Consulta: subjectFacets:"Innovation"
Registros recuperados: 197
Data/hora: 02/06/2024 19:02:51

Factores que influyen en la probabilidad de adopción tecnológica en unidades de producción de lechería familiar en Guanajuato, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Vélez Izquierdo, Alejandra.
Con el objetivo de conocer los factores que influyen en la probabilidad de adopción de tecnologías en unidades de producción de lechería familiar en Guanajuato que participaron en un programa de asistencia técnica y capacitación, se integró información de 248 productores que participaron en el Programa Soporte de SAGARPA en el período 2010-2011, se calculo un Índice de Adopción de Tecnologías, con el cual se clasificaron a los productores por nivel tecnológico y analizaron con la prueba “t” de Student y Chi-cuadrada. Para la probabilidad de influencia de factores en la adopción de tecnología se utilizo un modelo Logit y se estimaron efectos marginales. Los productores se clasificaron en nivel tecnológico bajo (10%), nivel medio (37%) y nivel alto (53%)....
Palavras-chave: Innovación; Modelo Logit; Efectos marginales; Indice de adopción; Innovation; Logit model; Effects marginal; Adoption index; Economía; Doctorado.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1847

Esquema de acceso al financiamiento en la red de innovación asteca-maíz. Caso: Región Norte del Estado de Guerrero.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Bertrand Martínez, Tonatiuh.
Una situación de las familias rurales del Estado de Guerrero es su déficit promedio de 631 kg/año de maíz para consumo. Dada la importancia de este grano para las familias, se implementó en el 2007 la Red de Innovación ASTECA-MAÍZ en municipios de alta y muy alta marginación para mejorar el rendimiento en la producción de maíz a través de innovaciones. Se ha logrado incrementar el rendimiento promedio en 730.09 kg/ha al pasar de 3,465.3 kg/ha de las parcela testigo a 4,196.09 kg/ha en las Parcelas de Innovación. Las innovaciones se están adoptando, sin embargo, hay un alto porcentaje de productores con rendimientos promedio de 2,600 kg/ha que al querer innovar tienen la limitante de falta de recursos económicos. Se propone un Esquema de Acceso al...
Palavras-chave: Maíz; Innovación; Financiamiento; Corn; Innovation; Financing; Economía; Doctorado.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/595

Making Sure you Solve the Right Problem
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Cartledge, Kim; School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University; Kim.Cartledge@newcastle.ac.uk; Hernandez Jimenez, Veronica; School of Agronomy, Polytechnic University of Madrid; veronica.hernandez.jimenez@upm.es; Winder, Nick P.; School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University; Nick.Winder@ncl.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Response
Palavras-chave: Epiphany; Innovation; Integrative research; Science&amp;#8211; Policy interface.
Ano: 2009

How game changers catalyzed, disrupted, and incentivized social innovation: three historical cases of nature conservation, assimilation, and women&amp;#8217;s rights
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Westley, Frances R.; Waterloo Institute for Social Innovation and Resilience, University of Waterloo; School for Environment, Enterprise and Development, University of Waterloo; fwestley@uwaterloo.ca; McGowan, Katharine A.; Bissett School of Business, Mount Royal College, Calgary, Alberta; kmcgowan@mtroyal.ca; Antadze, Nino; Department of Environmental Studies, Bucknell University; na011@bucknell.edu; Blacklock, Jaclyn; University of Waterloo; jblacklo@uwaterloo.ca; Tjornbo, Ola; Waterloo Institute for Social Innovation and Resilience, University of Waterloo; ola.tjornbo@gmail.com.
We explore the impact of &amp;#8220;game changers&amp;#8221; on the dynamics of innovation over time in three problem domains,  that of wilderness protection, women&amp;#8217;s rights, and assimilation of indigenous children in Canada. Taking a specifically historical and cross-scale approach, we look at one social innovation in each problem domain.  We explore the origins and history of the development of the National Parks in the USA, the legalization of contraception in the USA and Canada, and the residential school system in Canada.  Based on a comparison of these cases, we identify three kinds of game changers, those that catalyze social innovation, which we define as &amp;#8220;seminal,&amp;#8221; those that disrupt the continuity of social...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Game changers; Innovation; North America; Social innovation; Transformative change.
Ano: 2016

Integrating Citizens in Adaptive Management: A Propositional Analysis
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Shindler, Bruce; Oregon State University; bruce.shindler@orst.edu; Aldred Cheek, Kristin; University of Montana; cheekK@forestry.umt.edu.
Lee has advocated for the use of civic science in the implementation of adaptive management experiments, noting that people and political processes are central features of adaptive approaches to land management. This paper explores the growing relationship between the public and forest management agencies, and uses a propositional analysis to guide methods for integrating citizens into adaptive management situations. Important characteristics are organized and discussed in six thematic areas. Citizen-agency interactions are more effective when (1) they are open and inclusive, (2) they are built on skilled leadership and interactive forums, (3) they include innovative and flexible methods, (4) involvement is early and continuous, (5) efforts result in...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Citizen-agency interactions; Civic science; Flexibility; Forest management; Inclusion; Innovation; Propositional analysis; Public involvement.
Ano: 1999

Novelty, Adaptive Capacity, and Resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Allen, Craig R; U.S. Geological Survey, Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; allencr@unl.edu; Holling, C. S.; Department of Zoology, University of Florida; holling@zoo.ufl.edu.
We present a conceptual framework that explores some of the forces creating innovation and novelty in complex systems. Understanding the sources of variability and novelty may help us better understand complex systems. Understanding complex phenomena such as invasions, migration, and nomadism may provide insight into the structure of ecosystems and other complex systems, and aid our attempts to cope with and mitigate these phenomena, in the case of invasions, and better understand and or predict them. Our model is broadly applicable to ecological theory, including community ecology, resilience, restoration, and policy. Characterizing the link between landscape change and the composition of species communities may help policymakers in their decision-making...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Cross-scale; Extinction; Innovation; Invasion; Speciation.
Ano: 2010

Sustainability transformations: a resilience perspective
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Olsson, Per; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; per.olsson@stockholmresilience.su.se; Galaz, Victor; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; victor.galaz@stockholmresilience.su.se; Boonstra, Wiebren J; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; wijnand.boonstra@stockholmresilience.su.se.
Scholars and policy makers are becoming increasingly interested in the processes that lead to transformations toward sustainability. We explored how resilience thinking, and a stronger focus on social-ecological systems, can contribute to existing studies of sustainability transformations. First, we responded to two major points of critique: the claim that resilience theory is not useful for addressing sustainability transformations, and that the role of &amp;#8220;power&amp;#8221; in transformation processes has been underplayed by resilience scholars. Second, we highlighted promising work that combines insights from different theoretical strands, a strategy that strengthens our understanding of sustainability transformations. We elaborated three research...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Agency; Innovation; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Sustainability transformation.
Ano: 2014

Innovation and Metastability: a Systems Model
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Winder, Nick; Newcastle University; Nick.Winder@ncl.ac.uk.
The culture trap is the tendency to put cultural markers and habits above the demands of reason or compassion. It can reduce receptivity to new ideas and trigger Phoenix Cycles of catastrophe and renaissance. System research is then complicated by the historiographic problem of continuity and change, because there are no objective criteria for deciding whether "the system" survived or was destroyed by the catastrophe. This paper explores the differences between uncertainty emergence and self-organizing emergence using the concept of a "possibility space" to clarify the relationship between anti-causal events and causal states, i.e., the meso-history of conjuncture. Conjunctures are interpreted ex post in the context of deep time. The paper distinguishes...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptive potential; Cultural ecodynamics; Complex adaptive systems; Innovation; Metastability; Resilience.
Ano: 2007

Geo-engineering, Governance, and Social-Ecological Systems: Critical Issues and Joint Research Needs
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Galaz, Victor; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; victor.galaz@stockholmresilience.su.se.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article
Palavras-chave: Earth stewardship; Geo-engineering; Global environmental governance; Innovation; Planetary boundaries; Resilience thinking.
Ano: 2012

Innovation, Cooperation, and the Perceived Benefits and Costs of Sustainable Agriculture Practices
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Lubell, Mark ; UC Davis; mnlubell@ucdavis.edu; Hillis, Vicken; UC Davis; avhillis@ucdavis.edu; Hoffman, Matthew; UC Davis; mbhoffman@ucdavis.edu.
A central goal of most sustainable agriculture programs is to encourage growers to adopt practices that jointly provide economic, environmental, and social benefits. Using surveys of outreach professionals and wine grape growers, we quantify the perceived costs and benefits of sustainable viticulture practices recommended by sustainability outreach and certification programs.  We argue that the mix of environmental benefits, economic benefits, and economic costs determine whether or not a particular practice involves decisions about innovation or cooperation.  Decision making is also affected by the overall level of knowledge regarding different practices, and we show that knowledge gaps are an increasing function of cost and a decreasing function of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Cooperation; Innovation; Knowledge networks; Resilience; Sustainability; Sustainable agriculture.
Ano: 2011

Empirical Accounting of Adaptation to Environmental Change: Organizational Competencies and Biodiversity in  Finnish Forest Management
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Primmer, Eeva; Finnish Environment Institute; eeva.primmer@ymparisto.fi; Wolf, Steven A; Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; saw44@cornell.edu.
Integration of biodiversity conservation into economic utilization of natural resources has become a central response to the challenges of sustainable development. However, the resources and competencies required to implement such an integrated strategy at the level of the individual, the organization, and the sector are not known. To address this knowledge gap, we have developed an approach to analyze responses of organizations to environmental change and evolving social demands for biodiversity conservation. We analyze the scale, scope, and distribution of the resources and competencies that support the delineation of ecologically significant habitats in intensively managed nonindustrial private forests in Finland, an important international actor in the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Competency; Organization; Innovation; Nonindustrial private forestry; Biodiversity conservation; Habitat delineation; Resource-based view; Institutions; Finland.
Ano: 2009

Toward an Integrative Perspective on Social Learning in System Innovation Initiatives
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Beers, Pieter J.; Dutch Research Institute for Transitions, Erasmus University Rotterdam; Knowledge, Technology &amp; Innovation, Wageningen University; beers@drift.eur.nl; Mierlo, Barbara van; Knowledge, Technology &amp; Innovation, Wageningen University; barbara.vanmierlo@wur.nl; Hoes, Anne-Charlotte; Knowledge, Technology &amp; Innovation, Wageningen University; LEI Wageningen UR; anne-charlotte.hoes@wur.nl.
Sustainability transitions go hand in hand with learning. Theories in the realm of sustainability sciences mostly concentrate on diversity and learning outcomes, whereas theories from the educational sciences mostly focus on learning as an interactive process. In this contribution, we aim to benefit from an integration of these perspectives in order to better understand how different interaction patterns contribute to learning. We studied STAP, an innovation initiative of Dutch greenhouse growers. The Dutch greenhouse sector is predominantly focused on production and efficiency, which causes problems for its future viability. STAP aimed to make the sector more market-oriented while at the same time increasing its societal acceptability (societally...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse growers; Innovation; Interaction patterns; Social learning; Sustainability transitions.
Ano: 2016

Prospecção tecnológica: importância, métodos e experiências da Embrapa Cerrados.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TEIXEIRA, L. P.
bitstream/item/100348/1/doc-317.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Prospecção tecnológica; Conhecimento tecnológico; Innovation; Technological prospection; Technological management.; Planejamento Estratégico.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/981247

Transferência de tecnologia, agricultura familiar e desenvolvimento local: a experiência do Projeto Silvânia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ZOBY, J. L. F.; XAVIER, J. H. V.; GASTAL, M. L.
ABSTRACT: The rural development has been associated to the modernization of the agriculture by the use or incorporation of new technologies to the productive process. However, it cannot just be faced as fruit of technological change, because the own adoption of technologies is dependent of external factors to the rural establishments. This work discusses the methodology used in the Project "The utilization of R&amp;D approach for the development of the small agriculture in the area of Silvânia-GO", usually known as "Projeto Silvânia". The R&amp;D approach can be defined as the experimentation in real scale and in collaboration with the farmers for the improvements technical, economical and social of the production systems and of the modalities of...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Produtor rural; Organização; Projeto Silvânia; Innovation; Diagnosis.; Adoção de Inovações; Agricultura Familiar; Análise de Dados; Desenvolvimento Rural; Diagnostico; Inovação; Pequeno Produtor; Transferência de Tecnologia.; Sistema de Produção; Farmers; Data analysis; Family farms; Farming systems; Innovation adoption; Small farms; Rural development; Technology transfer.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/559742

Avaliação e valoração de novas tecnologias: conceitos e diretrizes básicas para o caso das oportunidades de investimento da Rede Passitec.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TEIXEIRA, L. P.; MELO, R. A. de C. e; SILVA, S. A. da.
bitstream/item/77783/1/doc-287.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Prospecção; Embrapa Cerrados; Rede Passitec; Technology business; Innovation; Strategic planning.; Economia; Inovação; Pesquisa; Transferência de Tecnologia.; Research; Technology transfer.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/896423

Proposta metodologica de transferencia de tecnologia para promover o desenvolvimento.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GASTAL, M. L.; ZOBY, J. L. F.; PANIAGO JUNIOR, E.; MARZIN, J.; XAVIER, J. H. V.; SOUZA, G. L. C. de; PEREIRA, E. A.; KALMS, J. M.; BONNAL, P.
bitstream/item/101486/1/doc-51.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Transferencia; Metodologia; Desenvolvimento; Agropecuária; Brasil; Brasília; Development; Innovation; Inovação tecnológica; Methods; Planaltina; Transference.; Agricultura; Desenvolvimento Rural; Extensão Rural; Método; Pesquisa; Transferência de Tecnologia.; Tecnologia; Agriculture; Research; Methodology; Rural development; Technology; Technology transfer.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/549462

Experience reports = Relatos de experiências = Informes de experiencia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN NETWORK FOR RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENTS, 1., 2022, Nova Friburgo.
Technical editors: Mauro Sérgio Vianello Pinto, Maria de Lourdes Mendes de Souza, Claudia Regina Delaia Machado, Renato Linhares de Assis, Luis Felipe Cesar, Rachel Bardy Prado, Monica Alves Amorim Adriana Maria de Aquino. Titles and texts in english, portuguese and spanish. I Encontro Internacional da Rede Latino-americana e Caribenha de Pesquisa e Inovação em Ambientes de Montanha. I Encuentro Internacional de la Red Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Investigación y Innovación en Ambientes de Montaña. ODS.
Tipo: Anais e Proceedings de eventos
Palavras-chave: Montanha; Innovation; Ecossistema; Inovação; Mountains; Ecosystems.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1144875

Innovative behaviour in fish: Atlantic cod can learn to use an external tag to manipulate a self-feeder
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Millot, Sandie; Nilsson, Jonatan; Fosseidengen, Jan Erik; Begout, Marie-laure; Ferno, Anders; Braithwaite, Victoria A.; Kristiansen, Tore S.
This study describes how three individual fish, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), developed a novel behaviour and learnt to use a dorsally attached external tag to activate a self-feeder. This behaviour was repeated up to several hundred times, and over time these fish fine-tuned the behaviour and made a series of goal-directed coordinated movements needed to attach the feeder’s pull string to the tag and stretch the string until the feeder was activated. These observations demonstrate a capacity in cod to develop a novel behaviour utilizing an attached tag as a tool to achieve a goal. This may be seen as one of the very few observed examples of innovation and tool use in fish.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Learning; Cognitive ability; Tool use; Atlantic cod; Food acquisition.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28217/26513.pdf

Retour sur deux projets de développement en aquaculture outre-mer : leçons pour l’avenir
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lacroix, Denis.
Lessons for the future from two development projects in aquaculture in the French overseas territories. Numerous research and development projects have been launched since the seventies in the French overseas territories. Their aim was to foster new activities in agriculture based on local productions for local markets, notably in the French West Indies (FWI). In this paper we analyze two development projects on the rearing of giant freshwater prawn, one in the FWI and the other in French Guyana, over twenty years after their launching. The purpose of these compared studies is twofold: first to try to understand why a set of relevant technical innovations ended in failure 15 years later; second to identify recommendations in terms of methodology in order...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Développement durable; Gouvernance; Aquaculture; Innovation; Acceptabilité sociale; Sustainable development; Governance; Aquaculture; Innovation; Social acceptability.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00187/29784/28242.pdf

Le développement durable : un défi pour l'aquaculture marine en Méditerranée
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rey Valette, H; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Rene, Francois; Lazard, J; Syndhia, M; Chia, E.
Mediterranean aquaculture production has increased extensively over the past 10 years (25% per year) and now constitutes a credible alternative to fishing. It now has to take the concepts of sustainability into account, placing it in a very challenging and competitive context. The current question is to know whether aquaculture companies can face up to this challenge and what the consequences will be. in order to answer this question, several surveys were carried out in the Mediterranean. They aimed at i) establishing a typology of companies based on their developmental logic, management practices and constraints; and ii) collecting information on the main stakeholders' feelings about sustainable development. These studies confirm that while such companies...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sustainable development; Mediterranean region; Innovation; Coastal area; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-4764.pdf

Inland aquaculture of carps in Poland: Between tradition and innovation
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Raftowicz, Magdalena; Le Gallic, Bertrand.
This paper examines how the traditional carp sector in Poland developed during the recent period, paying a particular attention to the different forms of innovations that have been implemented. Mostly based on first-hand, face-to-face interviews, the paper shows that despite the fact that aquaculture of carp is still characterised by strong traditional and cultural features, different categories of economic agents along the value-chain engaged in various kinds of technical, market and institutional innovations. These innovative strategies could be further replicated and developed through collaborative process, where policy makers have a potential role to play. The research results showed the existence of huge potential for innovation in traditional carp...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Value-chain; Competitiveness; Carp; Aquaculture; Expert interviews.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00590/70188/68205.pdf

