Consulta: creatorFacets:"Pommepuy, Monique"
Registros recuperados: 67
Data/hora: 14/06/2024 20:17:53

Rejets urbains et contamination fecale
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Dupray, Elisabeth; Guillaud, Jean-francois; Derrien, A; L'Yavanc, Jacky; Cormier, M.
The behaviour of fecal bacteria was investigated in a turbid estuary which is also a shellfishing area. Sediments are polluted by sewage by the way of settlement, fecal bacteria mixed with estuarine water being able to survive a very long time (T90 are about several days). By measuring the increase of salt tolerance of the strains grown in natural estuarine organic matter, it was demonstrated that Escherichia coli is able to support the salinity of coastal water. Moreover, because light penetration is obstructed by suspended matter, the solar bactericidal effect is very low. A close relationship between T90 and light intensity received by the bacteria is found. These mechanisms can explain the low die-off rate found in turbid areas.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00267/37860/35941.pdf

Three-year study to assess human enteric viruses in shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Miossec, Laurence; Dubois, Eric; Pommepuy, Monique.
The main pathogenic enteric viruses able to persist in the environment, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), enterovirus (EV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AV), were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and hybridization in shellfish during a 3-year study. Oyster samples (n = 108), occasionally containing bacteria, were less frequently contaminated, showing positivity for AV (17%), NLV (23%), EV (19%), and RV (27%), whereas mussel samples, collected in areas routinely impacted by human sewage, were more highly contaminated: AV (50%), HAV (13%), NLV (35%), EV (45%), and RV (52%). Sequences obtained from HAV and NLV amplicons shelved a great variety of strains, especially for NLV (strains close to Mexico, Snow Mountain Agent, or...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Molecular technique; Seasonal variation; Human pathology; Viral contamination; Shellfish; Enteric virus.
Ano: 2000
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00507/61879/65953.pdf

Evidence of the presence of viral shellfish contamination in shellfish after short rainfall events
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Serais, Ophelie; Krol, Joanna; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Salvagnac, P.; Delmas, G.; Cicchelero, V.; Claudet, J.; Pothier, P.; Balay, K.; Fiandrino, Annie; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Infectious diseases linked to the consumption of raw shellfish have long been identified. Over the past century, various strategies have been set up in shellfish growing areas throughout the world to guarantee the sanitary quality of shellfish and to protect consumers. However despite sanitary improvements, human enteric viruses - especially Hepatitis A virus and norovirus– have been found to be associated with shellfish outbreaks. A recent example demonstrated the impact of storm events. Following heavy rain and sewage overflow, shellfish beds were contaminated and the shellfish from them were marketed after depuration. However, since viruses persist longer than fecal contamination indicator bacteria, several clusters of gastroenteritis cases were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virus; Shellfish; Contamination events.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17736/15257.pdf

Monitoring viral contamination of molluscan shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Infectious diseases linked to the consumption of raw shellfish like oysters, mussels, cockles and clams, have long been identified. Bacterial diseases such as cholera and typhoid fever were the first to be suspected of being linked to consumption of contaminated shellfish (Butt et al., 2004). During the past century, various strategies have been established in shellfish growing areas throughout the world to assure the sanitary quality of shellfish. More recently, despite sanitary surveys, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus and enteric viruses - especially Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and norovirus (NoV) – were found to be associated in outbreaks of human illness.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12607/9485.pdf

Use of rotavirus virus-like particles as surrogates to evaluate virus persistence in shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Loisy, Fabienne; Atmar, R; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Cohen, J; Caprais, Marie-paule; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Rotavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) and MS2 bacteriophages were bioaccumulated in bivalve mollusks to evaluate viral persistence in shellfish during depuration and relaying under natural conditions. Using this nonpathogenic surrogate virus, we were able to demonstrate that about 1 log(10) of VLPs was depurated after 1 week in warm seawater (22 degrees C). Phage MS2 was depurated more rapidly (about 2 log(10) in 1 week) than were VLPs, as determined using a single-compartment model and linear regression analysis. After being relayed in the estuary under the influence of the tides, VLPs were detected in oysters for up to 82 days following seeding with high levels of VLPs (concentration range between 10(10) and 10(9) particles per g of pancreatic tissue)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seawater; Viral diseases; Bioaccumulation; Depuration; Contamination; Model; Pancreas; Regression analysis; Shellfish; Phages; Virus.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1233.pdf

Etude de l'activité enzymatique pour la détection des entérobactéries en eau de mer
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Melikechi, H; Pommepuy, Monique; Caprais, Marie-paule.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00041/15207/12535.pdf

Validity of Escherichia coli, enterovirus, and F-specific RNA bacteriophages as indicators of viral shellfish contamination
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pelletier, Dominique; Haugarreau, Larissa; Caprais, Marie-paule; Pommepuy, Monique.
The sanitary classification of harvesting areas for bivalve mollusks in France is based on the level of Escherichia Coli contamination detected in shellfish meat, as defined in EC Directive 91/492 EEC. However, outbreaks of gastroenteritis or hepatitis after consumption of shellfish meeting current bacteriological standards suggest that E. coli is a poor indicator of viral contamination. The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of enterovirus and F-specific RNA bacteriophages as new indicators of human enteric viruses. Shellfish were sampled over a 37-mo period to characterize microbial contamination in two coastal areas subjected to different sewage contamination inputs. Contamination by E. coli, F-specific RNA bacteriophages (F+ RNA) and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Indicator; Escherichia coli; F specific RNA bacteriophages; Enteric viruses; Viral contamination; Shellfish.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10006/7794.pdf

Contamination de l'environnement littoral par les rotavirus du groupe A
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dubois, Eric; Le Guyader, Francoise; Kopecka, Helena; Miossec, Laurence; Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00116/22699/20439.pdf

Detection of multiple noroviruses associated with an international gastroenteritis outbreak linked to oyster consumption
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Bon, Fabienne; Demedici, Dario; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Bertone, Alessandra; Crudeli, Silvia; Doyle, Aoife; Zidane, Mohamed; Suffredini, Elisabetta; Kohli E, Evelyne; Maddalo, Francesco; Monini, Marina; Gallay, Anne; Pommepuy, Monique; Pothier, Pierre; Ruggeri, Franco M.
An international outbreak linked to oyster consumption involving a group of over 200 people in Italy and 127 total subjects in 13 smaller clusters in France was analyzed using epidemiological and clinical data and shellfish samples. Environmental information from the oyster-producing area, located in a lagoon in southern France, was collected to investigate the possible events leading to the contamination. Virologic analyses were conducted by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) using the same primer sets for both clinical and environmental samples. After sequencing, the data were analyzed through the database operated by the scientific network FoodBorne Viruses in Europe. The existence of an international collaboration between laboratories was critical to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seafood; Contamination; Norovirus; Epidemiology; Virology; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2096.pdf

Qualité microbiologique des coquillages destinés à la consommation humaine : contamination des coquillages par des virus. Sous-région marine Manche - Mer du Nord. Evaluation initiale DCSMM.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Manche; Mer du Nord; Coquillages; Virus; Risques; Sources de contamination; Impacts; Suivi.
Ano: 2012
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00328/43875/43449.pdf

