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Registros recuperados: 53
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Correlation essais-calcul pour materiaux composites en application marine ArchiMer
Choqueuse, Dominique; Davies, Peter; Bigourdan, Benoit.
The use of finite element calculations is valuable in the design of composite structures, but few examples of correlations between measured behaviour and finite element calculations are currently available. After definition of a representative type of structure (a stiffened sandwich boat hull), and construction of a test set-up allowing the loading of such panels (uniform pressure loading of 1 m by 2 m panels), modelling was performed in four laboratories using different finite element codes. The results obtained (deflections and strains) have been correlated with test results. A satisfactory correlation is obtained for deflections (differences around 20% for the central deflection) but the correlation between measured and calculated strains is less...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Tests; Materials testing; Ship technology; Ship design; Composite materials; Raidisseur; Mousse PVC; Panneau sandwich; Clément fini; Pression répartie.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1046.pdf
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Superstructures en matériaux composites ArchiMer
Lelan, J; Parneix, P; Gueguen, P.
Composite materials offer many advantages for the construction of metal hull ships' superstructures (lower weight, higher resistance to fire compared to aluminium alloy, integration of specific functions to the material ...). DCN Lorient has the most of these characteristics to build the "La Fayette" class frigate superstructures. This paper discusses the developments that were undertaken for the choice and validation of the technical solutions retained and particularly the connection to a metal hull. The difficulties to be resolved during the manufacturing and assembly of the superstructures on board the prototype are also discussed. This concept can be applied to other types of ships with metal hulls, by adapting the technological choices to the design...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Joints; Ship design; Ships; Ship technology; Composite materials; Assemblage acier/composite; Composite; Navire; Superstructure.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1067.pdf
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Recherche de defauts de collage dans les structures sandwich ArchiMer
Darold, L; Blanco, E.
One of the major defects that can be found on composite sandwich structures is poor bonding of the core on the exterior skins, particularly with the technique of bonding under vacuum. Therefore, we have looked at all the possible means of detecting these bonding defects, with two objectives: to be able to control integrally a piece of large dimensions, and to be able to control the piece in the course of manufacturing, that is to say after the bonding on the first skin. All of the non-destructive test methods now known have therefore been tested, and in particularly infrared thermography, ultrasonic control, and acoustic methods. This study, carried out in collaboration with the CETIM, the STCAN, Aerospatiale and other laboratories and companies without...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Adhesion; Ship technology; Composite materials; Contrôle non destructif; Structure sandwich.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1049.pdf
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Specific features of flax fibres used to manufacture composite materials ArchiMer
Baley, Christophe; Gomina, Moussa; Breard, Joel; Bourmaud, Alain; Drapier, Sylvain; Ferreira, Manuela; Le Duigou, Antoine; Liotier, Pierre Jacques; Ouagne, Pierre; Soulat, Damien; Davies, Peter.
The use of composite materials reinforced by flax fibres has been increasing steadily over the last 20 years. These fibres show attractive mechanical properties but also some particularities (naturally limited length, presence of a lumen, fibres grouped in bundles in the plant, complex surface properties and composition). An analysis of the available literature indicates that the quality of the composite materials studied is not always optimal (high porosity, incomplete impregnation, heterogeneous microstructure, variable fibre orientation). This paper reviews published data on the specific nature of flax fibres with respect to manufacturing of biocomposites (defined here as polymers reinforced by natural fibres). All the important steps in the process...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Composite materials; Biocomposite; Flax fibre; Polymer; Processing.
Ano: 2019 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00473/58429/61027.pdf
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Non-conventional vessels in Scandinavia made of composite materials. ArchiMer
Gullberg, O.
This paper presents the background to the development of composite materials in marine structures in the Scandinavian countries. The very first vessel constructed in composite materials in 1974 used a special sandwich technique, GRP sandwich, developed in Sweden. Since the the GRP sandwich technique has been the only ship hull construction method used in the Scandinavian countries. The construction method is briefly described, together with the material used. In the second part of the paper examples of the different types of vessels under construction are presented. Finally, in the conclusion some ideas of future development are outlined.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Hovercraft; Ship technology; Ship hulls; Ship design; Composite materials; NES; Coussin d'air; MCMV; Sandwich GRP; Matériau composite.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1052.pdf
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La conception structurale preliminaire de navires en ames sandwich ArchiMer
Previte, C.
Fiberglass laminate design is of deep concern to marine designers and engineers. This presentation summarizes the topic of core selection for marine structures. It provides a schematic approach to de-complicating laminate design, reviews the attributes of different types of Polimex cores and outlines the principal causes of sandwich failure. For sake of brevity engineering analysis and formulas have been greatly abbreviated.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Deterioration; Failures; Composite materials; Ship design; Ship technology; Fibre glass; Rupture; Conception; PVC; Sandwich.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1059.pdf
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Innovations and technical-economic aspects of structural and non-structural applications of composite materials on large passenger vessels and merchant ships. ArchiMer
Maccari, A; Farolfi, F.
