Consulta: creatorFacets:"Pernet, Fabrice"
Registros recuperados: 76
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 02:43:36

Salinity influences disease-induced mortality of the oyster Crassostrea gigas and infectivity of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fuhrmann, Marine; Petton, Bruno; Quillien, Virgile; Faury, Nicole; Morga, Benjamin; Pernet, Fabrice.
Mortality of young Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas associated with the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) is occurring worldwide. Here, we examined for the first time the effect of salinity on OsHV-1 transmission and disease-related mortality of C. gigas, as well as salinity-related effects on the pathogen itself. To obtain donors for OsHV-1 transmission, we transferred laboratory-raised oysters to an estuary during a disease outbreak and then back to the laboratory. Oysters that tested OsHV-1 positive were placed in seawater tanks (35‰, 21°C). Water from these tanks was used to infect naïve oysters in 2 experimental setups: (1) oysters acclimated or non-acclimated to a salinity of 10, 15, 25 and 35‰ and (2) oysters acclimated to a salinity of 25‰; the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Herpesviridae; Infection; Disease transmission; Risk analysis.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00350/46100/45781.pdf

Lipid remodelling in the reef-building honeycomb worm, Sabellaria alveolata, reflects acclimation and local adaptation to temperature
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Muir, Anna; Nunes, Flavia; Dubois, Stanislas; Pernet, Fabrice.
Acclimation and adaptation, which are key to species survival in a changing climate, can be observed in terms of membrane lipid composition. Remodelling membrane lipids, via homeoviscous adaptation (HVA), counteracts membrane dysfunction due to temperature in poikilotherms. In order to assess the potential for acclimation and adaptation in the honeycomb worm, Sabellaria alveolata, a reef-building polychaete that supports high biodiversity, we carried out common-garden experiments using individuals from along its latitudinal range. Individuals were exposed to a stepwise temperature increase from 15 °C to 25 °C and membrane lipid composition assessed. Our results suggest that S. alveolata was able to acclimate to higher temperatures, as observed by a...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00354/46551/46361.pdf

Connectivities with shellfish farms and channel rivers are associated with mortality risk in oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gangnery, Aline; Normand, Julien; Duval, Cyrielle; Cugier, Philippe; Grangeré, Karine; Petton, Bruno; Petton, Sebastien; Orvain, Francis; Pernet, Fabrice.
Oyster diseases have major consequences on fisheries and aquaculture. In France, young Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas are severely hit by the ostreid herpesvirus, whereas adults suffer mortalities presumably caused by pathogenic bacteria. Here we investigated the origin and spread of mortalities that affect both young and adult oysters, and we identified and compared their risk factors. Mortality was monitored in 2 age classes of oysters deployed in early spring at 39 sites spread over a 37 km2 surface area inside and outside of shellfish farms. Environmental data obtained from numerical modelling were used to investigate risk factors. Mortality of young oysters associated with ostreid herpesvirus occurred in the oyster farming area. Hydrodynamic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Bivalve; Disease; Epidemiology and health; Ecological modelling; Hydrodynamic connectivity.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00588/69983/67896.pdf

Competition for food reduces disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lugue, Klervi; Petton, Bruno.
Competition between organisms interfere in host and pathogen dynamics in ways that are difficult to predict. By one side, competitors can reduce the food supply and cause nutritional stress. Such stress could further modulate the susceptibility to infection by altering immune response or metabolic rate of the host. Alternatively, competitors may trap pathogens before they reach the focal host, and therefore reduce, enhance, or have no effect on infection according to the competitor's susceptibility to the infection. To better understand how competition influences host and pathogen interactions, we experimentally assessed the relative importance of competition for pathogens and resources on the severity of a viral disease infecting the Pacific oyster...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Competition; Crassostrea gigas; Disease ecology; Filtration; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Pathogen.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80375/83493.pdf

Larval recruitement of Crassostrea gigas in a french Mediterranean lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lagarde, Franck; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Perignon, Adeline; Mortreux, Serge; Fuhrmann, Marine; Le Gall, Patrik; Leurion, Axel; Chiantella, Claude; Bec, Beatrice; Roques, Cecile; Bonnet, Delphine; Cochet, Helene; Boj, Marie; Gervasoni, Erika; Miron, Gilles; Fiandrino, Annie; Pouvreau, Stephane; Pernet, Fabrice.
We bring new items in connection with the origins of the natural recruitment variability of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in Thau lagoon. A poor relationship between " number of larvae" and "number of spat" in 2012 shows a biological lock around oysterculture areas during the metamorphosis in spite of better success of recruitment outside shellfish farming zone. A comprehensive analysis of environmental factors effects and the development of prognosis tools are planned to assist oysterfarmers in rationalization of natural oyster recruitment around Mediterranean lagoon.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00165/27653/25822.pdf

Lipid requirements of the scallop Pecten maximus (L.) during larval and post-larval development in relation to addition of Rhodomonas sauna in diet
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagne, Renee; Tremblay, Rejean; Pernet, Fabrice; Miner, Philippe; Samain, Jean-francois; Olivier, Frederic.
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of Rhodomonas salina in the diet of Pecten maximus on growth, survival and metamorphosis success in relation to biochemical content. Food quality is an essential factor in the success of larval, post-larval and juvenile development. A diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids present an advantage for growth, survival and metamorphosis success. Larvae and post-larvae fed with the diet containing R. sauna showed a higher accumulation of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and generally a lower concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3). Addition of R. sauna in diet was related with higher level of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) in larval stages, but lower level in post-larvae. Addition...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nutrition; Biochemical characteristics; Fatty acids; Sterol profiles.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13045/10205.pdf

Connecting organic to mineral: How the physiological state of an ecosystem-engineer is linked to its habitat structure
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Curd, Amelia; Pernet, Fabrice; Corporeau, Charlotte; Delisle, Lizenn; Firth, Louise B.; Nunes, Flavia; Dubois, Stanislas.
The honeycomb worm Sabellaria alveolata is capable of building extensive bioconstructions, including what are currently considered Europe’s largest biogenic reefs. The size and volume of these bioconstructions, however, vary greatly, such that not all habitats engineered by S. alveolata may be easily identified as reefs. Given that European environmental legislation protects marine habitats that are classified as “reefs”, it is important to identity a clear set of definition criteria. Furthermore, quantifiable and unequivocal criteria are also needed to evaluate the ecological (health) state of these reefs, in order to best monitor and protect them. Here we propose new terminology to describe the physical appearance of these bioconstructions and attempt to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biochemical indicators; Health; Ecological status; Sabellaria alveolata; Biogcnic reef; Engineer species.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00464/57608/60175.pdf

Suivi national des mortalités au stade naissain d'un lot témoin et d'un lot à survie améliorée pour Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Degremont, Lionel; Maurouard, Elise; Nourry, Max; Seugnet, Jean-luc; Bedier, Edouard; Fleury, Elodie; Langlade, Aime; Pernet, Fabrice; Pouvreau, Stephane; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Normand, Julien; D'Amico, Florence; Rumebe, Myriam; Cantin, Christian; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Baud, Jean-pierre; Cochennec-laureau, Nathalie; Gervasoni, Erika; Pelissier, Pablo.
Ce rapport présente la comparaison des mortalités de deux lots de naissains de Crassostrea gigas dans plusieurs bassins conchylicoles et déterminer le gain de survie obtenu par la sélection pour des huîtres diploïdes
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas; Sélection génétique; Naissain.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00065/17644/15180.pdf

Proteomic signatures of the oyster metabolic response to herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar infection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Corporeau, Charlotte; Tamayo, David; Pernet, Fabrice; Quere, Claudie; Madec, Stephanie.
Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were inoculated with OsHV-1 at low load (control) or high load (challenged) to better understand the pathogenesis of ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) and to determine which metabolic pathways might be affected during infection. Animals were sampled for proteomic analysis two days post-injection, at the same time as OsHV-1 initiated an intense replication phase in challenged oysters. Twenty-five abundant protein spots that showed a marked change in accumulated levels were identified using a two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) proteomic approach. Overall, these proteins are involved in cytoskeleton organization, protein turnover, induction of stress signals, signalling pathways and energy metabolism. Challenged oysters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marine bivalves; Crassostrea gigas; Herpesvirus; Metabolism; Warburg.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31035/29439.pdf

Effet de traitements thermiques sur la résistance du naissain d’huître creuse au phénomène de mortalité massive - THERMARES
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Petton, Bruno; Tamayo, David.
L’objectif de cette étude vise à déterminer l’effet de basses températures (10°C et 13°C) pendant des durées variables (0 et 80 jours) sur la survie du naissain d’huîtres creuses préalablement infecté suite à une exposition en rade de Brest pendant 5 ou 8 jours.  Le naissain d’huître creuse préalablement infecté par OsHV-1 µvar par exposition en milieu naturel pendant 5 d ou 8 d, puis transféré à basse température (10°C ou 13°C) pendant 5 à 80 d, présente des mortalités plus faibles et plus tardives que les animaux témoins en laboratoire. La réduction des mortalités observée dans le naissain exposé à basse température coïncide avec une diminution progressive des concentrations d’ADN appartenant à OsHV-1 dans les tissus, au point de devenir non-détecté ou...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huître creuse; Naissain; Mortalité massive; OsHV-1 μvar; Température; Pacific oyster; Mass mortality; OsHV-1 μvar; Spat; Temperature.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00210/32135/30592.pdf

The Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome, a Polymicrobial and Multifactorial Disease: State of Knowledge and Future Directions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Destoumieux Garzon, Delphine; Pernet, Fabrice; Toulza, Eve; De Lorgeril, Julien; Degremont, Lionel; Mitta, Guillaume.
The Pacific oyster (Crassostreae gigas) has been introduced from Asia to numerous countries around the world during the 20th century. C. gigas is the main oyster species farmed worldwide and represents more than 98% of oyster production. The severity of disease outbreaks that affect C. gigas, which primarily impact juvenile oysters, has increased dramatically since 2008. The most prevalent disease, Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), has become panzootic and represents a threat to the oyster industry. Recently, major steps towards understanding POMS have been achieved through integrative molecular approaches. These studies demonstrated that infection by Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 µVar (OsHV-1 µvar) is the first critical step in the infectious process...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific oyster mortality syndrome; Polymicrobial disease; Multifactorial disease; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Opportunistic bacterial pathogens.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00679/79158/81669.pdf

Contrasted survival under field or controlled conditions displays associations between mRNA levels of candidate genes and response to OsHV-1 infection in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Li, Ronghua; Quillien, Virgile; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Boudry, Pierre; Pernet, Fabrice; Huvet, Arnaud.
Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas suffers from chronic or sporadic mortality outbreaks worldwide, resulting from infectious diseases and/or physiological disorders triggered by environmental factors. Since 2008, ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar has been identified as the main agent responsible for mass mortality of juvenile oysters in Europe. Previous studies of genome-wide expression profiling have provided candidate genes that potentially contribute to genetically-based resistance to summer mortality. To assess their value in determining resistance to the juvenile mass mortality that has occurred in France since 2008, we analyzed the expression of 17 candidate genes in an experimental infection by OsHV-1 μVar, and in an in vivo field experiment. Individual...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Molluscs; Gene expression profiling; Inhibitor of kappa B; Summer mortality; Ostreid herpesvirus.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00177/28823/27325.pdf

Facteurs explicatifs de la dynamique spatio-temporelle des mortalités d’huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas dans la lagune de Thau
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lagarde, Franck; Cesmat, Ludovic; Jeannée, Nicolas; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Quere, Claudie; Fiandrino, Annie; Miguet, Marine; Boulet, Hélène; Keck, Nicolas; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
Cette étude avait pour objectif principal de déterminer les facteurs explicatifs de la dynamique spatio-temporelle des surmortalités d’huîtres creuses dans la lagune de Thau. Les facteurs étudiés étaient : la pathologie (détection d’ADN appartenant à l’Ostreid herpesvirus 1 OsHV-1 et au groupe bactérien Vibrio splendidus), l’état énergétique des huîtres (triglycérides, sucres totaux et acides gras comme marqueurs trophiques), les pratiques d’élevage et l’hydrodynamique. Afin de répondre à ces objectifs, nous avons suivi la mortalité d’un lot d’huîtres sentinelles, âgé de moins d’un an, maintenu indemne de mortalité, dans lequel on ne détectait pas d’ADN appartenant à OsHV-1. Le lot a été déployé mi-mars 2011 sur 106 stations dans la lagune de Thau, où les...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00092/20355/18015.pdf

High temperature induces transcriptomic changes in   Crassostrea gigas   that hinder progress of ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1) and promote survival
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delisle, Lizenn; Pauletto, Marianna; Vidal-dupiol, Jeremie; Petton, Bruno; Bargelloni, Luca; Montagnani, Caroline; Pernet, Fabrice; Corporeau, Charlotte; Fleury, Elodie.
Of all environmental factors, seawater temperature plays a decisive role in triggering marine diseases. Like fever in vertebrates, high seawater temperature could modulate the host response to pathogens in ectothermic animals. In France, massive mortality of Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, caused by the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) is markedly reduced when temperatures exceed 24°C in the field. In the present study we assess how high temperature influences the host response to the pathogen by comparing transcriptomes (RNA sequencing) during the course of experimental infection at 21°C (reference) and 29°C. We show that high temperature induced host physiological processes that are unfavorable to the viral infection. Temperature influenced the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Anti-viral molecular pathway; Host-pathogen interaction; Marine disease; OsHV-1; Resistance; Temperature.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00656/76806/77974.pdf

Farmer monitoring reveals the effect of tidal height on mortality risk of oysters during a herpesvirus outbreak
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Gachelin, Sonia; Stanisière, Jean-yves; Petton, Bruno; Fleury, Elodie; Mazurié, Joseph.
The intertidal zone is characterized by a sharp vertical gradient of environmental stress, which structures species distribution and their interactions. Few studies, however, have examined the influence of tidal height on host–pathogen interactions. Here, we investigated how the tidal height influence outbreak of the Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) affecting the Pacific oyster. A volunteer network composed of 20 oyster growers monitored the survival of 28 batches of oysters during an epizootic event in Southern Brittany, France. Oysters were spat from wild collection or hatchery production. The sampling sites were spread over a 150-km2 area with a tidal height ranging from 0.98 to 2.90 m. Concomitantly, we followed survival of oyster spats in relation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Citizen science; Marine epidemiology and health; OsHV-1; Risk analysis.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00491/60271/63981.pdf

Dietary BMAA Exposure in an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Cluster from Southern France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Masseret, Estelle; Banack, Sandra; Boumediene, Farid; Abadie, Eric; Brient, Luc; Pernet, Fabrice; Juntas-morales, Raoul; Pageot, Nicolas; Metcalf, James; Cox, Paul; Camu, William.
Background  Dietary exposure to the cyanotoxin BMAA is suspected to be the cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the Western Pacific Islands. In Europe and North America, this toxin has been identified in the marine environment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis clusters but, to date, only few dietary exposures have been described.  Objectives  We aimed at identifying cluster(s) of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the Hérault district, a coastal district from Southern France, and to search, in the identified area(s), for the existence of a potential dietary source of BMAA.  Methods  A spatio-temporal cluster analysis was performed in the district, considering all incident amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases identified from 1994 to 2009 by our expert...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00168/27941/26234.pdf

Environmental anomalies, energetic reserves and fatty acid modifications in oysters coincide with an exceptional mortality event
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Barret, Jean; Marty, Claire; Moal, Jeanne; Le Gall, Patrik; Boudry, Pierre.
Mortality of oysters Crassostrea gigas occurred along the coasts of France during summer 2008, causing a serious crisis in French oyster production. During spring to summer 2008, 5 groups of 1-yr old oysters of different origins and ploidy levels deployed in the Thau lagoon (France) were sampled for biometrical and biochemical analyses; environmental parameters were monitored in the same area. Mortality occurred in 2 episodes: 13 May to 10 June and 24 June to 9 July. Wild-collected oysters showed mortality sooner than other groups but total overall mortality was 85% in all groups. Mortality occurred when seawater temperature was &gt;19 degrees C during the reproductive season when energetic reserves of oysters were at their lowest. Energy reserve levels...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Energetic reserve; Environment; Fatty acid; Summer mortality; Trophic signatures; Temperature.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00003/11388/7964.pdf

Energy and Antioxidant Responses of Pacific Oyster Exposed to Trace Levels of Pesticides
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Epelboin, Yanouk; Quere, Claudie; Pernet, Fabrice; Pichereau, Vianney; Corporeau, Charlotte.
Here, we assess the physiological effects induced by environmental concentrations of pesticides in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed for 14 d to trace levels of metconazole (0.2 and 2 mu g/L), isoproturon (0.1 and 1 mu g/L), or both in a mixture (0.2 and 0.1 mu g/L, respectively). Exposure to trace levels of pesticides had no effect on the filtration rate, growth, and energy reserves of oysters. However, oysters exposed to metconazole and isoproturon showed an overactivation of the sensing-kinase AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPK alpha), a key enzyme involved in energy metabolism and more particularly glycolysis. In the meantime, these exposed oysters showed a decrease in hexokinase and pyruvate kinase activities, whereas 2-DE...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00284/39490/44227.pdf

Effect of environmental drivers on the reproduction of the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in the Mediterranean: The case of the Thau lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ubertini, Martin; Lagarde, Franck; Le Gall, Patrik; Mortreux, Serge; Pernet, Fabrice; Fiandrino, Annie; Pouvreau, Stephane; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
The aquaculture of the oyster Crassostrea gigas is largely based on natural recruitment of the species on spat collectors along the french Atlantic coast, the remaining spat being provided by hatcheries and nurseries. Due to an increase in the climate/meteorological variability, during the last twenty years, the natural spat collection has become variable, from null to overabundant depending on the year. Since 2008, the oyster spat mortalities worsen the situation, reducing the available spat and increasing the cost of the latter. However, the temporal variability of the natural recruitment modalities in the Mediterranean do not allow the aquaculture industry to rely on native spats, making the understanding of natural recruitment in the Mediterranean a...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35894/34422.pdf

Lipid nutrition and settlement behaviour in American lobster Homarus americanus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Theriault, I; Pernet, Fabrice.
This study examines the effects of varying dietary lipids on growth, survival, lipid composition and behaviour in lobster Homarus americanus (Milne Edwards, 1837) postlarvae. Lobsters were fed one of 3 diets during their early ontogeny: (1) Artemac, a widely used Artemia replacement; (2) a ternary mixture consisting of Artemac, frozen Artemia adults and Artemia flakes; or (3) a mixture of live A. salina nauplii and adults. We evaluated the olfactory capacity (response to predator odour plume) and cryptic behaviour (ability to hide during settlement) of lobster postlarvae as a function of these diets and the lipid and the fatty acid composition of lobsters. Growth and survival of lobster postlarvae were highest in those fed live Artemia, followed by the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Settlement behaviour; Nutrition; Lipid; Habitat selection; Fatty acid; Crustacean larvae.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-4651.pdf

