Consulta: subjectFacets:"Total factor productivity"
Registros recuperados: 39
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 06:49:47

Has growth in productivity in Australian broadacre agriculture slowed?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sheng,   Yu; Mullen,   John D.; Zhao,   Shiji.
Agricultural productivity growth has been strong relative to other sectors in the Australian economy, and relative to the agricultural sectors of other developed countries. However, as commonly observed among other developed economies, growth in productivity in the broadacre sector of Australian agriculture seems to have slowed in the past decade. This paper uses the adjusted cumulative sum square (CUSQ) index to examine the trend stability of total factor productivity in Australian broadacre agriculture over the period 1952-53 to 2006-07. The results show that a significant slowdown occurred around the mid-1990s. Further analysis shows that the slowdown in productivity growth is driven by a longterm decline in public R&amp;D investment in addition to poor...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Structural change analysis; CUSUM index; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59266

The contribution of innovations in total factor productivity of organic olive enterprises
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karafillis,   C.C.; Papanagiotou,   Evangelos.
This paper measures the contribution of innovations in total factor productivity(TFP) of organic olive farmers. By constructing an innovation variable instead of the use of a time trend, technical change is replaced by technical difference and TFP growth becomes TFP difference. Primary cross section data on organic olive enterprises from a Greek region is used in the application of the restricted frontier profit function. Farmers are classified into groups according to their innovative ‘profile’. TFP difference among consecutive innovation groups is decomposed into technical difference and adjustment in innovativeness effects. Furthermore, efficiency differences among innovation groups are estimated. Results indicate that more innovative farmers perform...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovations; Total factor productivity; Profit efficiency; Organic farming; Greece; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43645

Productivity Growth in Indonesian Agriculture, 1961-2000
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuglie,   Keith O.
We use an index number approach to measure total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Indonesian crop and livestock agriculture between 1961-2000. A Tornqvist index is developed to minimize biases that may result from relative price changes in factor and output weights. The results indicate that agricultural TFP growth accelerated in the 1970s but was halted in the late 1990s. Agricultural productivity growth was not limited to rice but also extended to other food and horticultural crops.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Tornqvist index; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57868

Public investment in agricultural research and development in Australia remains a sensible policy option
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mullen,   John D.
There is evidence that productivity in Australia’s broadacre agriculture (extensive cropping and livestock industries) has been slowing in the past decade. A series of poor seasons has been partly responsible, but an econometric analysis of structural changes in the trend of total factor productivity (TFP) indicates that stagnant public investment in agricultural R&amp;D has also made a significant contribution to this slowdown in TFP. Related econometric analysis of the returns to public investment in agricultural R&amp;D in the broadacre sector confirms that the rate of return to investment remains high. Despite these findings, a recent enquiry by Australia’s Productivity Commission into the financing of rural research suggests that the public sector may...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Returns to research; Crowding out; Farm Management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122896

Livestock in China: Commodity specific total factor productivity decomposition using new panel data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rae,   Allan N.; Ma,   Hengyun; Huang,   Jikun; Rozelle,   Scott.
Studies of total factor productivity in livestock production are rare, but when available provide useful information especially in the context of developing countries such as China where livestock is becoming more important in the domestic agricultural economy. We estimate total factor productivity (TFP) for four major livestock products in China employing the stochastic frontier approach, and decompose productivity growth into its technical efficiency and technical progress components. Efforts are made to adjust and augment the available livestock statistics. The results show that growth in TFP and its components varied between the 1980s and the 1990s as well as over production structures. While there is evidence of considerable technical innovation in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Stochastic production frontier; Total factor productivity; Technical efficiency and progress; China; Livestock; Adjusted panel data; Livestock Production/Industries; D240; Q100; Q160.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19527