Les Toxi-Infections Alimentaires Collectives (TIAC) virales associées à la consommation d'huîtres en France, hiver 2000-2001
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zidane, Mohamed; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
During the winter 2000/2001, several outbreaks associated with the consumption of shellfish were declared in France. Following these events, a close cooperation was organized between administrations and laboratories (DGAL, DPMA, InVS, AFSSA, Ifremer, CHU-Dijon and CNC) to gather competences and to manage the situation. This report synthesizes the information collected during these outbreaks.  From the outset, the epidemiologic investigations directed the research towards viral contamination and shellfish as contamination source. Several outbreaks were investigated. Oysters and stools samples from ill patients were analysed by RT-PCR for viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus, norovirus and astrovirus). The genic amplification was done by using the same primers in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Épidémie; Gastro-entérites; Huîtres; Contamination virale; RT-PCR; Norovirus; TIAC.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00068/17941/15476.pdf

Modeling of Faecal Contamination in Water from Catchment to Shellfish Growing Area
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougeard, Morgane; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Perenne, Nicolas; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
During rainstorms, watersheds can introduce large amounts of faecal pollution into the rivers and sea, leading to shellfish contamination. In this study, we assessed Escherichia coli fluxes from a catchment, and their impact on estuarine water quality, using two assembled models. For the catchment, the agro-hydrological model SWAT was implemented integrating land uses, soil, topography, rainfall and other climatic data on Daoulas watershed (France). Initially, the SWAT model was calibrated and validated for river flow rates, and results were found satisfactory. Subsequently, different faecal contamination sources were integrated into the model: point sources (WWTP discharges into rivers) and non-point sources (manure spreading on fields). During rainfall...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modeling; SWAT; MARS; E. coli; Shellfish; Catchment; Estuary.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17748/15270.pdf

Possible relation between a winter epidemic of acute gastroenteritis in France and viral contamination of shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Comps, Marie-annick; Pommepuy, Monique.
Several outbreaks of gastroenteritis related to the consumption of shellfish (frequently eaten raw) have been reported in different parts of the world. In Europe, hum an calicivirus infections may have been involved in winter outbreaks in recent years, although there is little evidence confirming such viral contamination in shellfish. This study presents the first results of a field survey on viral contamination in two shelllish harvesting areas along the French Mediterranean coast. The first, consisting mainly of oyster beds, was c1assified in category A, as determined by fecal coliform counts in shellfish (European Community Directive 91/492), and the second, a mussel bed, was c1assified in category C. Shelllish samples were collected monthly between...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Viral contamination; Enterovirus; Human calicivirus; Rotavirus; Astrovirus; Fecal coliforms; Gastroenteritis.
Ano: 1998
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00001/11257/7802.pdf

Contamination virale de coquillages responsables d'une épidémie de gastro-entérites à Poitiers, mars 1997
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Le Guyader, Francoise; Haeghebaert, S.; Gasnier, Ph.; Bellier, J.y.; Vaillant, V.; Camus, P.; Pommepuy, Monique; Abou-saleh, M.j.; Clavelin, Ph.; Bobo, J.p.; Masson, D.; Desenclos, J.c.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00001/11244/7780.pdf

Etude au microscope electronique a balayage des relations entre bacteries et matieres en suspension en milieu marin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cormier, M; Bassoulet, P; Pommepuy, Monique.
Near outfall areas numerous bacteria appear associated to colloidal organic matter present in littoral sea water. Arrangements into colonies are shown. Surface structures are observed which allow bacteria's attachment each to other and to organic matter.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Outfalls; Electron microscopy; Flocculation; Colloids; Adhesion; Suspended particulate matter.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-966.pdf

Responses of enteric bacteria to environmental stresses in seawater
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Troussellier, Marc; Bonnefont, Jean-luc; Courties, Claude; Derrien, Annick; Dupray, Elizabeth; Gauthier, Michel; Gourmelon, Michele; Joux, Fabien; Lebaron, Philippe; Martin, Yvan; Pommepuy, Monique.
The effects of different environmental factors (nutrient deprivation, hyperosmotic shock, exposure to light) on enteric bacteria which have been transferred into the marine environment, have been studied experimentally (microcosms) by considering demographic, physiological and genetic responses in Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium populations. Short-term experiments (less than or equal to 48 h) showed that nutrient deprivation induced limited changes in measured bacteriological variables, but when combined with hyperosmotic shock, it results in an energy charge decrease and inactivation of membrane transport. Light exposure mainly affects the colony-forming capacity of bacterial populations. Combining different stress factors confirmed the rapid...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetics; Cellular states; Physiology; Seawater; Enteric bacteria; Génétique; Etats cellulaires; Physiologie; Eau de mer; Entérobactéries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-845.pdf

Recherche des Escherichia coli vérotoxiques (VTEC) dont E. coli O157 : H7 dans l'environnement marin (coquillages)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gourmelon, Michele; Montet, Mp; Loaec, Solen; Le Mennec, Cecile; Pommepuy, Monique; Vernoy-rozand, C.
La qualité sanitaire du milieu marin côtier est influencée par la présence de rejets urbains ou de rejets diffus d'origine agricole. Ces effluents sont riches en bactéries ou virus d'origine fécale, dont certains ont été mis en cause dans des pathologies humaines (Beeching, 1997 ; Feldhusen, 2000 ; Lipp et Rose, 1997 ; Yam et al., 1999). Parmi les microorganismes pouvant présenter un danger pour l'homme, certains, pathogènes émergents ces dernières années, n'ont été que récemment recherchés dans l'environnement : on peut citer les Cryptosporidium et les Giardia pour les parasites, les norovirus pour les virus et les Escherichia coli vérotoxiques (VTEC) pour les bactéries. Ces derniers ne sont connus que depuis 1982, date à laquelle E. coli 0157 : H7 a été...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00106/21697/19276.pdf

Mise en place d'éléments permettant le fonctionnement d'organismes stressés dans un écosystème pertubé - 2ème partie : rôle et expression du gène rpoS chez Escherichia Coli en situation de stress
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Wieliczko, Etienne; Gourmelon, Michele; Dupray, Elisabeth; Derrien, A.; Caprais, Marie-paule; Pommepuy, Monique.
D'un point de vue purement écologique, le milieu marin est particulièrement agressif pour les bactéries d'origine entérique. Jusqu'à la fin des années soixante dix, il était généralement admis que ces bactéries pathogènes étaient détruites en quelques heures dans l'eau de mer, ou selon l'espèce en quelques jours. On parlait alors du "pouvoir auto-épurateur" de l'eau de mer. Depuis des travaux plus récents ont démontré la persistance de microorganismes dans les zones littorales. En fait, la survie en mer des bactéries d'origine fécale dans le milieu marin dépend de deux grands facteurs : la qualité de l'eau ou du sédiment permettant aux bactéries de mettre en oeuvre plus ou moins facilement des mécanismes de "résistance", et leur historique avant leur rejet...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00105/21630/19210.pdf

