SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Blumenthal, Dana M; University of Minnesota; dblumenthal@npa.ars.usda.gov; Jordan, Nicholas R; University of Minnesota; perr0128@tc.umn.edu; Svenson, Elizabeth L; University of Minnesota; esvenso1@swarthmore.edu.

The potential weed control benefits of ecological restoration are rarely cited and largely unstudied. Nevertheless, the nature of many restoration target communities, i.e., diverse, late-successional communities, suggests that restoration may control weeds and that the invasibility of plant communities may decrease with both diversity and successional age. Given the high cost of weed control in nonagricultural land, weed control benefits could be a strong incentive for restoration efforts. We examined the cumulative effects of restoration on weed populations 7 yr after tallgrass prairie restoration on a Minnesota sand plain. The numbers and biomass of volunteer weeds were compared among randomized plots with (1) no restoration, (2) prairie seed addition,...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Community invasibility; Invasion; Prairie; Restoration; Succession; Weed competition; Weed control; Weeds.

Ano: 2003

Navigating the adaptive cycle: an approach to managing the resilience of social systems

Fath, Brian D; Advanced Systems Analysis, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis; Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University; bfath@towson.edu; Dean, Carly A; Advanced Systems Analysis, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis; carly.ann.dean@gmail.com; Katzmair, Harald; FAS.research; harald.katzmair@fas.at.

The concept of resilience continues to crescendo since the 1990s, touching on multiple fields with multiple interpretations and uses. Here, we start from its origins in systems ecology, framing the resilience concept explicitly in the adaptive cycle with the observation that resilient systems are ones that successfully navigate all stages of growth, development, collapse, and reorientation of this cycle. The model is explored in terms of the traps and pathologies that hinder this successful navigation, particularly when applied to socioeconomic organizations and decision-management situations. For example, for continuous function over the adaptive life cycle, a system needs activation energy or resources to grow, followed by adequate structure and...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight

Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Collapse; Development; Growth; Re-orientation; Resilience; Succession; Thresholds.

Ano: 2015

Extinction Risk in Successional Landscapes Subject to Catastrophic Disturbances

Boughton, David; Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service; david.boughton@noaa.gov; Malvadkar, Urmila; Princeton University; malvadkr@princeton.edu.

We explore the thesis that stochasticity in successional-disturbance systems can be an agent of species extinction. The analysis uses a simple model of patch dynamics for seral stages in an idealized landscape; each seral stage is assumed to support a specialist biota. The landscape as a whole is characterized by a mean patch birth rate, mean patch size, and mean lifetime for each patch type. Stochasticity takes three forms: (1) patch stochasticity is randomness in the birth times and sizes of individual patches, (2) landscape stochasticity is variation in the annual means of birth rate and size, and (3) turnover mode is whether a patch is eliminated by disturbance or by successional change. Analytical and numerical analyses of the model suggest that...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Catastrophe; Dispersal; Disturbance; Extinction; Landscape; Metapopulation; Patch dynamics; Patchy population; Succession.

Ano: 2002

Oak Persistence in Mediterranean Landscapes: The Combined Role of Management, Topography, and Wildfires

Holmgren, Milena; Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University; milena.holmgren@wur.nl; Mohren, Godefridus M.J.; Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University; frits.mohren@wur.nl.

Mediterranean ecosystems have been shaped by a history of human and ecological disturbances. Understanding the dynamics of these social-ecological systems requires an understanding of how human and ecological factors interact. In this study, we assess the combined role of management practices and biophysical variables, i.e., wildfire and topography, to explain patterns of tree persistence in a cork oak (Quercus suber L.) landscape of southern Portugal. We used face-to-face interviews with landowners to identify the management practices and the incentives that motivated them. We used aerial photographs and a Geographic Information System (GIS) to classify vegetation patch-type transitions over a period of 45 years (1958-2002) and logistic regression to...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Agroforestry system; Alternative ecosystem state; Cistus ladanifer; Land degradation; Mediterranean; Portugal; Shrub encroachment; Succession; Quercus suber; Vegetation transition.

Ano: 2010

Modeling Forest Succession among Ecological Land Units in Northern Minnesota

Host, George; University of Minnesota - Duluth; ghost@sage.nrri.umn.edu; Pastor, John; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; jpastor@nrri.umn.edu.

