Consulta: subjectFacets:"Scale"
Registros recuperados: 51
Data/hora: 08/06/2024 11:24:34

La familia pseudococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) en México
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arriola Padilla, Víctor Javier.
Los pseudocóccidos presentan muchas especies de importancia económica, afectan  a árboles frutales, forestales y de sombra, así como a cultivos agrícolas, plantas  ornamentales y pastos. Se presenta una lista documentada y descriptiva de 153 especies de  la familia Pseudococcidae en México, para cada una de ellas se mencionan nombres  válidos, distribución, hospederos y diagnosis. Se registra un total de 75 familias de plantas  hospederas asociadas a estos insectos. La información taxonómica y biológica está  capturada en la base de datos COCCOIDEA. Con la información se elaboró una clave  dicotómica de los 32 géneros de la familia en México. El análisis cladístico se elaboró con  37 caracteres, se construyó una matriz de datos y se analizó con el programa...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Escamas; Piojos harinosos; Hospederos; Clave dicotómica; Filogenia; Doctorado; Entomología y Acarología; Scale; Mealybugs; Host plants; Dicotomic keys; Phylogeny.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1531

Global Water Governance in the Context of Global and Multilevel Governance: Its Need, Form, and Challenges
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Gupta, Joyeeta; Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam; UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education; J.Gupta@uva.nl.
To complement this Special Feature on global water governance, we focused on a generic challenge at the global level, namely, the degree to which water issues need to be dealt with in a centralized, concentrated, and hierarchical manner. We examined water ecosystem services and their impact on human well-being, the role of policies, indirect and direct drivers in influencing these services, and the administrative level(s) at which the provision of services and potential trade-offs can be dealt with. We applied a politics of scale perspective to understand motivations for defining a problem at the global or local level and show that the multilevel approach to water governance is evolving and inevitable. We argue that a centralized overarching governance...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Global governance; Multilevel governance; Scale; Water governance.
Ano: 2013

Interactions Among Spatial Scales Constrain Species Distributions in Fragmented Urban Landscapes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Turner, Will R; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona; w.turner@conservation.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Birds; Conservation; Constraint; Scale; Species distributions; Urban.
Ano: 2006

Competing Claims on Natural Resources: What Role for Science?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Giller, Ken E.; Wageningen University; ken.giller@wur.nl; Leeuwis, Cees; Wageningen University; cees.leeuwis@wur.nl; Andersson, Jens A.; Wageningen University; University of the Witwatersrand; jens.andersson@wur.nl; Andriesse, Wim; Wageningen University;; Brouwer, Arie; Wageningen University;; Frost, Peter; University of Zimbabwe;; Hebinck, Paul; Wageningen University;; van Ittersum, Martin K.; Wageningen University;; Koning, Niek; ;; Ruben, Ruerd; ;; Slingerland, Maja; Wageningen University;; Udo, Henk; Wageningen University;; Veldkamp, Tom; Wageningen University; Tom.Veldkamp@wur.nl; van de Vijver, Claudius; Wageningen University;; van Wijk, Mark T.; Wageningen University;; Windmeijer, Pieter; Wageningen University;.
Competing claims on natural resources become increasingly acute, with the poor being most vulnerable to adverse outcomes of such competition. A major challenge for science and policy is to progress from facilitating univocal use to guiding stakeholders in dealing with potentially conflicting uses of natural resources. The development of novel, more equitable, management options that reduce rural poverty is key to achieving sustainable use of natural resources and the resolution of conflicts over them. Here, we describe an interdisciplinary and interactive approach for: (i) the understanding of competing claims and stakeholder objectives; (ii) the identification of alternative resource use options, and (iii) the scientific support to negotiation processes...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Agricultural science; Conflict; Ecology; Level; Methodology; Natural resource management; Scale; Social science; Sustainable agriculture.
Ano: 2008

Coproductive capacities: rethinking science-governance relations in a diverse world
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: van Kerkhoff, Lorrae E.; The Australian National University; lorrae.vankerkhoff@anu.edu.au; Lebel, Louis; Chiang Mai University, Thailand; llebel@loxinfo.co.th.
Tackling major environmental change issues requires effective partnerships between science and governance, but relatively little work in this area has examined the diversity of settings from which such partnerships may, or may not, emerge. In this special feature we draw on experiences from around the world to demonstrate and investigate the consequences of diverse capacities and capabilities in bringing science and governance together. We propose the concept of coproductive capacities as a useful new lens through which to examine these relations. Coproductive capacity is &amp;#8220;the combination of scientific resources and governance capability that shapes the extent to which a society, at various levels, can operationalize relationships between...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Capacity development; Coproduction; Environmental governance; Environmental policy; Knowledge; Scale; Science-policy interface; Sustainable development.
Ano: 2015

Exploring Strategies that Build Livelihood Resilience: a Case from Cambodia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Marschke, Melissa J; York University; marschke@yorku.ca; Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca.
Livelihoods in Cambodian fishing communities are complex and dynamic. Fluctuations in resource abundance, seasonal cycles of resource use, and changes in access create conditions that bring challenges for rural households, as do economic and policy drivers. Nonetheless, people are continuously &amp;#8220;doing something&amp;#8221; in response to these stresses and shocks. This paper sets out to explore how households and community members attempt to mitigate against such challenges. The analysis of livelihood stresses and shocks in two Cambodian fishing villages shows that diversification is a commonly used strategy for coping and adapting. Analyzing responses at multiple scales, with emphasis on resilience-building strategies at household and community...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Cambodia; Diversification; Livelihood; Resilience; Scale; Uncertainty; Well-being.
Ano: 2006