Programme national d'océanographie côtière (P.N.O.C.), volet "Microbiologie sanitaire", résumé des activités et des travaux
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Les zones marines littorales reçoivent des rejets d'eaux usées d'origine urbaine et agricole qui contiennent de très grandes quantités de micro-organismes dont certains sont pathogènes pour l'homme ; dans environnements hostiles, la dispersion et les conditions vie défavorables font que ces bactéries et virus disparaissent rapidement ou évoluent vers un état non cultivable. Cependant, certains milieux - sédiments, eaux turbides ou eutrophisées présentent favorables à la survie bactéries et à la protection des particules virales, Les travaux réalisés ces dernières ont apporté la preuve que bactéries sont capables de survivre dans l'environnement, d'adapter leur métabolisme aux conditions naturelles et sur très longues périodes ; dans ces conditions évoluent...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00040/15158/12494.pdf

Potential of F-specific RNA bacteriophages to discriminate sources of faecal pollution in French shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Caprais, Marie-paule; Le Mennec, Cecile; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Gourmelon, Michele.
In Europe, shellfish harvesting areas are classified according European Directive EC N°854/2004, using classic faecal indicator levels (Escherichia coli). A better indicator is needed, however, because shellfish may contain other human pathogens. Other indicator organisms have therefore been evaluated and, among these, coliphages meet most of the requirements to serve as indicators and models for enteroviruses. In order to evaluate the capacity of coliphages as indicators, a total of 764 shellfish were sampled in 2004 from 70 shellfish harvesting areas monitored by the Ifremer microbiological surveillance network (REMI, http://www.ifremer.fr/envlit/), and tested for F-specific RNA bacteriophages (FRNAPH). Two species of bivalve mollusc were collected...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: F-specific RNA bacteriophage; Shellfish; Faecal pollution; Discrimination.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17749/15271.pdf

Detection of cytotoxin-hemolysin mRNA in nonculturable populations of environmental and clinical Vibrio vulnificus strains in artificial seawater
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Fischer Le Saux, Marion; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Loaec, Solen; Colwell, Rita; Pommepuy, Monique.
The objective of this study was to develop a molecular detection method that better estimates the potential risk associated with the presence of Vibrio vulnificus. For that purpose, we applied seminested reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) to viable but nonculturable (VBNC) populations of V. vulnificus and targeted the cytotoxin-hemolysin virulence gene vvhA. Three strains, two environmental, IF Vv10 and IF Vv18, and one clinical, C7184, were used in this study. Artificial seawater, inoculated with mid-log-phase cells, was maintained at 4degreesC. VBNC cells resulted after 3, 6, and 14 days for C7184, IF Vv18, and IF Vv10, respectively. Our data indicate that seminested RT-PCR is sensitive for the detection of vvhA mRNA in artificial seawater when...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Artificial seawater; Reverse transcription PCR; Cytotoxin Hemolysin; Molecular detection method; Vibrio vulnificus.
Ano: 2002
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-1269.pdf

Étude de la capacité de toxicogenèse de la souche d'Escherichia coli H10407 introduite en eau de mer synthétique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jolivet Gougeon, Anne; Tamanai Shacoori, Zohreh; Pommepuy, Monique; Cormier, Michel.
Survival of Escherichia coli H10407 strain, introduced into artificial seawater during exponential and stationary growth phases, was studied for seven days. Pathogenicity of stressed bacteria in these conditions was estimated by detection of the thermolabile toxin LT (excreted in situ in artificial seawater) and the elt-coding gene (always detected). Emergence of viable but non-culturable bacteria appeared as an important stage in the pathogenic evolution of this strain; resuscitation experiments were attempted to confirm the expression of the elt-gene of virulence. This resuscitation was only possible during the first two or three days after stress when the bacteria are still virulent. More than three days after the stress, the bacteria were not able to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bactéries viables non cultivables; Gène elt; Digoxigénine; PCR; Escherichia coli entérotoxinogènes (ETEC); Viable non culturable bacteria; Elt gene; Digoxigenin; PCR; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ETEC.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-524.pdf

Toxi-infections alimentaires collectives à coquillages et expertise crise d'Arcachon - Année 2006
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
En 2006, le nombre d'informations recensées par Ifremer, relatives aux toxi-infections alimentaires collectives (TIAC) liées à la consommation de coquillages vivants en France a triplé par rapport aux années précédentes, avec 45 foyers suspectés ou confirmés pour environ 400 cas estimés. Pendant cette même période, les alertes européennes sont restées au même niveau que les années antérieures avec 22 notifications communautaires. Majoritairement, ces TIAC ont été déclarées au cours du premier trimestre de l'année avec comme vecteur alimentaire incriminé principalement les huîtres et comme agent causal suspecté ou identifié les norovirus et un virus émergent, le virus Aichi. Sur l'ensemble de ces TIAC, seul un nombre très limité d'entre elles a pu faire...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00306/41708/40919.pdf

Three-year study to assess human enteric viruses in shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Miossec, Laurence; Dubois, Eric; Pommepuy, Monique.
The main pathogenic enteric viruses able to persist in the environment, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), enterovirus (EV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AV), were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and hybridization in shellfish during a 3-year study. Oyster samples (n = 108), occasionally containing bacteria, were less frequently contaminated, showing positivity for AV (17%), NLV (23%), EV (19%), and RV (27%), whereas mussel samples, collected in areas routinely impacted by human sewage, were more highly contaminated: AV (50%), HAV (13%), NLV (35%), EV (45%), and RV (52%). Sequences obtained from HAV and NLV amplicons shelved a great variety of strains, especially for NLV (strains close to Mexico, Snow Mountain Agent, or...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Molecular technique; Seasonal variation; Human pathology; Viral contamination; Shellfish; Enteric virus.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-1363.pdf

Devenir des bactéries entériques en milieu littoral. Effet du stress sur leur survie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Le devenir des bactéries entériques rejetées en mer a été étudié sur cinq zones côtières du littoral français : la côte Ouest du Cotentin, la rade de Brest, l'estuaire de Morlaix, la rade de Toulon et la Baie de Fort de France. Sur chaque site, une étude a permis de déterminer les concentrations en coli formes thermotolérants et en streptocoques fécaux dans les principaux apports. Les salmonelles ont également été recherchées sur trois de ces secteurs. Un calcul de flux permet d'apprécier l'importance des rejets urbains. Dans ces eaux généralement très chargées en contamination fécale, la présence de salmonelles a presque toujours été détectée. La qualité des eaux littorales et des sédiments côtiers a ensuite fait l'objet d'observations. Les...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00052/16319/13822.pdf

The role of models in assessing the impact of sewage overflows on feacal water contamination
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Riou, Philippe; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Dumas, Franck; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goff, R.; Maheux, Frank; Lamort, Laure; Pommepuy, Monique.
Climate change contributes to local weather modifications such as storm events and heavy rainfall, and in particular, changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme storm and rainfall events. Observations have indicated that rainfall-runoff processes, like sewage overflow may induce fecal contamination in coastal water. Pathogens present in runoff water could therefore contaminate shellfish and be responsible for food-borne disease outbreaks. Mathematical models for this were used to predict the effect of climate modifications on shellfish quality. Using a hydrodynamic model, simulations of water quality conditions under a variety of storm event scenarios were run and are presented here for a harvesting area in France. Major storm events occurring in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Modeling; Seawater fecal contamination; E. coli; Virus; Shellfish; Climate change.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17739/15261.pdf