What is the appropriate level of aggregation for productivity indices? Comparing district, regional and national measures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conradie,   Beatrice; Piesse,   Jenifer; Thirtle,   Colin G.
This paper examines the appropriate level of aggregation for the construction of total factor productivity (TFP) indices. The dataset covers the magisterial districts and statistical regions of the Western Cape for the years 1952 to 2002. Over these five decades agricultural production in the Western Cape grew twice as fast as in the country as a whole but this average masks substantial regional variation. Results show that TFP growth was negative in the Karoo, moderate in the Swartland, Overberg and Southern Cape, and generally above 2% per year in the Boland and Breede River Valleys, where there is extensive irrigation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Western Cape; South Africa; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49162

Economic Returns to Public Agricultural Research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuglie,   Keith O.; Heisey,   Paul W.
Over the last several decades, the U.S. agricultural sector has sustained impressive productivity growth. The Nation's agricultural research system, including Federal-State public research as well as private-sector research, has been a key driver of this growth. Economic analysis finds strong and consistent evidence that investment in agricultural research has yielded high returns per dollar spent. These returns include benefits not only to the farm sector but also to the food industry and consumers in the form of more abundant commodities at lower prices.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Productivity; Productivity growth; Technology; Total factor productivity; TFP; Research investments; Food; Input; Output; Crop yield; Agricultural research; Agricultural output; Public spending; Private sector research; ERS; USDA; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6388

UK SUGAR BEET FARM PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DIFFERENT REFORM SCENARIOS: A FARM LEVEL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renwick,   Alan W.; Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar; Reader,   Mark A.
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect that the imminent reform in the European Union (EU) sugar regime may have on farm productivity in the United Kingdom (UK).  We perform the analysis on a sample of sugar beet farms representative of all the UK sugar beet regions. To estimate the changes in productivity, we estimate a multi-output cost function representing the cropping part of the farm, which is the component that would be mostly affected by the sugar beet reform. We use this cost function to compute the new allocation of outputs and inputs after the changes in the sugar beet quota and price support. This are subsequently used to compute measures of total factor productivity. Our results show slight decreases in the productivity at the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: EU sugar reform; UK agriculture; UK sugar beet production; Multi-output cost function; Total factor productivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31936

Is the Share of Agricultural Maintenance Research Rising?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sparger,   John Adam; Heisey,   Paul W.; Alwang,   Jeffrey Roger; Norton,   George W.
This study measures the amount of agricultural research engaged in maintenance research for commodities and non-commodities.  The percentage of commodity based maintenance research has risen from roughly 35% in 1986 to 41% in 2008.  The percentage of non-commodity based agricultural research is roughly 29%.  Additionally, an empirical model is developed to explain maintenance research expenditures.  The influences of agricultural research funding, climatic conditions, pest and pathogen control, and agricultural production on maintenance research expenditures are tested in the long and short run.  Each category has a statistically significant impact on maintenance research expenditures.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Maintenance research; Research depreciation; Agricultural research; Total factor productivity; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61302

CONVERGENCE IN U.S. TFP GROWTH FOR AGRICULTURE: IMPLICATIONS OF INTERSTATE RESEARCH SPILLOVERS FOR FUNDING AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCunn,   Alan; Huffman,   Wallace E.
This paper examines state agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) data, 1950-1982, for evidence of convergence, i.e., TFP growth rates of the future are inversely related to the TFP level at the starting data.  After finding evidence of convergence, the paper examines the contributions of public and private R&amp;D to convergence and presents implications for a more efficient organization of public agricultural research.  For example, we find that increasing a states own investment in public agricultural research reduces the rate of TFP convergence but larger public investments in surrounding areas that potentially spillin increase the rate of convergence.  Also, the results imply that the average rate of convergence in our best fitting model is about...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Convergence; Total factor productivity; States; Spillins; Growth; Public research; Agriculture; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18266

CAP Reforms and Total Factor Productivity Growth in Belgian Agriculture: A Malmquist Index Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Coelli,   Tim J.; Perelman,   Sergio; Van Lierde,   Dirk.
Have the 1992 and 2000 CAP reforms had any discernable effect upon agricultural productivity? In this study we derive detailed information on the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of arable farms in Belgium over a 16-year period from 1987 to 2002. Calculations are based on a carefully constructed high-quality detailed farm-level data set containing 1728 observations, involving over 100 farms in most years. Three output variables (cereals, other crops, other outputs) and four input variables (land, labour, capital and other inputs) are constructed, using multilateral Fisher index numbers where crop aggregation is required. The TFP measures are calculated using a Malmquist TFP index relative to a series of data envelopment analysis (DEA) frontiers....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: CAP reforms; Belgian agriculture; Total factor productivity; Malmquist index; Shadow shares; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; C6; D2; O4; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25472

