SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Menghi,Claudia Irene; Gatta,Claudia Liliana.

Hydatidosis is a parasitic infection caused by the tapeworm larva of Echinococcus spp. Its relevance lies in its wide distribution, great number of clinical cases and outstanding morbility. Hydatid infection of the orbit comprises far less than 1% of the total incidence. This is a case of a patient from Argentina complaining of a two-week evolution proptosis of the right eye. A microscopic examination revealed the presence of protoscolices of Echinococcus spp. in the fluid obtained during the surgical proceedings. The patient was treated with oral albendazole. To our knowledge, this is the first case of occular hydatidosis diagnosed in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Echinococcosis; Orbit; Argentina.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000100015

Poor response to tuberculosis treatment with regimens without rifampicin in immunosuppressed AIDS patients

O'Donnel,M.M.; Souza Carvalho,S.; Gadelha,A.J.; Morgado,M.G.; Galhardo,M.C.G.; Lourenço,M.C.; Rolla,V.C..

A prospective study was conducted on 79 advanced immunosuppressed AIDS patients from 1997 to 1999, during which nine cases of tuberculosis (TB) were diagnosed. The main clinical and laboratory characteristics and the response to TB treatment were reviewed. The clinical manifestations of TB were: pulmonary (six cases), extrapulmonary (two cases) and disseminated (one case). These patients were being treated with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) and were not responding. In three cases an optional regimen without rifampicin (RMP) was indicated to maintain HAART during TB treatment. A clinical response to TB treatment (disappearance of fever) was observed in 6/9 patients during a mean of 73 days (SD = 96). The three unresponsive patients were...

Successful use of gentamycin as an antibiotic prophylaxis regimen to reduce the rate of healthcare-associated infections after renal transplantation

Palavras-chave: AIDS; Immunosuppression; Rifampicin; Tuberculosis.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000600001

Abboud,Cely S.; Bergamasco,Maria Daniela; Sousa,Ercilia Evangelista de; Zandonadi,Eliana de Cássia; Cortez,Doralice.

At our institution, we observed an increase in the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) due to Gram-negative bacilli, including three cases of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, among patients who underwent renal transplantation. In addition to strengthening infection control measures, we chose to add gentamycin to the antibiotic prophylaxis regimen of patients undergoing renal transplantation. We assessed the number of HAI occurring within 30 days of renal transplantation during two time periods: (1) the preintervention period, between September 2009 and June 2010, and (2) the post-intervention period, between July 2010 and April 2011. The intervention consisted of the addition of gentamycin to the surgical antibiotic prophylaxis...

Chronic hepatitis C virus in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Renal transplantation; Antibiotic prophylaxis; Gentamycin; Health-care associated infections.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000200021

Veras,Kelson Nobre; Jacobina,Kelson Sousa; Soares,Vítor Y. Rocha; Avelino,Marcela Amaral; Vasconcelos,Conceição de Maria S.R.; Parente,José Miguel L..

Knowledge of genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has clinical importance due to genotype 1 lower response to treatment compared with genotypes 2 and 3. The goal of this survey was to describe clinical and laboratorial profiles of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in the State of Piauí, as well as to expand the overall awareness of the distribution of HCV genotyping in Northeast of Brazil. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out between April 1999 and August 2005. A total of 153 patients were included, 119 (77.8%) males and 34 (22.2%) females; mean age = 48.01 ± 9.11 years. We observed a homogeneous distribution between genotypes 1 (50.0%) and 3 (49.0%), while the most frequent subtype noticed was 3a (49.0%). The mean viral...

Detection of genomic mutations in katG, inhA and rpoB genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates using polymerase chain reaction and multiplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction

Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Hepatitis C virus; Genotype distribution; Chronic hepatitis C.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000200011

Khosravi,Azar Dokht; Goodarzi,Hamed; Alavi,Seyed Mohammad.

