Consulta: subjectFacets:"Water availability"
Registros recuperados: 37
Data/hora: 02/06/2024 16:38:50

Crecimiento de la población y expansión urbana de la ciudad de Xalapa, Veracruz y sus efectos sobre la vegetación y agroecosistemas.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Benítez Badillo, Griselda.
La ciudad de Xalapa se ubica en el municipio del mismo nombre en el centro del estado de Veracruz; junto con cuatro municipios más, conforman la Zona Metropolitana de Xalapa (ZMX), asentada en una región de gran diversidad ecológica, riqueza histórica e importancia económica. La expansión urbana es compleja y abarca múltiples aspectos. Razón por la cual, se aborda particularmente el establecimiento de asentamientos irregulares en ejidos, amenaza para los últimos remanentes de bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM) del municipio de Xalapa (MX), ecosistema único de gran biodiversidad y de los más amenazados en México y en riesgo de perderse los bienes y servicios ambientales que provee. La mancha urbana avanza también en ejidos con cultivos de café y caña de...
Palavras-chave: Expansión urbana; Bosque mesófilo de montaña; Asentamientos irregulares; Ejido; Tenencia de la tierra; Disponibilidad de agua; SIG; Informal settlements; Urban expansion; Cloud forest; Land tenure; Water availability; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/544

Crecimiento de la población y expansión urbana de la ciudad de Xalapa, Veracruz y sus efectos sobre la vegetación y agroecosistemas.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Benítez Badillo, Griselda.
La ciudad de Xalapa se ubica en el municipio del mismo nombre en el centro del estado de Veracruz; junto con cuatro municipios más, conforman la Zona Metropolitana de Xalapa (ZMX), asentada en una región de gran diversidad ecológica, riqueza histórica e importancia económica. La expansión urbana es compleja y abarca múltiples aspectos. Razón por la cual, se aborda particularmente el establecimiento de asentamientos irregulares en ejidos, amenaza para los últimos remanentes de bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM) del municipio de Xalapa (MX), ecosistema único de gran biodiversidad y de los más amenazados en México y en riesgo de perderse los bienes y servicios ambientales que provee. La mancha urbana avanza también en ejidos con cultivos de café y caña de...
Palavras-chave: Expansión urbana; Bosque mesófilo de montaña; Asentamientos irregulares; Ejido; Tenencia de la tierra; Disponibilidad de agua; SIG; Informal settlements; Urban expansion; Cloud forest; Land tenure; Water availability; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/544

River basins as social-ecological systems: linking levels of societal and ecosystem water metabolism in a semiarid watershed
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cabello, Violeta; Department of Human Geography, University of Seville; vcabellov@gmail.com; Willaarts, Barbara A.; Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks - CEIGRAM, Technical University of Madrid.; barbara.willaarts@upm.es; Aguilar, Monica; Department of Physical Geography, University of Seville; malba@us.es; del Moral Ituarte, Leandro; Department of Human Geography, University of Seville; lmoral@us.es.
River basin modeling under complexity requires analytical frameworks capable of dealing with the multiple scales and dimensions of environmental problems as well as uncertainty in the evolution of social systems. Conceptual and methodological developments can now be framed using the wide socio-eco-hydrological approach. We add hierarchy theory into the mix to discuss the conceptualization of river basins as complex, holarchic social-ecological systems. We operationalize the social-ecological systems water metabolism framework in a semiarid watershed in Spain, and add the governance dimension that shapes human-environment reciprocity. To this purpose, we integrate an eco-hydrological model with the societal metabolism accounting scheme for land use, human...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Holarchy; River basin; Socio-eco-hydrology; Social-ecological systems; Water availability; Water metabolism.
Ano: 2015