Field and modeling studies were used to quantify potential successional pathways among fine-scale ecological classification units within two geomorphic regions of north-central Minnesota. Soil and overstory data were collected on plots stratified across low-relief ground moraines and undulating sand dunes. Each geomorphic feature was sampled across gradients of topography or soil texture. Overstory conditions were sampled using five variable-radius point samples per plot; soil samples were analyzed for carbon and nitrogen content. Climatic, forest composition, and soil data were used to parameterize the sample plots for use with LINKAGES, a forest growth model that simulates changes in composition and soil characteristics over time. Forest composition and...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Climatology; Dunes; Ecological classification systems (ECS); Forest growth model; Forest management; Forest; Succession; Geomorphology; LINKAGES; Moraines; Northern Minnesota; Overstory composition; Overstory composition; Soil properties..

Ano: 1998

Disturbance and distributions: avoiding exclusion in a warming world

Sheil, Douglas; Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management (INA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU); Douglas.Sheil@nmbu.no.

I highlight how disturbance determines species distributions and the implications for conservation practice. In particular, I describe opportunities to mitigate some of the threats to species resulting from climate change. Ecological theory shows that disturbance processes can often slow or prevent the exclusion of species by competitors and that different disturbance regimes result in different realized niches. There is much evidence of disturbance influencing where species occur. For example, disturbance can lower the high elevation treeline, thus expanding the area for high elevation vegetation that cannot otherwise persist under tree cover. The role of disturbance in influencing interspecific competition and resulting species persistence and...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight

Palavras-chave: Coexistence; Competition-colonization trade-off; Competitive displacement; Competitive hierarchy; Elevation; Intermediate-disturbance-hypothesis; Source-sink dynamics; Succession.

Ano: 2016

Role of pockmarks in diversity and species assemblages of coastal macrobenthic communities

Community dynamics over a decadal scale at Logatchev, 14 degrees 45 ' N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Dubois, Stanislas; Derian, Francois; Caisey, Xavier; Rigolet, Carinne; Caprais, Jean-claude; Thiebaut, Eric.

We used existing bathymetric data to study the macrofauna of a geophysical pockmark field restricted to a benthic habitat engineered by the tubiculous amphipod Haploops nirae in South Brittany (France). Stations inside and outside pockmarks of different morphometric characteristics (location, size, depression depth) were sampled for macrofauna and environmental parameters (sediment characteristics, organic matter, chl a, hydrogen sulfide and methane concentrations). Diversity indices showed higher species richness inside pockmarks, especially for species with medium to high abundances. Most sediment cores showed low methane but high hydrogen sulfide concentrations. We hypothesised that after eruption, the remaining residual methane from pockmark sediments...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Benthic habitat; Biodiversity; Succession; Amphipod; Haploops; South Brittany; Sulfide; Methane; Environmental factors.

Ano: 2015

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00272/38333/36576.pdf

Gebruk, Andrey; Fabri, Marie-claire; Briand, Patrick; Desbruyeres, Daniel.

Hydrothermal vent community dynamics over a ten year span was studied in the Logatchev area, 14 degrees 45'N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. On the SERPENTINE cruise in March 2007 with the RN Pourquoi pas? and the ROV Victor 6000 (IFREMER), composition, abundance and distribution of dominant megafauna at Logatchev were examined and compared to published data from 1997. Our results revealed notable changes in several community characteristics. The most significant changes evident in March 2007 compared to July 1997 were the increase up to by order of magnitude in the population density of predatory gastropods Phymorchynchus spp. at the site Irina-2 and disappearance of a live population of vesicomyids at the site Anya's Garden. Other notable differences between...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Hydrothermal vent; Community dynamics; Succession; Phymorchynchus; Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis; Vesicomyids; Logatchev; Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13044/10156.pdf

Prolonged recovery time after eruptive disturbance of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent community

Seasonal variations of marine protist community structure based on taxon-specific traits using the eastern English Channel as a model coastal system

Mullineaux, L. S.; Mills, S. W.; Le Bris, N.; Beaulieu, S. E.; Sievert, S. M.; Dykman, L. N..

