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	Provedor de dados Ecology and Society (1) Autor Dale, Ann; Royal Roads University; ann.dale@royalroads.ca (1) Palavra-chave Collaborative inquiry (1) E-dialogue (1) Interdisciplinary research (1) Multistakeholder process (1) Research methods (1) Sustainable development (1) Mais... Tipo do documento Peer-Reviewed Reports (1) Ano 2005 (1) País Canada (1) Idioma Inglês (1)		Ordenar por:  Relevância Autor Título Ano Registros recuperados: 46 Primeira ... 1 2 3 ... Última Coordinating to Eradicate Animal Disease, and the Role of Insurance Markets AgEcon Hennessy, David A.. Farmed animal production has traditionally been a dispersed sector. Biosecurity actions relevant to eradicating infectious diseases are generally non-contractible, and might involve inordinately high transactions costs if they were contractible. If an endemic disease is to be eradicated within a region, synchronized actions need to be taken to reduce incidence below a critical mass so that spread can be contained. Using a global game model of coordination under public and private information concerning the critical mass required, this paper characterizes the success probability in an eradication campaign. As is standard in global games, heterogeneity in private signals can support a unique equilibrium. Partly because of strategic interactions, concentrated... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; Coordination failure; Disease insurance; Endemic disease; Global games; Market access; Public information; Veterinary public health; Livestock Production/Industries; D8; H4; Q1. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7702 Re-examining the economic options for import risk assessments AgEcon Adamson, David; Cook, David C.. The economic impacts of altering quarantine policies are divided into two main areas: trade evaluations, utilising a partial equilibrium approach to determine the benefits of market liberalisation; or pest management economics, used to determine the on-ground impacts of introduced species. This paper rationalises why these approaches need to be brought together within the policy framework of import risk assessments to provide a greater understanding of the benefits and risks from market liberalisation. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; Pest management; Import risk analysis; Uncertainty; International Relations/Trade. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10365 Economic Aspects of Agricultural and Food Biosecurity in the United States AgEcon Hennessy, David A.. Concerns about biosecurity in the food system raise a variety of issues about how the system is presently organized, why it might be vulnerable, what one could reasonably do to better secure it, and the costs of doing so. After presenting some facts about US agriculture and food, this paper considers three economic aspects of the general problem. One is the global problem, or the way biosecurity measures can affect how countries relate to each other and the global consequences that result. Another is how to best manage the immediate aftermath of a realized threat in order to minimize damage. The third is how to seek to prevent realization of the threat. Some policy alternatives are also presented. Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agro-terrorism; Animal disease; Biosecurity; Epidemic; Food system policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9371 Australia’s biosecurity: future challenges for animal industries AgEcon Nunn, Mike J.. Australia’s very good animal health status faces a wide range of biosecurity challenges that will arise during the next decade from changes in disease risk, ecosystems, technology and the policy environment in which animal producers operate. An understanding of these challenges should help enable producers to adopt management strategies to make their enterprises more resilient, as well as help policy-makers make better-informed choices to maintain and improve the health of Australia’s animals and animal industries. Tipo: Article Palavras-chave: Animal health; Biosecurity; Climate change; Ecosystem change; Emerging diseases; Environmental change; Policy; Risk; Risk analysis; Technology; Farm Management. Ano: 2012 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122900 DAIRY '96, PART III: REFERENCE OF 1996 DAIRY HEALTH AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT AgEcon Ott, Stephen L.. The NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's dairy animal population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid sample yielding 2,542 producers. Included in the study were 20 states that represented 83.1 percent of the U.S. milk cows as of January 1, 1996. Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) and Animal Health Technicians (AHT's) collected data for Part III from 1,219 operations that had 30 or more milk cows on January 1, 1996, from February 20 through May 24, 1996. Contact for this paper: Steven Ott Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Health; Mastitis; Labor; Antibiotics; Biosecurity; Vaccination; Manure management; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32752 Using involvement to understand responses to biosecurity AgEcon Bewsell, Denise; Bigsby, Hugh R.; Cullen, Ross. The effectiveness of biosecurity measures at national borders is influenced by the behaviour and levels of involvement of travellers. Involvement is the importance or relevance of an object or situation to an individual. Involvement helps regulate the way in which people receive and process information and thus influences the extent of information searching for decision making, and information processing and persuasion. In this study, we drew on the concept of involvement to investigate the response of individuals to New Zealand biosecurity requirements. A range of people associated with the agricultural and food processing sectors were surveyed using a five item scale of involvement to measure their level of involvement in biosecurity. The results... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Behaviour; Involvement; Biosecurity; Travellers; Information processing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97134 Behavioral Incentives, Equilibrium Endemic Disease, and Health Management Policy for Farmed Animals AgEcon Hennessy, David A.. We develop a dynamic capital valuation model in which each farm can take an action with farm-varying cost to increase the probability of not contracting a disease. In the presence of infection externalities, circumstances are identified under which multiple equilibria exist and where the one involving the most extensive set of action takers is socially optimal. It is suggested that costly capital markets are one factor in determining the extent of endemic disease in a region. The introduction of frictions, such as dealing with a cumbersome veterinary public health bureaucracy, can enhance social welfare by encouraging precautionary biosecurity actions. Some technical innovations can reduce social welfare. The model is also extended to study a voluntary... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; Continuous time; Multiple equilibria; Nash behavior; Reinfection; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18330 DAIRY '96, PART II: CHANGES IN THE U.S. DAIRY INDUSTRY: 1991-1996 AgEcon Ott, Stephen L.. The NAHMS Dairy '96 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's dairy animal population for education and research. This report contains demographic changes of the U.S. and world dairy industry from a historical perspective from data provided by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Census of Agriculture, and Foreign Agriculture Service. Results of two NAHMS national studies overview changes in the U.S. dairy industry in the 5-year period of 1991 to 1996. The 1991 National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project included herds of 30 or more milk cows and heifer-rearing operations in 28 states representing 83 percent of U.S. milk cows. NAHMS Dairy '96 described dairy production for operations... Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Demographics; Breed; Rolling herd average; Milk; Feed; Weaning; Vaccination; Morbidity; Mortality; Housing; Biosecurity; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32741 Establishing a benefits transfer database for biosecurity decision making an indigenous biodiversity AgEcon Bell, Brian A.; Cudby, Charlotte; Yap, Michael. An imbalance of quantitative information on pest and disease impacts hampers biosecurity decision-making; there is relatively good information about impacts on industry, but relatively poor information about how society values the impacts on indigenous biodiversity. A benefits transfer process based on a database of choice experiments could help to redress this imbalance. This paper: briefly reviews four choice experiments that will be the foundation of a database; reviews benefit transfer literature; and sets out framework ideas for a Decision Support System (DSS), which will incorporate biodiversity values via a process for benefit transfer to facilitate more informed biosecurity decisions. Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Benefit transfer; Database; Biosecurity; Biodiversity; Decision support system; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47621 Assessing the marginal dollar value losses to an estuarine ecosystem from an aggressive alien invasive crab AgEcon Bell, Brian A.; Menzies, Sharon; Yap, Michael; Kerr, Geoffrey N.. This paper reports on a case study to establish dollar values for loss of biodiversity in the New Zealand coastal marine environment. The study uses the European Shore Crab (Carcinas maenas) as the example alien invasive species and the Pauatahanui Inlet, Wellington, New Zealand, as the ecosystem representative of the coastal marine environment. Choice modelling is the stated preference tool used to elicit marginal dollar values for these various attributes of the inlet. Reallocation of existing government expenditure is used as the payment mechanism. Results indicate a wide range of dollar values for the marginal losses to the environment, with no clear trend on a distance-decay relationship. The probability distributions of the dollar values of the... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Choice modelling; Tax reallocation; Biosecurity; Coastal marine; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/5978 Technical Barrier Effects of a Food Safety Measure – a Case of Finnish Salmonella Control Program AgEcon Niemi, Jyrki S.; Peltola, Jukka; Simola, Antti. In this paper, indirect costs of Finnish Salmonella Control Program (FSCP) due to its trade effects are evaluated. FSCP is a part of Finnish biosecurity policies intended to shield Finnish food supply and consumption chain from salmonella outbreaks. The program directly increases costs of importing by e.g. requiring costly certificates for imports. Additionally, it may cause anxiety to suppliers of imports as there are added uncertainties in the import process. As similar requirements apply to domestic suppliers, the program should not be thought of as a technical trade barrier (TBT), however, it may affect trade flows indirectly and effects may be assessed in a similar manner as those of TBT’s. The evaluation of the trade effects is performed using a... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International trade; Biosecurity; Welfare analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43953 Measuring the benefits of farm animal health AgEcon Stott, Alistair W.; Brulisauer, Franz; Fraser, Fiona; Gunn, George J.. A methodology is described to establish the relative financial benefit of farm animal disease prevention (biosecurity). This methodology is demonstrated using the example of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) incursion on beef suckler farms in Scotland. A random sample of 276 herds was taken and a proportion of young stock on each farm tested for previous exposure to BVDV. There was evidence that 0.4 of herds had been exposed over one year prior to sampling. All herds completed a questionnaire about their biosecurity practices. The influence of these practices on relative risk of BVDV was subjected to a Chi squared test and practices ranked accordingly. Most important risk factors were animal buying in strategy, farm size and a single farm boundary. The... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Biosecurity; BVD; Economic Impact. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51077 SWINE '95 PART II: REFERENCE OF 1995 U.S. GROWER/FINISHER HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AgEcon Bush, Eric J.. This report is the second of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study, the Swine '95 Grower/Finisher. The 1990 National Swine Survey focused on farrowing sows and preweaning piglets. For the Swine '95 Study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data collected for the study represented the top 16 pork states and nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory, as well as nearly three fourths of the nation's pork producers. Data for this report were collected from 418 producers whose operations had 300 or... Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Grower/finisher; Feed; Antibiotics; Waste management; Disease; Salmonella; Marketing; Slaughter; Biosecurity; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32770 A Rule of Thumb for Controlling Invasive Weeds: An Application to Hawkweed in Australia AgEcon Kompas, Tom; Chu, Long. We use a bang-bang optimal control model to derive a rule of thumb for an optimal management of invasive weeds, in terms of the marginal benefits and costs of various control actions. Instead of determining the size of infestation under an optimal surveillance measure, the rule specifies the types of land where an invasive weed should be first prevented from establishment, and under what conditions control should be initiated. The types of land are modeled via the heterogeneous vulnerability of land to the weed and likely infestation. This easy-to-use rule is applied to determine how hawkweed should be controlled in Australia, across three potential control strategies: containment, eradication and no action. We investigate this rule-of-thumb in both... Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Stochastic optimal control; Biosecurity; Invasive weed management; Hawkweed; Crop Production/Industries. Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95046 Economies of Feedlot Scale, Biosecurity, Investment, and Endemic Livestock Disease AgEcon Hennessy, David A.. Infectious livestock disease creates externalities for proximate animal production enterprises. The distribution of production scale within a region should influence and be influenced by these disease externalities. Taking the distribution of the unit costs of stocking an animal as primitive, we show that an increase in the variance of these unit costs reduces consumer surplus. The effect on producer surplus, total surplus, and animal concentration across feedlots depends on the demand elasticity. A subsidy to smaller herds can reduce social welfare and immiserize the farm sector by increasing the extent of disease. While Nash behavior involves excessive stocking, disease effects can be such that aggregate output declines relative to first-best. Disease... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural industrialization; Biosecurity; Inefficiency; Nash behavior; Overinvestment; Technology adoption; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18623 The Costs of Biosecurity at the Farm Level: the Case of Finnish Broiler AgEcon Siekkinen, K.