UK Sugar Beet Farm Productivity Under Different Reform Scenarios: A Farm Level Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renwick,   Alan W.; Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar; Reader,   Mark A.
The purpose of this paper is to study the effect that the imminent reform in the European Union (EU) sugar regime may have on farm productivity in the United Kingdom (UK). We perform the analysis on a sample of sugar beet farms representative of all the UK sugar beet regions. To estimate the changes in productivity, we estimate a multi-output cost function representing the cropping part of the farm, which is the component that would be mostly affected by the sugar beet reform. We use this cost function to compute the new allocation of outputs and inputs after the changes in the sugar beet quota and price support. This are subsequently used to compute measures of total factor productivity. Our results show slight decreases in the productivity at the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: EU sugar reform; UK agriculture; UK sugar beet production; Multi-output cost function; Total factor productivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; Q00; D24.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24665

Has Green Revolution Bypassed Coarse Cereals? The Indian Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janaiah,   Aldas; Achoth,   Lalith; Bantilan,   Ma Cynthia S.
This paper analysed the growth performance of non-rice crop sectors by estimating total factor productivity (TFP) growth for the selected coarse cereals viz., maize, sorghum and pearl millet in India. The analysis indicates that the TFP growth contributed substantially to the output growth of coarse cereals over the past three decades. The TFP growth was higher in those states where coverage of irrigation was relatively high. TFP grew at an average of 1.4 percent per annum through out the Green Revolution (GR) period for sorghum in the sate of Maharashtra where about half of the India’s sorghum area is concentrated mostly under rainfed conditions. Although small in absolute terms over the past three decades, the overall findings suggest that GR...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Coarse cereals; Green revolution; Adoption rate; India; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110142

Valuing State-Level Funding for Research: Results for Florida
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moss,   Charles B.
This study analyzes the value of agricultural research to Florida by examining the effect of research spending on agricultural productivity, as measured by a total factor productivity index, and profitability, as measured by net farm income.  Results suggest that research expenditures do increase agricultural productivity in the state.  However, agricultural productivity does not affect net cash income.  Further, the economic rents to the productivity gains do not accrue to land values.  Instead, the economic value of research innovations accrues more to consumers than to producers.  Thus, consumers are the ultimate beneficiaries of agricultural research in Florida, thereby justifying public funding for agricultural research.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cointegration; Research and development; State expenditures; Total factor productivity; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; H40; H72; Q16.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43757

Productivity Growth, Technical Efficiency and Technical Change on Minnesota Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Olson,   Kent D.; Vu,   Linh.
Changes and trends in farm productivity have been of intense interest to many involved with agriculture. This study used data envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate the output-oriented Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index from panel data for 1993-2006 for farms in Southern Minnesota. Bootstrap methods were used to estimate confidence intervals for the productivity, efficiency change and technical change indices. The model included three inputs (labor, land and immediate expenditures) and six outputs (corn, soybean, milk, hog, beef, and nonfarm income). Productivity growth was found to be positive during the period, with an average annual productivity growth of 6.6 percent. However, TFP growth has been slowing down in recent years and indeed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Farms; Malmquist index; Data envelopment analysis; DEA; Bootstrap; Government subsidies; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Q12; C14.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49204

Measuring Male-Female Productivity Differentials in Ethiopian Agriculture: Policy Implications for Improving the Livelihood of Female Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ehui,   Simeon K.; Yadeta,   Kenea; Paulos,   Zelekawork; Teklewold,   Hailemariam.
An understanding of the efficiency with which women farmers are operating, particularly where they account for the largest share of the labor force required for agricultural production, is essential for designing appropriate policies to improve the overall performance of agriculture as well as the livelihood of women farmers. This paper contributes to the gender productivity debate by drawing on crop production data collected in three districts (Ada, Akaki and Gimbichu) in East Shoa, Ethiopia during the 1999/2000 cropping season through detailed multi-visit surveys of 80 farm households of which 39 were female-headed households. Using the Tornqvist-Theil index, Total factor productivity (TFP) is measured to analyze crop production efficiency differentials...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural efficiency; Total factor productivity; Gender; Ethiopian agriculture; Labor and Human Capital; D2; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25782