Contamination virale de l'environnement littoral
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Besseau, Laetitia; Haugarreau, Larissa; Le Guyader, Francoise; Menard, Dominique; Pommepuy, Monique; Abadie, Eric; Comps, Marie-annick; Guillou, Jean-louis; Le Bec, Claude; Sauvagnargues, Jean-claude; Bon, Fabienne; Jamot, B.; Kohli E, Evelyne; Potier, P.; Daurat, G.; Guyonnet, J.p.
Les microorganismes, bactéries et virus d'origine entérique, sont abondants dans les rejets urbains. Si la charge bactériologique contenue dans les eaux usées est notablement réduite lors des traitements appliqués dans les stations d'épurations, de nombreux microorganismes persistent et sont rejetés avec les eaux épurées dans le milieu récepteur, en rivière ou directement en mer. Le développement de méthodes analytiques basées sur la biologie moléculaire a permis récemment la détection de virus entériques non cultivables dans les échantillons de l'environnement, tels que les entérovirus, le virus de l'hépatite A, les calicivirus, les astrovirus et les rotavirus. En France, les données publiées sur la présence de ces virus entériques, détectés par RTPCR,...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15552/12941.pdf

Molecular epidemiology of caliciviruses detected in sporadic and outbreak cases of gastroenteritis in France from December 1998 to February 2004
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bon, Fabienne; Ambert Balay, K; Giraudon, H; Kaplon, J; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique; Gallay, A; Vaillant, V; De Valk, H; Chikhi Brachet, R; Flahaut, A; Pothier, P; Kohli, E.
We compiled sequence and epidemiological data from 172 caliciviruses detected in France from December 1998 to February 2004 in sporadic and outbreak cases. The results showed a cocirculation of strains with a majority of genogroup II (GII) noroviruses. Three groups of noroviruses, not detected before in our laboratory, emerged and spread during the period: the recombinant GGIIb and Norwalk-related strains not amplified in the polymerase gene in 2000 and a new Lordsdale variant in 2002. We observed that (I) GII4 noroviruses were predominant in nursing home and hospital outbreaks but rare in oyster- and water-related outbreaks despite continuous circulation in the population; (ii) at the opposite, genogroup I strains were detected in the majority of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genogroup; Cocirculation; Gastroenteritis; Caliciviruses; Epidemiological.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-723.pdf

COQUENPATH - Rôle de l'environnement marin (en particulier des coquillages) sur la sélection de souches humaines ou animales de norovirus pathogènes pour l'homme
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, F.s; Le Pendu, Jacques; Poncet, D; Thebault, Anne; Le Saux, Jean-claude.
L'objectif général du projet est de comprendre le rôle du milieu marin, et en particulier des coquillages, sur la sélection des souches de norovirus humaines ou animales et sur leur pathogénicité potentielle pour l'homme. Des évènements récents ont montré l 'importance du potentiel zoonotique des virus, par voie directe, mais aussi au travers d'aliments potentiellement infectés ou contaminés [Yazaki et al., 2003] 1; [Stavrinides et Guttman, 2004]. L'analyse de l'évolution des Caliciviridae montre ainsi que le virus de l'exanthème vésiculeux du porc (VESV) serait apparu via l'alimentation contenant des farines de poissons jnfectés [Etherington et al. , 2006]. L'émergence de pathogènes au travers d'un passage inter - espèce correspond à des évènements rares,...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15550/12937.pdf

Dragages et environnement marin Etat des connaissances
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Alzieu, Claude; Abarnou, Alain; Bassoullet, Philippe; Boutier, Bernard; Chiffoleau, Jean-francois; Crenn, Isabelle; Derrien, Annick; Erard-le Denn, Evelyne; Gourmelon, Michele; Guiliaud, Jean-françois; Silva Jacinto, Ricardo; Le Cann, Pierre; Le Guyader, Françoise; Le Hir, Pierre; L'Yavanc, Jacky; Mauvais, Jean-louis; Menard, Dominique; Michel, Pierre; Monbet, Yves; Pommepuy, Monique; Quiniou, Francoise.
Port activities require continuous or occasional dredging of considerable quantities of sediments : approximately 50 million m3 along the French coastline. A large proportion of the dredgings is authorized for dumping at sea in geographically delimited areas and following an impact evaluation of their potential harmfulness to the marine environment. The environmental risks assessment linked to dredging operations relies on knowledge related to several scientific disciplines contributing to changes in the regulations. This work, intended both for managers and for environmental scientists and engineers, is designed to take stock of the current state-of-the-art in the field of sediment contamination and related ecotoxicological hazards, along with a review of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Regulations; Management; Impact; Contaminants; Dredging; Réglementation; Gestion; Impact; Contaminants; Dragages.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/rapport-1040.pdf

Developing a strategy to limit shellfish viral contamination
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Derolez, Valerie; Brest, G.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
For shellfish, the viral contamination clearly occurs in the first step of the process i.e. in growing and harvesting areas. As opposed to other foods, there is no proof that other routes (foodhandlers, aerosol), could be at the origin of the seafood contamination (Koopmans &amp; Duizer, 2004). Most of the time, untreated sewage are at the origin of the presence of viruses in shellfish. However, direct contamination by ill people working in the growing area, has also been reported (Berg et al., 2000; Butt et al, 2004).
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17733/15254.pdf

Discrimination between human, pig and ruminant fecal contaminations in a river catchment by real-time PCR using host-specific markers
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mieszkin, Sophie; Furet, Jean-pierre; Corthier, Gerard; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Bougeard, Morgane; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Gourmelon, Michele.
The microbiological quality of coastal waters and shellfish harvesting areas in Brittany (France) can be affected by faecal pollutions from human activities and animal breeding (especially pigs and cattle). To discriminate among faecal pollution of human and animal origin, a library-independent microbial source tracking method was selected: Bacteroidales host-specific 16S rRNA gene markers by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A human-specific Bacteroidales marker (Hum-1-Bac) was designed. Tested on faecal samples, the Hum-1-Bac marker showed 95 % sensitivity and 95 % specificity (n= 80). Average values (± STD) of the Hum-1-Bac marker were found to be 7.3 ± 1.4 16S rRNA gene copies per g wet faeces in human faeces samples (n=10) and 5.7 ± 1.3 log10...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microbial Source Tracking; Host-Specific Bacteroidales Marker; 16S rRNA Gene; Real-Time PCR; Faecal Contamination.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00021/13259/10306.pdf