Stratégies d'approvisionnement et d'innovation des entreprises de transformation des produits de la mer
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Roux, Johann.
The seafood processing industry  (SPI) is based on a natural renewable and common resource, these properties are different from those of agricultural resource. Can this distinction called in question the transposition of the model of development of the food processing industry to the SPI ? More precisely, can this distinction created differences concerning supply and innovation strategies between the two industries? To treat the problem, we join together two fields of investigation generally treated in a disjoined way : fishery economy and industrial organisation.  We used a bio-economic model to analyse the incidence of the common-property of living marine resources. It shows some particularities on tree way : the expansion of the market, the supply...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sea food processing industry; Agrofood industry; Sea food products; Supply; Innovation; Industrial organisation; Industrie halio alimentaire; Industrie agroalimentaire; Produits de la mer; Approvisionnement; Innovation; Economie industrielle.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-262.pdf

Non-adaptive speciation of snails by left-right reversal is facilitated on oceanic islands
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Hoso, M.
The nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution predicts that small population size is essential for non-adaptive evolution. Evolution of whole-body left-right reversal in snails is generally a compelling example of non-adaptive speciation, because variants with reversed chirality would suffer from reduced mating opportunities within a population. Despite this reproductive disadvantage, sinistral snail species have repeatedly originated from dextral ancestors in terrestrial pulmonates. Here I show that snail speciation by reversal has been accelerated on oceanic islands. Analysing the global biogeography of 995 genera across 84 stylommatophoran families, I found that the proportion of sinistral snail genera was enhanced in genera endemic to oceanic...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Adaptive radiation; Evolutionary novelty; Innovation; Island area; Origin of species; 42.21.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/419171

TEACHING NOTE FOR CASE STUDY: “STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING UNDER UNCERTAINTY: INNOVATION AND NEW PRODUCT INTRODUCTION DURING VOLATILE TIMES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roucan-Kane,   Maud; Boehlje,   Michael.
This teaching note accompanies the case study titled “Strategic Decision Making under Uncertainty: Innovation and New Product Introduction during Volatile Times” published under the reference: Boehlje, M. And M. Roucan-Kane, ”Strategic Decision Making under Uncertainty: Innovation and New Product Introduction during Volatile Times”, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 12 (4), 2009. This case study outlines the strategic, marketing, and organizational issues facing the farm machinery and equipment division of Deere and Company as it is considering the development of products in the information domain, which encompasses many opportunities of disruptive innovations to market to new or underserved customers. While these disruptive...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Teaching note; Uncertainty; Innovation; Real options; Portfolio; Agribusiness; D81.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54372

Patents and Other Intellectual Property Rights
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moschini,   GianCarlo.
This article reviews intellectual property rights (IPRs), with some emphasis on the protection of agricultural and life sciences innovations. The main institutional features of IPRs are first discussed, along with a brief historical background and an articulation of the main rationale for the existence of such rights. This is followed by an overview of the principal economic issues related to IPRs. The main benefit/cost trade-offs of allowing patents and other IPRs are explained, and specific issues are then analyzed in some depth, including the scope of patent protection, the effects of patent races, and the problems arising when IPRs concern cumulative and/or complementary innovations. The economics of IPRs are further illustrated by considering...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Efficiency; Incentives; Innovation; Invention; Market failure; Monopoly; Property rights; Public good; Second best; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18466

Measuring Agricultural Innovation System Properties and Performance: Illustrations from Ethiopia and Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.; Kelemework,   Dawit.
Agriculture; developing countries; innovation; Ethiopia; Vietnam
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Developing countries; Innovation; Ethiopia; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O13; O32; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50791

THE IMPACT OF REGULATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PRODUCTS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Menrad,   Klaus; Blind,   Knut.
Paper prepared for presentation at the 8th ICABR International Conference on Agricultural Biotechnology: International Trade and Domestic Production Ravello (Italy), July 8 to 11th, 2004
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food industry; Regulation; Innovation; Biotechnology; Organic food; Functional Food; European Union; United States; Industrial Organization; L5; L66; O32.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91013

Intellectual Property Rights and South-North Formation of Global Innovation Networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Comune,   Maria; Naghavi,   Alireza; Prarolo,   Giovanni.
Current version uploaded April 2013.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intellectual property rights; Information Communication Technology (ICT); Innovation; Foreign patenting; R&amp;D linkages; Southern innovation; International Relations/Trade; F2; O1; O3.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115816

Linking Reduced Deforestation and a Global Carbon Market: Impacts on Costs, Financial Flows, and Technological Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bosetti,   Valentina; Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Golub,   Alexander; Markandya,   Anil.
Discussions over tropical deforestation are currently at the forefront of climate change policy negotiations at national, regional, and international levels.  This paper analyzes the effects of linking Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) to a global market for greenhouse gas emission reductions.  We supplement a global climate-energy-economy model with alternative cost estimates for reducing deforestation emissions in order to examine a global program for stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations at 550 ppmv of CO2 equivalent.  Introducing REDD reduces global forestry emissions through 2050 by 20-22% in the Brazil-only case and by 64-88% in the global REDD scenarios.  At the same time, REDD lowers the total costs of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon market; Climate change; Innovation; Mitigation; Policy costs; Offsets; Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD); Technological change; Tropical deforestation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q24; Q42; Q52; Q54; Q55.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52544

Crisis as a catalyst: the role of Schumpeterian innovation in the Lithuanian economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Giedraitis,   Vincentas Rolandas; Rasteniene,   Ausra.
What circumstances allow businesses to flourish in a stagnant world economy? We ask that question in our discussion of the uniquely favorable circumstances of the biotechnology sector in Lithuania. The purpose of this paper is to analyze Lithuania’s ability to expand its economy during a time of crisis, focusing on its unique ability to innovate in such sectors as biotechnology.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Schumpeter; Innovation; Kondratiev wave; Biotechnology; Business cluster theory; Financial Economics; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94527

Estimating Future Consumer Welfare Gains from Innovation: The Case of Digital Data Storage
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Austin,   David H.; MacAuley,   Molly K.
We develop a quality-adjusted cost index to estimate expected returns to investments in new technologies. The index addresses the problem of measuring social benefits from innovations in service sector inputs, where real output is not directly observable. We forecast welfare gains from two U.S. Advanced Technology Program innovations equaling 25%-50% of expected price, and aggregate consumer benefits of $1-$2 billion, relative to trends in existing technologies. Our model's probabilistic parameters reflect uncertainty about prospective outcomes and in our hedonic estimates of shadow values for selected product attributes. The index can be readily adopted by research and development (R&amp;D) managers in industry and government.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Quality-adjusted cost index; Consumer surplus; Innovation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O32; H43; D60.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10814

Assessing the impact of different rural development policy design options on the adoption of innovation across five case studies in EU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bartolini,   Fabio; Floridi,   Matteo; Latruffe,   Laure; Majewski,   Edward; Nikolov,   Dimitre; Polman,   Nico B.P.; Viaggi,   Davide.
Innovation and new technology adoption represent two central elements for the enterprise and industry development process in agriculture. The objective of the paper is to provide an ex-ante analysis of the effectiveness of alternative policy design options concerning the RDP measures intended to provide incentives for investment/innovation adoption in five case study areas across Europe. The model implemented is based on a real option approach that includes investment irreversibility and stochasticity in SFP. The results show the relevance of uncertainty in determining the timing of adoption and emphasise the importance of predictability as a major component of policy design.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Real options; Innovation; Rural development policy; Single farm payments; Uncertainty; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94907

Applying a Sectoral System of Innovation (SSI) Approach to the Australian Red Meat Industry with Implications for Improving Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Australian Agrifood Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pitt,   Christine; Nelle,   Susan.
This paper describes an action research study conducted over four years (2002-2006) in the Australian red meat industry. The study aimed to extend the body of knowledge on innovation and entrepreneurship. It also sought to explore options for improving practice through interventions that would accelerate the development of innovation culture and capabilities. A conceptual framework was developed leading to a new Systems Innovation Intervention Framework. The framework was subsequently implemented via 30 individual pilots. The outcomes of the research study were tested for relevance more broadly within the Australian food industry and high levels of acceptance were reported.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Sectoral innovation systems; Innovation system failures; Intervention strategies; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q10; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53734

Leadership Cycles
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Denicolo,   Vincenzo; Zanchettin,   Piercarlo.
We study a quality-ladder model of endogenous growth that produces stochastic leadership cycles. Over a cycle, industry leaders can innovate several successive times in the same industry, gradually increasing the magnitude of their technological lead before being replaced by a new entrant. Initially, new leaders are eager to enlarge their lead and do much of the research, but if they innovate repeatedly, their propensity to invest in R&amp;D decreases. Eventually they stop doing research altogether, and as they are overtaken a new cycle starts. The model generates a skewed firm size distribution and a deviation from Gibrat’s law that accord with the empirical evidence. We also consider various policy measures, showing that in some cases policy should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technological Lead; Innovation; R&amp;D; Financial Economics; O32; O4.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60683

General problems related to innovation and its potential in the Hungarian agro-food sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Husti,   Istvan.
This paper stresses that innovation in Hungary leaves something to be desired, and a perpetual lack of innovation also applies to the agro-food sector which, of course, consequently weakens the nation’s general competitiveness. The 2007-2013 period and the subsequent resources provided by the EU present new challenges. It is not overstating the case to say that if Hungary is not able to capitalize on this period, then it will face competitive disadvantages capable of placing Hungarian agriculture in a critical situation. To avoid this, the conditions for innovation and innovation performance must be improved. The system of innovation in the Hungarian agro-food sector does not lend itself to the application of the model constructed on R+D. Therefore, it...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agro-food sector’s innovation; Agricultural innovation; Innovation models; Adaptive innovation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Labor and Human Capital; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49189

Innovation and environmental awareness based on the example of the Voestalpine Group: THE SECRETS OF SUCCESSFUL CORPORATE MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Merai,   Gyorgyi; Szucs,   Csaba; Marsalek,   Sandor.
One of the main characteristics of market economies is market competition where companies have to deliver and achieve the best possible results amid continuous challenges. It is always worth learning from the best performers. The voestalpine Group is a market leader steel producing company and a world market leader in a variety of segments.  It is characterised by advanced innovation in the fields of engineering, energy management and the protection of the environment, for which it has already earned international recognition and awards. We have made an effort to collect the factors in innovation, research, human resources management, and the protection of the environment that enabled voestalpine Group to achieve outstanding economic success. The...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Research; Human resources; Corporate management; Code of conduct; Protection of the environment; Innováció; Kutatás; Humán erőforrás; Vállalatvezetés; Magatartáskódex; Környezetvédelem; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99215

Is Monsanto Leaving Money on the Table? Monopoly Pricing and Bt Cotton Value with Heterogeneous Adopters
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oehmke,   James F.; Wolf,   Christopher A.
We examine the allocation of technology rents between a price-setting, innovating monopolist and heterogeneous technology adopters.  A model of monopoly pricing in the presence of heterogeneous adopters is used to examine conditions under which greater producer (farmer) heterogeneity leads to greater producer benefit from innovation in non-competitive markets.  An application to Bt cotton determines the profit-maximizing price of Bt cotton seed and reveals that Monsanto and Delta and Pine Land are indeed leaving money on the table in the form of unexploited profit opportunities.  However, we estimate that the presence of heterogeneous adopters explains over 80% of the rents that accrue to the farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Bt cotton; Heterogeneous adopters; Innovation; Monopoly pricing; Technology; Valuation distribution; L1; O3; Q1.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43469

Innovation Systems: Implications for agricultural policy and practice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hall,   Andrew; Mytelka,   Lynn; Oyeyinka,   Banji.
Farmers and businesses need to adapt constantly if they are to survive and compete in the rapidly evolving environment associated with the contemporary agricultural sector. Rethinking agricultural research as part of a dynamic system of innovation could help to design ways of creating and sustaining conditions that will support the process of adaptation and innovation. This approach involves developing the working styles and practices of individuals and organizations and the incentives, support structures and policy environments that encourage innovation. Previous efforts to support agricultural sector innovation largely targeted agricultural policy and research organizations. The systems approach recognizes that innovation takes place through the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Systems; Agricultural Research; Adaptation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52512

A Quality-Adjusted Cost Index for Estimating Future Consumer Surplus from Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Austin,   David H.; MacAuley,   Molly K.
This paper describes a model for estimating, in a probabilistic framework, expected future consumer surplus from planned new product innovations. The model has been applied to estimations of taxpayer benefits from NASA's New Millenium Program (NMP), which develops new technologies for space science, and to the digital data storage technologies being supported by the Department of Commerce's Advanced Technology Program (ATP). The model uses cost index methods based on consumers' estimated marginal valuation for quality improvements in the technology. Probabilistic values for performance increases are taken from the innovators' own expectations. The analysis reveals the sensitivity of welfare increases to these values, which are assumed to be biased upward....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Quality-adjusted cost index; Consumer surplus; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; O32; H43; D60.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10655

Uma análise da inovação na agroindústria no Brasil
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conceicao,   Junia Cristina Peres Rodrigues Da; Almeida,   Mansueto F. de.
This paper seeks to identify the major factors behind the innovation process of firms in the food and beverage sector. On the microeconomic incentives to innovate, our results show that larger firms, higher schooling and higher R&amp;D expenditures increase the probability that firms will innovate. In addition, our results show that innovation is essential for food and beverage firms to meet the domestic demand, including the upper segment of the consumer market and also the bottom one. At last, our results indicate that the domestic consumer was a key factor behind food and beverage firms’ incentives to innovate in the 1998-2000 period.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agro industry; Innovation; Brazil; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55312

The Circulation of Ideas in Firms and Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hellman,   Thomas; Enrico,   Perotti.
Novel early stage ideas face uncertainty on the expertise needed to elaborate them, which creates a need to circulate them widely to find a match. Yet as information is not excludable, shared ideas may be stolen, reducing incentives to innovate. Still, in idea-rich environments inventors may share them without contractual protection. Idea density is enhanced by firms ensuring rewards to inventors, while their legal boundaries limit idea leakage. As firms limit idea circulation, the innovative environment involves a symbiotic interaction: firms incubate ideas and allow employees to leave if they cannot find an internal fit; markets allow for wide circulation of ideas until matched and completed; under certain circumstances ideas may be even developed in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ideas; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Firm Organization; Start-Ups; Industrial Organization; D83; L22; M13; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60751

Utilization-focused evaluation for agricultural innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patton,   Michael Quinn; Horton,   Douglas.
Utilization-focused evaluation (UFE) is based on the principle that an evaluation should be judged by its utility. So no matter how technically sound and methodologically elegant, an evaluation is not truly a good evaluation unless the findings are used. UFE is a framework for enhancing the likelihood that evaluation findings will be used and lessons will be learnt from the evaluation process. This Brief, based on the book Utilization-focused evaluation, introduces this approach to evaluation, outlines key steps in the evaluation process, identifies some of the main benefits of UFE, and provides two examples of UFE in the context of programmes aimed at promoting agricultural innovation.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Utilization; UFE; Innovation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52533

The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Program: An experiment in mainstreaming institutional learning and change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acosta,   Anne Starks; Jones,   Monty; von Kaufmann,   Ralph.
The Sub-Saharan Africa Challenge Program (SSA CP) shows how the principles of institutional learning and change (ILAC) can be applied. This Brief outlines the basic components of the SSA CP and highlights various ILAC features of the Program. These include an innovation systems orientation; an approach to ‘thinking globally and acting locally’; the location of research within a broader context of policy, market and institutional change; and an emphasis on collaboration and learning among program participants and with other agencies involved in agricultural research and development in Africa.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: SSA; Innovation; Systems; Challenge program; CGIAR; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52518

Engaging Scientists Through Institutional Histories
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shambu Prasad,   C; Hall,   Andrew; Thummuru,   Laxmi.
An institutional history is a narrative that records key points about how institutional arrangements – new ways of working – evolve over time creating more effective ways to achieve goals. It can be used to document institutional innovations in projects and to highlight barriers to change. An institutional history draws out and synthesizes lessons for research organizations and partners as well as for others in similar circumstances.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Institutional; History; Research; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52523

The LEADER programme 2007-2013: refocusing towards agriculture-oriented activities as a consequence of ‘mainstreaming’ innovative rural action in Austria
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Oedl-Wieser,   Theresia; Strahl,   Wibke; Dax,   Thomas.
Since the on-going funding period 2007-2013 the former European Community Initiative Leader has become a constituent part of Rural Development Policies. Above all the mainstreaming of Leader into the Rural Development Programme (RDP) as axis 4 has both significantly changed the level of funding and the way in which Leader is executed in comparison with the previous period (2000-2006). This paper discusses the impact and consequences of this mainstreaming process by the Austrian example, mainly because there are clearly concerns that the EU-wide successful Leader formula of bottom-up rural development will be replaced by a pronounced top-down approach in the new programme.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Leader mainstreaming; Rural development policy; Area-based local strategies; Innovation; Multi-sectoral activities; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R58; R59.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94622

Environmental Regulations, Market Structure and Technological Progress in Renewable Energy Technology — A Panel Data Study on Wind Turbines
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rubbelke,   Dirk T.G.; Weiss,   Pia.
We study the impact of environmental regulations on the patent activities for wind turbines between 1980 and 2008. We explicitly control for energy market liberalisation and take a potential interaction between liberalisation and policy instruments into account. We find a strong and highly significant effect of environmental tax revenues, which we regard as a proxy for the extent to which energy prices changed in favour of renewable energies, as well as foreign demand for wind turbines on innovation activities. In addition, we find that price-based policy instruments are more effective in fostering innovations in the wind turbine technology when energy markets are fully open to competition. In contrast, non-price-based policy instruments such as grants or...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Policy; Renewable Energy; Market Structure; Wind Turbines; Innovation; Patents; Technological Change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q55; Q58; O34; O38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102569

