Consulta: subjectFacets:"Stochastic dominance"
Registros recuperados: 35
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 06:55:20

Welfare distribution and poverty in Uganda, 1992 to 2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Okidi,   John A.; Okwi,   Paul O.; Ddumba-Ssentamu,   John.
This study covers a period of far-reaching economic reform policies and programs in Uganda. Measures of inequality and stochastic dominance analysis are applied to a series of regionally representatives national household surveys data to shed light on the patterns of inter-temporal changes in levels and distribution of welfare in Uganda. Stochastic dominance analysis of welfare distribution reveals that Ugandan households were better off in 2000 and 1997 than in 1992 irrespective of the choice of a poverty line. Using a sub-regional panel data set that was constructed on the basis of rural/urban categorization we estimate elasticities of poverty with respect to growth to illustrate that deliberate policies focusing on welfare distribution would...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Uganda; Inequality; Stochastic dominance; Poverty reduction; Poverty elasticities; Okidi; EPRC; Consumer/Household Economics; Financial Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Livestock Production/Industries; Political Economy; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93853

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries Comparatively Well Endowed with Natural Resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Melanesian countries of similar size and structure that are comparatively well endowed with natural resources: Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Total export values increased over the study period in Solomon Islands, brought about by a significant increase in the value of non-agricultural resource exports. Agricultural exports showed small increases but the average annual rate of growth was only 1.3 per cent for agricultural export values compared with 10.7 per cent in non-agricultural export values.  The record of commodity export performance in Vanuatu over the study period was less impressive, with a small average annual decline in total export values. This decline was caused by...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12937

Export Performance in Papua New Guinea, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Papua New Guinea from 1960 to 1999. A country with abundant natural resources, Papua New Guinea was able to experience significant growth in total export values throughout the final four decades of the 20th century, with each succeeding decade stochastically dominating the previous one. The expansion of mineral and energy exports from the early 1970s was the major source of this growth.  The powerful influence of an expanding minerals and energy sector must nevertheless be of concern in that this sector and other non-agricultural resource sectors comprise mainly extractive or quasi-extractive industries given the production practices that currently exist. Little progress has been made...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Papua New Guinea; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12927

Feasible Fumigant-Herbicide System Alternatives to Methyl Bromide for Bell Pepper Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Byrd,   Mark M.; Escalante,   Cesar L.; Fonsah,   Esendugue Greg; Wetzstein,   Michael E.
With the current methyl bromide (MeBr) system for producing Georgia’s peppers being phased out, alternative fumigant and herbicide systems for producers are analyzed. Using stochastic dominance analyses, two alternatives exceeding MeBr’s yield and financial efficiency were identified. A programming model, incorporating simulation-optimization techniques, generated optimal production and financial plans. Results indicate potential economic viability under alternative systems vis-à-vis the traditional MeBr production system. The Telone II and Chloropicrin combination with Metham potassium may offer a viable substitute for MeBr.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fumigant; Herbicide; Methyl bromide; Multi-period programming; Optimization; Simulation; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62283

The Impacts of Farm Size and Economic Risk on No-Till Rice Whole-Farm Profitability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watkins,   K. Bradley; Hignight,   Jeffrey A.; Anders,   Merle M.
This study evaluated the impacts of farm size and stochastic return variability on no-till (NT) rice profitability at the whole-farm level. Mixed integer programming was used to determine optimal machinery complements, fuel consumption, and machinery labor requirements for conventional till (CT) and NT rice-soybean farms of 1200, 2400, and 3600 acres in size. Crop yields, market prices, and prices for key production inputs were simulated to construct stochastic whole-farm net returns for each farm size under CT and NT management, and both first and second degree stochastic dominance analysis were used to rank cumulative distribution functions of whole-farm returns according to specified risk preferences. The results indicate NT farms exhibit second degree...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mixed integer programming; No-till; Profitability; Rice; Risk; Simulation; Stochastic dominance; Whole-farm; Farm Management; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98733

Factor Input Demand Subject to Economic and Environmental Risk: The Case of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Corn Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carriker,   Gordon L.
Nitrogen (N) fertilizer demand in relation to economic and environmental risks associated with N-fertilizer management are examined. Both nominal and environmental damage-adjusted net returns distributions are evaluated using stochastic dominance analysis. Results suggest that, in the absence of environmental risk, N demand becomes more elastic as farmers become more risk averse. When environmental risk is introduced to the decision-making process, N demand becomes even more elastic.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental damage; Factor input demand; Nitrogen fertilizer management; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118154

