Consulta: subjectFacets:"Air and water emissions"
Registros recuperados: 683
Data/hora: 26/04/2024 14:14:10

A localised development of organic farming as a response to the problem of water quality: a new challenge
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vincent, A; Fleury, Philippe.
Initiatives aiming at developing organic farming (OF) to meet water quality stakes are increasing. This article is a comparative study of four such projects. It is based on semi-structured interviews. Two logics for public action are implemented to foster the development of OF in areas facing water quality problems. The first one aims at concentrating actions in water sensitive areas. The main tool that is then mobilized is the use of localized agri-environmental measures supporting conversion to organic farming. The second logic aims at implementing actions for organic development at a geographical scale considered as relevant for developing OF and differing from water sensitive areas. The main actions that are then activated are coordination,...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/26784/1/Vincent_2013_CIAG_Vol32.pdf

A project-based system for including farmers in the EU ETS
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard; Brandt, Urs Steiner.
Farmers in the EU do not trade greenhouse gases under the  Kyoto agreement. This is an empirical puzzle because agriculture is a significant contributor of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the EU and may harvest private net gains from trade. Furthermore, the US has strongly advocated land-use practices as ‘the missing link’ in past climate negotiations. We argue that farmers have relatively low marginal reduction costs and that consequences in terms of the effect on permit price and technology are overall positive in the EU Emission Trading System (ETS). Thus, we propose a project-based system for including the farming practices in the EU ETS that reduces the uncertainty from measuring emission reduction in this sector. The system encourages GHG reduction either...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18776/1/18776.pdf

A study of the N2O emission from grassland with the FASSET farm model
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chatskikh, Dmitri; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Berntsen, Jørgen; Regina, Kristiina; Yamulki, Sirwan.
Local adaptations of the IPCC methodology (http://www.ipcc.ch) are applied in different countries. They include a combination of theoretical, experimental and simulation methods for evaluating the activity and factors indicated N2O emission. The N2O emission from agricultural soil is considered an important source both for environmental impact and non-industrial losses of nitrogen (Petersen, Olesen, 2002). In this study a multifactorial approach, based on dynamic modelling, is used at a farm/field level to estimate N2O emission from grassland. For this purpose an algorithm for modeling of gaseous N2O emission was developed and analyzed. In the algorithm, based on the conceptual process-oriented model HIP (Davidson et al., 2000), both nitrification and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/4130/1/4130.doc

Abatement costs for agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus loads: a case study of crop farming in south-western Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Helin, Janne; Laukkanen, Marita; Koikkalainen, Kauko.
Designing efficient agri-environmental policies for agricultural nutrient load reductions calls for information on the costs of emission reduction measures. This study develops an empirical framework for estimating abatement costs for nutrient loading from agricultural land. Nitrogen abatement costs and the phosphorus load reductions associated with nitrogen abatement are derived for crop farming in south-western Finland. The model is used to evaluate the effect of the Common Agricultural Policy reform currently underway on nutrient abatement costs. Results indicate that an efficiently designed policy aimed at a 50% reduction in agricultural nitrogen load would cost € 48 to € 35 million, or € 3756 to € 2752 per farm.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16761/1/helin.pdf

Abatement costs for agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus loads: a case study of South-Western Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Helin, Janne; Laukkanen, Marita; Koikkalainen, Kauko.
Designing efficient agri-environmental policies for agricultural nutrient load reductions calls for information on the costs of emission reduction measures. This study develops an empirical framework for estimating abatement costs for nutrient loading from agricultural land. Nitrogen abatement costs and the phosphorus load reductions associated with nitrogen abatement are derived for crop farming in southern Finland. The model is used to evaluate the effect of the Common Agricultural Policy reform currently underway on nutrient abatement costs. Results indicate that an efficiency designed policy aimed at a 50 % reducton in agricultural nitrogen load would cost 25 to 28 million euro, or 1995 to 2197 euro per farm.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/11137/1/DPapers.pdf

Åbent Hus: Forbedret udnyttelse af jord og ressourcer i økologiske dyrkningssystemer
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Helene.
Projektet SoilVeg handler om forbedret udnyttelse af jord og ressourcer i økologiske dyrkningssystemer for grøntsager med grønafgrøder. Der afprøves dyrkning af hvidkål i to nye dyrkningssystemer med reduceret jordbearbejdning. I det ene system plantes direkte ned i en tromlet vintergrønafgrøde uden anden jordbearbejdning, og her er det tanken at den tromlede biomasse dækker jorden og dermed holder ukrudt nede i løbet af sæsonen. I det andet system laves stribenedmuldning af grønafgrøden før plantning. De to nye systemer sammenlignes med almindelig nedmuldning og ingen forudgående grønafgrøde. Både vinterhestebønne, vinterært og vintervikke er blevet brugt som grønafgrøder og i blandinger med vinterrug. Disse forsøg kører ved Forskningscenter Årslev i 2016...
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Weed management.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/32030/1/index.html

Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau: Untersuchungen zur Nmin-, N2O-N- und NH2-N-Dynamik sowie Rückschlüsse zur Anbau-Optimierung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Beckmann, Uta; Kolbe, Hartmut; Model, Annett; Russow, Rolf.
Die Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft war in den letzten Jahrzehnten gekennzeichnet durch einen beispiellosen Anstieg des Dünge- und Pflanzenschutzmitteleinsatzes sowie durch entsprechend starke Ertragssteigerungen. Die damit verbundenen nachteiligen Umweltwirkungen auf Wasser, Boden und Atmosphäre führten einerseits zur Suche nach Optimierungsstrategien und andererseits zu erhöhten Anstrengungen bei der Prüfung alternativer Bewirtschaftungsformen.  Zur Prüfung von Ackerbausystemen des ökologischen Landbaus wurden ab dem Jahr 1992 komplexe Dauerversuche angelegt. Es wurden Verfahren von viehlosen sowie von viehhaltenden Betrieben simuliert. In den Versuchen wurden außerdem eine stark unterschiedliche Düngungshöhe mit verschiedenen organischen Düngemitteln...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Production systems; Nutrient turnover; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/802/1/kein%2DDokument.pdf

Ackerwildkrautschutz in Luxemburg durch Schutzäcker,  Feldflorareservate und Ökologische Landwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lenerz, Maximilian; Elsen, T.; Schneider, Simone.
Arable plants are becoming increasingly rare in today's cultural landscape and belong to the most endangered plant species in Luxemburg. Their main threat is the intensification of agriculture, where high usage of pesticides and fertilizer, better seed cleaning methods and the abandonment of marginal yield sites all negatively affect arable plant communities. Another factor is the loss of (potential) habitat due to the expansion of settlements and subsequent loss of agricultural lands. The dire situation calls for urgent action. Within the framework of the bachelor thesis of the first author, a concept for the protection of arable plants in Luxembourg was developed. The  following article describes and discusses the four most promising applied approaches...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31755/1/Ackerwildkrautschutz%20in%20Luxemburg%20durch%20Schutz-%C3%84cker%2C.pdf

Acqua pulita nel lago di Zugo? 25 per cento di aziende biologiche!
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schmid, Otto.
Trent’anni fa tappeti di alghe puzzolenti e pesci morti hanno scioccato la popolazione lungo le rive del lago di Zugo.    Il Cantone ha reagito con un progetto milionario: un gigantesco sistema di tubature che avrebbe dovuto pulire l’acqua del lago di Zugo con quella del lago dei Quattro Cantoni. Per i biopionieri si trattava semplicemente di combattere i sintomi e nel 1987 hanno dimostrato con un ampio studio del FiBL, quali sarebbero le conseguenze se l’intero Cantone passasse all’agricoltura biologica.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32215/1/Bioattualita_8_2017_O.Schmid.pdf

Agricultural influences on carbon emissions and sequestration
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ball, Andrew S; Pretty, Jules N.
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. Agricultural systems contribute to carbon emissions through several mechanisms: the direct use of fossil fuels in farm operations, the indirect use of embodied energy in inputs that are energy intensive to manufacture (e.g. fertilizers), and the cultivation of soils resulting in the loss of soil organic matter. However agriculture can also sequester carbon when organic matter accumulates in the soil or above-ground woody biomass acts as a permanent sink or is used as an energy source that substitutes for fossil fuels. The latest empirical data on agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sequestration opportunities in agricultural systems are reviewed and the necessary land use and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/8416/1/ball_pretty_Carbon_emissions_sequestration.pdf

Agricultural land management, carbon reductions and  climate policy for agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Agriculture contributes to climate change and at the same time has a huge climate change mitigation potential – this lies mainly in increased soil carbon sequestration. This article discusses the mitigation potential of soil carbon sequestration, the underlying processes and main challenges for its utilization. There are difficulties of reliable quantification, aspects of leakage and system boundaries. Utilization of this mitigation potential is currently mainly via offset mechanisms. Due to the named challenges, offset mechanisms are not adequate for this and more aggregate approaches should be employed.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/25609/1/CarbonManagement_Muller2012_AsPublished.pdf

Agricultural phosphorus losses and eutrophication in Nordic-Baltic countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ekholm, Petri.
The P losses from agriculture are controlled by natural characteristics, agricultural practices and national and international agricultural as well as agri-environmental policies. To reduce the P losses the measures should be targeted at the areas and activities that are responsible for the highest actual losses of bioavailable P. The response of an aquatic ecosystem to agricultural activities is a result of complex interactions between physical, chemical and biological processes.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16047/1/fosfor.pdf

Agricultural phosphorus losses and eutrophication in Nordic-Baltic countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ekholm, Petri.
Management of phosphorus: management actions have to be environmentally sustainable, economically viable, technologically feasible, socially desirable (or at least tolerable), legally permissible, administratively achievable and politically expedient (Ducrotoy &amp; Elliott, 2008).
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16039/1/ekholm.pdf

Agriculture as surface water polluter in the Danube River Basin and Central and Eastern Europe
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko; Vollenbroek, Johan; Csikos, Imre.
More than a half of the territory of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is used for agricultural activities and agriculture represents an important economic activity of the region. But at the same time, agriculture in CEE is also a serious source of environmental degradations/pollution among which loss of biodiversity, soil and water ones seem to be most obvious. Moreover, regarding the pollution of water resources, particularly the surface water in CEE, it has been shown by several studies that agriculture represents major, much more serious source of pollution than any other sector (e.g. industry, transport, population, etc.). Among these studies, the results from the recent Danube Environmental Integrated Study, done within the framework of the UNDP...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 1966

Agriculture bio respectueuse du climat: le jeu en vaut-il la chandelle?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schader, Christian; Meier, Matthias.
Contexte  La rentabilité d'une exploitation est une condition essentielle pour assurer la réussite de la culture sans labourage dans la pratique.    Question expérimentale  Dans quelle mesure le travail réduit du sol se distingue t-il du labourage sur le plan des finances et de la gestion du travail?    Conclusion  �Dans l'essai de longue durée à Frick, le travail réduit du sol affiche de meilleurs résultats que le labourage.  Les coûts de production étant presque identiques, le rendement est le critère de jugement décisif.  Après trois ans, les premiers résultats des exploitations  pratiques ne confirment toutefois pas encore les avantages  économiques du travail du sol sans labourage.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011

Agriculture biologique et protection de la qualité de l’eau : enjeux et perspectives. Etude comparative de différents projets de développement de l’agriculture biologique et de sa filière sur les territoires à enjeu «eau ».
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vassy, Agathe; Vincent, Audrey.
Face au constat alarmant de l’état actuel des masses d’eau et aux objectifs de résultats fixés par la Directive Cadre sur l’Eau, les gestionnaires de l’eau sont contraints de mettre en place des mesures préventives, en développant des plans d’actions agricoles sur leurs aires d’alimentation de captage. Au vue de l’orientation prise par les institutions françaises, l’agriculture biologique apparait comme l’un des moyens pouvant être employé sur cette problématique. Le programme Agriculture Biologique et Aires d’Alimentation de Captage (ABAAC), piloté par l’ISARA-Lyon s’inscrit dans ce contexte à travers l’étude des enjeux et des perspectives d’un tel axe de développement. S’intéressant à l’émergence d’une nouvelle catégorie de projet visant à développer...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Regulation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/27929/1/Vassy_2011_Memoire_ABIPEC.pdf

Agriculture et qualité de l’eau : le dispositif de Lons le Saunier. Evolution des jeux d'acteurs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Martin, Laura; Hellec, Florence; Barataud, Fabienne.
Ce travail, à l’initiative de chercheurs, a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet : ABiPeC - Agriculture Biologique et Périmètres de Captage (programme AgriBio3 – INRA). Il vise à comparer différents types de dispositifs de protection de l’eau mobilisant l’agriculture biologique.    Notre étude a pour objectif de comprendre les jeux d’acteurs mis en place à Lons-le-Saunier pour préserver la qualité de son eau potable. Par jeux d’acteurs, nous entendons : identifier les acteurs concernés par le projet, leur niveau de participation et les relations qui se sont construites entre eux.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/27925/1/Martin_2010_ABIPEC.pdf

Agriculture et qualité de l’eau : le dispositif de Lons-le-Saunier  Evolution des jeux d’acteurs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Martin, Laura; Barataud, Fabienne; Hellec, Florence.
La protection de l’eau est devenue un enjeu majeur depuis le renforcement des obligations réglementaires qui imposent le bon état des masses d’eau d’ici 2015. Les gestionnaires de l’eau sont alors contraints de mettre en place des actions préventives, en intervenant sur les pratiques agricoles situées à proximité des captages d’eau potable. Or ces derniers manquent d’expérience pour inciter le changement de ces pratiques sur un territoire.  C’est dans ce contexte que le programme de recherche Agriculture Biologique et Périmètre de Captage (ABiPeC), mobilise trois équipes de l’INRA et l’ISARA sur les incitations locales à la conversion en agriculture biologique sur les aires d’alimentation de captage et qu’une étude de six mois a été mise en place à l’INRA...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/27926/1/Martin_2010_Memoire_ABIPEC.pdf

Agronomical and environmental performances of organic farming in the Seine watershed, France
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Anglade, J.; Billen, G.; Garnier, J.
This work suggests that Soil Surface Balance is a robust indicator to compare the performances of organic agriculture with those of conventional agriculture, even strictly following the rules of rational and optimised application of fertilisers. The results of long term nitrogen budget calculation brought us to seriously reconsider the relevance of the need to increase crop yields, and more broadly to reconsider cropping patterns and production systems. In terms of policy levers for mitigating nitrogen contamination of water resources, only the shift to organic farming provides a possible way to reconcile agricultural production and water quality.   Further, this view points out the need for specific measures to encourage more mixed farming approach to...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24519/1/24519.pdf

Ammoniakfordampning fra udbragt gylle
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sommer, Sven G.; Hansen, Martin N.
Landbruget er den primære kilde til ammoniak i atmosfæren. En af teknikkerne til at reducere ammoniakfordampningen er at udbringe gylle med slangeudlæggere. Med nogle enkle beregninger er der her foretaget et skøn af effekten af at udbringe gylle med slæbeslanger i vinterhvede for hver måned i perioden januar til juli.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/5623/1/5623.pdf

An approach to include soil carbon changes in life cycle assessments
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, B.M.; Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Hermansen, J.E.; Halberg, Niels.
Globally, soil carbon sequestration is expected to hold a major potential to mitigate agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. However, the majority of life cycle assessments (LCA) of agricultural products have not included possible changes in soil carbon sequestration. In the present study, a method to estimate carbon sequestration to be included in LCA is suggested and applied to two examples where the inclusion of carbon sequestration is especially relevant: 1) Bioenergy: removal of straw from a Danish soil for energy purposes and 2) Organic versus conventional farming: comparative study of soybean production in China. The suggested approach considers the time of the soil CO2 emissions for the LCA by including the Bern Carbon Cycle Model. Time...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Soil; Research methodology and philosophy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/22732/7/22732.pdf

An early Assessment of a Plant-based Organic Vegetable System: Analysis of inorganic-N and soil enzyme activity
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Jensen, Janne Guldbæk Kirstejn.
Study of soil and plant nitrogen pools and soil microbial activities in the DoubleCrop trial at AU-FOOD Årslev
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Soil; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/35460/1/Janne%20Guldb%C3%A6k%20Kirstejn%20Jensen_1103769_542889_Hand-in_An-early-Assessment-of-a-Plant-Based-Organic-Ve.pdf

An integrated simulation model to evaluate national policies for the abatement of agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hyytiäinen, Kari; Ahtiainen, Heini; Heikkilä, Jaakko; Helin, Janne; Huhtala, Anni; Iho, Antti; Koikkalainen, Kauko; Miettinen, Antti; Pouta, Eija; Vesterinen, Janne.
This study introduces a prototype model for evaluating policies to abate agricultural nutrients in the Baltic Sea from a Finnish national point of view. The stochastic simulation model integrates nutrient dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sea basins adjoining the Finnish coast, nutrient loads from land and other sources, benefits from nutrient abatement (in the form of recreation and other ecosystem services) and the costs of agricultural abatement activities. The aim of this study is to present the overall structure of the model and to demonstrate its potential using preliminary parameters.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15726/1/DP2009_2.pdf

Anaerobic digestion - it’s a gas
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Smith, L.G.
The article in the Soil Association's Organic Farming magazine introduces the subject of anaerobic digestion, exploring some of the benefits and of installing this technology on farms and some of the difficulties encountered. Potential sources of funding and further information (eg: relevant ebsites) are also listed.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/17309/1/anaerobic_digestion_article.pdf

Análise do uso de agrotóxicos em Assentamentos Rurais
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mansur, Maria Luisa.
O Projeto “Segurança alimentar no campo: redesenhos agroecológicos da produção em áreas de assentamentos e de remanescentes de quilombos” (Processo CNPq 559493/2010-0) está focado na questão da segurança alimentar, um direito garantido por lei no Brasil. A compreensão do papel que o uso de agrotóxicos possui no manejo agrícola de comunidades rurais está diretamente relacionada à proposição de um redesenho agroecológico da produção, uma vez que a substituição dos métodos convencionais de combate a pragas e doenças deverá ser um dos pilares do novo modelo de manejo, o qual deverá prezar pela saúde do trabalhador e do meio ambiente. A grande mobilização da sociedade civil organizada e dos movimentos sociais para que sejam reavaliados o uso seguro de...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24912/2/24912.pdf

Analyse des Energieeinsatzes und der Energieeffizienz bei der Futtererzeugung in der Milchviehhaltung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Frank, Helmut; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Fodder production requires the highest energy input in dairy farming. Taking the  organic and conventional dairy farms from the project “climate effects of land use systems – evaluations on pilot farms” as an example we analyse the energy input for producing different fodder types and the influence of feeding strategies in Southern Germany. The results show that grazing is the most energy efficient form of feeding, followed by fresh grass and silage. Hay requires the highest energy input per unit forage energy. Maize silage has a lower energy input due to high yields. The higher the part of roughage in the ration the lower is the energy input for production of the ration.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18229/3/Frank_18229.pdf

Analyse von Grundfutterqualitäten ökologischer und konventioneller Milchviehbetriebe im Rahmen des Projekts Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit von Landbausystemen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kassow, Antje; Blank, Britta; Paulsen, Hans Marten; Rahmann, Gerold; Aulrich, Karen.
Im ersten Jahr eines paarweisen Vergleichs von 20 ökologischen sowie 20 konventionellen Milchviehbetrieben wurden Unterschiede in den Mittelwerten der Proteingehalte der Kleegras- und/oder Grassilagen deutlich. Dahingegen unterschied sich die Qualität der Maissilagen der Betriebe mit den verschiedenen Bewirtschaftungsformen nicht. In eigenen Studien wird der Einfluss der Qualität von Futtermitteln in Abhängigkeit des Managements auf die Treibhausgasbilanzen von Milchviehbetrieben untersucht.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/17428/3/Kassow_17428.pdf

Angaben zur Klimarelevanz als Bewertungsgrundlage für unterschiedliche landwirtschaftliche Produktionsverfahren und Nachfrageorientierungen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Simon, Karl-Heinz; Meier-Ploeger, Angelika; Vogtmann, Hardy.
Zusammenfassung:  Das Konzept der Klimarelevanz wird vorgestellt und auf die Analyse der Sektoren Landwirtschaft und Ernährung angewendet. Einige Ergebnisse werden gezeigt, die u.a. die systematische Unterschätzung von Anteilen der Landwirtschaft an der Klimabeeinflussung belegen. Es wird auch gezeigt, wie mit der Inblicknahme des Gesamtsystems der Aspekt der Landnutzung einbezogen werden kann und wie Veränderungen in den Versorgungssystemen sich dort bemerkbar machen.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://orgprints.org/2255/1/handbuch%2Dkein%2DDokument.pdf

Anpassung an den Klimawandel
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Gattinger, Andreas.
Globale Klimapolitik – ein Ärgernis. Sprechen wir lieber gleich von Anpassungsmassnahmen an den Klimawandel. Solche sind unumgänglich, egal was die Politik macht, vor allem in der Landwirtschaft.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20168/1/mueller_gattinger_2011_AnpassungKlimawandel_SchweizerBauer_5_10.pdf

Approaches to assess the environmental impact of organic farming with particular regard to Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Birgitte; Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted; Kristensen, Erik Steen.
Ever increasing attention is being paid to the environmental impact of intensive agricultural practices, and in this context organic farming is gaining recognition as a relatively friendly production system. In general, the risk of harmful environmental effects is lower with organic than with conventional farming methods, though not necessarily so. This review examines organic farming in the light of European conditions, with special regard to recent research findings from Denmark. It specifies the environmental problems caused by modern farming practices and discusses appropriate indicators for assessing their impact.    A Driving Force-State-Response (DSR) framework is employed to organise and understand the processes and mechanisms that lie behind the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/1025/1/Hansen_et_al_2001_Environmental_impact_of_organic_farming_postprint.pdf

Aske til oppgradering av biogass og som gjødsel.Potensiale for økt lønnsomhet i små biogassanlegg.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Soerheim, Kristin Marie; Ebbesvik, Martha Oliva; Kvande, Ingvar; Fjørtoft, Kristian.
Aske fra biobrenselanlegg utgjør i dag en kostnad for anleggseiere, da asken for de fleste anlegg må deponeres. Det er ikke tillatt å bruke aske som gjødsel i skog, men det er tillatt brukt som jordforbedringsmiddel. Gjødselvareforskriften er under endring og det kan ligge muligheter for økt bruk av aske som gjødsel i skog tilsvarende det som praktiseres i Sverige og Finland per i dag.    Både aske fra sagbruksflis og brenselsflis fra anlegget til Tingvoll Biovarme har et høyt kalsium-innhold og vil i hovedsak kunne brukes som kalkningsmiddel. Innholdet av kadmium, som i hovedsak befinner seg i flyveasken, vil gjøre det nødvendig å bygge om anlegget for å skille bunnaske fra flyveaske. Rensing av aske for å ta ut for eksempel kadmium anses med dagens...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/29571/1/BIOFORSK%20RAPPORT%20%20Aske%20vol%2010%20nr%2061.pdf

Aspects of phosphorous fertilisation in organic farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schnug, E; Haneklaus, S; Kratz, S; Fan, X.
Balanced fertilisation is essential for a considerate use of limited phosphorus (P) resources and for sustainability in organic farming. Plant available soil P levels will decrease and soil fertility will diminish when using P sources with limited P availability such as rock phosphates, bone and bone meals. An in situ digestion with a combination product of elemental S and rock phosphate enhanced significantly the solubility of non water-soluble P sources. In addition to the problem of insufficient solubility, mineral P sources can be contaminated with toxic heavy metals such as Cd  0.1–92.3 mg kg-1) and U (&lt;LLD - 481 mg kg-1) from their source. Farmyard manure and slurry may contain up to 953/727 and 376/132 mg kg-1 Zn and Cu, respectively.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10252/1/Aspects_of_phosphorus_fertilisation_in_organic_farming.pdf

Assessing impacts of alternative agricultural land use scenarios on nitrogen leaching with the INCA-N model
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Granlund, K.; Puustinen, M.
The Integrated Nutrients Model for Catchments - Nitrogen (INCA-N) model was applied in Savijoki, a small (15,4 km2) agricultural catchment, in order to analyse possibilities to achieve the targeted 50 % reduction in agricultural nitrogen loading. The model was applied for the years 1995-1999, representing the first period of the Finnish Agri-Environmental Programme, a widely adapted policy measure for controlling environmental impacts of agriculture in Finland.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16265/1/pollutants4.pdf

Assessing nutrient and sediment transport for Water Framework Directive  purposes using the SWAT model - a case study in SW Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bärlund, Ilona; Kirkkala, Teija; Kämäri, Juha.
The ecological status of lake Pyhäjärvi, located in south-western Finland, may be classified as moderate due to its elevated nutrient concentrations and algal biomass production. Thus, the Yläneenjoki river basin, accounting for &gt;50% of the total phosphorus loading to the lake, was chosen as the Finnish test catchment in the Benchmark models for the Water Framework Directive project. One aim of the project was to test the suitability of models like the catchment scale model SWAT for the assessment of nutrient and sediment transport and management options needed to meet the surface water quality requirements.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16279/1/pollutants5.pdf

Assessing the public goods provided by organic agriculture: lessons learned from practice
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Smith, Laurence; Padel, Susanne; Pearce, Bruce; Lampkin, Nic; Gerrard, Catherine L; Woodward, Lawrence; Fowler, Sue; Measures, Mark.
The role of farms as providers of public goods has long been recognised, and measuring performance in this area is of increasing interest to policy makers, in light of the approaching Common Agricultural Policy reform. The Organic Research Centre has been working on this topic in recent years, through the development of sustainability assessment tools. The latest outcome from this process is a ‘Public Goods’ assessment tool, developed through a Natural England funded project which aimed to evaluate the benefits accruing from organic management and entering into an Organic Entry Level Stewardship (OELS) agreement. This paper describes the development of the Public Goods (PG) tool, and what has been learned in the process.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation; Research methodology and philosophy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19761/1/smith_9591_revised.pdf

Assessment of animal welfare and environmental impact
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Leeb, Christine.
During this presentation the CoreOrganic2 project ProPIG was introduced and methods to assess animal welfare and environmental impact were presented. Furthermore some examples were given and models to relate animal welfare and environmental impact were discussed. It was concluded that selected aspects of animal welfare and environmental impact can be assessed on farm, however, it remains to discuss how to relate them to each other- a concrete hypothesis and specific, measureable outcomes are required. The high influence of management makes the variation within systems larger than across systems, allowing to identify solutions.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Pigs.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/23688/1/ProPIG_Denmark_June2013.pptx.pdf

Auch Öko-Schweine stinken – Geruch und Ammoniakemissionen aus der ökologischen Tierhaltung messen und mindern
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Klöble, Ulrike.
As livestock farming in general, organic livestock farming contributes to emissions of ammonia, odour and particulate matter. Especially for yards and free ventilated housings there is only little knowledge on the magnitude of emissions. This often complicates authorization processes for constructing new or altering existing housings.  Main issues of the workshop are: requirements in authorization processes, measures to reduce emissions and emission measurement standards. Ongoing projects are presented and their relevance as well as knowledge gaps for organic farming are discussed.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36256/1/Beitrag_333_W01-04_Auch-Bio-Schweine-stinken.pdf

Ausgewählte Parameter der Ökoeffizienz im ökologischen und konventionellen Marktfruchtbau Schleswig-Holsteins
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Biernat, Lars; Loges, Ralf; Taube, Friedhelm.
Approximately 13 % of the total greenhouse gas emissions in Germany are caused by agricultural practices. From an environmental and economic point of view, gaseous N losses as well as nitrate leaching to groundwater play, a significant role. The aim of the present study is to analyze abiotic environmental effects of organic and conventional all-arable farming at a highly productive site in Northern Germany. Two different organic crop rotations with 25% vs. 40% legumes and no application of external N-fertilizers were compared over a two-year period to a typical site specific conventional rotation at an average mineral fertilser input of 195 kg N ha-1 a-1. For gas flux measurement, the closed-chamber method was applied. Nitrate leaching was measured by...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/27206/1/27206_biernat.pdf

Ausweitung des Ökolandbaus in Wassergewinnungsgebieten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Horstkötter, Martin.
Im April 2001 wurde in Niedersachsen von der Bezirksregierung Braunschweig ein Projekt zur Ausweitung des Ökologischen Landbaus in Wassergewinnungsgebieten beauftragt. Die Projektlaufzeit beträgt zunächst 3 Jahre mit einer Verlängerungsoption auf 7 Jahre. Die Mittel stammen je zur Hälfte aus dem Proland-Programm der Europäischen Gemeinschaft und den Mitteln der Wasserentnahmegebühr des Landes Niedersachsen. Das Projektgebiet besteht aus den Gewinnungsgebieten in den Regierungsbezirken Hannover und Braunschweig sowie 13 Wassergewinnungsgebieten im Regierungsbezirk Lüneburg. Ziel des Projektes ist die nachhaltige Vergrößerung sowohl der Fläche als auch der Zahl der Betriebe, die nach den Vorschriften des Ökologischen Landbaus in Wassergewinnungsgebieten...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1660/1/horstkoetter%2Dm%2D2003%2Dwassergewinnungsgebiete.pdf

Auswirkungen der Einbindung einer Biogasanlage in ein ökologisches Betriebssystem
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Helbig, Susann; Grass, Rüdiger; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Biogas plants gain increasing circulation in organic agriculture. Among systems engi-neering effects on matter cycles, soil, plants and environment particularly depend on the integration of the biogas plant into the farming system. Ecological effects should already be taken into consideration in the planning stage. Therefore appropriate tools are required.  In this contribution ecological effects of changing an organic cash crop farming system into a biogas system are shown by using an established modelling approach. Starting from an existing cash crop farm a biogas-scenario was developed which includes e. g. structural adaptations of the cultivation system and crop rotation, the use of internal products and manuring. The biogas plant was conceived as a...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/9608/1/9608_Helbig_Poster.pdf

Auswirkungen der Feldrandkompostierung: Einjährige Nachbeprobung des "Versuches Witterswil"
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berner, Alfred; Alföldi, Thomas.
In dieser Arbeit soll aufgezeigt werden, wie sich die einzelnen Bodenkennwerte nach einer Feldrandkompostierung verhalten. Dazu wurde der Boden unter den Kompostplätzen in Witterswil nach sechs und zwölf Monaten nach Beendigung der Kompostierung nachbeprobt. Als Vergleich dienten die Werte der Kontrollparzelle, auf der nie kompostiert wurde. Zudem werden wie Werte anhand Literaturangaben von Bodenuntersuchungsergebnissen aus mehrjährigen Mistkompostmieteplätzen eingeschätzt.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://orgprints.org/27613/1/berner-alfoeldi-1996-FiBLBericht-Feldrandkompostierung-NachbeprobungWitterswil.pdf

Auswirkungen des langfristigen ökologischen Landbaus auf bodenbürtige Treibhausgasemissionen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Skinner, Colin; Krauss, Maike; Mäder, Paul.
Despite the increase in organic cropland, knowledge on the impact of organic farming on soil-derived nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions is rather limited. To improve the knowledge base, N2O and CH4 fluxes were investigated in a 571 day lasting cropping sequence in the “DOK” field trial. Two organic and two non-organic farming systems and an unfertilized control were chosen. For the whole monitoring, the two organic systems combined emitted 40% less N2O than the two non-organic ones cumulated on area-scale. Yield-scaled cumulated N2O emissions were nearly 10% lower for the organic systems combined, despite the yield gap of 27%. We found that besides N input, management induced soil quality properties drive differences in N2O emissions between...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36205/1/Beitrag_278_final_a.pdf

Auswirkungen reduzierter Produktionsintensität auf Futterqualität und ökologische Effekte
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Taube, Friedhelm; Wachendorf, M.; Loges, R.
Zusammenfassung:     Aus aggregierter Sicht der pflanzenbaulichen  Leistung wie des abiotischen Ressourcenschutzes ist festzuhalten:   1) der Futterbau auf den sandigen Standorten der Geest ist bei reduzierter N-Intensität durch geringe Grenzertragsverluste, aber hohe Reduktionen der Nitratauswaschungen geprägt; im Marktfruchtbau des östlichen Hügellandes herrschen inverse Beziehungen vor.  2) Ein Flächenbilanzsaldo von +20 bis +40 kg/ha/Jahr (plus "unvermeidbare gasförmige Verluste") ist als Grenzbereich der guten fachlichen Praxis auf den Futterbaubetrieben der Geest nur durch erhebliche Reduktionen der Bewirtschaftungsintensität zu erreichen. Auf den Marktfruchtbetrieben des östlichen Hügellandes besteht dagegen eine schwache Beziehung zwischen dem...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/2367/1/handbuch%2Dkein%2DDokument.pdf

Autumn sown catch crop understoreys as strategy to reduce nitrate leaching in winter cereals
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Loges, Ralf; Mauscherning, Inken; Taube, Friedhelm.
Under conditions with wet mild winters due to high nitrate leaching risk growing systems with high nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency in autumn are necessary, especially after pre crops with a high N release. In 2003 and 2004 a field trial was conducted in Northern Germany to investigate autumn N uptake and nitrate leaching in autumn sown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) grown intercropped with catch crops. Catch crops in pure stands were sown as control. In each system three catch crops common vetch (Vicia sativa), forage rape (Brassica napus) and oats (Avena sativa) were tested simultaneously. The experiment was run parallel after grass clover (high N status) and oats (low N status). N uptake, soil mineral nitrogen...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12535/1/Loges_12535_ed.doc

Baltic Ecological Recycling Agriculture and Society (BERAS) - Evaluation of environmental consequences and recommendations for improvements
Provedor de dados: 21
The aim of the project is analysis and evaluation of results achieved: resource conservation, energy use, CO2 emissions, nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, and effects on diversity and landscape of the agriculture-society system. The recommendations to optimize the system for achieving the formulated goals and final evaluation of environmental impact.     Case studies complemented with scenarios and consequence analyses, of ongoing practical, local ecological initiatives to promote local food supply cooperation between consumers and ecological producers (organic farmers, local food processors and distributors). These studies will be promoted in rural villages in the countries around the Baltic Sea, with the aim of learning and promoting more sustainable...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

Bathrooms as context for daily water practices
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Quitzau, Maj-Britt.
Water consumption connected to bathrooms.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5824/1/5486.pdf

Bedeutung der Modellvalidität für die Ökobilanzierung von landwirtschaftlichen Produkten – Vergleich zweier Milchrindras-sen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schüler, Maximilian; Paulsen, Hans Marten.
In the experimental station of the Thünen-Institute of Organic Farming the dairy breeds Holstein-Friesian (SBT) and Red Holstein double usage (RBT) are kept in separate herds under identical conditions. By means of a material flow FARM-Model, designed with the life cycle assessment (LCA) and material flow software Umberto, an assessment from cradle to farm gate of standard environmental impact categories was undertaken. While the BH has a better environmental performance due to higher milk yields the results depend largely on used algorithms in the model. When benchmarking different farms in terms of environmental performance modeling uncertainty has to be taken into account.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21537/3/21537_Sch%C3%BCler.pdf

Beisaat von Zwischenfrüchten als Möglichkeit zur Reduzierung der N-Auswaschung in Wintergetreide?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Loges, Dr. Ralf; Mauscherning, Inken; Taube, Prof. Dr. Friedhelm.
In a field experiment the potential of mixtures of winter cereals and catch crops to reduce nitrate leaching was investigated. Pure winter wheat showed the highest N-losses (56 kg N ha-1). Compared to a control without a catch crop, winter rye and oilseed radish grown in pure stand or in mixture with a winter cereal reduced nitrate-leaching by 30 to 80 %. However, common vetch had a significant lower potential compared to the tested non-legume catch crops. Further investigations are needed to optimize the system with special regards to the concurrence between cereal and catch crop in autumn and in early spring.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/3794/1/3794.pdf

Beitrag des ökologischen Landbaus zum Meeresumweltschutz
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Paulsen, H-M; Volkgenannt, U; Schnug, E.
siehe Dokument
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Regulation.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/2024/1/zi028448.pdf

Beiträge des Ökolandbaus zum Klimaschutz
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Weckenbrock, Philipp; Müller, Adrian.
Die Landwirtschaft spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der Erzeugung von Lebensmitteln sowie in der Bereitstellung und dem Erhalt von gesellschaftlichen Gemeingütern. Neben der Artenvielfalt, siehe Volksbegehren in Bayern, wird hierbei der Beitrag der Landwirtschaft zum Klimaschutz besonders stark und kontrovers diskutiert. Insbesondere die Frage, ob der Ökolandbau klimafreundlich oder „schlecht für das Klima“ ist, erregt viele Gemüter. Als Beitrag zu einer Versachlichung der Diskussion wird im Folgenden auf die Hauptpunkte der Kontroverse eingegangen und der Stand der Wissenschaft zusammengefasst.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35591/1/gattinger-etal-2019-BioTopp-Vol1-S57-59_Klimaschutz.pdf

Below ground C and N transformation processes in perennial grass-clover mixtures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasmussen, Jim.
Leaching of N from grass-clover mixtures have been found in both organic and inorganic form. The environmental impact of this loss is however not well understood as leaching of organic C acting as energy source for denitrifying microorganisms could reduce the negative impact of N losses. In the present project the sources of N and C loss from perennial grass-clover swards were investigated in two field experiments using 14C and 15N tracers. The main findings of the project show that fresh plant material (&lt; 1 year) does not contribute significantly to DOC leaching, whereas both fresh ryegrass and clover material was shown to contribute to DON and DIN losses.     Paper I: Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in a third production year ryegrass-clover...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10663/1/10663.pdf

Benefits of Organic Agriculture as a Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Muller, Adrian.
Organic Agriculture (OA) as an adaptation strategy (AS) to Climate Change (CC) is a concrete and promising option for adaptation in rural communities. OA has additional potential as a mitigation strategy (MS). This text is a short review note on this topic. Adaptation and mitigation based on OA can build on well-established practice as OA is a sustainable livelihood strategy with decades of experience in several climate zones and under a wide range of specific local conditions. Given the large fraction of rural population living on farming, the potential of this strategy to adapt to the adverse effects of CC and at the same time contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and to carbon sequestration is huge. The scope of the approach ranges...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/14732/1/mueller%2D2008%2Dorganicfarming%2Dadaptation%2Dclimate%2Dchange.pdf

Benefits of Organic Agriculture as a Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Organic agriculture, as an adaptation strategy to climate change and variability, is a concrete and  promising option for rural communities and has additional potential as a mitigation strategy. This article  is a short review of this topic. Adaptation and mitigation based on organic agriculture can build on wellestablished  practice because organic agriculture is a sustainable livelihood strategy with decades of use in  several climate zones and under a wide range of specific local conditions. The financial requirements of  organic agriculture as an adaptation or mitigation strategy are low. Further research is needed on yields in  organic agriculture and its mitigation and sequestration potential. Other critical points are information  provision and...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16506/1/mueller-2009-Benefits_of_Organic_Agriculture-EfD09.pdf

Benzin aus Pflanzen soll das Klima retten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bär, Markus.
In den Ländern des Nordens wächst die Nachfrage nach Agrodiesel und Ethanol aus Zuckerrohr, Mais oder Getreide. In den USA machen Agrotreibstoffe bereits 5 Prozent des gesamten Treibstoffverbrauchs aus; erklärte Politik ist es, diesen Anteil zu steigern. In der Schweiz gibt es noch keine ausgewachsene Agrotreibstoffindustrie, sondern lediglich Pilotprojekte. Zeit zu fragen, was da auf uns zukommt und wie es um die Ökologie dieser Treibstoffe steht.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/21989/1/baer-2007-bioaktuell-09-07-p4-5.pdf

Beregning af kvælstoftilførsel i sædskiftet
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
Grønsagsproduktion er mange steder i Europa en vigtig kilde til kvælstofudvaskning. For at forebygge dette, er det vigtigt at kunne beregne tilgængelighed og udvaskning af kvælstof i grønsagssædskifter. En ny computermodel - EU-rotate – kan hjælpe til med at optimere kvælstoftilførsel og sædskifteplanlægning.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16336/1/16336.pdf

Beregninger av nitrogenbalansen på 50 gårdsbruk i kommunene Midsund, Fræna, Gjemnes, Surnadal og Rindal
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lyche, Arnar.
Landbruk Nordvest har gjennomført nitrogenbalanse-beregninger på 50 gårdsbruk ikommunene Midsund, Fræna, Gjemnes, Surnadal og Rindal. Dette er et ledd i ”klima-arbeidet” i de fem kommunene. På samtlige melke-produksjonsbruk i undersøkelsen ble det kjøpt inn langt mer nitrogen og fosfor enn hva som ble solgt ut igjen, slik at gårdene tilførte flere næringsstoffer enn hva de fjernet. Det er en betydelig variasjon mellom enkeltbruk. Nitrogen-balanseberegningene for de 4 sauebrukene med økologisk drift viser at det også her er overskudd på nitrogen.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/31486/1/Lyche%2C%20A.%202011%20Rapport%20beregninger%20av%20nitrogenbalansen.pdf

Betriebsspezifische Strategien zur Reduktion des Umwelteinflusses durch Verbesserung von Tiergesundheit, Wohlergehen und Ernährung von Bioschweinen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Leeb, Christine; Rudolph, Gwendolyn; Bochicchio, Davide; Butler, Gillian; Dippel, Sabine; Dourmad, Jean Yves; Edwards, Sandra; Früh, Barbara; Illmann, Gudrun; Prunier, Armelle; Rousing, Tine; Winckler, Christoph.
In der biologischen Schweinehaltung stellen widerstandsfähige und zugleich leistungsfähige Tiere die Grundlage für gute Tiergesundheit, hohes Tierwohl und geringe Umweltwirkung dar. ProPIG hatte zum Ziel, durch Verbesserung der Tiergesundheit und des Tierwohls auf 75 Betrieben in 8 europäischen Ländern die Umweltwirkung von Bioschweinesystemen zu minimieren. Während dreier Betriebsbesuche wurde die Situation anhand tierbezogener Indikatoren erfasst, betriebsspezifische Verbesserungsstrategien festgelegt und die Effektivität der Maßnahmen nach einem Jahr beurteilt. Zusätzlich wurde die Umweltwirkung der drei Haltungssysteme (Stallhaltung mit Betonauslauf/ teilweise Freiland/Freiland) berechnet, wobei eine große Variation innerhalb des Systems, aber kein...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Pigs.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/27988/1/141105_Leeb%20et%20al_Gumpenstein_1.pdf

Bewässerung an das Substrat anpassen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Wrede, Andreas; Bohne, Heike.
Mit der M-ISHS-Methode werden Containerkapazität, Luftkapazität und verfügbares Wasser von Substraten gemessen. Daraus kann die Wassermnege für die Bewässerung berechnet werden, die nicht zu Auswaschung führt. Der Beregnungszeitpunkt wird mit hilfe von Tensiometern ermittelt (100 hPa).
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/1097/1/handbuch%2Dkein%2DDokument.doc

Bewertung gesellschaftlicher Leistungen des ökologischen Landbaus aus ökonomischer Perspektive
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Treu, Hanna; Sanders, Jürn.
Die gesellschaftlichen Kosten der Landwirtschaft sind von großer Bedeutung. Können diese gesellschaftlichen Kosten näher ökonomisch bestimmt werden? Inwiefern unterscheidet sich der Ökolandbau von der konventionellen Landwirtschaft in dieser Hinsicht? Im Rahmen einer Literaturanalyse wurden sieben Bereiche gesellschaftlicher Leistungen in Bezug auf diese Fragen analysiert. Die Analyse ergab, dass die gesellschaftlichen Kosten sehr hoch sind, aber dass sie sich mit der bestehenden Literatur nicht genau abschätzen lassen. Desweiteren schnitt der Ökolandbau in den Studien, die einen ökonomischen Vergleich der gesellschaftlichen Leistungen von Ökolandbau und konventioneller Landwirtschaft durchgeführt haben, besser ab.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36183/1/Beitrag_256_final_a.pdf

Bewertung gesellschaftlicher Nebenleistungen von ökologischen und konventionellen Milchviehbetrieben Süddeutschlands innerhalb der Treibhausgasbilanzierung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kiefer, Lukas; Menzel, Friederike; Bahrs, Enno.
Allocation of greenhouse gas emissions with economic allocation for milk and beef is well established in carbon foot printing, but many organic and extensive farms fulfill a wide range of additional ecosystem services for society such as management of renewable natural resources as well as preservation of biodiversity and cultural landscapes. Farms are compensated for these ecosystem services by the second pillar of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. This study introduces a new aspect by examining an economic allocation for greenhouse gas emissions including ecosystem services besides milk and beef for 113 dairy farms located in grassland-based areas of Southern Germany. Results are carbon footprints of 1.66 kg CO2eq/kg fat and protein...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/26897/1/26897_kiefer.pdf

Bi-cropping fodder maize in an existing (grass)clover sward
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Prins, U.; Eekeren, N. van; Oomen, G.J.M.
Organic cultivation of fodder maize is still considered to be difficult. Weed pressure, soil structure degradation during harvest and low nutrient efficiency are some of the common problems. Directly sowing maize in a (grass)clover sward using special-ized drilling machines can solve these problems. In a bi-cropping experiment under organic conditions we found similar yields as the reference treatment (ploughing) when the maize was sown in a clover sward, the roots of the remaining sward were cut one week after sowing and an additional fertiliser was applied.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Weed management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7296/1/Bi%2Dcropping_Maize_paper_Odense_final.pdf

Bio als Treiber für eine nachhaltige Landwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Biolandbau ist gewiss kein Allheilmittel. Mit den richtigen Politikinstrumenten kann er aber eine tragende Rolle in einer nachhaltigen Landwirtschaft spielen, meint Adrian Müller.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35593/1/mueller-2019-zukunftsblog-ETHZuerich-Bio-als-Treiber-fuer-eine-nachhaltige-Landwirtschaft.pdf

Bio hält das Wasser rein! Eine ökonomische Bewertung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kratochvil, R.; Lindenthal, T.
Die Biologisch Landwirtschaft leistet aus folgenden Gründen einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Grundund Trinkwasserschutz: Die Beeinträchtigung durch chemisch-synthetische Pflanzenschutzmittel ist ausgeschlossen. Aufgrund des angestrebten geschlossenen Betriebskreislaufes und rechtlicher Vorgaben ist der Eintrag von Nitrat in das Grund- und Trinkwasser drastisch reduziert.  Ökonomische Berechnungen zeigen, dass die Biologische Landwirtschaft zur Verringerung von Kosten, die gegenwärtig die Allgemeinheit tragen muss, beiträgt. Biologischer Landbau bedeutet damit vorsorgenden Grundwasserschutz anstelle nachsorgender Maßnahmen.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/4101/1/4001%2Dkratochvil%2Dr%2Det%2Dal%2D2003%2Dwasser_Ernte_2003.pdf

Bioboden - gut fürs Klima
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Menzler, Minou.
Wie klimawirksam ist welche Art der Bodenbewirtschaftung? Und wie viel Humus entsteht dabei? Wissenschaftler beschäftigen sich immer wieder mit diesem Thema. Minou Menzler befragte hierzu den Bodenexperten Andreas Gattinger.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/29343/1/gattinger-2015-interview-OEL176-p22.pdf

Biochar as a Soil Amendment: A Review of the Environmental Implications
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Woolf, Dominic.
The  term  'biochar'   refers  to black carbon  formed by  the pyrolysis of  biomass  i.e.  by heating biomass in an oxygen-free or low oxygen environment such that it does not (or only partially) combusts.   Traditional charcoal is one example of biochar produced from wood.  The term 'biochar' is much broader than this however, encompassing black carbon produced from any biomass feedstock.   The use of biochar as a soil additive has been proposed as a means  to simultaneously mitigate anthropogenic climate change whilst improving agricultural soil fertility.   This paper provides a review of what is known about both of these claims and also about the wider environmental implications of the adoption of this process.  The intention of this review is not...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13268/1/Biochar_as_a_soil_amendment_%2D_a_review.pdf

Biochar decomposition in agricultural soils of temperate climate
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Scheifele, Michael; Buegger, Franz; Fliessbach, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Schulin, Rainer; Gattinger, Andreas.
Results  › Carbon mineralization rates were highest in maize straw and lowest in pyrochar amended soil.  › Pyrochar showed even lower CO2 fluxes than non-amended soil.  › Initial mineralization rates of maize straw and hydrochar were higher in soil M, whereas in Soil D the pyrochar was decomposed slightly faster.  › Hydrochar derived carbon was readily incorporated in the microbial biomass of both soils, pyrochar resisted nearly completely.  › Comparison of carbon pools CO2 , Cmic and Corg at day 12 and day 205 shows that a stabilsation of maize feedstock of more than a double could be achieved with HTC and far beyond that scale with pyrolysis.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25774/1/Scheifele_et_al_Biochar_degratdation_2013_def.pdf

Biodegradability screening of soil amendments through coupling of wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy to multiple dynamic chambers
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bai, Mo; Köstler, Martin; Kunstmann, Jürgen; Wilske, Burkhard; Gattinger, Andreas; Frede, Hans-Georg; Breuer, Lutz.
A system was developed for the automatic measurements of 13CO2 efflux to determine biodegradation of extra carbon amendments to soils. The system combines wavelength-scanned cavity ring down laser spectroscopy (WS-CRDS) with the open-dynamic chamber (ODC) method. The WS-CRDS instrument and a batch of 24 ODC are coupled via microprocessor-controlled valves. Determination of the biodegradation requires a known d13C value and the applied mass of the carbon compounds, and the biodegradation is calculated based on the 13CO2 mixing ratio (ppm) sampled from the headspace of the chambers. The WS-CRDS system provided accurate detection based on parallel samples of three standard gases (13CO2 of 2, 11 and 22 ppm) that were measured simultaneously by isotope ratio...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/21771/1/Bai-etal-2011-RapidCommunMassSpectrom-25-p3683-3689.pdf

Biodiversity as a tool in crop nutrition
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, K.
In the abstract it is discussed how increased biodiversity in the choice of crops, catch crops and green manures can be used to improve organic crop rotations. Use of more species with variable characteristics can make it possible to make rotations with reduced losses of nutrients and improve nutrient supply for organically grown crops.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/7906/1/7906.rtf

Biogas in organic agriculture - effects on productivity, energy self-sufficiency and greenhouse gas emissions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pugesgaard, Siri; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Dalgaard, Tommy; Jørgensen, Uffe.
Reduction in the dependency on fossil fuels has been  identified as one of the important areas for development of organic farming in Denmark (ICROFS, 2008). The increased public awareness on the need for actions against global warming has brought Green House Gas (GHG) emissions and the use of fossil fuels into focus in the agricultural organisations in general as well as in the organic agricultural organisations.      Several scenarios for biogas production in organic agriculture could be imagined. The implementation of biogas production on organic farms and the effect of this implementation depend on the existing farming system, how the implementation is done and how this changes the farming system. Therefore the aim of this paper is to focus specifically...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/18940/16/18940.pdf

Biogas in organic agriculture: Effects on yields, nutrient uptake and environmental parameters of the cropping system
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Möller, Kurt; Stinner, Walter; Leithold, Günter.
System effects of biogas fermentation in organic cropping systems with and without livestock (dairy farming) were investigated from 2002-2005. In both systems no differences in yields and nutrient uptake were detected in the legume crops. In the livestock-system non legume crops of the slurry system had no higher yields but a higher nitrogen uptake (6 %) than the stable manure system. Slurry-fermentation had no effect on yields and nitrogen uptake. The inclusion of crop residues in the fermentation system increased the nitrogen uptake about by 10 % and reduced the nitrate leaching potential by ca. 10 %. The inclusion of external substrates lead to a further increase in nitrogen yield of 10 %, but to no significant increase in dry matter yields....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7223/1/kurt_moeller_biogas.doc

Biogasanlagen im Ökolandbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hofmann, Frank; Weddige, Ulf; Blumenstein, Benjamin; Möller, Detlev; Grieb, Beatrice; Mäder, Rolf; Zerger, Uli; Gerlach, Florian; Jaensch, Volker; Hartmann, Katharina.
Die landwirtschaftliche Biogasproduktion hat nicht nur ihre Wurzeln im ökologischen Landbau, sondern auch aktuell kann sie Ökobetriebe positiv beeinflussen. Das ist das Ergebnis der Analyse von zwölf Modellanlagen und -höfen und ihren Auswirkungen auf Wirtschaftlichkeit und Umwelt. In Deutschland besteht noch weiteres Potenzial für ein Ausbau, allerdings gibt es auch einige Hindernissgründe.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Farm nutrient management; Knowledge management.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/29559/1/FNR_Abschlussbericht_BioBiogas_22003312.pdf

Biokull-status for forskning og utprøving i Norge
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pommeresche, Reidun.
Flere typer biokull testes for bruk i landbruksjord, for økt karbonlaging og med ønske om mer fruktbar og næringsrik jord. Biokull er et porøst strukturmateriale, laget av planterester som utsettes for høy temperatur uten tilgang på oksygen. Mye tyder på at en kombinasjon av biokull og organisk gjødsel gir flest fordeler.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33002/1/biokull-status-for-forskning-og-utproving-i-norge

Biologically fixed N2 as a source for the N2O production in a grass clover mixture, measured by 15N2
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Ambus, Per.
The contribution of biologically fixed dinitrogen (N2) to the nitrous oxide (N2O) production in grasslands is unknown. To assess the contribution of recently fixed N2 as a source of N2O and the transfer of fixed N from clover to companion grass, mixtures of white clover and perennial ryegrass were incubated for 14 days in a growth cabinet with a 15N2-enriched atmosphere (0.4 atom% excess). Immediately after labelling, half of the grass-clover pots were sampled for N2 fixation determination, whereas the remaining half were examined for emission of 15N labelled N2O for another eight days using a static chamber method. Biological N2 fixation measured in grass-clover shoots and roots as well as in soil constituted 342, 38 and 67 mg N m-2 d-1 at 16, 26 and 36...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10144/1/10144.pdf

Biologische Landwirtschaft als Strategie für einen pro-aktiven  und nachhaltigen Wasserschutz in Luxemburg
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Heidt, Hanna; Stoll, Evelyne; Zimmer, Stephanie.
In 2009, the water resource management plan came into force in Luxembourg, an implementation of the water framework directive 2000/60/EG. However the main goal, to improve the quality of the water bodies to Through the new management plan (2015-2021) this goal should be reached. The  organic cultivation is one of these actions of the old and new management plan, although it was rarely implemented so far. Therefore, the aims of the study were to  identify potential barriers for the conversion to organic and to develop strategies in order to promote water protection through organic farming. At first, the existing barriers, mainly in the socio-economic and the political fields as well as the water-related regulations, should be gradually eliminated....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31963/1/Biologische%20Landwirtschaft%20als%20Strategie%20f%C3%BCr%20einen%20proaktiven.pdf

Biologiske metoder for nedbryting av medisinrester i gjødsel
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pommeresche, Reidun; McKinnon, Kirsty; Sørheim, Kristin; Hansen, Sissel.
Norsk senter for økologisk landbruk (NORSØK) og analyselaboratoriet MoLab ved Högskolan Kristianstad har gjennom dette forprosjektet arbeidet med å skaffe mer kunnskap om medisinrester i hestegjødsel, biologisk nedbrytning av disse og utvikling av analysemetoder.    Sammen med Hageland Surnadal har vi gjennomført en markedsundersøkelse for å undersøke kjøpe- og betalingsvilligheten for eventuelle nye jordprodukter basert på lokal hestegjødsel.         Det er lite kunnskap om medisinrester i norsk hestemøkk. I dette prosjektet har vi videreutviklet en analysemetode som kan analysere for ulike antibiotika og parasittmidler i samme prøve. Metoden er utviklet og testet slik at den kan brukes på fast substrat, som hestemøkk. Hestemøkk fra medisinerte hester og...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Assessment of impacts and risks; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32541/1/Sluttrapport%20Biologiske%20metoder%20for%20nedbryting%20av%20medisinrester%20i%20gj%C3%B8dsel%202017.pdf

Biomass and bioenergy production in organic agriculture. Consequences for soil fertility, environment, spread of animal parasites and socio-economy. BioConcnes, a 4-year interdisciplinary project.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hauggaard-Nielsen, H; Ambus, P; Dalgaard, T; Johansen, A; Jørgensen, U; Nielsen, A.M.; Nielsen, L.H.; Olesen, J.E.; Roepstorff, A; Skytte, K; Smith, J.E.; Thomsen, A.B.; Thomsen, M.H.; Jensen, E.S.
Energy production and energy use in organic agriculture (OA) need to be addressed in order to reduce the reliance on non-renewable fossil fuels and minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Thus, there is an obligation to find consensus between the apparent opposing aims of renewable (bio) energy production and soil fertility in OA. This project aims at designing and evaluate a combined concept for biomass and bio-energy production in OA, while considering soil fertility.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Social aspects; Technology assessment; Air and water emissions; Farm economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11312/1/NJF2007%2DBioConcens.pdf

Biomonitoring der weiträumigen Verdriftung von Pestiziden mittels Baumrinde, Vegetation und Passivsammler
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hofmann, Frieder; Kohlschütter, Niels; Bär, Johanna; Vögel, Rudolf; Kruse-Plaß, Maren.
Anlass für ein Biomonitoring zur weiträumigen Verfrachtung von Pestiziden über die Luft war die wiederholte und erhebliche Kontamination von Bio-Körnerfenchel mit zugelassenen, häufig applizierten Pflanzenschutzmitteln, die kilometerweit von den Fenchelflächen angewendet wurden. Zudem wurde für Glyphosat eine breite Belastung der Bevölkerung gemessen: 99,6% von über 2000 Probanden der bundesweiten Studie „Urinale 2015“. Das Luftgüte-Rindenmonitoring mit Analysen von über 500 Pestiziden wurde von 2014 bis 2017 an 24 Standorten in Brandenburg und Bayern durchgeführt. Weitere Vegetationsproben wie Körnerfenchel und Grünkohl wurden an 11 Standorten und technische Passivsammler (PUF-SIP) an 2 Standorten zur Kalibrierung analysiert. Insgesamt wurden 55...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36234/1/Beitrag_310_final_a.pdf

Bio-Tiere schonen unser Klima!
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Lindenthal, Thomas; Zollitsch, Werner; Markut, Theresia.
In einer Studie wurden die Auswirkungen auf das Klima einer konventionellen und biologischen Produktion von Milch, Eiern und Hühnerfleisch untersucht. Der Bio-Landbau schnitt dabei deutlich besser ab.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17993/1/hoertenhuber%2Detal%2D2010%2Dbioaustria.pdf

Bodenbelastung durch Feldrandkompostierung: neue Aspekte
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Fuchs, Jacques G.
Im Rahmen von Untersuchungen über die Umweltbelastung von Feldrandkompostmieten wurde anfangs dieses Sommers nach den regenreichen Wetterperioden der Einfluss von drei Mieten auf die Nährstoff- und die Schwermetallgehalte von Bodenproben unter und fünf Meter neben den Mieten untersucht. Dabei stellte sich heraus, dass nicht nur zum Teil stark erhöhte Nährstoffkonzentrationen unter den Mieten zu beobachten sind, sondern ebenfalls erhöhte Schwermetallgehalte, besonders Blei, Kupfer und Zink.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://orgprints.org/27614/1/fuchs-1998-agrarforschung_Bd5_Nr2-p81-83-feldrandkompostierung.pdf

Bønder som klimahelte: Kan og vil landbruget bidrage?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard; Pedersen, Karin Hilmer.
Kan og vil landbruget bidrage til reduktion af drivhusgasser? Undersøgelser tyder på, at der i landbrugssektoren findes et stort og uudnyttet potentiale for relativt billig reduktion af drivhusgasser. Selvom måling af reduktion i udledning af drivhusgasser inden for landbrugssektoren er behæftet med omfattende usikkerhed, vil man ved at måle reduktion indirekte gennem relative ændringer i produktionsprocesser kunne inkludere landbrugssektoren i reguleringsordninger. Spørgsmålet er, hvordan man kan få landbruget til at bidrage? Vi overvejer brugen af standarder, grønne afgifter og omsættelige kvoter. Vi finder, at landbrugssektoren vil have en ikke ubetydelig interesse i at få tildelt kvoter og deltage i det europæiske kvotesystem, EU ETS. Landbrugets...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19271/3/19271.pdf

Brassicas in sustainable production and organic farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
Brassica plant species show some characteristics in their use of plant nutrients which make them different from most other crops. These characteristics often make brassicas difficult to grow in low-input systems with limited nutrient availability, but at the same time they also make some brassica species valuable tools for reducing nitrate leaching losses and improving N management in farming systems. The paper presents experimental results on brassica crops as main crops and cover crops.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16320/1/16320.pdf

Buffer strips as filters for nutrients from grazed lands and nutrient cycling on the buffer strips
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Granlund, Kirsti; Palojärvi, Ansa; Rankinen, Katri; Regina, Kristiina; Valkama, Anna-Mari.
The retention of agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus by 10-m-wide grass buffer strips and buffers under natural vegetation has been studied for ten years on an experimental field at Jokioinen.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/11269/1/NJF.pdf

Can on-farm bioenergy production make organic farming more sustainable? - A model for energy balance, nitrogen losses, and green house gas emissions in a 1000 ha energy catchment with organic dairy farming and integrated bioenergy production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pugesgaard, S.; Dalgaard, T.; Jørgensen, U.; Olesen, J.E.; Møller, H.; Jensen, E.S.
Can biogas and bioethanol production make organic farming more sustainable?  - Results from a model for the fossil energy balance, Nitrogen losses, and greenhouse gas emissions in a 1000 ha energy catchment with organic dairy farming and integrated biogas and bioethanol production.    Dalgaard T1, Pugesgaard S1, Jørgensen U1, Olesen JE1, Møller HB1 and Jensen ES2    1) Dept. Agroecology and Environment. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (DJF), University of Aarhus. DK-8830 Tjele. Denmark. Contact: tommy.dalgaard@agrsci.dk    2) Biosystems Department, Risø DTU, The National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, The Technical University of Denmark DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark     The vision of organic farming systems, independent of fossil energy resources, with...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/14801/1/14801.pdf

Carbon footprint from cheese produced on milk from Holstein and Jersey cows feed hay differing in proportion of herbs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Troels; Søegaard, Karen; Eriksen, Jørgen; Mogensen, Lisbeth.
The objective of the study was to assess the impact on emission of green house gasses (GHG) from production of cheese based on milk from different type of hay and breed of cows, and as an integrated part to give figures for emission from production of hay in climate lees favorable for on field hay drying. Emission of GHG was estimate using life cycle assessment with kg of milk and kg of energy corrected milk (ECM) delivered to the dairy factory, and kg of cheese at the retailor level in Denmark as functional units. Allocation at farm gate, between milk and meat, was made by biological relation between energy requirement to milk and meat production or economic allocation and at the dairy between cheese and whey using either economic allocation or system...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/26477/7/26477.pdf

Carbon footprint of food maintenance in Finnish households
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kauppinen, Tommi; Katajajuuri, Juha-Matti; Pesonen, Inkeri; Kurppa, Sirpa.
This paper identifies the primary consumer actions having an effect on carbon footprint, their relative importance and their sensitivity to consumer choice concerning food maintenance. Food maintenance (transportation, preservation and preparation of food) of a Finnish household produces annually 170 kilograms of CO2-equivalent per individual as an average which corresponds approximately 2 % of the greenhouse gas emissions of private consumption. Of transportation, preservation and preparation, we find the preservation as the most important source of greenhouse gas emissions.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16407/1/consumer3.pdf

Carbon footprints of crops from organic and conventional arable crop rotations – using a life cycle assessment approach
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Meyer-Aurich, Andreas; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Chirinda, N.; Hermansen, J.E.
Many current organic arable agriculture systems are challenged by a dependency on imported livestock manure from conventional agriculture. At the same time organic agriculture aims at being climate friendly. A life cycle assessment is used in this paper to compare the carbon footprints of different organic arable crop rotations with different sources of N supply. Data from long-term field experiments at three different locations in Denmark were used to analyse three different organic cropping systems (‘Slurry’, ‘Biogas’ and ‘Mulching’), one conventional cropping system (‘Conventional’) and a “No input” system as reference systems. The ‘Slurry’ and ‘Conventional’ rotations received slurry and mineral fertilizer, respectively, whereas the ‘No input’ was...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Crop combinations and interactions; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/23069/13/23069.pdf

