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El ingreso en las unidades de producción rural en 2004 Colegio de Postgraduados
Gaucín Piedra, Salvador Darío.
Es muy variable la importancia de la actividad agropecuaria como generadora de ingresos en el sector rural, complementada por diversas fuentes. En el presente trabajo, se identifica y analiza la composición y distribución del ingreso bruto en 2004 para una muestra de 1,600 unidades de producción rural, por estrato de productores, región en que se ubican, grado de marginación de la localidad y condición de pobreza. Para el total de la muestra, 69% de los ingresos fueron agropecuarios, 21.6% no agropecuarios ganados (autoempleo y salarios no agropecuarios) y 9.4% no agropecuarios no ganados (remesas y apoyos gubernamentales). Para los estratos de mayores ingresos, así como para las unidades de producción ubicadas en el norte del país, en zonas de baja y muy...
Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Ingreso; Unidad de producción rural; Distribución del ingreso; Maestría; Economía; Farm income; Rural households; Income distribution.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1677
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Castanha-do-brasil como fonte de renda nas áreas Quilombolas de Oriximiná, PA. Infoteca-e
NASCIMENTO JUNIOR, J. de D. B.; CARVALHO, R. de A.; HUHN, S.; NAZARÉ, R. F. R. de.
Município de Oriximiná. Área Quilombola. Comunidade de Pancada. Comunidade de Jauri. Comunidade de Boa Vista do Cumina. Comunidade de Jarauaca. Comunidade de Serrinha. Comunidade de Bacabal. Comunidade de Jamari. Comunidade de Abui. Comunidade de Tapagem. Comunidade de Mae Cue. A produtividade media por comunidade Visita. Renda e custos de coleta de castanha-do-brasil nas comunidades visitadas. Custos de coleta de castanha-do-brasil nas comunidades visitadas. Circuito de comercialização de castanha-do-brasil em Oriximiná e Óbidos.
Tipo: Livros Palavras-chave: Castanha-do-pará; Quilombola; Oriximiná; Pará; Brasil; Costs; Bertholletia Excelsa; Custo; Renda Familiar; Brazil nuts; Farm income.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/392328
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Assessment of the effectiveness of maize seed assistance to vulnerable farm households in Zimbabwe AgEcon
Langyintuo, Augustine S.; Setimela, Peter S..
The publication describes outcomes of a study to assess the effectiveness of a large-scale crop seed relief effort in Zimbabwe during 2003-07. Aims of the effort, which was supported by the British Department for International Development (DfID) and coordinated by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) regional office in Harare, included broader diffusion of open-pollinated maize varieties (OPVs), as opposed to hybrids. Based on the findings of the study, the authors recommend that, to increase benefits to vulnerable groups, participants in such efforts should effectively disseminate information on selecting and recycling seed, supported by training and field demonstrations, and should target relatively well-endowed farmers initially. Recommendations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural development; Technical aid; Farm income; Food production; Maize; Open pollination; Hybrids; Zimbabwe; Crop Production/Industries; International Development.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7655
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Treadle pump irrigation and poverty in Ghana AgEcon
Adeoti, Adetola I.; Barry, Boubacar; Namara, Regassa E.; Kamara, Abdul B.; Titiati, Atsu.
Treadle pump (TP) technology has been promoted by Enterprise Works Worldwide (EWW) as an alternative to the traditional rope and bucket irrigation that is necessary to overcome the challenge of uncertain and inadequate rainfall for agricultural production. The aim is to improve output, increase incomes and reduce poverty among farm households. This study examines the strategies used for dissemination of the TP and the dynamics of its adoption and impacts, with a special focus on poverty reduction. The results of the study reveal that time and labor savings for irrigation, increased size of irrigated areas and lack of fuel requirements are the attractive features of the TP for those who adopt it. Adoption of TP increases land and labor productivities; and...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Manual pumps; Irrigation systems; Water lifting; Poverty; Farm income; Gender; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44520
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THE 2002 FARM ACT: PROVISIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR COMMODITY MARKETS AgEcon
Westcott, Paul C.; Young, C. Edwin; Price, J. Michael.