Variability in Population Abundance is Associated with Thresholds between Scaling Regimes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wardwell, Donald; Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; don_wardwell@hotmail.com; Allen, Craig R; U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; allencr@unl.edu.
Discontinuous structure in landscapes may result in discontinuous, aggregated species body-mass patterns, reflecting the scales of structure available to animal communities within a landscape. The edges of these body-mass aggregations reflect transitions between available scales of landscape structure. Such transitions, or scale breaks, are theoretically associated with increased biological variability. We hypothesized that variability in population abundance is greater in animal species near the edge of body-mass aggregations than it is in species that are situated in the interior of body-mass aggregations. We tested this hypothesis by examining both temporal and spatial variability in the abundance of species in the bird community of the Florida...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Body mass; Breeding Bird Survey; Everglades; Phase transition; Scale; Textural discontinuity hypothesis.
Ano: 2009

Scale mismatches and reflexive law
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cumming, Graeme S.; University of Cape Town, South Africa; graeme.cumming@uct.ac.za.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Democracy; Institution; Law; Reflexivity; Scale.
Ano: 2013

Ecosystems and Immune Systems: Hierarchical Response Provides Resilience against Invasions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Allen, Craig; University of Nebraska; allencr@unl.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Biological invasions; Complex systems; Cross-scale; Ecosystem management; Immune systems; Institutions; Resilience; Scale.
Ano: 2001

Mismatch Between Scales of Knowledge in Nepalese Forestry: Epistemology, Power, and Policy Implications
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Ahlborg, Helene; Environmental Systems Analysis, Chalmers University of Technology; helene.ahlborg@chalmers.se; Nightingale, Andrea J.; Institute of Geography and the Lived Environment, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh; School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburgh; andrea.nightingale@ed.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Community forestry; Knowledge scales; Natural resource management; Nepal; Power; Scale.
Ano: 2012

Tweak, Adapt, or Transform: Policy Scenarios in Response to Emerging Bioenergy Markets in the U.S. Corn Belt
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Atwell, Ryan C; Iowa State University, Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management; ryancardiffatwell@gmail.com; Schulte, Lisa A; Iowa State University, Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management; lschulte@iastate.edu; Westphal, Lynne M; U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station; lwestphal@fs.fed.us.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Complexity; Ecosystem services; Iowa; Participatory; Perennials; Resilience; Scale; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2011

Scale Mismatches in Social-Ecological Systems: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cumming, Graeme S; University of Florida; graeme@botzoo.uct.ac.za; Cumming, David H. M.; University of Zimbabwe; cumming@icon.co.zw; Redman, Charles L; Arizona State University; charles.redman@asu.edu.
Scale is a concept that transcends disciplinary boundaries. In ecology and geography, scale is usually defined in terms of spatial and temporal dimensions. Sociological scale also incorporates space and time, but adds ideas about representation and organization. Although spatial and temporal location determine the context for social and ecological dynamics, social-ecological interactions can create dynamic feedback loops in which humans both influence and are influenced by ecosystem processes. We hypothesize that many of the problems encountered by societies in managing natural resources arise because of a mismatch between the scale of management and the scale(s) of the ecological  processes being managed. We use examples from southern Africa and the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Scale; Scale mismatch; Conservation; Management; Ecosystem function; Sociological scale; Southern Africa.
Ano: 2006

Diversity, flexibility, and the resilience effect: lessons from a social-ecological case study of diversified farming in the northern Great Plains, USA
Provedor de dados: 7
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Diversified farming system; Diversity; Drought; Resilience; Northern Great Plains  USA; Scale; Slow variables; Social-ecological systems; Sustainable agriculture; Values-based supply chain.
Ano: 2014

Landscape Change in the Southern Piedmont: Challenges, Solutions, and Uncertainty Across Scales
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Conroy, Michael J; USGS Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; conroy@forestry.uga.edu; Allen, Craig; University of Nebraska; allencr@unl.edu; Peterson, James T; USGS Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit;; Pritchard, Lowell, Jr.; Emory University; lpritc2@emory.edu; Moore, Clinton T; ;.
The southern Piedmont of the southeastern United States epitomizes the complex and seemingly intractable problems and hard decisions that result from uncontrolled urban and suburban sprawl. Here we consider three recurrent themes in complicated problems involving complex systems: (1) scale dependencies and cross-scale, often nonlinear relationships;     (2) resilience, in particular the potential for complex systems to move to alternate stable states with decreased ecological and/or economic value; and (3) uncertainty in the ability to understand and predict outcomes, perhaps particularly those that occur as a result of human impacts. We consider these issues in the context of landscape-level decision making, using as an example water resources and lotic...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Piedmont; Adaptive management; Land use; Model; Resilience; Scale; Sprawl; Uncertainty; Urbanization; Water resources.
Ano: 2003

Methods for Developing Multiscale Participatory Scenarios: Insights from Southern Africa and Europe
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kok, Kasper; Wageningen University; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; Biggs, Reinette (Oonsie); Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR); University of Wisconsin; biggs@wisc.edu; Zurek, Monika; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); zurek@fao.org.
Scenario planning is increasingly recognized as a useful tool for exploring change in social-ecological systems on decadal to centennial time horizons. In environmental decision making, scenario development tends to include participatory methods for engaging stakeholders and is conducted at multiple scales. This paper presents insights from participatory scenario development in two separate multiscale environmental assessments. We find that, to engage stakeholders at multiple scales, it is important that the issues explored at each scale be relevant and credible to stakeholders at that scale. An important trade-off exists between maintaining relevance to stakeholders at different scales and maintaining consistency across scales to allow for comparison of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Mediterranean; Multiscale scenario; Participation; Scale; Scenario; Southern Africa.
Ano: 2007

