and Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Community involvement; Tech Change.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91805

Discussion: Human Capital and Rural Economic Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barefield,   Alan.
One of the most critical elements of a nation’s social infrastructure is its system of education. Concerns with accessibility, achievement, and choice are significant elements in determining the quality of life for all communities, but most especially for rural communities where resources, and in many cases, opportunities, are perceived to be less plentiful than for their urban and suburban counterparts.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Education; Pre-kindergarten; Discipline; Community colleges; Rural; Economic development; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; I21; R11.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53090

Caracterización de la Producción de Frijol (Vigna sp.) en los Municipios Turén y Santa Rosalía del Estado Portuguesa (2000-2005)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Torres,   Andrew; Paredes,   Franklin.
En esta investigación se caracteriza la producción de frijol (Vigna sp.) en los Municipios Turén y Santa Rosalía del estado Portuguesa. Se aplicó una encuesta a los productores de la Unidad de Estudio, luego se determinaron diversas estadísticas descriptivas. Se aplicó un Análisis Factorial de Componentes Principales (AFCP) a fin de identificar variables subyacentes. Entre los resultados destacan: 1) los productores consideran importante la integración empresarial, sugiriendo que existe una gran oportunidad en este sentido; 2) los productores están dispuestos a recibir adiestramiento; 3) las familias de los productores consideran que el Frijol puede ser mejor aprovechado; 4) hay una actitud positiva hacia la innovación, lo que posibilita elevar el valor...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Rural; Competitividad e integración.; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95346

PROSPECTS FOR RURAL GROWTH? MEASURING GROWTH LINKAGES IN A SOUTH AFRICAN SMALLHOLDER FARMING AREA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Simphiwe,   N.
This paper addresses the possible impact of rising smallholder incomes on local non-agricultural development in a case study area located in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.  It determines how increased rural incomes are spent on a mix of goods and services, and debates the implications of these spending patterns for growth in rural areas through the alleviation of demand constraints.  These results make it possible to identify areas of intervention necessary for sustaining growth originating from stimulus to tradable agriculture from economic reforms.  This paper thus contributes to an emerging literature on the possible impact of promoting smallholder agriculture in South Africa on rural livelihoods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Growth linkages; Multipliers; Smallholder; South Africa; Africa; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18027

EXPORT ENHANCEMENT STRATEGIES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM RURAL AND AGRICULTURAL FIRMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saxowsky,   David M.; Krause,   Joyce Hall; Gustafson,   Cole R.
Literature reports that small and medium firms face greater difficulty in obtaining the necessary export market information and in obtaining financing than do larger firms. Accordingly, the United States has many export promotion and enhancement services, but there is little documentation on the impacts of these services on small and medium rural and agricultural firms.  The objectives of this project were to 1) analyze the export assistance needs of small and medium rural and agricultural firms operating in the Northern Plains region at different stages of the export or internationalization process, 2) identify available export assistance and promotion services offered at the federal and state levels to meet the needs of these firms, and 3) identify...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export; Rural; Agriculture; Export assistance; Northern Plains; Government; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23307

Determinants of off-farm participation decision of farm households in Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beyne,   A.D.
This study analyses the determinants of off-farm work participation decisions of farm households in Ethiopia. A bivariate probit model is applied to account for the simultaneity of participation decisions of both male and female members of farm households. The results of the analysis show that human capital variables such as health and training on non-farm activities have a positive effect on the off-farm participation decisions of male members of farm households. The education status of the head has no significant impact on the participation decisions of the members of the family as most of the off-farm activities do not require formal education. The availability of credit and transfer income is the other factors that have a positive impact on the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Off-farm; Participation; Bivariate; Rural; Ethiopia; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5969