Evaluating the genetic progress of wheat in NSW, 1992-2009
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Redmond,   Thomas; Nolan,   Elizabeth; Martin,   Peter J.
Intellectual Property Regimes (IPRs) have been justified on the basis that they promote innovation, but it is not always clear that they do so. Empirical studies of IPRs in an Australian context have been limited. Plant variety protection is one form of IPR. The passing of the Australian Plant Breeder’s Rights Act of 1994 has been followed by significant commercialisation of the wheat breeding industry. The purpose of this paper is to consider whether this commercialisation has benefited wheat productivity through varietal improvement. We estimate a linear crop production function, using a random effects Hausman Taylor estimator to evaluate differences in genetic contributions to productivity between public and private wheat varieties commercially released...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetic change; Technical change; Innovation; Wheat breeding; Intellectual property; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100702

The place of technology transfer processes in the system of methods for researching the area of Science -Technology-Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wisniewska,   Joanna.
The growing importance and scope of technology transfer processes undertaken all over the world settles the question of the necessity for their proper identification. The multi-aspect character and complexity of these phenomena create specific problems in conducting analytic work. Although technology transfer is an element of the Science-Technology-Innovation (STI) system, it does not have a proper place in the existing methodology system of this area. The aim of this article is to point out the necessity to create a proper, complex and comprehensive methodology for researching technology transfer processes, which would contribute to better understanding of the processes themselves and at the same time enable their proper development.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Science; Technology; Innovation; Technology transfer; Methodology; Research.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O33.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94612

Market Structure and Environmental Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Montero,   Juan-Pablo.
This paper studies firms’ incentives to invest in environmental R&amp;D under different market structures (Cournot and Bertrand) and environmental policy instruments (emission standards, taxes, tradable permits and auctioned permits). Because of market strategic effects, R&amp;D incentives vary widely across market structures and instruments. For example, when firms’ products are strategic substitutes (i.e., Cournot), either emission standards, taxes or auctioned permits can provide the most incentives. But when firms’ products are strategic complements, either taxes or auctioned permits provide the most incentives. If markets are perfectly competitive, however, permits and emission standards offer similar incentives that are lower than those offered by...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Regulation; Market structure; Innovation; Marketing; Environmental Economics and Policy; L13; L50; Q28.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44294

Innovation, Integration and Product Proliferation - Empirical Evidence for the Agri-Food Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karantininis,   Kostas; Sauer,   Johannes; Furtan,   William Hartley.
While mergers, both horizontal and vertical, have been shaping the landscape of the agri-food industry in Europe, the implications of the changing market structure on the level of innovation has not been studied yet. In this paper we deal with the link between innovation and market structure using the empirical example of the Danish agri-food industry. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First we test for the importance of vertical integration on innovation. While there exist several studies on this linkage, to our knowledge, this is the first that deals with the agri-food industry. Secondly, we examine both product proliferation and innovation. To our knowledge, there are no other similar studies that examine both aspects using the same data set. We...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Vertical Integration; Product Proliferation; Agribusiness; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6074

Evaluation of innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses in Slovak Republic
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sopkova,   Eva; Kostiviarova,   Silvia.
The aim of the presented paper is to contribute to the discussion on innovation activities of small and medium-sized businesses of the Slovak Republic and the European Union. It is based on the results of research carried out by the National Agency for the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises (NADSME), where the focus was on the innovation capacity of small and medium firms in Slovakia. And it was complemented by the results of an analysis of firms’ innovation activities in the Banská Bystrica region carried out within the project “Regional Innovation Strategy of the Banska Bystrica Region”.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Innovation activities; Small and medium-sized businesses.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94565

Patents, Spillovers, and Competition in Biotechnology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Austin,   David H.
I perform an event study on 600+ patents awarded primarily to 20 leading biotechnology firms and find significant changes in market values at the time of the awards. Adjusting for partial anticipation of events, I estimate that core technology patents in highly contested research areas are expected to generate between $13 and $21 million of economic value. They also generate spillover benefits for the patentee's rivals-presumably including knowledge transfers-valued at $3 to $6 million per firm. Awardees may appropriate only half of private benefits, although I observe negative spillovers for some high-profile awards. Most patents have no significant market impact.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Patent value; Spillover; Competition; Event study; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; G14; O31; O34; L65.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10808

Horizontal and Vertical Networks for Innovation in the Traditional Food Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gellynck,   Xavier; Kuhne,   Bianka.
The locus of innovation is not the individual firm anymore but increasingly the network in which the firm is embedded. Hence, in this paper innovation is investigated in the broader context of networks and applied to the traditional food sector. Networking refers to a process of identifying and acting on complementary interests with or without formal means of cooperation and plays an important role for the diffusion and adoption of innovations, because they increase the flow of information. Two main types of networks exist. Vertical networks relate to cooperation of partners belonging to the same chain. Meanwhile, horizontal networks refer to cooperation among firms which are primarily competitors. Data were collected during focus groups and in‐depth...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Horizontal and vertical networks; Traditional food products; Innovation; Focus groups; In‐depth interviews; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97229

An Economic Assessment of Space Solar Power as a Source of Electricity for Space-Based Activities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: MacAuley,   Molly K.; Davis,   James F.
We develop a conceptual model of the economic value of space solar power (SSP) as a source of power to in-space activities, such as spacecraft and space stations. We offer several estimates of the value based on interviews and published data, discuss technological innovations that may compete with or be complementary to SSP, and consider alternative institutional arrangements for government and the private sector to provide SSP.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Government policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; O33; O32; L98.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10794

Environmentally-Oriented Innovative Strategies and Firm Performances in Services. Micro-Evidence from Italy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cainelli,   Giulio; Mazzanti,   Massimiliano; Zoboli,   Roberto.
This paper aims at analysing the role of the environment in innovative strategies based on firm economic performance indicators such as employment, turnover, and labour productivity growth. We exploit a unique dataset of 773 Italian service firms with 20 or more employees comprising 1993-1995 CIS II data on firm innovation strategic motivations and 1995-1998 data on employment, turnover, and labour productivity from the System of the Enterprise Account (SEA). We specify a Gibrat-like empirical model in which the covariates include firm strategies (innovation and environmental), and a set of other explanatory variables and controls. Our econometric findings show a negative link between environmental motivations and growth in employment and turnover and a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Services; Firm Environmental Strategies; Firm Growth; CIS Survey; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; C23; D21; O32; Q55.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6922

ARRANJO PRODUTIVO LOCAL DO AGRONEGÓCIO LEITE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Riva,   Fabiana Rodrigues; Souza,   Dercio Bernardes de; Passos,   Rosalia Maria; Oliveira,   Marcelo Batista; Aguiar,   Iracy Soares.
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo analisar as atividades que envolvem o processo de inovação tecnológica no arranjo produtivo local do agronegócio leite em Rondônia, especificamente na região de Rolim de Moura. Em um primeiro momento, analisou-se a inovação tecnológica com base em dados secundários. Posteriormente, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo na região do município de Rolim de Moura, que faz parte do território do APL, com o intuito de investigar as atividades presentes nas relações entre as firmas do arranjo, parte importante na geração de capacidade inovativa das empresas. Verificou-se que as indústrias de laticínios da região mantêm com seus produtores rurais acordos formais e informais, em que estes concordam em trabalhar cooperativamente, e...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Arranjos Produtivos Locais; Inovação; Agronegócio Leite; Arrangements Produtivos places; Innovation; Agribusiness Milk; Agribusiness; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113967

ROLE OF INNOVATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE – INFRASTRUCTURE AND INSTITUTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nabradi,   Andras.
There is a well known saying: Research converts money into knowledge, innovation converts knowledge into money. The knowledge-based economy has four pillars: innovation, education, the economic and institutional regime, and information infrastructure. Transformation towards a knowledge-based economy will necessarily shift the proportion and growth of national income derived from knowledge-based industries, the percentage of the workforce employed in knowledge-based jobs and the ratio of firms using technology to innovate. Progress towards a knowledge-based economy will be driven by four elements: human capital development, knowledge generation and exploitation (R&amp;D), knowledge infrastructure. Increased investment in these four areas will certainly have...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Knowledge; Infrastructure; Institutions; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91123

Approaches for Selecting Product Innovation Projects in U.S. Food and Agribusiness Companies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roucan-Kane,   Maud; Gray,   Allan W.; Boehlje,   Michael.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food; Agribusiness; Innovation; Selection method; Portfolio; Functional area; Cluster analysis; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117599

THE CHOICE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING – A HUNGARIAN EXAMPLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferto,   Imre; Forgacs,   Csaba.
The organic agriculture represents a promising alternative for the future of European agriculture. It is consistent with the notion of sustainable development set forth already in the 1992 CAP Reform. Despite of increasing importance of organic farming, the research on organic farming is still limited. This scarcity of the research is especially true for New Member States of the enlarged EU. This paper investigates the choice between conventional and organic production technologies for individual farmers in Hungarian agriculture. We apply a model that explicitly accounts for the effects of farm-specific variables like age and education on the expectations farmers have on the utility of both production technologies. In addition we take into account the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57488

BENCHMARKING AS A FUNCTION OF COMPETITIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY IN BUSINESS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Babovic,   Jovan; Raicevic,   Vuk; Caric,   Marko.
Professional paper
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Benchmarking; Method of comparison; Creativity; Innovation; Competitiveness; Profit; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; M31; M14; L16.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123963

“SOCIAL AGRICULTURE”: A PATTERN BETWEEN FARM INNOVATION, SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MULTIFUNCTIONALITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Macri,   Maria Carmela; Perito,   Maria Angela.
Rural context and agricultural process are assuming growing credibility as a mean to promote well being and social inclusion in the population as a whole. Fattoria solidale del Circeo” constitutes one of the many examples of social agriculture that have risen in the recent years in Italy. Differently from the general case, it is a large farm which is moving from a conventional an intensive farming system to another model, without abandoning its entrepreneurial nature. Even if it is not easy to assign a theoretic paradigm, it could be useful both in order to understand it and to give correct instruments to policy makers. So we can try to put the Fattoria Solidale del Circeo’s experience in a theoretic context. It seems to us that at least three different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social agriculture; Innovation; Corporate Social Responsibility; Multifunctionality of Agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57403

Analysis of Farm Development in Dutch Agriculture and Horticulture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bremmer,   Johan; Oude Lansink,   Alfons G.J.M.; Olson,   Kent D.; Baltussen,   Willy H.M.; Huirne,   Ruud B.M.
This paper analysis the effects of farmer characteristics, farm structure and farm performance on farm renewal and farm growth. The data set used in this research consists  of panel data from the Dutch Farm Accountancy Data Network of farms specialized in plant production extended with a data from survey among those farms. Probit models were used to determine the likelihood of the changes. Results show that the degree of mechanization increases the probability of farm growth and farm renewal. Family labour  input and solvency have a negative impact on farm growth. Farm size is positively correlated with farm renewal. No indications of the influence of the life cycle have been  found.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Decision making; Diversification; Farm growth; Farm structure; Innovation; Panel data; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7025

The Optimal Climate Policy Portfolio when Knowledge Spills Across Sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Massetti,   Emanuele; Nicita,   Lea.
This paper studies the implications for climate policy of the interactions between environmental and knowledge externalities. Using a numerical analysis performed with the hybrid integrated assessment model WITCH, extended to include mutual spillovers between the energy and the non-energy sector, we show that the combination between environmental and knowledge externalities provides a strong rationale for implementing a portfolio of policies for both emissions reduction and the internalisation of knowledge externalities. Moreover, we show that implementing technology policy as a substitute for stabilisation policy is likely to increase global emissions.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technical Change; Climate Change; Development; Innovation; Spillovers; Environmental Economics and Policy; C72; H23; Q25; Q28; O31; O41; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92912

Do Market Oriented Firms Demonstrate Clarity on Their Value Discipline? Evidence from Illinois Beef Producers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Micheels,   Eric T.; Gow,   Hamish R.
A market orientation has been shown to lead to improved firm performance in a variety of industries (Narver and Slater, 1990; Deshpande et al., 1993). In previous research, it has been argued that performance benefits are a result of a greater awareness of the sources of value the product provides to the consumer, without specifically describing how value was created. Treacy and Wiersema (1993) developed the concept of value disciplines, which are three distinctive means of value provision, namely operational excellence, customer intimacy and product leadership. More recently, Narver et al. (1998) argued that market oriented firms have a clear understanding of how they provide value to customers, but this assertion has yet to be empirically tested. A new...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Market orientation; Organizational learning; Value disciplines; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q10; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53800

Increasing Canada's International Competitiveness: Is There a Link between Skilled Immigrants and Innovation?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Partridge,   Jamie; Furtan,   William Hartley.
We use an augmented national ideas production function to examine skilled immigrants' impact on Canadian innovation at the provincial level. Empirically, this model was tested using Canadian data by province on innovation flow over an 11 year time period, where innovation flow is defined in terms of international (U.S.) patents. It was found that skilled immigrants, who are proficient in either English or French, have a significant and positive impact on innovation flow in their home province. Further, in examining skilled immigrants by source region, it was found that skilled immigrants from developed countries have the greatest impact on their home province's innovation flow. This is true of North American/European skilled immigrants for all skill-level...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Canada; Endogenous technological change; Innovation; National ideas; Production function; Patents; Skilled immigrants; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6504

INOVAÇÃO DE VALOR COMO INSTRUMENTO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DO AGRONEGÓCIO NA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Castro,   Alberto William Viana de; Tourinho,   Manoel Malheiros; Gollo,   Silvana Saionara.
A participação de centros de pesquisas aplicadas, na busca de solução para os problemas de inovação para o agronegócio na região amazônica, está ligada não somente às demandas do setor, mas também, a capacidade da utilização de suas habilidades e capacidades internas e de articulação com outras organizações de pesquisa na região. Outro desafio está em promover as iniciativas de organização, coordenação e a governança das diversas cadeias de produção, já consolidadas ou em processo de consolidação, e que compõem o Sistema Agroindustrial (SAI), no estado do Pará e outros estados da Amazônia oriental. Neste contexto, conceitos atuais, como a gestão sistêmica das organizações; inovação de valor; cooperação e organização de redes de pesquisa representam...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Inovação; Valor; Amazônia Oriental; Agronegócio Sustentável; Innovation; Value; Oriental Amazon; Agribusiness Maintainable; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/112693

How Large Are the Welfare Gains from Technological Innovation Induced by Environmental Policies?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parry,   Ian W.H.; Pizer,   William A.; Fischer,   Carolyn.
This paper examines whether the welfare gains from technological innovation that reduces future abatement costs are larger or smaller than the “Pigouvian” welfare gains from optimal pollution control. The relative welfare gains from innovation depend on three key factors ¾ the initially optimal level of abatement, the speed at which innovation reduces future abatement costs, and the discount rate. We calculate the welfare gains from innovation under a variety of different scenarios. Mostly they are less than the Pigouvian welfare gains. To be greater, innovation must reduce abatement costs substantially and quickly and the initially optimal abatement level must be fairly modest.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Welfare; Regulation; Endogenous; Technological; Change; R&amp;D; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q16; Q28; O32; O33.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10448

The Impact of Alternative Market Orientation Strategies on Firm Performance: Customer versus Competitor Orientation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Micheels,   Eric T.; Gow,   Hamish R.
Research studies have differed over the importance of the relative emphasis of a customer versus competitor orientation in the development of a market orientation (Slater and Narver, 1994; Tajeddini, 2010).  In this study, we assess whether the emphasis of one component over another of a market orientation is an important determinant of firm performance within the Illinois beef industry, specifically the cow-calf sector.  Using a series of OLS regressions, we examine the importance of a market orientation, relative emphasis, learning, innovativeness, and a cost focus on firm performance.  Our results suggest that a market orientation is an important determinant of firm performance while the relative emphasis of customer versus competitor orientation is not...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Innovation; Market orientation; Relative emphasis; Value discipline strategies; Marketing.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61738

Sustaining Linkages to High Value Markets Through Collective Action in Uganda: The Case of the Nyabyumba Potato Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kaganzi,   Elly; Ferris,   Shaun; Barham,   James; Abenakyo,   Annet; Sanginga,   Pascal; Njuki,   Jemimah M.
Uganda’s rapid urbanization, particularly in the capital city Kampala, offers new market opportunities for organized farmers to supply higher value produce for emerging growth markets such as multinational supermarket chains and fast food restaurants. Higher urban incomes allow consumers to shift from small shops and street food stalls to more formalized markets and modern food restaurants. These more formal market outlets provide both food safety and greater choice of produce. Supplying these outlets offers both higher income and improved business relations for farmers, but accessing these markets also requires significant upgrading in terms of product quality, more secure supply chains, and more efficient marketing and business management. To meet these...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Potato; High value markets; Fast food; Entrepreneurial; Social Cohesion; Innovation; Quality; And competitiveness; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44348

Concepts of Competition in Theory and Practice
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Svizzero,   Serge; Tisdell,   Clement A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Allocative efficiency; Competition policy; Concepts of competition; Dynamic efficiency; Innovation; Productive efficiency; Uncertainty; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90469

A diffusion model for the adoption of agricultural innovations in structured adopting populations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McRoberts,   Neil; Franke,   A.C.
We introduce a new model for examining the dynamics of uptake of technological innovations in agricultural systems, using the adoption of zero-till wheat in the rice-wheat system in Haryana state, India, as a case study. A new equation is derived which describes the dynamics of adoption over time and takes into account the effect of aggregation (e.g. on a spatial and/or cultural basis) in the adopting population on the rate of adoption. The model extends previous phenomenological models by removing the assumption of homogeneity in the non-adopting fraction of the population. We show how factors affecting the per capita rate of adoption can be captured using cognitive mapping and simulate the dynamics of the adoption process.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bass curve; Adoption; Innovation; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61117

Emerging markets and innovation: A partnership for global progress
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sara,   Tejinder; Hall Jackson,   Faye.
The purpose of this paper is to briefly discuss the role innovation plays in global competition and discuss how companies from some of the emerging markets are using innovation to compete with global companies from the developed world.  Innovation is linked to the marketing concept as a driver for developing new products, services, and/or delivery systems. As global borders disappear, and training and education along with trade freedom increase, the opportunity for innovation increases. This writing offers a forward look into the global possibilities of emerging market innovation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Global competition; Innovation firms.; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D21; F23; M16; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95945