Carbon footprints of organic dairying in six European countries—real farm data analysis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hietala, Sanna Maria; Smith, Laurence; Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Kurpa, Sirpa; Padel, Susanne; Hermansen, John E.
Dairy farming is the largest agricultural contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in Europe. In this study, the carbon footprint of organic dairying was evaluated by means of a life cycle assessment, based on real farm data from six European countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Italy and United Kingdom.   A total of 34 farms were analysed. The assessment was carried out using an attributional approach with system boundaries from cradle to farm gate. In relation to dairy production, a functional unit of 1 kg of energy corrected milk was used. The results gave an average of 1.32 kg CO2 equivalents per kilogramme of energy-corrected milk with standard deviation of 0.22, which is consistent with recent studies. The main contributor to this is enteric...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/28882/1/Hietala%202015_A10.1007%252Fs13165-014-0084-0.pdf

Carbon sequestration in organic and conventional managed soils in the Netherlands
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sukkel, Wijnand; van Geel, Willem; de Haan, Janjo.
Next to other important agronomic and ecological aspects, the organic matter sequestration in the soil plays an important role in the CO2 balance. Based on detailed farm registrations, the input of effective organic matter and the changes in carbon sequestration in the soil was calculated for a large number of organic and conventional farms in the Netherlands. Results show that both organic and conventional management resulted in a decrease of the pool of organic carbon in the soil. The average decrease for the conventional management was 401 kg ha-1 year-1 and for the organic management 261 kg ha-1 year-1. The input of effective organic matter in the soil was significantly higher in organic than in conventional farms. Animal manure was the main...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12300/1/12300.pdf

Catch Crop Residues Stimulate N2O Emissions During Spring, Without Affecting the Genetic Potential for Nitrite and N2O Reduction
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Duan, Yun-Feng; Hallin, Sara; Jones, Christopher M.; Priemé, Anders; Labouriau, Rodrigo; Petersen, Søren O.
Organic agriculture depends on recycling of N to sustain crop production, and the use of catch crops to prevent leaching losses during winter is part of this strategy. The finding in this study, that catch crop residues were a more consistent source of nitrous oxide emissions in spring than synthetic fertiliser, indicates catch crop residue decomposition may contribute negatively to the climate impact of the farming system. Management practices are needed that reduce the potential for denitrification, which is the main source of nitrous oxide. Possible strategies include cultivation to promote aerobic rather than anaerobic degradation, and timing of manure application to avoid that mineral N from manure accumulates during residue decomposition....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Soil biology; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/36654/1/fmicb_09_02629.pdf

Catch crop strategy and nitrate leaching following a grazed grass-clover
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.; Vinther, F.P.
The objective of the study was to prevent the accumulation of high concentrations of mineral N in the soil during the drainage season by growing the presumably most effective catch crop, Italian ryegrass, undersown in barley as a green crop for silage on sandy soil. Further more, to examine the effect on two fields with different management of the grass-clover ley and therefore a different mineralization potential after ploughing. The green barley/Italian ryegrass treatment was compared with barley grown to maturity with and without an undersown conventional catch crop of perennial ryegrass.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10621/1/10621.doc

Catch Crops in Organic Farming Systems without Livestock Husbandry - Simulations with the DAISY model
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Torsten; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Magid, Jakob; Jensen, Lars Stoumann; Hansen, Søren.
This paper presents simulations of the soil-plant-atmosphere model DAISY based on an organic crop rotation with incorporation of different catch crops following pea as a leguminous cash crop. Special emphasise was put on the simulation of N-mineralisation/-immobilisation and of soil microbial biomass N. The DAISY model was able to simulate soil mineral N and soil microbial biomass N after soil incorporation of catch crop plant residues to some extend. Several processes need further attention and may be integrated into the DAISY model: (1) soil tillage induced mobilisation of organic material including considerable amounts of organic N, (2) winter killing of sensitive plant species and varieties, (3) decomposition of plant residues at the soil surface as...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Production systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7886/2/7886.pdf

Cattle trampling reduces the risk of nitrate leaching in organic dairy rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lamandé, M.; Eriksen, J.; Krogh, P.H.; Jacobsen, O.H.
Organic dairy farming is characterized by grazing cows in contrast to Danish conventional farms where the majority of cows are kept indoors. Cattle trampling reduces the finer macroporosity in the top 5-10 cm of the soil. This causes a low infiltration capacity at the soil surface, giving a higher probability of macropore flow from the surface. Rapid water movement through macropores bypasses the soil matrix, reducing nitrate leaching. We investigated how three years of cattle trampling in organic grass-clover fields could influence the risk of nitrate leaching in the autumn. The experimental part of this study was situated in Denmark on a loamy sand within a long-term organic dairy crop rotation trial. Experimental plots were irrigated with a concentrated...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/20676/5/20676.pdf

Cattle trampling reduces the risk of nitrate leaching in organic dairy rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lamandé, M.; Eriksen, J.; Jacobsen, O.H.; Krogh, P.H.
Organic dairy farming is characterized by grazing cows in contrast to Danish conventional farms where the majority of cows are kept indoors. Cattle trampling reduces the finer macroporosity in the first five to ten centimetres of the soil. This caused a low infiltration capacity at the soil surface, giving a higher probability to initiate macropore flow at the surface. Rapid water movement through macropores bypasses the soil matrix, reducing nitrate leaching.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/20675/4/20675.pdf

Climate Change Adaptation Through Science-Farmer-Policy Dialogue in Mali
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bautze, Lin; Nicolay, Gian L.; Meier, Matthias; Gattinger, Andreas; Müller, Adrian.
Climate change increases the number of risks for agricultural production in arid and semiarid regions, especially in Western Africa. Smallholder farmers are particularly vulnerable to climate change risks. These risks affect their socioeconomic situation, as well as the local food sector value chain in general. Therefore, their food security is threatened if smallholder farming structures do not adapt to them. Thus, effective climate change adaptation measures for smallholders are essential and should be implemented without delay. However, success hinges on the acceptance of the promoted measures among various stakeholders. Thus, their acceptance needs to be assessed before promoting.    The project “The potential of sustainable land-use systems to promote...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Africa.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34706/1/Bautze-etal-2018_ReferenceWorkEntry_ClimateChangeAdaptationThrough-Chapter-p1-15.pdf

Climate Change, Agriculture and Development in Croatia
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Legro, Susan; Znaor, Darko; Landau, Seth.
Both the challenges and potential benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation are particularly apparent in Croatia's agricultural sector. In 2004, this sector emitted 3.558 Gg of CO2 equivalent, comprising 12 percent of the country’s anthropogenic GHG emissions in that year. Soil management accounted for 62 percent of these emissions, enteric fermentation (associated with animal digestive systems) accounted for 25 percent, and manure management for 13 percent. However, recent research suggests that the GHG emissions generated by Croatian agriculture and related activities (e.g., energy, farm-inputs, trade, transport, agricultural research, veterinary services) are responsible for 18 percent of all anthropogenic GHG emissions in Croatia. The...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2008

Climate Change and Organic Farming in Developing Countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Fliessbach, Andreas; Amador, Manuel; Meirelles, Ana; Schwank, Othmar; Verhagen, Jan; Garibay, Salvador.
What is the role of organic farming in mitigating the consequences of climate changes? This session provides background information and intends to initiate a debate among policy makers and stakeholders.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/15818/1/1_fliessbach_fibl.pdf

Climate effects of recycled fertilizers and biochar: emissions of nitrous oxide, methane and ammonia in a field experiment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Norah, Efosa; Krause, Hans-Martin; Bünemann, Else K.; Hüppi, Roman; Häni, Christoph; Six, Johan.
Background  Nitrogen (N) fertilizers are essential for crop production. Farmyard manure and slurry traditionally constitute about half of the total N inputs into crop production in Switzerland. Recycled fertilizers such as biogas slurry, liquid digestates and compost enable simultaneous energy production and closing of nutrient cycles. There is evidence that recycled fertilizers can help to increase N use efficiencies and to improve N supply in organic farming. Biochar amendment has shown a potential to mitigate soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, in particular nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Here, we combine one of the liquid recycled fertilizer treatments with biochar. In a 2.5-years on-farm experiment, we quantify GHG emissions and further gaseous...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33934/1/Poster_Climate_effects_NEfosa_2018.pdf

Climate relevance of foodstuffs – what can the organic farmer do?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lindenthal, Thomas.
Over the past year the Research Institute for Organic Agriculture (FiBL) Austria has been carrying out a comprehensive study regarding the climate relevance of foodstuffs (client: “Zurück zum Ursprung”/Hofer KG and the Ministry of Agriculture). This study calculated the CO2-Emissions along the entire supply chain of 95-100 organic foodstuffs as compared to conventional foodstuffs, from the agricultural production to the supermarket branches.
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16508/1/lindenthal-2009-BIONETArtikel_englisch_endversion.pdf

Climate-friendly food
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.
Climate change is without doubt one of the greatest challenges mankind has ever faced. This is not least due to the enormous consequences that climate change will have for the world’s ecosystems and for our living conditions. At the same time, climate change is a colossal political problem, in which the world’s democracies run the risk not being able to carry out the decisions that have to be made.  The political and democratic problem builds on the very limited understanding that there is a connection between emissions of greenhouse gases, climate change and their impact on the living conditions of individual people.  In reality, there is both a spatial and a temporal separation between emissions and effects. The world’s industrialised countries, which...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16315/1/16315.pdf

CO2-eq-emissions of organic and conventional foodstuffs in Austria
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lindenthal, T.; Markut, T.; Hörtenhuber, S.; Rudolph, G.
To date 74 products (in each case KONV, Bio-ZZU and, in part Bio-EU) have been evaluated: dairy products (47 products), fruit and vegetables (currently 15 products), bread products (currently 12 products). This summary only presents the results of selected products in the KONV and Bio-ZZU categories.
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16509/1/lindenthal-etal-2009-Englische_Ueberetzung_Artikel_Grundlageninformation__1Juli09_endversion.pdf

Coltivare senza aratro - giova al suolo e al clima
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike.
Un’agricoltrice che rinuncia all’aratro può generare un arricchimento di humus e più protezione del clima. Perché il metodo funzioni è però necessario un vasto sapere nell’ambito.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32228/1/Bioattualit%C3%A0_6_2017_M.Krauss.pdf

Combined energy and feed production by thermophilic digestion of manure, grass and maize silage
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Falconi, S; Møller, Henrik B.; Ward, A.
By anaerobic digestion of crops and manure it is possible to produce energy, organic fertilizers and good quality feed with a high content of amino acids. This can be one solution to solve the problems concerning the competition between food and energy crops. At the same time, the production of energy by anaerobic digestion limits the use of fossil fuels.   In this study the productive performance of maize and grass silage in terms of biogas and CH4 yield was analysed. The variation of amino acids content of these crops and of cattle and pig manure by anaerobic digestion was studied also.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/18995/1/Poster_Sebastiano_Aljw4.ppt

Comment les fermes bio protègent le climat
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Oehen, Bernadette.
Les producteurs et productrices bio contribuent depuis longtemps à la protection du climat. De nombreuses directives de Bio Suisse vont dans cette direction: Interdiction des transports aériens, limitation des concentrés, interdiction des engrais de synthèse etc. Cette fiche technique montre les interactions entre le changement climatique et l'agriculture et présente des mesures supplémentaires pour diminuer les émissions de gaz à effet de serre dues aux entreprises agricoles biologiques.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25263/1/1579-climat.pdf

Comment on "Searchinger et al. (2018), Assessing the efficiency of changes in land use for mitigating climate change (Nature 564: 249)"
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Some days ago, the article from Searchinger et al. 2018 has been published and caused quite some discussion in the media, basically being reported to show that organic agriculture is bad for the climate.  In the following, Adrian Müller (FiBL) present some fastly written compilation of thoughts on this article and this claim from the media that reported on it.
Tipo: Other
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34496/1/mueller-2018-Comment_Searchinger-etal-2018-Nature564-249_18_12_2018.pdf

Comparative analysis of conventional and organic farming systems: Nitrogen surpluses and nitrogen losses
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kelm, Dr. Michael; Loges, Dr. Ralf; Taube, Prof. Dr. Friedhelm.
Nutrient management is a key factor for both economic viability and environmental performance of farming systems. On 32 representative conventional and organic farms in Northern Germany, nutrient management was analyzed in the interdisciplinary monitoring project “COMPASS”. Organic farms had significantly lower nitrogen (N) surpluses compared with conventional farms. The majority of organic farms had very low or even negative N surpluses, indicating insufficient N supply in the cropping system. Nitrogen leaching, however, was too high in many cases on both conventional and organic farms. Strategies for a more targeted nutrient supply in organic farming need to be developed and implemented.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/11679/1/11679.pdf

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON RUNOFF N, P FROM ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL RICE-WHEAT ROTATION FIELD IN THE TAI LAKE REGION IN CHINA
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Xi, Yunguan.
The runoff N, P from organic and conventional rice-wheat rotation field in terms of equal N input was studied through field plot test in Tai lake region. The results showed that in the rice-wheat rotation field in Tai lake region the runoff TN from organic and conventional field was 56.15kg/hm2 and 77.90kg/hm2 respectively, 27.9% less from organic field; for the runoff N coefficient, in organic field, rice season it’s 7.19% and wheat season 9.12%, in conventional field, rice season it’s 9.74% and wheat season 16.75%; the runoff TP from organic and conventional field was 2.38 kg/hm2 and 1.03 kg/hm2, respectively, 131.06 % more from organic field; for the runoff P coefficient, in organic field, rice season it’s 0.84 % and wheat season 0.14%, in conventional...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23637/1/23637-final-xi-China-1402010_MM.pdf

Comparison of organic and conventional dairy farm economic and environmental performances throughout North West Europe
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Grignard, A.; Stilmant, D.; Oenema, J; Tirard, S.; Debruyne, L.; Hennart, S.; Jamar, D.; Boonen, J.
From an environmental point of view, organic farming (OF) systems have been identified as beneficial thanks to a system allowing fewer losses of nitrogen (N) per ha and lower green house gases (GHG) emissions per ha and per ton of milk (TM). From an economic point of view, milk coming from these OF systems is sold at a higher prize. However, incomes provided by both systems are similar (for similar amount of milk produced). This may be explained by higher input costs per unit of product for OF systems and by more incomes coming from sold crops for conventional farming (CF) systems.    Therefore, on the one hand CF systems may improve their environmental performances by reducing the amount of inputs brought into the system, for example through a better...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Farm economics; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24570/1/24570.pdf

Comparison of the environmental performance of different treatment scenarios for the main phosphorus recycling sources
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hörtenhuber, Stefan Josef; Theurl, Michaela Clarissa; Möller, Kurt.
Efficient phosphorus (P) recycling from rural and urban areas is becoming an increasing issue due to the scarcity of natural P deposits. Based on a life cycle assessment (LCA), we analyzed the environmental performance of 17 different P supply and recycling approaches from urban wastes, biosolids and slaughterhouse wastes compared with the two conventional inorganic fertilizers phosphate rock and triple superphosphate. The results show that many recycled P fertilizers (RPFs; e.g., digestates from urban organic wastes, biosolids and their ashes, meat and bone meal (MBM) and its recycling products) are competitive in terms of LCA results compared with conventional P fertilizers. For each of the P recycling sources, one or more treatment options were...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions; Evaluation of inputs.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32914/1/H%C3%B6rtenhuber2018-comparison_of_the_environmental_performance_of_different_treatment_scenarios_for_the_main_phosphorus_recycling_sources.pdf

Consequences of agro-biofuel production for greenhouse gas emissions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Johansen, Anders; Haugaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.
The objective of the study was to examine the effect on N2O and CH4 emissions when residues from bio-energy production are recycling as organic fertilizer for a maize energy crop. The study showed that the N2O emission associated with the cultivation of the maize crop offset a considerable faction of the fossil CO2, which was avoided by producing the biofuels.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15844/1/15844.pdf

Consumer needs information about environmental impact of foods
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Laurinen, Jaakko.
Raisio is Finnish food and feed company. Raisio has equipped its Elovena oats with a label that indicates the CO2 emissions of the product from cultivation through processing to store warehouse.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15119/1/njf2.pdf

”Consumers’ Understandings and Perceptions of Danish Organic Aquaculture – A Mixed Method Study”
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Zølner, Anette; Ricorico, Marie; Budhathoki, Mausam; Froesch, Mel; Nielsen, Signe.
Danish organic aquaculture is growing rapidly, which is not reflected in the consumer demand for these products in Denmark. Therefore, a mixed method study was conducted with the main purpose to investigate consumers’ understandings and perceptions of Danish organic aquaculture. Convenience sampling was employed to recruit 126 participants for a web-based survey and nine were further recruited for in-depth focus group discussion. The findings from this study shows that organic fish is often mistaken for wild caught fish. Factors including price, labelling, availability &amp; information, reputation of the farmed fish, and cooking skills were identified to be influencing consumers. Despite price being a barrier, the results also showed that the majority of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Social aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33698/1/D6.4.1_%20Innovative%20development_Consumer%20perceptions.pdf

Contribution of nitrification and denitrification to N2O emissions from urine patches
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.
Urine deposition by grazing livestock causes an immediate increase in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, but the responsible mechanisms are not well understood. A nitrogen-15 (15N) labelling study was conducted in an organic grass-clover sward to examine the initial effect of urine on the rates and N2O loss ratio of nitrification (i.e. moles of N2O-N produced per moles of nitrate produced) and denitrification (i.e. moles of N2O produced per moles of N2O + N2 produced). The effect of artificial urine (52.9 g N m-2) and ammonium solution (52.9 g N m-2) was examined in separate experiments at 45 and 35% water-filled pore space (WFPS), respectively, and in each experiment a water control was included. The N2O loss derived from nitrification or denitrification was...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/14150/1/14150.pdf

Contribution of organic agriculture to macro-economic and environmental performance of the countries with economies in transition
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko.
The current agricultural operations cause a number of environmental and socio-economic problems and raise substantial ethical doubts. The call for the shift of the present agricultural paradigm and practices is acknowledged all across Europe. Ten years after the economic transition, the agricultural sector in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) still undergoes essential transformation. In spite of the policy efforts to restore the pre 90 inputs, low-external input agriculture prevails in most CEE countries. The transition to a market economy caused a huge price disparity between the agricultural commodities and agricultural inputs. The high prices of agri-chemicals and low prices of agricultural produce forced farmers to reduce agricultural inputs or refrain...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Research methodology and philosophy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/26405/7/26405.pdf

Contributions of organic farming to a sustainable environment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pfiffner, Lukas; Häring, Anna; Dabbert, Stephan; Stolze, Matthias; Piorr, A.
Summary and Conclusions  For each indicator organic farming is ranked at least equal to conventional farming, while in the majority of environmental indicators organic farming performs better or much better. In two cases, the subjective confidence interval could allow conventional farming to appear as the preferable system (partly due to the lack of evident data). However, when considering the aggregation level of the indicator categories, the analysis becomes more uniform. With the exception of climate and air, organic farming performs better than conventional farming in all categories. None of the indicator categories showed that organic farming performed worse.  A summary assessment of all indicator categories was not carried out in the table, however,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Farm economics; Policy environments and social economy; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/2943/1/pfiffner%2D2001%2Dproceedings%2Dcopenhagen.pdf

Controlled traffic farming increased crop yield, root growth, and nitrogen supply at two organic vegetable farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hefner, M.; Labouriau, R.; Nørremark, Michael; Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
Increased farm machinery weight in agricultural production results in soil compaction. Controlled traffic farming (CTF) restricts traffic to permanent lanes, thereby creating traffic free beds for crop production. Field experiments were conducted at two organic vegetable farms in Denmark, on a sandy loam (2013–2016) and on coarse sand (2013–2015) to investigate CTF effects compared with random traffic farming (RTF) on vegetable yield, root growth, and soil mineral nitrogen (N). Root growth was measured using minirhizotrons. White cabbage, potato, and beetroot yield increased by 27%, 70% and 42%, respectively, in CTF compared with RTF in 2015 and winter squash indicated a yield increase of 43% on sandy loam in 2016. White cabbage (2015) and potato, beetroot...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35456/1/Hefner%20et%20al%202019%20Controlled%20traffic%20farming.pdf

Controlled traffic farming increases root growth, crop and soil nitrogen in vegetable cropping systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hefner, M.; Labouriau, R.; Nørremark, M.; Kristensen, H. L.
Results from field trials on sandy and sandy loam of controlled traffic farming
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/35459/1/20th%2BNitrogen%2BWorkshop_2018_Final%2BProceedings%287%29.pdf

Cost and energy evaluation of organic cauliflower in sole crop and living mulch systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ortolani, Livia; Kristensen, Hanne L.; Campanelli, Gabriele; Bavec, Martina; Bavec, Franc; von Fragstein, Peter; Bergmam, Astrid; Leteo, Fabrizio; Canali, Stefano.
This paper presents the findings of an assessment aimed to evaluate, in terms of cost and energy consumption, the introduction of living mulches in different organic vegetable systems producing cauliflower. The study was carried out in three European countries (IT, SLO and DK) in the frame of the InterVeg project (Core Organic II). The achievements demonstrated that, in economic terms, farmers’ choice of a specific technique, like living mulch instead of sole cropping, can be influenced by two key elements: human labor and fossil fuel consumption. Different organic systems have a different proportion in using the two inputs depending on the specific farm strategy.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Technology assessment; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Weed management; Denmark; Italy; Europe.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23713/1/23713%20Ortolani%20et%20al.%20_ISOFAR%202014_MM.pdf

Crop yields and supply of nitrogen compared in conventional and organic farming systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Alaru, Maarika; Talgre, Liina; Eremeev, Viacheslav; Tein, Berit; Luik, Anne; Nemvalts, Anu; Loit, Evelin.
The aim of organic agriculture is to produce food of high nutritional quality in sufficient quantity. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of organic and conventional growing systems on (i) total amounts and sup-ply of N taken up or applied to plants during a five year crop cycle period and (ii) crops total dry matter (DM) yield obtained during same period. The total DM yields from the organic treatments were 25–33% smaller than from the conventional treatments. The ratio of N output/N input was significantly the smallest in the organic treatment with cattle manure, where only 37% of all supplied N was used by plants during the crop cycle period. The organic fertiliser with faster mineralisation rate and splitting the application of...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/31287/1/alaru-etal-2014-Agri_FoodSci-Vol23-issue4-p317-326.pdf

Cultiver sans labourer: Bon pour le sol, bon pour le climat
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike.
Quand un agriculteur bio renonce au labour, cela permet de former davantage d’humus et de protéger le climat. Il faut cependant bien connaître son affaire pour que ça fonctionne dans la pratique.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32225/1/Bioactualit%C3%A9s_6_2017_M.Krauss.pdf

Dairy cow defecation and urination frequency and spatial distribution in relation to time-limited grazing
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Oudshoorn, Frank; Kristensen, Troels; Nadimi, Esmaeil.
The objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of limited grazing time on urination and defecation frequency, spatial distribution of excrement in the paddock, and the resulting nitrogen balance at animal and field level. During a 6-week period in early summer, 60 Holstein Frisian dairy cows (31.0±5.4 kg ECM) were randomly allocated to three different treatments, with grazing at clover-grass pasture during daytime for 4, 6.5 or 9 h daily. Indoor feeding, with a mixture of roughage and concentrates (13% crude protein), was restricted for treatment 4 and 6.5 h to the amount the 9-h treatment could eat. Cows allowed grazing at pasture for 4 h moved more rapidly during pasture, moved longer distance per active hour and used a higher proportion of...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13856/1/13856.pdf

DCA Newsletter AU: Intensiv grøntsagsproduktion på plantebaseret gødning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
Description of the DoubleCrop project and its wider perspectives.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/35458/3/index.html

De l’eau propre dans le Lac de Zoug? 25 pourcents de fermes bio!
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schmid, Otto.
Des tapis d’algues puantes et des poissons morts avaient cho-qué il y a trente ans la population du lac de Zoug. Le canton avait réagi avec un projet à millions: un gigantesque système de tuyaux qui devait nettoyer le lac de Zoug avec de l’eau du lac des  Quatre Cantons. Des pionniers bio ont trouvé que c’était se limiter à lutter contre les symptômes et ont montré en 1987 dans une grande étude du FiBL ce que la reconversion de tout le canton à l’agriculture biologique aurait comme conséquences.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32211/1/Bioactualites_8_2017_O.Schmid.pdf

Décomposition anaérobie – peut-elle protéger le climat?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hämmerli, Franziska.
Un agriculteur fait de bonnes expériences avec un processus de décomposition sensé séquestrer beaucoup de carbone dans le sol. Les chercheurs sont sceptiques.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32744/1/Bioactualites-05-2018-haemmerli.pdf

Deep roots of Brassica oleracea have high uptake of 15N-nitrate to 2 meters soil depth
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, H.L.; Thorup-Kristensen, K.
• Deep roots may be important for uptake of NO3- by annual crops. A field experiment with the deep rooted crop curly kale (Brassica oleracea L. convar. acephala (DC.) Alef. var. sabellica L.) was performed to investigate root distribution and N uptake in deep soil layers.  • Root distribution was investigated by use of minirhizotrons and root extractions to 2.4 m depth. The capacity for crop N uptake was studied by deep 15NO3- placement followed by analysis of plant 15N content after 3-30 days.   • The atom percent 15N excess (APE) of plant samples was of similar size after uptake of 15N placed at depths in the range of 0.4-2 m. Root colonisation and start of 15N uptake were synchronized in 2.4 m depth.  • The deep roots had higher inflow of 15N compared...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7918/1/7918.pdf

Defining a land boundary for sustainable livestock consumption
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Van Zanten, Hannah H.E.; Herrero, Mario; Van Hal, Ollie; Röös, Elin; Müller, Adrian; Garnett, Tara; Gerber, Pierre J.; Schader, Christian; de Boer, Imke J.M.
The need for more sustainable production and consumption of animal source food (ASF) is central to the achievement of the sustainable development goals: within this context, wise use of land is a core challenge and concern. A key question in feeding the future world is: how much ASF should we eat? We demonstrate that livestock raised under the circular economy concept could provide a significant, nonnegligible part (9–23 g/per capita) of our daily protein needs (~50–60 g/per capita). This livestock then would not consume human‐edible biomass, such as grains, but mainly convert leftovers from arable land and grass resources into valuable food, implying that production of livestock feed is largely decoupled from arable land. The availability of these biomass...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34489/1/VanZanten-etal-2018-GlobalChangeBiology-Vol24-Issue9-p4185-4194.pdf

Der Auslauf in der ökologischen Schweinemast: Verschmutzungsverteilung und Ammoniakemissionen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mielke, Gesa; Bussemas, Ralf; Clauß, Marcus; Linke, Stefan; Weißmann, Friedrich; Georg, Heiko.
Ammonia emissions are an important problem in agricultural systems. Organic pig production raises a claim to offer high animal welfare. However, gaseous emissions can exhaust out of outdoor runs. Many measurement technics to determine the ammonia volatilization in animal facilities exist. In outdoor runs it is necessary to define the air volume flow. In addition, the contaminated surface of the pig-yard is heterogeneous. Therefore, it is interesting if the ammonia concentration correlate with the amount of manure. The outdoor run has been divided in a matrix. The ammonia concentrations are determined with a multi-gas monitor (INNOVA 1312) in combination with a dynamic chamber. The study showed a difference in ammonia volatilization between roofed and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Pigs.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/27169/1/27169_mielke.pdf

Der Einfluss symbiotischer Bodenpilze auf den Stickstoffzyklus
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bender, Franz; Conen, Franz; Neftel, Albrecht; Oberholzer, Hans-Rudolf; Olbrecht, Luise; Jocher, Markus; Rollog, Mark; van der Heijden, Marcel G.A.
To increase nutrient use efficiency and reduce nutrient losses are key aspects for sustainable agriculture. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are an import and widespread group of plant-symbiotic soil fungi. Here we investigate the role of those soil microorganisms, for effective nutrient recycling. We conducted greenhouse and lysimeter experiments to compare the cycling of important plant nutrients in systems with high and low abundance of AMF. AMF increased plant N nutrition, reduced leaching losses of mineral N, and prevented emissions of N2O, an important greenhouse gas. The results show the importance of AMF for an effective nutrient management. Farmers should implement strategies to promote AMF in the soil, as they are an indispensable compound of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21514/1/21514_Bender.pdf

Development of the ammonia emission inventory in Finland : revised model for agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Grönroos, Juha; Mattila, Pasi; Regina, Kristiina; Nousiainen, Jouni; Perälä, Paula; Saarinen, Kristina; Mikkola-Pusa, Johanna.
Ammonia emissions in Finland have remained static in recent years and no big changes can be expected in the future as long as there are no drastic alterations in animal production.    Similar to ammonia, the emissisons of nitrous oxide depend on the extent of agricultural production. For nitrous oxide the use of mineral fertilizer nitrogen is crucial, because it is the main source of the emissions.    The ammonia emission factors obtained with the revised model are compared with emission factors from some other sources.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16399/1/ammonia.pdf

Developments in greenhouse gas emissions and net energy use in Danish agriculture - How to achieve substantial CO2 reductions?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Petersen, B.M.; Petersen, Søren O.; Jørgensen, Uffe; Kristensen, Troels; Hutchings, Nicholas J.; Gyldenkerne, Steen; Hermansen, J.E.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture are a significant contributor to total Danish emissions. Consequently, much effort is currently given to the exploration of potential strategies to reduce agricultural   emissions. This paper presents results from a study estimating agricultural GHG emissions in the form of methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide (including carbon sources and sinks, and the impact of energy consumption/bioenergy production) from Danish agriculture in the years 1990-2010. An analysis of possible measures to reduce the GHG emissions indicated that a 50-70% reduction of agricultural emissions by 2050 relative to 1990 is achievable, including mitigation measures in relation to the handling of manure and fertilisers,...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Buildings and machinery; Landscape and recreation; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19044/4/19044.pdf

Die Vorteile des Öko-Landbaus für das Klima
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Fliessbach, Andreas; Schmid, Heinz; Niggli, Urs.
Die Landwirtschaft ist durch die Produktion von Kohlendioxid, Lachgas und Methan mitverantwortlich für die Klimaerwärmung. Humusreiche Bio-Böden können das Klima jedoch entlasten.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13031/1/fliessbach%2D2008%2DOeL%2D145.pdf

Die Zukunft der Agrarsysteme - welche Rolle spielt der Ökolandbau?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hermanowski, Robert.
Unumstritten ist, dass das Klima stabilisiert, das Grundwasser vor Verunreinigungen geschützt und die biologische Vielfalt erhalten werden muss. Und dass das Geld kostet, ist auch jedem klar. Es geht um Geld, viel Geld, wenn man sich den Agrarhaushalt der EU anschaut.  Aber beim Geld hört bekanntlich der Spaß auf. Dementsprechend engagiert wird die Diskussion geführt, welche Form der Landwirtschaft besonders nachhaltig ist und damit ökologische Leistungen erbringt, die entsprechend honoriert werden sollen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32621/1/KAB_2018_119_126_Hermanowski.pdf

Direkte dyrkning i tromlede
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Nielsen, Stig Feodor.
Presentation of the field trial in SoilVeg at AU-Aarslev showing roller crimping in vegetable production
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Weed management.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/32027/1/Gartnertidende%2014_26-27%20%282016%29%20Direkte%20dyrkning%20i%20tromlede%20afgr%C3%B8der.pdf

Discrimination of milk carbon footprints from different dairy farms when using IPCC Tier 1 methodology for calculation of GHG emissions from managed soils
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schueler, Maximilian; Hansen, Sissel; Paulsen, Hans Marten.
Quantification of the environmental performance of dairy farms should allow comparisons between farms. We assess whether IPCC Tier 1 methodology for emissions from soil management is sufficiently precise to analyse and differentiate the carbon footprint of milk production between practical dairy farms and whether we can correctly identify which farms have the lowest and the highest GHG emissions per product unit, respectively.  We used data from 20 Norwegian dairy farms which are very similar in structure, but differ in organic/non-organic management and the share of peat soil of their farmland.We assessed the uncertainty of the carbon footprint by running Monte Carlo simulations with the uncertainty ranges given in Tier 1 of the IPCC guidelines. The...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Production systems; "Organics" in general; Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018

Dobbeltdyrkning og plantebaserede gødninger til dyrkning af rækkeafgrøder - DoubleCrop
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
En samlet præsentation af DoubleCrop-projektet, herunder ideen om dobbeltdyrkning, anvendelse af plantebaserede gødninger, vinterjorddække og fokus på jordens frugtbarhed baseret på principperne for bæredygtige intensive økologiske dyrkningssystemer.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35467/1/Poster%20skabelon_Statusm%C3%B8de_2019%20%28002%29_DoubleCrop.pptx

DOC and DON from grass-clover - results from a field experiment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasmussen, Jim; Høgh-Jensen, Henning.
The C and N dynamics in perennial grass-clover mixtures are not fully understood although such mixtures dominate temperate grassland. The co-existence of clover and grass involves both competition for and transfer of nutrients between the species. The nutrients that are competed for and transferred may originate from leaky root systems, from a rapid turnover of the fine root systems, or from degradation of more stabile organic material.    The aim of the present study was to investigate the origin of dissolved organic C and N in perennial grass-clover mixtures. In an existing grass-clover ley, field mezotrons (cylinders with a diameter 30 cm) were installed in the spring of 2003 to depths of 20, 40 and 60 cm. Suction cups was installed beneath the...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/9128/1/9128.pdf

Does certified organic farming reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural production? Comment on the McGee study
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Aguilera, Eduardo; Skinner, Colin; Gattinger, Andreas.
A recent study by McGee (Agriculture and Human Values, 32, 255–263, 2015) from the University of Oregon has led to discussions in international media and on the web. This study addresses an interesting question and applies advanced statistics for its analysis. However, we identify several methodological flaws that invalidate the results. First, McGee tests a hypothesis that does not correspond to his main question and which does not allow McGee to derive the conclusions that are drawn in his paper and reported in the media coverage. Second, the data used are not adequate for the analysis because: i) the dependent variable does not reflect the greenhouse gas emissions characteristics of organic agriculture (e.g. different emission factors in organic and...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30373/1/Muller-etal-AgHumVal-2016.pdf

Does certified organic farming reduce greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural production? Reply to Muller et al
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: McGee, Julius Alexander.
In this comment I respond to the criticisms put forth by Muller et al. It is my assessment that the authors' make useful suggestions for future analyses. However, their conclusion regarding the invalidity of my results are based on a misconception of the goals and data used in my article.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30640/1/McGee-2016-response-to-Muller-AgrHumVal.pdf

Does modelling of spatial heterogeneity matter?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hutchings, Nicholas J.; Petersen, Bjørn M.; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Berntsen, Jørgen.
The presence of grazing animals contributes to a much greater spatial heterogeneity in the cycling of C and N within grasslands, compared to arable land. This is primarily due to the deposition of excreta in patches rather than evenly over the field. However, an additional source of heterogeneity is introduced because grazing animals do not evenly utilise the grassland. Herbage contaminated by their faeces will tend to be rejected, as will poor quality (low digestibility) vegetation. There is therefore good reason to expect that C and N cycling will be highly spatially variable in grazed grassland. Hitherto, grassland models have assumed C and N dynamics to be uniform within a field. In this paper, modelling is used to investigate the potential effect of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4132/1/4132.doc

Does Organic Farming have Greater Potential to Adapt to Climate Change?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, U.; Hepperly, P.; Fliessbach, A.; Maeder, P.
Agricultural production in most parts of the world will face less predictable weather conditions than mankind experienced during the intensification of agriculture over the last century. Especially South Asia and Southern Africa could suffer negative impact on several crops when no investments will be made into improved adaptiveness of the production systems. Besides specific technical measures (irrigation, breeding for drought improved or heat tolerant crops), the resilience of whole production systems is a very important focus.    Organic agriculture is a highly knowledge-based technique for manipulating complex agro-ecosystems, for breeding locally adjusted seeds and livestock, and for producing on-farm fertilizers and inexpensive nature-derived...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13350/2/niggli%2Detal%2D2008%2Dadaptiveness%2Dsummary.doc

Does organic livestock husbandry uses less energy and produces less greenhouse gas than conventional husbandry? Analysis in   lactating sheep farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dakpo, Hervé; LAIGNEL, G; Roulenc, M.; BENOIT, M.
We have undertaken in this work an evaluation of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the Non-Renewable Energy (NRE) consumption on a sample of 1250 farms-years, operating in sheep meat production, in either organic (OA) or conventional (CA) agriculture, over the period 1987 to 2012, based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. There was no significant difference for NRE consumption (79.6 MJ in OA and 79.7 MJ in CA, per kg of carcass); indeed the gains in OA thanks to a lower use of chemical fertilizers and purchase of lesser concentrates feed were offset by the higher level of mechanization (here fuels and equipment). For GHG emissions, we found a significant difference of 5% beneficial to organic production systems (31.1 vs. 32.7 kg CO2 eq/kg...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions; Sheep and goats; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/26232/1/Dakpo_2013_CIAG_Vol32.pdf

Doppelt! Für einen anderen Eintrag verwenden. Rezyklierte Phosphordünger - was die Branche davon hält
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bünemann-König, Else; Symanczik, Sarah; Mäder, Paul; Løes, Anne-Kristin.
Phosphor in Abwässern muss ab 2026 rückgewonnen werden. Was halten Landwirte und andere Düngeexperten davon?
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30360/1/bioaktuell_516_D13_Phosphor2.pdf

DoubleCrop: Dobbeltdyrkning og plantebaserede gødninger til dyrkning af rækkeafgrøder
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hefner, M.; Sørensen, Jørn Nygaard; de Visser, Richard; Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
Præsentation af DoubleCrop ved et avlermøde
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35461/1/190305_DoubleCrop_avlerm%C3%B8de_Margita.pdf

DoubleCrop: Såtidsforsøg med efterafgrøder
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sørensen, Jørn Nygaard.
Resultater fra et forsøg om effekten af så-tidspunkt på efterafgrøders kvælstof-optag
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35463/1/S%C3%A5tidsfors%C3%B8g%20med%20efterafgr%C3%B8der%20J%C3%B8rn%20Nygaard%20S%C3%B8rensen%2005mar2019%20PP.pptx

Driftsopplegget påvirker kuas klimaavtrykk
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Hansen, Sissel.
På en rekke områder er dagens modeller for beregning av klimagassutslipp fra drøvtyggere mangelfulle.  Type drift er avgjørende for drøvtyggernes netto klimabelastning. På et Klimaverksted ble temaet diskutert og  svakhetene med dagens system oppsummert.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30779/1/%C3%98ko_Landbruk_03_2016_Kuas_avtrykk.pdf

Drivhusgas fra energi-afgrøder
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.
Udledning af drivhusgas ved dyrkning af energiafgrøder kan ophæve en betydelig del af den drivhusgasgevinst, der er forbundet med biobrændsler.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18326/4/18326.pdf

Dutch (organic) agriculture, carbon sequestration and energy production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: van der Burgt, Ir. G.J.H.M.; Timmermans, Dr. B.G.H.; Staps, Ing. J.J.M.
Carbon sequestration in soils is often mentioned in the discussions about climate changes. In this paper the opportunities for carbon sequestration in Dutch agriculture are discussed at farm and national level. Farm internal carbon sources are already completely used in livestock farming. The effect under arable conditions is limited in time and very limited compared to national CO2 emission. External sources are scarce. Energy production out of crop residues and manure via biogas installations is possible but the overall impact is again very limited. The effect of this biogas pathway  on soil organic matter quantity and quality is not yet known. Organic arable farmers do already have a higher soil organic matter content than conventional farmers, partly...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15863/1/Carbon_sequestration.pdf

Dynamically optimal phosphorus management and agricultural water protection
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Iho, Antti; Laukkanen, Marita.
This paper puts forward a model of the role of phosphorus in crop production, soil phosphorus dynamics and phosphorus loading that integrates the salient economic and ecological features of agricultural phosphorus management. The model accounts for the links between phosphorus fertilization, crop yield, accumulation of soil phosphorus reserves, and phosphorus loading. It can be used to guide precision phosphorus management and erosion control as means to mitigate agricultural loading. Using a parameterization for cereal production in southern Finland, the model is solved numerically to analyze the intertemporally optimal combination of fertilization and erosion and the associated soil phosphorus development. The optimal fertilizer application rate changes...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16449/1/Discussion.pdf

Dyrkningssystemernes effekt på produktion og miljø
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.
Moderne landbrugssystemer har en kraftig indflydelse på det omgivende miljø, og i Danmark er der særlig fokus på nitratudvaskning og drivhusgasemissioner fra landbruget. På det globale skala er lattergas (N2O) en af de væsentlige drivhusgasser (Mosier et al., 1998), og i Danmark er landbruget langt den største kilde til udledning af lattergas. Der stilles i stigende grad krav til landbruget om-kring reduktion af drivhusgasudledningerne, og tiltag til reduktion af udledningerne af N2O og me-toder til lagring af kulstof i jorden er derfor påkrævede. Bæredygtige landbrugssystemer skal også opfylde behovet for tilstrækkelige mængder og kvalitet i fødevarerne. Økologisk jordbrug har visse fordele i disse sammenhænge, men der er også behov for forbedringer.    I...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16312/1/16312.pdf

Ecological agriculture- a way towards sustainable agricultural practice
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko; Bošnjaković, Branko.
Today, and especially in the years to come, agriculture, as well as all other human activities, will have to pay much more attention to their environmental impacts. In other words, it is expected that in the near future only technologies which care about environmental aspects will be promoted and accepted by policy makers, scientists, consumers, and society in general. This is not surprising since the environmental problems are among the most urgent ones our civilization will have to tackle and solve. This demand for more careful stewardship of environment is also acknowledged by philosophy of sustainable development - a widely recognized concept and necessity of future development.     Although established at the very beginning of this century, ecological...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Farming Systems; Nutrient turnover; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Food systems; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 1996

Ecological Agriculture: analysis of the most commonly criticised aspects
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko.
The paper provides an overview on agronomic, environmental, economic and social performance of organic farming in several EU and other countries. It also discuses most commonly criticised aspects in relation to organic farming and analyses them in an objective and non-biased manner.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Farm economics; Farming Systems; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Food systems; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 1994

Ecological Recycling Agriculture to Enhance Agro-Ecosystem Services in the Baltic Sea Region: Guidelines for Implementation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Stein-Bachinger, Karin; Reckling, Moritz; Bachinger, Johann; Hufnagel, Johannes; Wijnand, Koker; Granstedt, Artur.
Eutrophication caused by agriculture is an increasing ecological threat to the Baltic Sea. Modern, resource-efficient farming systems based on integrated plant and animal production, effective nutrient recycling and low external inputs can enhance multiple agro-ecosystem  services, resulting in reduced pollution. Practical examples of such farming systems are not widespread.  Therefore, the Baltic  Ecological Recycling  Agriculture  and Society (BERAS) Implementation project aimed to foster this systemic shift. In this paper, agronomic strategies are described to improve nitrogen (N) efficiency for the conversion to ecological recycling agriculture (ERA). First, N farm gate balances of 22 farms in conversion are presented. They showed a large variation...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/29314/1/pdf

EFFECT OF AN IN-SEASON LIVING MULCH ON LEACHING OF INORGANIC NITROGEN IN CAULIFLOWER (BRASSICA OLERACEA L. VAR. BOTRYTIS) CROPPING IN SLOVENIA, GERMANY AND DENMARK
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg; Campanelli, G.; Bavec, Franc; von Fragstein und Niemsdorff, Peter; Canali, S.; Tittarelli, F.
Vegetables with a high nitrogen demand such as cauliflower may cause intensive leaching of nitrate to the environment in conventional as well as in organic production. In organic cropping systems, the use of an in-season living mulch may decrease the risk of nitrate leaching after harvest when left growing in the field to the end of the leaching season in spring. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of growing an in-season living mulch including legumes on the risk of leaching of inorganic nitrogen over winter, and soil nitrogen availability the following spring. Three field experiments were carried out in Slovenia, Germany and Denmark in the frame of the Interveg project (CORE organic II). Evaluation of soil inorganic nitrogen content was...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23981/1/23981%20Kristensen%20et%20al_Effect%20of%20living%20mulch%20on%20N%20leaching%20in%20cauliflower_MM.pdf

Effect of nose ringing and stocking rate of pregnant and lactating outdoor sows on exploratory behavior, grass cover and nutrient loss potential
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Studnitz, M.; Strudsholm, K.; Kongsted, A.G.; Hermansen, J.E.
Nose ringing of outdoor sows is practiced to reduce grass sward damage for environmental reasons but conflicts with natural behaviour considerations. We investigated effects of ringing pregnant and lactating outdoor sows on foraging and explorative behaviour, grass cover and nutrient deposition. The experiment included both ringed and unringed sows. For unringed sows the paddocks were either used continuously throughout the experiment or divided into two and sows were moved half way through the experimental period leaving the first used paddock for regrowth. Ringing did not prevent the sow’s rooting, but rooting was less pronounced, when sows were ringed. On average, ringing increased grass cover from 14 to 38% and from 64 to 81% in paddocks with pregnant...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10043/1/10043.pdf

Effect of outdoor production, slurry management and buffer zones on phosphorus and nitrogen runoff losses from Finnish cattle farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
This thesis sums up studies on phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) losses to water from forested feedlots and slurry-amended grass fields. Moreover, different ways of mitigating the losses in a boreal climate are discussed. Studies were conducted in 1996-2008 at Jokioinen, Tohmajärvi, Ruukki and Taivalkoski.    Water samples representing surface runoff were collected from open ditches and analysed e.g. for total solids (sediment) as well as total P (TP), dissolved reactive P (DRP) and total N (TN) to estimate nutrient losses from forested feedlots with different stocking rates (animal units per hectare, AU/ha) and from slurry-amended grass. Surface runoff samples were similarly analysed to evaluate the efficacy of 10 m wide buffer zones to decrease and retain...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/16813/1/mtttiede7.pdf

Effect of rooting area and drinker in the outdoor run on behaviour and Ascaris infection of organic pigs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vermeer, Herman M.; Borgsteede, Fred H.M.; Gaasenbeek, Cor P.A.; Altena, Henk.
Hygiene is often a problem on the outdoor runs of growing organic pigs. Manure and urine are mainly excreted outside, but spread all over the run. Reduc-ing the dirty surface may improve well being, reduce ammonia emission, improve hygiene and reduce labour and parasite infections. The presence of a rooting area and of a drinker on the outdoor run were tested in a 2x2 factorial design. The pens with the rooting areas had a higher number of pigs on the outdoor run than the pens without a rooting area (1.6 vs 1.2 pigs). This was caused by more pigs in area 2 and 3. At higher temperatures there were more pigs outside, except in the root-ing area: this was popular at all temperatures.  A rooting area resulted in a cleaner outdoor area, however in some cases...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Pigs; Health and welfare; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/13722/1/Vermeer_QLIF_4%2D1%2D1%2D3_RIAH_final_report_11%2D04%2D06.pdf

EFFECTS OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION AND SEPARATION OF PIG SLURRY ON ODOR EMISSION
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Kai, Peter; Møller, Henrik B.
Storage and land application of livestock manure causes considerable odor nuisance to the surrounding neighborhood. Anaerobic digestion and separation of slurry change composition and physical properties of slurry and may therefore lessen the odor pollution during storage and land application. An experiment was set up to study the effects of anaerobic digestion and separation of slurry on the emission of odor. Odor concentration above treated and untreated slurry was compared during storage and following land application using GC/MS analysis and dynamic dilution olfactometry. Slurry concentrations of malodorous volatile fatty acids were reduced by between 79 to 97% by anaerobic digestion, while concentrations of malodorous phenolic and indolic odor...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/5614/1/5614_ny.pdf

Effects of conventional and organic land use types on water protection criteria in Germany
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kolbe, Hartmut.
The mean values and ranges of several water protection criteria were calculated for arable land, grassland and forests in Germany on the basis of research work and the literature. By additional evaluation steps, relationships and efficiency coefficients were calculated for the different types of land use. Methods of balance calculations are proposed as preventive strategies for efficient water protection.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15628/1/kolbe%2D09%2Dwater%2Dprotection%2Dcriteria.pdf

Effects of digestate from anaerobic digested cattle slurry and plant materials on soil microbiota and fertility
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.
Anaerobic digestion of animal manure and crop residues may be employed to produce biogas as a climate-neutral source of energy to provide fertilizers which allow recycling of plant nutrients on the farm. However, compared to fertilizing with the pristine input materials (e.g. raw animal slurry or plant residues), the effect on soil microbiota and soil fertility may be impacted due to the increased content of mineral nitrogen (N) and decreased amount of organic carbon (C); an issue of concern in especially organic farming systems.  An incubation study was performed where 1) water, 2) raw cattle slurry, 3) anaerobically digested cattle slurry + maize, 4) anaerobically digested cattle slurry + grass-clover, or 5) fresh grass-clover was applied to soil at...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20446/4/20446.pdf

Effects of digestate from anaerobic fermented cattle slurry and plant materials on soil microbiota and fertility
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.; Jensen, Erik Steen; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Ambus, Per.
Soil from the Højbakkegård experimental (BioConcens) field  was amended with nothing (control), each of two anaerobic digested (AD) materials (mixture of AD cattle manure and maize, mixture of AD cattle manure and cut off grass-clover material), raw cattle manure, and grass-clover in five individual treat-ments. The materials were incorporated homogeneously into the soil and sampled destructively at 0, 1, 3 and 9 days after incorporation. Besides, experiments were performed to follow the turnover of these materials, measured as accumulated respiration over a longer period. Measures included available organic soil carbon (cold- and hot-water extractable), soil mineral nitrogen concentration, soil pH, accumulated respiration over a two-week period, emission...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18894/7/18894.pdf

Effects of farm heterogeneity and methods for upscaling on modelled nitrogen losses in agricultural landscapes
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy; Hutchings, Nicholas J.; Dragosits, U.; Olesen, J.E.; Kjeldsen, Chris; Drouet, J.L.; Cellier, P.
The aim of this study is to illustrate the importance of  farm scale heterogeneity on nitrogen (N) losses in  agricultural landscapes. Results are exemplified with a chain of N models calculating farm-N balances and distributing the N-surplus to N-losses (volatilisation, denitrification, leaching) and soil-N accumulation/release in a Danish landscape. Possible non-linearities in upscaling are assessed by comparing average model results based on (i) individual farm level calculations and (ii) averaged inputs at landscape level. Effects of the non-linearities that appear when scaling up from farm to landscape are demonstrated.  Especially in relation to ammonia losses the non-linearity between livestock density and N-loss is significant (p &gt; 0.999), with...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Landscape and recreation; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19043/4/19043.pdf

Effects of grazing strategy to limiting nitrate leaching in grazed grass-clover pastures on coarse sandy soil
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.; Søegaard, K.; Kristensen, K.
Urinations of ruminants on grazed pastures increase the risk of nitrate leaching. The study investigated the effect of reducing the length of the grazing season on nitrate leaching from a coarse sandy, irrigated soil during 2006-2007. In both years precipitation was above the long-term mean. The experiment was initiated in a 4-year-old grass-clover in south Denmark. Three treatments were included: grazing only (G), spring cut followed by grazing (CG) and both spring and autumn cuts with summer grazing (CGC). Nitrate leaching was calculated by extracting water isolates from 80 cm depth using ceramic suction cups. Because of considerable variation in measured nitrate concentrations, the 32 installed suction cups per treatment were insufficient to reveal...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20649/7/20649.pdf

Effects of green manure storage and incorporation methods on greenhouse gas fluxes and N mineralization after soil application
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Sørensen, Peter; Petersen, Søren O.; Ambus, Per.
Organic arable farming faces challenges with low crop yields, partly due to inefficient use of green manure-derived nitrogen (N). Under current farming practices, green manure leys are often cut and mulched during the growing season with the associated risk of environmental N losses, leading to eutrophication and global warming. In this 3-month incubation experiment, we tested a new green manure management strategy as part of the ICROFS project HighCrop. With the new strategy, green manure leys are instead harvested and preserved until the following spring either as compost mixed with straw (grass-clover:straw, 4:1, w:w) or as silage of harvested ley biomass. In spring, these two green manure materials can then be used for targeted fertilization of spring...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25941/19/25941a.pdf

Effects of green manure storage and incorporation methods on nitrogen release and N2O emissions after soil application
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Sørensen, Peter; Petersen, Søren O.; Ma, Xiuzhi; Ambus, Per.
More efficient use of green manure-derived nitrogen (N) may improve crop yields and reduce environmental impacts in stockless organic arable farming. In this 3-month incubation study, we tested a new strategy where green manure leys are harvested and preserved until the following spring either as compost mixed with straw or as silage of harvested ley biomass. Grass-clover compost or silage was soil-incorporated by either simulated ploughing (green manure placed at 15 cm depth) or harrowing (green manure mixed into the upper 5-cm soil horizon) in order to assess treatment effects on net release of plant-available N, nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, and soil respiration. Grass-clover silage provided the highest net N release with similar results for the two...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25158/7/25158.pdf

Effects of green manure storage and incorporation methods on nitrogen release and N2O emissions after soil application
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Sørensen, Peter; Petersen, Søren O.; Ma, Xiuzhi; Ambus, Per.
More efficient use of green manure-derived nitrogen (N) may improve crop yields and reduce environmental impacts in stockless organic arable farming. In this 3-month incubation study, we tested a new strategy where green manure leys are harvested and preserved until the following spring either as compost mixed with straw (grass-clover:straw, 4:1, w:w) or as silage of harvested ley biomass. Grass-clover compost or silage was soil-incorporated by either simulated ploughing (green manure placed at 15 cm depth) or harrowing (green manure mixed into the upper 5-cm soil horizon) in order to assess treatment effects on net release of plant-available N, nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, and soil respiration. Grass-clover silage provided the highest net N release with...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24960/7/24960.pdf

Effects of green manure storage and incorporation methods on nitrogen release and N2O emissions after soil application
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Sørensen, Peter; Petersen, Søren O.; Ma, Xiuzhi; Ambus, Per.
More efficient use of green manure-derived nitrogen (N) may improve crop yields and reduce environmental impacts in stockless organic arable farming. In this 3-month incubation study, we tested a new strategy where green manure leys are harvested and preserved until the following spring either as compost mixed with straw or as silage of harvested ley biomass. Grass-clover compost or silage was soil-incorporated by either simulated ploughing (green manure placed at 15 cm depth) or harrowing (green manure mixed into the upper 5-cm soil horizon) in order to assess treatment effects on net release of plant-available N, nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, and soil respiration. Grass-clover silage provided the highest net N release with similar results for the two...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/27643/25/Carter%20et%20al.%202014_BFOS.pdf

Effects of green manure storage and incorporation methods on nitrogen release and N2O emissions after soil application
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Sørensen, Peter; Petersen, Søren O.; Ma, Xiuzhi; Ambus, Per.
More efficient use of green manure-derived nitrogen (N) may improve crop yields and reduce environmental impacts in stockless organic arable farming. In this 3-month incubation study, we tested a new strategy where green manure leys are harvested and preserved until the following spring either as compost mixed with straw or as silage of harvested ley biomass. Grass-clover compost or silage was soil-incorporated by either simulated ploughing (green manure placed at 15 cm depth) or harrowing (green manure mixed into the upper 5-cm soil horizon) in order to assess treatment effects on net release of plant-available N, nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, and soil respiration. Grass-clover silage provided the highest net N release with similar results for the two...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/26717/13/Carter%20et%20al.%202014_BFOS_online.pdf

Effects of plant residues on crop performance, N mineralisation and microbial activity including field CO2 and N2O fluxes in unfertilised crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Hansen, E.M.; Olesen, J.E.
The impacts of crop rotation and input of organic matter in the form of green manure crops, straw residues and incorporation of catch crops on crop yield, nitrogen uptake, microbial biomass and activity was studied in unfertilised crop rotations differing in input of plant residues, i.e. high-input rotations with a grass-clover crop and catch crops included and low-input cereal rotations without catch crops. The parameters studied included substrate induced respiration (SIR), hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA), arylsulfatase activity (ASA), N mineralisation, N2O emission, and soil respiration. These parameters were measured in bare soil plots, to estimate the effects of previous years crops and input of plant residues. In neighbouring plots crop...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4012/1/Vinther%2C_Hansen_Olesen_2004.pdf

Effects of separation and anaerobic digestion of slurry on odour and ammonia Emission during Subsequent Storage and land application
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Birkmose, Torkild S.; Mortensen, Børge; Skaaning, Kent.
A study was set up to investigate the environmental effects of anaerobic digestion and separa-tion of slurry. Volatilisation of odour and ammonia from treated and untreated slurry were compared both during storage and following land application. It was found that ammonia volatilisation was higher from uncovered stores of anaerobically digested and separated slurry than from untreated slurry, however, when slurry stores were covered efficiently, the loss rate was low and equal for treated and untreated slurry. Ammonia volatilisation following land application was found to be lower from both anaerobically digested and separated slurry compared to untreated slurry. Treatment of slurry by anaerobic digestion and separation did not reduce odour nuisances during...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5617/1/5617.pdf

Effekt av gjødsling og kjørebelastning på lystgassproduksjon
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Bleken, Marina A.; Sitaula, Bishal.
Lystgass (N20) er en viktig bidragsyter til den globale oppvarmingen. Kombinasjonen kjøreskadd, våt jord og rikelige mengder lettløselig nitrogen er svært uheldig og har i enkelte år ført til tap av nitrogen og stor lystgassproduksjon selv ved bruk av moderate mengder kunstgjødsel og moderat kjørebelastning.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5751/1/gk9_2_hansen_148_152.pdf

Effekter av kjemiske sprøytemidler
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Koesling, Matthias; Serikstad, Grete Lene.
Mattilsynet analyserer matvarer for rester av kjemisk-syntetiske sprøytemidler, og finner årlig flere prøver med rester over og under grenseverdiene. I tillegg til ønsket effekt av midlene på ulike skadegjørere kan også uønska og skadelige bieffekter på mennesker og dyr oppstå. I økologisk landbruk brukes ikke slike midler.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10602/1/Tema_13_2007_Effekter_av_kjemiske_sproeytemidler.pdf

Effizientes Stickstoffmanagement mindert Nitrataustrag
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Stickstoff stellt in der landwirtschaftlichen Flächennutzung den zentralen Nährstoff für die Ertrags- und Qualitätsbildung dar, ist aber auch das Element der mit den größten Umweltwirkungen. Der Ökologische Landbau weist in vielen Vergleichsuntersuchungen geringere Nitratausträge auf. Aber es gibt Schwachpunkte, die mit gezielten Strategien auszuräumen sind.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/2219/1/2219%2Dhaas%2DLE%2DN%2DManagement.pdf

Efterafgrøder i majs - hvor svært kan det være?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, E.M.
Klimaændringer og majs hører sammen, ligesom klimaændringer og risiko for udvaskning formentlig hører sammen. Noget tyder på, at dyrkning af majs og risiko for udvaskning også hører sammen. I et forsøg på grovsandet jord, hvor der blev høstet godt 13 tons tørstof pr. ha, blev der udvasket 86 kg N pr. ha i ugødet majs efter kløvergræs. Der er derfor god grund til at benytte dyrkningsmetoder, der effektivt kan reducere risikoen for udvaskning efter majs. Udlæg af efterafgrøder er en oplagt mulighed, da efterafgrøder er en velkendt metode til at redu-cere udvaskningen – så hvor svært kan det være?
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17878/1/17878.pdf

Eignung des ökologischen Landbaus zur Minimierung des Nitrataustrags ins Grundwasser
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Wilbois, Klaus-Peter; Scerencsits, Manfred; Hermanowski, Robert.
This study analyses the specific literature and examines the suitablilty of the organic croping system with special consideration of the situation in Lower Franconia to minimise the leaching of nitrate into the ground water. Furthermore, it outlines a framework for a campagne to extent organic farming in Lower Franconia.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions; Soil tillage.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/13270/1/Studie_Wasserschutz_%C3%96ko%2DLandbau_KPW_et_al.pdf

Einfluss der ökologischen Bewirtschaftung auf die Nitratstickstoffgehalte im Boden
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gruber, Harriet; Thamm, Uwe; Michel, Volker.
The following paper discribe the influence of ecological managed systems on contents of nitrate-nitrogen in soils. From 1993 to 2003 in a six-year crop rotation in the location of Gülzow (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) samples of soil were taken with an soil auger in a depth between 0 and 90 cm. Nitrate-nitrogen contents was analyzed by hydrazin reduction in an analysing automat (SKALAR). For statistical evaluation SAS (Statistical Analysis System) and for clearing of unorthogonal data procedure MIXED of PIEPHO and MICHEL (2001) were used.  The results show that contents of nitrate-nitrogen in autumn and spring are lower for organic management than for conventional. Nitrogen losses during winter are subjected to heavy annual variations. High contents of...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/5129/1/h33%2D08.pdf

Einfluss der Spaltenbodenreinigung in einem Rinderstall auf die Ammoniakemissionen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Retz, Stefanie; Georg, Heiko; Van den Weghe, Herman.
Ammonia emissions from barns have a severe impact on the environment. Especially dairy cattle, kept in loose housing, contribute to the total emission of ammonia up to 50%. Soiled walking areas like slatted floors, are realised as one of the main sources of the emission. In this study, a special cleaning device was used in order to remove manure from a slatted floor in an organically run dairy barn. It was investigated how the combination of a rubber-scraper, mechanical star discharge rotors and high-pressure water nozzles affects the ammonia emission from the floor. Six concrete test elements (55cm x 62cm x 20cm) were cut out of the existing slatted floor in order to be able to separate them from other sources of ammonia emission in the barn. With a...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/17381/3/Retz_17381.pdf

Einfluss fermentierter organischer Dünger auf Spurengasemissionen im Ökologischen Pflanzenbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schauss, Kristina; Ratering, Stefan; Schnell, Sylvia.
Agriculture belongs to the major sources of the trace gases nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4). However, little is known about the contribution of the increasing area of organically managed arable soils in organic farming systems to the greenhouse gas emissions.  The objective of our study was the quantification of the in-situ N2O- and CH4- emissions in common organic crop cultivation without livestock. In comparison to this control variant, we focused on the manuring effect of fermented herbal organic matter on the emissions (biogas variant). The straw of the crops and the growth of the intercrops were harvested, fermented in a biogas reactor and applied as fertilizer on the field when the nutrient demand of the crops occurred.  The results obtained in...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/3447/1/3447.pdf

Einfluss von Milchleistung und Nutzungsdauer auf den Product Carbon Footprint von Milch bei ökologisch wirtschaftenden Betrieben in Süddeutschland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Menzel, Friederike; Kiefer, Lukas; Over, Ralf; Bahrs, Enno.
Quantification and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is an intensively discussed topic. For dairy farms many studies consider a higher milk yield per cow for greenhouse gas mitigation but this often results in a reduction in herd fertility and thus more heifers are needed which may lead to more emissions in total. This paper presents the Product Carbon Footprint of 36 organic dairy farms and analyses the influence of milk yield per cow and longevity of dairy cows. Results are: (1) a product carbon footprint of 1,61 kg CO2eq/kg fat and protein corrected milk on average, (2) increasing milk yield per cow causes decreasing product carbon footprints (coefficient of determination 48 %) and (3) decreasing longevity per cow causes decreasing product carbon...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/26923/1/26923_menzel.pdf