Does Privatization Deliver? Access to Telephone Services and Household Income in Poor Rural Areas Using a Quasi-Natural Experiment for Peru
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chong,   Alberto E.; Galdo,   Virgilio; Torero,   Maximo.
We take advantage of a quasi-natural experiment in Peru by which the privatized telecommunications company was required by government to randomly install and operate public pay phones on small rural towns along the national territory. Using a especially designed household survey for a representative sample of rural towns we are able to link access to telephone services with household income. We find, that regardless of the income measurement, most characteristics of public telephone are positively linked with income. Remarkably, the benefits are given at both non-farm and farm income levels. Not only do the findings hold when using instrumental variables but they are further confirmed when using propensity scores matching methods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Privatization; Institutions; Rural; Poverty; Telecommunications; Consumer/Household Economics; G32; H10; J45; O1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25691

O GADO DE CORTE NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL: PRINCIPAIS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Massuquetti,   Angelica; Ribas,   Rodrigo Justo.
Este artigo busca descrever os principais sistemas de produção do gado de corte no Rio Grande do Sul, apresentando as três formas de criação de bovinos de corte mais utilizadas e as características mais relevantes destes sistemas. Um dos destaques foi a diversidade encontrada nas formas de criação, já que o sistema de produção mais utilizado que é a bovinocultura de corte com produção vegetal em ciclo completo está presente em apenas 16,1% das propriedades gaúchas. O estudo teve como base o Diagnóstico de Sistemas de Produção de Bovinocultura de Corte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.-----------------------------This paper aims to describe the main cattle production systems in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, showing the three most employed forms of cattle...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bovinocultura; Sistemas de produção; Agropecuária; Pecuarista; Rural; Cattle breeding; Production systems; Farming; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108145

Commercialization of Food Consumption in Rural China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gale,   H. Frederick, Jr.; Tang,   Ping; Bai,   Xianhong; Xu,   Huijun.
Rural households in China have traditionally consumed food mostly grown on their own farms. While they continue to rely on self-produced grains, vegetables, meats, and eggs for a large portion of their diet, rural households are now purchasing more of their food as they enter the mainstream of the Chinese economy. Cash purchases of food by rural Chinese households increased 7.4 percent per year from 1994 to 2003. Consumption has shifted from self-produced to purchased food at a rate faster than can be explained by income growth or changes in other household characteristics. The move away from self-produced food is associated with lower consumption of staple grains, the most important self produced food in rural Chinese diets. Food consumed away from home...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: China; Food; Consumption; Expenditures; Rural; Commercialization; Subsistence agriculture; Engel analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7256

THE IMPACT OF THE 1990s ECONOMIC BOOM ON LESS-EDUCATED WORKERS IN RURAL AMERICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Davis,   Elizabeth E.; Bosley,   Stacie A.
This article uses National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) data to investigate the impact of local labor market conditions on the employment and earnings of rural non-college-educated workers. The results suggest that local economic conditions in the late 1990s did have a positive impact on wages, and the effect is larger for workers with no more than a high school degree compared to their college-educated counterparts. Further, there is evidence of a difference between rural and urban labor markets, suggesting that the 1990s boom helped urban less-educated workers but not those in rural areas. The rural/urban difference is most apparent for male workers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Employment; Local labor markets; NLSY79; Rural; Unemployment; Wages; Wage curve; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18918

Viability of Organic Production in Rural Counties: County and State-Level Evidence from the United States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kostandini,   Genti; Mykerezi,   Elton; Tanellari,   Eftila.
We investigate the determinants of organic farming in the United States. State-level data show that the organic farming sector has grown over the last decade, but growth has been very heterogeneous with few states accounting for most of the growth. Further analyses of county data reveal that favorable natural amenities, water for irrigation, and government payments have a positive effect on most measures of organic farming used here. Results further point out that organic farming operations are more popular among young farmers. Adjacency to metro areas is also an important determinant for the number of organic operations. Organic farming is more important for the agricultural sector of the areas that are somewhat remote but that does not appear to be the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: County; Organic farming; Rural; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Marketing; Q10; R58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113539

