Consulta: subjectFacets:"Immunology"
Registros recuperados: 221
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 11:44:38

Vacinação e fatores que influenciam a eficácia da vacinação nas aves.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BASTOS, A. P. A.; CARON, L.
Neste artigo, os autores fornecem uma visão sobre o uso de vacinação para o controle de infecções de aves em qualquer região e tipo de produção, com particular ênfase para o controle das doenças aviárias.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Ave; Imunologia; Vacinação; Avicultura; Immunology; Vaccination; Poultry; Aviculture.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1031533

Diagnosis of oyster herpes-like virus: development and validation of molecular, immunological and cellular tools "VINO" - First Periodic Progress Report 4th January 1999 to 3rd January 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Davison, Andrew; Xhonneux, Florence; Dorange, Germaine; Culloty, Sarah; Novoa, Beatriz; Dixon, Peter.
The aim of the programme is to develop specific tools for diagnosing herpes-like virus infections in bivalves and to validate these reagents by using them in different European laboratories involved in shellfish epidemiological surveys. This will done using techniques developed by the partners to characterise viruses by studying their genomes and immunologically reactive proteins, to cultivate oyster cells and vertebrate cell lines and to perform epidemiological surveys among bivalves. The programme objectives are: 1 - Obtaining the complete oyster herpes-like virus DNA sequence with determination of the genome structure. 2 - Comparing oyster herpes-like viruses with other viruses belonging to the Helpesviridae family on the basis of sequence data and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathology; Diagnosis; Oyster; Herpes like virus; Herpesviridae; Immunology; Detection; Virus; Bivalves.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15523/12910.pdf

Physiology and immunity of the invasive giant African snail, Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica, intermediate host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lima, Mariana G.; De C. Augusto, Ronaldo; Pinheiro Da Silva, Jairo; Thiengo, Silvana C.
As one of the most successful invasive land snail species, Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica Bowdich, 1822 has achieved wide global distribution, particularly in (sub)tropical regions, with further dispersal likely due to climate change. This species of giant African snails (up to 17 cm shell length) is a pest that has extensive negative impact on agriculture and can serve as vector for several parasites, including Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a nematode parasite that causes (human) eosinophilic meningitis, an emergent disease. Investigation showed that A. cantonensis infection negatively impacts the metabolism of A. fulica by depleting polysaccharide stores of the intermediate host, compromising the energy balance of the snail. A review of the literature...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Achatina fulica; Immunology; Physiology; Nematodes; Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00599/71144/69462.pdf

Changes in biochemical and hemocyte parameters of the pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas fed T-Iso supplemented with lipid emulsions rich in eicosapentaenoic acid
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Chu, Fu-lin; Langdon, Chris; Moal, Jeanne; Lambert, Christophe; Samain, Jean-francois; Soudant, Philippe.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) on hemocyte parameters such as hemocyte concentration, phagocytosis, and non-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, as well on proximate biochemical and fatty acid compositions. One-year-old oysters (C. gigas) were fed T-Isochrysis aff. galbana(T-Iso), which is low in 20:5n-3, either alone or with supplements of a lipid emulsion rich in 20:5n-3 at 1%, 10% or 50% (dry weight of the algal ration) for up to 7 weeks. Changes in gill fatty acid composition demonstrated that the lipid emulsion was well ingested by oysters during the dietary conditioning. Biochemical analysis indicated that oysters fed supplements of 50%...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Immunology; Hemocytes; Eicosapentaenoic acid 20 : 5n 3; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalves.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2604.pdf

Localisation immunohisto chimique de peptides apparentes aux hormones de vertebres chez Pecten maximus
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Donval, A.
Substances related to vertebrate peptidic hormones have been searched by immunohistochemical methods in Pecten maximus . Neurosecretory cells have been detected in the nervous ganglia with antisera raised against vertebrate hormones, gastrin/CCK like, glucagon like, insuline like, somatostatine like. Other gastro-intestinal hormones like are localized in some cells of the gut epithelium: bombesine and vasoactive intestinal peptide.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; Bivalvia; Immunology; Histochemistry; Cells; Neurosecretory system; Juveniles; Hormones.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-1724.pdf

Innovative rapid solid-phase immunobead assay for the detection of okadaic acid and related DSP toxins in shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Park, D; Fremy, J; Marcaillou, L; Gamboa, P; Gleizes, E; Masselin, P; Goldsmith, C.
The solid-phase immunobead assay (Ciguatect super(TM)) has been optimized to detect toxins associated with diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). The Ciguatect super(TM) test kit utilizes a membrane to bind the toxins and a monoclonal antibody-latex bead solution as the determination step. The presence or absence of okadaic acid (OA) and related toxins is determined by binding the toxins to a membrane attached to a plastic strip and exposing the toxins ladened membrane to a monoclonal antibody-colored latex bead complex which has a high specificity for OA and related polyether compounds. The intensity of the color on the membrane denotes the presence of the toxins. A rapid extraction method (REM super(TM)) has been developed to allow for confirmation of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dinophysis; Bivalvia; Algae; Marine molluscs; Immunology; Bioassays; Disease detection; Biological poisons; Shellfish.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1604.pdf

Relance de l'huître plate. Rapport d'avancement des travaux 1988.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: IFREMER (LA TRINITE/MER - LA TREMBLADE).
Un contrat de Plan État-Région Bretagne a été signé en 1983 pour financer des recherches sur la période 1984-1988 dans le but de permettre la relance de l'élevage de l'huître plate, à la suite de la deuxième épizootie due à un protozaire, Bonamia ostreae. Ce rapport présente les travaux réalisés et les résultats acquis durant l'année 1988, dans les domaines de la pathologie (étude de la maladie et des mécanismes de défense des mollusques) de la génétique (recherche de souches résistantes), de l'épidémiologie descriptive et de la zootechnie.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Épidémiologie; Pathologie; Immunologie; Échantillonnage; Élevage; Shellfish; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Epidemiology; Pathology; Immunology; Sampling; Rearing.
Ano: 1989
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00342/45284/44749.pdf

Biological, physiological, immunological and nutritional assessment of farm-reared Litopenaeus stylirostris shrimp affected or unaffected by vibriosis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mugnier, Chantal; Justou, Carole; Lemonnier, Hugues; Patrois, Jacques; Ansquer, Dominique; Goarant, Cyrille; Le Coz, Jean-rene.
Shrimp aquaculture in New Caledonia is subject to seasonal mortalities during grow-out due to highly virulent Vibrio nigripulchritudo (Vn). To understand the mechanisms affecting shrimp resistance and leading to significant mortality, a shrimp ecophysiology and immunology survey was conducted on two farms, the first considered as a "control" farm (HC), the second affected by the disease (DF). Mortality observed during the survey at DF started 50 days after stocking and was typical of this disease. The main observations regarding shrimp were: (a) growth was not affected by the disease and was faster in the DF than in the HC pond; (b) disease did not affect one sex more than the other, or a specific part of the population in terms of weight; (c) the physical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibriosis; Penaeid shrimp; Field survey; Physiology; Immunology; Nutritional status.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00176/28764/27567.pdf

Prophylactic strategies and zootechnic measures, recent advances
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The spread of major diseases of molluscs around the world and the increase of transfers need the development of adapted prophylactic strategies and the increase of research in epidemiology, immunology and genetics. The prophylactic strategies must be based on common laws with the establishment of a list of declarable pathogens, with basic sampling rules (sample size, frequency, definition of geographical areas) and with reglementation of the internal transfers. Moreover, specific adapted diagnosis should be developed to increase the sanitary control performance (e.g. ELISA test, DNA probe, cell culture). In the case of an infectious disease the epidemiology studies should be concerned, the relationship between the culture techniques and the disease, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Mollusc culture; Aquaculture techniques; Pathology; Immunology; Genetics; Epidemiology; Fish diseases; Disease control.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1483.pdf

Relance de l'huître plate. Rapport de synthèse des travaux 1990
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve.
Une convention a été signée en 1990 avec la Région Bretagne pour financer la poursuite des recherches dans le but d'accélérer la relance de l'élevage de l'huître plate, à la suite de la deuxième épizootie due à un protozoaire, Bonamia ostreae. Ce rapport présente les travaux réalisés et les résultats acquis durant l'année 1990, dans les domaines de l'épidémiologie descriptive, de la zootechnie, de la génétique (recherche d'espèces ou de souches résistantes) et de l'immuno-pathologie (étude de la maladie et des mécanismes de défense des mollusques).  Durant l'année 1990, la situation épidémiologique des élevages d'huîtres plates en eau profonde a évolué différemment selon les secteurs: relativement stable en Baie du Mont st Michel, elle présente de brusques...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Épidémiologie; Pathologie; Immunologie; Génétique; Échantillonnage; Élevage; Shellfish; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Epidemiology; Pathology; Immunology; Genetic; Sampling; Rearing.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21320/18942.pdf

Strategy of researches on marine bivalve defense mechanisms
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Mialhe, Eric; Noel, Thierry; Boulo, Viviane; Hervio, Dominique; Le Gall, Ghyslaine; Morvan, Annie.
Because of the impact of infectious diseases in marine mollusc aquaculture, research has been initially developed in pathology in term of epidemiology and diagnosis. The establishment of basic techniques for in vitro and in vivo studies of host/pathogen interactions and the progresses in the field of cellular and molecular biology have permitted to undertake researches in immunology. Parallel to fundamental interest in understanding defense mecanisms of molluscs against pathogens, applications may be expected for resistant strains obtained by genetic engineering.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Defense mechanisms; Hosts; Immunology; Pathogens; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus edulis.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00038/14884/12207.pdf

Fixation d''un anticorps anti-lysozyme dans des cellules de mollusques bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Auffret, Mathieu; Diouris, M; Herry, A.
A polyclonal rabbit anti-human lysozyme (Dako) was applied on histological sections from bivalve mollusc and revealed with a mouse anti-rabbit IgG fluorescein conjugated antibody to localise cellular lysozyme in tissues where its activity had previously detected by enzymatic techniques. Labelling occurred in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells covering the body. This is in agreement with the intracellular distribution of this enzyme. In the Lucinid Lucinella divaricata gills, the cytoplasm of bacteriocytes was also labelled. This suggests that antibacterial activity occurred in these cells. Control sections indicate that fluorescence was a consequence of true primary antibody fixation. However, its specificity should be verified by electrophoretical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Immunology; Antibodies; Electrophoresis; Histology.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-1723.pdf

Effect of a mono-specific algal diet on immune functions in two bivalve species - Crassostrea gigas and Ruditapes philippinarum
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Delaporte, Maryse; Soudant, Philippe; Moal, Jeanne; Lambert, Christophe; Quere, Claudie; Miner, Philippe; Choquet, Gwenaelle; Paillard, Christine; Samain, Jean-francois.
The impact of diets upon the fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids and consequently upon immune parameters has been tested in the oyster Crassostrea gigas and the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Oysters and clams were fed each of three cultured algae: Chaetoceros calcitrans, which is rich in 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) and poor in 22:6(n-3) fatty acids; T-Iso (Isochrysis sp.), which is rich in 22:6(n-3) and deficient in 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6); and Tetraselmis suecica, which is deficient in 22:6(n-3) and contains only small amounts of 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6). Fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids was greatly affected by the diet. Oysters and clams fed C. calcitrans maintained a higher proportion of 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) in their haemocyte...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Polyunsaturated fatty acids; Phagocytosis; Oxidative activity; Haemocyte membrane; Nutrition; Immunology; Bivalve; Immunologie; Bivalve; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Acides gras poly insatures; Phagocytose; Flambee respiratoire; Membrane; Hemocyte; Nutrition.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-354.pdf

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients: epidemiological, nutritional and immunological aspects
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Amâncio,FAM; Pascotto,VM; Souza,LR; Calvi,SA; Pereira,PCM.
This study applied a socioeconomic questionnaire designed to evaluate the frequency of intestinal parasites and characterize epidemiological, nutritional, and immunological variables in 105 HIV/AIDS patients - with and without parasitic infections, attending the Day Hospital in Botucatu, UNESP, from 2007 to 2008. Body mass index was calculated and the following tests performed: parasitological stool examinations; eosinophil, IgE, CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocyte cell counts; albumin test; viral load measure; and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine levels. Results were positive for parasitic intestinal infections in 12.4% of individuals. Most patients had good socioeconomic conditions with basic sanitation, urban dwellings, treated water supply and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Enteroparasites; Nutrition; Immunology; Cytokines.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000200013

Study of irradiated bothropstoxin-1 with60Co gamma rays: immune system behavior
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Caproni,P; Baptista,JA; Almeida,TL de; Passos,LAC; Nascimento,N.
Ionizing radiation has been successfully employed to modify the immunological properties of biomolecules. Very promising results were obtained when crude animal venoms, as well as isolated toxins, were treated with 60Co gamma rays, yielding toxoids with good immunogenicity. The achievement of modified antigens with lower toxicity and preserved or improved immunogenicity can be very useful. Ionizing radiation has already been proven to be a powerful tool to attenuate snake venom toxicity without affecting, and even increasing, their immunogenic properties. However, little is known about the modifications that irradiated molecules undergo and even less about the immunological response that such antigens elicit. In the present work, we investigated the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Ionizing radiation; Gamma rays; Bothropstoxin-1.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000200005

Clinical and immunological aspects of envenomations by Bothrops snakes
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Luna,KPO; da Silva,MB; Pereira,VRA.
Accidents caused by snakes, especially in tropical and subtropical countries, still constitute a serious public health problem due to the lack of knowledge of health professionals and the precariousness of health systems in the regions where most accidents occur. Snake venoms contain a range of molecules that may provoke local swelling, pain, renal and respiratory insufficiencies. The study of the effects of each molecule on humans can help the development of complementary therapy. Similarly, the knowledge of clinical aspects of envenomations provides a better identification and implementation of appropriate treatment. In addition, to understand Bothrops envenomations and improve the therapeutic strategy, it is necessary to understand and study the role of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Snakes; Envenomations; Clinical aspects; Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000200003

Emergence of macroscopic simplicity from the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha signaling dynamics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kentaro Hayashi; Vincent  Piras; Masaru  Tomita; Masa  Tsuchiya; Kumar Selvarajoo.
The Tumor Necrosis Factor-&amp;#x3b1; (TNF-&amp;#x3b1;), a cytokine produced during the innate immune response to invading pathogens, is involved in numerous fundamental cellular processes. Here, to understand the temporal activation profiles of the TNF-&amp;#x3b1; regulated signaling network, we developed a dynamic computational model based on the perturbation-response approach and the law of information (signaling flux) conservation. Our simulations show that the temporal average population response of the TNF-&amp;#x3b1; stimulated transcription factors NF-&amp;#x3ba;B and AP-1, and 3 groups of 180 downstream gene expressions follow first-order equations. Using the model, in contrast to a well-known previous study, our model suggests that the continuous...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6495/version/1

Varicella notification in immigrants: a brief report from Ferrara, Italy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alessandro Cucchi; Silvia Atti; Mauro Bergamini.
Background and Aim of the work - We conducted a survey of varicella cases&amp;#x27; notifications in the immigrant population in the province of Ferrara, Italy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Materials and Methods &amp;#x2013; We collected notifications of infectious disease between 2002 and 2006. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results and discussion - At the end of 2006, the 4.5% (14252 subjects) of total population of the province of Ferrara and its province was represented of immigrants from foreign countries. In this context, between 2002 and 2006, a total of 1969 cases of varicella, including 3.1% related to migrants, were reported. Among immigrants, there were 36 cases in males, and 26 in females. The cases were notified in the 64.5% by the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3361/version/1

Pregnancy Obstructs Involution Stage II of the Mammary Gland in Cows: General Biological Implications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gabriel Leitner; Ana-Maria Anug; Uzi  Merin; Nissim Silanikove.
*Background*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Repeated research findings over the last 4 decades show that involution of mammary glands in dairy cows did not regress to same extend as that noticed in other mammalian species.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Methodology/Principal Findings*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We took an advantage of a rare event in the normal modern dairy farming: A cow that was false-positively identified as being pregnant was &amp;#x22;dried up&amp;#x22; (i.e., induced into involution) conventionally about 60 before her expected parturition. This cow was culled, and samples of her mammary gland tissue were examined for gross histology. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that modern dairy cow may undergo extensive obliteration of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/846/version/2

The activating receptors 2B4 and NTB-A, but not CRACC are subject to ligand-induced down-regulation on human natural killer cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Stephan Meinke; Carolin B&amp;#xf6;hm; Sibel Durlanik; Carsten Watzl.
Activation of natural killer cells can be mediated by different receptors. Stimulation of the receptors 2B4, NTB-A and CRACC, members of the SLAM-related receptor family, induces cytotoxicity and cytokine production. The surface expression of 2B4 and other activating natural killer cell receptors is down-modulated after receptor engagement, which results in a weaker response to consecutive stimulation. We tested whether this regulatory mechanism applies to all SLAM-related receptors expressed by primary human natural killer cells. After co-culture with target cells expressing the respective ligands different effects on receptor surface expression were observed. While 2B4 ex-pression was strongly reduced, NTB-A showed less prominent down-modulation and the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4917/version/1

Novel Techniques for Microspectroscopy and Chemical Imaging Analysis of Soybean Seeds and Embryos
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng  You; Doina M. Costescu.
Novel methodologies are currently being evaluated for the Chemical Analysis of soybean seeds as well as developing mature soybean embryos by FT-IR/NIR Microspectroscopy. This is the first report of FT-NIR Chemical Images obtained with 1 micron resolution. NIR spectra of Proteins, Oil and DNA fibers are obtained for regions as small as 1&amp;#x3bc;^2^.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6591/version/2

Targeting Human Dendritic Cells with Lewis X Modified Liposomes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lucie Kalvodova; Yongmin Zhang.
In this short report, we demonstrate that liposomes bearing the Lewis X trisaccharide on the surface (&amp;#x201c;Awesosomes&amp;#x201d;) efficiently target human dendritic cells. We chose a glycolipid with Lewis X trisaccharide headgroup to facilitate the targeted liposome uptake via the DC-SIGN internalization pathway. While no uptake of Awesosomes was detected with wild-type human HEK293 cells, HEK293 cells transfected with human DC-SIGN internalized Awesosomes extensively. In samples of human blood-derived leukocytes, the extent of uptake of Awesosomes correlated with the expression of DC-SIGN, which is a dendritic cells marker. There was a marked difference in the uptake of Awesosomes and plain liposomes by DC-SIGN expressing dendritic cells. There...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4764/version/1

Novel mutations in the toll like receptor genes cause hyporesponsiveness to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mangesh Bhide; Rastislav Mucha; Ivan Mikula Jr.; Lucia Kisova; Rostislav Skrabana; Michal Novak; Ivan Mikula Sr.
Toll like receptors play a central role in the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Mutations in TLR1, TLR2 and TLR4 genes may change the PAMP reorganization ability which causes altered responsiveness to the bacterial pathogens. A case control study, performed to assess the association between TLR gene mutations and susceptibility to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), revealed novel mutations (TLR1 - Ser150Gly and Val220Met; TLR2 - Phe670Leu) that hindered either PAMP recognition or further downstream TLR pathway activation. A cytokine expression experiments (IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-&amp;#x3b3;) in the challenged mutant and wild type moDCs (mocyte derived dendritic cells) confirmed the negative impact of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2637/version/1

Self-organization of intrinsically disordered proteins with folded N-termini
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Philip C. Simister; Fred Schaper; Nicola O&amp;#x27;Reilly; Simon McGowan; Stephan M. Feller.
Thousands of human proteins lack recognizable tertiary structure in most of their chains. Here we hypothesize that some use their structured N-terminal domains (SNTDs) to organise the remaining protein chain via intramolecular interactions, generating partially structured proteins. This model has several attractive features: as protein chains emerge, SNTDs form spontaneously and serve as nucleation points, creating more compact shapes. This reduces the risk of protein degradation or aggregation. Moreover, an interspersed pattern of SNTD-docked regions and free loops can coordinate assembly of sub-complexes in defined loop-sections and enables novel regulatory mechanisms, for example through posttranslational modifications of docked regions.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5124/version/1

Is the innate bio-protection power against human virus the same between males and females? A conclusion based on blood donor data of HTLV-I infection and case data of infectious diseases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nobuoki Eshima; Minoru Tabata; Yasunori Higuchi; Shigeru Karukaya.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that causes adult T-cell leukemia. The male-to-female transmission is stronger than the reverse, so the carrier proportion of women is greater than that of men. On the other hand, since the mother-to-child transmission route via the breast-feeding is common for baby boys and girls, it has been thought the HTLV-I proportions of boys and girls are the same until now. A question arises as to whether the &amp;#x2018;innate protection powers against human virus&amp;#x2019; are the same between males and females. We utilize HTLV-I infection blood donor data in 1995-1998 and case data of main infectious diseases such as influenza, mumps, herpangina, hand-hoot-and-mouse disease, chicken pox, etc. Blood...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1987/version/2

HBsAg-vectored DNA vaccines elicit concomitant protective responses to multiple CTL epitopes relevant in human disease.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dekun Chen; Allan Gould; Michael Mather; Oscar Haigh; Melanie Barnes; Jacqueline Kattenbelt; Scott Thomson; Robert R. Tindle.
Vaccines capable of controlling neoplastic and infectious diseases which depend on the cellular immune response for their resolution, have proven difficult to develop. We, and others, have previously demonstrated that the potent immunogenicity of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), the already- licensed human vaccine for hepatitis B infection, may be exploited to deliver foreign antigens for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) induction. In this study we demonstrate that recombinant (r) HBsAg DNA delivering a CTL polyepitope appended at the C&amp;#x27; terminus elicits concomitant responses to multiple epitopes restricted through a diversity of MHC class I haplotypes, which are relevant in a number of human diseases. We show that the rHBsAg DNA vaccine elicits...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1910/version/1

Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements.  (v.3)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valentin  Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/3