Considerable interest is presently being shown in research, design and practical application of composite materials within Fincantieri Merchant Shipbuilding Division. This paper is intended to discuss the state-of-the-art and the innovations in hull, outfitting and accommodation applications, where traditional steel or light alloy can be successfully replaced by composites. The impact on design and production is outlined, with an overview of the economic effects of these materials on technology, production and safety requirements, which remain an open subject for the future possible developments.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Safety devices; Accommodation; Ship technology; Ship design; Ship hulls; Composite materials; Economie; Sécurité; Cabine; Equipement; Coque; Matériau composite.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1053.pdf
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La conception et l'architecture navale en composite dans l'industrie de la plaisance ArchiMer
Dolto, G.
This paper gives a brief overview of design with composite materials for the pleasure boat industry. The dimensioning of sail and motor boats is described and material properties are discussed from the point of view of a naval architect.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Yachting; Mechanical properties; Ship technology; Ship design; Composite materials; Propriétés mécaniques; Bateau de plaisance; Echantillonnage; Dimensionnement; Conception.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1051.pdf
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La qualite du controle par ultra-sons des materiaux composites utilises en construction navale ArchiMer
Lehire, J; Cancre, F.
Ultrasonic non-destructive testing is frequently used for composite materials. Concerning shipbuilding materials, the observation of the echograms reveals significant acoustic noise which impairs the detection of defects. The usual practice of analysing individual echograms is therefore inadequate. A method based on the intercorrelation function has therefore been developed and tested. The results should allow a classification of materials based on a criterion of the quality expected for each material.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ultrasonics; Ship technology; Composite materials; Materials testing; Ultra sons; Contrôle non destructif; Matériau composite naval.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1055.pdf
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Les preimpregnes dans le nautisme ArchiMer
Bernay, P.
Preimpregnated reinforcements (prepregs) in the nautical industry represent an opportunity for naval construction and an alternative method of fabricating composite structures. There prepregs include fibres, resins, their hardeners and a certain number of additives. One may consider them to be semi-products. Their characteristics allow the highest levels of performance and reliability to be attained.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Economics; Ship technology; Ship design; Safety devices; Composite materials; Enjeu économique; Nautique; Haute performance; Stratifié; Préimprégné.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1068.pdf
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Tuyauteries composites: Installation prototype sur un bateau de peche ArchiMer
Croquette, Jean; Dufour, X; Forestier, J; Parquic, J.
A composite prototype engine cooling piping system was installed in 1990 by SBPI on a 50 meter fishing boat owned by Jego Quere. The installation on board was easy and no incident has happened since the beginning of this experiment, which is followed by a working group coordinated by Ifremer and checked by Bureau Veritas. Extended application of composite pipes may be contemplated.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Corrosion; Fishing; Boats; Fishing vessels; Pipes; Ship technology; Composite materials; Corrosion; Pêche; Bateau; Tuyauterie composite.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1069.pdf
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Application of multiaxial reinforcements in the marine industry. ArchiMer
Taby, J; Hoyning, B.
Knitted multiaxial reinforcement are today more and more commonly used in the production of marine vessels. This is due to superior strength compared to traditional reinforcements such as woven roving and chopped strand mat. Strength properties in different resins are documented, and multiaxial and woven reinforcements are compared. Special attention is paid to interlaminar properties, and it is apparent that no intermediate layers of chopped strand mat are necessary when using multiaxial reinforcement. Methods of analysis are discussed, the influence of fibre orientation on strength and stiffness of structures is described, and a case study reveals considerable weight and cost saving potential.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ship technology; Ship design; Composite materials; Matériaux composites; Renforts multiaxiaux; Tissus cousus.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1061.pdf
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Applications marines des composites a matrice metallique d'aluminium assembles par collage (MMC) ArchiMer
Davies, R; Ritchie, M; Trumper, R.
Metal matrix composites (MMC) offer a unique combination of properties that make this class of material ideally suited to the fabrication of components subjected to complex loads, such as marine structures. In many marine applications the dominant requirement is for a reduction in structural weight, and where failure occurs by elastic buckling stiffness is critical. MMC's encompass a very broad class of materials which may be subdivided into three main groups: particulate, whisker and continuous fibre reinforced metals. These materials offer improvements in stiffness and the strength to weight ratio over conventional alloys. However, the ability to construct efficient marine structures is constrained by the ability to join these materials both to...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Adhesion; Adhesives; Ship technology; Composite materials; Traitement de surface; Collage; Structures marines; Composites à matrice métallique.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1079.pdf
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Etude du vieillissement de composites verre resine en milieu marin ArchiMer
Gutierrez, J; Lelay, F; Hoarau, P.