-M.; Heikkila, Jaakko; Tammiranta, N.; Rosengren, H.. In the European Union, the animal health and food safety strategy includes managing biosecurity along the entire production chain. Farm-level biosecurity provides the foundation for this. However, the farm-level costs of preventive biosecurity have rarely been assessed. Yet many risk management practices are in place constantly regardless of whether there is a disease outbreak or not. We contribute towards filling this information gap by studying the costs incurred in preventive biosecurity by the Finnish poultry farms. In a preliminary analysis, we find that the cost of biosecurity is some 3.55 cents per bird for broiler producers and 75.7 cents per bird for hatching egg producers. The results indicate that work-time devoted to biosecurity represents some... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; On-farm costs; Poultry; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44240 EQUINE '98, PART II: BASELINE REFERENCE OF 1998 EQUINE HEALTH AND MANAGEMENT AgEcon Garber, Lindsey. The NAHMS Equine '98 Study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's equine population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid sample such that inferences can be made for all places with equids and for all equids in the participating states. Included in the study were 28 states that accounted for 78.2 percent of the U.S. horses and ponies and 78.0 percent of farms with horses and ponies. NASS interviewers collected data from 2,904 participants via questionnaire from March 16 through April 10, 1998 for Part II. Contact for this paper: Lindsey Garber Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Equine; Equids; Population; Biosecurity; Animal movement; Nutrition; Pasture; Bedding; Manure; Livestock Production/Industries. Ano: 1998 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32769 Valuing indigenous biodiversity in the freshwater environment AgEcon Bell, Brian A.; Yap, Michael; Cudby, Charlotte. Biosecurity incursion response decisions require timely, high quality information involving science and economics. The value of the impact on indigenous biodiversity is a key aspect of the economics typically involving cost-benefit analysis. The hypothetical incursion of Biosecurity New Zealand’s top priority weed hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) in a typical New Zealand lake (Lake Rotoroa otherwise known as Hamilton Lake) elicits dollar values of impacts on indigenous biodiversity in a freshwater environment. Using the stated preference tool, Choice Modelling, the experimental design was maximised for efficiency of Willingness to Pay (WTP) estimation. The survey method of community meetings of four population samples at varying distances to the incursion... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Non-market valuation; Biosecurity; Biodiversity; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use. Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97128 Allocating Vote: Biosecurity - Towards an "Economics-Based" Approach for Setting Priorities for the Importation of Risk Goods AgEcon Ryan, Michael. The New Zealand government (through its agency the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, MAF) seeks to mitigate the potential negative impacts of importation through requiring commodities that may pose a risk to New Zealand's primary production systems, human health, indigenous flora, fauna or biodiversity to have an import health standard. Given, potential import opportunities exist in a wide variety of commodities from many different countries, the demand for import health standards far outweighs MAF's available resources to develop them. Therefore MAF must have a framework that prioritises which import health standards will be developed. This paper briefly presents the framework MAF is currently using to undertake the prioritisation of import health... Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Prioritisation; Biosecurity; Multiple criteria decision making; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; International Relations/Trade. Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31949 Security Analysis for Agroterrorism: Applying the Threat, Vulnerability, Consequence Framework to Developing Countries AgEcon Linacre, Nicholas A.; Koo, Bonwoo; Rosegrant, Mark W.; Msangi, Siwa; Falck-Zepeda, Jose Benjamin; Gaskell, Joanne; Komen, John; Cohen, Marc J.; Birner, Regina. In some developing countries the potential exists for agroterrorism to cause widespread disruption through loss of sustenance, income and production. Defense of agriculture may also be problematic because of the lack stability and basic biosecurity infrastructure for the detection and prevention of diseases or invasive species. Currently new methodological approaches for terrorism risk assessments are being actively explored for resource prioritization. One such methodology for risk based allocation of resources is Threat, Vulnerability, and Consequence (TVC) Analysis. A qualitative application of the TVC framework is used to analyze the risk of agroterrorism in developing countries relative to industrialized countries. The analysis suggests that evidence... Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agroterrorism; Terrorism risk analysis; Biosecurity; International Development; International Relations/Trade. Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59238 Registros recuperados: 46 Primeira ... 1 2 3 ... Última

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