Einfluss von Zwischenfrüchten auf Lachgasverluste und  Nitratauswaschung im ökologischen Marktfruchtbau in Abhängigkeit von der Vorfrucht
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Böldt, M.; Loges, Ralf; Kluss, Cristof; Taube, Friedhelm.
All-arable organic farming systems, especially when they are working without organic fertilizer, are often in challenge with their nutrient management to fulfill the requirements of crops. In this context one of the main issues is to mitigate nutrient losses. Here the use of catch crops may one strategy to counteract against this. We hypothesized that under the climate conditions of north-west Germany winter hard catch crops are more suitable to reduce nitrogen (N) losses than catch crops killed by frost, here especially with cereals or legumes as previous crop. In a field experiment in 2015/16 we tested 3 different catch crops (grown in pure stand and in mixture with legumes) after peas and triticale for their nitrogen loss paths over the winter period....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31876/1/Einfluss%20von%20Zwischenfr%C3%BCchten%20auf%20Lachgasverluste%20und.pdf

Emission and production of greenhouse gases and ammonia during storage of solids separated from pig slurry: effects of covering
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Henriksen, Kaj; Sommer, Sven G.
Separation of slurry produces a solid fraction that is stored in manure heaps before being used as a fertiliser in crop production. Considerable amounts of ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gases may be emitted during storage, which has deleterious environmental effects. The emission levels can be expected to depend on oxygenation level inside the bulk of the stored manure and therefore on storage conditions. An experiment was thus set up to study gaseous emissions during storage of the solid fraction, and the effects of the oxygenation of manure heaps on emissions of NH3 and various greenhouse gases. Emissions of NH3 and the greenhouse gases methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from an uncovered and covered heap of solids separated from...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/5615/1/5615_ny.pdf

Emission of Climate-Relevant Gases in Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kuestermann, B.; Huelsbergen, K.-J.
In 81 commercial farms in Germany, emissions of the greenhouse gases CO2, CH4 and N2O from crop production have been computed by model-based analyses. The considered influence factors comprise farm structure, mass and energy inputs as well as cultivation methods. A linear correlation was found between energy input and greenhouse gas potential. Due to lower N and energy inputs and also higher C sequestration as a result of humus restoration, the organic farms revealed area-related emissions (785 kg CO2 eq ha-1 a-1) that were 2.75 times lower than the emissions from conventional farms (2165 kg CO2 eq ha-1 a-1).
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12813/1/12813.pdf

Emissionen aus der Bio-Milchrindhaltung (Workshop)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bieber, Anna.
Im biologischen Landbau spielt das Rind auf Grund seiner Veredelungsfunktion für Grünlandressourcen und auf Grund seines hochwertigen Düngers eine besondere Rolle. Allein in Deutschland werden auf 20%, in der Schweiz gar auf knapp 40% der Biobetriebe Milchkühe gehalten.  Wegen ihrer niedrigeren durchschnittlichen Milchleistungen sowie des starken Einsatzes von Grundfutter wird die Umweltwirkung der Bio-Milchrindhaltung aktuell verstärkt kritisch diskutiert. Wissenschaftliche Vergleiche von konventionellen und biologischen Milchviehsystemen in Hinblick auf ihre Umweltwirkung haben jedoch je nach Einbeziehung unterschiedlicher Einflussgrößen und variierender Definitionen von Systemgrenzen zu uneinheitlichen Ergebnissen geführt.  Nach kurzen Impulsreferaten...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/14291/1/WS13_Emissionen_14291.pdf

Emissionen senken, Kohlenstoff binden: Bio-Landbau ist gefragt
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, Urs.
Einführung  Von der Landwirtschaft verursachte Treibhausgase sind Methan (CH4), Lachgas (N2O) und Kohlendioxid (CO2).Methan entsteht vor allem aus der Viehhaltung, beim Reisanbau in zeitweise stehendem Wasser und in verdichteten landwirtschaftlichen Böden. Die Freisetzung von Lachgas wird durch hohe Nitratgehalte sowie verdichtete Böden begünstigt.  Auch beim Kohlendioxid ist der Beitrag der Landwirtschaft erheblich.        Schlussfolgerungen  Die Schwachpunkte des Öko-Landbaus aus Sicht des Klimaschutzes können behoben werden, wenn die nötige Forschung zielstrebig angegangen wird.Arbeiten der Universität Stuttgart-Hohenheim mit der Züchtungsfirma KWS haben gezeigt, dass eine züchterische Bearbeitung von Kulturpflanzen unter den Bedingungen des...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/8558/1/niggli%2D2007%2Dklima.pdf

Emissionen senken,Kohlenstoff binden: Bio-Landbau ist gefragt
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, Urs.
Die Landwirtschaft ist für 15 Prozent, die gesamte Lebensmittelbranche für 20 Prozent der weltweiten Treibhausgasemissionen verantwortlich.Wie kann der Bio-Landbau zur Abschwächung des Klimawandels beitragen?
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11105/1/niggli%2D2007%2DOEL_143%2Dklimawandel.pdf

Emissions of nitrous oxide from arable organic and conventional cropping systems on two soil types
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chirinda, N.; Carter, M.S; Albert, K.R.; Ambus, P.; Olesen, J.E.; Porter, J.R.; Petersen, S.O.
Conventional cropping systems rely on targeted short-term fertility management, whereas organic systems depend, in part, on long-term increase in soil fertility as determined by crop rotation and management. Such differences influence soil nitrogen (N) cycling and availability through the year. The main objective of this study was to compare nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) within three organic and one conventional cropping system that differed in type of fertilizer, presence of catch crops and proportion of N2-fixing crops. The study was replicated in two identical long-term crop rotation experiments on sandy loam soils under different climatic conditions in Denmark (Flakkebjerg–eastern Denmark and...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18510/1/chirinda_et_al_2010_%28N2O%29.pdf

Emissionsreduktion bei Haltung auf Spaltenböden: Bewertung eines neuartigen Reinigungsverfahrens
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Georg, Heiko; Retz, Stefanie.
Die Laufstallhaltung von Rindern trägt in hohen Maß zu den Gesamtemission von Ammoniak bei. Als eine wichtige Quelle können Laufflächen wie Spaltenböden angesehen werden. Daher war das Ziel der Untersuchungen, die Auswirkungen eines Reinigungssytems für Spaltenboden auf die Ammoniakemissionen in der Rinderhaltung zu bewerten. Das Reinigunsgerät stellt eine Kombination von Hochdruck- Wasserdüse, mechanische Sternewalze und einem Gummischieber dar.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19663/1/657_OEL_Beitrag_Georg_Retz_Bautagung_Gumpenstein_2011.pdf

Energieeffizienz im ökologischen Landbau – am Beispiel der Wertschöpfungskette „Brot“ –
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Prem, Werner; Hechenbichler, Johannes; Lörcher, Michael; Manhart, Hugo; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
For the Hofpfisterei, one of biggest eco-bakery in Germany, the communication of the sustainable production of their bread plays an important role. The Hofpfisterei wants to introduce an environmental management over the supply chain, in order to improve among other things the energy efficiency. The potential is determined by a test net of organic farms by means of life cycle assessment. The reduction of energy input on the farms is to be judged as small. On the other hand the potential is high for energy output. The results show, that alone by the use of the clover grass in the market fruit farms, the energy outputs can be increased clearly. The goal of an energy autarky over supply chain can be achieved by this.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Produce chain management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/9591/1/9591_Prem_Vortrag.pdf

Energy balance of different organic biogas farming systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Helbig, S.; Küstermann, B.; Hülsbergen, K.-J.
The ecological impact of biogas plants depends on their integration into a given farming system. Therefore only farm-specific and no general statements are possible. In this paper, two different concepts of biogas production for an organic cash crop farm have been energetically balanced using a model software. The analysis of input and efficient use of fossil energy carriers provides information on the environmental relevance of the farm operations. Apart from this, renewable energy production in the farming systems is compared to food production, and changes in the farm output are described. It turns out that organically run cash crop farms can benefit from a reasonable integration of a biogas plant, both in food crop and energy production. An increased...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12652/1/12652.pdf

Energy efficiency of fossil and renewable fuels
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schäfer, Winfried.
Assessment results of renewable energy supply in agriculture and forestry are often questionable because 1. the methodology does not describe the nature dependent conditions of agricultural production, 2. there is no standard system boundary, 3. thermodynamic laws are violated and/or ignored, 4. direct and embodied energy is mixed, 5. the mainstream life cycle analysis (LCA) takes downstream and upstream inputs arbitrarily  into  consideration,  depending  on  the  research  objectives  and  the  research-funding  agency. Thus, the calculation results neglect a wide range of specific energy input figures of upstream and downstream factors outside farm level resulting in non-comparable figures.    The EROI describes the ratio between energy output and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016

Energy use in organic farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Smith, L.G.; Williams, A.G.; Pearce, B.D.
Limited fossil fuel reserves, growing populations and rising input prices highlight the importance of increasing the efficiency of food production systems and reducing GHG emissions.  GHG emissions from fossil fuel use in agriculture are important along with the production of CH4 and N2O. In this context, organic agriculture has developed with an emphasis on resource use efficiency. The relative energy efficiencies of organic and non-organic farming were compared through a review of 50 studies including direct on-farm use and embedded energy in inputs.   Organic systems use less fossil-fuel energy on a unit of land area basis for nearly all crop and livestock types, although results are more variable per unit of product.  In many cases the difference can...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23615/1/23615%20Energy%20use%20in%20organic%20farming_MM.pdf

Energy use in organic farming systems (OF0182)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Cormack, Dr William F.
This is the final report of Defra project OF0182. The attached main report starts with a more detailed Executive Summary, from which most of this text is extracted.  One of the possible benefits from organic farming is a reduced, or more efficient, use of energy in agriculture. The main objective and deliverable of study OF0182 was to develop a model of energy inputs in organic farming systems. To illustrate the potential of the model, it was used to contrast organic with similar conventional systems and to highlight important differences. This was presented as a detailed written report (49 pages) to MAFF and is summarised in this document. The report and model were delivered to MAFF in March 2000.  A previous study, completed by Phil Metcalfe of ADAS in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/8169/1/OF0182_181_FRP.pdf

Engrais phosphatés de recyclage - Ce que le secteur bio en pense
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bünemann-König, Else; Symanczik, Sarah; Mäder, Paul; Løes, Anne-Kristin.
Le phosphore contenu dans les eaux usées devra être récupéré dès 2026. Qu’en pensent agriculteurs et experts?
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30359/1/bioactualites_516_Phosphor.pdf

Enhancing GHG balances in organic farms by integration of new bio-energy crop concepts
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Paulsen, Hans Marten.
Chances to increase the efficiency of the plant production of organic farms by increasing of land equivalent ratios (LER), yield advances by nutrient recycling and the use of typical by-products of organic production in bio-energy cropping concepts are described. Mixed cropping with oil crops and the integration of hedges offer chances to increase land use efficiency, decrease GHG emissions and to simultaneously uphold food production.
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/17119/1/11_Paulsen.pdf

Entropy of energy crops and GHG mitigation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schäfer, Winfried.
The photosynthesis process generates beside carbon hydrates also complex chemical compounds. The artificial synthesis of such compounds is often impossible or may require high energy input compared to their heat value. In other words, the entropy of energy crops is low compared to fossil fuels. This fact is usually neglected in energy analysis of bio fuels resulting in questionable political decisions concerning renewable energy. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the GHG mitigation potential of e.g. fibre crops may be enhanced using them first as raw material for commercial products before processing to fuel at the end of their lifetime. For example, reed canary grass may be used for paper production and after recycling, the used paper can...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Technology assessment; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19458/1/Entropy_of_energy_crops_and_GHG_mitigation_s.pdf

Entwicklung eines Methodologie-Tools für CO2-Zertifikate im Rahmen einer bench-markbasierten N-Reduktion in der Schweizer Landwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Meier, Matthias; Horka, Patrick; Heeb, Florian.
Im folgenden Bericht wird eine erste Analyse verschiedener Bausteine sowie eine gesamthafte Beurteilung des Potenzials einer benchmarkbasierten Methodologie unternommen, um bodenbürtige Lachgasemissionen aus der Landwirtschaft zu reduzieren und daraus CO2-Zertifikate für die Kompensation unter den Aktivitäten der Stiftung KliK zu generieren. Der Fokus in diesem Bericht liegt auf einem neuen Berechnungstool für bodenbürtige Lachgasemissionen auf der Ebene von Landwirtschaftsbetrieben als grundlegender Baustein für entsprechende Offset-Methodologien.   Dies ist der Abschlussbericht einer Vorstudie zu dieser Thematik, der bei positiver Beurteilung des Potenzials dieses Zugangs eine vertiefte Hauptstudie und Umsetzungsphase für eine solche...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25706/1/N-Reduktionsmethodologie_Endversion2014_04_08_Web.pdf

Environmental and economic consequences of large-scale conversion to organic farming in Croatia
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko.
Organic farming is a rapidly growing sector both in Croatia and elsewhere. However, there is some concern as to what a widespread adoption of organic farming would bring to society as a whole. The costs and benefits of this development and the associated trade-offs are largely unknown and have hardly been explored. There is a vast body of evidence showing that organic farming in most cases environmentally outperforms non-organic systems. However, organic farming is associated with lower yields and its further expansion might lead to job losses in some other sectors and potentially jeopardise the overall economic strength of a country.    This research presents an attempt to assess the environmental and economic consequences of the large-scale adoption of...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2008

Environmental and economic modelling of organic, stockless, horticultural crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schmutz, Dr Ulrich; Rayns, Dr Francis; Firth, Mr Chris; Rosenfeld, Dr Anton; Thorup-Kristensen, Dr Kristian; Zhang, Dr Kefeng; Rahn, Dr Clive.
Selected results from the ongoing “EU-Rotate_N” research project are presented. This EU 5th-framework project is developing a model-based decision support system to optimise nitrogen use in horticultural crop rotations across Europe. This paper introduces the economic and the fertility-building crops sub-models, and shows data from model validation and first model runs on an organic farm in central England. Preliminary results show that the model has the potential to be a powerful support tool for farmers and advisors, making decisions on rotational plan-ning. The economic, agronomic and environmental consequences of different rotational designs can be projected and assessed in detail.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions; Farm economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7292/1/Schmutz_et_al_(2006)_Environmental_%26_economic_modelling.pdf

Environmental impact and macro-economic feasibility of organic agriculture in the Danube River Basin
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko; Kieft, Henk.
Several studies from the mid-nineties pointed to agriculture as the single biggest nutrient polluter of the surface water in the Danube River Basin (Haskoning, 1994). Following these findings, the EU Phare programme awarded in 1995 a four-year education and research project aimed at introducing and assessing feasibility of organic agriculture in three Danube River countries: Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania. So far it is the biggest and most elaborate project on organic agriculture ever implemented in these three countries. The project consisted of a spectrum of training, on-farm demonstration and research/study activities, and prepared strategy papers for policy redesigning. The studies and research performed assessed the impact of organic agriculture on (i)...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management; Knowledge management.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/26413/1/books.jpg

Environmental Impacts and Economic Differences in grassland based Organic Dairy Farms in Germany – Modelling the Extremes
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller-Lindenlauf, Maria; Deittert, Christine; Köpke, Prof. Ulrich.
Differences in environmental impact and economic returns between intensive and low-input organic dairy production are investigated using two simplified model farms with different amounts of concentrates being fed. In four scenarios, ecological and economic effects of restricting the more intensive farm management practice beyond the existing regulations of organic farming are analysed. In the initial situation, the intensive farm has a financial advantage of about 600.00 € per ha compared with the low-input farm, while the environmental risks caused by its production system are higher in several Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) categories. We showed for the model case that limiting livestock density and using regional grown concentrates bring about considerable...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions; Farm economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/11815/1/11815.pdf

Environmental impacts of grazed pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Ledgard, S.; Lou, J.; Schils, R.; Rasmussen, J.
Large nitrogen (N) surplus and return of excreta-N in localised patches at high N rates in intensively grazed pasture systems markedly increases the risk of N losses to waterways and the atmosphere. Here are described the main routes of N input to grazed pastures, losses via N leaching, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Furthermore farm N budgets and N use efficiency in relation to management strategies that can be applied to reduce N losses are discussed. Nitrate leaching increases exponentially with increased inputs and is closely related to urine patches, which also influence the leaching of dissolved organic N. High N2O emission rates in grazed pastures are related to fertiliser-N or N in excreta combined with compaction by animal...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17879/4/17879.pdf

Environmental impacts of organic farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Many farming practices used in organic farming reduce the risk of nutrient losses to environment, especially the absence of inorganic fertilizer inputs, which decreases the leaching risk of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). However, frequent use of animal manure and leguminous crops may induce excessive release of nitrate N in soil during periods when the uptake of N by crop is low. The lower yield level obtained in organic farming compared with conventional farming may further reduce the beneficial environmental impacts, if they are calculated per yield instead of per hectare. In Finland, the area under organic farming increased rapidly in the 1990's from 1.1% (1994) to 7.1% (2002). Despite the large support given to organic farming there has been no...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

Environmental life cycle assessment of organic grass protein from multispecies mixtures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Dorca-preda, Teodora; Djomo, Sylvestre Njakou; Kristensen, Troels; Ambye-Jensen, Morten; Møller, Henrik B.; Dupont, Y.L.; Cong, W-F; Eriksen, Jørgen.
Including grass leys in organic arable rotations has potentially several benefits such as suppression of certain weeds, increased biodiversity (i.e. pollinators), increased soil carbon sequestration and productivity among others. The biomass from the grass mixtures can be refined into protein feed concentrate for monogastrics that can partly replace imported soybean, while the fibre fraction can be used as ruminant feed or for biogas. The grass mixtures can also be used directly for biogas. Increasing diversity of the mixtures will potentially also increase the yield stability and the benefits for biodiversity (pollinators), while the number of cuts per year will also have an effect. Thus, the use of multispecies mixtures in organic arable rotation for...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://orgprints.org/35188/1/Knudsen%20et%20al.%20%28manuscript%29%20Environmental%20LCA%20of%20organic%20grass%20protein.doc

Erfassung gasförmiger Emissionen vom Auslauf eines  Jungviehstalles mittels aktiver Probenahmehaube
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Winter, T.; Linke, Stefan.
Open stable systems with outdoor yards are used in organic cattle farming. Until now there are no emission factors in Germany for outdoor yards of dairy barns or of cattle  barns generally. The measuring of the emission potential of gaseous substances (NH3, CO2, N2O and CH4) is difficult because of the size of the outdoor yards and the direct access by climate. One possibility to measure those emissions is the use of an active sampling hood. The sampling hood provides defined laminar exhaust airflow.  The product of flow rate and concentration results in the emission mass flow. In a preliminary study six cattle in calf with a total of 7.19 GV had access to an outdoor  yard. This was divided virtually in a 9 x 11 à 1 m² grid. To each m² a dirt level (clean,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31608/1/Erfassung%20gasf%C3%B6rmiger%20Emissionen%20vom%20Auslauf%20eines.pdf

Erstellung und Prüfung von Verfahren zur Abschätzung des N-Umsatzes im Rahmen der Humusreproduktion im ökologischen Landbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Ziel des Projektes der Sächsischen Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft (LfL) in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle (UFZ) ist es, aus bekannten Verfahren zur Beschreibung der Kohlenstoffdynamik in der organischen Bodensubstanz und zur Abschätzung der Höhe der N-Mineralisierung Methoden auszuwählen, diese weiter zu entwickeln und zu vereinfachen, so dass sie von Beratern und Landwirten als quantitative Instrumente zur Humusbilanzierung und zum N-Management von Betrieben des ökologischen Landbaus eingesetzt werden können.  Dazu werden für den praktischen Einsatz potenziell geeignete Modelle anhand der Veränderungen der organischen Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffgehalte des Bodens in Langzeitversuchen auf ihre Genauigkeit überprüft sowie...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Technology transfer; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2023

Es gibt viel zu tun
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Oehen, Bernadette.
Die Landwirtschaft ist Täter und Opfer des Klimawandels. Im Bio-Landbau stecken große Potenziale, um die Herausforderungen gut zu meistern.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34719/1/oehen-2018-BioAustria-p24-25.pdf

Essays on socially optimal phosphorus policies in crop production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Iho, Antti.
Phosphorus is a nutrient needed in crop production. While boosting crop yields it may also accelerate eutrophication in the surface waters receiving the phosphorus runoff. The privately optimal level of phosphorus use is determined by the input and output prices, and the crop response to phosphorus. Socially optimal use also takes into account the impact of phosphorus runoff on water quality. Increased eutrophication decreases the economic value of surface waters by deteriorating fish stocks, curtailing the potential for recreational activities and by increasing the probabilities of mass algae blooms. In this dissertation, the optimal use of phosphorus is modelled as a dynamic optimization problem. The potentially plant available phosphorus accumulated in...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18106/1/iho.pdf

Estimated N leaching losses for organic and conventional farming in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Kristensen, Ib Sillebak; Berntsen, Jørgen; Petersen, Bjørn Molt; Kristensen, Erik Steen.
The impact of organic compared to conventional farming practices on N leaching loss was studied for Danish mixed dairy and arable farms using an N balance approach based on representative data. On mixed dairy farms a simple N balance method was used to estimate N surplus and N leaching loss. On arable farms the simple N balance method was unreliable due to changes in the soil N pool. Consequently, the FASSET simulation model was used to estimate N surplus, N leaching loss and the changes in the soil N pool.   The study found a lower N leaching loss from organic than conventional mixed dairy farms, primarily due to lower N inputs. On organic arable farms the soil N pool was increasing over years but the N leaching loss was comparable to conventional arable...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/4637/1/4637.pdf

Evaluating and regulating the impacts of lobbying in the EU? The case study of green industries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard.
How should we evaluate and regulate the impacts of lobbying in the European Union (EU)? The current lack of transparency around lobbying activities and the absence of formal regulation mean that a hidden lobbying problem may prevail. The tentative case study of green industries in the EU is illustrative. The wind turbine industry, for example, benefits from ambitious environmental target levels for greenhouse gas reductions that will increase the future market for renewable energy. In contrast, for example, no environmental target levels exist that increase the future market shares of organic farming. Rational choice theory suggests that lobbying and group size advantages can explain the observed difference in achieving environmental target levels. The EU...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18778/1/18778.pdf

Evaluating vegetated buffer zones for P retention in cereal and grass production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
Buffer zones were effective in decreasing losses of eroded soil particles, total P and particulate P in surface runoff from fields ploughed in autumn. The retention of DRP was low, the DRP loads to surface runoff might increase on BZs in winter and early spring. The grass should be cut and the swathe removed on the BZs. Innovatons, with them DRP can be retained on BZs especially in winter and spring &gt;StoP.   On pasture and in direct drilling, the mean annual DRP load was slightly smaller on the VBZ with native scrubs and herbs compared with NBZ (p=0.05, p=0.07, respectively). There was a significant treatment x season interaction on surface runoff, TP, and DRP and almost significant on total solids (erosion), and PP.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16038/1/jaanau.pdf

Evaluating vegetated buffer zones for phosphorus retention in cereal and grass production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
The buffer zones seem to be effective to stop erosion and trap particle bound P in surface runoff from the autumn ploughed clay soil. On pastures, the buffers are not so important, if P fertiliser is not surface applied and the grazing intensity is not too high. However, the high DRP loss to surface runoff may be a real problem on grass fields in spring. The buffers are not able to uptake nutrients in early spring when the runoff is highest.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15042/1/njffosf.pdf

Evaluation of Environmental Impacts of Organic Farming by LCA method - Greenhouse Gases from Corn Production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Moudry, Jan (Jr.); Bernas, Jaroslav; Moudry, Jan; Konvalina, Petr; Kopecky, Marek.
Organic farming is perceived as a system with a number of positive impacts on all components of the environment. For more precise assessment of differences in environmental impacts of conventional and organic farming, we need to be able to measure and quantify such impacts. For this the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method may be used as a tool. Among other, the LCA method is also an invaluable tool for assessing GHG emissions related to agricultural production. In this paper, the use of LCA for evaluation of GHG emissions from Zea Mays L. growing is presented. The emission load was calculated by the simplified method LCA, impact category: climate change. The calculation was performed by SIMA Pro software with integrated ReCiPe Midpoint (H) method. The...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33243/3/36%20J%20Moudry%20jr%20Article.pdf

Evaluation of nitrogen utilizsation by means of the concept of primary production balance
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Seuri, Pentti; Kahiluoto, Helena.
Primary production balance (PPB) indicates the ratio (*) between harvested nutrients and nutrients put into crop production from outside the system (=primary nutrients). The PPB is independent of the final output (crop vs. animal products) and can be used to evaluate different systems (farms). The utilization of nitrogen(N) was evaluated by means of the PPB on nine organic farms, stockless and mixed ones, in eastern Finland.  The mixed farms were able to reach a remarkably higher primary production balance (1.0 – 1.2) compared with the stockless ones (0.5). Values higher than 1.0 indicate recirculation of nutrients. Other components of the high PPB were legumes as nitrogen source and optimum livestock density.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5940/1/Seuri.rtf

Evaluation of the Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor during measurements of gas emissions from composting livestock manure
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Maahn, Merete.
Livestock manure contributes significantly to the atmospheric concentration of ammonia (NH3) and green house gasses. Increase in the atmospheric concentration of these gasses cause serious environmental impact locally and globally. There is therefore a need for abatement technique to reduce the gas emission from manure, and for safe and reliable measuring methods. The Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor (PMM) is an efficient and handy method for continuous and simultaneous measurements of concentrations of different gases and its reliability was therefore tested during measurements of gas emission from a store of composting livestock manure. Concentrations of ammonia, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in airflows entering and leaving a store of composting...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/3503/1/3503.doc

Evaluering av Regionalt miljøprogram - tiltak 3.14
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine.
Nasjonale og regionale miljøprogram (RMP) er etablert for å styrke miljøarbeidet i jordbruket, samt synliggjøre jordbruket sin miljøinnsats. Høstspredning av husdyrgjødsel er en viktig årsak til avrenning av nitrogen og fosfor fra jordbruket. Med ønske om å redusere andelen høstspredd husdyrgjødsel i fylket innførte Fylkesmannen i Møre og Romsdal en ny ordning i RMP med navn «spreiing i vår/vekstsesong» - tiltak 3.14, hvor bønder som sprer all husdyrgjødsel innen 10. august kan søke om tilskudd. Tiltaket ble innført i 2012. 40 % av tilskuddsmidlene i RMP brukes til dette tiltaket. Det er gjennomført en evaluering av om tiltaket har hatt ønsket effekt. NORSØK har utført oppdraget i samarbeid med Møre og Romsdal Bondelag. 5 store landbrukskommuner ble valgt...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30727/1/Sluttrapport%201.11.2016.pdf

Evidence for denitrification as main source of N2O emission from residue-amended soil
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Li, Xiaoxi; Sørensen, Peter; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Petersen, Søren O.
Catch crops, especially leguminous catch crops, may increase crop nitrogen (N) supply and decrease environmental impacts in cropping systems, but they may also stimulate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions following spring incorporation. In this 28-day laboratory incubation study, we examined the carbon (C) and N dynamics and N2O evolution after simulated incorporation of residues from three catch crop species into a loamy sand soil, with variable soil moisture (40, 50 or 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS)). The catch crops include two leguminous (red clover and winter vetch) and one non-leguminous species (ryegrass). Plant material was placed in a discrete layer surrounded by soil in which the nitrate (NO3-) pool was enriched with 15N to distinguish N2O derived...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/30111/1/LXX3-2016%20SBB%20vol%2092%20p153-160.pdf

EX-POST EVALUATION OF GHG EMISSIONS AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL MEAT SHEEP FARMS IN FRANCE OVER 26 YEARS
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dakpo, Hervé; LAIGNEL, Gabriel; Benoit, Marc.
The environmental impact of livestock is an important issue, and organic farming (OF) is particularly questioned about greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. This study aims at comparing GHG emissions and non-renewable energy consumption in meat sheep production, in OF and conventional farming systems. These two criteria have been calculated ex-post on 1261 French year-farms monitored over 26 years. The functional unit used is the carcass weight and allocation between meat and wool is mass based. Regarding GHG emissions, the results show that organic farms emits 5% less GHG than conventional ones, with a higher proportion of methane and less indirect CO2 associated to less inputs use. Given the methodological difficulties, it is hard to argue if carbon...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Sheep and goats.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/24340/1/24340%20Herve%20Dakpo%202014-01_MM.pdf

Extended lactation may improve cow health and productivity and reduce greenhouse gas emission from organic dairy cows
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lehmann, Jesper Overgård; Mogensen, Lisbeth; Kristensen, Troels.
The concept of extended lactation is supposed to improve cow health and productivity and at the same time reduce greenhouse emission from high-yielding organic dairy cows in a product perspective. This effect is achieved through fewer calvings per year and hence a production of fewer replacement heifers, which then reduces the annual herd requirement for feed. We believe that the average milk yield per feeding day – days lactating plus days dry – per cow will be unchanged. However, this requires that the average cow will have to produce milk for a longer timeframe, and thus they will become older before being culled. We believe this will be a derived effect of the improved cow health as the majority of disease incidences occur around the time of calving....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23572/1/23572_MM.pdf

Fachgespräch "Klimawandel und Ökolandbau"
Provedor de dados: 21
Im Rahmen eines KTBL-Fachgesprächs kamen am 1. und 2. Dezember in Göttingen über 70 Fachleute aus Wissenschaft, Politik und Praxis des ökologischen Landbaus zusammen.  Diskutiert wurde der Stand des Wissens bezüglich der Emission klimawirksamer Gase im ökologischen Landbau, Möglichkeiten zu deren Minderung sowie zur Anpassung des ökologischen Landbaus an den Klimawandel. Zielsetzung war es, offene Fragen und Forschungsbedarf zu formulieren.  Der ökologische Landbau weist Vorteile im Hinblick auf den Klimaschutz auf, insbesondere weil er auf den Einsatz synthetisch erzeugter Stickstoffdünger verzichtet. Jedoch zeigen aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse, dass der Ökolandbau pro Fläche weniger, pro Produkteinheit mehr Emissionen aufweist als der konventionelle...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15682/1/15682%2D07OE033%2Dktbl%2Dde_Baey%2DErnsten%2D2009%2Dklimawandel.pdf

Factoring in the forgotten role of renewables in CO2 emission trends using decomposition analysis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mohlin, Kristina; Camuzeaux, Jonathan R.; Müller, Adrian; Schneider, Marius; Wagner, Gernot.
This paper introduces an approach for separately quantifying the contributions from renewables in decomposition analysis. So far, decomposition analyses of the drivers of national CO2 emissions have typically considered the combined energy mix as an explanatory factor without an explicit consideration or separation of renewables. As the cost of renewables continues to decrease, it becomes increasingly relevant to track their role in CO2 emission trends. Index decomposition analysis, in particular, provides a simple approach for doing so using publicly available data. We look to the U.S. as a case study, highlighting differences with the more detailed but also more complex structural decomposition analysis. Between 2007 and 2013, U.S. CO2 emissions...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34753/1/mohlin-etal-2018-EnergyPolicy-Vol116-p290-296.pdf

Faecal bacteria and coliphages in run-off from dairy farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
Although the  indicator numbers were mainly quite low, there was a severe risk of transfer of pathogens to the environment, especially when household wastewater or surface run-off water from outdoor yards was poorly purified and allowed to flow into ditches and watercourses. The existence of buffer zones between fields and watercourses may reduce the numbers of faecal microbes in surface run-off water.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/11100/1/faecal1.pdf

Faecal microorganisms in run-off from cattle farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Huuskonen, Arto; Kuisma, Miia; Nykänen, Arja; Heinonen-Tanski, Helvi.
Numbers of faecal microbes (faecal coliforms, enterococci, sulphite-reducing clostridia and coliphages) were determined in run-off waters from cattle farms in 1998-2005. Water samples were collected from drain wells and open ditches adjacent to exercise yards and forested feedlots for cattle, a grass field with slurry applications and a pasture with buffer strips. The indicator numbers were the highest in run-off waters from asphalt exercise yards while the figures were even 100-fold smaller in waters from a bark covered yard. In the forested feedlots, where cattle were fed for the winter months or all the year round, the indicator numbers were as high as the ones in a grass field with slurry applications or a pasture. There was a severe risk of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/8969/1/ymparisto1.pdf

Farm gate nutrient balances of organic dairy farms at different intensity levels in Germany
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido; Deittert, Christine; Köpke, Ulrich.
Organic farms are characterized as low external input agro-ecosystems. Currently, some organic dairy farmers feed higher amounts of concentrates and succulent feed, some of which is purchased, to increase the dairy performance of their cows. To assess the environ¬mental impact of this practice, nutrient balances at the farm-gate level of 26 organic dairy farms located in two different regions in Germany were compiled and analysed. The farms are characterised by different production features and feeding intensity levels (0 - 2.72 t DM of concentrates per cow and year, which was 0 - 378 g kg-1 milk) yielding 5,150 - 8,790 kg milk on average per cow and year.   The area- and product- (milk) related farm-gate nutrient budgets for P and K are almost balanced...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/13927/1/RAFS_Abstract_DairyNPKbudgets07.pdf

FARMING PRACTICE EFFECTS ON NITROGEN FOOTPRINTS
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Majidi, Ariel; Shade, Jessica; Leach, Allison; Galloway, James.
Organic practices in food production attempt to reduce the detrimental impacts of agricultural systems on the environment and human health. This study explores the effects such practices have on nitrogen (N) pollution, in comparison to conventional food production practices.  Virtual N factors were used for this comparison.  An organic virtual N factor of 4.6 was calculated for vegetables (37% lower than the conventional virtual N factor), 0.9 for starchy roots (-64%), 0.7 for grains (-86%) and 0.3 for beans (-53%).  The organic food N footprints were 43 – 53% less than the conventionally produced food N footprints. This study found that organic practices reduce N pollution with respect to conventional practices of food production.  Tracking the effects...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23271/1/23271%20Majdi_MM.pdf

Fate of 15N- and 14C from labelled plant material: Recovery in perennial ryegrass-clover mixtures and in pore water of the sward
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasmussen, J.; Gjettermann, B.; Eriksen, J.; Jensen, E.S.; Høgh-Jensen, H.
The below ground C and N dynamics leading to organic and inorganic N leaching from perennial ryegrass-clover mixtures are not well understood. Based on the hypothesis that four different plant materials would degrade differently, a 16 months field experiment was conducted to determine (i) the source strength of labelled plant residues in dissolved inorganic N (DIN) and dissolved organic N (DON) in pore water from the plough layer, and (ii) the plant uptake of organically bound N. Litterbags containing 14C- and 15N-labelled ryegrass or clover roots or leaves were inserted into the sward of a ryegrass-clover mixture in early spring. The fate of the released 14C and 15N was monitored in harvested biomass, roots, soil, and pore water percolating from the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16290/1/16290.pdf

Fate of the organophosphate herbicide glyphosate in arable soils and its relationship to soil phosphorus status
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Laitinen, Pirkko.
Glyphosate is one of the world's most widely used herbicides. This study was undertaken to unravel the factors affecting its movement, sorption, persistence and leachability in different Finnish soils to create a sound basis for risk assessment.    Field experiments indicated rather long persistence of glyphosate in Finnsih soils low in soil test P.    The key soil factors promoting the persistence and reducing the leaching of glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid appeared to be low P status and high Al and Fe oxide contents in soil, leading to low degree of P saturation and to reduced biodegradability as result of strong sorption.
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16105/1/mtttiede3.pdf

Feed nitrogen conversion in lactating dairy cows on pasture as affected by concentrate supplementation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Steinshamn, Håvard; Höglind, Mats; Garmo, Torstein H; Thuen, Erling; Brenøe, Ulrik Tutein.
The effect of concentrate supplementation on nitrogen (N) intake and excretion in grazing lactating dairy cows was determined in three herds in Norway. Grazing trials were conducted with each herd in June and August for two consecutive years. The average supplementation was 1.8 (S.D. 2.1) kg DM/day, and the concentrate was based on grain with a N content ranging from 18.7 to 24 g/kg DM. Herbage DM and N intake were reduced with increasing supplementation, but total DM and N intake increased. Milk yield and protein content increased by 1.1 kg milk and 0.28 g protein per kg milk for each kg extra concentrate. Milk N excretion increased with increasing supplementation (6.5 g N/kg DM), and N utilisation improved by 11.7 g N per kg N intake per kg extra...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions; Feeding and growth.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10651/1/Steinshamn_etal_2006_Feed_N_conversion.pdf

Feldrandkompostierung - ein Problem für das Grundwasser?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berner, Alfred; Mäder, Paul; Schaub, Daniel; Ott, Martin.
Wird unter Feldrandkompostmieten mehr Nitrat ins Grundwasser ausgewaschen als unter landwirtschaftlich und gemüsebaulich genutzten Böden? Gefährden die Kompostmieten das Grundwasser? Um diese Fragen zu beantworten, wurde im Birrfeld die Nitratauswaschung unter Feldrandkompostmieten während sechs Jahren überwacht. Die Resultate sind erstaunlich.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Soil quality; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4055/1/berner-2004-feldrandkompostierung.pdf

Field emissions of N2O during biomass production may affect the sustainability of agro-biofuels
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Heiske, Stefan; Thomsen, Sune T.; Jensen, Morten; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.
Field emissions of N2O during cultivation of bioenergy crops may counterbalance a considerable part of the avoided fossil CO2 emissions that are achieved by fossil fuel displacement
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18332/4/18332.pdf

Find energien - fremtiden kommer
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.
Avisomtale og presentation fra videnskabsteater-forestilling om bæredygtig energi, som turnerede Sjælland rundt i marts 2012.
Tipo: Teaching resource
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20906/1/20906a.pdf

Flächenleistung und Arbeitserledigungskosten im Dammkultursystem im Ver-gleich zu einem optimierten Pflugsystem im ökologischen Landbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rolfsmeyer, Daniel; Möller, Detlev.
Cultivation methods in organic farming are controversial discussed as the traditional ploughing system faces a variety of disadvantages, especially with regard to soil con-servation. To address these problems a mound cultivation system has been devel-oped. This paper presents a case study (on-farm-research) combined with expert interviews and economic modelling results. The aims of the study are to identify the most important cost driver, to calculate the cost of mound cultivation with regard to energy consumption and labour costs and to formulate conditions where this system is economically viable. Experience from on-farm-research and modelling show that the system is in particular suitable for large farms where the field labour organisation is a...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Buildings and machinery; Air and water emissions; Soil tillage; Farm economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/9683/1/9683_Rolfsmeyer_Vortrag.pdf

Flow of nutrients and climate relevant gases in experimental rotations on three soil types
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, Søren O.
Within organic farming there is a continued effort to close nutrient cycles in order to improve nutrient use efficiency for crop production while also minimizing environmental impacts. In Denmark a long-term crop rotation experiment on three soil types, i.e., Jyndevad (4.5% clay, 2.0% C), Foulum (8.8% clay, 3.8% C) and Flakkebjerg (15.5% clay, 1.7% C), provides a platform for studies of agronomic and environmental aspects of organic farming. Selected results from investigations at these sites are presented.     In 2007 and 2008 one study determined soil microbial biomass N and mineralizable N on all three locations during the growing season in four selected rotations, three organic and one conventional; the objective was to evaluate the role of soil...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Denmark.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/19468/4/19468.pdf

Foodservice at events as a strategy for sustainable food consumption. Workshop held as a part of the conference: Joint Actions on Climate Change, Aalborg Congress &amp; Culture Centre, Denmark, June 9th-10th, 2009.
Provedor de dados: 21
As a part of the Joint Actions on Climate Change conference held on June 9th and 10th 2009 in the Aalborg Congress &amp; Culture Centre, Denmark, the Danish iPOPY group organized a workshop on “Food service at events as a strategy for sustainable food consumption.”   The workshop was part of the Conference’s fourth Theme, Governance &amp; Climate Mitigation.     The workshop was held on June 10th from 11.30-13.00 as part of the iPOPY project (innovative Public Organic food Procurement for Youth). The iPOPY-project (2007-2010) is one out of eight transnational pilot projects funded by the CORE Organic funding body network within the context of the European Research Area.     The papers and the PowerPoint presentations from the event are presented in this...
Tipo: Proceedings
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Food systems; Markets and trade; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/16799/1/Joint_actions_in_core_FINAL100210.pdf

Forage legume impact on soil fertility and N balance
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Søegaard, K.; Askegaard, M.; Hansen, E.M.; Rasmussen, J.
Dairy production systems in Europe are to a large extent based on ley-arable rotations. In the ley phase of such rotations nitrogen accumulation occurs as a result of (1) organic carbon accumulation in soil not disturbed by tillage operations and (2) a considerable nitrogen surplus in grasslands, particularly under grazing regimes where a large part of the N in ingested grass is recycled to soil via urine and faeces. The accumulation of N and C in grasslands starts soon after establishment, the rate asymptotically declining with age and depends on practices such as fertiliser level, animal feed composition, stocking density, length of grazing and the botanical composition of the sward. In these pasture systems, key perennial legumes are white clover...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17881/4/17881.pdf

Forskerbonden i Skien
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Serikstad, Grete Lene.
Hvordan kan flest mulig utnytte mest mulig av storfegjødsla på en best mulig måte – med minst mulig tap av næring? Dette har mjølkeprodusent Knut Vasdal arbeidet med i mange år. I vinter kom gjennombruddet.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33520/1/forskerbonden-i-skien

Fra Molde til Marokko med møkk
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine.
I Norge har 43 prosent av bøndene som dreiv jordbruk i 1996, slutta. De som er igjen, driver stadig større, en utvikling som ifølge regjeringa må fortsette for å øke effektiviteten. Er vi på rett vei? Eller er det på tide å se nærmere på hva som er et effektivt jordbruk og eventuelt justere kursen?
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31663/1/VOF317_RB_Fra%20Molde%20til%20marokko%20med%20m%C3%B8kk_Tanker%20om%20et%20effektivt%20jordbruk_8.pdf

Framework in agriculture on the farm level
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, G.; Wetterich, F.; Geier, U.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a method that can be used to assess the environmental impact of agriculture, but impact categories and the functional unit of classical LCA’s must be adapted to the specific agricultural production process. Serving as an example, the framework of a LCA of 18 grassland dairy farms covering three farming intensity levels and carried out in the Allgäu region in southern Germany is presented. By focussing on the chosen impact categories and the respective, suitable functional units, the specific needs and backgrounds of conducting an agricultural LCA are discussed in general.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Specific methods; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/13909/1/LCA_6_2000_Haas.pdf

Freilandhaltung von Öko-Legehennen unter dem Nährstoffaspekt - Problemzonen im Auslauf
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Delics, Babette; Deerberg, Frauke; Deerberg, Friedhelm; Ruf, Manuel; Heß, Jürgen.
Die Freilandhaltung von Legehennen führt durch deren Ausscheidungen zu einem Nährstoffeintrag im Auslauf. Besonders der stallnahe Bereich ist durch eine erhöhte Akkumulation von Nährstoffen geprägt. Darüber hinaus zeigen sich Strukturelemente wie Unterstände oder Hecken, die als Schutzvorrichtungen für die Tiere fungieren, als kritische Bereiche. Diese daraus resultierende Eutrophierung kann infolge einer Nährstoffauswaschung (vor allem Nitrat) zur Kontamination des Grundwassers führen.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Poultry; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36109/1/Beitrag_179_final_a.pdf

From N2 fixation to N2O emission in a grass-clover mixture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thyme, Mette; Ambus, Per.
In organic dairy farming, a major N input to the plant-soil system comes from biological N2 fixation by pasture legumes, but knowledge is sparse on how much of the fixed N2 is lost from the pastures as N2O. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria are the main contributors to the N2O production in soils.     Currently, no contribution from biological N2 fixation in legume pastures is included in the national N2O inventories, partly because of uncertainties in quantifying the N2 fixation in the pastures (Mosier et al., 1998). According to the guidelines issued by The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), inventories for N2O emissions from agricultural soils should be based on the assumption that 1.25 % of added N is emitted as N2O (IPCC, 1997). The...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4147/1/4147.pdf

From N2 fixation to N2O emission in a grass-clover pasture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thyme, Mette; Ambus, Per.
In organic dairy farming, a major N input to the plant-soil system comes from biological N2 fixation by pasture legumes, but knowledge is sparse on how much of the fixed N2 is lost from the pastures as N2O. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria are the main contributors to the N2O production in soils.     Currently, no contribution from biological N2 fixation in legume pastures is included in the national N2O inventories, partly because of uncertainties in quantifying the N2 fixation in the pastures (Mosier et al., 1998). According to the guidelines issued by The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), inventories for N2O emissions from agricultural soils should be based on the assumption that 1.25 % of added N is emitted as N2O (IPCC, 1997). The...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1464/1/Poster_Mette_Thyme.pdf

Fruits and Vegetable environmental impacts - Life Cycle Assessment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Oudet, Noëllie.
L’analyse de cycle de vie permet d’évaluer de manière globale – en tenant compte de  l’ensemble des étapes du cycle de vie – et multicritère les divers impacts des produits de  notre consommation. Par ces qualités, elle peut être le support des évaluations  environnementales des produits dans des démarches d’affichage ou d’étiquetage. Les  projets actuels sur cette thématique ont pour objectif de fournir au consommateur  l’opportunité de s’orienter vers une consommation plus durable au travers de son acte  d’achat.    Appliquée aux filières agroalimentaires, cette méthode est davantage un outil d’analyse de  l’existant et d’aide à la décision dans une démarche de réduction d’impact environnementaux  qu’un instrument de comparaison des productions. En...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Indicators and other value-laden measures; Consumer issues; Produce chain management; Technology assessment; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16668/1/docmaitreJT2009_BIOIS.pdf

Geschiktheid van de Kringloopwijzer als beleidsinstrument
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bestman, Monique; Erisman, J.W.
In opdracht van de Nederlandse Zuivelorganisatie (NZO) en Natuur &amp; Milieu heeft het Louis Bolk Instituut de geschiktheid beoordeeld van de Kringloopwijzer als beleidsinstrument voor het reguleren van de fosfaatproductie en grondgebondenheid van de melkveehouderij. Deze beoordeling is gedaan aan de hand van interviews met representanten uit de biologische en niet-biologische melkveesector (melkveehouders, adviseurs, onderzoekers en iemand van een zuivelcoöperatie) en een bijdrage van CLM Onderzoek &amp; Advies.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/36683/1/3106.pdf

Gesellschaftliche Leistungen der biologischen Landwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, U.; Schmid, O.; Stolze, M.; Sanders, J.; Schader, C.; Fließbach, A.; Mäder, P.; Klocke, P.; Wyss, G.; Balmer, O.; Pfiffner, L.; Wyss, E.
Zusammenfassuung:   In diesem Bericht werden die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse nationaler und internationaler Studien zu den gesellschaftlichen Leistungen des Biolandbaus zusammengefasst. Als Referenzen werden dabei sowohl die konventionelle wie auch die integrierte Landwirtschaft herangezogen.   Es ist den Autoren bewusst, dass alle Landwirtschaftsmethoden in der Schweiz und im Ausland eine grosse Streubreite aufweisen, da der Einfluss der regionalen sozioökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen, der Standortfaktoren, der Betriebsleiter und der unterschiedlichen staatlichen und privaten Regulierungen gross ist. Trotzdem ergeben sich für die verschiedenen Landwirtschaftsmethoden klare Unterschiede, die bei den agrarpolitischen Massnahmen berücksichtigt werden...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15397/2/niggli%2Detal%2D2009%2Dgesllschaftl%2Dleistungen.pdf

Gesundheit, Wohlergehen und Umweltauswirkungen von Bioschweinen: Ist Freilandhaltung besser? - Das ProPIG-Projekt
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dippel, Sabine; Leeb, Christine.
Von 2011 bis 2015 wurde in acht europäischen Ländern das Forschungsprojekt ProPIG durchgeführt. Ziel des ProPIG-Projektes war es, auf europäischen Betrieben Gesundheit, Wohlergehen und Umweltauswirkungen von Schweinen in verschiedenen Haltungssystemen zu vergleichen und Werkzeuge zur Verbesserung dieser Bereiche zu entwickeln.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Pigs.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/28657/1/BOLN_Merkblatt_ProPIG_150331.pdf

Gezielte Umstellungsförderung in Wasserschutzgebieten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Szerencsits, Manfred; Heß, Jürgen.
Obwohl in zahlreichen Untersuchungen nachgewiesen wurde, dass der Ökologische Landbau in der Regel geringere Grundwasserbelastungen verursacht als die konventionelle Landwirtschaft (z.B. STOLZE et. al 2000),gibt es nur wenige Projekte, in denen es gelang, die Vorzüge des Ökolandbaus für den Wasserschutz nutzbar zu machen. In Niedersachsen hingegen wurde der Ökolandbau landesweit in den Trinkwasserschutz integriert, da im Rahmen von Pilotprojekten positive Erfahrungen gesammelt wurden. Er wird durch die Proland-Richtlinie gemäß VO (EG) 1257/1999 gezielt gefördert. Einerseits werden für die ökologische Bewirtschaftung von Flächen in Wassergewinnungsgebieten Ausgleichszahlungen bereitgestellt. Andererseits werden Projekte gefördert, die den ökologisch...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1079/1/szerencsits%2D2003%2Dumstellungsfoerderung%2Dwasserschutzgebiet.pdf

Government intervention in green industries: Lessons from the wind turbine and the organic food industries in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Daugbjerg, Carsten; Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard.
Government intervention in green infant industries may be justified as a strategy to increase the provision of public goods. How should government policies be designed to promote such industries? One way to analyse this question is to compare government intervention in green infant industries in which it has been successful with green infant industries in which it has been less successful. The Danish government has intervened intensively in the wind turbine industry and organic farming sector mainly for environmental reasons since 1992 and 1987 respectively, but with very different impacts. While the electricity market share of wind energy reached 20% in 2007, organic food consumption lags behind with a food market share of approximately 8.5% in 2007. This...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20897/4/20897.pdf

Government intervention in green industries: Lessons from the wind turbine and the organic food industries in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Daugbjerg, Carsten; Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard.
Government intervention in green infant industries may be justified as a strategy to increase the provision of public goods. How should government policies be designed to promote such industries? One way to analyse this question is to compare government intervention in green infant industries in which it has been successful with green infant industries in which it has been less successful. The Danish government has intervened intensively in the wind turbine industry and organic farming sector mainly for environmental reasons since 1992 and 1987 respectively, but with very different impacts. While the electricity market share of wind energy reached 20% in 2007, organic food consumption lags behind with a food market share of approximately 8.5% in 2007. This...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/17490/1/17490.pdf

Græsmarkernes indflydelse på jordens fertilitet og kvælstofbalance
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
I sædskifter med græs sker der i græsfasen en opbygning af jordens kulstof- og kvælstofpuljer, og ved ompløjning sker der efterfølgende en nedbrydning og frigivelse. Det har stor betydning for både jordens frugtbarhed og risiko for miljøbelastning. Indlægget beskriver, hvilke parametre der er afgørende for, hvor meget puljerne opbygges, og hvor stor eftervirkningen af græsmarkerne er på kort og på lang sigt. Desuden gives et bud på, hvor stor en græsandel i sædskiftet der skal til for at vedligeholde jordens frugtbarhed, samt hvilke krav det stiller til det øvrige sædskifte at udnytte det frigjorte kvælstof.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20638/4/20638.pdf

Græsproduktion og miljø på store økologiske kvægbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Græsmarker af længere varighed, forbedret management, strategisk gødskning og artsblandinger er nøgleord, når den optimale balance mellem produktion og miljø skal findes på stadig større kvægbrug.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16296/1/16296.pdf

Green house gas (GHG) emissions from Danish bioethanol production and choice of biomass raw materials
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard; Petersson, Anneli; van Maarschalkerweerd, Christian; Nielsen, Lars Henrik; Thomsen, Anne Belinda; Jensen, Erik Steen.
It is very much debated whether bioethanol is a sustainable energy resource that can offer environmental and long-term economic advantages over fossil fuels, like gasoline or die-sel. From the present first generation bioethanol technology focusing on starch (from grain) fermentation GHG savings are only modest. The Danish Integrated Biomass Utili-sation System (IBUS) has developed both first generation and second generation princi-pal bioethanol technologies characterised by integration with an existing coal-fired Com-bined Heat and Power (CBH) plant.  To secure that bioenergy is produced from local adapted raw materials with limited use of non-renewable fossil fuels there is a need for integrating the biomass starting point into the energy manufacturing...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Greenhouses and coverings; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/16234/2/16234.pdf

Greenhouse gas emissions and agronomic feasibility for forage production on inverted peat soil.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Rivedal, Synnøve; Øpstad, Samson; Heggset, Sverre; Deelstra, Johannes; Dörsch, Peter.
We studied greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (CH4 and N2O), agronomic performance and soil conditions in a grassland on an inverted peat soil that was earlier cultivated and tile-drained, and compared it with grassland on conventionally tile-drained peat. A neighbouring undrained peat was used as a reference for GHG emissions. Preliminary results (2-year field data) revealed reduced GHG emissions from the inverted peat relative to the tile-drained peat, mainly caused by lower CH4 emissions. Our data suggest that peat inversion can improve the agronomic feasibility of forage production in cool-moist areas with abundant organic soils, and can offer a way of agronomic adaptation to a climate with increased precipitation. At the same time it may reduce the GHG...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions; Irrigation and drainage.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/31203/1/Hansen%20et%20al%202016%20GHG%20emissions_agronomic%20feasibility_%20inverted%20peat%20soil.%20%20EGF%204-8%20Sept.%20Trondheim%2C%20Abstract.pdf

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Conventional, Agri-Environmental Scheme, and Organic Irish Suckler-Beef Units
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Casey, J. W.; Holden, N.M.
The problems of overproduction within the European Union countries and the environmental impact of agriculture have lead to the introduction of schemes that aim to reduce both. Beef (Bos taurus) production forms a large component of the Irish agricultural industry and accounts for more than one quarter of agricultural economic output. Recently, the European CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) has been re-evaluated to include supplementary measures that encompass the environmental role of agriculture rather than just the production role. A life cycle assessment (LCA) method was adopted to estimate emissions per kilogram of CO2 equivalent per kilogram of live weight (LW) leaving the farm gate per annum (kg CO2 kg−1 LW yr−1) and per hectare (kg CO2 ha−1 yr−1)....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2006

Greenhouse gas emissions from cultivation of energy crops may affect the sustainability of biofuels
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Heiske, Stefan; Thomsen, Sune T.; Jensen, Morten; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.
Field emissions of N2O during cultivation of bioenergy crops may counterbalance a considerable part of the avoided fossil CO2 emissions that are achieved by fossil fuel displacement
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18331/4/18331.pdf

Greenhouse gas emissions from selected Austrian dairy production systems-model calculations considering the effects of land use change
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Lindenthal, Thomas; Amon, Barbara; Markurt, Theresia; Kirner, Leopold; Zollitsch, Werner.
The aim of this study was to analyze various Austrian dairy production systems (PS) concerning their greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) in a life-cycle chain, including effects of land-use change (LUC). Models of eight PS that differ, on the one hand, in their regional location (alpine, uplands and lowlands) and, on the other hand, in their production method (conventional versus organic, including traditional and recently emerging pasture-based dairy farming) were designed.  In general, the GHGE-reducing effect of a higher milk yield per cow and year in conventional dairy farming cannot compensate for the advantages of organic dairy production which requires lower inputs. This is shown both for GHGE per kg of milk and GHGE per ha and year of farmland....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17992/1/hoertenhuber%2Deta%2D2010%2Dcambridge%2Duni%2Dpressl.pdf

Greenhouse gas emissions from soils under organic management
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ball, Bruce; Scott, Albert; Mc Taggart, Iain P; Watson, Chistine A.
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference.  Land emissions of N2O, CO2 and NH3 have been subject to little study under organic systems, yet form important aspects of sustainability of such systems. We describe innovative methods developed at SAC to assess trace gas emission using both automatic closed chamber systems (intensive, short term monitoring) and manually-operated closed chamber systems (occasional, long term monitoring). Long-term data were collected from organic ley-arable rotation trials in North-east of Scotland. Short term data were collected to show the effect of timing and depth of ploughing-out of the ley phase on gas emissions. Ploughing gave a shortterm stimulation of CO2 and, more markedly, of N2O emission....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/8291/1/Ball_Greenhouse_emissions_soils.pdf

Greenhouse Gas Emissions of organic and conventional dairy farms in Germany
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Frank, Helmut; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
The article presents a model to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions of German dairy farms. The model was tested in 12 organic and 12 conventional farms in Southern and Western Germany.   The results show that there is no significant difference between the greenhouse gas emissions per kg milk of the organic and the conventional farms. The lower milk yield of the organic farms is compensated by the lower fossil energy input and the higher carbon sequestration in the fodder production. It can also be seen that a raise of the milk yield from a medium level does not lead to a mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions per kg milk.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; "Organics" in general; Indicators and other value-laden measures; Systems research and participatory research; Air and water emissions; Technology transfer.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/24055/1/24055_MM.pdf

Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Organic and Conventional Foodstuffs in Austria
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lindenthal, Thomas; Markut, Theresia; Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Rudolph, Gwendolyn.
The consumer´s choice in quality of foodstuffs can influence GHG-emissions from the food sector. Organic agriculture is discussed as a possible way to reduce GHG-emissions. However the amount of reducing CO2eq per kg of organic products is unclear especially under supermarket conditions. The primary goal of the present study was to compare greenhouse gas emissions (CO2-eq) of organic foodstuffs with conventionally grown ones. All balanced foodstuffs are retail products, processed and marketed by nationwide supermarket companies in Austria.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Production systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17996/1/lindenthal%2Detal%2D2010%2Dlcafood.pdf

Greenhouse gas emissions of regionally produced alternative feedstuffs rich in protein for Austrian dairy production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Zollitsch, Werner.
The aim of this study was to analyse the potential greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) of locally and regionally produced, alternative protein‐rich feedstuffs (APRFs) which can be utilised in dairy cattle feeding as compared to extracted soybean meal (SBME) in a complete life‐cycle chain for Austria. In addition to GHGE from soil (N2O), from the production of mineral fertilizers and pesticides, industrial processes (oil milling, distillery, and drying plant) and use of fuels, the effects of land use change (LUC) were included in the calculation of GHGE. Currently, SBME, which is mainly imported from South‐America, is the most important protein feedstuff for livestock in Austria, but recently it was started to replace it by APRFs in diets for dairy cows for...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17994/1/hoertenhuber-zollitsch-2010-ifsa.pdf

Greenhouse gas fluxes from agricultural soils under organic and non-organic management - A global meta-analysis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Skinner, Colin; Gattinger, Andreas; Müller, Adrian; Mäder, Paul; Fließbach, Andreas; Stolze, Matthias; Ruser, Reiner; Niggli, Urs.
It is anticipated that organic farming systems provide benefits concerning soil conservation and climate protection. A literature search on measured soil-derived greenhouse gas (GHG) (nitrous oxide and methane) fluxes under organic and non-organic management from farming system comparisons was conducted and followed by a meta-analysis. Up to date only 19 studies based on field measurements could be retrieved. Based on 12 studies that cover annual measurements, it appeared with a high significance that area-scaled nitrous oxide emissions from organically managed soils are 492 ± 160 kg CO2 eq. ha− 1 a− 1 lower than from non-organically managed soils. For arable soils the difference amounts to 497 ± 162 kg CO2 eq. ha− 1 a− 1. However, yield-scaled nitrous...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/24506/1/Skinner-etal-2014-SciTotalEnviron-468-469-p553-563.pdf

GREENHOUSE GAS FLUXES IN AGRICULTURAL SOILS UNDER ORGANIC AND NON-ORGANIC MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Skinner, Colin; Müller, Adrian; Krause, Hans-Martin; Mäder, Paul.
Farming practices are known to exert strong control over the soils’ function to act as sources or sinks for greenhouse gases (GHG). This paper deals with the outcome of a recent meta-analysis based on the evaluation of 19 published long-term farming system comparisons. It provides a comprehensive data base regarding GHG fluxes from soils under organic and non-organic management. There is scientific evidence for lower nitrous oxide emissions from organically managed soils when scaled to the area. However, further data from farming system comparisons are required, particularly from long-term GHG measurements covering several cropping seasons or ideally entire crop rotations. This enables closing knowledge gaps concerning N fluxes and pools under organic...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/24368/1/24368%20Gattinger_submitted_MM.pdf

Grønkål optager nitrat fra mere end 2 meters dybde
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Hanne L.; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
Grønsager kan efterlade meget nitrat i jorden efter høst. Det skyldes at de fleste grønsager kræver en stor tilførsel af kvælstof for at udvikle sig godt, og samtidig er nogle grønsager dårlige til at udnytte det tilførte kvælstof. Hertil kommer at der ofte efterlades kvælstofrige planterester i marken ved høst. De omsættes hurtigt og mineraliseres til nitrat, der risikerer at blive udvasket og dermed forurene vandmiljøet. Både mijømæssigt og agronomisk er det uhensigtsmæssigt at tabe nitrat fra jordbrugssystemet. Det skulle hellere bruges til at give et godt udbytte af afgrøderne - ikke mindst i økologiske dyrkningssystemer.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/7917/1/7917.pdf

Grow more crops at the same time
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hermansen, Nina.
Results from the InterVeg project of the Danish trials on leek and cauliflower intercropped with catch crops
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Vegetables.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/32029/1/index.html

Growing systems for quality baking wheat: the effects of catch crops on yield and nitrate leaching
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mauscherning, Inken; Loges, Ralf; Pedersen, Lene; Taube, Friedhelm.
In maritime climates the production of winter wheat often leads to high nitrate leaching losses. In this study mixtures of winter wheat and catch crops were analyzed as alternative growing system to avoid high leaching losses. In a field experiment pure winter wheat grown as control showed highest N-losses. Leaching losses of 140 kg N ha-1 after the pre-crop grass-clover and of 50 kg N ha-1 after oats as pre-crop were measured. Compared to this, growing winter wheat in mixture with forage rape or oats reduced nitrate leaching by 50 %. Common vetch as mixture partner to winter wheat had a lower potential to reduce leaching losses. Comparable results were obtained growing the catch crops alone followed by spring wheat. Due to the competition for growth...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7577/1/Mauscherning.doc

Grundvandsbeskyttelse ved økologisk jordbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Birgitte; Kristensen, Erik Steen.
Økologisk jordbrug udgør et samlet koncept, som både kombinerer stor dannelse af grundvand, pesticicforbud, mange positive miljøeffekter og merindtjening i landbrugserhvervet som følge af en merpris på produkterne. Økologisk jordbrug er derfor i mange tilfælde at foretrække frem for f.eks. skovrejsning eller pesticidfri dyrkning. Der er imidlertid problemer med at kunne forudsige kvælstofudvaskningen fra økologisk jordbrug især på grund af vanskeligheder med at kunne simulere udvaskningen fra forskellige typer græsmarker, som anvendes i stor udstrækning i økologisk jordbrug. Hvis der i grundvandsfølsomme områder stilles krav om pesticidfri dyrkning og at nitratkoncentrationen skal være under f.eks. 50 mg/l vurderes det, at disse krav vil kunne opfyldes...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/511/1/Grundvandsbeskyttelse_BGH.pdf

Gülle besser verstehen – Ergebnisse des Gülleuntersuchungsprojektes 2017
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Angeringer, Wolfgang; Weber, Christina; Freudenberger, Gertrude.
Flüssige Wirtschaftsdünger, also alle Formen von Gülle und Jauche, geraten heute gesellschaftlich immer mehr in Kritik. Aus landwirtschaftlicher Sicht steht die verlustarme Ausbringung, vor allem in Hinblick auf gasförmige Stickstoffverluste im Vordergrund. Die Bevölkerung nimmt diese Ausgasungen, vor allem Ammoniak und Schwefelverbindungen als Geruchsbelästigung wahr, wodurch es immer häuﬁ ger zu Auseinandersetzungen kommt. Entsprechend groß war das Interesse der Landwirte, am Gülleprojekt der LK Steiermark teilzunehmen. Die Untersuchung beinhaltete Nährstoffgehalte, Trockenmasse und pH-Wert im NIRS-Schnelltestverfahren. Ziel war es, aus der Fülle an Proben zusammen mit Hintergrundinformationen über die Güllebehandlungen und Systeme auf den Betrieben,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32344/1/2_Angeringer20171017.pdf

