Consulta: subjectFacets:"Schizophrenia"
Registros recuperados: 20
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 06:37:08

Genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in dystrobrevin binding protein 1 gene with schizophrenia in a Malaysian population
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Tan,Grace Kang Ning; Tee,Shiau Foon; Tang,Pek Yee.
Dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) gene is pivotal in regulating the glutamatergic system. Genetic variants of the DTNBP1 affect cognition and thus may be particularly relevant to schizophrenia. We therefore evaluated the association of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with schizophrenia in a Malaysian population (171 cases; 171 controls). Associations between these six SNPs and schizophrenia were tested in two stages. Association signals with p &lt; 0.05 and minor allele frequency &gt; 0.05 in stage 1 were followed by genotyping the SNPs in a replication phase (stage 2). Genotyping was performed with sequenced specific primer (PCR-SSP) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). In our sample, we found significant associations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Case-control study; DTNBP1; Schizophrenia; Single nucleotide polymorphism.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572015000200138

Expression in normals and in subjects with schizophrenia of a novel gene fragment originally isolated from monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Zumárraga,Mercedes; Andía,Isabel; Dávila,Ricardo; Miller,Jeannette C.; Friedhoff,Arnold J.
Differentially expressed clones from subtracted cDNA libraries of a pair of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia have been reported in the literature. The clones were expressed in lymphocytes from the healthy twin, but not from the schizophrenic twin. In the current study, we assessed the expression of one of these clones, oksc12b, in 10 normal controls and in 10 patients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and had never received neuroleptic medication. We hypothesized that this clone would be differentially expressed in normal controls and in the schizophrenic patients, and that its expression could be a peripheral marker of the disease. Lymphocytes were isolated and total RNA was purified, reverse-transcribed, and quantified by two PCR...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Monozygotic twins; MRNA; Schizophrenia.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000100004

Schizophrenia is not associated with the ERBB3 gene in a Han Chinese population sample: results from case-control and family-based studies
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Li,Dawei; He,Guang; Xu,Yifeng; Duan,Yun; Gu,Niufan; Li,Xingwang; Shi,Yongyong; Qin,Wei; Feng,Guoyin; He,Lin.
ERBB3 (v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3), encoding a receptor of neuregulin-1 (NRG1), has been considered a functional candidate gene for schizophrenia susceptibility. In order to investigate a relationship between ERBB3 gene and schizophrenia in the Chinese population, case-control and family-based studies were carried out in 470 cases matched by controls, and in 532 family trios. Our results failed to show any evidence of significant association between the ERBB3 rs2292238 polymorphism and schizophrenia.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; ERBB3 gene.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000400011

Olfactory deficit as a result of clozapine withdrawal syndrome in an animal model of schizophrenia: preliminary results
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: PACHECO,FELIPE D.; SILVA,MAURICIO L. DA; BATISTA,GRAZIELA; SANTOS,WITÓRIA; CASTRO,ADALBERTO A. DE; CANEVER,LARA; ZUGNO,ALEXANDRA I.
ABSTRACT Clozapine is an antipsychotic that produces serious withdrawal effects in schizophrenic patients. Olfactory deficits are well known as part of negative symptoms, but it is not known whether antipsychotic use and/or withdrawal are implicated. Then, we tested clozapine withdrawal in association with two widely used schizophrenia models: Neonatal immune challenge by Polycitidilic-polyinosinic acid (polyI:C) and ketamine. PolyI:C (or saline) was injected subcutaneously in neonatal period, dose of 5 mg/kg from 2 to 6 Post Natal Days, and ketamine or saline at the dose 25mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.), daily for 7 days from 53 to 60 post natal day. Clozapine 10mg/kg (or saline) was administered i.p. from 46 to 60 post natal day. Olfactory discrimination...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Olfactory deficit; Clozapine; Schizophrenia; Animal model.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000401659

Alzheimer´s Disease associated with Psychiatric Comorbidities
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Garcez,Michelle L.; Falchetti,Ana Carolina B.; Mina,Francielle; Budni,Josiane.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and has become a severe public health issue. It is estimated that globally, 35.6% of people have some form of dementia. This number is expected to double by 2030, and possibly even triple by 2050. The disease is associated with deficits in cognition/memory and a reduced ability in coping with everyday life. Moreover, patients can experience behavioral alterations such as mood swings, depression and hallucinations. Therefore, it is common to find the presence of neuropsychiatric comorbidities such as depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder during the course or development of AD. These disorders can become severe enough to interfere with the patients daily functioning, and can worsen the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alzheimer's disease; Bipolar disorder; Depression; Schizophrenia.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000301461