Breast Cancer Associated Metastasis is Significantly Increased in a Model of Autoimmune Arthritis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lopamudra  Das Roy; Latha Pathangey; Teresa Tinder; Pinku Mukherjee.
Chronic inflammation is known to play a role in cancer initiation, promotion,and metastasis. However, the mechanism by which inflammation promotes metastasis is still unclear. We evaluated if chronic inflammation induced by autoimmune arthritis may contribute to increased breast cancer-associated metastasis. We report a three-fold increase in lung metastasis and a significant increase in the incidence of bone metastasis in the pro-arthritic mice compared to control mice. The metastatic breast tumors in turn augment the severity of arthritis resulting in a vicious cycle that increases both bone destruction and metastasis. Enhanced neutrophilic and granulocytic infiltration in lungs and bone of the pro-arthritic mice and subsequent increase in circulating...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2632/version/1

Signaling Flux Redistribution concept can switch survival to apoptosis in cancer cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daiki Yamada; Kentaro Hayashi; Vincent Piras; Masaru  Tomita; Masa Tsuchiya; Kumar  Selvarajoo.
The tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis in certain types of carcinoma. However, in majority of malignant tumors, it has no effect. Here we analyzed cell survival and apoptotic pathways triggered by TRAIL.  A computational model based on perturbation-response approach with mass-action equations was developed. All 48 parameter values of the model were selected by genetic algorithm that minimizes deviation between experimental and simulation data for human fibrosarcoma cells. Subsequently, we show in silico knock-down of a cell survival pathway molecule could potentially enhance the activation of apoptosis through Signaling Flux Redistribution (SFR).
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4375/version/1

The 2010 Scientific Strategic Plan of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise: A Roadmap for the Future
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alan Bernstein; Peter Piot.
HIV/AIDS is arguably the most significant health challenge facing the world today. The 2008 numbers tell the story: 33.4 million were living with HIV, 2 million people died of AIDS and 2.7 million people were newly infected. Despite impressive scientific advances in developing over two dozen drugs to treat HIV infections, there is still no cure. In addition, only about one-third of those who need drugs have access to therapy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In 2003, recognizing the enormity of the scientific and humanitarian challenge of HIV/AIDS, two-dozen leading investigators and major funding organizations formed the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, a voluntary alliance of independent organizations committed to working together to accelerate the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4803/version/2

siRNA knockdown of SPHK1 in vivo protects mice from systemic, type-I Allergy.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Peter Natesan P. N. Pushparaj; Alirio Jose A. J. Melendez.
Systemic anaphylaxis is considered to be a typical immediate hypersensitivity response, determined by the activation of immune cells,&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;via antigen-induced aggregation of IgE-sensitized Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI cells. Perhaps most the important cells, in the immediate hypersensitivity responses, are mast cells. We have previously shown that SPHK1 plays a key role in the intracellular signaling pathways triggered by FceRI aggregation on human&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;mast cells. More recently, we performed a genome-wide gene expression profiling of human mast cells, sensitized with IgE alone, or stimulated by Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI aggregation. We found that sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) was one&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;of genes activated at the earlier stages of mast cell...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1147/version/1

Spontaneous glomerular deposition of immunoglobulins for ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) induces spontaneous nephropathy in diabetogenic rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Seikoh Nishida; Tamaki Sasaki; Yasushi Hirokawa; Michihiro Matsuki; Tsutomu Nohno.
We first discovered autoantibodies to ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus^1^. The antibodies were positive for 64.5% of the patients with diabetes and were positive in 83.3% in the early stage of clinical diabetic nephropathy. In addition, in genetically diabetogenic OLETF (Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty) rats^2^, one of the characteristics of which strain is spontaneous nephropathy resembling those of human type 2 diabetes, and in control LETO rats^2^, immunization with rabbit lung ACE developed glomerulopathy similar to that seen in diabetics^3^. Also, in normal New Zealand white rabbits, immunization with the rabbit lung ACE induced glomerular changes similar to those seen in diabetic nephropathy^3^. In this...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3275/version/1

Electron microscopy analysis of FcR&amp;#x3b3; localization after its capture by T cells by trogocytosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Stephanie Balor; Marc Da&amp;#xeb;ron; Pierre Bruhns; Denis Hudrisier.
T cells acquire various proteins from their cellular partners by the process of trogocytosis. We recently demonstrated that the Fc&amp;#x3b3;RIIIA receptor and its associated FcR&amp;#x3b3; are captured by T cells during their co-culture with Fc&amp;#x3b3;R-expressing target cells upon both antigen- or antibody-mediated stimulation. Interestingly, we found that FcR captured by T cells could bind ligands but did not transmit detectable intracellular signals or signaling-depending functions upon ligand binding suggesting their improper integration in the recipient T cell membrane. In this study, we provide morphological data in support of this hypothesis. Indeed, we show that the FcR&amp;#x3b3;-subunit, which we used as a fusion to GFP, was clearly present...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3824/version/1

Finding Bicliques in Digraphs: Application into Viral-host Protein Interactome
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Malay Bhattacharyya; Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay; Ujjwal Maulik.
We provide the first formalization true to the best of our knowledge to the problem of finding bicliques in a directed graph. The problem is addressed employing a two-stage approach based on an existing biclustering algorithm. This novel problem is useful in several biological applications of which we focus only on analyzing the viral-host protein interaction graphs. Strong and significant bicliques of HIV-1 and human proteins are derived using the proposed methodology, which provides insights into some novel regulatory functionalities in case of the acute immunodeficiency syndrome in human.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7148/version/1

Structural requirements for the binding affinity of some small, non&amp;#x2013;peptide C5a receptor antagonists
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Haiying Xie; Weiming  Wang; Ziqiang  Xie; Hong  Chen; Kexian  Chen.
Complement anaphylatoxin 5a (C5a) has been recognized as a potent therapeutic target for anti-inflammatory therapy, thus, blocking the action of C5a on its binding receptors may provide an effective treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, there have been few clinically available non-peptide C5a receptor antagonists disclosed at present. In pursuit of better anti-inflammatory drugs, quantitative structure&amp;#x2013;activity relationship studies were carried out in a series of non-peptide C5a receptor antagonists with binding activity using different physicochemical descriptors. The conventional best 2D-QSAR models were developed using a training set of 35 molecules and an external test set of 8 molecules by genetic function approximation...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Immunology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6630/version/1

Interleukin-10 containing normal human serum inhibits granzyme B release but not perforin release from alloreactive and EBV-specific T cell clones
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Motoko Nishimura; Hideya Sato; Hitoshi Okazaki; Masahiro Satake; Kenji Tadokoro.
Interleukin-10 (IL-10), also known as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, has pleiotropic effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. It is capable of inhibiting synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interferon &amp;#x3b3; (IFN&amp;#x3b3;), IL-2, IL-3, tumor necrosis factor &amp;#x3b1;(TNF&amp;#x3b1;) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) made by cells such as macrophages and T helper Type 1 cells. We observed that normal human serum, derived from a healthy individual but containing large amounts of IL-10 (arbitrarily designated as &amp;#x22;IL-10 serum&amp;#x22;), inhibited cytotoxic activity and interfered with granzyme B release from alloreactive cytotoxic T cell (CTL) clones _in vitro_, but did not affect perforin...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1464/version/1

Development and comparison of ECC-rtPCR with in vivo method to determine the viability and infectivity of Giardial cysts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: M. Khalid Ijaz; Absar Alum; Basel  Sbai; Hamas  Asaad; Joseph Rubino.
Globally, Giardia is one of the major cause of diarrheal illnesses and rapid diagnostic methods differentiating infectious cysts are critical for developing intervention strategies through contaminated surfaces, food and water. This is currently hampered by lack of an in vitro model.  We evaluated mRNA expression in trophozoites and their attachment to a CaCo2 (C2bb) cell monolayer and changes in trans-cellular resistance as an indicator of Giardia viability and infectivity.  Heat shock mRNA in Giardia cysts and variant specific protein (VSP) mRNA in trophozoites were quantified by RT-PCR. When compared with neonatal mice infectivity, the attachment of trophozoites to cell monolayers, expression of VSP, and changes in the trans-cellular resistance, the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5501/version/1

MHC Restriction of V-V Interactions in Serum IgG
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Earnest Leung; Geoffrey W. Hoffmann.
According to Jerne&amp;#x2019;s idiotypic network hypothesis, the adaptive immune system is regulated by interactions between the variable regions of antibodies, B cells, and T cells. The symmetrical immune network theory is based on Jerne&amp;#x2019;s hypothesis, and provides a basis for understanding many of the phenomena of adaptive immunity. The theory includes the postulate that the repertoire of serum IgG molecules is regulated by T cells, with the result that IgG molecules express V region determinants that mimic V region determinants present on suppressor T cells. In this paper we describe rapid binding between purified murine serum IgG of H-2b and H-2d mice and serum IgG from the same strain and from MHC-matched mice, but not between serum IgG...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4240/version/1

Interaction of the TNFR-receptor associated factor TRAF1 with I-kappa B kinase 2 (IKK2, IKK-beta, IKBKB) and TRAF2 indicating a dose dependent regulatory function of TRAF1 for NF-kappa B signaling
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Johannes A. Schmid; Andreas Birbach.
IKK2 is one of the most crucial signaling kinases for activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B. Since many NF-kappa B activating pathways converge at the level of IKK2, we searched for interaction partners of this kinase using the C-terminal part (aa 466-756) as bait in a yeast two-hybrid system. We identified the N-terminal part (aa 1-228) of the TNF-receptor associated factor TRAF1 as putative interaction partner, which was subsequently confirmed in mammalian cells by coimmunoprecipitation experiments. However, this interaction seemed weaker than the interaction between TRAF1 and TRAF2, an important activating adapter molecule of NF-kappa B signaling indicating that relative levels of IKK2, TRAF1 and TRAF2 might be important for the final...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4153/version/1

The Roles of Membrane Rafts in CD32A-Mediated Phagocytosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Timothy P. Tolentino; Periasamy Selvaraj; Cheng Zhu.
Membrane rafts are highly dynamic heterogeneous sterol- and sphingolipid-rich micro-domains on cell surfaces. They are generally believed to provide residency for cell surface molecules (e.g., adhesion and signaling molecules) and scaffolding to facilitate the functions of these molecules such as membrane trafficking, receptor transport, cell signaling, and endocytosis.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The governing, or overall hypothesis, for this project is that membrane rafts provide residency for Fc[gamma]RIIA (CD32A) on K562 cells, and that by doing so they provide a platform from which Fc[gamma]RIIA initiate or carry out their functions, which include migration, signaling, phagocytic synapse formation, and internalization of IgG opsonized...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1191/version/1

Familial and late-onset Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease: Autoimmune disorders triggered by viral, microbial and allergen mimics of beta-amyloid and APP mutants ?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher Carter.
Beta-amyloid (A[beta]) autoantibodies are common in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. Some may be derived from Herpes simplex and 68 other virus proteins matching an immunogenic and fibrillogenic VGGVV A[beta] sequence.Many other viral, microbial and allergenic proteins (particularly from dust mites) align with A[beta] as do proteins from _C.Neoformans_ which has been associated with a rare but curable form of the disorder. Immune-related proteins are present in amyloid plaques and the complement membrane attack complex in neurones in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease brains. Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease may thus be an autoimmune disorder triggered by pathogenic antigens homologous to A[beta], whose antibodies target and kill A[beta] containing neurones, via immune...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4662/version/1

Inflammation targets specific organs for cancer in carriers of BRCA1/2 pathway mutations
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernard Friedenson.
Women who inherit a defective BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have risks for breast/ovarian cancer that are so high and apparently so selective that many mutation carriers choose to have the most likely targets for cancer surgically removed.  Recent research has focused on better methods of treating such seemingly unavoidable hereditary cancers.  Prevention has received much less attention so a positive test result for a cancer gene leaves carriers with very limited options.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In order to prevent BRCA1/2 related cancers, it may be important to understand why they seem to occur only in certain characteristic organs.   Results here show that mutations in a pathway depending on BRCA1/2 gene products magnify cancer risks from chronic infection and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4225/version/1

Targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory therapy to rheumatoid tissue by fusion proteins containing an IL-4-linked synovial targeting peptide
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sarah E. Wythe; Danielle DiCara; Taher E. I. Taher; Ciara M. Finucane; Rita Jones; Y. K. Stella Man; Michele Bombardieri; Ahuva Nissim; Stephen J. Mather; Yuti Chernajovsky; Costantino Pitzalis.
We provide first-time evidence that the synovial endothelium-targeting peptide (SyETP) CKSTHDRLC successfully delivers conjugated IL-4 to human rheumatoid synovium transplanted into SCID mice. SyETP, previously isolated by in vivo phage display and shown to preferentially localize to synovial xenografts, was linked by recombinant technology to hIL-4 via an MMP-cleavable sequence. Both IL-4 and the MMP-cleavable sequence were shown to be functional. IL-4-SyETP augmented production of IL-1ra by synoviocytes stimulated with IL-1[beta] in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo imaging confirmed increased retention of SyETP-linked-IL-4 in synovial grafts which was enhanced by increasing number of copies (one to three) in the constructs. Strikingly, SyETP delivered...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6399/version/1

A Unifying Scenario on the Origin and Evolution of Cellular and Viral Domains
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudiu I. Bandea.
The cellular theory on the nature of life has been one of the first major advancements in biology. Viruses, however, are the most abundant life forms, and their exclusion from mainstream biology and the Tree of Life (TOL) is a major paradox in biology. This article presents a broad, unifying scenario on the origin and evolution of cellular and viral domains that challenges the conventional views about the history of life and supports a TOL that includes viruses. Co-evolution of viruses and their host cells has led to some of the most remarkable developments and transitions in the evolution of life, including the origin of non-coding DNA as a genomic protective device against viral insertion damage. However, one of the major fundamental evolutionary...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3888/version/1

Vitamin C insufficiency causes the stress-induced sudden death through the induction of extensive heart injury.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jae Seung Kang; Sung Joon Kim; Seyeon Bae; Joo Myung Kong; Na-Eun Lee; Hyung Gun Maeng; Yong Sung Kim; Hang Rae Kim; Hyemin Kim; Yong-Jin Kim; Seung-Pyo Lee; Kyung-Hee Kim; Daehee Kim; Dae-Won Sohn; Byung Joo Cho; Young Il Hwang; Wang Jae Lee.
Vitamin C scavenges toxic free radicals as an antioxidant, and oxidative stress is considered as a major contributor inducing damage to cardiomyocytes in heart diseases. Also, it is well-known that stress provokes oxidative stress and induces cardiac sudden death. Here we show the effects of vitamin C on the prevention of cardiac damage by stress in gulo(-/-) mice which cannot synthesize vitamin C. Vitamin C-insufficient gulo(-/-) mice under stress showed prominent cardiac damage and expired within 2 weeks. It was accompanied with structural changes in the heart, cardiac dysfunction and severe emphysema. These changes were caused by the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-&amp;#x3b1;, the activation of MMP-2/MMP-9, an increase in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4320/version/1

Interleukin-10 containing normal human serum inhibits granzyme B release but not perforin release from alloreactive and EBV-specific T cell clones
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Motoko Nishimura; Hideya Sato; Hitoshi Okazaki; Masahiro Satake; Kenji Tadokoro.
Interleukin-10 (IL-10), also known as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, has pleiotropic effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. It is capable of inhibiting synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interferon [gamma] (IFN[gamma]), IL-2, IL-3, tumor necrosis factor [alpha] (TNF[alpha]) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) made by cells such as macrophages and T helper Type 1 cells. We observed that normal human serum, derived from a healthy individual but containing large amounts of IL-10 (arbitrarily designated as &amp;#x22;IL-10 serum&amp;#x22;), inhibited cytotoxic activity and interfered with granzyme B release from alloreactive cytotoxic T cell clones in vitro, but did not affect perforin release. The addition of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1390/version/1

Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements.  (Version 2.0)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valentin  Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/2

Production of Transgenic Cloned Miniature Pigs with Membrane-bound Human Fas Ligand (FasL) by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jae Goo Seol; Soo Hyun Kim; Dong-Il Jin; Seung Pyo Hong; Ji Yeon Yoo; Ki Myung Choi; Young Chul Park; Yun Jin Yun; Kwang Wook Park; Jae Young Heo.
Cell-mediated xenograft rejection, including NK cells and CD8+ CTL, is a major obstacle in successful pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Human CD8+ CTL and NK cells display high cytotoxicity for pig cells, mediated at least in part by the Fas/FasL pathway. To prevent cell-mediated xenocytotoxicity, a membrane-bound form of human FasL (mFasL) was generated as an inhibitor for CTL and NK cell cytotoxicity that could not be cleaved by metalloproteinase to produce putative soluble FasL. We produced two healthy transgenic pigs harboring the mFasL gene via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In a cytotoxicity assay using transgenic clonal cell lines and transgenic pig ear cells, the rate of CD8+ CTL-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly reduced in transgenic...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4539/version/1

Tuberculosis vaccine: pipeline approaches and future prospective
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: L K Dwivedi; Ankita  Singh; Poonam  Yadav.
Tuberculosis (TB), despite anti-mycobacterial therapies and vaccine, is a deadly infectious disease with about 12 million incident cases worldwide. Existing Bacillus Calmette-Gu&amp;#xe9;rin (BCG) vaccine is unquestionably inexpensive, safe and effective against severe forms of childhood TB but appears to be limited in effectiveness against adult pulmonary disease in endemic areas. Genetic variation in the population is the major obstruction inhibiting validation of biomarkers for protective human immunity against TB. Since current TB cases are presenting new challenges with threats of HIV co-infection therefore various attempts at a global platform are being made to develop a new modified vaccine against it. Consequently, Modified Vaccinia Ankara virus...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5950/version/1

Protective vaccination in the horse against _Streptococcus equi_ with recombinant antigens
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bengt Guss; Margareta Flock; Lars Frykberg; Andrew Waller; Carl Robinson; Ken Smith; Jan-Ingmar Flock.
_Streptococcus equi_ subspecies _equi_ (_S. equi_) is a clonal, equine host-adapted pathogen of global importance that causes a highly contagious suppurative lymphodendopathy of the head and neck, more commonly known as Strangles. The disease is highly prevalent, can be severe and spread easily by visibly infected animals or by carrier animals that show no clinical signs of disease. Antibiotic treatment is usually ineffective. However, the majority of horses develop immunity to re-infection, suggesting that vaccination should be a feasible way to prevent the infection. Live attenuated vaccine strains of _S. equi_ are available but adverse reactions have been reported and they suffer from a short duration of immunity. Thus, a safe and effective vaccine...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2985/version/1

Antibodies targeting Cancer stem cells, A novel pattern in Immunotherapy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sarfaraz Alam.
Antibody targeting of cancer is showing clinical and commercial success after deep research and development over the last 3 decades. They have the great potential to deliver long-term cures but a shift in thinking towards a cancer stem cell (CSC) model for tumour development is certain to have an impact on how antibodies are selected and developed, the targets they bind to and the drugs used in combination with them. CSCs have been identified from many human tumours and share many of the characteristics of normal stem cells such as the ability to renew and metabolically or physically protect themselves from xenobiotic and DNA damage. Targeting CSCs could be a strategy to improve the outcome of cancer therapy. Monoclonal antibodies are clinically and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5428/version/1

Emergence and Fixing of Antiviral Resistance in Influenza A Via Recombination and Hitch Hiking
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman.
The dramatic rise of oseltamivir resistance in the H1N1 serotype in the 2007/2008 season and the fixing of H274Y in the 2008/2009 season has raised concerns regarding individuals at risk for seasonal influenza, as well as development of similar resistance in the H5N1 serotype.  Previously, oseltamivir resistance produced changes in H1N1 and H3N2 at multiple positions in treated patients.  In contrast, the recently reported resistance involved patients who had not recently taken oseltamivir.  Moreover, the resistance was limited to the H1N1 which had acquired H274Y.  Using phylogenetic analysis I show that the fixing of H274Y was due to hitch hiking on a genetic background that acquired key changes from another circulating sub-clade.  H274Y jumped from...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2832/version/1

Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease by NIRF Spectroscopy  and Nuclear Medicine-v.4.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I Baianu.
There is an urgent need for the early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s (AD) and Cancers in order to enable their successful treatment. Cancer is the second major cause of death after Heart Disease, and AD is the third major cause of death with major, human and financial/economics trillion dollar consequences for the society. Nuclear Medicine is concerned with applications in Medicine of Nuclear Science and Engineering techniques and knowledge. Three major Nuclear Medicine techniques that are established for diagnostic and research purposes are: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and CAT/CT, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI/MRI). However, these three techniques have also major limitations in terms of either cost or image...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6273/version/1

Concurrent Acquisition of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Diverse Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.2 Sub-clades
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Magdi D. Saad; Mona M. Aly; Jeffery  Tjaden; Kenneth C. Earhart; Marshall R. Monteville; Moustafa M. Mansour; Nasr El-Sayed; Ahmed E. Nayel; Ahmed S. Abdelghani; Hala M. Esmat; Emad M. Labib; Ehab A. Ayoub; Abdelattar  Arafa; Gregory A. Raczniak; Mensah Agyen-Frempong; William K. Ampofo; Bruce R. Boynton.
Highly pathogenic Influenza A H5N1 was first identified in Guangdong Province in 1996, followed by human cases in Hong Kong in 1997. The number of confirmed human cases now exceeds 300, and the associated Case Fatality Rate exceeds 60%. The genetic diversity of the serotype continues to increase. Four distinct clades or sub-clades have been linked to human cases. The gradual genetic changes identified in the sub-clades have been attributed to copy errors by viral encoded polymerases that lack an editing function, thereby resulting in antigenic drift. We report here the concurrent acquisition of the same polymorphism by multiple, genetically distinct, clade 2.2 sub-clades in Egypt, Russia, and Ghana. These changes are not easily explained by the current...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/459/version/3