Gypsum-based management practices to prevent phosphorus transportation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pietola, Liisa.
Phosphogypsum from Siilinjärvi plant were tested in soil incubation-leaching-studies(I), and in liquid pig manure treatment (II) in farm pit.    In soil columns, gypsum additions significantly reduced erodibility and ortho-P concentrations in the leaching water.    In the pig manure test, the gypsum-based precipitate fractionated phosphorus to P-rich sediment and to almost P-free upper part. Upper low-P fraction represented 2/3 of the total manure volume.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16046/1/fosfor1.pdf

Gypsum-based management practises to prevent phosphorus transportation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pietola, Liisa.
Significant agricultural P load decrease on waters is observed. Practical methods to achieve the load decrease is developed; provide solutions for farmers, are included into the Finnish agri-environmental support scheme. Practical methods includes: gypsum as soil amendment for erosion and soluble P control, gypsum-based precipitate in manure treatment to fractionate P.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16037/1/Pietola.pdf

Heterogeneity inside heaps of composting livestock manure and its influence on emission loss of greenhouse gases and ammonia
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.
Considerable amounts of methane and nitrous oxide were emitted during storage of solid pig manure generated by slurry separation. The production of greenhouse gases inside the heap was found to be heavily influenced by the oxygen accessibility, which again was influenced by length of storage and the distance to the heap surface. This implies that emission of greenhouse gases from stores of solid manure may be heavily influenced by the size of heaps and the length of storage. Attention should therefore be paid to the size of heap and the length of the storage period when composting studies for inventories of greenhouse gas emission are planned or used.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/3504/1/3504.doc

High Nitrogen Costs of Dairy Production in Europe: Worsened by Intensification
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bleken, Marina Azzaroli; Steinshamn, Håvard; Hansen, Sissel.
Intensification of agriculture has been proposed as one way of minimizing emissions per unit of product, apparently legitimizing the ongoing structural changes in agriculture. We have investigated the relationship between the farming intensity and the nitrogen (N) dissipation by calculating the overall N emission factor (E: total N surplus per unit of N in the produce) from several studies of dairy farms, covering a wide range of environments and production intensities. Fundamental steps were 1) the distinction between trophic levels, mineral, plant and animal N; and 2) the inclusion of N losses related to bought feed. The results show that E increases significantly with the production intensity of the dairy farm. The tradition for separate optimization of...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/6942/1/Bleken_etal__2005_Nitrogen_cost_of_dairy_production.pdf

História ambiental do Vale do Paraíba.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Devide, Antonio Carlos Pries.
O objetivo desse trabalho é caracterizar as modificações ocorridas no Vale do Paraíba do Sul desde a ocupação colonial, destacando alterações na paisagem e na dinâmica ambiental e as respostas da natureza afetando a mobilidade no território nos diferentes ciclos econômicos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica sob a ótica da história natural, como subsídio à compreensão de como a paisagem moldou a atividade humana. Analisa os impactos socioambientais de maneira integrada e propõe um modelo alternativo de desenvolvimento. O desmatamento generalizado em todos os ciclos econômicos denota a situação crítica dos remanescentes de Mata Atlântica, refletindo nos processos erosivos em toda a região. Até o momento não há um zoneamento do uso do solo diferenciado...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Farm economics; Farming Systems; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Research communication and quality; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Research methodology and philosophy; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24815/1/HISTORIA_AMBIENTAL_VALE_DO_PARAIBA.pdf

How can organic agriculture contribute to long-term climate goals?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sundberg, C.; Röös, E.; Salomon, E.; Wivstad, M.
The EU countries aim to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by 80-95% by 2050 (European Commission, 2011). The food sector accounts today for 25% of Swedish greenhouse gas emissions, most of which arise in agricultural production, so there is a need for radical reduction of GHG emissions in this sector. For organic farming in Sweden, this implies that it is time to move beyond the discussion on whether organic products have a lower or higher life-cycle climate impact than conventional products (Cederberg et al 2011). Instead, the interesting question is: What can and should be done to drastically reduce the climate impact of organic agriculture? The science-based response to that question is relevant for Swedish agriculture as a whole....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24516/1/24516.pdf

How to include farmers in the emission trading system?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard.
The EU has committed itself to an ambitious 20% reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) by 2020 compared to the 1990 emissions level. Moreover, the EU goal beyond 2012 is to strengthen, expand and improve climate change initiatives. Therefore, there is a strong need to consider more carefully how to integrate as many sectors as possible in these efforts. Farmers, however, do not trade GHG under the Kyoto agreement. The idea of including farmers in a national emission trading system has been launched in Australia but it has not yet been applied to the EU.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19250/1/19250.pdf

How to manage uncertainty in future Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) scenarios addressing the effect of climate change in crop production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niero, Monia; Ingvordsen, Cathrine Heinz; Jørgensen, Rikke B.; Hauschild, Michael Z.
When Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to provide insights on how to pursue future food demand, it faces the challenge to describe scenarios of the future in which the environmental impacts occur. In the case of future crop production, the effects of climate change should be considered. In this context, the objectives of this paper are two-fold: (i) to recommend an approach to deal with uncertainty in scenario analysis for LCA of crop production in a changed climate, when the goal of  the study is to suggest strategies for adaptation of crop cultivation practices towards low environmental impacts, and (ii) to implement the suggested approach to spring barley cultivation in Denmark. First, the main implications of climate change for future crop...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Indicators and other value-laden measures; Air and water emissions; Food systems.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/30321/1/Niero%20et%20al.%2C%202015.%20How%20to%20manage%20uncertainty%20in%20future%20LCA...pdf

Hurtig nedmuldning af fast husdyrgødning: betydning for ammoniakfordampning og økonomi
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Birkmose, Torkild S.
En stor del af kvælstofindholdet i husdyrgødning kan tabes som ammoniak under udbringning. Tabet begrænser gødningsværdien af husdyrgødningen og kan desuden have en negativ indvirkning på vandmiljø og følsomme naturarealer. Undersøgelser har vist, at husdyrgødning bidrager med hovedparten af ammoniakfordampningen i Danmark, og at ca. 25 % af fordampningen sker under udbringning. Der er derfor betydelig interesse for teknologi til begrænsning af ammoniakfordampningen i forbindelse med udbringning af gødningen.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5624/1/5624.pdf

Husdyrgjødsel og lagerkapasitet
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Solemdal, Liv.
Riktig bruk av husdyrgjødsel gir mindre behov for innkjøpt gjødsel og redusert risiko for belastning på miljø og klima. For å møte de utfordringene vi har både lokalt og globalt, må husdyrproduksjonen drives mest mulig klima- og miljøvennlig. Nok lagerkapasitet er en forutsetning for riktig bruk av husdyrgjødsel.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Buildings and machinery; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/30212/1/TemaarktNr12014%20Husdyrgj%C3%B8dsel%20og%20lagerkapasitet.pdf

Hva hjelper det å redusere klimagassutslippene hvis alle insektene dør?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Serikstad, Grete Lene.
For å løse landbrukets miljøutfordringer må vi ha mer enn én tanke i hodet samtidig. Bønder som driver økologisk tar ansvar for å redusere ulike negative miljøeffekter mest mulig.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33309/1/hva-hjelper-det-redusere-klimagassutslippene-hvis-alle-insekter-dor

Hva hjelper det å redusere klimagass-utslippene hvis alle insektene dør?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Serikstad, Grete Lene.
For å løse landbrukets miljøutfordringer må vi ha mer enn én tanke i hodet samtidig. Bønder som driver økologisk tar ansvar for å redusere ulike negative miljøeffekter mest mulig.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33171/1/hva-hjelper-det-redusere-klimagassutslippene-hvis-alle-insekter-dor

Hvad har jordens kvalitet med klodens klima at gøre? Klimaændringer og landbrug – hvordan hænger det sammen?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Johansen, Anders; Carter, Mette S.
Generel introduktion til menneskeskabte klimaeffekter med  fokus på landbrugets udledning af drivhusgasser og hvordan disse problemer kan afhjælpes vha. biogas produktion i kombination med recyling af næringsstoffer. Resulater fra BIOCONCENS (jordkvalitet og CO2 udledning) blev præsenteret.
Tipo: Teaching resource
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18903/4/18903.pdf

Hvor bliver kvælstoffet af?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.
Ved opgørelse af kvælstofbalancer er der oftest en andel af det tilførte kvælstof, der ikke kan gøres rede for. Andelen varierer fra nogle få procent og i visse tilfælde op til halvdelen af det tilførte kvælstof. I det igangværende Føjo-projekt ØKOVAND er vi i gang med undersøgelser, der måske kan besvare, hvor noget af det resterende kvælstof bliver af.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1839/1/e%2Dnews.doc

Hvordan beskytter økologisk jordbrug biodiversiteten?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy.
Økologisk jordbrug beskytter naturen med sin pesticidfri dyrkning og mindre brug af gødning, men en række andre faktorer er lige så vigtige for beskyttelsen af agerlandets biodiversitet, viser ny forskning. Det gælder fx beskyttelsen af småbiotoper, den tidsmæssige kontinuitet af økologisk drevne arealer, og udviklingen af nye driftsformer og produktionslandskaber, der i særlig grad tager hensyn til naturen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19050/4/19050.pdf

Hvordan holder økologisk jordbrug føringen på beskyttelse af vandressourcerne?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, J.E.
Landbruget øver en væsentlig indflydelse på kvaliteten af både grundvand og overfladevand (vand-løb, søer og fjorde) gennem udledning af pesticider, kvælstof og fosfor. Alle stoffer har væsentlig betydning for kvaliteten af overfladevand, mens der for beskyttelsen af grundvandet har været størst fokus på at forhindre nedsivning af pesticider og reduktion af nitratudvaskningen fra landbrugsarea-ler, især i områder med indvinding af grundvand. Vandmiljøplanerne (VMP) har haft størst fokus på reduktion af kvælstofudvaskningen. Dog er der med VMP-III fra 2003 også inkluderet tiltag til reduktion af landbrugets udledning af fosfor til vandløb, søer og fjorde.  I forbindelse med den faglige evaluering forud for VMP-II blev det anslået, at økologisk jord-brug i...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4672/1/4672.doc

Hvordan kan udvaskningen og belastningen af vandmiljøet yderligere reduceres?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen Eivind.
Kvælstofudvaskningen bestemmes i højere grad af afgrødedække om efteråret end af hvor meget gødning, der gives.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25720/7/25720.pdf

Hvordan kan verdikjeden for melk, kjøtt og ull bli mer klimavennlig enn i dag? - samtidig som vi holder jord i drift og artsrike kulturlandskap i hevd?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Løes, Anne-Kristin; Lyche, Arnar.
Vi må tenke kretsløp i alt vi gjør. Global oppvarming skyldes ubalanse i karbonets og nitrogenets kretsløp. Utnyttelsesgraden av karbon og nitrogen i produksjonen er helt avgjørende for klimabelastningen. Dette gjelder ikke bare landbruket, men i alt vi foretar oss.     Det nasjonale klimaregnskapet bygger på mangelfull statistikk, og det trengs nye og bedre beregningsmetoder. Effekten av ulike driftsmåter som utnyttelse av tilført nitrogen, karbonbinding i jord, og utslipp ved dyrking av fôr som importeres fanges i liten grad opp
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34634/1/Klimavennlig%20verdikjede%20for%20melk%2C%20kj%C3%B8tt%20og%20ull.pdf

Impact environnemental ( sur l’air et l’eau) des systèmes d’élevage de ruminants en agriculture biologique –   Evaluation des émissions de N -(NH3, N2O, NO3 ) , CH4, ,  CO2-énergie directe et indirecte
Provedor de dados: 21
Il s’agit d’évaluer l’impact environnemental (sur air et eau) des systèmes d’élevage de ruminants en agriculture biologique ( NH3, N2O, NO3 , CH4, CO2,). Le projet s’articule autour de deux approches, l’une très précise dans deux stations expérimentales biologiques, l’autre en fermes d’éleveurs biologiques ou de lycée agricole au système proche des systèmes d’élevage étudiés en station et que nous appelleront « fermes satellites ». Les calculs en stations expérimentales seront réalisés à partir de données journalières concernant l’alimentation des animaux, les productions, l’utilisation des parcelles par les animaux et toutes les pratiques de fertilisation et de récolte. Tous les flux internes et externes de matières seront l’objet de pesées et d’analyses....
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Indicators and other value-laden measures; Dairy cattle; Sheep and goats; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring; Beef cattle.
Ano: 2023

Impact of consumers' diet choices on greenhouse gas emissions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Risku-Norja, Helmi; Kurppa, Sirpa; Helenius, Juha.
This study explores the impacts on agricultural and total GHG emissions of Finnish consumption if the share of animal based food products was reduced and if the share of ecologically produced food was to increase in Finland. GHG emissions associated with production of basic food items were quantified (per capita per annum) for current food consumption, for national standard diet recommendations, for a diet with no milk and beef and for a vegan diet including an oat-based milk susbstitute.    The major source of GHG in primary food production is the cultivated soil. For the present average food consumption the emissions from the soil comprise 62 %, the share of emissions due to enteric fermentation is 24 %, whereas energy consumption and fertilizer...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16406/1/consumer2.pdf

Impact of Organic farming on aquatic environment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Erik Steen; Knudsen, Marie Trydemann.
The effects of conversion to organic farming on N leaching are discussed in the presentation. Problems in European aquatic environment are presented along with the development of organic farming in Denmark and the rest of Europe. Recent Danish studies on the N leaching effects by conversion of mixed dairy and arable farms are presented. The studies estimate that N leaching is lower from organic compared to conventional mixed dairy farms, whereas N leaching at organic arable farms are comparable to conventional arable farms.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/3996/1/ESK_Env_Tjekkiet_juli_04.pdf

Impact of reduced tillage on greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon stocks in an organic grass-clover ley - winter wheat cropping sequence
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike; Ruser, Reiner; Müller, Tortsen; Hansen, Sissel; Mäder, Paul; Gattinger, Andreas.
Organic reduced tillage aims to combine the environmental benefits of organic farming and conservation tillage to increase sustainability and soil quality. In temperate climates, there is currently no knowledge about its impact on greenhouse gas emissions and only little information about soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in these management systems. We therefore monitored nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes besides SOC stocks for two years in a grass-clover ley – winter wheat – cover crop sequence. The monitoring was undertaken in an organically managed long-term tillage trial on a clay rich soil in Switzerland. Reduced tillage (RT) was compared with ploughing (conventional tillage, CT) in interaction with two fertilisation systems, cattle slurry...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31286/1/Krauss-etal-2017-AEE-Vol239-p324-333.pdf

Improving supply and phosphorous use efficiency in organic farming systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Walker, R L; Watson, C A; Rees, R M; Stockdale, E A.
Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient that needs to be managed carefully in organic systems so that crop yield and quality remain sustainable without contributing to environmental damage, particularly that associated with eutrophication. Under organic regulations, minimally processed rock phosphate (PR) can be used to amend low P fertility soils, although the solubility is extremely low at optimum soil pH for most crop growth (pH 6.5). This paper describes a project (PLINK) which aims to develop methods of improving P efficiency on organic farms, although the same approaches may also be applicable on conventional and low-input farms. The methodologies that the project is developing include the fermentation and composting of crop waste material with...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10260/1/Improving_supply_and_phosphorus_use_efficiency_in_organic_farming_systems.pdf

In field N transfer, build-up, and leaching in ryegrass-clover mixtures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasmussen, J; Eriksen, J; Jensen, E S; Høgh-Jensen, H.
Two field experiments investigating dynamics in grass-clover mixtures were conducted, using 15N- and 14C-labelling to trace carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from grass (Lolium perenne L.) and clover (Trifolium repens L. and Trifolium pratense L.). The leaching of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), as measured in pore water sampled by suction cups, increased during the autumn and winter, whereas the leaching of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was fairly constant during this period. Leaching of 15N from the sward indicated that ryegrass was the direct source of less than 1-2 percent of the total N leaching measured, whereas N dynamics pointed to clover as an important contributor to N leaching. Sampling of roots indicates that the dynamics in smaller roots were...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/14647/1/Full_length_paper_Jim_Rasmussen.pdf

In situ carbon and nitrogen dynamics in ryegrass-clover mixtures: Transfers, deposition and leaching
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasmussen, Jim; Eriksen, Jørgen; Jensen, Erik Steen; Esbensen, Kim H.; Høgh-Jensen, Henning.
Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in ryegrass-clover mixtures were investigated in field mezotrons installed to depths of 20, 40 and 60 cm and equipped with suction cups to collect percolating pore water. Ryegrass and clover leaves were cross-labelled with 14C- and 15N-enriched urea and the fate of the two tracers was studied for three months during summer. Transfer of 14C occurred mainly from ryegrass to clover, whereas the largest transfer of 15N was in the opposite direction. The average transfer of N from clover was 40% (±3.1, n=9) of N in ryegrass, whereas the fraction of N in clover donated by ryegrass was 5% (±1.2, n=9). The amount of 14C transferred from ryegrass to clover was 1.7% (±0.1, n=9) of the 14C-activity in the total aboveground biomass...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10390/1/10390.pdf

Incitations locales à la conversion en AB dans les aires d’alimentation de captage d’eau : gouvernance territoriale et transformations des exploitations agricoles
Provedor de dados: 21
Suite au Grenelle de l’environnement, la protection des aires d’alimentation de captage d’eau par le développement territorialisé de l’agriculture biologique (AB) dans ces zones est une orientation forte que plusieurs régions ou villes cherchent à mettre en œuvre.  Des expériences préalables de soutien des instances territoriales à ce développement en France (Lons le Saunier) ou à l’étranger (Munich) laissent penser que :       1. la motivation de la préservation de la ressource en eau peut être déterminante dans le processus de conversion à l’AB dans les exploitations ,     2. les incitations sont variées et incluent notamment des soutiens à l’écoulement des produits biologiques via la commande publique (restauration collective, crèches)     3. des taux...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://orgprints.org/18668/1/Agribio_3_ABiPeC.pdf

Influence of Different Plant Species on Methane Emissions from Soil in a Restored Swiss Wetland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bhullar, G.S.; Edwards, P.J.; Olde Venterink, H.
Plants are a major factor influencing methane emissions from wetlands, along with environmental parameters such as water table, temperature, pH, nutrients and soil carbon substrate. We conducted a field experiment to study how different plant species influence methane emissions from a wetland in Switzerland. The top 0.5 m of soil at this site had been removed five years earlier, leaving a substrate with very low methanogenic activity. We found a sixfold difference among plant species in their effect on methane emission rates: Molinia caerulea and Lysimachia vulgaris caused low emission rates, whereas Senecio paludosus, Carex flava, Juncus effusus and Typha latifolia caused relatively high rates. Centaurea jacea, Iris sibirica, and Carex davalliana caused...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25303/1/bhullar-etal-2014-methane-emission-PLoS_one-9_2.pdf

Influence of EU policy on agricultural nutrient losses and the state of receiving surface waters in Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ekholm, Petri; Granlund, Kirsti; Kauppila, Pirkko; Mitikka, Sari; Niemi, Jorma; Rankinen, Katri; Räike, Antti; Räsänen, Johanna.
In Finland, the first large-scale efforts to control nutrient loading from agriculture got under way with the introduction of the EU Agri-Environmental Program in 1995. We examined whether these efforts have decreased agricultural nutrient losses and improved the quality of receiving waters. To do so we used monitoring data on fluxes of nutrients and total suspended solids in agricultural catchments in 1990–2004 and on the water quality of agriculturally loaded rivers, lakes and estuaries in 1990–2005. No clear reduction in loading or improvement in water quality was detected. Hydrological fluctuations do not seem to have eclipsed the effects of the measures taken, since there was no systematic pattern in runoff in the period studied. The apparent...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/16900/1/ekholm.pdf

Influence of slurry and mineral fertiliser application technique on N2O and CH4 fluxes from a barley field
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Perälä, Paula; Kapuinen, Petri; Esala, Martti; Tyynelä, Sanna; Regina, Kristiina.
The effect of different fertilizer application techniques on nitrous oxide and methane emissions were investigated in a field experiment. Gas fluxes were measured during a five months period in 2001 from a barley field located in Vihti, southern Finland. The effects of different fertilizer application techniques on crop yield and quality were also investigated. According to the results, slurry injection produced the most N2O during the measurement period. Placement of mineral fertilizer produced least N2O. Methane fluxes were close to zero and there were no statistically significant differences between the treatments.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/8460/1/njf1.pdf

Influence of slurry and mineral fertiliser application technique on N2O and CH4 fluxes from a barley field
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Perälä, Paula; Kapuinen, Petri; Esala, Martti; Tyynelä, Sanna; Regina, Kristiina.
In this study, the effects of different application techniques on emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from a barley field were compared.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/8464/1/njf1.pdf

Innovativ udvikling af (potentielle) nye produkter: En eksplorativ undersøgelse af kvalitet i økologisk fisk
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Nielsen, Thorkild.
Nedenfor har vi fremhævet nogle af de elementer der er i spil i forhold til en kvalitetsdiskussion af økologiske fisk. Baseret på nogle af ovenstående erfaringer.    1. Dansk økologisk fisk har et godt image i udlandet (Tyskland)  2. Fortæl historien om en særlig kvalitet (fravær af antibiotika og kemiske farvestoffer). Gerne på emballagen   3. Forudsætningen for succes med den økologiske produktion er at smagen er upåklagelig  -udvikl gerne i samarbejde med dygtige kokke  4. Pas på med at eksperimentere for meget med nye og billigere foder-komponenter (f.eks fjer i fiskefoderet mm)  5. Pas på at stresse fisken når den skal slagtes. Det er dokumenteret at det givere dårligere fiskekød  6. Når der foretages forbedringer i forhold til klima gasser er det...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Social aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33696/1/D6.4.2_D6.4.3_Innovativwe%20development%20of%20new%20products.docx

Intercropping leek (Allium porrum L.) with dyer’s woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) increases rooted zone and agro-ecosystem retention of nitrogen.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Xie, Yue; Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
Nitrate leaching can be high in organic vegetable production. Late-harvested crops like leek limit the use of autumn catch crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the growing of a combination of a deep-rooted catch crop and a shallow-rooted vegetable to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching. We compared a leek sole crop (S) with two intercropped systems of leek and early-sown dyer’s woad (five weeks after leek planting) (IE) or late-sown dyer’s woad (eight weeks after leek planting) (IL) in two seasons: 2012 and 2013. To reveal root and resource competition, leek with dyer’s woad rows left empty (Semp), and early and late-sown dyer’s woad with leek rows left empty (DEemp, DLemp) were included. Yield, dry above-ground biomass, aboveground N...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Vegetables.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32017/1/Xie%20%26%20Kristensen_Intercropping-leek_2017_European-Journal%20of%20Agronomy.pdf

Is automatic milking acceptable in organic dairy farming? Quantification of sustainability indicators
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Oudshoorn, F.W.; de Boer, I.J.M.
The objective of this research, was to quantify sustainability indicators of organic dairy farms using Automatic Milking Systems (AMS), and a comparative group of organic dairy farms using conventional milking systems (CMS). Milk yield per cow was higher for AMS farms but did not result in higher net return to management. Nitrogen surplus per ha of available land was higher for AMS farms, Animal health was unaffected by AMS use, as also most milk quality aspects; somatic cell count, clostridium spores and urea. Acid degree value (ADV), measured as free fatty acids (FFA) in the milk, was higher in milk from AMS users. Labour time was decreased by almost 50% for AMS users, to 2.3 min/cow/day. It could be concluded from quantification of selected indicators...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Buildings and machinery; Technology assessment; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/11682/1/11682.pdf

Ist der Biolandbau klimafreundlicher?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike; Gattinger, Andreas; Skinner, Colin; Krause, Hans-Martin.
Eine kürzlich am Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau (FiBL) in Frick abgeschlossene Literaturstudie zeigt, dass biologisch bewirtschaftete Flächen aufgrund des geringeren Stickstoffeintrags flächenbezogen weniger Lachgas produzieren und tendenziell mehr Methan aus der Atmosphäre aufnehmen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/27095/1/krauss-etal-2013-BZ-Klima.pdf

Ist der Biolandbau klimafreundlicher?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike; Gattinger, Andreas; Skinner, Colin; Krause, Hans-Martin.
Die Schweizer Landwirtschaft verursacht 11,2 Prozent* der gesamten Treibhausgasemissionen, wobei Methan (CH4) aus der Fermentation in Wiederkäuermägen 45 Prozent und Lachgas (N20) aus den Böden 38 Prozent der landwirtschaftlichen Emissionen ausmachen. Die Lachgasemissionen aus gedüngten Böden sind daher von Bedeutung und eine Reduktion durch ein angepasstes Management absolut notwendig.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/27098/1/krauss-etal-2013-ZB-Klima.pdf

Kalkulation der N2-Fixierleistung und der N-Flächenbilanz beim Anbau von Leguminosen im ökologischen Landbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Jost, Britta; Schmidtke, Knut; Rauber, Rolf.
During last years procedures were developed to calculate the N2 fixation and the N balance of grain and forage legumes under organic farming conditions. These proce-dures are distinctly improved by including the mineral soil nitrogen the legumes can use during the growing season. A system monitoring the plant available soil N was established in 2005 and 2006, which was distributed across Germany. Available soil N was assessed by means of non leguminous reference plants. Results from 2005 are recorded. It is the objective to make the calculation of the N balance of legumes inter-actively available in the near future via the internet portal ISIP (Informationssystem Integrierte Pflanzenproduktion). The target group are agricultural consulting services and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Soil quality; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring; "Organics" in general; Crop combinations and interactions; Post harvest management and techniques.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/9620/1/9620_Jost_Vortrag.pdf

Kan økologisk jordbrug være med til at løse verdens klimaproblemer?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.; Dalgaard, Tommy.
En fremtidig energiproduktion i økologisk jordbrug bør tænkes ind i en større sammenhæng, både på bedriften og i landskabet, så der også kan opnås andre miljø, naturmæssige og økonomiske fordele. Sker dette kan økologisk jordbrug blive selvforsynende med energi og bidrage afgørende til bæredygtigheden i samfundet.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/11309/1/klima_jeo.doc

Karbon i jord – kilder, handtering og omdanning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Serikstad, Grete Lene; Pommeresche, Reidun; McKinnon, Kirsty; Hansen, Sissel.
Rapporten omfatter en gjennomgang av kunnskap om handtering, omdanning og lagring av karbon i jord. Klima, jordtype, driftsmåte, tilført organisk materiale og opprinnelig karboninnhold har betydning for karbonbindingen i jord, noe som gjør det umulig å generalisere det potensialet jord har til å binde karbon over lengre tid. Litteraturgjennomgangen viser at det ikke er enkelt å lagre karbon i dyrkajord. I rapporten diskuteres virkning av fermentering og kompostering på karbonbinding. Rapporten påpeker nødvendigheten av å vektlegge kvaliteten av det organiske materialet som skal tilføres jorda. Biokull kan brukes for lagring av karbon i jord. Positive egenskaper knyttet til jordforbedring kan bidra til at biokull tilført jordbruksarealer blir aktuelt som...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34314/1/NORS%C3%98K%20Rapport%20nr%209%20Jordkarbon.pdf

Karbondynamikk i landbruksjord
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pommeresche, Reidun; Serikstad, Grete Lene; Hansen, Sissel.
Karbon tilføres jorda via planterøtter og i form av husdyrgjødsel og annet organisk materiale. Det er krevende å øke innholdet av karbon i dyrket jord. Hovedgrunnen er at mye karbon fjernes fra jorda via avlinger som gras, korn og grønnsaker. Karbonholdige molekyler er også ettertraktede energikilder og byggeråstoff for jordorganismene i eng- og åkerjord, og avgjørende for næringsfrigjøring i jord. Bare en liten andel av karbonet som tilføres jorda vil vanligvis være der etter noen år. Klima, driftsmåte, jord-egenskaper, planterøtter, mikroorganismer og meitemark påvirker karbonets skjebne i matjordlaget. Det er ennå mye vi ikke vet.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/34476/1/Karbondynamikk%20i%20landbruksjord%20endelig%20i%20NORS%C3%98K%20faginfo%20ISBN.pdf

Kilovis af N omsættes dagligt i kløvergræs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, P.
Gennem de seneste årtier har der været stigende opmærksomhed omkring udledningen af drivhusgasser i forbindelse med landbrugsproduktionen, og megen forskning har været rettet mod at identificere de væsentligste kilder og mulige afværgeforanstaltninger. I forbindelse med planteproduktion er det især anvendelsen af kvælstof(N)-holdige gødningstyper, mineralske såvelsom husdyrbaserede, som bidrager til udslip af den vigtige drivhusgas lattergas.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4158/1/Ambus_%C3%B8koljordb0804.pdf

Kleinteiligkeit im Ackerbau ein neues Vertragsnaturschutzprogramm für den Ökologischen Landbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Neumann, Helge; Dierking, Uwe.
A proposal for a new contract nature protection scheme was tested on selected arable fields of organic farms in northern Germany. Management specifications included  small scale division of large fields combined with specifications for crop distribution as well as for proportion of flower strips. Results of collateral bird registrations proved positive effects of the scheme on diversity and abundance of (threatened) breeding and roosting bird species. Due to the results, the scheme was included in the current  (regional) rural development program Schleswig-Holstein.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31962/1/%E2%80%9EKleinteiligkeit%20im%20Ackerbau%E2%80%9C%20%E2%80%93%20ein%20neues.pdf

Klima på frihjul? Global opvarmning og klimapolitik
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Svendsen, Gert Tinggaard; Pedersen, Karin Hilmer.
Den miljø- og klimapolitiske debat har været og er præget af en række forskellige livsanskuelser, og der er næppe noget element, der står uimodsagt. Vi har derfor valgt at sætte fokus på tre forskellige diskurser i klimapolitikken. Givet, at klimaforandringer rejser et kollektivt handlingsproblem, vil det styrende spørgsmål være, hvorfor, hvordan og med hvilke fordelingsmæssige konsekvenser bør eller skal vi udforme en bæredygtig klimapolitik og -regulering.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19272/3/19272.pdf

Klimabilanz im Fricker Langzeitversuch
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Meier, Matthias; Schader, Christian.
Conclusion  ❯ Sur l'ensemble de la rotation des cultures, le travail réduit du sol a produit près de 20 % en moins d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre par hectare que le labourage, et près de 75 % de carbone en plus a été stocké à long terme.  ❯ Aucune différence entre les variantes d'utilisation des engrais.  ❯ Les émissions de N2O produites par le sol sont responsables de 25 à 63 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (en fonction des cultures). Le reste provient de la combustion d'énergies fossiles.  ❯ Dans le travail réduit du sol, la séquestration du carbonecompense les émissions de gaz à effet de serre produites par le travail des cultures (sur l'ensemble de la rotation des cultures). Cette méthode de culture présente donc un bilan climatique...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18870/2/meier-2011-poster-schlatthof-fr.pdf

Klimaerwärmung: Der Biolandbau ist gefragt
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, Urs.
Im IPCC-Report vom Mai 2007 wird die Landwirtschaft als einer der sieben wichtigen Sektoren genannt, wo mit angepassten Massnahmen Kohlendioxid zurückgebunden und Lachgas- und Methanemissionen reduziert werden können.   Die biologische Landwirtschaft ist eine interessante Alternative, um zur Abschwächung des Klimawandels beizutragen. Gleichzeitig sind Biobetriebe vermutlich besser in der Lage, sich an unberechenbare Wetterschwankungen anzupassen. Zu dieser Schlussfolgerung kam auch die FAO-Konferenz über «Ökologische Landwirtschaft und Ernährungssicherheit», die am 3. bis 5. Mai 2007 in Rom stattfand (http://www.fao.org/organicag/ofs/index_en.htm).  Die Biolandwirtschaft erzeugt hohe Pflanzenerträge durch effiziente Nutzung von organischen Reststoffen: Zur...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10868/1/niggli%2D2007%2Dklimaerwaermung.doc

Klimafreundlicher Bioackerbau auf mittelschweren Böden  (Exaktversuche Aesch und Muri)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Messmer, Monika; Berner , Alfred; Uehlinger, Noemi; Mäder , Paul.
Conclusion pour la pratique  ❯ Lors de la conversion du labourage au travail réduit du sol, il faut s'attendre à de légères pertes de rendement en fonction du sol.   Elles peuvent toutefois être compensées par des quantités d'engrais plus élevées ou une sélection adéquate des variétés.  ❯ Avec le travail réduit du sol, il est particulièrement important de contrôler en temps utile le développement des mauvaises herbes. A ce propos, l'acquisition de machines spéciales est peut-être requise.    Fazit für die Praxis  ❯ Bei der Umstellung von Pflug auf reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung muss je nach Boden mit leichten Ertragseinbussen gerechnet werden. Diese können jedoch durch erhöhte Düngegaben bzw. mit geeigneter Sortenwahl kompensiert werden.  ❯ Bei der...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18869/1/messmer-2011-poster-schlatthof.pdf

Klimafreundlicher Bioackerbau auf schweren Böden  (Exaktversuch Frick)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berner, Alfred; Frey, Robert; Fliessbach, Andreas; Nietlispach, Bruno; Mäder, Paul.
Versuchsfragen  Langfristige Auswirkungen auf Bodenfruchtbarkeit und Ertrag bei:  ❯ Reduzierter Bodenbearbeitung vs Pfl ug  ❯ Vollgülle vs Mistkompost/Gülle  ❯ Mit vs ohne biologisch-dynamische Präparate    Questions expérimentales  Conséquences à long terme sur la fertilité du sol et le rendement en cas de:  ❯ Travail réduit du sol par rapport au labourage  ❯ Lisier complet vs. compost fumier/lisier  ❯ Avec ou sans préparation biodynamiques
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18873/1/berner-2011-poster-schlatthof-fr.pdf

Klimafreundlicher Bioackerbau: Gründüngung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Koller, Martin.
Erkenntnisse aus 6 Versuchen  ❯ Winterfuttererbse hat sich als Gründüngungspfl anze am besten bewährt, weil damit späte Aussaaten möglich sind  ❯ Im Durchschnitt wiesen die Erbsen 156 kg Stickstoff pro ha in der Grünmasse auf  ❯ Ohne zusätzliche N-Düngung erzielte der Silomais einen Ertrag von durchschnittlich 177 dt TS/ha  ❯ In Ackerbaufruchtfolgen passt die Erbsen-Gründüngung gut, wenn nach Getreide eine Unkrautkur durchgeführt werden soll  ❯ In Gemüsebaufruchtfolgen passen die Erbsen nach Lagerkulturen und vor Folgekulturen, die Ende Mai gepflanzt oder gesät werden  ❯ Saatzeitpunkt: Anfangs Oktober (Überwinterung im 2-4 Blattstadium), Saaten bis in den Dezember möglich (Keimung Februar/März)  ❯ Einarbeitung: Flaches Pflügen oder Scheibenegge...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18865/1/koller-2011-poster-schlatthof-fr.pdf

Klimafreundlicher Bioackerbau: Praxisversuche
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dierauer, Hansueli; Clerc, Maurice; Hofer, Peter.
Erkenntnisse  ❯ Reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung im Vergleich zum Pfl ug:  ❯ Erträge: 2009: –5 % (6 Betriebe) 2010: –8 % (7 Betriebe)  ❯ Bodengefüge und Kapillarität verbessert, stabilere Erträge in trockenen Jahren  ❯ Zunahme der Unkräuter (Bild unten)  ❯ Umbruch Kunstwiese schwierig (Durchwuchs von Luzerne und Raygras)  ❯ Lösung: Fruchtfolge anpassen und Gründüngungen verwenden  ❯ Angepasste Maschinen nötig, Zusatzkosten     Conclusions  ❯ Travail réduit du sol en comparaison du labourage:  ❯ Rendements: 2009: –5% (6 exploitations) 2010: –8% (7 exploitations)  ❯ Amélioration de la structure du sol, rendements plus stables en cas d'année sèche  ❯ Prolifération des mauvaises herbes (image ci-dessous)  ❯ Difficulté de passer à des prairies artificielles (pousse...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18872/1/dierauer%2D2011%2Dposter%2Dschlatthof.pdf

Klimafreundlicher Bioweinbau auf der Domaine de Beudon
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas.
Die Landwirtschaft soll Treibhausgasemissionen reduzieren und klimafreundlicher werden. So die Zielsetzung laut Klimastrategie des Bundesamtes für Landwirtschaft. Dass diese Strategie auch ohne gesetzliche Verpflichtungen umgesetzt werden kann, zeigen Marion und Jacques Granges auf der Domaine de Beudon in Fully VS. Das FiBL hat im Auftrag von Bio Suisse für den Bioweinbetrieb eine Klimabilanz gerechnet.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Viticulture.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/22919/1/gatt.pdf

Klimagasbilanz der Landwirtschaft auf null bringen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bär, Markus.
Das FiBL forscht nach bodenschonenden Bewirtschaftungsformen, die auch das Klima schützen und durch Humusaufbau klimaschädliches CO2 im Boden einlagern können. bioaktuell sprach mit dem FiBL-Bodenspezialisten Paul Mäder.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20053/1/Seiten12_15%2Dba%2Dd%2D2011%2D06.pdf

Klimagase und deren Minderung bei der Milchproduktion
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Paulsen, Hans Marten; Frank, Helmut; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen; Rahmann, Gerold; Schmidt, Harald; Warnecke, Sylvia.
Sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of milk production were analysed on organic and conventional dairy farms from cradle to farm gate and resulted in a mean of ca. 1 kg CO2 eq kg ECM-1 independent of the farm system. When calculated according to dry matter intake of the cows, mean percentages of GHG emissions from enteric fermentation on organic or conventional farms were 31 or 42 % from the complete product related emissions from milk production from cradle to farm gate, respectively. When feed quality parameters were considered in calculation, enteric methane production increased considerably with higher fibre contents in feedstuffs. This was especially important at lower milk yields. On the 44 farms that were analysed, minimal potential GHG...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/27127/1/27127_paulsen.pdf

Klimagasemission im Futterbau: Vergleich von leguminosenbasierten und intensiv stickstoffgedüngten Grünlandbeständen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schmeer, Maria; Dittert, Klaus; Loges, Ralf; Taube, Friedhelm.
Aim of the presented study was the comparison of the specific emissions of CO2 equivalents of a legume based and a mineral N fertilised grassland considering the N2O emissions caused by N fertilisation and soil compaction. The field trial was set up on the experimental station “Hohenschulen” in northern Germany with the factors soil compaction, N fertilisation and experimental year. The N2O emissions were affected by an interaction of soil compaction and N fertilisation, especially under moist spring conditions. The specific CO2-equivalent emission per unit energy yield was 67 % higher for the mineral N-fertilised grassland compared to the legume based grassland.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/17590/3/Loges_17590.pdf

Klimagassutslipp ‐ planteproduksjon  Innspill til norsk klimagassmodell på gårdsnivå
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Øygarden, Lillian.
Denne rapporten er utarbeidet som del av utrednings-prosjektet til Bondelaget: Utvikling av beregningsmodell for klimagasser i norsk landbruk» finansiert av Landbruks-direktoratet. Rapporten omhandler klimagasser fra planteproduksjon og gir omtale av nødvendige data for klimagassberegning. Den gir oversikt over ulike typer modeller for beregning av klimagassutslipp,fra nasjonalt rapporteringsnivå til modeller for rådgivning på gårdsnivå. Det er også gjort vurdering av forsknings og kunnskapsbehov. Se sammendrag i rapport.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Greenhouses and coverings.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35542/1/Hansen%20og%20%C3%98ygarden%20Klimagassutslipp-%20Planteproduksjon%2C%20NIBIO_RAPPORT_2019_5_67.pdf

Klimainitiative will Emissionen senken
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schädeli, Alfred.
Das Klima hat sich im Alpenraum seit Beginn der Industrialisierung um 1,6 Grad erwärmt, die Gletscher schmelzen, das Wetter spielt verrückt. Um die schlimmsten Auswirkungen zu vermeiden, müssen die Industrienationen ihren Ausstoss an Klimagasen bis ins Jahr 2020 um mindestens 30 Prozent reduzieren. Die Klimainitiative will dieses Ziel in der Bundesverfassung verbindlich festlegen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/28368/1/Artikel_Sch%C3%A4deli_11.pdf

Klimaneutraler Ackerbau dank reduzierter Bodenbearbeitung und Gründüngung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berner, Alfred; Messmer, Monika; Mäder, Paul.
Durch den Verzicht auf chemisch-synthetische Stickstoffdünger weist der Biolandbau bereits jetzt Vorteile bezüglich Energieeffizienz und Klimaschutz auf. Ziel dieser Studie war, (a) die Kohlenstoffsequestrierung in biologisch bewirtschafteten Böden zu erhöhen und (b) durch den Anbau von Gründüngungen die Klimabilanz weiter zu optimieren. In einem Versuch in Frick (AG) testen wir seit 2002 reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung im Vergleich zum Pflug (beide 15 cm tief) unter Biobedingungen auf einem tonigen Lehmboden. In der sechsjährigen Fruchtfolge wurden Winterweizen, Sonnenblumen, Dinkel, zweijähriges Kleegras, Mais und 2009 wieder Winterweizen angebaut.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/26572/1/SGPW_Bulletin23_2010.pdf

Klimarelevanz der Sekundärrohstoff-Wirtschaft am Beispiel der Landwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Meier-Ploeger, Angelika; Vogtmann, H.
Der umfassende Vergleich (von biologischen und konventionellen Anbauverfahren für Weizen und Kartoffeln) in der Anwendung von Bioabfallkompost im Vergleich zur N, P, K-Düngung ergibt deutliche Vorteile für die Kompostanwendung am Beispiel einiger Hauptkulturen im Ackerbau bezüglich der Produktion klimarelevanter Gase. Dabei wurde die Einsammlung und Kompostierung der biogenen Abfallstoffe als separater Teil der Prozesskette „Abfallverwertung“ nicht in die Bewertung einbezogen. Eine Abschätzung der Erzeugung klimarelevanter Gase durch unterschiedliche Kompostierungsverfahren zeigt auf, daß bei einer Einbeziehung dieser Prozeßkette nur die offene Mietenkompostierung den Vorteil der Kompostdüngung weiterhin aufrecht erhält.
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://orgprints.org/2254/1/handbuch%2Dkein%2DDokument.pdf

Klimarelevanz des Agrarsektors der Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Reduzierung der Emission von Kohlendioxid
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido; Geier, Uwe; Schulz, Dirk; Köpke, Ulrich.
Der Agrarsektor (Landwirtschaft, Garten- und Weinbau) der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (alt) verbrauchte im Jahre 1990/91 Energie in Höhe von ca. 413,82 PJ, entsprechend einem Anteil von näherungsweise 3,6% des nationalen Gesamtenergie-Einsatzes. Die daraus abgeleitete Kohlendioxid-Emission lag bei insgesamt ca. 27,658 Mio t CO2 und damit näherungsweise bei einem Anteil von insgesamt 3,9% der nationalen Emission. Flächenbezogen verursachte der Agrarsektor eine Kohlendioxid-Emission in Höhe von 2,344 t CO2 je Hektar.      Die von der Bundesregierung Deutschlands angestrebte CO2-Minderung von mittelfristig 25 - 30% kann auch innerhalb des Agrarsektors umgesetzt werden. Durch Optimierung der Produktion und den Einsatz von regenerativen Energien wird dieses Ziel...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://orgprints.org/13930/1/BuLdw_KlimaD95.pdf

Klimaschonender Ackerbau durch reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mäder, Paul.
Reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung im Biolandbau verbessert die Bodenfruchtbarkeit und erhöht teilweise sogar die Erträge im Vergleich zum Pflugeinsatz. Zudem werden substanziell weniger Treibhausgase freigesetzt.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/21122/1/Seiten_aus_ba-d-2012-05-3.pdf

Klimaschutz auf Biobetrieben
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Oehen, Bernadette.
Schon heute tragen Biobäuerinnen und Biobauern einiges zum Klimaschutz bei. Zahlreiche Regelungen von Bio Suisse kommen dem Klima indirekt zu Gute: Das Verbot von Flugimporten, die Einschränkung im Kraftfuttereinsatz oder der Verzicht von Kunstdünger sind nur einige Beispiele. Dieses Merkblatt informiert über den Zusammenhang zwischen Klimawandel und Landwirtschaft und zeigt auf, welche Massnahmen zusätzlich möglich sind, um die Treibhausgasemissionen auf Biobetrieben zu reduzieren.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/20227/4/1552-klimaschutz.pdf

Klimaschutz durch kraftfutterreduzierte Fütterung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hanke, Theresa; Schader, Christian; Ivemeyer, Silvia; Notz, Christophe.
Die Klimafreundlichkeit ist ein entscheidendes Kriterium für die Nachhaltigkeit von Lebensmitteln. Wie das Projekt „Feed no Food“ gezeigt hat, kann eine raufutterbasierte Fütterung die Treibhausgasbilanz von Biomilch erheblich verbessern.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20319/1/Seiten_aus_oel_158_gesamt.pdf

Klimaschutz durch Ökolandbau: Beitrag der bodenbürtigen Treibhausgasemissionen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Weckenbrock, Philipp; Gattinger, Andreas.
Die Landwirtschaft ist für 10% der Treibhausgasemissionen der Europäischen Union verantwortlich. Eine systematische Zusammenfassung von wissenschaftlichen Vergleichen zwischen Treibhausgasemissionen ökologischer und konventioneller Landwirtschaft in gemäßigten Klimazonen zeigt positive Effekte ökologischer Bewirtschaftung. Im Durchschnitt weisen ökologisch bewirtschaftete Böden einen um 10% höheren Gehalt an organischem Bodenkohlenstoff, eine um 256 kg/ha höhere jährliche Kohlenstoffspeicherungsrate und 24% geringere Lachgasemissionen auf als konventionell bewirtschaftete Böden. Bisher gibt es nur wenige Vergleiche ökologischer und konventioneller Landwirtschaft bezüglich bodenbürtigen Methangasemissionen und keine Studien bezüglich Methangasemissionen aus...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36112/1/Beitrag_184_final_a.pdf

Klimaschutz in der Landwirtschaft - Emissionsminderung in der Praxis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Roth, Ursula.
Die nationalen Minderungsziele der Bundesregierung für Treibhausgase sind nur durch eine drastische Reduzierung der Emissionen in allen Bereichen zu realisieren. Das Heft soll Landwirte dabei unterstützen, einen Beitrag zur langfristig anvisierten Halbierung der Treibhausgasemissionen Deutschlands zu leisten. Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsverfahren bieten zahlreiche Ansatzpunkte für eine wirkungsvolle Treibhausgasminderung. Vor allem die Verbesserung der Stickstoffausnutzung sollte hier im Fokus stehen. Weitere Maßnahmenfelder, für die im Heft Einzelmaßnahmen dargestellt werden, sind Ertrags- bzw. Leistungssicherung und Verlustminimierung, der Erhalt und Aufbau von Humus sowie die Verringerung des Energieaufwands. Zusätzlich zur Minderung der...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32007/1/index.html

Klimaschutz mit pilzresistenten Rebsorten - Fallstudie eines  langjährigen Bioweinbaubetriebes
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Strasser, Alfred; Coray, Maria.
Our biodynamic winery is located near Lake Constance in Switzerland. Since 1989,  we have cultivated resistant grape varieties such as Maréchal Foch, Léon Millot,  Muscat Bleu, Cabernet Jura, Chancellor and Monarch (red), and Seyval Blanc,  Bianca, Solaris, Phoenix and Excelsior (white). As a rule, we avoid applying even  organic pesticides, and use solely biodynamic compounds (4 applications/year). The  elimination of practically all plant-protection products has enabled us to establish a  highly biodiverse organic agro-ecosystem with reduced impact on the environment. In  addition, over a 20-year period, this system has resulted in the application of 270 kg  less copper over our 4.5-ha surface area, as well as the saving of 18 t of fuel, which  can be...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Viticulture; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/13902/1/Strasser_13902.pdf

Klimavenlig majs ved minimal tilførsel af kvælstof
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, Per.
Majs-biomasse kan omdannes til klimavenlig CO2-neutral energi ved behandling til bioetanol og biogas. Men gødskes majsen med affaldet fra biogasanlægget, dannes der betragtelige mængder af den kraftige drivhusgas, lattergas. Herved reduceres klimagevinsten mærkbart. Dyrkning af majs til energiformål skal derfor ske med ingen eller lille tilførsel af N.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Social aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15811/1/15811.pdf

Klimaverksted - klimaråd til bonden
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Hansen, Sissel.
Høsten 2016 arrangerte NORSØK et klimaverksted på Tingvoll gard i samarbeid med Møre og Romsdal Bondelag. Deltakerne kom fra Bondelaget, Bonde og Småbrukarlaget, Landbruksrådgivinga (med representanter fra NLR sentralt og  Landbruk Nordvest regionalt) og Fylkesmannen.  Formålet med klimaverkstedet var å utveksle kunnskap og  erfaringer og diskutere klimaråd. Dagen starta med innlegg  fra Møre og Romsdal Bondelag, Norsk Landbruksrådgiving  (prosjektleder for prosjekt «klimarådgiving på gårdsnivå»)  og NORSØK. Resten av dagen ble brukt til meningsutveksling og diskusjon.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30728/1/NORS%C3%98K%20INFO%202016%20-%20klimaverksted%20-%20klimar%C3%A5d%20til%20bonden.pdf

"Klimawandel – Chancen und Risiken für den Ökolandbau; Entwicklung eines klimaplastischen Ökolandbaus"
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bachinger, Johann; Bloch, Ralf; Kühne, Stefan.
Gegenüber den Auswirkungen des Klimawandels weißt der Ökologische Landbau auf besonders niederschlagsarmen leichten Standorten eine erhöhte Vulnerabiliät auf. Gerade die N-Versorgung kann durch die prognostizierten Klimaveränderungen deutlich verschlechtert werden. Eine ungünstigere Niederschlagsverteilung während der Hauptwachstumsphase verringert: a) die mikrobielle N-Freisetzung aus den Bodenreserven, b) das Leguminosenwachstum und infolge c) die N2-Fixierung.  Milde niederschlagsreiche Winter erhöhen die N-Mineralisation und N-Auswaschung während der vegetationsfreien Zeit.   Hinzu kommt, dass die verstärkt zu erwartenden Ertragsdepressionen kaum durch eine kurzfristig reaktive Anpassung des off-farm Betriebsmitteleinsatzes kompensiert werden können....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/14128/1/Bachinger_Bloch_K%C3%BChne_Klimawandel.pdf

Klimawandel und das Ernährungssystem
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Ziele dieser Doppellektion  - Sie können erklären, was unter Anpassung an den Klimawandel mit Bezug zur Landwirtschaft und dem Ernährungssystem alles verstanden werden kann.  ‐ Sie können den Beitrag der Landwirtschaft und des Ernährungssystems zum Klimawandel beschreiben und in groben Zügen erklären.  ‐ Sie können die wichtigsten landwirtschaftlichen Emissionsquellen benennen.  ‐ Sie können die wichtigsten Ansätze, wie die Landwirtschaft und Aktivitäten auf der Ebene des Ernährungssystems zur Minderung des Klimawandels beitragen können benennen.  ‐ Sie können in groben Zügen einige zentrale Aspekte aus dem Themenfeld „Klimapolitik für die Landwirtschaft und das Ernährungssystem“ erklären.  Was ich vorweg noch wichtig finde festzuhalten: für die...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Knowledge management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34466/1/mueller-2018-SkriptKlimawandelUndDasErnaehrungssystem_WES-FS2018-ZHAW-12_3_2018.pdf

Klimawirksamkeit und Nachhaltigkeit von bayerischen  landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schmid, Harald; Braun, Michaela; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
Im Projekt Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit von Landbausystemen werden in verschiedenen Agrarregionen Deutschlands Untersuchungen zu Treibhausgas- (THG)-Emissionen ökologischer und konventioneller Betriebe durchgeführt. Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zu den Stoff- und Energiebilanzen sowie den THG-Emissionen im Pflanzenbau der 20 bayerischen Pilotbetriebe. Es werden methodische Grundlagen und Ergebnisse modellgestützter Analysen dargestellt sowie Strategien zur Emissionsminderung diskutiert.   Im ökologischen Pflanzenbau (öko.) wird deutlich weniger fossile Energie eingesetzt (5 bis 11 GJ ha-1 a-1) als im konventionellen Pflanzenbau (kon.), (12 bis 17 GJ ha-1 a-1). Beide Betriebsgruppen erreichen im Mittel etwa die gleiche Energieintensität (öko: 186 MJ...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20986/1/Schmid_et_al_2012_Klimawirksamkeit.pdf

Klimawirkung und Nachhaltigkeit ökologischer Betriebssysteme - Untersuchung in einem Netzwerk von Pilotbetrieben
Provedor de dados: 21
Im Verbundprojekt „Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit ökologischer und konventioneller Betriebssysteme – Untersuchungen in einem Netzwerk von Pilotbetrieben“ wurde in enger Kooperation von Forschung, Beratung und Praxis eine einzigartige Struktur für Forschungsarbeiten aufgebaut. In verschiedenen Agrarräumen Nord-, West-, Ost- und Süddeutschlands sind 40 ökologische und 40 konventionelle landwirtschaftliche Betriebe nach definierten Kriterien ausgewählt worden. Sie repräsentieren unterschiedliche Betriebstypen, Intensitätsniveaus und Standortbedingungen. In den Pilotbetrieben wurden nach genau definierten methodischen Vorgaben mehrjährig Betriebsdaten erfasst, mit Modellen umfassend ausgewertet sowie Monitoringsysteme mit georeferenzierten Testflächen...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Technology transfer; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/32172/1/32172-06OE160-353-tum-ti-huelsbergen-2013-klimawirkungen-pilotbetriebe-teil1.pdf

Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit ökologischer Betriebssysteme - Untersuchungen in einem Netzwerk von Pilotbetrieben
Provedor de dados: 21
Das hier beschriebene Projekt ist Teil eines Verbundvorhabens, das folgende Teilprojekte umfasst: FKZ 06OE353, FKZ 06OE160.   Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/cgi/saved_search?savedsearchid=1250.   Für die gesamte Bio-Branche, die Verbraucher und die Agrar-Umweltpolitik ist es wichtig zu wissen, wie klimafreundlich Betriebe des Ökologischen Landbaus wirtschaften, welche flächen- und produktbezogenen Treibhausgasemissionen auftreten und wie noch bestehende Optimierungspotenziale genutzt werden können. Während für einzelne landwirtschaftliche Teilprozesse Modelle und Analysetools zur Verfügung stehen, fehlen bisher geeignete...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://orgprints.org/16945/1/vTI_06OE353.doc

Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit ökologischer Betriebssysteme - Untersuchungen in einem Netzwerk von Pilotbetrieben
Provedor de dados: 21
Das hier beschriebene Projekt ist Teil eines Verbundvorhabens, das folgende Teilprojekte umfasst: FKZ 06OE160, FKZ 06OE353.  Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/cgi/saved_search?savedsearchid=1250.  Für die gesamte Bio-Branche, die Verbraucher und die Agrar-Umweltpolitik ist es wichtig zu wissen, wie klimafreundlich Betriebe des Ökologischen Landbaus wirtschaften, welche flächen- und produktbezogenen Treibhausgasemissionen auftreten und wie noch bestehende Optimierungspotenziale genutzt werden können. Während für einzelne landwirtschaftliche Teilprozesse Modelle und Analysetools zur Verfügung stehen, fehlen bisher geeignete Methoden...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Dairy cattle; Technology transfer; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://orgprints.org/16944/1/TUM_06OE160.doc

Kløvergræs ensilage og kompost som grøngødning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Ambus, Per; Petersen, Søren O.; Sørensen, Peter.
En ny strategi kan måske forbedre udnyttelsen af det kvælstof, som fikseres af kløverplanter i økologisk planteavl. Vores studie viste en større frigivelse af kvælstof fra ensileret kløvergræs end fra kompost af kløvergræs iblandet halm. Samtidig fandt vi, at indarbejdning af grøngødning ved harvning frem for pløjning reducerede udledningen af den stærke drivhusgas, lattergas.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24959/14/24959.pdf

Kløvergræs - management bestemmer udbyttet i din mark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Søegaard, K.; Askegaard, M.
Kløvergræsudbyttet påvirkes markant af benyttelse (afgræsning/slæt), botanisk sammensætning og gødningstilførsel, og i mindre omfang af græsmarkens alder
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16292/1/plk09_res_n2_1_j_eriksen.pdf

Kløvergræs og urter i den økologiske græsmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
På store økologiske kvægbrug er der oftest meget græs i sædskiftet tæt på stalden for at begrænse køernes vej til malkning. Langvarige græsmarker er dog ofte mindre  produktive og af dårligere kvalitet. Men der er gode muligheder for græsmarker af længere varighed. Nye forskningsresultater har nemlig vist, at udbyttet i kløvergræs i mange tilfælde ikke var markant påvirket af markens alder, og pga. højt kløverindhold var effekten af gødning beskeden
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20639/4/20639.pdf

Kløvergræsmarker modvirker drivhuseffekten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Amus, Per.
Lattergas (N2O) er en drivhusgas, som primært dannes når bakterier i jorden omsætter kvælstof. I Danmark anslås det, at landbrugets udledning af lattergas til atmosfæren udgør ca. 14 procent af det samlede udslip af drivhusgasser.  Ved beregning af udslippet af lattergas antages det at 1.25 procent af det kvælstof, der gødes med på marken, tabes som lattergas.     Dette gælder, når der er tale om gødning med handelsgødning.  Kløverplanter har den særlige egenskab, at de er i stand til at indbygge (fiksere) kvælstof fra luften, hvorved planterne kan medvirke til at ‘gøde’ sig selv og også gøde jorden for efterfølgende afgrøder. Kløvergræs (en blanding af græs og kløver) er derfor en vigtig afgrøde på både økologiske og konventionelle mælkebrug....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/10146/1/10146.pdf

Knivtromle i økologisk pløjefri dyrkning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Tersbøl, Michael.
Efterafgrøden dør uden at blive hakket over, og det er vigtigt i dette koncept. Behandlingen skal ske, efter efterafgrøden er i blomst eller kornet gennemskredet.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Weed management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32031/1/fagligt-talt-oekologi-erhverv-nr-610

Kohlenstoffspeicherung und Treibhausgasflüsse in Böden unter biologischer und konventioneller Bewirtschaftung – Ergebnisse aus zwei globalen Meta-Analysen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Skinner, Colin; Müller, Adrian; Fließbach, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Häni, Matthias; Buchmann, Nina; Stolze, Matthias; Niggli, Urs.
Explorative literature searches followed by meta-analyses were conducted to identify differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil-derived greenhouse gas emissions between organic and non-organic farming systems. Within a total of 74 studies we found significantly higher SOC concentrations, SOC stocks and C sequestration rates in organically managed soils compared to those under non-organic management. Meta-analysis of soil-derived GHG flux data from 19 studies revealed lower N2O emissions and higher CH4 uptake rates in soils under organic management when related to acreage. Due to lower yields in organic farming systems higher GHG emissions from these systems were obtained when the data was related to unit crop yield. The poor availability of farming...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21581/1/21581_gattinger.pdf

Kommer der lattergas fra kløvergræsset?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, P.
Kløvergræs er et vigtigt element i økologisk mælkeproduktion. Flere undersøgelser har dog antydet at denne driftsform rummer en risiko for uønskede udslip af gasformige kvælstof-forbindelser til omgivelserne. En af de gasformer der er særlig opmærksomhed omkring, er lattergas, der er en kraftig drivhusgas med en væsentlig betydning for den globale opvarmning. Af det samlede danske udslip af drivhusgasser, udgør lattergas mere end 10%, hovedsalig udledt ved landbrugsaktivitet. Biologisk kvælstof-fiksering er en nøgleproces i kløvergræssystemer, men vores viden om processen er endnu ufuldstændig, specielt når det gælder bidraget fra rodbiomassen. Af samme grund eksisterer der heller ingen viden om, hvor meget af det fikserede kvælstof, som atter frigives til...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/4157/1/Ambus_mark.pdf

Kommunikation von Naturschutzmaßnahmen in der ökologischen Direktvermarktung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Possitt, K.; Zander, Katrin.
The preservation of living ecosystems and the protection of nature and environment as a basis for existence are important challenges of our time, which are highlighted in  the principles of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM 2015). Since nature conservation measures within organic farming are often  related to more costs, expenses or even yield losses, there are approaches to get the conservation efforts rewarded by the customers. The object of this research is the  description of the communication of nature conservation measures on three organic farms with direct selling in Northern and Eastern Germany. Therefore, three guided  interviews with the farm managers were conducted and analyzed. Afterwards, personally-written...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31964/1/Kommunikation%20von%20Naturschutzma%C3%9Fnahmen%20in%20der.pdf

Kosten der Grundwasser-Verschmutzung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lughofer, S.; Kratochvil, R.
Ausgehend von der Problematik hoher Konzentrationen an Chlorkohlenwasserstoffen (CKW) v.a. im Südlichen Wiener Becken (Mitterndorfer Senke) sowie an Nitrat und Pestiziden in einem großen Teil der Porengrundwassergebiete Österreichs (UBA 1996), sollen in dieser Studie Strategien der Schadstoffverminderung im Trinkwasser und deren Kosten dargestellt werden.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://orgprints.org/4120/1/4120%2Dlughofer%2Ds%2Det%2Dal%2D1997%2Dwwf%2Dgrundwasser.pdf

Kraftstoffverbrauch und Reduktionspotenziale
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Moitzi, Dr. Gerhard; Boxberger, Univ. Prof. Dr. Josef.
Although Organic Farming has lower CO2-Emission than Conventional Farming, there  is a further need to reduce the direct energy input especially in form of fossil fuel  consumption. Burning of one liter fossil diesel in an engine emits 2.62 kg fossil CO2.  Some selected measurements for increasing the fuel efficiency are presented and  discussed. Soil tillage with mould plough is an energy intensive process. Alternative  soil tillage systems without plough should be adapted for specific requirements in  Organic Farming. The usage of bio fuel (pure plant oil in adapted engines) in Organic  Farming should be more promoted
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil tillage.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/14520/1/Moitzi_14520.pdf

Kvælstof forsvinder
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.
Ved opgørelse af kvælstofbalancer er der oftest en andel af det tilførte kvælstof, der ikke kan gøres rede for. Andelen varierer fra nogle få procent og i visse tilfælde op til halvdelen af det tilførte kvælstof. I det igangværende Føjo-projekt ØKOVAND er vi i gang med undersøgelser, der måske kan besvare, hvor noget af det resterende kvælstof bliver af.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1838/1/klumme.doc

Kvælstofmanagement på store økologiske kvægbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Askegaard, M.; Søegaard, K.
Store økologiske besætninger kræver meget kløvergræs tæt på gården. Udnyttelse og tab af kvælstof i disse græsintensive sædskifter kan kontrolleres af management. I græsmarken kan afgræsningsperioden eller gødningstilførsel reduceres, og efter ompløjning af græs kan grønbyg med italiensk rajgræs reducere udvaskningen til at minimum.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16294/1/16294.pdf

Kvælstofregnskaber på husdyrbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Halberg, Niels; Kristensen, Ib Sillebak; Møller, Berit E.
At begrænse tabet af nærringsstoffer til det omgivende miljø indgår som en del af mange landmænds mål for god driftledelse. Det er vanskeligt at måle eller beregne det faktiske tab af kvælstof fra husdyrbedrifter, og der findes endnu ingen modeller, som kan beregne de enkelte tabsposter rimeligt præcist og samtidigt redegør for den samlede omsætning af kvælstof (N) på bedriften. Separate opgørelser af udnyttelse og tab af N fra enten besætning eller marker giver et mangelfuldt billede af bedriftens reelle udnyttelse af N. Derimod kan en beregning af en husdyrbedrifts samlede omsætning og overskud af N give et godt udtryk for det potentielle N-tab til det omgivende miljø. Ved DJF er der i flere år udført analyser af N-omsætningen og N-udnyttelse i...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://orgprints.org/13116/1/13116.pdf