Scale and Governance: Conceptual Considerations and Practical Implications
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kok, Kasper; Land Dynamics Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; Veldkamp, Tom (A.); Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands;.
Policies have many unforeseen impacts on social-ecological systems at different levels of spatial and temporal scales. Partly because of this, both scale and governance have been and continue to be hotly debated and studied topics within many scientific disciplines. Although there are two distinct vocabularies, both communities seem to be struggling to come to terms with a shift that has common elements. This special feature has two types of contributions, three scoping papers, providing a state-of-the-art overview of the conceptual discussion, and six case study papers that set out to deal with the practicalities of combining scale and governance. The scoping papers strongly indicate that using the notion of complex systems, specifically the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Governance; Scale; Social-ecological system.
Ano: 2011

The Politics of Scale, Position, and Place in the Governance of Water Resources in the Mekong Region
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lebel, Louis; USER, Chiang Mai University; louis@sea-user.org; Garden, Po; USER, Chiang Mai University; po@sea-user.org; Imamura, Masao; USER, Chiang Mai University; masao@sea-user.org.
The appropriate scales for science, management, and decision making cannot be unambiguously derived from physical characteristics of water resources. Scales are a joint product of social and biophysical processes. The politics-of-scale metaphor has been helpful in drawing attention to the ways in which scale choices are constrained overtly by politics, and more subtly by choices of technologies, institutional designs, and measurements. In doing so, however, the scale metaphor has been stretched to cover a lot of different spatial relationships. In this paper, we argue that there are benefits to understanding&amp;#8212;and actions to distinguish&amp;#8212;issues of scale from those of place and position. We illustrate our arguments with examples from the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Governance; Institutions; Knowledge; Mekong; Politics; Scale; Science; Water resources.
Ano: 2005

Matching Social and Ecological Systems in Complex Ocean Fisheries
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Wilson, James A.; University of Maine; Jwilson@maine.edu.
This paper considers ocean fisheries as complex adaptive systems and addresses the question of how human institutions might be best matched to their structure and function. Ocean ecosystems operate at multiple scales, but the management of fisheries tends to be aimed at a single species considered at a single broad scale. The paper argues that this mismatch of ecological and management scale makes it difficult to address the fine-scale aspects of ocean ecosystems, and leads to fishing rights and strategies that tend to erode the underlying structure of populations and the system itself. A successful transition to ecosystem-based management will require institutions better able to economize on the acquisition of feedback about the impact of human...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Resource governance; Fisheries; Complex adaptive systems; Scale; Fishing effort; Decentralization; Governance institutions; Incentives; Multiscale governance; Fishing rights; Ecosystem management; Ecosystem-based management; Polycentric networks.
Ano: 2006

Scale and Cross-Scale Dynamics: Governance and Information in a Multilevel World
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cash, David W.; Massachusetts Executive Office of Environmental Affairs; david.cash@state.ma.us; Adger, W. Neil; University of East Anglia; N.Adger@uea.ac.uk; Berkes, Fikret; University of Manitoba; berkes@cc.umanitoba.ca; Garden, Po; Chiang Mai University; po@sea-user.org; Lebel, Louis; Chiang Mai University; llebel@loxinfo.co.th; Olsson, Per; Stockholm University; potto@system.ecology.su.se; Pritchard, Lowell; National Wildlife Federation; pritchard@nwf.org; Young, Oran; University of California; young@bren.ucsb.edu.
The empirical evidence in the papers in this special issue identifies pervasive and difficult cross-scale and cross-level interactions in managing the environment. The complexity of these interactions and the fact that both scholarship and management have only recently begun to address this complexity have provided the impetus for us to present one synthesis of scale and cross-scale dynamics. In doing so, we draw from multiple cases, multiple disciplines, and multiple perspectives. In this synthesis paper, and in the accompanying cases, we hypothesize that the dynamics of cross-scale and cross-level interactions are affected by the interplay between institutions at multiple levels and scales. We suggest that the advent of co-management structures and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Scale; Level; Cross-scale dynamics; Boundary organization; Co-management.
Ano: 2006

Linking Resilience Theory and Diffusion of Innovations Theory to Understand the Potential for Perennials in the U.S. Corn Belt
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Atwell, Ryan C; Iowa State University; ryancardiffatwell@gmail.com; Schulte, Lisa A; Iowa State University; lschulte@iastate.edu; Westphal, Lynne M; U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station; lwestphal@fs.fed.us.
In the last 200 yr, more than 80% of the land in the U.S. Corn Belt agro-ecosystem has been converted from natural perennial vegetation to intensive agricultural production of row crops.  Despite research showing how re-integration of perennial vegetation, e.g., cover crops, pasture, riparian buffers, and restored wetlands, at strategic landscape positions can bolster declining regional ecosystem functions, the amount of land area devoted to row crop production in the Corn Belt continues to increase.  As this region enters a time of fast-paced and uncertain reorganization driven by the emerging bioeconomy, changes in land use will continue to take place that will impact the resilience of the Corn Belt&amp;#8217;s linked social and ecological systems for...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive co-management; Agriculture; Iowa; Learning; Nonpoint source pollution; Restoration; Scale; Social-ecological systems; Row crops; Corn Belt.
Ano: 2009

Integrating Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Ecological Science: a Question of Scale
Provedor de dados: 7
The benefits and challenges of integrating traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge have led to extensive discussions over the past decades, but much work is still needed to facilitate the articulation and co-application of these two types of knowledge. Through two case studies, we examined the integration of traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge by emphasizing their complementarity across spatial and temporal scales. We expected that combining Inuit traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge would expand the spatial and temporal scales of currently documented knowledge on the arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) and the greater snow goose (Chen caerulescens atlantica), two important tundra species. Using...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Arctic; Inuit; Protected area; Scale; Chen caerulescens atlantica; Traditional ecological knowledge; Vulpes lagopus; Alopex lagopus; Local ecological knowledge; Scientific knowledge.
Ano: 2009