The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (2002 Farm Act), which governs agricultural programs through 2007, was signed into law in May 2002. This report presents an initial evaluation of the new legislation's effects on agricultural commodity markets, based on sectorwide model simulations under alternative policy assumptions. The analysis shows that loan rate changes under the marketing assistance loan program of the 2002 Farm Act initially result in an increase in total planted acreage of eight major program crops. This increase in plantings, however, is relatively small (less than 1 percent), partly due to the inelasticity of acreage response in the sector. In the longer run, the simulations indicate that overall plantings of the eight program...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Farm legislation; 2002 Farm Act; Agricultural programs; Commodity programs; Marketing loans; Counter-cyclical payments; Direct payments; Planting flexibility; Base acres; Payment yields; Farm income; Risk management; FAPSIM; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33745
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LOOKING FOR GOVERNMENT'S ROLE AS AN AGRICULTURAL SAFETY NET AgEcon
Dorfman, Jeffrey H..
What makes agriculture especially deserving of an active government safety net? What is different about agricultural production? Are we concerned about a safe and reliable food supply or about farmers' incomes and returns to assets? Those who make farm policy base their arguments on all of these points: the diffuse nature of agricultural production, the inherent production risk in agriculture, the need for a safe and reliable food supply, shortcomings in farm income, and low returns to assets in agriculture. This paper addresses these points and, in so doing, rules out some of these concerns as legitimate bases for current agricultural policies. By focusing on those that are genuine, U.S. farm policy could spend limited resources in areas where the most...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Farm income; Farm-sector safety net; Market power; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14707
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Characteristics of Canada's Diverse Farm Sector AgEcon
Niekamp, Deborah.
Much of the research in the past on farm structure and economic well-being focused almost exclusively on farms based on their size, their contribution to total agricultural production, or national net farm income. These aggregate measures do not by themselves adequately explain how well the farm is functioning. Confidence in highly aggregated measures of financial performance in agriculture needs to be tempered with an understanding of the diversity that exists within the farm sector. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) developed a farm typology, to better explain why particular groups respond differently. The AAFC typology classifies farms into more homogeneous groups based on five factors: organizational structure (non-family farms) age (retirement...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Farm structure; Economic well-being; Agricultural production; Farm income; Financial performance; Diversity farm typology; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54465
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Risk Management and the Role of Off-farm Income AgEcon
Freshwater, David; Jette-Nantel, Simon.
The majority of farm households in OECD countries earn more off-farm income than farm income, even including government payments. While this is a well recognized fact its implications for risk management have not been well recognized. Current efforts to reform farm support have focused on the variability of farm household income and largely ignored the variability of total farm household income. Since it is common for farm households to allocate labor and capital across both farm and non-farm opportunities, it is also likely that their attitude to risk in farming can best be understood by seeing farm risk and return in a household portfolio of income. This approach immediately leads to farm risk being less problematic the more diversified the portfolio...
Tipo: Working Paper Palavras-chave: Off-farm income; Risk management; Agricultural policy; Farm household; Farm income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120184
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FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NORTH DAKOTA FARMS 1996-1998 AgEcon
Swenson, Andrew L..
The performance of over 530 North Dakota farms, 1996-1998, is summarized using 16 financial measures. Farms are categorized by geographic region, farm type, farm size, gross cash sales, farm tenure, net farm income, debt-to-asset, and age of farmer to analyze relationships between financial performance and farm characteristics. There was severe deterioration of financial performance in 1997. Financial performance in 1998, although the second lowest in the 1991-1998 period, improved because strong crop yields and emergency federal aid helped offset low crop and livestock prices. Median farm net income was $19,491 in 1998, $14,290 in 1997 and $31,603 in 1996. One-fourth of farms had negative net farm income and 51 percent of farms were not able to make...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm financial management; Farm management; Farm income; Liquidity; Solvency; Profitability; Repayment capacity; Financial efficiency; Financial benchmarks; Tenure; North Dakota; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23233
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The Effect of Ethanol Production on Agricultural Production in the State of Alabama AgEcon
Kebede, Ellene; Duffy, Patricia A.; Zabawa, Robert.
This research assessed the economic effect of corn-based fuel ethanol production on agriculture and the state economy in Alabama. The results showed that in the short run a 15 million gallon per year plant will be profitable. This will have farm income and a multiplier affect in the rest of the state economy.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Corn producers; Farm income; Price elasticity; Economic impact; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35415
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Measuring Farm Net Income To Better Achieve Policy Objectives AgEcon
Freshwater, David.