OBJECTIVE: Isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF) are the most effective first line antibiotics against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mutations in several genes determine resistance of M. tuberculosis to INH, with the most common gene target of katG, and resistance to RIF is due to mutation in rpoB gene. The aim of present study was to assess the mutations in the regions related to RIF and INH resistance. METHODS: We characterized 80 clinical isolates of confirmed M. tuberculosis to analyze the most commonly observed INH and RIF mutations. PCR analysis and sequencing were used to detect mutations related to RIF and INH resistance. The multiplex allele-specific-PCR (MAS-PCR) was performed as a comparative assay and for evaluation of this method. RESULTS: The...

Dengue hemorrhagic fever and acute hepatitis: a case report

Palavras-chave: Drug resistance Genes; MDR Mutation Polymerase chain reaction.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000100010

Mourão,Maria Paula Gomes; Lacerda,Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de; Bastos,Michele de Souza; Albuquerque,Bernardino Cláudio de; Alecrim,Wilson Duarte.

Dengue fever is the world's most important viral hemorrhagic fever disease, the most geographically wide-spread of the arthropod-born viruses, and it causes a wide clinical spectrum of disease. We report a case of dengue hemorrhagic fever complicated by acute hepatitis. The initial picture of classical dengue fever was followed by painful liver enlargement, vomiting, hematemesis, epistaxis and diarrhea. Severe liver injury was detected by laboratory investigation, according to a syndromic surveillance protocol, expressed in a self-limiting pattern and the patient had a complete recovery. The serological tests for hepatitis and yellow fever viruses were negative. MAC-ELISA for dengue was positive.

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Dengue; Dengue hemorrhagic fever; Hepatitis.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000600011

Epidemiological aspects of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in older Brazilians: a comparative approach

Carvalho,Luiz Max Fagundes de; Câmara,Fernando Portela.

OBJECTIVES: To compare epidemiological aspects of young (15 to 49 years old) and older (more than 50 years old) AIDS patients. METHODS: We analyzed 511,633 AIDS cases notified to the Brazilian Ministry of Health in the period of 1980-2008 looking at sex, age ranges, educational level and exposure category. Patients were divided into three age groups: under 15, from 15 to 49 and over 50 years old. Using a comparative approach, we analyzed data with regard to category of exposure, education (expressed in years of schooling), and sex ratio among younger (15-49) and older adults (over 50 years old). Time series data were log-transformed and normalized, and the temporal trend was evaluated. RESULTS: AIDS incidence is increasing among people over 50 years old in...

Crusted scabies in a patient with lepromatous leprosy

Palavras-chave: Acquired immunodeficiency; Syndrome; Health of the elderly; Statistical analysis; Epidemiology; Risk factors.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000100006

Pedra e Cal,Alexandra Peres Paim; Ferreira,Cassio Porto; da Costa Nery,José Augusto.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000400399

Central venous catheter-related infections caused by Corynebacterium amycolatum and other multiresistant non-diphtherial corynebacteria in paediatric oncology patients

Carvalho,Ricardo Vianna de; Lima,Fernanda Ferreira da Silva; Santos,Cíntia Silva dos; Souza,Mônica Cristina de; Silva,Rondinele Santos da; Mattos-Guaraldi,Ana Luiza de.

ABSTRACT Bloodstream and venous catheter-related corynebacterial infections in paediatric patients with haematological cancer were investigated from January 2003 to December 2014 at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We observed that during cancer treatment, invasive corynebacterial infections occurred independent of certain factors, such as age and gender, underlying diseases and neutropenia. These infections were ssscaused by Corynebacterium amycolatum and other non-diphtherial corynebacteria. All cases presented a variable profile of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, except to vancomycin. Targeted antibiotic therapy may contribute to catheters maintenance and support quality of treatment. Non-diphtherial...

A 19-year old man with IgA vasculitis after vaccination

Palavras-chave: C. amycolatum; Venouscatheter; Paediatric cancer; Bloodstream infection; Non-diphtherial corynebacteria infection.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000400347

Malek,Alexandre; Gomez-Villegas,Sara Isabel; de la Hoz,Alejandro; Nowbakht,Cima; Arias,Cesar A..

