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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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| Mahmoudvand,Mohammad; Abbasipour,Habib; Basij,Moslem; Hossein Hosseinpour,Mohammad; Rastegar,Fahimeh; Bagher Nasiri,Mohammad. |
| Plant materials with insecticidal properties have been traditionally used for generations in some parts of the world. In this study, fumigant toxicity of some essential oils extracted from Rosmarinus officinalis L., Mentha pulegium L., Zataria multiflora, and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck var. hamlin on adults of stored-product pests, including Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus granarius, Callosobruchus maculatus, and Plodia interpunctella were investigated. Pure essential oils were used in glass vials for the bioassay. LC50 values of Citrus sinensis var. hamlin against T. castaneum, S. granarius, and C. maculatus were 391.28, 367.75, and 223.48 µL L-1 air after 24 h, 362.40, 20.45, and 207.17 µL L-1 air after 48 h, respectively. Furthermore, LC50 values of... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Fumigant toxicity; Toxicidad fumigante. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000100010 |
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| Montaña,Elma; Pastor,Gabriela; Torres,Laura. |
| Knowledge Assessment on Sustainable Water Resources Management for Irrigation (KASWARMI) project made evident cases of unsuccessful or non sustainable irrigation experiences that could only be explained by the underestimation of deep socioeconomic issues. This involves not only the social factors related to the implementation/adoption of new or better technologies by a wide spectrum of users but also the way in which water use and irrigation projects are conceived, planned and implemented by scientists, politicians and practitioners. The project was interested in assessing the social science inputs irrigation specialists receive. With this objective, this paper presents a state of the art on some selected socioeconomic subjects as they appear in the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Socioeconomic issues; Social sciences; State of the art. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000500006 |
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| Hirzel,Juan; Matus,Iván; Madariaga,Ricardo. |
| Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) is an important crop for the world population and occupies a large cultivated area worldwide. New cultivars need constant improvement of their agronomic management, within which N fertilization is highlighted. Durum wheat is also important in Chile where genetic breeding and agronomic management have been developed to increase yield, industrial, and nutritional grain quality. The objective of this experiment was to determine the appropriate number of N applications during a crop cycle in a volcanic ash soil in South Central Chile. Nitrogen split applications were carried out on three durum wheat cultivars in a Melanoxerands soil during the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 seasons. A rate of 200 kg ha-1 N was applied at... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Durum wheat; Cultivars; Nitrogen; Split applications; Volcanic soil. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000400009 |
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| Ban,Dean; Goreta Ban,Smiljana; Oplanic,Milan; Horvat,Josipa; Novak,Bruno; Zanic,Katja; Znidarcic,Dragan. |
| Worldwide, a significant increase in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. & Nakai) growing areas has been registered in the last few years. In-row plant spacing has a significant effect on the growth and yield of watermelon, and can enhance competition for water and nutrients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of in-row plant spacing (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 m) and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi Glomus mosseae inoculations on watermelon growth and yield under field conditions during 2003, 2004, and 2005 year. In 2003, the main vine length, number of leaves, and number of lateral branches were increased quadratically as the in-row plant spacing increased from 1.0 to 2.5. With an increase in the in-row plant spacing the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Arbuscular mycorrhiza; Fruit; Plant density; Vegetative growth. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000400001 |
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| Castellaro G,Giorgio; Aguilar G,Claudio; Vera I,Raul; Morales S,Luis. |
| Grasslands are complex ecosystems and their processes are affected by soil, meteorological, and management variables. In this context, dynamic simulation models are useful to understand these processes and to design grassland use strategies. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a simulation model of perennial pasture growth based on soil and climate variables. A first approach considered that soil fertility levels were adequate; therefore, soil water availability and phytomass level were the main variables affecting pasture growth. The subroutines considered were water balance, pasture growth, and root biomass dynamics. The hypotheses regarding the functioning of the system were formulated as a group of equations which were solved numerically... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Grassland simulation models; Mesophytic grasslands. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000300013 |
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| Cholaky,Carmen; Cisneros,José M; Balbuena,Roberto. |
| Initial soil conditions, operational aspects, and tool shape affect the efficiency of soil decompaction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a winged scarifier as a function of soil compaction and edaphic water content. The experiment was carried out in a typical Hapludoll. Treatments considered two soil compaction levels: high (HC) and low compaction (LC); and three soil water contents: wet (WS), humid (HS), and dry (DS) with 9, 14, and 19% gravimetric water content, respectively. A split-plot randomized block design was applied. Tractive effort, disturbed area, tillage depth, specific resistance, and power were evaluated. Results showed that tractive effort was 17% greater in HC than LC, and in both cases HS was greater than WS... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural engineering; Winged scarifier; Bulk density; Water content; Compaction. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000100016 |
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| Zapata,Nelson; Vargas,Marisol; Monsálvez,Manuel; Ceballos,Ricardo. |