Influence of low temperatures on the survival of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) infected with Ostreid herpesvirus type 1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Tamayo, David; Petton, Bruno.
Mortalities of oyster seed of Crassostrea gigas associated with ostreid herpes virus OsHV-1 μVar have been observed in many oyster producing countries since 2008. The objective of this study was to further investigate whether low temperature treatments can offer a viable option to mitigate oyster mortalities. An experiment was set-up to further evaluate the effect of low temperature treatments (10 and 13°C vs. 21°C) and their duration (6 d to 83 d) on the survival of oysters previously infected with OsHV-1 μVar by means of exposure to field conditions in areas where mortalities were occurring. Average survival of oysters infected with OsHV-1μVar was 71% after 83 d at low temperatures compared to only 23% in controls maintained at 21°C. During...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Disease; OsHV-1; Oyster; Temperature; Virus.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00259/37047/35555.pdf

Mass mortalities of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas reflect infectious diseases and vary with farming practices in the Mediterranean Thau lagoon, France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Corporeau, Charlotte; Degremont, Lionel; Lagarde, Franck; Pepin, Jean-francois; Keck, Nicolas.
Experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of farming sites, seeding date, age of oysters, ploidy level and rearing structures on mortality, pathogens and energetic reserves of oysters Crassostrea gigas. Mortality of oysters coincided with infections involving, primarily, the ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 and, secondarily, bacteria of the group Vibrio splendidus, when seawater temperature was between 17 and 24°C. Mortality started in early May and lasted until late September, with an interruption in July and August when seawater temperatures rose above 24°C. Mortality varied with farming site: oysters maintained in the open Mediterranean Sea showed no mortality and OsHV-1 was occasionally detected at a low level only, while oysters maintained in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pacific oyster; Mortality; Disease; Farming practices; Hydrodynamics; Energetic.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00086/19739/17379.pdf

State of art and best practices for fatty acid analysis in aquatic sciences
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Couturier, Lydie; Michel, Loic; Amaro, Teresa; Budge, Suzanne M; Da Costa, Elisabete; De Troch, Marleen; Di Dato, Valeria; Fink, Patrick; Giraldo, Carolina; Le Grand, Fabienne; Loaiza, Iván; Mathieu-resuge, Margaux; Nichols, Peter D; Parrish, Christopher C; Sardenne, Fany; Vagner, Marie; Pernet, Fabrice; Soudant, Philippe; Browman, Howard.
Determining the lipid content and fatty acid (FA) composition of aquatic organisms has been of major interest in trophic ecology, aquaculture, and nutrition for over half a century. Although protocols for lipid analysis are well-described, their application to aquatic sciences often requires modifications to adapt to field conditions and to sample type. Here, we present the current state of knowledge of methods dedicated to both marine and freshwater lipid analyses, from sampling to data treatment. We review: (i) sample preservation, storage and transport protocols, and their effects on lipids, (ii) lipid extraction, separation of polar and neutral lipids, derivatization, and detection methods, and (iii) available tools for the statistical analysis of FA...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquatic nutrition; Biomarkers; Fatty acids; Marine and freshwater lipids; Methods; Recommended practices.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00651/76279/77252.pdf

Episodes de mortalité massive de moules bleues observés en 2014 dans les Pertuis charentais
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bechemin, Christian; Soletchnik, Patrick; Polsenaere, Pierre; Le Moine, Olivier; Pernet, Fabrice; Protat, Martin; Fuhrmann, Marine; Quere, Claudie; Goulitquer, Sophie; Corporeau, Charlotte; Lapegue, Sylvie; Travers, Marie-agnes; Morga, Benjamin; Garrigues, Manon; Garcia, Celine; Haffner, Philippe; Dubreuil, Christine; Faury, Nicole; Baillon, Laury; Baud, Jean-pierre; Renault, Tristan.
Mass mortality outbreaks (90-100%) in both juvenile and adult blue mussels were reported in 2014 along the Pertuis Charentais area of the French Atlantic coast. A series of studies were carried out to learn more about the phenomenon through detecting pathogens, describing environmental conditions and establishing the physiological status of the animals. Bacteria identif ied as belonging to the V. splendidus species were detected in dying mussels and seem able to cause mortality in blue mussels in the laboratory. Unusual environmental conditions (large amounts of fresh water, re-suspension of sediments during a series of storms, and a high renewal rate of specific water masses in Brittany’s Pertuis area) may be partially responsible for sparking the phenomen
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mortalités; Moules; Pertuis Charentais; Vibrio splendidus; Environnement; Mortality; Mussels; Pertuis Charentais; Vibrio splendidus; Environment.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00312/42343/41682.pdf

Observatoire National Conchylicole. Campagne 2011
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Elodie; D'Amico, Florence; Annezo, Jean-pierre; Barret, Jean; Blin, Jean Louis; Bouget, Jean-francois; Claude, Serge; Guilpain, Patrice; Grizon, James; Hitier, Benoist; Langlade, Aime; Le Gall, Patrik; Le Souchu, Pierrick; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Mary, Charlotte; Normand, Julien; Parrad, Sophie; Penot, Julia; Pernet, Fabrice; Pien, Sebastien.
Depuis 2009, l'Observatoire Conchylicole assure le suivi, sur des sites ateliers disposés sur l'ensemble du littoral français, de lots sentinelles d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas représentatifs de la production française. Leur suivi permet d'acquérir des données nationales de croissance et de mortalité, de traduire la dynamique spatio-temporelle des performances d’élevage et ainsi de participer à la compréhension des phénomènes observés. Pour ce faire, des lots sentinelles d’huîtres correspondant à différentes origines (captage ou écloserie, diploïdes ou triploïdes) et à différents stades d’élevage (naissain ou adultes 18 mois) sont déployés simultanément sur 13 sites ateliers représentant les grandes régions conchylicoles du littoral français. En...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19433/17047.pdf

Surmortalités de la moule bleue Mytilus edulis dans les Pertuis Charentais (mars 2014)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bechemin, Christian; Soletchnik, Patrick; Polsenaere, Pierre; Le Moine, Olivier; Pernet, Fabrice; Protat, Martin; Fuhrmann, Marine; Quere, Claudie; Goulitquer, Sophie; Corporeau, Charlotte; Renault, Tristan; Lapegue, Sylvie; Travers, Marie-agnes; Morga, Benjamin; Garriques, Manon; Garcia, Celine; Haffner, Philippe; Dubreuil, Christine; Faury, Nicole; Baillon, Laury; Baud, Jean-pierre.
Suite aux surmortalités observées au sein des élevages de moules touchant à la fois les animaux adultes et les juvéniles au mois de mars, dans les Pertuis Charentais, la Direction Générale de l’Alimentation (DGAl) a adressé une saisine à Ifremer le 04 avril 2014. Celle-ci fait état d’une demande d’appui scientifique et technique d’Ifremer pour tenter d’apporter des éléments de réponse par rapport à cette mortalité subite et importante. L’Ifremer a proposé un projet d’action permettant l’expertise du phénomène de surmortalité de la moule bleue, selon 3 axes : l’impact environnemental, la pathologie et les caractéristiques physiologiques des moules. Il s’agit de mettre en évidence la présence ou non d’agents infectieux connus ou émergents, d’apporter des...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00229/34022/32387.pdf

Mortalité du naissain d’Huître creuse Crassostrea gigas dans l’étang de Thau en 2009
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Malet, Nathalie; Pastoureaud, Annie; Munaron, Dominique; De Lorgeril, Julien; Bachere, Evelyne; Vaquer, Andre; Huvet, Arnaud; Corporeau, Charlotte; Normand, Julien; Boudry, Pierre; Moal, Jeanne; Quere, Claudie; Quilien, Virgile; Daniel, Jean-yves; Pepin, Jean-francois; Saulnier, Denis; Gonzalez, Jean-louis.
This study was conducted in the Mediterranean area during a mass mortality event of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. The objectives of this work were to increase our understanding of the mass mortality phenomena in Pacific oysters, to identify risky cultivation practises and to propose mitigation strategies. In the first part of this work, we followed environmental parameters of the Thau lagoon in relation with mortality events. Then, we compared mortality and growth parameters of oysters as a function of their origins, their development stages and cultivation sites in relation with energetic, reproduction and pathogens. Finally, we conducted transfer experiments where oysters maintained free of mortality in open sea were transferred in the Thau lagoon...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11354/7927.pdf

Associations between farming practices and disease mortality of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in a Mediterranean lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lagarde, Franck; Le Gall, Patrik; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
We present the first large-scale, high-resolution spatial and temporal pattern of disease mortality caused by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) that has affected Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in France every year since 2008, in relation to local farm use. Mortality was monitored in healthy oyster spat deployed at 106 locations in the Thau Mediterranean lagoon during the epizootic that occurred in spring 2011. We conducted a field survey of farming practices in the areas where the sentinel oysters were placed before the epizootic. We found that the risk of disease mortality in sentinel oysters was higher within the bivalve farming area than outside it, suggesting that the infection pressure is much higher in areas with intensive farming activity. The risk...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Epidemiology; OsHV-1; Shellfish farming.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00201/31248/30662.pdf