State Productivity Growth: Catching Up and the Business Cycle
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; San Juan,   Carlos; Ulloa,   Camilo.
Selected paper AAEA 2012
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Convergence; Total factor productivity; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123334

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTIVITY IN CHINA: DATA REVISION AND TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY DECOMPOSITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ma,   Hengyun; Rae,   Allan N.; Huang,   Jikun.
Studies of total factor productivity in livestock production are rare, but when available provide useful information especially in the context of developing countries such as China where livestock is becoming more important in the domestic agricultural economy. We estimate total factor productivity (TFP) for four major livestock products in China and by employing the random coefficient frontier approach, decompose productivity growth into its technical efficiency and technical progress components.  Efforts were made to adjust and augment the available livestock statistics. The results show that growth in TFP and its components varied between the 1980s and the 1990s as well as over production structures. While there is evidence of considerable technical...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Random coefficient approach; Total factor productivity; Technical efficiency and progress; China; Livestock.; Q100; Q160; Productivity Analysis; D240.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23691

Use of the single factoral terms of trade to analyse agricultural production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.
The aim in this note is to reintroduce the single factoral terms of trade into the policy arena. This economic concept has scarcely been used by analysts or policy makers over the past three decades. It is defined and compared favourably with other terms of trade concepts in terms of their usefulness to agricultural policy makers in Australia. A distinction is made between the single factoral terms of trade from the viewpoint of the farm business and from the viewpoint of the farm household, but only slightly different indices are specified in each case because of the very high positive correlation between farm prices paid and consumer prices. Developing industry-level indices appears to be a more attractive way to proceed given the substantially different...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Net barter terms of trade; Single factoral terms of trade; Total factor productivity; Farm Management; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118322

Public investment in R&amp;D and extension and productivity in Australian broadacre agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sheng,   Yu; Gray,   Emily M.; Mullen,   John D.
This paper uses time-series data to examine the relationship between public research and development (R&amp;D) and extension investment and productivity growth in Australian broadacre agriculture. The results show that public R&amp;D investment has significantly promoted productivity growth in Australia’s broadacre sector over the past five decades (1953 to 2007). Moreover, the relative contributions of domestic and foreign R&amp;D have been roughly equal, accounting for an estimated 0.6 per cent and 0.63 per cent of annual total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the broadacre sector, respectively. The elasticity of TFP to knowledge stocks of research (both domestic and foreign) and extension were estimated to be around 0.20–0.24 and 0.07–0.15,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: R&amp;D; Total factor productivity; Agriculture; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100712

Agricultural Productivity and Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Yu,   Bingxin; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
We analyze the evolution of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) over the past 45 years, looking for evidence of recent changes in growth patterns using an improved nonparametric Malmquist index. Our TFP estimates show a remarkable recovery in the performance of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agriculture between 1984 and 2006 after a long period of poor performance and decline. That recovery is the consequence of improved efficiency in production resulting from changes in the output structure and an adjustment in the use of inputs. Policy interventions, including fiscal, trade and sector specific policies, appear to have played an important role in improving agriculture’s performance. Despite the improved agricultural performance, SSA...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Efficiency; Malmquist index; Total factor productivity; Technical change; Sub-Saharan Africa; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/105400

