Consulta: subjectFacets:"Trophic interactions"
Registros recuperados: 11
Data/hora: 06/06/2024 09:26:58

Considering Other Consumers: Fisheries, Predators, and Atlantic Herring in the Gulf of Maine
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Read, Andrew J; Duke University; aread@duke.edu; Brownstein, Carrie R; Duke University; cbrownstein@audubon.org.
After decades of overexploitation and severe depletion, Atlantic herring stocks in waters of the northeastern United States have recovered. Fishery managers now consider the herring resource to be underexploited. Nevertheless, some fishery managers and sustainable fishery advocates in New England have expressed concern that the fishery management plan may not adequately consider the importance of herring as prey for marine mammals, seabirds, and piscivorous fish. Several studies suggest that consumption by these predators is significant, yet trophic interactions are not explicitly considered in stock assessment models. Instead, as in most fisheries stock assessments, predation is subsumed within the natural mortality rate, and no empirical estimates of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Atlantic herring; Ecosystem management; Fisheries management; Gulf of Maine; Marine mammals; Piscivores; Protected species; Single-species approach; Stock assessment; Trophic interactions.
Ano: 2003

Should Ecosystem Management Involve Active Control of Species Abundances?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lessard, Robert B; University of Alberta; bob.lessard@ualberta.ca; Martell, Steven J. D.; University of British Columbia; s.martell@fisheries.ubc.ca; Walters, Carl J; University of British Columbia; c.walters@fisheries.ubc.ca; Essington, Timothy E; University of Washington; essing@u.washington.edu; Kitchell, James F; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin; kitchell@mhub.limnology.wisc.edu.
We review four case studies in which there is a  risk of extinction or severe reduction in highly valued species if we ignore either, or both, of two ecosystem control options. &amp;#8220;Symptomatic control&amp;#8221; implies direct control of extinction risk through direct harvesting or culling of competitors and predators. &amp;#8220;Systemic control&amp;#8221; implies treating the causes of the problem that led to an unnaturally high abundance in the first place. We demonstrate, with a discussion of historically observed population trends, how surprising trophic interactions can emerge as a result of alterations to a system. Simulation models were developed for two of the case studies as aids to adaptive policy design, to expose possible abundance...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem management; Predator control; Trophic interactions.
Ano: 2005

Evaluation, scénarios et viabilité écologique et économique des pêcheries côtières tropicales : application au cas de la Guyane Française
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cisse, Abdoul.
The need for an integrated approach to fisheries is now widely affirmed, including the FAO, in particular in the context of tropical artisanal fisheries. These small-scale fisheries, often multispecies are very important in terms of production, employment and food security. However these fisheries and the exploited resources are often characterized by a lack of data making difficult their management within an ecosystem approach, and by the ecological and economic system complexities including trophic and technological interactions. This thesis aims to contribute to the development of bioeconomic tools for small tropical fisheries in a sustainable management perspective based on the ecosystem approach. In this perspective, the French Guiana coastal fishery...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pêcherie tropicale à petite échelle; Multi-flottilles; Multispécifique; Approche ecosystémique; Analyse multivariée; Intéractions trophiques; Modélisation bioéconomique; Indicateurs bioéconomiques; Analyse de viabilité; Stochasticité; Théorie des jeux.; Tropical small-scale fishery; Multi-fleet; Multi-species; Ecosystem approach; Multivariate analysis; Trophic interactions; Bioeconomic modeling; Bio-indicators; Sustainability analysis; Stochasticity; Game theory.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25492/23646.pdf

Trophic ecology of European sardine Sardina pilchardus and European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus in the Bay of Biscay (north-east Atlantic) inferred from delta C-13 and delta N-15 values of fish and identified mesozooplanktonic organisms
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chouvelon, Tiphaine; Chappuis, A.; Bustamante, Paco; Lefebvre, Sebastien; Mornet, Francoise; Guillou, G.; Violamer, L.; Dupuy, Christine.
European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) are two species of economical and ecological significance in the Bay of Biscay (north-east Atlantic). However, the trophic ecology of both species is still poorly known in the area, and more generally, few studies have considered the potential trophic overlap between sardines and anchovies worldwide. This study aims to highlight the trophic links between the mesozooplankton and adults of these two pelagic fish in the Bay of Biscay, through carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis (SIA). Mesozooplankton and individuals of sardines and anchovies were collected during one season (spring 2010), over spatially contrasted stations within the study area. First, the potential...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Plankton preservation; Plankton delipidation; Pelagic fish; Trophic interactions; Spatial variability; Isotopic mixing model.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00176/28741/27280.pdf

Trophic relationships between the farmed pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera and its epibionts revealed by stable isotopes and feeding experiments
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lacoste, Elise; Raimbault, Patrick; Harmelin-vivien, Mireille; Gaertner-mazouni, Nabila.
Bivalve cultures support a host of epibionts, mainly suspension feeders, which can compete for food resources with the cultivated bivalves. However, the magnitude of interspecific competition for food in bivalve aquaculture settings remains inconclusive, especially in tropical areas. We investigated the interactions for food between the farmed pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera and its epibionts, using stable isotope analysis and feeding experiments. Inter-and intraspecific variations of delta C-13 and delta N-15 stable isotope ratios (SIRs) were determined for oysters in the presence or absence of epibionts. The diet of the most abundant epibionts, Herdmania momus and Didemnum sp., was specified using isotope measurements and flow cytometry during...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ascidian; Biofouling; Trophic interactions; Stable isotope; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00664/77582/79564.pdf