VO: Vaccine Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yongqun He; Lindsay Cowell; Alexander  D. Diehl; Harry  Mobley; Bjoern  Peters; Alan  Ruttenberg; Richard  H. Scheuermann; Ryan R. Brinkman; Melanie  Courtot; Chris Mungall; Zuoshuang  Xiang; Fang Chen; Thomas  Todd; Lesley  Colby; Howard  Rush; Trish  Whetzel; Mark  A. Musen; Brian  D. Athey; Gilbert  S. Omenn; Barry  Smith.
The collaborative, community-based Vaccine Ontology (VO) was developed to promote vaccine data standardization, integration, and computer-assisted reasoning. Currently VO covers a variety of aspects of the vaccine domain, with an emphasis on classification of vaccines and vaccine components, and on host immune response to vaccines. VO can be used for a number of applications, e.g., ontology-based vaccine literature mining through collaboration with the National Center for Integrative Biomedical Informatics (NCIBI).
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3553/version/1

Young and Early Career Investigators: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dan H. Barouch; Thumbi  Ndung&amp;#x2019;u; Galit  Alter; Timothy  Cardozo; Bhavna  Chohan; Jacques  Fellay; Nicole  Frahm; Jonathan Fuchs; Alasdair Leslie; Yong Liu; Penny  L. Moore; Raul  Rabadan.
The scientific challenges facing HIV-1 vaccine development are unprecedented in the history of vaccinology. As a result, investigators, funders, and other stakeholders generally agree that &amp;#x201c;game-changing&amp;#x201d; ideas are required. While innovation can certainly arise from investigators at all career stages, young and early-career investigators, defined as those under 40 years of age or within 10 years of their final degree or clinical training, are especially key contributors of novel and transformative ideas. Young and early-career investigators bring energy, enthusiasm, and fresh perspectives that are unbiased by prevailing dogma and that are essential to scientific progress.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4800/version/2

The role of acute inflammation at the peritoneal cavity-enhanced adhesion formation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Roberta Corona; Karina Mailova; Maria Mercedes Binda; Ron Schonman; Jasper Verguts; Philippe Robert Koninckx.
_Objective_: To investigate the role of acute inflammation of the peritoneal cavity in adhesion formation. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Design_: Prospective randomized, controlled trial &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Setting_: University laboratory research center&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Animals_: 9-10 weeks old BALB/c female mice &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Interventions_: In our laparoscopic mouse model acute inflammation of the peritoneal cavity and adhesion formation were evaluated in a control group with CO2 pneumoperitoneum (PP)-enhanced adhesions, in CO2 PP plus manipulation-enhanced adhesions and in the latter group + dexamethasone-reduced adhesions. Adhesions and acute inflammation were assessed by neoangiogenesis, diapedesis and leukocytes accumulation on the 2nd day after surgery....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4788/version/1

Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells With Preclustered anti-CD28/-CD3/-LFA-1 Monoclonal Antibodies Are Highly Effective To Induce The Ex-Vivo Expansion Of Functional Human Antitumor T Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Roberta Zappasodi; Massimo Di Nicola; Carmelo Carlo-Stella; Roberta Mortarini; Alessandra Molla; Claudia Vegetti; Lorena Passoni; Salvatore Albani; Andrea Anichini; Alessandro M. Gianni.
Effective adoptive T cell therapy requires the _ex vivo_ generation of functional T lymphocytes with a long lifespan _in vivo_. We evaluated _in vitro_ T cell expansion by artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPC) generated with activating (human anti-CD3), co-stimulating (human anti-CD28) and adhesion (human anti-LFA-1) monoclonal antibodies pre-clustered in microdomains (MDs) held by a liposome scaffold. The co-localization of T cell ligands in MDs and the targeting of an adhesion protein, increasing the efficiency of immunological synapse formations, represent the novelties of our system. These aAPCs allowed increased expansion of polyclonal CD4^+^ and CD8^+^ T cells and of tumor antigen-specific CD8^+^ T cells compared to anti-CD28- and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1250/version/1

Stronger inflammatory/cytotoxic T cell response in women identified by microarray analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Anura Hewagama; Dipak Patel; Sushma Yarlagadda; Faith M. Strickland; Bruce  C. Richardson.
Women develop chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases like lupus more often than men. The mechanisms causing the increased susceptibility are incompletely understood, although estrogen is believed to contribute. Chronic immune stimulation characterizes many autoimmune disorders. We hypothesized that repeated stimulation may cause a different T cell immune response in women than men. Microarray approaches were used to compare gene expression in T cells from healthy men and women with and without repeated stimulation. Four days following a single stimulation only 25% of the differentially expressed, gender-biased genes were expressed at higher levels in the women. In contrast, following restimulation 72% were more highly expressed in women. Immune response...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2690/version/1

How gut sampling and microbial invasiveness/noninvasiveness provides mucosal immunity with a nonmolecular pattern means to distinguish commensals from pathogens: A review
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: John R. Skoyles.
Mucosal immunity distinguishes not only different microbial antigens but also separates those of pathogens from those of commensals. How this is done is unknown. The present view is that the pathogen/commensal determination of antigens depends upon as yet to be discovered molecular patterns. Here I review the biological feasibility that it also involves the detection of the invasive differences in their motility towards the gut wall when they are sampled by differently biased methods. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;By their nature, pathogens and commensals have different motility &amp;#x2013; invasive and noninvasive &amp;#x2013; in regard to the epithelium. The immune system is in a position to detect such motility differences. This biological...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1895/version/1

Bystander B cells rapidly acquire antigen receptors from activated B cells by membrane transfer: a novel mechanism for enhancing specific antigen presentation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ben J. C. Quah; Vaughan  P. Barlow; Virginia McPhun; Klaus   I. Matthaei; Mark  D. Hulett; Christopher   R. Parish.
The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) efficiently facilitates the capture and processing of a specific antigen for presentation on MHC class II molecules to antigen specific CD4+ T cells (1). Despite this, the majority of B cells are only thought to play a limited role in CD4+ T cell activation since BCRs are clonotypically expressed. Here we show, however, that activated B cells can, both in vitro and in vivo, rapidly donate their BCR to bystander B cells, a process that is mediated by direct membrane transfer between adjacent B cells and is amplified by the interaction of the BCR with specific antigen. This results in a dramatic expansion in the number of antigen-binding B cells in vivo, with the transferred BCR endowing recipient B cells with the ability to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1207/version/1

Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s disease is a TH17 dominant autoimmune disorder against accumulated alpha-synuclein
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wanchung(Wanjiung) Hu.
Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s disease is a very common neurodegenerative disorder. Patients usually undergo destruction of substantia nigra to develop typical symptoms such as resting tremor, hypokinesia, and rigidity. However, the exact mechanism of Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s disease is still unknown, so it is called idiopathic Parkinsonism. According to my microarray analysis of peripheral blood leukocytes and substantia nigra brain tissue, I propose that Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s disease is actually a TH17 dominant autoimmune disease. The autoantigen is mainly alpha-synuclein. After knowing the exact disease pathophysiology, we can develop better drugs to prevent or control the detrimental disorder.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6176/version/1

Multivalent ligands of CD22 for targeting of B cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James C. Paulson.
Multivalent ligands of CD22 for active targeting of B cells. Mary O&amp;#x2019;Reilly, Wei Hsu Chen, Gladys Completo, Ying Zeng, Satoshi Futakawa and Cory Rillahan and James C. Paulson, Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The siglecs comprise 13 members of the immunoglobulin superfamily that recognize sialic acid containing glycans, and are differentially expressed on leukocytes and glial cells.   The natural ligands of siglecs typically occur on the same cell (in cis) and/or on adjacent cells (in trans).  Cis ligands mask the binding of multivalent synthetic sialoside ligands and are thought to regulate the activity of...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3549/version/1

Stomatin-like Protein 2 Links Mitochondria to T-Cell Receptor Signalosomes at the Immunological Synapse and Enhances T-Cell Activation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mark G. Kirchhof; Luan A. Chau; Caitlin D. Lemke; Santosh Vardhana; Peter J. Darlington; Maria E. Marquez; Roy Taylor; Kamilia Rizkalla; Isaac Blaca; Michael L. Dustin; Joaquin Madrenas.
T cell activation through the antigen receptor (TCR) requires sustained signalling from microclusters in the peripheral region of the immunological synapse (IS). The bioenergetics of such prolonged signaling have been linked to the redistribution of mitochondria to the IS. Here, we report that stomatin-like protein-2 (SLP-2) plays an important role in this process by bridging polarized mitochondria to these signaling TCR microclusters or signalosomes in the IS in a polymerized actin-dependent manner. In this way, SLP-2 helps to sustain TCR-dependent signalling and enhances T cell activation.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1068/version/1

Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease is TH17 related autoimmune disease against misfoded beta amyloid
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Jiung(Wan-Chung) Hu.
Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder. However, its exact etiology is still unknown. There were several mechanisms proposed such as the tau hypothesis and amyloid hypothesis. However, there is evidence challenging the above two hypotheses. Here, I propose the immune-amyloid hypothesis as a mechanism for Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. Th17 related autoimmunity contributes to the disease pathogenesis. Accumulation of misfolded beta amyloid can trigger heat shock protein which in turn induces TH17 immunity. By microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, there is up-regulation of many TH17 related molecules after Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. After knowing the exact disease pathogenesis, we can develop new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5934/version/1

Prediction of specific virus outbreaks made from the increased concentration of a new class of virus genomic peptides, replikins.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Advance warning of pathogen outbreaks has not been possible heretofore. A new class of genomic peptides associated with rapid replication was discovered and named replikins. Software was designed to analyze replikins quantitatively. Replikin concentration changes were measured annually prior to, and &amp;#x201c;real time&amp;#x201d; every few days during, the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Replikins were seen by both linear sequence representation and three-dimensional X-ray diffraction, and found to expand on the virus hemagglutinin surface prior to and during the H1N1 pandemic.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;A highly significant increased concentration of virus replikins was found a) retrospectively in three pandemics from 1918 to 1999 (14,227...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6279/version/1

Crosstalk and the spectrum of biological global broadcasts: Toward generalization of the Baars consciousness model across physiological subsystems
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Once cognitive biological phenomena are recognized as necessarily having &amp;#x27;dual&amp;#x27; information sources, it is easy to show that the information theory chain rule implies isolating coresident information sources from crosstalk requires more metabolic free energy than permitting correlation. This provides conditions for an evolutionary exaptation leading to dynamic global broadcasts of interacting cognitive biological processes analogous to, but slower than, consciousness, itself included within the paradigm. The argument is closely analogous to the well-studied exaptation of noise to trigger stochastic resonance amplification in physiological systems.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6898/version/1

The 2010 Scientific Strategic Plan of the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise: A Roadmap for the Future
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alan Bernstein; Peter Piot.
HIV/AIDS is arguably the most significant health challenge facing the world today. The 2008 numbers tell the story: 33.4 million were living with HIV, 2 million people died of AIDS and 2.7 million people were newly infected. Despite impressive scientific advances in developing over two dozen drugs to treat HIV infections, there is still no cure. In addition, only about one-third of those who need drugs have access to therapy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In 2003, recognizing the enormity of the scientific and humanitarian challenge of HIV/AIDS, two-dozen leading investigators and major funding organizations formed the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise, a voluntary alliance of independent organizations committed to working together to accelerate the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4803/version/1

Delayed-Type hypersensitivity to latex: Computational prediction of MHC class II epitopes on latex allergens
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bell R. Eapen.
Delayed type hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex is rare compared to IgE mediated immediate reactions. Binding of allergens to MHC Class II is a crucial step in the presentation of antigens to CD4+ T Cells responsible for delayed reactions. Computational prediction of MHC class II epitopes on thirteen known latex allergens using SMM-align method revealed strong binding with several alleles. This shows that latex allergens are capable of initiating delayed type hypersensitivity in susceptible individuals.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2931/version/1

Chloroplast and Cell Imaging at Submicron Resolution by Two-Photon Excitation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I C. Baianu.
Novel, two-photon NIR excitation fluorescence correlation microspectroscopy tests and preliminary results were presented in this article with submicron resolution for concentrated suspensions of functional cells and chloroplast membranes. Related developments of these technique involve applications of Fluorescence Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy (FCCS) detection to monitoring: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;DNA- telomerase interactions, DNA hybridization kinetics, ligand-receptor interactions, and HIV-HBV testing. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7116/version/1

Cancer Clinical Trials Optimization and Pharmacogenomics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
A critical overview of recent clinical trials in cancer is presented focused on signaling pathways blockers or inhibitors with a view to developing successful clinical trials employing personalized cancer therapies. Rational, pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer trials should be adopted that include specific molecular targeting based on adequate data for, and detailed modeling of, cancer cell genomes, modifications of cancer signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of highly sensitive and specific advanced technology, research findings and computational tools and complex models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. Multiple sample analyses from several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7046/version/1

TLR-9 Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells induced with Lipopolysaccharide
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sangeetha Dharmalingam; Shanmuga Saravanabhavan.
The study conducted here was to investigate the gene and protein expression of Toll like receptor 9 when human bronchial epithelial cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide. TLRs are pattern recognition receptor (PRR) which plays a key role in innate immunity. They recognise the molecules that are shared by pathogens but distinguishes from the host which is referred to as pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The HBECs were first cultured and once it becomes confluent they were induced with 10ng/ml of LPS. In order to find out whether the gene was expressed in the cells, the RNA was isolated and RT-PCR was carried out. Before carrying out the RT-PCR, RNA gel electrophoresis was carried out to show the 28S and 18S bands. Once the gene expression...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4701/version/1

Evaluation of some cellular immune index in HIV infected participants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Martin Ifeanyichukwu; Sam Meludu; Prince Ele; Nkiru Ukibe; Charles Onyenekwe; Michael Ezeani; Clement Ezechukwu; Grace Amilo; Pauline Umeanaeto.
The study was designed to evaluate some cellular immune index of HIV infected participants. For the study, 80 HIV infected participants were recruited for the study. They were aged 15 - 55 years. 45 of these participants were classified as Symptomatic HIV (Stage 11), while the remaining 35 were Asymptomatic HIV (Stage 1). Similarly, 40 HIV seronegative participants served as Control. Blood samples collected from the participants were used HIV screening and confirmation, CD4+ T cell count, absolute lymphocyte count and percent lymphocyte transformation. The CD4+T cell count and percent Lymphocyte Transformation count were significantly lowered in HIV infected participants compared with the HIV Seronegative participants (p&amp;#x3c;0.05 in each case)....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4299/version/1

Comment to &amp;#x22;Endogenous Viral Etiology of Prion Diseases&amp;#x22;
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Claudiu Bandea.
This note is intended as a comment to a paper in Nature Precedings entitled &amp;#x22;Endogenous viral etiology of prion diseases&amp;#x22;:http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3887/version/1 . Because it contains illustrations that could not be displayed in the comments section of that paper, I&amp;#x2019;m posting this comment here as a PDF document.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Neuroscience; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4101/version/1

Novel approaches, including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bali  Pulendran; Rino Rappuoli; Alan Aderem; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a two-day workshop on August 10-11 2009, at the Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center offices in Seattle, WA, to discuss the application of novel approaches,including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development. The goals of this Working Group were to identify key scientific issues and opportunities that have emerged since the Enterprise Scientific Strategic Plan1 was published in 2005, and to make recommendations to Enterprise stakeholders.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4798/version/2

Competent intermediate hosts and genetic re-assortment: what does the ferret and raccoon model tell us about influenza pandemic risk?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Paul Alexander.
Avian influenza virus (AI) strains such as H5N1 and H9N2 are endemic among birds and poultry globally and mainly within Eurasia. Human cases have been reported yet the transmission among humans has been inefficient. While swine and pigs have functioned as the primary intermediate host and genetic re-assorter of AI virus, other intermediate and competent hosts may be emerging. This could be potentially disastrous for humans should this lead to the generation of a pandemic strain. This letter to the editor highlights recent findings of AI spread among ferrets and raccoons and the real prospect of genetic re-assortment and evolution among these intermediate non-avian species that could lead to a pandemic strain. These hosts revealed efficient transmission to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2506/version/1

Modulation of interferon-[alpha] secretion by activated platelets in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pierre Duffau; Julien Seneschal; Carole Nicco; Jean-Fran&amp;#xe7;ois Viallard; Jean-Luc Pellegrin; Bernard Weill; Jean-Fran&amp;#xe7;ois Moreau; Fr&amp;#xe9;d&amp;#xe9;ric Batteux; Patrick Blanco.
Type I interferons play a key role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis as an &amp;#x22;IFN signature&amp;#x22; is found in the majority of patients with active SLE. Immune complexes are internalized by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC) via Fc-[gamma] ReceptorIIA, reach the endosomal compartment and activate IFN-[alpha] secretion through TLR7/9-dependent pathways. Naturally occurring differences in expression of the TLR7/9 gene as well as factors that modulate TLR7/9 expression, including CD154 could therefore contribute to SLE pathogenesis. Although its origin is not elucidated CD154 is hyperexpressed in SLE patients, and is important for the differentiation of autoantibody-secreting cells. We hypothesized that platelets which are an...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1528/version/1

Cognitive epidemiology of ethnic health and the CHRM2 vagal vigour hypothesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Roy A. Frye.
Ethnic populations representing areas throughout California were compared regarding cognitive ability, socioeconomic position, and mortality. Cognition and socioeconomic position were inversely correlated with mortality. The single nucleotide polymorphism rs8191992 in the M2 muscarinic receptor gene (CHRM2) was previously linked to IQ and modulation of vagal tone. The CHRM2 vagal vigour hypothesis posits that variation at rs8191992 alters the binding site for a brain-expressed microRNA (hsa-mir-383) thereby changing expression of brain M2 muscarinic receptors to cause pleiotropic effects on cognition and vagus nerve signalling which then affects health via the vagal cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. This may help explain ethnic health differences,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2862/version/1

Genome Replikin Count Predicts Increased Infectivity/Lethality of Viruses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
The genomes of all groups of viruses whose sequences are listed on Pubmed, specimens since 1918, analyzed by a software from Bioradar UK Ltd., contain Replikins which range in concentration from a Replikin Count (number of Replikins per 100 amino acids) of less than 1 to 30 (see accompanying communications for higher Counts in tuberculosis, malaria, and cancer, associated with higher lethality). Counts of less than 4.0 were found in &amp;#x2018;resting&amp;#x2019; virus states; Counts greater than 4.0, found to be associated with rapid replication, were found invariably to accompany or to predict virus outbreaks, by as much as two years, in viral hosts examined from salmon, to birds, to livestock, to humans. X-ray diffraction showed Replikins to be on the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7144/version/1

Effect of hyperglycemia on inflammatory markers in patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rajeev Goyal; Abul F. Faizy; Najmul  Islam.
The role of inflammation in causation of both Diabetes and its complications has gained acceptance. Initially, hyperglycemia was thought to be the factor causing inflammation, but recently, obesity has gained attraction as probable cause of inflammation. We have studied the levels of markers of inflammation in Diabetic patients, with uncontrolled hyperglycemia, before and after treatment. The results indicate that hyperglycemia significantly causes increase in inflammatory markers like TNF-&amp;#x3b1; and IL-6, which further contribute to pathogenesis of Diabetes mellitus type 2 as well as its complications such as atherosclerosis and neuropathy.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1567/version/1

Huntington&amp;#x2019;s disease is a TH17 related autoimmune disorder against mutant Huntingtin coded by multiple CAG triplets
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wanchung(Wanjiung) Hu.
Huntington&amp;#x2019;s disease is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder. It belongs to the polyQ accumulation disease with mutant Huntington protein. The mutant Huntington has expanded CAG triplet repeats which make it easy to accumulate. However, the exact mechanism causing Huntington&amp;#x2019;s disease pathophysiology is unknown. Here, I propose that Huntington&amp;#x2019;s disease is an autoimmune disease. During childhood, there are Treg cells from the thymus to prevent autoimmune reaction against mutant Huntington. When the patient grows older with thymus atrophy, the accumulated mutant Huntington triggers TH17 related inflammatory reaction via heat shock proteins and toll-like receptor activation. Then, TH17 related cytokines such as...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6129/version/1

Non-specific binding of antibodies in immunohistochemistry: Fakes and facts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Igor Buchwalow; Vera  Samoilova; Werner Boecker; Markus  Tiemann.
Protocols for blocking non-specific antibody (Ab) binding in immunohistochemistry are based on rather contradictory and outdated reports.  This prompted us to prove, whether non-specific Ab binding may really lead to unwanted background staining in routinely processed cell and tissue probes.  In this study, the probes were fixed and processed according to routine protocols with and without a blocking step (goat serum or BSA).  Surprisingly, all Ab in probes processed without a blocking step did not show any propensity towards non-specific binding that might lead to background staining, thus implying that endogenous Fc receptors do not retain their ability to bind Fc portion of Ab after standard fixation.  Likewise in routinely fixed probes, we did not find...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5892/version/1

Evolution of malaria virulence in cross-generation transmission through selective immune pressure
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David E. Gurarie.
Theoretical arguments and some mathematical models of host-parasite coevolution (e.g. [1- 6]) suggest host immunity as the driving source for the evolution of parasite virulence. Imperfect vaccines in particular, can play the role and recent work [7] sets to test these ideas experimentally, using the mouse malaria model, Plasmodium chabaudi. To this end the authors evolve parasite lines in immunized and nonimmunized (&amp;#x201c;na&amp;#xef;ve&amp;#x201d;) mice using serial passage of infected blood samples. They find parasite lines evolved in immunized mice become more virulent than those evolved in naive mice. Furthermore, this feature persisted even when the evolved strains were transmitted through mosquitoes. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Here we develop a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/203/version/1

