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Registros recuperados: 68
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Developpement des veligeres de Crassostrea gigas dans le bassin d'Arcachon. Etudes sur les mortalites larvaires. ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
Experiments in the hatchery rearing of C. gigas larvae showed that: the antifouling paints represent a real danger for spatting areas; the larvae of Arcachon breeding stocks grown in the seawater taken from the Bay develop normally in the laboratory; and, the growth of the larvae, collected from the Bay of Arcachon and reared in hatchery at 18 degree C, confirms that the last summer temperature regimes could not explain the abnormalities. It also confirms the good quality of the seawater of the bay for C. gigas reproduction.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Environmental effects; Veligers; Oyster culture.
Ano: 1983 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/publication-1835.pdf
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L'évolution de la maladie de la glande digestive de l'huître plate dans le bassin d'Arcachon et ses conséquences actuelles ArchiMer
Tige, Gilbert; His, Edouard; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Nous avions montré qu'en 1975 la maladie de la glande digestive de l'huître plate était responsable d'une mauvaise qualité et de mortalités importantes d'huîtres plates du bassin d'Arcachon (His & coll., 1976). L'étude des populations autochtones, captées successivement au cours des étés de 1974, 1975 et 1977 a été entreprise de mai 1977 à Janvier 1979. La croissance des huîtres redevient satisfaisantes ces dernières années; la qualité des mollusques s'améliore; les mortalités sont peut importantes. Le phénomène est plus sensible chez les populations les plus jeunes. Parallèlement nous notons une régression de la parasitose, tant au niveau des taux que des intensités de l'infestation.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Maladie; Mortalité; Arcahon.
Ano: 1979 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12627/9515.pdf
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Effects of copper chloride on the eggs and D larvae of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg). Preliminary results ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
Copper chloride is toxic to the embryonic development and D larvae of Crassostrea gigas and it affects t h e growth of the veligers at low concentrations.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1981 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00090/20166/17819.pdf
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Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas oyster larvae ArchiMer
Beiras, Ricardo; His, Edouard.
The effects of mercury (Hg) concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 µg 1-1 upon embryogenesis, survival, growth and metamorphosis of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) oyster larvae were investigated. Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50 % of the individuals at 11 µg 1-1 . The 48 h LD50 for D·shaped, umbonate and pediveliger larvae were 33, 115 and 200 µg 1-1 respectively. The increase in LD50 was partially explained by the larval weight increase, although weight-specific tolerance to Hg was higher in smaller larvae. Growth, the most sensitive physiological process studied, was significantly retarded at 4 µg 1-1. The metamorphosis rate was significantly reduced when competent pediveligers were exposed to 64 µg 1-1 for 48 h prior to the addition of the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mercury; Oyster; Larvae; Embryo; Bioassay; Ecotoxicology; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00037/14867/12191.pdf
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Nouvelle méthode pour étudier la nutrition de jeunes larves de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) en milieu naturel. Premières données expérimentales ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Robert, Rene; Chretiennot-dinet, Marie-josèphe.
This paper describes a new technique for isolating unicellular algae which are thought to play a role ine the feeding fo bivalve larvae. The results are compared with the data obtained from experimental culture of bivalve larvae under controlled conditions. Effectively ingested algal strains can be isolated by this technique. The food value of one strain obtained as monsopecific culture is demonstrated.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1985 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00021/13255/10301.pdf
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Sur un abces du manteau de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) ArchiMer
Grizel, Henri; His, Edouard.
An unusual abscess of the mantle is described. Microscopic examinations revealed an invasive infiltration of the vesicular connective tissue by leucocytes, and a typical pseudo-stratified epithelium.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: ANE; Arcachon Lagoon Crassostrea gigas Mantle Diseases.
Ano: 1978 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1978/publication-1964.pdf
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Mytilus galloprovincialis as bioindicator in embryotoxicity testing to evaluate sediment quality in the lagoon of Venice (Italy) ArchiMer
Annamaria, V; Chiara, L; Alessandra, A; Alvise, B; His, Edouard; Francesco, G.