Evaluating Crop and Revenue Insurance Products as Risk Management Tools for Texas Cotton Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Field,   James E.; Misra,   Sukant K.; Ramirez,   Octavio A.
This paper develops and illustrates the application of a procedure to evaluate and compare the cost effectiveness of alternative crop insurance products for cotton in terms of their effect on expected producer net returns and the variation of net returns.  Farm unit-level cotton yields and state-level price distributions are estimated by a multivariate nonnormal parametric modeling procedure and used to simulate the net returns to alternative crop insurance products over a 10-year planning horizon.  The ranking of alternative insurance products using third-degree stochastic dominance is presented for Texas cotton producers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cotton; Crop insurance; Multivariate nonnormal parametric modeling; Stochastic dominance; C5; Q1.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37314

RISK PREFERENCES AND CONTRACTING IN THE U.S. HOG INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Johnson,   C. Scott; Foster,   Kenneth A.
Much of the increase use of vertical coordination in the U.S. swine industry has taken place through contract production.  While the incidence of contracting is much higher in nontraditional hog production areas, a growing number of Midwestern producers are being faced with contract options.  A variety of contractual arrangements are available through feed companies, integrators, genetics firms, and packers.  However, little is known about the profitability and risk characteristics of these alternatives.  This research suggests that risk neutral producers in the Midwest would prefer independent production, and risk averse producers would prefer to choose among the various types of coordination arrangements.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Stochastic dominance; Risk; Contract production; Swine; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15166

PRODUCTION RISK AND CROP INSURANCE IN MALTING BARLEY: A STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gustafson,   Cole R.; Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Malt barley is an important specialty crop in the Northern Plains and growers mitigate risk with federally subsidized crop insurance and production contracts.  However, growers face considerable risk due to "“coverage gaps"” in crop insurance that result in uncertain indemnity payments due to uncertainty of their crop meeting contract specifications.  A stochastic dominance model is developed to evaluate alternative risk efficient strategies for growers with differing risk attitudes and production practices (irrigation vs. dryland).  Results show that efficient choices are highly dependent on risk attitudes for dryland growers, but not irrigated growers.  Sensitivities with respect to acceptance risk and level of crop insurance subsidization are presented....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop insurance; Malting barley; Stochastic dominance; Stochastic efficiency; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21095

Impact of Soil Conservation on Crop Production in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kassie,   Menale; Pender,   John L.; Yesuf,   Mahmud; Kohlin,   Gunnar; Bluffstone,   Randall; Mulugeta,   Elias.
Land degradation, in the form of soil erosion and nutrient depletion, threatens food security and the sustainability of agricultural production in many developing countries. Governments and development agencies have invested substantial resources in promoting soil conservation practices, in an effort to improve environmental conditions and reduce poverty. However, very limited rigorous empirical work has examined the economics of adopting soil conservation technology. This paper investigates the impact of stone bunds1 on crop production value per hectare in low and high rainfall areas of the Ethiopian highlands using cross-sectional data from more than 900 households having multiple plots per household. We use modified random effects models, stochastic...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Soil conservation; Crop production; Agro-ecology; Matching method; Stochastic dominance; Modified random effects model; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42366

LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS' EXPENDITURES ON FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Blisard,   Noel; Stewart,   Hayden; Jolliffe,   Dean.
This report analyzes fruit and vegetable expenditures by low-income households and higher income households, and compares the sensitivity of both groups' purchases to changes in income. On average, low-income households spent $3.59 per capita per week on fruits and vegetables in 2000 while higher income households spent $5.02-a statistically significant difference. In addition, a statistical demand model indicates that marginal increases in income received by low-income households are not spent on additional fruits and vegetables. In contrast, increases in income received by higher income households do increase their fruit and vegetable expenditures. One interpretation of this finding is that low-income households will allocate an additional dollar of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Low-income; Food expenditures; Fruits and vegetables; Stochastic dominance; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34041