DEMAND FOR FOOD QUANTITY AND QUALITY IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gale,   H. Frederick, Jr.; Huang,   Kuo S.
As their incomes rise, Chinese consumers are changing their diets and demanding greater quality, convenience, and safety in food. Food expenditures grow faster than quantities purchased as income rises, suggesting that consumers with higher incomes purchase more expensive foods. The top-earning Chinese households appear to have reached a point where the income elasticity of demand for quantity of most foods is near zero. China’s food market is becoming segmented. The demand for quality by high-income households has fueled recent growth in modern food retail and sales of premium-priced food and beverage products. Food expenditures and incomes have grown much more slowly for rural and low-income urban households.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: China; Food; Consumption; Demand; Income; Elasticities; Engel curve; Households; Rural; Urban; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7252

Rural Employment At A Glance
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kusmin,   Lorin D.; Parker,   Timothy S.
Rural Employment At A Glance is a six-page brochure that highlights the most recent indicators of employment and unemployment in rural areas. It documents changes and differences in metro and nonmetro employment growth, unemployment, earnings per job, and occupational mix, as well as differences across nonmetro areas by location and county type.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Employment; Unemployment; Metro; Nonmetro; Rural; Urban; Earnings; Occupation; Employment growth; Unemployment rate; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59021

Analysis of Vocational and Residential Preferences of Rural Population: Application of an Experimental Technique to Rural Slovenia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zanni,   Alberto M.; Davidova,   Sophia; Bailey,   Alastair.
This study represents the first application of Choice Experiments to the analysis of the monetary and non-pecuniary determinants of vocational choice and spatial labor supply. It identifies the determinants of individual’s choice of jobs and place of residence, and provides a better understanding of the process of rural labor adjustments in a country in transition, Slovenia. The results indicate that the effect of wages, as the main factor influencing employment choice, is counterbalanced by other determinants affecting working conditions and residence. A considerable degree of immobility in terms of migration and commuting has been revealed. As a result, a rapid urbanisation process is unlikely to happen in the near future, according to individuals’...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiments; Labor supply; Migration; Rural; Slovenia; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; J0; P0; C0.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25534

Medição do Impacto dos Bens Públicos e Privados sobre os Rendimentos Familiares Provenientes de Culturas em Moçambique Rural, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56804

Property Rights and Choice of Fuel Wood Sources in Rural Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beyene,   Abebe Damte.
Replaced with revised version of paper 12/14/10.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Property rights; Institutions; Fuel wood; Rural; Ethiopia.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96171

Migration and the Rural-Urban Continuum: Evidence from the Rural Philippines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Quisumbing,   Agnes R.; McNiven,   Scott.
Migration is an important livelihood strategy in the Philippines. In 1991, 26 percent of urban households and 13 percent of rural households received remittances from migrant parents or children. Although international migration has received more attention than internal migration, the latter is significant in the Philippines. Between 1980 and 1990, the number of persons over the age of five years who were not resident in the city or municipality they resided in five years ago, increased from 2.85 to 3.24 million. Recent migration flows are interprovincial, typically in the direction of Metropolitan Manila and surrounding areas, and are dominated by women. While the percentage of the population classified as urban increased from 36 percent in the mid-1970s...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Migration; Rural; Urban; Philippines; International Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59599

Why Do Rural Firms Live Longer?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Li; Orazem,   Peter F.; Jolly,   Robert W.
Rural firms have a higher survival rate than urban firms. Over the first 13 years after firm entry, the hazard rate for firm exits is persistently higher for urban firms. While differences in firm attributes explain some of the rural-urban gap in firm survival, rural firms retain a survival advantage 18.5% greater than observationally equivalent urban firms. We argue that in competitive markets, the remaining survival advantage for rural firms must be attributable to unobserved factors that must be known at the time of entry. A plausible candidate for such a factor is thinner markets for the capital of failed rural firms. The implied lower salvage value of rural firms suggests that firms sorting into rural markets must have a higher probability of success...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Rural; Urban; Entry; Exit; Survival; Sorting; Salvage value; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Labor and Human Capital; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; O18; L21; D92.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54081