Evolution of glass fibre-resin composites (polyester, epoxy and vinylester) after 30 years in a marine environment has been anticipated by the compilation of the Naval Construction Direction test results. This study showed that 120 degree C epoxy prepreg, in spite of improved initial performance, was more affected by water environment aging than other composites. Post-curing of epoxy and vinylester composites does not significantly improve resistance to water degradation except in the case of high temperature aging (60-70 degree C).
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Ship technology; Age; Aging; Composite materials; Fibre glass; Vieillissement accéléré; Vieillissement naturel; Composite verre résine.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1056.pdf
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Evaluation expérimentale et théorique du comportement de panneaux de superstructures en composites ArchiMer
Damonte, R; Iaccarino, R; Puccini, G; Rizzuto, E; Tedeschi, R.
Composite materials represent for shipbuilding industries a possible way to improve the competitiveness of products, particularly in the field of high technology vessels where high strength and stiffness to weight ratios allow increased payload capacity to be obtained, improved performances and lower propulsion costs. In fact with these materials the designer can obtain considerable saving in structural weights, easier production and assembly techniques for complex shapes structures, and better long term performances of the structures when exposed to the marine environment. Unfortunately potentially wide application of F.R.P. structures is restrained by a general lack of knowledge on the mechanical and physical behaviour of these structures. In this...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Evaluation; Ship design; Numerical analysis; Glass reinforced plastics; Ship technology; Composite materials; Etude expérimentale; Etude numérique; Panneaux sandwich; Superstructures navales.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1085.pdf
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Contribution a l'usinage des materiaux composites ArchiMer
Guegan, P; Lemaitre, F; Hamann, J.
While machining is generally to be avoided in the fabrication of components with composite materials, nevertheless many parts require some machining, drilling or milling after moulding. Machining of these materials involves the risk of damage in the machined region. It is therefore important to study the possible sources of damage and to quantify their extent for different drilling and milling operations.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Damage; Drilling; Ship technology; Composite materials; Usinage; Matériau composite.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1080.pdf
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Une théorie de plaque sandwich ArchiMer
Mace, M.
The objective of this paper is to present a new two-dimensional plate theory inside which a very thin layer is sandwiched. Based upon a prescribed displacement field and a shear stress field fulfilling continuity conditions at the interfaces, this model takes into account the shearing strain due to the high rigidity ratio between the thick skins and the thin film. It is also shown how the present theory was assessed when calculating a rectangular sandwich plate for which Pagano proposed an "exact" three-dimensional solution.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Mathematical models; Strain; Shear strength; Ship technology; Composite materials; Cisaillement; Film mince; Théorie de plaque sandwich; Calculs de structures composites.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1082.pdf
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Endommagement mecanique de materiaux composites. Role sur les proprietes hygrothermiques ArchiMer
Perreux, D; Suri, C; Varchon, D; Oytana, C.
The mechanical behaviour of polymer based glass fibre composites depends on the damage level and the amount of moisture present. Two anelastic damage models, both adapted to the mechanical properties of epoxy and polyester matrix polymers, are proposed. A coupling effect between the kinetics of damage and moisture level is shown.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Moisture; Damage; Modelling; Ship technology; Mechanical properties; Composite materials; Humidité; Endommagement; Modélisation; Comportement; Matériau composite.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1062.pdf
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Dommage composites pendant l'expertise de bateaux en matériaux composites ArchiMer
Barnouin, Bruno; Renaud, P.
The main conclusions drawn from examinations made by an expert over the last twelve years on boats in the Bay of Arcachon, including both motor and sailing boats, are presented. The different types of damage most frequently observed in different areas of the boats are described, with distinctions made between superstructures, areas below the water-line and other components. The damage is defined, common repair methods are described and simple design modifications to avoid the problems are discussed. In conclusion, it is apparent that the problems related specifically to aging of the material are rare or very rare. With improved fabrication methods and mastery of the design process in-service experience fully justifies the position of composite materials as...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Motor boats; Inspection; Accidents; Yachts; Damage; Ship technology; Composite materials; Plaisance; Réparation; Accident; Dommage; Avarie.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1066.pdf
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Essai de caractérisation sous pression de panneaux en composites pour structures marines ArchiMer
Reichard, R.
Traditional testing of FRP sandwich panels using uniaxial loading provides useful data for structural designers, but these tests do not work well for multiaxially reinforced laminates or for sandwich laminates. Sandwich laminates are generally used to increase the flexural properties of a panel. Flexural testing of sandwich beams does not address panel membrane effects, which can be significant. As a result, a number of different methods have been developed for testing panels. Experiments with multiaxial FRP sandwich panels have been conducted to evaluate the behavior of panel laminates with various fiber orientations and core materials under both static pressure loading and hydrodynamic shock loading. The test apparatus and methods are described, and the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Test equipment; Loads (forces); Pressure effects; Pressure; Materials testing; Ship technology; Composite materials; Panneau composite; Pression répartie; Choc; Sandwich; Essais.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1086.pdf
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