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Registros recuperados: 9
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A Politico-Economic Model of Aging, Technology Adoption and Growth AgEcon
Lancia, Francesco; Prarolo, Giovanni.
Over the past century, all OECD countries have been characterized by a dramatic increase in economic conditions, life expectancy and educational attainment. This paper provides a positive theory that explains how an economy might evolve when the longevity of its citizens both influences and is influenced by the process of economic development. We propose a three periods OLG model where agents, during their lifetime, cover different economic roles characterized by different incentive schemes and time horizon. Agents’ decisions embrace two dimensions: the private choice about education and the public one upon innovation policy. The theory focuses on the crucial role played by heterogeneous interests in determining innovation policies, which are one of the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Growth; Life Expectancy; Human Capital; Systemic Innovation; Majority Voting; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D70; J10; O14; O31; O43.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9552
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Working-Age Adult Mortality and Primary School Attendance in Rural Kenya AgEcon
Yamano, Takashi; Jayne, Thomas S..
The rapid increase in adult mortality due to the AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa raises great concern about potential intergenerational effects on children. This article estimates the impact of AIDS-related adult mortality on primary school attendance in rural Kenya using a panel of 1,266 households surveyed in 1997, 2000, and 2002. The paper distinguishes between effects on boys’ and girls’ education to understand potential gender differences resulting from adult mortality. We also estimate how adult mortality affects child schooling before as well as after the death occurs. The paper also estimates the importance of households’ initial asset levels in influencing the relationship between adult mortality and child school attendance. We find that all...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: HIV/AIDS; Kenya; Education; Health Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital; O12; O15; J10; Q12.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55159
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Consumer Cohorts and Demand Systems AgEcon
Gustavsen, Geir Waehler; Rickertsen, Kyrre.
The Norwegian purchases pattern of non-alcoholic beverages has changed substantially. The observed changes cannot be fully explained by changes in relative prices and income, and other variables are likely to be important. Cohort variables have not been given much attention in demand analysis. Our main contribution is to include age, period, and cohort (APC) variables into a demand system. The system is applied to purchases of non-alcoholic beverages. Wald tests show the importance of including APC variables. A Monte-Carlo analysis shows how replacing the APC variables with an age and a trend variable results in misleading age effects on milk purchases.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cohort effects; Demand system; Milk; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D12; J10; Q13.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51566
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The Fertility Transition: Economic Explanations AgEcon
Schultz, T. Paul.
Economic explanations for the fertility transition focus on the role of returns to schooling, especially for women, which have encouraged women to obtain more education and facilitated the rise in women’s wages relative to men’s. The private opportunity costs of children have therefore increased, and parents have been motivated to substitute child schooling for additional births Declines in fertility have proceeded unevenly, first across the high income countries, and more recently across the low income countries. The cross sectional differentials in fertility are also frequently analyzed in household surveys, suggesting parallels with the cross-country comparisons. At an aggregate level, states have simultaneously legislated socialized support for the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Fertility transition; Women’s schooling; Women’s wages; Child mortality; Labor and Human Capital; D19; J10; J13; N30.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28471
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Institutions and Demographic Responses to Shocks: Wuttemberg, 1634-1870 AgEcon
Guinnane, Timothy W.; Ogilvie, Sheilagh.
Simple Malthusian models remain an important tool for understanding pre-modern demographic systems and their connection to the economy. But most recent literature has lost sight of the institutional context for demographic behavior that lay at the heart of Malthus’s own analysis. This paper estimates a short-run version of a Malthusian model for two Württemberg communities from 1646 to 1870. Württemberg differed institutionally from the northwest European societies analyzed in previous studies. The impact of institutional differences shows clearly in differing demographic reactions to economic shocks. Mortality was less sensitive to shocks than one would expect, while nuptiality was especially sensitive.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Malthusian models; Mortality; Fertility; Nuptiality; Guilds; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Labor and Human Capital; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; N33; J10.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5977
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Lump Sum versus Annuity: Choices of Kentucky Farmers during the Tobacco Buyout Program AgEcon
Pushkarskaya, Helen N.; Marshall, Maria I..
Our study uses the data collected during the implementation of the tobacco buyout program in Kentucky to evaluate how rural households, diverse in income, age, family structure, location, education level, and other characteristics, made a choice between annuities and a lump-sum payment. Subjects in our field experiment did not have to retire or change their employment, as did subjects in many field studies of the choice between annuities and lump-sum payments, which allowed us to evaluate the relationship between the option choice and a decision whether to exit the tobacco market. Our results suggest that while discounted utility theory gives acceptable predictions of the farmers’ behavior, other factors have to be taken into consideration. First, there...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Annuity; Family business system; Intertemporal choice; Lump sum; Tobacco buyout; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Marketing; G11; H31; J10.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56647
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Does Where We Live Matter? Understanding the Link Between Obesity and the Market for Food AgEcon
Chen, Susan E.; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; Snyder, Samantha D..
Paper is under revision. Removed at author's request 10/27/08.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Incidence of obesity and overweight; Spatial lag model; Spatial dependence; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; C21; D1; I18; J10.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9682
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AN ANALYSIS OF THE RETIREMENT-CONSUMPTION PUZZLE FOR FOOD-AT-HOME AND AWAY-FROM-HOME EXPENDITURES IN GERMANY AgEcon
Drescher, Larissa S.; Roosen, Jutta.
According to Ando and Modigliani (1957), consumers pass different stages of a lifecycle with different impact on demand. The criticism that the life-cycle theory neglects generational effects and concentrates on ageing effects only has led to the application of the cohort analysis which decomposes not only age, but also period and cohort effects. Following these ideas, this paper presents results of a cohort analysis on food-at-home and away-from-home consumption covering 25 years of German consumption data. Special attention is given to the retirement-consumption puzzle which is the unanticipated drop in consumption after retirement. Results of seemingly unrelated regressions indicate that there are significant age, period and cohort effects of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Cohort analysis; Retirement-consumption puzzle; Food-at-home expenditures; Food-away- from-home expenditures; Germany; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; D91; E21; J10.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116441
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THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AMONG IMMIGRANTS IN U.S. METROPOLITAN AREAS AgEcon
Waldorf, Brigitte S.; Beckhusen, Julia; Florax, Raymond J.G.M.; de Graaff, Thomas.
Segregation by race, ethnicity and income is a persistent feature of U.S. cities and communities, and ethnic enclaves have formed ever since immigration became more diverse. For low-skilled immigrants in particular, settling in an ethnic enclave may offer important opportunities and facilitate coping with the new environment. However, immigrant enclaves may also foster occupational segregation and retard assimilation, with the willingness to invest in language acquisition playing a key role. This paper expands on earlier work focusing on the linkage between spatial segregation and language acquisition. Using data from the 2000 U.S. Census the study stratifies immigrants by their location in one of four metropolitan areas by educational attainment and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Immigration; Human capital; Language acquisition; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital; Political Economy; Public Economics; I21; J10; R20.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48643
Registros recuperados: 9
Primeira ... 1 ... Última
 

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