The possibility of using Mytilus galloprovincialis from natural populations of the lagoon of Venice in toxicity bioassays based on embryo development, according to international standard methods, was investigated. In order to valuate this method for the lagoon, iterative steps including evaluation of reproducibility, sensitivity and discriminatory capacity towards some pure substances and environmental samples were performed. Evaluation of sensitivity towards a reference toxicant (copper) evidenced good replicability and repeatability. Results showed that natural population is better than hatchery population for performing bioassays. Evaluation of applicability to elutriates revealed that the method is able to discriminate among sediments of the lagoon of...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Elutriates; Autochthonous population; Reproducibility; Bioassay.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-4200.pdf
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Etude l'écotoxicité des sédiments dragues - Documents de synthèse et annexes - Projet du groupe GEODE ArchiMer
Quiniou, Francoise; Blanchard, Michel; Bocquene, Gilles; Burgeot, Thierry; Giboire, Louis; His, Edouard; Le Du, Anne.
La présente étude a pour objectif de sélectionner des méthodes de laboratoire et de terrain les mieux appropriées pour l'évaluation de l'écotoxicité de sédiments dragués : indicateurs biochimiques d'exposition (EROD et AChE), tests de toxicité sublétale (micro-organismes, algues, embryons de bivalve et extrait enzymatiques de poisson), indices physiologiques de bivalve (respiration, excrétion, mouvements valvaires). Une synthèse des résultats est présentée accompagnée, en annexes, des rapports des différents participants à l'étude.
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Ano: 1994 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00104/21573/19153.pdf
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Effects of dissolved mercury on embryogenesis, survival and growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae ArchiMer
Beiras, R; His, Edouard.
The effects of Hg concentrations ranging from 0 (control) to 1024 mu g l(-1) upon embryogenesis, survival and growth of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussel larvae were investigated. Embryogenesis was abnormal in 50% of the individuals at 10 mu g l(-1). The 48 h LC(50) for D-shaped, early umbonate, late umbonate and eyed larvae were 51, 164, 322 and 383 pg l(-1) respectively. The LC(50) was an allometric function of ash-free dry weight with exponent b = 0.60. Larval growth was significantly reduced after 6 d exposure to 4 mu g Hg l(-1) and after 10 d exposure to 2 mu g l(-1). No significant differences in lethal or sublethal sensitivity to Hg were found between M. galloprovincialis and previously studied Crassostrea gigas embryos and larvae. The implications...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mercury; Mytilus; Mussel; Larva; Growth; Embryo; Bioassay; Ecotoxicology.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00258/36946/35665.pdf
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Un dispositif simple permettant d'étudier le comportement des huîtres sous des conditions expérimentales ou des conditions naturelles de milieu ArchiMer
His, Edouard.
"L'étude de la physiologie de l'huître est d'un grand intérêt pour l'ostréiculture et présente un large champ d'investigations à peine abordé par les chercheurs". Cette opinion était émise par GALTSOFF en 1928, depuis une place de choix a été faite aux espèces américaines Crassostrea virginica et Ostrea lurida essentiellement, à l'espèce japonaise Crassostrea gigas, et à l'espèce européenne Ostrea edulis. Par contre peu de travaux expérimentaux intéressent l'huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata. Nutrition et respiration, excrétion, dépendent à la fois de l'activité ciliaire de l'épithélium branchial et de l'action du muscle adducteur sur l'ouverture ou la fermeture des valves. D'après GALTSOFF, l'absence de pouvoir de fuite fait que la contraction ou...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1970 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1970/publication-7002.pdf
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Evolution d'un gisement de Cardium edule lmk dans le Bassin d'Arcachon. ArchiMer
Deltreil, Jean-pierre; His, Edouard.
This paper traces the development of a new bed of cockles (C. edule) in the Bassin d'Arcachon, France. Details of the basin, numbers of cockles at various times of the year, growth, fishery and competition with mytilus edulis are considered under general headings and results are presented graphically: Main Shore Beds, March 1968 to March 1969; Development of the beds over that year; The Lagoon Bed, April 1969 to April 1970. Discussion relates to possible survival and exploitation of the beds.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Exploitation; Cardium edule; Bassin d'Arcachon; Cardium.
