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COLOMBI, B. L.; HEINZ, K. G. H.; ZANONI, P. R. S.; MAGALHAES, W. L. E.; TAVARES, L. B. B.. |
Ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB), such as agricultural and forest residues, is known as the second generation (2G) ethanol. Carbohydrate fractions in LCB (cellulose and hemicellulose) are not readily available for microbial fermentation and they need to be released by additional pre-treatment and hydrolysis operations. This process is intrinsically more difficult and costly. In this study the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of the species Eucalyptus urophylla and the hybrid E. urophylla x E. grandis, submitted or not to alkaline pre-treatment with green liquor, has been evaluated. The hydrolysis was carried out with a enzymatic cocktail containing aggressive cellulases, high level of ?-glucosidases and hemicellulase at 6% (g enzyme/g solid),... |
Tipo: Separatas |
Palavras-chave: Espécie exótica; Second generation ethanol; Pre-treatment; Etanol de segunda geração; Pré tratamento; Hidrólise enzimática.; Eucalipto; Madeira.; Eucalyptus; Enzymatic hydrolysis.. |
Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1029093 |
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Alam, Md. Shafiq; Singh, Amarjit; Chavan, Prasad. |
Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of aonla shape, pre-treatment and drying air temperature on quality attributes of dried product. The aonla fruit was subjected to mechanical treatment to form three shapes i.e. spherical (whole pricked), cylindrical (15x35mm) and sheet (2 mm thickness) and were exposed to different pre-treatments i.e. untreated (UT), water blanching (WB), steam blanching (SB), blanching and sulphiting (B+S), sugar osmosis and salt osmosis prior to convective drying at temperature of 50, 60 and 70°C. The dried aonla (nearly 10% w.b) were analyzed for different quality attributes such as re-constitutional properties, vitamin C, colour and overall acceptability. The data indicated that re-constitutional properties, colour (L, a... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Aonla; Convective drying; Pre-treatment; Quality parameters. |
Ano: 2020 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3932 |
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BAKO, TANKO; VICTOR, UMOGBAI I; J, AWULU O. |
The effect of pre-treatment of mackery (Scomber scombrus) on oil recovery and quality was investigated. Fish oil was extracted using the screw expeller press after heat pre-treatment of the fish sample. The effect of cooking temperatures and cooking times was evaluated. It was observed that the oil yield has a positive relationship with cooking temperature. The oil yield increased with increasing cooking temperature at all the cooking times investigated and also increased with increasing cooking time from 5-15 minutes and then decreased for 20 minutes cooking time at all the cooking temperatures investigated. The results revealed that a highest yield of 22.8 % was obtained when the fish was treated at 90 0C cooking temperature for 15 minutes. The lowest... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Criteria; Fish Oil; Pre-treatment; Extraction; Oil yield. |
Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4021 |
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ASHKAVAND,PEYMAN; ZARAFSHAR,MEHRDAD; TABARI,MASOUD; MIRZAIE,JAVAD; NIKPOUR,AMIRREZA; BORDBAR,SEYED KAZEM; STRUVE,DANIEL; STRIKER,GUSTAVO GABRIEL. |
We studied the physiological responses of Prunus mahaleb (Mahaleb) seedlings to drought stress when previously irrigated (or not) with different concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles (SNPs). SNPs were applied at four concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 mg L-1) for 45 days, and then seedlings were subjected to three watering treatments including low (300 mL water every 3 d), moderate (150 mL water every 3 d) and severe drought stress (no irrigation) for 19 days. Results showed that gas exchange photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate were significantly less impacted by severe drought stress when seedlings were pretreated with SNPs at high concentrations. Beneficial effects of SNPs pretreatment were evident in the nutritional status of... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Pre-treatment; Silica nanoparticles; Drought; Stress alleviation; Photosynthesis.. |
Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-23722018000200007 |
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Crizel,Tainara de Moraes; Araujo,Rubilene Ramos de; Rios,Alessandro de Oliveira; Rech,Rosane; Flôres,Simone Hickmann. |
Orange fiber was used as a novel fat replacer in light lemon ice cream. Nine ice cream formulations were compared: standard control ice cream (IC); ice cream with fiber (F1) from the peel, bagasse, and orange seed (ICA and ICB); ice cream with fiber (F2) from the orange peel alone (ICC and ICD); ice cream with fiber (F3) from the peel, bagasse, and orange seed pretreated with hydro-distillation (ICE and ICF); and ice cream with fiber (F4) from the orange peel pretreated with hydro-distillation (ICG and ICH).The orange fiber reduced the ice cream fat content (50 %) and the overrun ratio and increased the fiber content and the hardness, gumminess, and springiness values, but it did not affect the adhesiveness and odor of the samples. The samples with 1.0 %... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Orange fiber; Fat replacer; Ice cream; Pre-treatment; By-products; Sensory acceptance. |
Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612014000200017 |
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