INNOVATION AS THE KEY OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES’ COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lanyi,   Beatrix.
Pharmaceutical industry belongs to the most innovative branches in Hungary. However as a consequence of increasing development costs and the strong competition on the market the means of gaining competitive advantage has become a focal point of the pharmaceutical companies’ strategy. Economic performance is highly dependent on research and knowledge and economic success is determined how companies are able to apply this knowledge and skills so how flourishing the product or technological development becomes. Only those branches and companies will gain competitive advantage that are able to compete on knowledge and technology. Since science and technology are considered to be the most important source of economic development, it contributes to the more...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Research and development; Competitiveness; Pharmaceutical industry; International Development.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58930

Az intellektuális tőke az információs korszakban
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Harazin,   Piroska.
Jelen tanulmány elsődleges célja egy szekunder kutatás eredményeinek bemutatása, melyben összefoglalásra került, hogy milyen jellemzőkkel rendelkezik egy információs korszakbeli, az intellektuális tőkére koncentráló teljesítményértékelő metódus. Elmondható, hogy alapvető elvárás egy ilyen módszertől, hogy a múlt információi mellett képes legyen a jelen és a jövő lehetőségeit is számba venni, és a pénzügyi nézőpont mellett további perspektívákat is megjeleníteni. A tanulmány másik fontosabb célja annak a kérdéskörnek a felvázolása, melyben a környezet mint tőkeelem vonásai és értékelésének tulajdonságai vizsgálhatók az intellektuális tőkével párhuzamosan. A cél teljesítésekor kérdések merültek fel, melyek megválaszolása további kutatást igényel. Azonban...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Információs korszak; Intellektuális tőke; Jövő; Innováció; Information era; Intellectual capital; Future; Innovation; International Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92509

INNOVATION IN THE FOOD AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES: ACOMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boehlje,   Michael; Broring,   Stefanie; Roucan-Kane,   Maud.
Innovation is critical to the long-term success of a firm as well as the economic health of an industry and the overall economy. This manuscript presents an overview of the management literature regarding technology and innovation management. It also describes the unique characteristics of the food and agricultural sector and offers a research agenda to extend the management literature to the agribusiness sector.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agribusiness; Portfolio of options; Risk; Agribusiness; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L24; D81; O31; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56389

Strategic Decision Making Under Uncertainty: Innovation and New Technology Introduction during Volatile Times1
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boehlje,   Michael; Roucan-Kane,   Maud.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Deere and Company; Uncertainty; Real option; Organizational structure; Option; Risk; Innovation; Industrial Organization; Risk and Uncertainty; Q1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92576

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System 2009
Provedor de dados: 31
This 2009 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  Charts and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators.  The 2009 report begins with a special feature which describes indicators to benchmark competitiveness of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food sector at the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agri-food; Competitiveness; Consumers; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59885

Analysis on Farmers’ Land Right Protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wei,   Feng-xiu.
Land is the fundamental income sources for farmers. However, farmers stay in disadvantaged state in the political, economic and social aspects. Their land is exploited and occupied, which facilitates the rapid development of economy, as well as brings the gap between the poor and the rich and the inharmonious disputes. The necessity for protecting the land right of farmers under the new situation is expounded, covering the necessity of carrying out the relevant agricultural policies; the necessity of improving rural economic status and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas; the necessity of reducing land disputes and constructing harmonious society. The violation of farmers’ land rights is analyzed from two aspects. The first one is the violation...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Land system; Land rights and interests; Land right violation; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108430

Organic Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings From a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.; Davis,   Kristin E.; Negash,   Martha; Gezahegn,   Ayele.
Agriculture in Ethiopia is changing. New players, relationships, and policies are influencing the ways in which information and knowledge are used by smallholders. While this growing complexity suggests opportunities for Ethiopian smallholders, too little is known about how these opportunities can be effectively leveraged to promote pro-poor processes of rural innovation. This paper examines Ethiopia’s smallholder agricultural sector from an innovation systems perspective to understand the changing roles, responsibilities, and interactions of diverse actors in relation to smallholder livelihoods. The paper uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research tools to paint a picture of the innovation landscape at both the system and local levels....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Agricultural development; Innovation; Technology; Social networks; Social learning; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52096

Innovation and Governance in International Food Supply Chains: The Cases of Ghanaian Pineapples and South African Grapes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Trienekens,   Jacques H.; Willems,   Sabine.
This paper reports an exploratory case study on innovation in, and governance of, international supply chains originating in developing countries. Two African fruit export chains are analyzed: the table grape chain from South Africa (a highly developed chain) and the pineapple chain from Ghana (a newly emerging chain). The most important market for both chains is the EU. The two cases present complementary perspectives on international supply chain development. The paper shows that Western demands in these cases lead to innovation at the producer end of the international supply chain and changes in governance structures towards chain coordination and vertical integration.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International supply chains; Innovation; Governance; Developing countries.; Agribusiness; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44900

Reflexiones del Metodo de Investigacion, Consultoria e Innovacion en Sistemas de Gestion de Empresas Agropecuarias
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ruiz Guzman,   Jose Luis; Aguilar Valdes,   Alfredo; Gomez Gonzalez,   Gerardo; Ruiz Ledezma,   Javier.
The evolution of the subject of Research on Technology Transfer and Agroindustrial Development at the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán UNAM (School of Advanced Studies at Cuatitlan UNAM) converges with the generation of agricultural business management systems and with the consultancy service and training, as a University-Company articulation strategy; with the purpose of awakening business people's interests in order to discover productivity and competitiveness helping them to become better, transform or revolution its organization in the fight to get present opportunities in the market and the economic surroundings. Above all, the strengthening of the subject is upheld by the evolution of the research method applied to innovation through the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Research; Innovation; Consultancy; Method; Company; Agrindustrial.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48610

Towards innovative environmental management in the Agro-food Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bremmers,   Harry J.; Haverkamp,   Derk-Jan; Sabidussi,   Anna; Omta,   S.W.F. (Onno).
This article focuses on the problem: what external (stakeholder) and internal (structural/organizational) factors drive companies in the food- and agribusiness towards innovative environmental management? Innovative companies are those considered to have adopted a supply-chain perspective, instead of a focus on the single business unit. We propose that innovativeness is associated with stakeholder wishes (the government, the public environmental policy being a major influential factor), in combination with structural characteristics of the firm (like R&amp;D-efforts, culture and managerial competences). We surveyed 492 companies in 2002, to get insight into the causes of innovativeness in the Dutch agri-food sector, and supplemented this data by means of a...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental management; Innovation; Governmental policy; Stakeholder influences; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48328

INNOVACION DE PRODUCTOS DE ALTO VALOR AGREGADO A PARTIR DE LA TUNA MEXICANA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sumaya Martinez,   Ma. Teresa; Suarez Dieguez,   Teodoro; Cruz Cansino,   Nelly del Socorro; Alanis Garia,   Ernesto; Sampedro,   Jose G.
In the world, Mexico is the major producer of prickly pears and also has the largest number in varieties. However, in addition to its highly seasonal production, prickly pears are consumed just by a small segment of the Mexican population. Therefore, the promotion of prickly pears consumption in the form of new derivative products by emphasizing its bioactive properties seems to be a possible solution to its low consumption. Recent studies from European and Asian laboratories showed that some prickly pears varieties have a significant antioxidant activity. In Mexico, prickly pears producers are looking for new ways of commercialization. In this regard, similar studies are underway surveying those varieties from the highly producing Mexican states with the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Prickly pears; Antioxidant activity; Innovation; Functional food.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93913

SME Performance, Innovation and Networking Evidence on Complementarities for a Local Economic System
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazzanti,   Massimiliano; Mancinelli,   Susanna.
The paper addresses the relevancy of networking activities and R&amp;D as main drivers of productivity performance and ouput innovation, for small and medium enterprises (SME) playing in a local economic system. Given the intangible nature of many techno organisational innovation and networking strategies, original recent survey data for manufacturing and services are exploited. The aim is to provide new evidence on the complementarity relationships concerning different networking activities and R&amp;D in a local SME oriented system in Northern Italy. We first introduce a methodological framework to empirically test complementarity among R&amp;D and networking, in a discrete setting. Secondly, we consequently present empirical evidence on productivity...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Firm Competitiveness; Innovation; R&amp;D; Networking; Complementarity; Local Economic System; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D21; L25; O3; O14; Z13.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9554

AVALIAÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO E SOCIAL POR MEIO DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE CADEIAS PRODUTIVAS DE FRUTICULTURA NO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dinis Pereira,   Breno Augusto; Liberato Braga,   Ayala; Steffanello,   Marines.
In the recent years we have observed a strong movement to provide alternatives for innovative economic development, to consider problems relating to poverty and income generation. The study of the productive chain of fruits in the northern region of the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, seeks to understand the ways of interaction among economic social, and political agents as well as external forces that interfere in the production, processing and marketing of juices and pulps of fruits. This work is characterized as an exploratory one and its methods of data collection are the document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and observation. Results demonstrate innovative strategies for implementation of the chain of fruit production aiming to ensure the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Fruticultura; Cadeia produtiva; Inovação; Desenvolvimento econômico; Fruits; Production chain; Innovation; Economic development; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102017

Economic assessment of Dutch agricultural research
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Poppe,   Krijn J.
To cope with globalisation and other changes in the industry, in the last 20 years the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture has reorganised its system for education, extension and research considerably. It moved away from the concept of a linear process of innovation to that of an agro-innovation system. This paper describes the main changes. The paper argues that an evaluation of the changes is problematic. In an open economy where a large part of the public investments are targeted to reduce negative externalities of production (especially on environmental impact), a part of productivity is due to persons leaving the sector and income in farming is dependent on value added processes in its multinational cooperatives, causes and effects are hard to disentangle....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43071

A INOVAÇÃO, A COOPERAÇÃO E O APRENDIZADO NO ARRANJO PRODUTIVO LOCAL DO AGRONEGÓCIO LEITE NO MUNICÍPIO DE JARU
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Riva,   Fabiana Rodrigues; Costa,   Patricia Ferreira; Cordeiro,   Higor.
As informações se restringem cada vez mais em poder de menos pessoas ocasionando uma disparidade na utilização das praticas administrativas. O setor agrícola constantemente tem sofrido com esta situação, pois os micros e pequenos empresários dificilmente conseguem acompanhar tais mudanças e o nível de competitividade destes diminui ocasionando baixa produtividade e perdas na qualidade dos produtos, prejudicando os processos de aprendizagem, cooperação e inovação e consequentemente o desenvolvimento deste APL. Buscando identificar como ocorrem esses processos e conhecer sua importância para os atores de um arranjo foi realizado um levantamento de suas interações nos diversos segmentos do arranjo produtivo local do agronegócio leite no município de Jaru em...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agronegócio; Leite; Inovação; Cooperação; Aprendizado; Agribusiness; Leite; Innovation; Cooperation; Learning; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103104

Stimulation of innovations: case of the Latvian IT cluster
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zeibote,   Zane.
This paper is based on assumption that innovation and competitiveness can be facilitated by clusters. The cluster approach has certain advantages which could be explored by firms looking for increased growth, competitiveness and innovation. The analysis of the Latvian Information Technology cluster shows that it has developed a platform for increasing competitiveness and innovation capacity for IT firms, and it helps to draw conclusions for further improvement of cluster and individual company performance.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Competitiveness; Clusters; Cluster initiative; Information technology; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; M15; O32.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94526

Innovation in commercialization of pelagic fish: the example of "Srdela Snack" Franchise
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kolega,   Ante; Radman,   Marija; Markovina,   Jerko.
The consumption of fish in Croatia is relatively low for a Mediterranean country. One of the main reasons for this is the inadequate supply of fish. The supply of fish is usually limited to expensive species of whitefish, while the supply of pelagic fish is very scarce. Pelagic fish can rarely be found in restaurants, and in the fish- markets it reaches very high prices. The basic goal of the project "Srdela Snack" (srdela - Croatian word for sardine) was to set up and test a new model of commercialization of pelagic fish through franchise "fast - food" outlets. In the paper we will describe the concept of this new model which includes the whole distribution channel, from fishermen, through processors, restaurants to consumers. In this model fishermen...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Commercialization; Pelagic fish; Franchise; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10090

Innovation Under the Tradable Sulfur Dioxide Emission Permits Program in the U.S. Electricity Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas.
The 1990 U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) instituted a national program in tradable sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission permits, referred to as "emission allowances," in the U.S. electricity sector. This paper provides a survey and assessment of the SO2 allowance trading program with a focus on the role of innovation. Over the last decade the cost of compliance has fallen dramatically compared with most expectations, and today the total cost of the program is 40-140% lower than projections (depending on the timing of those projections and the counter-factual baseline considered). Marginal costs of reductions are less than one-half the cost considered in most analyses at the time the program was introduced. Innovation accounts for a large portion of these...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Incentive-based regulation; SO2 trading; Clean Air Act Amendments; Environmental Economics and Policy; O31; Q25.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10599

Role of innovation in growth of countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tejinder,   Sara.
The paper discusses the role of innovative capability in growth of a country by arguing that in the long run, a nation’s higher order competitive advantage can be built only with innovation. The paper also identifies eight determinants of innovation capability of a country. The discussion of these eight determinants should be useful for policy makers in countries attempting to promote economic growth by improving the productivity of the firms in their countries.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Economic growth; Productivity of the firms; Innovative firms; Innovation capability of a country.; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O10; 021; 031; 038.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94611

LAND TENURE SYSTEM, FARM SIZE, INNOVATION AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN SOUTH-EAST NIGERIA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eze,   Christopher C.; Konkwo,   S.O.; Orebiyi,   J.S.; Kadiri,   F.A.
This study examined land tenure systems, farm sizes, agricultural productivity and innovation in Imo State, Nigeria. Specifically the study examined the socio-economic characteristics of farmers, estimated the farm size of the farmers, identified reasons for not practicing mechanized farming, identified different innovations available to the farmers and identified the factors that affected agricultural productivity . Five communities were chosen randomly and from each of these communities, twenty farmers were randomly chosen. Data were collected, collated and analyzed using relevant techniques such as means, percentages, frequency distribution and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that 85% of the respondents practiced individual land tenure...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Tenure system; Farm size; Agricultural productivity; Innovation; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108934

Regional Food Clusters and Government Support for Clustering: Evidence for a ‘Dynamic Food Innovation Cluster’ in Alberta, Canada?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Steiner,   Bodo E.; Ali,   Jolene.
This paper analyzes government support for networking and regional cluster growth in the food sector. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first paper to provide a literature review of studies on regional food clusters, focusing on key features that characterize successful regional food clusters. The review compares key characteristics of such clusters with characteristics of clusters from other industrial sectors. The insights from these studies on clustering success and the role of government are contrasted with empirical evidence on government support for clustering in the Canadian food sector, specifically in the province of Alberta. The empirical evidence is based on two small industry surveys, one conducted in March 2005, and the second in August...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Location-based clustering; Food clusters; Networks; Innovation; Government support; Alberta; Canada; Industrial Organization; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; R11; L32; L38; O32; O38; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99705

The Environment and Directed Technical Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acemoglu,   Daron; Aghion,   Philippe; Bursztyn,   Leonardo; Hemous,   David.
This paper introduces endogenous and directed technical change in a growth model with environmental constraints. A unique final good is produced by combining inputs from two sectors. One of these sectors uses "dirty" machines and thus creates environmental degradation. Research can be directed to improving the technology of machines in either sector. We characterize dynamic tax policies that achieve sustainable growth or maximize intertemporal welfare. We show that: (i) in the case where the inputs are sufficiently substitutable, sustainable long-run growth can be achieved with temporary taxation of dirty innovation and production; (ii) optimal policy involves both “carbon taxes” and research subsidies, so that excessive use of carbon taxes is avoided;...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environment; Exhaustible Resources; Directed Technological Change; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; O30; O31; O33; C65.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92839

Trends and Opportunities in Agriculture An Executive Interview with Lowell Catlett
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Jose,   H. Douglas.
Agriculture will change more in the next decade than it did in the last century. Lowell Catlett is a futurist sharing his knowledge and insight on the new trends and technologies shaping the future of agriculture and how those working in this sector can take advantage of new opportunities.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Communication; Opportunity; Technology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q10; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53804

PREPARING FOR SUCCESS IN THE AGRIBUSINESS MARKET PLACE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boehlje,   Michael; Akridge,   Jay T.; Kalaitzandonakes,   Nicholas G.
With the dramatic changes occurring in the agricultural industries, it is critical to develop and maintain competencies that will enhance one's competitive position in this rapidly evolving market. The skills or capacities required to be successful are dynamic capabilities which embrace new ideas, change, innovation, analysis, integration, and teamwork-capabilities which may not be part of the experience base in the more traditional agriculture of the past.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adding value; Capabilities; Change; Innovation; Intellectual capital; Organizational transformation; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14655

Spatial Development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Desmet,   Klaus; Rossi-Hansberg,   Esteban.
We present a theory of spatial development. A continuum of locations in a geographic area choose each period how much to innovate (if at all) in manufacturing and services. Locations can trade subject to transport costs and technology diffuses spatially across locations. The result is an endogenous growth theory that can shed light on the link between the evolution of economic activity over time and space. We apply the model to study the evolution of the U.S. economy in the last few decades and find that the model can generate the reduction in the employment share in manufacturing, the increase in service productivity in the second part of the 1990s, the increase in land rents in the same period, as well as several other spatial and temporal patterns.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Dynamic Spatial Models; Growth; Innovation; Land Rent Evolution; Structural Transformation; Technology Diffusion; Trade; Community/Rural/Urban Development; E32; O11; O18; O33; R12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59852