Recruitment patterns in four species of Physaria (Brassicaceae): implications for maintenance of population density over time in both native and cultivated stands
Provedor de dados: 67
Autores: González-Paleo,Luciana; Pastor-Pastor,Alejandro; Bar Lamas,Marlene; Vilela,Alejandra; Ravetta,Damián.
Seedling recruitment is a critical stage of a plant's cycle which determines population viability, the potential for invasiveness of a plant species and the success of establishment of a crop, among other processes. We evaluated the most relevant stages leading to recruitment (seed-rain, the time of seedling emergence, and seedling survival) in four species of Physaria (P. gracilis, P. angustifolia, Physaria pinetorum and P. mendocina) in a field experiment in Patagonia, Argentina, to assess the possibility of using spontaneous recruitment to understand population dynamics and to evaluate the potential of this process as a tool for crop reestablishment. We determined the effect of water availability and initial seedling density on final stand density. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lesquerella; Arid environments; Seed-rain; Seedling survival; Seedling density; Water availability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1667-782X2016000300012

STREAMFLOW REGIONALIZATION IN PIQUIRI RIVER BASIN
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Araujo,Fernanda C.; Mello,Eloy L. de; Gollin,Gisele M.; Quadros,Luciana E. de; Gomes,Benedito M.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to regionalize 7-day 10-year low flows, long-term annual mean, and 90% and 95% permanence flows from Piquiri (PR) river basin. The following regionalization methods were adopted: Traditional, Linear interpolation, Chaves, Modified linear interpolation, and Modified Chaves. The equations obtained by the Traditional method, adding main river length or drainage density as independent variables, significantly improved R2 equations value. Streamflow forecasting by Linear Interpolation and Chaves methods were as good as those provided by the Traditional Method, thus, these methods could be applied to Piquiri River basin, especially when drainage area is the only available spatial information.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water availability; Water resources management; Average streamflow; Low flows; Flows permanence.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162018000100022

CLASSIFICATION OF RICE GRAINS OF LOWLAND CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER FLOOD IRRIGATION AND SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Meus,Lorenzo D.; Muttoni,Martina; Bartz,Alex C.; Kaminski,Tiago A.; Alberto,Cleber M.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to analyze the classification of rice grains of lowland cultivars grown under flood and sprinkler irrigation. The study was carried out in the agricultural years 2011/2012 and 2014/2015 using a completely randomized block design with split plots. In 2011/2012, the treatments were three lowland rice cultivars grown under flood irrigation system and five sprinkler irrigation depths with four replications. In 2014/2015, the experimental design was maintained but flood irrigation was not performed. After harvest, the samples were processed in a rice testing machine, including peeling, polishing and classification. Whole and broken grains were weighed to calculate hulling and milling yield. The classifications followed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa; Water availability; Grain quality; Productivity.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162018000400599

Extrapolation of regionalization equations for long-term average flow
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Pruski,Fernando F.; Rodriguez,Renata del Giudice; Pruski,Pedro L.; Nunes,Aline de A.; Rego,Fernando S.
ABSTRACT Knowledge about long-term average flow is essential for planning and managing water resources because it represents the potential water availability. One technique used to determine streamflow is regionalization, but because most gauge stations normally are associated with large drainage areas, the extrapolation of regionalization equations does not accurately represent the water availability; therefore, this method is not recommended. The main objective of the present paper is to propose a new method of estimating water availability that minimizes the risks of extrapolating regionalization equations for long-term average flow. The method is based on the use of a threshold value of the runoff coefficient to obtain the long-term average flow at the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water availability; Planning and management of water resources; Water safety.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162016000500830

CLIMATOLOGICAL WATER BALANCE WITH DATA ESTIMATED BY TROPICAL RAINFALL MEASURING MISSION FOR THE DOCE RIVER BASIN
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Louzada,Franciane L. R. de O.; Xavier,Alexandre C.; Pezzopane,José E. M.
ABSTRACT The Climatic Water Balance (CLIMWB) is very used in the climatic characterization and can also offer important contribution in the identification of the water demand for irrigation of a region. For this, reliable precipitation data with good spatial coverage is required. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite -TRMM-3B43-v7 is a partnership between NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and Japan's Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), which estimates rainfall data for the tropics region. The aim of this study is to evaluate the CLIMWB obtained by the Thornthwaite &amp; Mather method (1955), with estimated rainfall data with the 3B43 product versus those generated with rainfall data and to map pixel-by-pixel water...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Orbital data; Rainfall; Water deficit; Water availability.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162018000300376

