Consulta: subjectFacets:"Submarine canyon"
Registros recuperados: 20
Data/hora: 07/06/2024 02:28:51

Processus et enregistrements sédimentaires dans les canyons sous-marins Bourcart et de Capbreton durant le dernier cycle climatique.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gaudin, Mathieu.
Submarine canyons cutting continental shelves and slopes are considered to be erosive features allowing continental derived sediment to reach the deep sea. In order to better understand their sedimentary dynamic and morphologic evolution through time, two submarine canyons, the Bourcart canyon in the Gulf of Lion and the Capbreton canyon in the Bay of Biscay have been studied. The Bourcart canyon, located at the shelf break at 110 m water depth, is disconnected from direct sediment supply during sea-level highstand and is considered as inactive. The Capbreton canyon's head is located 400 m off the coastline, and is disconnected from the Adour river since the 16th century. Bathymetric, core, radioisotopic and current data showed that these canyons are...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seal level variations; Last climatic cycle; Gravity currents; Dense water cascading; Coarse grained sedimentation; Gulf of Lion; Bay of Biscay; Submarine canyon; Variations du niveau marin; Dernier cycle climatique; Courants gravitaires; Plongées d'eau dense; Sédimentation sableuse; Golfe du Lion; Golfe de Gascogne; Canyon sous marin.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/these-2511.pdf

Influence of an oxygen minimum zone and macroalgal enrichment on benthic megafaunal community composition in a NE Pacific submarine canyon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Domke, Lia; Lacharite, Myriam; Metaxas, Anna; Matabos, Marjolaine.
Megafaunal diversity in the deep sea shows a parabolic pattern with depth. It can be affected by factors such as low oxygen concentration, which suppresses diversity, or the presence of submarine canyons, which enhances it. Barkley Canyon, located off the west coast of British Columbia, Canada, is a submarine canyon that extends from the continental margin (200 m) into the deep ocean (2,000 m). This canyon receives drift kelp from shoreline kelp forests and contains an oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) at 500 to 1,500 m depth. Our study investigated the abundance and diversity of epibenthic megafauna over a range of depths (200–2,000 m) and oxygen concentrations (0.5–5.0 ml/L) within Barkley Canyon, as well as changes in abundance near detrital kelp. Video was...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Barkley Canyon; Benthic surveys; British Columbia; Kelp detritus; Oxygen minimum zone; Submarine canyon.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00416/52773/56793.pdf

A restricted fishing area as a tool for fisheries management: Example of the Capbreton canyon,southern Bay of Biscay
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sanchez, Florence; Morandeau, Gilles; Bru, Noelle; Lissardy, Muriel.
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are generally considered as one of the most important tools, among the many regulations, designed to preserve marine resources as well as enhance fisheries. In the southern Bay of Biscay, local French fishermen requested creation of a restricted area to help settle disputes between the various métiers operating there. This restricted area, which lies mainly in French waters, covers part of a deep submarine canyon off the French and Spanish coasts, known to have a large population of mature hake. This study aims to better understand the effects of a restricted area upon French fleets operating there, particularly upon three main métiers – longliners, gillnetters and trawlers. The study area includes three ICES statistical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bay of Biscay; Restricted area; Submarine canyon; Economic dependence; Metiers' dynamics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00128/23961/22005.pdf

Direct sediment transfer from land to deep-sea: Insights into shallow multibeam bathymetry at La Réunion Island
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Babonneau, Nathalie; Delacourt, Christophe; Cancouet, R.; Sisavath, Emmanuelle; Bachelery, Patrick; Mazuel, Aude; Jorry, Stephan; Deschamps, Anne; Ammann, Jerome; Villeneuve, N.
Submarine canyon heads are key areas for understanding the triggering factors of gravity currents responsible for the transfer of detrital sediment to the deep basins. This contribution offers a detailed picture of canyon heads off La Réunion Island, with high-resolution multibeam bathymetry in the water depth range of 4–220 m. The present feeding of the Cilaos turbidite system, one of the largest modern volcaniclastic systems in the world, is deduced from morphological and sedimentological interpretations of newly acquired data. The study highlights small-scale sedimentary features indicating hydrodynamic and sedimentary processes.  A direct connexion between the Saint-Etienne river mouth and submarine canyons is evidenced by the complete incision of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Submarine canyon; Canyon head; Turbidity current; Hyperpycnal flow; Coastal instability.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00156/26697/24790.pdf

