Consulta: subjectFacets:"Utility"
Registros recuperados: 11
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 00:59:44

Many-objective robust decision making for managing an ecosystem with a deeply uncertain threshold response
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Singh, Riddhi; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Pennsylvania State University; riddhi@iith.ac.in; Reed, Patrick M.; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University; patrick.reed@cornell.edu; Keller, Klaus; Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University; Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Pennsylvania State University; Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University; klaus@psu.edu.
Managing ecosystems with deeply uncertain threshold responses and multiple decision makers poses nontrivial decision analytical challenges.  The problem is imbued with deep uncertainties because decision makers do not know or cannot converge on a single probability density function for each key parameter, a perfect model structure, or a single adequate objective. The existing literature on managing multistate ecosystems has generally followed a normative decision-making approach based on expected utility maximization (MEU). This approach has simple and intuitive axiomatic foundations, but faces at least two limitations.  First, a prespecified utility function is often unable to capture the preferences of diverse decision makers.  Second, decision...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: A posteriori decision making; Deep uncertainty; Lake eutrophication; Many objective; Robustness analysis; Utility.
Ano: 2015

Trade-offs in ecosystem services and varying stakeholder preferences: evaluating conflicts, obstacles, and opportunities
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: King, Elizabeth; Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia; Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia; egking@uga.edu; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; cavender@umn.edu; Polasky, Stephen; Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota; Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota; polasky@umn.edu.
In efforts to increase human well-being while maintaining the natural systems and processes upon which we depend, navigating the trade-offs that can arise between different ecosystem services is a profound challenge.  We evaluated a recently developed simple analytic framework for assessing ecosystem service trade-offs, which characterizes such trade-offs in terms of their underlying biophysical constraints as well as divergences in stakeholders&amp;#8217; values for the services in question. Through a workshop and subsequent discussions, we identified four different types of challenging situations under which the framework allows important insights to clarify the nature of stakeholder conflicts, obstacles to promoting more sustainable outcomes, and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Biophysical constraint; Conflict; Ecosystem service; Human values; Participatory tool; Production possibility frontier; Sustainability; Trade-off; Utility.
Ano: 2015

Castanha-do-brasil: estudos agronômicos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MULLER, C. H.
bitstream/item/50147/1/DOCUMENTOS-1-CPATU.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Castanha-do-brasil; Cultivo; Ocorrencia; Utilidade; Enxertia; Tratos culturais; Acre; Pará; Amazonas; Brasil; Brazil nut; Cultivation; Occurence; Production; Botanic; Utility; Seed; Cultting; Grafting; Cultural practices.; Botânica; Bertholletia Excelsa; Germinação; Muda; Produção; Semente.; Amazonia; Germination.
Ano: 1981
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/379778

An Evaluation of U.S. Hog Producer Preferences Toward Autonomy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Davis,   Christopher G.; Rahelizatovo,   Noro C.
Hog farmers’ preferences for autonomy are assessed through the use of eight questions dealing with their preferences for general decision making and with respect to specific management actions.  Farmers generally preferred to make a higher percentage of the decisions about their operations, especially older producers and those who operated farrowing units.  Farmers who placed lower values on autonomy finished hogs, were nearing retirement, valued social relationships with other farmers more highly, had higher off-farm income, or were larger farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Autonomy; Contracting; Pork production; Utility; Q12; L14; D21.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43449

Some Estimates of Farmers' Utility Functions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hildreth,   Clifford; Knowles,   Glenn J.
Utility functions for 13 Minnesota farmers are estimated from their responses to hypothetical decision problems under uncertainty.  The results furnish strong evidence of risk aversion and of decreasing absolute risk aversion as wealth increases.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Utility; Bayesian; Farmers; Uncertainty; Risk aversion; Decision theory; Cattle; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54545

DEMANDE DU RIZ IMPORTE, DEMANDE DU RIZ PRODUIT LOCALEMENT AU TOGO : UNE ESTIMATION À PARTIR DU MODÈLE ALMOST IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM (AIDS)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tchabletienne,   Kombate; Koffi-Tessio,   Egnonto M.; Diagne,   Aliou.
L’approximation linéaire du modèle Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) est utilisée pour estimer la demande du riz (riz local et riz importé) au Togo de 1986 à 2006. Un modèle à correction d’erreur (MCE) a été développé pour tenir compte des relations de court terme entre les variables. Les paramètres de court et de long terme ont été estimés par les MCO. Dans cette étude, le riz local et le riz importé sont supposés être faiblement séparables des autres biens. Cette hypothèse excluant les relations avérées entre le riz importé et le riz local d’une part et entre ces produits, et les autres produits alimentaires d’autre part ; a conduit à estimer la demande du riz au Togo au deuxième stade d’un processus de maximisation de l’utilité. Les paramètres de...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Utilité; Élasticités conditionnelles marshalliennes; Demande; Utility; Conditional Marshallian elasticises; Demand; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97329