Low-flow estimates in regions of extrapolation of the regionalization equations: a new concept
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Pruski,Fernando F.; Rodriguez,Renata Del G.; Nunes,Aline A.; Pruski,Pedro L.; Singh,Vijay P.
ABSTRACT Knowledge of natural water availability, which is characterized by low flows, is essential for planning and management of water resources. One of the most widely used hydrological techniques to determine streamflow is regionalization, but the extrapolation of regionalization equations beyond the limits of sample data is not recommended. This paper proposes a new method for reducing overestimation errors associated with the extrapolation of regionalization equations for low flows. The method is based on the use of a threshold value for the maximum specific low flow discharge estimated at the gauging sites that are used in the regionalization. When a specific low flow, which has been estimated using the regionalization equation, exceeds the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water availability; Planning and management of water resources; Water safety.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162015000500808

Different water volumes in the substrate and temperatures for germination of cabacinha seeds
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Araújo,Paulo C; Alves,Edna U; Ursulino,Marina M; Araújo,Luciana R; Silva,Rosemere S.
Cabacinha (Luffa operculata) is a species that has been used empirically in folk medicine against sinusitis. The fruits have important pharmaceutical substances and studies related to its germination are not available, justifying the determination of the appropriate conditions that make possible the germination of its seeds. Thus, we evaluated the influence of different volumes of water in substrate and temperatures on germination and vigor of cabacinha. The treatments consisted of moistened substrate with water volumes equal to 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 and 3.5 times its weight of the dry paper and the seeds were kept in germination regulated at constant temperatures of 25, 30 and 35°C and 20-30°C alternating. The percentage and speed of germination, hypocotyl and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Luffa operculata; Medicinal species; Water availability; Seeds analysis.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362014000300367

Irrigation as an alternative to reduce damages caused by defoliation of sweet corn
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Santos,Osvaldir F; Lima,Sebastião F; Piati,Gabriel Luiz; Barzotto,Gustavo R; Gava,Ricardo.
ABSTRACT Reduction of leaf area significantly affects maize productivity, due to its low plasticity. Thus, appropriate water application can minimize this problem, considering that under favorable water conditions the plant would express its maximum production potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of irrigation on the productive performance of sweet corn submitted to different defoliation levels at the beginning of crop cycle. The experimental design was a randomized block design, arranged in split plot scheme; plots consisting of four water depths [50, 75, 100 and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and the subplots consisted of three defoliation levels [0% (control); 35% (removal of four fully expanded leaves), 100% (total...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Water availability; Leaf area; Grain yield.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362018000300341

Determinacao da evapotranspiracao de uma bacia hidrografica sob vegetacao de cerrado pelo metodo do balanco hidrico.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LIMA, J. E. F. W.; SILVA, C. L. da; OLIVEIRA, C. A. da S.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24362/1/p2002_27.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: ECAGUA110; Brasil; Water availability; Savanna.; Bacia Hidrográfica; Cerrado; Disponibilidade de Água; Evapotranspiração; Recurso Hídrico.; Brazil; Evapotranspiration; Watersheds.; Water resources.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567661

Caracterização preliminar dos recursos hídricos superficiais da APA de Cafuringa, DF.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LIMA, J. E. F. W.; OLIVEIRA-FILHO, E. C. de; SILVA, E. M. da; FARIAS, M. F. R.
ABSTRACT: The Cafuringa's environmental protection area is considered one of the last natural area of the Brazilian Federal District. The lack of hydrological data and information represent a risk for the preservation of this area. So, the main objective of this work is to present a preliminary survey about the quantity and the quality of the water resources available in this region to support its appropriate management.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Área de Proteção Ambiental; Cafuringa; Water availability; Hidrography.; Cerrado; Disponibilidade de Água; Hidrografia; Manejo de Água; Recurso Hídrico.; Qualidade da Água; Environmental protection; Water quality; Water management; Water resources.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568174