ABSTRACT A 19-year-old patient who mistakenly received two doses of influenza vaccine 10 days before presentation, was admitted with malaise, weakness, and a purpuric non-blanching rash most prominent on the ankles followed by abdominal pain and hematochezia 72 h later. The diagnosis of influenza vaccine-related Henoch–Schonlein vasculitis was made. This complication, although rare, is the most common vasculitis related to immunization.

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Influenza vaccination; Immunization; IgA vasculitis; Henoch–Schonlein purpura.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000500442

Multicenter evaluation of resistance patterns of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Shigella spp isolated from clinical specimens in Brazil: RESISTNET surveillance program

Oplustil,Carmen Paz; Nunes,Rogério; Mendes,Caio.

Surveillance programs are essential to detect the increase of antimicrobial resistance, and several different programs are being conducted in many countries. The RESISTNET is a surveillance program for bacterial resistance against several antimicrobial agents initiated in 1998 among Latin American countries. In Brazil, several centers were invited to join this surveillance and a total of 11 centers (6 from São Paulo and 5 from other states) participated in the study. All results were analyzed using the WHONET program. A total of 894 Escherichia coli, 386 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 70 Shigella spp and 57 Salmonella spp strains were analyzed in this study from April, 1998, to April, 1999. Susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method using...

Laboratorial diagnosis of lymphocytic meningitis

Palavras-chave: Enterobacteria; Antimicrobial resistance; Surveillance programs; WHONET.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000100002

Almeida,Sérgio Monteiro de; Nogueira,Meri Bordignon; Raboni,Sonia Mara; Vidal,Luine Rosele.

Meningitis is the main infectious central nervous system (CNS) syndrome. Viruses or bacteria can cause acute meningitis of infectious etiology. The term "Aseptic Meningitis" denotes a clinical syndrome with a predominance of lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with no common bacterial agents identified in the CSF. Viral meningitis is considered the main cause of lymphocyte meningitis. There are other etiologies of an infectious nature. CSF examination is essential to establish the diagnosis and to identify the etiological agent of lymphocytic meningitis. We examined CSF characteristics and the differential diagnosis of the main types of meningitis.

Prevalence of hepatitis B among pregnant women assisted at the public maternity hospitals of São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil

Palavras-chave: Cerebrospinal fluid; Lymphocytic meningitis; Viral meningitis; Meningitis.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000500010

Souza,Marinilde Teles; Pinho,Tainá Lima Reis de; Santos,Max Diego Cruz; Santos,Alexsandro dos; Monteiro,Vera Lúcia; Fonsêca,Lena Maria Barros; Ferreira,Pedro Antônio Muniz; Ferreira,Adalgisa de Souza Paiva.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important worldwide public health problem. In Brazil, the Ministry of Health estimates that 15% of the population has had contact with HBV, and that the mean rate of chronic carriers in Northeastern Brazil is around 0.5%. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HBV markers in pregnant women receiving prenatal care at the public maternity hospitals of São Luís. Methods: Demographical and epidemiological data were collected from 541 pregnant women according to the research protocol. Blood samples were collected, and the anti-HBc test was performed first. If positive, the sample was subsequently tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. All HBsAg and/or anti-HBc positive samples were...

Recommendations for hygiene of masks and circuits in mechanically home ventilated patients

Palavras-chave: Pregnant; Hepatitis B; HBV-DNA.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000600003

Toussaint,Michel; Reychler,Gregory.

Home mechanical ventilation requires equipment, consisting of a generator of pressure, a tubing and an interface to deliver air to the patient. Instructions for equipment maintenance are generally not based on scientific evidence. Studies however have reported that tubing and masks used at home are the most commonly found as very dirty and contaminated. Dirtiness and contamination of equipment potentially expose patients to a higher risk of airway colonization, which, in turn, should cause respiratory infections. For this reason, published hygiene instructions include the use of disinfectant solution. Nevertheless, they generally fail to explain how basic maintenance may be achieved by simple cleaning with soap and water. The instructions for post-cleaning...