Plio-Quaternary prograding clinoform wedges of the western Gulf of Lion continental margin (NW Mediterranean) after the Messinian Salinity Crisis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lofi, Johanna; Rabineau, Marina; Gorini, Christian; Berne, Serge; Clauzon, Georges; De Clarens, Philippe; Dos Reis, Tadeu; Mountain, Gregory; Ryan, William; Steckler, Michael; Fouchet, Christine.
In contrast to the much-studied onshore and deep offshore post-Messinian sedimentary history of the Gulf of Lion, the continental shelf had been poorly explored until recently. New seismic data, acquired by ELF Oil Company on the Languedoc-Roussillon shelf (Western Mediterranean Sea), from Cap Creus in the SW to Cap d'Agde in the NE, together with data from previously drilled exploratory wells, allow us to propose a scenario for margin reconstruction following the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The seismic data display a complex pattern of prograding clinoforms and buried submarine canyons. Following the crisis that eroded the previous margin, clinoforms developed as the new Pliocene margin prograded. Three major periods characterize the evolution of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plio Quaternary; Messinian Salinity Crisis; Submarine canyon; Progradation; Clinoform; Gulf of Lion margin; Mediterranean Sea.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-584.pdf

Discovery of Messinian Canyons and new seismic stratigraphic model, Offshore Provence (SE France): implications for the hydrographic network reconstruction
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tassy, A.; Fournier, F.; Munch, P.; Borgomano, J.; Thinon, I.; Fabri, Marie-claire; Rabineau, M.; Arfib, B.; Begot, J.; Beslier, M. -o; Cornee, J. -j.; Fournillon, A.; Gorini, C.; Guennoc, P.; Leonide, P.; Oudet, J.; Paquet, F.; Sage, F.; Toullec, R.
The interpretation of high-resolution 2D marine seismic profiles together with the analysis of sea-bottom cores allowed a stratigraphic and structural framework of the Provence continental shelf to be proposed. The integration of onshore and offshore stratigraphy, structure and geomorphology provided new insights into Messinian paleotopography and paleohydrography. A geological map of the offshore Provence continental shelf, isobath map of the base Plio-Quaternary surface are presented for the first time in this area. The base Plio-Quaternary surface is a polyphased unconformity that is composed of deep canyons developed by fluvial erosion during the Messinian event, and wave-cut surfaces formed during post-Messinian transgressions. The study evidenced a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Western Mediterranean; Provence continental shelf; Base Plio-Quaternary surface; Submarine canyon; Karst; Offshore seismic data; Shallow coring; Geological mapping.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00189/30027/28512.pdf

Benthic foraminiferal response to sedimentary disturbance in the Capbreton canyon (Bay of Biscay, NE Atlantic)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Duros, Pauline; Silva Jacinto, Ricardo; Dennielou, Bernard; Schmidt, S.; Martinez Lamas, Ruth; Gautier, Emeric; Roubi, Angelique; Gayet, Nicolas.
Living (Rose Bengal stained) and dead benthic foraminifera were investigated at 6 deep-sea sites sampled in the Capbreton canyon area (Bay of Biscay, France). Three sites were located along the canyon axis at 301 m, 983 m and 1478 m and 3 stations were positioned on adjacent terraces at 251 m, 894 m and 1454 m. Sedimentary features indicate that frequent sedimentary disturbances of different magnitudes occur along the Capbreton canyon axis and adjacent terraces. Such environmental conditions cause the presence of very particular benthic environments. Along the 6 studied sites, different foraminiferal responses to various sedimentary patterns are observed revealing the complexity of this canyon environment. Some sites (Gitan 3 (canyon axis), Gitan 5 (canyon...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Benthic foraminifera; Capbreton canyon; Habitat disturbance; Turbidite; Submarine canyon.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00360/47121/47052.pdf

Massive sand beds attributed to deposition by dense water cascades in the Bourcart canyon head, Gulf of Lions (northwestern Mediterranean Sea)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gaudin, Mathieu; Berne, Serge; Jouanneau, J.-m.; Palanques, A; Puig, P; Mulder, T; Cirac, P; Rabineau, Marina; Imbert, P.
Nowadays, the Gulf of Lions continental shelf and slope are under the influence of dense water cascading, wind-induced bottom currents and the geostrophic Northern Current. In order to characterize sedimentary activity at the shelf break, several interface and piston cores were taken in the Bourcart canyon head and a current meter equipped with temperature, conductivity, pressure and turbidity sensors was moored during the 2003-2004 winter season. Even if the canyon is not connected directly to continental sources since Last Glacial Maximum, detailed grain size, X-ray and sediment facies analysis of interface cores show that down to 350 m water depth, the canyon head is blanketed by up to 1.5 m of structureless muddy medium-grained sand. 210 Pb-exc...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pb 210exc activity; Sand deposits; Cascading; Submarine canyon.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2324.pdf

