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| Registros recuperados: 39 | |
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| Chidmi, Benaissa; Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Cotterill, Ronald W.. |
| This paper assesses the impacts of the Northeast Dairy Compact (NEDC) and retail oligopoly power on fluid milk prices in Boston. Empirical results reveal that price increases due to oligopoly power outweighed those caused by the NEDC by nearly seven times. In fact, markups are estimated at approximately 25% of the retail milk price, translating into approximately a little less than $0.75/gallon. We also estimated that only around two-thirds of the raw milk price changes were passed forward to consumers. This helps explain why consumer prices have come down only little after elimination of the NEDC. In fact, the new milk income loss contract program, which basically provides partial price subsidies to farmers, has contributed to low raw milk prices that... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25212 |
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| Liron-Espana, Carmen; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper separates market power and efficiency effects of concentration in a sample of 255 U.S. manufacturing industries and computes welfare changes from rises in concentration. The empirical findings reveal that in nearly two-third of the cases, consumers lose as efficiency gains are generally pocketed by the industries. From an aggregate welfare standpoint, concentration is found to be beneficial in nearly 70% of the cases, mostly for low and moderate levels of concentration being particularly against the public interest in highly concentrated markets. Overall, the results support the existing U.S. Federal Trade Commission guidelines for approval of mergers. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Concentration; Marked power; Efficiency; Manufacturing; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25201 |
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| Bonanno, Alessandro; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper investigates the effect of in-store services on retail food prices, supermarket competition, and demand using fluid milk as a case study. It is shown that higher-service supermarkets charge higher milk prices essentially because of an increase in market power due to differentiation of service offering. Results show that different types of services impact milk prices differently, that upscale food-retailers face stronger competition in newer services, and that service competition results in a trade-off for the consumer between the attractiveness of the enhanced retail configuration and the increase in prices. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Retailing; Pricing; Milk; Supermarkets; Agribusiness; L81; D40; L66. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9833 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Spreen, Thomas H.. |
| This paper examines the potential benefits of introducing a new payment scheme in a sugarcane processing cooperative. Findings suggest that a use-value payment system would increase individual and total members’ net returns significantly over a sugar-based system. The proposed payment system would change the incentive structure so varieties with higher processing quality would become more appealing. In addition, the cooperative plant would be used more uniformly throughout the processing season and payments to members would be more consistent with their contribution to cooperative surplus. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46200 |
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| Chidmi, Benaissa; Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Cotterill, Ronald W.. |
| This paper applies the BLP approach to the demand for ready-to-eat cereals (RTECs) at the supermarket-chain level in Boston using IRI monthly data. The Random Coefficient Model is used to estimate the demand for 37 brands of RTECs at the leading supermarkets in the Boston area. The empirical results provide a wealth of consumer behavior information, including own- and cross-price elasticites for 37 brands of RTECs at four leading supermarkets in Boston. The demand for RTECs is generally price elastic (ranging between -3 and -8). Consumers respond positively and strongly to promotion, negatively and strongly to price, calories and fiber, and weakly to sugar content. Income has a strong interactive effect with product characteristics and thus is a useful... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19236 |
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| Huang, Rui; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| The rising obesity during the past three decades poses a severe public health challenge and spurred enormous research interests. This paper contributes to the growing literature on how obesity spreads by empirically investigating whether social norms affect soft drink consumption choices. Combining market level soft drink scanner data and survey data with consumer level characteristics, we employ reduced form regressions to test whether social norms of body weight affects per capita consumption of total or caloric soft drink consumption, on a market level. We also utilize a random-coefficient logit model to examine whether social norms of body weight affect consumer choices on a brand level. Our results from the market level analyses support that a heavier... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Social norm; Body weight; Food choices; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49480 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Sepulveda, Jorge L.. |
| The thrust of this paper is to identify and measure structural changes in the U.S. demand for sugar and to derive subsequent implications for import restriction policies. Empirical results indicate that changes in consumer preferences and the availability of closer and cheaper sweeteners in food processing, especially high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), are exerting a downward pressure on sugar demand. As the U.S. demand for sugar decreases and the food industry adjusts faster to sweetener choices, the U.S. government would have to impose more restrictive import barriers to maintain prices to domestic sugar and HFCS producers. Furthermore, the welfare impact of U.S. sugar policy options on domestic consumers and food processors will be lessened. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1985 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28960 |
