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Beneficial Effects of Angiotensin II AT1 Blocker on Cardiovascular Adverse Remodeling Due to Nitric Oxide Synthesis Blockade 77
Fernandes-Santos,Caroline; Mendonça,Leonardo de Souza; Mandarim-de-Lacerda,Carlos Alberto.
We studied with morphological tools the effects of different doses of Losartan upon the cardiovascular remodeling in nitric oxide deficient rats. At 15 weeks of age, thirty Wistar rats were separated in six groups: control (C), L-NAME (LN), and four groups were LN was given plus Losartan at different doses (1, 5, 20 and 40 mg/kg/day). The L-NAME was given for 9 weeks, the Losartan administration starting on the 2nd week of experiment. We studied the heart, thoracic aorta and superior mesenteric artery with light microscopy and stereology. The blood pressure (BP) increased since the first week of L-NAME administration, the Losartan treatment at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg/day was efficient to reduce BP after the 7th week of treatment. The cardiac adverse...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Losartan; Angiotensin II; L-NAME; Hypertension; Renin-angiotensin system; Stereology; L-NAME.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000400003
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The scorpion envenoming syndrome: a different perspective. The physiological basis of the role of insulin in scorpion envenoming 79
MURTHY,K. R. KRISHNA.
Death caused by scorpion envenoming (Buthidae family) is a common event in tropical and subtropical countries. Severe scorpion envenoming causes an autonomic storm resulting in a massive release of catecholamines, angiotensin II, glucagon, cortisol, and changes in insulin secretion. As a consequence of these changes in the hormonal milieu, scorpion envenoming results in a syndrome of fuel energy deficits and an inability of the vital organs to utilize the existing metabolic substrates, which causes myocardial damage, cardiovascular disturbances, peripheral circulatory failure, pulmonary oedema, and many other clinical manifestations alone or in combination, producing multi-system-organ-failure (MSOF) and death. Insulin-glucose infusion or antivenom...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Catecholamines; Angiotensin II; Glucagon; Cortisol; Insulin; Myocardial damage; Cardiovascular disturbances; Peripheral circulatory failure; Pulmonary oedema; Multi-system-organ-failure (MSOF).
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79302000000100002
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Angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C GENE polymorphism and essential hypertension in San Luis 47
Lapierre,Alicia Viviana; Arce,María Elena; Lopez,José Raúl; Ciuffo,Gladys María.
Essential hypertension is considered a multifactorial trait resulting from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. The angiotensin II type 1 receptor mediates the vasoconstrictor and growthpromoting effects of Ang II. The A1166C polymorphism of the AT1 receptor gene may be associated with cardiovascular phenotypes, such as high arterial blood pressure, aortic stiffness, and increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the association between this A1166C polymorphism and hypertension in hypertense and normotense subjects from San Luis (Argentina) by mismatch PCR-RFLP analysis. Hypertense patients exhibited significant increases in lipid related values and body mass index. The frequency of occurrence of the C1166 allele was higher among...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; A1166C polymorphism; Risk factors; RAS system; Pharmacogenetics.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452006000300005
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Biochemical-molecular markers in unilateral ureteral obstruction 47
Manucha,Walter.
Congenital obstructive nephropathy is the primary cause of end-stagerenal disease in children. Rapid diagnosis and initiation of the treatment are vital to preserve function and/or to slow down renal injury. Obstr uctive uropathy effects-decline in the plasmatic renal flow and glomerular filtrationrate, interstitial infiltrate of leukocytes, significant decrease of the urine concentration, loss of the capacity to concentrate urine as well as fibrosis and apoptosisare a consequence of a variety of factors that work in complex ways and are still not fully understood. Mediators as angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) and nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in congenital obstructive nephropathy. The renin-angiotensin system is regulated in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Unilateral ureteral obstruction; Interstitial fibrosis; Nitric oxide; Angiotensin II; Oxidative stress.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452007000100001
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The effect of losartan on angiotensin II-induced cell proliferation in a rat aorta smooth muscle cell line 52
Tambelline,Natália; Oliveira,Karen; Olchanheski Junior,Luiz Renato; Sordi,Regina; Otuki,Michel Fleith; Favero,Giovani Marino; Fernandes,Daniel.