Les surmortalités des naissains d’huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas : acquis des recherches en 2010
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cochennec-laureau, Nathalie; Baud, Jean-pierre; Pepin, Jean-francois; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Soletchnik, Patrick; Lupo, Coralie; Garcia, Celine; Arzul, Isabelle; Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Pernet, Fabrice; Bachere, Evelyne; Bedier, Edouard; Petton, Bruno; Gaussem, Florian; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Degremont, Lionel.
Depuis 2008, la filière ostréicole française doit faire face à des surmortalités exceptionnelles des naissains d’huîtres creuses, Crassostrea gigas, (huîtres de moins d’un an) comprises entre 60 et 90% dans tous les sites d’élevage. Des cas de mortalité similaires ont été décrits en Irlande, dans les îles anglo-normandes, au Portugal en 2009 et au Royaume-Uni en 2010. Récemment deux épisodes de mortalité, associés à la présence d’un virus OsHV1 μvar (ou un variant très proche) ont été également décrits en Nouvelle Zélande (décembre 2010) et en Australie (janvier 2011) soulignant la vulnérabilité de la filière ostréicole dans le monde. L’objectif de ce document est de faire un point sur les recherches menées depuis l’apparition de ce phénomène et de...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14423/11719.pdf

Integrative Study of Physiological Changes Associated with Bacterial Infection in Pacific Oyster Larvae
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Genard, Bertrand; Miner, Philippe; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Moraga, Dario; Boudry, Pierre; Pernet, Fabrice; Tremblay, Rejean.
Background:  Bacterial infections are common in bivalve larvae and can lead to significant mortality, notably in hatcheries. Numerous studies have identified the pathogenic bacteria involved in such mortalities, but physiological changes associated with pathogen exposure at larval stage are still poorly understood. In the present study, we used an integrative approach including physiological, enzymatic, biochemical, and molecular analyses to investigate changes in energy metabolism, lipid remodelling, cellular stress, and immune status of Crassostrea gigas larvae subjected to experimental infection with the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio coralliilyticus. Findings:  Our results showed that V. coralliilyticus exposure induced (1) limited but significant increase...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25504/23662.pdf

Impact of arachidonic acid enrichment of live rotifer prey on bacterial communities in rotifer and larval fish cultures
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Seychelles, Laurent H.; Doiron, Kim; Audet, Celine; Tremblay, Rejean; Pernet, Fabrice; Lemarchand, Karine.
Rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis), commonly used at first feeding in commercial fish hatcheries, carry a large bacteria load. Because they are relatively poor in essential fatty acids, it is common practice to enrich them with fatty acids, including arachidonic acid (AA). This study aims to determine whether prey enrichment with AA may act as a prebiotic and modify the microbial community composition either in AA-enriched rotifer cultures or in larval-rearing water using winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) as a larval fish model. AA enrichment modified the bacterial community composition in both the rotifer culture tanks and the larval-rearing tanks. We observed an increase in the number of cultivable bacteria on TCBS (thiosulfate-citrate-bile...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Communauté bactérienne; Rotifères; Enrichissement en acide arachidonique; Vibrio sp.; Prébiotique; Bacterial community; Rotifers; Arachidonic acid enrichment; Vibrio sp.; Prebiotic.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00137/24778/25189.pdf

Match/mismatch between the Mytilus edulis larval supply and seston quality: effect on recruitment
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Toupoint, Nicolas; Gilmore-solomon, Lisandre; Bourque, Francois; Myrand, Bruno; Pernet, Fabrice; Olivier, Frederic; Tremblay, Rejean.
We considered Cushing's match/mismatch theory in a heterotrophic environment and hypothesized that settlement and recruitment success in blue mussel are higher when the food supply is rich in polyunsaturated and essential fatty acids (PUFA/EFA). To test this hypothesis, we monitored larval development as well as fatty acid composition in trophic resources during two successive reproductive seasons. The decoupling we found between the presence of competent larvae in the water column and settlement rates strongly suggests that metamorphosis is delayed until conditions are suitable. In both years, the major mussel settlement peak was synchronized with a phytoplanktonic pulse rich in EFA, consisting of a large autotrophic bloom in 2007 and a short but...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fatty acids; Larval supply; Match/mismatch; Mytilus edulis; Picoeukaryotes; Recruitment; Settlement rate; Trophic settlement trigger.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00098/20923/19676.pdf

Measurement and analysis of small pelagic fish condition: A suitable method for rapid evaluation in the field
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Brosset, Pablo; Fromentin, Jean-marc; Menard, Frederic; Pernet, Fabrice; Bourdeix, Jean-herve; Bigot, Jean-louis; Van Beveren, Elisabeth; Perez Rodia, Maria A.; Choy, Sandrine; Saraux, Claire.
As condition is a key variable in population dynamics (especially for survival, growth and reproduction), the use of well-defined and accurate fish condition indices is capital. In particular, condition indices (morphometric, bioenergetic and biochemical) have never been compared and validated for the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, the European pilchard Sardina pilchardus and the European sprat Sprattus sprattus. The accuracy of two indirect methods, the morphometric relative condition index Kn and the bioenergetics index determined with the Distell Fish Fatmeter was investigated by comparing with a direct measure of relative lipid content carried out with a thin layer chromatography-flame ionization detector. Estimations from the fatmeter...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Anchovy; Fatmeter; Lipids; Mediterranean Sea; Sardine; Sprat.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00226/33741/32304.pdf

Conséquences du changement climatique sur les écosystèmes marins exploités par la pêche et la conchyliculture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petitgas, Pierre; Ulrich, Clara; Auber, Arnaud; Gourguet, Sophie; Huret, Martin; Mazurais, David; Pernet, Fabrice; Pouvreau, Stephane; Richard, Marion; Servili, Arianna; Thebaud, Olivier; Zambonino Infante, Jose-luis.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00657/76942/78148.pdf

Temperature effect on survival, growth, and triacylglycerol content during the early ontogeny of Mytilus edulis and M. trossulus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rayssac, Nathalie; Pernet, Fabrice; Lacasse, Olivia; Tremblay, Rejean.
Temperature is a major factor contributing to the biogeography of intertidal poikilotherms. The population dynamics of intertidal invertebrates like mussels are strongly dependent on larval supply and larval mortality. Unlike adults, which are resistant to fluctuating environmental conditions, larvae are highly sensitive to the physicochemical conditions of the pelagic zone. The effects of rearing temperature on larval and post-larval performance of 2 coexisting mussels species, Mytilus edulis and M. trossulus, were examined in this study. In the first experiment, larvae of both species were reared separately at constant temperatures of 10, 17, and 24 degrees C from D-larvae to the dissoconch stage. In the second experiment, pediveligers were reared under...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Thermal adaptation; Bivalve mollusk; Selection; Biogeography; Lipid; Larval ecology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13028/10159.pdf

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Mass Mortalities in Oysters Is Influenced by Energetic Reserves and Food Quality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lagarde, Franck; Jeannee, Nicolas; Daigle, Gaetan; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Quere, Claudie; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
Although spatial studies of diseases on land have a long history, far fewer have been made on aquatic diseases. Here, we present the first large-scale, high-resolution spatial and temporal representation of a mass mortality phenomenon cause by the Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1) that has affected oysters (Crassostrea gigas) every year since 2008, in relation to their energetic reserves and the quality of their food. Disease mortality was investigated in healthy oysters deployed at 106 locations in the Thau Mediterranean lagoon before the start of the epizootic in spring 2011. We found that disease mortality of oysters showed strong spatial dependence clearly reflecting the epizootic process of local transmission. Disease initiated inside oyster farms spread...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00181/29249/27663.pdf

Responses of diploid and triploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas to Vibrio infection in relation to their reproductive status
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Decker, Sophie; Normand, Julien; Saulnier, Denis; Pernet, Fabrice; Castagnet, Sophie; Boudry, Pierre.
Several Vibrio species are known to be pathogenic to the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Survival varies according to pathogen exposure and high mortality events usually occur in summer during gametogenesis. In order to study the effects of gametogenetic status and ploidy (a factor known to affect reproduction allocation in oysters) on vibriosis survival, we conducted two successive experiments. Our results demonstrate that a common bath challenge with pathogenic Vibrio splendidus and Vibrio aestuarianus on a mixture of mature, spawning and non-mature oysters can lead to significant mortality. Previous bath challenges, which were done using only non-mature oysters, had not produced mortality. Immunohisto-chemical analyses showed the affinity of Vibrio...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Experimental vibriosis; Crassostrea gigas; Vibrio; Survival distribution function; Triploidy; Reproductive effort.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00030/14108/11368.pdf

Immune responses of phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase in the manila clam Venerupis philippinarum challenged with Vibrio tapetis – Part I: Spatio-temporal evolution of enzymes’ activities post-infection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Bris, Cedric; Richard, Gaelle; Paillard, Christine; Lambert, Christophe; Seguineau, Catherine; Gauthier, Olivier; Pernet, Fabrice; Guerard, Fabienne.
Manila clams, Venerupis philippinarum (Adams and Reeve, 1850), were experimentally challenged with two Vibrio tapetis strains: CECT4600T, the causative agent of Brown Ring Disease (BRD); and LP2 supposedly non-pathogenic in V. philippinarum. Changes in phenoloxidase (PO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), two major enzymes involved in immunity, were studied in two tissues, the mantle and hemolymph for 30 days after infection in the extrapallial cavity. Bacterial infection in V. philippinarum resulted in modulation of PO and SOD activities that was both tissue- and time-dependent. A response at early times was detected in the mantle and was associated with significant increases in PO and SOD activities in LP2- and CECT4600T-challenged clams 36h post injection....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Venerupis philippinarum; Vibrio tapetis; Immunity; Phenoloxidase; Superoxide dismutase.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00221/33257/31733.pdf

