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| Rakesh Sharma; Suniket Fulzele; Kiran Shetty; Mandeep Sachdeva; Bruce R. Locke. |
| *Aim:* A rapid ultra high resolution ex vivo MRI imaging method was evaluated to visualize rat skin structure. The main objectives were:1.qualitative assessment of viable epidermis, hair, oil and fat-rich skin features by multi-contrast approach;2.achievement of spatial resolution up to 15 microns; 3.comparison of skin histology with MRI skin features obtained by 21 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imager. 

*Introduction:* The ultrawide bore 900 MHz magnet has high resolution NMR magnet has a central field of 21.1 T. The high resolution MRI technique has potential for both quantitative and non-invasive morphological evaluation at micrometer level. The MRI signal was sensitive to water protons and glycolipid... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2639/version/1 |
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| Moïra Mikolajczak; Anthony Lane; James Gross; Philippe de Timary; Olivier Luminet. |
| Originally known for its role in childbirth and lactation, oxytocin (OT) has recently proved to play a key role in social behavior. Deprived of OT, humans are unable to recognize and to bond to their peers. Inversely, once boosted with OT, people become more caring, trusting and generous. Effect-sizes on trust and generosity were sufficiently large that OT started to be perceived as a natural drug that would make people credulous. But could OT really impede judgment and lead individuals to trust untrustworthy peers? Here we show that oxytocin makes people trusting, but not gullible. Namely, OT did not have a trust-enhancing effect on people who interacted with seemingly unreliable peers. These results emphasize that the effect of OT is much more... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3790/version/1 |
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| Shan-Huah Wu; Wei-Chun Chao; Chang-Fu Hsieh. |
| Spatial patterns of conspecific trees are considered as the consequences of biological interactions and environmental influences. They also reflect species interactions in plant communities. However, biological attributes are often neglected while deliberating the factors shaping species distributions. As rising attentions are paid to spatial patterns of tropical forest trees, we noticed that seven Center of Tropical Forest Sites and four Forest Dynamic Plots in Asia and America have presented analogously high proportions of species with aggregated conspecific individuals coincidently. This phenomenon is distinctive and repudiates fundamental ecology hypotheses which suggested dispersed distributions of conspecific tropical trees due to intensive density... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1670/version/1 |
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| Alexandra Chittka; Ursula Grazini. |
| During cortical development, neural stem cells (NSCs) switch from proliferative to neuron-generating asymmetric divisions. Here we investigated the role of Schwann cell factor 1 (SC1/PRDM4), a transcriptional repressor highly expressed in the developing nervous system, during NSCs development. We found that SC1 protein levels were down-regulated in newly differentiating neurons, while remaining high in undifferentiated NSCs, suggesting an asymmetric inheritance of SC1. Knockdown of SC1 in the NSCs led to precocious differentiation of neurons and its overexpression led to an increase in Nestin-expressing precursors. We found that SC1, through its amino-terminus, recruits the chromatin modifier PRMT5, a histone arginine methyltransferase that catalyses... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4926/version/1 |
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| Hiroki Asari; Anthony M. Zador. |
| Acoustic processing requires integration over time. However classical linear encoding models, which typically integrate over a few hundred milliseconds, have failed to account fully for neural responses in the auditory cortex. We have used in vivo intracellular recording to measure neuronal integration times in anesthetized rats. Probing with natural sounds and other stimuli, we found that context-dependent effects in the primary auditory cortex could last for surprisingly long, up to four seconds or longer in some neurons. Thalamic neurons showed only a much faster form of adaptation, indicating that the long-lasting form originated in the cortex. Restricting knowledge of the stimulus history to only a few hundred milliseconds reduced the predictable... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2282/version/1 |
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| Ajeet Ajeet. |
| The purpose of present work is to introduce the binding of existing drugs to the trans-disciplinary protein with the help of docking procedures. Docking procedures allows virtually screening a database of compounds and predict the strongest binder based on various scoring functions. This work has been performed with the help of Molegro Virtual docker, in which two drugs are docked with their corresponding and non-corresponding (trans-disciplinary) protein. Results reveals that the protein-ligand interaction energy, hydrogen bond energy and MolDock scores provided by molegro virtual docker, between legands (Levodopa and Acyclovir) and trans-disciplinary proteins have been equivalent or even better than that of between legands and corresponding proteins. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6702/version/1 |
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| Pinar Wennerberg; Sonja Zillner. |
| Formal knowledge about human anatomy, radiology or diseases is necessary to support clinical applications such as medical image search. This machine processable knowledge can be acquired from biomedical domain ontologies, which however, are typically very large and complex models. Thus, their straightforward incorporation into the software applications becomes difficult. In this paper we discuss first ideas on a statistical approach for modularizing large medical ontologies and we prioritize the practical applicability aspect. The underlying assumption is that the application relevant ontology fragments, i.e. modules, can be identified by the statistical analysis of the ontology concepts in the domain corpus. Accordingly, we argue that most frequently... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3522/version/1 |
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| Sierra Rayne. |
| Sumac is the common name for a genus (Rhus) with >250 individual species of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae. These plants are globally distributed in temperate and tropical regions and can grow on marginal lands, making them strong candidates for renewable bioproduct sources. Despite the extensive historical use of some members of Rhus spp. for tannins and other commercial phenolics, little is known about the non-phenolic components of extracts and essentials oils. The current review highlights opportunities available to extend these limited prior studies to other sumac species, and for obtaining value-added compounds to complement already established phenolic extractions in these commercial plant species. To date, a number of... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Plant Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5926/version/1 |
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| Jonathan D. Victor; Daniel J. Thengone; Mary M. Conte. |
| Because the space of signals that the visual system encounters is high-dimensional, investigations of visual processing and perception must utilize a sampling strategy. One kind of approach begins with a class of models for input-output relations, and then chooses a stimulus ensemble such as white noise that enables efficient determination of model parameters. A second kind of approach begins with the explicit recognition that it is important to understand the visual system in the context of the inputs under which it functions and evolves; this motivates the use of naturalistic stimulus ensembles. Neither approach alone is sufficient: models built from ensembles such as white noise provide only a fair account of responses to natural scenes, and the... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5794/version/1 |
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| Youn Jo Ko; Won Ho Jo. |
| Several prokaryotic ClC proteins have been demonstrated to function as exchangers that transport both chloride ions and protons simultaneously in opposite directions. However, the path of the proton through the ClC exchanger and how the protein brings about the coupled movement of both ions are still unknown. In the present work, we demonstrate that a previously unknown secondary water pore is formed inside a ClC exchanger by using an atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. From the systematic simulations, it was determined that the glutamate residue exposed to the intracellular solution, E203, plays an important role as a trigger for the formation of the secondary water pore. Based on our simulation results, we conclude that protons in the ClC... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2168/version/1 |
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| Koji Inui; Tomokazu Urakawa; Koya Yamashiro; Naofumi Otsuru; Yasuyuki Takeshima; Ryusuke Kakigi. |
| The cortical mechanisms underlying echoic memory and change detection were investigated using an auditory change-related component (N100c) of event-related brain potentials. N100c was elicited by paired sound stimuli, a standard followed by a deviant, while subjects watched a silent movie. The amplitude of N100c elicited by a fixed sound pressure deviance (70 dB vs. 75 dB) was negatively correlated with the logarithm of the interval between the standard sound and deviant sound (1 ~ 1000 ms), while positively correlated with the logarithm of the duration of the standard sound (25 ~ 1000 ms), indicating that the temporal representation of echoic memory is logarithmic. The amplitude of N100c elicited by a deviance in sound pressure, sound frequency and sound... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3652/version/1 |
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| Michael McCarthy; Colin Thompson; Hugh Possingham. |
| Conservation reserves are one of the most important tools for managing biodiversity. Ever since Diamond, based on theory of island biogeography, proposed that a single large reserve was preferable to several small reserves of the same total area, there has been an enduring debate about the veracity of his assertion. The so-called SLOSS debate - should we have a Single Large reserve Or Several Small reserves - features in every conservation text book and is central to conservation theory. Population dynamic models suggest that the design that minimizes the risk of extinction of species is case-specific, with the optimal number of reserves ranging between one and very many. Uncertainty is pervasive in ecology, but, the previous analyses of the SLOSS debate... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3387/version/1 |
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| Jianhua Wang; Xuebin Zhang; Dayong Zhou; Qingguo Wang; Dan Li. |
| *Purpose:* To investigate the MR imaging of _Bifidobacterium longum_ and _Clostridium novyi-NT_ labeling with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles.