The Danube submarine canyon (Black Sea): morphology and sedimentary processes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Popescu, Irina; Lericolais, Gilles; Panin, Nicolae; Normand, Alain; Dinu, Cornel; Le Drezen, Eliane.
The Danube Canyon is a large shelf-indenting canyon that has developed seaward of the late Pleistocene paleo-Danube valley. Mechanisms of canyon evolution and factors that controlled it are revealed by analyzing the morphology and the sedimentary structure of the canyon, as well as the main features of the continental margin around the canyon. This is based on investigation by swath bathymetry in the canyon area combined with different types of seismic data. The canyon is a major erosional trough with a flat bottom cut by an entrenched axial thalweg. The thalweg path varies from highly meandering to fairly straight in relation to the local gradient. Segments of the canyon are characterized by specific morphology, orientation and gradient along the axial...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gas; Wave cut terrace; Buried fluvial channels; Headward erosion; Submarine canyon; Black Sea.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-476.pdf

Evidence for pre-Messinian submarine canyons on the Gulf of Lions slope (Western Mediterranean)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lofi, J; Berne, Serge.
On the Gulf of Lions margin, the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) event led to a significant and widespread erosion of the Miocene shelf and slope. It is thus difficult nowadays to restore the morphology of the margin at the beginning of the crisis, and to study the Middle-Upper Miocene series rarely preserved from erosion. In this study, thanks to the use of multichannel seismic reflection data from the Gulf of Lions western slope, it has been possible to image the Miocene slope deposits. Interpretation of the data reveals several diachronic sediment bodies just beneath the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. These bodies are related to slope erosional-depositional complexes, underlain by erosional unconformities outlined by seismic reflector truncations. They are...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Messinian salinity crisis; Passive margin; Miocene/Pliocene; Submarine canyon.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4779.pdf

High-Resolution Morphobathymetric Analysis and Evolution of Capbreton Submarine Canyon Head (Southeast Bay of Biscay—French Atlantic Coast) over the Last Decade Using Descriptive and Numerical Modeling
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazieres, Alais; Gillet, Herve; Castelle, Bruno; Mulder, Thierry; Guyot, Corentin; Garlan, Thierry; Mallet, Cyril.
In this study, the Capbreton canyon head, just off the coast, is investigated using high-resolution multibeam bathymetry datasets, sediment samples and numerical modeling. The HR bathymetry analysis reveals a morphological connection between the longshore trough and the head of the canyon. The analysis of recent sediment samples shows a clear correlation between the sediment of the canyon head and that of the nearshore. Hydrodynamic modeling (a coupled wave-flow model) shows that for high-energy waves, the rotational nature of surf-zone circulation reverses and wave-induced currents have the potential to transport large quantities of nearshore sands toward the canyon head. All these arguments support the assumption that the canyon head captures a part of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Longshore drift; Submarine canyon; Capbreton; Hydrodynamic modeling; Sediment transport.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29118/27524.pdf

Axial incision: The key to understand submarine canyon evolution (in the western Gulf of Lion)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Baztan, Juan; Berne, Serge; Olivet, Jean-louis; Rabineau, Marina; Aslanian, Daniel; Gaudin, Mathieu; Rehault, Jean Pierre; Canals, M.
A detailed morphological analysis of the outer shelf and continental slope of the Western Gulf of Lion is presented, based on swath bathymetry data together with sub-bottom profiles and high resolution seismic reflection profiles. These data reveal two main erosive features, of very different dimensions: the axial incision and the canyon's major valley. The height of axial incisions' flanks with respect to the canyon deepest point (the thalweg) ranges from 40 to 150 m. It creates a small axial erosive path within the canyon's major valley, which is typically bounded by flanks of more than 700 m in height. We interpret the axial incision observed in the sea floor as the imprint of turbidity currents that eroded the floor of canyons during phases of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Submarine canyon; Axial incision; Gulf of Lion.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-353.pdf