IL-1 regulates the IL-23 response to wheat gliadin, the etiologic agent of Celiac Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kristina M. Harris; Alessio Fasano; Dean L. Mann.
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease prevalent in ~1% of the general population. CD is unique because both the major genetic (Human Leukocyte Antigen-DQ2/DQ8 alleles) and etiologic factors (dietary glutens) for susceptibility are known. While these alleles are responsible for the inappropriate T cell response that characterizes CD, they are not sufficient since most HLA-DQ2+/DQ8+ individuals exposed to glutens never develop disease. The reasons for this have not been explained; however our novel findings strongly advocate a role for interleukin-23 (IL-23) in the immunopathogenesis of CD. We demonstrate that wheat gliadin stimulates monocytes to produce significantly higher amounts of inflammatory cytokines IL-1b, IL-23, and tumor necrosis factor-a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1882/version/1

Allicin from garlic suppresses TNF-&amp;#x3b1; and augments IFN-&amp;#x3b3; expressions in monocyte cultures from patients with Vaginitis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Najmul Islam; Jawed Iqbal; Nazarul Hasan; Zeeshan Fatima; Hamida Thakur; Nazia Hasan; Abbas Ali Mahdi; Tamkin Khan; Farzana Bano; Irfan Ahmad Ansari.
Objective: We tried to explore beneficial effects of allicin- a natural antioxidant from garlic in the possible management of vaginitis. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC&amp;#x2019;s) were isolated from blood of patients having vaginal infections as well as normal healthy subjects as per our published protocol. Monocytes (MN&amp;#x2019;s) from above PBMC&amp;#x2019;s were adhered, rested overnight and cultured without or with varying doses of allicin (0-500 ng/ml). Some cultures received SN50 and SN50M (100 ug/ml). After 24 hrs cultures, the cells were harvested and the supernatants subjected to secreted TNF-&amp;#x3b1; and sIFN-&amp;#x3b3; assays by ELISA. Treated/untreated harvested cells were subjected to glutathione...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1560/version/1

Cancer and the social induction of aging
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace; Deborah Wallace.
Age has long been known as the primary population &amp;#x27;risk factor&amp;#x27; for cancer. We suggest that the observed disparities in hormonal cancers by ethnicity, gender, and other indices of social structure and power relationships, imply a differential aging by psychosocial and environmental exposures, in the context of cross-generational epigenetic heritage. A relatively simple model of malignancy regulation illuminates the cellular root of induced aging, and explains the decline in cancer rate with extreme old age via telomere shortening. We find that the multifactorial determinants of the disorder cannot be effectively addressed by &amp;#x27;small molecule&amp;#x27; interventions at the individual level, but must involve comprehensive prevention...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6146/version/1

A theory for the tissue specificity of BRCA1/2 related and other hereditary cancers
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernard Friedenson.
Women who inherit a defective BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have risks for breast and ovarian cancer that are so high and seem so selective that many mutation carriers choose to have prophylactic surgery.   There has been much conjecture to explain such apparently striking tissue specificity.  All these suggestions share the assumption that some disabled function of normal tumor suppressor genes leads to a tissue specific cancer response.  Here the idea is proposed and tested that major determinants of where BRCA1/2 hereditary cancers occur are related to tissue specificity of the cancer pathogen, the agent that causes chronic inflammation or the carcinogen.  The target tissue may have receptors for the pathogen, become selectively exposed to an inflammatory process...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4881/version/1

Dibutyltin Disrupts Glucocorticoid Receptor Function and Impairs Glucocorticoid-induced Suppression of Cytokine Production
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christel Gumy; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana; Anna A. Dzyakanchuk; Denise V. Kratschmar; Michael E. Baker; Alex Odermatt.
_Background_. Organotins are highly toxic and widely distributed environmental chemicals. Dibutyltin (DBT) is used as stabilizer in the production of polyvinyl chloride plastics, and it is also the major metabolite formed from tributyltin (TBT) _in vivo_. DBT is immunotoxic, however, the responsible targets remain to be defined. Due to the importance of glucocorticoids in immune-modulation, we investigated whether DBT could interfere with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Methodology_. We used HEK-293 cells transiently transfected with human GR as well as rat H4IIE hepatoma cells and native human macrophages and human THP-1 macrophages expressing endogenous receptor to study organotin effects on GR function. Docking of organotins was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2312/version/1

Is severity of clinical manifestations following _H. lepturus_ envenomation related to serum TNF-&amp;#x3b1; level?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amir A. Jalali; Mohammad H. Pipelzadeh; Mohammad M. Taraz; Ali A. Khodadadi; Manoochr M. Makvandi.
Thirty six patients, with varying degrees of severity of envenomation, because of envenomation by _Hemiscorpius lepturus_ scorpion, were systematically investigated. The serum levels (by double-ligand ELIZA kit) of interlukin-1 (IL-1), interlukin-6 (IL-6), interlukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-&amp;#x3b1; (TNF- &amp;#x3b1;) were compared with 30 healthy controls and 10 age-matched patients envenomed by _Mesobuthus eupeus_ scorpion. Blood samples from _M. eupeus_ and _H. lepturus_ victims were taken on admission and once more after 6 hr after serotherapy with multivalent antivenom from _H. lepturus_ envenomed subjects. The results suggest that, unlike _M. eupeus_, the toxic manifestations observed following H lepturus may be associated with increase...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4382/version/1

An Ontology for Designing Models of Epidemics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Geoffrey Frank; William Wheaton; Vesselina Bakalov; Phillip Cooley; Diane Wagener.
Models of epidemics allow decision makers to explore the consequences of different interventions. The Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) project has been collecting studies, models, data supporting the models, and publications providing historical evidence about epidemics.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;An ontology has been developed for MIDAS to support the collection, documentation, and dissemination of models. It uses relations to link taxonomies (including a subset of the infectious disease ontology) that define the scope of its models and supporting documentation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The ontology is used to aid in the navigation process that is part of the user interface for identifying which studies and publications are available in the MIDAS repository...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3555/version/1

Effective Sample Size: Quick Estimation of the Effect of Related Samples in Genetic Case-Control Association Analyses
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yaning B. Yang; Elaine L. Remmers; Chukwuma Ogunwole; Daniel Kastner; Peter K. Gregersen; Wentian F. Li.
Correlated samples have been frequently avoided in case-control&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;genetic association&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa; studies in part  because the methods for handling them are either not&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;easily implemented or not widely known. We&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;advocate one method for case-control association analysis of correlated&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;samples -- the effective sample size method -- as a simple and&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;accessible approach that does not require specialized computer programs.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The effective sample size method captures the variance inflation&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;of allele frequency estimation exactly, and can be used to modify the&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;chi-square test statistic, p-value, and 95% confidence interval...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/400/version/1

IMGT/GENE-DB: genomic reference sequences for human and mouse IG and TR genes and alleles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Fatena Bellahcene; Ge&amp;#x301;raldine Folch; Joumana Jabado-Michaloud; Chantal Ginestoux; Patrice Duroux; Ve&amp;#x301;ronique Giudicelli; Marie-Paule Lefranc.
The immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) major loci span about 6 Megabases (Mb) of the human genome on chromosomes 2, 7, 14 and 22, and 9 Mb in mouse on chromosomes 6, 12, 13, 14 and 16. There are seven major loci: three IG loci (IGH, IGK, IGL) and four TR loci (TRA, TRB, TRG, TRD), with a distinct repartition of the variable (V), diversity (D), joining (J) and constant (C) genes. The human genome comprises a total number of 608-665 IG and TR genes (371-422 IG and 237-243 TR), depending on the haplotypes, per haploid genome ^1, 2^ of which 531-588 genes are located in the major loci (distributed in 369-418 V, 32 D, 105-109 J and 25-29 C genes). There are also 77 orphons (68 IG and 9 TR) including two processed IG genes, outside the major loci. The...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3158/version/1

Upstream Stimulatory Factor (USF) and CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein &amp;#x3b4; (C/EBP&amp;#x3b4;) Compete for overlapping Sites in the Negative Regulatory Region of the HIV-1 LTR
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Torik T. A. Ayoubi; Sandra M. P. Meulemans; Wim W. J. M. Van de Ven.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a human retrovirus and the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Genetic analysis has revealed that the HIV-1 LTR contains a potential negative regulatory element (NRE) with an E box, the recognition sequence for the helix-loop-helix (HLH) family of transcription factors. Furthermore, the upstream stimulatory factor (USF) has been implicated as a negative regulator of HIV-1 expression. Here, we report that the NRE is a composite element and that both C/EBP&amp;#x3b4; and USF can specifically bind to the NRE. The recognition sequence for C/EBP&amp;#x3b4; overlaps with the E box in the NRE of HIV-1. Competition experiments showed that either USF or C/EBP&amp;#x3b4; binds to this NRE but not...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1212/version/1

Steroidal anti inflammatory drug betamethasone significantly alters level of striatal dopamine in a rat model of Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani; Hasan Mehrab; Amin Geravand; Nasir Mohajer; Mostafa Saffari.
Many scientific efforts have been well done to investigate the effects of anti inflammatory agents on the degenerative brain diseases such as Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s (PD) or Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s disease and their affiliated sings. Previously we showed the effectiveness of steroids on rigidity of PD and in the study for further mechanistic investigation of that observation the microdialysis technique was employed to determine the striatal dopamine changes in parkinsonian rats after administration of betamethasone (0.12, 0.24 mg/kg) respectively. Our findings showed us the significant increase in the striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission (P&amp;#x3c;0.05) after administration of betamethasone comparing to the controls. These observations suggest a new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Immunology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2330/version/1

Subtyping of Dengue Viruses using Return Time Distribution based Appproach
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Pandurang Kolekar; Mohan Kale; Urmila Kulkarni-Kale.
Dengue virus (DENV) is the causative agent of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome, and continues to represent a major public health hazard. DENVs are antigenically classified in four serotypes and each serotype is further divided into respective genotypes. The association between DENV subtypes and the kind &amp;#x26; severity of disease caused by them is known. Experimental and computational approaches for subtyping are routinely used for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment of DENV, in addition to the study of phylodynamics. All virus-specific molecular subtyping tools make use of sequence alignments at backend. But as the volume of molecular data increases, alignment-dependent methods become computationally intensive. Hence, the need for...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5590/version/1

Creating a Translational Medicine Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christine Denney; Colin Batchelor; Olivier Bodenreider; Sam Cheng; John Hart; John Hill; John Madden; Mark Musen; Elgar Pichler; Matthias Samwald; Sa&amp;#x301;ndor Szalma; Lynn Schriml; David Sedlock; Larisa Soldatova; Koji Sonoda; David Statham; Holger Stenzhorn; Patricia L. Whetzel; Elizabeth Wu; Susie Stephens.
*Abstract*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We, participants in the Translational Medicine Ontology activity of the World Wide Web Consortium&amp;#x2019;s Health Care and Life Sciences Interest Group (&amp;#x22;http://esw.w3.org/topic/HCLSIG&amp;#x22;:http://esw.w3.org/topic/HCLSIG) and members of the National Center for Biomedical Ontology (&amp;#x22;http://bioontology.org/&amp;#x22;:http://bioontology.org/), are developing a high-level, patient-centric ontology for translational medicine which will draw on existing domain ontologies and allow the integration of data throughout the drug development process.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Introduction*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The pharmaceutical industry has historically focused on the development of novel blockbuster drugs....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3686/version/1

Bacterial Capnine Blocks Transcription of Human Antimicrobial Peptides
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trevor G. Marshall.
The US CDC believes that 65% of all infections in developed countries may be caused by pathogens in biofilms. Electron Microscopy has shown that these bacterial communities can evade phagocytosis, and persist in the cytoplasm of monocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Three decades ago, Wirostko _et al._ found such intraphagocytic communities in Crohn&amp;#x2019;s disease, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis and Sarcoidosis. However, the mechanism(s) by which such persistent bacteria could evade the immune system have remained elusive. Recently, 16S RNA from species of gliding bacteria never thought to be able to survive _in vivo_, have been found in surgically removed biofilms. This study set out to identify whether the genomes of these gliding...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/164/version/1

Screening of actinobacteria for antimicrobial activities by a modified &amp;#x22;Cross-Streak&amp;#x22; method
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat; Sonashia Velho-Pereira.
New molecule discovery from natural sources, such as that of actinobacteria, has proved to be an interesting area in antibiotic research, as most of these antibiotics are difficult to synthesize. Out of 30 actinobacterial cultures screened for antimicrobial activity, 28 cultures were found to produce active products against various pathogenic microorganisms such as Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and yeast, using a &amp;#x2018;modified cross streak method.&amp;#x27; The modified method helped in easy quantification of results and also in ruling out probable mutual antibiosis. 53%, 13% and 10% of tested actinobacterial strains belonging to Streptomyces, Micromonospora and Actinomadura genera, respectively, showed the ability of producing antimicrobial...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6765/version/1

Review of Immunoinformatic approaches to in-silico B-cell epitope prediction
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rick Reitmaier.
In this paper, the current state of in-silico, B-cell epitope prediction is discussed.   Recommendations for improving some of the approaches encountered are outlined, along with the presentation of an entirely novel technique, which uses molecular mechanics for epitope classification, evaluation and prediction.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/353/version/1

Hypercytokinemia: Increased or decreased innate immunity?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Milind Watve; Sonam  Mandani; Prajakta Belsare.
The adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ which secretes proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines resulting into raised serum levels. Hypercytokinemia has been interpreted as raised level of innate immunity and its evolution is interpreted as a response to increased chances of infection under starvation conditions in which the thrifty phenotype evolved. If starvation and infection challenges co-occurred during hunter gatherer life, thrifty genotype and infection resistant genotype may have co-evolved. An inherent weakness of this explanation is that in obesity or insulin resistance there is no evidence of increased resistance to infections. The raised levels of inflammatory cytokines have not been demonstrated to combat infections or enhance wound...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2710/version/1

SARS-CoV Regulates Immune Function-Related Gene Expressions in Human Monocytic Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Jiung(Wan-Chung) Hu; Yu-Ting Yen; Sher Singh; Chuan-Liang Kao; Betty A. Wu-Hsieh.
Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is characterized by acute respiratory distress (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis, and the monocyte/macrophage is the key player in the pathogenesis of SARS.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa; &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: In this study, we compared the transcriptional profiles of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infected monocytic cells against that infected by coronavirus 229E (CoV-229E). Total RNA was extracted from infected DC-SIGN transfected monocytes (THP-1-DC-SIGN) at 6 and 24 h after infection and the gene expression was profiled by oligonucleotide-based microarray. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results: Analysis of immune-related gene expression profiles showed that 24 h after SARS-CoV infection, (i)...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5908/version/1

High efficiency transfection of thymic epithelial cell lines and primary thymic epithelial cells by Nucleofection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Richard T. O&amp;#x27;Neil; Qiaozhi Wei; Brian G. Condie.
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are required for the development and differentiation of T cells and are sufficient for the positive and negative selection of developing T cells. Although TECs play a critical role in T cell biology, simple, efficient and readily scalable methods for the transfection of TEC lines and primary TECs have not been described. We tested the efficiency of Nucleofection for the transfection of 4 different mouse thymic epithelial cell lines that had been derived from cortical or medullary epithelium. We also tested primary mouse thymic epithelial cells isolated from fetal and postnatal stages. We found that Nucleofection was highly efficient for the transfection of thymic epithelial cells, with transfection efficiencies of 30-70% for...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6283/version/1

Schizophrenia is a TH2 dominant autoimmune disease possibly against acetylcholine receptors of CNS
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wanchung(Wan-Jiung) Hu.
Schizophrenia is a very common psychiatric disorder. However, its etiology and pathogenesis is still unknown. Current theory saying that neurotransmitter imbalance such as serotonin or dopamine only provides limited effectiveness in schizophrenia treatment by drugs changing serotonin and dopamine concentration. Despite of such treatment, majority of schizophrenia patients still have very poor prognosis. Thus, the neurotransmitter imbalance theory is not correct. Here, I propose that schizophrenia is actually a TH2 dominant autoimmune disorder. The candidate of autoantigen could be acetylcholine receptors of CNS. My theory can explain the positive as well as negative symptoms of schizophrenia. By microarray analysis of PBMCS, one-tenth of the total 519...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6978/version/1

Genetic and Immune Predictors for Hypersensitivity Syndrome to Antiepileptic Drugs
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Manuela G. Neuman; Radu M. Nanau; Lawrence Cohen; Paul A. Hwang.
Hypersensitivity syndrome reactions (HSR) to antiepileptic drugs (AED) are associated with severe clinical cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR).Our aims are: to assess HSRs to AEDs using the in vitro lymphocyte toxicity assay (LTA) in patients who manifested HSRs clinically, to correlate LTA results with the clinical syndrome, to correlate LTA results with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele B*1502 (HLA-B*1502) positivity in a Han Chinese-Canadian population, and to determine the cytokine network in this population. HSR patients developed fever and cutaneous eruptions in the presence or absence of organ involvement within 8 weeks of exposure to carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PHY) or lamotrigine (LTG). Control patients received AEDs without presenting...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6477/version/1

Genomic Replikin Count Predicts Increased Lethality of Malaria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Genomic Replikin Counts predict both the increase and the decrease of lethality of malaria
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7142/version/1

Rethinking Leucine Zipper &amp;#x2013; a ubiquitous signal transduction motif
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yaroslav Nikolaev; Konstantin Pervushin.
In this essay we attempt to reconsider the concept of the &amp;#x201c;Leucine Zipper&amp;#x201d; (LZ) protein oligomerization motif. Reasoning on the wealth of existing data, we suggest that despite of the structural similarity with highly stable extended &amp;#x201c;Coiled Coil&amp;#x201d; motifs, on the functional level short and moderately stable &amp;#x201c;Leucine Zippers&amp;#x201d; might stand out as a distinct group. Namely, this family of oligomerization motifs facilitates combinatorial protein-protein recognition in the course of signal transduction events, thus going beyond the structural role of the extended &amp;#x201c;Coiled Coils&amp;#x201d;. Summarizing the existing knowledge on stability, specificity and folding of Leucine Zippers we...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3271/version/1

Epitopes in ChEBI - A Collaboration with the IEDB
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zara Josephs; Marcus Ennis; Steve Turner; Gareth Owen; Bjoern Peters; Randi Vita; Christoph Steinbeck.
*ChEBI background:* Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) is a curated database of small chemical entities important in biosystems. As well as a description of entities, it provides a semantically rich knowledge base; and an internal hierarchy that organises the entities by their molecular structure types and potential r&amp;#xf4;les.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*The ChEBI-IEDB collaboration:* The Immune Epitope and Analysis Resource (IEDB) is a project supported by contract from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Its goal is to make epitope-related data on infectious diseases and immune disorders freely available to researchers worldwide. In June 2009, ChEBI began working with the IEDB on a project aimed...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5094/version/1

Differences in the gene expression profile of human monocytic cells activated by high and low affinity Fc-gamma-receptors.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Renji Reghunathan; Alirio Jose Melendez; Peter Natesan Pushparaj.
Receptors for the constant (Fc) region of immunoglobulin G, play an important role in linking the humoral and cellular arms of immune response. Three different classes of receptors have been defined, Fc&amp;#x3b3;RI (CD64), Fc&amp;#x3b3;RII (CD 32), and Fc&amp;#x3b3;RIII (CD16). We have previously shown that in a human monocyte model (IFN&amp;#x3b3;-primed U937 cells), Fc&amp;#x3b3;RI and Fc&amp;#x3b3;RII stimulation trigger two very distinct intracellular signalling pathways. Here we show for the first time, the use of oligonucleotide microarrays to investigate the overall gene-expression profile of human monocytes triggered with Fc&amp;#x3b3;RI or Fc&amp;#x3b3;RII. Our data indicate that several interesting genes are differentially expressed in response...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1149/version/1

Cervical Cancer-Associated Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Oncoprotein Inhibits Induction of Anti-Cancer Immunity by a CD4+ T Cell Dependent Mechanism
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marion E. G. Brunck; Xiao Song Liu; Jie Zhong; Germain J. Fernando.
Attempts to develop therapeutic vaccines against cervical cancer have been proven difficult. One of the major causes of the failure is due to the use of the wrong mouse models based on transplantable tumours in testing the efficacy of vaccines. Now that a transgenic epithelial mouse model has been developed to closely mimic cervical cancer, the mechanisms needed to eliminate this type of cancer could be studied. The E7 oncoprotein of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most expressed HPV protein in cervical cancers and its continuous production is essential to maintain the cancerous state and therefore the obvious target in the development of vaccines. Skin grafts expressing the HPV 16 E7 protein (E7 autografts) are not spontaneously rejected from an MHC...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3405/version/1

Interaction of the TNFR-Receptor Associated Factor TRAF1 with I-kappa B Kinase-2 and TRAF2 Indicates a Regulatory Function for NF-kappa B Signaling
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kalsoom A. Sughra; Andreas Birbach; Rainer de Martin; Johannes A. Schmid.
*Background*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;I-kappa B kinase 2 (IKK2 or IKK-beta) is one of the most crucial signaling kinases for activation of NF-kappa B, a transcription factor that is important for inflammation, cell survival and differentiation. Since many NF-kappa B activating pathways converge at the level of IKK2, molecular interactions of this kinase are pivotal for regulation of NF-kappa B signaling.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Methodology/Principal Findings*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We searched for proteins interacting with IKK2 using the C-terminal part (amino acids 466-756) as bait in a yeast two-hybrid system and identified the N-terminal part (amino acids 1-228) of the TNF-receptor associated factor TRAF1 as putative interaction partner. The interaction...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4153/version/2

Parrot proventricular dilatation disease: a possible model of Guillain-Barre&amp;#x301; syndrome?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Giacomo Rossi; Lorenzo Crosta; Stefano Pesaro.
Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) affects parrots with clinico-pathological aspects similar to those of the Guillain-Barre&amp;#x301; syndrome (GBS), a human neurophathy. We observed that in sera of PPD-affected parrots antibodies to gangliosides were detectable, similarly to that observed for GBS, and that quantification of such antibodies could be diagnostic for PDD. Then, we proved that administration of purified gangliosides to parrots, elicited autoimmune response and a pathological outcome similar to that of natural PDD. We propose this model not only for better studying PDD, but also as the basis for developing a reliable animal model of GBS.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2590/version/1