Physiological and biochemical indicators of mussel seed quality in relation to temperatures
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tremblay, Rejean; Landry, Thomas; Leblanc, Neil; Pernet, Fabrice; Barkhouse, Carla; Sevigny, Jean-marie.
The bivalve's aquaculture industry is an important component of the economy in Eastern Canada. Seed collection is an initial and critical activity in most bivalve aquaculture industries including mussel farming in Prince Edward Island, production is entirely dependent on natural spat collection. Although seed supply is not a concern from a quantitative standpoint, there are growing concerns about the quality of natural seed. The general objective of this study was to identify and assess mussel seed quality criteria on the basis of physiological and biochemical status under laboratory and field conditions. The performance, as estimated by metabolic measurements, lipid class composition, multi-locus heterozygosity (MLH) and survival to stressful environment...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Wild seed; Aquaculture; Physiological fitness; Growth; Survival; Multi-locus heterozygosity; Mytilus spp.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00051/16232/13754.pdf

Temperature influence on pathogen transmission and subsequent mortalities in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Pernet, Fabrice; Robert, Rene; Boudry, Pierre.
Since 2008, mass mortalities of 1-yr-old Crassostrea gigas associated with the ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar have occurred along all the coasts of France when seawater temperature reaches 16 to 17°C. The present study aimed to characterize the effect of temperature on oyster survival in combination with OsHV-1 DNA quantification by standard real-time PCR and total vibrio population levels in oyster tissues. To examine the effect of seawater temperature on disease transmission and related mortality of oysters, cohabitation experiments were conducted between healthy naïve oysters and oysters previously exposed to field conditions in areas where mortalities were occurring. Oysters initially maintained in controlled conditions (free of mortality and negative...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Juvenile oyster; Pathology; Temperature; Survival; Vibrios; Ostreid herpesvirus 1.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00148/25891/23912.pdf

Physiological changes in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to the herpesvirus OsHV-1 μvar
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tamayo, David; Corporeau, Charlotte; Petton, Bruno; Quere, Claudie; Pernet, Fabrice.
Since 2008, mass mortality events of Crassostrea gigas have been occurring along the French coast when seawater temperature exceeds 16ºC. These mortality events are related to a particular genotype of the ostreid herpesvirus named OsHV-1 μvar. The present study aimed to detail various physiological aspects underlying the onset of the disease. In the laboratory, both exposed (infected) and naïve (healthy) oysters were maintained at 13.0°C and 20.6ºC. These temperatures were respectively lower and higher than the threshold values of 16°C at which the disease generally occur. At 20.6ºC, exposed oysters were characterized by a reduction in energetic reserves (carbohydrates and triglycerides) together with a decrease in protein content. Sterols levels were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Energetic reserves; Energetic metabolism; Enzyme activity; OsHV-1; Temperature.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00192/30330/28803.pdf

Effect of Rhodomonas salina addition to a standard hatchery diet during the early ontogeny of the scallop Pecten maximus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tremblay, Rejean; Cartier, Simon; Miner, Philippe; Pernet, Fabrice; Quere, Claudie; Moal, Jeanne; Muzellec, Marie-louise; Mazuret, Michel; Samain, Jean-francois.
The main objective of this study was to identify algal diets that maximize the survival and growth and alter the biochemical content of Pecten maximus larvae with the aim of improving metamorphosis. We also evaluated the potential of the cryptophyceae Rhodomonas salina as a food source for these larvae. Two flagellates, Isochrysis aff. galbana (T) and Pavlova lutheri (P), and two diatoms, Chaetoceros gracilis (C) or Skeletonema costatum (S), were tested as two ternary diets, namely PTC and PTS. PTC and PTS were compared with diets that also included R. salina (R). The addition of R. salina and the replacement of C. gracilis by S. costatum in the traditional hatchery diet seem to be two interesting alternatives for increasing the productivity of larval...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Algal fatty acids and sterols; Energetic content; Metamorphosis; Nutrition; Scallop.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2404.pdf

Latitudinal drivers of oyster mortality: deciphering host, pathogen and environmental risk factors
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fleury, Elodie; Barbier, Pierrick; Petton, Bruno; Normand, Julien; Thomas, Yoann; Pouvreau, Stephane; Daigle, Gaétan; Pernet, Fabrice.
Diseases pose an ongoing threat to aquaculture, fisheries and conservation of marine species, and determination of risk factors of disease is crucial for management. Our objective was to decipher the effects of host, pathogen and environmental factors on disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) across a latitudinal gradient. We deployed young and adult oysters at 13 sites in France and we monitored survival, pathogens and environmental parameters. The young oysters came from either the wild collection or the hatchery while the adults were from the wild only. We then used Cox regression models to investigate the effect of latitude, site, environmental factors and origin on mortality risk and to extrapolate this mortality risk to the...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73915/73251.pdf

The importance of turbulent kinetic energy on transport of juvenile clams (Mya arenaria)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Redjah, I.; Olivier, Frederic; Tremblay, R.; Myrand, B.; Pernet, Fabrice; Neumeier, U.; Chevarie, L.
Soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria, culture on the east coast of Canada is characterized by high loss following seeding. To evaluate the importance of passive transport due to currents, an experimental flume study was designed. The purpose was to measure the effects of hydrodynamic conditions, substrate, and clam size on dispersal in controlled laboratory condition and to interpret these results in relation to field measurements. Unidirectional currents with gradual increasing velocities (0 to 60 cm s(-1)) were applied to three substrates (muddy sand, medium sand, and coarse sand) in which clams from one of three size classes (10, 15, and 20 mm) had burrowed. We also examined the resulting effects of turbulent kinetic energy on the erosion of medium-grain sand...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Clam transport; Substratum erosion; Unidirectional currents; Turbulence; ADV; Flume.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12507/9368.pdf

Fine-scale temporal dynamics of herpes virus and vibrios in seawater during a polymicrobial infection in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; De Lorgeril, Julien; Mitta, Guillaume; Daigle, Gaétan; Pernet, Fabrice; Alunno Bruscia, Marianne.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is currently being impacted by a polymicrobial disease that involves early viral infection by ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) followed by a secondary bacterial infection leading to death. A widely used method of inducing infection consists of placing specific pathogen-free oysters (‘recipients’) in cohabitation in the laboratory with diseased oysters that were naturally infected in the field (‘donors’). With this method, we evaluated the temporal dynamics of pathogen release in seawater and the cohabitation time necessary for disease transmission and expression. We showed that OsHV-1 and Vibrio spp. in the seawater peaked concomitantly during the first 48 h and decreased thereafter. We found that 1.5 h of cohabitation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Bivalve; Epidemiology; Health; Polymicrobial disease; OSHV-1; Pacific oyster mortality syndrome; POMS.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00507/61870/65940.pdf

Temperature modulate disease susceptibility of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and virulence of the Ostreid herpesvirus type 1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delisle, Lizenn; Petton, Bruno; Burguin, Jean Francois; Morga, Benjamin; Corporeau, Charlotte; Pernet, Fabrice.
Temperature triggers marine diseases by changing host susceptibility and pathogen virulence. Oyster mortalities associated with the Ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (OsHV-1) have occurred seasonally in Europe when the seawater temperature range reaches 16–24 °C. Here we assess how temperature modulates oyster susceptibility to OsHV-1 and pathogen virulence. Oysters were injected with OsHV-1 suspension incubated at 21 °C, 26 °C and 29 °C and were placed in cohabitation with healthy oysters (recipients) at these three temperatures according to a fractional factorial design. Survival was followed for 14 d and recipients were sampled for OsHV-1 DNA quantification and viral gene expression. The oysters were all subsequently placed at 21 °C to evaluate the potential...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Health; Marine disease; Mortality risk; Temperature; Virulence.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00442/55337/56847.pdf

Exploring local reproductive differentiation of Pacific oyster population recently settled in northern Europe by transcriptomic approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Sussarellu, Rossana; Huvet, Arnaud; Lelong, Christophe; Pernet, Fabrice; Quillen, Virgile; Lapegue, Sylvie; Cornette, Florence; Jensen, Lasse Fast; Bierne, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre.
Originating from north-eastern Asia, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has been introduced, mainly for aquaculture purpose, into a large number of countries. Although highly variable, its invasive nature has been reported in an increasing number of coastal areas, notably. Northern Europe. We set up a common garden experiment based on the comparison of progenies of Pacific oysters sampled in France, where populations settled since the introduction of the species in the 70’s, and Denmark, where established populations were observed since the beginning of 90s. Pure and hybrid progenies, resulting from crosses within and between adults sampled in both populations, were studied for their sex-ratio, condition index, transcriptomics, and biochemical parameters
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00167/27815/26008.pdf

Influence of temperature on disease transmission associated with ostreid herpes virus OSHV-1 µVAR in relation to survival of juvenile Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Pernet, Fabrice; Robert, Rene; Boudry, Pierre; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne.
Since 2008, mass mortalities of 1-yr-old oysters Crassostrea gigas associated with ostreid herpes virus OsHV-1 μVar have occurred along all coasts of France. These mortality events represent the most serious crisis for the French oyster industry since the introduction of C. gigas in the early 1970s. Temperature is commonly one of the major triggering factors of disease epizootics, notably for aquatic species. In France, OsHV-1 is generally detected in dying oysters when seawater temperature is higher than 16° C. The influence of temperature on OsHV-1 detection and expression was also demonstrated for C. gigas larvae and suspected for juveniles. The present study aims to characterize the effect of temperature on disease transmission and survival related...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00151/26259/24343.pdf