Vertical Interplay among Scale-dependent Environmental and Resource Regimes
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Young, Oran; Bren School, University of California, Santa Barbara; young@bren.ucsb.edu.
Environmental and resource regimes, operating at different levels of social organization, vary in terms of factors such as the sources of actor behavior, the knowledge available to actors, the operation of compliance mechanisms, the use of policy instruments, and the nature of the broader social setting. Cross-level interactions among scale-dependent regimes can result in patterns of dominance, separation, merger, negotiated agreement, or system change. The mechanisms that determine which of these patterns will occur include authority/power differentials, limits of decentralization, dueling discourses, cognitive transitions, and blocking coalitions. Recurrent linkages or syndromes occur in this realm, e.g., limitations of authority and power regularly...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Cross-level interaction; Institution; Jurisdiction; Regime; Scale; Scale dependence; Vertical interplay.
Ano: 2006

Research to Integrate Productivity Enhancement, Environmental Protection, and Human Development
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Sayer, Jeffrey A; WWF (World Wildlife Fund); jsayer@wwfint.org; Campbell, Bruce; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); b.campbell@cgiar.org.
To meet the challenges of poverty and environmental sustainability, a different kind of research will be needed. This research will need to embrace the complexity of these systems by redirecting the objectives of research toward enhancing adaptive capacity, by incorporating more participatory approaches, by embracing key principles such as multi-scale analysis and intervention, and by the use of a variety of tools (e.g., systems analysis, information management tools, and impact assessment tools). Integration will be the key concept in the new approach; integration across scales, components, stakeholders, and disciplines. Integrated approaches, as described in this Special Feature, will require changes in the culture and organization of research.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Decision making; Impact assessment; Integration; Scale; Social learning; Systems modeling.
Ano: 2002

Balancing Accuracy and Meaning in Common-Pool Resource Theory
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cox, Michael; School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University; Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, Indiana University; miecox@indiana.edu.
Common-pool resources are managed in complex environments that are amenable to understanding, analysis, and management at multiple levels. This paper develops a heuristic criterion to identify the costs and benefits of adopting various levels of analysis when constructing theory for common-pool resource management. It argues that there is no single optimal level for such analysis. Instead, a trade-off is posed where theories at higher levels tend to be more accurate but less meaningful than theories at lower levels.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Common-pool resources; Complexity; Institutional analysis; Scale.
Ano: 2008

U.S. wildfire governance as social-ecological problem
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Steelman, Toddi; School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan; North Carolina State University, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources; toddi.steelman@usask.ca.
There are fundamental spatial and temporal disconnects between the specific policies that have been crafted to address our wildfire challenges. The biophysical changes in fuels, wildfire behavior, and climate have created a new set of conditions for which our wildfire governance system is poorly suited to address.  To address these challenges, a reorientation of goals is needed to focus on creating an anticipatory wildfire governance system focused on social and ecological resilience. Key characteristics of this system could include the following: (1) not taking historical patterns as givens; (2) identifying future social and ecological thresholds of concern; (3) embracing diversity/heterogeneity as principles in ecological and social responses; and (4)...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Environmental governance; Institutions; Policy; Scale; Social-ecological system; United States; Wildfire.
Ano: 2016

Surmountable Chasms: Networks and Social Innovation for Resilient Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Moore, Michele-Lee; J. W. McConnell Graduate Fellow, Social Innovation Generation, University of Waterloo; mlmoore@balsillieschool.ca; Westley, Frances ; McConnell Chair, Social Innovation Generation, University of Waterloo; fwestley@uwaterloo.ca.
Complex challenges demand complex solutions. By their very nature, these problems are difficult to define and are often the result of rigid social structures that effectively act as &amp;#8220;traps&amp;#8221;. However, resilience theory and the adaptive cycle can serve as a useful framework for understanding how humans may move beyond these traps and towards the social innovation that is required to address many complex problems. This paper explores the critical question of whether networks help facilitate innovations to bridge the seemingly insurmountable chasms of complex problems to create change across scales, thereby increasing resilience. The argument is made that research has not yet adequately articulated the strategic agency that must be present...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Agency; Complexity; Cross scale; Network theory; Resilience; Scale; Skill sets; Social entrepreneurship; Social innovation; Social networks.
Ano: 2011

A sense of change: media designers and artists communicating about complexity in social-ecological systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Vervoort, Joost M.; Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford; Soil Geography and Landscape group, Wageningen University; Alterra; joost.vervoort@eci.ox.ac.uk; Keuskamp, Diederik H.; Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Amsterdam; d.h.keuskamp@uva.nl; Kok, Kasper; Soil Geography and Landscape group, Wageningen University; Kasper.Kok@wur.nl; van Lammeren, Ron; Laboratory for Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University; ron.vanlammeren@wur.nl; Stolk, Taconis; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Arts Academy; tawstolk@wlfr.nl; Veldkamp, Tom (A.); Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente; veldkamp@itc.nl; Rekveld, Joost; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Art; joost.rekveld@interfaculty.nl; Schelfhout, Ronald; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; ronaldschelfhout@gmail.com; Teklenburg, Bart; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; bartje2012@hotmail.com; Cavalheiro Borges, Andre; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; cavalheiroacb@gmail.com; Wits, Willem; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; willem_wits@hotmail.com; Assmann, Nicky; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; info@nickyassmann.net; Abdi Dezfouli, Erfan; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; info@erfanabdi.com; Cunningham, Kate; ArtScience Interfaculty, Royal Academy of Arts; kecunning@gmail.com; Nordeman, Berend; Media Technology, Leiden University; berend@nordeman.nl; Rowlands, Hannah; Oxford Martin School Programme for the Future of Food, University of Oxford; hannah.rowlands@zoo.ox.ac.uk.
To take on the current and future challenges of global environmental change, fostering a widespread societal understanding of and engagement with the complex dynamics that characterize interacting human and natural systems is essential. Current science communication methods struggle with a number of specific challenges associated with communicating about complex systems. In this study we report on two collaborative processes, a short workshop and longer course, that aimed to harness the insights of interactive media designers and artists to overcome these challenges. The two processes resulted in 86 new interactive media concepts which were selected by the participants and organizers using set criteria and then evaluated using the same criteria by a panel...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Communication; Complexity; Participation; Scale; Serious gaming; Social-ecological systems.
Ano: 2014

