Consulta: subjectFacets:"Sahel"
Registros recuperados: 11
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 03:34:38

Vulnerability and the Role of Education in Environmentally Induced Migration in Mali and Senegal
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van der Land, Victoria; Institute for Social-Ecological Research (ISOE); vvanderland@gmail.com; Hummel, Diana; Institute for Social-Ecological Research (ISOE); Biodiversity and Climate Research Center (BiK-F); hummel@isoe.de.
In the West African Sahel, the majority of the population depends on subsistence farming and livestock breeding and is thus particularly vulnerable to climatic changes. One possible response to natural hazards is migration. Recent research suggests that environmentally induced mobility is closely linked to the social vulnerability and adaptive capacity of individuals and groups. However, only little attention has been paid thus far to the role of formal education in this context. Our objective was to fill this gap by examining the role of formal education in environmentally induced migration as one characteristic of social vulnerability to environmental change. Our analysis focuses on two regions in the West African Sahel, Bandiagara in Mali and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Education; Environmentally induced migration; Livelihood strategies; Sahel; Social vulnerability.
Ano: 2013

A Participatory Modeling Process to Capture Indigenous Ways of Adaptability to Uncertainty: Outputs From an Experiment in West African Drylands
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: d'Aquino, Patrick; CIRAD; daquino@cirad.fr; Bah, Alassane; UMISCO ESP UCAD Dakar; alassane.bah@gmail.com.
Over the centuries, local communities have shaped atypical rules to deal with the uncertainty of their environment. They have developed complex prototypes for flexible overlapping institutions and arrangements to adapt their rules and uses to their uncertain environment. Today, this indigenous way of flexibly institutionalizing access rules could provide blueprints for dealing with uncertainty issues resulting from global change as well as designing practical guidelines for implementing resilient management. However, transforming indigenous skills for developing institutional flexibility into operational management rules that are appropriate in the current environmental and socioeconomic context is a huge challenge. However, communities could easily...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Environment; Indigenous knowledge; Management; Modeling; Participation; Sahel; Senegal; Uncertainty.
Ano: 2013

Collapse and Recovery in Sahelian Agro-pastoral Systems: Rethinking Trajectories of Change
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Vang Rasmussen, Laura; Department of Geography &amp; Geology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; lr@geo.ku.dk; Reenberg, Anette; Department of Geography &amp; Geology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; ar@geo.ku.dk.
We discuss the adaptive cycle heuristic as a potential platform for describing the functioning and directions of change in Sahelian land use systems. Specifically, the aim is to go beyond the simplified narrative of a vicious circle of land degradation and land expansion prompted by population pressure and low rainfall and to develop conceptual means to account for system recovery and adaptation to exposures. We use a village study from northern Burkina Faso as an empirical point of departure. On the basis of information obtained from extensive interviews and surveys at the group and household level, the different phases of the adaptive cycle&amp;#8212;exploitation (r), conservation (K), release (&amp;#937;) and reorganization (&amp;#945;)&amp;#8212; are...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Connectedness; Potential; Sahel; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2012

Social-ecological Functions and Vulnerability Framework to Analyze Forest Policy Reforms
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Rives, Fanny; CIRAD, UPR GREEN, F-34398 Montpellier, France; fanny_rives@yahoo.fr; Antona, Martine; CIRAD, UPR GREEN, F-34398 Montpellier, France; martine.antona@cirad.fr; Aubert, Sigrid; CIRAD, UPR GREEN, 99 Antananarivo, Madagascar CIRAD, UPR GREEN, F-34398 Montpellier, France; sigrid.aubert@cirad.fr.
We explore the impact of forest policy reforms implemented in the early 1990s in Niger in the wake of the severe droughts that affected the Sahel in the 1970s and 1980s. We focus on Sahelian multiple-use forest ecosystems and set out to analyze policy-induced changes in the patterns of interactions between various uses, users, and dry-forest ecosystems, interactions that influence the effective management of rural forests. We put forward the hypothesis that the new forest policy reforms were designed according to a vulnerability diagnosis, highlighting two stressors: droughts and increased demand for firewood. This led to a single-issue policy focused on firewood provision and was implemented through the Household Energy Strategy (HES). The HES...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Fuelwood; Rural forest; Sahel; Social-ecological changes; Socio-ecological changes.
Ano: 2012

Unilateral Cryptorchidism in Nigerian Sahel Bucks
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Igbokwe,I. O; Grema,H. A; Ikpo,A. E; Mshelbwala,F. M; Igbokwe,N. A.
Out of 1608 Nigerian Sahel male goats (bucks) examined for cryptorchidism in an abattoir, 9 (0.6%) had right unilateral cryptorchidism. The coat colour-specific prevalence was highest among the brown bucks (2.1%); and was 0.8%, 0.6%, and 0.3% among black, white, back-and-white bucks, respectively. The condition was not found among bucks with brown-and-black, brown-and-white, and multiple coat colours. The right and left testes of normal bucks and the descended testes of cryptorchid bucks had comparable gross testicular measurements, but the retained cryptorchid testes were smaller in size. The estimates of the testicular measurements showed that testicular weights (with the entire epididymes), peripheral longitudinal lengths and mid-circumferences of the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Abdominal; Cryptorchidism; Goat; Hypoplasia; Morphometry; Nigeria; Sahel; Subcutaneous; Testis; Unilateral; Degeneration; Orchitis; Fibroplasia.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000300027