Contamination virale et indicateurs du risque (Programme Liteau)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Caprais, Marie-paule; Le Mennec, Cecile; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Guyader, Francoise; Camus, Patrick; Dimeet, Joel; Treguier, Cathy; Bon, Fabienne; Pothier, Pierre; Kohli E, Evelyne; Brachet, R.; Flahault, A.; Sarrette, B.; Vilagines, P.
Le développement des activités humaines dans les régions littorales entraîne le rejet de germes pathogènes d'origine fécale dans l'environnement estuarien et marin. L'amélioration des traitements d'épuration, mais aussi la mise en place de normes bactériologiques pour surveiller les zones de production conchylicole, ont entraîné une diminution des épidémies liées à la consommation de coquillages. Ainsi, à l'heure actuelle, même si l'origine de ces gastro-entérites n'est pas élucidée dans sa globalité (rôle probable des vibrios ou d'autres bactéries), les virus semblent jouer un rôle important et leur implication té clairement établie dans les phénomènes épidémiques (Miossec et Vaillant, 2001) Les principaux virus humains susceptibles d'être détectés dans...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15549/12936.pdf

Programme National d'Océanographie Cotière (P.N.O.C) Volet "microbiologie sanitaire". Synthèse des travaux
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
INTRODUCTION Problématique générale Les zones marines côtières reçoivent des rejets d'eaux urbaines et agricoles qui contiennent de grandes quantités de micro-organismes dont certains sont pathogènes pour l'homme (par ex. virus de l'hépatite A. ..). Dans les environnements hostiles, la dispersion et conditions de survie défavorables (énergies lumineuse importante, eau oligotrophe...)  font que les bactéries disparaissent rapidement ou évoluent vers un état non cultivable. Par contre, certains milieux comme les sédiments, les eaux turbides ou eutrophisées, présentent des conditions favorables à la survie des bactéries d'origine entérique et à la protection physique des particules virales. Dans les écosystèmes perturbés de nombreux apports anthropiques, la...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00040/15117/12453.pdf

Detection and Quantification of Noroviruses in Shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Schaeffer, Julien; Bosch, Albert; Loisy, Fabienne; Pommepuy, Monique; Atmar, Robert L.
Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common viral agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans, and high concentrations of NoVs are discharged into the environment. As these viruses are very resistant to inactivation, the sanitary consequences are contamination of food, including molluscan shellfish. There are four major problems with NoV detection in shellfish samples: low levels of virus contamination, the difficulty of efficient virus extraction, the presence of interfering substances that inhibit molecular detection, and NoV genetic variability. The aims of this study were to adapt a kit for use with a method previously shown to be efficient for detection of NoV in shellfish and to use a one step real-time reverse transcription-PCR method with addition of an...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6137.pdf

Norwalk virus-specific binding to oyster digestive tissues
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Loisy, Fabienne; Atmar, R; Hutson, A; Estes, M; Ruvoen-clouet, N; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Pendu, J.
The primary pathogens related to shellfishborne gastroenteritis outbreaks are noroviruses. These viruses show persistence in oysters, which suggests an active mechanism of virus concentration. We investigated whether Norwalk virus or viruslike particles bind specifically to oyster tissues after bioaccumulation or addition to tissue sections. Since noroviruses attach to carbohydrates of the histo-blood group family, tests using immunohistochemical analysis were performed to evaluate specific binding of virus or viruslike particles to oyster tissues through these ligands. Viral particles bind specifically to digestive ducts (midgut, main and secondary ducts, and tubules) by carbohydrate structures with a terminal N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an alpha...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioaccumulation; Shellfish; Escherichia coli; Pathogen; Oyster digestive tissue; Noroviruses.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1542.pdf

Acceptabilité du milieu - rade de Brest. Etude des suspensions au microscope électronique à balayage et à la microsonde (sédimentologie et microbiologie)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bassoulet, Philippe; Pommepuy, Monique; Cormier, Michel.
Dans le programme "Acceptabilité du Milieu -Rade de Brest" on observe une décroissance des concentrations bactériennes des émissaires vers le large.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1980
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00048/15948/13378.pdf

Devenir des virus entériques en mer et influence des facteurs environnementaux
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gantzer, Christophe; Dubois, Éric; Crance, Jean-marc; Billaudel, Sylviane; Kopecka, Helena; Schwartzbrod, Louis; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Françoise.
To improve the knowledge of the survival of enteric viruses in a marine environment, the influence of physico-chemical parameters (temperature, UV, salinity) on the survival of infectious poliovirus 1 and hepatitis A Virus (HAV) in seawater was first studied, the influence of suspended solids (SS) on poliovirus adsorption and survival in seawater was then evaluated and the detection of rotavirus genome in environmental samples (shellfish, river water, treated wastewater) was finally investigated. The results show that temperature has a major impact on virus survival in seawater as the time necessary to inactivate 90 % of the virus (T-90) is 671 days at 4 degrees C and only 25 days at 25 degrees C. Ultraviolet light (42 mW s cm(-2)) rapidly inactivates...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Environmental factors; Survival; Seawater; Enteric viruses; Facteurs environnementaux; Survie; Eau de mer; Virus entériques.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-846.pdf

Aichi Virus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, Enterovirus, and Rotavirus Involved in Clinical Cases from a French Oyster-Related Gastroenteritis Outbreak
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Ambert-balay, Katia; Krol, Joanna; Serais, Ophelie; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Giraudon, Helene; Delmas, Gilles; Pommepuy, Monique; Pothier, Pierre; Atmar, Robert L.
Following a flooding event close to a shellfish production lagoon, 205 cases of gastroenteritis were linked to oyster consumption. Twelve stool samples from different individuals were collected. Analysis showed that eight samples were positive for multiple enteric viruses, and one stool sample had seven different enteric viruses. Analysis of shellfish implicated in the outbreak allowed detection of the same diversity of enteric viruses, with some viral genomic sequences being identical to those obtained from stool sample analysis. Shellfish were contaminated by as many as five different enteric viruses. For the first time in Europe, Aichi virus was identified in oyster samples. Shellfish samples collected over 3 weeks following the outbreak showed a...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-6099.pdf

Etude de la qualité du milieu marin littoral en Martinique (Baie de Fort de France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Breton, Marguerite; Caprais, Marie-paule; Derrien, A.; Douillet, P; Dubois, E; Dupray, E; Gourmelon, Michele; Guillerm, Denise; Kempf, Marc; Lazure, P.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Menn, Remi; Menard, Dominique; Pommepuy, Monique; Salomon, Jean-claude.
Les départements et territoires d'outre mer sont généralement l'objet d'enjeux économiques importants, et de conflits d'activités liés au développement touristique, aquacole, agricole et industriel. Les études font généralement état d'une lente dégradation de l'environnement marin avec diminution des coraux et de la faune associée, au profit d'une augmentation de la couverture algale. On constate parfois un envasement ou un ensablement des sites, la présence dans l'eau de polluants organiques, dont des pesticides, des métaux ainsi que des microorganismes d'origine fécale. En Martinique, ce dernier aspect, lié à l'assainissement des zones rurales, urbaines et touristiques est actuellement considéré comme une préoccupation majeure pour les prochaines années....
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00132/24303/22301.pdf

Dossier "Environnement - cadre de vie" (CNEXO - COB)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1978
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16575/14077.pdf