Host Genetics and Viral Diversity: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andrew McMichael; Francine  McCutchan; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a workshop in September 2009 to discuss human and viral genetic variation and its impact on future directions for HIV vaccine research and development. The formidable challenges presented by virus and host genetic variability are interrelated and complicate vaccine development. HIV vaccine researchers need to develop innovative approaches that will facilitate addressing these questions in novel ways.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4797/version/1

Lost in translation: Toward a formal model of multilevel, multiscale medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
For a broad spectrum of low level cognitive regulatory and other biological phenomena, isolation from signal crosstalk between them requires more metabolic free energy than permitting correlation. This allows an evolutionary exaptation leading to dynamic global broadcasts of interacting physiological processes at multiple scales. The argument is similar to the well-studied exaptation of noise to trigger stochastic resonance amplification in physiological subsystems. Not only is the living state characterized by cognition at every scale and level of organization, but by multiple, shifting, tunable, cooperative larger scale broadcasts that link selected subsets of functional modules to address problems. This multilevel dynamical viewpoint has implications...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6973/version/1

Host Genetics and Viral Diversity: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andrew McMichael; Francine  McCutchan; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a workshop in September 2009 to discuss human and viral genetic variation and its impact on future directions for HIV vaccine research and development. The formidable challenges presented by virus and host genetic variability are interrelated and complicate vaccine development. HIV vaccine researchers need to develop innovative approaches that will facilitate addressing these questions in novel ways.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4797/version/2

Molecular Static and Dynamic Analyses reveal Flaw in Murine Model used by US FDA to Detect Drug Carcinogenicity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trevor Marshall.
The US FDA currently accepts carcinogenicity studies of pharmaceutical drugs based on murine models. In addition to 6 month studies with p53(+/-) and ras.H2 transgenic mice, lifetime studies (typically 2 years) in WT mice or rats are also considered as evidence that a drug lacks carcinogenic activity. This model is not always exhaustive. For example, during the acceptance testing of the ARB Olmesartan[1], possible carcinogenicity observed in hamsters was not able to be duplicated in rats, or in transgenic mice. We have previously used the static molecular modeling of AutoDock to demonstrate that Olmesartan has agonostic activity in the PDB:1DB1 model of the human VDR Nuclear Receptor[2], while it has antagonistic activity in the PDB:1RK3 model of the rat...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Immunology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/52/version/1

A novel strategy for the targeted analysis of protein and peptide metabolites
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nicholas A. Williamson; Charles Reilly; Chor-Teck Tan; Sri-Harsha Ramarathinam; Alun Jones; Christie L. Hunter; Francis R. Rooney; Anthony W. Purcell.
The detection and quantitation of exogenously administered biological macromolecules (e.g. vaccines, peptide and protein therapeutics) and their metabolites is frequently complicated by the presence of a complex endogenous mixture of closely related compounds. We describe a method that incorporates stable isotope labeling of the compound of interest allowing the selective screening of the intact molecule and all metabolites using a modified precursor ion scan. This method involves monitoring the low molecular weight fragment ions produced during MS/MS that distinguish isotopically labelled material from related endogenous compounds. All isotopically labelled substances can be selected using this scanning technique for further analysis whilst other...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3812/version/1

Trypsin digest of cancer cells surface stimulates anti-tumor immune response better than cancer cells themselves
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Petr Lokhov; Balashova Elena.
Antigens expressed on the surface of cancer cells are accessible targets for both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, and are therefore potential candidates for vaccine development. Treating surface of live human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) with trypsin yields a digest that contains 0.7% of total cell protein. Despite this difference, the trypsin digest stimulates in cytotoxicity assays anti-tumor response which kills 10-40% more cancer cells than those stimulated with cells themselves. From these results, we concluded that trypsin digest obtained from live cancer cells contains the essential antigens to induce an immune-mediated anti-tumor effect, and therefore, is candidate for anti-tumor vaccine development.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4895/version/1

Diet, Genetic Factors, and the Gut Microbiome in Crohn&amp;#x27;s Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gary D. Wu; James D. Lewis; Frederic D. Bushman.
This manuscript is part of a pilot effort on the part of NIH staff and the Nature publishing group to provide a more convenient archive for &amp;#x22;marker papers&amp;#x22; to be published.  These &amp;#x22;marker papers&amp;#x22; are designed to provide the users of community resource data sets with information regarding the status and scope of individual community resource projects.  For further information see editorial in September 2010 edition of Nature Genetics (Nature Genetics, 42, 729 (2010)), and the Nature Precedings HMP summary page.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Project IDs: 46313, 46879&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Publication moratorium: 1 year&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;     We propose to investigate the hypothesis that consistent changes...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5006/version/1

Anti-HIV therapy: pipeline approaches and future directions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lavkush Dwivedi; Mansi Shrivastava.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with about 30 million deaths and double infections (in developing countries), is an open challenge today for global scientists. Developing safe and effective measurements against it has become the prime need of hour. Though, putting it at health priority, various efforts like chemotherapy, vaccines and others are attempted globally over last decade. Consequently, highly active antiretroviral therapy was introduced but fails to completely block the viral replication due to drug resistance and various other severe side effects. The antigenic variability and lack of appropriate experimental models is the major obstacle in the development of an ever effective treatment against HIV. However, to overcome the present hurdles...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5540/version/1

Hypothesis: Is the Omega-3 PUFA Content of Milk Related to Type 1 Diabetes?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Harvey Arbesman; Marian C. Arbesman.
The incidence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) has been increasing over the past 50 years. The geographical variation in the incidence of T1D varies 400 fold from a low rate in China to a very high incidence in Finland, Sardinia and Yemenite Jews in Israel. The reason behind these epidemiologic findings is unclear at this time and further elucidating the factors related to this intriguing epidemiology of T1D can help us better understand certain risk factors, the pathogenesis of the disease, and help reduce the incidence of T1D. We hypothesize that the _variation_ of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of cow&amp;#x2019;s milk and human breast milk may play a very important role in the development of Type 1 Diabetes in genetically predisposed...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5876/version/1

Cyclin kinase inhibitor p21: a mediator of immune tolerance: direct and indirect evidence
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ashwani Khanna.
*Background:* Uncontrolled proliferation of T-cells is considered a barrier to the induction of transplantation tolerance by T regulatory cells. Therefore, cyclin kinase inhibitor p21, one of the most potent inhibitors of cell proliferation, may exert an important role in the induction/generation of T regulatory cells.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Methods:* CD4^+^CD25^+^ and CD4^+^CD25^-^ cells were isolated from normal healthy blood donors (n=6), p21^-/-^ mice (n=9) and wild type mice (n=9). Proliferation with and without cyclosporine was quantified by ^3^H-thymidine uptake assay (expressed as counts per minute) and FoxP3 mRNA was studied by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Results:* The difference in proliferation (p&amp;#x3c;0.003) among...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3378/version/1

Bridging the Gaps between Fundamental, Preclinical and Clinical Research: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lawrence  Corey; Brigitte  Autran; Louis  Picker; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise (the Enterprise) convened a two-day workshop on 17-18 September 2009, at the Enterprise offices in New York; to discuss approaches to bridging the gaps between fundamental,preclinical and clinical HIV vaccine research. The topic of this Working Group originated from discussions of the Enterprise Science Committee,which proposed that more effective collaboration between these three areas of HIV vaccine research is needed in order to accelerate the pace of scientific progress in the field. Because the meeting took place before the release of the RV144 trial results held in Thailand, the conclusions reached during the meeting were further discussed during consultations at scientific conferences and at a joint meeting of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4799/version/1

Reactome - a knowledgebase of human biological pathways
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bijay Jassal; Esther E. Schmidt; Guanming Wu; Imre Vastrik; David Croft; Bernard de Bono; Gopal Gopinath; Marc Gillespie; Steven Jupe; Gavin O&amp;#x27;Kelly; Lisa Matthews; Phani V. Garapati; Michael Caudy; Alexander Kanapin; Bruce May; Shahana Mahajan; Ewan Birney; Peter  D&amp;#x27;Eustachio; Lincoln Stein.
Reactome (&amp;#x22;http://www.reactome.org&amp;#x22;:http://www.reactome.org) is an expert-authored, peer-reviewed knowledgebase of human reactions and pathways that functions as a data mining resource and electronic textbook. Its current release includes 2921 human proteins, 2871 reactions and 4167 literature citations. This curated dataset is integrated with a functional interaction network assembled computationally from non-curated sources of information including protein-protein interactions, gene co-expression, and gene ontology annotations, providing access. A new entity-level pathway viewer and improved search and data mining tools facilitate searching and visualizing pathway data and the analysis of user-supplied high-throughput data...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3200/version/1

Tumor necrosis factor and caspase in response to soluble or microparticle-incorporated drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Awadh Bihari Yadav; Amit Misra.
We compared the effects of microparticles (MP) containig anti-tubercular drugs and those of the drugs themselves on the host macrophage (M&amp;#x3a6;) response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Mtb). &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Mice infected intravenously with M. tb. were either administered rifampicin and isoniazid by oral gavage or through inhalation of biodegradable MP containing the two anti-tubercular drugs. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was perfomed to recover lung M&amp;#x3a6;, which were cultured and the supernatant analysed for TNF&amp;#x3b1; by ELISA. The murine M&amp;#x3a6; cell line J774 or the human monocyte line THP-1 differentiated with phorbol myristate were infected in vitro and treated with MP or soluble drugs. The kinetics of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1190/version/1

CD14 Modulates PI3K/AKT/p38-MAPK Licensing of Negative Regulators of TLR Signaling to Restrain Chronic Inflammation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bikash Sahay; Rebeca L. Patsey; Nicole Whatley; Sasmita Nayak; Christian H. Eggers; Justin D. Radolf; Timothy J. Sellati.
Current thinking emphasizes the primacy of CD14 in facilitating TLR recognition of microbes to initiate proinflammatory signaling events and the importance of p38-MAPK in augmenting such responses. Herein, this paradigm is challenged by demonstrating that recognition of _Borrelia burgdorferi_ not only triggers an inflammatory response in the absence of CD14, but one that is uncontrolled as a consequence of impaired PI3K/AKT/p38-MAPK signaling and negative regulation of TLR2. CD14 deficiency results in hyperphosphorylation of AKT and reduced activation of p38. Such aberrant signaling leads to decreased negative regulation by SOCS1, SOCS3, and CIS thereby engendering a more severe and persistent inflammatory response to _B. burgdorferi_. Perturbation of this...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2005/version/1

Mutations in the _SC4MOL_ gene encoding a novel methyl sterol oxidase cause autosomal recessive psoriasisiform dermatitis, microcephaly and developmental delay
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Miao He; Lisa Kratz; Jushua Michel; Abbe Vallejo; Laura Ferris; Richard Kelley; Jacqueline Hoover; Michael Gibson; Gerard Vockley.
Disorders of cholesterol biosynthesis have clinical manifestations involving skeleton, eyes, neurologic development, and skin. We describe a patient with congenital cataracts, developmental delay, microcephaly, and low serum cholesterol who developed severe psoriasiform dermatitis and arthralgias beginning at age 3. Her brain MRI indicatedminor gliosis. Quantitative sterol analysis of patient plasma and skin showed marked elevation of 4alpha-methyl- and 4, 4&amp;#x27;-dimethylsterols, indicating a deficiency in the first step of sterol C4 demethylation in cholesterol biosynthesis. Molecular studies showed mutations in _SC4MOL_, a gene predicted to encode a sterol C4 methyl oxidase. Thus, our patient has a previously undescribed inborn error of cholesterol...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2163/version/1

Immunogens and Antigen Processing: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: John Mascola; Richter C. King; Ralph  Steinman; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a meeting of a Working Group in July 2009 to discuss recent progress in rational design of the components of an HIV vaccine, such as inserts, vectors and adjuvants,and in understanding antigen processing and presentation to T and B cells. This Report summarizes the key points of that discussion, and subsequent discussions with the Chairs of the other Enterprise Working Groups, the Enterprise Science Committee, the Enterprise Council and the broader scientific community during open sessions at scientific conferences.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4796/version/1

Translational Oncogenomics and Human Cancer Interactome Networks
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
An overview of translational, human oncogenomics, transcriptomics and cancer interactomic networks is presented together with basic concepts and potential, new applications to Oncology and Integrative Cancer Biology. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of advanced technology, research findings and computational tools/models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. A self-contained presentation is adopted that covers both fundamental concepts and the most recent biomedical, as well as clinical, applications. Sample analyses in recent clinical studies have shown that gene expression data can be employed to distinguish between tumor types as well as to predict outcomes. Potentially important applications...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6190/version/2

Multi-scale network biology model &amp;#x26; the model library
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jianghui Xiong.
Multi-scale network biology model &amp;#x26; the model library
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5778/version/1

Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Injury in Chronic Multisymptom Conditions:  From Gulf War Illness to Autism Spectrum Disorder
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Beatrice A. Golomb.
Background: Overlapping chronic multisymptom illnesses (CMI) include Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivity, and Gulf War illness (GWI), and subsets of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). GWI entails a more circumscribed set of experiences that may provide insights of relevance to overlapping conditions.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Objectives: To consolidate evidence regarding a role for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction (OSMD), as primary mediators in CMI, using GWI as a departure point.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: Exposure relations, character, timecourse and multiplicity of symptoms, and objective correlates of GWI are compared to expectation for OSMD. Objective correlates of OSMD in GWI and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6847/version/1

Young and Early Career Investigators: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dan H. Barouch; Thumbi  Ndung&amp;#x2019;u; Galit  Alter; Timothy  Cardozo; Bhavna  Chohan; Jacques  Fellay; Nicole  Frahm; Jonathan Fuchs; Alasdair Leslie; Yong Liu; Penny  L. Moore; Raul  Rabadan.
The scientific challenges facing HIV-1 vaccine development are unprecedented in the history of vaccinology. As a result, investigators, funders, and other stakeholders generally agree that &amp;#x201c;game-changing&amp;#x201d; ideas are required. While innovation can certainly arise from investigators at all career stages, young and early-career investigators, defined as those under 40 years of age or within 10 years of their final degree or clinical training, are especially key contributors of novel and transformative ideas. Young and early-career investigators bring energy, enthusiasm, and fresh perspectives that are unbiased by prevailing dogma and that are essential to scientific progress.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4800/version/1

Quantitative Models for Efficient Cloning of Different Vectors with Various Clone sites
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gang Zhang; Anurag Tandon.
We developed an efficient &amp;#x22;Combinatorial Strategy&amp;#x201d; for cloning different vectors with various clone sites. 1) Using originally existed clone sites from circular vectors to prepare the inserts, and if no appropriate sites are available, performing SDM to create compatible sites, to achieve maximal correct digestion of the inserts. 2) Different vectors were digested with various restriction endonucleases, and then dephosphorylated with CIP. 3) Top10 competent cells were used for transformation to increase the transformant colonies. Our results showed that, when blunt sites, or a Xba I site was adopted for ligation, the percentages of positive clones were about 50%. Whereas, when different sites, including one blunt and another Pst I...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6965/version/1

HMGB1 release by C5a anaphylatoxin is an effective target for sepsis treatment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hidechika Okada; Noriko Okada; Masaki Imai; Alan Okada; Fumiko Ono.
Antibodies to C5a have proven to be effective in treating experimental septic primate models. A 17 amino acid peptide (ASGAPAPGPAGPLRPMF) named PepA binds to C5a and prevents complement-mediated lethal shock in rats. AcPepA harboring an acetyl group at the N-terminal alanine showed increased inhibitory activity against C5a. Cynomolgus monkeys destined to expire from a lethal dose of bacterial endotoxin (4mg/kg) were rescued by intravenous administration of AcPepA. AcPepA could have interfered with the ability of C5a to stimulate C5L2 which is responsible for HMGB1 release and stimulation of TLR4 as an endogeneous ligand with LPS behavior. The suppression of HMGB1 release by AcPepA administration to LPS-shock monkeys is likely responsible for rescuing the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5727/version/1

The Immune Response in Patients with SARS: differential gene expression profiling.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Peter Natesan Pushparaj; Jayapal J. Manikandan; Alirio Jose A. J. Melendez.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) emerged in 2003, as a new epidemic form of life-threatening infection. As of 26th September 2003, there were 8422 cases of SARS from 29 countries with 908 deaths (WHO). However, the pathogenesis of SARS is poorly understood. To understand the host response to this pathogen, we profiled the gene expression patterns of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from SARS patients compared to healthy controls using one of the latest techniques, high density oligonucleotide expression probe array (HG-Focus array, Gene Chip, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). High-density oligonucleotide microarray is a promising approach for high throughput analysis. It has been extensively&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;used in many areas of biomedical...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1145/version/1

VO: Vaccine Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yongqun He; Lindsay  Cowell; Alexander D. Diehl; Harry  Mobley; Bjoern Peters; Alan  Ruttenberg; Richard H. Scheuermann; Ryan  R. Brinkman; Melanie  Courtot; Chris  Mungall; Zuoshuang  Xiang; Fang Chen; Thomas Todd; Lesley  Colby; Howard  Rush; Trish  Whetzel; Mark A. Musen; Brian D. Athey; Gilbert  S. Omenn; Barry  Smith.
Vaccine research, as well as the development, testing, clinical trials, and commercial uses of vaccines involve complex processes with various biological data that include gene and protein expression, analysis of molecular and cellular interactions, study of tissue and whole body responses, and extensive epidemiological modeling. Although many data resources are available to meet different aspects of vaccine needs, it remains a challenge how we are to standardize vaccine annotation, integrate data about varied vaccine types and resources, and support advanced vaccine data analysis and inference. To address these problems, the community-based Vaccine Ontology (VO,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3552/version/1

Pregnancy Obstructs Involution Stage II of the Mammary Gland in Cows: General Biological Implications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nissim Silanikove; Gabriel Leitner; Ana-Maria Anug; Uzi  Merin.
*Background*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Repeated research findings over the last 4 decades show that involution of mammary glands in dairy cows did not regress to same extend as that noticed in other mammalian species.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Methodology/Principal Findings*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We took an advantage of a rare event in the normal modern dairy farming: A cow that was false-positively identified as being pregnant was &amp;#x22;dried up&amp;#x22; (i.e., induced into involution) conventionally about 60 before her expected parturition. This cow was culled, and samples of her mammary gland tissue were examined for gross histology. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that modern dairy cow may undergo extensive obliteration of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Immunology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/846/version/1

Hematopoietic Cell Types:  Prototype for a Revised Cell Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alexander D. Diehl; Alison D. Augustine; Judith A. Blake; Lindsay G. Cowell; Elizabeth S. Gold; Timothy A. Gondr&amp;#xe9;-Lewis; Anna Maria Masci; Terrence F. Meehan; Penelope A. Morel; Anastasia Nijnik; Bjoern Peters; Bali Pulendran; Richard H. Scheuermann; Q. Alison Yao; Martin S. Zand; Christopher J. Mungall.
The Cell Ontology (CL) aims for the representation of in vivo and in vitro cell types from all of biology.  Although the CL is a reference ontology of the OBO Foundry, it requires extensive revision to bring it up to current standards for biomedical ontologies, both in its structure and its coverage of various subfields of biology.  A recent workshop sponsored by NIAID on hematopoietic cell types in the CL addressed both issues.  The section of the ontology dealing with hematopoietic cells was extensively revised, and plans were set for structuring these cell type terms as cross-products with logical definitions built from relationships to external ontologies, such as the Protein Ontology and the Gene Ontology.  The methods and improvement to the CL in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3635/version/1

Extensive Viral mimicry of human proteins in AIDS, autoimmune disorders, late-onset and familial Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease and other genetic diseases
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher J. Carter.
Peptide stretches within HIV-1 proteins display homology to over 50 components from all compartments of the human immune defence network. The homologous peptides are in most cases immunogenic, suggesting that antibodies to HIV-1 proteins could mount an autoimmune attack against multiple components of the immune system itself. HIV-1 proteins are also homologous to autoantigens in Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, multiple sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, Pemphigus Vulgaris, Sjogrens syndrome and systemic Lupus Erythematosus, all of which have been associated with HIV-1 infection. This mimicry suggests that HIV-1/AIDS has a major autoimmune component and that HIV-1 antibodies could selectively target the immune system and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4582/version/1

Antibody responses to a Cryptosporidium parvum rCP15/60 vaccine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alexandra J. Burton; Daryl V. Nydam; Gary Jones; Jennifer Zambriski; Thomas C. Linden; Graham Cox; Randy Davis; Alicia Brown; Dwight D. Bowman.
Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic apicomplexa-protozoan pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and diarrhoea in mammals worldwide. The organism is transmitted by ingestion of oocysts, which are shed in faeces, and completes its lifecycle in a single host.^1^ C. parvum is ubiquitous on dairy operations worldwide and is one of the leading causes of diarrhoea in calves on these farms.^2,3^ Here, for the first time, we describe the antibody response in a large group of cows to a recombinant C. parvum oocyst surface protein (rCP15/60) vaccine and the antibody response in calves fed rCP15/60-immune colostrum produced by these vaccinated cows. Results of recent genotype surveys indicate that calves are the only major reservoir for C. parvum infections in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3988/version/1

Keratinocytes from human skin respond as typical immune cells after the stimulation with _Trichophyton rubrum_
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alfonso E. Islas-Rodr&amp;#xed;guez; Luz A. Garc&amp;#xed;a-Madrid.
_Trichophyton rubrum_ is the main agent causing dermatophytosis (1). Keratinocytes are&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;considered to be the first physical barrier of defense against pathogens (2). But not&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;only a physical barrier. They recognize antigens through Toll like receptors (TLR) (3).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The activation of this TLR, present on the surface of the keratinocytes, induce the&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;expression of different pro-inflammatory cytokines, co-stimulatory molecules and&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;antimicrobial peptides such as [beta]-defensins (4).&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The main objective of this work is to determine if lipopolysaccharides of G &amp;#x2013; bacteria&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;(LPS), lipotheichoic acid from G+ bacteria (LTA), and conidias,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/930/version/1