The success of revascularization procedures is limited by recurrent stenosis, which is a narrowing of a blood vessels that results from neo-intimal hyperplasia. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neo-intimal hyperplasia, and a role for angiotensin II in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation has been proposed. There are at least two high-affinity subtypes of angiotensin II receptors, AT1 and AT2, both of which are seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors. We investigated the effect of losartan, an AT1 receptor antagonist, on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation using the A7r5 smooth cell line derived from rat aorta. Losartan was shown to prevent angiotensin II-induced cell proliferation,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; Losartan; Cell proliferation.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000200012
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Role of angiotensin II and vasopressin receptors within the supraoptic nucleus in water and sodium intake induced by the injection of angiotensin II into the medial septal area 56
Antunes,V.R.; Camargo,G.M.P.A.; Saad,R.; Saad,W.A.; Luiz,A.C.; Camargo,L.A.A..
In this study we investigated the effects of the injection into the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of non-peptide AT1- and AT2-angiotensin II (ANG II) receptor antagonists, DuP753 and PD123319, as well as of the arginine-vasopressin (AVP) receptor antagonist d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)-AVP, on water and 3% NaCl intake induced by the injection of ANG II into the medial septal area (MSA). The effects on water or 3% NaCl intake were assessed in 30-h water-deprived or in 20-h water-deprived furosemide-treated adult male rats, respectively. The drugs were injected in 0.5 µl over 30-60 s. Controls were injected with a similar volume of 0.15 M NaCl. Antagonists were injected at doses of 20, 80 and 180 nmol. Water and sodium intake was measured over a 2-h period. Previous...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; AT1 receptors; AT2 receptors; V1 receptors; Water intake; Sodium intake; Medial septal area; Supraoptic nucleus; Rats.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001200013
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Angiotensin and baroreflex control of the circulation 56
Head,G.A.; Saigusa,T.; Mayorov,D.N..
There is a close association between the location of angiotensin (Ang) receptors and many important brain nuclei involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. The present review encompasses the physiological role of Ang II in the brainstem, particularly in relation to its influence on baroreflex control of the heart and kidney. Activation of AT1 receptors in the brainstem by fourth ventricle (4V) administration to conscious rabbits or local administration of Ang II into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of anesthetized rabbits acutely increases renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and RSNA baroreflex responses. Administration of the Ang antagonist Sarile into the RVLM of anesthetized rabbits blocked the effects of Ang II on the RSNA...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; AT1 receptors; Losartan; Renal sympathetic activity; Baroreflex; Rostral ventrolateral medulla; Blood pressure; Rabbit.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000900005
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Ligand-induced endocytosis and nuclear localization of angiotensin II receptors expressed in CHO cells 56
Merjan,A.J.; Kanashiro,C.A.; Krieger,J.E.; Han,S.W.; Paiva,A.C.M..
A construct (AT1R-NF) containing a "Flag" sequence added to the N-terminus of the rat AT1 receptor was stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells and quantified in the cell membrane by confocal microscopy after reaction with a fluorescein-labeled anti-Flag monoclonal antibody. Angiotensin II bound to AT1R-NF and induced endocytosis with a half-time of 2 min. After 60-90 min, fluorescence accumulated around the cell nucleus, suggesting migration of the ligand-receptor complex to the nuclear membrane. Angiotensin antagonists also induced endocytosis, suggesting that a common step in the transduction signal mechanism occurring after ligand binding may be responsible for the ligand-receptor complex internalization.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; Agonist-induced receptor internalization; Endocytosis; Fluorescence-tagged receptor; Nuclear angiotensin receptors; Renin-angiotensin system.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000900011
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Neuropeptides in the posterodorsal medial amygdala modulate central cardiovascular reflex responses in awake male rats 56
Quagliotto,E.; Casali,K.R.; Dal Lago,P.; Rasia-Filho,A.A..
The rat posterodorsal medial amygdala (MePD) links emotionally charged sensory stimuli to social behavior, and is part of the supramedullary control of the cardiovascular system. We studied the effects of microinjections of neuroactive peptides markedly found in the MePD, namely oxytocin (OT, 10 ng and 25 pg; n=6/group), somatostatin (SST, 1 and 0.05 μM; n=8 and 5, respectively), and angiotensin II (Ang II, 50 pmol and 50 fmol; n=7/group), on basal cardiovascular activity and on baroreflex- and chemoreflex-mediated responses in awake adult male rats. Power spectral and symbolic analyses were applied to pulse interval and systolic arterial pressure series to identify centrally mediated sympathetic/parasympathetic components in the heart rate variability...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes; Power spectral analysis; Symbolic analysis; Oxytocin; Somatostatin; Angiotensin II.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000200128
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Alternative pathways for angiotensin II generation in the cardiovascular system 56
Becari,C.; Oliveira,E.B.; Salgado,M.C.O..