The farm problem is a longstanding topic in agricultural economics, and farm organizations continue to press claims that they are disadvantaged and deserve public support. While society may choose to support farmers it is clear that existing farm programs to not do an effective job of providing support. Farm income and farm subsidies are highly concentrated and the lowest income farmers receive little support. Moreover most households with low farm income typically manage their farm to achieve this goal. Politically, commercial farms require that hobby farms continue to be recorded as actual farms in order to mask the small number of enterprises that actually benefit from farm programs. Whether this lead to good public policy is another matter.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm problem; Income distribution; Farm household objective function; Farm income; Farm policy; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42315
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Impact of Groundwater Over-draft on Farm Income and Efficiency in Crop Production AgEcon
Sharif, Mahin; Ashok, K.R..
In this study, the cost of groundwater extraction, impact of groundwater depletion on farm income, wateruse efficiency, technical efficiency in crop production and costs of groundwater depletion among different categories of farmers have been reported. The study has been conducted in the Chamarajanagar district of the Karnataka state, where groundwater is the major source of irrigation. Data have been collected from over-exploited, semi-critical and safe villages. The study has shown a wide difference between large and small farms in their access to groundwater resource in terms of cost. The functional analysis has revealed that farm income is lower in over-exploited and semi-critical villages compared to safe villages. The mean technical efficiency in...
Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Over-draft; Farm income; Water-use efficiency; Technical efficiency; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; Q15; Q25.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119382
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U.S.-CANADA BORDER DISPUTES IN GRAINS: DYNAMIC INTERFACE BETWEEN THE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT AND TRADE REMEDY LAWS AgEcon
Koo, Won W.; Uhm, Ihn H..
Agricultural trade between the United States and Canada has been contentious since the inception of the CUSTA agreement in 1989. Even though Canadian exports of wheat and barley are not found to have violated U.S. trade remedy laws, friction seems likely to continue as long as the surge in Canadian exports remains unabated. Gradual harmonization of trade policies, farm subsidy programs, and marketing institutions may reduce trade disputes between the two countries in the future. To diffuse the threat of future trade disputes, a Canada - U.S. joint research team should be formed to deal with the matter through better understanding for causes of the disputes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Bilateral trade; Free trade agreement; Trade disputes; Trade remedy laws; Farm income; Farm price; Harmonization; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23267
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An Overview of the Canadian Agriculture and Agri-Food System AgEcon
This 2008 report provides an economic overview of the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system. It is meant to be a multi-purpose reference document to provide: an introduction to the agriculture and agri-food system; a snapshot of structural changes that are occurring throughout the system in response to various factors; and background data and information to inform public discussions on challenges and opportunities facing the Canadian agriculture and agri-food system. The 2008 report begins with a special feature describing recent developments in global commodity markets when prices rose dramatically over the past year. It continues by reviewing each segment of the system, going upstream from consumers to food distribution, food, beverage and...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Agri-food; Gross Domestic Product; GDP; Employment; Exports; Imports; Innovation; Inflation; Farm typology; Farm income; Government support; Program payments; Profitability; Processing; Concentration; Water; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46805
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Long Term Challenges and Opportunities: Future Competitiveness and Prosperity of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Industry AgEcon
This report was prepared by the Federal/Provincial/Territorial (FPT) Working Group (WG) on Economic Analysis at the request of FPT Assistant Deputy Ministers (ADMs) in an effort to study the challenges and opportunities that are arising from the trends and factors affecting the sector's long term prosperity and competitiveness. The report is a compilation of data and information that presents a snapshot of the agriculture and agri-food sector and the challenges and opportunities facing the sector. This report is the first installment of progress reports the WG will submit to ADMs in the process of completing its final report to FPT meetings, and so is a work in progress that will expand as further information is analyzed.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Economic analysis; Primary agriculture; Competitiveness; Farm income; Performance of farms; Profitability; Productivity growth; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Relations/Trade; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52708
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Structural and Financial Characteristics of U.S. Farms, 1995: 20th Annual Family Farm Report to Congress AgEcon
Sommer, Judith E.; Hoppe, Robert A.; Green, Robert C.; Korb, Penelope J..
