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Provedor de dados:  J. Venom. Anim. Toxins
País:  Brazil
Título:  OCCURRENCE OF TETRODOTOXIN AND PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXINS IN Phallusia nigra (TUNICATA, ASCIDIACEA) FROM THE BRAZILIAN COAST
Autores:  FREITAS,J. C.
OGATA,T.
VEIT,C.H.
KODAMA,M.
Data:  1996-01-01
Ano:  1996
Palavras-chave:  Phallusia nigra
Tunicate
Paralytic shellfish toxins
Tetrodotoxin
Resumo:  We have already shown the presence of guanidine neurotoxins in calcareous red algae and mussels collected in the São Sebastião channel (State of São Paulo, Brazil). It is known that these neurotoxins comprise more than 25 analogues such as tetrodotoxin (TTX) and derivatives plus the paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) found in a variety of marine, freshwater and amphibious species. Filter feeding animals generally possess large amounts of these neurotoxins. The tunicates are sessil marine animals with a high rate of sea water filtration. The tunics and siphons of 50 specimens of Phallusia nigra were dissected and the visceral organs were immersed in methanol containing acetic acid 0.02 N pH 5.0. The extract was prepared by homogenization, filtration and the methanolic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure and defatted with chloroform. The polar phase was evaporated and the residue dissolved in deionized water for further purification in ionic-exchange resin column (Bio-Gel P-2) and HPLC analysis. The extract showed paralytic effects on mouse assay (26.9 MU/100mg) and on crustacean isolated nerve preparations. The chemical analysis for TTX and PST revealed toxins with retention times similar to gonyautoxins, saxitoxins and TTX. These findings are important to explain future toxin envenoming outbreaks on the Brazilian coast.
Tipo:  Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Idioma:  Inglês
Identificador:  http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79301996000100004
Editor:  Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos - CEVAP, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP
Relação:  10.1590/S0104-79301996000100004
Formato:  text/html
Fonte:  Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins v.2 n.1 1996
Direitos:  info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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