Effects of omega-3 supplementation on interleukin and neurotrophin levels in an animal model of schizophrenia
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ZUGNO,ALEXANDRA I.; CANEVER,LARA; MASTELLA,GUSTAVO; HEYLMANN,ALEXANDRA S.; OLIVEIRA,MARIANA B.; STECKERT,AMANDA V.; CASTRO,ADALBERTO A.; PIZZOL,FELIPE DAL; QUEVEDO,JOÃO; GAMA,CLARISSA S.
ABSTRACTNew studies suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as omega-3, may reduce the symptoms of schizophrenia. The present study evaluated the preventive effect of omega-3 on interleukines (IL) and neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the brains of young rats subjected to a model of schizophrenia. Treatment was performed over 21 days, starting on the 30th day of rat's life. After 14 days of treatment with omega-3 or vehicle, a concomitant treatment with saline or ketamine (25 mg/kg) was started and maintained until the last day of the experiment. BDNF levels in the rat's prefrontal cortex were decreased at 1 h and 24 h after the last administration of ketamine, whereas the group administered with ketamine and omega-3...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Omega-3; Ketamine; Schizophrenia; Neurotrophins; Interleukins.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000301475

The preventive effects of ascorbic acid supplementation on locomotor and acetylcholinesterase activity in an animal model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: DAMAZIO,LOUYSE S.; SILVEIRA,FLÁVIA R.; CANEVER,LARA; CASTRO,ADALBERTO A. DE; ESTRELA,JADNE M.; BUDNI,JOSIANE; ZUGNO,ALEXANDRA I.
ABSTRACT Studies have shown that schizophrenic patients seem to have nutritional deficiencies. Ascorbic acid (AA) has an important antioxidant effect and neuromodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of AA on locomotor activity and the acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in an animal model of schizophrenia (SZ). Rats were supplemented with AA (0.1, 1, or 10 mg/kg), or water for 14 days (gavage). Between the 9th and 15th days, the animals received Ketamine (Ket) (25 mg/kg) or saline (i.p). After the last administration (30 min) rats were subjected to the behavioral test. Brain structures were dissected for biochemical analysis. There was a significant increase in the locomotor activity in Ket treated. AA prevented the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Ascorbic acid; Ketamine; Hyperlocomotion; Acetylcholinesterase.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000301133

Abnormal Electrophysiological Activation in Schizophrenics during a Personal Traits Attribution Task
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: SILVA,JAIME R; TORRES,WALTER M; ORTIZ,MANUEL S.
Changes in personal identity have been described as a major component in the expression of schizophrenia. Considering current evidence that relates the cortical structures of the medial line with the self, we hypothesize that there are differences in the frontomedial electrophysiological activation in schizophrenics when compared to normal subjects during tasks that require this function. In an experimental design, 9 schizophrenic and 7 normal subjects participated in a personal traits attribution task regarding the attribution of the self, another person and a simple reading. Electric brain activity was recorded with a dense array of 128 electrodes, with evoked brain potentials being obtained for the three conditions. Considering the evoked potential...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Event related potential; Self.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000200003

Schizophrenia and reelin: a model based on prenatal stress to study epigenetics, brain development and behavior
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Negrón-Oyarzo,Ignacio; Lara-Vásquez,Ariel; Palacios-García,Ismael; Fuentealba,Pablo; Aboitiz,Francisco.
Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder that results in a significant disability for the patient. The disorder is characterized by impairment of the adaptive orchestration of actions, a cognitive function that is mainly dependent on the prefrontal cortex. This behavioral deficit, together with cellular and neurophysiological alterations in the prefrontal cortex, as well as reduced density of GABAergic cells and aberrant oscillatory activity, all indicate structural and functional deficits of the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Among the several risk factors for the development of schizophrenia, stress during the prenatal period has been identified as crucial. Thus, it is proposed that prenatal stress induces neurodevelopmental alterations in the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Prefrontal cortex; Prenatal stress; Functional connectivity; DNA methylation; Reelin.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100016

Topographic abnormality of slow cortical potentials in schizophrenia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Basile,L.F.H.; Yacubian,J.; Ferreira,B.L.C.; Valim,A.C.; Gattaz,W.F.
A recent study from our laboratory has provided evidence for the generation of slow potentials occurring in anticipation to task-performance feedback stimuli, in multiple association cortical areas, consistently including two prefrontal areas. In the present study, we intended to determine whether these slow potentials would indicate some abnormality (topographic) in schizophrenic patients, and thus serve as an indication of abnormal association cortex activity. We recorded slow potentials while subjects performed a paired-associates memory task. A 123-channel EEG montage and common average reference were used for 20 unmedicated schizophrenic (mean duration of illness: 11.3 ± 9.2 years; mean number of previous hospitalizations: 1.2 ± 1.9) and 22 healthy...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: High-resolution EEG; Slow potentials; Contingent negative variations; Schizophrenia; Source localization; Functional brain mapping.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000100014