The classical renin-angiotensin system (RAS) consists of enzymes and peptides that regulate blood pressure and electrolyte and fluid homeostasis. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is one of the most important and extensively studied components of the RAS. The beneficial effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, among other diseases, are well known. However, it has been reported that patients chronically treated with effective doses of these inhibitors do not show suppression of Ang II formation, suggesting the involvement of pathways alternative to ACE in the generation of Ang II. Moreover, the finding that the concentration of Ang II is preserved in the kidney, heart and lungs of mice with an ACE...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Renin-angiotensin system; Angiotensin II; Rat elastase-2; Alternative pathway; Angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000900013
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Sex differences in angiotensin II- induced hypertension 56
Xue,B.; Johnson,A.K.; Hay,M..
Sex differences in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease have been described in humans and in animal models. In this paper we will review some of our studies which have as their emphasis the examination of the role of sex differences and sex steroids in modulating the central actions of angiotensin II (ANG II) via interactions with free radicals and nitric oxide, generating pathways within brain circumventricular organs and in central sympathomodulatory systems. Our studies indicate that low-dose infusions of ANG II result in hypertension in wild-type male mice but not in intact wild-type females. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that ANG II-induced hypertension in males is blocked by central infusions of the androgen receptor...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; Estrogen; Estrogen a and ß receptors; Nitric oxide; Reactive oxygen species; Testosterone.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000500018
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The hyperglycemia induced by angiotensin II in rats is mediated by AT1 receptors 56
Machado,L.J.C.; Marubayashi,U.; Reis,A.M.; Coimbra,C.C..
We have shown that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in glucose homeostasis during acute hemorrhage. Since almost all of the physiological actions described for angiotensin II were mediated by AT1 receptors, the present experiments were designed to determine the participation of AT1 receptors in the hyperglycemic action of angiotensin II in freely moving rats. The animals were divided into two experimental groups: 1) animals submitted to intravenous administration of angiotensin II (0.96 nmol/100 g body weight) which caused a rapid increase in plasma glucose reaching the highest values at 5 min after the injection (33% of the initial values, P<0.01), and 2) animals submitted to intravenous administration of DuP-753 (losartan), a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Glycemia; Angiotensin II; DuP-753; AT1; Receptor.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001000018
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Participation of hepatic α/β-adrenoceptors and AT1 receptors in glucose release and portal hypertensive response induced by adrenaline or angiotensin II 56
de Araújo,L.J.T.; Nagaoka,M.R.; Borges,D.R.; Kouyoumdjian,M..
It has been previously demonstrated that the hemodynamic effect induced by angiotensin II (AII) in the liver was completely abolished by losartan while glucose release was partially affected by losartan. Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) and adrenergic (∝1- and β-) receptors (AR) belong to the G-proteins superfamily, which signaling promote glycogen breakdown and glucose release. Interactive relationship between AR and AT1-R was shown after blockade of these receptors with specific antagonists. The isolated perfused rat liver was used to study hemodynamic and metabolic responses induced by AII and adrenaline (Adr) in the presence of AT1 (losartan) and ∝1-AR and β-AR antagonists (prazosin and propranolol). All antagonists diminished the hemodynamic response...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Liver perfusion; Angiotensin II; Adrenaline; AT1R; Adrenoceptors.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018001200604
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Regulation of the renal proximal tubule second sodium pump by angiotensins 56
Caruso-Neves,C.; Rangel,L.B.A.; Lara,L.S.; Lopes,A.G..
For several years it was believed that angiotensin II (Ang II) alone mediated the effects of the renin-angiotensin system. However, it has been observed that other peptides of this system, such as angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), present biological activity. The effect of Ang II and Ang-(1-7) on renal sodium excretion has been associated, at least in part, with modulation of proximal tubule sodium reabsorption. In the present review, we discuss the evidence for the involvement of Na+-ATPase, called the second sodium pump, as a target for the actions of these compounds in the regulation of proximal tubule sodium reabsorption.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Na+-ATPase; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-(1-7); Furosemide; Proximal tubule.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000800015
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Role of endothelium in angiotensin II formation by the rat aorta and mesenteric arterial bed 56
We investigated the angiotensin II (Ang II)-generating system by analyzing the vasoconstrictor effect of Ang II, angiotensin I (Ang I), and tetradecapeptide (TDP) renin substrate in the absence and presence of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system in isolated rat aortic rings and mesenteric arterial beds with and without functional endothelium. Ang II, Ang I, and TDP elicited a dose-dependent vasoconstrictor effect in both vascular preparations that was completely blocked by the Ang II receptor antagonist saralasin (50 nM). The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril (36 µM) completely inhibited the vasoconstrictor effect elicited by Ang I and TDP in aortic rings without affecting that of Ang II. In contrast, captopril (36 µM)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin converting enzyme; Renin-angiotensin system; Endothelium; Blood vessels; Captopril.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000500013
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Angiotensin II-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell growth signaling 56
Inagami,T.; Eguchi,S..