Ano: 1972 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1972/publication-2054.pdf
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Comportement de Crassostrea angulata Lmk. sous des conditions experimentales de milieu. Resistance aux basses salinites. ArchiMer
His, Edouard.
Portuguese oysters, C. angulata from brood ponds at Arcachon (salinity 27-28ppt) were exposed to lowered salinities and their valve activity continuously recorded. Down to 2 ppt, normal activity was resumed within 24 hours, between 8 and 11%, oysters, survived and adapted slowly, below 8%, oysters died. Sexually mature oysters are more susceptible and may die at 10 to 8% salinity, perhaps because the gonad is full of gametes. Oysters from different localities probably respond differently to changed salinity.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Arcachon; Salinities; Crassostrea angulata; Portuguese oysters.
Ano: 1972 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1972/publication-2053.pdf
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Relationships between metal bioaccumulation and metallothionein levels in larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to contaminated estuarine sediment elutriate ArchiMer
Geffard, A; Geffard, Olivier; His, Edouard; Amiard, Jc.
The bioavailability of Cd, Cu and Zn from a metal-contaminated sediment was studied using Mytilus galloprovincialis embryos and larvae exposed to sediment elutriates, The elutriate concentrations tested were always lower than the threshold at which abnormal larval development appears. The Cd, Cu and Zn contents of the sediment, of the elutriate and of the larvae, as well as the larval growth, the condition index (CI), and the induction of metallothionein (NIT) in the larvae were measured. The Cl was only affected after 96 h of exposure, principally at the highest elutriate concentration (25%, corresponding to 0.1435 mug Cd l(-1) and 14 mug Zn l(-1)). Cd, Cu and Zn bioaccumulation was observed (48 and 96 h), in whole larvae as well as in the cytosolic...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Sediment elutriate; Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae; Metal bioaccumulation; Metallothionein.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10119/7598.pdf
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Mytilicolas orientalis Mori : son action sur les huîtres du bassin d'Arcachon au cours de l'été et de l'automne 1977 ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Tige, Gilbert; Rabouin, Marie-agnès.
Le copépode Mytilicola orientalis Mori parasite de l'huître Crassostrea gigas du bassin d'Arcachon depuis le printemps 1977. Taux et intensité de l'infestation ont fortement augmenté à partir du mois de juillet. La parasitose s'est alors traduite par une diminution sensible de l'état d'engraissement des huîtres les plus atteintes ; les sujets maigres abritaient en moyenne quatre fois plus de copépodes que les sujets en bon état physiologique. Le parasite semble responsable des mortalités plus ou moins accentuées qui ont sévi sur l'ensemble du bassin en été et en automne 1977. Lors d'infestations massives et prolongées, une étude histologique nous a permis de constater une dégradation importante de la paroi du tube digestif des huîtres.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mytilicola orientalis; Crassotrea gigas; Huîtres creuses; Copépode; Infestation; Bassin Arcachon.
Ano: 1978 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00015/12629/9518.pdf
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Evaluation of biomarkers in oyster larvae in natural and polluted conditions ArchiMer
Damiens, Gautier; His, Edouard; Gnassia Barelli, Mauricette; Quiniou, Francoise; Romeo, Michèle.
Crassostrea gigas D-shaped larvae were subjected to different conditions of temperature and salinity for 24 h and four biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities) were measured. AChE activity decreased when salinity increased from 25 to 30 and 35 psu at 20 and 25 degreesC. Temperature did not seem to have an influence on AChE activity. TBARS levels increased as a function of salinity when the temperature was maintained at 20 degreesC, whereas at 25 degreesC no effect of salinity could be observed. Variations in GST and CAT activities were not significant with salinity and temperature except that catalase activity was higher at 25...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Malathion; Carbofuran; Abiotic factors; Crassostrea gigas; Mollusc larvae; Biomarker.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-686.pdf
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Sur la présence d'une cercaire de trématode chez cardium edule l. dans le bassin d'arcachon ArchiMer
Deltreil, Jean-pierre; His, Edouard.