Decision support system for the diagnosis of schizophrenia disorders
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Razzouk,D.; Mari,J.J.; Shirakawa,I.; Wainer,J.; Sigulem,D.
Clinical decision support systems are useful tools for assisting physicians to diagnose complex illnesses. Schizophrenia is a complex, heterogeneous and incapacitating mental disorder that should be detected as early as possible to avoid a most serious outcome. These artificial intelligence systems might be useful in the early detection of schizophrenia disorder. The objective of the present study was to describe the development of such a clinical decision support system for the diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SADDESQ). The development of this system is described in four stages: knowledge acquisition, knowledge organization, the development of a computer-assisted model, and the evaluation of the system's performance. The knowledge was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Clinical decision support systems; Artificial intelligence; Decision making; Expert systems; Schizophrenia; Medical informatics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000100014

Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rosa,M.L.N.M.; Silva,R.C.B.; Moura-de-Carvalho,F.T.; Brandão,M.L.; Guimarães,F.S.; Del Bel,E.A.
Rats reared under isolation conditions from weaning present a number of behavioral changes compared to animals reared under social conditions (group housing). These changes include deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex to a loud sound. PPI refers to the reduction of the magnitude of the startle reflex when a relatively weak stimulus (the prepulse) precedes by an appropriate time interval the intense startle-elicing stimulus (the pulse). PPI is useful for studying sensorimotor integration. The present study evaluated the effect of handling on the impairment of PPI induced by isolation-rearing. Male Wistar rats (N = 11-15/group) were housed in groups (5 per cage and handled three times a week) or isolated (housed individually) since...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Stress; Rat; Schizophrenia; Social isolation; Prepulse inhibition; Locomotor activity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001100018

Neurodevelopmental risk factors in schizophrenia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lobato,M.I.; Belmonte-de-Abreu,P.; Knijnik,D.; Teruchkin,B.; Ghisolfi,E.; Henriques,A.
The authors review environmental and neurodevelopmental risk factors for schizophrenic disorders, with emphasis on minor physical anomalies, particularly craniofacial anomalies and dermatoglyphic variations. The high prevalence of these anomalies among schizophrenic subjects supports the neurodevelopmental theory of the etiology of schizophrenia, since they suggest either genetically or epigenetically controlled faulty embryonic development of structures of ectodermal origin like brain and skin. This may disturb neurodevelopment that in turn may cause these subjects to be at increased risk for the development of schizophrenia and related disorders. The precise confirmation of this theory, at least in some cases, will provide further understanding of these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Neurodevelopmental disorder; Risk factors.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000200002

Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an antipsychotic drug
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zuardi,A.W.; Crippa,J.A.S.; Hallak,J.E.C.; Moreira,F.A.; Guimarães,F.S.
A high dose of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main Cannabis sativa (cannabis) component, induces anxiety and psychotic-like symptoms in healthy volunteers. These effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol are significantly reduced by cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis constituent which is devoid of the typical effects of the plant. This observation led us to suspect that CBD could have anxiolytic and/or antipsychotic actions. Studies in animal models and in healthy volunteers clearly suggest an anxiolytic-like effect of CBD. The antipsychotic-like properties of CBD have been investigated in animal models using behavioral and neurochemical techniques which suggested that CBD has a pharmacological profile similar to that of atypical antipsychotic drugs. The results...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cannabidiol; D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol; Cannabinoid; Anxiety; Antipsychotic; Schizophrenia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000400001

Animal models of prenatal immune challenge and their contribution to the study of schizophrenia: a systematic review
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Macêdo,D.S.; Araújo,D.P.; Sampaio,L.R.L.; Vasconcelos,S.M.M.; Sales,P.M.G.; Sousa,F.C.F.; Hallak,J.E.; Crippa,J.A.; Carvalho,A.F.
Prenatal immune challenge (PIC) in pregnant rodents produces offspring with abnormalities in behavior, histology, and gene expression that are reminiscent of schizophrenia and autism. Based on this, the goal of this article was to review the main contributions of PIC models, especially the one using the viral-mimetic particle polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly-I:C), to the understanding of the etiology, biological basis and treatment of schizophrenia. This systematic review consisted of a search of available web databases (PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, PsycINFO, and ISI Web of Knowledge) for original studies published in the last 10 years (May 2001 to October 2011) concerning animal models of PIC, focusing on those using poly-I:C. The results showed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Animal models; Neurodevelopment; Prenatal immune activation; Poly-I:C.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000300001

