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| Provedor de dados: |
OceanDocs
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| País: |
Belgium
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| Título: |
Genética poblacional y filogeografía de Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) y Cheloniamydas (Linnaeus, 1758): Una perspectiva regional con énfasis en el suroeste de Cuba
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| Autores: |
Ruiz Urquiola, A.
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| Data: |
2014-03-24
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| Ano: |
2008
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| Palavras-chave: |
Population genetics
Phylogenetics
Marine turtles
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| Resumo: |
El manejo efectivo para la conservación de las tortugas marinas depende del entendimiento de las interconexiones demográficas entre las poblaciones. En este trabajo se determinaron la estructura poblacional, la diversidad genética y las relaciones filogenéticas y filogeográficas entre las principales colonias de anidación cubanas de Chelonia mydas y Caretta caretta, y se compararon en un contexto regional, a partir de la secuenciación de la primera mitad de la región no codificadora del DNA mitocóndrico, con vistas a un manejo sostenible. En las colonias de anidación cubanas de ambas especies estuvieron presentes los haplotipos más distribuidos y representados de los linajes de cada especie informados para la región. No obstante, las colonias de C. mydas también se destacaron por la presencia de haplotipos endémicos. Estas constituyeron poblaciones panmictas y estuvieron estructuradas significativamente con las restantes poblaciones de anidación de la región, como consecuencia de un porcentaje de variación mayor dentro que entre las colonias de anidación. Por consiguiente, las colonias de anidación cubanas constituyen poblaciones que han intercambiado migrantes limitadamente con las restantes del Mediterráneo americano. El grado de diferenciación genética (F-ΦST) estuvo positivamente correlacionado con la distancia geográfica entre las colonias de anidación de la región, cumpliéndose el modelo pasarela congruente con los patrones de corrientes marinas imperantes en la región. Existieron fallos a la conducta de reproducción en el lugar de origen dentro de cada especie, que condujeron a dispersiones de los haplotipos más distribuidos y representados entre los que se encontraron los ancestros de cada linaje. Estos fallos pudieron ser provocados por las fluctuaciones climáticas durante el Pleistoceno, que conllevaron a sucesivas recolonizaciones de hábitat en función de las características óptimas para la anidación. Consecuentemente, las huellas de las expansiones demográficas han quedado difusas, a pesar de la estructura genética significativa y presencia de endemismo en la mayoría de las poblaciones de anidación. A partir del análisis filogeográfico de clados anidados se corroboró un flujo genético restringido por aislamiento por distancia, con fragmentación pasada y colonizaciones a grandes distancias o una de estas dos últimas variantes. Finalmente, las poblaciones de anidación cubanas, a pesar de compartir un pasado histórico común con las restantes poblaciones de anidación de la región, constituyeron unidades genéticas singulares consideradas Mus, que deben ser manejadas cuidadosamente para evitar pérdida de la variabilidad genética del genofondo de cada especie de tortuga marina.
Universidad de La Habana Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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| Tipo: |
Theses and Dissertations
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| Idioma: |
Espanhol
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| Identificador: |
http://hdl.handle.net/1834/5388
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| Relação: |
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141
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
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