Qualidade física do solo em sistemas de preparo convencional e plantio direto em latossolo do cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SANTOS JÚNIOR, J. de D. G.; SÁ. M. A. C. de; REIN, T. A.
RESUMO: Menor desenvolvimento inicial em plantas de soja (safra 2004/2005) foi observado em plantio direto (PD em comparação ao plantio convencional (PC) em área experimental da Embrapa Cerrados. Diferenças visuais no sistema radicular sugeriram adensamento superficial no PD. Nesse local, avaliaram-se as alterações nos atributos físicos do solo relacionados aos sistemas de preparo e ao crescimento do milho cultivado, em sucessão à soja, na safra 2005/2006. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Atributos físico-hídricos do solo, intervalo hídrico ótimo (IHO), parâmetro S e índice de cone determinado a campo (IC campo) foram avaliados como indicadores da qualidade física do solo. Os sistemas de preparo...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Plantio convencional; Densidade; Intervalo hídrico; Water availability; Soil chemicophysical properties; Zero tillage.; Disponibilidade de Água; Física do Solo; Plantio Direto; Solo.; Density; Conventional tillage; Soil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/570280

Avaliacao dos riscos agroclimaticos das pastagens sobre um latossolo no cerrado brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BRUNET, D.; SILVA, A. F. M. da.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24433/1/p2003_23.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: ECLIMA200; Water availability; Soil pastures.; Balanço Hídrico; Cerrado; Clima; Disponibilidade de Água; Pastagem; Risco; Solo.; Climate; Risk; Water balance.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/566161

Simulating effects of crop residue mulching on soil water and maize grain yield in the tropical cerrado region on Brazil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CORBEELS, M.; MACENA, F.; AFFHOLDER, F.; SCOPEL, E.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24329/1/p2003_14.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Regiao Tropical; Brasil; Zero tillage; Water availability; Residues; Maize.; Cerrado; Disponibilidade de Água; Milho; Palhada; Plantio Direto; Resíduo.; Brazil; Mulches.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567634

Soil moisture and soybean physiology affected by drought in an integrated crop-livestock system
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Martins,Amanda Posselt; Costa,Sérgio Ely Valadão Gigante de Andrade; Anghinoni,Ibanor; Kunrath,Taise Robinson; Cecagno,Diego; Reichert,José Miguel; Balerini,Fabrício; Dillenburg,Lúcia Rebello; Carvalho,Paulo César de Faccio.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of grazing intensities after 11 years of an integrated crop-livestock system, under no-tillage, on soil moisture and soybean physiological parameters during a summer season affected by drought. The experiment was established in 2001 on a Rhodic Hapludox. Treatments consisted in the succession of soybean (summer) and a mixed pasture of black oat + Italian ryegrass (winter), under different beef-cattle grazing intensities: intensive grazing, with 0.10-m pasture height; moderate grazing, with 0.20-m pasture height; and no grazing. During the soybean cycle, in the 2011/2012 crop season, rainfall was 40% of the climatological normal. The soil moisture was within the limits of available water both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Leaf temperature; Leaf water potential; Water availability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000800978

Chemical and hydrophysical attributes of an Oxisol under coffee intercropped with brachiaria in the Cerrado
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Rocha,Omar Cruz; Ramos,Maria Lucrécia Gerosa; Veiga,Adriano Delly; Guerra,Antonio Fernando; Bartholo,Gabriel Ferreira; Rodrigues,Gustavo Costa; Silva,Juliano Escobar da.
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of irrigation and of the presence of brachiaria (Urochloa decumbens) between coffee (Coffea arabica) rows on coffee yield and on chemical and hydrophysical attributes of a Typic Haplustox. The study was conducted in the Cerrado region in Planaltina, Brasília, DF, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, arranged in split-split plots, with four replicates. Water regimes (irrigated or rainfed) were assigned to the main plots, inter-row management systems to the subplots, and soil layers to the sub-subplots. The following soil attributes were determined: total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, carbon and nitrogen stocks, bulk density, aggregate stability, total porosity,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica; Urochloa decumbens; Cover crops; Soil physical quality; Soil porosity; Water availability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000901476