A walk down the Cap de Creus canyon, Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Recent processes inferred from morphology and sediment bedforms
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lastras, G; Canals, M; Urgeles, R; Amblas, D; Ivanov, M; Droz, Laurence; Dennielou, Bernard; Fabres, J; Schoolmeester, T; Akhmetzhanov, A; Orange, D; Garcia Garcia, A.
The Cap de Creus canyon, northwestern Mediterranean Sea, belongs to a complex network of submarine canyons cutting the western Gulf of Lion continental shelf and opening into the larger Sete canyon. Swath bathymetry data, MAKAM deep-towed side-scan sonar imagery and 5 kHz high resolution seismic reflection profiles show striking morphologies in the Cap de Creus canyon floor and walls. As a consequence of the canyon head and the upper reach severe incision, the continental shelf dramatically narrows in front of the Creus Cape promontory. The upper canyon has a flat-bottomed thalweg incised in a megascale sediment furrow field displaying hyperbolic seismic facies. The tens of kilometres long linear furrows extend also over the middle canyon down to 1400 in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gulf of Lion; Bedform; Swath bathymetry; Side scan sonar; Submarine canyon.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3602.pdf

Numerical modeling of bottom trawling-induced sediment transport and accumulation in La Fonera submarine canyon, northwestern Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Payo-payo, Marta; Silva Jacinto, Ricardo; Lastras, G.; Rabineau, Marina; Puig, P.; Martin, J.; Canals, M.; Sultan, Nabil.
Bottom trawling leads to recurrent sediment resuspension events over fishing grounds. Recent studies have shown how bottom trawling can drive seascape reshaping at large spatial scales and enhance sediment transport in submarine canyons, which subsequently impacts deep-sea ecosystems. Present knowledge on the transfer and accumulation of sediment flows triggered by bottom trawling is based on localized and infrequent measurements whilst a more complete picture of the process is needed. The present work focuses on the modeling of sediment transport and accumulation resulting from trawling activities in La Fonera submarine canyon, northwestern Mediterranean Sea, thus contributing to an improved assessment of trawling impacts. Based on mooring data within a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bottom trawling; Inverse model; Modeling; Sediment transport; Submarine canyon; Turbidity currents.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00374/48549/48862.pdf

The Esmeraldas Canyon: a helpful marker of the Pliocene‐Pleistocene tectonic deformation of the north Ecuador southwest Colombia convergent margin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Collot, Jean-yves; Ratzov, Gueorgui; Silva, P.; Proust, J.‐n.; Migeon, Sebastien; Hernandez, M.‐j.; Michaud, F.; Pazmino, A.; Barba Castillo, D.; Alvarado, A.; Khumara, S.
Deciphering the migration pattern of the Esmeraldas submarine Canyon (EC) and its history of cut‐and‐fill allows constraining the Pliocene‐Pleistocene tectonic evolution of the Ecuador‐Colombia convergent margin. Swath bathymetry, multichannel seismic reflection and chronological data show that the EC is a 143‐km–long, shelf‐incising, river‐connected canyon that started incising slope apron deposits in the Manglares fore‐arc basin ~ 5.3 Ma ago. The EC inception appears contemporaneous with the subduction of the Carnegie Ridge that is believed to have initiated 5‐6 Myr ago and is considered an indirect cause of the EC formation. During its two‐stage left‐lateral migration, the EC upper‐half scoured deep incisions providing evidences for uplift episodes in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Convergent margin tectonics; Submarine canyon; Fore-arc basin; Natural hazards; Paleoseismology.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00509/62060/66236.pdf

Upstream migrating knickpoints and related sedimentary processes in a submarine canyon from a rare 20-year morphobathymetric time-lapse (Capbreton submarine canyon, Bay of Biscay, France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guiastrennec-faugas, Léa; Gillet, Hervé; Silva Jacinto, Ricardo; Dennielou, Bernard; Hanquiez, Vincent; Schmidt, Sabine; Simplet, Laure; Rousset, Antoine.
The Capbreton submarine canyon is a striking feature of the south-east of the Bay of Biscay. This canyon forms a deep incision through the continental shelf and slope, and displays remarkable structures linked to its present-day hydrosedimentary activity. Its head has been disconnected from the Adour River since 1310 CE, but remains close enough to the coast to be supplied with sediment by longshore drift. Gravity processes in the canyon body are abundantly described and documented, but activity in the head and the fan of the canyon is poorly constrained. Furthermore, many questions remain regarding the details of processes affecting the head, the body and the fan of the Capbreton canyon. In this work, we address the paucity of documentation concerning (1)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Submarine canyon; Bathymetric time-lapse; Morphobathymetry; Knickpoints.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00606/71834/70355.pdf