An end-to-end coupled model ROMS-N(2)P(2)Z(2)D(2)-OSMOSE of the southern Benguela foodweb: parameterisation, calibration and pattern-oriented validation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Travers-trolet, Morgane; Shin, Yunne-jai; Field, J. G.
In order to better understand ecosystem functioning under simultaneous pressures (e.g. both climate change and fishing pressures), integrated modelling approaches are advocated. We developed an end-to-end model of the southern Benguela ecosystem by coupling the high trophic level model OSMOSE with a biophysical model (ROMS-N(2)P(2)Z(2)D(2)). OSMOSE is a spatial, multispecies, individual-based model simulating the whole life cycle of fish with fish schools interacting through opportunistic and size-based predation. It is linked to the biogeochemical model through the predation process; plankton groups are food for fish and fish apply a predation mortality on plankton. Here we describe the two-way coupling between the models and follow a pattern-oriented...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Individual-based model; Model validation; Pattern-oriented modelling; Trophic interactions; Two-way coupling.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00193/30457/83335.pdf

Feeding habits of fish from a stream in the savanna of Central Brazil, Araguaia Basin
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Melo,Cesar Enrique de; Machado,Francisco de Arruda; Pinto-Silva,Vangil.
The objective of the present study was to determine the composition of the diet of fish and its relation to the condition of canopy along a stream in the savanna of Central Brazil. Fish were collected monthly from April 1994 to March 1995. A total of 3872 individuals belonging to 82 species were captured and 1606 of them had their stomach content analysed. Allochthonous resources were widely used by fish. Although some fish groups do present generalist habits, most of the species can be included in well-defined trophic groups. Piscivores were abundant only during the flooding season when they occupied the stream looking for food and reproduction sites. Deforestation of the riparian forest has negative effects on the fish populations that depend on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Neotropical fishes; Fish ecology; Trophic interactions; Riparian forest; Cerrado.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252004000100006

Evidence for insect seed predator dynamics mediated by vertebrate frugivores
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: PEGUERO,GUILLE; ESPELTA,JOSEP M.
Vertebrate frugivores have been suggested to reduce seed predation, indirectly controlling populations of insect seed predators (ISP) by means of consuming many individuals when feeding on fruits. The possibility has not been explored, however, that this 'frugivore predation' may differentially affect ISP according to species-specific differences in larval development time within the fruit. In the dry tropical forest trees Acacia pennatula and Guazuma ulmifolia we compared seed predation and the absolute and relative abundances of bruchid beetle species (Bruchinae) in two sites, one with large frugivores (cattle) and the other cattle-free for a considerable time. In the site with cattle we found a notable overall reduction in the proportion of seeds...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Frugivory; Seed predation; Trophic interactions; Tropical dry forests.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2013000200005

Isotopic niches of sympatric native and exotic fish species in a Neotropical floodplain
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Philippsen,Juliana S.; Hauser,Marília; Benedito,Evanilde.
This study investigated the isotopic niches of two fish species, one exotic and one native. It was hypothesized that these species would show little or no isotopic niche overlap. This hypothesis was tested with the isotopic niche concept and the trophic Layman's metrics. A considerable isotopic niche overlap was observed between the species, mainly for the exotic that showed the greater percentage of overlapping, indicating an interspecific competition for food resources. Layman's metrics also showed this species probably exploits a more specific array of food resources when compared with the native species. The native species probably has the ability to exploit a wider array of resources, highlighted by the higher values given for the Layman's metrics....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Competition; Hoplias sp1; Hoplias sp2; Layman's metrics; Trophic interactions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000200825

Jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) predation by puma (Puma concolor) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Magioli,Marcelo; Ferraz,Katia Maria P. M de Barros.
Abstract The jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi) is the second most widespread carnivore of the Americas, and considered a threatened species in Brazil. However, most of its ecology is unknown, and few information is available about species that may act as its predator. In this study we present evidence of the predation of a jaguarundi by puma (Puma concolor) in a protected area (Carlos Botelho State Park) in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. We collected fecal samples in trails and dirt roads in the study area, and by using hair cuticle imprints and medullar patterns, we identified a puma scat containing hair and claws of a jaguarundi. Pumas usually consume carnivores, but the presence of felids is uncommon, especially in Brazil. This could be...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Intraguild predation; Trophic interactions; Diet; Felids; Feces.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032018000100501

Approximation to the diet of Thalassoma lucasanum (family Labridae) in the coral reef of La Azufrada, Gorgona Island, Eastern Tropical Pacific
Provedor de dados: 50
Autores: Palacios-Narváez,Stephania; Valencia,Bellineth; Giraldo,Alan.
ABSTRACT The Cortez rainbow wrasse, Thalassoma lucasanum, is an abundant reef fish of the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP). Unlike other species of the genus Thalassoma that are recognized as cleaners, in T. lucasanum this behavior is rare, since it feeds mainly on invertebrates through foraging. However, information on the trophic ecology of this species is limited, especially in the ETP. In this study, we characterize the feeding habits of T. lucasanum in Gorgona Island (ETP) from analyzing its gut contents and calculating its trophic niche. Mollusks were the main food resource of T. lucasanum, being this the most important and frequent prey item found in 100 % of the stomachs analyzed (n = 5). In terms of biomass, crustaceans had the greatest contribution...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coral reef fish; Stomach content; Trophic interactions; Colombian Pacific.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0122-97612020000300251