Microbial impact of small tributaries on water and shellfish quality in shallow coastal areas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Riou, Philippe; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Dumas, Franck; Caprais, Marie-paule; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of small tributaries on seawater and shellfish quality in coastal area subjected to brief episodes leading to fecal contamination. Escherichia coli and F-RNA-specific bacteriophages were selected as fecal indicators and astroviruses were chosen as being representative of pathogens in the human population during winter viral epidemics. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was built to simulate the current and dispersion in the model domain, which includes areas uncovered at low tide. The model also includes decay rates to simulate microorganism behavior and assess the influence of fecal input on shellfish quality. The originality lies in the fact that specific features of the study area were considered. Modeling...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Astrovirus; F RNA specific; E. coli; Seawater fecal contamination; Modeling.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2675.pdf

Evolution de la flore bactérienne de l'estuaire de l'Elorn
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Les estuaires, zones de mélange d'eaux douces et d'eaux marines, ont, de tout temps, été l'objet de multiples activités, tant industrielles que maricoles (élevage de coquillages, pêche,... )  L'agglomération autour d'une zone relativement fermée, d'une population humaine et de ses activités, a des conséquences obligatoires sur la faune et sur la flore de l'estuaire et, en particulier, sur les populations bactériennes.  En effet, le rejet d'eaux usées, fortement chargées en bactéries contaminantes et en matière organique, dans une zone où le renouvellement des eaux se fait de façon relativement lente, favorise la survie des bactéries étrangères au milieu. De même, les apports en éléments nutritifs modifient la flore marine autochtone. Enfin, la présence de...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00088/19965/17632.pdf

MRNA detection by reverse transcription-PCR for monitoring viability and potential virulence in a pathogenic strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in viable but nonculturable state
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Coutard, Francois; Pommepuy, Monique; Loaec, Solen; Hervio Heath, Dominique.
Aims: This work investigates the maintenance of viability and potential virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in a viable but nonculturable population (VBNC) state by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).   Methods and Results: Housekeeping genes, 16S-23S rDNA and rpoS, as well as virulence genes, tdh1 and tdh2, were selected and detected by PCR in a pathogenic strain of V. parahaemolyticus (Vp4). Their expression was then studied by RT-PCR in V. parahaemolyticus Vp4 cultivated in rich medium at 37degreesC. The 16S-23S rDNA and rpoS, tdh1, tdh2 genes were transcripted at the mid-logarithmic, stationary and late stationary phases, corresponding to various physiological states. The expression of these genes was also studied by RT-PCR in a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Viable but nonculturable state; Tdh2; Tdh1; RT PCR; RpoS; Environment; 16S 23S rDNA.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1098.pdf

Toxi-infections alimentaires collectives liées à la consommation de moules contaminées par Vibrio parahaemolyticus : Enquête environnementale
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hervio Heath, Dominique; Zidane, Mohamed; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Lozach, Solen; Vaillant, V.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mots Clés Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Hémolysines thermostables TDH et TRH; TIAC; Coquillages; Environnement.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17737/15258.pdf

Fecal contamination in coastal areas: An engineering approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Caprais, Marie-paule; Gourmelon, Michele; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Introduction : "The occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms in seawater or in shellfish could exist anytime sewage from human or animal origin would be discharged to the coast" (Metcalf, 1982). According to the diseases occurring in the human population or in animals, pathogens might be present in recreational waters or in shellfish. Thus, the presence of human enteric viruses (norovirus, astrovirus, rotavirus, hepatitisAvirus (HAV)) and pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, etc.) has been reported in coastal areas for a long time (Colwell, 1978; Metcalf, 1978; Melnick et al., 1979; Grimes, 1991; Bosch et al., 2001;Kong et al., 2002). These...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Estimating model; Infection dose; Microorganisms; STEC; Bacteria; Virus; Fecal contamination; Pathogenic agent; Marine sediment; Estuarine water; Coastal area; Marine water.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1207.pdf

Le bassin versant du Bélon : vers une restauration durable de la qualité bactériologique des eaux estuariennes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Monfort, Patrick; Hervio Heath, Dominique; Caprais, Marie-paule; Pommepuy, Monique; Annezo, Jean-pierre; Loaec, Solen; Le Mennec, Cecile; Guillerm, Emmanuelle; Boulben, Sylviane; Bilien, Gwenael; Bonsor, Robert; Porter, Jonathan; Pickup, Roger.
Le projet européen Cycleau, initié à l'échelle locale sur la problèmatique de l'envasement et de l'ensablement de l'estuaire du Bélon, y a également intégré un volet bactériologique en raison des contraintes fortes que faisaient peser les pics conjoncturels de contamination sur la profession conchylicole (fermetures temporaires, déclassement éventuel) mais plus largement sur l'image du territoire (impact touristique) et en définitive sur son développement durable. Pour satisfaire la restauration de la qualité des eaux estuariennes, l'IFREMER a fait appel à un certain nombre d'outils susceptibles de contribuer à la formulation d'un diagnostic pertinent et ainsi de répondre aux préoccupations des acteurs du littoral. Pour ce faire, nous avons créé un réseau...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bassin versant; Contamination fécale; Escherichia coli; Flux bactériens; Bactériophages; SIG; Évaluation.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00200/31077/29490.pdf

An oyster-associated hepatitis A outbreak in France in 2007
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guillois-becel, Y.; Couturier, E.; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Roque-afonso, A. M.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goas, A.; Pernes, J.; Le Bechec, S.; Briand, A.; Robert, C.; Dussaix, E.; Pommepuy, Monique; Vaillant, V.
Following the notification of nine hepatitis A cases clustered in the Cotes d'Armor district in northwestern France, epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigations were set up in order to identify the source and vehicle of contamination and implement control measures. In total, 111 cases were identified in the outbreak, all of whom lived or had stayed as tourists in the Cotes d'Armor district. Of the cases, 87% had eaten raw shellfish, and 81% specifically oysters. Traceback investigations carried out on raw shellfish consumed by the cases showed that the raw shellfish originated from a single shellfish farm. The shellfish were probably contaminated either in the submersible tanks or in a depuration land-based tank where they were...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6685.pdf

Evaluation of removal of noroviruses during wastewater treatment, using real-time reverse transcription-PCR: Different behaviors of genogroups I and II
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Da Silva, A; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Pommepuy, Monique; Elimelech, M; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Noroviruses, an important cause of gastroenteritis, are excreted by infected individuals and are therefore present in wastewater. We quantified norovirus genogroup I (GI) and GII in wastewater at different locations in France and evaluated removal by a range of treatment types, including basic (waste stabilization pond), current industry standard (activated sludge), and state-of-the-art (submerged membrane bioreactor) treatments. Noroviruses were quantified using real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR). Mengovirus was used as a virus extraction control, and internal controls were used to verify the level of GI and GII rRT-PCR inhibition. A total of 161 (81 influent and 79 effluent) samples were examined; GI and GII were detected in 43 and 88% of the...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3571.pdf