The Symmetrical Immune Network Theory and a New HIV Vaccine Concept
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Geoffrey  W. Hoffmann.
The symmetrical immune network theory is based on Jerne&amp;#x2019;s network hypothesis. An improved version of the theory is presented. The theory is characterized by symmetrical stimulatory, inhibitory and killing interactions between idiotypic and antiidiotypic immune system components. In this version killing is ascribed to IgM antibodies, while IgG antibodies are stimulatory. In the symmetrical immune network theory T cells make specific T cell factors, that have a single V region, and are cytophilic for non-specific accessory cells (A cells, including macrophages and monocytes) and play a role in the system switching between stable steady states. A recurring theme in the theory is the concept of co selection. Co-selection is the mutual positive...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4228/version/1

The &amp;#x27;consciousness&amp;#x27; of the living state: Extending the Baars global broadcast model across physiological subsystems
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
For the broad spectrum of cognitive biological phenomena having &amp;#x27;dual&amp;#x27; information sources, isolation from crosstalk between them requires more metabolic free energy than permitting correlation. This allows an evolutionary exaptation leading to dynamic global broadcasts at multiple scales, similar to the well-studied exaptation of noise to trigger stochastic resonance amplification in physiological systems. Entropy gradient models adapted from nonequilibrium thermodynamics lead to an index theorem in which analytic solutions of empirical equations describe different possible topological modes. Not only is the living state characterized by cognition at every scale and level of organization, but by multiple, shifting, tunable, cooperative...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6898/version/2

Role and immunomodulatory profile of histamine receptors by H1 and H2 antagonists
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trivendra Tripathi; Mohd. Shahid; Mashiatullah Siddiqui; Rahat Khan.
The present study was designed to delineate the immunomodulatory role of histamine receptors (H1- and H2-) on induction of antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), as well as the antibody generation profile, in rabbit system, systemically. The rabbits in two groups received pheniramine (H1-receptor antagonist) and ranitidine (H2-receptor antagonist), respectively, via intramuscular route and were immunized with SRBC intravenously to evaluate suppression or enhancement of antibody responses in sem. A third, control group, received vehicle and were immunized in a similar manner. Histamine released from effector cells (mast cells and basophils) _in vivo_ during inflammatory reactions could influence a detectable antibody response to SRBC as early as...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1547/version/1

Female Scent Signals Enhances Male Resistance to Influenza
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ekaterina A. Litvinova; Elena P. Goncharova; Alla M. Zaidman; Marina A. Zenkova; Mikhail P. Moshkin.
Scent of receptive females as signal to reproduction stimulate male mice to olfactory search of a potential breeding partner^1, 2^. This searching behavior is coupled with infection risk due to bacterial contamination of the fecal and urine scent marks^4^. The theoretical consideration of host evolution under inevitable parasitic pressures, including helminthes, bacteria, virus etc., predicts adaptations that help protect against parasites associated with breeding^7^. In this study, we propose that acceptation of female signals by male mice leads to adaptive redistribution of immune defense directed to protection against respiratory infection risks. Our results reveal migration of macrophages and neutrophils to upper airways upon exposure to female odor...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Immunology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3311/version/1

Data Management Plan for Monogram BioSciences
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christos J. Petropoulos.
This is the data plan for access to data underlying published reports by Monogram BioSciences.
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5668/version/1

Defective FoxP3+ Treg cell differentiation in the gut of Type 1 Diabetic patients
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ester Badami; Chiara Sorini; Margherita Coccia; Laura Molteni; Andrea Mario Bolla; Marina Scavini; Alberto Mariani; Emanuele Bosi; Marika Falcone.
Environmental factors that act at the intestinal level such as diet, drugs, and microflora have a high impact on the pathogenesis of autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), but it is still unclear how the gut milieu affects autoimmunity outside the intestine. Here we show that peripheral FoxP3+ Treg cell differentiation, a mechanism that takes place in the gut and is crucial to maintain systemic immune tolerance, is impaired in T1D patients. These results provide the first evidence that gut mucosa alteration could predispose to autoimmune T1D by affecting systemic immune regulation.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4417/version/1

Hematopoietic Cell Types:  Prototype for a Revised Cell Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alexander D. Diehl.
The Cell Ontology (CL) is an OBO Foundry candidate ontology intended for the representation of cell types from all of biology.  A recent workshop sponsored by NIAID on hematopoietic cell types in the CL addressed issues of both the content and structure of the CL.  The section of the ontology dealing with hematopoietic cells was extensively revised, and plans were made for restructuring these cell type terms as cross-products with logical definitions based on relationships to external ontologies, such as the Protein Ontology and the Gene Ontology.  The improvements to the CL in this area represent a paradigm for the future revision of the whole of the CL.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3543/version/1

Novel protein antigen (JHP940) from the genomic plasticity region of Helicobacter pylori induces TNF-alpha and Interleukin- 8 secretion by human macrophages
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Niyaz Ahmed; Ayesha Alvi; Mohammed Rizwan.
Plasticity region of the H. pylori genome comprises strain specific gene loci. We performed genotyping and functional biology of one such locus (jhp940) that was previously found to be functionally unknown but present in gastric cancer associated strains from many different countries. We found its geographic prevalence to be independent of cagA presence and disease status. Cloning, expression and purification of the JHP940 revealed a novel, ~36kDa protein in biologically active form. The same induced strong and significant levels of TNF-alpha and Interleukin-8 in human macrophages. Induction of these cytokines by JHP940 points to its putative role in chronic gastric inflammation and various other outcomes of H. pylori infection including gastric cancer.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/864/version/1

Microarray Analysis of PBMC after Plasmodium falciparum Infection: Molecular Insights into Disease Pathogenesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Chung(Wan-Jiung) Hu; Alan Scott; Nathan Wolfe; Sher Singh; Anne Jedlicka; August Louis Bourgeois.
Our laboratory&amp;#x2019;s previous microarray analysis of subjects with  Plasmodium falciparum revealed up-regulation of Toll-like receptor, NF-kB, TNF-&amp;#x3b1;, IFN-&amp;#x3b3;, IL-1&amp;#x3b2;, p38 MAPK, and MHC  molecules. We performed further time-course microarray analysis focusing on malaria pathogenesis by using peripheral leukocytes as a cellular model. We found up-regulation of coagulation-related genes (SERPINB2, thrombomodulin, thrombospondin), heat shock proteins, glycolytic enzymes, glucose transporters, and vacuolar H+-ATPases in acute febrile malaria. In early malaria, prior to detectable parasitemia, CD36 and ICAM1 were up-regulated. During acute malaria, a correlation was observed between IL-1&amp;#xdf; and  heat shock proteins,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5929/version/1

Nationwide Study of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Latinas
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michael Dean; Latoya Silverton; Julie Sawitzke.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among American women. Any woman can be affected by breast cancer, with risk for the disease increasing with age.  Risk for breast cancer is also exacerbated in women who have certain genetic alterations. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes predispose women to breast and ovarian cancer, and are increasingly recognized in prostate and pancreatic cancers (1-3).  In Caucasian and Asian ethnicities BRCA mutations are associated with basal-type/triple-negative disease. However this association between BRCA gene mutations and basal/triple-negative disease has been understudied in other ethnicities (4-6). The incidence and mortality of breast cancer of Hispanics and Native Americans are lower than other ethnicities;...
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5691/version/1

Differential Gene Expression of Human Mast cell Activation Reveals Gene profiles of Innate and Adaptive Immunity.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Reghunathan Renji; Peter Natesan Pushparaj; Alirio Jose Melendez.
High-density oligonucleotide microarray is a promising approach for high throughput analysis. It has been extensively used in many areas of biomedical research. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated allergic response (type-1 hypersensitivity) is one of the most powerful reactions of the immune system. Tissue Mast Cells (MCs) and circulating basophils are the major effector cells in these reactions. By dissecting the regulatory circuitry of mast cells by analyzing the genome wide effects of antigen stimulation triggered by Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI, offers a potential for finding novel genes as &amp;#x2018;targets&amp;#x2019; for therapeutic intervention. In this work, we tried to study the gene expression pattern in IgE sensitized and Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI cross linked cord...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1148/version/1

Proteins of the XMRV retrovirus implicated in chronic fatigue syndrome and prostate cancer are homologous to human proteins relevant to both diseases.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher Carter.
The XMRV retrovirus has been implicated in chronic fatigue syndrome and prostate cancer. A homology search comparing retroviral with human proteins revealed short contiguous amino acid strings (typically 5-8 aa) matching human proteins whose dysfunction might be expected to cause fatigue, including mitochondrial proteins related to oxidative phosphorylation, glutamate receptors and their synaptic scaffolds, muscular acetylcholine receptor scaffolds and structural proteins, components of the immune system, and phosphatidylinositol signalling inter alia. Viral proteins are also homologous to members of the oestrogen, peroxisome proliferator, and CREB activated receptor networks, all of which are implicated in prostate cancer, and to a protein, SRCAP, that...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Microbiology; Neuroscience.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4669/version/1

IMGT/Automat: the strategy for the annotation of human and mouse cDNA nucleotide sequences of IG and TR
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: G&amp;#xe9;raldine Folch; Joumana Jabado-Michaloud; Fatena Bellahcene; Laetitia Regnier; V&amp;#xe9;ronique Giudicelli; Marie-Paule Lefranc.
The cDNA sequences of immunoglobulins (IG) and T cell receptors (TR) represent more than one half of the sequences in the IMGT^&amp;#xae;^ nucleotide database IMGT/LIGM-DB^1^ and 75% of them are from human and mouse. A few cDNA are germline but the great majority results from a V-D-J or V-J gene rearrangement, spliced to a C gene. The IG and TR genes have been studied extensively in IMGT^&amp;#xae;^ (&amp;#x22;http://www.imgt.org&amp;#x22;:http://www.imgt.org) ^2^, which allowed to set up their nomenclature and the corresponding germline reference sequences. These standardized reference directory sets (one for each group of each locus) and the IMGT-ONTOLOGY axioms and derived concepts^3^ are the key elements indispensable to perform the annotation of IG...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3159/version/1

Identification of MHC Class II Binders/ Non-binders using Negative Selection Algorithm
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: S.S.  Soam; Feroz  Khan; Bharat  Bhasker; B. N.  Mishra.
The identification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-II restricted peptides is an important goal in human immunological research leading to peptide based vaccine design. These MHC class&amp;#x2013;II peptides are predominantly recognized by CD4+ T-helper cells, which when turned on, have profound immune regulatory effects. Thus, prediction of such MHC class-II binding peptides is very helpful towards epitope-based vaccine design. HLA-DR proteins were found to be associated with autoimmune diseases e.g. HLA-DRB1*0401 with rheumatoid arthritis. It is important for the treatment of autoimmune diseases to determine which peptides bind to MHC class II molecules. The experimental methods for identification of these peptides are both time consuming...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6608/version/1

Digital BioCuration: A Question of Balance
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James Ostell.
Curation of biomedical data has come to encompass a broad range of activities and considerations, which include the building of digital archives, making decisions on the relative value and longevity of one dataset vs another, editing data records manually, performing or assessing computational processes over very large sets of data, and grappling with issues of web usability and data standards. People who consider themselves biological curators may range from a single domain expert, who develops a collection which reflects their personal judgments and priorities, to groups of people supporting large, long term public resources such as GenBank, RefSeq, or PubMed, and everything in between. Finding the right balance between objective measures of quality and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3257/version/1

Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease is TH17 related autoimmune disease against misfolded beta amyloid
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Jiung(Wan-Chung) Hu.
Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder. However, its exact etiology is still unknown. There were several mechanisms proposed such as the tau hypothesis and amyloid hypothesis. However, there is evidence challenging the above two hypotheses. Here, I propose the immune-amyloid hypothesis as a mechanism for Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. Th17 related autoimmunity contributes to the disease pathogenesis. Accumulation of misfolded beta amyloid can trigger heat shock protein which in turn induces TH17 immunity. By microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, there is up-regulation of many TH17 related molecules after Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. After knowing the exact disease pathogenesis, we can develop new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5934/version/2

Bioinformatics analysis of homologies between pathogen antigens, autoantigens and the CFTR cystic fibrosis protein: A role for immunoadsorption therapy?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christopher Carter.
The cystic fibrosis CFTR chloride channel is involved in pathogen entry into epithelial cells, and provides the glutathione and hypochlorous acid necessary for bactericidal and viricidal actions. CFTR mutations block these effects, diminishing pathogen defence and allowing pathogen accumulation in the extracellular space, where antibody encounter is likely. The pathogen antigens observed in cystic fibrosis (including P. Aeruginosa, S.Aureus and S.Maltophilia proteins) are homologous to the autoantigens reported in cystic fibrosis and all are homologous to the CFTR protein itself. Antibodies to pathogens and autoantigens may also target the CFTR protein, acting as antagonists, further compromising its function. The tripartite relationship between pathogen...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5352/version/1

Evidence for gliadin antibodies as causative agents in schizophrenia.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chris J. Carter.
Antibodies to gliadin, a component of gluten, have frequently been reported in schizophrenia. Highly immunogenic B cell epitopes along its length are homologous to numerous proteins relevant to schizophrenia, including members of the DISC1 interactome, glutamate, dopamine and neuregulin signaling networks, and plasticity or myelination pathways. Antibodies to gliadin may cross react with these key proteins, as has already been observed with synapsin 1 and calreticulin. Gliadin may thus be a causative agent in schizophrenia, under certain genetic and immunological conditions, producing its effects via antibody mediated knockdown of multiple proteins relevant to the disease process. Because of such homology, an autoimmune response may be sustained by the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5351/version/1

Literature Triage and Indexing in the Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Randal P. Babiuk; Dale A. Begley; Susan M. Bello; Dirck W. Bradt; Donna L. Burkart; Howard Dene; Alexander D. Diehl; Harold J. Drabkin; Jacqueline H. Finger; Terry F. Hayamizu; David P. Hill; Michelle Knowlton; Debra M. Krupke; Ira Lu; Lois J. Maltais; Monica McAndrews-Hill; Terrence F. Meehan; Li Ni; Hiroaki Onda; Dmitry Sitnikov; Constance M. Smith; Cynthia L. Smith; Monika Tomczuk.
The Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI; &amp;#x22;http://www.informatics.jax.org&amp;#x22;:http://www.informatics.jax.org) group is comprised of several collaborating projects including the Mouse Genome Database (MGD) Project, the Gene Expression Database (GXD) Project, the Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB) Database Project, and the Gene Ontology (GO) Project. Literature identification and collection is performed cooperatively amongst the groups.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In recent years many institutional libraries have transitioned from a focus largely on print holdings to one of electronic access to journals. This change has necessitated adaptation on the part of the MGI curatorial group. Whereas the majority of journals covered by the group used to be...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3246/version/1

Immunogenic Modulations Induced by Prospective Anti-Malarial Herbal Extracts in Murine Model
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sudipta Chakraborty; Swapna Chhetri; Sajal Ray; Shyamal Das Gupta; Suman Mukherjee; Niladri Sekhar Bhunia; Manoj Das; Sanat Biswas; Sreemayee Sarkar; Guruprasad Mandal; Dipankar Singha; Chinmoy Karjee.
Keeping in view the ever increasing problem of drug resistance and affordability of the antimalarial drugs by the poor mass, herbal medicines can become an important and alternative sustainable strategy for malaria treatment. Aqueous extracts of three Himalayan herbs&amp;#x2015; _Equisetum ravense_, _Artemisia vulgaris_ and _Centella asiatica_, with reported antimalarial property were screened for clinical efficacy against a local strain of _Plasmodium vivax_ antigen in murine model. _E. arvense_ extract was consistent in boosting phagocytic activity, nitric oxide generation, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the peritoneal macrophages. The effectiveness of the rest herbals was discrete. A need for further detailed investigation to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4157/version/1

Kinase independent inhibition of NF&amp;#x3ba;B transcriptional activity by GRK5 through I&amp;#x3ba;B&amp;#x3b1; stabilization.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniela  Sorriento; Michele  Ciccarelli; Gaetano  Santulli; Alfonso  Campanile; Giovanna Giuseppina  Altobelli; Vincenzo  Cimini; Gennaro Galasso; Dalila  Astone; Federico Piscione; Lucio Pastore; Bruno Trimarco; Guido  Iaccarino.
Members of the G protein receptor kinase (GRK) family that regulates receptor desensitization and members of the nuclear transcription factors family NF[kappa]B have been recently and convincingly demonstrated to interact, although the effects on transcription and gene expression have not yet been described. Using overexpression, knockdown (small interfering RNA) and mutagenesis experiments, we demonstrate that GRK5 couples to and stabilizes the NF[kappa]B inhibitor I[kappa]B[alpha], and inhibits NF[kappa]B activity. Studies with minigenes suggest that the N-terminal Regulation of G protein Signaling (RGS) homology (RH) domain confers GRK5 such ability. GRK5-RH domain overexpression affects NF[kappa]B dependent phenotypes, such as apoptosis protection,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1196/version/1

Rescue with an anti-inflammatory peptide of chickens infected H5N1 avian flu
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Masaki M. Imai; Alan A. Okada; Hidechika H. Okada; Ekowati E. Handharyani; Yasuhiro Tsukamoto; Kazuhide K. Adachi; Noriko N. Okada; Retno Damajanti R. D. Soejoedono.
Chickens suffering from avian flu caused by H5N1 influenza virus are destined to die within 2 days due to a systemic inflammatory response. Since HVJ infection (1,2) and influenza virus infection (3,4) cause infected cells to activate homologous serum complement, the systemic inflammatory response elicited could be attributed to the unlimited generation of C5a anaphylatoxin of the complement system, which is a causative peptide of serious inflammation. In monkeys inoculated with a lethal dose of LPS (4 mg/kg body weight), inhibition of C5a by an inhibitory peptide termed AcPepA (5) rescued these animals from serious septic shock which would have resulted in death within a day (6). Therefore, we tested whether AcPepA could also have a beneficial effect on...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3425/version/1

Overexpression of the leukotriene C4 synthase gene in mice reproduces human aspirin-induced asthma
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hirokuni Hirata; Kyoko Honda; Yasutsugu Fukushima; Masafumi Arima; Takeshi Tokuhisa; Takeshi Fukuda.
The pathogenesis of aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) is presumed to involve the aspirin /non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced abnormal metabolism of arachidonic acid, resulting in an increase in 5-lopoxygenase (5-LO) metabolites, particularly leukotriene C4 (LTC4)&amp;#x3000;which is a highly potent bronchial constrictor. However, the role of LTC4 in the development of AIA has yet to be conclusively demonstrated. To elucidate the effect of LTC4 on the development of AIA, we generated LTC4 synthase (Ltc4s) gene transgenic (LTC4S-Tg) mice. In contrast to wild-type (WT) mice, LTC4S-Tg mice displayed NSAID-induced airway obstruction that was associated with increases of LTC4 and Th2 cytokines in lung tissue. This is the first study to demonstrate...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4751/version/1

Integration of the scientific literature into the Semantic Web: Facts from biomedical data resources
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dietrich Rebholz; Samuel Croset; Christoph Grabmueller.
Scientific literature is the primary resource for relevant and innovative information. The integration of the literature with other data resources in the biomedical research community generates overhead that can be avoided through the used of Semantic Web Technology generating openly accessible data. Projects such as SESL and CALBC have producted significant amount of data that that are ready for exploitation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The tutorial will teach different approaches on how to integrate the scientific literature with the content from biomedical databases, and will discuss the inferences that can be achieved. Furthermore, the tutorial will point to the resources that are ready for use and enable integration of the literature at your discretion. A good...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7011/version/1

Hematopoietic Cell Types:  Prototype for a Revised Cell Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alexander D. Diehl; Alison D. Augustine; Judith A. Blake; Lindsay G. Cowell; Elizabeth S. Gold; Timothy A. Gondr&amp;#xe9;-Lewis; Anna Maria Masci; Terrence F. Meehan; Penelope A. Morel; Anastasia Nijnik; Bjoern Peters; Bali Pulendran; Richard H. Scheuermann; Q. Alison Yao; Martin S. Zand; Christopher J. Mungall.
The Cell Ontology (CL) is an OBO Foundry candidate ontology intended for the representation of cell types from all of biology.  A recent workshop sponsored by NIAID on hematopoietic cell types in the CL addressed issues of both the content and structure of the CL.  The section of the ontology dealing with hematopoietic cells was extensively revised, and plans were made for restructuring these cell type terms as cross-products with logical definitions based on relationships to external ontologies, such as the Protein Ontology and the Gene Ontology.  The improvements to the CL in this area represent a paradigm for the future revision of the whole of the CL.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3543/version/2

New methods for analyzing serological data with applications to influenza surveillance
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wilfred Ndifon.
Two important challenges to the use of serological assays for influenza surveillance include the substantial amount of experimental effort involved, and the inherent noisiness of serological data. Here, informed by the observation that log-transformed serological data (obtained from the hemagglutination-inhibition assay) exist in an effectively one-dimensional space, computational methods are developed for accurately and efficiently recovering unmeasured serological data from a sample of measured data, and systematically minimizing noise found in the measured data. Careful application of these methods would enable the collection of better-quality serological data on a greater number of circulating influenza viruses than is currently possible, and improve...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3820/version/1

Immunogenetic sequence annotation based on IMGT-ONTOLOGY
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Joumana  Jabado-Michaloud; G&amp;#xe9;raldine Folch; Fatena Bellahcene; Fran&amp;#xe7;ois Ehrenmann; Patrice Duroux; V&amp;#xe9;ronique Giudicelli; Marie-Paule Lefranc.
IMGT/LIGM-DB^1^ is the first and the largest IMGT^&amp;#xae;^ database^2^ in which are managed, analysed and annotated more than 136,000 immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) nucleotide sequences from human and 235 other vertebrate species (April 2009). The expert annotation of these sequences and the added standardized knowledge are based on IMGT-ONTOLOGY, the first ontology developed in the field of immunogenetics and immunoinformatics.^3^ The annotation of immunogenetic sequences requires important expertise, owing to the unusual structure (non-classical exon/intron structure) of the IG and TR genes and characteristic chain synthesis owing to DNA V-J and V-D-J rearrangements. The way to annotate these sequences depends on the molecular type...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3165/version/1

