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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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| Romuald, Kinda Somlanare. |
| This paper aims at analysing the effect of democratic institutions on environmental quality (carbon dioxide per capita, sulfure dioxide per capita) and at identifying potential channel transmissions. We use panel data from 1960 to 2008 in 122 developing and developed countries and modern econometric methods. The results are as follows: Firstly, we show that democratic institutions have opposite effects on environment quality: a positive direct effect on environment quality and a negative indirect effect through investments and income inequality. Indeed, democratic institutions attract investments that hurt environment quality. Moreover, as democratic institutions reduce income inequality, they also damage environment. Secondly, we find that the direct... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Democratic institutions; Air pollution; Panel data; Income inequality; Investments; Environmental Economics and Policy; O43; Q53; C23; D31; E22. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120396 |
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| Bellettini, Giorgio; Berti Ceroni, Carlotta; Prarolo, Giovanni. |
| Using data on a panel of 56 democratic countries in the period 1975-2004, we find evidence of a negative association between political stability and economic growth which is stronger and empirically more robust in countries with high bureaucratic costs. Motivated by these results, which contrast with previous contributions, we develop a model of growth with quality improvements where political connections with long-term politicians can be exploited by low-quality producers to defend their monopoly position and prevent innovation and entry of high-quality competitors. This requires that the incumbent politician remains in office and that the red-tape cost advantage granted by political connections is large relative to the quality upgrade related to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Political Persistence; Growth; Innovation; International Development; O43. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55828 |
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| Ranis, Gustav. |
| This paper reviews the literature on the impact of ethnic diversity on economic development. Ethnically polarized societies are less likely to agree on the provision of public goods and more likely to engage in rent seeking activities providing lower levels of social capital. Initial conditions are important determinants of adverse development outcomes. The role of decentralization, democracy and markets as potential remedies are discussed. The paper then presents a number of preliminary hypotheses on the relationship between diversity and instability in order to stimulate future research. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Africa; Diversity; Economic Growth; Instability; International Development; O11; O40; O43; O55. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54531 |
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| Pendergast, Shannon M.; Clarke, Judith A.; van Kooten, G. Cornelis. |
| In 1995, Jeffrey Sachs and Andrew Warner found a negative relationship between natural resources and economic growth, and claimed that natural resources are a curse. Their work has been widely cited, with many economists now accepting the curse of natural resources as a welldocumented explanation of poor economic growth in some economies (e.g., Papyrakis and Gerlagh, 2004; Kronenberg, 2004). In this paper, we provide an alternative econometric framework for evaluating this claim, although we begin with a discussion of possible explanations for the curse and a critical assessment of the extant theory underlying the curse. Our approach is to identify natural resources that have the greatest rents and potential for exploitation through rent-seeking agents.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Natural resource curse; Petroleum resources; Unbalanced panels and GMM estimation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O12; Q32; Q34; O43; O47. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37913 |
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| Grusevaja, Marina. |
| Systemic economic transition is a process of determined radical institutional change, a process of building new institutions required by a market economy. Nowadays, the experience of transition countries with the implementation of new institutions could be reviewed as a method of economic development that despite similar singular steps has different effects on the domestic economic performance. The process of institutional change towards a market economy is determined by political will, thus the government plays an important role in carrying out the economic reforms. Among the variety of outcomes and effects the attention is drawn especially to economic growth that diverges significantly in different post-transition countries. The paper attempts to shed... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Institutional change; Governmental learning; Economic growth; Agribusiness; B52; D80; O43. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115364 |
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| Olayele, Bankole Fred. |
| A puzzling piece of empirical evidence suggests that countries rich in natural resources tend to have dismal economic performance. This paradigm has come to be known as the “resource curse”. This paper deals with the role of institutional quality in explaining the transmission mechanism of the resource curse. I attempt to explain this phenomenon by using the index of economic freedom developed by the Fraser Institute as a proxy for the quality of institutions. The outcomes of the linear and non-linear interactions between resource abundance and institutional quality turn out to be the key elements that determine the intensity, if existent, or otherwise of the resource curse. Rather than look at cross country data like many others, I focus on the 10... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Natural resource curse; Petroleum resources; Unbalanced panels; GMM estimation; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O12; Q32; Q34; O43; O47. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57805 |
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| Verdinejad, Fereydoun; Gorji, Yasaman. |
| In order to activate the cycle of wealth production, promote social justice and eliminate poverty and inequality, developing countries are currently faced with a multiplicity of structural problems. According to some economic theories, this is mainly due to inefficient or lack of access to financial resources, which has proved a major obstacle in activating the cycle of wealth production in such countries. On this assumption, countries with huge oil reserves including Iran, should not encounter obstacles in terms of creating and accelerating the national cycle of wealth production. However, the fact is almost all major oil-producing countries and the main exporters of petroleum products in the world are dealing with serious structural issues in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Oil-Based Economies; Iran; Wealth Production; Income Distribution; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O; O43; Q43; Q48. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91007 |
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| Registros recuperados: 19 | |
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