Getting Implicit Shadow Prices Right for the Estimation of the Malmquist Index: The Case of Agricultural Total Factor Productivity in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Yu,   Bingxin.
The Malmquist index has become extensively used in international comparisons of agricultural productivity since it does not require prices for its estimation, which are normally not available. However, the DEA approach used to estimate this index still uses implicit price information. This entails potential problems because these methods are susceptible to the effect of data noise, and shadow prices can prove to be inconsistent with prior knowledge on cost shares. In this paper we analyze implicit input shadow shares used in the DEA approach to estimate agricultural productivity using the Malmquist index for 72 developing countries. We then set bounds to the implicit input shares introducing information on their likely value and compare constrained and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Malmquist; Shadow prices; Total factor productivity; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; D2.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51797

A Reappraisal of the Role of Agriculture in Economic Growth in Melanesian Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Fortunes in the agricultural sectors of four of the largest South Pacific countries are traced in recent decades by estimating the single factoral terms of trade index. The single factoral terms of trade are measured for agriculture in four Melanesian countries-Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu-over the period, 1970 to 2002. This index provides a useful method to assess changes in returns to factors employed in agricultural production in these countries. Except in Solomon Islands, farmers experienced a deteriorating index, indicating that they have reaped progressively lower returns to their resources. In Solomon Islands, returns to resources are shown to have increased slightly. A sustained contribution by the agricultural sector to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Factoral terms of trade; Melanesia; Smallholders; Total factor productivity; International Development; D24; O12; O47; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25715

MEASUREMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH INCORPORATING ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: A NUTRIENTS BALANCE APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoang,   Viet-Ngu; Coelli,   Tim J.
This paper develops a new measure of total factor productivity growth in agricultural production which incorporates environmental effects. The new measure is called the Total Factor Nutrient-Orientated Productivity (TFNP) Index, and incorporates a materials balance condition. TFNP measures changes in nutrient-orientated efficiency and can be decomposed into efficiency change (EC), technological change (TC) and nutrient-orientated technological change (NTC) components. An empirical analysis, involving country-level data from OECD countries during 1990-2003, is provided using DEA methods. Estimates of mean technical and nutrient-orientated efficiency are 0.798 and 0.526, respectively. Estimated mean TFNP growth is 1.5% per year, with nutrient-orientated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Environment; Nutrient balance; DEA; Productivity Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47636

Productivity and Efficiency of Corporate and Individual Farms in Ukraine
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sedik,   David J.
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of corporate and individual farms in Ukraine based primarily on cross-section data from a farm survey conducted by FAO in 2005. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier Analysis) for farms of different organizational forms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that, contrary to established convictions among the Ukrainian decision makers, the large corporate farms are not more productive than the smaller family farms. This finding is not restricted to Ukraine, as a similar result has been obtained by in Moldova, Russia, and the U.S. Policies encouraging a shift from large corporate farms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; D24; J24; P27; P31; P32; Q12; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9985

Productivity Growth in U.S. Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuglie,   Keith O.; MacDonald,   James C.; Ball,   V. Eldon.
Innovation and changes in technology have been a driving force for gains in productivity growth in U.S. agriculture. USDA's Economic Research Service has developed annual indexes of agricultural inputs, outputs, and total factor productivity (TFP) for 1948 through 2004. American agriculture relies almost entirely on productivity growth to raise output. By lowering the cost of agricultural commodities, productivity growth benefits not only farmers but also food manufacturers and consumers.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Productivity; Productivity growth; Total factor productivity; TFP; Labor; Farm economy; Prices; Agricultural research; Agricultural output; Technology; ERS; USDA; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6382

Brazilian Agricultural Productivity and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rada,   Nicholas E.; Buccola,   Steven T.
Replaced with revised version of poster 07/29/11.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Brazilian agriculture; Embrapa; Input distance function; Stochastic frontier; Total factor productivity; Technical change; Efficiency; International Development; Productivity Analysis; O2; O3.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103326

Contribution of Wheat Diversity to Total Factor Productivity in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jin,   Songqing; Meng,   Erika C.H.; Hu,   Ruifa; Rozelle,   Scott; Huang,   Jikun.
The impact of wheat diversity on the productivity of wheat in China is examined using total factor productivity (TFP) and an instrumental variable approach.  TFP in seven key wheat-producing provinces in China shows significant, though variable, growth for all provinces during the period 1982-1995.  Analysis of the causes of TFP growth tests alternative taxonomies of wheat diversity (named varieties and morphological groups) and three measures of diversity.  The analysis shows significant effects of diversity on TFP with results consistent across taxonomies and measures of diversity.  Further decomposition of the estimation results confirms the relative magnitude of impact of wheat diversity on TFP growth.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural productivity; China; Crop diversity; Diversity index; Total factor productivity; Wheat; Crop Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46555