Kvælstofudvaskningen i de økologiske sædskifter (Sædskiftet holder på kvælstoffet)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Askegaard, Margrethe.
Store forskelle mellem lokaliteterne    Udvaskningen af nitrat-kvælstof (N) var størst på den grovsandede jord på Jyndevad. Som gennemsnit af første rotation blev der i sædskifte 2 (uden fangafgrøde og med gødning) udvasket 11 kg N/ha på Holeby, 26 kg N/ha på Flakkebjerg, 44 kg N/ha på Foulum og 92 kg N/ha på Jyndevad. På  Holeby og Flakkebjerg var udvaskningen muligvis endnu mindre idet roddybden kan overstige dybden af de installerede sugeceller. Sugecellerne der anvendes til at opsamle jordvæske er installeret i 0,8 m dybde på Jyndevad og i 1 m dybde på de øvrige lokaliteter.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/398/1/A2002%2D1.pdf

Kväveeffektivitet i ekologisk odling-slutsatser från gårdsstatistik
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Linder, Janne.
Som ett led i Jordbruksverkets arbete med utvärdering av jordbrukspolitikens miljöeffekter har vi samlat in uppgifter om användningen av växtnäring i ekologisk odling. Telefonintervjuer genomfördes med cirka 1200 lantbrukare som helt eller delvis lagt om till ekologisk odling. Ur statistiken har vi gjort bedömningar av den totala växtnäringsförsörjningen i ekologisk odling. Vi har också gjort markbalanser för olika inriktningar. Ur detta har vi dragit slutsatser om uthålligheten och effektiviteten för den ekologiska odling vi har idag.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/7113/1/Nutrientstat.pdf

Lack of increased availability of root-derived C may explain the low N2O emission from low N-urine patches
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Klumpp, Katja; Xavier, Le Roux.
Urine deposition on grassland causes significant N2O losses, which in some cases may result from increased denitrification stimulated by labile compounds released from scorched plant roots. Two 12-day experiments were conducted in 13C-labelled grassland monoliths to investigate the link between N2O production and carbon mineralization following application of low rates of urine-N. Measurements of N2O and CO2 emissions from the monoliths as well as δ13C signal of evolved CO2 were done on day -4, -1, 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 after application of urine corresponding to 3.1 and 5.5 g N m-2 in the first and second experiment, respectively. The δ13C signal was also determined for soil organic matter, dissolved organic C and CO2 evolved by microbial respiration. In...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10145/1/10145.pdf

Landscape Agroecology: managing interactions between agriculture, nature and socio-economy
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy.
State of the art GIS and database technologies for landscape scale analysis and the modelling of land use and environmental impacts are presented. These methods have been developed at University of Aarhus in multidisciplinary collaboration with other research institutions throughout Europe; for example during the EU research projects www.mea-scope.org and www.sensor-ip.eu.  In the years to come, these landscape scale research methods are further developed and integrated with similar frameworks in other EU countries, and used for scenario studies (see for example the landscape components of http://www.nitroeurope.eu/, http://www.darcof.dk/research/darcofiii/refugia.html or http://www.darcof.dk/research/darcofiii/bioconcens.html).  Scenario studies,...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/19313/1/19313a.pdf

Landwirtschaftsbürtige Stickstoff- und Phosphor-Überschüsse - Nährstoffbilanzen der Landkreise Nordrhein-Westfalens.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido; Bach, Martin; Zerger, Corinna.
Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) weist eine vielfältige naturräumliche Ausstattung und regionalräumlich unterschiedliche Agrarstruktur auf. In den Mittelgebirgen im Süden, im Rheinland bis zum Niederrhein und im Münsterland haben die landwirtschaftlichen Betriebe in den letzten Jahrzehnten verschiedene Wege der Intensivierung und Spezialisierung verfolgt. Die aktuellen Flächenbilanzsalden für Stickstoff und Phosphor spiegeln die Auswirkungen vorherrschender Produktionsstrukturen in den Regionen wieder. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist die flächendeckende Darstellung der Flächenbilanzsalden für Stickstoff und Phosphor in den Landkreisen NRWs.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/13926/1/LOEBF_NP_BilanzNRW05.pdf

Langfristige Effekte einer Grünlanderneuerungsmaßnahme auf den Bodenkohlenstoffgehalt und die N2O-Emissionen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Biegemann, Thorsten; Loges, Ralf; Taube, Friedhelm.
An increased demand for renewable raw materials for food and energy production has led to an increased intensification of agricultural production in northern Europe. Grassland, as well as arable production, has been affected by this development. Extensive grassland swards are often renovated with the aim of improving herbage yield and quality. The renovation of grassland leads to a reduction of CO2-C-fixation rates and increased soil mineralization processes. As a result levels of carbon losses and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions increased in the short-term [1, 2]. Few studies have been carried out on the development of soil carbon and nitrous oxide emissions in medium or long-term (&gt;1 year). In order to identify carbon sequestration and N2O-emissions...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21569/1/21569_Biegemann.pdf

Leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) from grass-clover pastures after ploughing
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Eriksen, J.; Hansen, E.M.
In mixed arable grassland systems there can be a considerable build-up of nitrogen (N) caused by input through symbiotic N2 fixation and by the deposition from grazing animals. After ploughing of such grazed grassland large amounts of inorganic N may be released through mineralisation and subsequently leached to deeper soil layers or eventually to the groundwater. However, not much is known about the contribution of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) to the total amount of N leached.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions; Soil tillage.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/3374/1/3374.pdf

Leaching of organic nitrogen and carbon after cultivating grass-clover pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
Leaching of organic nitrogen (DON) and carbon (DOC) was measured after cultivating grass-clover of different age. It was found that DON and escpecially DOC was lost in considerable amounts, and that the leaching depends upon crop and management. The highest concentrations of DON were measured in the bare soil treatment, whereas concen-trations in catch crop treatments were between 1.2 and 3.2 mg N L-1. The leaching of DOC showed opposite trends compared to leaching of DON with higher values in the catch crop treatments (296 - 310 kg DOC ha-1) than in bare soil treatments (174 - 217 kg DOC ha-1).
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5374/1/5374.pdf

Leaching of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in sandy soils after cultivating grass-clover swards
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
Dissolved organic matter is the basis for many of the biogeochemical processes in the soil. Several studies have focused on the formation and losses of dissolved organic matter in forest systems, whereas a limited number have dealt with this aspect in agricultural soils. The purpose of this study was to estimate the leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), with focus on the period after cultivating grass-clover swards. Grass-clovers were ploughed in the spring prior to sowing cereals followed by either catch crops or bare soil. The concentrations of DOC and DON decreased with soil depth and ranged at 90 cm soil depth between 7 and 21 mg C L-1, and between 1 and 3 mg N L-1, respectively in a sandy loam soil, and between 16 and 63 mg C...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/5371/1/5371.pdf

Legehennen in einem mobilen Stallsystem - Flächenmanagement und resultierende Stickstoffgehalte im Auslauf -
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Fürmetz, A.; Keppler, C.; Knierim, U.; Deerberg, F.; Heß, J.
In the last years free range poultry was often criticised for its negative impacts on environment. As the animals do not use the run equally, a big part of the excreted nutrients are accumulated in the area close to the poultry house. This can lead to an increased rate of nutrient loss especially nitrogen by leaching.  Within this study the use of a mobile housing system for 1.000 layers on an organic farm in North Hessia with a mean of 700 mm precipitation per year and an average of 8,9°C (soil texture: loam in the first, silt loam in the second year) was observed for two years. A documentation and optimization of the management and regular investigations into the contents of mineral nitrogen in all parts of the outdoor run were carried out. The aim of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Poultry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/3772/1/3772.pdf

Leistungen der ökologischen Landwirtschaft zur Vermeidung von Stoffeinträgen in das Grund- und Oberflächenwasser im Vergleich zu konventioneller Bewirtschaftung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kusche, Daniel; Hoppe, Johanna; Hupe, Anke; Heß, Jürgen.
Stoffeinträge aus der Landwirtschaft in das Grund- und Oberflächenwasser stellen ein hohes Umweltrisiko dar. In einer systematischen Literaturübersicht wurden ökologische und konventionelle Landwirtschaft hinsichtlich der jeweiligen Belastungen des Grund- und Oberflächenwassers im Vergleich untersucht. Insgesamt wurden 96 Vergleichsstudien mit 308 Vergleichpaaren evaluiert. 63% der Vergleichpaare zeigen Vorteile des ökologischen Landbaus in Bezug auf Nitratausträge, genauso 90% der Vergleichspaare in Bezug auf Pestizidbelastungen. Im Schnitt (Median) können unter ökologischer Bewirtsvchaftung 28% weniger Nitratauswaschungen festgestellt werden als in der konventionellen Landwirtschaft, zudem werden keine Pestizide und vermutlich auch weniger...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36226/1/Beitrag_302_final_b.pdf

Leistungen des Biologischen Landbaus für den Grundwasserschutz
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kratochvil, Ruth; Plakolm, Gerhard.
Der Biologische Landbau – synonym auch als Ökologischer oder Organischer Landbau bezeichnet – gilt unter den derzeit in Mitteleuropa praktizierten Landbewirtschaftungssystemen als die umweltfreundlichste, den Kriterien der Nachhaltigkeit am besten entsprechende Landbauform. Der Beitrag, den die Biologische Landwirtschaft insbesondere zum Grund- und Trinkwasserschutz leisten kann, wird im Folgenden dargestellt.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/2408/1/Kratochvil_et_al_2002_Biolandbau_Grundwasser.htm

Linking N2O emissions from biochar-amended soil to the structure and function of the N-cycling microbial community
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Harter, Johannes; Krause, Hans-Martin; Schüttler, Stefanie; Ruser, Reiner; Fromme, Markus; Scholten, Thomas; Kappler, Andreas; Behrens, Sebastian.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) contributes 8% to global greenhouse gas emissions. Agricultural sources represent about 60% of anthropogenic N2O emissions. Most agricultural N2O emissions are due to increased fertilizer application. A considerable fraction of nitrogen fertilizers are converted to N2O by microbiological processes (that is, nitrification and denitrification). Soil amended with biochar (charcoal created by pyrolysis of biomass) has been demonstrated to increase crop yield, improve soil quality and affect greenhouse gas emissions, for example, reduce N2O emissions. Despite several studies on variations in the general microbial community structure due to soil biochar amendment, hitherto the specific role of the nitrogen cycling microbial community in...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25755/1/Harter_et_al_ISMEJ_2013.pdf

Links between profitability, nitrogen surplus, greenhouse gas emissions, and energy intensity on organic and conventional dairy farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Flaten, Ola; Koesling, Matthias; Hansen, Sissel; Veidal, Asbjørn.
This study examines the relationships between profitability,nitrogen (N) surplus, greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), and energy intensity and factors influencing these relationships in dairy farming. In-depth data from 10 conventional and 8 organic dairy farms in Western Norway were analyzed. Organic farms had lower N surplus per hectare (local, onfarm) and per unit output (global, cradle-to-farm-gate), and lower estimated GHG emissions and energy intensity per unit output, whereas labor input and farm profits did not differ. Higher profitability tended to be associated with improved performance of the environmental indicators examined.  Intensification through increased use of concentrates tended to improve profit and reduce N surplus, GHG emissions, and...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Dairy cattle; Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018

Livscyklusvurdering af økologiske og konventionelle planteavlssædskifter - fokus på drivhusgasemissioner
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Hermansen, John E.; Meyer-Aurich, Andreas.
Life cycle assessment of organic and conventional arable  crop rotations -  focusing on greenhouse gas emissions.    Five arable crop rotations in long-term field trials were  investigated; four organic and one conventional - in three  years on three different locations in Denmark. The organic crop rotations represented alternative scenarios for outphasing conventional slurry in organic systems.    Crops from rotations with grass-clover for biogas in one out of four years had the lowest carbon footprint per kg crop DM. Including soil carbon changes in the life cycle assessment affected the results markedly.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19467/2/19467.pdf

Lohnt sich klimafreundlicher Bioackerbau?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schader, Christian; Meier, Matthias.
Ergebnisse  ❯ Die Gesamtdeckungsbeiträge liegen bei den Varianten mit reduzierter Bodenbearbeitung um 21-35% höher als bei den Pflugvarianten. Ein Grund sind die höheren Mais- und Weizenerträge bei reduzierter Bodenbearbeitung.  ❯ Bei den Produktionskosten bestehen keine Unterschiede. Einsparungen beim Verzicht auf den Pfl ug stehen zusätzliche Geräte und der Anbau einer Zwischenfrucht gegenüber.  ❯ Bei den Arbeitskraft- und Zugkraftstunden bestehen keine Unterschiede.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18867/4/schader-meier-2011-poster-schlatthof.pdf

Long term crop rotation trials at Jyndevad research station
Provedor de dados: 21
The experimental stations at Jyndevad was established in 1939, only a few kilometres from the Danish German border. The station has a total of 90 ha of farmed land, of which 79 ha are suited for experimental purposes. The soil is very a uniform Jb1 with 72 % of coarse sand. Due to the sandy soil, Jyndevad has specialized in irrigation. At Jyndevad there are two organic crop rotation systems at a total of 12 ha. The crop rotation systems are func-tioning as a platform for other research projects.
Tipo: Research facility description
Palavras-chave: Soil; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://orgprints.org/5349/1/5349.PDF

Long-term effects of cropping system on N2O emission potential
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, Søren O.; Ambus, Per; Elsgaard, Lars; Schjønning, P.; Olesen, Jørgen E.
The potential for N2O emissions outside the main growing season may be influenced by long-term effects of cropping system. This was investigated by collecting intact soil cores (100 cm3, 0-4 cm depth) under winter wheat in three organic cropping systems and a conventional reference within a long-term crop rotation experiment. Average annual inputs of C in crop residues and manure ranged from 1.7 to 3.3 Mg ha-1. A simulated freeze-thaw cycle resulted in a flush of CO2 during the first 48 h, which could be mainly from microbial sources. Other samples were adjusted to approximately –10, -30 or –100 hPa and amended with excess 15NO3- prior to freezing and thawing. Denitrification was the main source of N2O during a 72-h incubation at 22C, as judged from N2O...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/22014/1/22014.pdf

Losses of sediment and phosphorus through subsurface drains in a clayey field in southern Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Paasonen-Kivekäs, Maija; Koivusalo, Harri.
Seasonal and short-term transport of eroded soil (TSS), total phosphorus (total P) and dissolved orthophosphate phosphorus (DP) via tile drains were studied using on-farm monitoring data from a clayey field under cereal cultivation.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16301/1/pollutants8.pdf

Low Greenhouse Gas Agriculture: Mitigation and Adaptation Potential of Sustainable Farming Systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, U.; Fließbach, A.; Hepperly, P.; Scialabba, N.
Is low greenhouse gas emission (GHG) agriculture possible? Is it, in fact, desirable? In seeking answers to these two basic but extremely relevant questions, this study examines current farming practices, and incorporates scientific databases from longterm field experiments as case studies for low GHG agriculture. Further, the study examines the changes that will be needed for low greenhouse gas agriculture systems to become a reality. It also elucidates the adaptive capacity of agro-ecological farming system approaches, using organic system case studies from the scientific literature.    Each year, agriculture emits 10 to 12 percent of the total estimated GHG emissions, some 5.1 to 6.1 Gt CO2 equivalents per year. Smith, et al. (2007) and Bellarby, et al....
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15690/1/niggli-etal-2009-lowgreenhouse.pdf

Luomutuotannolla ilmastonmuutosta vastaan?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Autio, Sari; Pulkkinen, Hannele; Savikko, Riitta.
Luomutuotantoa pidetään ympäristöystävällisenä, mutta voiko se hidastaa ilmastonmuutosta? Jos luomua ja tavanomaista tuotantoa vertaillaan tuotantoyksikköä, kuten maitolitraa tai lihakiloa kohden, luomu näyttää tehottomalta. toisaalta, jos tuotantoa tarkastellaan pinta-alaa kohden, luomun ympäristöä kuormittavat vaikutukset voivat olla pienemmät.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/35133/1/Nauta%202_2018_Autio_Pulkkinen_Savikko.pdf

Luomutuotannosta eväitä ruokajärjestelmän kestävyysmuutokseen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Autio, Sari; Iivonen, Sari.
Luomutuotannossa Suomen peltoalasta on noin 13 % ja maatiloista noin joka kymmenes. Tässä katsauksessa tarkastelemme luomutuotannon vaikutuksia pohjoiseen ilmastoomme, vesistöihin ja luonnon monimuotoisuuteen julkaistun tutkimustiedon valossa ja arvioimme luomutuotannon mahdollisuuksia edistää ruokajärjestelmän kestävyyttä.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Food systems.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35392/1/Tieteess%C3%A4%20tapahtuu%203_2019.pdf

Macropore flow as influenced by grazing, fertilization and duration of the leys in organic dairy rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lamandé, M.; Eriksen, J.; Krogh, P.H.; Jacobsen, O.H.
Managed grasslands are characterized by rotations of leys and arable phases. Soil structure is inherited from the last tillage operations (ploughing, harrowing) and evolves during the leys because of climate, earthworms and roots activity, fertilisation, cutting operations or cattle trampling. We tested the effects of the duration of the leys, cattle trampling, and fertilisation on the infiltration of water in the soil profile in managed grasslands. The experiment was situated within the dairy crop rotation on loamy sand at the Foulum experimental farm (Denmark). Irrigation experiments were performed in the 1st and the 3rd year of pasture, with or without slurry application or grazing, and in winter rye. Each plot was irrigated during an hour with 18.5 mm...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20673/4/20673.pdf

Maîtrise foncière, pratiques agricoles durables et protection de la ressource en eau : quels outils d’intervention sur les AAC ?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Zambaux, Pauline; Melot, Romain; Aubry, C.
Enjeu de santé publique et de préservation des milieux, la protection des captages et de la ressource en  eau fait l’objet d’une série de dispositifs mis en oeuvre à la fois de façon règlementaire et volontaire. Les acteurs de la protection, à l’échelon local, ont notamment recours à toute la gamme d’outils fonciers : de la maîtrise de l’usage du sol à l’acquisition foncière en propriété. En plus, la mise en oeuvre de pratiques agricoles durables, par le biais du bail environnemental notamment, est une orientation forte pour concilier activité agricole et protection des ressources en eau. Les expériences observables en Île-de-France font état des obstacles rencontrés pour la mise en oeuvre de ce type d’actions. La principale difficulté, en dehors de la...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Regulation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/27927/1/Zambaux_2011_M%C3%A9moire_ABIPEC.pdf

Management af kvælstof i grovfodersædskiftet
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
I kvægsædskiftet håndteres store mængder kvælstof, som dels stammer fra N-fiksering i kløvergræsmarker og fra husdyrgødning. Især udnyttelsen af N ophobet i græsmarker stiller store krav til management. Men med god driftsledelse er det dog muligt at optimere N-udnyttelsen og dermed minimere tabene, som primært sker i form af nitratudvaskning.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10045/1/10045.doc

Managing soil carbon for climate change mitigation and adaptation in Mediterranean cropping systems: A meta-analysis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Aguilera, Eduardo; Lassaletta, Luis; Gattinger, Andreas; Gimeno, Benjamín S.
Mediterranean croplands are seasonally dry agroecosystems with low soil organic carbon (SOC) content and high risk of land degradation and desertification. The increase in SOC is of special interest in these systems, as it can help to build resilience for climate change adaptation while contributing to mitigate global warming through the sequestration of atmospheric carbon (C). We compared SOC change and C sequestration under a number of recommended management practices (RMPs) with neighboring conventional plots under Mediterranean climate (174 data sets from 79 references). The highest response in C sequestration was achieved by those practices applying largest amounts of C inputs (land treatment and organic amendments). Conservation tillage practices...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/26363/1/Aguilera_etal_2013_AEE.pdf

Mapping leaf nitrogen and leaf area index in European landscapes using high spatial resolution satellite data and the REGularized canopy reFLECtance (REGFLEC) model
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Boegh, E.; Houborg, R.; Bienkowski, J.; Dalgaard, Tommy; Dragisits, U.; Magliulo, E.
Leaf biochemistry and biophysical parameters are important for simulating soil‐vegetation‐atmosphere exchanges of energy, water, CO2 and ammonia. The accumulation of leaf nitrogen (N) in vegetation canopies is a major component of the ecosystem N balance, and leaf N concentration and leaf area index  (LAI) are important determinants of the maximum CO2 uptake by plants and trees. In NEU, high spatial resolution remote sensing data from the SPOT satellite were acquired to prepare maps of leaf N and LAI for 5 European landscapes. Mapping was conducted using the REGFLEC model which is an automatic and image‐based methodology developed for regional chlorophyll (Cab) and LAI estimation (ie. Houborg and Andersen, JARS 3, 2009). REGFLEC combines models for...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19047/4/19047.pdf

Marginal abatement costs for reducing leaching of nitrates in Croatian agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sumelius, John; Mesic, Milan; Grgic, Zoran; Kisic, Ivica; Franic, Ramona.
The aim of this paper is to estimate marginal abatement costs (MAC) of N-fertiliser tax policies which aim to prevent NO3 levels from rising. Estimates of MAC provide information on how large reductions in Nfertilisation rates should be before other measures are considered. Based on N-response experiments from Croatian field trials with maize, N-response curves were estimated and profit maximising N-doses were derived. Values of NO3-N concentration in lysimeter water from the same treatments were used to estimate an NO3-leaching function. A sample of 20 Croatian family farms was used to obtain records of producer and input prices as well as actual N-doses. Abatement costs and MAC for an N-tax, a product tax and an Nquota were estimated. The MAC for all the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/16842/1/sumelius.pdf

Maßzahlen der Energieeffizienz: Brennwerte oder Lebensmittel erzeugen?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Die Beurteilung des Energieeinsatzes der Erzeugung von Lebensmitteln erfordert ein anderes Effizienzkriterium als die Erzeugung von Brennstoffen. Die Energieeffizienz (Wirkungsgrad) stellt die Relation bzw. den Quotient von Energiezufuhr (Input) zu der Zielgröße Ertrag (Output: Masse oder Energie) dar. Der Energieertrag selbst ist kein geeigneter Maßstab zur Parametrisierung der Energieeffizienz. Um unterschiedliche Ertragsleistungen (Masse oder Energie) bei der Effizienzbeurteilung zu berücksichtigen, sind ev. verschiedene Leistungsklassen zu bilden.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://orgprints.org/13932/1/Brennwert_Lebensmittel96.pdf

Materials and Methods REFUGIA project working paper
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy.
The organic farming structure has been analysed for all  farms in Denmark 2005-2010. In 2005, the average farm size for organic farms was 50 ha, compared to 40 ha for conventional farms. For organic farms the largest average farm size in on sandy soils and for cattle farms, whereas the for conventional farms, the largest farms are on loamy soils, and cash crop, and pig farms.  The farms has been classified into farm types accoring to the EUROSTAT methods. Hobby farms are defined with a number of standard working hours under 1871 timer/år (typically under 10-25 ha). These farms normally are not included in national statistics, but are important to include in the REFUGIA studies, because these farms are important for biodiversity and have a relatively higher...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation; Denmark; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18941/1/18941.pdf

Measurement methods on pastures and their use in environmental life-cycle assessment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ohm, Magdalena; Schüler, Maximilian; Paulsen, Hans Marten; Warnecke, Sylvia; Rahmann, Gerold.
Grassland is an important and energy extensive feed source for livestock and good pasture management is required to maintain its productivity. Due to the selective grazing behavior of dairy cows and site and management related sward variability it is difficult to estimate pasture yield or pasture intake. A proper estimation of feed intake of animals on grassland enables the farmer to appropriately manage his pastures. Measurements of the variable feed offer at pasture plots with a rising plate meter are relatively quick. They offer a data basis to improve grazing and pasture management. These data are also used to describe material flows from grassland. On the explored pasture plots high differences in the dry matter intake of the cows were found....
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23884/1/23884%20Ohm_MM.pdf

Measurement of CO2 evolution in situ
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Eriksen, J.
Soil respiration is a major flux in the global carbon cycle, and accurate measurement of soil CO2 efflux is crucial in ecosystem carbon budgets. The CO2 efflux is the result of two processes; namely the CO2 production from root and soil respiration, and the transport of CO2 to the atmosphere.   Traditionally, soil CO2 fluxes have been measured in chambers covering small patches of the soil by using either a static chamber method, where enclosures are left for 24 hr. and CO2 is collected in soda lime, or a dynamic chamber method, where enclosures are left for a shorter period (minutes) during which CO2 is registered with an infrared gas analyzer. These chamber methods have a number of disadvantages including soil disturbance while placing the chamber,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/1815/1/Finn_Vinther_and_Jorgen_Eriksen.doc

Measurement of nutrient leakage from organic crop rotation in Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kuisma, M.; Seuri, P.
Water discharge and nutrient leakage studies were conducted in an experimental field on organic farming practices for 20 years. Water discharge was measured and flow-weighted water samples were taken from mixed crop rotation.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5221/1/5221.pdf

Methane emissions from livestock manure - effects of storage conditions and climate
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Sommer, Sven G.; Henriksen, Kaj.
Livestock manure contributes significantly to the global emission of methane (CH4). Methane is emitted during storage of both liquid and solid manure. Part of the solid manure is produced in loose housing systems with solid floors where the manure is stored in a deep litter mat, which is a mixture of straw, urine and faeces. As anaerobic conditions are found in the lower part of the deep litter mat, significant amounts of the carbon stored in the deep litter may be emitted as CH4. It has been estimated that a cattle deep litter mat contributed 11 to 18% of the total CH4 (from cattle digestion and litter) emitted. This source of CH4 does not seem to be included in the IPCC default value for solid manure. During outdoor storage of solid manure, CH4 can be...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/3480/1/3480.pdf

Methane transport and emissions from soil as affected by water table and vascular plants
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bhullar, Gurbir S.; Iravani, Majid; Edwards, Peter J.; Olde Venterink, Harry.
Background: The important greenhouse gas (GHG) methane is produced naturally in anaerobic wetland soils.  By affecting the production, oxidation and transport of methane to the atmosphere, plants have a major influence upon the quantities emitted by wetlands. Different species and functional plant groups have been shown to affect these processes differently, but our knowledge about how these effects are influenced by abiotic factors such as water regime and temperature remains limited. Here we present a mesocosm experiment comparing eight plant species for their effects on internal transport and overall emissions of methane under contrasting hydrological conditions. To quantify how much methane was transported internally through plants (the chimney...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25304/1/bhullar-etal-2013-BMC_Ecology-13-32-p1-9.pdf

Miljø- og klimavennlig melkeproduksjon - Inspirasjon fra seks melkeproduksjonsbruk
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Bakke, Haavik, Torleiv; Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Elvatun, Helena; van Gool, Bart; Lunnan, Tor; Røthe, Gunnhild; Walland, Finn.
I denne rapporten presenterer vi seks gårder som viser at det er mulig å forene god økonomi med en miljømessig bærekraftig produksjon, men økonomien var best på de største gårdene. Felles for alle gårdene er næringsrik jord med god jordstruktur og god drenering, fokus på agronomi og godt husdyrstell. Dette resulterte i gode avlinger, god utnytting av tilførte næringsstoff, moderat bruk av energi og moderate utslipp av klimagasser. Fra observasjoner på disse gårdene og diskusjon på arbeidsseminar med gårdbrukerne, prosjektgruppe og inviterte gjester kan vi tipse om noen tiltak for miljøvennlig melkeproduksjon: god drenering, lite kjøring på våt jord, utføre jordarbeiding, gjødsling og høsting straks været og jorda er egnet, slepeslange med stripespreder i...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Dairy cattle; Farming Systems; Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33980/1/NIBIO_RAPPORT_2018_4_96.pdf

Miljø- og klimavennlig melkeproduksjon. Inspirasjon fra seks melkeproduksjonsbruk.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine.
I denne rapporten presenteres seks gårder som viser at det er mulig å forene god økonomi med en miljømessig bærekraftig produksjon, men økonomien var best på de største gårdene. Felles for alle gårdene er næringsrik jord med god jordstruktur og god drenering, fokus på agronomi og godt husdyrstell. Dette resulterte i gode avlinger, god utnytting av tilførte næringsstoff, moderat bruk av energi og moderate utslipp av klimagasser. Fra observasjoner på disse gårdene og diskusjon på arbeidsseminar med gårdbrukerne, prosjektgruppe og inviterte gjester kan vi tipse om noen tiltak for miljøvennlig melkeproduksjon: god drenering, lite kjøring på våt jord, utføre jordarbeiding, gjødsling og høsting straks været og jorda er egnet, slepeslange med stripespreder i...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Buildings and machinery.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33649/1/NIBIO_RAPPORT_2018_4_96.pdf_sequence%3D2%26isAllowed%3Dy

Miljøeffekter af trynering og græsmarksstyring
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Ved Danmarks JordbrugsForskning er undersøgt effekten af ringning for både drægtige og diegivende søer. Formålet var samtidigt at undersøge effekten af trynering og dyretæthed på adfærd, græsdække og næringsstofafsætning. I forsøget, som foregik fra maj til slutningen af september, indgik søer med og uden ring. For søer uden ring anvendtes enten kontinuert brug af samme fold eller dobbelt belægning og foldskifte halvvejs.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10047/1/10047.doc

Miljøeffekter og energibalancer ved energiproduktion på økologiske planteavlsbedrifter
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, R.; Olesen, J.E.; Halberg, N.; Berntsen, J.
De sædskiftemæssige aspekter af energiproduktion i økologisk jordbrug er belyst ved anvendelse af to forskellige tilgangsvinkler ved hjælp af henholdsvis bedriftsmodellen FASSET anvendt på markniveau og ved hjælp af en livscyklusanalyse (LCA) på bedriftsniveau. FASSET-modellen giver mulighed for at vurdere effekter af anvendelse af kløvergræs til biogas på afgrødeudbytte og på miljøeffekter (kvælstofudvaskning og drivhusgasemissioner fra marken). LCA-analyserne giver mulighed for at vurdere effekter på energiproduktion sammenholdt med øvrige kilder til drivhusgasemissioner, herunder emissionerne fra energiforbrug og indkøbt foder.    I beregningerne med FASSET-modellen er der taget udgangspunkt i et rent planteavlssædskifte til økologisk jordbrug. I dette...
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4674/1/4674.doc

Mindre økologisk lattergas - Økologisk planteavl belaster ikke miljøet i samme grad som konventionel planteavl. Dette udsagn gælder måske også for udslippet af lattergas
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, Per.
Økølogisk plantedyrkning udleder mindre lattergas pr. areal end konventionel dyrkning. Målt i forhold til udbytter er der ingen forskel mellem de to systemer.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15810/1/15810.pdf

Mindre udvaskning fra økologer
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman.
Nye samlede resultater viser, at økologiske malkekvægbrug udvasker ca. 40 procent mindre kvælstof end de konventionelle malkekvægbrug, mens kvælstofudvaskningen på økologiske og konventionelle planteavlsbrug i gennemsnittet er ens.   Disse resultater omkring kvælstofudvaskning og økologisk jordbrug er nu samlet og udgivet i en artikel på engelsk, der er tilgængelig i Organic Eprints (http://orgprints.org/4637).
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10493/1/10493.pdf

Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from paddy farming by intercropping with other economically useful plants
Provedor de dados: 21
Rice is a major staple food crop and a significant natural source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A major increase in the production of rice will be indispensable in order to feed the burgeoning global population and in turn the GHG emissions –particularly methane and nitrous oxide – are expected to increase, unless new mitigation strategies are developed and applied.  This project explores the potential for developing new rice based cropping system integrated with novel strategies to mitigate GHG emissions. There are a number of aquatic plant species, which exists naturally in rice producing regions and are already part of human consumption in local cultures. We plan to test these plant species for their potential to reduce emissions of methane and...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Crop combinations and interactions; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Weed management.
Ano: 2023

Mitigating Greenhouse Gases in Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Muller, Adrian; Jawtusch, Julia; Gattinger, Andreas.
Climate change has severe adverse effects on the livelihood of millions of the world’s poorest people. Increasing temperatures, water scarcity and droughts, flooding and storms affect food security. Thus, mitigation actions are needed to pave the way for a sustainable future for all. Currently, agriculture directly contributes about 10-15 percent to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Adding emissions from deforestation and land use change for animal feed production, this rises to about 30 percent. Scenarios predict a significant rise in agricultural emissions without effective mitigation actions. Given all the efforts undertaken in other sectors, agriculture would then become the single largest emitter within some decades, and without mitigation in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19989/1/gatti.pdf

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies – Organic Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Fließbach, A.; Mäder, P.; Dioup, A.; Hepperly, P.; Luttikholt, L.; Scialabba, N.; Niggli, U.
This psoter presents information on the following  - The concept of organic farming in the context of climate change  - Carbon sequestration on organic farms  - Consequences of an area-wide conversion to organic agriculture
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15691/1/fliessbach-etal-2009-mitigation.pdf

Mitigation of phosphorus and faecal bacteria losses to water from horse paddocks
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Närvänen, Aaro; Jansson, Håkan.
The losses of P and faecal microbes from outdoor paddocks are possible to decrease by removing  dung, choosing the right floor materials and adding of the P-binding material into the surface layer  of the floor. In the present study, sand retained more P and faecal coliforms than woodchips. The  concentrations were lower in percolation water compared to surface runoff water, since the floor  materials retained P and sieved coliforms. Addition of Fe-containing amendment into the sand floor  decreased P concentrations and possibly also numbers of faecal coliforms in percolation water.  More research is, however, needed to obtain the right amendments and suitable amounts.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/19447/1/Uusi%2DK%C3%A4mpp%C3%A4.doc

Model analysis of environmental relations in a vegetable rotation experiment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
In a chapter which will be part of the final report from the Subproject 7 of the QLIF project (http://www.qlif.org/), the nitrogen relations of organic and conventional vegetable rotations are analysed using the EU-rotate simulation model. Measured data from the VegQure project are used, where a vegetable based rotation grown either conventionally, or organically using two different set of strategies (manure import v.s. cover crops and green manure).
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Farm nutrient management; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16346/1/16346.pdf

Modell zur Quantifizierung des Energieverbrauchs und der Treibhausgasemissionen von Biobetrieben
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schader, Christian; Meier, Matthias; Kuhn, Till; Jud, Katja; Oehen, Bernadette; Gattinger, Andreas; Stolze, Matthias.
Zusammenfassung   Während der Jahre 2009-2011 wurden am FiBL über verschiedene Projekte Grundlagen zur betrieblichen und produktbezogenen Energie- und Klimabilanzierung erarbeitet. Daraus wurde ein Modellansatz entwickelt, mit dem der Energieverbrauch und die Treibhausgasemissionen (THG-Emissionen) auf Betriebsebene abgeschätzt werden können. Aus diesen Vorarbeiten ist 2011 und 2012 das FiBL-Betriebsmodell entstanden, mit dem es möglich ist:  1. detaillierte Klimabilanzen von Schweizer Biobetrieben durchzuführen,   2. zwischenbetriebliche Vergleiche anzustellen und   3. die Auswirkungen von betrieblichen Veränderungen oder Anpassungsstrategien auf die THG-Emissionen zu berechnen.   Die grosse Stärke des Betriebsmodells ist seine hohe Flexibilität in Bezug...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20692/1/schader-et-al-betriebsmodell.pdf

Modellierung betrieblicher C- und N-Flüsse als Grundlage einer Emissionsin-ventur
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Küstermann, Björn; Wenske, Karl; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
In organic farms, the internal carbon and nitrogen fluxes are of great importance. They are connected with the soil fertility (humus contents, biological activity, and soil struc-ture) and yield potential; some of them may affect the environment. The approach used in the described model software allows quantifying management related and siting dependant C and N fluxes and also the resulting emissions as starting point for an emission inventory from farms.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/9654/1/9654_K%C3%BCstermann_Vortrag.doc

Modelling diverse root density dynamics and deep nitrogen uptake
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pedersen, Anders; Zhang, Kefeng; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Jensen, Lars Stoumann.
We present a 2-D model for simulation of root density and plant nitrogen (N) uptake for crops grown in agricultural systems, based on a modification of the root density equation originally proposed by Gerwitz and Page (1974). A root system form parameter was introduced to describe the distribution of root length vertically and horizontally in the soil profile. The form parameter can vary from 0 where root density is evenly distributed through the soil profile, to 8 where practically all roots are found near the surface. The root model has other components describing root features, such as specific root length and plant N uptake kinetics. The same approach is used to distribute root length horizontally, allowing simulation of root growth and plant N uptake...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16106/1/16106.pdf

Modelling manure NPK flows in organic farming systems to minimise nitrate leaching, ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emissions (OF0197)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Anon,.
Manure is an important source of organic matter and nutrients in organic farming systems, principally nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Careful management is required during storage, handling and land-spreading to (a) ensure the most efficient use of the nutrients in the farming system and (b) to limit emissions of nitrate (NO3), ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4) and P to the wider environment. With a likely increase in the organically farmed area, information is needed on best practices for manure management in organic systems to minimise the environmental impacts of these systems.   The aim was that software would calculate NPK fluxes associated with each aspect of the livestock system, and provide options to explore the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Technology transfer; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/6703/1/OF0197_2163_FRP.pdf

Modelling N2O emissions from organic fertilisers for LCA inventories
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Meier, Matthias S.; Schader, Christian; Berner, Alfred; Gattinger, Andreas.
Apart from mineral fertilisers, organic fertilisers act mainly via the soil C-N pool in order to provide available nitrogen to plants. This different mode of action is not reflected so far in the current IPCC N2O emission model. Here we propose a simple model to calculate N2O emissions from organic fertilisers and plant residues. It considers the long-term immobilisation of N within stable organic matter in the soil as well as the mineralisation of additional N from the soil pool. A first test with field data showed reliable simulations of measured N2O emissions. By comparing values generated by our model with values generated by the IPCC model we show that the IPCC model may overestimate emissions from organic fertilisers. Therefore, within LCA...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/24707/1/Meier-etal-2012-LCAConference-Okt12.pdf

Modelling of N2O emissions from grasslands in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chatskikh, Dmitri; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Berntsen, Jørgen.
A dynamic algorithm to simulate the N2O production and emission from nitrification and denitrification has been included in the field component of the FASSET whole-farm model. Firstly, the model was tested on experimental data of N2O emissions from typical North European grasslands with mineral soils (Denmark, Finland, UK), differing in climatic conditions, soil properties and management. A good agreement was obtained between simulated and measured seasonal N2O emissions grazed and mown grasslands. The predicted annual N2O emissions were generally in accordance with the emission factor of 1.25% suggested by IPCC. Secondly, the model was tested under different climatic and management scenarios applicable for Denmark. The reasonable calculations of potent...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4131/1/4131.doc

Modelluntersuchungen zu Treibhausgasemissionen der ökologischen und konventionellen Milcherzeugung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Frank, Helmut; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen.
A model to analyse the fossil energy input and the greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions of dairy farms is presented. The model was applied in model farms that base on a set of real dairy farms. The subject of the examination is to identify the major energy inputs and contributing factors to the GHG-emissions of dairy farming. The results show that the fodder production, the milking process and the breeding of heifers are the biggest energy inputs. The main sources of GHG are the fodder production and methane from digestion. Strategies to optimise farming systems and to mitigate GHG-emissions from dairy farms can be derived from the results.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions; Technology transfer.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21613/1/21613_Frank.pdf

Monitoring and Management of Energy and Emissions in agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Little, Tony.
The primary purpose of this review is to collate the results of research into energy use and emissions in organic farming, and to provide advisors with an analysis of the results, access to the data used and a review of the benchmarking methodologies available. The review will inform those working in the development of benchmarking tools and advising farmers on practices to improve their performance. Specifically it will:  •Identify organic management practices to reduce energy inputs and minimise the global warming potential of the system  •Identify appropriate auditing methodologies  •Facilitate access to input data (energy use and emissions figures for agricultural activities) which can be used in the development of an auditing tool  •Summarise the...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13564/1/Res_review_6_little.pdf

Monitoring strategies and scale-appropriate hydrologic and biogeochemical modelling for natural resource management
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bende-Michl, U.; Volk, M.; Harmel, D.; Newham, L.; Dalgaard, T.
This short communication paper presents recommendations for developing scale-appropriate monitoring and modelling strategies to assist decision making in natural resource management (NRM). These ideas presented here were discussed in the session (S5) ‘Monitoring strategies and scale-appropriate hydrologic and biogeochemical modelling for natural resource management’ session at the 2008     International  Environmental Modelling and Simulation Society conference, Barcelona, Spain. The outcomes of the session and recent international studies exemplify the need for a stronger collaboration and communication between researcher and model developer on the one side, and natural resource   managers and the model users on the other side to increase knowledge in: 1)...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18942/4/18942.pdf

Monitoring Sustainability Functioning, aims and results of the BNN-Monitor on Sustainability
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Wegner, Karin; Hilger, Hilmar; Schlage, Marion.
The BNN-Monitor on Sustainability was developed to analyze, communicate and coordinate sustainability performance of processors and wholesalers of organic products. It was developed in a joint process by BNN and its participating members. It is built on about 140 criteria in a three columns model of ecological, social and economic issues. A yearly report shows the achievements, makes them comparable and gives a basis to communicate on company and organic sector level.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23942/7/23942.pdf

More effective agricultural water protection (TEHO project 2008-2010)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasa, Kimmo; Kulmala, Airi; Talola, Sami.
TEHO project is focused on agricultural water protection issues in the area of southwest Finland, which cover around 12000 farms and 20 % of Finnish arable land.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/17967/1/njf.pdf

Multispecies grasslands for crop productivity and carbon storage
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Mortensen, T.; Søegaard, K.
Organic grasslands have long been recognized for their provision of ecosystem functions and services and this may be further increased by inclusion of appropriate herb species. Inclusion of herb species in grasslands has in the present experiment shown to increase yield stability. Furthermore, the data presented here has indicated some potential of species known to have deeper and denser rooting systems to increase belowground biomass, an important asset for C sequestration in grasslands
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24521/1/24521.pdf

N balance as an indicator of N leaching in long-term leaching fields
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Salo, Tapio; Turtola, Eila.
In the Finnish conditions, annual N leaching from the experimental plots was not adequately estimated using the respective annual N balances, or supplementing the estimation with annual precipitation, total runoff, or drainage runoff (Salo and Turtola, 2006). Values averaged over the years improved the estimation when management included such environmentally risky managements as bare fallow or off-season application of cow slurry (Salo and Turtola, 2006). Calculated with the linear regression (Salo and Turtola, 2006), N leaching was 20-57 % of the averaged N balance.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15808/1/longterm1.pdf

N2O emission from grass-clover swards is largely unaffected by recently fixed N2
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thyme, M.; Ambus, P.
The contribution of biologically fixed dinitrogen (N2) to the nitrous oxide (N2O) production in grasslands is unknown. To assess the contribution of recently fixed N2 as a source of N2O and the transfer of fixed N from clover to companion grass, mixtures of white clover and perennial ryegrass were incubated for 14 days in a 15N2-enriched atmosphere (0.4 atom% excess). Immediately after labelling, half of the grass-clover pots were sampled for N2 fixation determination, whereas the remaining half were examined for emission of 15N labelled N2O for another eight days using a static chamber method. Biological N2 fixation measured in grass-clover shoots and roots as well as in soil constituted 342, 38 and 67 mg N m-2 d-1 at 16, 26 and 36 weeks after emergence,...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4148/1/4148.pdf

N2O-Emissionen eines schnittgenutzten Kleegrasbestand unter Berücksichtigung von Narbenalter und Düngung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Biegemann, Thorsten; Loges, Ralf; Chen, Shimeng; Taube, Friedhelm.
Die Landwirtschaft trägt weltweit mehr als 50% zu den globalen N2O-Emissionen bei. Überwiegend entstehen diese durch Nitrifikation, Nitrifikation/Denitrifikation und Denitrifikation in gedüngten Böden. Die Verfügbarkeit von leicht mineralisierbarer organischer Substanz in Kombination mit einem hohen Boden-N-Angebot begünstigen vermutlich  vor allem die heterotrophen Denitrifikanten, welche hypothetisch den größten Beitrag zu den N2O-Emissionen aus Böden leisten. Gewöhnlich führt die mechanische Bodenbearbeitung wie zum Beispiel der Grünlandumbruch zu einem gesteigerten Angebot an schnell mineralisierbaren Kohlenstofffraktionen und einer gesteigerten N-Mineralisation. Zur Einschätzung der N2O-Emissionen von  einem ökologisch bewirtschafteten...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/17737/3/Biegemann_17737.pdf

Nährstoffeinträge in der Freilandhaltung von Legehennen - Eignung von Kies im Nahbereich
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Deerberg, Frauke; Jalane, Verena; Deerberg, Friedhelm; Heß, Jürgen.
Der stallnahe Bereich wird in Grünausläufen von Legehennen besonders stark beansprucht. Durch den vollständigen Verlust der Grasnarbe sind hier häufig Erosion, Verschlämmung und Pfützenbildung zu beobachten. Zur Verringerung von Infektionsrisiken durch Erreger und der Anzahl von Schmutzeiern wird der Stallrandbereich, nach gängiger Empfehlung, oft mit Kies befestigt. Durch die starke Nutzung des Bereiches kommt es dort zu hohen Stickstoffeinträgen, die sich durch fortlaufenden Eintrag bei fehlendem Entzug akkumulieren und im Falle des NO3-N auswaschungsgefährdet sind. Ziel der Untersuchung war es daher zu testen, inwiefern sich Kies unter dem Aspekt des Nährstoffeintrages als Substrat im Nahbereich von Legehennenausläufen eignet. Geprüft wurden die...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Poultry; Health and welfare; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36126/1/Beitrag_198_final_a.pdf

Nährstoffeinträge in Entwässerungssysteme norddeutscher Grünlandgebiete: Analyse zur Ableitung von Handlungsempfehlungen (Verbundvorhaben)
Provedor de dados: 21
Das hier beschriebene Verbundvorhaben umfasst folgende Teilprojekte: FKZ 17NA003, FKZ 17NA004, FKZ 17NA005, FKZ 17NA006 und FKZ 17NA007.  Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/id/saved_search/1727.   Das im vorliegenden Antrag beschriebene Projekt Waterbuddies zielt darauf ab, eine Verbesserung der Nährstoffbelastung von Oberflächengewässern zu erreichen. Es verfolgt einen transdisziplinären und transformativen Ansatz, welcher die gemeinsame Beteiligung und enge Kooperation verschiedener Akteure und Experten erfordert (sechs Teilprojekte/Module).   In dem dreijährigen Projekt arbeitet das Grünlandzentrum Niedersachsen / Bremen Seite...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Pasture and forage crops; Beef cattle; Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2023

Nährstoffmanagement im Ökologischen Gemüsebau mit neuen Düngestrategien und EDV-gestützten Tools (Verbundvorhaben)
Provedor de dados: 21
Das hier beschriebene Verbundvorhaben umfasst folgende Teilprojekte: FKZ 18OE013, FKZ 18OE057, FKZ 18OE058, FKZ 18OE059, FKZ 18OE060, FKZ 18OE061, FKZ 18OE062, FKZ 18OE063 und FKZ 18OE064.  Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/id/saved_search/1729.  Ziel des Vorhabens ist die Verbesserung des Nährstoffmanagements im ökologischen Gemüseanbau im Sinne einer Erhöhung der N-Effizienz, ausgewogenen K-Bilanzen und einer Verringerung der P- und S-Überbilanzen, im Freiland wie im geschützten Anbau. Unser Vorhaben basiert auf einer Zusammenstellung des aktuellen Wissenstands, der durch exemplarische Erhebungen von Nährstoffimporten (v.a....
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

Nährstoffsalden und Nitratgehalte des Sickerwassers in ökologisch und konventionell bewirtschafteter Ackerflächen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hege, U.; Fischer, A.; Offenberger, K.
Die Nährstoffsalden ökologisch bewirtschafteter Betriebe lagen bei den Hauptnährstoffen Stickstoff, Phosphat und Kali deutlich unter den Salden konventionell bewirtschafteter Betriebe. Bei Phosphat und Kali wurden negative Salden festgestellt. Bei mittel- und langfristiger Betrachtung werden die pflanzenverfügbaren Bodengehalte sinken. Unter 10 mg/100 g Boden muss im Rahmen der zugelassenen Möglichkeiten eine Erhaltungsdüngung durchgeführt werden, wenn das mögliche Ertragspotential ausgeschöpft werden soll. Die dargestellten Unterschiede der Stickstoffsalden bei konventioneller und ökologischer Bewirtschaftung werden durch Untersuchungsergebnisse hinsichtlich der Nitratkonzentration im Sickerwasser bestätigt. Nach unseren Untersuchungen lag die...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1316/1/1316%2Dhege%2Du%2Det%2Dal%2D2003%2Dsickerwasser.pdf

N-Auswaschung unter ökologisch und konventionell bewirtschafteten Praxisflächen in Norddeutschland – Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt COMPASS
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kelm, Michael; Loges, Ralf; Taube, Friedhelm.
Nitrogen (N) leaching, especially in the form of nitrate (NO3-), still represents a major environmental impact from agriculture. In order to estimate potential N leaching losses under conditions on commercial farms in Northern Germany, N leaching was analyzed by using ceramic suction cups on representative fields on eight organic and conventional farms. On dairy farms, permanent grassland and maize for silage were analyzed as the main fodder crops. On arable farms, one crop with a high risk and one with a low risk of N leaching losses were selected. On permanent grassland, N leaching was pronouncedly lower on organic farms. If grass/clover on organic farms was ploughed, high amounts of N were leached in the following winter, irrespective if grass/clover...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11005/1/256_9765_Kelm_N%2DAuswaschung.pdf

N-Bilanzen ökologischer und konventioneller Praxisbetriebe in Norddeutsch-land – Ergebnisse aus dem Projekt COMPASS
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kelm, Dr. Michael; Loges, Dr. Ralf; Taube, Prof. Dr. Friedhelm.
Nutrient balances are important agri-environmental indicators, which describe the magnitude of potential nutrient losses from farming systems to the environment. In order to analyze production systems at the entire farm scale, nitrogen balances and other agri-environmental indicators were assessed on 32 organic and conventional farms in Northern Germany. On organic farms, nitrogen fixation of legumes was determined on representative fields. Irrespective of the specialization (all-arable farms, dairy farms), nitrogen surpluses were always pronouncedly lower on organic farms compared to conventional farms. Organic farms generally conducted a sustainable nutrient management. However, the total nitrogen supply at the farm scale was not sufficient on many...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11004/1/231_9707_Kelm_N%2DBilanzen.pdf

New Approaches to Phosphorus Regulation and Management
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Cornish, Peter; Obersen, Astrid.
Phosphorus (P) conservation and the environmental, ecological and economic issues related to over-use and under-use of P on organic farms are addressed. Re-examination of Certification Standards is recommended to ensure the conservation and efficient use of P through adaptation of organic management to local conditions, ecology, culture and scale. Changes that will conserve P and minimise environmental risk are identified, along with the necessary research to make this possible.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12830/1/12830.pdf

Nitrat im Grundwasser: Der Streit um die Ursachen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Der Organische Landbau hat in Mitteleuropa seinen Ausgangspunkt unter anderem in der von Rudolf Steiner initiierten Biologisch-dynamischen Wirtschaftsweise. Anlass für Rudolf Steiner, den sogenannten 'Landwirtschaftlichen Kurs' abzuhalten, waren Anfragen von Landwirten zur Überwindung der "degenerierten Produktqualität für Ernährung ('Nährwert') und Saatgut" (STEINER 1924, SCHAUMANN 1996). Die Auswirkung der mineralischen Düngung stand seinerzeit im Mittelpunkt der kritischen Betrachtung.   Allerdings wurden damals nur in vergleichsweise geringen Mengen mineralische Stickstoffdünger ausgebracht. In Deutschland wurden in den Jahren 1928, 1938/39 und 1950/51 lediglich 14, 25 bzw. 26 kg N/ha mineralisch gedüngt. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg bildete das Kernziel...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/2218/1/2218%2Dhaas%2D2003%2DLE%2DNitrat.pdf

Nitrate leaching and energy efficiency of stockless arable systems compared with mixed farming and a non-organic system on fertile soils in Northern Germany
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Loges, Ralf; Kelm, Michael; Taube, Friedhelm.
Previous studies based on either small-scale plot experiments or modelling approaches, indicate a lower risk of nitrate leaching and a higher energy efficiency in organic than in conventional farming systems. Because there is still a lack of data measured at the farm scale, which also take farm type and farming practices into account, a comparison between an N-intensive non-organic, two organic all-arable crop rotations and a typical rotation of a mixed organic farm was carried out over a three-year period at a highly productive site in Northern Germany. Comparing the all-arable crop rotations, the organic systems had 70% lower potential yields than the regional typical conventional crop rotation. In spite of 60% lower input of fossil energy an N-intensive...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12256/1/Loges_12256_ed.doc

Nitrate leaching and spring wheat bread making quality following cultivation of grasslands of different composition, age and management
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Pedersen, L.; Jørgensen, J.R.
The influence of sward botanical composition and ley age on grassland residual effects, quality of spring wheat and subsequent nitrate leaching was investigated. Grazed grasslands of different age (1, 2 and 8 production years) and composition (unfertilised grass-clover and fertilised perennial ryegrass) were ploughed and followed by spring wheat and spring barley. For reference, an adjacent field without grassland history but with the same crop sequence in 2002-2003 was treated with increasing quantities of N fertiliser. Yields and N uptake of spring wheat following grasslands always exceeded those of the reference plots with a history of cereal production. The nitrogen fertiliser replacement values of grass-clover and ryegrass were 59-100 and 72-121 kg...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10042/1/10042.pdf

Nitrate leaching: comparing conventional, integrated and organic agricultural production systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido; Berg, Martin; Köpke, Ulrich.
The impact of conventional, integrated and organic practices on groundwater quality were studied in northwestern Germany. Between 1993 and 1997 nitrogen budgets and the nitrate content of the unsaturated zone (soil sampling and porous suction cups) were measured in two field trials located on a clayey loam and a loamy sand, respectively. In each year of investigation three main crops per farming system were compared according to the defined site(soil)-adapted crop rotation. There was little decrease in the NO3-concentration of the percolate and the amount of leached N (15% less) by shifting from conventional practice to integrated farming. Converting to organic farming reduced leaching losses of nitrogen by more than 50 %. Yields of the organic field plots...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/1402/1/handbuch%2Dkein%2DDokument.pdf

Nitrate leaching from organic and conventional crop production farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, J.E.; Berntsen, J.; Petersen, B.M.; Kristensen, I.S.
Farm accounting data from the Institute of Food Economics and from Central Agricultural Registers in Denmark were used to define the import of nitrogen (N) to farmed fields on conventional and organic arable farms to 129 and 51 kg N ha-1 yr-1, respectively. Based on the recorded distribution of crops, a generalised crop rotation was defined for each of the two farming systems. The crop rotation for the organic farm had a high share of spring cereals and additionally 20% grass-clover in the rotation, whereas the conventional rotation was dominated by cereals, primarily winter cereals.    The FASSET model was used to simulate the N balance of these two crop rotations. This included N leaching and change in the soil organic N pool. All simulations were...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4671/1/4671.doc

Nitrate leaching from organic farming systems with rotational grass-clover and arable crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berntsen, J.; Grant, R.; Olesen, J.E.; Kristensen, I.S.; Vinther, F.P.; Mølgaard, J.P.; Petersen, B.M.
Organic farming is considered an effective mean of reducing nitrogen losses compared with more intensive conventional farming systems. However, under certain conditions organic farming may also be susceptible to high nitrogen (N) losses. This is especially the case for organic dairy farms on sandy soils that use grazed grass-clover in rotation with cereals, which may lead to high rates of nitrate leaching.   A study was conducted on two commercial organic farms on sand and loamy sand soils. On each farm a three year old grass-clover field was selected. Half of the field was ploughed the first year and the other half was ploughed the next year. Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was sown after the spring ploughing. Measurements showed a low N leaching...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Farming Systems; Soil biology; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/4642/1/4642.doc

Nitrate leaching from silage maize
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
During the last 20 years the area with maize in Denmark has increased dramatically and reached 163,000 ha in 2008. Silage maize is easy to grow, is a suitable fodder for cows and goes well with grass-clover in the diet. This means that silage maize is often found in crop rotations with grass-clover on sandy soils in western Denmark. The ploughing in of grass-clover fields poses a serious risk of increased nitrate leaching on a coarse sandy soil, even when carried out in spring. With increased maize cropping, there is therefore a need for strategies to reduce nitrate leaching after ploughing of grass-clover.In the ICROFS project, OrgGrass, we examined the effect of catch crop and slurry application on nitrate leaching from maize after a spring-ploughed...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/17876/1/17876.pdf

Nitrate leaching in crop rotations with grass-clover as influenced by sward age, grazing, cutting and fertilizer regimes
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Askegaard, M.; Søegaard, K.
Grazing animals have profound effects on pastoral systems including nutrient removal by grazing and redistribution through excreta. Generally, in grazed pastures the conversion of consumed N into product is low and a substantial quantity of N (&gt;70%) is recycled through the direct deposition of animal excreta. This low N utilization by grazing animals reflects the relatively high concentrations of N required for metabolic functions and optimum growth of plants compared to that needed by the grazing ruminant for amino acid and protein synthesis (Haynes and Williams, 1993). Increasing the N concentration in grass, such as by increasing the rate of N fertiliser application, can result in a substantial N surplus (i.e. N inputs – N outputs in products). For...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20637/4/20637.pdf

Nitrate leaching in maize after ploughing of grass-clover
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
No summary yet
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20648/1/art_majs09.pdf

Nitrat-Stickstoff-Gehalte im Boden in einer 6-feldrigen  Fruchtfolge
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gruber, H.; Thamm, U.; Michel, V.
In ökologisch bewirtschafteten Systemen ist Stickstoff häufig der begrenzende Wachstumsfaktor. Daher stehen Bemühungen um seine effektive Nutzung innerhalb der Fruchtfolge im Mittelpunkt vieler Untersuchungen. Diese Problematik ist besonders auf humusschwachen Sandstandorten Nordostdeutschlands von Bedeutung. Je sandiger der Boden desto geringer ist sein Wasser- und Nährstoffspeichervermögen. In der Folge steigt die Gefahr der Nährstoffauswaschung, was insbesondere den Stickstoff betrifft. Einerseits geht dem Betriebskreislauf dadurch Stickstoff verloren, andererseits erfolgt ein verstärkter Eintrag in den Wasserkreislauf.  Von 1993 bis 2002 wurden in einer 6-feldrigen Fruchtfolge am Standort Gülzow in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern auf dem ökologisch...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/1146/1/1146%2Dgruber%2Dh%2Det%2Dal%2D2003%2Dnitrat%2D.pdf

Nitratudvaskning fra majs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
Gennem de sidste 20 år er majsarealet i Danmark steget kraftigt, og i 2008 blev der dyrket majs på 163.000 ha. Majs til ensilage er let at dyrke og passer godt ind i en foderplan med kløvergræs til malkekøer. Majs indgår derfor ofte i sædskifter med kløvergræs på sandet jord. Ompløjning af kløvergræs udgør en risiko for øget udvaskning af nitrat fra grovsandet jord, selv hvis der pløjes om foråret. Med den øgede majsdyrkning er der behov for effektive strategier til at reducere nitratudvaskningen i majs efter ompløjning af kløvergræs. I FØJO III-projektet OrgGrass har vi undersøgt effekt af efterafgrøde og gylletilførsel på nitratudvaskning fra majs efter forårspløjet kløvergræs.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/17873/1/17873.pdf

Nitratudvaskning fra økologiske og konventionalle planteavlsbedrifter - simuleringer med FASSET bedriftsmodellen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berntsen, J.; Petersen, B.M.; Kristensen, I.S.; Olesen, J.E.
Med udgangspunkt i regnskabsdata fra Fødevareøkonomisk Institut (FØI) og data fra Centrale Registre (CR) blev importen af kvælstof (N) i gødning til marken til konventionelle og økologiske planteavlere estimeret til hhv. 129 og 51 kg N ha-1 år-1. Desuden blev der med udgangspunkt i den aktuelle afgrødefordeling opstillet et generelt sædskifte for hver af de to systemer. Det opstillede sædskifte for den økologiske planteavl havde en høj andel af vårsæd og desuden 20% kløvergræs, mens den konventionelle planteavl var domineret af kornafgrøder primært i form af vintersæd. Med baggrund i disse model-sædskifter blev N-balancen på markniveau beregnet ved anvendelse af FASSET modellen. Dette inkluderede også N-udvaskning og ændring i jordens Npulje. Alle...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Production systems; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4605/1/4605.pdf

Nitratudvaskning fra økologiske og konventionelle planteavlsbedrifter - simuleringer med FASSET bedriftsmodellen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berntsen, J.; Petersen, B.M.; Kristensen, I.S.; Olesen, J.E.
Med udgangspunkt i regnskabsdata fra Fødevareøkonomisk Institut (FØI) og data fra Centrale Registre (CR) blev importen af kvælstof (N) i gødning til marken til konventionelle og økologiske planteavlere  estimeret til hhv. 129 og 51 kg N ha-1 år-1. Desuden blev der med udgangspunkt i den aktuelle afgrødefordeling opstillet et generelt sædskifte for hver af de to systemer. Det opstillede sædskifte for den økologiske planteavl havde en høj andel af vårsæd og desuden 20% kløvergræs, mens den konventionelle planteavl var domineret af kornafgrøder primært i form af vintersæd.   Med baggrund i disse model-sædskifter blev N-balancen på markniveau beregnet ved anvendelse af FASSET modellen. Dette inkluderede også N-udvaskning og ændring i jordens N-pulje. Alle...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil; Soil biology; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4653/1/4653.pdf

Nitrogen and phosphorus leakage in ecological recycling agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schneider, Thomas; Kuisma, Miia; Seuri, Pentti.
In this report we quantify nitrogen and phosphorus leakage on three farms in the BERAS project. The study is based on direct measurements of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in drainage water and water flow measurements.
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/7027/1/eko46.pdf

Nitrogen and phosphorus losses from a feedlot for suckler cows
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
The raising of cattle outdoors in winter is becoming more common in temperate areas, although there is little information available on the effects of this practice on forested environments. In this study, the concentrations of ammonium acetate extractable phosphorus (P AAAc )and mineral nitrogen (NH 4-N and NO 3-N) in soil and the quality of percolation water from an open feedlot were studied in eastern Finland in 1997–2000. In each of four pens (975–1300 m2) eight suckler cows were fed in winter from 1995 in the case of the first two pens and from 1996 in the remaining two. The suckler cows usually stayed in the front part of the feedlot. Therefore the nutrient loading was also the highest in this part of the lot. When the pens had been used for 1–2...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/16735/1/uusik%C3%A4mpp%C3%A4.pdf

Nitrogen cycling on intensively managed boreal dairy pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Saarijärvi, Kirsi.
The aim of this study was to measure the main N processes and losses of the N cycle in boreal dairy pasture systems. The experiments were mostly conducted on 'lysimeter field' at MTT Agrifood Research, Maaninka. Pasture N utilization is ineffective compared to silage cutting especially when high amounts of concentrates or protein supplementation is used. Transformations and immobilisation/mineralization turnover of N are high due to short term ley conditions. When the management changes almost yearly, the soil N is in constant state of change and equilibrium is never achieved. Nitrogen is accumulated in soil during grass cover years and mineralized during the renewal year. Thus, N fertilization for newly sown sward and cover crop after pasture renewal is...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16618/1/met134a.pdf