Do Rural Community Colleges Supply Unique Educational Benefits?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mykerezi,   Elton; Kostandini,   Genti; Mills,   Bradford F.
Community colleges likely draw to college individuals who would otherwise not attend due to their low costs and open admission requirements. This is labeled as the democratization effect. They may also divert individuals away from 4-year to terminal 2-year college degrees (the diversion effect). This study estimates democratization and diversion effects separately for nonmetropolitan and metropolitan youth using nationally representative data and models that account for endogenous institution selection. We find the democratization effect to exceed the diversion effect of community colleges for both metro and nonmetro youth. The democratization-diversion ratio is slightly higher for urban youth.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Rural; Colleges; Education; Diversion; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; I21; R0.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53086

AMERICA'S FORGOTTEN PEOPLE AND PLACES: ENDING THE LEGACY OF POVERTY IN THE RURAL SOUTH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Allen-Smith,   Joyce E.; Wimberley,   Ronald C.; Morris,   Libby V.
This study focuses on the longstanding impoverishment of the rural South and three of its subregions-Appalachia, the Mississippi Delta, and the Black Belt. The poor quality of life in rural Appalachia and along the Mississippi Delta has been publically acknowledged by programs and commissions for improving conditions. However, the more comprehensive Black Belt subregion that links parts of Southern Appalachia and the Southern Delta has not received such regional policy attention. While the South as a whole is more rural and impoverished than other U.S. regions, this is largely due to the poor conditions in the Black Belt. In addition to region and rurality, a third feature of the pattern is race. It is in the Black Belt that the South's poor socioeconomic...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Appalachia; Black Belt; Mississippi Delta; Policy; Poverty; Quality of life; Rural; South; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15499

Measuring the Impact of Public and Private Assets on Household Crop Income in Rural Mozambique, 2002-2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mather,   David; Donovan,   Cynthia; Boughton,   Duncan.
This brief summarizes detailed analysis of the determinants of household crop income in rural Mozambique from 2002 to 2005. Increased crop income is associated with increases in household land area, use of animal traction, crop diversification into tobacco or cotton, access to market price information, and access to extension agents (for tobacco/cotton growers). Decreases in crop income are associated with drought. Results demonstrate that there are both public and private investments that can enhance farmers’ ability to increase crop income and avoid losses. Priority investments include: development and dissemination of drought-resistant varieties for maize and cassava, conservation farming, animal traction, market information, access to high-value crops...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Africa; Mozambique; Food security; Assets; Household; Rural; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56805

Relações entre a Atividade Carbonífera e o Rural em Candiota, RS, Brasil: análises sobre representações sociais em um contexto de dilemas sobre a energia
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Pereira,Viviane Camejo; Almeida,Jalcione.
A geração de energia termelétrica à base de carvão mineral tem despertado distintas opiniões e significados. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar as representações sociais que grupos e atores sociais no espaço rural compartilham em torno da temática da exploração do carvão mineral no município de Candiota (RS), sul do Brasil. Foi possível identificar algumas representações que compõem a relação entre o rural e o carvão no município. Do ponto de vista teórico e metodológico, optou-se pela Teoria das Representações Sociais, de Serge Moscovici, e pela abordagem estrutural das representações sociais de Jean-Claude Abric. Foram entrevistadas 46 pessoas entre janeiro e março de 2012. A representação central da atividade carbonífera no caso estudado situa-se em...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Representações sociais; Carvão mineral; Rural; Candiota.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032015000100127