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are associated with seafloor tectonic and magmatic activity, and the communities living there are subject to disturbance. Eruptions can be frequent and catastrophic, raising questions about how these communities persist and maintain regional biodiversity. Prior studies of frequently disturbed vents have led to suggestions that faunal recovery can occur within 2–4 years. We use an unprecedented long-term (11-year) series of colonization data following a catastrophic 2006 seafloor eruption on the East Pacific Rise to show that faunal successional changes continue beyond a decade following the disturbance. Species composition at nine months post-eruption was conspicuously different than the pre-eruption ‘baseline' state, which had...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Succession; Hydrothermal vent; Disturbance; Resilience; Seafloor eruption; Colonization.

Ano: 2020

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00665/77686/79757.pdf

Genitsaris, Savvas; Monchy, Sebastien; Viscogliosi, Eric; Sime-ngando, Telesphore; Ferreira, Stephanie; Christaki, Urania.

Previous microscopy-based studies in the eastern English Channel have revealed it to be a productive meso-eutrophic coastal ecosystem, characterized by strong repeating patterns in microplankton succession. The present study examines the seasonal structure of the entire protistan community from March 2011 to July 2013, using tag pyrosequencing of the V2-V3 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene. A total of 1242 OTUs and 28 high-level taxonomic groups, which included previously undetected taxa in the area, were identified. The detected OTUs were considered according to taxon-specific traits, which included their trophic role, abundance and specialization level. Taxa differentiation based on specialization level rather than abundance was more informative...

Tipo: Text

Palavras-chave: Unicellular eukaryotes; Tag pyrosequencing; 18S rRNA gene; Succession; Generalists; Specialists.

Ano: 2015

URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00373/48454/48738.pdf

Succession on tin-mined land in Bangka Island

Naturalis

Nurtjahya, E.; Setiadi, D.; Guhardja, E.; Muhadiono; Setiadi, Y..

A quantitative study of floristic composition and vegetation structure was conducted at Bangka Island, Indonesia. Six different vegetation types were chosen, riparian forest, abandoned farmland, and natural regeneration of tin-mined lands of different ages: 0 and barren, 7, 11 and 38 years’ old tin-mined land. The seedling composition of the oldest tin-mined land was less than 2 % similar to that of a riparian forest. Natural regeneration on 7-year old tin-mined land began with herb species belonging to Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and Melastomaceae; followed by herb species belonging to Asteraceae and Poaceae on 11-year old; then by Poaceae and shrub species of Myrtaceae on 38-year old tin-mined land. Older tin-mined land tended to have less sand, higher...

Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor

Palavras-chave: Bangka; Succession; Tin-mined land.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/524986

Reproductive tactics used by the Lambari Astyanax aff. fasciatus in three water supply reservoirs in the same geographic region of the upper Iguaçu River

Neotropical Ichthyology

Silva,Juliano Pilotto Abelardino da; Muelbert,Adriane Esquivel; Oliveira,Elton Celton de; Fávaro,Luís Fernando.

The species Astyanax aff. fasciatus was investigated as regards differences in reproductive tactics in three reservoirs with different ages (Iraí, Piraquara and Passaúna) located in the same geographic region. The biological material was obtained through monthly collections carried out from july/2006 to june/2007. The average value of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) in Passaúna reservoir was significantly higher in relation to the values obtained in the other reservoirs. Spawning was total in Iraí reservoir and partial in the others. Allometric growth of the species was negative in Iraí reservoir and positive in the others. The highest condition factor value was estimated in Iraí reservoir, followed by Piraquara and Passaúna reservoirs, respectively. Females...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article

Palavras-chave: Characidae; Succession; Spawning; Condition factors; Sex ratio.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252010000400019

Modelling the Impact of Decoupling on Structural Change in Farming: Integrating Econometric Estimation and Optimisation

Hennessy, Thia C.; Rehman, Tahir.

Implementation of the Mid Term Review of the Common Agricultural Policy on farming in Europe is expected, and intended, to initiate structural changes in European agriculture. This impact of the agricultural policy reform will be triggered at the farm level with both up- and down-stream effects for agriculture in Europe. Modelling such a phenomenon is challenging. An integrated modelling approach, involving farm level optimisation models and exogenously estimated econometric models of farmer behaviour, is developed for Ireland; this framework is a general one and is applicable elsewhere. Entry and exit from farming, postulated as the main consequences of the policy reform, are estimated exogenously to determine their role in the allocation of farm labour....