Contemporary Visions of Progress in Ecology and Thoughts for the Future
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Starzomski, Brian M; University of British Columbia; starzom@zoology.ubc.ca; Cardinale, Bradley J; Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison; bjcardinale@facstaff.wisc.edu; Dunne, Jennifer A; Santa Fe Institute; jdunne@santafe.edu; Hillery, Melinda J; Centre for Ecosystem Management, Edith Cowan University; m.hillery@ecu.edu.au; Holt, Carrie A; School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University; cholt@sfu.ca; Krawchuk, Meg A; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta; megk@ualberta.ca; Lage, Melissa; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University; Melissa_Lage@Brown.edu; McMahon, Sean; Complex Systems Group, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee; seanmcm@utk.edu; Melnychuk, Michael C; Fisheries Centre, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia; m.melnychuk@fisheries.ubc.ca.
Although ecological research is progressing rapidly, the answers to certain key questions continue to elude us. This paper considers several of the contemporary challenges facing ecology. (1) Terminology is voluminous and often poorly defined, resulting in inefficient communication. (2) The concept of scale affects our inferences about system structure and function, requiring us to continue an almost heuristic investigation of breaks, domains, and integration. New tools that more explicitly incorporate scalar issues will need to be developed for progress to take place in the field of ecology. (3) Increasingly, it is expected that applied questions will be solved in less than a year. This demand for solutions from ecologists often produces short-term and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Cross-discipline research; Foundations of ecology; Information-sharing database; Scale; Statistics; Terminology.
Ano: 2004

From LTER to LTSER: Conceptualizing the Socioeconomic Dimension of Long-term Socioecological Research
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Haberl, Helmut; Institute of Social Ecology, IFF Vienna, Klagenfurt University; Helmut.Haberl@uni-klu.ac.at; Winiwarter, Verena; Dept. of Cultural Analysis, IFF Vienna, Klagenfurt University; verena.winiwarter@univie.ac.at; Andersson, Krister; University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado; kanderss@indiana.edu; Ayres, Robert U.; INSEAD, Fountainebleau and IIASA, Laxenburg; Robert.AYRES@insead.edu; Boone, Christopher; School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Global Institute of Sustainability,; Christopher.G.Boone@asu.edu; Castillo, Alicia; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexic; castillo@oikos.unam.mx; Cunfer, Geoff; Department of History, University of Saskatchewan; geoff.cunfer@usask.ca; Fischer-Kowalski, Marina; Institute of Social Ecology, IFF Vienna, Klagenfurt University; marina.fischer-kowalski@uni-klu.ac.at; Freudenburg, William R.; Environmental Studies Programme, University of California, Santa Barbara; freudenburg@es.ucsb.edu; Furman, Eeva; Finnish Environment Institute, SYKE; Eeva.Furman@ymparisto.fi; Krausmann, Fridolin; Institute of Social Ecology, IFF Vienna, Austria; fridolin.krausmann@uni-klu.ac.at; Mirtl, Michael; Federal Environment Agency Austria; michael.mirtl@umweltbundesamt.at; Redman, Charles L.; International Institute for Sustainability, Arizona State University; charles.redman@asu.edu; Reenberg, Anette; Institute of Geography, University of Copenhagen; Ar@geogr.ku.dk; Wardell, Andrew; Institute of Geography, University of Copenhagen; benjamin.warr@free.fr; Warr, Benjamin; INSEAD, Fountainebleau; benjamin.warr@free.fr; Zechmeister, Harald; Vienna Ecology Centre, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna; harald.zechmeister@univie.ac.at.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Communication; Governance; Land use; Long-term ecological research (LTER); Long-term socioecological research (LTSER); Scale; Society-nature interaction; Socioecological metabolism; Socioecological systems.
Ano: 2006

Frames of Scale Challenges in Finnish and Greek Biodiversity Conservation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Apostolopoulou, Evangelia; Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki ; evaposto@bio.auth.gr; Paloniemi, Riikka ; Environmental Policy Centre, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE); riikka.paloniemi@ymparisto.fi.
Global conservation expansion has been associated with significant changes in cross-scale interactions and in the discourses surrounding them engendering new scale challenges in the field of biodiversity conservation. In this paper, we analyze frames of scale challenges by drawing on evidence from eight focus groups of stakeholders and scientists from Greece and Finland. By following a systematic frame analysis we found three dominant frames. First, framing scale challenges as mainly derived from knowledge gaps regarding ecological scale emphasizes the scale problems occurring when only limited consideration is given to the scale-dependence of ecological phenomena. This prioritizes the formulation of scientifically informed conservation policies,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity governance; Conservation areas; Fit; Frames; Learning; Mismatch; Power; Scale.
Ano: 2012