Projet PRONAMED 2010-2011. Évaluation du potentiel d’approvisionnement naturel en naissains d’huîtres creuses en Méditerranée (Rapport final)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rayssac, Nathalie; Pérignon, Adeline; Gervasoni, Erika; Pernet, Fabrice; Legall, Patrick; Lagarde, Franck.
INTRODUCTION - PRONAMED 2010-2011- Ce projet, initié le Comité Régional de Conchyliculture de Méditerranée (CRCM) et l’Ifremer a été mis en œuvre grâce à la collaboration du CRCM, du Cépralmar ainsi que du réseau VELYGER et du laboratoire environnement ressources du Languedoc Roussillon (LER-LR) de l’Ifremer. En outre, ce projet local a bénéficié de fonds d’état dans le cadre du programme de soutien à l’innovation dans la filière pêche et aquaculture proposé par FranceAgrimer, de fonds européens via le Fond d’Étude pour les Pêches, et de fonds publics locaux grâce aux subventions de la région Languedoc Roussillon et du conseil général de l’Hérault. PRÉAMBULE - La version initiale du projet PRONAMED comportait deux volets de recherche. Le premier, consacré...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00088/19959/17626.pdf

Deciphering the effect of food availability, growth and host condition on disease susceptibility in a marine invertebrate
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Tamayo, David; Fuhrmann, Marine; Petton, Bruno.
Food provisioning influences disease risk and outcome in animal populations in two ways. On the one hand, unrestricted food supply improves the physiological condition of the host and lowers its susceptibility to infectious disease, reflecting a trade-off between immunity and other fitness-related functions. On the other hand, food scarcity limits the resources available to the pathogen and slows the growth and metabolism of the host on which the pathogen depends to proliferate. Here, we investigated how food availability, growth rate and energetic reserves drive the outcome of a viral disease affecting an ecologically relevant model host, the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. We selected fast- and slow-growing animals, and we exposed them to high and low...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Energetics; Health; Herpesvirus; Nutrition; Physiological trade-off.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00513/62431/66716.pdf

Accumulation and mobilization of lipids in relation to reproduction of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the Western Indian Ocean
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zudaire, Iker; Murua, Hilario; Grande, Maitane; Pernet, Fabrice; Bodin, Nathalie.
Total lipid content and lipid class composition were analyzed in gonads, liver and white muscle of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) throughout ovary development to understand its reproductive allocation strategy and to assess the relation between female condition and reproduction. A total of 112 females were collected onboard purse-seiner in the Western Indian Ocean from January to March 2009, from June to July 2009, and from April to May 2010. Gonads were characterized by highly variable total lipid contents ranging from 5 to 27 μg mg−1 of wet weight (ww) with a predominance of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols (TAG) and sterol- and wax-esters. The different lipid classes in gonads described an accumulative pattern through the maturity process...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tropical tuna; Lipid class composition; Reproductive allocation strategy; Income-capital breeder; Fecundity; FADs.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00171/28266/28075.pdf

Dynamics of the Pacific Oyster Pathobiota during mortality episodes in Europe assessed by 16S rRNA gene profiling and a new target enrichment next‐generation sequencing strategy
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lasa, Aide; Cesare, Andrea; Tassistro, Giovanni; Borello, Alessio; Gualdi, Stefano; Furones, Dolors; Carrasco, Noelia; Cheslett, Deborah; Brechon, Amanda; Paillard, Christine; Bidault, Adeline; Pernet, Fabrice; Canesi, Laura; Edomi, Paolo; Pallavicini, Alberto; Pruzzo, Carla; Vezzulli, Luigi.
Infectious agents such as the bacteria Vibrio aestuarianus or Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV‐1) have been repeatedly associated with dramatic disease outbreaks of Crassostrea gigas beds in Europe. Beside roles played by these pathogens microbial infections in C. gigas may derive from the contribution of a larger number of microorganisms than previously thought, according to an emerging view supporting the polymicrobial nature of bivalve disease. In this study, the microbial communities associated with a large number of C. gigas samples collected during recurrent mortality episodes at different European sites were investigated by real‐time PCR and 16SrRNA gene‐based microbial profiling. A new target enrichment next‐generation sequencing protocol for selective...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00508/61952/66036.pdf

Trophic niche of two co-occurring ophiuroid species in impacted coastal systems, derived from fatty acid and stable isotope analyses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Blanchet-aurigny, Aline; Dubois, Stanislas; Quere, Claudie; Guillou, Monique; Pernet, Fabrice.
The trophic niches of 2 common co-occurring ophiuroids, Ophiocomina nigra and Ophiothrix fragilis (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), in 2 contrasting coastal systems of Brittany (France) were investigated. We used a combination of fatty acid biomarkers derived from neutral lipids and stable isotopic compositions to explore the contributions of oceanic versus continental inputs to the ophiuroids' diet. We investigated 2 different systems with an inshore versus offshore comparison. We sampled potential food sources and surveyed organisms every 2 mo for 1 yr. Spatio-temporal variations in stable isotopes and fatty acid profiles of the ophiuroids were generally low compared to interspecific differences. Fatty acid markers showed that both ophiuroids relied on...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Echinoderm; Feeding ecology; Ophiocomina nigra; Ophiothrix fragilis; Trophic markers; Green algae.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00270/38144/36278.pdf

Determination of risk factors for herpesvirus outbreak in oysters using a broad-scale spatial epidemiology framework
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Fuhrmann, Marine; Petton, Bruno; Mazurie, Joseph; Bouget, Jean-francois; Fleury, Elodie; Daigle, Gaetan; Gernez, Pierre.
Marine diseases have major impacts on ecosystems and economic consequences for aquaculture and fisheries. Understanding origin, spread and risk factors of disease is crucial for management, but data in the ocean are limited compared to the terrestrial environment. Here we investigated how the marine environment drives the spread of viral disease outbreak affecting The Pacific oyster worldwide by using a spatial epidemiology framework. We collected environmental and oyster health data at 46 sites spread over an area of 300 km2 along an inshore-offshore gradient during an epizootic event and conducted risk analysis. We found that disease broke out in the intertidal farming area and spread seaward. Mortalities and virus detection were observed in oysters...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00450/56130/57670.pdf

Qualification zoo-sanitaire du naissain de captage 2013 de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas (QUALIF) - Détection précoce des maladies en épreuve thermique de laboratoire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Riobe, Marion; Koechlin, Hugo; Queau, Isabelle; Mingant, Christian; Ratiskol, Dominique; Le Grand, Jacqueline; Petton, Sebastien; Thomas, Yoann; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Pouvreau, Stephane; Pernet, Fabrice; Maurer, Daniele; D'Amico, Florence; Lagarde, Franck; Mortreux, Serge; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Mille, Dominique; Geay, A.; Bouquet, A.-l.; Cochet, Helene.
Depuis 2008, des mortalités massives d’huîtres creuses âgées de moins d’un an sont relevées sur le littoral français dès que la température de l’eau de mer atteint le seuil de 16°C. Ces mortalités de naissains sont associées à la détection du virus OsHV-1 μVar. Des travaux de qualification zoo-sanitaire menés depuis 2010 ont montré qu’un lot de naissains issus du captage naturel sur deux était infecté par le virus bien avant l’apparition des mortalités dans le milieu naturel, mais qu’a contrario les naissains d’écloserie expertisés présentaient un moindre risque de contamination. Dans le contexte de crise sanitaire chronique, l’objectif de notre étude était d’ obtenir une information qualitative relative au statut zoo-sanitaire OsHV -1 μ V ar des...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huitre creuse; OsHV - 1μVar; Epreuve thermique.; Maladie; Naissain; Pacific oyster; Spat; Disease; Thermal challenge; OsHV-1 μVar.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00276/38682/37180.pdf

Mortalités massives de l’Huître creuse: causes et perspectives
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Barret, Jean; Le Gall, Patrik; Lagarde, Franck; Fiandrino, Annie; Huvet, Arnaud; Corporeau, Charlotte; Boudry, Pierre; Quere, Claudie; Degremont, Lionel; Pepin, Jean-francois; Saulnier, Denis; Boulet, Hélène; Keck, Nicolas.
The objectives of this study are to increase our understanding of the mass mortality phenomena in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in the Thau lagoon and to examine the effect of cultivation practises. Mortality events in 2009 and 2010 always coincide with simple or dual infections involving primarily the Herpes virus OsHV-I and secondarily the bacteria Vibrio splendidus, when seawater temperature is between 17°C and 24°C. In the Thau lagoon, mortality starts early May and last until fall with an interruption period when seawater temperature is higher than 24°C in July and August. Mortality of oysters varies as a function of zootechnical life-history, hydrodynamics and cultivation practises. First, mortality depends on whether or not oysters have been...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15404/12764.pdf

The future is now: marine aquaculture in the anthropocene
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Browman, Howard I.
Aquaculture now produces more seafood than wild capture fisheries and this production is expected to at least double by 2050. Representing almost half of global production, marine aquaculture will contribute to sustainably feeding the growing humanity. However, climate change will undoubtedly challenge the future growth of marine aquaculture. Temperature and sea-level rise, shifts in precipitation, freshening from glacier melt, changing ocean productivity, and circulation patterns, increasing occurrence of extreme climatic events, eutrophication, and ocean acidification are all stressors that will influence marine aquaculture. The objective of this themed article set was to bring together contributions on the broad theme of the potential impacts,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bivalve; Blue economy; Carbon; Climate change; Marine diseases; Mitigation; Ocean acidification; Plasticity; Salmon; Seaweed; Sustainability.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79406/81951.pdf