| The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Drimys winteri J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. bark and its extracts, obtained sequentially with n-hexane, acetone, and methanol, against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt). Ground bark of D. winteri was mixed with potato dextrose agar growth media at concentrations of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 mg L-1 in Petri plates. Each extract was mixed at concentrations of 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg L-1. Petri plates were inoculated in the center with a 5-mm mycelium disk and were incubated at 24 ± 1 ºC. Daily measurements of mycelium radial growth were taken to determine growth rate and growth inhibition (%). A ground bark concentration of 978 mg L-1 was needed to inhibit Ggt growth by 50%, while extracts... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Wheat take-all; Soil borne; Plant extracts; Ggt. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000100006 |
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| Infante,Rodrigo; Contador,Loreto; Rubio,Pía; Aros,Danilo; Peña-Neira,Álvaro. |
| High quality fruits are increasingly demanded along with the need to ensure this attribute to consumers. Thus, this study was aimed at characterizing a melting (Elegant Lady) and a non-melting flesh (Carson) peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) varieties by considering both their bioactive compound contribution and their sensory quality in ripe fruit at harvest and after a prolonged period of cold storage. Cultivars were evaluated at harvest (F0) and after 30 d of cold storage (F30), as well as after a maturation period at 20 °C for both F0 and F30 (R0 and R30, respectively). Fruit weight, flesh firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and background color (Hue) were recorded at each stage. Furthermore, total phenol content was... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Quality parameters sensory evaluation total phenols (+)-catechin; HPLC. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300016 |
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| Demir Kaya,Mehmet; Day,Sibel; Cikili,Yakup; Arslan,Neset. |
| Salinity reduces germination, delays emergence, and inhibits seedling growth of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) while some varieties are less affected by salinity than others. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of NaCl levels (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 dS m-1) on germination and seedling growth of 10 linseed genotypes (lines 87, 89, 104, 114, 193, 194, 209, 215, C-90 and cv. San-85) and to classify the genotypes for salinity tolerance using germination and seedling characteristics. Germination percentage, mean germination time, root and shoot length, seedling fresh and dry weight, Na+ content and Na:K ratio of seedlings were investigated. Classification of linseed genotypes for salinity tolerance was done according to (i) combination of Principal... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: NaCl; Tolerance; Cluster; Ion accumulation. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000100005 |
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| Laznik,Žiga; Vidrih,Matej; Trdan,Stanislav. |
| To increase our knowledge on the susceptibility of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) species to agrochemicals, the compatibility of the infective juveniles (IJ) of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, and Heterorhabditis downesi with 15 chemical fungicides was investigated under laboratory conditions. The effect of direct IJ exposure to fungicides for 24 h was tested in a petri dish at 15, 20, and 25 °C. The results showed that the compatibility of S. feltiae with azoxystrobin was high, and similar findings were obtained for S. carpocapsae (strain C67) and all of the tested fungicides, except for tebuconazole + spiroxamine + triadimenol, maneb, dinocap, and copper (II) hydroxide + metalaxil-M. Nematode H. downesi (strain 3173)... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Compatibility; Fungicides; Viability. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000100010 |
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| Miranda,Margarita; Vega-Gálvez,Antonio; Martínez,Enrique A; López,Jéssica; Marín,Rosa; Aranda,Mario; Fuentes,Francisco. |
| Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in Chile represents a source of germplasm with high nutritional value. However, there is little information available related to quinoa seed quality grown under contrasting environments. In this study we evaluated the changes on seed composition of seeds of two lowland/coastal quinoa genotypes grown under arid (Vicuna) and cold-temperate (Temuco) conditions in Chile. Results showed that in the case of 'Regalona Baer' and 'Villarrica' genotypes the arid location (with irrigation) led to a significant increase (P < 0.05) in grain yield (4.2 and 5.1 t ha-1, respectively), soluble dietary fiber (16.8 ± 0.4 and 28.9 ± 2.1 g kg-1 DM, respectively), vitamin B3 (2.44 ± 0.005 and 2.26 ± 0.04 mg 100 g-1 DM, respectively),... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Chenopodium quinoa; Climate stress; Antioxidant activity; Phenolic compounds; Protein; Mineral content. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392013000200004 |
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| Jara-Rojas,Francisco; Ortega-Farías,Samuel; Valdés-Gómez,Héctor; Poblete,Carlos; del Pozo,Alejandro. |
| The coupled model of assimilation and stomatal conductance (A-g s) was evaluated to estimate leaf stomatal conductance of a drip-irrigated vineyard (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) located in the Pencahue Valley (35º22 S, 71°47 W, 150 m.a.s.l.), Maule Region, Chile, during the 2003-2004 and the 2004-2005 growing seasons. Additionally, a calibration of the three parameters mesophyll conductance (g m), maximum specific humidity (Dmax) and coupled factor (f0) was applied on vines growing in 35 L pots. An infrared gas analyzer was used to calibrate and evaluate the A-g s which allowed simultaneous measuring of the leaf net CO2 assimilation (A) and stomatal conductance (g s) in 2 to 3 h intervals of time. The calibration indicated that the g m,,... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: A-g s model; Photosynthesis; Mesophyll conductance; Stem water potential; Sensitivity analysis. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000100011 |
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| Pardo,Gabriel; Aibar,Joaquín; Ciria,Pilar; Lacasta,Carlos; Lezaún,Juan Antonio; Zaragoza,Carlos. |