Simulation of growth and development of irrigated cowpea in Piauí State by CROPGRO model
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Bastos,Edson Alves; Folegatti,Marcos Vinícius; Faria,Rogério Teixeira de; Andrade Júnior,Aderson Soares de; Cardoso,Milton José.
The objective of this work was to adapt the CROPGRO model, which is part of the DSSAT system, for simulating the cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) growth and development under soil and climate conditions of the Baixo Parnaíba region, Piauí State, Brazil. In the CROPGRO, only input parameters that define crop species, cultivars, and ecotype were changed in order to characterize the cowpea crop. Soil and climate files were created for the considered site. Field experiments without water deficit were used to calibrate the model. In these experiments, dry matter (DM), leaf area index (LAI), yield components and grain yield of cowpea (cv. BR 14 Mulato) were evaluated. The results showed good fit for DM and LAI estimates. The medium values of R² and medium absolute...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata; Models; Climatic factors; Edaphic factor; Water availability; DSSAT.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2002001000005

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON SEED GERMINATION AND EMERGENCE OF GLYPHOSATE RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE SOURGRASS
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: MARTINS,J.F.; BARROSO,A.A.M.; ALVES,P.L.C.A.
ABSTRACT Sourgrass is one of the most problematic weeds of Brazil. It is an aggressive species in the allocation of resources from the environment and reported to be glyphosate resistant in several states of the country. This work has aimed to verify environmental effects on seed germination and seedling emergence of sourgrass. Laboratory and field trials were conducted to determine the effects of temperature, light, photoperiod, water availability and depth of burial in germination and emergence of seeds. The maximum germination was greater than 80% for seed originated from resistant plants between 15 and 30 oC. For the susceptible ones, the maximum germination occurred only at 30 oC. Germination occurred for both biotypes independent of the presence of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Digitaria insularis; Water availability; Photoperiod; Seeds; Temperature.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100243

Water Stress in the Production and Quality of Bidens pilosa and Raphanus raphanistrum Seeds
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: PEREIRA,M.R.R.; MARTINS,C.C.; SILVA JR.,A.C.; MARTINS,D.
ABSTRACT: Plants in soils with low water availability may present a reduction of their leaf area and photosynthetic rate, as well as lower assimilated compound supply for seeds. Knowing the physiological quality and seed production of weeds generated under water deficit conditions can help understanding the survival and competition strategies of species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of water stress on the production and germination of Bidens pilosa and Raphanus raphanistrum seeds. Plants were maintained in soils with different water potentials (-0.03, -0.07 and -1.5 MPa) throughout their cycle, until seed production, when they were harvested. Then, evaluations were performed to find out the number of seeds per plant and number of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Germination; Vigor; Water availability.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100305

Possible Impacts of Climate Change on Mediterranean Irrigated Farming Systems
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dono,   Gabriele; Cortignani,   Raffaele; Doro,   Luca; Ledda,   Luigi; Roggero,   PierPaolo; Giraldo,   Luca; Severini,   Simone.
In the agricultural sector, climate change (CC) affects multiple weather variables at different stages of crop cycles. CC may influence the mean level or affect the distribution of events (e.g., rainfall, temperature). This work evaluates the economic impact of CC-related changes in multiple climatic components, and the resulting uncertainty. For this purpose, a three-stage discrete stochastic programming model is used to represents farm sector of an irrigated area of Italy and to examine the influence of CC on rainfall and on maximum temperature. These variables affect the availability of water for agriculture and the water requirements of irrigated crops. The states of nature, and their change, are defined more broadly than in previous analyses; this...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discrete stochastic programming model; Climate change; Water availability; Irrigation requirements; Farm Management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114436