Do Income Constraints Inhibit Spending on Fruits and Vegetables Among Low-Income Households?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stewart,   Hayden; Blisard,   Noel; Jolliffe,   Dean.
This study assesses whether income constraints inhibit spending on fruits and vegetables among low-income households. If this is the case, then it is hypothesized that the distribution of expenditures on fruits and vegetables by low-income households should be stochastically dominated by the distribution of expenditures on these same food items by other households. Moreover, it must be the case that low-income households would increase their spending on fruits and vegetables in response to an increase in their income. Using household data from the 2000 Consumer Expenditure Survey, a test of stochastic dominance is performed. Censored quantile regressions are also estimated at selected points of the conditional expenditure distribution. Low income...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Censored least absolute deviations; Consumption; Fruits and vegetables; Low-income households; Nutrition; Sample design; Stochastic dominance; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31064

The Effects of Weather and Output Price Risk on the Economic Returns of  Backgrounding Feeding Cattle
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Harrison,   R. Wes.
Stochastic simulation is used to analyze the effects of weather and output price risks on feeder cattle backgrounding systems common to the mid-south region of the United States. The results show that backgrounding systems beginning in the fall and ending from April to late August are associated with higher expected returns relative to summer backgrounding. However, winter backgrounding is associated with greater overall risk relative to summer backgrounding. Stochastic dominance analysis indicated that slightly risk averse backgrounders prefer both winter and summer baskgrounding but summer backgrounding is preferred by strongly risk averse decision makers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Feeder cattle; Weather risk; Price risk; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90425

Do Antibiotics Reduce Production Risk for U.S. Pork Producers?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xuanli; Miller,   Gay Y.; McNamara,   Paul E.
We combine econometric and financial analyses of the NAHMS 2000 Swine Survey data to examine whether evidence exists for reducing risk by using antibiotics for growth promotion (AGP) in the U.S. swine industry. A stochastic dominance analysis of alternative lengths of time (days) of AGP application reveals that AGP used in the range of 65—75 days is preferred by risk-averse producers. Risk is reduced and profits are increased from use of AGP. The combined impacts of increased average daily gain and decreased variability in pig live weight increase producer profits by $2.99 per pig marketed.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Growth promotion; Pigs; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Variability; D21; D61; D81; Q12; R32.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42785

Grower Response to Contracts and Risk in Genetically Modified (GM) Crops
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Dahl,   Bruce L.; Maxwell,   Brett J.
Contract strategies can resolve some of the challenges that exist for property rights conformance of genetically modified (GM) crops. The purpose of this research is to determine how contract terms impact adoption decisions related to GM grain production and marketing. A simulation model was developed for prospective GM introduction in hard red spring (HRS) wheat, and distributions of net returns for growers were analyzed using stochastic dominance and stochastic efficiency. Results illustrate that contracts can be designed to induce desired behavior. Technology fees, probabilities of detection, and the level of non-GM premiums were the most notable factors influencing adoption decisions. In addition, point-of-delivery pricing and premiums for non-GM...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adoption risk; GM crops; Incentives contracting; Stochastic dominance; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8593

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries Marginally Endowed with Natural Resources: Samoa and Tonga, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in two Polynesian countries of similar size and structure that are both marginally endowed with natural resources: Samoa and Tonga. In general, total and agricultural export values declined over the study period in both countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non- agricultural exports showed small increases. The one exception to this trend was in Tonga during the 1990s when squash exports brought about a revival in agricultural export values.  Results suggest that these countries are likely to struggle to achieve sustainable economic development, given their limited natural resource endowments. The fisheries sector holds the key to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Stochastic dominance; Samoa; Tonga; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12942

GO AHEAD, COUNT YOUR CHICKENS: CROSS-HEDGING STRATEGIES IN THE BROILER INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Maynard,   Leigh J.; Dillon,   Carl R.; Carter,   Joy.
Some suppliers of broilers without giblets (WOG) offer customers a choice between paying Urner Barry's WOG quote or a formula price based on futures prices.  From a buyer's perspective, the formula price examined in this study is second-degree stochastic dominant.  The formula price allows the seller to set perfect cross-hedges of WOGs with corn and soymeal.  Stochastic dominance and mean variance results suggested that the seller's dominant strategy would shift from the Urner Barry quote to the hedged formula price as risk aversion increased.  Input-based formula pricing may be usefully extended to other industries.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Broiler industry; Formula pricing; Hedging strategies; Mean-variance analysis; Stochastic dominance; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15295