| Under semiarid conditions the response of cereal crops to chemical fertilizers and weed control practices with herbicides is often reduced. In fact, the economic profitability of agricultural production in many dryland regions is critically affected by high costs of inputs and low crop yields. As a solution, cropping systems like organic farming, obtaining similar yields and promoting environmental sustainability by reducing fertilizer and herbicides, could be an alternative to conventional systems. In this study, 23 trials were performed in five semiarid regions of Spain during 5 yr to compare different fertilizers and weed control methods on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yields. The following rotation pattern was... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Sustainability; Ecological agriculture; Crop rotation; Compost; Flex-tine harrow. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000200002 |
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| Pirzad,Alireza; Darvishzadeh,Reza; Bernousi,Iraj; Hassani,Abbas; Sivritepe,Nuray. |
| Iron and zinc deficiency are a yield-limiting factor with major implications for field crop production in many agricultural regions of the world; this production is essential source of Fe and Zn in human and animal diets. Two experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions to evaluate Fe and Zn uptake by German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) grown under several drought conditions. Treatments were arranged in four irrigation regimes (95%, 80%, 65%, and 50% field capacity) and six irrigation disruptions (stem formation, flower onset, full bloom, first harvest, second harvest, and control without disruption) based on a randomized complete block design with five and four replicates in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. In Experiment 1, the... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Fe; Micronutrients; Zn. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000200011 |
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| Moggia,Claudia; Hernández,Omar; Pereira,Marcia; A. Lobos,Gustavo; Yuri,José Antonio. |
| A study was carried out to determine the effects of two cooling systems and the application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, SmartFreshTM) on the incidence of superficial scald in apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. Granny Smith. Fruit were collected from a commercial orchard (Colbún, Maule Region, Chile) during 2004-2005 season. A completely randomized design was used in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, using cooling systems (normal and step-wise cooling) and application of 1-MCP (0 and 625 nL L-1 i.a.) as the main factors. Fruit from normal cooling were kept at 0 °C throughout the storage period (180 days). Step-wise cooling consisted of storing the fruit at 10 °C for 10 days; 4 °C for the next 20 days and 0 °C for the remaining 150 days. Every month,... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Conjugated trienes; Antioxidants; -farnesene; 1-methylcyclopropene; Physiological disorder; Ethylene. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000300011 |
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| Khaliq,Abdul; Matloob,Amar; Tanveer,Asif; Areeb,Ahsan; Aslam,Farhena; Abbas,Nadeem. |
| Reduction in herbicide usage without compromising yields can lead to less environmental harm and lower production costs. Field trials were conducted to appraise the efficacy of reduced doses (25, 50, and 75% of the label dose) of a post emergence sulfonylurea herbicide [Atlantis 3.6WG (iodo+mesosulfuron)] to control weeds in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields of Punjab, Pakistan. Below-labeled-doses were quite effective in suppressing total weed density (72-95%) and biomass (83-94%), and wheat grain yield was increased by 22 to 48% over the weedy control, while label dose of iodo+mesosulfuron improved yield by 53%. Iodo+mesosulfuron at 25 and 50% of the label dose inhibited grass weeds by 43 to 64%, albeit their biomass was suppressed by > 80% over... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Reduced herbicide dose; Weed suppression; Efficiency; Wheat yield. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392011000300013 |
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| Gonçalves Franco da Silva,José Paulo; Lopes Baldin,Edson Luiz; Santana de Souza,Efrain; Lourenção,André Luiz. |
| Since it was first reported in Brazil in the 1990s, the B biotype of silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn., Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) has been recognized as an important pest in soybeans (Glycine max L.), reducing the productivity of this legume species in some areas of the country. As an alternative to chemical control, the use of resistant genotypes represents an important tool for integrated pest management (IPM). This study evaluated the performance of 10 soybean genotypes prior to whitefly infestation, by testing attractiveness and preference for oviposition in the greenhouse and antibiosis in the laboratory. In a multiple-choice test, 'IAC-17' was the least attractive to insects. In a no-choice test, 'IAC-17' was the least attractive for egg... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Silverleaf whitefly; Host plant resistance; Attractiveness; Non-preference; Trichome. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000400009 |
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| Xu-Guang,Liu; Fu-Ping,Song; Si-Yuan,Wen; Sheng-Qi,Wang; Da-Fang,Huang; Jie,Zhang. |
| We have developed a parallel, rapid, high-throughput oligonucleotide microarray-based assay for the reliable detection and genotyping of three cry genes (cry1, cry2 and cry9) in Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). After the non-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), amplified Bt genomic DNA were fluorescent-labeled using a random primer. The corresponding oligonucleotide probes were designed for the different cry genes that can hybridize Bt genomic DNA after cluster analysis and were printed on glass slides. This microarray has unambiguously detected and identified the cry genes in 10 isolates and reference Bt. Our data demonstrates that the microarray assay is simple and rapid for the detection and genotyping of genes. This type of assay is also a potentially... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Oligonucleotide microarray; Cry genes; Genotyping; Random primer labeling; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000200004 |
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| Registros recuperados: 390 | |
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