Estimation with Price and Output Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alghalith,   Moawia.
This paper extends the existing estimation methods to allow estimation under simultaneous price and output uncertainty. In contrast with the previous literature, our approach is applicable to the direct and indirect utility functions and does not require specification and estimation of the production function. We derive estimating equations for the two most common forms of output risk (additive and multiplicative risks) and empirically determine which form is appropriate. Moreover, our estimation method can be utilized by future empirical studies in several ways. First, our method can be extended to include multiple sources of uncertainty. Second, it is applicable to other specifications of output uncertainty. Third, it can be used to conduct hypothesis...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Estimating equations; Output uncertainty; Price uncertainty; Utility; D8; D2.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37108

DO ANTIBIOTICS REDUCE PRODUCTION RISK FOR U.S. PORK PRODUCERS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Xuanli; Miller,   Gay Y.; McNamara,   Paul E.
Production risk from live weight variation of market pigs has become a more important concern in U.S. swine production. Packers are concerned about the variation in carcass size because of the demand for standardized cuts and the use of automation in the slaughter process. Swine producers care about standardized pigs because of revenue implications and possible links to animal health and productivity. Pig size variation can be due to various condition and inputs including antibiotics. However, discussions on risk reduction from antibiotic use have generally not been considered. Our work extends previous studies by systematically examining the aspects of production risk reduction and highlights the potential results of banning antibiotics from a risk...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production risk; Antibiotics; Swine; Utility; Stochastic dominance; Livestock Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty; Q10; Q12; Q14.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22026

Futuros agropecuários em portfólios de máxima utilidade esperada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Silveira,   Rodrigo Lanna Franco da; Barros,   Geraldo Sant'Ana de Camargo.
This study investigates the composition of maximum expected utility portfolio, considering stocks, bonds, gold, dollar and agricultural futures contract, between August of 1994 and December of 2007. From the optimal combinations of risk-return (calculated by Markowitz algorithm) and the use of a quadratic utility function (with different levels of risk aversion), were obtained portfolios that maximizes expected utility. The commodity futures were not present in the maximum expected utility portfolios for the complete period, 1994-2000. However, with division of sample in two and three periods, the commodity futures were included in these portfolios during the 2000s. Furthermore, in general, with the risk aversion increase, the participation of these papers...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Portfolio; Agricultural futures contract; Utility; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56854

LA CADENA PRODUCTIVA DE GANADO BOVINO EN EL SUR DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hernandez Martinez,   Juvencio; Rebollar Rebollar,   Samuel; Gonzalez Razo,   Felipe de Jesus; Guzman Soria,   Eugenio; Albarran Portillo,   Benito; Garcia Martinez,   Anastacio.
In Mexico beef cattle production under double purpose systems is the main economic activity in rural areas. This activity has been developed for decades in the south of México State, without any technical assistance. The productive chain of beef production has a weak links between the different bonds (producers, slaughter houses, traders etc.), which in general have been working independently. Organization between the bonds of the chain will increase the competitiveness of the system. Results of the study indicate that beef production chain in the south of Mexico State is a competitive and profitable, due to its low investment cost, but mainly because of its great flexibility, even though optimum productivity is not achieved. During 2008, sales utilities...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Productive chain; Beef production; Utility; Competitiveness.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113950

Low prevalence of relevant findings in inappropriate echocardiograms and discordant perceptions between cardiologists and patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lopes,J.R.; Oliveira,A.C.; Rios,V.G.; Correia,L.C.L.
Complementary examinations are “inadequate” whenever the likelihood of benefits from their indication is lower than the negative results. The low benefit is a result of poor performance in detecting relevant changes that lead to improved behavior. However, inadequate examinations are prevalent and little is known about patients' notions of the usefulness of such indications. The aim of this study was to describe relevant findings in inappropriate echocardiograms and to assess the level of agreement between patients and cardiologists regarding their usefulness. Adults without known cardiovascular disease who were referred for echocardiogram by inappropriate criteria according to the American College of Cardiology were selected. Relevant findings were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Echocardiogram; Inappropriate; Utility; Patients; Cardiologists.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000800606