Do Technology Shocks Shift Output? An Empirical Analysis of a Two Factor Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ulku,   Hulya.
This study identifies the effect of technology shocks on aggregate output using confirmatory factor analysis employed by Griliches, Hall and Pakes (1991). The analysis is based on the assumptions that there are two distinct shocks in an economy, demand and technology shocks, and that the patent data contain additional information on technology shocks. The findings show that, while the patent and R&amp;D data do not contain significant information on technology shocks in the full sample of OECD countries, they do have significant information on these shocks in the G13 countries. The results suggest that, in the G13 countries technology shocks can explain almost all of the unexpected changes in patent stock, half of those in R&amp;D stock and a quarter of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technology shocks; Innovation; R&amp;D; Patents; Output; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30547

Dilemmas in Hungarian higher education
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Herneczky,   Andrea; Marselek,   Sandor.
Higher rates of employment are essential to economic growth. The best way to increase the rate of employment is through training and education. Transforming education to mass education, as well as the weakening of the previous knowledge of students has caused a quality decay among job-seekers. The motivation behind education is not sound; the number of majors in higher education is higher than necessary and is not adjusted to the requirements of the labour market. Hands-on training has been forced into the background. Career offices at large colleges and universities may improve the entrants’ chances of finding a job.  Higher education institutions are also responsible for the continuous further training of their graduate students with BSc degrees, which...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Higher education; Bologna process; Innovation; Research; Labour market; Felsőoktatás; Bolognai folyamat; Innováció; Kutatás; Munkaerőpiac; Public Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92535

Learning About a New Technology: Pineapple In Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Conley,   Timothy G.; Udry,   Christopher R.
This paper investigates the role of social learning in the diffusion of a new agricultural technology in a developing country: Ghana. We use unique data on farmers’ communication patterns to define each individual’s information neighborhood, the set of others from whom he might learn. Our empirical strategy is to test whether farmers change their input decisions to align with those of their neighbors who were successful in previous periods. We present evidence that farmers adopt successful neighbors’ practices, conditional on many potentially confounding factors including the physical proximity of plots, credit arrangements, clan membership, and soil characteristics.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Social learning; Technology; Innovation; Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; 031; 012; 013.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28400

Biotechnology and the Development of Food Markets: Retrospect and Prospects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moschini,   GianCarlo.
Biotechnology has had an important impact on the agricultural and food industries over the last twelve years by way of fast and extensive adoption of a few genetically modified (GM) crops. This has produced large efficiency gains, including higher yields and reduced costs of weed and pest control, as well as some environmental benefits. The expected development of crops with additional agronomic traits, and with output traits to improve the nutrition and health attributes of food products, holds the potential for even more pervasive impacts. Full realisation of such promises may require overcoming the constraining effects of restrictive GM product regulations.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetically modified products; Innovation; Regulation; Research and development.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42811

A KUTATÁSI EREDMÉNYEK SORSA ÉS HASZNA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Szucs,   Istvan; Jarasi,   Eva Zsuzsanna; Erdeine Kesmarki-Gally,   Szilvia.
The economic development is generated by the continuous technical and economic innovation, what should be based on high level basic and applied research activity. For these reasons applied research based on high level may lay foundations. The utilization of the result of basic research may mean a lasting economic benefit. A country needs him for this for well-funded one to be, has to pursue a research-developmental activity with suitable intensity. Currently the intensity of R&amp;D activity is very diverse in the world's countries, the R+D proportions of expenditures to GDP are between 0.8 and 5.0 %. The low research intensity is typical of the poorer countries, generally. Big efforts are put onto the increase of the efficiency of the research and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Innováció; Gazdasági növekedés; Termelési hatékonyság; Tudásközpontok; Innovation; Economic growth; Effectivity of production; Knowledge-centers; Production Economics; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43415

How Large Are the Welfare Gains from Technological Innovation Induced by Environmental Policies?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Parry,   Ian W.H.; Pizer,   William A.; Fischer,   Carolyn.
This paper examines whether the welfare gains from technological innovation that reduces future abatement costs are larger or smaller than the "Pigouvian" welfare gains from optimal pollution control. The relative welfare gains from innovation depend on three key factors - the initially optimal level of abatement, the speed at which innovation reduces future abatement costs, and the discount rate. We calculate the welfare gains from innovation under a variety of different scenarios. Mostly they are less than the Pigouvian welfare gains. To be greater, innovation must reduce abatement costs substantially and quickly and the initially optimal abatement level must be fairly modest.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Welfare; Regulation; Endogenous; Technological; Change; R&amp;D; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q16; Q28; O32; O33.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10621

Innovation systems perspectives on developing-country agriculture: a critical review
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.
Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. A critique of innovation systems perspectives on agricultural research in developing countries. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 41-54. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.; Published as Spielman, David J. 2006. Systems of innovation: models, methods, and future directions. Innovation Strategy Today 2(1): 55-66. Ithaca, NY: bioDevelopments International Institute.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Agricultural research; Technological innovation; Cooperation; Networks; Game theory; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59692

ANALYSING THE LOW ADOPTION OF WATER CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGIES BY SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perret,   Sylvain R.; Stevens,   Joe B.
Natural resource degradation and water scarcity are a global concern, which typically threatens the sustainability of smallholder farmers' livelihoods in semi-arid developing areas.  As part of research efforts, a number of water-conservation technologies (WCT) have been developed, yet with low adoption rates in smallholder farming environments.  This paper discusses the concepts of adoption and innovation, comparing the perspectives of research operators to the ones of smallholder farmers.  Discrepancies are highlighted and ultimately explain low uptake of technologies by farmer.  Then it addresses socio-economic factors affecting such adoption.  It is argued that WCT show specific traits: (1) diversity and applicability to different time and spatial...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Adoption; Innovation; Water conservation; Technologies; Collective action; Property rights; Sustainability; Livelihoods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18028

THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INNOVATION IN SHEEP BREEDING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csatari,   Gabor Bence.
During my investigations, I highlighted three innovations, all of which serve the production of a final product, sheep kefir. This product contains a unique added value and involves several innovational opportunities. I examined the complex economic analysis of the innovations and technological elements investigated with respect to revenues from the sale of sheep milk, sheep cheese (kashkaval) and sheep kefir. The kashkaval-type sheep cheese does not contain sufficient added value to cover the costs of innovational investments. Investigating the innovational activity for developing sheep kefir and for its market introduction, its cash flow balance becomes positive already in the second year after realization, and is able to generate significant profit.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Sheep breeding; Innovation; Recovery calculation; Sheep kefir; Sheep milk production; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91119

Public Support of the Processing and Marketing of Agricultural Products: A Driver of Innovation in the Food Industry?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Schafer,   Martin; Efken,   Josef; Wendt,   Heinz; Trefflich,   Annette; Uetrecht,   Inge.
At issue in this paper is the role of innovation within the public support of food-industries under EU rural development policy. It is focused on the questions: Are there fundamental economic characteristics of highly innovative in comparison to less innovative enterprises? And, what are successful strategies to promote innovations by intervention of the state. Baseline information is given through the data ascertainment of investment grant applications and collaboration with local state departments.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Industrial policy; Investment assistance; Food-industry; State-intervention; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6605

Branchenspezifische Besonderheiten im Innovationsverhalten des Ernährungsgewerbes: Eine empirische Analyse des Mannheimer Innovationspanels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kubitzki,   Sabine; Anders,   Sven M.
The article’s aim is to conduct a comparative cross-section analysis of the innovative behaviour of the German manufacturing industry. The peculiarities of the food industry are tested in a combined analysis based on both input and output indicators. Linear and logistic regressions are used to investigate the differences between the food industry and other branches of the manufacturing industry. In comparison to other branches, the food industry has lower research &amp; development (R&amp;D) expenditures whereas the import of research from more technology intensive sectors is high. Most of the released new products are improvements and imitations. Market novelties are rare. The development time for new products is relatively short compared to other...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food industry; Innovation; Innovation behaviour; Innovation measurement; Input indicators; Output indicators; ZEW Innovation Panel; Agribusiness; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97205

Market Orientation, Innovation and Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Examination of the Illinois Beef Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Micheels,   Eric T.; Gow,   Hamish R.
This paper explores the importance of a producer’s market orientation on their subjective performance within agricultural commodity markets. Using a structural equation model of beef producers, our findings suggest that market oriented firms are highly innovative and achieve superior performance. These findings are consistent with previous research on the market orientation-performance relationship in heterogeneous product markets. The cost focus of a firm was also found to have a significant influence on innovation, but no direct effect on performance. This suggests that beef producers should follow a balanced approach utilizing both an external market and an internal productivity focus to achieve superior returns as opposed to solely focusing on internal...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Market orientation; Beef production; Innovation; Performance; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q10; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53649

If We Want Entrepreneurs We Need to Provide the Right Environment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Blokland,   P.J.
This paper takes the notion that entrepreneurs are good for economies and outlines what countries can do to encourage entrepreneurship. It suggests that citizen rights and freedom are directly related with entrepreneurial activity. Illegal entrepreneurial activity is mentioned as an outlet in repressive localities. It lists areas of the world where freedom exists and where it does not. Historical, current and country examples are given to illustrate these suppositions and the paper concludes with the role of entrepreneurship in world agribusiness.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Entrepreneurs; Country freedom index; Innovation; Ownership; Agribusiness; Product; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24256

MULTIFUNCTIONAL AGRICULTURE AS AN INNOVATION PATH FOR RURAL AREAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Madureira,   Livia Maria Costa; Costa,   Susete.
The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the potential of MFA model to enhance innovation in rural areas build on the analysis of information from a database of best practices on innovation in EU rural areas collected by the RAPIDO project1. The analysis shows innovation to be strongly related to multiple-activity. This suggests the synergies between functions and land-uses to overlap the competition for resources between activities and that MFA shows a promising approach to enhance innovation in rural areas.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Multifunctionality; Rural areas; Sustainability; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57644

Capital and financing innovation processes in enterprises in Poland: selected aspects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Janasz,   Krzysztof.
Every economic entity undertakes various complex activities that aim at achieving strategic goals. This complex plane of strategic activities certainly includes pro-innovative activity consisting in creating and implementing innovations that help to gain competitive advantage. Undoubtedly, enterprises need capital. Without capital they are not able to positively influence the economic growth of any country. The aim of this article is to present the relationship between capital and financing innovation projects in Poland.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Capital; Innovation; Capital gap; Financial engineering.; Financial Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94632

Assessing the effect of the CAP on farm innovation adoption. An analysis in two French regions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bartolini,   Fabio; Latruffe,   Laure; Viaggi,   Davide.
Literature on innovation adoption mechanism has emphasised the positive effect of Single Farm Payments (SFP) and Rural Development Payments on adoption of new technologies. In this context, the expected process of CAP reforming after 2013 is likely to strengthen the role of innovation in the European Union (EU). The objective of this paper is to identify the determinants of the adoption of future innovation, in particular in connection to past innovation, and to assess the role of agricultural policy in the promotion of innovation adoption. The analysis is applied to two regions (Centre and Midi-Pyrénées) in France. Two separate Count models are developed in order to explain famers’ stated intention concerning different intensities of innovation adoption...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Sequences of innovation; CAP; Zero inflated Poisson model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99594

Factors Affecting Biotechnology Innovation in Canada: Analysis of the 2001 Biotechnology Use and Development Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van Moorsel,   Daryl; Cranfield,   John A.L.; Sparling,   David.
Advancement in biotechnology requires continued innovative activity by firms.  To grow, biotechnology firms must understand the factors affecting their innovative activity.  Such understanding also informs policy makers, and supports the development of policies promoting one's biotechnology sector.  This study explores factors which determine innovative activity within the Canadian biotechnology industry.  Innovative activity is measured as the natural log of the number of products/processes a firm has at different stages of the innovation spectrum.  A model is developed to regress this measure on several determinants of innovation.  Significant drivers of innovation include: collaborative arrangements, transfer of intellectual property, firm size and age,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Biotechnology; Canada; Agriculture; Food; Human health; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34121

Positional Advantage within Small Farms: Evidence from Illinois
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Micheels,   Eric T.; Gow,   Hamish R.
As the economic viability of small farms continues to be an issue facing policy makers and economists alike, a market orientation may be a valuable resource producers can develop as they compete in a marketplace dominated by larger firms. Marketing and strategy scholars have long established the importance of a market orientation in determining firm performance. More recently, scholars have studied the effect of these concepts in agriculture. Extending the literature of market orientation in agriculture, this study examines the concept of a positional advantage and its effect on performance using a sample of small farms in Illinois. Using a sample of 347 Illinois beef producers, we empirically measure and test the construct of positional advantage and test...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Innovation; Market orientation; Positional advantage; Farm Management; Production Economics; L11; L25; L26.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52810

FACTORS INFLUENCING ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE IN THE FOOD MANUFACTURING, CHEMICAL, AGRICULTURAL WHOLESALING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Roucan-Kane,   Maud; Pena,   Inaki; Boehlje,   Michael; Akridge,   Jay T.
The objective of this study is to identify factors determining a business investment strategy (i.e., the choice of investment commitment and form of organizational structure) in the food manufacturing, chemical, agricultural wholesaling and biotechnology industries. Propositions regarding strategic alliance theories are tested on over 400 inter-firm collaborative agreements using secondary data from major US and European companies for the 1994-97 period. Results suggest that transactions with lower technological and resource uncertainty levels are more likely to result in investments with a higher commitment level (i.e., acquisitions or majority equity-based controlling investments). The investment commitment level embedded in a single business transaction...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Transaction costs; Strategic alliances; Food manufacturing; Chemical; Agricultural wholesaling; Ag-biotechnology; Investment strategy; Innovation; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; L10.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47454

R&amp;D, Innovation and Growth: Evidence from Four Manufacturing Sectors in OECD Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ulku,   Hulya.
This paper provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between R&amp;D intensity, rate of innovation and the growth rate of output in four manufacturing sectors from 17 OECD countries. The findings suggest that the knowledge stock is the main determinant of innovation in all four manufacturing sectors and that R&amp;D intensity increases innovation in the chemicals and the electrical and electronics sector. In addition, the rate of innovation has a positive effect on the growth rate of output in all sectors except for the drugs and medical sector. These results lend strong support for the non-scale endogenous growth models.    *I am grateful to Adam Jaffe for his invaluable suggestions and comments.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Non-scale endogenous growth; R&amp;D; Patent; Innovation; Output growth; System GMM; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O14; O30; O31; O33; O41.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30542

Inovação tecnológica e cooperação entre os atores econômicos no arranjo produtivo local: o exemplo do mamão no Espírito Santo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ney,   Vanuza Da Silva Pereira; Ponciano,   Niraldo Jose; Zampirolli,   Poliana Dare.
O artigo discute a formação e as características de um arranjo produtivo local tendo como base os elementos: cooperação, governança e inovação. Para isso resgata-se na literatura econômica os conceitos teóricos fundamentais de firma, inovação e concorrência, apresentando na última seção o caso do APL do mamão no Espírito Santo como exemplo de cooperação e esforço dos atores econômicos envolvidos no setor para seu fortalecimento e êxito no mercado externo. This article discuss the constitution and the characteristics of a cluster having as its base the elements: cooperation, leadership and innovation. For this, it is reviewed on the economic literature the fundamental theoretical concepts of firm, innovation and competition, presenting at the last section...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Arranjo produtivo; Inovação tecnológica; Mamão; Cluster; Innovation; Papaya; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103099

Sharing Science, Building Bridges, and Enhancing Impact: Public–Private Partnerships in the CGIAR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.; Hartwich,   Frank; von Grebmer,   Klaus.
This study, which examines the role of public–private partnerships in international agricultural research, is intended to provide policymakers, research managers, and business decision-makers with an understanding of how such partnerships operate and how they potentially contribute to food security and poverty reduction in developing countries. The study examines public–private partnerships in light of persistent market failure, institutional constraints, and systemic weaknesses, which impede the exchange of potentially pro-poor knowledge and technology. The study focuses on three key issues: whether public–private partnerships contribute to reducing the cost of research, whether they add value to research by facilitating innovation, and whether they...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural R&amp;D; CGIAR; Innovation; Public–private partnerships; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42405

The Economic Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zilberman,   David; Sexton,   Steven E.; Marra,   Michele C.; Fernandez-Cornejo,   Jorge.
Outstanding Choices Article Award, 2011
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; GMO; Adoption; Innovation; Productivity; Crop Production/Industries; Q160; Q240; Q420.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94769

Determinants of Food Industry Performance – Empirical Evidence Based on a Survey
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Furtan,   William Hartley; Sauer,   Johannes.
This paper empirically investigates the determinants of firms’ performance in the agri-food sector by using recent survey data for Denmark. Treating sales per employee as a proxy for value addition we estimate several bootstrapped regression models to draw conclusions on the marginal effects of potential performance determinants such as the form and nature of ownership, stage of the food chain and commodity sector, new product development, staff quality, firms’ competitive stance, and elements of firms’ strategy. To draw robust inferences we apply, besides the ordinary heteroscedasticity corrected Tobit ML-estimator, a nonparametric least absolute deviations estimator (LAD/CLAD) based on a quantile regression procedure. The results indicate that we cannot...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Value added; Innovation; Organizational type; Agribusiness; Q13; O31; O33.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6422

Improving the Energy-Efficiency of Buildings: The Impact of Environmental Policy on Technological Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Noailly,   Joelle.
This paper investigates the impact of alternative environmental policy instruments on technological innovations aiming to improve energy-efficiency in buildings. The empirical analysis focuses on three main types of policy instruments, namely regulatory energy standards in buildings codes, energy taxes as captured by energy prices and specific governmental energy R&amp;D expenditures. Technological innovation is measured using patent counts for specific technologies related to energy-efficiency in buildings (e.g. insulation, high-efficiency boilers, energy-saving lightings). The estimates for seven European countries over the 1989-2004 period imply that a strengthening of 10% of the minimum insulation standards for walls would increase the likelihood to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Technological Change; Patents; Energy-Efficiency; Buildings; Environmental Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O31; O34; Q55.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94777