Da Regulamentação à Promoção - o rural nos planos nacionais de turismo (1985-2011)
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Carneiro,Maria João; Silva,Diogo Soares da; Brandão,Vítor; Figueiredo,Elisabete.
Os Planos Nacionais de Turismo (PNT) constituem documentos importantes para uma melhor compreensão das representações e dos significados sociais do rural e do turismo rural em Portugal. O presente artigo, procurando debater estas questões, tem por base a análise de conteúdo detalhada dos PNT ao longo dos últimos 30 anos, designadamente, os PNT dos períodos de 1985-1988 e 1989-1992 e o Plano Estratégico Nacional do Turismo (PENT) dos períodos de 2007-2010 e 2011-2015. A análise de conteúdo efetuada teve como suporte uma grelha de análise exaustiva, contendo múltiplas categorias (e valores correspondentes) identificadas a partir da revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre o mundo rural, as suas representações e significados, assim como sobre o...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Planos Nacionais de Turismo; Representações do rural; Rural; Significados do rural; Turismo rural.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032015000600009

Considerações acerca de teses recentes sobre o mundo rural brasileiro
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Mattei,Lauro.
Este artigo apresenta uma análise crítica das sete teses sobre o rural brasileiro. Depois de expor cada uma das referidas teses é feita uma análise crítica detalhada mostrando as inconsistências e até mesmo as contradições dessas teses. Finalmente, são apresentadas algumas considerações gerais, ressaltando­-se a importância desse debate, porém entendendo que o mesmo deveria ser feito de acordo com a complexa realidade rural brasileira e sem a exclusão de determinados segmentos sociais.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Rural; Teses; Críticas.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032014000600006

A agricultura familiar em Portugal: rupturas e continuidades
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Carmo,Renato Miguel do.
Em Portugal, as ciências sociais têm estudado a agricultura familiar a partir de um modelo de interpretação dualista que acentua as diferenças inter-regionais, marginalizando, até certo ponto, o significado sociológico de algumas continuidades que se estabeleciam (e se estabelecem) entre as zonas do Norte e do Sul ou entre o Litoral e o Interior. O presente estudo pretende, assim, construir uma perspectiva diferente sobre as modalidades de agricultura familiar em Portugal, procurando identificar, num primeiro momento, uma série de proximidades sociológicas entre os diferentes modos de organização (tradicionais e modernos) das famílias agrícolas e, consequentemente, traçar os eixos para um modelo mais complexo na análise dessas mesmas modalidades.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rural; Pluriactividade; Agricultura familiar; Portugal.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032010000100001

Pobres no Campo, Ricos na Cidade? Uma Análise Multidimensional da Pobreza
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Costa,Rodolfo Ferreira Ribeiro da; Costa,Genivalda Cordeiro.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar se existe uma relação entre os níveis de pobreza rural e urbano. Para isso, primeiramente foi auferido o patamar de pobreza para ambos os espaços, baseado na definição de pobreza multidimensional, admitindo, portanto, que as carências em saúde, renda, educação e moradia são componentes fundamentais para mensuração das privações. A abordagem utilizada para o indicador de pobreza multidimensional foi a lógica fuzzy, enquanto que a análise de dependência entre os indicadores foi desenvolvida através da função Cópula. Os dados remetem as áreas rurais e urbanas dos 5.565 municípios brasileiros em 2010. Por um lado, verificou-se que aquelas áreas rurais com maiores carências se fazem presentes na região Nordeste,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pobreza multidimensional; Rural; Urbano; Fuzzy; Cópula.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032016000300537

Epidemiological estimates of Respiratory diseases in the hospital population, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Sultana,Tayyaba; Afzal,Aqsa; Sultana,Salma; Al-Ghanim,Khalid; Shahid,Tehniat; Jabeen,Zahra; Turab,Nusrat; Ahmed,Z.; Mahboob,Shahid.
ABSTRACT  A cross sectional study was conducted in two types of respiratory patients in hospital population. It was found that tuberculosis (T.B) was the most common type (29.66%) followed by the asthma (28.08%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (11.31%). Average age of diagnosis was 42.15 ± 0.65 years and average age at present 47.99 ± 0.70 years. Age group 51-60 years was more prone to this disease (21.13%). Most of the patients were married (80.06%). The highest representation of patients with respiratory diseases was observed in 1st birth order (30.36%) followed by 2nd (26.49%) and 3rd (18.45%), while the lowest was in 10th birth order (0.40%). Tuberculosis, asthma and COPD are the most prevalent types of respiratory diseases....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Respiratory; Age; Sex; Urban; Rural; Income.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100418