Sea-level control on the connection between shelf-edge deltas and the Bourcart canyon head (western Mediterranean) during the last glacial/interglacial cycle
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mauffrey, M. A.; Berne, Serge; Jouet, Gwenael; Giresse, P.; Gaudin, M.
A dense grid of high- and very high resolution seismic data, together with piston cores and borehole data providing time constraints, enables us to reconstruct the history of the Bourcart canyon head in the western Mediterranean Sea during the last glacial/interglacial cycle. The canyon fill is composed of confined channel–levee systems fed by a series of successively active shelf fluvial systems, originating from the west and north. Most of the preserved infill corresponds to the interval between Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and the early deglacial (19 cal ka BP). Its deposition was strongly controlled by a relative sea level that impacted the direct fluvial/canyon connection. During a period of around 100 kyr between MIS 6 and MIS 2, the canyon...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Submarine canyon; Confined channel-levee systems; Mass transport deposits; Bond cycles; Sea level.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00281/39243/37808.pdf

Deepwater sedimentation and Cenozoic deformation in the Southern New Caledonia Trough (Northern Zealandia, SW Pacific)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Etienne, S.; Collot, Julien; Sutherland, R.; Patriat, Martin; Bache, Francois; Rouillard, P.; Henrys, S.; Barker, D.; Juan, C.
The New Caledonia Trough (NCT) is a 2000–3000 m deep bathymetric feature that extends 2500 km from Taranaki, New Zealand, to the western margin of New Caledonia (Northern Zealandia, SW Pacific). The underlying sedimentary basin originates from Cretaceous extension, but underwent a significant Eocene tectonic event that shaped its present physiography. We present an analysis of the basin based on multibeam data, seismic profiles and rock samples collected on the TAN1312 and TAN1409 Expeditions onboard R/V Tangaroa, combined with legacy data. We focus on the southern part of the basin, where new data reveal a link between compressive deformation of Paleocene strata and their potential reworking into the basin. On the western basin side, Upper Cretaceous to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Zealandia; New Caledonia Trough; Deepwater basin; Syn-tectonic deposition; Submarine canyon; Sediment waves.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00414/52550/53377.pdf

Geomorphic evolution of the Malta Escarpment and implications for the Messinian evaporative drawdown in the eastern Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Micallef, Aaron; Camerlenghi, Angelo; Georgiopoulou, Aggeliki; Garcia-castellanos, Daniel; Gutscher, Marc-andre; Lo Iacono, Claudio; Huvenne, Veerle A. I.; Mountjoy, Joshu J.; Paull, Charles K.; Le Bas, Timothy; Spatola, Daniele; Facchin, Lorenzo; Accettella, Daniela.
Carbonate escarpments are submarine limestone and dolomite cliffs that have been documented in numerous sites around the world. Their geomorphic evolution is poorly understood due to difficulties in assessing escarpment outcrops and the limited resolution achieved by geophysical techniques across their steep topographies. The geomorphic evolution of carbonate escarpments in the Mediterranean Sea has been influenced by the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC). During the MSC (5.97-533 Ma), the Mediterranean Sea became a saline basin due to a temporary restriction of the Atlantic-Mediterranean seaway, resulting in the deposition of more than one million cubic kilometres of salt. The extent and relative chronology of the evaporative drawdown phases associated to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Malta Escarpment; Geomorphic evolution; Submarine canyon; Palaeoshoreline; Sea level drawdown; Messinian salinity crisis.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00485/59686/83482.pdf

The long-term evolution of the Congo deep-sea fan: A basin-wide view of the interaction between a giant submarine fan and a mature passive margin (ZaiAngo project)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Anka, Zahie; Seranne, Michel; Lopez, Michel; Scheck-wenderoth, Magdalena; Savoye, Bruno.
We have integrated the relatively unknown distal domains of the Lower Congo basin, where the main depocenters of the Congo submarine fan are located, with the better-constrained successions on the shelf and upper slope, through the analysis of thousands of km of 2D seismic reflection profiles off-shore the Congo-Angola passive margin. The basin architecture is depicted by two ca. 800-km-long regional cross sections through the northern (Congo) and southern (Angola) margin. A large unit deposited basinward of the Aptian salt limit is likely to be the abyssal-plain equivalent of the upper-Cretaceous carbonate shelf that characterized the first post-rift deposits in West-equatorial African margins. A latest-Turonian shelf-deepening event is recorded in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Submarine fan; Lower Congo basin; Submarine canyon; Salt tectonics; Angola escarpment; West Africa Margin.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6634.pdf