The mechanism by which Ang II stimulates the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells was investigated by measuring the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK 1 and ERK 2. Ca2+ ionophore was found to have effects practically analogous to Ang II. We found that the signaling pathway involves the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase, activation of the adaptor proteins Shc and Grb2, and the small G-protein Ras. Although the mechanism of AT1- (or Ca2+)-induced activation of EGFR is not yet clear, we have found that calcium-dependent protein kinase CAKß/PYK2 and c-Src are involved in this process. These studies indicate a transactivation mechanism that utilizes EGFR as a bridge between a Gq-coupled receptor and activation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; Type 1 receptor; Epidermal growth factor receptor; Vascular smooth muscle cells.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000600002
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Roles of mitogen-activated protein kinases and angiotensin II in renal development 56
Balbi,A.P.C.; Francescato,H.D.C.; Marin,E.C.S.; Costa,R.S.; Coimbra,T.M..
Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that angiotensin II (AII) participates in renal development. Renal AII content is several-fold higher in newborn rats and mice than in adult animals. AII receptors are also expressed in higher amounts in the kidneys of newborn rats. The kidneys of fetuses whose mother received a type 1 AII receptor (AT1) antagonist during gestation present several morphological alterations. Mutations in genes that encode components of the renin-angiotensin system are associated with autosomal recessive renal tubular dysgenesis. Morphological changes were detected in the kidneys of 3-week-old angiotensin-deficient mice. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important mediators that transduce extracellular stimuli to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Renal development; Angiotensin II; Mitogen-activated protein kinase; Angiotensin II antagonists; Sodium intake.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000100007
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Renal actions of angiotensin-(1-7) 56
The heptapeptide angiotensin-(1-7) is considered to be a biologically active endproduct of the renin-angiotensin system. This angiotensin, which is devoid of the most known actions of angiotensin II such as induction of drinking behavior and vasoconstriction, has several selective effects in the brain and periphery. In the present article we briefly review recent evidence for a physiological role of angiotensin-(1-7) in the control of hydroelectrolyte balance
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Angiotensin antagonists; Angiotensin II; Hydroelectrolyte balance; Renin-angiotensin system; Kidney; Water transport.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000400012
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Effect of hepatocyte growth factor and angiotensin II on rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy 56
Chen,Ai-Lan; Ou,Cai-Wen; He,Zhao-Chu; Liu,Qi-Cai; Dong,Qi; Chen,Min-Sheng.
Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The combined effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and Ang II on cardiomyocytes is unknown. The present study was designed to determine the effect of HGF on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and to explore the combined effect of HGF and Ang II on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal rat hearts and cultured in vitro. Cells were treated with Ang II (1 µM) alone, HGF (10 ng/mL) alone, and Ang II (1 µM) plus HGF (10 ng/mL) for 24, 48, and 72 h. The amount of [³H]-leucine incorporation was then measured to evaluate protein synthesis. The mRNA levels of β-myosin heavy chain and atrial natriuretic factor were determined by real-time PCR to evaluate...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; Hepatocyte growth factor; Cardiomyocyte; Hypertrophy.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200007
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A connection between extracellular matrix and hormonal signals during the development of the human fetal adrenal gland 56
Chamoux,E.; Otis,M.; Gallo-Payet,N..
The human adrenal cortex, involved in adaptive responses to stress, body homeostasis and secondary sexual characters, emerges from a tightly regulated development of a zone-specific secretion pattern during fetal life. Its development during fetal life is critical for the well being of pregnancy, the initiation of delivery, and even for an adequate adaptation to extra-uterine life. As early as from the sixth week of pregnancy, the fetal adrenal gland is characterized by a highly proliferative zone at the periphery, a concentric migration accompanied by cell differentiation (cortisol secretion) and apoptosis in the central androgen-secreting fetal zone. After birth, a strong reorganization occurs in the adrenal gland so that it better fulfills the newborn's...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Adrenal gland; Development; Human fetus; Extracellular matrix; Angiotensin II; Adrenocorticotropin.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001000006
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