Technical Efficiency in Bangladesh Rice Production: Are There Threshold Effects in Farm Size?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adachi,   Kenji; del Ninno,   Carlo; Liu,   Donald J.
Replaced with revised version of poster 07/21/10.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Data Envelopment Analysis; Threshold Estimation; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Rice; Farm size; Bangladesh; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61357

The Changing Economics of U.S. Hog Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Key,   Nigel D.; McBride,   William D.
The increasing size and specialization of hog operations reflect structural change in U.S. swine production during the past 15 years. The number of farms with hogs has declined by over 70 percent, as hog enterprises have grown larger. Large operations that specialize in a single phase of production have replaced farrow-to-finish operations that performed all phases of production. The use of production contracts has increased. Operations producing under contract are larger than independent operations and are more likely to specialize in a single phase of production. These structural changes have coincided with substantial gains in efficiency for hog farms and lower production costs. Most of these productivity gains are attributable to increases in the scale...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Hogs; Farm productivity; Production contracts; Pork prices; Scale of production; Farm structure; Total factor productivity; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6389

PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF SMALL AND LARGE FARMS IN MOLDOVA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lerman,   Zvi; Sutton,   William R.
The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of small and large farms in Moldova based primarily on cross-section data from three farm surveys conducted by the World Bank and USAID in 2000 and 2003. The survey data are supplemented where feasible with time series from official national-level statistics. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier and Data Envelopment Analysis algorithms) for the two categories of small individual farms and large corporate farms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that small individual farms in Moldova are more productive and more efficient than large corporate farms. This finding is not restricted...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Corporate farms; Comparative performance; Technical efficiency; Total factor productivity; Agrarian reforms; Transition countries; Farm Management; D24; J24; P27; P31; P32; Q12; Q15; R14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7133

An Updated Look at the Recovery of Agricultural Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nin Pratt,   Alejandro; Yu,   Bingxin.
We analyze the evolution of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) over the past 40 years, looking for evidence of recent changes in growth patterns using a nonparametric Malmquist index. Our TFP estimates show a remarkable recovery in the performance of Sub-Saharan Africa’s agriculture during between 1984 and 2003 after a long period of poor performance and decline. That recovery is the consequence of improved efficiency in production resulting from changes in the output structure and an adjustment in the use of inputs, including an overall net reduction in fertilizer use but increased fertilizer use in most of the best-performing countries. Policy changes implemented by African countries between the mid-1980s and the second...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Total factor productivity; Sub-Saharan Africa; Agricultural and Food Policy; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51731

Food Safety Regulation and Firm Productivity: Evidence from the French Food Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Requillart,   Vincent; Nauges,   Celine; Simioni,   Michel; Bontemps,   Christophe.
The purpose of this article is to assess whether food safety regulations imposed by the European Union in the 2000s may have induced a slow-down in the productivity of firms in the food processing sector. The impact of regulations on costs and productivity has seldom been studied. This article contributes to the literature by measuring productivity change using a panel of French food processing firms for the years 1996 to 2006. To do so, we develop an original iterative testing procedure based on the comparison of the distribution of efficiency scores of a set of firms. Our results confirm that productivity decreased in the poultry processing industry at the time when safety regulation was reinforced.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Safety regulation; Food processing sector; Panel data; Non-parametrics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C14; D24; L66.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124378