Factors influencing disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Pernet, Fabrice.
Mortalities of oyster Crassostrea gigas seed associated with ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar have been observed in many oyster-producing countries since 2008. The present study, comprised of 4 complementary experiments, aimed to identify factors associated with disease-induced oyster mortality in order to propose mitigation strategies. Our first experiment compared survival of oysters from natural spatfall with others sampled from nurseries, after thermal elevation in the laboratory from &lt;14 to 21°C. A total of 60% of the tested wild seed batches (n = 51) were infected by OsHV-1, exhibited mortality and were able to transmit the disease to cohabited naïve oysters. Comparatively, only 1 out of the 32 tested batches sampled from nurseries presented...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Risk analyses; Shellfish farming; Virus OsHV-1 mu Var.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00257/36777/35390.pdf

Infectious diseases in oyster aquaculture require a new integrated approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lupo, Coralie; Bacher, Cedric; Whittington, Richard J.
Emerging diseases pose a recurrent threat to bivalve aquaculture. Recently, massive mortality events in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas associated with the detection of a microvariant of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 µVar) have been reported in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Although the spread of disease is often viewed as a governance failure, we suggest that the development of protective measures for bivalve farming is presently held back by the lack of key scientific knowledge. In this paper, we explore the case for an integrated approach to study the management of bivalve disease, using OsHV-1 as a case study. Reconsidering the key issues by incorporating multidisciplinary science could provide a holistic under-standing of OsHV-1 and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Disease management; Epidemiology; Multidisciplinary; Risk.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00314/42537/41912.pdf

Effect of shear velocity and flow regimes on scallop post-larval detachment feed on two different diets
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gagne, Renee; Tremblay, Rejean; Olivier, Frederic; Pernet, Fabrice; Miner, Philippe; Samain, Jean-francois.
Through biological flume experiments, we studied the effect of shear velocity and attachment period on the percent detachment of Pecten maximus post-larvae of different sizes reared on two experimental diets. The first diet, (Pavlova lutheri, Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros calcitrans), which served as a reference diet (PTC), is commonly used in bivalve hatcheries; the second is the PTC diet with the addition of Rhodomonas salina (PTCR). Our results indicate that the detachment of post-larvae fed PTCR diet showed significant interactions between scallop length, attachment period and shear stress, while the post-larvae feed with the PTC diet showed only effect of shear stress factor. Furthermore, post-larvae exposed to various flume velocities showed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Attachment; Pecten maximus; Benthic boundary layer; Flume; Diet.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00111/22219/20056.pdf

Remodeling of membrane lipids in gills of adult hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria during declining temperature
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Parent, G; Pernet, Fabrice; Tremblay, R; Sevigny, J; Ouellette, M.
In a previous study, a major remodeling of lipids, consistent with the theory of homeoviscous adaptation, was observed in the juvenile hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria during a temperature reduction from 24 to -1 degrees C. In addition, the lipid remodeling varied between genetically distinct lines of hard clams. The present study examined whether adult hard clams originating from different locations and a selectively bred variety show differences related to their genetic characteristics in the remodeling of lipids that normally occur during decreasing temperatures. Wild hard clams from 4 locations in Atlantic Canada and the selectively bred M mercenaria var. notata were held at an aquaculture growout site located at the northern distribution limit of the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sterol; Phospholipid; Membrane lipid; Intraspecific variation; Food; Fatty acid; Bivalve; Allozymes; Acclimatization.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4743.pdf

The marine intertidal zone shapes oyster and clam digestive bacterial microbiota
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Offret, Clement; Paulino, Sauvann; Gauthier, Olivier; Château, Kevin; Bidault, Adeline; Corporeau, Charlotte; Miner, Philippe; Petton, Bruno; Pernet, Fabrice; Fabioux, Caroline; Paillard, Christine; Blay, Gwenaelle Le.
Digestive microbiota provides a wide range of beneficial effects on host physiology and are therefore likely to play a key role in marine intertidal bivalve ability to acclimatize to the intertidal zone. This study investigated the effect of intertidal levels on the digestive bacterial microbiota of oysters Crassostrea gigas and clams Ruditapes philippinarum, two bivalves with different ecological niches. Based on the 16S rRNA region sequencing, digestive glands, seawater and sediments harbored specific bacterial communities, dominated by OTUs assigned to the Mycoplasmatales, Desulfobacterales and Rhodobacterales orders, respectively. Field implantation modified digestive bacterial microbiota of both bivalve species according to their intertidal position....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbiota; Oysters; Clams; Intertidal zone; Digestive gland; Metabarcoding.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00628/73961/73320.pdf

Traitement à haute température des huîtres infectées par l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). TEMPO - Rapport 2016
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice.
Le naissain d’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas est touché chaque année depuis 2008 par des mortalités causées par un microvariant de l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar). Plusieurs études montrent que ces évènements de mortalité se produisent préférentiellement lorsque la température de l’eau est comprise entre 16°C et 24°C. Par conséquent, une exposition rapide des huîtres infectées par OsHV-1 à des températures supérieures à 24°C pourrait limiter les mortalités causées par le virus. Il est proposé de (1) vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’exposition à haute température réduit la mortalité des huîtres infectées par OsHV-1, et (2) déterminer si les animaux qui ont survécu suite à l’infection par OsHV-1 et au traitement thermique sont...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidémiologie; Huître; OsHV-1; Risque; Survie; Température; Epidemiology; Oysters; OsHV-1; Risk; Survival; Temperature.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00434/54574/55953.pdf

Bacterial colonization of winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus fed live feed enriched with three different commercial diets
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Seychelles, L. H.; Audet, C.; Tremblay, R.; Lemarchand, K.; Pernet, Fabrice.
The proliferation of bacteria in intensive aquaculture systems may be responsible for poor growth and mass mortality of marine fish larvae. Essential fatty acids provided in the diet could protect larvae by modulation of the immune response via arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus larvae were fed rotifers Brachionus plicatilis enriched with three commercial diets containing different fatty acid profiles. Bacterial colonization on the gills and skin and in the intestinal lumen was evaluated at the end of the rotifer feeding period (day 26), and growth was surveyed until metamorphosis. At 26 days post hatching, larvae fed rotifers containing the higher AA content and with a higher...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Colonization; Fatty acids; Live feed; Winter flounder.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14273/12399.pdf

Spatial epidemiological modelling of infection by Vibrio aestuarianus shows that connectivity and temperature control oyster mortality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lupo, Coralie; Dutta, Bhagat Lal; Petton, Sebastien; Ezanno, P; Tourbiez, Delphine; Travers, Marie-agnes; Pernet, Fabrice; Bacher, Cedric.
Vibrio aestuarianus infection in oyster populations causes massive mortality, resulting in losses for oyster farmers. Such dynamics result from host-pathogen interactions and contagion through water-borne transmission. To assess the spatiotemporal spread of V. aestuarianus infection and associated oyster mortality at a bay scale, we built a mathematical model informed by experimental infection data at 2 temperatures and spatially dependent marine connectivity of oyster farms. We applied the model to a real system and tested the importance of each factor using a number of modelling scenarios. Results suggest that introducing V. aestuarianus in a fully susceptible adult oyster population in the bay would lead to the mortality of all farmed oysters over 6 to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Basic reproduction number; Crassostrea gigas; Hydrodynamics; Oyster disease; Sensitivity analysis; Vibrio aestuarianus.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00662/77459/79114.pdf

Low pH reduced survival of the oyster Crassostrea gigas exposed to the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 by altering the metabolic response of the host
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fuhrmann, Marine; Richard, Gaëlle; Quere, Claudie; Petton, Bruno; Pernet, Fabrice.
Environmental change in the marine realm has been accompanied by emerging diseases as new pathogens evolve to take advantage of hosts weakened by environmental stress. Here we investigated how an exposure to reduced seawater pH influenced the response of the oyster Crassostrea gigas to an infection by the Ostreid herpesvirus type I (OsHV-1). Oysters were acclimated at pH 8.1 or pH 7.8 and then exposed to OsHV-1. Their survival was monitored and oyster tissues were sampled for biochemical analyses. The survival of oysters exposed to OsHV-1 at pH 7.8 was lower (33.5%) than that of their counterparts at pH 8.1 (44.8%) whereas levels of OsHV-1 DNA were similar. Energetic reserves, fatty acid composition and prostaglandin levels in oyster did not vary...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Acidification; Bivalve; Disease; Environment; Metabolism; Mortality risk.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00472/58334/60887.pdf

Expression of candidate genes related to metabolism, immunity and cellular stress during massive mortality in the American oyster Crassostrea virginica larvae in relation to biochemical and physiological parameters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Genard, Bertrand; Moraga, Dario; Pernet, Fabrice; David, Elise; Boudry, Pierre; Tremblay, Rejean.
Quantification of mRNA of genes related to metabolism, immunity and cellular stress was examined in relation to a massive mortality event during the culture of American oyster larvae, Crassostrea virginica which was probably, in regard to previous microbiological analysis, induced by vibrio infection. To document molecular changes associated with the mortality event, mRNA levels were compared to biochemical and physiological data, previously described in a companion paper. Among the 18 genes studied, comparatively to the antibiotic control, 10 showed a lower relative gene expression when the massive mortality occurred. Six of them are presumed to be related to metabolism, corroborating the metabolic depression associated with the mortality event suggested...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Massive mortality; Relative gene expression; Metabolism; Immunity; Cellular stress; Larvae.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00075/18585/16138.pdf