Evaluation of viral shellfish depuration in a semi-professional tank
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Caprais, Marie-paule; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Mennec, Cecile; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Madec, Yvon; Monier, Martial; Brest, Goulven; Le Guyader, Francoise.
Depuration processes try to eliminate microorganisms using seawater to allow living, filter-feeding shellfish to naturally purge themselves from agents they accumulated from the environment. Until now the only parameter to evaluate depuration was the decrease in E. coli counts. Studies have shown that viruses can persist in the environment longer than E. coli and that shellfish meeting the endstandard (&lt; 230 E.colil /100g) have been involved in viral outbreaks. Starting in February 2000, the European Commission has been funding (Fifth Framework Programme), a 3-year project entitled "Virus Safe Seafood". One of the specific objectives of this project is to innovate technology for shellfish depuration. For this purpose a depuration system was designed and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bacteriophage FRNA; Depuration; Shellfish.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/acte-1208.pdf

Investigation of a hepatitis A outbreak due to oyster consumption in France in 2007
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guillois-bécel, Y.; Couturier, E.; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Roque-afonso, A.m.; Le Guyader, Soizick; Le Goas, A.; Pernes, J.; Le Bechec, S.; Briand, A.; Robert, C.; Dussaix, E.; Pommepuy, Monique; Vaillant, C.
Following the notification of nine hepatitis A cases partly clustered near an oyster growing area in the Côtes d’Armor district (Brittany, France), epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigations were performed in order to identify the source and vehicle of contamination and devise control measures. The investigations identified 111 cases, all of whom lived or had stayed in the district. Of these cases, 87% had eaten raw bivalve molluscs and 81% had specifically eaten oysters. The raw molluscs originated from a single shellfish farm located at the north of Paimpol bay. The shellfish were probably contaminated while being stored in submersible tanks or purified in a land-based tank. They were tainted either by sewage overflows or releases...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis A; Outbreak; Oysters; Epidemiological investigations; Traceback investigations.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17750/15272.pdf

Norovirus et huîtres : de la terre à la mer !
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thomas, Adeline; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Ollivier, Joanna; Maalouf, Haifa; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00060/17118/14630.pdf

Recovery in culture of viable but nonculturable Vibrio parahaemolyticus: regrowth or resuscitation?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Coutard, Francois; Crassous, Philippe; Droguet, Michael; Gobin, Eric; Colwell, Rita; Pommepuy, Monique; Hervio Heath, Dominique.
The objective of this study was to explore the recovery of culturability of viable but nonculturable ( VBNC) Vibrio parahaemolyticus after temperature upshift and to determine whether regrowth or resuscitation occurred. A clinical strain of V. parahaemolyticus Vp5 was rendered VBNC by exposure to artificial seawater ( ASW) at 4 degrees C. Aliquots of the ASW suspension of cells ( 0.1, 1 and 10 ml) were subjected to increased temperatures of 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C. Culturability of the cells in the aliquots was monitored for colony formation on a rich medium and changes in morphology were measured by scanning ( SEM) and transmission ( TEM) electron microscopy. Samples of VBNC cells were fixed and examined by SEM, revealing a heterogeneous population...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Transmission electron microscopy; Scanning electron microscopy; Resuscitation; Regrowth; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; VBNC state.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3117.pdf

Étude de la flore bactérienne d'un estuaire breton (Élorn, rade de Brest, France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique; Cormier, Michel; Brunel, Laurence; Breton, Marguerite.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the behaviour of the bacterial flora of a macrotidal estuary, originating from different sources: the Elorn freshwater river, a sewage treatment plant (STP), and the sediment. Viable counts were done using severa} culture media in order to determine where bacteria originated. Principal component analysis showed that the estuary was subjected to two well-defined conditions. On the one band, during periods of low turbulence (neap tide), resuspension of bottom sediments did not occur. Bacterial flora decreased from the upper reaches of the estuary to its lower part, coming mainly from two sources (river and STP). As a function of salinity variations, bacterial flora showed a progressive increase of the endogeneous...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00109/22069/19711.pdf

Modeling of Escherichia coli Fluxes on a Catchment and the Impact on Coastal Water and Shellfish Quality
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bougeard, Morgane; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Perenne, Nicolas; Baffaut, Claire; Robin, Marc; Pommepuy, Monique.
The simulation of the impact of Escherichia coli loads from watersheds is of great interest for assessing estuarine water quality, especially in areas with shellfish aquaculture or bathing activities. For this purpose, this study investigates a model association based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) coupled with a hydrodynamic model (MARS 2D; IFREMER). Application was performed on the catchment and estuary of Daoulas area (France). The daily E. coli fluxes simulated by SWAT are taken as an input in the MARS 2D model to calculate E. coli concentrations in estuarine water and shellfish. Model validation is based on comparison of frequencies: a strong relationship was found between calculated and measured E. coli concentrations for river quality...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: SWAT; Watershed; Estuary modeling; E coli; Shellfish; Water quality.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14393/11728.pdf

First isolation of Shiga toxin 1d producing Escherichia coli variant strains in shellfish from coastal areas in France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gourmelon, Michele; Montet, M; Lozach, Solen; Le Mennec, Cecile; Pommepuy, Monique; Beutin, L; Vernozy Rozand, C.
Aims: This study was carried out to evaluate the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and E. coli O157:H7 in shellfish from French coastal environments.   Methods and Results: Shellfish were collected in six growing areas or natural beds (B category) and nonfarming areas (D category) from July 2002 to August 2004. PCR detection of stx genes was performed on homogenized whole shellfish and digestive gland tissues enrichments. STEC strains were detected by colony DNA hybridization using a stx-specific gene probe and E. coli O157 strains were additionally searched by immunomagnetic separation with O157-specific magnetic beads. Stx genes were detected in 40 of 144 (27.8%) sample enrichments from mussels, oysters or cockles, 32 of 130...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shiga like toxin producing E. coli; Shellfish farming areas; Shellfish; Escherichia coli O157; Coastal environment.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1096.pdf

SAUM de la rade de Brest. Etude courantologique. Rapport préliminaire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Conformément aux termes d'un contrat passé entre le CNEXO et le Service Départemental de l’Équipement, l’Unité Littoral Centre Océanologique de Bretagne a effectué de janvier à septembre 1977, plusieurs campagnes océanographiques en rade de BREST. Les objectifs pouIsuivis etaient 1 - d'estimer la dispersion des eaux fluviales dans la rade pendant des marées de vives-eaux et de mortes-eaux et durant des périodes de crue et d'étiage des rivières 2 - de suivre, sur la tranche d'eau, en plusieurs points de la rade et au cours d'un cycle complet de marée, l'évolution des paramètres suivants: courant, température, salinité, sels nutritifs, matières en suspension; 3 - de tracer les trajectoires probables d'un rejet hypothétique en un point donné et à une heure...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1977
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00055/16578/14080.pdf

Qualité microbiologique des coquillages destinés à la consommation humaine : contamination des coquillages par des virus. Sous-région marine Mers celtiques. Evaluation initiale DCSMM.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mers celtiques; Coquillages; Virus; Risques; Sources de contamination; Impacts.
Ano: 2012
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00329/43978/43550.pdf