ARRANJOS E ENCAMINHAMENTOS DA HERANÇA NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR

Palavras-chave: Common Agricultural Policy; Decoupling; Farm Level Modelling; Linear Programming; Succession; Labour Allocation; Agricultural and Food Policy; C6; Q12; Q15; Q58.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25271

Spanevello, Rosani Marisa; Lago, Adriano.

A problemática em torno da continuidade da agricultura familiar, expressa pela sucessão ou falta de sucessão do agricultor, reflete-se no encaminhamento da herança. É a permanência de pelo menos um dos filhos e a vontade de herdar o patrimônio familiar que garante a continuidade dos estabelecimentos. Estudos recentes mostram a falta de desejo dos filhos em suceder seus pais, especialmente às filhas. Assim, muitos estabelecimentos poderão não ter sucessor e conseqüentemente, inviabilizar a continuidade do mesmo, pois os pais não terão para quem deixar suas terras. Nesse sentido, é necessário entender como os agricultores estão procedendo o encaminhamento da herança, diante da possibilidade de ter ou não sucessores. Para tanto, alguns questionamentos guiam a...

Multiple Generation Farm Households: What Determines Primacy in Management?

Palavras-chave: Herança; Sucessão; Agricultura familiar; Reprodução social; Heritage; Succession; Familiar agriculture; Social reproduction; Farm Management.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113182

Remble, Amber A.; Keeney, Roman; Marshall, Maria I..

This study identifies factors that influence primacy between generations in the management structure of U.S. family farms. The paper fills an important gap in the farm succession literature by exploring succession (in management of the farm) as an incremental process. Estimation with cross-sectional data from the USDAERS’ Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) and a limited dependent variable model is used to explain the decision for older generation operators to retain primary farm management duties with a junior operator serving a secondary role. We identify a number of statistically significant attributes that explain variation in the elder farmer’s role (primary versus secondary) in management of the farm. Our results suggest that transferring...

Inheritance Law and Investment in Family Firms

Palavras-chave: Farm Household; Succession; Farm Management.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56513

Panunzi, Fausto; Ellul, Andrew; Pagano, Marco.

Entrepreneurs may be constrained by the law to bequeath a minimal stake to non-controlling heirs. The size of this stake can reduce investment in family firms, by reducing the future income they can pledge to external financiers. Using a purpose-built indicator of the permissiveness of inheritance law and data for 10,245 firms from 32 countries over the 1990-2006 interval, we find that stricter inheritance law is associated with lower investment in family firms, while it leaves investment unaffected in non-family firms. Moreover, as predicted by the model, inheritance law affects investment only in family firms that experience a succession.

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Succession; Family Firms; Inheritance Law; Growth; Investment; Financial Economics; G32.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50330

EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SUCCESSION PATTERNS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN'S DUALISTIC FARM STRUCTURES

Schnicke, Hauke Joachim; Happe, Kathrin; Sahrbacher, Christoph; Kellermann, Konrad.

This paper analyses the interplay between farm adjustments on individual farms in dualistic farm structures over time using an agent-based simulation approach. In particular, explore the development of individual farms when there are off-farm work opportunities and different propensities of younger farm successors to take over the farm. Results show that despite of large numbers of individual farms leaving agriculture, the impacts on land use, production, and income are independent on different propensities to take over a farm.

Which Italian Family Farms Will Have a Successor?

Palavras-chave: Dualistic farm structures; Individual farms; Generation change; Succession; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6668

Corsi, Alessandro.

The succession in family farm is a critical issue: it not only involves the transmission of wealth, but also of specific skills and of specific farm management techniques. Since a large share of farmers in Italy are old, the lack of prospective successors in their farms would imply that a change in the farm management will take place. In some cases this might lead to the abandonment of farms and to degradation of the territory. It is therefore important to explore the conditions under which a farm household can transmit the farm management within the household itself. In our paper we try to assess which are the determinants of the likely farm succession within the family and we test in a developed country the hypothesis put forward by Rosenzweig and Wolpin...

Family Business Decision-Making: Factors and Influences on Choosing a Successor

Palavras-chave: Farm household; Succession; Farm specific knowledge; Probit model; Farm Management; J43; Q12.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25500