Impacts Of Inventory Credit, Input Supply Shops, and Fertilizer Microdosing in the Drylands of Niger
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pender,   John L.; Abdoulaye,   Tahirou; Ndjeunga,   Jupiter; Gerard,   Bruno; Kato,   Edward.
This study investigated the impacts of access to inventory credit, input supply shops, fertilizer microdosing demonstrations, and other factors on farmers’ use of inorganic fertilizer and other inputs in Niger and on crop yields. We found that access to inventory credit and input supply shops has increased the use of inorganic fertilizer and seeds and that microdosing demonstrations have increased the use of inorganic fertilizer. Ownership of traction animals and access to off-farm employment have also contributed to the use of inorganic fertilizer, while larger farms use less fertilizer and labor per hectare. The impacts of these interventions and technologies depend on the crop mix. Inorganic fertilizer has a positive impact on millet and millet–cowpea...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fertilizer microdosing; Inventory credit; Warrantage (the French term for inventory credit); Input supply shops; Drylands; Niger; Sahel; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42328

Agricultural Productivity, Drought, and Economic Growth in Sahel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boubacar,   Inoussa.
A standardized precipitation index is used in a regression analysis to quantify the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in Sahel. I first estimate a Malmquist productivity index and its efficiency and technical change components. I further assess the statistical significance of the indices by estimating some confidence intervals via a bootstrap method. In the second stage of the analysis, I use a Probit model to estimate the extent to which climate variables affect agricultural productivity. It appears that agricultural performance has been disastrous in many Sahelian countries from 1970 to 2000. Using a comparable cross-country measure of drought, I provide evidence that precipitation variability is constraining not only Sahel’s...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Agriculture; Sahel; International Development; Production Economics; O13; O55; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56321

CLIMATE CHANGE AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN SAHEL: CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT CONTRIBUTION TO POVERTY REDUCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Constant,   Labintan Adeniyi.
Nowadays climate change event and poor population vulnerability become more severe and natural resources scarcity intensity increased. In order to mitigate climate change negative effects adaptive policies such as poverty reduction Strategy and National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA) as effective’s responsive strategies. There are also farmers traditional adaptation methods which are consider as local mainstreaming climate change adaptation framework. This paper has explore subjective qualitative evaluation of climate change risk management framework strategic and link its with poverty reduction strategy in the Sahel .Sahel is one of the most vulnerable areas in the world with lower HDI(0.2%) and have the highest poverty rate (over 45% of the people live...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sahel; Climate Change; Poverty Reduction; Adaptation Strategy.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100537

The Effects of Drought on Crop Yields and Yield Variability in Sahel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boubacar,   Inoussa.
Drought is widespread in Sahel, and its persistent occurrence has caused substantial damages to the agricultural sector. The severity of drought and the related damages to the agricultural sector are expected to increase due to global warming. In this paper, I examine the economic impacts of drought on Sahel agriculture. The maximum likelihood estimators of the Just-Pope stochastic production function indicate that the direction of the effects of climate variables is similar across crops, but their magnitudes differ. Specifically, drought as measured by a 6-month standardized precipitation index, poor rainfall spread, and degree-days have adverse effects on crop yields. The results are robust to alternative estimation methods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop yields; Drought; Stochastic production model; Sahel; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; O13; O55; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56322

Optimal long-term stocking rates for livestock grazing in a Sahelian rangeland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hein,   Lars; Weikard,   Hans-Peter.
Economic modelling of semi-arid rangelands has received much attention in recent literature. A major outstanding issue is how stochastic rainfall and the feedback effect of heavy grazing pressures on vegetation productivity can be accounted for in these models. This paper presents a model for calculating the optimal livestock stocking rate in a semi-arid rangeland that accounts for stochastic rainfall, the ecological feedback effect and variable prices. The model is developed for rangelands dominated by annual rather than perennial grasses, such as the African Sahel. The feedback effect is modeled on the basis of an ecological study, conducted in northern Senegal, that analyzes the impact of different grazing pressures on vegetation productivity. The paper...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Semi-arid rangelands; Optimal stocking rate; Modeling rangeland ecology; Sahel; Livestock Production/Industries; Q24; D24.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56959

Household Behavior Under Market Failures: How Natural Resource Management in Agriculture Promotes Livestock Production in the Sahel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dutilly-Diane,   Celine; Sadoulet,   Elisabeth; de Janvry,   Alain.
Improved water harvesting and soil erosion control using the remarkably simple practice of contour stone bunding is shown to increase grain yields by 41% in low rainfall regions of Burkina Faso. Empirical results show that yield increases in food crops help foodbuying farm households import substitute in food consumption, reduce livestock production, and increase seasonal migration which is more compatible with seasonal agriculture than with the yearlong livestock activity. Self-sufficient households, by contrast, can take advantage of higher yields to free resources from food production and allocate these to expand their livestock economy, thus benefiting more from the region's comparative advantage. We also show that greater effectiveness in cooperation...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Farm household model; Natural resource management; Sahel; Consumer/Household Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; 055; Q12; Q20.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25061