Prevalence and risk factors for human papillomavirus infection among Chinese ethnic women in southern of Yunnan, China
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Baloch,Zulqarnain; Yasmeen,Nafeesa; Li,Yuanyue; Ma,Ke; Wu,Xiaomei; Yang,Shi-hua; Xia,Xueshan.
ABSTRACT  Background: Dai is a major Chinese ethnic minority group residing in rural areas of the southern part of Yunnan. However, no data exist on the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution among Dai women.  Method: A total of 793 participants (Dai = 324, Han = 251, other ethnic = 218) were included in this study. PCR was performed to detect the HPV-positive samples, and genotyping was performed with an HPV Geno-Array.  Result: The overall HPV prevalence was very low among Dai women compared to the others. The prevalence of high-risk-HPV infections was significantly higher (p = 0.001) among other ethnic women (22.0%) than that among Han (13.1%) and Dai women (7.1%). The overall HPV, high-risk-HPV, single and multiple infection...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HPV; Prevalence; Dai; Genotypes; Rural; Urban; China.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000300325

Prevalence of genital human papillomavirus among rural and urban populations in southern Yunnan province, China
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Baloch,Z.; Yuan,T.; Yindi,S.; Feng,Y.; Tai,W.; Liu,Y.; Liu,L.; Zhang,A.; Wang,B.; Wu,X.; Xia,X.
This study was designed to investigate and compare the HPV prevalence, genotypes distribution and associated risk factors in rural and urban women living in Xishuang Banna district, in the province of Yunnan. A total of 177 and 190 women from rural and urban areas were engaged, respectively. HPV DNA was amplified using the L1 consensus primers system (MY09/11 and GP5/6) and HPV GenoArray test was conducted for genotyping. Proportions were compared by chi-square test, and logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors. A total of 54 women were positive for HPV DNA. Among rural women, 23 women were positive for HPV infection, of which 21 showed a single infection and 2 had a multiple infection. HPV-16 (10/23) was the most prevalent genotype followed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Xishuang Banna; Prevalence; Genotype; Oncogenic; Rural; Urban.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000600708

Factors affecting the exit from farming of young farmers in Turkey: the case of Niğde province
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Berk,Ali.
ABSTRACT:  This study has focused on the factor affecting the exit from farming of young farmers, since it is an important issue in many provinces of Turkey. Data obtained through face-to-face interview method with 85 selected young farmers (aged 15-40 years) engaged in agricultural activity in the Niğde province in 2017. Logistic regression model based upon the dependent variable decision to exit from farming was used to determine relevant factors. According to results, number of children, the presence of house in the city center and the monthly income level has effects to exit from farming. Young farmers have priorities to reach a better life conditions for their children such as better education and health care services. Rural investment support should...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rural; Agriculture; Exit from farming; Young farmers.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000800901

Os modos de vida dos agricultores pluriativos nas aldeias minhotas do noroeste de Portugal
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Fiúza,Ana Louise de Carvalho; Pinto,Neide Maria de Almeida; Braga,Gustavo Bastos.
Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar o modo de vida do agricultor pluriativo, uma categoria em expansão na agricultura praticada não apenas nas aldeias minhotas do noroeste de Portugal, lócus deste estudo, mas em grande parte do mundo ocidental. Utilizou-se a aplicação de um survey, cross-sectional, aplicado a famílias de agricultores exclusivamente agrícolas e pluriativos, em 50% das freguesias da vila escolhida para este estudo. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram a urbanização do modo de vida dos agricultores pluriativos e inclusive dos que viviam exclusivamente da agricultura, apontando, contudo, para a compatibilidade da agricultura com este modo de vida mais tecnologizado e integrado à dinâmica das vilas e cidades
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Modo de vida; Rural; Noroeste de Portugal.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782014001202279