Economic Comparisons of Alternative and Conventional Production Technologies for Eggplant in Southern Georgia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brunson,   Kathryn E.; Stark,   C. Robert, Jr.; Wetzstein,   Michael E.; Phatak,   Sharad C.
Environmental concerns about pesticide usage in traditional production systems are prompting vegetable producers to consider alternative systems. Research results from a multi-year study on eggplant in southern Georgia compare two alternative production technologies to the conventional rye cover crop technology. Alternative technologies utilize beneficial insect principles as substitutes for conventional pesticide controls. Using field data, eggplant production budgets are developed to generate net return estimates under each system. Cost reductions achieved by using alternative technologies are not sufficient to offset the reduced yields and returns generated from these technologies. Cash input requirements for alternative systems suggest potential for...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Alternative systems; Budgets; Eggplant; Expected value; Limited resource; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90373

DO ANTIBIOTICS REDUCE PRODUCTION RISK FOR U.S. PORK PRODUCERS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xuanli; Miller,   Gay Y.; McNamara,   Paul E.
Production risk from live weight variation of market pigs has become a more important concern in U.S. swine production. Packers are concerned about the variation in carcass size because of the demand for standardized cuts and the use of automation in the slaughter process. Swine producers care about standardized pigs because of revenue implications and possible links to animal health and productivity. Pig size variation can be due to various condition and inputs including antibiotics. However, discussions on risk reduction from antibiotic use have generally not been considered. Our work extends previous studies by systematically examining the aspects of production risk reduction and highlights the potential results of banning antibiotics from a risk...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production risk; Antibiotics; Swine; Utility; Stochastic dominance; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q10; Q12; Q14.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22026

Exports, Foreign Direct Investment, and Productivity: Evidence from German Firm Level Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wagner,   Joachim.
This paper presents the first empirical test with German establishment level data of a hypothesis derived by Helpman, Melitz and Yeaple in a model that explains the decision of heterogeneous firms to serve foreign markets either trough exports or foreign direct investment: only the more productive firms choose to serve the foreign markets, and the most productive among this group will further choose to serve these markets via foreign direct investments. Using a non-parametric test for first order stochastic dominance it is shown that, in line with this hypothesis, the productivity distribution of foreign direct investors dominates that of exporters, which in turn dominates that of national market suppliers.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Exports; Foreign direct investment; Productivity; Heterogeneous firms; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade; F14; F23; D21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26205

Cash Wheat Marketing: Strategies for Real People
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Brorsen,   B. Wade; Anderson,   Kim B.
A new paradigm is needed in extension marketing programs. Attempts to help producers time the market, either through cask sales or futures trading, appear to be of little benefit. Marketing extension programs need to place less emphasis on outlook and futures trading and more emphasis on simple marketing strategies that people really use. An empirical example of strategies for Oklahoma wheat producers shows selling cash wheat at harvest and participating in government programs as the preferred marketing strategy.  Implications for extension programs in other states are that extension programs can help producers decide whether to store their grain and whether to participate in farm programs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economics; Efficient markets; Extension; Forward contracts; Hedging; Price analysis; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62351

Export Performance in Fiji, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in Fiji from 1960 to 1999. A country with reasonably abundant resources, Fiji has made effective use of its quite substantial resources to increase total export values significantly over the study period, with an average rate of growth of 2.6 per cent per annum. Non-agricultural exports were the source of this growth, increasing annually by 7.3 per cent. Growth was particularly strong from the late 1980s despite the loss of skills and capital flight in the wake of the May 1987 coup and military takeover. The economy clearly benefited from a policy switch from a trade protectionist policy with a high degree of government intervention to an export-oriented strategy based on private...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Fiji; Stochastic dominance; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12930

Conservation Payments under Risk: A Stochastic Dominance Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Benitez,   Pablo C.; Kuosmanen,   Timo; Olschewski,   Roland; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis.
Updated version of REPA Working Paper 2004-05.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agroforest systems; Conservation payments; Land allocation; Portfolio diversification; Risk; Stochastic dominance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C73; O54; Q23; Q57; R14.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37024

Stochastic Utility-Efficient Programming of Organic Dairy Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flaten,   Ola; Lien,   Gudbrand D.
Opportunities to make sequential decisions and adjust activities as a season progresses and more information becomes available characterize the farm management process.  In this paper, we present a discrete stochastic two-stage utility efficient programming model of organic dairy farms, which includes risk aversion in the decision maker's objective function as well as both embedded risk (stochastic programming with resource) and non-embedded risk (stochastic programming without recourse).  Historical farm accountancy data and subjective judgments were combined to assess the nature of the uncertainty that affects the possible consequences of the decisions.  The programming model was used within a stochastic dominance framework to examine optimal strategies...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Risk analysis; Stochastic programming; Stochastic dominance; Organic farming; Livestock Production/Industries; Q12; C61.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24743