Nitrogen fertilizer value of digestates from anaerobic digestion of animal manures and crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sørensen, Peter; Mejnertsen, Peter; Møller, Henrik B.
After anaerobic digestion (AD) of manures for biogas production the concentration of ammonium-N is increased and the concentration of decomposable carbon in manure is decreased. That implies that the first year fertilizer value of the manure can be increased by the treatment. However, pH is also increased by AD thereby increasing the risk of ammonia losses while the lowered dry matter content on the other hand improves the manure infiltration in soil and reduces the risk of ammonia loss. Therefore the effects of AD on plant N availability can be expected to interact with the manure application method used.   In stockless organic farming it has been suggested that nitrogen utilization can be improved by using anaerobic digestion of plant-based green...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20269/4/20269.pdf

Nitrogen leaching: a crop rotation perspective on the effect of N surplus, field management and use of catch crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: De Notaris, Chiara; Rasmussen, Jim; Sørensen, Peter; Olesen, Jørgen E.
Components of the field nitrogen (N) balance (input and surplus) are often used to predict nitrate leaching from agricultural lands. However, management factors, such as use of catch crops, greatly affect the actual loss and are a key to reduce N leaching. The present study is based on the 4th cycle of a long-term crop rotation experiment in Denmark, and it aims to quantify, from a crop rotation perspective, the influence on N leaching from N input and surplus or management factors. The experiment included three cropping systems (two organic and one conventional) with or without use of animal manure and catch crops. N leaching was calculated from measurements of nitrate in soil water sampled with ceramic suction cups installed at 1 m depth in all plots. At...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31728/1/AGEE18205.pdf

Nitrogen leaching: a crop rotation perspective on the effect of N surplus, field management and use of catch crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: De Notaris, Chiara; Rasmussen, Jim; Sørensen, Peter; Olesen, Jørgen E.
Components of the field nitrogen (N) balance (input and surplus) are often used to predict nitrate leaching from agricultural lands. However, management factors, such as use of catch crops, greatly affect the actual loss and are a key to reduce N leaching. The present study is based on the 4th cycle of a long-term crop rotation experiment in Denmark, and it aims to quantify, from a crop rotation perspective, the influence on N leaching from N input and surplus or management factors. The experiment included three cropping systems (two organic and one conventional) with or without use of animal manure and catch crops. N leaching was calculated from measurements of nitrate in soil water sampled with ceramic suction cups installed at 1 m depth in all plots. At...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32665/1/De%20Notaris%202018_N%20leaching.pdf

Nitrogen leaching from organic agriculture and conventinal crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Benoit, Marie; Garnier, Josette.
The goal of our study is to investigate nitrogen leaching from organic agriculture, taking into account a complete organic rotation (6-9 years) and to compare the results with leaching from conventional systems. There are long time series on sub-root crop concentrations in conventional agriculture in the Seine Basin. These scored an average of 25 ± 4 mg N-NO3.l-1 (standard for drinking water is 11 mg N-NO3.l-1) in different types of soil, crops and climatic conditions. However, no data still exists for organic farming (OF) in this area. In 2012-2013, a total of eight practices of arable crops have been equipped with suction cups for all their rotations (5 in OF and 3 in CF), in three pedoclimatic situations, in order to determine concentrations and fluxes...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management; Post harvest management and techniques.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23831/1/23831_MM.pdf

Nitrogen leaching from organic agriculture and conventional crop rotations (France)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Benoit, M.; Garnier, J.; Billen, G.; Mercier, B.; Azougui, A.
A great challenge to science is to elucidate how agriculture can feed the increasing world population without damaging the environment, while preserving other resources such as freshwater. In the Seine basin, characterised by intensive agriculture, most of surface and underground water is contaminated by nitrate. Conventional agriculture has regularly increased the use of industrial fertilisers since the WWII, leading to high nitrogen leaching, as shown by lysimeters or suction cup measurements. Such measurements are very scarce for other agricultural systems such as organic farming (Hansen et al. 2000; Haas et al. 2002; Mondelaers et al. 2009). The goal of our study is to investigate nitrogen leaching from organic agriculture, taking into account complete...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24518/1/24518.pdf

Nitrogen leaching in organic and conventional farming in a 8-year field study
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lemola, R.; Esala, M.; Turtola, E.
Nitrogen leaching from farming systems with different N inputs was studied on a fine sand soil in Toholampi, Central Ostrobothnia.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16177/1/fostering2.pdf

Nitrogen leaching losses and balances in conventional and organic farming systems in Kenya
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Musyoka, Martha W.; Adamtey, Noah; Muriuki, Anne W.; Bautze, David; Karanja, Edward N.; Mucheru-Muna, Monica; Fiaboe, Komi K.M.; Cadisch, Georg.
Organic farming has been proposed as a solution to foster agricultural sustainability and mitigate the negative environmental impacts of conventional farming. This study assessed N losses and soil surface N balances in conventional and organic farming systems in a sub-humid and semi-humid (Chuka and Thika) sites in Kenya. Nitrate–N (NO3−–N) leached was trapped at 1 m depth using the Self Integrating Accumulator core method and the changes in mineral-N were assessed at different soil depths and different crop growth stages. Both conventional and organic farming systems lost substantial amounts of NO3−–N at the early growth stages of all the crops. Cumulative NO3−–N leached was similar in all the farming systems in each cropping season. More NO3−–N was...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Africa.
Ano: 2019

Nitrogen losses from grass ley after slurry application - surface broadcasting vs. injection
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Mattila, Pasi K.
As the livestock numbers on Finnish dairy farms have increased and most fields on dairy farms are under grass, it has become common to spread cattle slurry over grasslands. To estimate environmental effects of recurrent slurry applications, a 5-year field study was performed to compare nitrogen (N) losses to water and ammonia losses to air by volatilization, when cattle slurry was either surface broadcast or injected into clay soil after grass cuttings. Slurry was spread on the grass in summer (1996–1997) or both in summer and autumn (1998–2000). Biomass N uptake before grass harvesting and amount of soil mineral N in spring and autumn were measured and field N balances were calculated. Despite cool weather, up to one third of the ammonium N of broadcast...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18181/1/uusi%2Dkamppa.pdf

Nitrogen management on large organic dairy farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Askegaard, M.; Søegaard, K.
Large dairy herds need much grassland near the farm. Utilisation and losses of nitrogen in such grass-intensive crop rotations can be controlled by management: In grassland, grazing days or fertiliser input can be reduced, and following grassland cultivation, a barley whole crop for silage undersown with Italian ryegrass can reduce leaching to a minimum.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16293/1/16293.pdf

Nitrogen mineralization and greenhouse gas emissions after soil incorporation of ensiled and composted grass-clover as green manure
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Sørensen, Peter; Petersen, Søren O.; Ambus, Per.
This 3-month incubation study showed that ensiled grass-clover was a better nitrogen (N) source than a composted grass-clover and straw mix (grass-clover:straw, 4:1, w:w), owing to the high content of labile compounds compared to the more degraded compost. Our study also indicated that emissions of the strong greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) can be reduced by incorporating green manure using harrowing instead of ploughing. The silage-derived N release by the end of the incubation was equivalent to 38-42 kg N ha-1, which corresponded to one third of the N applied in silage, with no difference between ploughing and harrowing. In contrast, no net release of mineral N was detected from the composted grass-clover.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24520/1/24520.pdf

Nitrogen use efficiency in organic and conventional vegetable rotations.: Measured and model simulated results
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
Vegetable cropping systems are prone to high nitrogen (N) leaching losses. Optimizing the management of each crop can reduce this problem, but not solve it. Important improvements in cropping system N efficiency can be obtained by improving the rotation, to make sure that N left by some crops are to a large extent used by the succeeding crops. However, this includes rotation and fertilization planning based on a complex set of information on many crop species, on catch crops and green manure crops and on their interaction with soil and weather conditions. Simulation models can be used in various ways to give specific advice for growers on fertilization. Models can also be used to help growers develop their growing systems by helping them to get a better...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Vegetables; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16318/1/16318.pdf

Nitrous oxide emissions and grassland management
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, Søren O.
Nitrous oxide emissions and grassland management  Søren O. Petersen, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. Crop Physiology and Soil Science, Denmark    Carbon storage in grasslands is a potentially important mitigation option in support of the Kyoto process. However, the effect of C sequestration by pastures depends significantly on the fate of N inputs via animal deposits, atmospheric N2 fixation or inorganic fertilizers, since N2O derived from N turnover can partly or completely off-set the removal of atmospheric CO2.    Urine spots have been identified as strong sources of N2O, but the quantification of N2O emissions from grazed pastures is complicated by temporal and spatial variability, and by limited understanding of the interactions...
Tipo: Other
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/121/1/Dublin_poster_30%2D3%2D2001.ppt

Nitrous oxide emissions from arable soil: Effects of crop rotation, tillage and manure management
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, Søren O.
Soil carbon storage and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are both important for the greenhouse gas balance of agricultural soil, but difficult to verify under field conditions due to high spatial and temporal variability. Carbon stock changes are particularly elusive because they occur over decades, and future climate or management changes may revert current trends. Emissions of N2O from arable soil are derived mainly from the short-term (&lt;1 yr) turnover of crop residues, fertilizers and manure, which indicates that mitigation options may be found with a better understanding of management effects on soil C and N cycling and N2O emissions. This presentation will describe N2O studies within long-term crop rotation experiments that allow side-by-side...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/22016/1/22016.PDF

N-management in grass-arable crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Hansen, E.M.
Nitrogen accumulation in grazed grassland is difficult to utilize efficiently, but appropriate farm management can minimize nitrate leaching.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10044/1/10044.doc

Norwegian farmers’ willingness to participate in a local climate crowdfunding program - results from a national survey
Provedor de dados: 21
This report presents a main deliverable of work package 3 in the Coolcrowd project, an international research project funded by the Research Council of Norway. The aim of the project is to develop a crowdfunding program that would enable travelers to offset their GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions locally by supporting Norwegian farmers who want to adopt more climate friendly practices. The main objective of WP3 is to identify farmers’ interest in participating in a locally crowdfunded climate program. The report analyzes the findings of a national survey investigating farmers’ interest in climate change, particularly mitigation and a local crowdfunding program.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35545/1/Rapport%205_19%20Norwegian%20farmers%20willingness%20to%20participate%20in%20a%20local%20climate%20crowdfunding%20program%20-%20results%20from%20a%20national%20survey.%20P.Otte%20A.%20Zahl-Thanem%20S.%20Hansen%20a.pdf

Novel methods for reducing agricultural nutrient loading and eutrophication
Provedor de dados: 21
In many intensively cultivated areas, surface and ground waters suffer from eutrophication and deterioration of the water quality: To improve the environmental protection actions of agriculture, EU countries have adopted common legislation, such as Nitrate Directive and the Water Framework Directive, which set limits to the use of manure and aim at good ecological state of waters by 2015, respectively. Moreover, different voluntary measures and environmental schemes are being supported financially by EU and national goverments to reduce agricultural nutrient loading and eutrophication, for instance by optimizing phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilization, controlling erosion and promoting the establishment of buffer zones and wetlands.    Yet, good...
Tipo: Proceedings
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17182/1/novel.pdf

Novel Strategies for Climate Mitigation, Sustainability and Healthy Eating in Public Foodscapes. Proceedings of a seminar held at Aalborg University, Copenhagen Institute of Technology, Denmark,November 25th-26th, 2009.
Provedor de dados: 21
The FoodPrint09 conference, on novel strategies for climate mitigation, sustainability and healthy eating in public foodscapes, held in Copenhagen in the end of November 2009 underlined the need to take climate impact of public food into consideration when developing strategies for sustainable consumption and healthy eating in public food systems.     Traditional food choice strategies address the responsibility of the individual. The iPOPY research project takes a different approach - a collective one. iPOPY research focus on how professional decision makers, public planners and politicians can impact climate through the strategies chosen in large scale food environments and how organic food supply can be integrated. The conference focused on settings...
Tipo: Proceedings
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Food systems; Markets and trade; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/16798/1/FoodPrint'09_Proceedings_2nd_ed_FINAL.pdf

Nutrient losses from organic and conventional crop rotations - a case study on fine sand soil
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Turtola, Eila; Lemola, Riitta; Esala, Martti; Kiljala, Janne; Joki-Tokola, Erkki.
P and N losses were highest from the conventional crop rotation. The losses were most affected by single management practices. The four-year  study is, however, too short for soil derived, long-term differences to come fully out in the leaching losses.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/11171/1/njfb.pdf

Nutrient retention by differently managed vegetation of buffer zones
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Räty, Mari; Rasa, Kimmo; Nikolenko, Olga; Yli-Halla, Markku; Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Pietola, Liisa.
Shoots growth and nutrient concentration of differently vegetated buffer zones(BZ) were studied in south-western Finland with clay soils. Aboveground plant biomasses differed greatly among each of the six vegetation types with different age and harvesting parctice. The concentration of P AAAc in soil surface increased with natural vegetation with no harvest. The preliminary results for the BZ plots emphasized the role of vegetation and grazing in an additional nutrient loading.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16227/1/pollutants1.pdf

Nutrient retention of vegetated buffer strips on a cropped field and a pasture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
The effects of 10-meter wide grass buffer strips (GBS) and vegetated buffer strips under natural vegetation (VBS) on losses of sediment, phosohorus and nitrogen from cropped soil plots has been studied for 15 years on Lintupaju field at Jokioinen. The results have been compared with those from 70-m-long and 18-m-wide plots without buffers.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16224/1/pollutants.pdf

Nutrient supply and productivity in organic forage and milk production - improved forage production and utilization based on local resources
Provedor de dados: 21
Organic milk production in Norway has become more intensive, which, among other things, has led to increased focus on forage quality. The primary growth (PG) is harvested at an earlier stage of development with the consequence that more than half of the total yearly yield is from the regrowth (RG, second and third cuts). The RG contains a high proportion of clover. Thus, the RG forage has likely high crude protein content, while the PG forage has high energy value but low protein content. The use of fish meal as feed to ruminants is now prohibited, also in Norway, and alternative feed protein sources are expensive. The value of on-farm grown forage is therefore becoming even higher.  The project aims to bring to light knowledge that makes dairy farmers...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Pasture and forage crops; Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://orgprints.org/18823/1/FORUT_samandrag.pdf

Nutrient turnover and losses during composting of farmyard manure. Results of outdoor experiments over 11 years
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Raupp, Joachim; Oltmanns, Meike.
This paper tries to quantify losses of dry matter and nutrients and to look for parameters relevant to the risk of losses. We used data from 14 outdoor experiments carried out in 11 years with cattle manure. Nitrogen (N) rich manures seem to be predestined to have high dry matter and N losses during com-posting. In cases of high temperatures in the thermophilic stage we also observed also high dry matter losses, but not necessaryly high N losses. This may be a hint that an intensive decomposition of or-ganic matter is combined with a strong heat development. However, temperature level was independ-ent from the original N content. K losses were not correlated with any of the investigated parameters, not even with water content. Composted manure was about...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/4469/1/Raupp_Oltmanns_2005_nutrient_turnover.doc

Nye miljøvenlige desinfektionsmidler til økologiske dambrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pedersen, Lars-Flemming.
Pereddikesyre og brintoverilte  kan anvendes til vandrensning og kontrol af vandkvalitet i akvakultur systemer. Her beskrives seneste praktisake erfaringer  som alternativ til f. eks. formalin.   De nye desinficerende midler er mildere og kan håndteres på en væsentlig mere sikker måde end formalin. Da begge produkter nedbrydes hurtigt, omsættes en stor del af den tilsatte mængde direkte i dammene. Ved nedbrydningen frigives ilt fra brintoverilte, mens pereddikesyre nedbrydes til vand og kuldioxid. Der udledes således mindre mængder af de to stoffer til vandløbet, og da de effektive behandlingskoncentrationer i forvejen er lave, er miljøpåvirkningen minimal.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30280/1/%C3%98kologi%20%26%20Erhverv%20no.%20590_2%20JJuni%202016.pdf

Nye miljøvenlige desinfektionsmidler til økologiske dambrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pedersen, Lars-Flemming.
Pereddikesyre og brintoverilte  kan anvendes til vandrensning og kontrol af vandkvalitet i akvakultur systemer. Her beskrives seneste praktisake erfaringer  som alternativ til f. eks. formalin.   De nye desinficerende midler er mildere og kan håndteres på en væsentlig mere sikker måde end formalin. Da begge produkter nedbrydes hurtigt, omsættes en stor del af den tilsatte mængde direkte i dammene. Ved nedbrydningen frigives ilt fra brintoverilte, mens pereddikesyre nedbrydes til vand og kuldioxid. Der udledes således mindre mængder af de to stoffer til vandløbet, og da de effektive behandlingskoncentrationer i forvejen er lave, er miljøpåvirkningen minimal.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30281/1/ICROFS%20Nyt_16062016.pdf

Nye muligheder i øko grønsagssædskifter
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Nielsen, Stig Feodor.
Artikel fra åbent avlermøde ved AU-FOOD Årslev med en række oplæg af AU-FOODs forskere og Gartnerirådgivningens rådgivere om projekter om økologisk grøntsagsproduktion  DoubleCrop, SoilVeg and SureVeg. Efterfulgt af markvandring med fremvisning af forsøg med overvintrende grøntsager i DoubleCrop projektet.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35457/3/Gartnertidende%20nr.%205%20s.%2049-50%2011-04-2019%20fra%20%C3%A5bent%20avlerm%C3%B8de%2005-03-2019.pdf

Nyt fra forskningen i plantebaseret gødning, efterafgrøder og dyrkningssystemer i øko-grønsager
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
Præsentation af DoubleCrop projektet og perspektiverne for plantebaseret gødning, og bæredygtig intensivering af dyrkningssystemer i øko-grønsager
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Vegetables; Root crops.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35464/1/%C3%85bent%20avler%20m%C3%B8de%20Velkommen_SureVeg%20hesteb%C3%B8nner_DoubleC%20projektm%C3%B8de_5marts2019_hlk.pdf

Ochrana klimatu v ekologických podnicích
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Oehen, Bernadette.
Bioinstitut vydal překlad praktické příručky (orig. FiBL Klimaschutz auf Biobetreiben, 2013), která informuje o souvislostech mezi klimatickou změnou a zemědělstvím. Jsou zde představeny nejdůležitější procesy v zemědělství, které se vztahují ke klimatu, vysvětleny možné důsledky klimatických změn na zemědělskou činnost. Následně jsou zde uvedena opatření, díky nimž lze snížit emise skleníkových plynů a která lze použít v ekologických podnicích.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/28940/1/ochrana%20klimatu_web.pdf

Oekobilanz-Vergleich von intensivem und extensivem Rindfleischproduktionsverfahren: Fallstudie anhand zweier Fallbeispiele
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chassot, Dr. André; Philipp, Anita; Gaillard, Dr. Gérard.
The environmental impact of two contrasting beef production systems was determined by life cycle assessment (LCA). An extensive fattening system of Limousine x Simmental crossbred steers based on grass (EXT) was compared to an intensive fattening system of Simmental bulls (INT). The environmental impacts of EXT were similar or lower than those of INT. The largest differences were found in toxic effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The amount and type of fertilizers used to produce the feed were the main source of difference between the systems. For all other environmental impacts however, there were no marked differences. It is concluded that the extensive use of grasslands for beef production has the potential to reduce the environmental impacts...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Beef cattle.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/3353/1/3353.pdf

Ökobilanz und Wirtschaftlichkeit ökologisch wirtschaftender Milchviehbetriebe mit unterschiedlicher Fütterungsintensität und Produktionsstruktur
Provedor de dados: 21
Ziel des Projekts war die Analyse von Umweltwirkungen und Wirtschaftlichkeit unterschiedlicher Typen von ökologisch wirtschaftenden Milchviehbetrieben in Deutschland. Im Vordergrund standen dabei die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Fütterungsintensität.  Es wurden sechs modellhafte Betriebstypen formuliert, um die Bandbreite der Produktionssysteme innerhalb der ökologisch wirtschaftenden Milchviehbetriebe in Deutschland abzubilden. Die Modelle basieren auf einer Praxiserhebung von 39 Betrieben über 5 Wirtschaftsjahre und wurden aus Klassen von Betrieben auf vergleichbaren Standorten und mit ähnlicher Fütterungsintensität abgeleitet.  Intensive Fütterung wirkt sich in der Umweltwirkungskategorie Treibhauseffekt positiv aus, auf Ackerbaustandorten auch im...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Farm nutrient management; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Health and welfare; Air and water emissions; Feeding and growth; Farm economics.
Ano: 2023

Ökobilanz von Rind-, Schweine- und Geflügelfleisch aus konventionellen, tierfreundlichen und biologischen Produktionssystemen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Grandl, Florian; Alig, Martina; Nemecek, Thomas; Gaillard, Gérard.
The study compared the environmental impacts of different production systems (conventional, increased animal welfare label and organic) for beef, pork and chicken meat at the farm gate using model farms based on Swiss real farm data. Results showed that feeding and feed production had a high influence, particularly for monogastric animals. Organic farming had lower mineral resource use and ecotoxicity due to the ban of mineral fertilisers and pesticides but had a lower productivity per area, which influenced several impact categories such as eutrophication and land use negatively when expressed per kg live weight. Fundamentally, most of the decisive parameters for the environmental impacts of a production system turned out to be generally valid for both...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21403/1/21403_Grandl.pdf

Ökobilanzen und Biodiversitätsbewertung österreichischer Milchviehbetriebe
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hörtenhuber, Stefan Josef; Drapela, Thomas; Petrasek, Richard; Neumayr, Christoph; Zolllitsch, Werner.
This contribution provides insights in methods and results from seven Austrian organic, alpine and grassland-based dairy farms, which were analysed concerning their ecological sustainability. The milk yield per area unit was found as an appropriate parameter to differentiate extensive from intensive dairy farms, which also allows for a rough estimation of LCA results. Two farms which were characterised as ‘alpine-extensive’ generally show advantages if they are related to units of area and also in terms of the biodiversity potential. Two farms in hilly regions (transition from alpine to lowland area) produce relatively high amounts of milk per hectare farmland and hence show good results for LCA indicators, if related to product units. Three alpine farms...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21512/1/21512_Hoertenhuber.pdf

Ökohydrologisches Monitoring von Landnutzungsänderungen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schlange, Kirsten; Schrautzer, Joachim.
Due to agricultural intensification during the past decades, the hydrology of peat lands of the northern German lowlands has been altered heavily. Drainage and fertilization resulted in high nutrient losses to aquatic ecosystems and a decline in biodiversity. Within an intensive monitoring programme in Ritzerau, northern Germany, the effects of conversion to organic farming and rewetting on hydrology, nutrient transformations, floristic diversity and the eligibility for extensive cattle grazing are studied in a formerly degraded stream valley wetland. Results indicate that the nutrient transformation and retention performance of this complex is driven by the mutual hydrological exchange rates between the wetland and the stream. Due to the degraded state of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/9830/1/9830_Schlange_Poster.pdf

Öko-Legehennen: Ressourceneffizienz und Umweltschutz  versus Auslaufmanagement und Flächenbeimessung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Deerberg, Friedhelm (freier Berater); Heß, Jürgen.
The minimal pasture size of 4 m² per hen for free range laying hens proves to be critical when seen under aspects of  environmental protection. Taking a flock size of 1.000 laying hens and a pasture size of 4 m² per animal as a basis and assuming that only 10 % of the annual droppings are excreted on the pasture land the nitrogen input would be as high as 226 kg/ha and year.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Poultry.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31697/1/%C3%96ko-Legehennen.pdf

Økologer udvasker mindre kvælstof
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman.
Nye samlede resultater viser, at økologiske malkekvægbrug udvasker ca. 40 procent mindre kvælstof end de konventionelle malkekvægbrug, mens kvælstofudvaskningen på økologiske og konventionelle planteavlsbrug i gennemsnittet er ens.    Disse resultater omkring kvælstofudvaskning og økologisk jordbrug er nu samlet og udgivet i en artikel på engelsk, der er tilgængelig i Organic Eprints (http://orgprints.org/4637).
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/9213/1/9213.pdf

Økologi i stribevis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik.
Kløvergræs, rug, vikke og majs i striber skal vise vej til fremtidens økologiske multilandbrug
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Soil quality; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16226/1/16226.pdf

Ökologische Beurteilung und Optimierung von Hofdüngereinsatz und Stickstoffdüngung
Provedor de dados: 21
Die Stickstoffverluste aus der schweizerischen Landwirtschaft sind trotz der abnehmenden Tendenz in den letzten Jahren noch immer zu hoch. Die mengenmässig bedeutsamsten Verluste sind Ammoniakemissionen und Nitratauswaschung. Handlungsbedarf besteht insbesondere bei den Ammoniakverlusten, die weniger stark abgenommen haben als die Nitratauswaschung.  Zur Verringerung der Ammoniakverluste beim Hofdüngereinsatz müssen die Emissionen quantifiziert, die Einflussfaktoren mit ihren Wechselwirkungen identifiziert und Reduktionsmassnahmen abgeleitet und bewertet werden. Im Bereich des Feldbaus besteht Handlungsbedarf in der Abklärung des Einflusses von Bodenbearbeitung, Stickstoffdüngung und Anbausystemen (IP, BIO) und ihrer Wechselwirkungen auf die...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023
URL: http://orgprints.org/5095/1/Richner%2D2005%2DHofduengerwirtschaft.pdf

Ökologische Legehennenhaltung in großen Herden: Spezifische Auslaufnutzung und Nährstoffeintrag
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Elbe, Ulrike; Roß, Antje; Steffens, Günter; Van den Weghe, Herman; Winckler, Christoph.
The aim of this study was to examine the excrement load in outdoor ranges due to the outdoor run use of free-range laying hens (organic farming system) to quantify the accumulation of nutrients in the soil. The number of hens using the run (flock of 4,500 hens) were recorded (digital photographs; scan sampling interval 10 min, 5 hours/d, 23 d; 7 to 10/2003) and sward protection grids, positioned at different distances (2 , 6, 17 m) from the barn were used to get the amount of excreta (number and weight of droppings).  On average 9.8 % of the hens used the range out of which 69 % preferred the area close to the barn (0-17 m). Excretion rates per hen amounted to 12,4 g*hour, thus accounting for a share of 5 % of the total excrements of the flock. The...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Poultry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/3842/1/3842.pdf

Ökologischer Landbau - Beitrag zum Klimaschutz
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hülsbergen, Klaus-Jürgen; Küstermann, Björn.
Mit der Veröffentlichung des IPCC-Berichtes zur Klimaveränderung der Erde im Februar 2007 erreichten die Diskussionen auch die breite Öffentlichkeit. In allen gesellschaftlichen Bereichen, auch in der Landwirtschaft, muss nach Wegen zum Klimaschutz gesucht werden.  Im Beitrag wird das Model REPRO vorgestellt. Es verbindet die Analyse von C-, N- und Energieflüssen im System Boden-Pflanze-Tier-Umwelt, um die klimarelevanten CO2-, CH4- und N2O-Quellen bzw. -Senken bestimmen zu können. Zur Ermittlung des Treibhauspotenzials werden die C-Speicherung der Böden, CO2-Emissionen durch den Einsatz fossiler Energie, CH4-Emissionen der Tierhaltung und die N2O-Emissionen der Böden berechnet.  Das Modell wird erstmals im ökologischen (öko) und integrierten (int)...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/13540/1/LfL_Huelsbergen_2007_klimaschutz_13540.pdf

Økologisk bioenergi og drivhusgasser
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, Per.
Et nyt forskningsprojekt belyser fordele og ulemper ved produktion af bioenergi i økologisk jordbrug.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/13514/1/13514.pdf

Økologisk jordbrug beskytter biodiversiteten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy.
Økologisk jordbrug beskytter naturen med sin pesticidfri  dyrkning og mindre brug af gødning, men en række andre faktorer er lige så vigtige.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/19049/4/19049.pdf

Økologisk jordbrug til beskyttelse af grundvand
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Jacobsen, O.H.; Vinther, F.P.; Schjønning, P.; Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
I Danmark har det høj prioritet, at vi kan drikke vores grundvand uden rensning. Der er en voksende erkendelse af, at rent grundvand kun kan opretholdes gennem en aktiv indsats. Amterne udpeger områder med særlig drikkevandsinteresser og efterfølgende zonerer de for arealer der er særlig nitrat- og pesticidfølsomme. En perspektivrig mulighed for at regulerede i forureningsfølsomme om-råder kan være, at man udlagde større sammenhængende arealer med  økologisk jordbrug. Først og fremmest undgår man helt brug af pesticider. For kvælstof,  vil tabet være afhængig af det økologi-ske dyrkningssystem og det er det der er fokus for denne undersøgelse.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/5957/1/5957.doc

Økologisk landbruk og klimagasser
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Serikstad, Grete Lene.
Alle former for landbruk bidrar til utslipp av klimagasser. Landbruksdrift påvirker også mengden av karbon i dyrkingsjorda. Sammenligninger av ulike driftsmåter i landbruket viser at utslippene av klimagasser fra konvensjonelt landbruk generelt er større enn fra økologisk landbruk når klimagassutslippene regnes per arealenhet.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33310/1/okologisk-landbruk-og-klimagasser

Økologisk landbruk og klimagasser - metan, lystgass og CO2
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Serikstad, Grete Lene.
Alle former for landbruk bidrar til utslipp av klimagasser, særlig av lystgass og metan. Måling av klimagassutslipp fra landbruket og lagring av karbon i jord er komplisert og er både tids- og stedsavhengig. Offisiell statistikk for landbruk omfatter ikke alle utslipp som hører med i landbruksproduksjonen, som utslipp ved produksjon av kunstgjødsel. Innhold av karbon i dyrkajord regnes heller ikke med. Kostholdsammensetning og matsvinn betyr dessuten mye for samlet utslippsmengde fra matproduksjon. Ved sammenligning av driftsformer er det viktig å ha med alle faktorer av betydning for klimapåvirkning.   De fleste vitensynteser og metaanalyser om klimagassutslipp fra ulike driftsformer konkluderer med at økologisk drift gir mindre utslipp per arealenhet...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32812/1/NORS%C3%98K%20Rapport%20nr%202%202018%20Klimagasser.pdf

Økologiske planteavlssædskifter – jordfrugtbarhed  og miljø
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.; Askegaard, Margrethe.
Økologiske planteavlssystemer kræver grøngødning og efterafgrøder for at opbygge jordfrugtbarhed og kulstoflagring, men det kan være med til at øge lattergasudledningerne
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18508/1/18508.pdf

Ökonomische Aspekte einer großflächigen Bewirtschaftung nach den Prinzipien des Ökologischen Landbaus dargestellt am Beispiel der Region Mostviertel-Eisenwurzen (Ö)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kaliski, O.; Kratochvil, R.; Kirner, L.
In der Diskussion um die Vorteilhaftigkeit des Ökologischen Landbaus wird häufig das Argument gebraucht, dass der Biolandbau gegenüber der konventionellen Landwirtschaft betriebswirtschaftliche Vorteile aufweist und darüber hinaus deutlich geringere externe Kosten verursacht, so dass auch aus volkswirtschaftlicher Sicht Vorteile bestehen. Im Zuge des zugrunde liegenden Forschungsprojektes wird daher geprüft, inwieweit sich eine Umstellung auf den Biolandbau sowohl auf ausgewählte betriebswirtschaftliche Parameter (Deckungsbeitrag, Beschäftigung), als auch auf ökologische Kenngrößen  (Treibhausgasemissionen, Wasserqualität) und damit auf die externen Kosten auswirkt. In diesem Beitrag ist dargestellt, zu welchen Veränderungen eine Umstellung in der Region...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/4114/1/4114%2Dkaliski%2Do%2Det%2Dal%2D2003%2Dwt%2Dgrossflaechig.pdf

Ökonomisch-ökologische Analyse von biologisch und konventionell wirtschaftenden Betrieben in Luxemburg
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schader, Christian; Müller, Adrian; Zimmer, Steffi; Aendekerk, Raymond; Conter, Gerard; Adam, Simone; Dahlem, Richard; Moes, Georges.
The aim of this paper is to analyse the cost-effectiveness of payments to organic farms in Luxemburg from an agri-environmental perspective. For pursuing this aim, farm accountancy data, farm structure data and 7 environmental indicators were assessed for 12 organic and 12 conventional dairy and suckler-cow farms. Results show that organic farms cause substantially lower environmental impacts than their conventional counterparts. However, these additional environmental benefits do not go along with higher public payments. Therefore, we argue that agricultural policy in Luxemburg currently does not provide incentives for ecological friendly agricultural production in a sufficiently targeted way.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Policy environments and social economy.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21491/1/21491_Schader.pdf

Olieræddike kan optage tabt nitrat fra 2,5 meters dybde
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, H.L.; Thorup-Kristensen, K.
Nye forsøg viser at olieræddike har meget dybe rødder og kan opsamle nitrat fra 2,5 meters dybde. Hvis dybtrodede efterafgrøder placeres strategisk i sædskiftet, har man især på bedre jorder mulighed for at hente væsentlige mængder nitrat fra dybere jordlag.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/7922/1/7922.pdf

Optimisation of nitrogen mineralisation from winter cover crops and utilisation by subsequent crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Winter cover crops are integral to organic cropping systems; however, lack of knowledge concerning the fate of N following their incorporation presents a major barrier for efficient use of these crops in practice. Use of this N source is not only limiting to the production systems itself, but can also lead to loss of N via groundwater. This study will aim to quantitatively assess the fate of N from winter cover crops and investigate ways of optimising utilisation of this N source by subsequent organically-grown crops. The study will involve a mixture of field experimentation and computer modelling which will be carried out concurrently.  A series of field experiments will be conducted over 24 months on an organic site in order to quantitatively assess the...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Crop combinations and interactions.
Ano: 2023

Options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from enteric fermentation and manure handling in dairy farming – An analysis based on farm network data
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Paulsen, Hans Marten; Warnecke, Sylvia; Rahmann, Gerold.
In the project ‘Climate effects and Sustainability of Organic and Conventional Farming Systems’ dairy farms in Germany were analysed for their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on the whole process chain (Hülsbergen and Rahmann, 2013). This article focuses on the main GHG from dairy production. The most important source is methane (CH4) from enteric fermentation of the cows. Second important are the GHG from livestock manure: CH4, nitrous oxide (N2O) and indirect N2O-emissions (N2Oindirect) by ammonia (NH3) deposition on soils. They are determined by manure composition, manure management in stables and storage and by excreta of grazing animals dropped on pasture. The results from organic and conventional dairy farms are presented. A view on limits of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23926/1/23926.pdf

Organic agriculture and climate change in developing countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Garibay, Salvador; Amador, Manuel; Castro, Jonathan; Kilcher, Lukas.
Coffee is Nicaragua’s main organic product. There are 13,100 hectares of certified coffee. This area represents 10 percent of the total coffee production of Nicaragua and is managed by approximately 3,500 small producers. 90 percent of the organic coffee is sold for the export market.  In Nicaragua a legal framework for organic farming as well as regulations for the development of environmental services payments exist (forest conservation, water management, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration). There are also studies on carbon sequestration and carbon emissions in agriculture, forestry and industry. However, there are no investigations relating specifically to organic agriculture and climate change.    2. Background investigation   Since 2004,...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13207/1/garibay%2Detal%2D2008%2Dclimate%2Dchange%2Ddeveloping%2Dcountries.pdf

Organic agriculture and climate change mitigation - A report of the Round Table on Organic Agriculture and Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 21
Summary and next steps  Participants of the workshop were able to draw from their discussions and from the input of guest speakers and synthesize a set of conclusions that can be used to guide future activities concerning LCAs and other activities that seek to identify and quantify the potential contributions of organic agriculture to climate change mitigation.  - LCA is the best tool for measuring GHG emissions related to agricultural products.  - There is a risk of oversimplification when focusing on climate change as a single environmental impact category.  - Farm production and transport (at least for plant products) are important hotspots for agricultural products.  - Studies have shown no remarkable difference in GHG emissions between organic and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20855/1/RTOACC_booklet_2011_final.pdf

Organic Agriculture and the Environment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Alfoeldi, Thomas; Fliessbach, Andreas; Geier, Uwe; Kilcher, Lukas; Niggli, Urs; Pfiffner, Lukas; Stolze, Matthias; Willer, Helga.
Conclusion of chapter 2: "Organic Farming and the Environment"  7 Conclusion  The findings of this study show that organic farming provides a wide range of environmental services. The main results may be summarised as follows:  1. Organic matter content is usually higher in organically managed soils indicating a higher fertility and stability of organic soils, thus reducing the risk of erosion.   2. Organically farmed soils have significantly higher biological activity and a higher total mass of micro-organisms. As a consequence of the higher activity of micro-organisms, in organically managed soils nutrients are recycled faster and soil structure is improved.  3. Organic farming poses no risk of ground and surface water pollution through synthetic...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/573/1/y4137e02.htm

Organic Agriculture for Sustainable Livelihoods
Provedor de dados: 21
The present global food system is far from ideal and it is not sustainable, especially because of the lack of food security for large populations, the distribution and use patterns of food, and the externalities in terms of pollution and overuse and destruction of critical resources. But, there are many promising examples and initiatives of alternative development pathways which seek to combine improved food security and rural development with sustainable use of natural resources and enhancement of ecosystems services. This book takes a critical look at one group of such initiatives, the development and promotion of organic farming systems. In particular, it aims at investigating to what extent and under which conditions organic agriculture may contribute...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Food systems; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25616/7/25616.pdf

Organic farmers grow grassclover in nature areas to remove soil phosphate for development of specious rich grasslands
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Timmermans, B.G.H.; Eekeren, N. van.
While worldwide the current reserves of phosphate rock are being exhausted, many agricultural and former agricultural soils in The Netherlands have been enriched by large quantities of phosphorus as a result of fertilization. In current nature development projects on former agricultural lands, it is thought that this phosphorus prevents development of target-nature types. Therefore nature organizations currently seek ways to remove it. We tested grassclover, organically managed by local farmers, as a tool to extract excessive soil phosphate from nature areas and reimport it into the mineral cycle agricultural farms.  In a small scale experiment we have shown that grassclover with potassium fertilization can remove more than twice the amount of soil...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23958/1/23958%20timmermansandvaneekeren2014_MM.pdf

Organic Farming and Climate Change
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, Urs; Schmid, Heinz; Fliessbach, Andreas.
This publication concludes that organic agriculture has much to offer in both mitigation of climate change through its emphasis on closed nutrient cycles and is a particularly resilient and productive system for adaptation strategies. It also raises the issue of whether organic agriculture should be eligible for carbon credits under voluntary carbon offsetting markets and the Clean Development Mechanism.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13414/2/Organic_Farming_and_Climate_Change.jpg

Organic farming and the challenges of climate change
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.
Climate change is without question one of the largest challenges that humankind has ever faced. This is not the least due to the enormous consequences that climate change will have for ecosystems and human society. Unfortunately, climate change also poses a very difficult problem for politicians to deal with. The core of the problem affecting modern democracies is that most people experience very little relationship between greenhouse gas emissions, climate change and their everyday life. There is both a temporal and spatial separation between emissions and impacts of climate change. The industrialized countries, which currently emit most of the greenhouse gases, are in general the least vulnerable to climate change effects. Additionally, many of the...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16314/1/16314.pdf

Organic Farming as a Commons for Protecting Water Resources / L’agriculture biologique comme bien commun pour protéger la ressource en eau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Allain, Sophie.
Today, organic farming is also a provider of public goods, promoted by an increasing number of actors. It may be seen as a “commons”, that has to be shaped and developed by new types of collective commitments to study. Two French experiences in that perspective aiming to protect water resources and led by local authorities have been analyzed. The study shows that the local authority behaves as a facilitator of territorial development plan. It acts through two complementary levers, the control of supply (land and ownership) and demand (institutional catering). Whereas environmental efficiency remains to be proved, the projects rely on an increasing collective mobilization and develop according to their ability for budding and territorial rooting. New modes...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25285/1/Allain_2013_CIAG_Vol32.pdf

Organic Farming, Climate Change Mitigation and Beyond. Reducing the environmental impacts of eu agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Bautze, Lin; Meier, Matthias; Gattinger, Andreas; Gall, Eric; Chatzinikolaou, Effimia; Meredith, Stephen; Ukas, Tonći; Ullmann, Laura.
Sustainably feeding the growing world population and preventing dangerous climate change are two of the major challenges facing society today. While there is a growing understanding of the complexity of the links between these challenges and of the global degradation of the environment, the contribution of food and farming to climate change mitigation is all too often looked at from the single perspective of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per hectare or kilogram of product. This narrow view fails to account for the vast array of ways that food and farming contribute to climate change, as well as the destructive effects of industrial agriculture on soils, biodiversity and the natural resources on which we depend for food production.  The impact of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/31483/1/ifoameu_advocacy_climate_change_report_2016.pdf

Organic farming drives sustainable agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Organic production is not a silver bullet, argues Adrian Müller, but it can play an important role in sustainable food systems with the right set of policy interventions.
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35594/1/mueller-2019-Blog-ETHZurich-Organic-farming-drives-sustainable-agriculture.pdf

Organic farming practices and climate change adaptation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Gattinger, Andreas.
The need to adapt to climate change is one of the main challenges facing the future of agriculture. Even if strong and effective mitigation measures were taken, even if greenhouse gas emissions dropped to zero immediately, the climate would continue to change for decades. This is why adaptation is necessary.  If global warming can be kept to a moderate level, our need to adapt might primarily reflect gradual changes; but if temperatures rise sharply, adaptation measures will necessarily involve some fundamental transformations in agricultural production. Moreover, as the effects of climate change can vary greatly at local and regional levels, even moderate global warming can trigger fundamental changes in some places.
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/22526/1/mueller-gattinger-2012-IFOAMEU_dossier_Organic_as_a_strategy_for_CC_Adaptation-p8-10.pdf

Organic farming to preserve water quality?Comparison of three emblematic cases of successful management of drinking water catchment area
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Barataud, Fabienne; Aubry, C.; Wezel, A.; Mundler, P.; Fleury, Philippe.
Protecting water resources from pollutants generated by agricultural activities is becoming more strictly regulated in Europe today, with an obligation to achieveresults. This means that towns willing to improve quality of their domestic water supply are required to regulate farmers’ practices in the water catchment areas. In this paper, we studied three cases (Munich and Augsburg in Germany, and Lons-le-Saunier in France) often listed as successful initiatives/ experiences of preservation of water quality by local authorities that have developed coordination with farmers. In this paper, we carried out a comparative analysis of the construction of city-farmer agreements, based on in-depth surveys and with a particular focus on the role of conversion to...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Policy environments and social economy; Quality and evaluation of inputs.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/26018/1/Barataud_2013_CIAG_Vol32.pdf

Organische Dünger in Topfkulturen auf dem Prüfstand -  wie steht es mit der Stickstofffreisetzung?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Koch, Robert; Emmel, M.; Lohr, D.; Frankenberg, Andrea; Degen, B.; Meinken, E.; Haas, HP.; Fischinger, Stephanie.
Matching nitrogen demand of plants and N release of organic fertilizers with respect to amount and timing is one key for successful cultivation of organic ornamentals. Thereby for plants with a low to moderate N demand growers can add the fertilizer as complete preplant application (CPA). For plants with a high N demand splitting fertilization in a reduced preplant application combined with an additional fertigation (RPA+F) is preferable. Aim of the current research was the investigation of N release of organic fertilizers in incubation experiments. Results of the incubation experiment were linked to a pot trial with pelargonium. Incubation experiments reveal that most  fertilizers release about 40 to 50 % of total N and most nitrogen is released within...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/31877/1/Organische%20D%C3%BCnger%20in%20Topfkulturen%20auf%20dem%20Pr%C3%BCfstand%20-.pdf

Organischer Landbau in Grundwasserschutzgebieten: Leistungsfähigkeit und Optimierung des pflanzenbaulichen Stickstoffmanagements
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Stickstoff stellt in der landwirtschaftlichen Flächennutzung das zentrale Element für die Ertrags- und Qualitätsbildung dar. Andererseits ist Stickstoff der Nährstoff mit den größten Umweltwirkungen. Durch Landbewirtschaftung verursachter Nitrataustrag in das Grundwasser stellt in vielen Trinkwasserschutzgebieten die Frage nach der gewässerschonenden Landnutzungsoption. Der Autor präsentiert und diskutiert auf Basis einer umfangreichen Literaturstudie in seiner Habilitationsschrift Forschungsergebnisse zu dem Vergleich von Aufforstung, Wiesen- und Ackernutzung und dem Vergleich von konventionellem, integrierten und Organischem Landbau. Die lange, oft polemische Vorgeschichte des Systemvergleichs zum Nitrataustrag wird dem aktuellen wissenschaftlichen...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/13923/1/Habil_N01.pdf

Organisk kvælstof kan også udvaskes
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.
Når vi taler om udvaskning af kvælstof mener vi i reglen nitratudvaskning til én meters dybde. Spørgsmålet er imidlertid om der også udvaskes organisk bundet kvælstof, og hvilken effekt det organiske stof eventuelt har på udvaskningens størrelse og på kvælstoffets videre skæbne i jordlagene under en meters dybde. I jorden findes en stor pulje af organisk stof, som ved mikrobiel aktivitet efterhånden nedbrydes til mindre organiske kulstof- og kvælstofforbindelser, der kan frigives til jordvæsken med potentiel risiko/mulighed for at blive udvasket. Nye forsøg har vist at der udvaskes organisk bundet kvælstof (org. N) og kulstof (org. C) i ikke helt ubetydelige mængder, og at udvaskningen af dette bl.a. afhænger af afgrøder og dyrkningsmetode.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4195/1/4195.pdf

Outline of the Finnish system of certified carbon footprints of food products
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Saarinen, Merja; Hongisto, Mikko; Usva, Kirsi; Kurppa, Sirpa; Nissinen, Ari; Katajajuuri, Juha-Matti.
The basic structure of a system called Certified Footprints of Products (CFP system) is outlined in this discussion paper. The CFP system could produce strict and reliable data needed for generating product-oriented carbon footprints in Finland. Central parts of the CFP system are a national CFP programme, product category rules (PCRs), a chain or actor-wise monitoring plan, validation of the monitoring plan, and reporting and verification of data, and an ICT-system to support data sharing. The system is designed around activity-based monitoring data, and every actor would be responsible for data on its own activities. Linkages to existing environmental management systems are taken into account. The CFP system is still just a theoretical structure. It...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17561/1/saarinen.pdf

Overwintering grass-clover as intercrop and moderately reduced nitrogen fertilization maintain yield and reduce the risk of nitrate leaching in an organic cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) agroecosystem
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Xie, Yue; Kristensen, Hanne Lakkenborg.
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) has high nitrogen (N) demand during growing, but due to its low N use efficiency and N-rich residues, it may cause N losses by leaching after harvest. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of overwintering grass-clover as an intercrop and moderately reduced N fertilization on organic cauliflower yield and risk of nitrate leaching. The experiment tested sole-cropped (S) and intercropped (I) systems using a substitution design and two N fertilizer rates (180 and 230 kg N ha−1). To investigate the competition between cauliflower and grass-clover, cauliflower grown alone with empty grass-clover rows (Semp) and grass-clover grown alone with empty cauliflower rows (GCemp) were included. The...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Vegetables.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/32019/1/Xie%20%26%20Kristensen%202016%20Scientia%20Hort.pdf

Parameters affecting the environmental impact of a range of dairy farming systems in Denmark, Germany and Italy
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Guerci, Matteo; Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Bava, Luciana; Zucali, Maddalena; Schönbach, Philipp; Kristensen, Troels.
The environmental impact of 12 dairy farms in Denmark, Germany and Italy was evaluated using an LCA approach and the most important parameters influencing their environmental sustainability were identified. The farms represent different production methods (organic vs. conventional), summer feeding systems (confinement vs. pasture) and annual production levels (6275–10,964 kg ECM cow−1). There was large variability in stocking rates (1.1–11.0 LU ha−1) among farms, which has a major impact on the production per unit area of farmland, on feed self-sufficiency and on farm surplus of nitrogen. The proportion of grassland on farmland used for forage production or pasture varied from 0 to 100%. The lowest global warming potential (GWP), acidification,...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/22798/7/22798.pdf

Peracetic Acid Products Expand Sanitizing, Organic Water Treatment Options
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pedersen, Lars-Flemming; Jokumsen, Alfred; Larsen, Villy J.; Henriksen, Niels Henrik.
Peracetic acids can be used as sanitizers to control water quality in aquaculture systems. As an alternative to   formalin, chloramine-T or copper sulphate, PAA has strong anti-microbial effects, degrades quickly and is relatively safe to use. Its mode of action and associated rapid decay can make optimizing treatment protocols a challenge. Continuous low-dose applications seem to be a   promising solution. PAA is among the few disinfectants approved for organic aquaculture
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Regulation.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/28653/7/28653.pdf

Perspektiver for økologisk fisk
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Nielsen, Thorkild.
En analyse af forbrugernes opfattelse af økologisk fisk viste bl.a. at, op attelsen af økologisk fisk var påvirket af den generelle opfattelse af opdrættet fisk. Ofte var opdrættet fisk forbundet med noget negativt - på linje med industrialiseret landbrug og i modsætning til ”vilde fisk”. Meget få forbrugere var i stand til at identificere regler for økologisk fisk og ofte sammenblandedes de med MSC, ASC og andre certificeringer. Der er således behov for en systematisk kommunikationsplan for økologisk fisk med henblik på at øge forbrugernes bevidsthed om hvad økologiske ørred er; at det er opdrættet, og at økomærket ikke er det samme som miljømærkerne MSC og ASC.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Social aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33699/1/D6.3.3_Perspektiver%20for%20%C3%B8kologisk%20fisk.docx

Pflugverzicht als Klimaschutzstrategie?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike.
Nicht wendende Bodenbearbeitungssysteme und besonders die Direktsaat fördern einige der wichtigsten Bodenschutzziele: sie schützen vor Erosion, begünstigen das Bodenleben und erhöhen damit die Bodenfruchtbarkeit.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/27099/1/krauss-2013-SB-Klima.pdf

Phosphor und Kalium im ökologischen Landbau – aktuelle Probleme, Herausforderungen, Düngungsstrategien
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kolbe, Hartmut.
Über die augenblickliche Situation und Entwicklungstendenzen der Nährstoffversorgung auf den Ökobetrieben liegen keine umfassenden Erkenntnisse vor. Nach Untersuchungen in Sachsen bzw. Sachsen-Anhalt wird nur eine sehr geringe Anzahl der Bodengehalte an Phosphor (P) und Kalium (K) der Ackerflächen in die VDLUFA-Versorgungsklasse A eingestuft und aus den hohen Anteilen an den Versorgungsstufen C – E kann ein relativ gutes Versorgungsniveau abgeleitet werden. Aus flächenbezogenen Nährstoffbilanzierungen der Ökobetriebe gehen im Durchschnitt jedoch negative P- und K-Salden hervor. Im Laufe der Zeit haben sich deutlich unterschiedliche Vorstellungen zur Grunddüngung und Bodenuntersuchung im Ökolandbau entwickelt, die kurz angesprochen werden:   - Auf Grund der...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/19354/1/P_K_Oeko10.pdf

Phosphorus load from equine critical source areas and its reduction using ferric sulphate
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Närvänen, Aaro; Jansson, Håkan; Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Jansson, Helena; Perälä, Paula.
The increasing number of horses, especially in urban areas has made the phosphorus (P) load of exercise areas (paddocks) more and more obvious but there has been a lack of information regarding how to assess this load and what can be done to lower it. In the surface soil (1-2 cm) of areas that are affected by horse manure, like paddocks, we measured very high extractable P contents. When testing soils from these areas using a rainfall simulator we found a close correlation between the extractable soil P in the surface soil and the dissolved reactive P in runoff water. In a runoff treatment test trial we used ferric sulphate to treat paddock runoff water. The chemical dosage was carried out using a tube doser placed in a well. After ferric sulphate...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16436/1/ber.pdf

Pilot Experiments with Electrodialysis and Ozonation for the Production of a Fertilizer from Urine
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pronk, W.; Zuleeg, S.; Lienert, J.; Escher, B.; Koller, M.; Berner, A.; Koch, G.; Boller, M.
Pilot tests were performed with a process combination of electrodialysis and ozonation for the removal of micropollutants and the concentration of nutrients in urine. In continuous and batch experiments, maximum concentration factors up to 3.5 and 4.1 were obtained, respectively. The desalination capacity did not decrease significantly during continuous operation periods of several weeks. Membrane cleaning after 195 days resulted in approximately 35% increase in desalination rate. The Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES), a bioassay that selectively detects oestrogenic compounds, confirmed that about 90% of the oestrogenic activity was removed by electrodialysis. HPLC analysis showed that ibuprofen was removed to a high extent, while other micropollutants were...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/13159/1/Pronk%2Detal%2D2007%2Dwater_sciene_technology_56_5.pdf

Plant Organic 5 jaar: evaluatie van bodemvruchtbaarheid, stikstofhuishouding en productie
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Burgt, G.J.H.M.; Carina, Rietema; Bus, Michiel.
In het Planty Organic proefveld, gelegen op proefbedrijf ‘Kollumerwaard’ van SPNA, wordt een volwaardig biologisch akkerbouwsysteem ontwikkeld met drie basis uitgangspunten:  • volledig eigen stikstofvoorziening middels leguminosen  • inzet van (eigen) maaimeststoffen  • niet-kerende grondbewerking  De gegenereerde kennis en ervaring zal ten goede komen aan zowel de reguliere als de biologische akkerbouw. Het proefveld omvat zes percelen van bijna 0,8 hectare. Er is sprake van een zesjarige vruchtwisseling, dus ieder gewas is ieder jaar aanwezig.  Het project is gestart in 2011. Van ieder afzonderlijk jaar is sindsdien een rapportage verschenen. Voor deze evaluatie van de systeemontwikkeling en –prestaties is het opstartjaar achterwege gelaten en zijn de...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Netherlands; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32530/1/2017-037%20LbP%20Planty%20Organic%20Evaluatie_11_def.pdf

Planteproduktion og miljø på store økologiske kvægbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J; Askegaard, M; Søegaard, K; Hansen, E M.
Store besætninger kræver meget græs tæt på gården. Udnyttelse og tab af kvælstof i græsintensive sædskifter kan delvis kontrolleres vha. management
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/14643/1/V3_1_Planteproduktion_store_%C3%B8kobrug.doc

Planty Organic 5 year: evaluation of soil fertility, nitrogen dynamics and production.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Burgt, Geert-Jan H.M.; Rietema, Carina; Bus, Michiel.
In the Planty Organic experimental field, located at the SPNA location ‘Kollumerwaard’, an organic arable farming system is developed based on three principles:  • Nitrogen input fully based on leguminous crops  • Use of farm-produced cut-and-carry fertilizers  • Reduced tillage; no ploughing.  The results of this research will be available for improvements in both organic and conventional arable farming. The experimental site consists of six plots, 0,8 hectare each. There is a six-year rotation, which means that each crop is present each year in a different plot.. The project started in 2011. Since 2012 year-reports have been published. For this evaluation of the system results the start-up year has been left out and the data of 2012 – 2016 are used for...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32529/1/2018-004%20LbP%20Planty%20Organic%20Evaluation_def.pdf

PlantyOrganic: Design and results 2012
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Burgt, G.J.H.M.; Bus, M.C.
Increasingly strict legislation about fertilizer inputs and developing organic regulations are a strong  stimulation to optimize the internal nutrient dynamics of organic arable farms. In the project  “PlantyOrganic” , initialized by Biowad and realized at SPNA location Kollumerwaard, a challenging  arable system is developed and tested: 100% internal nitrogen supply without input of nutrients from  outside. In this report the design of the rotation and fertilizer scheme is presented and discussed, and  the starting conditions in spring 2012 are documented. The NDICEA nitrogen model is used to  explore the nitrogen dynamics. It is concluded that a 100% farm-own nitrogen supply can be  achieved with good production levels. The 2012 results gave no reason to...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Soil; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/22839/1/2012-048%20LbP%20Planty%20Organic%20Design%20and%20results%202012.pdf

PlantyOrganic: Results 2013
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hospers-Brands, A.J.T.M.; Anema, D.; Bus, M.C.
2013 was the second year of the "PlantyOrganic" system development in practice. The six-year rotation is laid out and measurements took place at soil and crop. With the exception of the potatoes in 2013 all crops had the pre-crop as foreseen in the design. The fertilizers used were completely produced in the own system, as foreseen in the system design. The amounts of nitrogen applied were about 45 % higher than in the design. Soil nitrogen is measured and used as input in the nitrogen model NDICEA. There was a sufficient match between measured and calculated level of soil mineral nitrogen. The crops performed well, with a high yield in carrots and oats, and a disappointing yield in wheat. In wheat nitrogen was limiting for the yield, we do not yet have a...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/26064/1/2892.pdf

Policy instruments on water protection of the selected European countries in relation to organic agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko.
Introduction  Most agricultural operations, such as soil tillage, manuring, grazing, and irrigation, pose a serious threat to water quality. Agriculture is a heavy water user and a serious water polluter (nutrients, pesticides, salts, pathogens, heavy metals, oxygen-depleting and radioactive substances, etc.). In addition, agriculture threatens water habitats. The UN “Convention for the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes” ratified at Helsinki in 1992 obliges the signatory countries to further prevent, control and reduce water pollution from point and non-point sources. The implementation of the Convention is co-ordinated by the UN Economic Commission for Europe. In October 1999, this organisation commissioned a study...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management; Knowledge management.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/26414/1/books.jpg

Policy options for environmentally friendly agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe: a three-track policy approach
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko.
Low-input agriculture is dominant farming style in majority of the Central and East European  (CEE) countries. However, the shift from high-input agriculture as practised during the communist time to the present low-input farming was not the result of a designed policy for agricultural development but rather the consequence of a socio-political evolution from state economy to market economy.     Ten years after the transition, the agricultural policies of most Central and East European countries are still at the “crossroad”. They are characterised by a diversity of visions on the further development and concepts how to implement these visions. The agri-environmental component of the current CEE’s agricultural policies either doesn’t exist or is rather...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Farming Systems; Air and water emissions; Food systems; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/26428/1/EU_Enlargement.pdf

Pore characteristics and hydraulic properties of a sandy loam supplied for a century with either animal manure or mineral fertilizers
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schjønning, P.; Iversen, B.V.; Munkholm, L.J.; Labouriau, R.; Jacobsen, O.H.
Application of organic residues to soil is generally assumed to improve soil tilth. Only few studies have reported on the long-term effects on the more subtle aspects of soil porosity and no reports have considered the potential effects of organic amendments on the pore system in the subsoil. We sampled undisturbed soil cores (100 cm3 and 6280 cm3) in metal cylinders in differently fertilized plots in the long-term field experiments at Askov Experimental Station, Denmark. We selected the 0-60 cm soil layer of plots dressed for a century with either mineral fertilizers (labelled NPK) or animal manure (labelled AM). Both fertilization treatments were studied at two levels of nutrient application: 'normal' (labelled '1') and 1.5 times 'normal' (labelled...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Soil biology; Soil quality; Air and water emissions; Soil tillage; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5486/1/5486.pdf

Possible beneficial effects of biomass for bioenergy crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Christen, Ben.
Debate about biomass for heat and/or power generation often revolves around the potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation versus the detrimental effects of growing the crops on biodiversity and landscape aesthetics. This mini review aims to highlight some of the possible beneficial effects of growing bioenergy crops, including other options than the most talked about miscanthus or salix/populus. To keep the text short, it explicitly does not deal with the issue of GHG emission mitigation by substituting non-renewable energy sources with a renewable source and omits all negative impacts that biomass crops may have, highlighting only possible benefits. This strong bias allows for more detailed examination of less common aspects and options...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16264/5/16264.pdf

Potential bioavailability of particulate phosphorus in runoff from arable clayey soils
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusitalo, Risto.
Runoff phosphorus (P) associated with eroded soil contributes to eutrophication to some extent. The present work examines two methods for estimating the potential bioavailability of particulate P (PP) in runoff, and studies the concentrations and losses of different P forms in surface and subsurface runoff from arable soils. The potential bioavailability of PP was approximated by extraction with (i) anion exchange resin (AER-PP), giving a measure of desorbable PP under aerobic conditions, and with (ii) bicarbonate-dithionite (BD-PP), which dissolves redox-labile PP. Both methods were applied in runoff analysis without sediment preconcentration.
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/11135/1/met53.pdf

Potential loss of nutrients from different rearing strategies for fattening pigs on pasture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Hermansen, J.E.; Strudsholm, K.; Kristensen, K.
Nutrient load and distribution on pasture were investigated with fattening pigs that: 1) spend a proportion of or their entire life on pasture, 2) were fed either restrictively or ad libitum, and 3) were weaned at different times of the year. The N and P retention in pigs decreased the longer they were kept on pasture. The contents of soil inorganic N and exchangeable K were significantly raised compared to the soil outside the enclosures but with no differences between treatments. Pig grazing did not affect extractable soil P. Regular moving of huts, feeding and water troughs was effective in ensuring that nutrients were more evenly distributed on the paddocks. Grass cover, as determined by spectral reflectance, was not related to the experimental...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/10041/1/10041.pdf

Potentialet for omlægning til økologisk jordbrug i Danmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy; Kjeldsen, Chris; Kristensen, Inge T.; Kristensen, Ib Sillebak.
Potentialet for omlægning til økologisk jordbrug i Danmark.
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: History of organics; Landscape and recreation; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Farm economics; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16263/1/16263.pdf

Potentials to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from Swiss agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Necpalowa, Magdalena; Lee, Juhwan; Skinner, Colin; Büchi, Lucie; Wittwer, Raphaël; Gattinger, Andreas; van der Heijden, Marcel; Mäder, Paul; Charles, Raphaël; Berner, Alfred; Mayer, Jochen; Six, Johan.
There is an urgent need to identify and evaluate management practices for their biophysical potential to maintain productivity under climate change while mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from individual cropping systems under specific pedo-climatic conditions. Here, we examined, through DayCent modeling, the long-term impact of soil management practices and their interactions on soil GHG emissions and GHG intensity from Swiss cropping systems. Based on experimental data from four long-term experimental sites in Switzerland (Therwil, Frick, Changins, and Reckenholz), we robustly parameterized and evaluated the model for simulating crop productivity, soil C dynamics and soil N2O emissions across a range of management practices and pedo-climatic...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Switzerland.
Ano: 2018

Potenziale der biologischen Landwirtschaft zur Entlastung des Natur- und Landschaftshaushaltes im Marchfeld
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hadatsch, S.; Kratochvil, R.; Vabitsch, A.; Freyer, B.
Das Marchfeld unterliegt heute einer überwiegend intensiven landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung, die maßgeblich über eine konventionelle bzw. Integrierte Produktion erfolgt. Die unter ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten aus der Sicht der Landwirte erforderliche intensive  Produktion wirkt sich belastend auf das Grundwasser (Stoffeintrag), die Bodenkrume (Erosion) und die Arten und Lebensraumvielfalt aus. Die Anwendung und Umsetzung der Prinzipien des ökologischen Landbaus lässt eine Reihe ökologischer Leistungen erwarten, die insbesondere auch zur Entlastung oben genannter, durch die Landwirtschaft verursachter Probleme im Marchfeld beitragen können.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/4121/1/4121%2Dhadatsch%2Ds%2Det%2Dal%2D2000%2Dmarchfeld1.pdf

Première for Lövsta experiments with growing and finishing pigs. Inclusion of mussel meal in pig diets
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Andersson, H.K.; Neil, M.
In mid September the very first experiment with growing/finishing pigs at Lövsta Livestock Research Centre will start. This will be a double première event – the first growing/finishing pig experiment at the new research centre and – to our knowledge - the first experiment with mussel meal in pig diets. This mussel meal is produced from mussel meat only, ie no shells are included. Mussel meal has proved to be an excellent feed ingredient for poultry – what about pigs?
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/28055/7/28055.pdf