National average statistics related to farm production mask the diversity in the Nation's 2 million farms and the people who operate them. Farms in the United States differ not only by size (sales and acres) and type of production, but also by organizational characteristics (land ownership, legal organization, contracting arrangements) and financial characteristics (debt, assets, income, expenditures). Farm operators and their households vary with respect to demographic characteristics (occupation, age, education), financial characteristics (dependence on farm income, operator/spouse labor allocation), and management characteristics (information sources, business goals).
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Farm structure; Farm income; Financial performance; Farm management; Farm business; Government payments; Farm loans; Computer use; Minority farmers; Female farm operators; Farm operator household; Family farm; Small farm; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/33620
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Financial Characteristics of North Dakota Farms 2007-2008 AgEcon
Swenson, Andrew L..
The performance of over 500 North Dakota farms, 2007-2008, is summarized using 16 financial measures. Farms are categorized by geographic region, farm type, farm size, gross cash sales, farm tenure, net farm income, debt-to-asset, and age of farmer to analyze relationships between financial performance and farm characteristics. Five-year averages, 2003-2007, and farm financial trends for the 1999-2008 period are also presented. In 2008, median and average acreage per farm was 2,000 and 2,578, respectively. Median and average cash farm revenue was $464,464 and $607,623, respectively. Over 70% of farms were crop farms and 47 percent of farms had gross sales exceeding $500,000. Median age of farm operators was 47. Financial measures for 2008 and 2007 were...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Farm financial management; Farm management; Farm income; Liquidity; Solvency; Profitability; Repayment capacity; Financial efficiency; Financial benchmarks; Tenure; North Dakota.; Farm Management; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60366
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THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTION FOR LIMITED RESOURCE FARMERS IN SOUTH CENTRAL ALABAMA AgEcon
Gan, Jianbang; Kebede, Ellene.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of vegetable production to enhance the declining farm income of limited resource farmers. A survey of 60 limited resource farmers in south central Alabama was undertaken to carry out this evaluation. Results of the survey show that 95% of the farmers had an annual farm income of less than $12,000. Linear programming methodology was applied to perform a whole-farm analysis of a representative farm developed from the data. The overall results show that vegetable production will significantly increase the annual income of these farmers. Some specific conclusions are that: (a) the total return from vegetable production depends on vegetable mixes; (b) vegetable production is labor intensive and...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Enterprise budget; Farm analysis; Farm income; Limited resource farmers; Linear programming; Minimum wage; Vegetable production; Production Economics.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14681
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FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NORTH DAKOTA FARMS 1997-1999 AgEcon
Swenson, Andrew L..
The performance of over 530 North Dakota farms, 1997-1999, is summarized using 16 financial measures. Farms are categorized by geographic region, farm type, farm size, gross cash sales, farm tenure, net farm income, debt-to-asset, and age of farmer to analyze relationships between financial performance and farm characteristics. Farm financial trends for the 1991-1999 period are also presented. Financial performance in 1999 was the best since 1993, and had great improvement from 1997 and 1998 when one-fourth of farms had negative net farm income and over one-half of farms were not able to make scheduled term debt payments with the year's income. Although crop prices were low in 1999, there was extraordinary government and crop insurance payments, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm financial management; Farm management; Farm income; Liquidity; Solvency; Profitability; Repayment capacity; Financial efficiency; Financial benchmarks; Tenure; North Dakota; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23239
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FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NORTH DAKOTA FARMS, 1999-2001 AgEcon
Swenson, Andrew L..
The performance of over 530 North Dakota farms, 1999-2001, is summarized using 16 financial measures. Farms are categorized by geographic region, farm type, farm size, gross cash sales, farm tenure, net farm income, debt-to-asset, and age of farmer to analyze relationships between financial performance and farm characteristics. Farm financial trends for the 1992-2001 period are also presented. Financial performance in 2001 declined for all 16 measures, except interest expense ratio, because of lower government subsidies, higher costs and continued low commodity prices. Financial performance in 2000 and 1999 was the highest since 1993 because low crop prices were offset by extraordinary government and crop insurance payments, good yields and improved beef...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm financial management; Farm management; Farm income; Liquidity; Solvency; Profitability; Repayment capacity; Financial efficiency; Financial benchmarks; Tenure; North Dakota.; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23542
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