An unusual presentation of brucellosis: acute hepatitis

Palavras-chave: Contamination; Colonization; Disinfection; Home mechanical ventilation; Hygiene; Maintenance; Non-invasive ventilation.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000400013

Uluğ,Mehmet; Celen,Mustafa Kemal; Ayaz,Celal.

Molecular characterization of viruses associated with gastrointestinal infection in HIV-positive patients

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000600018

Silva,Raquel C; Benati,Fabrício J; Pena,Giselle PA; Santos,Norma.

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients worldwide. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the frequency of viral gastrointestinal infections among Brazilian HIV-infected patients with diarrhea. METHODS: A collection of 90 fecal specimens from HIV-infected individuals with diarrhea, previously tested for the presence of bacteria and parasite was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis for the presence of enteric viruses such as astrovirus, norovirus, rotavirus groups A, B and C, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and human bocavirus. RESULTS: Twenty patients (22.2%; n = 90) were infected with parasites (11 single infections and nine coinfected with...

Evaluation of the accuracy of various phenotypic tests to detect oxacillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci

Palavras-chave: HIV infection; Gastrointestinal disorders; Cytomegalovirus; Human bocavirus.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000600001

Perez,Leandro Reus Rodrigues; d'Azevedo,Pedro Alves.

In this study, we determined the accuracy of phenotypic tests (cefoxitin agar dilution, 30µg-cefoxitin and 1µg-oxacillin disks) to detect the oxacillin resistance/mecA gene among coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolates. The presence of the mecA gene was detected by PCR technique (gold standard). A total of 176 CoNS isolates from blood of hospitalized patients were evaluated. Of these, 138 (78.4%) harbored the mecA gene. Using 30µg-cefoxitin and 1µg-oxacillin disks we obtained 100 and 98.3% accuracy, respectively. In addition, when cefoxitin was used as marker in an agar dilution method, the higher accuracy (99.4%) was established with 8mg cefoxitin per mL breakpoint. Thus, despite of the agar dilution method using cefoxitin as a marker not being...

Strategies to reduce mortality and morbidity due to AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis in Latin America

Palavras-chave: Oxacillin; Cefoxitin; CoNS.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000300009

Vidal,Jose E.; Oliveira,Augusto C. Penalva de; Dauar,Rafi F.; Boulware,David R..

Latin America is the region with the third most AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis infections globally. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced the number of infections; however, the number of deaths and the case-fatality rate continues to be unacceptable. In this review, we focus on the burden of AIDS-related cryptococcosis in Latin America and discuss potential strategies to reduce early mortality from Cryptococcus. In this review, we highlight the importance of: (1) earlier HIV diagnosis and HAART initiation with retention-in-care to avoid AIDS; (2) pre-HAART cryptococcal antigen (CRAG) screening with preemptive fluconazole treatment; (3) better diagnostics (e.g. CRAG testing); and (4) optimal treatment with aggressive management of...

Erratum to “Barriers to treatment of hepatitis C in HIV/HCV coinfected adults in Brazil” [Braz. J. Infect. Dis. 14 (3) (2010) 237–241]

Palavras-chave: Cryptococcal meningitis; Cryptococccosis; Epidemiology; Diagnosis; Treatment; Mortality; Latin America.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000300008

Prevalence of phenotypic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B, ketolid and linezolid antibiotics in Turkey

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000200226

Adaleti,Riza; Nakipoglu,Yasar; Ceran,Nurgul; Tasdemir,Cihan; Kaya,Fatma; Tasdemir,Semiha.

The incidence of drug-resistant pathogens differs greatly between countries according to differences in the usage of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenotypic resistance of 321 methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 195 methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) in a total of 516 S. aureus strains to macrolide, lincosamide, streptogramin B (MLS B), ketolid, and linezolid. Disk diffusion method was applied to determine MLS B phenotype and susceptibility to different antibiotic agents. It was found that 54.6% of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin (ERSA), 48% to clindamycin, 55% to azithromycin, 58.7% to spiramycin, 34.7% to telithromycin, and 0.4% to...