Foghorns to the Future: Using Knowledge and Transdisciplinarity to Navigate Complex Systems
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cundill, Georgina N. R.; Rhodes University; gcundill@rides.cl; Fabricius, Christo; Rhodes University; c.fabricius@ru.ac.za; Marti, Neus; Autonomous University; neus@amauta.rcp.net.pe.
Complex systems are shaped by cross-scale interactions, nonlinear feedbacks, and uncertainty, among other factors. Transdisciplinary approaches that combine participatory and conventional methods and democratize knowledge to enable diverse inputs, including those from local, informal experts, are essential tools in understanding such systems. The metaphor of a &amp;#8220;bridge&amp;#8221; to overcome the divide between different disciplines and knowledge systems is often used to advocate for more inclusive approaches. However, there is a shortage of information and consensus on the process, methodologies, and techniques that are appropriate to achieve this. This paper compares two case studies from Peru and South Africa in which community-level assessments...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Ecological assessment; Community-based assessment; Complexity; Scale; Epistemology; Methodology; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Complex systems; Uncertainty; Peru; South Africa; Case studies; Transdisciplinary research.
Ano: 2005

Landscape Connectivity as a Function of Scale and Organism Vagility in a Real Forested Landscape
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: D'Eon, Robert G; Self-employed; rdeon@interchange.ubc.ca; Glenn, Susan M; Department of Forest Sciences, University of British Columbia; SGlenn@gccnj.edu; Parfitt, Ian; Selkirk College; iparfitt@selkirk.ca.
Landscape connectivity is considered a vital element of landscape structure because of its importance to population survival. The difficulty surrounding the notion of landscape connectivity is that it must be assessed at the scale of the interaction between an organism and the landscape. We present a unique method for measuring connectivity between patches as a function of organism vagility. We used this approach to assess connectivity between harvest, old-growth, and recent wildfire patches in a real forested landscape in southeast British Columbia. By varying a distance criterion, habitat patches were considered connected and formed habitat clusters if they fell within this critical distance. The amount of area and distance to edge within clusters at...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: British Columbia; Dispersal; Forest fragmentation; Landscape connectivity; Marten; Northern flying squirrel; Northern goshawk; Scale; Vagility.
Ano: 2002

SIMILITUDE AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE ON NON-CONVENTIONAL ROOFS
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Sampaio,Carlos A. de P.; Terezo,Rodrigo F.; Rosa,Talitha O.; Burigo,Mariana C.; Andrade,Leonardo de B.
ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to evaluate the thermal comfort and the similitude between prototypes and reduced models, using non-conventional coverage with green roof and expanded clay aggregate, supported on wood frame structure. For this, were determined the Black Globe Temperature and Humidity Index (BGHI), the Human Discomfort Index (HDI), Effective Temperature (ET), Air Temperature (Tair) and Radiant Thermal Load (RTL), from March 2013 to December 2014. The results showed that there were no statistical differences to 5% significance in predicting heat indices between the prototypes and models. Observing all indexes simultaneously, it was observed that January was the month what led to the worst heat conditions, while June and July showed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Non-conventional roofs; Building; Scale; Environmental factors.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162018000100007

Five critical questions of scale for the coastal zone
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Swaney, D. P.; Humborg, C.; Emeis, K.; Kannen, A.; Silvert, W.; Tett, P.; Pastres, R.; Solidoro, C.; Yamamuro, M.; Henocque, Yves; Nicholls, R.
Social and ecological systems around the world are becoming increasingly globalized. From the standpoint of understanding coastal ecosystem behavior, system boundaries are not sufficient to define causes of change. A flutter in the stock market in Tokyo or Hong Kong can affect salmon producers in Norway or farmers in Togo. The globalization of opportunistic species and the disempowerment of people trying to manage their own affairs on a local scale seem to coincide with the globalization of trade. Human-accelerated environmental change, including climate change, can exacerbate this sense of disenfranchisement. The structure and functioning of coastal ecosystems have been developed over thousands of years subject to environmental forces and constraints...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Scale; Coastal management; Governance; Fishery management; Regime shift; Biogeochemistry.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00073/18437/16086.pdf

Synthèse française des procédures d'estimation d'âge
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mahe, Kelig; Bellail, Robert; Dufour, Jean-louis; Boiron-leroy, Anne; Dimeet, Joel; Duhamel, Erwan; Elleboode, Romain; Felix, Jerome; Grellier, Patrick; Huet, Jerome; Labastie, Jacques; Le Roy, Didier; Lizaud, Oceann; Manten, Marie-line; Martin, Stephane; Metral, Luisa; Nedelec, Daniel; Verin, Yves; Badts, Vincent.
This document presents all the techniques used in routine by Ifremer to estimate the age of fish from the calcified piece. The procedure for estimating age describes each technical stage from the taking of the calcified piece through to the supplying of key sizes/ages to the European work groups. This procedure is specific to each species and even each population of fish.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Poisson; TNPC; Préparation; Procédure; Age; Ecaille; Illicium; Otolithe; Sclérochronologie; Fish; TNPC; Preparation; Procedure; Age; Scale; Illicium; Otolith; Sclerochronology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/7294/rapport-7294.pdf

Numerical analysis of scale morphology to discriminate between atlantic salmon stocks
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Pontual, Helene; Prouzet, Patrick.
The use of an image analysis microsystem with a specially developed software enabled scale image processing, outline extraction and computation of features which are not available in the conventional approach of scale analysis. Those parameters (shape factors, moment invariants and elliptic Fourier coefficients) were introduced into a discriminant analysis process to test their usefulness in stock identification. The method was applied to European stocks originating from Norway (Etne river) and France (Elorn river). The low misclassification rate obtained indicates that this approach is particularly promising.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Saumon atlantique; Écaille; Analyse numérique; Identification de stocks; Atlantic salmon; Scale; Numerical analysis; Stock identification.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00189/30066/28554.pdf