COMMODITY R&amp;D AND PROMOTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Padilla,   Luis.
Considerable evidence exists of high returns to public and private investment in commodity research and development programs.  This study investigates the potential returns to product research, development, and marketing in a dynamic commodity-market model.  Theoretical hypotheses derived from the solution to this model are tested in an empirical example of Washington apples.  Estimation results show that, despite significant spillovers to research and promotion expenditure in this industry, there is nonetheless considerable latitude to increase annual sales.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Advertising; Commodity; Innovation; Optimal control; Poisson model; Research and development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L15; M37; Q13; Q16.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15083

R&amp;D Appropriability and Planned Obsolescence: Empirical Evidence from Wheat Breeding in the UK (1960-1995)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rangnekar,   Dwijen.
Plant breeders face a unique appropriation problem - plants are reproducible, genetic information is heritable and seeds can be multiplied. The paper uses indicators of varietal age as a proxy for durability to examine strategies of planned obsolescence. Using wheat breeding in the UK, evidence of strategies of planned obsolescence is confirmed. This is then corroborated with evidence of tendencies towards increased proliferation of varieties on the market and breeding strategies that focus on incremental productivity improvements (i.e. increased efficiency) and narrow and limited disease resistance (i.e. reduced durability).
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Planned Obsolescence; R&amp;D appropriability; Innovation; Plant Breeding; Crop Production/Industries; L13; O31; Q10.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24904

SPATIAL LABOUR MARKET PROCESSES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csehne Papp,   Imola.
After the change of the political system, at the beginning of the 90’s, the territorial differences in Hungary deepened obviously. Approximately 1.5 millions jobs were terminated, the production in the former industrial centres declined, and the reorganization of the economical system started. All these afflicted the areas with the highest working power, so the crises in the different sectors of economy widened out into regional crises. Losing the Eastern markets in agriculture also destabilized the former structural and productional system, which were even deepened by the political decisions concerning the reorganization of the proprietorships. During a few years the rate of employment decreased dramatically, unemployment skyrocketed, and by 1993 it...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Unemployment; Regional differences; Innovation; Education; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43185

Innovation and Food System Sustainability: Public Concerns vs Private Interests
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sodano,   Valeria.
The food system negatively affects the environment, human health and the total well being of the society in many ways, causing: soil and water depletion, pollution due to the waste treatments, acid rains, desertification, climate change, ozone depletion and biodiversity loss. The paper endeavors to compare the needs of a sustainable food system with strategies actually carried out at private and public level. It is shown that while the process of trade liberalization is pushing towards market deregulation and decreasing state intervention, corporate social responsibility is very low and unable to tackle the huge environmental problems faced by the food system. The main conclusion of the paper is that the current competitive games played by leading firms...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Sustainability; Local food systems; Fresh produce; Participatory democracy; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49891

Innovation and Institutional Ownership
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Aghion,   Philippe; Van Reenen,   John; Zingales,   Luigi.
We find that institutional ownership in publicly traded companies is associated with more innovation (measured by cite-weighted patents). To explore the mechanism through which this link arises, we build a model that nests the lazy-manager hypothesis with career-concerns, where institutional owners increase managerial incentives to innovate by reducing the career risk of risky projects. The data supports the career concerns model. First, whereas the lazy manager hypothesis predicts a substitution effect between institutional ownership and product market competition (and managerial entrenchment generally), the career-concern model allows for complementarity. Empirically, we reject substitution effects. Second, CEOs are less likely to be fired in the face of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Career Concerns; Innovation; Institutional Ownership; Productivity and R&amp;D; Financial Economics; G20; G32; O31; O32; O33.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93414

ROLE OF INNOVATIONS AND KNOWLEDGE - INFRASTRUCTURE AND INSTITUTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nabradi,   Andras.
PAPER FROM PLENARY SESSION
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Knowledge; Infrastructure; Institutions; Agribusiness; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57336

Institutional Learning and Change: An initiative to promote greater impact through agricultural research for poverty alleviation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Watts,   Jamie; Horton,   Douglas.
The ILAC Initiative consists of an evolving community of individuals committed to increasing the contributions of agricultural research to sustainable poverty reduction around the world. ILAC promotes research, methodology development and capacity development to increase understanding of agricultural change processes and increase the effectiveness of interventions to stimulate pro-poor innovation. This paper presents a broad overview of ILAC, including its background, origins and evolution, objectives and activities.  It also presents the initiative’s central hypothesis and a set of guiding questions. Theoretical frameworks that show promise for increasing understanding of issues related to capacities to learn, facilitate innovation, and contribute to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural; Research; ILAC; Pro-poor; Innovation; Farmers; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52536

THE REGULATORY REGIME AND ITS IMPACT ON INNOVATION ACTIVITIES IN AGRO-FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE EU AND USA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Menrad,   Klaus.
Paper prepared for presentation at the Conference: “Seeds of Change: Intellectual Property Protection for Agricultural Biotechnology” University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (USA), April 8 to 10th, 2004
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agro-food Biotechnology; Innovation; European Union; United States; Regulations; Industrial Organization; L5; L66; O32.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91014

Innovation Trajectories in Honduras’ Coffee Value Chain. Public and Private Influence on the Use of New Knowledge and Technology among Coffee Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartwich,   Frank; Fromm,   Ingrid; Romero,   Gustavo.
In this paper, results from a study on the use of improved coffee production technology schemes among smallholder coffee producers in three prominent coffee producing regions in Honduras are presented. The impact of various schemes (trajectories) in which different agents influence the producers’ decision to use new technologies was analyzed. In particular, there are differences in the influence of a) private coffee buying organizations and b) government and public development agencies on the innovation behavior of coffee growers. Drawing from network data that depict the internal and outbound connectedness of producers in three village communities in main coffee producing zones in Honduras, tools of social network analysis were applied to find out how...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Coffee production; Innovation; Upgrading; Social networks; Honduras; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97027

The CGIAR at a Crossroads: Assessing the role of international agricultural research in poverty alleviation from an innovation systems perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ekboir,   Javier M.
Globalization, technical change and migration are changing the dynamics of poverty and food production. These factors, combined with a better understanding of the nature of complex processes, are also changing the nature of scientific research, the roles researchers can play in poverty alleviation and the niches in which the CGIAR can operate. While keeping strong breeding and research programs, the CGIAR should devote increasing resources to better characterize the dynamics of poverty, redefine the networks it will use to promote the use of scientific information to foster innovation, link local innovators and researchers with international scientific networks, and help to build innovative capabilities in developing countries. These capabilities should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: CGIAR; Innovation; Agricultural research; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52534

PRODUCT AND BRANDING INNOVATIONS IN THE AUSTRALIAN BEEF MARKETING SYSTEM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morales,   Luis Emilio; Fleming,   Euan M.; Wright,   Vic; Griffith,   Garry R.; Umberger,   Wendy J.
Meat Standards Australia (MSA) represents a new beef classification system, derived from consumer preferences, which allows classifying beef in interesting ways to consumers and creates the basis for product differentiation and branding. Currently, branding of beef cuts occurs on a limited scale; however, research has revealed clear segmentation across consumers and premiums for preferred products in niche markets. The objective of this study is to identify the potential for large-scale differentiation and branding in the Australian beef marketing system and how this may best be done given the structure of the supply chain.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Branding; Australian beef marketing system; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5993

Multidisciplinary Innovation Teams: The New Product Development Center (NPDC) at Oklahoma State University (OSU) (PowerPoint)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tilley,   Daniel S.; Vaidyanathan,   Ranji.
Presented to USDA Economists Group, Washington, DC
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Product Development; Process Development; Business Analysis; Innovation; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; O.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54162

Biomassza-alapú energiák innovációjának genomikai megközelítései
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Marothy,   Gergely; Kondorosi,   Eva; Bíró,   Tibor.
A genomika valódi eszköz a biomassza-alapú energiák innovatív kutatása területén, egyes részterületei (metagenomika, transzkriptomika) ténylegesen alkalmazhatók a biomassza-alapanyag optimalizálása során, illetve a biomassza-konverzió hatékonyságának javításában, ezáltal a megújuló energiatípusok előállítási költségeinek csökkentésében. ------------------------------------------------ Genomics is a useful tool in innovative research into biomass energy. Certain fields of genomics (metagenomics, transcriptomics) have a practical application in biomass optimisation and in improving the efficiency of biomass, and can thus help reduce the costs of renewable energy production.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Genomika; Biomassza; Kutatás; Innováció; Biomass energy; Genomics; Innovation; Research; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119937

Evolution of Category Management in UK Supermarket Fresh Produce Networks: A Return to Direct Supply Channels?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hingley,   Martin.
The premise of this paper is investigation into retailer-driven agri-food supply channels. Food sector dominant UK multiple retailers have in recent years invested in close Category Management (CM) based supply channel relationships with key/ preferred suppliers (Hingley, 2004; Hingley, Lindgreen and Casswell, 2006; Sodano and Hingley, 2007). Category Management allows a nominated supplier to take greater responsibility for the entire supply chain of a given product category and aims to maximise sales and profitability through an end consumer orientation (Jarvis and Woolven, 1999) and this became universally employed by retailers in recent years (Hingley, 2005a). However, critics such as Dapiran and Hogarth-Scott (2003) contend that the development of CM...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Retail supply networks; Category management; Innovation; Fresh produce; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49852

The Relationship between Innovation and Marketing in SMEs in the EU Food Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Banterle,   Alessandro; Cavaliere,   Alessia; Stranieri,   Stefanella; Carraresi,   Laura.
In the EU market small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the greater part of the food industry, specially with regard to traditional food products (TFPs). However, the growth of competition, connected mainly to globalisation, is making it very difficult for SMEs to survive. On the other hand, market opportunities for SMEs are connected to the evolution of consumer preferences toward food quality. To profit from such opportunities and to survive on the market, SMEs need to adapt their strategies, focusing on innovation aspects in order to meet consumer requirements and to compete on the market. The literature shows that firms’ market orientation and marketing capabilities are very important for innovation in food industries to guarantee that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Traditional food products; Innovation; Marketing management capabilities; Linear regression model; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; L25; L66; M31; Q13.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100589

SOCIOECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL DETERMINERS OF DURABLE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE FOOD-PRODUCING AGRICULTURE OF CAMEROON
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Temple,   Ludovic; Kwa,   Moise; Bikoi,   Achile.
The challenges posed by food security for populations in sub-Saharan Africa and the fact that extensive production systems are reaching their limits in food-producing agriculture imply accelerating technological innovation toward ecological intensification of agricultural production systems. A review of research on plantain banana in Cameroon since 1988 revealed how institutional innovation enabled hybridization of different forms of research (fundamental, systems, and action research) and reinforced the organizational innovation required for technical change. Evaluation of impacts underlined the complementarity between an increase in productivity and in income in rural areas, the production of human and social capital and the protection of forest resources.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Food crops; Cameroon; Sustainable development; Plantain; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7938

A versenykepes virtualis (nagy)uzem
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takacs,   Istvan; Baranyai,   Zsolt; Takacs,   Emese; Takacs-Gyorgy,   Katalin.
Economic expansion revaluates continuously the economic and social role of agriculture. Population explosion in the world generates continuously growing demand on foods and industrial raw materials. Supply of increased demand is supported by R&amp;D, at the same time using results of it polarizes the economies. In the agriculture the technical development (i.e. development of technical, technological and biological basis of production, chemicalization, education of human resources) produces potential for increasing efficiency of production. The first period of technical development serves characteristically the supply of quantitative demand, but after it reached the equilibrium of supply and demand, then qualitative development becomes aim. Development...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Property structure; Cooperation; Machinery rings; Műszaki fejlesztés; Üzemi struktúra; Együttműködés; Gépkörök; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43124

The dynamics of link formation in patent innovator networks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sebestyen,   Tamas; Parag,   Andrea.
The paper presents a simple extension of the Barabasi-Albert model of network evolution. This model is based upon the assumption that new links are formed not only according to the centrality of other nodes in a network but geodetic distance is also important in link formation. Simulation results show that if link formation is based on distance then the resulting network is more clustered than in the case of centrality being the dominant factor in link formation. Our empirical results show that in European regional patent inventor networks distance is a considerably more important factor in link formation than network centrality.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Network evolution; Knowledge-transfer; Cluster.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94631

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System
Provedor de dados: 31
This 2008 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  The 2008 report begins with a special feature describing recent developments in global commodity markets when prices rose dramatically over the past year. It continues by reviewing each segment of the system, going upstream from consumers to food distribution, food, beverage and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agri-food; Gross Domestic Product; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Farm income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46805

Local Cooperatives' Role in the Identity-Preserved Grain Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hogeland,   Julie A.
This study examines how locally owned cooperatives have responded to the transition from commodity to identity-preserved grain marketing. Survey results showed locals’ overall commitment to identity-preserved grains was determined more by a cultural receptivity to innovation than by differences in priorities among grain, feed, and general managers.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Cooperatives; Grain; Identity-preserved grain; Specialty grain; Innovation; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42911

Evaluation of Conservation Biological Control Innovation in Winegrowing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Forbes,   Sharon; Grout,   Rachel; Smallman,   Clive.
Conservation biological control (CBC) aims to improve conditions for natural enemies in agricultural landscapes and has the goal of reducing pest species below threshold level to thus avoid the need for synthetic chemicals.  The CBC approach has been introduced in several counties, including New Zealand.  Agricultural R&amp;D is widely studied, however agricultural innovations and their adoption is less studied.  A CBC practice introduced in Waipara vineyards is described in this paper and an evaluation of the uptake and economic sustainability of this innovation is provided.  Results indicate that there are ongoing costs involved with maintaining the innovation and that adoption of the innovation is highly variable across winegrowing properties.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Winegrowing; Conservation Biological Control; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97986

Viability of Values and Attitudes Concerning Purchase Intentions and Benefit Attribution for an Organic Sport Drink
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ameseder,   Christoph; Haas,   Rainer; Meixner,   Oliver.
The following contribution describes a product development case study for an isotonic organic sport drink in which the value factors of GfK Sinus Milieus have been applied. The underlying research question is, if the prescribed values are a viable tool to differentiate buyers and nonbuyers of organic food in respect to purchase intention in the case of sport beverages. The authors furthermore investigate the importance of “organic” or other product features for fitness oriented consumers. The paper draws on data from a survey in Austrian and German fitness centres with a total of 400 respondents. Purchase intention was indirectly measured with a Conjoint analysis, for the influence of values and factors on the purchase intention an analysis of variance was...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; New product development; Organic food; Sport beverage; Attitudes and values; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49766

Key Success Factors of Innovation in Multinational Agrifood Prospector Companies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fortuin,   Frances T.J.M.; Batterink,   Maarten H.; Omta,   S.W.F. (Onno).
The Wageningen Innovation Assessment Tool (WIAT) assesses a company’s drivers and barriers to innovation and benchmarks the critical success and failure factors of its innovation projects with data of agrifood prospector companies around the world. The present paper discusses its application in 12 multinational agrifood prospector companies in the Netherlands and France. It is concluded that WIAT by uncovering the tacit knowledge of the innovation project team creates opportunities for substantial improvement of the innovation process, and that agrifood companies should specifically pay attention to market and product related up-front activities.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Assessment tool; Agrifood prospector companies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44898

Innovativeness and Innovation: Implications for the Renewable Materials Supply Chain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Detre,   Joshua D.; Johnson,   Aaron J.; Gray,   Allan W.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovativeness; Innovation; Supply chain management; Triple bottom line; Corporate social responsibility; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Demand and Price Analysis; Financial Economics; Q10; Q27; Q42; Q47.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103983

A INOVAÇÃO E A COMPETITIVIDADE COMO FATORES DETERMINANTES NA GESTÃODAS DAS EMPRESAS - UM DESAFIO PARA AS EMPRESAS MINEIRAS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Furtado,   Renata Pedretti Morais.
The objective of the present work is to evaluate the relationship among competitiveness, globalism and inovations determined factors of technical and administrative changes in companies of Minas Gerais. It was used a qualitative research that aimed to gather data about the structure of the company; investments that were carried pit; the strength and the weakness aspects; opportunities and threats; the use of technologies and development of new products; the training processes; the abilities and the new area of knowledge relevant for the professionals; establishment of partnership; levels of exporting; the existence of investments directed to P&amp;D; the role of the state on the present process. The data were gathered in Belo Horizonte, Contagem, Betim,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Globalim; Competitiveness.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43289

Innovation Trajectories in Honduras’ Coffee Value Chain? ‐ Public and the Private Influence on the Use of new Knowledge and Technology among Coffee Growers ‐
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fromm,   Ingrid; Hartwich,   Frank; Romero,   Gustavo.
In this paper we present results from a study on the use of improved coffee production technology schemes among smallholder coffee producers in three prominent coffee producing regions in Honduras. We analyze the impact of various schemes (trajectories) in which different agents influence the producers’ decision to use new technologies. In particular, we distinguish the influence of a) private coffee buying organizations and b) government and public development agencies on the innovation behavior of coffee growers. Drawing from network data that depict the internal and outbound connectedness of producers in three village communities in main coffee producing zones in Honduras, we applied tools of social network analysis to find out how interactions with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Coffee production; Innovation; Upgrading; Social networks; Honduras; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100475

FOOD SAFETY INNOVATION IN THE UNITED STATES:  EVIDENCE FROM THE MEAT INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Golan,   Elise H.; Roberts,   Tanya; Salay,   Elisabete; Caswell,   Julie A.; Ollinger,   Michael; Moore,   Danna L.
Recent industry innovations improving the safety of the Nation's meat supply range from new pathogen tests, high-tech equipment, and supply chain management systems, to new surveillance networks. Despite these and other improvements, the market incentives that motivate private firms to invest in innovation seem to be fairly weak. Results from an ERS survey of U.S. meat and poultry slaughter and processing plants and two case studies of innovation in the U.S. beef industry reveal that the industry has developed a number of mechanisms to overcome that weakness and to stimulate investment in food safety innovation. Industry experience suggests that government policy can increase food safety innovation by reducing informational asymmetries and strengthening...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Innovation; Meat; Asymmetric information; Beef Steam Pasteurization System; Bacterial Pathogen Sampling and Testing Program; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34083