Glutamate-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulation and minocycline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia: an update
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Chaves,C.; Marque,C.R.; Trzesniak,C.; Machado de Sousa,J.P.; Zuardi,A.W.; Crippa,J.A.S.; Dursun,S.M.; Hallak,J.E.
Growing consistent evidence indicates that hypofunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) transmission plays a pivotal role in the neuropathophysiology of schizophrenia. Hence, drugs which modulate NMDA neurotransmission are promising approaches to the treatment of schizophrenia. The aim of this article is to review clinical trials with novel compounds acting on the NMDA receptor (NMDA-R). This review also includes a discussion and translation of neuroscience into schizophrenia therapeutics. Although the precise mechanism of action of minocycline in the brain remains unclear, there is evidence that it blocks the neurotoxicity of NMDA antagonists and may exert a differential effect on NMDA signaling pathways. We, therefore, hypothesize that the effects of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; NMDA agonist; Glycine; Glutamate; Clinical trial; Minocycline.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009001100002

Attention in schizophrenia and in epileptic psychosis
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Kairalla,I.C.J; Mattos,P.E.L; Hoexter,M.Q; Bressan,R.A; Mari,J.J; Shirakawa,I.
The adaptive behavior of human beings is usually supported by rapid monitoring of outstanding events in the environment. Some investigators have suggested that a primary attention deficit might trigger symptoms of schizophrenia. In addition, researchers have long discussed the relationship between schizophrenia and the schizophrenia-like psychosis of epilepsy (SLPE). On the basis of these considerations, the objective of the present study was to investigate attention performance of patients with both disorders. Patient age was 18 to 60 years, and all patients had received formal schooling for at least four years. Patients were excluded if they had any systemic disease with neurologic or psychiatric comorbidity, or a history of brain surgery. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Attention; Schizophrenia; Psychotic disorders; Epilepsy; Neuropsychology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000100010

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the frontal, cingulate and perirolandic cortices and its relationship to skin conductance in patients with schizophrenia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Sanches,R.F.; Crippa,J.A.S.; Hallak,J.E.C.; de Sousa,J.P.M.; Araújo,D.; Santos,A.C.; Zuardi,A.W.
The aim of the present study was to determine whether specific subgroups of schizophrenic patients, grouped according to electrodermal characteristics, show differences in the N-acetylaspartate/creatine plus choline (NAA / (Cr + Cho)) ratios in the frontal, cingulate and perirolandic cortices. Skin conductance levels (SCL) and skin conductance responses to auditory stimulation were measured in 38 patients with schizophrenia and in the same number of matched healthy volunteers (control). All subjects were submitted to multivoxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. When compared to the control group, patients presented significantly lower NAA / (Cr + Cho) ratios in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (schizophrenia = 0.95 ± 0.03; control =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Skin conductance; Schizophrenia; N-acetylaspartate; Cingulate region; Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008001200015

A smart approach for delivery of aripiprazole via oro-soft palatal mucosal route for improved therapeutic efficacy
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Madhav,Nookala Venkala Satheesh; Ojha,Abhijeet; Jaiswal,Vishakha.
Effective management of schizophrenia, acute mania, mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorders, and depression can be managed with aripiprazole moiety. In the present research work an attempt was made to minimize the dose related side effects thus improving the quality life of the patients. A novel biopolymer was isolated from the fruits of Trachyspermum ammi. Ten optimized nanosized aripiprazole loaded formulations were prepared in 1-5% concentration of biopolymer (FA1-FA5) and sodium CMC (FM1-FM5) by solvent casting technique. The formulated flexy films were evaluated for thickness, folding endurance, weight uniformity, surface pH, mucoadhesivity, In-vitro drug release studies, In-vivo pharmacodynamic study and stability studies. The isolated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aripiprazole/therapeutic efficacy; Nanosized; Mucoadhesive; Schizophrenia; Oro-soft palatal mucosal route.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502018000300611

Schizophrenia: effects of aripiprazole in metabolic syndrome
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Silva,Deborah Galvão Coelho da; Kanazawa,Luiz Kae Sales; Vecchia,Débora Dalla.
Schizophrenia, in general, is characterized by severe and disabling mental alterations, characterized by the impairment of one’s mental, behavioral and social activities, developing certain clinical symptoms, relevant to the diagnosis. The drugs used for the reversion of the symptoms cause several adverse effects that affect the patient’s health and well-being, such as motor, endocrine and cardiovascular damages. For a long time, little was known about the origin and the treatment of schizophrenia, which has become a curiosity for science, originating countless researches and theories that are background for several treatments. It is known that alterations in dopaminergic pathways are related to the development of the symptoms of the disease, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Pharmacotherapy; Antipsychotics; Aripiprazole; Metabolic Syndrome.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502019000100552