Metabolism of the Pacific oyster,     Crassostrea gigas     , is influenced by salinity and modulates survival to the Ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fuhrmann, Marine; Delisle, Lizenn; Petton, Bruno; Corporeau, Charlotte; Pernet, Fabrice.
The Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is an osmoconforming bivalve exposed to wide salinity fluctuations. The physiological mechanisms used by oysters to cope with salinity stress are energy demanding and may impair other processes, such as defense against pathogens. This oyster species has been experiencing recurrent mortality events caused by the Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of salinity (10, 15, 25 and 35‰) on energetic reserves, key enzyme activities and membrane fatty acids, and to identify the metabolic risk factors related to OsHV-1-induced mortality of oysters. Acclimation to low salinity led to increased water content, protein level, and energetic reserves (carbohydrates and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Disease; Environment; Metabolism; Mortality risk; Salinity.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00427/53886/54958.pdf

Isotope and fatty acid trends along continental shelf depth gradients: Inshore versus offshore hydrological influences on benthic trophic functioning
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chouvelon, Tiphaine; Schaal, G.; Grall, J.; Pernet, Fabrice; Perdriau, M.; A-pernet, E. J.; Le Bris, H.
Anthropogenic activities and land-based inputs into the sea may influence the trophic structure and functioning of coastal and continental shelf ecosystems, despite the numerous opportunities and services the latter offer to humans and wildlife. In addition, hydrological structures and physical dynamics potentially influence the sources of organic matter (e.g., terrestrial versus marine, or fresh material versus detrital material) entering marine food webs. Understanding the significance of the processes that influence marine food webs and ecosystems (e.g., terrestrial inputs, physical dynamics) is crucially important because trophic dynamics are a vital part of ecosystem integrity. This can be achieved by identifying organic matter sources that enter food...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00275/38612/37468.pdf

Inefficient immune response is associated with microbial permissiveness in juvenile oysters affected by mass mortalities on field
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: De Lorgeril, Julien; Escoubas, Jean Michel; Loubiere, Vincent; Pernet, Fabrice; Le Gall, Patrik; Vergnes, Agnes; Aujoulat, Fabien; Jeannot, Jean-luc; Jumas-bilak, Estelle; Got, Patrice; Gueguen, Yannick; Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Bachere, Evelyne.
Since 2008, juvenile Crassostrea gigas oysters have suffered from massive mortalities in European farming areas. This disease of complex etiology is still incompletely understood. Triggered by an elevated seawater temperature, it has been associated to infections by a herpes virus named OsHV-1 as well as pathogenic vibrios of the Splendidus clade. Ruling out the complexity of the disease, most of our current knowledge has been acquired in controlled experiments. Among the many unsolved questions, it is still ignored what role immunity plays in the capacity oysters have to survive an infectious episode. Here we show that juvenile oysters susceptible to the disease mount an inefficient immune response associated with microbial permissiveness and death. We...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Host pathogen interaction; Innate immunity; Invertebrate; Mollusk; In situ mortality; Total bacteria; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00433/54470/55845.pdf

Metabolic responses of clam Ruditapes philippinarum exposed to its pathogen Vibrio tapetis in relation to diet
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Gaelle; Guerard, Fabienne; Corporeau, Charlotte; Lambert, Christophe; Paillard, Christine; Pernet, Fabrice.
We investigated the effect of brown ring disease (BRD)1 development and algal diet on energy reserves and activity of enzymes related to energy metabolism, antioxidant system and immunity in Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. We found that algal diet did not impact the metabolic response of clams exposed to Vibrio tapetis. At two days post-injection (dpi), activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) decreased whereas activities of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and catalase increased in infected clams, although no clinical signs were visible (BRD-). At 7 dpi, activities of several antioxidant and immune-related enzymes were markedly increased in BRD-likely indicating an efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging compared to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant enzymes; Immunity; Energetic metabolism; Ruditapes philippinarum; Vibrio tapetis.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00316/42684/42057.pdf

The Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (VDAC) of Pacific Oysters Crassostrea gigas Is Upaccumulated During Infection by the Ostreid Herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1): an Indicator of the Warburg Effect
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delisle, Lizenn; Fuhrmann, Marine; Quere, Claudie; Pauletto, Marianna; Pichereau, Vianney; Pernet, Fabrice; Corporeau, Charlotte.
Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a key mitochondrial protein. VDAC drives cellular energy metabolism by controlling the influx and efflux of metabolites and ions through the mitochondrial membrane, playing a role in its permeabilization. This protein exerts a pivotal role during the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection in shrimp, through its involvement in a particular metabolism that plays in favor of the virus, the Warburg effect. The Warburg effect corresponds to an atypical metabolic shift toward an aerobic glycolysis that provides energy for rapid cell division and resistance to apoptosis. In the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, the Warburg effect occurs during infection by Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1). At present, the role of VDAC in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Voltage-dependent anion channel; Warburg effect; Crassostrea gigas; Ostreid herpes virus.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00420/53129/54142.pdf

Physiological and biochemical changes associated with massive mortality events occurring in larvae of American oyster (Crassostrea virginica)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Genard, Bertrand; Pernet, Fabrice; Lemarchand, Karine; Boudry, Pierre; Moraga, Dario; Tremblay, Rejean.
In this paper, biochemical and physiological analyses were used to characterize changes associated with mortality event occurred during veliger development of American oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Biochemical analyses included the evaluation of lipid classes, fatty acid composition and total protein content. Larval physiology was evaluated by studying feeding activity, enzymes related to energy metabolism, oxidative stress levels and enzymatic antioxidant defenses. These analyses were complemented by bacterial community analyses as well as by measuring larval oyster performance. We observed that mortality events coincided with (1) strong changes in the surrounding bacterial community; (2) a progressive decrease in feeding activity; (3) higher levels of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Massive mortality; Larvae; Microbial environment; Lipid; Fatty acids; Energy metabolism; Oxidative stress; Antioxidant enzymes; Crassostrea virginica.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00051/16231/13753.pdf

Marine diatoms sustain growth of bivalves in a Mediterranean lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Malet, Nathalie; Pastoureaud, Annie; Vaquer, Andre; Quere, Claudie; Dubroca, Laurent.
Carbon stable isotopes and fatty acids were measured in the suspended particulate organic matter (POM) of the Thau lagoon to study its qualitative temporal changes in relation to environmental factors and to identify the food sources of bivalves over a one-yr-cycle in relation to their growth. Reciprocally, the impact of shellfish farming on POM was also studied. Oysters and mussels were sampled and measured for biometry, stable isotopes and fatty acid composition. Water samples were collected at two sites, both inside and outside of the shellfish farming area, to determine concentrations in POM, chlorophyll a (Chl a) and stable isotopes. Carbon isotopes and fatty acids in bivalves reflected seasonal changes in food sources, which varied consistently with...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Bivalve; Competition; Feeding ecology; Growth; Trophic markers.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00075/18575/16177.pdf

Low settlement of the pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in the Thau lagoon reflects competition for space and food
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rayssac, Nathalie; Malet, Nathalie; Pernet, Fabrice.
The objective of this work is to understand why oysters Crassostrea gigas shows low settlement success in the Thau lagoon despite the fact that biomass of adults is elevated and that larvae show normal development in the water column. Our hypotheses are that oysters compete for food or space with other filter-feeders animals such as sponges, ascidians and other bivalves. To test the trophic hypothesis, we analysed the entire settler community harvested on four-month-old collectors deployed in the Thau lagoon during the summer 2009 for stable isotopes and fatty acids. Based on the isotopic, crustacean amphipods and barnacles can be rejected as a potential food competitor of juvenile oysters. However, other bivalves such as Mytilus sp., Anomia sp., and...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12665/9555.pdf

Les pratiques culturales peuvent-elles permettre de réduire la surmortalité du naissain d'huîtres creuses? Récapitulatif des essais d'élevage et expérimentations zootechniques menés sur le territoire français entre 2008 et 2010
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Soletchnik, Patrick; Mazurie, Joseph; Allain, Gwenhael; Bedier, Edouard; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Blin, Jean-louis; Bouquet, Anne-lise; Cochet, Hélène; Degremont, Lionel; Gaussem, Florian; Gervasoni, Erika; Glize, Philippe; Petton, Bruno; Roussel, Pierre-yves; Pernet, Fabrice.
This paper summarizes knowledge about relations between husbandry practices and oyster spat mortalities since 2008 in France. These relations are strictly analyzed from a panel of experiments set on the shore (in outdoor experiments) by Ifremer teams and technical institutes all over French coasts. Results show some practices are able to reduce spat mortality with some influencing factors relevant of spat quality (sanitary status, natural or genetic selection) or husbandry practices. Spat “free” of virus is able to survive up to 90% when it is isolated and confined in ponds or nursery, during an epidemic crisis. When outbreaks occurred in oyster beds, natural or nursery spat died in almost same proportions. In 2010, some studies conducted in Mediterranean...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Surmortalité; Naissain; Huître creuse; OsHV-1; Pratiques culturales; Mortality; Spat; Cupped oyster; Crassostrea gigas; OsHV-1; Cultural practices.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00032/14280/25847.pdf