Protection from avian influenza H5N1 virus infection with antibody-impregnated filters
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yoichiro Kamiyama; Kazuhide Adachi; Ekowati Handharyani; Retno Damajanti Soejoedono; Takayuki Kusano; Marie Inai; Masaya Tsukamoto; Seizaburo Kashiwagi; Yasuhiro Tsukamoto.
There is worldwide concern over the possibility of a new influenza pandemic originating from the highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses. We herein demonstrate that functional air filters impregnated with ostrich antibodies against the hemagglutinin of the H5N1 virus protect chickens from death by H5N1 transmission. These results suggest that the use of ostrich antibody-impregnated filters might be a powerful way to prevent the transmission of H5N1.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4548/version/1

Novel approaches, including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bali  Pulendran; Rino Rappuoli; Alan Aderem; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a two-day workshop on August 10-11 2009, at the Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center offices in Seattle, WA, to discuss the application of novel approaches,including systems biology, to HIV vaccine research and development. The goals of this Working Group were to identify key scientific issues and opportunities that have emerged since the Enterprise Scientific Strategic Plan1 was published in 2005, and to make recommendations to Enterprise stakeholders.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4798/version/1

Pathogenetic role of tissue factor in graft-versus-host disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Li Quan; Li Weiming; Zhang Jian; Zou Ping.
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the mechanism of it is still not elucidated. Recent findings suggest that host endothelial cells are a target of alloreactive donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes in GVHD and tissue factor (TF) plays an important role not only in coagulation-inflammation cycle, but also in transplant immunology. We postulate TF expression in vascular endothelial cells(VEC) may play an pivotal role in the pathogenesis of GVHD. TF gene andprotein expression in target organs of GVHD in aGVHD mice was significantly elevated compared to that of controls as determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Allogeneic CD4^+^T cell and CD8^+^T cells enhanced TF, VCAM-1, TNF-[alpha],...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2248/version/1

Genome activity profiling of monomeric-IgE and Fc-epsilon-RI-aggregation on human mast cells reveals a complex network of genes involved in inflammatory responses.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Alirio Jose P. N. Melendez; Peter Natesan A. J. Pushparaj.
Mast cell activation, mediates type-1 allergic responses, one of the most powerful reactions of the immune system. However, mast cells activation is becoming increasingly linked to inflammatory, autoimmunity, and to adaptive immunity by regulating T-cell activation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Here we analyzed the gene expression pattern in IgE-sensitized and Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI aggregation on human mast cells. Our data revealed coordinated changes in gene expression. We observed increased expression of gene-transcripts involved in allergic, innate and adaptive&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;immune responses. Among the most prominent findings is the increased expression of transcripts encoding for MIP3a, SPARCL1, AREG, IL18, CCL1, TNFRSF9, IL1b, CX3CR1, PTGER3, MIF, MMP12, ADORA3,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1150/version/1

A Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for  Composition Improvements-  (v.4)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Valentin  Prisecaru; I. C. Baianu.
Amino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions.  Conventional &amp;#x201c;wet chemistry&amp;#x201d; analytical methods are time-consuming and costly.  As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry.  Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6231/version/4

Immunogens and Antigen Processing: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: John Mascola; Richter C. King; Ralph  Steinman; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise convened a meeting of a Working Group in July 2009 to discuss recent progress in rational design of the components of an HIV vaccine, such as inserts, vectors and adjuvants,and in understanding antigen processing and presentation to T and B cells. This Report summarizes the key points of that discussion, and subsequent discussions with the Chairs of the other Enterprise Working Groups, the Enterprise Science Committee, the Enterprise Council and the broader scientific community during open sessions at scientific conferences.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4796/version/2

Bridging the Gaps between Fundamental, Preclinical and Clinical Research: Report from a Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise Working Group
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lawrence  Corey; Brigitte  Autran; Louis  Picker; the Working Group convened by the Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise.
The Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise (the Enterprise) convened a two-day workshop on 17-18 September 2009, at the Enterprise offices in New York; to discuss approaches to bridging the gaps between fundamental,preclinical and clinical HIV vaccine research. The topic of this Working Group originated from discussions of the Enterprise Science Committee,which proposed that more effective collaboration between these three areas of HIV vaccine research is needed in order to accelerate the pace of scientific progress in the field. Because the meeting took place before the release of the RV144 trial results held in Thailand, the conclusions reached during the meeting were further discussed during consultations at scientific conferences and at a joint meeting of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4799/version/2

Immunogenicity of human spermatozoa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jhinuk Chatterjee.
Investigation and experimental design of the study was basically aimed at developing insight into the antigenicity of spermatozoa-associated proteins. Apart from studying the natural antigenicity of washed whole spermatozoa, their immunogenicity was also demonstrated _in vitro_. The whole live spermatozoa were immobilized and agglutinated _in vitro_ by the antibodies they induced in the laboratory model - a female rabbit. A regular immunization routine induced a high titre of antisperm polyclonal antibodies. To prepare a spermatozoa specific antigen which will not produce a cross-reacting antibody against other human tissues, only the motile and live spermatozoa were selected for antigen preparation. In investigation the laboratory-bred female rabbits were...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1855/version/1

Simulations of Antigenic Variability in Influenza A
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nuno Fachada; Vitor V. Lopes; Agostinho C. Rosa.
Computational models of the immune system (IS) and pathogenic agents have several applications, such as theory testing and validation, or as a complement to first stages of drug trials. One possible application is the prediction of the lethality of new Influenza A strains, which are constantly created due to antigenic drift and shift. Here, we present several simulations of antigenic variability in Influenza A using an agent-based approach, where low level molecular antigen-antibody interactions are explicitly described. Antigenic drift and shift events are analyzed regarding the virulence of emergent strains against the IS. Results are discussed from a qualitative point of view taking into account recent and generally recognized immunology and influenza...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2303/version/1

Herd Immunity/Herd Infection: Cultural Artifacts of Marginalization and the Dynamics of AIDS
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
We examine conditions under which high prevalence of infectious disease can become endemic within a community, in effect constituting a state of &amp;#x27;herd infection&amp;#x27; inverse to epidemiological herd immunity. For something like AIDS, under such circumstances, a single behavioral lapse or adverse accident will probably be a death sentence.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5864/version/1

Clonal origin of Epstein-Barr virus-infected T/NK-cell subpopulations in chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Shouichi Ohga; Masataka Ishimura; Goichi Toshimoto; Toshihiro Miyamoto; Hidetoshi Takada; Tamami Tanaka; Koichi  Ohshima; Ken-Ichi Imadome; Yasunobu Abe; Koichi Akashi; Toshiro Hara.
Clonal expansion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infected B-cells occasionally occurs in immunocompromized subjects. EBV-infected T/natural killer (NK)-cells proliferate in patients with chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) that is a rare mononucleosis syndrome. It is classified into either T-cell type or NK-cell type according to the primary target of infection, while the pathogenesis remains unclear. To search the clonal origin of EBV-infected T/NK-cells, virus distribution and clonotype were assessed by using highly purified cell fractions obtained from 6 patients. Patient 1 had a monoclonal proliferation of EBV-infected T-cell receptor V&amp;#x3b4;2/V&amp;#x3b3;9-expressing cells, and carried lower copy number of EBV in &amp;#x3b1;&amp;#x3b2;T-cells....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4238/version/1

A new outlook towards kidney injuries
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mahesh Satwekar; Abhijeet Satwekar.
Acute and chronic progression of injury to the kidney leads to the failure of the renal system and has become an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality. Present diagnosis detects the condition only after irreversible loss of 70 percent of kidney function. Current research is focused only on the clinical manifestations after the kidney injuries and not towards the exact cause of the condition. Here we propose a new outlook- that there is an involvement of a pathogen in the pathogenesis of kidney injuries. Basis for our proposal is given by the similarity of the pathogenesis events occurring between a classical example of hepatitis and kidney injuries. Furthermore, literature regarding the role of early kidney injury biomarkers in innate...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7021/version/1

Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease is TH17 related autoimmune disease against misfolded beta amyloid
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Jiung(Wan-Chung) Hu.
Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder. However, its exact etiology is still unknown. There were several mechanisms proposed such as the tau hypothesis and amyloid hypothesis. However, there is evidence challenging the above two hypotheses. Here, I propose the immune-amyloid hypothesis as a mechanism for Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. Th17 related autoimmunity contributes to the disease pathogenesis. Accumulation of misfolded beta amyloid can trigger heat shock protein which in turn induces TH17 immunity. By microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, there is up-regulation of many TH17 related molecules after Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. After knowing the exact disease pathogenesis, we can develop new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5934/version/3

Determination of Isoflavone Contents for Selected Soybean Lines and Soy Foods by  Fourier Transform Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng You; Randall L. Nelson.
Soybean isoflavones are of considerable interest in relation to their possible health effects in human diets. Rapid and economical determination of soybean isoflavone contents is essential for breeding and selection of soybean seeds with optimal isoflavone levels for food applications. Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-NIR) calibrations were developed for rapid and reliable analysis of soybean isoflavone content. Our isoflavone calibrations are characterized by low standard errors (&amp;#x3c;0.02%) and high degrees of correlation (&amp;#x3e;99%).
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6194/version/1

T Cell Receptor Gamma and Delta Gene Rearrangements in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in South India and Quantitation of Minimal Residual Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sudhakar Natarajan; Nirmala K. Nancy; Rajalekshmy Kamalalayam; Rajkumar Thangarajan.
Background: T cell-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) arises by clonal proliferation of lymphoid precursors arrested at particular stage of differentiation. The incidence of T-ALL in India is 37-43% of ALL. In this study, TCR gamma (TCRG) and TCR delta (TCRD) gene rearrangements were detected in diagnostic samples of ALL. Those clonal rearrangements detected at diagnosis are used as clonal markers for the quantitation of minimal residual disease (MRD) in follow up samples. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Patients and Methods: BM/PB from 54 T-ALL patients (34 pediatrics and 20 adults) at diagnosis, treated by MCP 841 protocol were studied. Median age of the patients was 13. The frequency of clonal TCRG and TCRD gene rearrangements were studied by...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5274/version/1

Distinct cytokine patterns in Occult Hepatitis C and Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nasser Mousa; Nashwa Abousamra; Azza Azza Abdel-Aziz; Yahia Gad; Mona Elhadidy; Mohamed Abd-elmaksoud.
Background &amp;#x26; Aim: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a matter of great controversy. The imbalance of T-helper lymphocyte cell cytokine production was believed to play an important pathogenic role in chronic viral hepatitis. Occult hepatitis C infection is regarded as a new entity that should be considered when diagnosing patients with a liver disease of unknown origin. The aim of this study was to determine serum T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 cytokine production in patients with occult HCV infection and its role in pathogenesis versus chronic viral hepatitis C infection.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Serum levels of cytokines of T-helper 1 (IL-2, IFN-[gamma]) and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6654/version/1

A Critical Evaluation of Clinical Trials in Cancer and Pharmacogenomics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
A critical overview of recent clinical trials in cancer is presented focused on signaling pathways blockers or inhibitors with a view to developing successful clinical trials employing personalized cancer therapies. Rational, pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer trials should be adopted that include specific molecular targeting based on adequate data for, and detailed modeling of, cancer cell genomes, modifications of cancer signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of highly sensitive and specific advanced technology, research findings and computational tools and complex models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. Multiple sample analyses from several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7052/version/1

The Inhibitory Fc[gamma] Receptor is Unnecessary for IVIG Efficacy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Danila Leontyev; Yulia Katsman; Xue-Zhong Ma; Donald R. Branch.
Intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG) is used as an effective therapy for many different autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The current paradigm for the mechanism underpinning anti-inflammatory effects links IVIG administration to increased expression and activity of the inhibitory Fc[gamma] receptor (Fc[gamma]RIIB) on splenic macrophages. This hypothesis has been disputed in the literature. Here we show that IVIG administered in the context of passive antibody-mediated thrombocytopenia to be therapeutically efficacious in both splenectomized and unmanipulated Balb/c mice despite no upregulation of Fc[gamma]RIIB mRNA in the spleen. Moreover, IVIG effectively ameliorated immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in Fc[gamma]RIIB-deficient Balb/c mice, but not in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4635/version/1

Cellular delivery of antibodies: effective targeted subcellular imaging and new therapeutic tool
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marzia  Massignani; Irene Canton; Nisa Patikarnmonthon; Nicholas J. Warren; Steven P. Armes; Andrew L. Lewis; Giuseppe Battaglia.
It is already more than a century since the pioneering work of the Nobel Laureate Ehrlich gave birth to the side chain theory1, which helped to define antibodies and their ability to target specific biological sites. However, the use of antibodies is still restricted to the extracellular space due to the lack of a suitable delivery vehicle for the efficient transport of antibodies into live cells without inducing toxicity. In this work, we report the efficient encapsulation and delivery of antibodies into live cells with no significant loss of cell viability or any deleterious affect on the cell metabolic activity. This delivery system is based on poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine)-block-(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate), (PMPC-PDPA),...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4427/version/1

Immunogenicity of human spermatozoa
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jhinuk Chatterjee; Sukumar Chattopadhyay.
Investigation and experimental design of the study was basically aimed at developing insight into the antigenicity of spermatozoa-associated proteins. Apart from studying the natural antigenicity of washed whole spermatozoa, their immunogenicity was also demonstrated _in vitro_. The whole live spermatozoa were immobilized and agglutinated _in vitro_ by the antibodies they induced in the laboratory model - a female rabbit. A regular immunization routine induced a high titre of antisperm polyclonal antibodies. To prepare a spermatozoa specific antigen which will not produce a cross-reacting antibody against other human tissues, only the motile and live spermatozoa were selected for antigen preparation. In investigation the laboratory-bred female rabbits were...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1855/version/2

Neural Networks, Cell Genome and Interactome Nonlinear Dynamic Models
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Operational logic and bioinformatics models of nonlinear dynamics in complex functional systems such as neural networks, genomes and cell interactomes are proposed. &amp;#x141;ukasiewicz Algebraic Logic models of genetic networks and signaling pathways in cells are formulated in terms of nonlinear dynamic systems with n-state components that allow for the generalization of previous logical models of both genetic activities and neural networks. An algebraic formulation of variable &amp;#x27;next-state functions&amp;#x27; is extended to a &amp;#x141;ukasiewicz Topos with an n-valued &amp;#x141;ukasiewicz Algebraic Logic subobject classifier description that represents non-random and nonlinear network activities as well as their transformations in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6206/version/1

Beyond the fuzzy lock-and-key: spontaneous symmetry shifts and glycan/lectin logic gates
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Changes in the molecular topology of glycan/lectin interaction may explain observed reaction punctuation driven by experimental gradients in reactant concentration. Adoption of a &amp;#x27;biological renormalization&amp;#x27; perspective from statistical physics for the analysis of such phase transitions suggests, in marked contrast to conventional physical systems, a broad spectrum of possible universality class behaviors. This spectrum may, in typical perverse biological manner, be of central scientific interest. Generalization, via formalism abducted from coevolutionary theory, suggests that glycan/lectin molecular switches instantiate logic gates that may be as sophisticated as those characterizing basic neural process, if on a different scale.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6849/version/1

Aggregation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in a Human H5N1 Clade 2.2 Hemagglutinin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Henry L. Niman; Magdi D. Saad; Jeffery Tjaden; Kenneth C. Earhart; Marshall R. Monteville; Mona M. Aly; Moustafa M. Mansour; Nasr El-Sayed; Ahmed E. Nayel; Ahmed S. Abdelghani; Hala M. Esmat; Emad M. Labib; Ehab A. Ayoub; Abdelattar Arafa; Gregory A. Raczniak; Mensah Agyen-Frempong; William K. Ampofo; Bruce R. Boynton.
The evolution of H5N1 has attracted significant interest 1-4 due to linkages with avian 5,6 and human infections 7,8.  The basic tenets of influenza genetics 9 attribute genetic drift to replication errors caused by a polymerase complex that lacks a proof reading function.  However, recent analysis 10 of swine influenza genes identifies regions copied with absolute fidelity for more than 25 years.  In addition, polymorphism tracing of clade 2.2 H5N1 single nucleotide polymorphisms identify concurrent acquisition 11 of the same polymorphism onto multiple genetic backgrounds in widely dispersed geographical locations.  Here we show the aggregation of regional clade 2.2 polymorphisms from Germany, Egypt, and sub-Sahara Africa onto a human Nigerian H5N1...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/743/version/1

Marked Rise in Replikin Counts in H5N1 Influenza Virus Localized to Lethality Gene p B1.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Abstract: Virus outbreaks have been found to be related to the concentration of a new class of genomic peptides, Replikins^1^. The eight genes of H5N1 influenza virus were analyzed for the distribution of Replikin Counts (number Replikins /100 amino acids) in 2,441 sequences from birds and humans. An increase (p&amp;#x3c;0.001) occurred from 2004 to August 2011 in one gene, pB1.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6420/version/1

Evaluation of HIV infected Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kumaresan Nallasamy.
In this paper, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected cells is found out using a Simulink model. The Simulink solution is equivalent or very close to the exact solution of the problem. Accuracy of the Simulink solution to this problem is better than the existing numerical methods. The main advantage of Simulink model is that solution of any dynamicalproblem can be obtained by anybody without writing any codes. Anillustrative numerical example is presented for the proposed method.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4961/version/1

Donor mesenchymal stem cells trigger chronic graft-versus-host disease following minor antigen-mismatched bone marrow transplantation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yoko Ogawa; Satoru Morikawa; Hideyuki Okano; Yo Mabuchi; Sadafumi Suzuki; Tomonori Yaguchi; Saori Yaguchi; Takaaki Inaba; Shinichiro Okamoto; Yutaka Kawakami; Kazuo Tsubota; Shigeto Shimmura; Yumi Matsuzaki.
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a complication after minor antigen mismatched bone marrow transplantation (BMT) characterized by an autoimmune-type reaction in various organs. Aberration in T cell regulation is involved, with donor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) playing a possible role in immunomodulation. In a minor-antigen mismatched mouse BMT model, transplantation of mismatched, but not syngeneic MSCs triggered the onset of cGVHD, and was associated with fibrosis, increased IL-6 secretion, decreased Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and increased Th17 in the peripheral blood. Mismatched MSCs alone were sufficient to induce cGVHD, while removal of donor MSCs rescued mice from cGVHD. RAG2 knockout recipient mice did not suffer cGVHD, indicating that...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6843/version/1

Genome Replikin Count Predicts Increased Lethality of Cancer
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Bogoch; Elenore S. Bogoch.
Those cancers, like thyroid and pancreatic cancer, with the lowest 5-year mortality rates, have Replikin Counts of about 20; lung and brain cancers, with the highest 5-year mortality rates, have Replikin Counts of 275 and 325 respectively; the others fall in between with approximate linearity. This is the first quantitative relationship of a genomic structure, Replikins, to 5-year mortality rates.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7143/version/1

Estimation of oxidative status in lymphocytes of type2 diabetes mellitus patients
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Awadhesh K Arya; Kamlakar Tripathi.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders which opens the door for many diseases leading to various complications like neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with elevated level of oxidative stress, which is one of the most important factors responsible for the development of chronic complications of this disease. Antioxidants like reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase protects cells against oxidative damage.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Purpose: Our present study suggests that hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress leads to various complications in T2DM patients. Here we investigated oxidative stress markers in lymphocytes of healthy control and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5975/version/1

Complex Systems Analysis of Cell Cycling Models in Carcinogenesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
A new approach to the modular, complex systems analysis of nonlinear dynamics in cell cycling network transformations involved in carcinogenesis is proposed. Carcinogenesis is a complex process that involves dynamically inter-connected biomolecules in the intercellular, membrane, cytosolic, nuclear and nucleolar compartments that form numerous inter-related pathways referred to as networks.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The variable biotopology of such dynamic networks is highly complex, and has a number of interesting properties that can be formally characterized at one level of organization by mathematical structures called &amp;#x27;biogroupoids&amp;#x27;. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;One such family of pathways contains the cell cyclins. Cyclins are proteins that link several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6205/version/1

Angiogenesis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alessandro Matarese; Gaetano Santulli.
Angiogenesis is a crucial component of lung pathophysiology, not only in cancer but also in other disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In COPD angiogenesis is definitely able to control and orchestrate the progression of airway remodeling. Herein, we provide several remarkable translational aspects of angiogenesis in COPD, exploring both basic and clinical research in this field. Indeed, we present a number of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, which can be also used as potential biomarkers to monitor disease progression. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;This pre-print has subsequently been published at http://www.unisa.it/uploads/7100/06.pdf
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7112/version/1

High-Throughput Transcriptome Profiling Of Human Mesenchymal Stem  Cells Reveals A Role For Wnt/GSK-3 Signaling In Their Hypoimmunomodulation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gurudutta Gangenahalli; Neeraj Satija; Farhat Afrin; Rajender Prasad Tripathi.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are gaining importance among clinicians following recent demonstration of safe allogeneic transplantation due to their ability to modulate the immune response. However,the molecular machinery regulating the expression of immunomodulatory factors in MSCs is unknown. We, therefore, inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3),a Wnt signaling inhibitor, to elucidate the role of Wnt signaling in mediating immunoregulatory effects of human MSCs using gene expression profiling. Our results highlight enhanced ability of GSK-3 inhibitor (lithium) treated MSCs to evade immune response as a result of decreased expression of immune stimulatory cytokines and chemokines.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5512/version/1