The progressive reduction of the Cardium edule's (shell) areas of distribution in the Arcachon basin had led us, at the beginning of the year 1968 and after fishing season to become interested in the problem of the survival and exploitation of the only existing significant site in the most oceanic part of the bay, the Arguin bank's cove. The topographical features of the environment have been described elsewhere (DELTREIL and His, 1968). During this preliminary study, our observations had enabled us to define the factors responsible for the survival and growth of this population of shells. Competition from Mytilus edulis and the instability of the beach mean that maintaining this site is closely linked to a regular and abundant annual intake of spat. It...
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Ano: 1970 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1970/publication-3141.pdf
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Croissance des larves de Crassostrea gigas et de Mytilus galloprovincialis en présence d'algues monocellulaires isolées du tractus digestif des véligères du milieu naturel ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
The collection of Crassostrea gigas veligeres in their natural environment and the homogenate technique (HIS et al., 1985) enable the monospecific culture of nine algae which larvae feed on. Four of them could be mass-produced: Nannochloris atomus, Stichococcus bacillaris, Chlamidomonas bullosa and Tetraselmis Tetrathele. Their feeding quality has been tested using the cross-growth method, and using Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus galloprovincialis veligeres. Although regularly found in the homogenates, and thus fed on by larvae, the first three algae gave poor results. Only Tetraselmis tetrathele has good nutritional qualities for Crassostrea gigas veligeres.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Tetraselmis tetrathele; Chlamydomonas bullosa; Stichococcus bacillaris; Nannochloris atomus; Algues unicellulaires; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Crassostrea gigas; Nutrition; Larves.
Ano: 1986 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-6186.PDF
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Action d'un sel organo-métallique, l'acétate de tributyle-étain sur les oeufs et les larves D de Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Robert, Rene.
L'action de l'acétate de tributyle-étain, à des concentrations variant de 5 à 100 micro- grammes/l a été étudiée sur les oeufs de Crassostrea gigas en cours de fécondation. Parallèlement les mêmes concentrations ont été testées sur les larves D âgées de 24 heures.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Huître; Crassostrea gigas; Expérimentation; Larves; Reproduction; Sel organo-métallique; Acétate de tributyle étain.
Ano: 1980 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00009/11983/8687.pdf
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Biologie et physiologie des coquillages ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Cantin, Christian.
Monsieur le Directeur de la DEL m'avait chargé en 1992 d'une opération de formation-recyclage interne à destination principalement des "techniciens de terrain" afin de faciliter leur dialogue avec les professionnels de la conchyliculture ("expéditeurs"). Cette formation a donné lieu a diverses sessions au cours des dernières années, en concertation avec Monsieur le Chef du Département Qualité des Ressources . A cette occasion, un polycopié a été distribué aux différents participants. La Direction de la DEL m'a suggéré de reprendre ces éléments sous la forme d'un Rapport Interne . Le thème retenu était "la physiologie des coquillages", l'accent devant être mis sur la nutrition, la respiration, l'excrétion et la reproduction d'une part, sur le rôle des...
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Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00095/20628/18255.pdf
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Comparaison de deux méthodes de prélèvement pour le dénombrement des larves de Crassostrea gigas en zone conchylicole ArchiMer
His, Edouard; Borel, Michel; Robert, Rene; Laborde, Jean-louis.
La numération des larves d'huître dans le plancton renseigne les ostréiculteurs sur la date de pose des collecteurs. La technique utilisée est très ancienne (BOURY, 1928) ; pour chaque station trois prélèvements par traits de filets pendant 10 minutes sont effectués : deux en surface (filet 200 et filet 130) et un à 1 mètre de profondeur (filet 130). Une méthode par pompage avec mesure instantanée du volume d'eau filtrée a été mise au point (prélèvements en surface et à 1 mètre de profondeur, et rétention des véligères sur filets 200). La comparaison des deux techniques met en évidence l'inadaptation de l'ancienne méthode. Le choix de la porosité (70 µm pour les filets 200) est mal adapté à la récolte des larves D (stade 1) dont le nombre peut être sous...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Numération; Technique; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Larves; Naissain; Recrutement; Ostréiculture.
Ano: 1987 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-6444.PDF
Registros recuperados: 68
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