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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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| Amâncio,FAM; Pascotto,VM; Souza,LR; Calvi,SA; Pereira,PCM. |
| This study applied a socioeconomic questionnaire designed to evaluate the frequency of intestinal parasites and characterize epidemiological, nutritional, and immunological variables in 105 HIV/AIDS patients - with and without parasitic infections, attending the Day Hospital in Botucatu, UNESP, from 2007 to 2008. Body mass index was calculated and the following tests performed: parasitological stool examinations; eosinophil, IgE, CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocyte cell counts; albumin test; viral load measure; and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-10 cytokine levels. Results were positive for parasitic intestinal infections in 12.4% of individuals. Most patients had good socioeconomic conditions with basic sanitation, urban dwellings, treated water supply and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Enteroparasites; Nutrition; Immunology; Cytokines. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000200013 |
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| Mather, David; Donovan, Cynthia; Jayne, Thomas S.; Weber, Michael T.; Chapoto, Antony; Mazhangara, Edward; Bailey, Linda; Yoo, Kyeongwon; Yamano, Takashi; Mghenyi, Elliot W.. |
| This paper summarizes and synthesizes across the results of a set of country studies on the effects of prime-age adult mortality on rural households in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, and Zambia. Each study is based on large representative rural household surveys. These findings have implications for the design of efforts to mitigate some of the most important effects of rural adult mortality, and for key development policies and priorities. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Sub-Saharan Africa; Mortality; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Health Economics and Policy; Downloads July 2008 - July 2009: 21; I11. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54571 |
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| Ueyama, Mika; Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| This paper examines the effect of AIDS-related mortality of the prime-age adult population on marriage behavior among women in Malawi. A rise in prime-age adult mortality increases risks associated with the search for a marriage partner in the marriage market. A possible behavioral change in the marriage market in response to an increase in prime-age adult mortality is for marriage to occur earlier to avoid women’s exposure to HIV/AIDS risks under the condition that the risks are higher during singlehood. We test this hypothesis using micro data from Malawi, where prime-age adult mortality has drastically increased. In the analysis, we estimate prime-age adult mortality that sample women have observed during the adolescent period by utilizing retrospective... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Marriage; Sexual behavior; Malawi; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42327 |
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| Mather, David. |
| There is growing concern that the HIV/AIDS epidemic may reduce long-term human capital development through reductions in child schooling in SSA, thus severely limiting the longterm ability of orphans and their extended families to escape poverty. In response, some have called for targeted schooling subsidies for orphans and other children made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS, on the assumption that such children are under-enrolled. This paper provides an overview of the data sources used by existing empirical studies that test for orphan schooling deficits and the methodological challenges that they face. It then reviews the empirical evidence on the effects of orphan status or adult mortality on child schooling, as well as the prevalence of orphans in SSA and... |
| Tipo: Working Paper |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Child schooling; Poverty; Sub-Saharan Africa; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119319 |
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| Mason, Nicole M.; Chapoto, Antony; Jayne, Thomas S.; Myers, Robert J.. |
| Since the southern African food crisis of 2001/02, the ‘new-variant famine’ (NVF) hypothesis first proposed by de Waal and Whiteside (2003) has become an important part of the conventional wisdom surrounding the relationship between HIV/AIDS and food crises in the region. The NVF hypothesis suggests that HIV/AIDS is eroding agrarian livelihoods and exacerbating the effects of drought and other shocks on agrarian communities. These concepts have begun to shape the HIV/AIDS mitigation and food security policies and programs of governments and development agencies. To date, however, there is a dearth of empirical evidence to support the NVF hypothesis, and there have been no studies specifically designed to tests its predictions. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Policy; Zambia; Africa; HIV/AIDS; Crop Production/Industries; Health Economics and Policy; Q18. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54489 |
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| von Grebmer, Klaus; Fritschel, Heidi; Nestorova, Bella; Olofinbiyi, Tolulope; Pandya-Lorch, Rajul; Yohannes, Yisehac. |
| With high food prices threatening the food security of millions of vulnerable households around the world, hunger and malnutrition are back in the headlines. The world is making only slow progress in reducing food insecurity, according to the Global Hunger Index (GHI). Some regions—in particular South and Southeast Asia, the Near East and North Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean—have made significant headway in combating hunger and malnutrition since 1990, but in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, the GHI remains high. Moreover, progress in Sub-Saharan Africa since 1990 has been marginal. The GHI is a tool developed by IFPRI for regularly tracking the state of global hunger and malnutrition. This year’s index reflects data until 2006—the most... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food Security and Poverty; Hunger; Undernutrition; Child mortality; Malnutrition in children; Food availability; Indicators; HIV/AIDS; Conflict war; Developing countries; Transitional economies; Countries in transition malnutrition measurement evaluation. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46014 |
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| Yamano, Takashi; Jayne, Thomas S.. |
| Using a two-year panel of 1,422 Kenyan households surveyed in 1997 and 2000, we measure how primeage adult mortality affects rural households’ size and composition, agricultural production, asset levels, and off-farm income. First, the paper uses adult mortality rates from available data on an HIV-negative sample from neighboring Tanzania to predict the number of deaths that might have been expected in the absence of HIV, and compares this to the number of deaths actually recorded over the survey interval in the Kenyan sample. Based on this procedure, only a quarter of the prime-age female deaths in the 25-34 age range and about half of the male deaths in the 35-44 year age range age range could have been predicted on the basis of the HIV-negative... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Kenya; Agricultural production; Adult death; Health Economics and Policy; Q18. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55152 |
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| Chapoto, Antony; Jayne, Thomas S.; Mason, Nicole M.. |
| Beyond the obvious catastrophic effects of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on mortality, demographic changes, and the suffering of individuals and their families, we are still only learning about the complex longer-term effects of the pandemic on poverty and vulnerability. For example, the HIV/AIDS pandemic has substantially increased the number of widow-headed households in Africa. A huge number of conceptual and qualitative studies highlight gender inequalities in property rights, and the difficulties that widows and their dependents face in retaining access to land after the death of their husbands. HIV/AIDS has undoubtedly exacerbated such problems. However, there remains limited quantitative evidence using representative survey data on the extent to which... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food policy; HIV/AIDS; Zambia; Land; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Q18. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54478 |
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| Yamauchi, Futoshi. |
| The institution of marriage plays some role in determining one’s risk of exposure to HIV. Since the transmission of HIV in the population is mainly through sexual activity, avoiding infection depends on risk-avoiding behavior. Consistently, empirical results show that excess mortality is concentrated in not-yet married adults aged 20-39 among both men and women. Therefore, the choice of when and who to marry appears to be related to risk of exposure. The objective of this paper is to determine the effect that schooling has on HIV/AIDS excess mortality, using panel data from South Africa. This paper tests the hypothesis that schooling affects when and who one marries and thus impacts the risk of mortality from HIV/AIDS. The effect could be negative or... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Marriage; Schooling; Excess mortality; HIV/AIDS; South Africa; Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42423 |
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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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