Circulating Neutrophils from Trauma Patients Induce Apoptosis Through Dephosphorylation of Epithelial Cell Caspase-8
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Songhui Jia; Jean Parodo; Emmanuel Battisti-Charbonney; Jennifer Tsang; Sangyang Jia; Ori D. Rotstein; Andras Kapus; John C. Marshall.
Activated neutrophils can cause oxidant-mediated bystander injury to host cells. This injury has previously been ascribed to the direct effects of oxidants on membrane phospholipids. We show here that oxidants released by neutrophils activated in vivo in survivors of multiple trauma or in vitro by exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can also promote the apoptotic death of epithelial cells, through the SHP-1-mediated dephosphorylation of epithelial cell caspase-8. Neutrophils from a cohort of patients who sustained serious injury induced the apoptotic death of cultured epithelial cells in a manner that was dependent on the activity of the NADPH oxidase and the generation of neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen intermediates. Caspase-8 is...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6393/version/1

Novel network pharmacology methods for drug mechanism of action identification, pre-clinical drug screening and drug repositioning
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jianghui Xiong.
The high rates of failure in oncology drug clinical trials highlight the problems of using pre-clinical data to predict the clinical effects of drugs. Here we present two methodology innovations on network pharmacology modeling. (1) We hypothesize that the gene network associated with cancer outcome in heterogeneous patient populations could serve as a reference for identifying drug effects. We proposed a novel in vivo genetic interaction between genes as &amp;#x2018;synergistic outcome determination&amp;#x2019;, in a similar way to &amp;#x2018;synthetic lethality&amp;#x2019;. We scanned above genetic interactions based on microarray profiling for cancer prognosis, and identified a cluster of important yet epigenetically regulated gene modules. By...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6455/version/1

Charting the NF-kB pathway interactome map
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Paolo Tieri; Alberto Termanini; Elena Bellavista; Stefano Salvioli; Claudio Franceschi.
One of the phenomena observed in human aging is the progressive increase of a systemic inflammatory state, a condition referred to as &amp;#x201c;inflammaging&amp;#x201d;, negatively correlated with longevity. The five components of the Nuclear Factor kB (NF-kB) family are prominent mediators of inflammation. Several different signaling pathways activated by very diverse stimuli converge on NF-kB, resulting in a regulatory system characterized by high complexity. It is increasingly recognized that the number of components that impinges upon phenotypic outcomes of signal transduction pathways may be higher than those taken into consideration from canonical pathway representations. Scope of this analysis is to provide a wider, systemic picture of such...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5266/version/1

Immunity to self co-generates regulatory T cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: James A. Dromey; Bo Han Lee; Helen E. Young; Stuart I. Mannering; Kent P. Jensen; Daniel J. Thearle; Spiros Fourlanos; Larissa Belov; Leonard C. Harrison.
Immune responses to self are kept in check by tolerance mechanisms, including suppression by regulatory T cells (Tregs). The defective generation of Tregs specific for self-antigens may lead to autoimmune disease. We identified a novel population of human CD4^+^ Tregs, characterized by high surface expression of CD52, which is co-generated in response to autoantigen. Blood CD4^+^CD52^hi^ T cells were generated preferentially in response to low-dose autoantigen and suppressed proliferation and interferon-[gamma] production by other T cells. Depletion of resting CD4^+^CD52^hi^ T cells enhanced the T-cell response to autoantigen. CD4^+^CD52^hi^ Tregs were neither derived from nor distinguished by markers of conventional resting CD4^+^CD25^+^ Tregs. In...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1774/version/1

Is the innate bio-protection power against human virus the same between males and females? A conclusion based on blood donor data of HTLV-I infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nobuoki Eshima; Minoru Tabata; Yasunori Higuchi; Shigeru Karukaya.
Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus that causes adult T-cell leukemia. The male-to-female transmission is stronger than the reverse, so the carrier proportion of women is greater than that of men. On the other hand, since the mother-to-child transmission route via the breast-feeding is common for baby boys and girls, it has been thought the HTLV-I proportions of boys and girls are the same until now. A question arises as to whether the &amp;#x22;innate protection powers against human virus&amp;#x22; are the same between baby boys and girls. We utilize Blood donors in 1995-1998, which were provided by Japan Red Cross Society of Oita, Japan. The data are summarized into the frequency table with respect to gender and age. The age...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1987/version/1

Human Immune Responses to Plasmodium falciparum infection: Molecular Evidence for a Suboptimal TH&amp;#x3b1;&amp;#x3b2;(TH9) and TH17 Bias over Ideal and Effective Traditional TH1 Immunity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wan-Chung(Wan-Jiung) Hu; August Louis Bourgeois; Nathan Wolfe; Sher Singh; Anne Jedlicka; Alan Scott.
Using microarray analysis, we showed up-regulation of  Toll-like receptors 1,2,4,7,8, NF-[kappa][BETA], TNF-[alpha], p38-MAPK and MHC molecules in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells following infection with Plasmodium falciparum. We report herein further studies based on time-course microarray analysis with a focus on malaria-induced host immunity.  Results show that in early malaria; selected immunity-related genes were up-regulated including alpha, beta, and gamma interferon related genes, as well as genes of IL-15, CD36, chemokines (CXCL10, CCL2, S100A8/9, CXCL9, and CXCL11), TRAIL and IgG Fc receptors.  During acute febrile malaria, up-regulated genes included alpha, beta, and gamma interferon related genes, IL-8, IL-1[beta], IL-10 downstream...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5930/version/1

BBSRC Data Sharing Policy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amanda Collis; David McAllister; Michael Ball.
BBSRC recognizes the importance of contributing to the growing international efforts in data sharing. BBSRC is committed to getting the best value for the funds we invest and believes that making research data more readily available will reinforce open scientific inquiry and stimulate new investigations and analyses. BBSRC supports the view that data sharing should be led by the scientific community and driven by scientific need. It should also be cost effective and the data shared should be of the highest quality. Members of the community are expected and encouraged to practice and promote data sharing, determine standards and best practice, and create a scientific culture in which data sharing is embedded.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6015/version/1

Identificación y Expresión tejido específico de hepcidina y piscidina en la Guaseta del Pacífico Alphestes immaculatus (Breder, 1936).
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Massó, J.A.
Todos los organismos multicelulares son susceptibles a enfermedades, por lo que estos han desarrollado sistemas de defensa contra los organismos patógenos, y los peces no han sido la excepción. Su sistema inmune al igual que el resto de los vertebrados puede dividirse en dos tipos: el sistema inmune adaptativo y el sistema inmune innato. Ambos poseen componentes celulares y humorales. Dentro de los componentes humorales del sistema inmune innato se encuentran los péptidos antimicrobianos (AMPs), los cuales son típicamente de 12-50 aminoácidos con una carga neta positiva de +2 a +7. Debido a que los AMPs pueden desplegar una actividad de amplio espectro contra una gran variedad de patógenos y algunas células cancerosas, el interés de estos ha aumentado...
Tipo: Theses and Dissertations
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Marine fish; Immunology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3808.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3589

Immunosuppressive effects of metrifonate on oreochromis niloticus
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Soliman, M.K.; Mohamed, S.G.; El-Gohary, M.S.; Khalil, R.H.; El-Banna, S.
The effect of metrifonate on the immunity of the exposed fish are evaluated through the determination of the antibody titer and mortality rate during the challenge trial. In the chronic toxic exposure to metrifonate by dose 0.17mg/liter for 8 weeks, the more clear signs were darkness of fish color with hemorrhagic patches &amp; loosing of scale at end of the trial the color return to normal. Determination of some blood parameters revealed significant decrease of white blood cell count, as there were lymphopenia and nueutrophilia during the chronic exposure to metrifonate. Phagocytic assay revealed a significant decrease in both phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index(PI).Hypoproteinami hypoglobulinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia were observed. The...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Biology; Immunology; Biology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_925.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1218

The immune response of tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus and its susceptibility to Streptococcus iniae under stress in low and high temperatures
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Ndong, D.; Chen, Yu Yuan; Lin, Yu Hung; Baskaralingam, V.; Chen, Jiann Chu.
Mozambique tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus acclimated to 27 °C were then held at 19, 23, 27 (control), 31 and 35 °C, and were examined for non-specific cellular and humoral responses after 12–96 h. Total leucocyte count decreased significantly when fish were transferred to 19 and 23 °C after 48 and 96 h, and when transferred to 35 °C over 12–96 h, respectively. Respiratory burst decreased significantly when fish were transferred to 19, 31 and 35 °C over 24–96 h, whereas phagocytic activity and phagocytic index decreased significantly when fish were transferred to low temperatures (19 and 23 °C) and high temperatures (31 and 35 °C) over 12–96 h. Lysozyme activity decreased significantly when fish were transferred to 19 °C after 12–96 h, but increased...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Fish culture; Fish diseases; Temperature effects; Aquaculture; Biological stress; Immunology; Fish culture; Aquaculture; Fish diseases; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3808; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2918; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2920.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2614

Characterization of innate immune activity in Phrynops geoffroanus (Testudines: Chelidae)
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Ferronato,Bruno O.; Merchant,Mark E.; Marques,Thiago S.; Verdade,Luciano M.
The innate immune activity of the freshwater turtle Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) was investigated, using a sheep-red-blood cell hemolysis assay. The time- and concentration-dependent hemolytic activity of the turtle plasma was low compared to that reported for other reptiles. However the plasma of P. geoffroanus exhibited higher activity at elevated temperatures, resulting in temperature-dependent hemolysis. The sensitivity of turtle plasma to temperature could be interpreted as a mechanism by which freshwater turtles use basking behavior to elevate body temperature, thus enhancing the innate immune response. However, we cannot discard the possibility that environmental contaminants could be affecting the turtle's immune response, since the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chelonian; Immunology; Plasma.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702009000400020

Production of policlonal antisera specific to plant viruses by rabbit oral immunization
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: LIMA,J. ALBÉRSIO A.; LIMA,ROBERTO C.A.; GONÇALVES,M. FÁTIMA B.
Serological techniques are of great importance for plant virus identification and characterization. The major limiting factor for using these techniques for plant virus identification is the requirement of a good virus purified preparation to be used in immunizing animals for antiserum production. In the present study, two New Zealand rabbits were orally immunized with extracts from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) plants systemically infected with Cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) and with extracts from papaya (Carica papaya) infected with Papaya lethal yellowing virus (PLYV). The leaf extracts were prepared in saline solution 0.15 M in the rate of 1:1 (w/v) and clarified by a centrifugation of 10,000 g for 10 min. The clarified extracts containing the viruses...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Serology; Immunology; Virus identification; CPSMV; PLYV.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582001000400016

Experimental infection with different bacterial strains in larvae and juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei reared in Santa Catarina State, Brazil - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i3.5471
Provedor de dados: 3
Autores: Buglione, Celso Carlos; UFSC; Vieira, Felipe do Nascimento; UFSC; Mouriño, José Luiz Pedreira; UFSC; Pedrotti, Fabiola Santiago; UFSC; Jatoba, Adolfo; UFSC; Martins, Maurício Laterça; UFSC.
This study evaluated the pathogenic characteristics of bacteria isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei during an outbreak at the Laboratory of Marine Shrimp, UFSC, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Their  virulence potential in larvae and juvenile shrimp and the effects on the total haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity and serum agglutinate titre were examined after experimental infection. Bacterial strains were isolated from larvae and adult shrimps, identified by the AP120E biochemical system as: two strains of Vibrio alginolyticus, three of Aeromonas salmonicida and one of Pasteurella multocida sp. and Pasteurella sp. All the bacterial strains isolated in this study caused mortality in shrimp. One strain of V. alginolyticus was responsible for 97.3 and 88.7%...
Tipo: Resistencia a infecção
Palavras-chave: 2.12.01.02-1 Shrimp; Experimental infection; Vibrio; Virulence; Immunology bacteriologia Shrimp; Experimental infection; Vibrio; Virulence; Immunology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/5471

Activity of Brazilian propolis against Aeromonas hydrophila and its effect on Nile tilapia growth, hematological and non-specific immune response under bacterial infection
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ORSI,RICARDO O.; SANTOS,VIVIAN G. DOS; PEZZATO,LUIZ E.; CARVALHO,PEDRO L.P.F. DE; TEIXEIRA,CAROLINE P.; FREITAS,JAKELINE M.A.; PADOVANI,CARLOS R.; SARTORI,MARIA M.P.; BARROS,MARGARIDA M.
ABSTRACT The effect of the ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on Aeromonas hydrophila was analyzed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Then, the effects of crude propolis powder (CPP) on growth, hemato-immune parameters of the Nile tilapia, as well as its effects on resistance to A. hydrophila challenge were investigated. The CPP (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0%) was added to the diet of 280 Nile tilapia (50.0 ± 5.7 g fish-1). Hemato-immune parameters were analyzed before and after the bacterial challenge. Red blood cell, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated. The MIC of the EEP was 13% (v/v) with a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Health; Hematology; Immunology; Oreochromis niloticus; Propolis; Stress.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000401785

Influences of stocking density and dietary probiotic supplementation on growing Japanese quail performance
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: MAHROSE,KHALID M.; ELHACK,MOHAMED E. ABD; MAHGOUB,SAMIR A.; ATTIA,FATEN A. M.
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of stocking density and dietary supplementation of probiotic (Lactobacillus) on growth, traits of carcass, lymphoid organs and intestinal microbial count of Japanese quail. Quail chicks (one week old) were randomly allotted to 6 groups in a 2×3 factorial experiment included 2 levels of stocking density (100, and 75 cm2/bird) and 3 levels of probiotic (0.00, 0.02 and 0.04 g/kg diet). Quail reared at 100 cm2/ bird showed significantly the highest body weight and daily gain. Quail reared at 75 cm2/ bird had significantly the lower average of feed consumption and the best ratio of feed conversion. Increasing level of probiotic up to 0.04 g/kg led to a significant decrease in dressing percentage by about 2.7 %...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Stocking density; Probiotic; Growth; Immunology; Microbial count; Quail.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000300603

Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Vincendeau,Philippe; Bouteille,Bernard.
Major modifications of immune system have been observed in African trypanosomiasis. These immune reactions do not lead to protection and are also involved in immunopathology disorders. The major surface component (variable surface glycoprotein,VSG) is associated with escape to immune reactions, cytokine network dysfunctions and autoantibody production. Most of our knowledge result from experimental trypanosomiasis. Innate resistance elements have been characterised. In infected mice, VSG preferentially stimulates a Th 1-cell subset. A response of &lt;FONT FACE=Symbol&gt;gd&lt;/FONT&gt; and CD8 T cells to trypanosome antigens was observed in trypanotolerant cattle. An increase in CD5 B cells, responsible for most serum IgM and production of autoantibodies...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Trypanosome; African trypanosomiasis; Immunology; Macrophage; Lymphocytes; Nitric oxide; Cytokine; Autoantibodies.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400004

Generation of a triple-fluorescent mouse strain allows a dynamic and spatial visualization of different liver phagocytes in vivo
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: NAKAGAKI,BRENDA N.; FREITAS-LOPES,MARIA A.; CARVALHO,ÉRIKA; CARVALHO-GONTIJO,RAQUEL; CASTRO-OLIVEIRA,HORTÊNCIA M.; REZENDE,RAFAEL M.; CARA,DENISE C.; SANTOS,MÔNICA M.; LOPES,RODRIGO PESTANA; DAVID,BRUNA A.; MENEZES,GUSTAVO B.
ABSTRACT Resident and circulating immune cells have been extensively studied due to their almost ubiquitous role in cell biology. Despite their classification under the “immune cell department”, it is becoming increasingly clear that these cells are involved in many different non-immune related phenomena, including fetus development, vascular formation, memory, social behavior and many other phenotypes. There is a huge potential in combining high-throughput assays - including flow cytometry and gene analysis - with in vivo imaging. This can improve our knowledge in both basic and clinical cell biology, and accessing the expression of markers that are relevant in the context of both homeostasis and disease conditions might be instrumental. Here we describe...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Intravital microscopy; Phagocytes; Liver immunology; Fluorescent markers; Hepatology; Gastroenterology; Immunology.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000200601

Morphometric analysis of the thymus of puppies infected with the Snyder Hill Strain of canine distemper virus
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Alves,C.M.; Vasconcelos,A.C.; Martins,A.S.; del Puerto,H.L.; Santos,F.G.A.; Nunes,J.E.S.; Campos,P.P.; Moro,L.
The thymic morphometry analysis was used for determining apoptosis and atrophy of the thymus of eight puppies inoculated with canine distemper virus (CDV). Three healthy dogs were used as negative controls. Sections, 5µm thick, were stained by HE and Shorr, and the latter were evaluated by morphometry. CDV nucleoprotein was detected by immunohistochemistry. Morphometric results confirmed lymphoid hypotrophy in CDV inoculated dog thymuses, more stroma, less parenchyma and higher apoptotic index/field than negative control (not inoculated) puppies. Apoptosis plays a role in the mechanism of thymus atrophy that develops in canine distemper.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Puppy; Apoptosis; Thymus; Canine distemper; Immunology; Virus; Immunosuppression.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352006000400004

Gut: Key Element on Immune System Regulation
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Delgobo,Murilo; Paludo,Katia Sabrina; Fernandes,Daniel; Oliveira,Junior Garcia de; Ortolan,Gilberto Luiz; Favero,Giovani Marino.
Abstract The gut is the main organ that mediates the contact between antigens with our organism, controlling the immune response against environmental factors, such as microbiota and food. Innate lymphoid cells participate in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) maturation during the prenatal and early postnatal periods. After birth, breast milk provides the essential elements for the continuity of development of this tissue, leading to structural changes and healthy microbiota installation. The microbiota participates in the organogenesis of the GALT, as in the formation of intestinal villi, stimulating the proliferation of stem cells and maintaining the integrity of epithelial barrier. Foods are also involved in maturation of the GALT, where the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Gut; Peripheral Tolerance.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132019000100901

Immunization of hybrid surubim (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans x P. fasciatum) against Motile Aeromonas hydrophila septicemia
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Silva,Bruno Correa da; Jatobá,Adolfo; Vieira,Felipe do Nascimento; Mouriño,José Luiz Pedreira; Bolívar,Norha; Seiffert,Walter Quadros; Martins,Mauricio Laterça.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune response of hybrid surubim vaccinated by intraperitoneal injection and by immersion against Aeromonas hydrophila. Vaccine was prepared with formalin-inactivated A. hydrophila. Forty eight fishes (47±9g) were distributed in 12 tanks (4 fish / tank) in the following treatments (4 tanks / treatment): unvaccinated fish, vaccinated intraperitoneally and vaccinated by immersion. After 21 days, intraperitoneally vaccinated fishes showed the highest values of total protein and immunoglobulins, agglutination titer and serum antimicrobial activity. Lysozyme concentration in the serum was higher in the fishes vaccinated by immersion than unvaccinated fishes. Intraperitoneal vaccination induced the highest immune...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pseudoplatystoma; Aeromonas hydrophila; Vaccine; Immunology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132013000100010

Evaluation of different adjuvants formulations for bluetongue vaccine
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Macedo,Ludmila Branco; Lobato,Zélia Inês Portela; Fialho,Sílvia Ligório; Viott,Aline de Marco; Guedes,Roberto Maurício Carvalho; Silva-Cunha,Armando.
This study investigated the adjuvant potential of W/O/W multiple emulsions and microemulsions, comparing them with traditional aluminum hydroxide and oil-in-water emulsion adjuvants against bluetongue vaccine (BTV). Local inflammatory reactions were assessed in rabbits by measuring the temperature of the animals and the skin thickness at the site of application. Antibodies titers were determined by serum-neutralization test. Histological analyses of lesions at the site of adjuvants application were done. Results showed that multiple emulsion and microemulsion maintained their stability even in the presence of complex components and presented adequate characteristics for subcutaneous administration. They were able to induce immune response against BTV, but...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Emulsion; Microemulsion; Vaccine adjuvants; Immunology; Biocompatibility.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132013000600007

Cytokine production profile of heart-infiltrating T cells in Chagas' disease cardiomyopathy
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Cunha-Neto,E.; Rizzo,L.V.; Albuquerque,F.; Abel,L.; Guilherme,L.; Bocchi,E.; Bacal,F.; Carrara,D.; Ianni,B.; Mady,C.; Kalil,J.
The hallmark of chronic Chagas' disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) is the finding of a T cell-rich inflammatory mononuclear cell infiltrate in the presence of extremely few parasites in the heart lesions. The scarcity of parasites in affected heart tissue casts doubt on the direct participation of Trypanosoma cruzi in CCC heart tissue lesions, and suggests the possible involvement of autoimmunity. The cells in the infiltrate are presumably the ultimate effectors of tissue damage, and there is evidence that such cells recognize cardiac myosin in molecular mimicry with T. cruzi proteins rather than primary reactivity to T. cruzi antigens (Cunha-Neto et al. (1996) Journal of Clinical Investigation, 98: 1709-1712). Recently, we have studied heart-infiltrating T...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Trypanosoma cruzi; Chagas' disease cardiomyopathy; Immunology; Cytokines; Gamma-interferon.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000100018

CCR3 antagonist impairs estradiol-induced eosinophil migration to the uterus in ovariectomized mice
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Araújo,J.M.D.; Silva,L.A.S.; Felix,F.B.; Camargo,E.A.; Grespan,R.
Eosinophils are abundant in the reproductive tract, contributing to the remodeling and successful implantation of the embryo. However, the mechanisms by which eosinophils migrate into the uterus and their relationship to edema are still not entirely clear, since there are a variety of chemotactic factors that can cause migration of these cells. Therefore, to evaluate the role of CCR3 in eosinophil migration, ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice were treated with CCR3 antagonist SB 328437 and 17β-estradiol. The hypothesis that the CCR3 receptor plays an important role in eosinophil migration to the mouse uterus was confirmed, because we observed reduction in eosinophil peroxidase activity in these antagonist-treated uteruses. The antagonist also influenced uterine...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Estradiol; Chemokine receptor; Immunology; Menopause; Uterus.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2020000100603