Pres på bæredygtigheden
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.
Ganske som i det øvrige landbrugserhverv er økologisk jordbrug på grund af den generelle pris- og omkostningsudvikling underlagt et stadigt pres for at øge produktiviteten. Dette kan føre til et pres for øget input i dyrkningssystemet, f.eks. gennem import af konventionel gylle. Andre tiltag med sigte på at reducere omkostningerne og rationalisere driften vil på lignende vis kunne føre til en risiko for øget miljøbelastning fra dyrkningen og reduktioner i biodiversiteten.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/11311/1/Klumme.doc

Production of biomass and bioenergy in organic agriculture and its consequences for soil quality, environment, biodiversity and socio-economy
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Johansen, A.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, H.; Ambus, P.; Dalgaard, T.; Jørgensen, U.; Nielsen, A.M.; Nielsen, L.H.; Olesen, J.E.; Roepstorff, A.; Skytte, K.; Smith, J.E.; Thomsen, A.B.; Carter, M.S.; Jensen, E.S.
Production of bioenergy in organic agriculture may be implemented in the future to reduce the reliance on non-renewable fossil fuels and minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore it is important to assess the potential effect this may have on soil quality and biological parameters. This project aims at designing and evaluate a combined concept for biomass and bio-energy production in OA, while considering soil bio-geo-chemical cycling of plant nutrients and biodiversity of the soil microbiota.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Soil quality; Air and water emissions; Farm economics; Farm nutrient management; Quality and evaluation of inputs.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15157/1/15157.pdf

Production of N2O in grass-clover pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.
Agricultural soils are known to be a considerable source of the strong greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), and in soil N2O is mainly produced by nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. In Denmark, grass-clover pastures are an important component of the cropping system in organic as well as conventional dairy farming, and on a European scale grass-clover mixtures represent a large part of the grazed grasslands. Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation in clover provides a major N input to these systems, but knowledge is sparse regarding the amount of fixed N2 lost from the grasslands as N2O. Furthermore, urine patches deposited by grazing cattle are known to be hot-spots of N2O emission, but the mechanisms involved in the N2O production in urine-affected soil are...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/10147/1/10147.pdf

Production of N2O in grass-clover pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thyme, Ph.D. stud. Mette; Ambus, Dr Per.
In organic as well as conventional dairy farming, grass-clover pastures is an important component of the cropping system. This is because grass-clover is an excellent cattle fodder, and because clover has the ability of fixing atmospheric N2. When budgets for N2O emissions are made accord-ing to the IPCC guidelines it is assumed that 1.25 % of added nitrogen is emitted as N2O. This emission factor is used for all nitrogen inputs although the factor relies on experiments with fertilizer and manure, only. The emission factor for biological fixed nitrogen may be lower than 1.25 %, because nitrogen is released only slowly into the soil. However knowledge is very sparse.   On the other hand, when the effect of grazing cattle is added the situation might be...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/1779/1/thypon.pdf

Production of N2O in grass-clover pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thyme, Mette; Ambus, Per.
In organic as well as conventional dairy farming, grass-clover pastures is an important component of the cropping system. This is because grass-clover is an excellent cattle fodder, and because clover has the ability of fixing atmospheric N2. When budgets for N2O emissions are made accord-ing to the IPCC guidelines it is assumed that 1.25 % of added nitrogen is emitted as N2O. This emission factor is used for all nitrogen inputs although the factor relies on experiments with fertilizer and manure, only. The emission factor for biological fixed nitrogen may be lower than 1.25 %, because nitrogen is released only slowly into the soil. However knowledge is very sparse.   On the other hand, when the effect of grazing cattle is added the situation might be...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/480/1/480_ny.pdf

Productive, environmental and economic performances assessments of organic and conventional suckler cattle farming systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Veysset, Patrick; Lherm, Michel; Bébin, Didier.
Conversion to OF was simulated for four specialized suckler-beef systems by coupling an economic optimization model (“Opt’INRA”) with a model assessing non-renewable energy (NRE) consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (“PLANETE”). After adaptation of the production system, and based on average prices over 2004–2008, we analyzed the productive, environmental and economic impacts of the conversion process. The ban on chemical fertilizers led to a drop in farm area productivity. For these specialized farms, meat production decreased by 18% to 37% depending on initial level of intensification. The reduced use of inputs results in a 23% to 45% drop in NRE consumption/ha, 5–20% of which is a drop in NRE per ton of live weight produced. Its methane...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Beef cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011

Productivity and N-leaching in organic dairy grass-arable crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Askegaard, M.; Søegaard, K.
Increasing size of organic dairy farms makes grazing of all cropped land inexpedient due to long distance to the milking facilities. We investigated nutrient dynamics and feed production in two dairy crop rotations with differences in proportion of grazing and cutting. One six year crop rotation represents close to the farm buildings (barley undersown with grass-clover -  4 years of grass-clover -  spring barley/catch crop) and another represents further away (barley undersown with grass-clover, 2 years of grass-clover -barley/catch crop - maize/catch crop - lupin/catch crop). In each of the crop rotations was made five treatments concerning grazing/cutting strategy and manure application. Results shows that herbage production was high in year 1-4 of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16291/1/16291.pdf

Productivity and N-leaching in organic dairy grass-arable crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J; Askegaard, M; Søegaard, K.
Due to increasing size of Danish organic dairy farms uniform grazing of all cropped land becomes inexpedient due to long distance to the milking facilities. We investigated nutrient dynamics and feed production in two dairy crop rotations with internal differences in proportion of grazing and cutting. One six year crop rotation represents close to the farm buildings (barley [Hordeum vulgare L.] undersown with grass-clover [Lolium perenne L.–Trifolium repens L.] -  4 years of grass-clover -  spring barley/catch crop) and another represents further away (barley undersown with grass-clover, 2 years of grass-clover -barley/catch crop - maize [Zea mays L.]/catch crop - lupin [Lupinus angustifolius]/catch crop). In each of the crop rotations was made five...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/14641/1/27FA_Eriksen_el_al._final_paper.pdf

Produktion af biogas fra husdyrgødning og afgrøder i økologisk landbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Møller, Henrik B.; Ward, A.; Falconi, S.; Mejnertsen, P.
Formålet med undersøgelsen har været at samle erfaringer med biogasproduktion, næringstofflow og energiproduktion af økologisk græs, triticale, vikke, lupin, kvæggylle og dybstrøelse fra kvægstalde.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18993/4/18993.pdf

Produktion mit und ohne Gentechnik: Standards für die Koexistenz und Warenflusstrennung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Nowack, Karin.
Zusammenfassung    Das neue Bundesgesetz über die Gentechnik im Ausserhumanbereich (Gentechnikgesetz, GTG, SR 814.91) schreibt vor, dass beim Umgang mit gentechnisch veränderten Organismen die Produktion ohne GVO und die Wahlfreiheit der Konsumentinnen nicht beeinträchtigt werden darf. Es ist festgelegt, dass beim Umgang mit GVO Vermischungen mit nicht veränderten Organismen vermieden werden müssen und dass Spuren von GVO als unbeabsichtigt gelten, wenn die Kennzeichnungspflichtigen nachweisen, dass sie die Warenflüsse sorgfältig erfasst und kontrolliert haben.    Die vorliegende Studie zeigt in einem ersten Teil auf, welche Massnahmen die gentechnikfreie Produktion, insbesondere der Biolandbau ergreift, um die Warenflüsse zu erfassen und zu kontrollieren....
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/4561/1/nowack%2D2005%2Dstandards.pdf

Produktudvikling og kommunikation af det økologiske fiske-mærke
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Nielsen, Thorkild.
Fiskeproducenten var bekymret for om produktionen kunne følge med en evt. kraftig stigning i efterspørgslen efter økologisk ørred, og forslog en koordineret indsats, f.eks. en årlig kampagne omkring høst og slagtning. Det blev foreslået at tilskynde til øget brug af økologisk fisk i offentlige institutioner (skoler, hospitaler, kantiner osv). Informations kampagnen for økologisk fisk  bør fokusere på: 1) Dyrevelfærd, 2) Sundhed (uden tilsætningsstoffer) og 3) Bæredygtighed. I forhold til produktudvikling og spise kvalitet af økologisk fisk skal focus være på 1) smag, 2) lugt og 3) tekstur og bedre end kvalitet af konventionel fisk. Bæredygtighed skal ses i et holistisk perspektiv, e.g. modsætning mellem positive aspekter som reduktion i carbon footprint på...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Social aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/33697/1/D6.4.1_D6.4.4_D6.5.3_Kommunikations_notat.docx

Program til bedre rådgivning om sædskifter i økologisk jordbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: de Visser, Richard.
Artiklen beskriver brug af NDICEA modellen som beslutningsstøtte til udvikling af bedre sædskifter i økologisk jordbrug. Modellen beregner og synliggør betydningen af afgrødevalg, gødning og vejrforhold for udviklingen i jordens indhold af kvælstof og organisk stof, og kvælstof der optages af afgrøderne eller tabes ved udvaskning
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/24773/7/24773.pdf

Projekt om økonomisk og miljøvenligt kløvergræs på store økologiske kvægbrug
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Det er i stigende grad store bedrifter med mange køer, som præger billedet i økologisk mælkeproduktion. Konsekvensen er, at afstandene bliver for store til afgræsning af markerne langt fra stalden. Derfor er der meget græs i sædskiftet tæt på stalden og det bliver intensivt afgræsset. Den udvikling har konsekvenser: Langvarige græsmarker er ofte mindre produktive og af dårligere kvalitet, det er sværere at udnytte kvælstof opsamlet i græsmarken og der kan være problemer med etablering af kløvergræs efter omlægning.   Et nyt forskningsprojekt, som skal belyse disse problemstillinger, er netop startet ved Det Jordbrugsvidenskabelige Fakultet. I et markforsøg i Foulum undersøges strategier for sammensætning af sædskifter og management i græsmarker. Helt...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11226/1/OrgGrass_landbrugsavisen.doc

ProPIG – Betriebsspezifische Strategien zur Reduktion der  Umweltauswirkung von Bioschweine Betrieben durch  Verbesserung von Tiergesundheit, Wohlergehen und  Ernährung von Bioschweinen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rudolph, Gwendolyn; Bochicchio, Davide; Butler, Gillian; Dippel, Sabine; Dourmad, Jean Yves; Edwards, Sandra; Früh, Barbara; Illmann, Gudrun; Meier, Matthias; Prunier, Armelle; Rousing, Tine; Silerova, Jitka; Salomon, Eva; Sorensen, J.T.; Urban, Jiri; Vertes, Francois; Winckler, Christoph; Leeb, Christine.
ProPIG ist ein europäisches Bioschweine-Forschungsprojekt im Rahmen des CORE Organic II Programmes. Die Studie wird von 2011-2014 in acht europäischen Ländern auf insgesamt 75 Bioschweinebetrieben (je 3 Betriebsbesuche) durchgeführt, und wird vom Department für Nachhaltige Agrarsysteme koordiniert. In den letzten Jahren haben sich Wissenschaftler intensiv mit der Thematik „Nachhaltigkeit in der Landwirtschaft“ und dem Einfluss der Landwirtschaft auf den Klimawandel beschäftigt. Die Haltung von Nutztieren ist je nach Produktionssystem (z.B. Ökologisch, Konventionell, Freilandhaltung) mit unterschiedlichen Umweltauswirkungen (z.B. Treibhausgasemissionen) verbunden.  Bislang wurden die Umweltauswirkungen der verschiedenen Haltungssysteme von Bioschweinen...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Pigs.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/22616/1/abstract_Biolandbau_Tagung_BOKU_Rudolph.pdf

Public goods and farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gerrard, Catherine L; Smith, Laurence; Pearce, Bruce; Padel, Susanne; Hitchings, Roger; Measures, Mark.
There has recently been an increase in interest in the “public goods” that could be provided by a farm alongside its primary function of agricultural production.  This paper reviews recent reports on the topic of public goods and, in particular, the public goods provided by agriculture and then goes on to discuss the development of a tool which can be used to assess the provision of public goods on a farm  across a range of areas: soil management, biodiversity, landscape and heritage, water management, manure management and nutrients, energy and carbon, food  security, agricultural systems diversity, social capital, farm business resilience, and  animal health and welfare.
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2012

Quantification of the effectiveness of greenhouse gas mitigation measures in Swiss organic milk production using a life cycle assessment approach
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schader, Christian; Jud, Katja; Meier, Matthias S.; Kuhn, Till; Oehen, Bernadette; Gattinger, Andreas.
Quantitative assessments of the effectiveness of GHG mitigation measures at farm level are scarce. Hence, the aim of this study was to quantify the GHG mitigation potential of selected measures on two typical organic farms in Switzerland. We built a single-farm model which enabled us to calculate the GHG emissions and energy consumption at farm level using a life cycle assessment approach. The model was used to calculate the effects of 13 different mitigation measures on a Swiss organic dairy and a Swiss organic mixed farm. At the dairy and mixed farm, respectively, 5.4% and 5.5% of mitigation in relation to the farms’ total GHG emissions could be realized by technical means and 15.4% and 12.9% with agronomic measures. Technical measures include the use of...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/26227/1/Schader_et_al_2014_JCP.pdf

Quantifizierung der Methanemissionen bei Rindern mit Hilfe des fäkalen Biomarkers Archaeol
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krattenmacher, Nina; Thaller, Georg.
Das im Verdauungstrakt von Wiederkauern produzierte Methan ist als Endprodukt anaerober Nahrungsumsetzung vom Tier nicht weiter verwertbar. Daher wird es ausgestoßen und stellt eine globale Belastung für das Klima dar. Aus diesen Gründen werden Versuche zur Senkung der Methanemission von Wiederkäuern mit unterschiedlichen Ansätzen verfolgt.  Ziel des Projektes MethanA war die Untersuchung eines im Kot detektierbaren Markers für die Methanemission und im Rahmen dessen die Evaluierung und Bewertung von Archaeol als Hilfsmerkmal für die Zucht auf verminderte Methanproduktion beim Rind.  In eigener Vorarbeit wurden bei zehn Kühen Gaswechselmessungen in Respirationskammern mittels zweier Durchgänge und Fütterung zweier verschiedener Rationen durchgeführt. Es...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Breeding and genetics; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/33927/1/33927-12NA126-uni_kiel-thaller-2017-methanemissionen.pdf

Quantifizierung der Methanemissionen bei Rindern mit Hilfe des fäkalen Biomarkers Archaeol (Methan A)
Provedor de dados: 21
Das hier beschriebene Verbundvorhaben umfasst folgende Teilprojekte: FKZ 12NA126 und FKZ 12NA003.   Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/id/saved_search/1519.  Ziel des Projekts ist die Evaluierung einer indirekten Methode zur Bestimmung der Methanproduktion über Archaeol im Kot von Rindern. Bei Archaeol handelt es sich um ein Membranlipid, welches sich in der Zellmembran der meisten Archaeen nachweisen lässt. Zu den Archaeen zählen auch die methanogenen Mikroorganismen im Vormagensystem von Wiederkäuern, weshalb der Archaeolgehalt mit der Ausscheidung von Methan in Beziehung steht und einen interessanten Umweltindikator darstellt....
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Breeding and genetics; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

Quellen und Senken von Treibhausgasen in landwirtschaftlichen Böden unter konventioneller und biologischer Bewirtschaftung - eine globale Metaanalyse
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Skinner, Colin; Gattinger, Andreas; Müller, Adrian; Fliessbach, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Stolze, Matthias; Niggli, Urs.
Biologische Landwirtschaft fördert Bodenerhalt wie –Fruchtbarkeit und mindert bodenbürtige Treibhausgas- (THG)-Emissionen. Der globale Datensatz publizierter Messungen von THG-Flüssen, Lachgas (N2O) und Methan (CH4), in Böden unter biologischer (bio) und konventioneller Bewirtschaftung (kon) landwirtschaftlicher Systemvergleichen wurde mit Meta-Analyse und Meta-Regression untersucht.  Ende 2012 waren 19 Studien, auf der nördlichen Hemisphäre in gemässigten Klimata realisiert, publiziert. 13 basieren auf Jahresmessungen. Daraus resultieren, mit generell p&lt;0.001, für Acker- und Grasland zusammen 486±191 kg CO2-eq. (1.04±0.41 kg N2O-N) ha-1 a-1 niedrigere N2O Emissionen unter bio. Für Ackerland sind die N2O Emissionen unter bio 472±195 kg CO2-eq. ha-1 a-1...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25765/1/Skinner_et_al_DBG_2013.pptx

Reduced tillage and green manures for sustainable organic cropping systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Helga , Willer; Paul, Mäder.
The overall aim of the project Reduced tillage and green manures for sustainable organic cropping systems (TILMAN-)ORG are to design improved organic cropping systems with enhanced productivity and nutrient use efficiency, more efficient weed management and increased biodiversity, but lower carbon footprints.    The TILMAN-ORG project is funded by the CORE Organic II Funding Bodies being  partners of the FP7 ERA-Net project, CORE Organic II.  The TILMAN-ORG project’s overall goals are to design improved organic cropping systems with:  - enhanced productivity and nutrient use efficiency,  - more efficient weed management and increased biodiversity, but  - lower carbon footprints (in particular increased carbon sequestration and lower GHG emissions from...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20830/1/tilman%2Dorg.jpg

Reducing Global Warming and Adapting to Climate Change: The Potential of Organic Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Muller, Adrian; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Davis, Joan; Dytrtova, Karolina; Gattinger, Andreas; Lampkin, Nicolas; Niggli, Urs.
Climate change mitigation is urgent and adaptation to climate change is crucial, particularly in agriculture, where food security is at stake. Agriculture, currently responsible for 20-30% of global greenhouse gas emissions counting direct and indirect agricultural emissions), can however contribute to both climate change mitigation and adaptation. The main mitigation potential lies in the capacity of agricultural soils to sequester CO2 through building organic matter. This potential can be realized by employing sustainable agricultural practices, such as those commonly found within organic farming systems. Examples of these practices are the use of organic fertilizers and crop rotations including legumes leys and cover crops. Mitigation is also achieved...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20174/1/EditorialContribution_OrganicAgricultureAndClimateChange_11_4_2012_FiBLTitle.pdf

Reducing Global Warming: The Potential of Organic Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Davis, Joan S.
For a successful outcome at COP 15 in Copenhagen in December, viable policy paths for effective climate change mitigation need to be provided. In addition, adaptation is unavoidable. One key point is the integration of agriculture (accounting for 10-12% of global emissions, Smith et al. 2007) in a post-2012 agreement. Its main potential lies in its significant capacity to sequester CO2 in soils, and in its synergies between mitigation and adaptation. This potential is best utilized employing sustainable agricultural practices such as organic agriculture (OA). Conservative estimates of the total mitigation potential of OA amount to 4.5-6.5 Gt CO2eq/yr (of ca. 50 Gt CO2eq total global greenhouse gas emissions). Depending on agricultural management practices,...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16507/1/mueller-and-davis-2009-ReducingGlobalWarming_PolicyBrief.pdf

Reduction of ammonia emission by shallow slurry injection: Injection efficiency and additional energy demand
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.; Sommer, Sven G.; Madsen, Niels P.
Ammonia (NH3) emission from livestock production causes undesirable environmental effects and a loss of plant available nitrogen. Much atmospheric NH3 is lost from livestock manure applied in the field. The NH3 emission may be reduced by slurry injection, but slurry injection in general, and especially on grassland, increases the energy demand and places heavy demands on the slurry injection techniques used. The reduction in NH3 emission, injection efficiency and energy demand of six different shallow slurry-injection techniques was examined. The NH3 emission from cattle slurry applied to grassland was reduced by all the injectors tested in the study, but there were major differences in the NH3 reduction potential of the different types of injectors....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/3306/1/3306.doc

Reduktion af lugtgener og ammoniakfordampning ved afgasning og separering af gylle
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.
Bioforgasning og separering af gylle kan begrænse risikoen for tab af ammoniak og lugt under gyllens udbringning, men øger risikoen for tab fra gyllelagre.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5622/1/5622.pdf

Reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung im Biolandbau – Klimaaspekte
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike; Perrochet, Frederic; Lori, Martina; Ruser, Reiner; Müller, Torsten; Zikeli, Sabine; Gruber, Sabine; Claupein, Wilhelm; Mäder, Paul; Gattinger, Andreas.
Die Umstellung vom Pflug auf eine reduzierte Bodenbearbeitung wird als Möglichkeit zur Minderung des Klimawandels im Zusammenhang mit einer erhöhten Humusanreicherung diskutiert. Ob reduzierte Bodenbearbeitungssysteme im biologischen Landbau zu einer erhöhten Lachgas-Entwicklung (N2O) führen, wurde bisher nur wenig beleuchtet. Im Langzeit-Bodenbearbeitungsversuch des FiBL in Frick wurden daher N2O-Emissionen über zwei Jahre hinweg und die Humusvorräte dreizehn Jahre nach Versuchsbeginn bis in eine Tiefe von 50 cm gemessen und mit weiteren mitteleuropäischen Studien verglichen. Die kürzlich publizierte Studie von Krauss et al. (2017) zeigt, dass es bei den N2O-Emissionen in der Weizen- und Kunstwiesenperiode keine Unterschiede zwischen den...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32117/1/Krauss-etal-2017-AgrarforschungSchweiz-Vol8-Nr6-p226-231.pdf

Regulatory and policy instruments to protect European waters from agricultural activities: status of their implementation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Znaor, Darko.
This is report of a study involving nine European countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Great Britain, Hungary, Netherlands, Romania and Slovenia), as well as several regional (international) programmes, such as EU, Baltic Sea, Danube River Basin and the Black Sea programmes. The information needed to analyse the existing national and international policies and their implementation was obtained through a survey using a specially developed questionnaire. The answers were provided by a number of high governmental officials from the ministries of agriculture, environment and/or water management of the reviewed countries and the respected international organisations. The survey was complemented with information collected through a literature...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Farming Systems; Crop husbandry; Social aspects; Air and water emissions; Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Policy environments and social economy; Environmental aspects; Farm nutrient management; Knowledge management.
Ano: 1999

Relating N2O emissions from energy crops to the avoided fossil fuel-derived CO2 – a study on bioethanol and biogas produced from organically managed maize, rye, vetch and grass-clover
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Sune T.; Heiske, Stefan; Jensen, Morten; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.
Field emissions of N2O during cultivation of bioenergy crops may counterbalance a considerable part of the avoided fossil CO2 emissions that are achieved by fossil fuel displacement.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18329/4/18329.pdf

Rene marker uden udvaskning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Plantener, Pernille.
At bevare kvælstoffet og samtidig holde markerne fri for rodukrudt – det er en af økologiens store udfordringer. Traditionelt har kuren mod rodukrudtet været mekanisk behandling efter høst, evt. helsædshøst og indtil frost. Den kedelige bivirkning er, at alt det uforbrugte og mineraliserede N med overskudsnedbøren skylles direkte ned i dræn og grøfter. Udover den kedelige miljøeffekt reducerer N-tabet den efterfølgende afgrødes konkurrencekraft over for ukrudt.
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Weed management.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/27483/7/27483.pdf

Reply to Leifeld et al.: Enhanced top soil carbon stocks under organic farming is not equated with climate change mitigation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Müller, Adrian; Haeni, Matthias; Skinner, Colin; Fließbach, Andreas; Buchmann, Nina; Mäder, Paul; Stolze, Matthias; Smith, Pete; El-Hage Scialabbad, Nadja; Niggli, Urs.
In their letter, Leifeld et al. (1) argue that our metaanalysis to identify differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) between organic (OF) and nonorganic farming [conventional farming (CF)] (2) selected CF systems that were nonrepresentative. This was not the case. We included data from all available pairwise field comparisons between OF and CF identified in the literature. The observed difference in external carbon (C) inputs between OF and CF did not result from a bias in the selection of studies/treatments but was attributable to the fact that the field comparisons we analyzed (2) were not from fertilization experiments but from pairwise farming system comparisons where the design and the underlying treatments reflected the current farming practices in...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25614/1/PNAS-2013-Gattinger-E985.pdf

Report on the implementation of the Nitrates Directive in Finland 2004
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mitikka, Sari; Britschgi, Ritva; Granlund, Kirsti; Grönroos, Juha; Kauppila, Pirkko; Mäkinen, Risto; Niemi, Jorma; Pyykkönen, Sonja; Raateland, Arjen; Silvo, Kimmo.
There are several factors that affect nitrate concentrations in natural waters. Firstly, sector of production (crop cultivation, animal husbandry), and short term and long term measures in agriculture affect the amount of nitrogen loading.    In Finland the number of farms has declined significantly since the early 1990s.However, the area under cultivation has not been reduced. The portion of the farms with livestock went down by 10 % from 1995 to 2002.    Studies on manure storage have shown that storages that are in use do not cause harmful environmental effects.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/16401/1/nitrate.pdf

Research in organic food and farming as a tool for providing public goods
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.
The multifunctional agriculture is increasingly been emphasized as the direction for farming systems. This notion embraces not only the supply of food and fibre, but also the provision of public goods, which include elements such as landscape, biodiversity, water resources, carbon sequestration, and energy supply. Organic farming has from the onset been concerned not only with the supply of safe and healthy food, but also with maintaining a healthy environment. However, not all practices in organic farming will necessarily contribute towards maximising the contributions to public goods. There is therefore need for research to uncover the effects of organic farming practices on ecosystems and to develop management practices for the benefit not only of crop...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/8394/1/Olesen.doc

Residual effect and nitrate leaching in grass-arable rotations: Effect of grassland proportion, sward type and fertilizer history
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Askegaard, M.; Søegaard, K.
A key point in designing grass-arable rotations is to find the right balance between number of cultivations versus the length of the grass phase. In a field experiment, we investigated the effect of cropping history (grazed grass-clover and ryegrass, proportion of grassland and previous fertilizer use) on crop growth and nitrate leaching in two years following grassland cultivation. In the final year, the effect of perennial ryegrass as a catch crop was investigated. The nitrogen fertiliser replacement value (NFRV) of grassland cultivation was higher at 132 kg N ha-1 in the rotation with 75% grassland compared to on average 111 kg N ha-1 in rotations with 25 and 38% grassland and the NFRV of ryegrass in the rotation was higher than that of grass-clover....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16282/1/16282.pdf

Residual effect and nitrate leaching in mixed crop rotations differing in grassland type, frequency and fertilizer history
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.; Askegaard, M.
The experimental area in Foulum for investigating residual effects of grassland hosts this part of the project. Over the last 9 years, three crop rotations have been build up with different frequency of grazed grassland (Table 1) including both unfertilised grass-clover and fertilised pure ryegrass. In 2003 we re-established grass-clover and ryegrass in all rotations for grazing  in 2004. In 2005 grasslands similar managed during the last three years (2002-2004) but with widely different grassland frequency in the rotation have been ploughed out. In these crop rotations during 1997-2004 grazed grassland has been present 2, 3 and 6 times equivalent to 25, 38 and 75% of the crop rotation. Thus, the long-term effect of composition and frequency of grasslands...
Tipo: Working paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10622/1/10622.doc

Residual effects of previous crops on soil respiration, nitrogen mineralisation and N2O emission
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Olesen, J.E.
Models for simulating nitrogen leaching are often based on simulations of a number of individual processes in the soil, such as turnover of organic matter, nitrogen mineralisation and immobilisation, nitrification, denitrification etc. It has been found that the models used under Danish conditions (DAISY and/or FASSET) have some limitations especially concerning the turnover of organic matter with implications on e.g. soil respiration. Therefore, the models are being modified and for calibration of the model measurements of in situ soil respiration using a portable CO2-analyser, nitrogen mineralization using a field incubation technique and N2O emission using a static chamber method, were carried out during the growing season 2001. The measurements were...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Soil biology; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/1816/1/Abstract_Finn_Vinther_Denmark.doc

Response of methanogenic archaea to Late Pleistocene and Holocene climate changes in the Siberian Arctic
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bischoff, Juliane; Mangelsdorf, Kai; Gattinger, Andreas; Schloter, Michael; Kurchatova, Anna; Herzschuh, Ulrike; Wagner, Dirk.
In order to investigate the link between the methane dynamics in permafrost deposits and climate changes in the past, we studied the abundance,composition and methane production of methanogenic communities in Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments of the Siberian Arctic. We detected intervals of increased methane concentrations in Late Pleistocene and Holocene deposits along a 42 ka old permafrost sequence from Kurungnakh Island in the Lena Delta (northeast Siberia). Increased amounts of archaeal life markers (intact phospholipid ethers) and a high variety in genetic fingerprints detected by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene analyses of methanogenic archaea suggest presently living and presumably active methanogenic archaea in distinct layers...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/22247/1/Bischoff-et-al-GBC-2013.pdf

Restmaterialer fra bio-energiproduktion - kan de tilbageføres til marken?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Johansen, Anders; Hansen, Christian M.; Carter, Mette S.
Efluents from biogas production may be recycled to soil as plant nutrition. However, the proportion of plant-available nitrogen is high and may cause loss due to leaching or gaseous emissions. Hence, such waste stream materials must be applied with care to ensure maximum plant uptake to minimize loss. Spread of weed seeds via application of biogas effluents is only a problem when the digestion is performed at mesophilic conditions and when the seeds are staying less than a week in the plant. At thermophilic conditions, seeds from a range of weed plant were unable to germinate efter just a few days.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Weed management; Soil quality; Health and welfare; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/16902/1/16902.pdf

Restprodukter fra bioenergi er velegnet som gødning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Johansen, Anders.
Experiments indicate that de-gassed residues from biogas production can be re-cycled to the field and constitute a good source of plant fertilizer. However, due to a high content of readily available nitrogen, application must be carefully timed with plant growth to prevent nitrogen loss. Long-term consequences for soil fertility should be studied further.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Soil biology; Denmark; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16874/1/16874.pdf

Restricting the nonlinearity parameter in soil greenhouse gas flux calculation for more reliable flux estimates
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hüppi, Roman; Felber, Raphael; Krauss, Maike; Six, Johan; Leifeld, Jens; Fuß, Roland.
The static chamber approach is often used for greenhouse gas (GHG) flux measurements, whereby the flux is deduced from the increase of species concentration after closing the chamber. Since this increase changes diffusion gradients between chamber air and soil air, a nonlinear increase is expected. Lateral gas flow and leakages also contribute to non linearity.  Several models have been suggested to account for this non linearity, the most recent being the Hutchinson±Mosier regression model (HMR). However, the practical application of these models is challenging because the researcher needs to decide for each flux whether a nonlinear fit is appropriate or exaggerates flux estimates due to measurement artifacts. In the latter case, a flux estimate from the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Specific methods; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34683/1/hueppi_etal_2018_PlosOne_Vol13_Issue7-p1-17.pdf

Review of key causes and sources for N2O emmisions and NO3-leaching from organic arable crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Frøseth, Randi Berland; Stenberg, Maria; Stalenga, Jarosław; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Krauss, Maike; Radzikowski, Pawel; Doltra, Jordi; Nadeem, Shahid; Torp, Torfinn; Pappa, Valentini; Watson, Christine.
Abstract. The emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and leaching of nitrate (NO3) have considerable negative impacts on climate and the environment. Although these environmental burdens are on average less per unit area in organic than in non-organic production, they are not smaller per unit of product. If organic farming is to maintain its goal of being an environmentally friendly production system, these emissions should be mitigated. We discuss the impact of possible triggers within organic arable farming practice for the risk of N2O emissions and NO3 leaching under European climatic conditions, and possible strategies to reduce these. Organic arable crop rotations can be characterised as diverse with frequent use of legumes, intercropping and organic...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions; Soil; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34138/2/FertilCrop%20WP5.2%20%20N2O%20_%20NO3%20version%2029%20submitted%20with%20captions.pdf

Reviews and syntheses: Review of causes and sources of N2O  emissions and NO3 leaching from organic arable crop rotations
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Sissel; Frøseth, Randi Berland; Stenberg, Maria; Stalenga, Jarosław; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Krauss, Maike; Radzikowski, Pawel; Doltra, Jordi; Nadeem, Shahid; Torp, Torfinn; Pappa, Valentini; Watson, Christine.
The emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and leaching of nitrate (NO3) from agricultural cropping systems have considerable negative impacts on climate and the environment. Although these environmental burdens are less per unit area in organic than in non-organic production on average, they are roughly similar per unit of product. If organic farming is to maintain its goal of being environmentally friendly, these loadings must be addressed. We discuss the impact of possible drivers of N2O emissions and NO3 leaching within organic arable farming practice under European climatic conditions, and potential strategies to reduce these. Organic arable crop rotations are generally diverse with the frequent use of legumes, intercropping and organic fertilisers. The...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36302/1/bg-16-2795-2019.pdf

Revisão da literatura: minhocas utilizadas como bioindicadoras de contaminação industrial por metais pesados.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Devide, Antonio Carlos Pries.
As minhocas são seres vivos sensíveis às transformações que ocorre no solo. essa revisão contém uma caracterização de espécies de minhocas, seu emprego como bioindicador e a revisão de uma pesquisa que determinou o efeito bioindicador de minhocas em função da contaminação por indústrias de metal pesado.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/24814/1/EARTWORM_BIOINDICATOR.pdf

Rezyklierte Phosphordünger - was die Branche davon hält
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bünemann-Koenig, Else; Symanczik, Sarah; Mäder, Paul; Loes, A.-K.
Phosphor in Abwässern muss ab 2026 rückgewonnen werden. Was halten Landwirte und andere Düngeexperten davon?
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30185/1/BA5-2016.pdf

Ring i trynen garanterer ikke en lav N udvaskning fra søer på græs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Ringning af søer er et kompromis i forhold til de økologiske principper om at tilgodese dyrenes adfærdsmæssige behov. Resultaterne viser, at selvom ringning har en positiv miljøeffekt, så er der andre forhold som er mindst ligeså vigtige for potentialet for tab af næringsstoffer.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/10049/1/10049.pdf

Ringning af søer påvirker græsdække og potentiale for næringsstoftab
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Ringning af søer er et kompromis i forhold til de økologiske principper om at tilgodese dyrenes adfærdsmæssige behov. Resultaterne viser, at selvom ringning har en positiv miljøeffekt, så er der andre forhold som er mindst ligeså vigtige for potentialet for tab af næringsstoffer.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/10048/1/10048.doc

Risk of heavy metal accumulation in agricultural soil when livestock manure and organic waste is used for fertilisation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.
Increased use of livestock manure and organic waste within agriculture may cause soil accumulation of heavy metal. Sewage sludge and composted organic waste are important heavy metal sources. However, livestock manure is the major source of copper and zinc. Heavy metal balances calculations have shown that actual annual inputs of especially copper and zinc exceeds annual output considerably, which may create unacceptable soil concentrations of heavy metals in regions with dense livestock production.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/3482/1/3482.doc

Rodsystemer hos rødbede, sukkermajs og knoldselleri efter grøngødning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Christiansen, Julie S.; Kristensen, Hanne L.; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
Større viden om grønsagers rodvækst vil kunne øge kvælstofudnyttelsen ved økologisk dyrkning. Derfor er rodsystemerne hos rødbede, sukkermajs og knoldselleri blevet undersøgt ved Danmarks JordbrugsForskning i Årslev.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Soil biology; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/7912/1/7912.doc

Rodukrudt hører ikke hjemme i økologisk planteproduktion
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Askegaard, Margrethe.
Kan høj produktion og lav miljøbelastning forenes i økologisk jordbrug? Det spørgsmål blev diskuteret på en temadag holdt af FØJO og DJF. Jamen, kan man spørge, er økologisk dyrkning ikke netop lig med ”produktion og miljø”? Jo, de økologiske regler sikrer miljøet et langt stykke af vejen, men der er huller. Et af disse huller skyldes rodukrudt, som er et stort problem på mange økologiske planteavlsbedrifter. Artiklen giver nogle bud på hvad der skal til for at lukke disse huller.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Regulation; Weed management; Soil quality; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/8825/1/8825.doc

Root growth and nitrogen uptake of carrot, early cabbage, onion and lettuce following a range of green manures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, K.
An experiment was performed to study the significance of rooting depth of four vegetable crops on their utilization of green manure nitrogen (N). Rates of rooting depth development were estimated as approximately 0.2, 0.7, 1.2 and 1.2 mm day C)1 for onion, carrot, lettuce and cabbage, respectively. At harvest, onion and lettuce were found to be shallow-rooted with final rooting depths of only 0.3 and 0.6 m, respectively, whereas carrot and cabbage reached rooting depths of at least 1.1 m. The two deep-rooted vegetables increased their N uptake by 46, 24 and 7 kg N ha)1 when following winterhardy  legumes, non-hardy legumes and rye, respectively; the equivalent responses by the two shallowrooted crops were 23, 9 and 15 kg N ha)1, respectively. Thus the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Root crops; Vegetables; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7903/1/7903.pdf

Rotte ohne Luftzufuhr - kann sie das Klima schützen?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hämmerli, Franziska.
Ein Landwirt macht gute Erfahrungen mit einem Rotteprozess, der viel Kohlenstoff im Boden binden soll. Forscher sind skeptisch, da es an wissenschaftlichen Belegen mangelt.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32740/1/Bioaktuell-5-2018-haemmerli.pdf

Sådan findes den optimale balance mellem øko-græsproduktion og miljø
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Græsmarker af længere varighed, forbedret management, strategisk gødskning og artsblandinger er nøgleord, når den optimale balance mellem produktion og miljø skal findes på stadig større kvægbrug.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/16295/1/16295.pdf

Sådan kan økologisk planteavl sænke udledningen af drivhusgasser
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.
Både økologisk og konventionel planteavl udleder drivhusgasser, især lattergas og CO2. For at reducere den samlede belastning fra økologisk planteavl er det vigtigt at fokusere på sunde og konkurrencedygtige afgrøder, der giver høje udbytter og mindsker behovet for ukrudtsbekæmpelse. Efterafgrøder er med til at øge kulstofindholdet i jorden, men kvælstofrige grøngødningsafgrøder og efterafgrøder bør høstes og anvendes i biogasanlæg både for at øge udbyttet og for at mindske lattergasudledningerne.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16313/1/16313.pdf

Samarbeid om spredning av husdyrgjødsel – til beste for  bonde, klima og økonomi
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Ebbesvik, Martha.
Utslipp av klimagasser er en uunngåelig konsekvens av jordbruksdrift. Utslippene kommer blant annet fra bruk av diesel og spredning av husdyrgjødsel. Melkeproduksjonen i Møre og Romsdal utvikler seg som ellers i landet; de som driver blir færre og større. Tall fra Landbruksdirektoratet viser at 63 % av melkebøndene i fylket har slutta siden år 2000. Dette har gitt muligheter for dem som vil satse, men også noen klare utfordringer med tanke på gjødselhåndtering. I denne publikasjonen regnes det på et konkret samarbeid om gjødselspredning mellom to driftsenheter. Eksemplet viser at det er mye å spare på økt samarbeid både for bonde, økonomi og miljø/klima.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm economics; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32493/7/NORS%C3%98K%20Faginfo%20nr.%204%202017%20Samarbeid%20om%20spredning%20av%20husdyrgj%C3%B8sel%20Rose%20Bergslid.pdf

Samdyrkning er en lovende strategi
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, Hanne L.
Discussion of the intercropping technique for reduction of nitrate leaching in vegetables
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Vegetables.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/32032/1/oekologi-erhverv-nr-601.pdf

Samme udvaskning af kvælstof ved økologisk og konventionel planteavl
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, B.M.; Berntsen, J.; Kristensen, I.S.; Olesen, J.E.
I forbindelse med den faglige evaluering forud for Vandmiljøplan II (VMP II) blev det anslået, at økologisk jordbrug i gennemsnit reducerede udvaskningen med 10 kg kvælstof (N) per ha. Det fremgik, at dette tal var behæftet med stor usikkerhed. Da der i forbindelse med genberegning af udvaskningsniveauet fra dansk landbrug i 2002 skete en opjustering af det generelle udvaskningsniveau før VMP II, vurderedes dette ikke at skulle ske for økologisk jordbrug. Forskellen i nitratudvaskning mellem økologiske og konventionelle arealer blev derfor revurderet til at være 28 kg N per ha.DJF har nu genanalyseret forskellene mellem økologiske og konventionelle planteavlsbrug for repræsentative sædskifter, driftsledelser og gødningsimport (Berntsen et al., 2004)....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4663/1/4663.PDF

Samspillet mellem landbrugets strukturudvikling og naturbeskyttelse i forskellige EU-lande
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, T.; Hutchings, N.; Kjeldsen, C.
Strukturudviklingen har vidt forskellige konsekvenser i forskellige dele af EU. I nogle områder ’afvikles’ traditionelt landbrug og giver mulighed for etablering af ’ny natur’. I andre områder intensiveres den konkurrencedygtige landbrugsproduktion. Samtidig indføres miljøforbedrede produktionssystemer, men der er alligevel behov for særlige planlægningstiltag for at give plads til den sårbare natur i disse områder.     I denne præsentation gennemgås en række eksempler på, hvordan strukturudviklingen i landbruget kan spille sammen med naturbeskyttelsen. Eksemplerne er hentet fra en række forskellige EU-lande, som DJF har forskningsprojekter sammen med.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/14806/1/14806.pdf

Sauberes Wasser im Zugersee? 25 Prozent Biobetriebe!
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schmid, Otto.
Stinkende Algenteppiche und tote Fische schockierten vor dreissig Jahren die Bevölkerung am Zugersee. Der Kanton reagierte mit einem millionen-teuren Projekt: einem gigantischem Röhrensystem, das den Zugersee mit Wasser vom Vierwaldstättersee sauber spülen sollte. Reine Symptombekämpfung fanden Biopioniere und zeigten 1987 in  einer grossen Studie des FiBL, was die Umstellung des ganzen Kantons auf Biolandbau bewirken würde.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/32197/1/Bioaktuell_8_2017_O.Schmid.pdf

Schnittgutabfuhr oder Gründüngung? Auswirkung der Kleegras-Nutzung auf Nitrat im Sickerwasser und Folgefrüchte
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dreymann, Sonja; Loges, Ralf; Taube, Friedhelm.
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of different management systems of grass-clover (various cutting and/or mulching combinations) and date of ploughing (autumn or spring) on the fate of nitrogen (N) and the yield of succeeding wheat. The 3-cut system resulted in nitrate losses below the limit of the EC Nitrate Directive (91/676/EEC), even with ploughing in autumn. When ploughed in spring, treatments with frequent cutting and/or mulching induced nitrate leaching below the critical value. In contrast, losses from swards mulched only once were considerably above the threshold value, independently of ploughing time. With swards mulched and ploughed in autumn, nitrate concentrations exceed the EC-limit. The management of grass-clover swards...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Nutrient turnover; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/3700/1/3700.pdf

Searching efficient protection strategies for the eutrophied Gulf of Finland: the integrated use of experimental and modelling tools (SEGUE)
Provedor de dados: 21
Nitrogen removal from accumulation sediments near the coast and in the open Gulf of Finland are of similar magnitude - neither more efficient nor weaker near the cost. Seasonal variation in nitrogen removal is significant, with the lowest values recorded during early spring and te highest during late autumn. This variability is linked to the sedimentation and decomposition of organic matter. In the coastal areas, temperature has a large impact on the process rates.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/16402/1/gulf.pdf

Sensitivity of labile carbon fractions to tillage and organic matter management and their potential as comprehensive soil quality indicators across pedoclimatic conditions in Europe
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bongiorno, Giulia; Bünemann, Else K.; Oguejiofor, Chidinma U.; Meier, Jennifer; Gort, Gerrit; Comans, Rob; Mäder, Paul; Brussaard, Lijbert; de Goede, Ron.
Soil quality is defined as the capacity of the soil to perform multiple functions, and can be assessed by measuring soil chemical, physical and biological parameters. Among soil parameters, labile organic carbon is considered to have a primary role in many soil functions related to productivity and environmental resilience. Our study aimed at assessing the suitability of different labile carbon fractions, namely dissolved organic carbon (DOC), hydrophilic DOC (Hy-DOC), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC, also referred to as Active Carbon), hot water extractable carbon (HWEC) and particulate organic matter carbon (POMC) as soil quality indicators in agricultural systems. To do so, we tested their sensitivity to two agricultural management factors (tillage...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/34684/1/bongiorno_etal_2019_EcologicalIndicators_Vol99_p38-50.pdf

Short term N2O, CO2, NH3 fluxes and N/C transfers in a Danish grass-clover pasture after simulated urine deposition in autumn
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bol, Roland; Petersen, Søren O.; Christofides, Calliopi; Dittert, Klaus; Hansen, Martin Nørregaard.
Urine patches are significant hot-spots of C and N transformations. To investigate the effects of urine composition on C and N turnover and gaseous emissions from a Danish pasture soil, a field plot study was carried out in September 2001. Cattle urine was amended with two levels of 13C- and 15N-labeled urea, corresponding to 5.58 and 9.54 g urea-N l-1, to reflect two levels of protein intake. Urine was then added to a sandy-loam pasture soil equivalent to a rate of 23.3 or 39.8 g urea-N m-2. Pools and isotopic labeling of nitrous oxide (N2O) and CO2 emissions, extractable urea, ammonium (NH4+), and nitrate (NO3-), and plant uptake were monitored during a 14 d period, while ammonia (NH3) losses were estimated in separate plots amended with unlabeled urine....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4060/1/4060.pdf

Short-term C and N dynamics in urine patches: Response of nitrifiers to different urinary urea levels
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, Søren O.; Bol, Roland; Dittert, Klaus; Christofides, Calliopi; Roslev, Peter; Hansen, Martin N.
Managed grasslands can accumulate soil organic carbon and thereby remove CO2 from the atmosphere. When grazed, however, the interaction between N inputs (fertilization, feeding, N fixation) and excretal returns can lead to sward deterioration and elevated emissions of N2O in urine patches. Both effects may reduce the positive effect of carbon storage on the greenhouse gas balance.    A field plot study was carried out between 19 September and 4 October 2001, in which cattle urine amended with 13C- and 15N-labelled urea was added to a sandy loam pasture. Two levels of urea, corresponding to 23.3 and 39.8 g urea-N m-2, were compared with an unamended control. Ammonia losses corresponded to 14 and 12% of the urea-N applied in the low (UL) and high (UH) urea...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/2906/1/Ghent_presentation_020604.ppt

Short-term carbon and nitrogen cycling in urine patches assessed by combined carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 labelling.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, P.; Petersen, S.O.; Soussana, J.-F.
Deposition of urine and dung by grazing animals is a strong source for N2O production and evolution in grass pastures. Investigations have shown that at least 20% of the annual losses of N2O from a grazed pasture may be associated with urine patches. Moreover, it is well known that urine depositions causes plant damage (scorching) and root death. It can therefore be hypothesized that organic C is released, which may further stimulate the production of N2O. In this study we have used combined 13C-pulse labeling and 15N-labeled urine in order to determine the amount of plant derived C respired in response to the urine application and assess the N2O emission factor from urine patches. Over a six weeks course the cumulated amount of CO2 evolved equaled the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10143/1/AGEE2979-Jan2007.pdf

Short-term nitrous oxide emissions from pasture soil as influenced by urea level and soil nitrate
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Petersen, Søren O.; Stamatiadis, Stamatis; Christofides, Calliopi.
Nitrogen excreted by cattle during grazing is a significant source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O). The regulation of N2O emissions is not well understood, but may vary with urine composition and soil conditions. This laboratory study was undertaken to describe short-term effects on N2O emissions and soil conditions, including microbial dynamics, of urea amendment at two different rates (22 and 43 g N m-2). The lower urea concentration was also combined with an elevated soil NO3- concentration. Urea solutions labelled with 25 atom% 15N were added to the surface of repacked pasture soil cores and incubated for 1, 3, 6 or 9 days under constant conditions (60% WFPS, 14°C). Soil inorganic N (NH4+, NO2- and NO3-), pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4062/1/4062.pdf

Should organic farmers be rewarded for sequestering C in soil?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Cooper, Julia M.; Melchett, Peter.
The question of whether farmers, and organic farmers in particular, should be rewarded for sequestering C in soils is controversial. A review of the literature on long term experiments comparing organic and conventional systems, demonstrates that soils under organic management tend to have higher soil organic carbon (SOC) contents than conventionally managed soils. But the logistics of designing a system that compensates individual farmers for this ecosystem service are challenging. Agreements would have to be reached on the baseline system used for calculation of relative gains in SOC, values for emissions of other GHGs from soils (e.g. methane and nitrous oxide), the direct and indirect CO2 emissions associated with energy use and crop production inputs...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/11425/1/11425.pdf

Silo som gjødsel?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Løes, Anne-Kristin; Danielsberg, Gøran.
Som alternativ til å slå grønngjødsel og la den råtne på jordet, ble grønngjødsla samlet opp og lagt i haug under plast til neste vår, hvor den ble spredd og harvet ned som gjødsel til korn. Det ble lavere kornavlinger med denne metoden enn med vanlig grønngjødsling (3 slåtter). Forsøkene foregikk på Høgskolen i Hedmark, på morenejord på Møystad.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/5464/1/silo_som_gjodsel_2004.pdf

SimDen – A simple empirical model for quantification of N2O emission and denitrification
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.
The denitrification process, including emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), is an important process both from an agricultural and environmental point of view. However, the process is, due to its high spatial and temporal variability, very difficult and resource demanding to quantify, and the only alternative is often to use simulation models. However, simulation models often need more input information than what is available. Therefore, a simple empirical model - SimDen - for quantifying the denitrification is presented, where only information about soil type and fertilisation are needed as input variables.  Basically, the denitrification in SimDen is calculated as (N2O-emission) x (N2/N2O-ratio):   - The N2O-emission is derived from input of N and emission...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5759/1/5759.pdf

SimDen - en simpel model til kvantificering af N2O-emission og denitrifikation.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, Finn P.; Hansen, Søren.
Denitrifikationen, som er særdeles vigtig både i landbrugs- og miljømæssig henseende, er en af de vanskeligste processer i kvælstof kredsløbet at kvantificere, idet den er kendetegnet ved en stor rumlig og tidslig variation. Der er brug for mange ressourcekrævende målinger for med rimelig sikkerhed at kvantificere denitrifikationen på markniveau. Eksperimentel bestemmelse af denitrifikationen er derfor oftest udelukket, og man må ty til matematiske modeller, hvis man ønsker at estimere hvad denitrifikationen har været, eller ønsker at vide hvad denitrifikationen måtte blive ved en given ændring i landbrugspraksis. Også modeller kan dog være vanskelige at håndtere, idet de fleste modeller kræver adgang til flere baggrundsoplysninger end det oftest er muligt...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/3139/1/SimDen.pdf

Similarity of technical logics of cropping systems organization between conventional and recently converted organic farmers in a water catchment area
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gratecap, J.B.; Wezel, A.; Casagrande, Marion; Martin, P.
Organic farming is considered as a solution to preserve water quality in drinking water catchments. For local managers of these catchments it is thus important to identify conventional farmers for potential conversion to organic farming. The aim of this article is to assess technical similarity of conventional farmers concerned by a water catchment to organic farming. We build a typology of farmers based on technical logics related to cropping systems organization. We differentiated five types of farmers among 18 conventional dairy farmers and three recently converted organic farmers. According to our results, only two farmers can be considered as close to technical logics identified in organic farms. Nevertheless, we could identify partial technical...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/26278/1/Gratecap_2013_CIAG_Vol32.pdf

Simulated nitrogen leaching, nitrogen mass field balances and their correlation on four farms in south-western Finland during the period 2000-2005
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rankinen, Katri; Salo, Tapio; Granlund, Kirsti; Rita, Hannu.
Nitrogen (N) gross balance is one of the indicators designed for following developments in agriculture in the European Union. A nutrient surplus occurs when the quantity of a nutrient applied in fertilizers is greater than that removed during harvest. In this study the usefulness of N balance in studying the fate of N and controlling N leaching from agricultural fields in south-western Finland was evaluated. To estimate N leaching in 2000–2005 the mathematical, process-based model COUP was applied to twelve fields representing four agricultural production sectors. The fields represented conventional cereal production, organic cereal production and both conventional cattle and pig husbandry. Simulated N leaching was lowest from cereal production fields with...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/16899/1/rankinen.pdf

Simulating nitrate retention in soils and the effect of catch crop use and rooting pattern under the climatic conditions of Northern Europe
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Pedersen, Anders; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Jensen, Lars Stoumann.
This model analysis of catch crop effects on nitrate retention covered three soil texture classes sand, loamy sand, sandy loam) and three precipitation regimes in a temperate climate representative for northern Europe (annual precipitation 709-1026 mm) for a period of 43 years.  Simulations were made with two catch crops (ryegrass and Brassica) with different rooting depths, and soil N effects in the next spring were analysed to 0.25, 0.75 and 2.0 m depth to represent the catch crop effect on following crops with different rooting depths. Nitrate retained without a catch crop was generally located in deeper soil layers. In the low precipitation regime the overall fraction of nitrate retained in the 0-2.0 m soil profile was 0.23 for the sandy soil, 0.69 for...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil; Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16122/1/16122.pdf

Simulating soil N2O and CO2 emissions from arable cropping systems using FASSET and MOBILE-DNDC
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chirinda, N.; Kracher, D.; Porter, J.R.; Olesen, J.E.; Petersen, B.M.; Doltra, J.; Kiese, R.; Butterbach-Bahl, K.
Modelling of soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) is complicated by complex interactions between processes and factors influencing their production, consumption and transport. In this study N2O emissions and heterotrophic CO2 respiration were simulated from soils under winter wheat grown in three different organic and one inorganic fertilizer-based cropping system using two different models, i.e., MoBiLE-DNDC and FASSET. The two models were generally capable of simulating most seasonal trends of measured soil heterotrophic CO2 respiration and N2O emissions. Annual soil heterotrophic CO2 respiration was underestimated by both models in all systems (about 10−30% by FASSET and 10−40% by MoBiLE-DNDC). Both models overestimated annual...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18512/1/Chirinda_et_al_(modelling).pdf

Simulation of effect of climate, soils and management on N2O emission from grassland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chatskikh, D.; Olesen, J.E.; Berntsen, J.; Regina, K.; Yamulki, S.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas with a high contribution from agricultural soils and emissions that depend on soil type, climate, crops and management practices. The N2O emissions therefore need to be included as an integral part of environmental assessment of agricultural production systems. A dynamical algorithm for N2O production and emission from agricultural soils was developed and included in the FASSET whole-farm model. The model simulated carbon and nitrogen (N) turnover on a daily basis. Both nitrification and denitrification was included in the model as sources for N2O production, and the N2O emissions were simulated to depend on soil microbial and physical conditions. The model was tested on experimental data of N2O emissions from...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/1808/2/1808.pdf

Simulering af fossilt energiforbrug og emission af drivhusgasser. Tre scenarier for omlægning til 100% økologisk jordbrug i Danmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy; Halberg, Niels; Fenger, Jes.
Formålet med rapporten er at beskrive og anvende en metode til at vurdere ændringen i landbrugets forbrug af fossil energi og emission af drivhusgasser ved omlægning til 100% økologisk jordbrug i Danmark. Situationen for dansk landbrug i 1996 er sammenlignet med tre scenarier for 100% omlægning: A) Fuld selvforsyning med foder (0% import). Herved begrænses den mulige svineproduktion. B) 15% import af foder til drøvtyggere og 25% import til enmavede dyr (15-25% import). Også her begrænses svineproduktionen, men dog mindre en i scenario A. C) Fastholdelse af den samme animalske produktion som i 1996 (ubegrænset foderimport).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/3031/1/Rap_05.pdf

Soil carbon sequestration in Switzerland - the DOK trial
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Scholberg, Johannes; Müller, Adrian.
Organic systems, by closing nutrient cycles and making more efficient use of local (on-farm) resources, can contribute to mitigating climate change1. This is due to the fact that certain farming practices result in storage of carbon (C) in the soil (sequestration), thereby effectively reducing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. The DOK trial, a research project on the mitigation potential of Organic Agriculture has demonstrated this.
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/17937/1/scholberg%2Dmuller%2D2009%2Difoam.pdf

Soil carbon sequestration of organic crop and livestock systems and potential for accreditation by carbon markets
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Müller, Adrian; Häni, Matthias; Oehen, Bernadette; Stolze, Matthias; Niggli, Urs.
During a two-day RTOACC workshop hosted by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), participants discussed the potential for organic agriculture in carbon markets and the need to develop strategies for the role of organic agriculture in climate policy. To move in this direction requires quantifying and raising recognition of the mitigation potential of organic agriculture. Thus the participants also looked at available data and began a process of identifying data gaps. In doing so, they presented the related ongoing work of their organizations and drew conclusions for the further orientation and actions of the RTOACC.  The following synthesizes the discussions, reports and outcomes of the workshop.
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/21773/1/Gattinger-etal-2012-Kapitel2-ausRTOACCbericht-p10-31.pdf

Soil carbon storage and yields of spring barley following grass leys of different age
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Christensen, B.T.; Rasmussen, J.; Eriksen, J.; Hansen, E.M.
The inclusion of leys in arable cropping is generally found to improve soil fertility. The effect of leys depends on their botanical composition and management, but the significance of individual management factors remains confounded in most studies. We quantified the effects of one- to six-year-old pure grass leys on soil C (0-20 cm) and yields of three subsequent test crops of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) under-sown with Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Each ley was a mixture of four grass species (Lolium perenne, Festuca pratensis, Phleum pratense, Poa pratensis), exposed to three to four cuts annually. Only mineral fertilizers were applied (225 kg N ha-1 yr-1). The yield of barley was tested at six rates of N fertilizer (0 to 150 kg N ha-1). The...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16289/1/16289.pdf

Soil erosion potential of organic versus conventional farming evaluated by USLE modelling of cropping statistics for agricultural districts in Bavaria
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Auerswald, Karl; Kainz, Max; Fiener, Peter.
Organic agriculture (OA) aims to identify a production regime that causes less environmental problems than conventional agriculture (CA). We examined whether the two systems differ in their susceptibility to soil erosion by water. To account for the large heterogeneity within the rotations practised on different farms, we chose a statistical evaluation which modelled erosion using the USLE method from the cropping statistics for 2056 districts in Bavaria (70 547 km2; 29.8% arable). Physical conditions of erosion  were determined in a rectangular grid yielding 13 125 grid-cells of c. 5 km2 each. For validation, erosion was measured in 10 sub-watersheds on two neighbouring OA and CA farms over 8 years (287 erosive events). On average, about 15% less erosion...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop combinations and interactions; Soil; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/6859/1/2003_Auerswald%2DSUM.pdf

Soil GHG fluxes under organic &amp; non-organic agriculture compared: First results from measurements taken in the DOK-Experiment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Skinner, Colin; Buol, Amanda; Gattinger, Andreas; Fliessbach, Andreas; Mäder, Paul.
Soil management induces nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) emissions that account for around 40% of agriculture's direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. Nitrous oxide is formed in the soil through a multitude of aerobic and anaerobic microbial processes with broadly varying shares and rates depending on atmospheric and site-specific conditions. Generally, N2O fluxes show a high spatial and temporal variability. A robust finding is that lower nitrogen application rates are associated with lower nitrous oxide emissions.  Organic farming systems provide multiple environmental benefits; they foster inter alia agriculture’s mitigation potential concerning climate change. Skinner et al. (2014) evaluated with Meta-Analysis the available global dataset...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Soil.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25754/1/Poster-BGS-Changings-improved-fin.pdf

Soil properties, crop production and greenhouse gas emissions from organic and inorganic fertilizer-based arable cropping systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Chirinda, N.; Olesen, J.E.; Porter, J.R.; Schjønning, P.
Organic and conventional farming practices differ in the use of several management strategies, including use of catch crops, green manure, and fertilization, which may influence soil properties, greenhouse gas emissions and productivity of agroecosystems. An 11-yr old field experiment on a sandy loam soil in Denmark was used to compare several crop rotations with respect to a range of physical, chemical and biological characteristics related to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) flows. Four organic rotations and an inorganic fertilizer-based system were selected to evaluate effects of fertilizer type, catch crops, of grass-clover used as green manure, and of animal manure application. Soil was sampled from winter wheat and spring barley plots in Sept 2007, April...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil biology; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18511/1/18511.pdf

Soil quality changes in field trials comparing organic reduced tillage to plough systems across Europe (TILMAN-ORG Session)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Fliessbach, Andreas; Hammerl, Verena; Antichi, Daniele; Barberi, Paolo; Berner, Alfred; Bufe, Cornelia; Delfosse, Philippe; Gattinger, Andreas; Grosse, Meike; Haase, Thorsten; Heß, Jürgen; Hissler, Christophe; Koal, Phillip; Kranzler, Andreas; Krauss, Maike; Mäder, Paul; Peigné, Joséphine; Pritsch, Karin; Reintam, Endla; Surböck, Andreas; Vian, Jean François; Schloter, Michael.
Field trials on reduced soil tillage under organic farming conditions across Europe were used to compare the soil quality changes over time. Soil organic carbon fractions, soil carbon stocks and microbial community structure were analysed. Most severe differences between plough and reduced tillage were found in the top ten cm of the soil profile. Differences became less or not significant in deeper layers. Analyses are still ongoing and will only be ready to be presented at the conference.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Crop combinations and interactions; Soil biology; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/24293/1/24293%20TILMAN%20Fliessbach_revised_MM.pdf

SOME METHODOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES OF CONDUCTING AGROECOLOGICAL STUDIES FROM A STATISTICAL PERSPECTIVE
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bianconi, A.; von Zuben, C.J.; Habberman, G.; Govone, J.S.; Dalgaard, T.
It is widely accepted that statistical analyses are essential tools for improving agronomic techniques, and our goal was to discuss the importance of such tools to alternative agronomic approaches. Effective comparisons between organic and conventional production systems are not as common as they could be, because it is usually difficult to meet the assumptions of traditional statistical approaches in making such comparisons. In this context, the current paper indicates that alternative approaches (such as organic farming) should be promoted not only by encouraging farmers to deploy agroecological techniques, but also by providing agroecologists with robust analyses based on rigorous statistical procedures.  Keywords: agroecology; multivariate statistics;...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation; Farm nutrient management; History of organics.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/19045/6/19045.pdf

Sources of N2O in organic grass-clover pastures.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, Dr P.
Organic farming practises, and in particular dairy production systems based on grass-clover pastures are becoming increasingly abundant within Danish agriculture. Grass-clover pastures may provide a mitigation option to reduce grassland nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (Velthof et al. 1998).  The objectives of this work was to examine the relationship between N2O emissions and transformations of inorganic N in organically managed grass-clover pastures of different ages. Results from the project will be used for calibration of the FASSET whole-farm nitrogen transformation model.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/1778/1/i13a.pdf

Sources of N2O in organic grass-clover pastures
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, P.
Organic farming practises, and in particular dairy production systems based on grass-clover pastures are becoming increasingly abundant within Danish agriculture. Grass-clover pastures may provide a mitigation option to reduce grassland nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (Velthof et al. 1998).  The objectives of this work was to examine the relationship between N2O emissions and transformations of inorganic N in organically managed grass-clover pastures of different ages. Results from the project will be used for calibration of the FASSET whole-farm nitrogen transformation model.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/123/1/123.pdf

Steigerung der Naturnahrung zur Förderung einer nachhaltigen und ökologischen Produktion in der Karpfenteichwirtschaft (Verbundvorhaben)
Provedor de dados: 21
Das hier beschriebene Verbundvorhaben umfasst folgende Teilprojekte: FKZ 15NA069 und FKZ 15NA079.  Alle in Organic Eprints archivierten Projektbeschreibungen und Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Verbundvorhaben finden Sie unter folgendem Link: http://orgprints.org/id/saved_search/1628.  Karpfenteiche bieten durch die Bildung von Naturnahrung ein immenses Potential. Obwohl ein aus intrinsisch nachwachsenden Rohstoffen erzeugtes Lebensmittel Fisch maximale ökologische Nachhaltigkeit sowie beste Qualität gewährleistet und die traditionelle Teichwirtschaft Deutschlands langfristig fördern würde, wird diese natürliche Ressource heute bei Weitem nicht optimal genutzt. Mit geringerem Anteil an eiweißreicher Naturnahrung leidet zudem die Qualität des heimischen...
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Feeding and growth; Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2023