New Economy Growth Decomposition in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Adelaja,   Adesoji O.; Hailu,   Yohannes G.; Abdulla,   Majd.
The drivers of economic growth in what is called the New Economy has become an important policy question. As communities across the country face economic challenges and a new economic reality, the question of what works in the New Economy has emerged. This study aims to provide growth decomposition in the New Economy to identify key drivers of growth. It provides a conceptual, theoretical and empirical discussion of growth in the New Economy to solidify the theory and empirics of New Economy growth decomposition. Results suggest that growth in population, income and employment are mostly synergistic; innovation and talent are potent in the New Economy; population dynamics, especially in the young and retiree segment of the population are tied to local...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: New Economy; Growth decomposition; Economic policy; Talent; Innovation; Creative class; Green infrastructure; Synergistic growth; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49579

Estrategias sobre innovacion en las empresas multinacionales agroalimentarias
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rama,   Ruth; Alfranca,   Oscar; von Tunzelmann,   Nicholas.
Las multinacionales agroalimentarias son las principales innovadoras del sector agroalimentario mundial y agentes económicos fundamentales del cambio tecnológico en el sector agroalimentario español. El estudio del comportamiento innovador de las multinacionales agroalimentarias presenta interés puesto que el 50% de la tecnología relacionada mundialmente con la alimentación procede de este tipo de empresas. Basándonos en una muestra de más de 16.000 patentes concedidas, entre 1969-94, a las mayores empresas  multinacionales alimentarias y en los resultados de diversos estudios recientes, este trabajo aborda algunos de los principales aspectos de la innovación en estos importantes agentes económicos, tales como la globalización de sus actividades...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agrifood multinational; Patents; Innovation; Food industry; Agribusiness; F23; L66.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28793

Cross-European and functional food related consumer segmentation for new product development
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sparke,   Kai; Menrad,   Klaus.
Functional Food emerged as a constant segment in the European food market and offer potential for product innovations which make them attractive for the food industry in nearly stagnating markets. Target group research is one key factor for successful innovative food products. The aim of this project was to develop and test a Functional Food related consumer segmentation model. For this purpose a survey was conducted in Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland and Spain with a total of 590 respondents. Factor analysis revealed consumers' motivation to buy or to refuse Functional Food. Motives, consumers' knowledge about Functional Food, their trust towards diverse actors in the context of nutrition and their purchase pattern were used in a cluster analysis and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Functional Food; New Product Development; Innovation; Consumer Segmentation; Europe; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10084

Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation in Developing Countries: Evidence from Panel Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leger,   Andreanne.
The determinants of innovation and the role of intellectual property rights in different countries are not well understood. This paper estimates the determinants of innovation using a new panel dataset. It compares different panel estimation methods appropriate for finite size samples. Past R&amp;D investments  have a positive and significant impact on current innovation, while openness to trade has a negative and significant impact on innovation in developing countries and population size has a negative and significant impact on innovation in industrialized countries. Intellectual property protection is not significant for any of the groups. We discuss econometric issues and the policy implication of these results.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Intellectual property rights; Developing countries; Dynamic panel; General method of moments; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O30; O34; C23.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25328

Can Entrepreneurship Be Taught?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Klein,   Peter G.; Bullock,   J. Bruce.
Is entrepreneurship an innate ability or an acquired skill?  Can entrepreneurship acumen be achieved and enhanced through education and training, or are certain people “born” to be entrepreneurs or to act entrepreneurially?  Economists and management theorists give widely divergent answers to these questions.  This paper reviews the major approaches to teaching entrepreneurship, primarily at the undergraduate level, and relates them to economic theories of entrepreneurship.  Surprisingly, we find little connection between the leading approaches to entrepreneurship education and economists’ understanding of the entrepreneurial function.  We assess likely explanations for the lack of contact between these two groups of scholars and suggest possible...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Alertness; Entrepreneurship; Innovation; Opportunity identification; Resource acquisition; Uncertainty bearing; Risk and Uncertainty; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; M13; A22; O31.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43779

Potential Adoption of Genetically Modified Rapeseed in France, Effects on Revenues of Farmers and Upstream Companies: an ex ante evaluation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Desquilbet,   Marion; Lemarie,   Stephane; Levert,   Fabrice.
In this paper, we conduct an empirical investigation of potential adoption of herbicide-tolerant (HT) genetically modified (GM) rapeseed in France. Our aim is to study ex ante the potential impact of their adoption in France, in terms of adoption level, economic gains, and distribution of these gains between farmers and input suppliers. We use French survey data about current plant protection practices, in order to compute pesticide costs with conventional (i.e., non GM) crops for individual farms. Then, based on results of technical studies about GM variety trials in France, we compute a predicted pesticide cost with the GM variety. Next, we study adoption rates and gains or losses of farmers (adopters and non adopters) and upstream companies (sellers of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Innovation; Diffusion; Rapeseed; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24975

Future Agribusiness Challenges: Strategic Uncertainty, Innovation and Structural Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boehlje,   Michael; Roucan-Kane,   Maud; Broring,   Stefanie.
The IFAMR is published by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association.(IFAMA)  www.ifama.org
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Strategic uncertainty; Innovation; Structural change; Agribusiness; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Risk and Uncertainty; ISSN #: 1559-2448.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119971

New Product Development of a Yoghurt Dessert via E-Collaboration
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meixner,   Oliver; Haas,   Rainer.
The following contribution describes how an E-collaboration platform may be used within new product development. In order to develop a new dairy product (a yoghurt dessert), a leading Austrian dairy co-operated with representatives from the Austrian University of Natural Resources and Applied Live Sciences Vienna and other experts by use of a specific E-collaboration platform. The main aim of the project was the preparation of innovative product concepts. All necessary data and documents concerning consumer behaviour, market trends, product features etc. were distributed via a closed E-collaboration platform. The participants worked together for about half a year; however, only two personal meetings were necessary, all other communication processes (also...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; New product development; Dairy industry; E-collaboration; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49882

At Home and Abroad: An Empirical Analysis of Innovation and Diffusion in Energy-Efficient Technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Verdolini,   Elena; Galeotti,   Marzio.
This paper contributes to the induced innovation literature by extending the analysis of supply and demand determinants of innovation in energy-efficient technologies to account for international knowledge flows and spillovers. In the first part of the paper we select a sample of 38 innovating countries and we study how knowledge related to energy-efficient technologies flows across geographical and technological space. We demonstrate that higher geographical and technological distances are associated with a lower probability of knowledge flow. In the second part of the paper, we use our previous estimates to construct stocks of internal and external knowledge for a panel of 17 countries and present an econometric analysis of the supply and demand...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Technology Diffusion; Knowledge Spillovers; Energy-Efficient Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O33; Q55; C13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56216

Innovation Behaviour At Farm Level – Selection And Identification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sauer,   Johannes; Zilberman,   David.
Using a squential logit model and a mixed-effects logistic regression approach this empirical study investigates factors for the adoption of automatic milking technology (AMS) at the farm level accounting for problems of sequential sample selection and behaviour identification. The results suggest the importance of the farmer’s risk perception, significant effects of peer-group behaviour, and a positive impact of previous innovation experiences.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Dairy Farming; Sample Selection; Mixed-Effects Modelling.; Marketing; D21; Q12; C5.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51073

Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings from a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spielman,   David J.; Davis,   Kristin E.; Negash,   Martha; Ayele,   Gezahegn.
Agriculture in Ethiopia is changing. New players, relationships, and policies are influencing how smallholders access and use information and knowledge. Although this growing complexity suggests opportunities for Ethiopian smallholders, too little is known about how these opportunities can be effectively leveraged to promote pro-poor processes of rural innovation. This paper examines Ethiopia’s smallholder agricultural sector to provide qualitative insights into the interactions between smallholders and other actors in the agricultural sector and the contribution those interactions make to the smallholders’ innovation processes. Case studies of smallholder innovation networks in 10 communities suggest that public sector extension and administration exert a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Ethiopia; Agricultural Development; Innovation; Technology; Social Networks; Social Learning; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42332

Innovation Histories: A method from learning from experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Douthwaite,   Boru; Ashby,   Jacqueline.
Preparing an ‘innovation history’ is a method for recording and reflecting on an innovation process. People who have been involved in the innovation jointly construct a detailed written account (sometimes referred to as a ‘learning history’) based on their recollections and on available documents. The process of preparing this history stimulates discussion, reflection and learning amongst stakeholders. Subsequent planning can build on the lessons learned, formulate a shared vision and act as a catalyst for change. Based on the initial detailed account of the innovation process, more concise informational products can be prepared that summarize the innovation process for wider dissemination of findings. These may include public awareness materials, policy...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Histories; Learning; Change; ILAC; Agricultural and Food Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52515

Network Experiences Lead to the Adaption of a Firm’s Network Competence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kuhne,   Bianka; Cochez,   Carl; Gellynck,   Xavier.
Networks become increasingly important as external sources of innovation for firms. Through networks firms get in contact with different actors with whom they can exchange information and collaborate. A firm’s ability to be a successful network actor depends on its network competence. This term can be defined as having the necessary knowledge, skills and qualifications for networking as well as using them effectively. In this paper we investigate the link between a firm’s network competence and the benefits resulting from it in a two-way direction. First, the network competence of the firm facilitates the adoption of information from other network actors which may lead to innovation success. Second the perceived network benefits shall in their turn...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Network competence; Innovation; Network management; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121852

The TRIPS Disagreement: Should GATT Traditions Have Been Abandoned?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gaisford,   James D.; Richardson,   R. Stephen.
The world standards for patents and copyrights established by the Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) have been controversial from their inception. This article establishes parallels between cooperative increases in the duration of intellectual property protection and cooperative reductions in tariff protection. Whereas a country’s tariffs lead to unintended harm to other countries, its intellectual property protection generates unintended benefits. The long-established GATT principle of trade liberalization has traditionally achieved mutual gains for countries of all types through symmetric tariff rate cuts that result in different final rates. By contrast, the TRIPS agreement created the likelihood of losses for developing...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Copyrights; Innovation; Intellectual property; Patents; Trade-related intellectual property rights; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23839

Predicament and development of agricultural insurance in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tian,   Ai-jun.
Starting from the predicament for agricultural insurance development in China, we use the principle of economics and game theory to analyze the causation of the difficulty in developing agricultural insurance based on apprehending the connotation of agricultural insurance. And related countermeasures and suggestions on how to get through difficult situation and revitalize agricultural insurance are put forward.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural insurance; Shrinking; Innovation; China; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53472

Innovative capacity and productivity: an empirical analysis of Australian grain growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nossal,   Katarina.
Slowing productivity growth in the Australian grains industry has led to calls for increasing investment in rural R&amp;D to advance agricultural technology. However, recent research also suggests there is strong potential to increase productivity by enhancing uptake of existing innovations. The productivity gains from innovation adoption are likely to depend on the capacity of farmers to effectively select, adapt and integrate innovations into existing farming systems. In this paper, the innovative capacity of grain growers is characterised by variables related to the farm, the farmer and their operating environment. The influence of these factors on on-­‐farm innovation adoption is tested using an ordered probit model. The relationship between innovative...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Grain growers; Ordered probit; Productivity; Crop Production/Industries; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124353

Adjustment and Differences in Farm Performance - a Farm Management Perspective from the Netherlands
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Poppe,   Krijn J.; van Meijl,   Hans.
There are differences in performance between farmers. In the Netherlands this has been a major topic of research for at least 30 years. Research has shown that the managerial capacities of farmers play a major role in differences in economic and environmental performance. Management can be measured and the optimal level is not the maximum level. Farmers differ in their objectives, competences and local external situation and therefore their strategies. These strategies can be identified. In recent years strategic management has become more important and this can be supported with consultancy. Farmers also differ in their adoption and innovation behaviour. These micro economic results, that correlate with large differences in income and high prices of fixed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Adjustment; Income differences; Innovation; Farm management; Performance; Farm Management.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15765

Is organic farming a chance for family farms to survive?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferto,   Imre; Forgacs,   Csaba.
The paper investigates the choice between conventional and organic production technologies for individual farmers in Hungarian agriculture. We employ sequential logit model on a cross-section data set of Hungarian farmers for the period 2007. Our estimations reveal that age of farmers has negative, whilst being full time farmers and having more diversified production structure have positive impact on the intention for being organic farmers. Furthermore, it appears that education, being full time farmers and more diversified production structure positively influence the final decision between conventional and organic farming.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90800

INNOVATION CO-OPERATION MODES IN HUNGARIAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lanyi,   Beatrix.
Innovation is becoming a fundamental tool of competitiveness of firms and economies. It is especially relevant in research intensive branches. Chemical industry belongs to one of the most innovative branches in Hungary. As innovation requires significant financial and knowledge resources company co-operations are crucial in carrying out a successful innovation by minimizing the costs and risks in the process. With the increasing number of collaborations the types and modes of co-operations are proliferating as well.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Co-operation; Chemical industry; Innovation networks; Hungary.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L65; O31.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94563

Formal Food-related Networks in Ireland: A Case Study Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Henchion,   Maeve M.; Sorenson,   Douglas.
Strategic networking is of crucial importance for innovation in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) as it enables these companies access external resources and overcome internal constraints. However, SMEs often lack the skills and competencies to engage in and benefit from networks. Consequently SMEs often fail in establishing strategic and efficient networks. To date, there is limited guidance available on the optimal design of such networks. Furthermore, limited guidance is available on the number of networks, and level of engagement therein, that companies should be involved with. Using case studies across a range of formal networks within the food sector in Ireland, insights into the success factors and barriers to network learning are presented,...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Case study analysis; Formal networks; Food SMEs; Innovation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121955

Food Innovation and Market Risk: A Case Study of the Interface Consumer Food Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Briz,   Julian; de Carlos,   Pilar; de Felipe,   Isabel; Garcia Martinez,   Marian; Morais,   Federico.
Western society is suffering an increasing risk regarding the food chain for several reasons. Longer geographical distances between producers and consumers, more stakeholders in the supply chain, less capacity of national governments to regulate and protect consumers due to globalisation and the liberalization process, with pressure to innovate and increase competitively.. During the period 2004-06, there is being carried out a research project in Spain, coordinated by the Polytechnic University of Madrid and sponsored by INIA. The goal is to understand the consumer behaviour identifying the attributes of food products and to transmit the results to the food industry entrepreneurs, in order to increase their efficiency in innovation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Market risk; Food industry; Consumer attitude; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7732

Is organic farming a chance for family farms to survive?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferto,   Imre; Forgacs,   Csaba.
The paper investigates the choice between conventional and organic production technologies for individual farmers in Hungarian agriculture. We employ sequential logit model on a cross-section data set of Hungarian farmers for the period 2007. Our estimations reveal that age of farmers has negative, whilst being full time farmers and having more diversified production structure have positive impact on the intention for being organic farmers. Furthermore, it appears that education, being full time farmers and more diversified production structure positively influence the final decision between conventional and organic farming.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52862

DETERMINANTS OF FOOD INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE –  SURVEY DATA AND REGRESSIONS FOR DENMARK
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Furtan,   William Hartley; Sauer,   Johannes.
This  paper  investigates  empirically  the  determinants  of  firms’  performance  in  the  agrifood  sector by using recent survey data for Denmark. Treating sales per employee as a proxy for  value  added  we  estimate  several  bootstrapped  regression  models  to  draw  conclusions  on  the  marginal effects of potential performance determinants such as the form and nature of ownership,  stage  of  the  food  chain  and  commodity  sector,  new  product  development,  staff  quality,  firms’  competitive stance, and elements of firms’ strategy. To draw robust inferences we apply, besides  the  ordinary  heteroscedasticity  corrected  Tobit  ML-estimator,  a  nonparametric  least  absolute  deviations estimator (LAD/CLAD) based on a quantile regression...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Value added; Innovation; Organizational type; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q13; O31; O33.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36851

Human Capital, Innovation, and Climate Policy: An Integrated Assessment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Carraro,   Carlo; De Cian,   Enrica; Tavoni,   Massimo.
This paper looks at the interplay between human capital and innovation in the presence of climate and educational policies. Using recent empirical estimates, human capital and general purpose R&amp;D are introduced in an integrated assessment model that has been extensively applied to study climate change mitigation. Our results suggest that climate policy stimulates general purpose as well as clean energy R&amp;D but reduces the incentive to invest in human capital formation. Human capital increases the productivity of labour and the complementarity between labour and energy drives its pollution-using effect (direct effect). When human capital is an essential input in the production of generic and energy dedicated  knowledge, the crowding out induced by...
Tipo: Working Paper
Palavras-chave: Climate Policy; Innovation; Human capital; Environmental Economics and Policy; O33; O41; Q43.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122861

The minimis aid, a possible alternative for supplementing the budgets of SMEes for enhancing competitiveness through the capacity of innovation - the Romanian case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tudor,   Florin.
The latest Scoreboard of the European Commission regarding the state aid shows that the Member States are using increasingly more opportunities offered by EU rules on state aid. This paper comes to clarify the benefits of accessing the minimis aid by traders, as capital contributions, guarantees, risk capital measures in the innovation process, to create a new product, introducing a new method of manufacturing, entering in a new market or creating a new market, calling for a new raw material.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; The minimis aid; Financial crisis; Competitiveness.; International Development; G38; O31.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94637