Stochastic Dominance in Wheat Variety Development and Release Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dahl,   Bruce L.; Wilson,   William W.; Nganje,   William E.
Variety development and release decisions involve tradeoffs between yields and characteristics valued by end-users, as well as uncertainties about agronomic, quality, and economic variables. In this study, methods are developed to determine the value of varieties to growers and end-users including the effects of variability in economic, agronomic, and quality variables. The application is to hard red spring (HRS) wheat, a class of wheat for which these tradeoffs and risks are particularly apparent. Results indicate two experimental varieties provide improvements in grower and end-user value, relative to incumbents. Stochastic dominance techniques and statistical tests are applied to determine efficient sets and robustness of the results. A risk-adjusted...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: End-user value; Grower value; Portfolio value; Stochastic dominance; Tradeoffs; Variety development; Wheat; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31141

Cost and benefits of using best management practices to control non-point sources of pollution under environmental and economic uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rodriguez,   Hector German; Popp,   Jennie S. Hughes; Gbur,   Edward E.; Chaubey,   Indrajeet.
The economy of northwest Arkansas, including the Lincoln Lake watershed (a sub-watershed of the Illinois River), relies greatly upon livestock and poultry production. The supply of production by-products is increasingly under scrutiny as one of the potential sources of water pollution in the region. In light of the recent economic crisis, methodologies that help producers to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of several practices before implementing them may be a cost-effective means of increasing BMP adoption. This study uses stochastic dominance techniques to evaluate, environmentally and economically, ten best management practices (BMPs) combinations to lessen water pollution in the Lincoln Lake watershed. All BMP combinations analyzed were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nonpoint pollution; Watershed; Best management practices; Risk analysis; Stochastic dominance; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty; Q25; Q53.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103344

Economics of Intensive Grazing in Dairy Production In the Mid-Atlantic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lichtenberg,   Erik; Minegishi,   Kota; Hanson,   James C.; Johnson,   Dale M.
Dairy production in the US has experienced a marked increase in the size of dairy operations over time.  Even as total production has grown over time, smaller operations have been disappearing. Consequently, the viability of smaller dairy farms has become an important policy concern in regions like the Mid-Atlantic where small dairy farms account for a significant share of farm enterprises.  Previous studies suggest that dairy farming based on intensive (rotational) grazing, as opposed to traditional confined-feeding operations, may make it possible for smaller operations to remain economically viable. However, the short term nature of the data used in these studies limits the robustness of these findings. We utilize a unique panel of financial data...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy; Intensive grazing; Rotational grazing; Technical efficiency; Stochastic dominance; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103700

DISTRIBUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF U.S. FARM HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hopkins,   Jeffrey W.; Morehart,   Mitchell J.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Expenditures; Farm safety net; Household income; Poverty; Stochastic dominance; Wealth; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36517

NITROGEN-FIXING WINTER COVER CROPS AND PRODUCTION RISK: A CASE STUDY FOR NO-TILLAGE CORN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Larson,   James A.; Roberts,   Roland K.; Tyler,   Donald D.; Duck,   Bob N.; Slinsky,   Stephen P.
Winter legumes can substitute for applied nitrogen fertilization of corn.  Stochastic dominance was used to order net revenues from legume and applied nitrogen alternatives.  Stochastic dominance orderings indicate that systems combining vetch with low applied nitrogen fertilization (50 and 100 pounds/acre, respectively) were risk inefficient. By contrast, vetch and 150 pounds/acre applied nitrogen maximized expected net revenue and was risk efficient for a wide range of risk-averse and risk-seeking behavior.  Farmers with these risk attitudes may not reduce applied nitrogen if they switch to a vetch cover.  Extremely risk-averse or risk-seeking farmers would not prefer winter legumes.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Legume winter crops; Nitrogen; Risk premiums; Stochastic dominance; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15098

Community Tax Evasion Models: A Stochastic Dominance Test
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gandelman,   Nestor.
In a multi community environment local authorities compete for tax base. When monitoring is imperfect, agents may decide not to pay in their community (evasion), and save the tax difference. The agent decision on where to pay taxes is based on the probability of getting caught, the fine he eventually will have to pay and the time cost of paying in a neighbor community. First, we prove that if the focus of the agents’ decision is the probability of getting caught and the fine, only the richest people evade. If instead, the key ingredient is the time cost of evading, only the poorest cheat. Second, we test the evasion pattern on the Automobile Registration System in Uruguay using two stochastic dominance tests. The evidence favors in this case the hypothesis...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Tax evasion; Stochastic dominance; H26; H77; C52.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37120