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| Bhuyan, Sanjib; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This article systematically estimates the allocative efficiency losses in the U.S. food and tobacco manufacturing industries under alternative oligopoly pricing regimes using a formal model of oligopoly. Using 1987 data for 44 industries and an industry-wide oligopoly pricing scheme, these losses were estimated at approximately 3% of sales--2% in the food industries and 19% in the tobacco industries. Five additional oligopoly pricing regimes, four of which are price leaderships, are simulated and their results compared and tested relative to the industry-wide pricing regime. Findings underscore the importance of cost structure assumptions and that the impact of the type of oligopoly behavior assumed is not as dramatic when differences in demand and cost... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Food and tobacco industries; Market power; Welfare loss; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 1995 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15269 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Matschke, Xenia. |
| We apply the Berry, Levinsohn and Pakes (1995) market equilibrium model (BLP) to data from 30 brands of beers sold in 12 U.S. cities over 20 quarters (1988-92) to estimate the consumers taste for beer characteristics (price, alcohol content, and calories) as well as for the cultural region of origin (USA, Anglo-European, Germanic, and countries bordering the U.S.). Consumer heterogeneity is allowed with respect to age, income and gender. Overall we end up with 7,200 beer brand observations (30x12x20) and 13,920 (58 random draws x 12 x 20) consumer observations. Empirical results indicate that indeed there is home bias with respect to European beers and somewhat less so with respect to beers from bordering countries (Mexico and Canada). Home bias is more... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Home bias; Beer; Country of origin; Demand; Differentiated products; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7883 |
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| Chidmi, Benaissa; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| The increasing importance of services in industrialized economies is reflected in the relative importance of service in product offerings at the retail level. Yet, typical economic studies account only for physical product attributes in models of product differentiation even when conducted with retail data. In U.S. food retailing, the issue is very important as raw farm products account for only 19% of every dollar the consumer pays for food, most of the remaining going to services that do not transform the product but that add consumer utility and cost. In this paper, we examine this issue using the case of breakfast cereals in Boston in the context of upscale retail services provided by supermarkets. Focusing on ready-to-eat cereals (RTECs) allows us to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6579 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Munoz, Arnold O.. |
| This paper examines the forces that affected the Northeastern fresh tomato supply in the post-WWII period. A simultaneous equation model is developed which incorporates a composite price expectation model, supply response, and factors affecting regional price. Findings reveal that data are consistent with the Rational Expectation Hypothesis. Urban pressure played a major role in shifting supply response while shipments from competing areas had a modest impact on regional production or price. The positive elasticity of producers' revenue with respect to local production highlights the aggregate benefits of increasing yields. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis. |
| Ano: 1987 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28890 |
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| Gonzalez, Maria A.; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper uses Data Envelopment Analysis to measure scale and technical efficiencies of 925 farms in rural Colombia and a Tobit model to identify the effects of land market characteristics on efficiency. Findings indicate that although larger farms are more scale efficient, they are not more technical efficient than small farms. Participation in land markets increases technical efficiency, indicating a positive potential role for market-based land reform. Further results show that intensity of violence in rural areas results in increased scale efficiency, allegedly through consolidation of land ownership. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Productivity Analysis. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22202 |
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| Gonzalez, Maria A.; Lopez, Rigoberto A.. |
| This paper estimates farm household levels of technical efficiency and their determinants in Colombia, with particular reference to political violence (i.e., guerilla fronts, assassinations, kidnappings, and displaced population). An input-oriented stochastic frontier is estimated simultaneously with a technical inefficiency model that incorporates violence at the local level, using survey data from 822 farm households. The findings show that household productivity is lower in areas of high political violence, particularly with high incidence of guerrilla fronts and kidnappings. Should political violence be eliminated, the average Farrell's technical efficiency index of farm households in the sample would increase by an average of 6.4%, favoring households... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Distance function; Farm efficiency; Colombia; Violencia; Consumer/Household Economics; Q74; O13; O54; D24. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19528 |
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| Lopez, Rigoberto A.; Pagoulatos, Emilio; Polopolus, Leo C.. |
| The objective of this article is to provide an overview on constraints and opportunities for increased vegetable trade in the Americas. The realization of this potential will likely be constrained by the extent of the market, immigration reform in the United States, lack of investment capital in Latin America, high transportation costs of fresh produce, and quality and health concerns of consumers. Opportunities are more apparent in selected world areas (Asia, European Community, United States, and Canada), for high quality, fresh rather than processed vegetables with safe or zero levels of pesticide and chemical residues, especially due to consumers' concern for a healthier diet. Whether or not the potential for expanding vegetable trade will be realized... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26686 |
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| Registros recuperados: 39 | |
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