Environmental Conditions Leading to Shellfish Contamination and Related Outbreaks
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Maalouf, Haifa; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Guyader, Soizick.
Human fecal wastes contain a large variety of viruses that can enter the environment through discharge of waste materials from infected individuals. Despite the high diversity of viruses that are introduced into the environment by human fecal pollution, only a few have been recognized to cause disease in association with consumption of contaminated shellfish. To explain bivalve mollusks contamination, several factors including human epidemiology, virus persistence through sewage treatment plant, and shellfish uptake may be suggested. Considering different outbreaks described in the literature, the most common route for transmission is accidental contamination after heavy rainfall, when extra loads cause an overflow, and release of untreated sewage into the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish; Outbreaks; Norovirus; Environmental conditions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00011/12252/9031.pdf

Prediction of faecal contamination in shellfish production areas: Interest and limits of the salinity parameter
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Le Vaillant, Gael; Guillermou, Ghislain; Vilbas, Jean-valere; Deter, Julie; Delyon, Bernard; Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique.
Estuarine areas are sensitive to rapid and punctual contamination linked to heavy rainfall inducing rapid fresh water input. Thus, the increase of seawater contamination may be linked to a salinity decrease. The objective of this study was to measure salinity variation as a proxy to evaluate the risk of faecal contamination. Salinity sensors were set up on shellfish beds in Daoulas estuary (Bay of Brest) and monitored every 10 min over a four year period. Precipitation and river flows were also recorded. Moreover E. coli concentrations and salinity were measured in the estuarine surface water during different hydrodynamic conditions and seasons. The results indicated a significant relationship between E. coli concentration and salinity in the estuary....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Salinity; Sensor; E. coli; Shellfish; Prediction; Alert; Daoulas estuary.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00066/17751/15273.pdf

Bovine Norovirus: Carbohydrate Ligand, Environmental Contamination, and Potential Cross-Species Transmission via Oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zakhour, Maha; Maalouf, Haifa; Di Bartolo, Ilaria; Haugarreau, Larissa; Le Guyader, Francoise; Ruvoen-clouet, Nathalie; Le Saux, Jean-claude; Ruggeri, Franco Maria; Pommepuy, Monique; Le Pendu, Jacques.
Noroviruses (NoV) are major agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans and the primary pathogens of shellfish-related outbreaks. Previous studies showed that some human strains bind to oyster tissues through carbohydrate ligands that are similar to their human receptors. Thus, based on presentation of shared norovirus carbohydrate ligands, oysters could selectively concentrate animal strains with increased ability to overcome species barriers. In comparison with human GI and GII strains, bovine GIII NoV strains, although frequently detected in bovine feces and waters of two estuaries of Brittany, were seldom detected in oysters grown in these estuaries. Characterization of the carbohydrate ligand from a new GIII strain indicated recognition of the...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00014/12534/9527.pdf

Qualité microbiologique des coquillages destinés à la consommation humaine : contamination des coquillages par des virus. Sous-région marine Golfe de Gascogne. Evaluation initiale DCSMM.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Golfe de Gascogne; Coquillages; Virus; Risques; Sources de contamination; Impacts.
Ano: 2012
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00329/44062/43633.pdf

Evaluation et adaptation d'un système de purification des coquillages pour l'élimination des virus entériques
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Saux, Jean-claude; Pommepuy, Monique; Caprais, Marie-paule; Le Mennec, Cecile; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Le Guyader, Francoise.
Un des objectifs de ce projet est d'assurer un développement économique durable à l'ostréiculture, basé sur des technologies propres à définir des produits adaptés à la sécurité alimentaire. La production conchylicole est importante sur le marché européen et représente plus d'un tiers du marché mondial, soit plus de 775 000 tonnes/an, dont plus de 140 000 tonnes d'huîtres produites par la France. En Europe, le marché des coquillages représente plus de 456 M d'euros/an produits par 8 500 entreprises employant environ 40 000 personnes. Les huîtres à elles seules, représentent plus de 140 Md' euros/an. Le développement durable de cette activité passe par la maîtrise de la qualité du produit et en particulier de sa qualité sanitaire. En fait, le libre échange...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15545/12931.pdf

Molecular epidemiological survey of rotaviruses in sewage by reverse transcriptase seminested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism assay
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Dubois, E; Le Guyader, Soizick; Haugarreau, Larissa; Kopecka, H; Cormier, M; Pommepuy, Monique.
Rotavirus double-stranded RNA was detected directly in sewage treatment plant samples over a 1-year period by reverse transcription followed by PCR amplification of the VP7 gene and Southern blot hybridization. The presence of naturally occurring rotaviruses was demonstrated in 42% of raw sewage samples and in 67% of treated effluent samples, Amplified viral sequences were analyzed bg restriction enzymes. Ten different restriction profiles were characterized, most of which were found in treated effluent samples. A mixture of restriction profiles was observed in 75% of contaminated effluent samples, The profiles were compared with those obtained from human rotavirus isolates involved in infections in children from the same area (six different profiles were...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00336/44720/44851.pdf

Real-time reverse transcription-PCR for transcriptional expression analysis of virulence and housekeeping genes in viable but nonculturable Vibrio parahaemolyticus after recovery of culturability
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Coutard, Francois; Lozach, Solen; Pommepuy, Monique; Hervio Heath, Dominique.
A real-time reverse transcription-PCR method was developed to determine whether the recovery of culturability of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Vibrio parahaemolyticus induced the expression of virulence genes coding for the thermostable direct hemolysin and for type III secretion system 2 (TTSS2). The culturability of clinical strain Vp5 of V. parahaemolyticus in artificial seawater at 4°C was monitored, and the VBNC state was obtained. One day after entry into the VBNC state, temperature upshifts to 20 and 37°C allowed the recovery of culturability. Standard curves for the relative quantification of expression of the housekeeping genes rpoS, pvsA, fur, and pvuA; the tdh2 gene; and the TTSS2 genes (VPA1354, VPA1346, and VPA1342) were established. The...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2787.pdf

Capacité d'acceptation du milieu marin bactériologique de la rade de Brest
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pommepuy, Monique.
The study 'admission capacity of the marine environment" was conducted by IFREMER 1980 to 1983 in the Brest Roadstead at the request of the Ministry of Environment. This study was financed jointly by the Board of Health and IFREMER.  The problem was the study of the fate of bacterial discharges in a sea subjected to tides. The selected approach consisted to simulate discharges from the principal pollution sources and to calculate the theoretical dilution of fecal bacteria in the Northern zone of the Roadstead. Spreading coefficients were determined by "on the site" measurements of parameters which may be considered as conservative in defined periods (e.g. ammonium in winter). Results show that in the conditions of the styay, the disappearance of fecal...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00054/16572/14067.pdf

Monitoring viral contamination in shellfish growing areas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Pommepuy, Monique; Atmar, Robert.
Human and animal fecal wastes and urine contain a large number of different viruses that can enter the environment through the discharge of waste materials from infected individuals. Despite the high diversity of viruses that are introduced into the environment by human fecal pollution, only a few have been recognized to cause disease in association with consumption of contaminated shellfish. Viruses are present in shellfish in very low numbers. Nevertheless, they are present in sufficient quantities to pose a health risk as presented. This low level of contamination has made it necessary to develop highly sensitive viral extraction methods to ensure virus recovery from shellfish tissues. The most common route for accidental contamination is after heavy...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Human enteric viruses; Shellfish; Sewage; Persistence; Flux.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12606/15279.pdf