RISK AND SITE FACTORS AFFECTING POTENTIAL NITROGEN DELIVERY IN THE VIRGINIA COASTAL PLAIN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peng,   Wei; Bosch,   Darrell J.
The effects of cropland slope, distance to surface water, farmers' risk attitudes, and farmers' nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications on potential N delivery to streams and costs of reducing N delivery were evaluated for a representative Virginia peanut-cotton farm.  Target MOTAD and generalized stochastic dominance were used to select preferred plans for different levels of risk aversion.  Costs of reducing N delivery were lower on farms where fields were located close to surface water, where N was overapplied relative to extension fertilizer recommendations, and where the operator was risk averse.  Cropland slope had less effect on cost of reducing N delivery relative to other factors.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cost; Nonpoint source pollution; Risk programming; Simulation; Stochastic dominance; Targeting; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15287

Export Performance in South Pacific Countries With Inadequate Endowments of Natural Resources: Cook Islands, Kiribati, Niue and Tuvalu, 1960 to 1999
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Blowes,   Anita.
Stochastic dominance analysis was used to assess export performance in four South Pacific island countries with very limited natural resources: Cook Islands; Kiribati; Niue; and Tuvalu. Total export values declined significantly over the study period in all four countries, brought about by a significant decline in the value of agricultural exports while non-agricultural exports showed only small increases.  Results seem to confirm the view that these countries have insufficient natural resource endowments for sustainable economic development without outside support.  The fisheries sector holds the key to whether the economies under study (bar Niue) can transform themselves into productive ones by exploiting further the fishery resources within their EEZs...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Cook Islands; Kiribati; Niue; Stochastic dominance; Tuvalu; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12948

IST EINE REDUZIERUNG DES PFLANZENSCHUTZMITTELEINSATZES IM FREILANDGEMÜSEBAU MÖGLICH? ERGEBNISSE EINES BIOÖKONOMISCHEN SIMULATIONSMODELLS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dirksmeyer,   Walter.
In field vegetable production pesticide a levels are very high although pest control technologies are known, which require much less pesticides than the commonly applied control technologies. A stochastic bio-economic simulation model is used to determine the net return derived from the application of different pest control technologies in carrot, leek and onion production. Following the concept of stochastic dominance efficient technologies can be identified. Results reveal that it is possible to reduce pesticide use levels in field vegetable production if alternative control technologies are applied. This is possible without losses in net return on farm level and without increasing risk of field vegetable production.    Der Einsatz von...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pflanzenschutz; Gemüsebau; Stochastische Simulation; Stochastische Dominanz; Pest control vegetable production; Bio-economic simulation; Monte Carlo simulation; Stochastic dominance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7592

PRODUCTION RISK AND CROP INSURANCE IN MALTING BARLEY: A STOCHASTIC DOMINANCE ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wilson,   William W.; Gustafson,   Cole R.; Dahl,   Bruce L.
Malt barley is an important specialty crop in the Northern Plains and growers mitigate risk with federally subsidized crop insurance and production contracts.  However, growers face considerable risk due to "coverage gaps" in crop insurance that result in uncertain indemnity payments due to uncertainty of their crop meeting contract specifications.  A stochastic dominance model is developed to evaluate alternative risk efficient strategies for growers with differing risk attitudes and production practices (irrigation vs. dryland).  Results show that efficient choices are highly dependent on risk attitudes for dryland growers, but not irrigated growers.  Sensitivities with respect to acceptance risk and level of crop insurance subsidization are presented....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Crop insurance; Malting barley; Stochastic dominance; Stochastic efficiency; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23561

An Economic Evaluation of Adoption of the Conservation Compliance Program: A Stochastic Dominance Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Govindasamy,   Ramu; Cochran,   Mark J.
Using stochastic dominance, this paper examines the adoption of the Conservation Compliance Program (CCP) in twelve Iowa soil types. Subsidies necessary to compensate producers for the increased risk of compliance strategies are estimated. Results indicate that to promote voluntary compliance with the CCP, the government should provide a subsidy of between $4.55 to $19.88 per acre, depending on the soil type.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation compliance; Stochastic dominance; Adoption; Risk premium; Erosion; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90409