Comparison between the opercular bones, the scales and the otoliths to investigate the growth of the brilliant pomfret (Eumegistus illustris) off the coast of Reunion Island (SW Indian Ocean)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mahe, Kelig; Rabhi, Khalef; Bellamy, Elise; Elleboode, Romain; Aumond, Yoann; Huet, Jerome; Roos, David.
The brilliant pomfret (Eumegistus illustris) occurs in the western part of the Indian Ocean and the western and central Pacific Ocean. To date, the biology of E. illustris has never been documented. The aim of the present study was to investigate age and growth of E. illustris along the coasts of Reunion Island, based on calcified structures analysis. One hundred thirty five individuals were sampled in the landings of the French local artisanal fisheries from March 2014 to March 2015. The relationships between two types of body length (Total and Standard lengths, cm) and Total weight (g) were significant (P&lt;0.05). Total length-weight relationship was described by the following parameters: a=0.012 and b=3.015 without significant effect of sexual...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Eumegistus illustris; Growth; Scale; Otolith; Opercular bone; Indian Ocean; Reunion island.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00307/41861/41113.pdf

Linking estuarine nematodes to their suspected food: a case study from the Westerschelde estuary (south-west Netherlands)
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Moens, T.; Van Gansbeke, D.; Vincx, M.
The present study investigates correlations between abundances of nematodes (at the genus level) and benthic microalgae on an intertidal mudflat in the Westerschelde Estuary (south-west Netherlands), using both multi- and univariate methods. Two sample series, covering surface areas of 10 cm(2) (meioscale) and 1.25 cm(2) (microscale) per sample were analysed. Trophic type analysis indicated that an average of 31% of the nematode community were candidate grazers of microalgae. Multivariate data analysis indicated that only a limited part of the variation in the nematode data could be explained in relation to pigments. Total nematodes did not show any correlation with the pigment data. On the meioscale, the genera &lt;i&gt;Tripyloides&lt;/i&gt; and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Marine nematodes; Meiobenthos; Populations; Populations; Scale; Scale; Bacteria.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=7332

ALTERNATIVES FOR SMALL FARM SURVIVAL: GOVERNMENT POLICIES VERSUS THE FREE MARKET
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tweeten,   Luther G.; Amponsah,   William A.
This paper briefly outlines a topology of small farms and then considers the role of the government versus the market in key public policies such as commodity income support, environment, stability, research, and rural development. A number of options are explored for public policy to better serve small farms, including drastic alternatives such as graduated property taxes on farmland, with exemptions or lower rates for small farms. These and other alternatives are not necessarily recommended. Improved extension education and human resource development offer some of the most promising public policy opportunities to help small farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Government; Limited resource; Market; Programs; Research; Rural; Scale; Small farm; Farm Management.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15249

Designing choice experiments to incorporate tests for geographic scale and scope differences
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rolfe,   John; Windle,   Jill; Bennett,   Jeffrey W.
Designing a choice modelling (CM) experiment to place a value on increasing protection of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) raises complex issues. The size and diversity of the GBR, and the number of different pressures impacting on it, mean protection and improvement scenarios can be drafted in several different ways. This report discusses some of the considerations in selecting, describing and combining choice attributes. It also looks at how to incorporate tests for geographic scale (size) and scope (complexity) differences into the design of the CM survey instrument. The potential to include information about management options designed to achieve increased protection, and the associated risk and uncertainty, is also discussed.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Scale; Scope; Coral reef; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94802

Exploring Scope and Scale Issues in Choice Modelling Design
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rolfe,   John; Wang,   Xuehong.
The key tasks in the design of a choice modelling (CM) experiment are to define the scope, scale and frame of the tradeoffs presented to respondents. This study explores the scale and scope of choice tasks and then develops definitions of these terms. The scope of a good in a stated preference experiment refers to the dimensions used to define the good as well as the tradeoffs involved. The scale refers to the quantities involved. The framing refers to the context in which the choices are made. The discussion helps identify issues when setting the contingent market for a choice experiment.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Scale; Scope; Framing; Embedding; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94806

Scale, Scope, and Specialization Effects on Retailers’ Procurement Strategies: Evidence from the Fresh Produce Markets of São Paulo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mainville,   Denise Y.; Reardon,   Thomas; Farina,   Elizabeth Maria Mercier Querido.
Worldwide, the emergence of large supermarket chains in food retail markets is often associated with the marginalization of smaller retailers. A notable exception exists in Brazil, however, where small retailers have held their place in the market and recently even gained ground. The literature investigating how retail concentration has affected agrifood chains has focused activities of the largest retail chains, implicitly holding the scale, scope and specialization of retailers’ input needs constant, and overlooking the influence of these factors on retailers’ procurement strategies. This paper tests hypotheses regarding these variables’ effects on retailers’ fresh produce procurement strategies. Data is drawn from a survey of retailers in metropolitan...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Scale; Scope; Specialization; Procurement strategy; Fresh produce; Retail; Political Economy; L22.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61282

SOCIAL AND SCALE EFFICIENCY GAINS DUE TO VERTICAL INTEGRATION IN THE U.S. HOG SECTOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Helmers,   Glenn A.; Shaik,   Saleem; Atwood,   Joseph A.
Using a non-parametric linear programming approach, our contribution is (1) to examine if efficiency gains in hog production are realized due to vertical integration and (2) to demonstrate the efficiency gains that are realized are a product of economies of scope and scale.  The model uses U.S. hog sector data for the period, 1982-1997.  Results indicate efficiency gains are realized due to vertical integration and can be explained by scope and scale efficiency gains.  The t-test at the 5% level of significance indicates the mean overall efficiency gains; scope efficiency gains and scale efficiency gains are significantly different from one.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nonparametric linear programming approach; Vertical integration; Scale; Scope; Efficiency gains; U.S. Hog sector; Industrial Organization; O3; C6; Q1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35143