On the Uneven Distribution of Innovative Capabilities and Why That Matters for Research, Extension and Development Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ekboir,   Javier M.; Munoz,   Manrrubio; Aguilar,   Jorge; Mendel,   Roberto Rendon; Muniz,   Jose G. Garcia; Cardenas,   J. Reyes Altamirano.
Agricultural development policies and programs, including extension and support for innovation, implicitly assume that the whole target population has the ability to innovate. Recent research in neuroscience, education, social sciences and psychology has shown that innovative capabilities are distributed very unevenly. We explored the distribution of innovative capabilities and the ability to integrate a technological package in a sample of commercial lemon producers in Mexico. We have found that the ability to explore new techniques is different from the ability to integrate an efficient production and commercial package. The ability to explore follows an exponential distribution while integration of the package follows a bimodal distribution. The ability...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Exploration; Participatory research; Creativity; Absorptive capabilities; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56126

Collective Action for Innovation and Small Farmer Market Access: The Papa Andina Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Devaux,   Andre; Velasco,   Claudio; Lopez,   Gaston; Bernet,   Thomas; Ordinola,   Miguel; Pico,   Hernan; Thiele,   Graham; Horton,   Douglas.
The Andean highlands are home to some of the poorest rural households in South America. Native potato varieties and local knowledge for their cultivation and use are unique resources possessed by farmers in these areas. As the forces of globalization and market integration penetrate the Andes, they present both challenges and opportunities for farmers there. This paper reports on how the Papa Andina Regional Initiative is promoting the use of collective action to reduce poverty in the Andes, by developing market niches and adding value to potatoes, particularly the native potatoes grown by poor farmers. Since 1998, Papa Andina has worked with partners in Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru to stimulate pro-poor innovation within market chains for potato-based...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Collective action; Potatoes; Andean region; Participatory methods; Market chains; Innovation; Stakeholder platform; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47909

An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System 2011
Provedor de dados: 31
This 2011 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide:  an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system;  a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and  background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system.  Charts and tables with brief accompanying texts are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators.  The 2011 report begins with a special feature that provides a description of young farmers in Canada including their numbers by farm size, province and farm...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agri-food; R&amp;D; Consumers; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Young farmers; Farm typology; Income; Government support; Trade; Productivity; Food processing; Food manufacturing; Environment; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103047

Political Persistence, Connections and Economic Growth
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bellettini,   Giorgio; Berti Ceroni,   Carlotta; Prarolo,   Giovanni.
Using data on a panel of 56 democratic countries in the period 1975-2004, we find evidence of a negative association between political stability and economic growth which is stronger and empirically more robust in countries with high bureaucratic costs. Motivated by these results, which contrast with previous contributions, we develop a model of growth with quality improvements where political connections with long-term politicians can be exploited by low-quality producers to defend their monopoly position and prevent innovation and entry of high-quality competitors. This requires that the incumbent politician remains in office and that the red-tape cost advantage granted by political connections is large relative to the quality upgrade related to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Political Persistence; Growth; Innovation; International Development; O43.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55828

Parallel Imports and Innovation in an Emerging Economy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mantovani,   Andrea; Naghavi,   Alireza.
This paper studies the consequences of parallel import (PI) on process innovation of firms heterogeneous in their production technology. In an international setting where foreign markets differ with respect to their intellectual property rights regime, a move by a technologically inferior firm to exploit a new unregulated market can result in imitation and PI. The impact of PI on innovation is determined by the degree of heterogeneity between firms and trade costs. Increasing trade costs shifts from the market share losses brought by PI from the more to the less productive firm. This induces the former to invest more in R&amp;D. At this point, sales in the foreign market become a determinant of the R&amp;D decision by the technologically inferior firm. For...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Intellectual Property Rights; Parallel Imports; Innovation; Trade Costs; Welfare; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; F12; F13; L11.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60688

The Effect of Innovation on Agricultural and Agri-food Exports in OECD Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ghazalian,   Pascal L.; Furtan,   William Hartley.
This paper investigates the effect of innovation on primary agricultural and processed food product exports among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries.  A theoretical gravity equation that accounts for innovation is derived.  The empirical exercise uses panel data sets covering 21 OECD countries for the period 1990-2003.  The R&amp;D capital stock is employed as a tangible way of measuring innovation.  Empirical results show that R&amp;D has enhanced exports in the primary agricultural sector.  Meanwhile, the market expansion effect of R&amp;D appears to be more than offset by the market power effect in the food processing sector, resulting in a decrease in exports.  Also, evidence was found of a positive vertical...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Food; Gravity equation; Innovation; OECD; R&amp;D; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7075

Fiddling while carbon burns: why climate policy needs emission pervasive pricing as well as technology promotion
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pezzey,   John C.V.; Jotzo,   Frank; Quiggin,   John C.
Effective climate policy requires global emissions of greenhouse gases to be cut substantially, which in energy sectors can be achieved by lower emissions supply technologies, greater energy use efficiency, and substitution in demand. For policy to be efficient requires fairly uniform, pervasive emission pricing from taxes, permit trading, or hybrid combinations of the two, as well as significant government support for low-emission technologies. We compare the kind of technology-focused climate policies currently adopted by Australia and the USA, the ‘'Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate'’ (AP6), against this ideal policy yardstick. We find they omit the need for emission pricing to achieve abatement effectively and efficiently; they...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Greenhouse gas emissions; Abatement; Emission taxes; Emissions trading; Technology policy; Innovation; Asia-Pacific Partnership; AP6; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10395

CHALLENGES FOR THE FLEMISH AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES TO SUPPORT AN INNOVATIVE AND COMPETITIVE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vuylsteke,   Anne; Van Gijseghem,   Dirk.
Agriculture is faced by permanent evolution and it is expected that this trend will continue in the next decennium. The question is what challenges lie ahead and which types of agricultural research can support the sector in order to retain its competitive power by the year 2020. To address this issue, a multi-stakeholder and multi-disciplinary process was initiated in Flanders. The process outcomes learn that two types of action are needed. Firstly, there is need for a focused knowledge production in 5 thematic fields. Central issues hereby are an efficient agriculture, the broadening of the value creation model of agriculture and the increasing sustainability of production. Secondly, efforts should be made to improve the organisation of research with...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Research organisation; Knowledge networks; Innovation; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57419

On the Segregation of Genetically Modified, Conventional, and Organic Products in European Agriculture: A Multi-market Equilibrium Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moschini,   GianCarlo; Bulut,   Harun; Cembalo,   Luigi.
Evaluating the possible benefits of the introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops must address the issue of consumer resistance as well as the complex regulation that has ensued. In the European Union (EU) this regulation envisions the "co-existence" of GM food with conventional and quality-enhanced products, mandates the labelling and traceability of GM products, and allows only a stringent adventitious presence of GM content in other products. All these elements are brought together within a partial equilibrium model of the EU agricultural food sector. The model comprises conventional, GM and organic food. Demand is modelled in a novel fashion, whereby organic and conventional products are treated as horizontally differentiated but GM products are...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Differentiated demand; Genetically modified crops; Identity preservation; Innovation; Welfare; Production Economics.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18531

Who pays the costs of non-GMO segregation and identity preservation?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Desquilbet,   Marion; Bullock,   David S.
This paper proposes an analytical framework to examine the market and welfare impacts of GMOs, when some consumers refuse genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and when two supply channels are segregated (one for goods that containing GMOs and one for non-genetically-modified identity-preserved goods). Our analytical framework begins at the level of individual farmers, handlers and consumers, to build up market supply and demand functions. This allows us to circumvent the difficulties of conducting supply and demand analysis in the different horizontally and vertically related markets concerned by GMOs and market segregation. We represent explicitly the costs of non-GMO segregation and identity preservation (IP) for both producers of non-GM IP goods and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified organisms; Consumers'; Non genetically modified product; Segregation; Innovation; Multi-market analysis; Consumer/Household Economics.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24973

Public-private partnerships for innovation-led growth in agrichains: A useful tool for development in Latin America?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hartwich,   Frank; Gonzalez,   Carolina; Vieira,   Luis-Fernando.
Public-private partnerships have become increasingly important as an arrangement that serves to encourage innovation in agricultural production chains in Latin America. However, some observers have expressed concern that this institutional arrangement may mostly favor the interests of the private sector without producing sufficient social benefits for the public. This paper presents the results of a study of 124 cases of public-private partnerships in agricultural innovation in nine countries in Latin America. The data from the study suggest that the partnership concept is used to generate agricultural innovations in many different ways, involving public research and private entities to varying degrees and focusing on different types of agricultural...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Public-private partnerships; Agricultural research; Innovation; Agrichains; Latin America; Agricultural production; Case studies; Agribusiness; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59693

THE CHOICE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING. A HUNGARIAN EXAMPLE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferto,   Imre; Forgacs,   Csaba.
The paper deals with organic produce in one of the largest and, concerning organic production one of the most diffused counties in Hungary, Pest County located in the north-central part of the country. Factors influencing farmers’ decision on adopting or not e.g. farm size, farm type, location, structure, market for organic products, existence of organic AEM were analysed. Hypotheses based on previous empirical literature were tested by a model explicitly accounting for the effects of farm-specific variables like age, education, size of farms and share of rented land. Logit model was estimated on a cross-section data set of Hungarian farmers for the period 2007. It appears that education has a positive impact on the choice between conventional and organic...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agri-environmental measures; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53568

Modeling Agricultural Innovation in a Rapidly Developing Country:  The Case of Chinese Pesticide Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shi,   Guanming; Pray,   Carl E.
Technology and innovation play an increasingly important role in the economic development of both developed and developing countries. We investigate how policy and market factors influence firms’ (or other potential innovators’) decisions on innovation or imitation by developing a conceptual model and then empirically testing it using pesticide innovation data from a rapidly developing country, China. We find that the government encouraged local innovation by opening regions to more international trade, more investment in public research and education, strengthening intellectual property right (IPR) enforcement, and limiting the role of foreign inventors. However, the role of the extension of patent life in the early 1990s has little impact. Theory and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Pesticide; China; Patent; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31; O34; O38.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103744

Artificial intelligence in seeding density optimization and yield simulation for oat
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Dornelles,Eldair F.; Kraisig,Adriana R.; Silva,José A. G. da; Sawicki,Sandro; Roos-Frantz,Fabricia; Carbonera,Roberto.
ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence may represent an efficient strategy for simulation and optimization of important processes in agriculture. The main goal of the study is to propose the use of artificial intelligence, namely artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, respectively, in the simulation of oat grain yield and optimization of seeding density, considering the main succession systems of southern Brazil. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replicates, following a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, for seeding densities (100, 300, 600 and 900 seeds m-2) and oat cultivars (Brisasul and URS Taura), in succession systems of corn/oats and soybean/oats. A multi-layered artificial neural network and a genetic algorithm were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Avena sativa; Artificial neural networks; Genetic algorithms; Innovation.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018000300183

Innovation and entrepreneurship in scientific research
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Carrer,Celso da Costa; Plonski,Guilherme Ary; Carrer,Célia Regina Orlandelli; Oliveira,Celso Eduardo Lins de.
This research wants to lay emphasis on topics that historicize and rescue concepts, in addition, shows the relation between innovation and socioeconomic development resulted; reviews the legal framework to stimulate new innovation into Brazilian society; considers the definition and the entrepreneur university's new paradigm; and finally, this research highlights the importance of teaching entrepreneur at universities, with straight society benefits. The results suggests that innovation is directly enrolled with a successful development of certain society, as well, is actually the biggest business competitive differential into corporative universe. In one way of getting results of social advancement to inform entrepreneur research practice, it appears that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Entrepreneurship; Entrepreneur university; Innovation; Research and development; Science and technology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001300003

The Brazilian Wine Industry: a case study on geographical proximity and innovation dynamics
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Farias,Claudio Vinicius Silva; Tatsch,Ana Lúcia.
This paper aims to analyze the cooperation and learning processes in the local system of vitiviniculture production of Serra Gaúcha's region (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), in order to characterize the dynamics of innovation of the firms located there. In methodological terms, a non-probabilistic exploratory study has been conducted. Field research in 20 wineries as well as interviews with related organizations were carried out in order to understand which learning mechanisms support innovative strategies adopted by enterprises. Since learning processes are also the result of local interactions, it was necessary to understand whether these interactions produced cooperative links. The results showed that innovations made by the firms were basically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Learning; Innovation; Cooperation; Local production systems; Clusters; Vitiviniculture.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032014000300006

Does the Geographical Proximity Matter in Knowledge and Information Flow? A study about wine cluster in the Southern region of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Ruffoni,Janaína; Tatsch,Ana Lúcia; Stefani,Rafael; Schaeffer,Paola Rücker; Grings,Lenise Gessí.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze technological knowledge and information flows intra and extra-cluster, as well as the cognitive roles the firms play. It was decided to investigate such flows among firms and institutions that compose the wine cluster of Vale dos Vinhedos, mountain region of Rio Grande do Sul, responsible for approximately 90% of the national wine production. The social network method was used for this article. As main results, it is highlighted: the information flow has a distinct dynamic from the technological knowledge flow established among firms; they play different cognitive roles in the identified technological knowledge network; great part of the connections established is with companies from the cluster itself; and the search...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Knowledge and information flows; Firms’ cognitive roles; Social network.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032017000300569

นวัตกรรมสแนคข้าวโพดสีม่วงสุขภาพด้วยกระบวนการเอกซ์ทรูชัน
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Chulaluck Charunuch; Nipat Limsangouan; Waraporn  Prasert; Ngamjit Lowithun; Pisut  Butsuwan.
As a result of providing health benefits in direct expansion snack to differentiate  from most of commercial product which raw materials based on starch components, purple corn was used as based ingredient to obtain functional snack from extrusion process. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of screw speed (300, 350 and 400 rpm), barrel temperature: H6 (130, 140, and 150 ◦c) and feed moisture (14.5, 16.5 and 18.5%) on the physical and functional properties of extrudates in snack production using response surface methodology(RSM) and box-behnken experimental design. The results had shown high correlations coefficients(R 2) of multiple regression  equations about the relationship among product responses and process variables and no significant...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Purple corn; Health snack; Innovation; Extrusion; Anthocyanin; ข้าวโพดสีม่วง; อาหารขบเคี้ยว; สแนคสุขภาพ; กระบวนการเอกซ์ทรูชัน; แอนโทไซยานิน; นวัตกรรม; คุณสมบัติทางกายภาพ.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5134

Brazilian Scientific Mobility Program - Science without Borders - Preliminary Results and Perspectives
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: MCMANUS,CONCEPTA; NOBRE,CARLOS A.
ABSTRACT The Brazilian Scientific Mobility Program - Science without Borders (SwB) - saw the concession of over 101 thousand scholarships for Brazilian STEM students and education professionals to attend universities worldwide. As the first phase of this program ends, it is time to take a first look at its impacts, mainly on the undergraduate student body (79% of total scholarships implemented). Benefits included a 6-month language course (optional), a one year undergraduate course and optional 2 month internship in a university, government laboratory or technology company. Positive impacts have been seen on entrance into post-graduate programs (&gt;20% of SwB students compared to &lt;5% of the overall student body of similar fields), as well as high...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Internationalization; Scholarships; Social impact; STEM areas.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000200773

The positive moderating effect of absorptive capacity on R&amp;amp;D investment: the case of Argentina’s ict firms
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: AGRAMUNT,LUIS FELIPE; BERBEL-PINEDA,JUAN M.
Abstract The model analyzes the positive moderating role of absorptive capacity (ACAP) in the innovative outcomes of the firms. It focuses on ACAP as a moderating variable of the innovative efforts that firms develop or have the chance of incorporating from outside and not just as an antecedent of the innovation results. The empirical evidence collected comes from a study conducted on 189 SMEs working in IT services in Argentina and the results prove the main hypothesis of how ACAP is a positive moderating factor of the innovative effort of firms, even in the case of the connections created by their the participation in international networks not having a high correlation. Some suggestions for policymaker managers and future lines of research are provided.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Absorptive capacity; Innovation; Internationalization; Networks; Innovative result.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000603207

Assessing new strategies for TB diagnosis in low- and middle-income countries
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Kritski,Afrânio; Fujiwara,Paula I.; Vieira,Maria Armanda; Netto,Antonio Ruffino; Oliveira,Martha Maria; Huf,Gisele; Squire,S. Bertel.
In this manuscript, we report the current situation of tuberculosis globally and in Brazil, the need for new strategies toward tuberculosis control, focusing on new diagnostic technologies. Critical comments are given on the state of the art regarding the evaluation of new health technologies, degree of scientific evidence needed, evaluation of clinical impact, cost-effectiveness of incorporation into the health system and the social impact.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Diagnostics; Impact; Evidence; Policy; Innovation; Regulatory agency.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000200015

Innovation in the agricultural sector: Experiences in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Chávez,Ricardo X; Lombeida,Emma D; Pazmiño,Álvaro M; Vasconez,Flora del C.
This article is about the evolution of the agrarian sciences and how innovation plays a crucial role in its development. It also notes how not all innovations have had a positive impact on ecosystems and biodiversity. Such is the case for the relentless advancement of agro-industrial production, which oriented toward obtaining more efficiency and profits, and supported by monocultivation and transgenic varieties through intensive and extensive cultivation. Different alternatives that involve the application of present and ancient knowledge must be used to achieve food sovereignty and safety, based on multidisciplinary knowledge, co-production between public Universities, different types of small-scale farmer and research centers supported by inclusive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agro-ecology; Agronomy; Food sovereignty and safety; Innovation; Technology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300016

Determinants in value appropriation in smallholder farming innovations
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Baggio,Claiton Alorenus; Kuhl,Marcos Roberto.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to analyze the relationships between the determinants of value appropriation and the innovation strategies in smallholder farming. A survey was conducted with 199 smallholders in the municipality of Guarapuava, in the state of Paraná (PR), Brazil. This quantitative study analyzes data through descriptive statistics and correlation. Results showed that, in general, farmers do not access the determinants of value appropriation through innovation. However, access to government programs aimed commercialization and cooperativism demonstrating a relationship with the determinants of appropriation of value created by innovation. This study contributed to the understanding of mechanisms that allow farmers to obtain better results through...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Complementary assets; Smallholder farming.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000300901