The Rapid Rise of China's Dairy Sector: Factors Behind the Growth in Demand and Supply
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuller,   Frank H.; Huang,   Jikun; Ma,   Hengyun; Rozelle,   Scott.
With the rapid growth in China's dairy industry, a number of recent papers have addressed either the supply or the demand trends for dairy products in China. None, however, presents a systematic explanation for the recent growth in both the supply and demand for dairy products. The goal of this paper is to sketch a more comprehensive picture of China's dairy sector and to assess the nature of the sector's development in the coming decades. Drawing upon several empirical studies, we examine the trends in dairy product consumption to create a composite picture of the factors underlying the recent growth. We also empirically investigate the sources of production gains in milk supply and assess the relative importance of expanding herd size, changes in the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: China; Consumption; Dairy; Milk supply; Stochastic production frontier; Total factor productivity; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18456

Land Quality in an International Comparison: It's Importance in Measuring Productivity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nehring,   Richard F.; Ball,   V. Eldon; Breneman,   Vincent E.
The purpose of this paper has been to present quality-adjusted values for land in the United States and nine European countries using price and quantity data for 1990. Disregarding such differences in the quality-adjusted land input would generate biased estimates of the land input and thus of total factor productivity. Land quality adjustments could potentially be enhanced further with additional data on soil characteristics, climate, and other productivity-related characteristics.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Hedonic techniques; Soil stress; Quality-adjusted land; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24910

U.S. Agriculture, 1960-96 A Multilateral Comparison of Total Factor Productivity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ball,   V. Eldon; Butault,   Jean-Pierre; Nehring,   Richard F.
This study provides estimates of the growth and relative levels of agricultural productivity for the 48 contiguous States for the period 1960 to 1996. For the full 1960-96 period, every State exhibits a positive and generally substantial average annual rate of productivity growth. There is considerable variance, however. The wide disparity in growth rates resulted in substantial changes in the ranking order of States by productivity. For each year, we calculate the coefficient of variation of productivity levels. We use these coefficients to show that the range of levels of productivity has narrowed over time, although the pattern of convergence was far from uniform. The fact that in some States, productivity grew faster than others and yet the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production accounts; Multilateral index numbers; Total factor productivity; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33590

Productivity in the New Zealand primary and downstream sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cao,   Kay; Forbes,   Rod; Gardiner,   Peter.
In New Zealand, there has been increasing interest in productivity growth, both at economywide and sector levels. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry maintains a total factor productivity series for the primary sectors. As part of the ministry’'s flagship project on growth and productivity, we are reviewing the methodology and extending productivity derivation to downstream industries. This paper presents our research results to date.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; New Zealand; Agriculture; Forestry; Downstream sectors; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10356

Productivity Change in the Australian Sheep Industry Revisited
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villano,   Renato A.; Fleming,   Euan M.; Farrell,   Terence C.; Fleming,   Pauline.
Recent low estimates of total factor productivity change for wool producers in the Australian sheep industry indicate that they are struggling to improve their performance. This evidence is at odds with the views of many technical observers of industry performance, prompting us to re-estimate total factor productivity change for farmers in a benchmarking group in south-west Victoria who had been the subject of such a negative finding. An important transformation in sheep production in Australia in recent decades has been a change in enterprise mix, notably a greater presence of prime lamb production. This change complicates the process of computing efficiency and productivity change. We demonstrate that a multi-input multi-output approach, based on the use...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Sheep; Stochastic output distance function; Technical change; Total factor productivity; Livestock Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis; C23; O3; Q12; Q16.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25593

Disaggregate Productivity Growth in Livestock Production: A Directional Malmquist Index Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ludena,   Carlos E.; Hertel,   Thomas W.; Preckel,   Paul V.; Foster,   Kenneth A.; Nin Pratt,   Alejandro.
Limited data on the allocation of inputs to different activities has limited agricultural economists' attempts to measure sub-sector productivity growth in agriculture. However, recent developments have enabled us to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) growth for crops and livestock accounting for input-output allocation. This paper extends previous work on TFP measurement for livestock into ruminants and non-ruminant productivity measurement, given the differences in productivity growth rates among these species. The results show that the non-ruminant sector is more dynamic than the ruminant sector, driving most of the productivity growth within the livestock sector. Given the rapid rates of productivity growth observed recently, non-ruminant...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Total factor productivity; Malmquist index; Livestock; Ruminants; Non-ruminants; Productivity Analysis; O47; O57; Q16.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19395