*Materials and methods:* Tubes containing _B. longum_-SPIO, Free-SPIO, _B. longum_ and PYG Medium were incubated under anaerobic condition in _in vitro_ experiment. Transmission electron microscope and Prussian blue staining were used to demonstrate intra-bacteria nanoparticles. R~2~^*^ mapping and R~2~ mapping were reconstructed after MR scanning. _B. longum_-SPIO and _C. novyi_-NT-SPIO were injected respectively _in vivo_ to show whether it might be traced by MR imaging.

*Results:* Magnetosomes in bacteria were observed by... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Microbiology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3435/version/1 |
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| Zhongtao Zhang. |
| Here I advance a hypothesis that neurodegeneration is a natural process associated with aging due to the loss of genetic redundancy following a mathematical model R(t) = R0(1-αe(βC+γI+δEt)t), where the calorie intake (C) and immune response (I) play critical roles. The early onset of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease is due to metabolic imbalance or chronic immune reactions to various infections. Therefore, the potential treatment options for neurodegenerative diseases are to modulate metabolism and immune response. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6324/version/1 |
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| Meysam Shafiee Ardestani; Ebrahim Ghasemi-Nejad. |
| Abderaz Formation at its type section with an age of Turonian-early Campanian and a thickness of 300 m contains light grey shale and marl. The study of the planktonic foraminifera in isolated form led to differentiate three morphotype groups. The first group is characterized by trochospiral tests usually indicate shallow waters, the second group contains forms with strong ornamentations and the primary keels representing mid waters and finally compact trochospiral tests with keels known as deep water indices are included in the third group. Studies on the morphotypes showed a regressive cycle for Abderaz Formation. Also the planktonic to benthic ratio was calculated using Depth = e^(3.58718 + (0.03534 × %*p)^ equilibrium which explains that at the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2787/version/1 |
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| Nita Farahany. |
| Human behavioral genetics research has been introduced in the U.S. criminal justice system, and its use will likely become more prevalent in the near future. This presentation will discusses the recent attempts by criminal defendants to introduce genetic predisposition testimony to negate the voluntariness of their conduct, to negate mens rea, to bolster an insanity defense or as mitigating evidence during sentencing. Although courts have thus far limited such testimony, the opinions in these cases demonstrate a likelihood that such evidence will play a larger role in future cases.

To watch Professor Farahany's presentation, please see the "Google Video... |
| Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2565/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 3.453 | |
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