Is There Surplus Labor in Rural India?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Foster,   Andrew D.; Rosenzweig,   Mark R.
We show empirically using panel data at the plot and farm level and based on a model incorporating supervision costs, risk, credit-market imperfections and scale-economies associated with mechanization that small-scale farming is inefficient in India. Larger farms are more profitable per acre, more mechanized, less constrained in input use after bad shocks, and employ less per-acre labor than small farms. Based on our structural estimates of the effects of farm size on labor use and the distribution of Indian landholdings, we estimate that over 20% of the Indian agricultural labor force is surplus if minimum farm scale is 20 acres.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; India; Scale; Profits; Labor; Tractors; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Risk and Uncertainty; O13; O16; O53.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95273

Issues of scale and scope in bio-physical modelling for natural resource management decision making in New South Wales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hill,   Christine M.; Farquharson,   Robert J.; Ferrier,   Simon; Grieve,   Alastair.
Natural resource management decision making by Catchment Management Authorities in NSW is being aided by a project involving bio-physical modelling and the development of an alternative decision-making framework. The objective of the bio-physical modelling process is to generate predictions of environmental or natural resource outcomes rather than project outputs. These outcomes can then be used in an investment framework to help priority setting and project decision making. Questions that arise in bio-physical modelling include those relating to scale and scope. Scale issues include how to address the landscape impacts of particular (or a series of local) on-ground works proposals. Scope issues include assessment of multiple-attribute responses to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental benefits; Bio-physical models; Scale; Scope; Investment decisions; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10427

OPTIMAL SPATIAL SCALE FOR EVALUATING ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRADEOFFS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Antle,   John M.; Capalbo,   Susan Marie; Mooney,   Sian.
This paper develops a conceptual framework that can provide a scientific foundation for formulating policies that consider environmental and economic tradeoffs.  It addresses a critical problem recognized in the environmental sciences, namely, choosing the appropriate spatial scale for measurement and analysis of spatially variable economic and biophysical processes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Scale; Carbon sequestration; Agriculture; Economic policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21660

On the Productive Value of Biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Chavas,   Jean-Paul.
The paper investigates the value of biodiversity as it relates to the productive value of services provided by an ecosystem. It analyzes how the value of an ecosystem can be "greater than the sum of its parts." First, it proposes a general measure of the value of biodiversity. Second, this measure is decomposed into four components, reflecting the role of complementarity, scale, convexity, and catalytic effects. This provides new information on the sources and determinants of biodiversity value. Third, the paper examines the role of uncertainty. In this context, the role of risk and of downside-risk exposure and their effects on the value of biodiversity are explored. This provides useful insights on how management and policy decisions can affect the value...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Productive value; Complementarity; Scale; Convexity; Catalytic effect; Uncertainty; Environmental Economics and Policy; D6; Q2; Q5.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21280

Scale, scope, and specialization effects on retailers’ procurement strategies: evidence from the fresh produce markets of São Paulo
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Mainville,Denise Y.; Reardon,Thomas; Farina,Elizabeth M.M.Q.
Worldwide, the emergence of large supermarket chains in food retail markets is often associated with the marginalization of smaller retailers. A notable exception exists in Brazil, however, where small retailers have held their place in the market and recently even gained ground. The literature investigating how retail concentration has affected agrifood chains has focused activities of the largest retail chains, implicitly holding the scale, scope and specialization of retailers’ input needs constant, and overlooking the influence of these factors on retailers’ procurement strategies. This paper tests hypotheses regarding these variables’ effects on retailers’ fresh produce procurement strategies. Data is drawn from a survey of retailers in metropolitan...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scale; Scope; Specialization; Procurement strategy; Fresh produce; Retail.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032008000100009

Segments of competition in south brazilian wineries
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Miele,Marcelo; Coldebella,Arlei; Waquil,Paulo Dabdab; Miele,Alberto.
The international restructuring process in the beverage sector reached the winemaking business in the 1990s, changing its panorama. Increasing competitive pressure is a characteristic of this period with significant impact in regions such as the countries belonging to the Mercosul block. To support firm strategies and public policies, the goal of this study was to identify the competition segments in winemaking in Rio Grande do Sul, the southern state of Brazil, and in a specific form to propose a typology of wineries based on the Industrial Organization literature. The data used are from the State Wineries Data Bank of Rio Grande do Sul, which were submitted to multivariate statistical analysis, integrating a cluster and principal components analysis in a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Diversification; Scale; Typology; Wine.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162007000300003

Role of small scale farmers to Thai sugar industry
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Sriroth, K.
Palavras-chave: Role; Scale; Farmers; Sugar; Industry.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/4852

Reliability and clinical utility of a Portuguese version of the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS) for tardive dyskinesia in Brazilian patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Tonelli,H.; Tonelli,D.; Poiani,G.R.; Vital,M.A.B.F.; Andreatini,R.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the reliability and clinical utility of a Portuguese version of the Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale (AIMS). Videotaped interviews with 16 psychiatric inpatients treated with antipsychotic drugs for at least 5 years were evaluated. Reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between three raters, two with and one without clinical training in psychopathology. Clinical utility was assessed by the difference between the scores of patients with (N = 11) and without (N = 5) tardive dyskinesia (TD). Patients with TD exhibited a higher severity of global evaluation by the AIMS (sum of scores: 4.2 ± 0.9 vs 0.4 ± 0.2; score on item 8: 2.3 ± 0.3 vs 0.4 ± 0.2, TD vs controls). The ICC...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Reliability; Scale; Tardive dyskinesia; Clinical utility.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000400014