Stickstoffmanagement im ökologisch wirtschaftenden Betrieb: Minderung von Stickstoffverlusten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berg, Martin; Haas, Guido; Leisen, Edmund; Schenke, Holger.
Einleitung:  Stickstoff stellt in der landwirtschaftlichen Flächennutzung das zentrale Element für die Ertrags- und Qualitätsbildung dar, ist aber auch der Nährstoff mit den größten Umweltwirkungen.    Ziel des ökologisch wirtschaftenden Betriebs muss daher sein, die Stickstoffzufuhr über Zwischenfrucht- und Hauptfruchtleguminosen zu optimieren und gleichzeitig die Stickstoffverluste zu minimieren. Hinsichtlich der Stickstoffzufuhr wurden im Leitbetriebe-Projekt die Fragen der Düngung mit stickstoffhaltigen Zukaufdüngern im Vergleich zu selbst erzeugtem Körnerleguminosenschrot, die Stickstoffnachlieferung von Futterleguminosen-Gemengen sowie von Winterzwischenfrüchten untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden in den jeweiligen Kapiteln Feldgemüse, Kartoffeln und...
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Technology transfer; Air and water emissions; Composting and manuring.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/2295/1/2295%2Dberg%2Dm%2D2003%2Dstickstoffmanagement.pdf

Stor forskel på energiafgrøders udledning af drivhusgas
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.
Udledning af drivhusgas ved dyrkning af energi-afgrøder kan ophæve en betydelig del af den drivhusgas-gevinst, der er forbundet med biobrændsler
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18327/1/327a.pdf

Storfe, driftssystem og klima
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildri (Rose) Kristine; Hansen, Sissel; Lyche, Arnar; Ullring, Ulf; Helmut van Oort, Bob Eric; Flaten, Ola.
Del en: Storfe og andre drøvtyggere blir gjort til et klimaproblem til tross for at de har foredlet gras, skapt variasjon i landskapet og vært en viktig del av stoffkretsløpet i millioner av år. Driftssystem betyr mye for det totale utslippet av klimagasser fra melk- og kjøttproduksjon. Redusert utslipp av klimagasser fra storfe trenger en helhetlig tilnærming og forståelse for å unngå at utslipp flyttes til en annen sektor eller et annet land.Dagens offisielle statistikk over klimagassutslipp fra storfe gir ikke et dekkende bilde av samlede utslipp fra storfehold. Beregningsmodeller bør videreutvikles slik at de i større grad gjenspeiler ulike driftssystems netto utslipp av klimagasser.    Del to: Storting og forbruker har mange målsettinger for norsk...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/30193/1/NIBIO%20Rapport%20-%20storfe%2C%20driftssystem%20og%20klima.pdf

Storfe, klima og bærekraft – en litteraturstudie
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bergslid, Ildrid Kristine.
I følge FAO (2013) vil verdens befolkning øke fra dagens 7,2 milliarder til 9,6 milliarder i 2050. Samtidig må miljø- og klimabelastningene av matproduksjonen reduseres. Dette vil øke presset på jordbruket verden over.  Jordbruksdrift og husdyrhold belaster miljø og klima i ulik grad, og det er stort nasjonalt og internasjonalt fokus på ulike husdyrproduksjoner og driftssystemers effekter på miljø og klima. Formålet med denne rapporten er å se nærmere på produksjon av storfekjøtt, og om ulike driftssystem (intensiv vs. ekstensiv) belaster miljø og klima i ulik grad. Rapporten baserer seg på nasjonale og internasjonale forskningsresultater og rapporter.  Storfe i intensive driftssystemer har en høy kraftfôrandel i fôrrasjonen. Det betyr at de legger beslag...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Dairy cattle; Beef cattle; Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/30201/1/Storfe%2C%20klima%20og%20b%C3%A6rekraft%20%20-%20en%20litteraturstudie.pdf

Strategien zur Reduzierung der Treibhausgasemissionen in der ökologischen Milchviehhaltung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Gattinger, Andreas; Hörtenhuber, Stefan; Klocke, Peter; Lindenthal, Thomas; Schader, Christian.
Strategien zur Minderung der Emissionen von Methan und anderen in der Rinderhaltung entstehenden Treibhausgasen sind in der gegenwärtigen Agrar- und Klimapolitik von großer Bedeutung. Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwieweit in der ökologischen Rinderhaltung mittels 1) Substitution von Futtersoja und 2) verbessertem Tiergesundheitsmanagement eine Senkung von Treibhausgasemissionen erreicht werden kann. Untersuchungen aus Österreich und der Schweiz belegen dies. Effektive Maßnahmen zur Senkungen von Treibhausgasemissionen stellen die Substitution von Futtersoja durch regional erzeugte Eiweißfuttermittel und ein verbessertes Tiergesundheitsmanagement dar.
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/26570/1/Gattinger-KTBL-2011.docx

Strategies to mitigate nitrous oxide emissions from herbivore production systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schils, R.L.M.; Eriksen, J.; Ledgard, S.; Vellinga, T.V.; Kuikman, P.J.; Lou, J.; Petersen, S.O.; Velthof, G.L.
Herbivores are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. They account for a large share of manure-related N2O emissions, as well as soil-related N2O emissions through the use of grazing land, and land for feed and forage production. It is widely acknowledged that mitigation measures are necessary to avoid an increase in N2O emissions while meeting the growing global food demand. The production and emissions of N2O are closely linked to the efficiency of nitrogen (N) transfer between the  major components of a livestock system, that is, animal, manure, soil and crop. Therefore, mitigation options in this paper have been structured along these N pathways. Mitigation technologies involving diet-based intervention include lowering the CP content...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20634/4/20634.pdf

Studies on greenhouse gas emissions in   organic and conventional dairy farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kassow, Antje; Rahmann, Gerold; Blank, Britta; Paulsen, Hans Marten; Aulrich, Karen.
In Germany agriculture is responsible for 14 % of the whole greenhouse gas (GHG) emis-sions. A considerable portion (30 %) of the emissions is caused by dairy farming. Recent discussions about this issue show that there is a lack of solid data. The project "Climate effects and sustainability of organic and conventional farming systems - examination in a network of pilot farms" aims to attain more precise information. A total of 40 conventional and 40 organic farms in Germany are compared in this project. Half of the farm pairs are dairy systems; they are located as organic/conventional pairs in regions with equal soil and climatic conditions. The collected data includes length of life, first calving, milk yield, fodder regime, state of health of the...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/17010/1/506_lbf_sh335_06_Kassow_Rahmann_et_al_GHG%2DOEL.pdf

Study: Renewables played crucial role in U.S. CO2 reductions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mohlin, Kristina; Camuzeaux, Jonathan; Müller, Adrian; Schneider, Marius; Wagner, Gernot.
After a nearly 20-year upward trend, U.S. CO2 emissions from energy took a sharp and unexpected turn downwards in 2007. By 2013, the country’s annual CO2 emissions had decreased by 11% – a decline not witnessed since the 1979 oil crisis.  Experts have generally attributed this decrease to the economic recession, and to a huge surge in cheap natural gas displacing coal in the U.S. energy mix. But those same experts mostly overlooked another key factor: the parallel rise in renewable energy production from sources like wind and solar, which expanded substantially over the same 2007-2013 timeframe.  Between 2007 and 2013, wind generated electricity grew almost five-fold to 168 TWh and utility-scale solar from 0.6 TWh to 8.7 TWh. During the same period,...
Tipo: Web product
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018

Submission for Koronivia joint work on agriculture (KJWA) on topics 2(b) and 2(c) for SBI/SBSTA 50
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, A.; Leippert, F.; Lichtenegger, M.; Herren, M.
Background  At this Koronivia joint work on agriculture (KJWA) in-session workshop in Bonn (SBI/SBSTA 50), adaptation, adaptation co-benefits and resilience (2(b)), as well as the role of soils and integrated agricultural systems in particular (2(c)), will be at the centre of discussions.  This submission provides first insights on these topics based on an ongoing scientific review of the empirical evidence for agroecology to tackle climate change in agriculture. The rationale for this review is the need for increased evidence on agroecology’s potential to build resilience to climate change. Its objective is therefore to assess the state of scientific knowledge on this question. Agroecological agricultural systems, for short, are characterised by following...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35592/1/mueller-etal-submission_KJWA_2b_2c_Biovision_FiBL.pdf

SUSTAINABLE CULTIVATION OF OLIVE TREES BY REUSING OLIVE MILL WASTES AFTER EFFECTIVE CO-COMPOSTING TREATMENT PROCESSES
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vlyssides, Apostolos; Mai, Sofia; Barampouti, Elli Maria; Van der Smissen, Nicollette.
All olives’ treatment processes (olives, olive oil, olive wooden residue) produce liquid and solid wastes, which are considered toxic. The treatment of these wastes by using conventional technologies (aerobic/anaerobic biological treatment, incineration, gasification ect) proved to be neither technically nor cost effective. This fact treats the olive oil production by complete cease due to the serious environmental problems caused. The proposed technology includes the detoxification of wastewater by Fenton oxidation reactions and following their utilization by biological treatment methods. The latter is achieved by the implementation of anaerobic digestion process on the oxidized wastewater and the consequent methane production and by co-composting the...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23721/1/23721_MM.pdf

Sustainable Farming of Bioenergy Crops
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian.
Bioenergy is one option to mitigate climate change in the energy sector. Sustainable bioenergy however faces several challenges. First, there is a widely discussed land competition between food and bioenergy crops. Second, there is a widely neglected competition for biomass between using it as a fertilizer for sustainable agriculture or as feedstock for bioenergy production. Sustainability standards for bioenergy capture several environmental, social and economic aspects and often also land competition, but neglect the agronomic aspects related to the fertilizer use of biomass. Accounting for this, however, the sustainable bioenergy potential seems rather low and may only be realized in biogas production. Such can make much sense, but expectation in...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Landscape and recreation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25699/1/CH23-9780444595614_CommAM.pdf

Synergies between the expansion of biogas production and organic farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy; Haugaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Kjeldsen, Chris; Kristensen, Inge; Jørgensen, Uffe; Pugesgaard, Siri.
Synergies between the expansion of biogas production and organic farming.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16262/1/16262.pdf

Systems in Organic Dairy Production
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Oudshoorn, Frank; Renes, Reint Jan; de Boer, Imke.
The aim of this study was to explore stakeholder perceptions of the  contribution of an Automatic Milking System (AMS) to sustainable development of  organic dairy production in Denmark and the Netherlands. In addition, reasons for  the current difference in AMS use on organic dairy farms between both countries  were explored. To answer above mentioned aims, farmers and advisors in both  countries were interviewed using a focus group approach. Questions of the interviews  were based on a literature review on sustainability issues affected by introduction of  AMS. Participants expressed no moral problems regarding AMS use. They, however,  pointed out uncertainty about the economic gain, difficulties with grazing,  adaptation problems to technology, and...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/2666/1/2666.pdf

Technologies to reduce the environmental impacts and nitrogen losses of livestock manure
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hansen, Martin N.
Increased attention is today paid to the environmental impact of livestock production due changes in agricultural practice and livestock manure handling. Livestock manure is an excellent source of plant nutrients, but recycling of its nutrients is greatly dependent on manure management practices. As well, several environmental effects are related to the storage and handling of livestock manure, including emissions of ammonia, odour, and greenhouse gases. The present research deals with technologies for reducing the environmental impacts and nitrogen losses of livestock manure.     Livestock manure is an important source of ammonia (NH3), being responsible for more than 80% of national emissions. The volatilisation of ammonia reduces the nitrogen content of...
Tipo: Thesis
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5628/1/5628.pdf

THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF ORGANIC DAIRYING IN EUROPE
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hietala, Sanna Maria; Kurppa, Sirpa; Hermansen, John E.
Dairy farming is the largest agricultural contributor to greenhouse gas emissions in Europe. In this study, the carbon footprint of organic dairying was evaluated by the means of life cycle assessment. Carbon footprint was calculated using real farm data from six European countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Italy and United Kingdom. Total of 34 farms were analyzed. Assessment was carried out with attributional approach with system boundaries from cradle to farm gate. For the dairy production, functional unit of 1 kg of energy corrected milk was used. Results averaged to 1.04 ± 0.29 kg CO2 equivalents per kg of energy corrected milk, which is consistent with recent previous studies. Main contributor to this is enteric fermentation from producing...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23839/1/23839_sannahietala_OWC2014_MM.pdf

The Comparative Energy Efficiency of Organic Farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Azeez, Ms Gundula; Hewlett, KL.
Organic farming is generally a more energy efficient system of food production.  Comparative analyses of fifteen crop and livestock sectors indicate that UK organic farming uses around 26% less energy per tonne of output on average.  The main energy saving is from the non-use of industrially produced inorganic nitrogen fertiliser.  Organic farming is more energy efficient for wheat, most field vegetables, milk, red meat and pigs, but it is less efficient for poultry production.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/12034/1/Azeez_12034_ed.doc

The effect of different paddock rotation strategies for organic sows on behaviour, welfare and the environment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kelly, Hilary; Shiel, Robert; Edwards, Sandra; Day, Jon; Browning, Helen.
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. Two alternative paddock rotations for dry sows were established on an organic farm: Rotational (40 x 40m moved three times per year) and Set Stocked (120 x 40m in place for one year). Sows showed distinct preferences in the location of dunging and urination within the paddocks (p&lt;0.001), but no differences between the paddocks. Vegetation cover under the sows was similar overall in the two paddock systems, but showed differences over the year. Work to model the potential for nutrient leaching in the two paddock systems is ongoing.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Pigs; Health and welfare; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/8420/1/kelly_Paddock_rotation_strategies_sows.pdf

The effect of tillage prctices on a leek crop's nitrogen utilization from a grass-clover sward
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Willekens, Koen; Van Gils, Bert; De Vliegher, Alex; Delanote, Lieven; Beeckman, Annelies; Vandecasteele, Bart.
Adopting conservation agriculture practices in organic agriculture involves some risks and challenges. Nitrogen availability from a grass-clover ley for the subsequent leek crop was clearly affected by mode and timing of destruction of the grass-clover sward. Minor differences were found between a reduced tillage practice and conventional ploughing.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Crop combinations and interactions; Nutrient turnover; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23916/1/23916_MM.pdf

The effects of vegetated buffer zones on erosion and nutrients in surface runoff
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana.
The buffer zones seem to be one tool in mitigating erosion and total nutrient losses from surface runoff on clay soils. However, to decrease the dissolved reactive phosphorus losses, the vegetation of buffer zones should be cut and the residue removed.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15533/1/Uusik%C3%A4mpp%C3%A4.pdf

The environmental implications of manure use in organic farming systems (OF0161)
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Shepherd, Dr M. A.
This is the final report of Defra project OF0161.  A desk study was undertaken (a) to identify the important N flows in three types of organic farming systems (extensive upland, intensive lowland mixed and stockless vegetable systems) in relation to manure use and (b) to determine the effects of changed management practice on these flows.  A study of the published literature has highlighted the key stages for nutrient management prior to land spreading.  Dietary inputs - amounts of N excreted and the partitioning between urine and faeces is important in determining the fate of N through the farming system.  Diet affects this partition, but we were unable to find evidence of differences between organic and non-organic rations.  Clearly, a crude N balance (N...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farm nutrient management; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://orgprints.org/8112/1/OF0161_2559_FRP.pdf

The estimation of nutrient leaching from different agricultural management practices
Provedor de dados: 21
The expectations of the growth in organic production are based on the consumers' assumptions of less environmental loading of this management practice. The requirements of more environmental support to be paid for organic farming are based on the same assumptions.     Both the consumers and decision makers need more scientific data for their decisions on the environmental impacts through the life cycle of these management practices. The aim of this investigation is to collect all research results on the nutrient loading of organic and conventional farming, to produce model farms for estimating the loading through the life cycle of these management practices.
Tipo: Project description
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

The impact of long-term organic farming on soil-derived greenhouse gas emissions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Skinner, Colin; Gattinger, Andreas; Krauss, Maike; Krause, Hans-Martin; Mayer, Jochen; van der Heijden, Marcel G. A.; Mäder, Paul.
Agricultural practices contribute considerably to emissions of greenhouse gases. so far, knowledge on the impact of organic compared to non-organic farming on soil-derived nitrous oxide (N2o) and methane (CH4) emissions is limited. We investigated N2o and CH4 fluxes with manual chambers during 571 days in a grass-clover– silage maize – green manure cropping sequence in the long-term field trial “DOK” in Switzerland. We compared two organic farming systems – biodynamic (BIODYN) and bioorganic (BIOORG) – with two non-organic systems – solely mineral fertilisation (CONMIN) and mixed farming including farmyard manure (CONFYM) – all reflecting Swiss farming practices–together with an unfertilised control (NOFERT). We observed a 40.2% reduction of N2o emissions...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Specific methods; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36350/1/skinner-etal-2019-ScientificReports-article-s41598-018-38207-w.pdf

The potential of ecological recycling agriculture (ERA) for improved nature resource conservation and reduced environmental impacts in the Baltic Sea drainage area
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Granstedt, Artur; Schneider, Thomas; Seuri, Pentti; Thomsson, Olof.
By integrating crop and animal production on a farm or farms in closed cooperation combined with soil formation legume crops in balanced crop-rotations it will be possible to maximize the efficient use of nutrients in manure, minimize inputs of limited nutrient resources, minimize nutrient surpluses and reduce the input of nutrients to the Baltic Sea by more than 50 %. This will be the basis for recommendation to convert the agriculture in the Baltic drainage area.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5949/1/GranstedtA.pdf

The potential of organic agriculture for contributing to climate change adaptation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Osman-Elasha, Balgis; Andreasen, Lise.
Agriculture is and will be affected negatively by climate change in many regions. Most vulnerable are poor agricultural communities in the Global South and assuring food security for the twenty-first century requires successful adaptation to climate change in agriculture. Besides being affected by climate change, agriculture also contributes significantly to it. Some 10–15 per cent of total global greenhouse gas emissions are direct agricultural emissions. Adding emissions from conversion to agricultural land increases this share to more than 30 per cent. This chapter addresses the potential of organic farming systems to adapt to climate change. Depending on the context, the focus lies on the adaptation of the agricultural production system, of a community...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25625/7/25625.pdf

The potential of organic agriculture to mitigate the impact of agriculture on global warming - a review
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Muller, Adrian; AUBERT, Claude.
We first describe the mitigation potential of various farming practices. Many of the most promising practices are common to organic agriculture, thus suggesting considerable mitigation potential for this farming system. Mitigation in agriculture needs to be assessed beyond the level of single farming practices, though. This is best illustrated with the topics “fertilizers” and “animal husbandry”. Optimization of fertilizer use necessitates optimization of the soil-fertilizer system as a whole and thus the assessment of the links between fertilizer types, crop rotations, tillage and soil carbon sequestration. Optimization of animal husbandry needs a global view, duly accounting for life-cycle emissions of feed production when investigating the effect of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20169/2/2_Aubert_RW1_TXT_vf_REVISION_20_10_2011_WithTrackChanges_WithComments.pdf

The Potential of Organic Agriculture to Mitigate the Influence of Agriculture on Global Warming - A Review
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Aubert, Claude.
The biggest mitigation potential of agriculture lies in soil carbon sequestration. The most promising practices for this, such as the use of legume leys and organic fertilisers, are common to organic agriculture, thus suggesting considerable mitigation potential for this farming system. However, mitigation in agriculture needs to be assessed beyond the level of single farming practices. This is best illustrated with the issues of fertility management and animal husbandry. Optimisation of fertility management necessitates optimisation of the soil-fertiliser system as a whole and, thus, the assessment of the links between crop rotations, fertiliser types, tillage and soil carbon sequestration. Optimisation of animal husbandry requires a global view,...
Tipo: Book chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25698/1/MullerAubert-2013-organic-agr-climate-change.pdf

The Potential Use and Benefits of Reduced till in Organic Agriculture Systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mäder, Paul; Fliessbach, Andreas; David, Christophe; Cooper, Julia.
No Till and Reduced Till are conservation tillage practices with a high potential to restore or improve essential soil functions and mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration and reduced fuel use. While No Till systems are widely used in conventional farming, these techniques are challenging to adapt to organic farming due to weed pressure and frequent nitrogen deficiency in early spring. A potential answer may be Reduced Till, such as shallow inversion ploughing, or non-inversion tillage. The implementation of these practices in European organic farming systems was addressed by an interdisciplinary team of researchers from 11 European countries in a network CORE Organic II project (TILMAN-ORG).  Farmer interviews revealed that No Till and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/27320/1/maeder-etal-vortrag-LongBeach-2014.pdf

The role of the carbon market in transformation of agriculture towards organic and sustainability
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Schwank, Othmar.
1.  The contribution of organic agriculture to emission reduction in a carbon con-strained world  Agriculture is among the five sectors which will have to substantially contribute to the stabiliza-tion of global greenhouse gas emissions in the next 10-15 years. This is one of the messages from the IPCC’s 4th Assessment Report to the Bali Conference and its roadmap adopted in De-cember 2007. Organic farming reduces embedded energy demand on the input side, stores more carbon in soils and creates a soil structure that retains water more effectively. Most proc-esses face strong site-specific variability so that cultivation practices are too complex to be certi-fied under the Kyoto Mechanism CDM. The voluntary carbon market as well as the increasing attention...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/13183/1/schwank%2D2008%2Dbiofach.pdf

The treatment of surface run-off waters from an equine paddock area with ferric sulphate
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Närvänen, Aaro; Jansson, Håkan; Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Jansson, Helena.
The Finnish horse industry has been growing with about 1000 horses annually. It has been assessed that there are about 35 000 paddocks for 70 000 horses. The trampling of horses increases the risk for surface run-off from the paddocks and the faeces also make them critical source fo phosphorus. A chemical method for treatment of run-off  water from a paddock was tested in Ypäjä (SW, Finland).
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/16300/1/pollutants7.pdf

Tillage system affects fertilizer-induced nitrous oxide emissions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike; Krause, Hans-Martin; Spangler, Simone; Kandeler, Ellen; Behrens, Sebastian; Kappler, Andreas; Mäder, Paul; Gattinger, Andreas.
Since the development of effective N2O mitigation options is a key challenge for future agricultural practice, we studied the interactive effect of tillage systems on fertilizer-derived N2O emissions and the abundance of microbial communities involved in N2O production and reduction. Soil samples from 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depth of reduced tillage and ploughed plots were incubated with dairy slurry (SL) and manure compost (MC) in comparison with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and an unfertilized control (ZERO) for 42 days. N2O and CO2 fluxes, ammonium, nitrate, dissolved organic C, and functional gene abundances (16S rRNA gene, nirK, nirS, nosZ, bacterial and archaeal amoA) were regularly monitored. Averaged across all soil samples, N2O emissions decreased...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Soil tillage; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://orgprints.org/31140/1/Krauss-Krause-etal-2016-online_BFS.pdf

Toholampi leaching field
Provedor de dados: 21
Toholampi leaching field (owned by the MTT Agrifood Research Finland) is situated in Western Finland (63° N 24° E). The field consists of 16 plots of 0.16 hectares each. The soil type is fine sand, with five % organic C in the plough layer. There has been an experimental setup with organic and conventional crop rotations since 1997. Plots are sub-drained and water is collected separately from each plot to the observation building, where the volume of water is measured and flow-weighted water samples for analyses are taken manually. Surface water is also collected and measured.
Tipo: Research facility description
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

Tracing the fate of 15N-labelled animal manure in the environment
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Frick, Hanna; Oberson, Astrid; Frossard, Emmanuel; Wettstein, Hans-Rudolf; Bünemann, Else K.
Background  • Nitrate leaching threatens both the environment and drinking water quality  • Switzerland ca. 380,000 ha with &gt; 25 mg nitrate/L in groundwater (quality criteria for drinking water) [1]; the Gäu region (Canton Solothurn) is especially vulnerable  • Organic fertilizers (slurry, farmyard manure, etc.) might entail considerably increased leaching risks due to variable nitrogen (N) content and availability  • Aim: increase N use efficiency, simultaneously reduce leaching
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/34860/1/Poster_Hanna_A0_1806_light.pdf

Transport and reduction of nitrate in clayey till underneath forest and arable land.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Jørgensen, P.R.; Urup, J.; Helstrup, T.; Jensen, M.B.; Eiland, F.; Vinther, F.P.
Transport and reduction of nitrate in a typically macroporous clayey till were examined at variable flow rate and nitrate flux. The experiments were carried out using saturated, large diameter (0.5 m), undisturbed soil columns (LUC), from a forest and nearby agricultural sites. Transport of nitrate was controlled by flow along the macropores (fractures and biopores) in the columns. Nitrate reduction (denitrification) determined under active flow mainly followed first order reactions with half-lives (t1/2) increasing with depth (1.5–3.5 m) from 7 to 35 days at the forest site and 1–7 h at the agricultural site. Nitrate reduction was likely due to microbial degradation of accumulated organic matter coupled with successive consumption of O2 and NO3− in the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/3373/1/J%C3%B8rgensen%2C_Urup%2C_Helstrup%2C_Jensen%2C_Eiland_%26_Vinther_2004.pdf

Transport is important in the carbon footprint of imported organic plant products.
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Knudsen, Marie Trydeman; Hui, Qiao Yu; Yan, Luo; Almeida, Gustavo Fonseca de; Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de; Halberg, Niels; Langer, Vibeke.
Farmers or consumers may ask about the environmental implications when choosing organic products. Is it sustainable to buy organic products from China or South America? How much does the long-distance transport affect the climate and carbon footprint of the products? And does the organic production in the countries concerned benefit the environment? These are some of the questions raised – and the point of departure for a recently finalized PhD study.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/22742/1/Transport%20is%20important%20in%20the%20carbon%20footprint%20of%20imported%20organic%20plant%20products.pdf

Trees and shrubs as a component of buffer zones: advantages and disadvantages in P-retention
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Norrdahl, Kai; Martel, Jocelyn; Pöyri, Ville; Uusi-Kämppä, Jaana; Yli-Halla, Markku; Lempa, Kyösti; Suomela, Janne; Virtanen, Risto.
Trees and shrubs are potential components for construction of buffer zones, especially for reducing phosphorus levels in soil. Woody species appear to be less efficient in capturing nutrients from overland flow, at least outside the growing season. Tree seedlings prevent effective mowing and removal of hay, which may lead to an accumulation of dead hay on the zone. Therefore woody species should mainly be used in places where yearly mowing and removal of hay is not feasible.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/16057/1/wetlands2.pdf

Treibhausgase vermindern? Ergebnisse und Erkenntnisse aus der  Praxis
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rudolph, Gwendolyn; Brandhofer, Roland; Leeb, Christine.
The CoreOrganicII project "ProPIG" is introduced, theoretical background to green house gases and the method of "LCA" is given and first results within the project ProPIG are presented.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Pigs.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/25570/1/140110_Rudolph_Bauerntage.pdf

Treibhausgasflüsse beim Anbau von Winterweizen und Kleegras
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Peter, J.; Schmidt, H.; Schilling, R.; Munch, J.C.; Hülsbergen, K.-J.
At the experimental station Viehhausen, 30 km north of Munich in southern Germany, N2O, CO2 and CH4 fluxes between soil and atmosphere were measured to investigate the influence of site-related factors and cultivation-technique on the emissions of these greenhouse gases. Clover-grass as well as several wheat cropping systems (with and without biogas slurry) were analyzed under the conditions of organic farming. This paper shows the results of the vegetation period of 2009. The N2O emissions from the wheat fields were higher than those from clover-grass fields. Ploughing-in of the legume-grass biomass resulted in releasing distinctive N2O emissions. For CH4 fluxes the arable soils were a net sink, especially in cropping systems with winter wheat.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18322/3/Peter_18322.pdf

Treibhausgasflüsse induziert durch differenzierte Bodenbearbeitung und Düngung in einer Kleegras – Umbruch – Winterweizen Sequenz unter Biobedingungen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Krauss, Maike; Ruser, Reiner; Hansen, Sissel; Mäder, Paul; Gattinger, Andreas.
Reduced tillage is technically a challenging task in organic arable farming due to weeds but also concerning the destruction of grass-clover leys. It changes the stratification of organic matter within soils which might lead to more compacted, less aerated soils and thus to higher greenhouse gas emissions. There are hardly any data existing assessing organic reduced tillage systems. Nitrous oxide and methane fluxes were therefore monitored in a two-year period including a grass-clover ley, its destruction and winter wheat. Results are presented.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/26969/1/26969_krauss.pdf

Trinkwasserschutz durch Ökolandbau – Die „Initiative Grundwasserschutz durch Ökolandbau“ als Teil der „Aktion Grundwasserschutz Unterfranken“
Provedor de dados: 21
Die „Initiative Grundwasserschutz durch Ökolandbau“ ist Teil der „Aktion Grundwasserschutz“ der Regierung von Unterfranken und besteht seit dem Jahr 2008. Im Bereich Landwirtschaft wird vor allem die Nitratbelastung vieler Trinkwasserbrunnen im Regierungsbezirk als Herausforderung gesehen. Mit der „Initiative Grundwasserschutz durch Ökolandbau“ soll versucht werden den Anteil der ökologischen Bewirtschaftung an der Fläche und an den Betrieben deutlich zu erhöhen. Die Aktivitäten werden vom Fachzentrum Ökolandbau koordiniert und vom Forschungsinstitut für Biologischen Landbau fachlich unterstützt. Die Bereiche Beratung, Marktentwicklung, Flächenförderung und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit werden möglichst gleich gewichtet. Im Bereich der Beratung bilden...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20985/1/Schwab%2Dund%2DHermanowski_2012_Trinkwasserschutz.pdf

Udledning af drivhusgas ved dyrkning af energiafgrøder - har det nogen betydning?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Carter, Mette S.; Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Sune T.; Heiske, Stefan; Jensen, Morten; Schmidt, Jens Ejbye; Johansen, Anders; Ambus, Per.
Udledning af drivhusgas ved dyrkning af energiafgrøder kan ophæve en betydelig del af den drivhusgasgevinst, der er forbundet med biogas.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/18330/4/18330.pdf

Udledning af lattergas fra græsmarker øges ved afgræsning og gødskning
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Olesen, Jørgen E.; Chatskikh, Dmitri; Berntsen, Jørgen; Hutchings, Nicholas J.
Danmark har underskrevet Kyoto-protokollen, som forpligter til en reduktion i samfundets udledning af drivhusgasser på 21 procent i perioden fra 1990 til 2010.    Med hensyn til reduktion af landbrugets udledning af drivhusgasser har fokus hidtil været på reduktion af kvælstofanvendelsen. I den nationale opgørelse beregnes lattergasudledningen som 1,25 procent af den udbragte kvælstofmængde. De nye modelberegninger, som præsenteres her, viser at dette er en alt for simpel måde at beregne lattergasudledningen på. Der er dels store forskelle mellem jordtyper, og dels er den procentvise udledning større ved høje kvælstofniveauer end ved lave niveauer.    Det sidste forhold kan gøre økologisk jordbrug interessant som redskab i klimapolitikken, da...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4077/1/4077.doc

Udnyt græsmarkens kvælstof
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Det kræver god management at udnytte kvælstof i græsmarken. Det har generationer af forsøg på økologisk værkstedsareal vist. Siden 1997 har man langs en af indfaldsvejene til Forskningscenter Foulum – Burrehøjvej – kunnet se en stribe af de karakteristiske stålskabe, der anvendes til udvaskningsmålinger. Marken har været økologisk værkstedsareal med forsøg rettet imod forfrugtsværdi og udvaskning i græssædskifter. Men nu er det slut. Den sidste måling er lavet, og efter lang og tro tjeneste overgår marken nu til almindelig landbrugsdrift igen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Dairy cattle; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11225/1/Klumme_JE_jan_07.doc

Udnyt græsmarkens kvælstof
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Eriksen, J.
Det kræver godt management at udnytte kvælstof i græsmarken. Det har generationer af forsøg på økologisk værkstedsareal vist.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/10620/1/10620.doc

Udvaskning af organisk bundet kvælstof og kulstof
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.; Jacobsen, O.H.
Nye forsøg har vist at der udvaskes organisk bundet kvælstof (org. N) og kulstof (org. C) i ikke helt ubetydelige mængder, og at udvaskningen af dette bl.a. afhænger af afgrøde og dyrkningsmetode. Ved lav nitratudvaskning, som f.eks. under en veludviklet efterafgrøde, udvaskes forholdsvis mere org. N end ved høj nitratudvaskning, og der udvaskes mere org. C fra en plantedækket jord end fra bar jord.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4194/1/4194.pdf

Udvaskning af organisk kulstof efter kløvergræs
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Vinther, F.P.; Hansen, E.M.; Eriksen, J.
Opløst organisk stof danner grundlaget for mange af de biogeokemiske processer der foregår i jorden. Der er foretaget talrige undersøgelser af dannelse og tab af organisk stof fra skovjorde, hvorimod kun få er gennemført i landbrugsjord. Det vides at græsmarker øger jordens pulje af organisk stof, men kendskabet til det organiske stofs skæbne efter ompløjning af græsmarker er mangelfuldt. Formålet med denne undersøgelse var at bestemme størrelsesordner for udvaskning af opløst organisk kulstof (DOC) og den samlede mængde mobilt organisk kulstof (MOC) i dyrkningssystemer med kløvergræs, med særlig fokus på perioden efter ompløjning af græsmarken. Undersøgelserne er gennemført dels i Foulum i et markforsøg anlagt med henblik på at måle kvælstofudvaskning og...
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Pasture and forage crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/5373/1/5373.pdf

Umweltrelevante Aspekte von Winterzwischenfrüchten im ökologischen Marktfruchtbau unter Berücksichtigung der Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffdynamik
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Böldt, Matthias.
Die Agrar-Förderpolitik der letzten Jahre unterstützt zunehmend den Zwischenfrucht (ZF)-Anbau als multifunktionellen Ökosystemdienstleiter, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Vermeidung negativer Umwelteffekt und zur Verbesserung der Biodiversität der Agrarlandschaft. Demzufolge stieg der Anteil an Ackerflächen unter ZF in Deutschland. Im viehlosen Ökolandbau gilt allgemein die Integration von ZF als substantiell. Unter diesem Hintergrund wurde in ein zweijähriger Feldversuch in einer 6-gliedrigen ökologischen Fruchtfolge durchgeführt. Das Ziel der Studie ist die Identifzierung einer nachhaltigen Strategie für den ZF-Anbau unter norddeutschen Anbaubdingungen zu entwickeln. Unter Berücksichtigung der Faktoren Vorfrucht, Zwischenfruchtart (in Reinsaat und...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Post harvest management and techniques; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36147/1/Beitrag_220_final_a.pdf

Umweltrelevante Auswirkungen der Feldrandkompostierung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Berner, Alfred; Scherrer, Daniel.
Die Kompostierung von Grünabfällen am Feldrand ist eine Schnittstelle zwischen der Abfallwirtschaft und der Herstellung von organischen Düngern in der Landwirtschaft. In dieser Arbeit werden die Ergebnisse eines Versuches zur Klärung von Fragen der Gewässer- und Bodenbelastung durch Kompostsickerwässer und Fragen der Bodenverdichtung durch Maschinen, die bei der Kompostierung zum Einsatz kommen, dargestellt. Im weiteren wurden auch Fragen der Qualität der hergestellten Komposte bearbeitet.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://orgprints.org/27611/1/berner-scherrer-1994-FiBLBericht-feldrandkompostierung.pdf

Umweltverträgliche Freilandhaltung von Mastschweinen im Ökologischen Landbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Brandt, Michael; Sundrum, Albert.
Outdoor pig fattening can lead to environmental impact due to high nutrients loads and local hot spots of nutrient inputs. In a project fattening pigs were kept outside to assess the input of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and nutrient distribution under various management conditions (reducing the daily supply with concentrate by offering field fodder and allocation of the area with field fodder). Finally, huts and troughs were shifted to provide better conditions for the distribution of faeces.  With a concentrate diet that contributed to 80 % to the calculated requirements, the nutrient input corresponded with the regulations of the organic farming associations and the EEC-Regulation. A daily ration of concentrate according to the...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Pigs; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/3790/1/3790.pdf

Umweltwirkung von Bio-Betrieben: Ursachen und  Optimierungsmöglichkeiten
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Alig, Martina; Baumgartner, Daniel U.
Agriculture has manifold impacts on the environment and plays an important role in  the environmental impacts of food chains. Previous studies have shown that organic  farming can reduce these environmental impacts. But also within organic farms there  is a high variability in their impacts on the environment. In our case study with five  organic dairy farms, the farm with the highest energy demand used over 2.5 times  more energy than the farm with the lowest energy demand. This indicates that further  optimisations are possible. Therefore, the farmer is an important factor. The efficient  use of his own resources together with an adept combination of different branches can  contribute to the ecological optimisation of his farm. But for every farm and...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Knowledge management; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/14102/1/Alig_14102.pdf

Undersøgelse af kvælstofbinding og lattergas fra kløvergræsmarker
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ambus, Dr Per.
Økologisk produktion anses af mange som et initiativ, der kan mindske landbrugets påvirkning af det omgivende miljø.     For at give en nuanceret vurdering af, hvordan økologiske bedrifter påvirker miljøet, er det dog nødvendigt at tilvejebringe yderligere viden om samspillet mellem landbrugsproduktion og miljø. Kvægs afgræsning af kløvergræsmarker er et eksempel på, at den eksisterende viden endnu er mangelfuld, selvom det er et vigtigt element i økologisk mælkeproduktion.     Flere undersøgelser peger på, at denne driftsform rummer en risiko for uønskede udslip af gasformige kvælstofforbindelser til omgivelserne. Et fænomen, der kan observeres fra især urinpletterne efter det græssende kvæg. Samtidig medfører kløverets evne til at binde atmosfærisk...
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/1780/1/Ambus_klumme.htm

Untersaaten in Kartoffeln: Sonnenblume, Mais oder Gelbsenf
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Einleitung:  Nach der Ernte organisch angebauter Kartoffeln wurden vor Winter Nitratgehalte um 30 kg N/ha, aber auch bis über 100 kg N/ha in einer Bodentiefe von 0–90 cm gemessen. Auf den Nitratgehalt im Boden nach der Rodung kann zu verschiedenen Anbauphasen Einfluß genommen werden (Tab. 1). Um hohe Nitratgehalte zur und nach der Ernte im Boden organisch bewirtschafteter Kartoffeln zu mindern, wurden in den Jahren 1997 und 1998 verschiedene Arten von Untersaaten in Feldversuchen auf dem Versuchsbetrieb Wiesengut sowie in den Jahren 1999 und 2000 zusätzlich auf vier weiteren Leitbetrieben im Rheinland untersucht.    Fazit und Zusatznutzen  Primäres Ziel ist ein für Kartoffeln optimales Anbauverfahren. Untersaaten sollen als Zusatzmaßnahme vor allem die...
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Crop combinations and interactions; Root crops; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/2322/1/2322%2Dhaas%2Dg%2D2003%2Dleitbetriebe%2Dkartoffel%2Duntersaat.pdf

Use of digestate from Swedish biogas production in organic agriculture – possibilities for efficient plant nutrient recycling
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Salomon, Eva; Wivstad, Maria.
We have conducted an extensive review of current knowledge and experiences regarding the possibilities for use of digestate from biogas production on organic farms in Sweden to improve plant nutrient recycling. The main findings of this review are presented below.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://orgprints.org/23761/1/23761_MM.pdf

Use of wetlands, ponds and buffer zones in Finland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Koskiaho, Jari.
Main purpose of the CWs (constructed wetlands) for the treatment of runoff from agricultural areas is to reduce nutrient loading to surface waters and hence combat eutrophication.  The most important single design parameter controlling retention effectiviness of a CW is its area in relation to the catchment area.  Input concentrations, catchment properties(soil type!), hydraulic efficiency and CW soil properties also have a significant influence on the effectiviness.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://orgprints.org/16058/1/wetlands1.pdf

Using vegetation indices in autumn to estimate nitrate leaching during autumn and winter in different cropping systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Zhao, Jin; De Notaris, Chiara; Olesen, Jørgen E.
Nitrate leaching losses from arable cropping systems cause severe damages to the environmental services worldwide. There is a considerable need for methods that allow rapid, easy and area covering detection of nitrate leaching to guide N management. We used three years of data from the 5th cycle of a long-term crop rotation experiment in Denmark to  quantify the relationships between nitrate leaching in autumn and winter and field conditions in autumn as defined by three vegetation indices [VIs; Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Ratio Red Edge (RRE)] in autumn. Following cereal crops, catch crops significantly reduced nitrate leaching in autumn and winter, whereas this was only the case for one out of the three...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Air and water emissions; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/35137/1/Manuscript-20190324.pdf

Valuing international marine resources: A meta-analysis on the Baltic Sea
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Ahtiainen, Heini.
The study uses meta-analysis to provide insights into the value of international marine resources, illustrating the issue with the case of the Baltic Sea. Willingness to pay for water quality improvements varies systematically with factors such as a country's income level, characteristics of the change in water quality, water body type, study year and methodology. The results of the meta-analysis are applied to benefit transfer in order to assess the distribution of the benefits of marine protection measures between the Baltic Sea countries and to compare the results with previous research. The net benefits of protecting the Baltic are positive, but they are asymmetrically distributed between the littoral countries.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/15727/1/DP2009_1.pdf

Vandtransport i græsmarker
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lamandé, M.
Kvægs trampen på græsmarken kan medvirke til at nedsætte risikoen for nitratudvaskningen. Det skyldes bl.a., at porøsiteten, i de første fem til ti centimeter jordlag, reduceres og at vandtransporten gennem jordens makroporer øges
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/20674/4/20674.pdf

Variation in the plant-mediated methane transport and its importance for methane emission from intact wetland peat mesocosms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bhullar, Gurbir S.; Edwards, Peter J.; Olde Venterink, Harry.
Aims and Methods Vascular plants are known to influence the production, transport and oxidation of methane in wetland soils, but these processes are not well understood. Using plants grown in intact peat cores, we compared the influence upon methane emissions of 20 forb and graminoid species from European wetlands. We measured plant-mediated transport of methane (conduit or chimney effect) using a novel agar-sealing technique that prevented methane exchange from the bare soil to the atmosphere.   Important Findings The plant-mediated transport (chimney effect) represented between 30% and almost 100% of the total methane flux, with graminoids exhibiting greater internal transport than forbs. In general, plants with less dense root tissues and a relatively...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25305/1/bhullar-etal-2013-JournalofPlantEcology-6-4-p298-304.pdf

Vejret i vækstsæsonen 2016-2017
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Korsgaard, Maren.
Resumé af vejret i vækstsæsonen 2016-2017
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://orgprints.org/35115/1/Vejret%2016-17.pdf

Verfahrenstechnische und systemorientierte Strategien zur Emissionsminderung in der Nutztierhaltung im Vergleich [Procedural and system-orientated strategies for reducing emissions in livestock production]
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sundrum, Albert.
Zusammenfassung:    Im Bemühen um eine Reduzierung von Emissionen aus der landwirtschaftlichen Nutztierhaltung konkurrieren unterschiedliche Strategien im Hinblick auf Effektivität, Umsetzbarkeit und Nachhaltigkeit. In der herkömmlichen Tierproduktion kommen vorrangig solche Strategien zum Einsatz, bei denen der Austrag betrieblicher und importierter Nährstoffe in nachgelagerten Bereichen der Prozesskette mit Hilfe verschiedener Verfahrenstechniken reduziert wird. Demgegenüber basiert der systemorientierte Ansatz in der Ökologischen Tierhaltung auf dem Vermeidungsprinzip. Dabei wird auf risikobehaftete Produktionsmittel verzichtet und über eine gezielte Verknappung von Ressourcen der Nährstoffinput in den landwirtschaftlichen Betrieb drastisch gesenkt....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/910/1/handbuch%2Dkein%2DDokument.pdf

Vergleich der Klimarelevanz ökologischer und konventioneller Landbewirtschaftung
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido; Köpke, Ulrich.
Die Charakterisierung der mit den Begriffen "Ökologischer" und "Konventioneller" Landbau bezeichneten Wirtschaftsweise bleibt ebenso wie der Vergleich dieser landwirtschaftlichen Produktionssysteme auf den für die Studie notwendigen Rahmen begrenzt.     Emissions- und Senken- Potentiale von klimarelevanten Gasen im Agrarsektor werden im Systemvergleich erarbeitet. Die aktuellen Ergebnisse der beteiligten Studiennehmer innerhalb des Studienprogramms "Landwirtschaft" der Enquetekommission zu den landwirtschaftlichen Emissionen von klimarelevanten Gasen konnten leider nicht in diese Studie eingearbeitet werden, da sie zeitgleich erstellt wurden.     Zwar ist der Anteil des Agrarsektors am nationalen Gesamtenergieverbrauch in den Industrieländern nur gering,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://orgprints.org/13929/1/BuLdw_KlimaVgl95.pdf

Vergleich von Treibhausgasemissionen unterschiedlich wirtschaftender Modellbetriebe im Alpenvorland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kasper, Martina; Freyer, Bernhard; Schmid, Harald; Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen; Amon, Barbara; Friedel, Jürgen K.
About 8.8 % (UBA 2010) of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Austria are caused by agricultural practices. Besides the release of climate relevant gases, C-sequestration occurs depending on the natural conditions and farming system.   The focus of the project was to describe the GHG-emissions and sinks of the most relevant farming types, both organic and conventional, within the main production areas in Austria. Results of an intensively cultivated region in the North-West are presented. Based on the input data, six model-farms were created with the programme REPRO, whereby forage production, cash crops and refinement systems were considered.   All systems had a positive humus balance and sequestered carbon in the soil, especially forage...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/21469/1/21469_kasper.pdf

Versuch der monetären Bewertung ökologischer Leistungen des Biologischen Landbaus im Bereich Grund- und Trinkwasser am Beispiel des Einzugsgebietes der Fernwasserversorgung Mühlviertel/OÖ
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kratochvil, R.; Lindenthal, T.; Heß,  J.; Freyer, B.
Die tatsächlichen oder potentiellen volkswirtschaftlichen (externen) Kosten durch Umweltbelastung der intensiven Landbewirtschaftung werden der Allgemeinheit aufgebürdet, anstatt als Preis- bzw. Kostenfaktor in das betriebliche Rechnungswesen einzugehen. U.a. in Hinblick auf eine Verringerung externer Kosten der Landwirtschaft infolge Grund- und Trinkwasserbelastung wird der Ökologische Landbau als wirksame Alternative diskutiert. Eine Vielzahl wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen belegt denn auch das hohe Maß an Grundwasserverträglichkeit des Biologischen Landbaus: So wiesen u. a. VEREIJKEN und WIJNANDS (1990),BRANDHUBER und HEGE (1992), MATTHEY (1992), SCHULTE (1996), BERG et al. (1997) sowie SCHLÜTER et al. (1997) deutlich niedrigere Nitratgehalte des...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Community development; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://orgprints.org/4105/1/4105%2Dkratochvil%2Dr%2Det%2Dal%2D1999%2Dwasser%2Dberlin.pdf

Vervolgonderzoek verhoogde nikkelgehalten in grondwater in de provincie Flevoland
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Bokhorst, Jan G.; Staps, J.J.M.
Op meerdere plaatsen in Nederland en ook in Flevoland worden al langere tijd in het ondiepe grondwater nikkelgehalten aangetroffen die boven de streefwaarde (15 μg per l) en interventiewaarde (75 μg per l) liggen. Waarden tot boven de 400 μg per l komen voor. Vaak wordt gedacht aan een natuurlijke oorsprong. Een deskstudie die door het Louis Bolk Instituut is verricht gaf aanwijzingen dat bedrijfsactiviteiten toch ook een rol kunnen spelen. In voorliggend rapport worden drie hypotheses geformuleerd. Daarnaast doet dit rapport verslag van uitgevoerde experimenten die meer licht op deze hypotheses kunnen werpen. De hypotheses zijn:   1. Chelaten, EDTA en DTPA uit meststoffen of industriële activiteiten houden nikkel in oplossing.   2. Sulfaten uit...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/19213/1/Vervolg_nikkel_108.pdf

Visions for organic bioenergy production in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, Tommy; Jørgensen, Uffe; Kristensen, Inge.
There is a large potential for organic bioenergy production, which can be combined with the present food production and the provision of multiple other goods and services required by society; i.e. a cleaner aquatic environment, or nature values in cultural landscapes. This paper presents six scenarios for bioenergy production from organic farming in Denmark, with a total energy production potential of around 6.7 PJ/yr. This potential is compared to the present energy use of around 2.5 PJ/yr, and the po-tentials for energy savings equalling 0.1-0.5 PJ/yr.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Landscape and recreation; Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Denmark; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/7633/1/Bioenergy_paper_DARCOFconference2006_0303.pdf

Wasserbelastung in Abhängigkeit von der Landnutzung [Contamination of water depending on the method of land use]
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kolbe, Hartmut.
Die Stickstoffüberschüsse in der deutschen Landwirtschaft sind beträchtlich. Der Beitrag stellt dar, welchen Beitrag zum aktiven Wasserschutz eine entsprechende Landnutzung leisten kann. Von den bestimmenden Landnutzungsformen in Deutschland (Ackerland, Grünland, Wald) wurden für den Nährstoff Stickstoff jeweils anhand von vielen in der Literatur dokumentierten Daten Mittelwerte und Schwankungsbreiten für die Bilanzkriterien (Zufuhr, Abfuhr, Saldo) die Nmin-Gehalte im Spätherbst, die Nitratkonzentrationen im Sickerwasser und die Auswaschung ermittelt.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/801/1/801%2Dkolbe%2Dh%2D2002%2Dwasserbelastung.pdf

Wasserschutz im Ökologischen Landbau: Leitfaden für Land- und Wasserwirtschaft
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Ökologischer Landbau ist angesichts der weiterhin enormen Gewässerbelastung durch konventionelle Landwirtschaft mehr denn je notwendig, aktuell bei der Umsetzung der EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie. Kurz und prägnant wird im Leitfaden die Schadstoffbelastung mit Pflanzenschutzmitteln (speziell Totalherbizide wie Glyphosphat), Stickstoff, Phosphor und Tierarzneimittel (u.a. Antibiotika) als Argumentationshilfe vorgestellt.   Im Hauptteil des Leitfadens werden die pflanzenbaulichen Grundlagen von Fruchtfolgegestaltung, Nährstoffmanagement sowie Stoff-, Humus- und Nährstoffbilanzierung für einen gewässerschonenden Öko-Landbau erklärt. Darauf bauen die Strategien, Konzepte und Maßnahmen beim Anbau von Körner-, Ackerfutter- und Zwischenfrucht-Leguminosen sowie...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://orgprints.org/16897/1/16897%2D06OE175%2Dagraringenieurbuero%2Dhaas%2D2010%2Dwasserschutz.pdf

Wasserschutz und Ökologischer Landbau
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kolbe, Dr. Hartmut.
Zur korrekten Erfassung des Einflusses der landwirtschaftlichen Bewirtschaftung auf die Umweltwirkung und insbesondere auf den Wasserschutz ist eine sorgfältig durchzuführende Nährstoffbilanzierung erforderlich. Vergleiche verschiedener Landnutzungsformen in Deutschland (Wald, Grünland, Ackerland) sowie der Intensität der Nutzung haben gezeigt, das Formen des ökologischen Landbaus durch vergleichsweise geringe N-Saldowerte, eine hohe Nährstoffverwertung, geringe Nmin-Herbstwerte, geringe Nitrat-Konzentrationen im Sickerwasser sowie durch günstige Auswaschungsmengen gekennzeichnet sind. Diese Zusammenhänge werden durch eine hohe Anzahl graphischer Darstellungen dokumentiert. Ursachen für diese rel. günstige Einschätzung von Anbauformen des ökologischen...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/2931/1/Kolbe_2004__Wasserschutz_OeL.pdf

Water discharge and nutrient leaching from organic mixed crop rotation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Seuri, Pentti; Kuisma, Miia.
Water discharge and nutrient leaching studies were conducted in an experimental field under organic farming practice for 20 years. The water discharge measurements cover five years out of a six-year crop rotation. The water discharge for the whole year was 1520 m³/ha (=152 mm). More than 2/3 of the total discharge occurred in April-May. The total precipitation for the whole year was 680 mm.    The total amount of N in the drainage runoff was 11.5 kg/ha and the flow-weighted average content 7.5 mg/l. The total amount of P in the drainage runoff was 48 g/ha and the flow-weighted average content 0.031 mg/l. 85 % of the total P was dissolved reactive phosphorus (DPR).    Some preliminary correlation between N leaching and N management was observed, i.e. higher...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/8968/1/ymparisto.pdf

Wenn Markt und Ökologie an einem Strang ziehen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hermanowski, Robert; Bauer, Axel; Schwab, Bernhard; Pfennigwerth, Daniel.
Mit der Initiative Grundwasserschutz durch Öko-Landbau will die Regierung von Unterfranken landwirtschaftliche Betriebe zur Umstellung motivieren. An der Aktion beteiligt sind Unternehmen der Bio-Lebensmittelwirtschaft, Bio-Verbände und der Bayerische Bauernverband.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/8451/1/hermanowski_2008_grundwasserschutz.pdf

What can organic farming contribute?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Müller, Adrian; Steffens, Markus; Krause, Hans-Martin; Bautze, Lin; Meier, Matthias; Stöckli, Sibylle.
Are organic farming systems more climate friendly and climate resilient than conventional ones? And does this make them suitable to maintain global food security in changing climate conditions? Our authors believe that this is the case. However, they say that in assessing mitigation and adaptation potential, one should not only look at production aspects, and make a case for a food systems perspective.
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://orgprints.org/32811/1/rural2017_04-S20-22.pdf

Why diversify annual biomass production for energy – exemplified by green house gas emissions from the Danish IBUS bioethanol production concept
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik; Thomsen, Mette Hedegaard; Jensen, Erik Steen.
There is a need for integrating the biomass starting point into the energy manufacturing steps. It will secure that bioenergy is produced with limited use of non-renewable fossil fuel to secure that in the application of biomass a net emission reduction of green house gasses take place along the whole chain.  Intercropping, defined as the cultivation of two or more species simultaneously on the same area of land, is an traditional practice still widespread in the tropics and common in developed countries before the ‘fossilization’ of agriculture. This cropping strategy is based on the manipulation of plant interactions in time and space to optimize resource use and productivity. It is regarded as the practical application of basic ecological principles...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Production systems; Greenhouses and coverings; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16235/1/16235_ppt.pdf

Wie wirkt mein Betrieb auf das Klima?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Haas, Guido.
Klimaschutz wird die Themen Bodenschutz, Naturschutz, Wasserschutz und Tierschutz zukünftig als weitere zentrale Umweltwirkung ergänzen, um Landwirtschaft umweltfreundlich weiter zu entwickeln und zu vergleichen. Der Biobetrieb weist bei den beiden Treibhausgasen CO2 und N2O große Vorteile auf. Bei CH4 fehlt eine hinreichende Analyse, die Systemunterschiede dürften aber gering und eventuell auch nachteilig für den Biobetrieb sein.  Für den Einzelbetrieb sollte die absehbare Wirkung des Klimawandels vor Ort frühzeitig bei allen zukünftigen Entscheidungen für die Betriebsentwicklung, Investitionen und Bewirtschaftung berücksichtigt werden. Ebenso sollte einzelbetrieblich für landwirtschaftliche Höfe, aber auch für Verarbeitungs- und Handelsbetriebe der...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/13933/1/LE_KlimaBeitrag07.pdf

Winter wheat roots grow twice as deep as spring wheat roots, is this important for N uptake and N leaching losses?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian; Cortasa, Montserrat Salmerón; Loges, Ralf.
Cropping systems comprising winter catch crops followed by spring wheat could reduce N leaching risks compared to traditional winter wheat systems in humid climates. We studied the soil mineral N (Ninorg) and root growth of winter- and spring wheat to 2.5 m depth during three years. Root depth of winter wheat (2.2 m) was twice that of spring wheat, and this was related to much lower amounts of Ninorg in the 1 to 2.5 m layer after winter wheat (81 kg Ninorg ha-1 less). When growing winter catch crops before spring wheat, N content in the 1 to 2.5 m layer after spring wheat was not different from that after winter wheat. The results suggest that by virtue of its deep rooting, winter wheat may not lead to high levels of leaching as it is often assumed in...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient turnover; Farm nutrient management; Crop husbandry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/16121/2/16121.pdf

Wirkung von Pflanzenkohle im Futter oder in der Einstreu auf den Stickstoffgehalt in der Einstreu bei Broilern
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Albiker, Danielle; Zweifel, Ruedi.
In einem Stall mit 4320 Ross 308 Broilern wurde der Einfluss von Pflanzenkohle als Futter- und Einstreuzusatz auf den Stickstoffgehalt in der Einstreu und die Mastleistung untersucht. Die Eintagesküken wurden gemischtgeschlechtlich gleichmässig in 16 Abteile eingestallt und zufällig vier verschiedenen Verfahren zugewiesen. Dies führte zu jeweils vier Wiederholungen pro Verfahren mit je 270 Tieren. Sie wurden nach 37 Tagen geschlachtet. Folgende vier Verfahren wurden angewendet: a) Kontrollgruppe, welche ein Standardfutter erhielt (K), b) alle drei Tage wurden etwa 0,3kg/m2 Pflanzenkohle in die Einstreu gegeben (PE), c) dem Futter wurde 1% Pflanzenkohle beigegeben (PF) und d) Kombination von a) und b) (PEPF). Alle Gruppen erhielten dasselbe Futter, welches...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Poultry; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36064/1/Beitrag_131_final_a.pdf

Wissen, wo man steht. Ergebnisse des Projektes "COMPASS".
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kelm, Michael; Taube, Friedhelm; Hüwing, Hinrich; Kemper, Nicole; Neumann, Helge.
Das Projekt "COMPASS" der Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Kiel beschäftigt sich seit 2004 mit dem Monitoring von Leistungen und ökologischen Effekten auf 32 konventionellen und ökologischen Praxisbetrieben. Im vorliegenden Band sind die zentralen Ergebnisse aus den Bereichen Nährstoffmanagement, Pflanzenschutz, Rückstandsproblematik, Tiergesundheit und Biodiversität (EU-Projekt AVI-LAND) umfassend und gleichzeitig anschaulich dargestellt.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity and ecosystem services; Health and welfare; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/11002/1/CAU_Kiel_Broschuere_COMPASS.pdf

Wohlergehen von Bioschweinen und Umweltwirkungen – (k)ein Widerspruch? Haltungssysteme der Bio-Schweine in Europa im Vergleich
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Leeb, Christine; Rudolph, Gwendolyn; Dippel, Sabine; Edwards, Sandra; Zollitsch, Werner; Winckler, Christoph.
Das Haltungssystem hat Einfluss auf Gesundheit, Wohlergehen und Umweltauswirkungen von Bioschweinen; Freilandhaltung ist grundsätzlich vorteilhaft für das Tierwohlergehen und teilweise Freilandhaltung hinsichtlich Umweltwirkung. Durch gutes Management können jedoch grundsätzlich in jedem System gute Ergebnisse erzielt werden. Die Ergebnisse der Studie können als Basis der Weiterentwicklung der Bioschweinehaltungssysteme in Europa dienen. Sofern die Voraussetzungen am Betrieb gegeben sind (z.B. ausreichend Flächen) und gutes Management gewährleistet ist, können Stallhaltungsbetriebe das Tierwohlergehen steigern, indem beispielsweise die Sauen saisonal im Freiland gehalten werden. Andererseits kann die Umweltwirkung mancher Freilandbetriebe voraussichtlich...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions; Health and welfare; Pigs.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://orgprints.org/29921/1/150914_Leeb_Rudolph_Freilandtagung-2015_final.pdf

Yöni leaching field
Provedor de dados: 21
Yöni leaching field  (owned by the MTT Agrifood Research Finland) is situated in south-western Finland (60° N 23° E). The soil type of the field is clay, with four percent of organic C in the plough layer. There are six plots, 0.5 hectares each. Two plots have been under organic farming since 1993, two plots are under conventional farming and two plots are under natural grassland. The volume of the water from drainage pipes of each plot is measured automatically and flow-weighted water samples are taken by hand. Surface runoff is conducted to the same measurement system so that the runoff represents the total runoff from the plots. There are four other plots under organic and four plots under conventional farming, but the drainage system does not allow the...
Tipo: Research facility description
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2023

Zemědělství s nízkými emisemi skleníkových plynů: Mitigační a adaptační potenciál trvale udržitelných zemědělských systémů
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Niggli, Urs; Fleissbach, A.; Hepperly, P.; Scialabba, N.
Může zemědělství s nízkými emisemi skleníkových plynů(Green House Gases – GHG) vůbec fungovat? A je vlastně žádoucí? Při hledání odpovědí na tyto dvě základní, avšak nesmírně relevantní otázky, předložená studie prověřuje současné zemědělské postupy, které dává do souvislostí s vědeckými databázemi dlouhodobých polních pokusů a používá je jako případové studie zemědělství s nízkými emisemi skleníkových plynů. Navíc se za-bývá změnami potřebnými k tomu, aby se zemědělské systémy s nízkými emisemi GHG staly realitou. Dále objasňuje adaptační kapacitu agroekologických zemědělských systémů a využívá přitom případové studie o ekologickém zemědělství z odborné literatury.    Emise způsobené zemědělstvím představují ročně 10–12 % veškerých emisí GHG, tedy 5,1 až...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/20478/1/web_klima.pdf

Zusammensetzung von Wirtschaftsdüngern ökologischer und konventioneller Milchviehbetriebe im Rahmen des Projekts Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit von Landbausystemen
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Blank, Britta; Paulsen, Hans Marten; Kassow, Antje; Rahmann, Gerold; Aulrich, Karen.
In Deutschland ist die Milchviehhaltung für 30 % der gesamten Treibhausgasemissionen der Landwirtschaft verantwortlich. Zu den größten Verursacherbereichen der landwirtschaftlichen Emissionen in Deutschland gehören die landwirtschaftlichen Böden, die mineralische Düngung, die Emissionen aus der Fermentation aus der Verdauung der Tiere und die Lagerung und Anwendung von Wirtschaftsdüngern. Auf der anderen Seite steigert ein gezielter Einsatz von Wirtschaftsdüngern die Erträge und mindert die Notwendigkeit von Mineraldüngern, was zu einer Senkung der Treibhausgasbelastungen führen kann. Trotz der Bedeutung zu Klimawirkungen der Landwirtschaft, gibt es in der Literatur kaum aussagekräftige Datensätze von Wirtschaftsdüngern in Bezug auf Menge und Qualität und...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/17426/3/Blank_17426.pdf

Zusatz von Molke und Sauerkrautsaft zur Rindergülle und deren Einfluss auf den pH-Wert
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Starz, Walter; Hämmerle, Johannes; Rohrer, Hannes; Pfister, Rupert.
Ein Gülle pH-Wert von unter 7 würde die Ammoniak-Emissionen deutlich reduzieren. Im vorliegende Versuch wurde die Zugabe von milchsäurehaltigen Flüssigkeiten (Wasser, Molke und Sauerkrautsaft) zur Gülle untersucht. Dabei konnte der pH-Wert durch die Zugabe (Mischungsverhältnis 1:1) von Molke (pH 5,7 oder 5,2) und Sauerkrautsaft (pH 5,8 oder 6,1) im Gegensatz zur Wasserverdünnung (pH 7,5 oder 7,4) deutlich reduziert werden.
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Pasture and forage crops; Composting and manuring; Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://orgprints.org/36073/1/Beitrag_142_final_a.pdf