Urban wastewater:  A valuable resource for agriculture - A case study from Haroonabad, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Hoek,   Wim; Ul Hassan,   Mehmood; Ensink,   Jeroen H.J.; Feenstra,   Sabiena; Raschid-Sally,   Liqa; Munir,   Sarfraz; Aslam,   Rizwan; Ali,   Nazim; Hussain,   Raheela; Matsuno,   Yutaka.
Farming communities in water-scarce regions increasingly practice the use of urban wastewater in agriculture. Untreated urban wastewater is generally considered unacceptable for direct use because of potential health risks. However, in many parts of the world, poor farmers in peri-urban areas use untreated wastewater. This situation is considered likely to continue even in the foreseeable future due to the high investment cost associated with the installation of treatment facilities.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Waste waters; Irrigation water; Water reuse; Economic analysis; Soil properties; Households; Water availability; Water use; Water quality; Groundwater; Public health; Risks; Case studies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44566

Analysis of the Adoption of Irrigation Technologies Under Uncertain Water Availability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Escribano,   Maria Jesus; Calatrava-Leyva,   Javier.
This paper analyses the adoption process of water-conserving irrigation technologies by a risk averse farmer in a context of uncertain water availability. Firstly, it is analytically shown that the increase in water efficiency that the new technology allows results in a decrease in the cost of the effective irrigation water applied, as well as in an increase in both effective water applied and crop production. It is also concluded that the optimal amount of irrigation water applied depends on individual risk preferences of the producer, on the variance and asymmetry of the cost of water applied, and on the elasticity of the marginal productivity of the effective water applied. Lastly, it is theoretically shown that an increase in the level of uncertainty...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Irrigation technology; Adoption; Risk; Water availability; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q25; Q12; D81.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24672

Institutional perspectives of land reclamation operations in Punjab: A case study of the Lower Chenab Canal (East) Circle Area
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa; Rehman,   Saeed ur.
The Directorate of Land Reclamation (DLR), which was set up in 1945, is a special unit of Punjab's Irrigation and Power Department for undertaking research and field operations to combat the problem of salinity.  Approaching the end of five decades of existence, the directorate is yet to demonstrate its effectiveness in its assigned task; its inability to fully cope with the conditions of a fast changing irrigation environment makes this rather an illusive goal. In the selection of lands for reclamation, the Directorate is heavily dependent on the visual salinity survey (Thur Girdawari) carried out every year by the Irrigation Department's field staff.  This visual survey appears to be a quick and cost-effective method of assessing surface salinity, but...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land reclamation; Soil salinity; Irrigated sites; Irrigation canals; Irrigation water; Institutions; Legal aspects; Irrigation scheduling; Water availability; Irrigated farming; Case studies; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113011

Land and water productivity: trends across Punjab canal commands.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tahir,   Zubair; Habib,   Zaigham.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Land use; Water use; Productivity; Indicators; Crop yield; Irrigation canals; Groundwater; Water availability; River basins; Rain; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92783

Water resources management in Afghanistan:  The issues and options
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Qureshi,   Asad Sarwar.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate; Water availability; Crop yield; Rural economy; Water resources; Groundwater; Surface water; Irrigation systems; Irrigation canals; Dams; Water allocation; Water resource management; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92703

The groundwater economy of Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Qureshi,   Asad Sarwar; Shah,   Tushaar; Akhtar,   Mujeeb.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Groundwater irrigation; Groundwater extraction; Utilization factor; Electric tubewells; Diesel tubewells; Groundwater economy; Groundwater markets; Groundwater pricing; Crop yield; Crop production; Farmers; Pumps; Irrigated farming; Water resources; Agricultural production; Groundwater development; Land use; Water availability; Farmers; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92662

Spatial variation in water supply and demand across river basins of India
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amarasinghe,   Upali A.; Sharma,   Bharat R.; Aloysius,   Noel; Scott,   Christopher A.; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.; de Fraiture,   Charlotte.
India is a large country with regional differences in per-capita water supply and demand. Attempts to describe the water situation in India at a national level are often misleading due to the tremendous diversity in the water situation across the country. This Report analyzes the spatial variation of water supply and demand across river basins in India. The study identifies basins that are water-scarce because of inadequate water availability to meet the effective demand. It also identifies issues that are important for estimating the future water demand and for the formation of policy for future water-resources development and management.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water supply; Water demand; River basins; Catchment areas; Water availability; Water scarcity; Estimation; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Population growth; Urbanization; Groundwater extraction; Crop production; Policy; Water transfer; India; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52966

An evaluation of the economic impact of Climate Change through a three-stages Discrete Stochastic Programming model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cortignani,   Raffaele; Dono,   Gabriele; Doro,   Luca; Ledda,   Luigi; Mazzapicchio,   Graziano.
The climate change in the agricultural sector acting on multiple weather variables at different times of the various crop cycles. In several cases by changing the mean level of variables (rainfall, temperature, etc..), in other cases by changing the distribution of events. This work provides an evaluation of the economic impact due to changes in multiple events, and to the associated uncertainty. For this reason, a classical two-stage stochastic programming model was extend into a three-stages model. The model is specified for an area of Sardinia, and examines the impact of climate change on rainfall and hence on the availability of water for agriculture, and on maximum temperatures and, therefore, on the requirements of some irrigated crops relevant to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Discrete Stochastic Programming Model; Climate change; Water availability; Irrigation requirements; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109317

Chemical and physical-hydric characterisation of a red latosol after five years of management during the summer between-crop season
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Silva,José Fausto Guimarães; Severiano,Eduardo da Costa; Costa,Kátia Aparecida de Pinho; Benites,Vinícius de Melo; Guimarães Júnnyor,Wellingthon da Silva; Bento,José Carlos.
Agricultural production systems that include the production of mulch for no-tillage farming and structural improvement of the soil can be considered key measures for agricultural activity in the Cerrado region without causing environmental degradation. In this respect, our work aimed to evaluate the chemical and physical-hydric properties of a dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goias, Brazil, under different soil management systems in the between-crop season of soybean cultivation five years after first planting. The following conditions were evaluated: Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu as a cover crop during the between-crop season; Second crop of maize intercropped with Brachiaria ruziziensis; Second crop of grain alone in a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brachiaria; Crop succession; No-tillage; Least limiting water range; Water availability.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832014000500023

HEAVY METALS AND MICRONUTRIENTS IN THE SOIL AND GRAPEVINE UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION STRATEGIES
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Oliveira,Vanessa de Souza; Lima,Augusto Miguel Nascimento; Salviano,Alessandra Monteiro; Bassoi,Luís Henrique; Pereira,Giuliano Elias.
Soils under natural conditions have heavy metals in variable concentrations and there may be an increase in these elements as a result of the agricultural practices adopted. Transport of heavy metals in soil mainly occurs in forms dissolved in the soil solution or associated with solid particles, water being their main means of transport. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the heavy metal and micronutrient content in the soil and in the grapevine plant and fruit under different irrigation strategies. The experiment was carried out in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The treatments consisted of three irrigation strategies: full irrigation (FI), regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), and deficit irrigation (DI). During the period of grape maturation,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water availability; Nutrients; Grape.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832015000100162

Structural changes in latosols of the cerrado region: I - relationships between soil physical properties and least limiting water range
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Severiano,Eduardo da Costa; Oliveira,Geraldo César de; Dias Júnior,Moacir de Souza; Costa,Katia Aparecida de Pinho; Silva,Fabiano Guimarães; Ferreira Filho,Silvio Marcos.
The agricultural potential of Latosols of the Brazilian Cerrado region is high, but when intensively cultivated under inappropriate management systems, the porosity can be seriously reduced, leading to rapid soil degradation. Consequently, accelerated erosion and sedimentation of springs and creeks have been observed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate structural changes of Latosols in Rio Verde, Goiás, based on the Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR), and relationships between LLWR and other physical properties. Soil samples were collected from the B horizons of five oxidic Latosols representing the textural variability of the Latosols of the Cerrado biome. LLWR and other soil physical properties were determined at various soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil compaction; Degradation of agricultural soils; Soil penetration resistance; Water availability; Soil texture.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832011000300013

Productive characteristics and water use efficiency in cotton plants under different irrigation strategies
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Silva,Vamberto G. de F.; Andrade,Albericio P. de; Fernandes,Pedro D.; Silva,Ivandro de F. da; Azevedo,Carlos A. V. de; Araújo,Jucilene S.
Studies have been carried out on efficient water use in irrigation. The present study evaluates the yield of cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch), and the use of water for different irrigation strategies. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, and the cultivar used was CNPA-7H Precocious grown in plastic pots; each pot contained 20 kg of dry soil. The irrigation strategies were selected by taking into account the available water in the soil, the irrigation frequency and the irrigation suppression during flowering and boll development. Water consumption, boll weight, yield, harvest index and water use efficiency were evaluated and the results showed that water consumption resulting from the irrigation strategies used...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gossypium hirsutum; Phenology; Water availability; Water saving.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662010000500001

Response mechanisms of Brachiaria brizantha cultivars to water deficit stress
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Santos,Patricia Menezes; Cruz,Pedro Gomes da; Araujo,Leandro Coelho de; Pezzopane,José Ricardo Macedo; Valle,Cacilda Borges do; Pezzopane,Cristiana de Gaspari.
Two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst ex. A. Rich) Stapf. (Syn. Urochloa) were evaluated for their adaptation to water deficit and the stress response mechanisms in a greenhouse experiment. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks with a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. The Marandu and BRS Piatã cultivars were evaluated under two water availability conditions, with or without water restriction. The harvests were carried out 0, 7, 14 and 28 days after the start of water restriction. For both cultivars, the water deficit stress caused a reduction in shoot biomass and leaf area and an increase in the percentage of roots in the deeper soil layers. The B. brizantha cv. Marandu reached critical levels of leaf water potential in a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BRS Piatã; Marandu; Osmotic potential; Water availability; Water potential.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982013001100001

Variation in plant-animal interactions along an elevational gradient of moist forest in a semiarid area of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Diogo,Ivan Jeferson Sampaio; Martins,Fernando Roberto; Verola,Christiano Franco; Costa,Itayguara Ribeiro da.
Pollination and dispersal are critical ecological processes that directly affect the reproductive success of plants and are important for understanding the structure of plant communities. We compiled data on pollination and dispersal syndromes of 406 plant species distributed among different elevations in Área de Proteção Ambiental da Serra de Baturité (APASB) in northeastern Brazil. We aim to determine how the dispersal and pollination of the flora in the mountainous rainforest of APASB are affected by climate, relief and growth form. We hypothesized that plant community is comprised of different ecological groups based on biotic and abiotic syndromes. Melittophily was the most common (57%) pollination syndrome followed by non-specialized and ornithophily...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Altitude; Humidity; Melittophily; Plant community; Topology; Water availability; Zoochory.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000100027

Trade-off between reservoir yield and evaporation losses as a function of lake morphology in semi-arid Brazil
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Campos,José N.B.; Lima Neto,Iran E.; Studart,Ticiana M.C.; Nascimento,Luiz S.V.
This study investigates the relationships between yield and evaporation as a function of lake morphology in semi-arid Brazil. First, a new methodology was proposed to classify the morphology of 40 reservoirs in the Ceará State, with storage capacities ranging from approximately 5 to 4500 hm3. Then, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to study the effect of reservoir morphology (including real and simplified conical forms) on the water storage process at different reliability levels. The reservoirs were categorized as convex (60.0%), slightly convex (27.5%) or linear (12.5%). When the conical approximation was used instead of the real lake form, a trade-off occurred between reservoir yield and evaporation losses, with different trends for the convex,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Evaporation losses; Hydrological modeling; Lake morphology; Reservoir yield; Semi-arid regions; Water availability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000301113